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Delayed fungal evolution did not cause the Paleozoic peak in coal production

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dc.contributor.author Nelsen, Matthew P. en
dc.contributor.author DiMichele, William A. en
dc.contributor.author Peters, Shanan E. en
dc.contributor.author Boyce, C. K. en
dc.date.accessioned 2016-03-07T13:02:42Z
dc.date.available 2016-03-07T13:02:42Z
dc.date.issued 2016
dc.identifier.citation Nelsen, Matthew P., DiMichele, William A., Peters, Shanan E., and Boyce, C. K. 2016. "<a href="https%3A%2F%2Frepository.si.edu%2Fhandle%2F10088%2F28188">Delayed fungal evolution did not cause the Paleozoic peak in coal production</a>." <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em>. 113 (9):2442&ndash;2447. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517943113">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517943113</a> en
dc.identifier.issn 0027-8424
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10088/28188
dc.description.abstract Organic carbon burial plays a critical role in Earth systems, influencing atmospheric O2 and CO2 concentrations and, thereby, climate. The Carboniferous Period of the Paleozoic is so named for massive, widespread coal deposits. A widely accepted explanation for this peak in coal production is a temporal lag between the evolution of abundant lignin production in woody plants and the subsequent evolution of lignin-degrading Agaricomycetes fungi, resulting in a period when vast amounts of lignin-rich plant material accumulated. Here, we reject this evolutionary lag hypothesis, based on assessment of phylogenomic, geochemical, paleontological, and stratigraphic evidence. Lignin-degrading Agaricomycetes may have been present before the Carboniferous, and lignin degradation was likely never restricted to them and their class II peroxidases, because lignin modification is known to occur via other enzymatic mechanisms in other fungal and bacterial lineages. Furthermore, a large proportion of Carboniferous coal horizons are dominated by unlignified lycopsid periderm with equivalent coal accumulation rates continuing through several transitions between floral dominance by lignin-poor lycopsids and lignin-rich tree ferns and seed plants. Thus, biochemical composition had little relevance to coal accumulation. Throughout the fossil record, evidence of decay is pervasive in all organic matter exposed subaerially during deposition, and high coal accumulation rates have continued to the present wherever environmental conditions permit. Rather than a consequence of a temporal decoupling of evolutionary innovations between fungi and plants, Paleozoic coal abundance was likely the result of a unique combination of everwet tropical conditions and extensive depositional systems during the assembly of Pangea. en
dc.relation.ispartof Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America en
dc.title Delayed fungal evolution did not cause the Paleozoic peak in coal production en
dc.type Journal Article en
dc.identifier.srbnumber 138860
dc.identifier.doi 10.1073/pnas.1517943113
rft.jtitle Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
rft.volume 113
rft.issue 9
rft.spage 2442
rft.epage 2447
dc.description.SIUnit NH-Paleobiology en
dc.description.SIUnit NMNH en
dc.description.SIUnit Peer-reviewed en
dc.citation.spage 2442
dc.citation.epage 2447


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