dc.contributor.author | Carlson, Jane E. | en |
dc.contributor.author | Harms, Kyle Edward | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2011-02-09T20:01:50Z | |
dc.date.available | 2011-02-09T20:01:50Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Carlson, Jane E. and Harms, Kyle Edward. 2007. "<a href="https%3A%2F%2Frepository.si.edu%2Fhandle%2F10088%2F11806">The benefits of bathing buds: water calyces protect flowers from a microlepidopteran herbivore</a>." <em>Biology Letters</em>. 3 (4):405–407. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0095">https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0095</a> | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 1744-9561 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10088/11806 | |
dc.description.abstract | Protective floral structures may evolve in response to the negative effects of floral herbivores. For example, water calyces-liquid-filled, cup-like structures resulting from the fusion of sepals-may reduce floral herbivory by submerging buds during their development. Our observations of a water-calyx plant, Chrysothemis friedrichsthaliana (Gesneriaceae), revealed that buds were frequently attacked by ovipositing moths (Alucitidae), whose larvae consumed anthers and stigmas before corollas opened. Almost 25% of per-plant flower production was destroyed by alucitid larvae over two seasons, far exceeding the losses to all other floral herbivores combined. Experimental manipulation of water levels in calyces showed that a liquid barrier over buds halved per-flower alucitid egg deposition and subsequent herbivory, relative to buds in calyces without water. Thus, C. friedrichsthaliana's water calyx helps protect buds from a highly detrimental floral herbivore. Our findings support claims that sepal morphology is largely influenced by selection to reduce floral herbivory, and that these pressures can result in novel morphological adaptations | en |
dc.relation.ispartof | Biology Letters | en |
dc.title | The benefits of bathing buds: water calyces protect flowers from a microlepidopteran herbivore | en |
dc.type | Journal Article | en |
dc.identifier.srbnumber | 55418 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1098/rsbl.2007.0095 | |
rft.jtitle | Biology Letters | |
rft.volume | 3 | |
rft.issue | 4 | |
rft.spage | 405 | |
rft.epage | 407 | |
dc.description.SIUnit | Encyclopedia of Life | en |
dc.description.SIUnit | Forces of Change | en |
dc.description.SIUnit | Costa Rica | en |
dc.description.SIUnit | STRI | en |
dc.description.SIUnit | filename_problems | en |
dc.citation.spage | 405 | |
dc.citation.epage | 407 |