1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 525 NOTES ON TYPICAL SPECIMENS OF FISHES DESCRIBED BY CU-VIER AND VALENCIENNES AND PRESERVED IN THE MUSEED'HISTOIRE NATURELLE IN PARIS.By 0AVI0 STARR JORDAIV.The writer spent two weeks of the month of July, 1886, in the mu-seum at Paris, in the examination of the original types of species offishes described by Cuvier and Valenciennes. The most important ofthe notes thus made, with the conclusions to be drawn from them, aregiven in the present paper. A few notes on specimens in the BritishMuseum are also included.The writer wishes again to express his many obligations to Dr. L6onYaillant and to M. Alexandre Thomiuot, of the Mus^e d'Histoire Na-turelle, for assistance in his work as well as for many personal favors.1. Engraulis argyrophanus. (Cav. & Val., xxi, 49, 1848.)Five specimens in fair condition; length about .10^. "EquatorialOcean : Kiihl and Van Hasselt."Form resembling that of Stolephorus ringens. Body slender, not muchcompressed; the abdomen scarcely compressed and not serrate. Headslim and pointed, the snout much protruding. Teeth very small inboth jaws. Opercle short, 3 in head. Snout 5 in head. Eye, 4J. Gill-rakers very long. Caudal peduncle slender. Insertion of dorsal scarcelynearer caudal than snout. Ventral short, inserted before dorsal. Sidesof body abruptly silvery, the white band very wide, forming half thedepth of the fish.Head, 4 in length to base of caudal. Depth, 5f . Lat. 1. about 45.Anal rays, 1.16.These specimens agree with the types of Stolephorus eurystole fromWood's HoU, Mass., in all respects excepting the number of anal rays ? 1.16 in 8. argyrophanus and 1.18 in 8. eurystole.It is not likely that this will prove to be a constant difference, and itis probable that all belong to one species, which should stand as Sto-LEPHOEUS ARGYEOPHANUS (Cuv. & Val.). 2. Saurus synodus. (Cuv. &. Val., xxii, 477, 1849.)Two specimens in fair condition, the largest about .18? in length.Bahia : Blanchet.This is apparently a species distinct from all those indicated by Meek(Proc. Ac. Kat. Sci. Phila., 1884, 130).Top of head quite warty, marked with radiating and with crossstreaks of warts. Interorbital space concave, marked with small warts.Supraorbital with a conspicuous bony ridge. Palatine teeth long andslender, much slenderer than the teeth in the jaw and almost in oneseries. Eye of in head, snout 4. Maxillary If. Pectoral, 2^. Ven- 526 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM.tral l^^o. Head 3J in length, depth 7. Dorsal rays 1.11. Anal 1.8,its base being very short. Scales, 5 or 6-58-8.Body much mottled aud vermiculated with darker and crossed byabout 15 dark half-bands, which are turned a little forward. Headdotted. A very little dusky on the scapular region, but apparently nodistinct spot. Dorsal and anal somewhat mottled, the other fins plain.The Saurus gracilis from the Sandwich Islands (type examined : Quoyand Gaimard) is quite difi'erent from this, being pale in color, withhigh dorsal and the palatine teeth in two bands. It is, in fact, as Dr.Giinther has indicated, a species of Saurida.Saurus synodus agrees fairly with Giinther's description of the EastIndian Saurus varius. It is not impossible that it is the original Esoxsynodus of Linnseus, the scanty description of which agrees with it inthe small number of the anal rays. The Saurus intermedius of Si)ixagrees better with this species than with Synodus anolis in most respects,but in its number of anal rays (12) it corresponds better with the latter.The Sauriis atlantieus of Johnson agrees also in many respects with thisSaurus synodus.The specieacsdled Synodus intermedius by Poey (Enum. Pise. Cubens,1875, 143) and by Meek (Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1884, 133) is evi-dently not the original intermedius of Spix, and it is apparently as yetnameless. It may therefore stand as Synodus poeyi (sp. nov.), thespecimens described by Mr. Meek aud collected by myself in Havanabeing taken as its type.The nomenclature of these fishes is still in a confused condition,and until better series can be compared, the Saurus synodus of Cuv. &Yal. may stand under the oldest name supposed to belong to it, asSynodus sy'nodus (Linnaeus).The Southern range of Synodusfoetens is yet to be definitely ascertained.One or both of the West Indian names {ruber, longirosfrls), supposed tobelong to it, may have been intended for Synodus spixianus.Synodus saurus L. {Saurus griseus IjOwg= Saurus laeerta Guv. & Val.)is distinct from the American species, although allied to Synodus foetens.Scales 4-64-5, the cross series being fewer than in S. foetens.3. Fundulus fonticola. (Ciiv. & Val., xviii, 198, 1846.)One specimen in poor condition, .05?^ long, from Porto Rico ; P16e.A true Fundulus, the dorsal fin being inserted in front of the anal, andboth fins quite small. Teeth in a broad band, the outer considerablylarger and stout, but not long. Head broad, not very much depressed.Body plump, with long caudal peduncle. Colors entirely lost. Scales37.This larger specimen is apparently the type of the species. Thesmaller ones in the same bottle are apparently Gamhusias. D. 8 ; A. 9.Scales 33 J the dorsal inserted behind the anal.Tiie Fundulus being apparently a valid species, may still stand asFundulus fonticola. 1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 5274. Fundulus cingulatus. (Cuv. & Val., xviii, 197,1846.)One specimen in poor condition, .07?^. North America : Castelnau.A Zygonectes. Head broad and flat. Eye large, 3 in head. Distancefrom front of dorsal to caudal half the distance to front of eye. Teethrather strong. Caudal long. D. 7 ; A. 8. Scales about 33-10, but assome are lost, this count is uncertain. Head, 3f in length ; depth, 4^.Body crossed by (about 16) narrow cross-bands, which are quite dis-tinct, and narrower than the interspaces. Region below eye silvery ? not dark.This is evidently different from the Zygonectes cJirysotus Giinther, de-scribed by Jordan & Gilbert (Proc. U. S. Kat. Mus., 1882, 586) underthe name of Zygonectes cingulatus. The Hydrargyra lucice of Baird isprobably different from both. The Fundulus zonatus of C. & V. (notEsox zonatus Mitchill) may be this species, or, more likely, the veryclosely related Zygonectes zonifer Jordan and Meek, if indeed the latterprove to be different.In any case, the present species should stand as Zygonectes cingu-latus.In this connection I may note that Zygonectes notti Agassiz, recentlyrediscovered by Professor Hay (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1885, 557), seemsto be identical with Zygonectes craticula Goode & Bean.Zygonectes manni Hay, as already noticed by Dr. Bean, is my Heteran-dria ommata. It is not a Heterandria, nor apparently a Zygonectes. Theblack caudal spot which is found in all species of Eivulus would indi-cate its affinity to that genus, with which it agrees in external charac-ters. It may therefore be called provisionally Bivulus ommatus.5. Exocoetus melanurus. (Cuv. & Val., xix, 101, 1846.)Specimen somewhat shriveled; .27'" in length. New York: Milbert.Second ray of pectoral divided, the tirst more than half length of flu.Anal short, with 9 rays. Dorsal low. Head moderate, 4i in length.Eye 2| in head. Yentrals inserted at a point about midway betweenbase of caudal and eye. Pectorals reaching to or beyond last ray ofdorsal (the tips broken). Dorsal and ventrals pale. Pectorals plain,dusky behind. A black spot on lower side of caudal peduncle, its di-ameter f that of eye. This is undoubtedly not a natural color-mark, asit is not alike on the two sides of the tail. There is a hole in its center,and the flesh within the dark area is also black. The fish seems tohave been dried before being put into alcohol and it had doubtless beenhung up by a black string or a nail through this hole.As supposed by Jordan and Meek (Proc. U. S. HJat. Mus., 1885, 60),this is the species for which has been retained the name of ExoccetusHETERURUS.6. ExoccBtus volitans. (Cuv. &, Val., xix, 83, 1846. Not of L.)Specimen in good order ; .35? ; collected by Le Sueur; belongs to thesame species as the preceding. 528 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM. 7. Exocoetus gibbifrons. (Cuv. & Val., xix, 118, 1846.)Specimen .23"^ long, in fair condition. Atlantic Ocean : Dussumier.Second ray of pectoral simple, the first f length of the fin, whichreaches to middle of last dorsal ray; ventrals not reaching quite sofar. Insertion of ventrals midway between base of caudal (mesially)and back part of eye. Eye 3 in hea ofhead striated, with median groove and the vertex covered by skin.Folds of skin across preopercle, as in Tylosurus raphidoma. Body broad,but compressed, the sides a little flattened. Breadth of body f^ itsdepth, which is about equal to postorbital part of head. Keel on taildecidedly strong, stronger than in T. raphidoma, and black, the tailotherwise not much depressed.Scales small, green, about 210 before dorsal. Ventrals inserted mid-way between base of caudal (mesially) and middle of eye. Anal in-sertedjust a little before dorsal. Dorsal with its posterior rays elevated,especially in the smaller specimen; broken in the larger. D. 25; A. 22.This is doubtless identical with the Belone aUipinna of Poey, whichspecies may therefore stand as Tylosukus caeibb^us. Its distinc-tion from Tylosurus acus is questionable.12. Belone timucu. (Ciw. &, Val., xviii, 426, 1846.)One specimen in poor condition, .23?^ in length, from Cayenne. Aspecimen with the same label and belonging to the same species is inthe collection from Cuba ; Eamon de la Sagra.Body slender, little compressed, the caudal peduncle compressed, butwith the lateral line so prominent as fairly to constitute a keel. Beaklong and slender, the snout double the length of the rest of the head.Eye small, 3^ in postorbital part of head. Ventrals midway betweenbase of caudal and middle of opercle. D. 13 or 14, A. 15 or 16. Lat-eral baud more distinct than in T. marinus.It is not possible to say whether the original Timucu of Marcgrave(= Esox hrasiliensis L.) is the present species, or T. suhtrnncatus, or someProc. N. M. 86 34 DeeemSiee* S, I88?- 530 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM. other of the .slender ones. The uanie brasiiiemis should therefore bedisiegarded as unidentilied.This species seems to correspond to the "southern variety of Belonetruncata^^ {= TyIo,siirns warinii.s) mentioned by Dr. Giinther (vi, 245).The original description of Belone almcifla, Qnoy ?S: Gaimard, is whollyvalueless, but as its types were among the original types of B. timucu,C & v., and therefore presumably identical with the specimen notedabove, we may retain for this species or variety the name of TylosurusALMEIDA. ?The types of Belone cigoiicUa, ardeola, gerania^ and galeata, if exist-ing, cannot now be found in the Museum.13. Belone scolopacina. (Ouv. &. Val., xviii, 428, 184G.)Small specimens in bad condition from Rio de la Mana, Cayenne.Leschenault and Doumerc.These belong apparently to the species described by Dr. Giinther asBelone ttvniata. The i)Oor condition of the specimen has led Valenci-ennes to make a gross miscount of the tin-rays, the dorsal having ai)pa-rently 20 rays, at any rate more than 25, and the anal apparently 25,certainly uiore than 20. Valenciennes says, " J>. 14, A. 17." The Be-lone guianensis Schombnrgk is said by Steindachuer to be the same asthe Belone tccniata. As this name (1842) has priority over that of scol-opacina the species may stand as Potamorrhaphis GtUianensis.14. Atheriiia martinica. ((.'uv. & Viil.. x, 45t>, is:?').)Three specimens in fair condition from IMartinique ; Plee.A sijecies of Men idia.Scales strongly laciniate. Soft dorsal and anal naked (possibly scalyin life? ). Teeth rather strong. Pectorals long, extending past base ofventrals. Eye large, as long as snout, 3^- in head. nead4|- in length;depth, 5^. D. V-1, 7; A. 1, 21. Scales, 43.This species is very close to Menidia laciniata Swain, and may proveto be the same. It should stand as Menidia martinica.15. Atherina boscii. (Cuv. & Vul., x, 465, 1835.) "Etat.s-Unis"5 LeConte.Scales entire; anal fin scaleless. Body comparatively elongate.Teeth strerug. Insertion of spinous dorsal midway between front ofeye and upper base of caudal.Head 4t in length ; depth G. D. IV-1, 8 ; A. 1, 26. Scales 43.This agrees entirely' with a specimen before us from Beaufort, NorthCarolina, belonging to the species called by me Menidia menidia.16. Mugil brasiliensis A-russiz.The figure given of this si)ecies by Agassiz (iu Spix Pise. Brasil, tab.72) agrees rather with Mugil liza C. & V. than with Mugil tricliodonPoey, in color and in size. The anal tin is represented as scaly, whichit is not in Mugil liza. \\'eare infornuHl, however, by Dr. Spangenberg 1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 531 that, tlie anal fin is dried down in the type, and this character of theanal may have been taken frotii the other specimens* examined byAgassiz, as may also have been the description of the teeth, which areshown larger than in M. liza. The scales in the figure are 35, thedepth 4| in the length?both characters agreeing with M. liza. Forthese reasons I regard our former identificatiou of Mugil hrasUiensisAgassiz with Mugil trichodon Poey as erroneous, and I now considerMiigil liza Cuv. & V"al. (?Mugil lehranchus Poey) as the original MugilBRASiLiENSis Agassiz.17. Caranx bartholomaei. (Cuv. & Val., ix, 100, 1833.)One example, 14'" in length, from St. Bartholomew Island.As supposed byus,(Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., 1884, 33), this is fullyidentical with the Cibi amarillo of the Havana markets, the Caranxcihi of Poey and Caranx heani of Jordan. It has about 28 plates onits lateral line, besides some six smaller scales. It should stand as Car-anx BAETHOLOMiEI.18. Caranx sexfasciatus. Quoy & Gaimard (Zool. Voy. Freycinet Poiss., 358, pi.65, f. 4, 18-24.)This species has been regarded as the young of Caranx latus Agassiz[? Cfallax C. & v.), and I have lately adopted the name sexfasciatusas a substitute for the latter.The name is based on a very poor drawing of the very young of someCaranx., said to be from Papua. The figure shows the dorsal and analscarcely falcate. D. 22, A. 19; plates about 22. The drawing may rep-resent a young latus, or it may not, and the name sexfasciatus should beregarded as nnidentifiable. The Scoynher Jdeini of Bloch is still lesslikely to be this fish, which may therefore still stand as Caranx latusAgassiz.19. Trachinotus argenteus. (Cuv. & Val., viii, 413, 1831.)Specimen .32"^ in length ; America; D. 25, A. 23. Body a littledeeper depth 2^^^ (instead of 2f ) than in the ordinary Pompano, whichit otherwise entirely resembles. It may stand as Trachinotus caro-LINUS.20. Trachinotus cayennensis. (Cuv. & Val,, viii, 417, 1831.)Very young specimen in poor condition, .06? long, from Cayenne.Form of TracJiinotus ovatus, the body very deep, the snout short andvery blunt. Dorsal lobe (in young) 2 in head. Eye very large ; pre-opercle with strong spines. Depth of body 2 in length. D. 27, A. 20.Fins all pale. Apparently a valid species, distinguished from Trachin-otus ovatus by its numerous fin-rays. It will stand as TrachinotusCAYENNENSIS.21. Trachinotus paitensis. (Cuv. & Val., viii, 438, 1831.)Specimen in poor condition ; .07?^ long ; from Paita, Peru.*See Jordau & Swain, Proc. U. S.Nat. Mus., 1884, 270. 532 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM.Different from T. cayennensis, having the more elongate form of T.rhodopufi. Fins low, but higlier than in T. cai/enneiisis, the dorsal lobeblack, its length about half head. Snout low, bluntish at tip. Depth2^ in length. D. 28, A. 27. A valid species, apparently distinguishedby the large number of fin-rays. It may stand as Trachinotus paITENSIS.22. Seriola rivoliana. (Cuv. & Val., ix,207, 1833).In fair condition, .25 '" long; from the Greek Archipelago.Form elliptical, compressed, the nape not very sharp; caudal keelweak. Snout blunt, compressed, not conical. Head a little longer thandeep, 34 in length; depth, S^V. Maxillary reaching to near middle ofpupil, 2| in head; snout 3 in head. Dorsal lobe, 4| in length of body,If in depth, If in length of head, 2| in base of tin. D. 1, 29, A. 1, 20.A dark baud from eye to soft dorsal; the body otherwise plain.This agrees almost perfectly with a specimen about a foot in lengthfrom Pensacola. There is no doubt, I think, of the identity of Seriolafalcata^ bonaricnsis, and rivoliana. Unless, as is probable, Seriola fas- 'data (Bloch) is the young of the same species, it may stand as SeriolalllVOLIANA.23. Serranus undulosus. (Cuv. ?fcVal., ii, 295, 1823).Small specimens (.08 '^'),m poor condition.Brazil: Delalande.These have many gill-rakers, large scales, the preopercle with salientangle, and the caudal subtruncate. They belong to the species calledby us Mycteroperca scirenga.24. Serranus niveatus.A specimen a foot long (not type), collected at Rio Janeiro by Jobert.This agrees with the description of Jordan & Swain (Proc. U. S. Nat.Mus., 1884, 386) except iu color. There is no blotch on back of tail.The soft parts of the vertical fins are largely dusky with narrow pale,edge. Moustache on maxillary very distinct; body with irregularlyscattered pearly spots; breast plain. This specimen probably repre-sents the transition from the young {niveatus) to the adult {Jlavolimhatus).25. Centropristes atrobranchus. (Cuv. & Val., iii, 45, 1829.)Brazil: Delalande.Allied to Serranus phwbe, but well separated by the color. A largeinky black blotch on inside of opercle, just behind the pseudobranchiaeand parallel with them, extending also on membranes of shoulder-girdle;about six dark vertical bands on sides, the second extending as a jet-bliick blotch on the spinous dorsal from the fourth to the ninth spine.Base of soft dorsal dark; upper part pale, as is also the anal and caudal.Preorbital and maxillary narrow, the maxillary 2| in head. Teeth :small; eye large, 3 in head, longer tlian the short snout, which is 4J iu ]head.. Head, 3 in length; depth, 3. Dorsal spines rather high, notfilamentous; solt dorsal not scaly; a notch between spinous and soft 1885.] PROCEEDINGS OF mUTED 8TATES NATlOxVAL MUSEUM t)3:^parts of dorsal; caudal well forked; secoud anal spiue small, butlarger than third, 3^ in head. Scales large aud regular, 3-47-11. Thisspecies may stand as Serranus atrobranchus.26. Ceutropristes brasiliensis. (Barneville, Rev. Zool., 1847,1:31.)Type, .095"', from Bahia, received in exchange from the Museum ofGeneva.This is very close to Serranus dispilurus, if really different. ' It hasthe same form, and same coloration of caudal and anal fin and of theregion above and before the latter. The dusky blotch below the spinousdorsal and above the white pre anal blotch is a little more conspicuousthan in Peusacola specimens, aud the dark blotch on and below firstsoft rays of dorsal is less so. There is, however, little, if any doubt, ofthe identity of this species with C. dispilurus Giinther, and G. suhliga-rius Cope. It may stand as Serranus brasiliensis.27. Centropristes rufus. (Cuv. &. Val., iii, 47.)Two specimens in fair condition, from Martinique : Pl^e.This resembles very closely Serranus atrarms in all respects, the onlydifference that I can detect being that the caudal fin is quite regularlyrounded instead of trilobate. Color uniform dark?in alcohol. Fourthdorsal spine longest, 2 in head. Scales, 5-50-13. Eye, 4^ in head.Pectorals extending beyond ventrals, 1^ in head. It will probably proveto be a variety of Serranus atrarius, but for the present it may stand asSerranus rufus.28. Aylopon martinicensis. (Guiclieuot, Index, Geu. et. Spec. Autliiadidornm,p. (i.)Four specimens, the largest 13"^, from Martinique: B^langer.A true Anthias, the maxillary broad and provided with 5 or 6 rowsof large scales. Head very blunt aud short. Eye 3 in head ; snout 5 ; maxillary 2^; mouth very oblique, the lower jaw projecting; no supple-mental maxillary. Head above closely scaled; tongue with a baud ofvdliform teeth; two canines in front of upper jaw on each side, the an-terior turned forward, the posterior downward and backward; three ca-nines on each side of front of lower jaw, the anterior directed forwardand outward, the posterior two upward and backward. No lateral ca-nines and no depressible teeth in either jaw. Preopercle finely serrate,and with coarser teeth at the angle, as in Anthias vivanus. Five rows oflarge scales on the cheek. Gill rakers slender and very long.Scales large, 4-35-14; lateral line running high; scales'' on breastlarge.Third dorsal spine elevated, 1^ times height of the next, U in head;soft dorsal moderate; caudal lunate; anal rather high, its second andthird spines moderate, subequal; pectorals rather long, as long as head ; ventrals If in head ; head 3^ in length; depth 2f.This species seems to be distinct from Anthias asperilinguis andAnthias vivanns. It may stand as Anthias martinicensis. 534 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM.29. Mesoprion cyanopterus. (Cnv. and V;il., ii, 472, 1828.)One specirueu iu fair condition, .-7'" ionj-'; Brazil: Delalande.This agrees with Lu*janus cubera Poey, in all respects except thatthe axil of the pectoral is black ou one side of the specimen and faintlybrownish on tlie other. This color mark may perhaps be fallacious, ordisappearing with age, as we have seen no cnbera so small as the typeof cyanopterus, 1 was unable to find the dried skin which was the typeoi Mesoprion paryus^ but it is probably identical with the present si)e-cies. As the name cyanopterus is prior to pfirgns^ canina, cubera, or clenta-ttis, this species may stand as Lutjakus cyanopterus.30. Mesoprion litura. (Cnv. & V;xl.,ii,467. ) Cayenne: Poiteau.As already supposed by Jordan & Swain, this is Lutjanus JOCU.s31. Mesoprion flavescens. (Cuv. & Val.,ii,472.)Martinique: Plee.This is Lutjanus caxis.82. Mesoprion linea. (Cuv. & Val.,ii,468.)Havana: Poey.This is also Lutjanus caxis.33. Mesoprion niahogoni. (Cuv. &. VaL, ii,447.)Young specimens in rather poor condition. Martinique: Plee. Alsosimilar specimens from Cuba : Desmarest.These are, as supposed by Jordan & Swain, identical with Lutjanusojanco Poey, which species should stand as Lutjanus mahogoni.34. Mesoprion ricardi. (Cuv. & Val.,ii,448.)This specimen is also the young of Lutjanus mahogoni.35. Mesoprion cynodon. (Cuv. & VaL, 11, 465.)3Iartinique : P16e.This is a large example of Lutjanus caxis.36. Lutjanus dentatus Dnai^ril. ("A Dnmt^ril, Archlv. du Mus., T. 10, 245.")Brazil : Delalande. S])ecimen .35"^ long.This is the young of Lutjanus cubera. Axil dusky. It should standas Lutjanus cyanopterus.37. Mesoprion vivanus. (Cuv. & VaL, 11, 454.)Three specimens: the largest, .19"' long; the others, .10?.The largest of these specimens has the dark lateral spot obscure ; the depth 2| in length, equal to length of head. Maxillary 2J in head.Dorsal rays X, 13 (not X, 14, as usual in L. aya). Anal fin lower thanusual in L. aya, its longest rays about half head. Iu spite of certainsmall differences, I still hold my opinion that these specimens are theyoung of our common lied Snapper, which 1 call Lutjanus aya. 1886.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. ij>?)iy38. Aprion virescens. (Ciiv. & V:i!., vi, .'4?, 1830.)Tbis species is fully coiijueneric with the Americau ApHon (or Platylni'us) macrophfhalmus. i( has the same form of head, the vertex andiuterorbital area being perfectly flat. The body is more slender (depth4) than in Aprion macrophthalmus, the teeth a little stronger, and thepreorbital broader, 6 in head.39. Apsllus fuscus. (Ciiv. & Val., vi, 548.)This is fully congeneric with the American Apsilus {Tropidinius) den-tatus. It has the same form of the skull, but the body is slenderer (depth3 in length), the teeth smaller, and the.caudal lobes more pointed. Thegeneric name Tropidinius is therefore a synonym oi Apsilus as Platyiniusis of Aprion. (See Jordan & Swain, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,1884, 4G5.)40. Haemulon canna. (Co v. & Val., v, 2:>3, 1830 ; not. of Agassiz, 1829.)A specimen of 20*' long. Martinique: Plee.This is the Ha^mulon parrcv of Jordan and Swain, as Dr. Giiuther hassupposed, and it should stand as H^i^mulon bonariensb. *1. Hasmulon canna. (Agassiz, Spis. Pisf., Brazil, 1829, 130, pi. 69.)A careful recomparison of Agassiz's description and figure of Hccmv-lon canna, with diflt'ereut species of Hwrniuon, leads me to the conclu-sion that it can be no species other than the Hatnulo7i acutum. Thisuse of the name canna (by Agassiz in 1829) is pi-ior to its use by Cuv.& Val. (in 1830) for another species. The species of Agassiz may standas H^MULON PARRA.Agassiz's Ra'niulon sehranki I must still regard as unidentifiable,though it most resembles Hcvmulon steindachneri., from which it wouldappear to differ in color and in the v^ery small size of the anal fin?bothvery doubtful characters.42. Haemulon caudimacula. (Cut. & Val., v. 236.)Specimen of .12'". Brazil : Delalande,This is the young of the species called by us Hmmulon acutum.The name Hivmnlon caudimacula., hov^ ever, first appears in the EegneAnimal, where it is based, without description, on the scarcely identi-fiable Uribaco of Marcgrave and the Diabasis parra of Desmarest.The name Rwmnlon eaudimacxila Cuvier, becomes thus either un-identifiable or else a a synonym of Hwmulon parra.The Diabasis parra is itself not very satisfactory. The rough figuregiven by Desmarest, as well as his description, best fit the Haemulonacutum., and we have the statement of Cuvier & Valenciennes thatDesmarest's fish does not seem to differ from their cavdimacnla fromBrazil, which is acutum. They do not, however, say whether they haveexamined Desmarest's type or not.Dr. Sauvage, however (Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 1881, 322), gives anaccount of a specimen in the Museum at Paris, said to be a type ofDesmarest as well as Cuvier & Valenciennes. This descrintion is not 536 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM. very explicit, but tli<* coloration seems best to represent tlie specieswith contiuiious stripes, the H. honanensc ofCuv. & Val. This speci-meu I failed to find when in Paris.Since the above was in type, M. Thouiinot informs nie that he hasfound this specimen, and that in the direction of its scales, as well asin other chaiacters, it agrees with the Mccmulon chromis C. & V., notwith Hcvmulon bonariense. The iJiabasis parra Desmarest is thereforeidentical with Hivmulon acxtum Poey. The earliest certain name for thepresent species [ovntvm) is therefore HiEMULON parra Desmarest.43. Haemulon xanthopteroii.I failed to tiud the type of this species. A specimen from Bahia,labelled Hamulon xaiifhopfenon, belongs to the species called Hcemu-Ion aciiUnn, the H(cmulon parra of this paper.44. Hcemulon bonarieiise. (Ciiv. & Yal., v, 2;M, 18:50.)A small specimen (.15"") from Buenos Ayres: Baillou.This is the Ha'miilon parrw of Jordan and Swain, having the seriesof scales from the scapular scale extending to the front of the seconddorsal, and the color marks on the scales forming continuous stripes.As this species is not tlu^ original T>iahash imrra. it may stand asHAMULON BOTs^AElENSE.45. Haemulon maciostonia. (Giintber i, 308.)Specimens from St. Croix (Stephens) and irom Bermuda (Jones) la-belled Ifammlon ntacrostoma, in the British Museum, belong to theHa'miilon carhonarium of Poey. It is, however, not probable that theoriginal t3'i)e?a dried skin from Jamaica?belonged to this species, asthe original description agrees neither with //. earhonarinm nor withH. /remehundum .46. Haemulon chromis. (Cnv. &. Val., v, 242, 18:50.)Specimen in poor order, 17"'; Jamaica; irom the faculty of Mont-pelier.This is a veiy pale specimen {alhidwn Poey) of the si)ecies calledHcemidon actitum, by Jordan & Swain.It should stany Jordau & Gilbert (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., 1884, 20),this is the young of Calamus bajonado.49. Calamus microps. (Gniclienot, in Rau)on de la Sagra, Hist. Guitar, 188, tab. 8,fig. 1.)Specimen in fair condition, .3U'" long, from Cuba; liamon de laSagra.Very close to Cahr.uuu iicnna, ;'r.;m which it may be distinguished bythe very small size of liic eye, which is 4i in head. Canines small,irregular, about j| on each side. Preorbital breadth 2:] in head. Max-illary 2i in head. Depth of body 2^ in length. Form of Calamus * Hwmulon Mans Haly (Ann. Nat. Hist., Irt75,xv, 268), from Bahia, was overlookedin our review of this geuns. The scanty original description does not distinguish itfrom H. sciui'us. The following is the original description of Ho'.inulon Mans:"D. if. A. f. L. lat. .iO, L. transv. -I\." The height of the body equals the length of the head, and is contained threetimes and a half in tije total. The snout is of moderate length, rather longer thanthe eye, which is contained three times and a half in the length of the head. Thecleft of the mouth is very wide, the maxillary reaching to the vertical from the centerof the eye. Pra?operculum with the posterior limb nearly vertical, obtusely dentic-ulated, the deuticulations somewhat stronger at the angle. Dorsal deeply notched ;the fourth spine longest, nearly half the length of the head, the last spine longerthan the eleventh. Caudal forked. Second anal spine stronger but scarcely longerthan the third, as long as the sixth dorsal spine. Pectoral one-fifth of the totallength. The fish appears to have been longitudinally striped."Two specimens in spirits from Bahia, and a young stuffed specimen from the samelocality. The adults are 7| inches long." 508 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MtTSEUM.peuna, tbe back with a regular arch. Ventrals dusky. A dark spot iuaxil of pectoral, as in C.jjenna. Scales 49.This species may be distinct, but it will probably be found insepara-ble from Calamus penna.50. Sargus argenteus. (Cuv. & Val., vi, 60.)Specimen from Brazil; Delalande; .15'".Tliis is identical with the )S'?/7/?s caudimacula of Poey, a species dis-tinct from the Diplodus Jiolhrooki of Bean.]3epth 2 in length ; scales 8-70-16.Little or no black on opercular membranes.A specimen of this species fron Saint Augustine, Fla., was sent tothe museum of the Indiana University by Mr. W. P. Shannon. Thisis the lirst I'ecord of its occurrence on the United States coast.The s{)ecies should stand as Diplodus argenteus.51. Sargus ascensionis. (Cny. & Val., vi, 61.)Ascension Island ; Quoy & Gaimard ; .30"'.The type of this species much resembles Diplodus Jiolhrooli.Depth 2^ to 2f in length ; scales 8-61-16.Anterior profile steep. Black on the opercular membranes. Axildusky. No cross-bands. Dorsal, anal, and ventrals somewhat dart.Anterior profile steep, the dorsal outline being more angular than in J).argenteus^ the ventral outline less so. It should stand as DiplodusASOENSIONIS.52. Sargus flavolineatus. (Cuv. & Val., vi, 60.)San lago de Cuba; Clioris; .26'" in length, in bad condition.Teeth broad and scarcely notclied. Incisors '?{. Procmnbent dorsalspine scarcely evident. Second anal spine rery strong, much largerand longer than third. >Head 3^ in length ; depth 2 Jj.Longest dorsal spine 1^ iu head.D. XIII, 11. A. Hi, 9. Scales 7-45-14.This species is very close to Diplodus unimaeulatus, but it seems to bedistinct, having the body deeper than in the latter. It should stand asDiplodus flavolineatus.This species occurs in abundance at Key West, but the true Diplodusunimaeulatus has not yet been definitely recorded from the coast of theUnited States.53. Sargus aries. (Cuv. & Val., vi, HS, 1830.)Specimen .30? long, from Brazil ; Delalande.This is very close to Diplodus prohatocephalus^ with seven dark cross-bands, similar in position to those of the latter species. The teeth are,however, distinctly narrower, the width of one being about two-fifthsits height, from the gums. Spines strong, the longest dorsal spine 1? inhead. Second anal spine If. Procumbent spine before dorsal present. 1886.] PROCEEblNGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 530Head 3^ in length ; depth 2. D. XII, 12. A. Ill, 10. Scales 7-44-14.Scales on breast small.The species may stand as Diplodus aries.54. Sargus lineatus. (Cnv. & Val., vi, 59.)Dried skin, .30'" long, from the "Cabinet de Lisbonne."Four or five narrow black cross-bars, as wide as pupil; a black blotchon back of candal ; apparently some black on opercle. Bodj' deep, thedepth 2^ in length ; second anal spine longest and strongest, 2^ in head.Profile steep; snout 3 in head. Incisors broad, |. Scales on breastlarge. D. XII, 13.The species is unknown to me, and the type, in poor condition, fromunknown locality, should not have received a name.55. Sargus fasciatus. (Cuv. & Val., vi, 59.)Dried skin, .35? long, from the "Cabinet de Lisbonne."Bodj- more elongate. Color now entirely faded. Incisors very nar-row, entire, f. Snout sharp, rather long, 2i in head, forming an angleabove eye. Second and third anal spines subequal. Scales about 45.A species of Diplodus, otherwise unknown to me, and not in fit condi-tion for description.56. Upeneus martinicus. (Cuv. & Val., iii, 483, 1829.)Martinique; Garnot.As supposed by Hall & McCaughan (Proc. Ac. Xat. Sci. Phila , 1885, 154), this species is identical with the Upeneus balteatus C. & V.and Upeneus flavovittatus Foey . The UpeQieus parvus ofPoey, includedby Hall & McCaughan in the synonymy of U. martinicus, is probablydifferent.The species may stand as Upeneus martinicus.57. Umbrina martiiiicensis. (Cuv. & Val., v, 186.)Two specimens, .24? long, from Martinique; Plee.Color plain, the lower lobe of caudal not black. Snout bluntish, 3Jin head, projecting beyond premaxillary for two-ninths its length.Maxillary 3 in head, reaching a little beyond front of eye. Posteriornostril narrow-ovate, rather large. Outer teeth above moderately en-larged. Gill-rakers very small, tubercle-like. Eye 5^ in head. Head3|- in length ; depth 4. D. X-I, 25. A. I, 8. Lateral line with 55pjres. Scales on breast large, irregular. Lower lobe of caudal thelonger.This species is very close to Menticirrus alhurnus, but api)arentlysomewhat different. It may stand as Menticirrus martinicensis.58. Umbrina gracilis. (Cuv. &, Val., v, 189.)A Stuffed skin in alcohol (Brazil ; Aug. St. Hilaire), its apparent slen-derness of form being due to distortion. It belongs to the species abovenoted as Menticirrus martinicensis. 540 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM.59. Otolithus guatucupa. (Ciiv. & Val., v, 75.)Two specimens (.45?'); MonteviS. ccelestinus. No canines.Forehead not very fleshy (young). Caudal with its lobes exserted for ^ to i their length. Dorsal, anal, and ventrals less produced than inthe type of Scarus ccelestinus. Scales on cheeks in two rows. Head, 3|in length ; depth, 3^. Teeth faded, but still partly green.This is the Guacamaia of Parra, the Scarus guacamaia of Cuvier, butnot of Cuv. and Val. It may stand as Calliodon guacamaia.77. Gobius banana. (Cuv. ?& Val., xii, 103.)In bad condition; .14'" long; from San Domingo. Ricord.This is identical with the species called by Poey, Bhinogohius huccu-lentils, and by us Chonophorus taiasica.78. Gobius martinicus. (Cuv. & Val., xii, 105.)Larger specimens (?20'"), from Martinique. Garnot. They belongalso to Chonophoeus taiasica.79. Gobius flavuis. (Cuv. & Val., xii, 60.)Specimens, .075"^ long, from Surinam. Dieperiug.This is a species of Chonophorus, with fleshy appendages on theshoulder-girdle. Color fiided, the tins all pale. Body plumper, the eyelarger, and snout shorter than in Gh. taiasica. Scales also larger. 544 TYPES OF FISHES IN PARIS MUSEUM.Mouth similar in form, but the lower Jaw more flat. Teeth small; thoseof the outer row above enlarged; maxillary extending to middle of eye,2^ in head. Eye, 4 in head, about as long as snout ; scales 53, lesscrowded forward than in Ch. Uiiasica; 21 before the dorsal on the nape.Head, 4 in length ; depth, ^. D. VI? 1, 12, A. 1, 10.This species may stand as Chonophorus flavus.80. Gobi.us brasiliensis. (Cnv. & Val., xii, 121.)Specimen .50'" long, in veiy bad condition. Martinique. P16e.This is a specimen of Gobioides broussonneti.81. Eleotris sima. (Cuv. & Val., xii, 2;>2. ) Two specimens in poor order, irom Vera Cruz, .09'" long.Snout a little more steep and convex than usual in JDormitafnr macu-latHs. Head, 3^ in length; deptli, ;i|. Eye, 4^ in head. D, VII-0, A,11. Scales, 31-11. Softdorsal very high, with round black spots. Cau-dal and anal plain. This seems to be inseparable from DormitatokMACULATUS.82. Eleotris grandisquama. (Cnv. & Val., xii, 229.)One specimen in fair condition, .14'" long, from "Am^rique M6ridion-ale?"Head slenderer than in D. maculatus, and much depressed ; its depthat the eyes less than its width, which is less than that of body. An-terior profile almost concave. Caudal fin large; other fins moderate.D, VI-9, A, 1, 9. Scales about 29-11. A few dusky spots on dorsaland anal.A valid species, though probably not North American. It may standas DORMITATOR GRANDISQUAMA.83. Blennius pantherinus. (Cuv. &, Val., xi, 262.)A specimen in good condition. Brazil. Gaudichaud.A true Blennius, with fringed cirri over eyes and stout canines inboth jaws. Gill membranes free from isthmus. Dorsal fin continuous;the spines not very dissimilar from the soft rays. D, XI, 21, A, 22.Body freckled with blackish in coar.se pattern. It may stand as Blen-nius PANTHERINUS.84. Prionotus punctatus. (Cuv. & Val., iv., 93.)Specimen .20'" long, from Bahia. Castelnau.Head large, 2^ in length ; depth 2|. Eye, 6 in head. Interorbitalspace rather broad and deep, nearly equal to eye. Maxillary 2^ inhead. A spine on each bone from side of snout to preopercle, the lat-ter having two. Sculpture on bones of head^very conspicuous. Aslight cross-furrow behind eye. Pre-ocular and post ocular spines con-spicuous. Gill-rakers, about 10 ; the upper rather long and slender.Pectoral 2^ in body, reaching middle of soft dorsal. Third dorsalspine longest, 2?- in head ; anterior edge of tir^t spine smooth. Caud;iltruncate, scarcely enmrginate when closed, Soft dorsal rather high, 2^ 1886.] PEOCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 545 ill head. Both dorsals faintly spotted, the spot behiud the fourth spinediffuse and faint. Caudal with bars of spots. Back obscurely spotted.Pectorals blackish and clouded. A whitish area on back betweendorsals.This seems to be the species usually called Peionotus punctatus.There is also a specimen in the Museum, labeled, apparently in thehandwriting of Valenciennes : "Triglapiinctatanohis, Bl.,253. Tr. caroZiwa, Bl.,2.52. Pr/o?o/?8 cvc7a?sLac^p. Buhiovolador Pdrra, tab. 38, du Br6sil. Quoy et Gaimard, exp'u Frej'ciuet."This specimen, .25? long, in good condition, is of the same species asthe one described above. Longest dorsal spine 2^ in head. Pores inlateral line 85 to yO.85. Scorpaena scrofiua. (Cuv. & Val. ix, 465.)Specimen .21? long, from Brazil. Gay.Color in spirits pale (red ?), marked only with numerous round blackspots on head, dorsal, caudal, anal, and pectorals ; a few on body. Axilwhitish, with some whiter spots ; a row of 6 dark spots from aboveaxil to anal, not in a straight line. Spots largest and most distinct onpectorals and caudal, where they form irregular bands.Occipital pit deep, broader than long; spines on head high andsharp ; four over eye, two behind occipital pit, two on temporal region,and two behind these. Suborbital stay strong, with 4 or 5 spines. Nocoronal spines. Cirrus over eye low, about as long as pupil. Gill-rakers very small and short. Opercle scaled ; some scales on cheeks.Breast scaly ; scales large ; some of them provided with tlaps. About31 pores in the lateral line. Second anal spine longest, 2^ in head.Third dorsal spine 2|. D. XII, 9.This seems to be a valid species, allied to Scorpcena grandicornis. Itmay stand as Scorp-^na scrofina.86. Scorpaena brasiliensis. (Cuv. & Val., iv, 305.)A dried skin, .22? long, from Brazil. .Delalande.The color is faded, but otherwise, so far as I can see, this specimenagrees with the species from Florida, heretofore called by us SCORP^NABRASILIENSIS.87. Scorpaena inermis. (Cuv. & Val., iv, 311.)A small specimen from Martinique. Kicord.Spines on top of head all low and smooth ; no occipital pit ; no cirrusabove eye ; suborbital stay strong. Lowest spines of preopercle di-rected a little forward ; breast scaly.Color brownish and mottled, much as in *S'. hrasilicnsis. Axil pale.Three dark bands on caudal. A dark band across head behind eye.This is probably identical with S. occipitalis Poey and S. calcarataGoode & Bean, in which case it should stand as Sookp^^na inermis.Proc. N. M. 86?35 JaiiSias'Y S?, 1887. 546 TYPES OF FISHES IN PAKIS MUSEUM.88. Batrachus cryptocentrus. (Cuv. & Val., xii, 485.)A specimen, .35? long, from Bahia. Mus6e de Greneve.Color mottled-brown, apparently without spots. Dorsal spines nearlyhidden in the loose skin. No foramen in axil, but the skin of the axilcovered with small parallel folds of skin, which are occasionally con-nected by cross-folds. Spines of head nearly hidden. Teeth short andvery blunt. Eays of dorsal and anal enveloped in skin, and not easilycounted ; 28 to 30 soft rays in the dorsal and 22 to 24 in the anal. Cir-rus over eye conspicuous.This is a valid species, and, with B. grunniens, B. diemensiSy and otherspecies without foramen in the axil, it should probably constitute a newgenus. This genus may receive the name of Maecgravia, in tardyrecognition of the work of the original discoverer of the species, GeorgMarcgrav, of Liebstad, author of the "Historia Rerum NaturaliumBrasiliae" (1648), and one of the ablest of the early writers on Ameri-can natural history. The species may stand as MarcGtRAVIA cryp-TOCENTKA.Indiana University, October 2, 1886.