A Field Checklist of the Birds of Guyana 2nd Edition Michael J. Braun Davis W. Finch Mark B. Robbins and Brian K. Schmidt Smithsonian Institution O USAID ?^^^^ FROM THE AMERICAN PEOPLE A Field Checklist of the Birds of Guyana 2nd Edition by Michael J. Braun, Davis W. Finch, Mark B. Robbins, and Brian K. Schmidt Publication 121 of the Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC, USA Produced under the auspices of the Centre for the Study of Biological Diversity University of Guyana Georgetown, Guyana 2007 PREFERRED CITATION: Braun, M. J., D. W. Finch, M. B. Robbins and B. K. Schmidt. 2007. A Field Checklist of the Birds of Guyana, 2nd Ed. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. AUTHORS' ADDRESSES: Michael J. Braun - Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 4210 Silver Hill Rd., Suitland, MD, USA 20746 (braunm@si.edu) Davis W. Finch - WINGS, 1643 North Alvemon Way, Suite 105, Tucson, AZ, USA 85712 (wings@wingsbirds.com) Mark B. Robbins - Division of Ornithology, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 66045 (mrobbins@ku.edu) Brian K. Schmidt - Smithsonian Institution, Division of Birds, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC, USA 20013- 7012 (schmidtb@si.edu) COVER ILLUSTRATION: Guyana's national bird, the Hoatzin or Canje Pheasant, Opisthocomus hoazin, by Dan Lane. INTRODUCTION This publication presents a comprehensive list of the birds of Guyana with summary information on their habitats, biogeographical affinities, migratory behavior and abundance, in a format suitable for use in the field. It should facilitate field identification, especially when used in conjunction with an illustrated work such as Birds of Venezuela (Hilty 2003). It is part of a series of comprehensive lists of the flora and fauna of Guyana being developed by the Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program and the Centre for the Study of Biological Diversity, University of Guyana (Boggan etal. 1997, HoUowell & Reynolds 2005, www.nmnh.si.edu/biodiversity/bdg.htm). The first edition of this list (Braun et al. 2000) included 786 species. The list presently stands at 814 species that have been documented as occurring in Guyana. It builds upon the long out-of-print work of Snyder (1966), who listed 720 species. Her list is largely treated as authoritative, but 10 species are removed for lack of concrete documentation. These are Tinamus tao, Butorides virescens, Patagioenas fasciata, Crotophaga sulcirostris, Pharomachrusfulgidus, lodopleura pipra, Tangara peruviana, Loxigilla noctis, Sporophila hypochroma and Gymnomystax mexicanus. Species included are those whose occurrence in the country is supported by physical evidence (specimen, photograph, sound recording, or band recovery) or written documentation of a sight record by a reliable, experienced observer (see below). The nomenclature follows A Classification of the Bird Species of South America (Remsen et al. 2007). DEFINITIONS Abbreviations and symbols are used for various categories of habitat, endemism, migration and abundance. The endemism and habitat codes follow Stotz et al. (1996); some habitat codes are modified to reflect the authors' experience in Guyana. Figure 1 (inside back cover) shows the distribution of principal habitats in Guyana. HABITAT CODES LF Lowland forest, including both terra firme and seasonally flooded forest. MF Montane forest. RI Riverine habitats, including the river and their islands, banks, waterfalls, and riparian forests. MA Marine or salt water habitats, including coastal and pelagic waters. MU Mudflats and coastal beaches. FW Fresh water habitats, including lakes, impoundments, ponds, oxbows, marshes, and canals. MN Mangrove forest. HU Habitats altered by humans, such as gardens, towns, roadsides, agricultural lands, disturbed forests and forest edge. SV Savanna grasslands. SC Scrub or brush habitats, including white sand scrub, bush islands, and dense, low second growth. PA Palm trees and forests. ENDEMISM AND MIGRATION CODES (EN/MI) GUI Restricted to the Guianas and adjacent Venezuela and Brazil. TEP Restricted to the tepui highlands of Venezuela, Brazil and Guyana. In Guyana, these include the Pacaraima and Merume Mountains. AMN Restricted to Amazonian (and Guianan) lowlands north of the Amazon. NBA Nearctic migrant; except for shorebirds, these occur September- May and are absent in the northern summer months of June- August. AUS Austral migrant; typically present May- September. ABUNDANCE CODES (ABU) C Common; more than 20 individuals encountered daily in prime habitat and season. F Fairly common; 5-20 individuals encountered daily in prime habitat and season. U Uncommon; present in small numbers (fewer than 5 individuals per day); not encountered daily even in prime habitat and season. S Scarce; only occasionally encountered in small numbers even in prime habitat and season. ? Occurs in Guyana but status unclear due to scarcity of data. E Extirpated; no longer occurs, probably as a result of hunting (Homed Screamer). t Extinct (Eskimo Curlew). L Local; used with other abundance codes to indicate that a species ' distribution in the country is patchy and that it is absent from large areas of apparently suitable habitat. [ ] Sight records only (24 species). * Reported for Guyana, but needs verification (14 species). DOCUMENTING NEW RECORDS While this list contains new information, much remains to be learned. Every effort should be made to document species not on this list, as well as those marked by brackets or asterisks, or with an abundance code of "?". Copies of photographs, tape recordings and/or written details of sight records may be sent to the first author. These should include date, time, specific locality, observers' names and addresses, description of size, shape and color pattern with specific field marks used to eliminate similar species, habitat, behavior, light conditions, optical equipment and previous experience of the observers with the species in question and its relatives. Documenting new or unusual distributional records of birds is only the beginning. Little is known of the habitat, behavior, migration, breeding and ecology of many Neotropical birds. New and significant discoveries await any keen observer with a pair of binoculars and a field guide! We hope this publication will generate new information on the status and distribution of Guyana's birdlife and result in an increased commitment to its preservation. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We give special thanks to the Amerindian Peoples of Guyana for their invaluable assistance during all our fieldwork. The assistance of Harold Ameer, Calvin Bernard, John Caesar, Malcolm and Margaret Chan- A-Sue, Phillip DaSilva, Duane, Sandy and Justin deFreitas, Colin Edwards, Laurice Franklin, Vicki Funk, Patricia Gentili-Poole, Ashley Holland, Shirley Humphrys, Carol Kelloff, Ramesh Lilwah, Diane McTurk, Christopher Milensky, Andy Naraine, Dyantie Naraine, Louis Orella, Claudius Perry, Annie Pitamber, Waldyke Prince, Indarjit Ramdass, Nathan Rice, Michael Tamessar, Tony Thorne and Romeo Williams has been indispensable. Mark Adams, David Agro, David Ascanio, Brian Barber, Robb Brumfield, Kim Bostwick, Santiago Claramunt, H. David Clarke, Mario Cohn-Haft, James Dean, Kristine Erskine, Christina Gebhard, Chris Huddleston, Leo Joseph, Judy Karwacki, Jewel Liddell, Elford Liverpool, Gerlof Mees, Naseem Nasir, Brian O'Shea, Javier Piedra, K.P. Raghunath, Robert Ridgely, Greg Schmitt, Douglas Stotz, Graham Watkins, Bret Whitney, Jane Winchell and Kristof Zyskowski also aided us in many ways. The following organizations provided permission, advice and support: National Biodiversity Advisory Committee of the Environmental Protection Agency, Ministry of Amerindian Affairs, Embassy of the United States of America, Georgetown, Guyana, Wilderness Explorers, Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development, National Geographic Society, American Bird Conservancy, National Aviary, Conservation International, South Rupununi Conservation Society, and American Federation of Aviculturists. This publication is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID.) The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. REFERENCES Bamett, A., R. Shapley, R Benjamin, E. Henry, and M. McGarrell. 2002. Birds of the Potato Plateau, with eight new species for Guyana. Cotinga 18:19-36. Boggan, J., V. Funk, C. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G Cremers, & C. Feuillet. 1997. Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas, 2nd Ed. Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 238 pp. Braun, M. J., D. W. Finch, M. B. Robbins and B. K. Schmidt. 2000. A Field Checklist of the Birds of Guyana. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Braun, M. J., M. B. Robbins, C. M. Milensky, B. J. O'Shea, B. R. Barber, W. Hinds and W. S. Prince. 2003. New birds for Guyana from Mts. Roraima and Ayanganna. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 123: 24-33. Braun, M. J., M. L. Isler, P. R. Isler, J. M. Bates and M. B. Robbins. 2005. Avian speciation in the Pantepui: The case of the Roraiman Antbird (Percnostola [Schistocichla] "leucostigma " saturata). Condor 107: 329-343. Haverschmidt, F., and G. F. Mees. 1994. Birds of Suriname. VACO, N.V., Paramaribo. Hilty, S. L. 2003. Birds of Venezuela. 2nd Ed. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey. HoUowell, T., and R. P. Reynolds, eds. 2005. Checklist of the Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Guiana Shield. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, no 13. Meyer de Schauensee, R., and W. H. Phelps, Jr. 1978. A Guide to the Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, Princeton. O'Shea, B. J., C. M. Milensky, S. Claramunt, B. K. Schmidt, C. A. Gebhard, C. G. Schmitt, and K. T. Erskine. 2007. New records for Guyana, with description of the voice of Roraiman Nightjar (Caprimulgus whitelyi). Bull. Brit. Omith. Club, in press. Parker, T. A., Ill, R. B. Foster, L. H. Emmons, P. Freed, A. B. Forsyth, B. Hoffman, and B. D. Gill. 1993. A biological assessment of the Kanuku Mountain region of southwestern Guyana. Conservation International, RAP Working Papers 5. Remsen, J. V, A. Jaramillo, M. Nores, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, T. S. Schulenberg, F. G. Stiles, J. M. C. da Silva, D. F. Stotz, & K. J. Zimmer. 2007 (March 12 version). A classification ofthe bird species of South America. Am. Ornithologists' Union, http:// www.museum.lsu. edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html. Ridgely, R. S., and G. Tudor. 1989. The Birds of South America, Volume I: The Oscine Passerines. University of Texas Press, Austin. Ridgely, R. S., and G Tudor. 1994. The Birds of South America, Volume IT. The Suboscine Passerines. University of Texas Press, Austin. Ridgely, R. S., D. Agro, & L. Joseph. 2005. Birds of Iwokrama Forest. Proc. Academy of Nat. Sei. 154:109-121. Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun and D. W. Finch. 2003. Discovery of a population of the endangered Red Siskin (Carduelis cucullata) in Guyana. Auk 120: 291-298. Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun and D. W. Finch. 2004. Avifauna of the Guyana southern Rupununi, with comparisons to other savannas of northern South America. Ornitolog?a Neotropical 15:173-200. Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun, Christopher J. Huddleston, Davis W. Finch, & Christopher M. Milensky. 2005. First Guyana records, natural history, and systematics ofthe White-naped Seedeater {Dolospingus fringilloides). Ibis 147: 334-341. Robbins, M. B., M. J. Braun, C. M. Milensky, B. K. Schmidt, W. Prince, N. H. Rice, D. W. Finch and B. J. O'Shea. 2007. Avifauna ofthe Upper Essequibo River and Acary Mountains, Southern Guyana, with comparisons to other Guianan Shield sites. Ornitolog?a Neotropical 18. Snyder, D. E. 1966. The Birds of Guyana. Peabody Museum, Salem. Stotz, D. F., J. W. Fitzpatrick, T. A. Parker III, and D. K. Moskovits. 1996. Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Tostain, Olivier, J.-L. Dujardin, Ch. ?rard and J.-M. Thiollay. 1992. Oiseaux de Guyane. Soci?t? d'?tudes Omithologiques, Brunoy, France. %? I ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME |HABITAT|EN/MI|ABU| Tinamous Tinamidae 1 Great Tinamou Tinamus major LF F 2 Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus LF, SC F 3 Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui SC, LF F 4 Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus LF F 5 Red-leqqed Tinamou Crypturellus erythropus LRSC U 6 Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus varieqatus LF F 7 Rusty Tinamou Crypturellus brevirostris LRMF S Screamers Anhimidae Horned Screamer Anhima cornuta Ducks, Geese Anatidae 9 Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor FW S 10 White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocyqna viduata FW C 11 Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocyqna autumnalis FW C 12 Orinoco Goose Neochen jubata RL FW S 13 Muscovy Duck Cairina mosctiata FW, Rl C 14 Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos FW S 15 Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis FW C 16 Northern Pintail Anas acuta FW NBA S 17 White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis FW, MN S 18 Blue-winged Teal Anasdiscors FW NBA S 19 Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus FW U Curassows, Guans Cracidae 20 Variable Chachalaca Ortalis motmot LRSC C 21 Marail Guan Penelope marail LF GUI U 22 Spix's Guan PenelopeJacquacu LF F 23 Blue-throated Piping-Guan Pipile cumanensis LR MF FL 24 Crestless Curassow Mitu tomentosum RI, LF AMN UL 25 Black Curassow Crax alector LR MF AMN F Quails Odontophoridae 26 Crested Bobwhite Colinus cristatus SV, SC, HU F 27 Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis LF F Grebes Podicipedidae 28 Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus FW F 29 Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps FW S Shearwaters Procellariidae 30 Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea MA ? 31 Greater Shearwater Puffinus gravis * MA ? 32 Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus Iherminieri MA ? Storm-Petrels Hydrobatidae 33 Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus MA ? 34 Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa MA ? Pelicans Pelecanidae 35 Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis Boobies Sulidae 36 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster |(? ENGLISH NAME-SCIENTIFIC NAME HABrrAT EN/MI ABU Cormorants Phalacrocoracidae 1 1 37 Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus 1 FW, Rl 1 1 c 1 Anhingas Anhingidae 1 1 38 Anhinga Anhinga anhinga 1 FW, Rl 1 c Frigatebirds Fregatidae 1 1 39 Magnificent Frigatebird Fragata magnificens 1 MA, MN 1 1 c 1 Herons Ardeidae 40 Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum FW F 41 Fasciated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma fasciatum Rl S 42 Aqami Heron Agamia agami LRRI U 43 Boat-billed Heron Cochiearius cochlearius FW, MN F 44 Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus LRRI S 45 Pinnated Bittern Botaurus pinnatus FW F 46 Least Bittern Ixobrychus exiiis FW F 47 Stripe-backed Bittern Ixobrychus involucris FW ? 48 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax FW, MU C 49 Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa viol?cea MN, FW, MU U 50 Striated Heron Butorides striata FW, MN, Rl C 51 Cattle Eqret Bubulcus ibis HU c 52 Cocoi Heron Ardea cocol FW, Rl c 53 Great Eqret Ardea alba MU, FW c 54 Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus FW, Rl F 55 Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor MN,MU C 56 Snowy Egret Egretta thula MU, MN, FW c 57 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea MN, MU, FW c Ibises Threskiornithidae 58 Scarlet Ibis Eudocimus ruber FW, MN, HU C 59 [Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus] * FW ? 60 Sharp-tailed Ibis Cercibis oxycerca FW, SV F 61 Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis LRRI C 62 Bare-faced Ibis Phimosus infuscatus * FW ? 63 Buff-necked Ibis Theristicus caudatus FW, HU, SV F 64 Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja MU, FW F Storks Ciconiidae 65 Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari SV HU, FW F 66 Jabir? Jabir? mycteria FW, SV F 67 Wood Stork Mycteria americana FW C Vultures Cathartidae 68 Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura HU, SC, SV C 69 Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes burrovianus SV,SC, FW C Ml ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME |HABITAT|EN/MI|ABU| 70 Greater Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes melambrotus LF c 71 Black Vulture Coraqyps atratus se, HU e 72 King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa LR SV F Flamingos Phoenicopteridae 73 Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber I MU, MA I I Osprey Pandionidae 74 Osprey Pandion haliaetus MA, FW, Rl NEA F Hawks, Eagles Accipitridae 75 Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis LF U 76 Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus LF RL MF U 77 Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus LF MF P 78 Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii SV se, HU U 79 White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus HU, SV SC P 80 Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis FW, HU e 81 Slender-billed Kite Helicolestes hamatus RLFW s 82 Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus LF MF u 83 Rufous-thighed Kite Harpagus diodon LFMF AUS? s 84 Plumbeous Kite Ictinia pl?mbea LF p 85 Long-winged Harrier Circus buffoni SV se, FW u 86 Gray-bellied Hawk Accipiter poliogaster LF AUS? s 87 Tiny Hawk Accipiter superciliosus LFMF s 88 Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiterstriatus LF MF s 89 Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor LR SC, SV u 90 Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens LF p 91 Black-faced Hawk Leucopternis melanops LF u 92 White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis LRMR p 93 Common Black-Hawk Buteoqallus anthracinus MN, PA UL 94 Rufous Crab-Hawk Buteogallus aequinoctialis MN, HU P 95 Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga LRRI P 96 Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis SV, se e 97 [Solitary Eagle Harpytialiaetus solitarius] * 7 ? 98 Black-collared Hawk Busarellus niqricollis FW, RI p 99 Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris HU, se p 100 [Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus] LRMR s 101 Gray Hawk Buteo nitidus se, HU p 102 Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus LR u 103 White-tailed Hawk Buteo albicaudatus SV, se p 104 Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus LRSC u 105 Crested Eagle Morphnus quianensis LR s 106 Harpy Eagle Harp?a harpyja LR s 107 Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus melanoleucus LRMR u 108 Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus LR MR PA u 109 Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus LRMR u 10 y I ENGLISH NAME ? SCIENTIFIC NAME |HABITAT|EN/MI|ABU| Falcons, Caracaras Falconidae 110 Black Caracara Daptrius ater Rl, LF, se F 111 Red-throated Caracara Ibycteramericanus LF F 112 Southern Caracara Caracara plancus SV, HU, se e 113 Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima SV se, HU F 114 Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans LRSe U 115 Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis LF u 116 Lined Forest-Falcon Micrastur qilvicollis LF u 117 Slaty-backed Forest-Falcon Micrastur mirandoilei LF s 118 Collared Forest-Falcon Micrastur semitorquatus LRSe u 119 American Kestrel Falco sparverius SV se, HU F 120 [Merlin Falco columbarius] HU, MU, SV NBA S 121 Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis LR se, RI F 122 Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus LR MF S 123 Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis SV se U 124 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus MU, se, HU NEA u Limpkin Aramidae |l25 Limpkin Aramus guarauna Trumpeters Psophiidae |126 Gray-winged Trumpeter Psophia crepitans Rails Rallidae 127 Speckled Crake Coturnicops notatus SV S 128 Ocellated Crake Micropygia schomburgkii SV U 129 Clapper Rail Rallus lonqirostris MN F 130 Gray-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea FW, MN, LF F 131 Rufous-necked Wood-Rail Aramides axillaris MN, LF U 132 Uniform Crake Amaurolimnas concolor LF S 133 Russet-crowned Crake Anurolimnas viridis svse U 134 Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius FW F 135 Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exitis FW, SV S 136 Yellow-breasted Crake Porzana flaviventer FW u 137 Ash-throated Crake Porzana albicollis FW F 138 Sora Porzana Carolina FW NEA S 139 Paint-billed Crake Neocrex erythrops HU, FW u 140 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus FW s 141 Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinica FW F 142 Azure Gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris FW F Finfoots Heliornithidae 1 |l43 Sungrebe Heliornis f?lica 1 FW, RI 1 1 F 1 Sunbittern Eurypygidae 1 |144 Sunbittern Eurypyga hallas 1 RI,LF 1 F 11 Ml ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME |HABITAT|EN/MI|ABU| Plovers Charadriidae 145 Pied Lapwinq Vanellus cayanus Rl F 146 Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis FW, HU, SV C 147 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica SV, HU NEA F 148 Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola MU NEA C 149 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus MU NEA C 150 Wilson's Plover Charadrius wilsonia MU u 151 Collared Plover Charadrius collaris MU, Rl F Stilts Recurvirostridae 1 |l52 Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus 1 FW NEA? S 1 Thick-knees Burhinidae 1 |l53 Double-Striped Thick-knee Burhinus bistriatus 1 SV, HU F 1 Sandpipers Scolopacidae 154 Wilson's Snipe Gallinaqo delicata FW, SV NEA ? 155 South American Snipe Gallinago paraguaiae FW, SV F 156 Giant Snipe Gallinago undulata SV, FW S 157 Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus MU NEA C 158 [Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica] MU, FW NEA S 159 Eskimo Curlew Numenius borealis f SV NEA t 160 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus MU, MN, HU NEA F 161 Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda SV, HU NEA S 162 Willet Trinqa semipalmata MU, MN NEA F 163 Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca FW, MU, HU NEA C 164 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes FW, MU, HU NEA C 165 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria FW, Rl NEA F 166 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius Rl, MN, FW NEA C 167 Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres MU NEA C 168 Red Knot Calidris canutus MU NEA c 169 Sanderling Calidris alba MU NEA c 170 Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla MU NEA c 171 Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri MU NEA c 172 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla MU, FW NEA F 173 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis MU, FW NEA C 174 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos MU, FW, HU NEA F 175 [Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus] MU, FW NEA U 176 [Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis] SV, HU NEA S Jacanas Jacanidae 177 Wattled Jacana Jacanajacana Skuas Stercorariidae 178 Great Skua Stercorarius skua MA NEA ? 179 Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus MA NEA S 180 [Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus] MA NEA ? Gulls, Terns Laridae 181 [Lesser Black-backed Gull Larusfuscus] MA, MU NEA U 12 Ill I ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME iHABnAlJEN/MllABul 182 Laughing Gull Larus atricilla MA, MU C 183 Brown Noddy Anous stolidus MA S 184 Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus MA S 185 Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus] MA ? 186 Least Tern Sternula antillarum MA, MU NEA F 187 Yellow-billed Tern Sternula superciliaris Rl, FW C 188 Large-billed Tern Phaetusa simplex Rl, FW F 189 Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica MA, MU, FW U 190 [Black Tern Chlidonias niger] MA NEA F 191 Common Tern Sterna hirundo MA, MU NEA C 192 Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii MA, MU NEA C 193 [Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea] MA NEA ? 194 Sandwich Tern Ttialasseus sandvicensis MA, MU C 195 [Royal Tern Thalasseus maximus] MA, MU c Skimmers Rynchopidae 196 Black Skimmer Rynchops niger MA, MU, Rl C Pigeons, Doves Columbidae 197 Common Ground-Dove Columbina passerina se, HU, SV C 198 Plain-breasted Ground-Dove Columbina minuta SV se U 199 Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti se, HU C 200 Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa LF, se F 201 Rock Pigeon Columba livia HU CL 202 Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa LF, se, SV F 203 Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis se, SV, Rl C 204 Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas pl?mbea LR MF F 205 Ruddy Pigeon Patagioenas subvinacea LR MF F 206 Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata se, HU, SV C 207 White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi se C 208 Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla LF F 209 Violaceous Quail-Dove Geotrygon viol?cea LF ? 210 Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana LF U Parrots Psittacidae 211 Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna PA, LR Rl P 212 Scarlet Macaw Aramacao LF P 213 Red-and-green Macaw Ara chloropterus LF P 214 Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severus LRSC SL 215 Red-bellied Macaw Orthopsittaca manilata PA, SV C 216 Red-shouldered Macaw Diopsittaca nobilis PA, SV se C 217 White-eyed Parakeet Aratinga leucophthalma LF C 218 Sun Parakeet Aratinga solstitialis SVSC AMN SL 219 Brown-throated Parakeet Aratinga pertinax SVSC C 220 Painted Parakeet Pyrrhura picta LR MR C 221 Fiery-shouldered Parakeet Pyrrhura egregia MF TEP P 222 Green-rumped Parrotlet Forpus passerinus LRHU c 223 Dusky-billed Parrotlet Forpus sclateri LR u 13 y I ENGLISH NAME ? SCIENTIFIC NAME HABITAllEN/MI ABU 224 Golden-winged Parakeet Brotogeris chrysoptera LF C 225 Tepui Parrotlet Nannopsittaca panychlora MF, LF TER C 226 Lilac-tailed Parrotlet Touit batavicus LF C 227 Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet Touit huetii LF U 228 Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet Touitpurpuratus LRMF U 229 Black-headed Parrot Pionites melanocephalus LF AMN F 230 Caica Parrot Gypopsitta caica LF GUI F 231 Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus LF C 232 Dusky Parrot Pionus fuscus LF C 233 Blue-cheeked Parrot Amazona dufresniana LRRI U 234 Festive Parrot Amazona festiva LF ? 235 Yellow-crowned Parrot Amazona ochrocephala SV, SC c 236 Orange-winged Parrot Amazona amaz?nica LRSC c 237 Mealy Parrot Amazona farinosa LF c 238 Red-fan Parrot Deroptyus accipitrinus LF c Hoatzin Opisthocomidae 1239 Hoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin Cuckoos Cuculidae 240 Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus LF NBA U 241 Pearly-breasted Cuckoo Coccyzus euleri LF AUS? S 242 Mangrove Cuckoo Coccyzus minor MN U 243 Dark-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus melacoryphus LF AUS? U 244 Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana LF P 245 Black-bellied Cuckoo Piaya meianogaster LF U 246 Little Cuckoo Piaya minuta SC, FW P 247 Greater An 1 Crotophaga major Rl, MN, FW c 248 Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani SC, HU c 249 Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia SC, SV, HU p 250 Pavonine Cuckoo Dromococcyx pavoninus LR MR u 251 Rufous-winged Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus rufipennis LR GUI u Barn Owls Tytonidae 1252 Barn Owl Tyto alba Typical Owls Strigidae 253 Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choiiba SC, LP P 254 Tawny-bellied Screech-Owl Megascops watsonii LR u 255 Vermiculated Screech-Owl Megascops guatemalae MR u 256 Crested Owl Loptiostrix cristata LRMP u 257 Spectacled Owl Puisatrix perspiciilata LP u 258 Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus SC, SV u 259 Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata LRMP ? 260 Black-banded Owl Ciccaba huhuia LR MR ? 261 Amazonian Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium hardyi LR MR u 262 Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum SC, LP p 263 Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia SV, SC p 264 Striped Owl Pseudoscops clamator SV, SC s 265 Stygian Owl Asio stygius SC, LP s 266 Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus SVHU s 14 i^l ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME iHABnAlJEN/MllABul Oilbird Steatornithidae 1267 Oilbird Steatornis caripensis Pot?os Nyctibiidae 268 Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis LF U 269 Long-tailed Potoo Nyctibius aethereus LF S 270 Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus LR SC, MN F 271 White-winged Potoo Nyctibius leucopterus LF U 272 Rufous Potoo Nyctibius bracteatus LF S Nighthawks, Nightjars Caprimulgidae 273 Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus LRRI F 274 Least Nighthawk Chordeiles pusillus SV C 275 Lesser Nighthawk Ctiordeiles acutipennis SC, SV C 276 Band-tailed Nighthawk Nyctiprogne leucopyga Rl c 277 Nacund? Nighthawk Podager nacund? SV, SC c 278 Common Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis SC, HU c 279 Rufous Nightjar Caprimulgus rufus SCLF F 280 Band-winged Nightjar Caprimulgus iongirostris SC, SV ? 281 White-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus cayennensis SVSC F 282 Spot-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus maculicaudus SV, FW F 283 Blackish Nightjar Caprimulgus nigrescens LR SC, Rl F 284 Roraiman Nightjar Caprimulgus whiteiyi SC, SV TEP UL 285 Ladder-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis climacocerca Rl F Swifts Apodidae 286 White-chinned Swift Cypseloides cryptus MRRI CL 287 Black Swift Cypseloides niger 7 NBA? ? 288 Tepui Swift Streptoprocne phelpsi MRRI TEP CL 289 White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris MR LR se C 290 Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicaudus LRRI C 291 Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris LR MR Rl C 292 Chapman's Swift Chaetura chapmani LR se, Rl U 293 Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura LR se, HU C 294 [White-tipped Swift Aeronautas montivagus] MF FL 295 Fork-tailed Palm-Swift Tachornis squamata PA, SV se C 296 Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis LF U Hummingbirds Trochilidae 297 Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus LF U 298 Pale-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes leucurus LRRI U 299 Streak-throated Hermit Phaethornis rupurumii LRRI U 300 Little Hermit Phaethornis longuemareus LR U 301 Reddish Hermit Phaethornis ruber LR F 302 Sooty-capped Hermit Phaethornis augusti SC, LR MF U 15 ^\ ENGLISH NAME ? SCIENTIFIC NAME |HABITAT|EN/MI|ABU| 303 Straight-billed Hermit Phaethomis bourcieri LF, MF P 304 Long-tailed Hermit Phaethomis superciliosus LR MF P 305 Blue-fronted Lancebill Doryfera johannae MF U 306 Gray-breasted Sabrewing Campylopterus larqipennis LF P 307 Rufous-breasted Sabrewing Campylopterus hyperythrus MF TER e 308 White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora LRRI p 309 Brown Violetear Colibr? delphinae MF u 310 [Sparkling Violetear Colibr? coruscans] MR se PL 311 Green-throated Mango Anthracothorax vir?digula MN,SC U 312 Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis se, LR RI P 313 Fiery-tailed Awlbill Avocettula recun/irostris LP S 314 Crimson Topaz Topaza pella RLLF u 315 Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus se, SV p 316 Tufted Coquette Lophornis ornatus LF u 317 Peacock Coquette Lophornis pavoninus MF TER u 318 Racket-tailed Coquette Discosura longicaudus LF u 319 Blue-chinned Sapphire Chlorestes notata LRSe p 320 Blue-tailed Emerald Chlorostilbon mellisugus se, SV LP p 321 Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata LRMP p 322 Rufous-throated Sapphire Hylocharis sapphirina LRSe u 323 White-chinned Sapphire Hylochar?s cyanus LP p 324 White-tailed Goldenthroat Polytmus guainumbi SV p 325 [Tepui Goldenthroat Polytmus millen] * 7 TER ? 326 Green-tailed Goldenthroat Polytmus theresiae FW, SV p 327 Plain-bellied Emerald Amazilia leucogaster LR MN, HU p 328 Versicolored Emerald Amazilia versicolor LRSe UL 329 White-chested Emerald Amazilia brevirostr?s LRSe P 330 Glittering-throated Emerald Amazilia fimbriata SV se, LP c 331 Green-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia viridigaster MR se, RI u 332 Velvet-browed Brilliant Heliodoxa xanthogonys MR se TER e 333 Black-eared Fairy Heliothryx auritus LP u 334 Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris LRRI p 335 Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina se, LP u Trogons Trogonidae 336 White-tailed Trogon Trogon viridis LP P 337 Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus LP P 338 Collared Trogon Trogon collaris MP P 339 Masked Trogon Trogon personatus MP U 340 Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus LP P 341 Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus LP P Kingfishers Alcedinidae 342 Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata RI, PW, MN P 343 [Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon] PW NEA S 16 )[#| ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME [HABnAlJEN/MllABul 344 Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona Rl, FW, MN F 345 Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana Rl, FW, MN F 346 Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda Rl, FW, LF U 347 American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea Rl, LF, FW U Motmots Momotidae 1348 Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota Jacamars Galbulidae 349 Brown Jacamar Brachygalba lugubris Rl, SC CL 350 Yellow-billed Jacamar G?lbula albirostris LF AMN 351 Rufous-tailed Jacamar G?lbula ruficauda LF, SC UL 352 Green-tailed Jacamar G?lbula g?lbula LF, SC 353 Bronzy Jacamar G?lbula leucogastra SC, LF 354 Paradise Jacamar G?lbula dea LRRI 355 Great Jacamar Jacamerops aureus LF U Puffbirds Bucconidae 356 Guianan Puffbird Notharchus macrorhynchos LF GUI U 357 Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus LF U 358 Spotted Puffbird Buceo tamatia SCLF F 359 Collared Puffbird Buceo capensis LF F 360 White-chested Puffbird Malacoptila fusca LF U 361 Rusty-breasted Nunlet Nonnula rubecula LF U 362 Black Nunbird Monasa atra LF AMN c 363 Swallow-winged Puffbird Chelidoptera tenebrosa Rl, SC, LF c New World Barbets Capitonidae 1364 Black-spotted Barbet Capito niger Toucans Ramphastidae 365 Toco Toucan Ramphastos toco SV, Rl UL 366 White-throated Toucan Ramphastos tucanus LF C 367 Channel-billed Toucan Ramphastos vitellinus LF C 368 Chestnut-tipped Toucanet Aulacorhynchus derbianus MF U 369 Guianan Toucanet Selenidera culik LF GUI F 370 Tawny-tufted Toucanet Selenidera nattereri * LF S 371 Green Aracari Pteroglossus viridis LF GUI F 372 Black-necked Aracari Pteroglossus aracari LF F Woodpeckers Picidae 373 Golden-spangled Piculet Picumnus exilis LF F 374 White-bellied Piculet Picumnus spilogaster MN, Rl, HU F 375 White-barred Piculet Picumnus cirratus SC F 376 [White Woodpecker Melanerpes candidus] HU S 377 Yellow-tufted Woodpecker Melanerpes cruentatus LF, HU F 378 Red-crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus LF, MN ? 17 S? ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME HABITAT EN/MI ABU 379 Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus Rl, SC R 380 Blood-colored Woodpecker Veniliornis sanguineus LF, MN, HU GUI R 381 Red-rumped Woodpecker Veniliornis kirkii MF U 382 Golden-collared Woodpecker Veniliornis Cassini LF GUI R 383 Yellow-throated Woodpecker Piculus flavigula LF R 384 Golden-green Woodpecker Piculus chrysochloros LF U 385 Golden-olive Woodpecker Piculus rubiginosus MRLF R 386 Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula Rl, MN, SC R 387 Waved Woodpecker Celeus undatus LF R 388 Chestnut Woodpecker Celeus elegans LF R 389 Cream-colored Woodpecker Celeus flavus LF R 390 Ringed Woodpecker Celeus torquatus LF U 391 Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus LF, SC, HU R 392 Red-necked Woodpecker Campephilus rubricollis LF, MF R 393 Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos LRHU R Ovenbirds Furnariidae 394 Pale-legged Hornero Furnarius leucopus Rl, SC R 395 Pale-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albescens SV, HU, SC R 396 Ruddy Spinetail Synallaxis rutilans LF U 397 McConnell's Spinetail Synallaxis macconnelli LR MF GUI SL 398 Plain-crowned Spinetail Synallaxis gujanensis SC, HU R 399 Hoary-throated Spinetail Synallaxis kollari Rl, SC GUI RL 400 Rusty-backed Spinetail Cranioleuca vulpina * Rl, SC ? 401 Tepui Spinetail Cranioleuca demissa MF TER R 402 Yellow-chinned Spinetail Certhiaxis cinnamomeus FW, SC C 403 Roraiman Barbtail Roraimia adusta MF TER R 404 Point-tailed Palmcreeper Berlepschia rikeri PA R 405 Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleaner Philydor ruficaudatum LR MR U 406 Rufous-rumped Foliage-gleaner Philydor erythrocercum LR MR R 407 Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-gleaner Philydor pyrrhodes LR U 408 Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus LR R 409 Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner Automolus infuscatus LR R 410 White-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus roraimae MR TER U 411 Ruddy Foliage-gleaner Automolus rubiginosus MR LR U 412 Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner Automolus rufipileatus Rl, LR R 413 Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus LR MR U 414 Short-billed Leaftosser Sclerurus rufigularis LR U 415 Black-tailed Leaftosser Sclerurus caudacutus LRMR u 416 Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper Lochmias nematura MRRI UL 417 Rufous-tailed Xenops Xenops milleri LR S 18 V ENGLISH NAME - SCIENTIFIC NAME HABFTAT EN/MI ABU 418 Slender-billed Xenops Xenops tenuirostris LF S 419 Plain Xenops Xenops minutus LF F 420 Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincia fuliginosa LF F 421 White-chinned Woodcreeper Dendrocincia merula LF U 422 Long-tailed Woodcreeper Deconychura iongicauda LF U 423 Spot-throated Woodcreeper Deconyctiura stictoiaema LF u 424 Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapilius LRSC UL 425 Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Giypiiorynciius spirurus LR MF F 426 Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper Dendrexetastes rufiguia RI, LF UL 427 Red-billed Woodcreeper Hylexetastes perrotii LF U 428 Strong-billed Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynctius LRMF U 429 Amazonian Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocoiaptes certhia LF F 430 Black-banded Woodcreeper Dendrocoiaptes picumnus LR MR U 431 Straight-billed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus picus MN, RL SC F 432 Striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus obsoletus LRRI F 433 Chestnut-rumped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus pardalotus LRMP F 434 Buff-throated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus LR F 435 Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii Rl, SC UL 436 Lineated Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes albolineatus LR F 437 Curve-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus procurvoides LR U Typical Antbirds Thamnophilidae 438 Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus LR F 439 Black-throated Antshrike Frederickena viridis LR GUI U 440 Great Antshrike Taraba major HU.SC F 441 Black-crested Antshrike Sai?sphorus canadensis SC, MN F 442 Band-tailed Antshrike Sal