ON A SMALL COLLECTION OF CRUSTACEANS FROM THEISLAND OF (3UBA.
By William Perry Hay,Of Howard University, Washington City.
In the earh^ spring of 1902, Dr. C. H, Eigenmann, of the StateUniversit}^ of Indiana, visited the island of Cuba for the purpose ofcollecting specimens of blind lish and other forms of life known toinhabit certain limestone caverns of that region. The successful resultof the exploration, so far as the fish were concerned, has alreadybeen reported at the Pittsburg meeting of the American Associationfor the Advancement of Science, which organization had by a grantof money helped to defray Dr. Eigenmann's expenses, but so far asI know no report has hitherto been made on the miscellaneouscollections.The collection of crustaceans, which is contained in 25 jars andvials, includes 14 species. The}^ were collected at various points alongthe seashore, in fresh-water streams, and in the caverns. Most of thespecies are well known and have been reported from the island; all arementioned here, however, for the sake of completeness. Of the threenew species, two belong to the subterranean fauna and are of especial
'interest in that they are the first spelaean crustaceans to be recordedfrom Cuba and belong to genera which until very recently have notbeen suspected of adapting themselves to a subterranean life.In the identification of the shrimps and the Brachyura I haveenjoyed the benefit of the extensive knowledge of these groups of MissMary J. Rathbun, without whose assistance this paper woukl have beenconsiderably delayed.In the case of all new species Dr. Eigenmann has allowed me todeposit the types in the collection of the U. S. National ^Museum whilethe cotypes are in the collection of the University of Indiana.Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXVI?No. 1316. 429
430 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.LIST OF SPECIES.OEDER ISOPODA.
1. Otrolana cubensis, new species.2. Oniscus asellus Linnseus.ORDER DECAPODA.MACRUKA.
3. Palsemonetes eigenmanni, new species.4. Palasmonetes cubensis, new species.5. Bithynis jamaicensis (Herbst).6. Bithynis olfersii {Wiegm&nn).7. Bithynis acanthurus (Wiegmann).8. Xiphocaris clongata (Guerin)9. Penscus brasUiensis Latreille.10. Cambarus cubensis Saussure.BRACHYURA.
11. Callinectes sapidus acutidens Rathbun.12. Epilobocera cubensis Stinipson.13. Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille).14. Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus).
I. CIROLANA CUBENSIS, new species.Types.?CsLt No. 26348, U.S.N.M. Cavern at San Isidro, Cuba.C. H. Eigenmann, Col., 1902.Body oval, a little more than twice as long as broad, widest a littlebehind the middle, rather strongly convex, and perfectly smooth.Head a little broader than long, slightly pro-duced in front. Mesosome broader, with itsgreatest width at thefifth segment; coxal platesof the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixthsegments successively more enlarged and morestrongly produced backward as an acute angle.The plate of the seventh segment is about thesame size as the one preceding it. Metasomenarrower than mesosome, of five segments,each of which, except the last, has the lateralangles strongly produced posteriori}^; telsonas long as the metasome, its margins gentlycurved and convergent for about two-thirds ofFig. 1.?ciROLANA ruBENsis. its length, and then rather abruptly stronglyconvergent to form a short, obtuse tip. Theeyes are altogether wanting. First antenna Avith three basal seg-ments and a short flagellum which, when extended backward, reachesslightly beyond the posterior margin of the lirst thoracic segment.Second antenna with live basal segments, and a long, slender flagel_
NO. 1316. SOME CUBAN CRUSTACEANS?HAY. 431luui which may extend slightly beyond the middle of the body, andis composed of about twenty-nine segments. The mandil)le. maxilhc,and maxillipeds do not present specific characters of importance, beingof the type usual in the genus. The appendages of the mesosomeare of moderate strength, and are armed with a few rather stoutspines and stiff setse. The branchial appendages of the meta.some aremembranaceous and small; the uropoda are well developed, the outerbranch lanceolate in outline, the inner much broader and very slightlylonger, and with the tip somewhat acuminate; both branches and themargins of the telson as well bear a rather dense fringe of hairs.Color in alcohol, white, with no markings of any kind. Length, 5 mm.This Isopod, which is reported by Dr. Eigenmann to be abundant,is represented in the collection by about twenty-five specimens, allfrom the one locality. Of the species of C/'rokau/ known to inhabitAmerican waters, C. mayana^ which occurs on the coast of Yucatanand Colombia, is the nearest relative of the present species. Betweenthe two, however, there are several important structural difi'erences.The phj^siological difierences between this species and all the othersof the genus must be very great to admit of its living in the subter-ranean streams of fresh water. It may be added that (Jlrolaud cxhen-sis is very distinct from Cirolanides texensis Benedict," which occursin the waters which flow from the large artesian well at San Marcos,Texas. 2. ONISCUS ASELLUS Linnaeus.Five specimens, for which no locality is given, appear to l)elonghere. They answer perfectly the description given by Sars '' fromspecimens collected in Norway. They are doubtless importationsfrom Europe, and probably came from Spain, where the species iscommon. 3. PALiEMONETES EIGENMANNI, new species.Types.?Out. No. 26349, U.S.N.M. Cavern at Ashton, Cuba. C. H.Eigenmann.Carapace thin, very delicate and transparent, in form slightly com-pressed near the middle of the body but rather broad anteriorly; theanterior border, below the eye, is produced as a broad, obtuse angle,which bears, near its lower margin, an acute, forwardly directedspine; this spine is the anterior end of an obscurely marked ridge,which extends obliquely downward and backward along the, sidesof the carapace. The rostrum is long, slender, compressed, andrather markedly upcurved; on its superior margin it bears a rowof six or eight slender, acute teeth, which begins well back on thecarapace and extends forward to the rostrum; these teeth are directed
? Benedict, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVIII, 1896, p. 616.b Crust, Norway, II, Pts. 9, 10, 1897, pp. 171, 172. '
432 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.obliquely forward; the inferior margin is unarmed; the tip of therostrum is acute and reaches forward to a point opposite the distalextremities of the antennal scales. The eyes are much reduced insize, are without pigment, and the corneal surface comes to anobtuse point in front. The-first antenna has the basal segment wellexcavated above and provided with a small, acute spine at the outerdistal angle; there are two long and one short flagella, the short oneslightly exceeding the rostrum, the long ones somewhat longer thanthe bodv. The second antenna has the basal segment provided witha small spine near the distal end; the antennal scale is broad and withsubparallel margins; the tip is slightly rounded, and there is a small,obtuse spine at the outer distal angle; the flagellum is slender, andabout twice as long as the body. The mandible has an incisor por-tion with three or four sharp teeth, a small molar surface with severalobtuse teeth, but is without a palpus. The third maxilliped is notstrongl}- developed and presents no characters of importance. The
Fig. 2.?Pal?monetes eigenmanni.first pair of pereiopods is chelate, and except for its much smallersize is exactly like the second; the chela is slender and weak; the car-pal segment is long and slender; the meros is of about the same length,but stouter; the remaining segments short and rather thick. Theremaining pereiopods are very long and slender. The abdomen isof the form usual in this genus, but the sixth segment is neitherelongate nor compressed; the telson narrows gradually from the baseto the obtusely angulate tip; on the upper surface there is on eachside at about the middle and again about one-fourth the distancefrom the tip a small, appressed spine, at the tip there is on each sideone minute and one long, slender spine, and in the middle a fringe ofsetje. Color in alcohol, white. Length, 23 mm.Nine specimens of this interesting shrimp were sent to me, threefrom Ashton, two from Modesta, one from the cave of Jaiguan, andthree from the cave at San Isidro. Dr. Eigenmann reports that theywere common.
NO. 1316. SOME CUBAN CRUSTACEANS?HAY. 433They differ very markedly from Palaemonetes antroniui Benedict,hitherto our only known blind Palsemonetes, in the shape of the ro.strumand the character of the chela". The shape of the 63^6 is rather remark-able, even in a group, where through atrophy the eye tends toward theconical form. I know of no other in which it is produced into ablunt point. So far as I have been able to ascertain, this is the firstrecord for this genus in Cuba. In the material from San Isidro thereis one specimen which agrees in every way with the types, but theother two differ in such a manner as to lead me to believe that a sec-ond species may be found to inhabit the subterranean waters of Cuba.The two specimens just mentioned have the sixth segment of theal)domen two and one-half times as long as deep, and the anteunalscale is more slender and acute. Unfortunately, the rostrum of one isentirely gone, while of the other only the abdomen remains.
4. PAL.(EMONETES CUBENSIS, new species.
Ti/j}e.^.?Cut No. 26350. U.S.N.M. Palacio, Cuba. C. H. Eigen-maim Col., 1902.Carapace of the character usual in this genus, rounded above, slightlycompressed, and prolonged in front into a large, upcurved, serratedrostrum; at the anteriormargin, a short distancebelow the eve, there is aminute incurved spine,and below it, slightlyback of the margin, asecond larger spine.The rostrum is longerthan the carapace,strongly compressed andserrate above and below;the tip is somewhat up-curved and the base isusually inclined slightlydownward toward themiddle, but often thebasal half is in line withthe top of the carapace;the teeth on the uppermargin of the rostrum number seven or eight, live or six being dis-posed with some regularity from the base to a point anterior to themiddle; there is then a toothless space which is followed bj' two smallteeth close together at the tip; on the lower surface there are aboutlive teeth, the most posterior one being the largest and placed just inadvance of the eye.Proc. N. M. vol. xxvi?02 30
Fig. 3.?Pal-emonetes cubensis. ?, C.\rapace. b, Second an-tenna, c, Eye. rf, First antenna, c, Mandible. /, ThirdMAXiLi^ED. g, First chelate appendage, h, Teeson andsixth abdominal appendage.
434 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.The eyes are large and abundantly supplied with pigment. Thefirst antennae have the basal segment strongly excavated, while theouter margin is expanded into a plate-like process which bears justback of the rounded tip, a small spine; the three flagella are slender.The second antennae are very slender and exceed the body in length:the scale is broad and long, ])ut does not exceed the rostrum ; there isa small spine on the outer face of the basal segment and another onthe outer margin of the scale near its tip. The mandible does not beara palpus, the incisor portion is provided with two or three sharp teeth,while the molar surface has three souiewhat obtuse ridges. The thirdmaxillipeds are pediform as usual, but are small. The second pair ofpereiopods are chelate like the first pair and exceed them slightly insize; the carpus is longer than the hand and the fingers are shorterthan the palm. The telson narrows uniformly from the base to thesmall rounded tip, which bears five small spines. Color in alcoholyellowish; length, 30 mm. Eighteen specimens were collected fromthe following localities: Palacio, 8; Pinar del Rio, 7; San Cristobal, 3.
5. BITHYNIS JAMAICENSIS (Herbst).Represented by one large specimen from Calabazar.
6. BITHYNIS OLFERSII (Wiegmann).Represented b}' specimens from Calabazar (3), Pinar del Rio (4),San Juan (4), and El Sumidero (7).
7. BITHYNIS ACANTHURUS (Wiegmann).Seven specimens of this shrimp were collected near San Juan.
8. XIPHOCARIS ELONGATA (Guerin).A series of seven specimens labeled "Calabazar" represent thisspecies. 9. PEN^US BRASILIENSIS Latreille.Two specimens from San Juan.10. CAMBARUS CUBENSIS Erichson.Two specimens, male and female. No locality given.These specimens difi'er considerably from individuals from otherlocalities and may represent an undescribed form. The abdominalappendages of the male and the annulus ventralis of the female arethose of C. cubensk, but there is a well-developed spine on the side ofthe carapace, the areola is much narrower than usual (seven times aslong as wide), the margins of the rostrum are raised into high, sharpridges, the lateral teeth of the rostrum are well developed, and theacumen is slender.
NO. 1316. SOME CUBAN CRUSTACEANS?HAY. 435
II. CALLINECTES SAPIDUS ACUTIDENS Rathbun.Five specimens as follows: Mouth of Yuimiri" (2), Pinar del Rio (1large male), San Juan (1 female), unknown locality (1 small male).12. EPILOBOCERA CUBENSIS Stimpson.A small series of two males, one female, and one young from Ashtonand one young from Modesta represent this species.
13. GONIOPSIS CRUENTATA (Latreille.)Two specimens from the mouth of the Yumuri River, a male and afemale. The male is the larger and more brilliantly colored. Thefemale carries a large mass of eggs.
14. UCIDES CORDATUS (Linnaeus).Two specimens (male and female) from the mouth of the YumuriRiver. The male has recently suffered the loss of two of his legs andis beginning to reproduce them. They now consist of buds aboutone-half an inch long in which five segments can be distinguished, butthe last three are bound down tightl}^ against the other two andinclosed with them in a chitinous envelope. If the limb is removedfrom this capsule and extended it is about 25 millimeters in length.To what extent this method of reproduction obtains among theCrustacea I am unable to say, but I have observed it in several speciesof Brachyurans. In the Macrura, on the other hand, in the few caseswhich I have observed, the new limb appears as a bud in which thesegments are extended as in the fully developed appendage.
"The following note has been supplied by Dr. Eigenmann: El Sumidero is a riverrunning in part underground west of Pinar del Rio. The Yumuri River is a streamemptying into the ocean at Matanzas.