1*S AM. PafcfiDEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND RELATEDAGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1960
HEARINGSBEFORE ASUBCOMMITTEE OF THECOMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONSHOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVESEIGHTY-SIXTH CONGRESSFIRST SESSIONSUBCOMMITTEE ON DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ANDRELATED AGENCIESMICHAEL J. KIRWAN, Ohio, ChairmanW. F. NORRELL, Arkansas BEN F. JENSEN, IowaDON MAGNUSON, Washington IVOR D. FENTON, PennsylvaniaWINFIELD K. DENTON, Indiana KEITH THOMSON, WyomingEugenb B. Wilhelm, Staff Assistant to the SubcommitteeDEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR(except Bonneville Power Administration, Bureau ofReclamation, Southeastern Power Administration,and Southwestern Power Administration)COMMISSION OF FINE ARTSFEDERAL COAL MINE SAFETY BOARD OF REVIEWFOREST SERVICEHISTORICAL AND MEMORIAL COMMISSIONSINDIAN CLAIMS COMMISSIONNATIONAL CAPITAL PLANNING COMMISSIONSMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONVIRGIN ISLANDS CORPORATION
Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations

DISTRICT OF COLUMBfAAPPROPRIATIONS, 1965
HEARINGSBEFORE ASUBCOMMITTEE OF THECOMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONSHOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVESEIGHTY-EIGHTH CONGRESSSECOND SESSION
SUBCOMMITTEE ON DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA APPROPRIATIONSWILLIAM H. NATCHER, Kentucky, ChairmanROBERT N. GIAIMO, Connecticut EARL WILSON, IndianaEDWARD R. FINNEGAN, Illinois LOUIS C. WYMAN, New HampshireEarl C. Silsbt, Staff Assistant to the Subcommittee
Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations


568
of Columbia budget since 1956. We have increased its strengththrough our U.S. budget, but not since 1956 have we asked for anyincrease under the District of Columbia appropriation. During thistime, as you can imagine, the use of the parks has increased. Thecrime rate has increased. Again, new areas have been added and as amatter of fact, this request is related, just as the maintenance andoperation request was, to new facilities developed within the Districtof Columbia, again, on about a 50-50 cost basis.We are asking for five officers, on a 9-month basis, for the newzoo bypass, to give us one post around the clock, and the other fiveare being asked on the basis of an increased crime rate and public use.It is a fact, Mr. Chairman, that we are unable to provide patrolmenon an around-the-clock basis in many of our small parks and reserva-tions, where we feel they are very badly needed. It is on the basis ofincreased use, increased crime, and new facilities that we ask for thefirst time in almost 10 years for 10 policemen to be financed in thisbudget.Mr, Natcher. All right, Mr. Jett. We want to thank you andMr. Castro and Mr. Hough for your appearance before our committeeat this time. National Zoological ParkwitnessesDR. THEODORE H. REED, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL ZOOLOGICALPARKJAMES BRADLEY, ASSISTANT SECRETARY, SMITHSONIAN INSTI-TUTIONJ. LEAR GRIMMER, ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL ZOOLOGICALPARKT. E. FAUNTLEROY, JR., ASSISTANT TO DIRECTOR, NATIONALZOOLOGICAL PARKMRS. FRUZA KUSSROW, BUDGET ANALYST, NATIONAL ZOO-LOGICAL PARKMr. Natcher. Now we take up the "National Zoological Park."The amount requested is $1,721,000 for fiscal year 1965. Here wehave an increase of $136,844. We shall insert page 20-2.(P. 20-2 follows:) Allotment summary1963 allotment (including $34,797 contained in Supplemental Ap-propriation Act, 1963, Public Law 88-25) $1,504,9971964 allotment 1,597,356Decreases 13, 2001964 adjusted (1965 base) 1, 584, 156Increases 136, 844Total estimate for 1965 1, 721, 000
569Analysis by activity
Activity 1963obligations(actual) 1964allotment Transfers De-creases 1964 ad-justed (1965base) Increase 1965estimate$95, 972805,421587, 71312,531
$107,370863, 958614,90111,127
$107, 370851,483614, 17611, 127
$10, 88236, 47736,86452,621
$118,2522. Operations and main- $12, 475725 887, 960651,0404. Scientific Research 63,748Total (generalfund) 1,501,637 1,597,356 13, 200 1, 584, 156 136, 844 1,721,000Mr. Natcher. We are pleased to have before the committee Dr.Reed, together with certain members of his staff and Mr. Bradley,who represents the Smithsonian Institution.Gentlemen, we will be pleased to hear from you. Do you havestatements?Dr. Reed, yon may proceed.STATEMENT OF DR. REEDDr. Reed. Thank you, sir. I am accompanied here by Mr. J. LearGrimmer, my Associate Director of the National Zoological Parkand Mr. Travis Fauntleroy, assistant to the Director, and Mrs.Kussrow, budget analyst, as well as Mr. Bradley, as you mentioned.Mr. Chairman, our most sincere thanks to you for the opportunityof appearing here before you today. Since I was last before thiscommittee we have continued to grow and develop and the elapsedtime has proved exciting, interesting, and stimulating.In relation to our animal collection, we seem to fluctuate betweenthe depths of despair and the exhilarating heights of ecstasy. We donot seem to have little disappointments or small achievements.SHIPMENT OF INDIAN ANIMALSI am sure that you read in the newspapers about our great joyin receiving a large and varied shipment of Indian animals in earlyDecember; the star attraction being the two female rhinoceroses,the mother and her 9-month-old offspring. Shortly thereafter, wesuffered the tragic loss of the mother rhinoceros, which plunged usinto the depths of despondency. Hard upon the heels of this, fortu-nately, there came, in rapid succession, our white tigress, Mohini'ssuccessful delivery of three cubs, one of which shows the distinctivecoloration of the white tigers of Rewa; the delivery of another babypygmy hippopotamus, this one a male; and then, to cap that off,the rather unexpected birth of Leonard, the second male lowlandgorilla born at the National Zoological Park, the third in the UnitedStates, and the fifth in captivity in the world.I say unexpected because we had assumed that Moka was notpregnant?that she merely lost her figure after her first baby. Itwas only 3 days before the birth that we decided that she was preg-nant. Naturally I am chagrined at not knowing that such an im-portant animal as a gorilla was pregnant; however, the safe de-
570livery of such a healthy male offspring is the kind of shock thatmy system can stand.I am happy to report that the tiger cubs are growing; they now havetheir eyes open and I hope they will be on public display the middleof February. Actually, the 13th of February we are trying to get themon display.The baby male pygmy hippopotamus, named Delta, weighed 9pounds at birth on January S and now weighs 21 pounds. LittleLeonard, the gorilla, is doing remarkably well, having gained 6 ouncessince birth. Moka, the mother gorilla, did not accept her baby,although she did keep it for a period of 7 hours. We had high hopesthat she would accept and nurse the baby, but since she did not, littleLeonard is now in the home of Bernard Gallagher, our senior apekeeper, under the tender and experienced care of his wife, Louise.She raised the other gorillas.The young female rhinoceros from India is doing very well, as wellas can be expected.During the last summer, illness in our male gorilla, Nikumba,resulted in paralysis of both legs. This disease was unexplained asto etiology or cause. With the help of Dr. Henry FefTer, of GeorgeWashington Hospital, and Dr. Hugo Rizzoli, of the WashingtonHospital Center, we instituted a program of treatment which, com-bined with the tender care of the keepers, good nutrition and divineprovidence, resulted in a complete cure after about 5 months.I might say that, in relation to this, I found out from the directorof the Paris Zoo that his gorilla went through the same thing. Theyweren't able to find out what the cause was. Again, he was cured inalmost the same time, and independently, we had arrived at almostthe same course of treatment without consultation with one another.He had not mentioned that he had this trouble, but when I men-tioned it, he said he, too, had had it, but before that, he wasn'ttalking about it.Last fall we had the privilege of playing host to the AmericanAssociation of Zoological Parks and Aquariums and to the Inter-national Congress of Zoology. Many distinguished colleagues andbiological scientists from all over the world visited us. From theircomments, we believe that the majority were impressed by thebreadth of the zoological collection.CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMThe construction program continues and it is hoped that in the latespring or early summer we will be able to occupy the renovated andremodeled bird house, and that other work in the deer and hoof stockareas will be started.As you are aware, the National Zoological Park, which is a bureauof the Smithsonian Institution, comprises 176 acres of woodland inthe valley of Rock Creek, just a short distance from downtownWashington.The mandate which Congress gave us in establishing the NationalZoological Park in 1890, was that it shall be "for the advancement ofscience and the instruction and recreation of the people." We haveaccomplished this by maintaining a diverse collection of living animalsfrom all parts of the world in safe and secure quarters for the enjoy-
571
ment, edification, and we hope, education of the ever-increasing num-ber of visitors from all sections of this country and many foreign lands.We must care for the animals, maintain the parklike atmosphereof the grounds, as well as direct, supervise and protect the visitors.The budget request that we are presenting to you today includesbesides our basic needs, an increase of $136,844. Of this amount,35.4 percent, or $48,383, is for required increased cost in operations.With the remaining $88,461 we would increase the efficiency of thezoo. In our fiscal affairs, we request the hiring of a budget andaccounting clerk. To help alleviate the workload of maintaining thezoo, we are requesting one labor position as well as an asphalt rollerand other specialized equipment in the automotive department. Weare also requesting the replacement of sidearms for the police division.In the animal department we are requesting an increase for thefood allotment to cover the ever-spiraling cost of animal food, also anincrease in the amount of animal purchases and acquisition allotmentdue primarily to the rising cost of animals and their transportation.In the scientific research department, in the educational sectionwe are asking to increase the scope and efficiency of this program inpart to meet our mandate of "instruction * * * of the people." Weare requesting the establishment of a pathology unit to study ourcollection and those diseases relating to wild animals in captivityfor three purposes: The first is to provide immediate medical diagnosisand care for our present collection; the second is the development ofthe backlog of sound scientific information and experience which willserve to improve present and future management practices within thezoo; and the third is to advance the worldwide knowledge of animals,particularly those maintained under captive conditions. I shall bemost happy to answer any questions which you may have concerningthe operation, maintenance, construction program, and, of course,the budget request.Thank you.As you have noted, I am accompanied by Mr. James Bradley,assistant secretary of Smithsonian. With your permission, he willmake a brief report on the capital improvement program, as he hasdone in former years.Thank you.Mr. Natcher. Thank you, Dr. Reed.Mr. Bradley, we will be pleased to hear from you at this time.STATEMENT OF MR. JAMES BRADLEYMr. Bradley. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. An appropriation of%\% million is being requested in our Smithsonian Institution budget.While that request is not before this committee, it has proved in the pastyears to be of interest to this committee to receive a brief report onthe capital improvement program. After all, the District of Colum-bia, through this committee, is financing the operation and mainte-nance of the zoo, while the Smithsonian is financing the program ofconstruction and improvements.Funds totaling $1,275,000 were appropriated in each of the fiscalyears 1963 and 1964 for the first 2 years of what we consider to be a10-year program of improvements at the zoo.
572In 1963, provision was made for relocating the east-west roadffromConnecticut down to Harvard Street, for constructing the bird flightcage, and for remodeling the bird exhibition building.In 1964, Mr. Chairman, the improvements will include the newentrance off Connecticut Avenue, exhibits in a 10-acre area for thehorn and hoof stock and deer, property yards and parking areas, anincinerator that was badly needed, regrading and surfacing of zoosurfaced roadways, and the planning and installation of utilities.In 1965, Mr. Chairman, we are going into the construction of thebuildings that will be temperature controlled, that will provide for thehousing of tropical and arctic animals. The hoofed stock from thetropical areas will be seen in all three buildings in the winter months.This will allow us to plan for different kinds of animals which cannotbe adapted to all-year outdoor exhibition in our climate. A con-spicuous example of this group is the giraffe.We will install also a parking area, and particularly I would like toreport, Mr. Chairman, we are going after a new sewer system, whichwill modernize the main sewerage of the National Zoological Park,including main storm sewers, sanitary sewers, animal waste sewers,installing the necessary trunklines and connecting into the Districtof Columbia system. This modernization, when completed, willresult in the termination of pollution of Rock Creek from the nationalzoo.Mr. Chairman, that is all I have to report at the moment. I willbe glad to answer any questions you may have.Mr. Natcher. Thank you, Dr. Bradley.OFFICE OF THE DIRECTORWe take up first the Office of the Director, where the amount re-quested is $118,252, and 12 positions, which is an increase of $10,882,and 1 additional position.We shall insert page 20-3 in the record at this point.(The page follows:)Justification by activity and program
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateActivity and program Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
J. Office of Director:Direct appropriation:A. Administration 11 $95, 972 11 $107, 370 1 $10, 882 12 $118,25
573Activity by main object class (direct appropriation only)
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateObject class Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
Personnel compensation:Permanent positions 11.01.0 $92, 1248,223 11.0.2 $95, 0291,675 1 $8, 556+581 12.0.1 $103, 5851,094Net permanent .-Positions other than 10.0 83,9012,87887
10.8 93, 3542,713748
1 9,137116
-334
11.9 102, 4912,829414Other personnel compen-Total, personnel corn- 86, 8666,4982,349259
96, 8157,6552,800100
8,919658605700
105, 7348,313Contractual services and 3,40580095, 972 107, 370 10,882 118,252Mr. Natcher. Justify the increase, including the GS-5 position,budget and accounting clerk, I believe is the position requested.Dr. Reed. Yes, sir; this position will be in the Office of the Direc-tor in the Fiscal Division. We now have two positions in this unit,the budget analyst and the fiscal technician, who handles all of ouraccounts receivable and the disbursement of money. The workloadin this division is sufficient for three positions. Now, of course, wehave only the two positions. Considering the average sick leave andthe annual, this gives us 1.7 man-years.The budget clerk that we are requesting would assist both thebudget analyst and the fiscal technician in preparing the variousreports. About 17 percent of the time would be spent on typingthe budget, the three submissions we have; about 30 percent of thetime would be spent on research and preparation of budget statisticsand then the rest would be spent on making required reports, bothfor the operation?that is, internal reports and external reports tothe Budget Office and to Smithsonian and to the Federal Bureau ofthe Budget. It is an unhappy fact that we have enough work forthree people, but we have two people that are attempting to do it.OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENTMr. Natcher. Now, under "Operations and maintenance," wehave the request for $887,960 and 123 positions. Here we have an
?increase of $36,477 and one additional position. We shall insert page20-6 in the record at this point.(The page follows:)
574
Justification by activity and program
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateActivity and program Posi- Pro-tions gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
2. Operations and Mainte-nance Department:Direct appropriation:A. Operational serv- 4039 $231,30730*? 357 40393112
$254, 923303, 048210, 62082, 892
1 $21, 5673,9307,5903,390
41393112
$276. 490es. Maintenance and 306, 97831 1 99 097 218,210D. Garden and tree 12 72,660 86, 282Total, direct ap-propriation 122 805, 421 122 851, 483 1 36, 477 123 887, 960
Activity of main object class (direct appropriation only)
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimate
l Object class Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
Personnel compensation:1 'ermanent positions 122.014.5 $681, 78581, 152 122.06.1 $693, 71434, 070 1 $17, 581+4, 654 123.05.1 $711,29529, 416107.5 600, 63333, 81913.047
115.9 659, 64424,91816, 162
1 22, 235 117.9 681, 879Positions other than per- 24, 918Other personnel compensa-
-2. 259 13,903Total, personnel compen- 647, 49946, 74592, 81118, 366
700. 72450, 15893, 3517,250
19, 9767,7081938,600
720, 70057, 866Contractual services and sup- 93, 54415.850805, 421 851, 4S3 36, 477 887. 960Mr. Natcher. Justify the increases and particularly the equipmentand the gun items that you set forth in the justifications, Dr. Reed.EQUIPMENTDr. Reed. The equipment that we are requesting consists of anasphalt roller. The machine that we now have we use to repair ourparking lots, sidewalks, and roads.This machine is well over 30 years old and beyond economicalrepair. It is practically ready to go down to the Smithsonian as amuseum piece. We have kept it in order to try to patch and repairour roads. This type of equipment is necessary because we willalways have with us the parking lots, the roads, and the sidewalksthat will constantly need repair, particularly in the spring when wecome out of the winter chuckholes have developed that will have tobe repaired and we have found it more economical to do it ourselvesthan to bring in outside contractors to do it.
575REPLACEMENT OF SIDEARMSWe are asking to replace the sidearms of the Police Department.We have over the years obtained most of our sidearms from variousother Government agencies as surplus material. Some of these gunsare quite ancient. It is necessary, of course, that our police be pro-ficient in both the slow and the rapid firing of these firearms. Theguns have reached the age where we are spending a great deal of timeand money repairing them. It is a little bit like the story of thesailor, when he is talking about his clasp knife, "Man and boy, I havehad it for 40 years; six new handles and five new blades."Many of our guns have had new trigger guards, new sights, andthey are constantly being repaired. We feel it is uneconomical tocontinue repairing them and even unsafe for our men. In the pastyear, we have had one barrel split during target practice.Mr. Natcher. Now, the position is a laborer; is that correct?Dr. Reed. Yes. The position we are requesting is a laborer. Thisis to assist our labor crew in the day-to-day mundane work of pickingup the trash, keeping the zoo clean and presentable, doing the manuallabor of digging ditches, and assisting the higher grade mechanicswhen needed.Mr. Natcher. What is the total of the personnel in this category?Dr. Reed. In the labor category?Mr. Natcher. Yes.Dr. Reed. We have 13 at the present time.ANIMAL DEPARTMENTMr. Natcher. Now, we take up the Animal Department, whereyou are requesting $651,040 and 77 positions, an increase of $36,864.We shall insert page 20-12 in the record at this point.(The page follows:)Justification by activity and program
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateActivity and program Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
3. Animal department:Direct appropriation: 6772 $523, 47046, 27017, 973 6872 $536, 26450, 75627, 156 $34, 0041,6701,190 6872 $570, 268B. Commissary program. 52,426C Animal health pro- 28, 346Total, direct appro-priation 76 587, 713 77 614, 176 36, 864 77 651, 040
28-761?64- -37
576Activity by mam object class {direct appropriation only)
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateObject class Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
Personnel compensation:Permanent positions 76.06.9 $477, 21943, 125 77.05.6 $495. 40436. 036 $9,094+ 11,213 77.03.8 $504, 49824,82369.1 434.09479610, 972
71.4 459. 368 20.307 73.2 479, 675Positions other than per-Other personnel compensa- 12, 816 -1,800 11,016Total personnel com- 445, 86233, 24990, 36818,234
472. 18434, 89789.88517, 210
18,5071,2917,06610,000
490, 69136,188Contractual services and 96,95127, 210Total, activity 3 587, 713 614,176 36,864 651,040Mr. Xatcher. Justify the increase of $10,000 for purchase ofanimals.Dr. Reed. At the present time, you will recall, about 2 years ago,we requested a language change in our appropriation language toinclude "acquisition" of the animals as well as the purchase of animals.Prior to this time, it had been?the wording had been strictly"purchase," which means paying money for animals. We acquireanimals in many different ways and there are expenses connected withthis. For instance, when we receive a gift of an animal, frequentlywTe have to pay for its transportation. So this would be an expensein acquiring an animal, but not an expense in purchasing the aninal.Now, since that time, we have had rather accurate budget account-ing of how much it costs us to get these animals in?that is, all animalpurchase money used for purchase of animals, incidentals like quaran-tine, brokerage charges overseas, transportation charges. We findit is insufficient to acquire the animals that we feel are necessary.RISING COST OF ANIMALSThe cost of animals has gone up in the past 10 years, considerably.I have some statistics on that. The zebra, which is a common zooanimal, in 1958 was quoted at $1,000 f.o.b. New York. They are nowquoted at $1,500 f.o.b. Europe, X quarantine station. We have topay transportation plus a $500 raise.Giraffes in 1956, were $2,000. Now, even those giraffes raised inthe United States are selling for $4,000 to $4,500 and new importsdelivered are $4,500.The common leopard has gone up from $250 f.o.b. New York to$400 f.o.b. New York.The open-bill storks, as an example, $32 f.o.b. Calcutta; now theyare $50 f.o.b. Calcutta.The common Entellus monkeys of India were $5 f.o.b.; now theyare $50.
577The common python-?we buy these bj7 the foot, you know. Theyhave gone up from $2.50 a foot up to a 10-foot animal?it is now$10 a foot for a 10-foot animal. The reason I have to draw the lineat 10 feet is nowadays when you are trying to purchase above a10-foot snake, you have to negotiate. They won't quote you priceson it. They will quote you up to a 10 foot and they are becomingrather rare in the wilds. So I can say we have increased from $2.50a creeping foot up to $10 up to 10 feet. From there on out, we haveto negotiate. I suspect a 10- to 15-foot python would run $300,maybe $400, and we would argue about who pays the transportationon it.The air freight rates, which of course is the safest and best methodof transporting animals nowadays, have increased 22 percent inzone 2, which is Europe and the Middle East, and 18 percent forzone 3, which is the Far East and Australia. This is the increasesthey have had during the past 10 years.In snakes, again, the smaller snakes, even they are increasingand we have a listing here of common South American boas, 7 foot,in 1957 was $17.50. In 1963, it has gone up to $25.There are many causes for this, not the least among them the factthat these animals are becoming extremely rare in the wilds due toman's encroachment upon their territory and taking of animal land,that is, native land, for farming and other uses, as well as man's con-tinued indiscriminate slaughter of wild animals.We at the National Zoological Park, while one of the largest zoos inthe Nation, among the top six, have the smallest animal acquisitionfund. I know for sure that New York has ordered $50,000 worth ofanimals, for which we have only $15,000 for everything.Philadelphia a few years ago put in an order for $30,000 worth ofanimals and this was considered a minor year. They didn't considerthey bought much that year.San Diego has at least five times as much money to spend everyyear and they have access to other animal money. So of the poorzoos in the United States, we are the poorest in our animal acquisitionmoney. We make up for it, of course, by working all sorts of anglesand trying to get as many gifts and free rides as we possibly can.SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHMr. Natcher. Now, Dr. Reed, under your scientific researchdepartment, you are requesting $63,748 and six positions. Here wehave an increase of $52,621 and five additional positions. We shallinsert page 20-17 in the record at this point.(The page follows:)
578Justification by activity and program
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateActivity and program Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
4. Scientific Research:Direct appropriation:A. Informationand educa- 1 $12, 531 1 $11, 127 14 $10, 08042,541 4 $21,207B. Research anddevelopment. 42,541Total, di-rect ap-propria- 1 12, 531 1 11, 127 5 52,621 6 63, 748
Activity of main object clas.s (direct appropriation only)
1963 obliga-tions (actual) Transfers 1964 adjusted(1965 base) Increase 1965 estimateObject class Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal Posi-tions Pro-gramtotal
Personnel compensation:Permanent positions.Deduct lapses 1 $7, 134444 1 $7, 5.5111 5 $38, 421 6 $45, 97211
1 6,6903.438 1 7,540 5 38, 421 6 45, 961Positions other than per-Other personnel compensa- 67 67Total personnel com- 10, 128403
2, 000
7, 6073203, 200 38, 4212,9866,0145,200
46, 0283,306Contractual services and sup-plies. . 9,2145,200( .12, 531 11, 127 52,621 63,748
First of all, I want you now to justify the increase of $10,080 andone additional position for the information and educational programs.Dr. Reed. Yes, sir. As you will recall, several years ago we weregranted one position here in this program for the making of signs.This program has been going along fairly well. A number of ourhouses have been signed. This past year, we put up some 700 newsigns throughout the zoo. We wish to increase the rate of sign pro-duction and also we have this one position, as I stated, and we arerequesting to increase it by one more so we may increase the numberof signs that we are putting out and also go into more educationalmaterial for our visitors.There are different types of signs and pamphlets for distribution toschoolchildren?we are trying to increase this program for our visitors.The bird house, of course, is coming up and we expect a lot of funsigning that because we hope to have a really remarkable group.
579RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMr. Natcher. Now, justify the increase of $42,541 and fouradditional positions for the research and development program.This is a new program. Is that correct?Dr. Reed. Yes, sir; this is a new program. We are requesting thisprogram which would consist of the four positions?a pathologist, aparasitologist, a technician, and a secretary.This is the basic medical investigational unit that would take overwhere the clinicians?we already have a clinical veterinarian?wouldtake over where he must leave off in the investigation of the diseaseconditions and processes that are taking place within our animalcollection.They would do all of the post mortem examinations, carry these totheir logical conclusions, coming up with a cause of death and recom-mendations as to how to prevent these, giving support to the clinicalveterinarian.The parasitologist, of course, would investigate one of the most,serious areas of disease processes we have in these animals?that is,the infestation of various types of parasites?and investigation ofdrugs. For instance, we have some remarkable drugs that have beendeveloped in the past few years on domestic animals and yet?intetracyn compounds and some of the compounds we are using inAfrica against the tsetse flies are wonderful. Some of the things Icouldn't do when I got out of school they are doing now with completeimpunity, except very often, when you use it on a snake, you kill thesnake before you kill the parasite. They have some weird and wonder-ful parasites, some mites in their lungs. We don't know the cycle ofthem, we don't know how to break the cycle, we don't know how totreat them. We don't know what to do about them. This is one ofthe areas we want to investigate.I realize, not many people are concerned about snakes, but this isone of our major concerns. We are dedicated to the proposition thatsnakes need assistance and need help and we need to know andinvestigate the diseases of snakes as well as, on the other hand, toinvestigate how they live, how they behave themselves and how bestwe can exhibit them.The technician, of course, would assist these two men in the routinepreparation of slides and materials that the pathologist could readand the secretary would take care of the reports, keep up the cor-respondence on an international level concerning these exhibits.There are, I believe, Moscow, London, Paris, and Philadelphia andSan Diego and Brookfield, Chicago, that have this type of unit set up.This is all there are in the world, so these people have to work togethervery closely who wish to establish this for the increase of our knowledgeabout the animals.Mr. Natcher. Dr. Reed, we want to thank you and the membersof your staff for an excellent presentation, and Mr. Bradley, the samefor you, and we are glad to have you appear before our committee.Thank you very much.
580 Tuesday, February 4, 1964.HEALTH AND WELFAREObject classification[In thousands of dollars]
1963 actual 1964 esti-mate 1965 estimate
11 Personnel compensation:Permanent positionsPositions other than permanentOther personnel compensationSubtotalDeduct portion paid from advancements and reimbursementsTotal personnel compensation12 Personnel benefits. .21 Travel and transportation of persons22 Transportat ion of things23 Rent, communications, and utilities24 Printing and reproduction .25 Other servicesServices of other agencies26 Supplies and materials31 Equipment.32 Lands and structures40 Grants and fixed charges41 Grants, subsidies, and contributionsSubtotalDeduct quarters and subsistence chargesTotal obligations
27.3268631,133
64.497
32,4124121,200
70, 525
36.3414721.07929, 323 34,026 37, 8931.647 3,228 4.20027. 676 30,797 33, 6921,969 2,283 2,500154 209 2251 3 3641 645 68559 71 7622. .560 23,567 23.864972 2,796 3,8204.443 4,926 5.017613 661 65942 2 o5.826 4,871 5.35764,919 70,831 75.901422 306 406
'5, 496Personnel summary
1963 actual 1964 esti-mate 1965 esti-mate
Total number of positions..Full-time equivalent of other positionsAverage number of all employeesEmployees in permanent positions, end of yearEmployees in other positions, end of year. . . .
.
Average OS gradeAverage OS salaryAverage salary of ungraded positions
6.1061065.4925,5901915.7$5. 779$3,695
6,517296,0286.104915.9$6, 128$3,834
6, 805346,5016,511925.9$6,217$3,876Program and financing[In thousands of dollars]
1963actual 1964estimate 1965estimateProgram by activities: 38942.40921.699 49844.41625,611 7222. Public health... 44,8473. Public welfare 29,92764.497191.397 70, 526 75.496Financing: 65, 913 70, 526 75,496Mr. Natcher. We will take up "Health and welfare," where theamount requested is $75,496,000 for fiscal year 1965, an increase of$5,338,153. We shall insert page 21 in the record at this point.