DESCRIPTIO:^S OF TWENTY-TWO NEW SPECIES OF FISHESCOLLECTED BY THE STEAMER ALBATROSS, OF THEUNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. By Charles Henry Gilbert,Professor of Zoology, Leland Stanford Junior University. In the study of tke different collections of fishes from the Alhatrossexplorations, by Doctor Jordan and the writer, certain aberrant si)ec-imens have been set aside for further comparison. All these specimenshave been lately reexamined, and among them 14 species are foundwhich seem to be new to science. These species are here described,each in the name of the person responsible for the determination andthe description: List of specii's described.1. Tachysurits lirojjus, S. B. Bristol. Saa Juan Lagoou, Souora, Mexico.2. Netuma insularum, Flora Hartley Greene. Galapagos Arcliipelago.3. Lenresthes crameri, Jordan and Evermann. Ballenas Bay, Lower California.4. Aliigil thoburni, Jordan and Starks. Galapagos Archipelago.5. Myripristis clarionensis, Gilbert. Clarion Island.6. Ceniropomus constantinus, Jordan and Starks. Bahia, Brazil.7. Epinephelus niphohles, Gilbert and Starks. Magdaleua Bay, Lower California.8. O) thopristis forbesi, Jordan and Starks. Galapagos Archip_elago.9. Ophioscion strabo, Gilbert. San Juan Lagoon, Sonora, Mexico.10. Holacantlius iodocus, Jordan and Rntter. Galapagos Arcliipelago.11. Xesurits clarionis, Gilbert and Starks. Clarion Island, Mexico.12. Scorpama pannosa, Cramer. Panama.13. Sebastodes scmicinctus, Gilbert. Santa Barbara Channel, California.14. Sebastodes ayresii, Gilbert and Cramer. Cortez Banks, Mexico.15. Sebastodes crameri, Jordan. Coast of Oregon.16. Prionotus loxias, Jordan. Bay of Panama.17. Jstroscopus sephyrius, Gilbert and Starks. Magdalena Bay, Lower California.18. Emmnionbristolw, Jordan. Galapagos Archipelago. (Emmnion, new genus.)19. Z7imco7a sancto-roscB, Gilbert and Starks. Santa Cruz Island, California. (Ulvi-COLA, new genus.)20. Emblemaria oculocirris, Jordan. La Paz Harbor.21. Lepidion verecundum, Jordan and Cramer. Clarion Island.22. Paralichthys woolmanni, Jordan and Williams. Galapagos Archipelago.t ! ~- ?Proceedings U. S. National Museum, No. XIX?No. 1115. 438 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GlLIiERT. vol. xix.Family SILUEID.E.TACHYSURUS LIROPUS, S. B. Bristol, new species.Allied to Tachysurus melanopns (Giinther).Head 33 to 3^; depth 4f to 5-^^; dorsal I, 0; anal 2, 1!); pectorals I,9 or 10.liody elongate, its width anteriorly a little less than depth; the pos-terior portion much compressed; the back elevated at front of dorsal;anterior i)rohle from front of dorsal to tip of snout oblique. Head flat,very broad, its width 1^ in its length. Snout broad, rounded, l-^V to1^ in interorbital width. Eye rather large, laterally i)laced, its widtliabout If in its length, 4^ to 4-1%- in head. Mouth small, upper jaw con-siderably projecting, its breadth 2f to 3 in head. Jaws thin; widebands of minute pointed teeth present on both jaws. Vomerine bandswidely separated and indistinguishable from the iialatine band, whichis small, oblong-ovate and scarcely prolonged backward; interval sepa-rating vomerine bands about 2i or 3 in eye; the teeth on these bandslarger than those on jaws, and very bluntly conical. Interorbital spacebroad, 2i to 3 in head. Barbels long and slender, the maxillary barbelextending to, nearly to, or, in some cases, past base of pectoral, 1yV toIf in head; outer mental barbel li to 1^ in head ; inner mental barbels2^ to 2| in head. Dorsal shield very short, narrowly crescent- shaped;its length on the median line about 2 or 3 in its width. Occipital proc-ess subtriangular, a little longer than broad at base; its edge slightlyconcave; its median keel strong. The long, narrow groove of thefontanelle beginning abrujDtly a short distance in front of occipital keel,the distance from its end to base of dorsal If to 2 in the distance to tipof snout. Shields of head rather smooth, finely granular, the granulesforming distinct lines anteriorly. The flat area between eyes triangular,with a median groove extending from fontanelle forward to tip of snout;its posterior end a little l)ehind eye, the granulations on each side of itextending forward as far as posterior border of pupil. Opercles withno radiating striae. Gill membranes forming a v^ery narrow fold acrossthe isthmus. Gill rakers 5+12. Nostrils large, i)laced close togetherand near tip of snout; the i)osterior with large flap. Axillary poresmall, but evident, much smaller than nostrils. Humeral jirocesssmooth, short, 4 to 5^ in pectoral spine. Base of dorsal 2f to 2,^^^ inhead; dorsal spine long and very strong, ly to Ij^ in head, its uiii)oranterior serrje small and tubercle-like; its upper posterior and itslower edges retrorsely serrate: the soft rays extending considerablybeyond the spine, 1^ to 1^ in head. Adipose fin small, its base 3A to 4Ain head, its height If to 2 in its base. Caudal widely forked, the upperlobe, measured from base of (caudal to its tij), the longer, about 1:^ inhead. Base of anal If to If in head, its longest ray 2J to 2^ in head.Ventrals reaching five-sixths to seven-eighths the distance to origin ofanal; vent about midway between origin of ventrals and origin of anal. H0.1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 439Pectoral spiue li in liead, serrate, the serriie on inner edge larger andsharper than those on outer, the npi)er anterior serne tuberele-like;the rays a little longer than spine. Bluish silvery, light yellowishbelow ; top of head and back brown. Fins dnsky olive, lighter at base;all margined with darker; veutrals not black; similar in color to othertins; adipose tin covered with minute bhick dots. Maxillary barbelsdark brown, with bluish silvery luster; other barbels lighter. Eyeyellowish. Length 7^ to 9 inches.Type.?^o, 47584, U.S.^.M.Six specimens from San Juan Lagoon, near the mouth of liio Ahome,Sonora, Mexico.NETUMA INSULARUM, Flora Hartley Greene, new species.Head in length 3|; width of head in length 4f; interorbital spacein length 7; interorbital space in head scarcely 2; snout in head 3;breadth of mouth in head 2; eye in head G|; dorsal I, 7; anal 17.Head much broader than deep; snout depressed and broadly rounded;eye above the level of the mouth. Upper jaw projecting. Teeth onvomer and palatines villiform and bluntly conical. The 2 vomerinepatches forming together a band almost as long and slightly broaderthan the premaxillary band; the 2 sides separated by a narrow inter-space. Palatine teeth well separated from the vomerine teeth and in 2large triangular patches which extend backward over the pterygoidregion. Each triangle has a sharj) notch in its anterior side; itsanterior-posterior length is twice its lateral width. Teeth of lower jawin a narrower band than the upper jaw. Maxillary barbel extendingto end of first third of the length of the pectoral spine; outer mentalbarbel to base of pectoral; inner mental barbel past gill opening, 2^in head. Dorsal shield crescent-shaped, without median keel. Lengtlion median line 25 in distance between the horns of the crescent; 2notches on its anterior side to meet the corresponding points from theoccipital process. Occipital process broadly triangular, with the outersides concave and 2 small projections at its posterior end. Mediankeel evident, rather short. Occipital process much broader at basethan long; its length 3i in head; posterior breadth 2 in length of proc-ess. Fontanelle broad and shallow, narrowed gradually posteriorlyto a point halfway between snout and base of dorsal spine, A nar-row line runs back from it the distance of a long diameter of the eye.Greatest width of the fontanelle equals the short diameter of the eye.Shields of the head granular striate, the striiie evident and extending tothe middle of the interorbital space, and on the side to meet the humeralprocess at the top of the gill opening. Opercles nearly smooth. Gillmembranes forming a fold across the isthmus. Dorsal and pectoralsitines crenulate in front and sharply retrorse serrate behind. Dorsalshorter than pectoral, which is 1^ in head. No axillary pore evident.Adipose fin long and low with posterior margin attached. Yent muchnearer ventrals than anal. 440 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATBOSS?GILBERT. vol xix.Color (in alcohol).?Dark blue above, light blue ou side, and whitebelow ; maxillary barbel dusky ; fins all dusky.Type.?^o. 47577, U.S.KM.This species was collected by the Albatross in the Galapagos Archi-pelago, being part of the collection studied by Jordan and Bollman in18S!). It was recorded by them' as Tachysuriis elatturus (var.?). Itsrelations to Xetuma elaitnra are close, but its fins are larger and thereare several differences in details of structure.Family ATHEKINID.E.LEURESTHES CRAMERI, Jordan and Evermann.Head4i; depth 54; eyes o%; snout 3^; dorsal A"-I, 8; anal 1,21;scales 5-07-0.Body slender, gently rounded above, narrowed below. Scales smooth,firm, closely imbricated, the membranous edge strongly serrate. JNIouth,moderate, premaxillaries very protractile; maxillary short, not reach-ing eye. First dorsal over front of anal, much nearer base of cau-dal than tip of snout, or midway between base of caudal and gillopening. Color hyaline green, with a lateral silvery streak, plumbeousabove, narrow, its width Ih in eye, wider than one row of scales, cover-ing one row and two half rows; body above lateral line covered withsmall brown specks; pectorals and caudal chiefly blackish; seconddorsal with many black specks; anal and ventrals ]?lain. Close toLenrcHtlu's fenids, from which it differs in the larger scales, smaller eye,shorter maxillary, and the much narrower lateral band. Length 5inches. Ballenas Bay, Lower California, near Cape Abreojos. Severalspecimens collected by Dr. Charles II. Gilbert on the Albatross.Ti/pe.?l^o. 47583, U.S.N. M.- Named for Frank Cramer, in recogni-tion of his excellent work on the ScorpaMiida^ and AgonidasThis species is described as new in Jordan and Evermann, " Fishesof North and Middle America."Family MUGILID^.MUGIL THOBURNI, Jordan and Starks, new species.Head 3i to 33; depth 4; dorsal IV-7; anal III, 9; scales 44-15;orbit equal to snout, 4i in head; uncovered part of eye 8 or 9 in head;interorbital 2i; first dorsal si)ine 2; soft dorsal and anal equal, thelongest ray, 2.^ ; ventrals 2 in head ; pectorals Ig.Body moderately elongate; a very gentle curve from tip of snout todorsal; ventral outline considerably curved, the curve uniform fromchin to caudal ])eduncle. Head large, broadly rounded above; eyemoderate, with a large adipose eyelid; mouth oblique, the maxillary ' Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., XII, 1889, p. 179.''Transfernul from the Leland Stanford Junior Iniversity :Museum where it wasnumbered 27. NO. 1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 441reaching to front of orbit; upper lip rather Ihiek; lower jaw with aknob at the middle which fits into an emargmation m the upper, itsangle more obtuse than a right angle; space on chin between mandib-ular bones, broad in front, acute behind, the subopercles meeting below.Teeth very minute, scarcely appreciable. Preoibital minutely serrated.Pectorals reaching about to middle of end of ventrals, not to spinousdorsal; spinous dorsal inserted above posterior end of ventral whenfin is depressed; first S])ine of dorsal the longest; soft dorsal and analsimilar, their margins incised ; ventrals inserted behind middle ofpectoral; soft dorsal and anal scaly, 23 scales before dorsal.Color slaty, bluish above, silvery below; sides with rather faint longi-tudinal bluish stripes which follow the rows of scales, fading out on thebelly and running into the darker color on the back; ventrals and analpale; pectoral and dorsals dusky; a dusky bar at base of pectoral.Type.?No. 47570, U.S.N.M.' Two specimens, the largest 8 incheslong, collected by the Albatross in the Galapagos. Close to Mngilincilis, the head larger, and with several minor differences. The speciesis named for Dr. Wilbur W. Thoburn, of Leland Stanford JuniorUniversity. It appears as a new species in "Fishes of North audMiddle America," by Jordan and Evermann.Family HOLOCENTRID.E.MYRIPRISTIS CLARIONENSIS, Gilbert, new species.(Plate LXIX.)Differing from all known American species of Mt/ripristis in having3^ series of scales between the lateral line and the base of tbe spinousdorsal, instead of 2i. The scales are comparatively small (41 in thecourse of the lateral line). The color is dusky red, without black barsor any sharp markings.Head 3|^ in length; depth 2f. Least depth of caudal pedun(de halflength of snout and eye. Greatest (oblique) diameter of eye 2^ inhead. Least interorbital width equaliug length of snout, 4.^ in head.3Iouth less oblique than in related species, the line of upper jawwith a more pronounced double curve. Lower jaw the longer, withwell-developed symphyseal knob. Teeth finely villiform, very slightlyenlarged toward middle of both jaws. Wide patches of similar teethon head of vomer aud on palatine bones. Length of maxillary (meas-ured from front of upper jaw) very slightly (about one-twentieth) lessthan length of snout and eye. D. k-1, 14; A. IV, 12. Scales 3.^-41-7.Color before immersion in spirits, reddish, the upper parts dusky,especially on top of head and on the margins of the scales. Evidenthorizontal dusky streaks between the rows of scales. Opercular mem-brane blackish. Fins all light, without dark markings.Type.?No. 47746, U.S.N.M. 'Transferred from Leland Stanford Junior [Juiversity Museum, where it was num-bered 1607. 442 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBERT. vol.xix.One specimen, C^ inches long, from Clarion Island, of tlie Eevilla-Gigedo grouj), Mexico. It had been captured by a booby bird, butwas still in good condition when taken by us.Family CENTK( ) IM )MI D.E.CENTROPOMUS CONSTANTINUS, Jordan and Starks.Ileadli.^; depth 3.i ; eye ."? in head; snout 3.^; interorbital two-thirdseye; dorsal VIII-I, 10; anal III, 7; scales 10-07-13. Posterior halfof preorbital rather strongly retrorse-serrate, anterior portion entire;maxillary extending to below the middle of orbit, 2.^ in head; sub-opercular flap ending nearly to within 4 scales of the vertical fromthe origin of dorsal. Gill rakers 44-0. 21 series of scales before firstdorsal. Third and fourth dorsal spine equal, about half as long ashead; second anal spine longer and much stronger than third, I5 inhead, the third longer than the soft rays; ventrals long, 1^ in head,nearly reaching vent, their length not quite equal to distance from theirtips to anal. Air bladder with very short, blunt, anterior api)endages,which are not more than half the length of the ])upil. Pectorals 2 inhead; caudal short, with roundish lobes, 2 in head. Olive; sides sil-very; lateral line dusky; head pale; ventrals pale; tips of dorsal andmem))rane behind anal spines blackish. Known from 3 si^ecimens col-lected at Bahia, Brazil, by the Albatross.Type.?^o. 43280, U.S.N.IM. The description is drawn from a speci-men 8^ inches long, in the Leland Stanfonl Junior University jMuseum,:^o. 1633.This species appears as new in Jordan and Evermann, "Fishes ofNorth and Middle America."'Family SEKRANID^.EPINEPHELUS NIPHOBLES, Gilbert and Starks, new species.Head 2g in body; depth 2i; dorsal XI-14; anal 111,0; scalesir)-ll(?-40; eyes 5 in head; maxillary 2; third dorsal spine 2?; middledors.il rays 2^; highest anal rays 2; third anal spine 3i^; i)ectoraI 1|;ventrals 1]; caudal If.Form rather robust, moderately compressed; dorsal outline uniformlycurved from tip of snout to caudal peduncle; mouth large, the maxillaryreaching to below i)osterior orbital rim; lower jaw strongly projecting;teeth conical and sharj), in one or two bands at sides of jaws, three orfour in front ; upi)erj'aw with a rather strong canine on each side of front;snout longer than eye; nostrils close together, the posterior one thelarger, a little in front of the vertical from front of eye, the anterior ina short, wide tube with a Hap behind; vertical and horizontal limbs ofpreopercle meeting at riglit angles, its edge with blunt serra-, those at 'See Voluiiic I, p. 1125; publiahecl October 3, 1896. NO. 1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 443angle enlarged: oporcle with 3 flat spines before the flap; gill rakersmoderate, uearly half eye, 8+lG in number. Top of head, orbitals,maxillary, and mandibles, naked; fine scales on cheeks and opercles;scales on body ctenoid; fins without scales. Dorsal beginning- a littlein front of the vertical from pectoral base, the third spine a littU' tiiehighest, but the ones behind it not much shortened; soft dorsal higherthan spinous, its outline rounded; pectoral rounded behind, reachingto below the base of eighth dorsal spine ; third anal spine the longest, notnearly so long as the soft rays, the anal fin similar in shape to tlie softdorsal; ventrals i caching j^ast vent, scarcely to front of anal, their endsrounded, as are all the fins; caudal broadly rounded. Color in spiritsbrownish red, sides with clear-cut, distinct, white spots about as largeas pupil, about at base of dorsal, C or 7 along lateral line, following itsarch, a horizontal series of 4 extending back from opercular flap, about3 from base of pectoral following curve of ventral outline, two at l)aseof anal, one beliiud lower edge of caudal ])eduncle and one above anus;a well-marked streak above maxillary following its outline; lips coloredlike rest of head; dorsal dusky, with vague white spots; ventrals andanal nearly black, Avith a reddish tinge ; anal with a narrow white borderbelow; pectoral and caudal uniform yellowish.Type.?^o. 47582, U.S.N.M.A single specimen, 6 inches in length, collected by the Albatross atstation 3041, in Magdaleua Bay, Lower California.The species is allied to Epincphdus niveatus of the Atlantic.Family UJEMJJLIDJE.ORTHOPRISTIS FORBESI, Jordan and Starks, new species.Head 3;^; depth 3; dorsal XII or XIII, 15; anal III, II ; scales 9-80 to85-20; snout 2f; maxillary 3i; orbit 4J; longest dorsal spine 24; sec-ond anal spine 3J; pectoral 1:|:; ventrals If; upper caudal lobe 1^.Body oblong, comjiressed, the j^roflle gently curved to dorsal. Headmoderate, the jaws subequal; teeth small, the outer a little enlarged;maxillary extending to the vertical from posterior nostril; chin with amedian pit; iiiterorbital convex, its width about equal to orbit; verti-cal limb of preopercle slightly convex, finely serrated : gill rakers short,about 8+14=22; preorbital moderate, 3| in head, 3 in its least width.Snout, maxillary, and lower jaw naked; scales on head small andcrowded. Dorsal low, the longest ray about 1^ in the longest spine;second anal S])ine not longer than third, but slightly stouter, abouthalf as long as the longest ray; pectorals moderate, reaching past tipsof ventrals, but not to vent; upper lobe of caudal the longer; secondanal spine moderate, about as long as third.Color {in alcohol).?Dark brown above, with bluish reflections; allfins dusky except pectorals; caudal edged with light, membrane ofopercle dark; preopercle with some dark spots. 444 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBERT.Txjpe.?Bo. 47574, U.S.N.M. Named for Dr. Stephen Alfred Forbes,of the University of Illinois, in recof^nition of his work on the Percida\Two specimens, the type 7^ inches long, from Albemarle Island, oneof the Galapagos Archipelago.Family SOI^NID^.OPHIOSCION STRABO, Gilbert, new species.(Plate L.)Closely allied to 0. typicus, having the same general shape and theelongate caudal which is longer tlian head. It differs conspicuously inits much smaller eye, its heavier, shorter snout, which barely protrudesbeyond the mouth, and its longer, less numerous, pieopercular spines.Snout bluntly rounded, little projecting, the mouth short and broadcompared with 0. typicus. Anterior upper profile very concave, risingrapidly from occiput to dorsal, growing sharply compressed. Mouthmoderately oblique, subterminal, the snout protruding beyond the pre-maxillaries for a distance (measured axially) equaling half diameter ofpupil. Maxillary reaching slightly behind front of orbit, 3| to 3f inlength of head. Mandibular teeth of equal size, in a wide villiformband. Premaxillary band similar, preceded by an outer row of shortslender canines. Preorbital rather narrow, half iuterorbital width.Eyes small, obliquely set, the oblique diameter 4 to U in length ofhead. Iuterorbital space transversely convex, its width 3| in head.A low superciliary ridge. Preopercular margin with a few (4 to 6)slender needle-like spines, the three longer ones wide spaced, evenlyradiating about the angle. Margin of lower limb furnished with 5 or6 minute spinous teeth, compressed triangular, and flexible. Gillrakers short, slender, half diameter of pupil, or 7 above angle, 12below.First two and last two dorsal spines rather strong and rigid, theothers exceedingly slender and flexible. The third si)ine is the longest,reaching beyond base of tenth spine when depressed, 1| to If inlength of head. The tenth spine is the shortest, the eleventh longer,representing the first ray of second dorsal. Distance from last dorsalray to base of middle caudal ray ecjuals length of snout and half of eye.Second anal spine long and slender, half or slightly more than halflength of head, three-fourths or four-fifths the longest anal ray. Analbasis but little more oblique than the rest of the abdominal profile.Distance from base of last anal ray to base of middle caudal rayslightly exceeds distance from tip of snout to preopercular margin.Caudal lanceolate, the middle rays much ])roduced, etpidling distancefrom tip of snout to axil of pectorals. Pectorals short, scarcely reach-ing tips of ventrals, the latter not to vent. Outer ventral ray slightlyI)roduced bej'ond the rest.Scales smaller than in 0. fypicns, 5 or in the vertical series betweenlateral line and back. Arcli of lateral line ending over the anteriorportion of anal fin. Head almost entirely scaled, including mandible, No.his. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 445branchiostegal rays, preorbital, and top of Lead forward to nearextreme tip of snout. On snout, preorbital and mandibles, the scalesare cycloid.Color {in alcohol).?Xearly uniform light brown, lighter below andwith some silvery luster. Fins all dusky, the anal and ventrals black,the outer ventral ray white. Opercular lining dusky.Type.?No. 47742, U.S.N.M. Six specimens, the longest, 115 mm. long,from San Juan Lagoon, south of Guaymas, Mexico.Family CH^ETODONTID^.HOLACANTHUS lODOCUS,' Jordan and Rutter, new species.Head 3? ; depth 1| (2 in total); eye 4| ; dorsal XIV, 20; anal HI, 20.Body very deep, forming almost a regular ellipse, slightly concaveabove eye and in front of eye. Preorbital, without spine, shorterthan width of interorbital, which is narrower than distance betweeneye and upper end of gill opening. Spine at angle of preoperclestraight, longer than orbit, about equal to preorbital; 8 or 9 spines onupper limb of preopercle, these nearly half as long as the one at angleand very much longer than in Holacanthn.s ciliaris; 2 weak spines onlower limb, and 2 on interopercle. Soft dorsal and anal falcate, thelongest rays filamentous; pectoral ver}^ obli above base of pectoral witha nearlv continuous edge. A small spine on rim of orbit behind])ostocular spine.No trace of white spots on posterior Several white spots on posterior partparts of sides or of a small dark bar of sides, and a small dark bar acrossacross back of caudal peduncle. back of caudal peduncle.A distinct large dark spot on side be- No distinct dark spot on side behindhind opercular flap. Pectorals and soft opercular flap. Pectorals and soft dor-dqrsal with very little dark. sal with mucii dark.General color in alcohol faded scarlet. Supraocular llap large, more than halforbit. General color in alcohol dark-brownand cherry-red.Supraocular tlap small. In his original description of Scorpa^na histrio from Galapagos Islands(length, 9 inches), Jenyns gives the following details: Maxillary reach-ing ])osterior margin of orbit; small spine on rim of orbit behind post-ocular spine present only on left side (entirely absent in a smaller NO. 1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 449specimen); coiispicuons (large) palmated supraocular flaps; eleventhdorsal spine a little longer than the first; -0 pectoral rays, the 10 lowersimple, the next 9 branched, the uj>permost one simi)le. Mis two speci-mens exactly agree in number of tin rays. The plate accompanying hisdescription (both description and plate based on same specimen) givesthe V2 lower pectoral rays simple.LTnfortnnately, the writer has had only one specimen of Scorpamaliistrio from Galapagos Islands and one of ;S^. 2^annosa fioni Panama forcomparison. It would be very desirable to have a series for comparisonin order to determine the amount of variation in the color and in theother points in which the two species differ from each other.SEBASTODES SEMICINCTUS, Gilbert, new species.(Plate LIII, tig. 1.)Very closely related to S. .saxicola, from which it differs conspicu-ously in its smaller size, its shar})ly defined cross bars, the smaller head,smaller mouth, and smaller eye, and in the longer and more numerousgill rakers.Size small, a female with fully developed ova measuring but 130 mm.in total length ; our largest specimen, 170 mm. Head 2-j^j to 3 in lengthto base of caudal. Body slender, the depth 3f to 3^ in length. Mandi-ble with a moderate symphyseal knob, which projects to enter theprofile. Maxillary scarcely reaching vertical from middle of pupil, L*-| to2| in head. Eye averaging smaller than in & saxicola, 3^ to 3J in head(rarely 3 in head). Interorbital space of moderate width, flat, with aslight median lengthwise groove bounded by a pair of low, roundedridges, the groove and ridges sometimes not evident. Preo(;ular, supra-ocular, and occipital ridges low, but sharp and evident, terminating instrong though slender si)ines. I^asal, preocular, postocular, tympanic,and occipital spinesjn^esent, the preocular the strongest, directed outwardand backward so as to project over the oi bit, Parietals not in contact.Preorbital narrow, with two triangular or rounded lobes with or withoutslight spinous tips, Preopercular spines with compressed triangularbase, the upper two usually nearest together, directed backward orslightly upward, the others backward and downward. A subopercularand an interopercular s]>ine closely approximated. Three "humeral"spines. Gih rakers long, slender, very numerous, developed as movablerakers to the extreme anterior end of the arch. Ten or eleven rakerson vertical limb of anterior arch, 27 on horizontal limb, the longestslightly less than half diameter of eye. In K saxicola, the gill rakersnumber or 10+22 or 23. D. XII, I, 13; A. Ill, 7.Fifth dorsal spine highest, 2^ to 2^ in head, longer than the softrays, the membranes between spines not deeply incised; the notchbetween dorsals rather shallow, the twelfth si)ine three fourths to four-fifths length of thirteenth. Caudal emarginate. Second anal spinestrong, longer than third, usually not reaching tips of soft rays whenProc. N. M. vol. xix 29 450 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBERT. fill is declined: length of second spine half that of head. Ventralsusnally reaching to or beyond vent, the pectorals varying from slightlybehind vent to slightly behind origin of anal.Scales on breast cycloid or weakly <'tenoid, elsewhere on body roughctenoid. Head completely scaled, the scales on top of head and oncheeks ctenoid, those on snout, maxillary, mandible, and branchiostegalrays much reduced in size and smooth; 40 to 48 tubes in the lateralline; about 95 vertical transverse series above the lateral line, eachseries under the dorsal fins containing 7 or 8 scales.Color {in alcohol).?Light brownish above, silvery on lower half ofsides and below (tinged with red in life). Snout and top of headdusky; sometimes a dusky streak from tip of snout to eye, a secondone crossing between preocular ridges, and a third, less often visible,on occiput. A diamond-shaped brown blotch on the nape and underfront of spinous dorsal, extending downward nearly to lateral line. Asmall blotch under sixth and seventh dorsal spines. A verj- conspicu-ous saddle-shaped brown crossbar under the eighth to the eleventhspines; this is wider and lighter next the back, becomes narrower andmore intense just above the lateral line, then widens into an intensevertically elliptical blotch on middle of sides. A similar less intense barunder soft dorsal and one on caudal peduncle. The lighter portions ofthese bars show darker spots and mottlings. Those beneath the finsencroach somewhat on their basal portions. Membranes of dorsal finswith ill-defined roundish spots of light brown. Caudal rays with afew elongate olive-brown spots, some of these often forming a verticalseries near base of fin; membranes between the rays largely olive-brown on basal three-fourths of fin. A faint dark spot above middleof base of pectoral. Pectorals, ventrals, and anal white, unmarked.Mouth and gill cavity white; peritoneum brown.Taken rather abundantly in the Santa Barbara Channel and at firstconfused with the young of S. saxicola, which this species stronglyresembles. Specimens before me are from stations 2949 and 2959, indepths of 155 and oo fathoms.Tyjye.?l^o. 47581, U.S.N.M.SEBASTODES AYRESII, Gilbert and Cramer, new species.Head2f; depth 24; dorsal XIII, 13; anal 111,6; lateral line (pores)42, 44; transverse rows of scales 43.Very closely related to yScbastodes rosaceus, but the supraorbital ridgelower, thicker, and without spine. Body oblong, not much elevated,its width about 2 in its depth. Orbit large, 3^ in head, snout aboutIJ in orbit. Interorbital space concave, 2 in orbit, with a mediangroove bordered by a pair of ridges diverging backward. Cranialridges well developed, the preocular, postocular, tympanic, and parietalspines present, sharp. Mouth moderate, jaws about equal, maxillaryabout 2^ in head, reaching to vertical from posterior border of pupil; NO. 1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 451the lower jaw witli a small sympliyseal knob. Two upper pieopercularspines nearly equal, sharp and long, the third shorter and broad; loweropercular spine horizontal, the upper larger and directed somewhatupward. Gill rakers moderate, the longest about 3 in orbit, 21 on hori-zontal limb of first arch. Scales moderate, ctenoid; accessory scalesnumerous ; mandible naked. Interorbital space, preorbitals, maxillaries,the rays of the dorsal, anal, and caudal fins, and the median rays ofthe pectorals, scaly. Fourth dorsal ray longest, about 2i in head, thetwelfth about 2J in the fourth ; the dorsal rays shorter than the longestspines. Second anal spine much longer and stronger than third, about2 in ^ ^ad; the rays equal to the second spine. Caudal slightly emargi-nate. Pectorals moderate, reaching a little beyond vent, the medianrays lv;ngest, 3i in length of body; base of fin a little less than orbit;the 7 lower rays simple, somewhat thickened. Ventral fin reaching vent.Color {in alcohol).?Like Sehastodes rosaeeus; dark brownish above,paler below. A small pale, pinkish spot immediately under base offourth dorsal spine, and another small one immediately under base ofeighth spine; a third larger spot just above lateral line and under theninth spine; a fourth spot immediately under the first, and a fifthunder the last dorsal rays. Peritoneum dark brown, speckled withblack dots.Type.?l^io. 47744, U.S.KM.Taken on a trawl line at Cortez Banks, near San Diego ; collected bythe Albatross. Length, 9 inches.Distinguished from Sehastodes rosaceus esj^ecially by the absence ofthe supraocular spine.SEBASTODES CRAMERI, Jordan, new species.Head 2?; depth 2f ; dorsal XIII, 14; anai III, 7; lateral line (pores)48 (+ 1 on caudal); transverse rows of scales, 49.Body compressed, its thickness 2^ in its depth. Interorbital spaceflat, 4^ in head ; cranial ridges low but evident, the parietal ridges thin.Preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, parietal, and nuchalspines present, the last-named spines being marked off from the i^ari-etal ridges only by depressions, and the parietal spines not well marked.Orbit nearly circular, 31 in head. Snout about equal to interorbitalwidth; preorbital with two triangular lobes, but no distinct spines.Maxillary reaching a little beyond vertical from middle of eye, 2^1^ inhead. Mandible scarcely projecting, with a small, symjihyseal knob.The three upi)er preopercular spines nearly equal, a little divergent,the lowest one obsolescent. Opercular spines moderate, nearly equal.Gill rakers slender, 2*^ in orbit, 21 on horizontal limb of first arch.Scales of medium size, those on opercles and cheeks ctenoid, those onsnout, preorbital, maxillary and mandible scarcely ctenoid; accessoryscales in moderate number. Dorsal spines rather low, the fourth long-est, 2? in head, the twelfth about half as long ; the membrane of spinous 452 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBERT.dorsal rather deeply iiKtised ; longest dorsal rays about equal to longestspiues. Second anal spine about ecjual to the third, but stronger,curved, 3 iu head, about 1| in soft rays. Caudal eniarginate. Base ofpectoral 2? in head, the 10 lower rays simple, the middle rays longest,3f in length of body, and reaching a little beyond origin of anal;ventrals reaching a little beyond vent.Color [in alcohol).?Yellowish, darker above (doubtless briglit red inlife); 4 short, faint cross bands on upper part of sides, one under sec-ond, third, and fourth dorsal spines, a second under sixth and seventhspines, a third under nintli, tenth, and eleventh spines, and the fourthunder the soft dorsal; a black si>ot on upi)er part of oi)ercle; mem-brane of spinous dorsal, black-edged. Dorsals and pectorals a littledusky, fins otherwise pale. Inside of mouth a little dusky at the sidesand in front of tongue; lining of gill (cavities dusky in front of pseudo-branchia'. Peritoneum, dark brownTyjM'.?yo. 47745, U.S.N.M.A single specimen, taken hy the Albatro,ss at station 3091, to 15 narrowbrown oblique bands extending downward and backward from thelateral line about halfway to anal fin, these obsolete or less conspicuouson anterior portion of the body; both dorsals mottled with olive; cau-dal with 3 broad, blac-kisli bars which do not cross the upper andlower ray, the last bar broad and very consi)icuons ; upper ray of caudaldark olive; no black spot at base of caudal; anal and ventrals white;pectorals blackish, faintly barred with darker and margined with white.Here described from many specimens, 3 to G inches long, from sta-tion 1'80."), Bay of Panama, 51i fathoms, where it occurs with Frionotnsscenisma, but more abundantly than the latter. It has not yet been seenelsewhere.Type.?^o. 47580, U.S.X.M.Family ITRANOSCOPID.E.ASTROSCOPUS ZEPHYREUS, Gilbert and Starks, new species.(Plate LIII, fig. 2; also Plate LIV.)Head 2a ; depth 3|; dorsal V-13; anal 14; scales 84; eye 12 in head;maxillary 2^; pectoral 1^; second dorsal spine 7; highest dorsal ray2^; highest anal ray 3^; caudal If.Body robust, widest at occiput, vslightly compressed posteriorly, ante-riorly subcylindrical. Head very large and broad, wider than thebody; mouth large, vertical, a fringe of barbels curving over mouth oneach jaw, their length a little greater than the diameter of the eye;tongue very large and fleshy, forming a pad under the membrane oflower jaw, which projects forward somewhat; teeth conical, small andmovable, in many bands in upper jaw: in lower jaw the teeth are largerand in two or three rows; vomer and palatines with teeth. Eyes verysmall but prominent; interorbital very wide, four times as wide as theeye; bones on top of head coarsely granular; Y-shaped ridge on top ofhead conspicuous, with a broad naked area on each side; the form ofthese and other bones of the head exactly as in A. y-f/ra'cvni ; edgesof nostrils closely fringed; anterior nostril round, the ridge between itand eye not very high or conspicuous; posterior nostril ending in along curved furrow which runs obliquely across the naked area be-hind eyes; at its posterior end it turns sharply forward, its length 2|times the diameter of the eye; two very short blunt spines in front ofeye; surface of the opercle, preopercle. and humeral process granular,not so rough as in A. ygrcecum ; gill rakers not developed; pseudo-branchiai very small. 454 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBERT. vol.xix.Head entirely scaleless; belly naked below a line drawn from firstanal ray to the middle of pectoral base; fins without scales; scalessmall and nearly square, grown together side by side, forming obliqueseries.Width of pectoral at base slightly less than half length of head; thefin is i)ointed and sliglitly turned up, its tip reaching to the vertical frombase of the third dorsal ray; the ventral rays are thick and swollen,the inner rays the longest, the tin reaching almost midway between itsbase and tips of pectorals; insertion of ventrals in front of pectorals adistance equal to the width of pectoral base; soft dorsal somewhathigher than anal, its posterior rays reaching to the vertical from baseof last anal ray; tip of last anal ray nearly reaching to the base ofcaudal rays ; caudal truncate or slightly rounded ; a fold of skin along-middle line of belly from ventrals to vent.Color.?Dark brown above, paler below; upper parts with manyround white spots of various sizes, edged with rings of dark brown ; spinous dorsal black, light posteriorly; soft dorsal light at base, theends of the rays with black and white strii)es; i)ectorals and analdusky with light edge, caudal with longitudinal black and white stripes.Ti/pc.?liio. 47743, U.S.N.M.A single specimen, 12 inches in length, collected by the Albatross, inMagdalena Bay, Lower California.A distinct electric shock was given hy this fish when alive, the elec-tric organs being apparently located in the fleshy areas on top of headbehind the eyes. Family BLENNIIDiE.EMMNION,' new genus.EMMNION BRISTOLiE, Jordan, new species.(Plate LV, fig. 1).Head 5|; depth 7J; dorsal XXV, 13; anal I, 27; pectoral 13; ven-tral I, 3; Branchiostegals 5; scales 3-63-11, the count not certain.Body slender, nioderatelj^ compressed; the dorsal profile forming anearly straight line from occiput to first dorsal ray, from thence descend-ing verj' gently to base of caudal ; ventral profile about straight. Headbroad, slightly convex above, its width 1^ in its length. Anterior pro-file from first dorsal spine to a point above eye straight, thence abrnptlydescending to tip of snout. Mouth horizontal, the lower jaw included.Maxillary reaching nearly to posterior margin of eye, about 2.^ in head.Teeth present on both jaws, (;anine-Iike; ui)per jaw with -S eidargedteeth in front, about 2 or 3 series of much smaller teeth behind these,only 1 series of which extends into posterior region of mouth; lower ,jaw with a series of teeth in front and on side^ which beconu^ greatlyenlarged in front; a patch of very small teeth behind the enlarged ^"Ev, in; /nvtov, sea moss, or alga. NO. 1115. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 455front teeth. No teeth on vomer or palatines. Premaxillaries very ])ro-tractile. Snout blunt, 4^ in head. Eyes large, round, placed closetogether, 3^ in head. luterorbital region very narrow, less than pupil.Nostrils equal. Caudal peduncle 2^ in head. Branchiostegal mem-branes deeply united, tree from isthmus. Gills 4, a small slit behindthe fourth. No cirri above eyes, nor filaments on nape. Head naked;body covered with cycloid scales, those on nape much smaller; bellynaked.The scales on the body are apparently caducous, as all have fallen,but the impressions are very distinct; they seem to have been embeddedon their anterior edge, as the sac-like fold of skin is prominent. Lat-eral line simple, straight, running from upper edge of gill opening tolast ray of dorsal when it disappears, not reaching the caudal. It isplaced very high, and gradually apj^roaches the dorsal fin, from whichit is separated only by a very small distance. Dorsal extending from apoint a short distance behind occiput nearly to base of caudal; the finis emarginate, with the last spine shortest, about 2^ in first soft ray, thelatter 2^ in head; longest dorsal spines about 3 in head, all the spinesslender and flexible. Anal extending from behind vent nearly to baseof caudal; similar to soft dorsal, its rays lower. Ventrals well devel-oped, inserted very slightly in front of base of pectorals, with broadbase, the rays thickish. Length of ventrals 1^ in head, the fin reachingthree- fifths the distance to vent. Caudal subtruncate. Pectorals reach-ing past vent, about as long as head. Dorsal and anal free fromcaudal.Color {in alcohol).?Dark reddish brown, lighter below; head verydark. Dorsals, pectorals and caudal blackish, i)ectorals and caudalwith lighter blotches; anal and ventrals dusky, anal margined withdarker. Length about 3 inches. Here described from a specimentaken by the Albatross from Galapagos Islands.Type.?^o. 47578, U.S.N. M.It is evidently a rock-pool species. The species is named for MissSusan Brown Bristol, of the department of zoology in Stanford Uni-versity, in recognition of her work on fishes. It is the type of a distinctgenus {Emmfiion), remotely allied to Labrosomus and Pseudoblennius,distinguished especially by its straight dorsal lateral line ending atbase of last dorsal ray, by its scaly body, and by its dentition. Itsrelations to any other American genus are not intimate.Family XIPHIDIONTIDJE.ULVICOLiA, new genus.ULVICOLA SANCTiE-ROS/E, Gilbert and Starks, new species.(Plate LV, fig. 2.)Head 10 in body; depth 13; dorsal XCVII; anal 1-40; eye 4^ inhead; caudal li. 456 FISHES COLLECTED BY THE ALBATROSS?GILBEIIT.Body elongate as in Xererpes, strongly compressed, upper profile ofbead sliglitly convex, no consrriction at nai)e: mouth very small,oblh^ue, the maxillary reaching about to front of eye; teeth very small,iu a single row on jaws; vomer with teeth; interorbital a narrow sharpridge; snout about equal to length of eye; gill opening short, limitedto the i)art below angle of oi)ercle, adnate above to shoulder girdle.Origin of dorsal above upi)er end of gill opening, much nearer occiputthan tip of snout; anal spine small, not channeled as iu Xerinpes fncorum; origin of anal nearer base of caudal than tip of snout by a (listauce equal to twice length of head; i)ectora]s and ventrals obsolete:caudal rather long, confluent with dorsal and anal.Color (in alcohol).?Light brown, slightly lighter under head and onbelly; no markings.l^ypc.?So. 47571), U.S.N.M.Specimen 4i inches iu length; collected by the Albatross in a rockpool at Santa llosa Island, California, .January G, 1SS9.The new genus Ulvicola is allied to Xererpes.Family BLENNIID^.EMBLEMARIA OCULOCIRRIS, Jordan, new species.Head Sf; depth Gg; dorsal about 'S~>; anal 25.Upper part of eyeball with a slender cirrus tipped with black, thisnearly as long as eye; eye longer than snout, about 3^ in head, themaxillary extending to below posterior part of pupil; snout sharperthan in Emblemaria niripes, two-thirds eye; teeth small, rather sharp,directed backward; longest dorsal spine as long as head; pectorals 1^in head; ventrals If, inserted before pectorals.Color {in (ilvohol).?Brown, with traces of about 9 blackish cross bars,which are separated on the back by whitish quadrate interspaces; awhite spot at nape; some dusky below eye; dorsal dusky, the palebars of back extending on its base; anal dusky; ventrals blackisli;caudal pale, its tip black; pectorals pale.Ti/pe.?l^o. 47749, U.S.N.M.Specimen li inches long; collected by the Albati'oss, La Paz, Cali-fornia. It seems to be very close to Emblemaria nivipes.Family GADID^.LEPIDION VERECUNDUM, Jordan and Cramer, new species.Head 3.^: depth 4^; dorsal VIII-40: anal 37; ventral apparently 4(some rays broken on each side) ; scales about 75, not to be exactlycounted.Body robust, compressed, tapering from the large head to the veryslender, attenuate tail, which is not so broad as ])upil. Head large,not greatly compressed, not keeled above, its sides scaly; lower jaw NO. 1115. PBOCEEVINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 457with some scales; iuteroibital space depressed, 5a m head. Eye verylarge (in young), 2| in head; snout short, depressed, not pointed, andwith lateral keel, 5f in head. Prcorbital very narrow. Mouth ratherlarge, oblique, the maxillary reaching to below front of pui)il, L':| inhead; lower jaw slightly longer, its tip with a stittisli pointed projec-tion representing the barbel; teeth small, in bands, a few on vomer.No spines on snout or opercles. (lill membranes somewliat united, freefrom isthmus. Gill rakers slender, rather long, 10 to 1- on lower p;irtof arch. Scales very small, mostly lost posteriorly and not to be exactlycounted. Lateral line not evident. First dorsal rather low ami lonii,none of its rays produced, tlie longest about half head. Ventrals tihi-mentous, half head; pectorals about half head; caudal li.^ head: analdeeply notched behind the middle, its posterior lobe highest.Color uniform i)urplish black, the tins paler.Type.?^o. 47748, U.S.N.M.Young specimen, 2;^ inches long, from Albatross station 2993, in 364fathoms, near Clarion Island of the Revilla-Gigcdo group, Mexico.Family PLEURONECTID^E.PARALICHTHYS WOOLMANI, Jordan and Williams, new species.Head 3i; depth about 2 in length of body; gill rakers 5+11; dor-sal 74; anal 57; pectoral 12; ventral (>.Flesh Arm. Body oblong; mouth large, mandible heavy, not projecting; about 8 teeth on each side of lower jaw, the anterior ones long butslender; teeth in ui)[)er jaw smaller than those in lower jaw ; the lateralteeth very small and close set. Eye small, 5.^ in length of head; inter-orbital area moderately prominent, narrow, about two-tifths in lengthof eye. Scales cycloid, small anteriorly and increasing in size pos-teriorly, covering head and tins; about 100 on lateral line. Lateral linegreatly arched anteriorly, the arch about 3i times in length of straightportion. Gill rakers slender, the longest about one-half length ofeye. Pectoral and ventral Hns small; pectoral about one half lengthof head. Origin of dorsal opposite anterior margin of eye; caudalending in an obtuse angle, not double concave; caudal peduncle wide.Anal spine obsolete. Body and tins blotched with deep brown andpearly white and speckled with very dark brown, blotches more dehuiteon median hns and especially on caudal where there are three mdetinitelines of blotches crossing the skin.Ti/pe.?'^o. 47575, U.S.N.M.Specimen 9i inches long, taken at the Galapagos Islands by theAlbidross in 1888. It was then thought to be Pdralichthiis adspersus,from whi(;h species it differs but little except in the number and lengthof the gill rakers.This species is named for Mr. Albert J. Woolman, of Uuluth, Minne-sota, m recognition of his work on the fresh- water tishesof Mexico andFlorida. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. XLIX U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. L U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. LI o U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. Lll U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. Llll New Fishes from the Pacific Ocean.Fig. 1. Sebastodes semicinctux.Fig. ?I. AstroscoiJtis zephijrexis. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. LIV U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XIX PL. LV //r^ New Fishes from the Pacific Ocean, Fig. 1. Emnion bristolce.Fig. 2. Ulvicola sanctce-rosK.