A REVISION OF THE AMERICAN PARASITIC FLIESBELONGING TO THE GENUS BELVOSIAfi^By J. M. Aldrich,Associate Curator, Division of Insects, United States National Museum
The present paper contains descriptions of 36 species and 2 varietiesof flies belonging to the genus Belvosia, of which 19 species and 2varieties are new to science.It is based on the material in the United vStates National Musemn,together with that in the American Museum of Natural History, theUniversity of Kansas, the Vienna Natural History Museum, and thatin the private collections of C. W. Johnson, Prof. Jas. S, Hine, andProf. A. L. Melander. Mr. C. H. Curran, in charge of the Diptera ofthe Canadian National Collection, kindly furnished paratypes of twoof his species that I had not seen. I should especially mention thegenerosity of Dr. F. Maidl, of the Vienna museum, who sent all thematerial in that museum which had been studied] by Messrs. Brauerand Bergenstamm.Genua BELVOSIA Robineau-DesvoidyBelvosia Robineau-Desvoidt, Myodaires, 1830, p. 103.
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Osten Sacken,Catalogue N. A. Diptera, 1878, p. 153.
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Van der Wulp, Biologia, Dipt.,vol. 2, 1888, p. 29.
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Williston, Insect Life, vol. 5, 1893, p. 238.
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Brauerand Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., pt. 6, 1893, p. 238.
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Adams, inWilliston's Manual, 1908, pp. 372, 373.
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Townsend, Taxonomy Muse.Flies, 1908, p. 103.?Curran, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, vol. 22, 1927, p. 150.Latreillia Robineau-Desvoidy, Myodaires, 1830, p. 104.
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Brauer andBergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., pt. 4, 1889, p. 97; pt. 6, 1893, pp. 123,204.Willistonia Brauer and Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., pt. 4, 1889, p.97; pt. 5, 1891, pp. 349, 403; pt. 6, 1893, p. 123.?Townsend, MuscoidFlies, 1908, p. 103.Latreillimyia Townsend, Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 105.Goniomima Townsend, Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 105.Triachora Townsend, Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 106.Belvosiomima Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, 1915, p. 413.Belvosiopsis Townsend, Revista Museu Paulista, vol. 15, 1926, p. 248.The sole original species of Belvosia was hicinda, new, from Carolinaand the Antilles. LatreiUia contained two American species, MuscaNo. 2729.-PROCEEDINQS U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 73. ART. 878967?28 1 1
2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 73hifasciata Fabricius and unifasciaia, new, as well as eight from the OldWorld. Brauer and Bergenstamm apparently indicated hifasciata astype, and this species was definitely designated by Coquillett,^ Latreil-lia being preoccupied, LatreiUimyia was proposed to replace it, takingthe same genotype. Willistonia had but one originally included species,Musca esuriens Fabricius. Goniomima had but one originally includedspecies, Belvosia luteola Coquillett, which was also designated as type.Triachora had but one originally included species, Latreillia unifasciataRobineau-Desvoidy, which was also designated as type. Belvosiomimahad but one originally included species, fosteri, new, which was alsodesignated as type. Belvosiopsis was proposed for the single specieshrasiliensis, new, also designated as type; this I place as a synonymof Belvosia leucopyga Van der Wulp.Thus it appears that there are seven different generic names toconsider in this group, each based on a different type species. I havestudied with care all the type species, with reference not only to thegeneric characters originally mentioned but to others which mighthave this value. In nearly 40 species, represented by about 700specimens, there is such a complete blending of the characters that Ican not find one which will divide the mass in a consistent manner;nor do I see how a satisfactory division can be made into half a dozenor more genera. The genera have all been made on too few species,and the describers attribute higher value to length of antennae, dis-tance of vibrissae from oral margin, etc., than I can find. It is truethat certain species when compared with each other seem genericallydistinct in the absence of others which connect them ; and I thoughtfor some time that two or three genera could be maintained. Thegenitalia are very homogeneous and the reproductive habits are thesame throughout, as far as known.Williston; in his 1893 paper, discussed the characters in an ablemanner, and showed that those used by Brauer and Bergenstammwere not of generic value. He saw that if they were even specificthere must be many more species than were then supposed, but leftthe question of specific limits for future study.The generic characters of Belvosia as here taken are as follows:The head is uncommonly wide, but short, the anterior surface flat-tened; length at vibrissae not much less than at antennae; front broadin both sexes; eyes bare; ocellar bristles absent, frontals varying widelyin the sexes and in different species, from three irregular rows to onenearly regular; proclmate orbitals present in all females, and in themales of luteola, unifasciata, fosteri, ochriventris , slossonae, and equi-noctialis ; vibrissae considerably above the oral margin, the distancein general about the same as the length of the second antennal joint;parafacials broad, bare; facial ridges always bristly to nearly one-half
> Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 37, 1910, p. ."iSS.
ABT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 3their height, often much more; penultimate joint of arista distinctand a little elongated, not genicidate; arista usually thickened formost of its length, sometimes flattened nearly to the tip; cheeks uni-formly a little less than half the eye height; palpi and proboscis nor-mal. Thorax with usually four sternopleurals (from three to six ormore) ; scutellum with a row of long, depressed laterals, from four tosix pairs, and sometimes a smaller, suberect, spiny apical pair, whichare highly variable and poorly developed as a rule. The number oflaterals is somewhat variable also and of slight importance in sepa-rating the species. Abdomen generally broad, never with discals, thegenitaha of the male rather small and showing but feeble specificcharacters; they are of a common type, consisting of inner and outerpairs of thick, short forceps, the penis elbowed and ending in a vase-like opening. The wings are very uniform, third vein with only afew bristles at base, apical cell open far before the tip. Legs withgood characters in the male pulvilli, which are usually enlarged, andwith the bristles of the outer side of the hind tibia variously developedbut subject to sexual variation in the species.The characters which seem most useful are the color of the smallhairs below the lowest frontals, and the extent of the pale pollen onthe third and fourth abdominal segments; other details of the pollenof the abdomen furnish many minor points, and these seem to bevery constant in well-preserved specimens. I have omitted the tho-racic chaetotaxy almost entirely, as it is too uniform to give any spe-cific characters except in rare cases. A delicate character of someimportance in males is the shape of the upper curve of the compoundeye; where this is more broadly rounded the front does not begin towiden for a short distance from the vertex; but in some species (bifas-ciata, for example) the eye is narrow and almost pointed above, sothat the front widens immediately from the vertex. The pollen ofthe parafrontals gives a number of good specific characters, especiallyin males. The frontal bristles I view with suspicion, as they seemhighly variable. The length of the third antennal joint as comparedwith the second has a considerable value, although some variationmust be expected. The pulvilli of the males offer several degrees ofdevelopment, and seem constant for the sex and species.The nearest related genus is perhaps Atacta Schiner, in which thethoracic and abdominal structure are much like unifasciata; it, how-ever, has a narrow front in the male, very fiat facial ridges, frontalbristles reduced, and the ocellars are present.The reproductive habits are the same in all species as far as known;the females lay large numbers of minute eggs on foliage which are swal-lowed by caterpillars along with the leaf which they are eating. Thisis the second group of Pantel, which includes Gonia, SpaUanzania, etc.The genus is known only from the New World.
4 PEOCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM tol. 73KBT TO SPBCIES OF BBLTOSIA
1. Fourth abdominal segment wholly shining black, the usual pollen absent 2.Fourth abdominal segment black, with a conspicuous large spot of pale pollenabove, which does not extend down the sides nor reach the tip ; abdomenelsewhere black (Argentina, Brazil) weyenberghiana Van der Wulp.Fourth abdominal segment densely poUinose on basal half or more, thepollen extending down the sides and ranging in color from almost whiteto reddish orange 3.2. Second abdominal segment with two or three pairs of spinelike median mar-ginal bristles; large, spinose, robust species (Bolivia) __manni, new species.Second abdominal segment with a continuous marginal row of about 18bristles; medium-sized, less spinose species (south Brazil).australis, new species.3. Both third and fourth abdominal segments with pollen of deep orange orreddish color 4.Pollen not alike on the two segments, or else paler, at most golden 5.4. Pollen of head brown except facial ridges and a spot on parafacial, where itis silvery (San Domingo) vanderwulpi Williston.Pollen of head silvery white (Jamaica) ferruginosa Townsend.5. The small hairs below lowest frontals are pale and delicate 6.These hairs are black and generally less delicate 14.6. Fourth abdominal segment wholly pale poUinose to apex 7.Fourth abdominal segment with the tip black, including bases of marginalbristles (south Florida) slossonae Ooquillett.7. Third and fourth segments of abdomen with broad, uninterrupted cross-bands of dense yellow pollen ; basal abdominal segments black 8.Third segment not strongly contrasting with second, the band if broadclearly interrupted; abdomen generaly more reddish or yellow in groundcolor ? 9.8. Third segment densely yellow poUinose to tip, like the fourth (UnitedStates) semiflava, new species.Third segment black at tip (Mexico, Brazil) mexicana, new species.9. Second abdominal segment shining translucent yeUow, with median blackstripe (Porto Rico, Peru) luteola Ooquillett.Second abdominal segment with obvious pollen over most of its surface, orblack in ground color 10.10. Ground color of abdomen yellow (Mexico, Panama).ochriventris Van der Wulp.Ground color of abdomen black, sometimes tending toward reddish but notyellow 11.11. Male without orbitals {recticomia Macquart) 12.Male with orbitals 13.12. Third antennal joint black (Mexico, Peru, Ecuador)?recticornis Macquart.Third antennal joint almost entirely red (Brazil).recticornis var. ruficornis, new.13. Third antennal joint six times the second in the male, in the female threetimes; male pulvilli small (Paraguay, Brazil) fosteri Townsend.Third antennal joint hardly three times the second in the male, twice in thefemale; front pulvilli in male longer than last tarsal joint (Peru, Guate-mala, Porto Rico) equinoctialis Townsend.14. Fourth abdominal segment with dense yellow pollen to tip 15.Fourth abdominal segment black at tip, including the bases of the marginalbristles 22.
ABT.8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH
15. Pollen of second and third abdominal segments gray, that of fourth deepgolden, strongly contrasting (northern species) 16.Pollen of second and third abdominal segments velvet black, that of fourthpale golden (Brazil) wiedemanni, new species.Pollen not as described 17.16. Thorax indistinctly striped, male with orbitals ; front in both sexes translu-cent yellow, shining, not pollinose (eastern United States).Tinifasciata Robineau-Desvoidy.Thorax very distinctly striped; male without orbitals; front much darker(Virginia, Maryland) omissa, new species.17. Large blackish species; male with large pulvilli 18.Moderate-sized species ; male with small pulvilli except possible in vittata 20.18. Third abdominal segment wtih broad, deep yellow uninterrupted pollinoseband matching the fourth and leaving only the apical quarter black(Mexico, Brazil) mexicana, new species.Third segment not as described (compare canalis also) 19.19. Third abdominal segment with very narrow basal pollinose band ; male withouter forceps brown, not swollen (Mexico, Costa Rica; analis of authors).ciliata, new species.Third abdominal segment with interrupted pollinose band covering basalhalf; male with outer forceps yellowish except at tip, distinctly swollen(South America, Panama, West Indies) ciliata var. formosa, new.20. Thorax very distinctly striped ; third antennal joint of male very long, sevenor eight times the second (Paraguay) vittata, new species.Thorax indistinctly striped ; third antennal joint not so long 21.21. Third antennal joint red, hairs of cheeks pale yellow (Brazil).frontalis, new species.Third antennal joint black, hairs of cheeks blackish but delicate (Brazil).elusa, new species.22. Third abdominal segment with complete dense golden pollinose band cover-ing all but the apical fourth or fifth, which is black 23.Third abdominal segment wholly golden pollinose to the apex on the sides, anarrow hind margin along the middle of the dorsum black (Alberta,Middle West) canadensis Curran.Third abdominal segment with narrower or distinctly interrupted cross-band 27.Third segment entirely black, the only pale pollen being on the fourth(Brazil, Venezuela) leucopyga Van der Wulp.23. Cheeks with very thin pollen, the black ground color showing through ; para-frontals shining black (Manitoba, Illinois, Kansas) splendens Curran.Cheeks with dense white pollen 24.24. Front calypter blackened, frequently the hind one also; wings blackish;very large forms 25.Front calypter white or barely yellowish; wings brown; not so large 26.25. First and second abdominal segments with three pairs (rarely two) ofmedian marginals ; male with front pulvilli long, much longer than lasttarsal joint. The largest species of all (United States, mostly northeast).borealis, new species.First and second abdominal segments with only a single pair each of medianmarginals ; male with front pulvilli short, not equalling last tarsal joint(if with long pulvilli see mexicana) (United States, Guatemala).bifasciata Fabricius.
6 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.7326. Male with bright silvery parafrontals ; antennae black, third joint in malethree times the second; facial ridges of male strongly bristly (easternUnited States) argentifrons, new species.Male with parafrontals generally with yellowish pollen, dull ; antennae some-what reddish, third joint in male twice the second ; bristles of facialridges not uncommonly strong (United States) townsendi, new species.27. Third antennal joint only a little longer than second ; vibrissae more thantwo-thirds the length of the third antennal joint above oral margin (wide-spread) bicincta Robineau-Desvoidy.Third joint usually more than twice the second, vibrissae never more thanhalf the length of the third joint above the oral margin 28.28. With only a single row of frontal bristles, not counting the orbitals infemale 29.With at least a partial second row of frontals 30.29. Third abdominal segment with only narrow trace of poilinose basal band,male with bright silvery parafrontals (Brazil) potens Wiedemann.Third abdominal segment with pale yellow basal crossband covering half ofthe segment (Salvador) nigrifrons, new species.30. Second abdominal segment with two or three pairs of median marginals;robust, spiny species (Guatemala, Brazil) lata, new species.Second abdominal segment with only one pair of median marginals asusual 31.31. Third abdominal segment with only a very narrow basal poilinose band,covering about one-sixth of its width (Brazil) smithi, new species.Third abdominal segment with interrupted band covering about one-half ofits width, rarely a little less 32.32. Hind coxae on inner side with two or three strikingly long, stout spinesdirected backward (Paraguay, Brazil, Cuba) spinicoxa, new species.Hind coxae with distinct but not striking bristles 33.33. Hind tibia stout, with coarse, irregular bristles on outer side (Brazil).esuriens Fabricius.Hind tibia with a dense row of almost even cilia on outer side 34.34. Second abdominal segment shining black, parafrontals in male dark plumbe-ous (Brazil, British Guiana) williamsi, new species.Second abdominal segment opaque black, parafrontals in male with denseyellowish pollen (Canal Zone, Brazil) canalis, new species.BELVOSIA WEYENBERGHIANA Van der WnipBelvosia weyenberghiana Van der Wulp, Tijdsch. v. Ent., vol. 26, 1883,p. 26. pi. 1, fig. 16.Male.?Front at vertex 0.34 of the head width, the sides nearlyparallel for a short distance ; face, parafacials, cheeks, and posteriororbits white poilinose. Parafrontals with much thinner pollen, darkand subshining over most of their area. Frontal bristles very irreg-ular, hardly in three rows, more erect than in most of the species.The hairs of the upper parafacials are black ; cheek nearly two-thirds the eye height, with black hairs, some quite bristly. Anten-nae blackish, the third joint quite short, one and a half times thesecond. Vibrissae about the length of the second antennal joint,above the oral margin; facial ridges with black bristles extendingabove the middle. Palpi yellow.
ABT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 7Thorax black, with gray pollen in front, becoming brown behind,decidedly so on the scutellum. Sternopleurals variable, from threeto six.Abdomen black subopaque, of uniform color, except on the fourthsegment, which has a very striking spot of pale yellow pollen cover-ing the whole upper surface except the apical fifth. This polUnosearea bears no small hairs and ends abruptly at the sides. Secondsegment with 4 to 6 marginals.Legs black. Front pulvilli elongated, nearly twice the last tarsaljointr Hind tibia with a row of nearly a dozen bristles of increasingsize on the basal two-thirds, a few coarse hairs with these and extend-ing to the tip.Wings almost black, fourth vein rather strikingly curved backwardat the bend, which is rounded. Calypters blackish.Female.?Yront 0.35 of the head width, widening from vertex.Front pulvilli small.Length, 10 mm.Redescribed from 1 male specimen collected at Sao Paulo, Brazil(Dr. A. Lutz), and 6 males and 10 females in the Vienna Museum,12 of which are labeled "Beske, Brasilien"; 3 are "Natterer Brasil";1 simply "Brasilien." Three of these are added to the NationalMuseum collection. The type was a male from Argentina.BELVOSIA MANNI, new speciesFemale.?A large robust species without pale pollen on the abdomen.Front at vertex 0.38 of the head width, widening immediately fromthe level of the anterior ocellus. Parafrontals with thin plumbeouspollen, becoming shining in the middle region. Frontal stripes almostblack, the frontal bristles in two irregular rows, besides three proclinateorbitals each side, the small hairs below the frontals are black.Parafacials and cheeks with almost white pollen, both very broad,the cheek fully one-half the eye height, with black hairs. Facialridges with small bristles about halfway up. The vibrissae morethan half the length of the third joint above the oral margin. Anten-nae black, the third joint less than twice the second and somewhatprotuberant near the arista. Palpi dark yellow; beard white.Thorax decidedly black, with thin gray pollen which changes todark brown on the scutellum. Scutellum with six pairs of long bristlesin the described specimen, without any smaller apical suberect pair.Abdomen very broad, entirely black, rather dull, without distinctpollen. The first segment with three pairs of marginal bristles, thesecond with three on one side and two on the other, the third with amarginal row of about 14 ; the fourth with a row of about the samenumber situated at two-thirds of the length, a few smaller bristles onthe extreme apex.
8 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73Legs black, claws and pulvilli yellow; hind tibia with six or eightsuberect bristles on the outer side, just behind which are numeroussloping cilia.Wings dark brown, bend of fourth vein rather close to margin, thedistance about half of that between hind cross vein and bend. Bothcalypters blackish.Length, 15.5 mm.Described from one female collected at Ixiamas, Bolivia, in Decem-ber, 1921, by Dr. W. M. Mann, while director of the MulfordBiological Exploration.2V^e.?Female, Cat. No. 40474, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA AUSTRALIS, new speciesFemale.?Front 0.35 of the head width at level of the front ocel-lus, widening rapidly below; parafrontals with thin plumbeous pollen,having a blackish appearance in some directions but not actuallyshining. The frontal bristles mostly in a single row except threepairs of proclinate orbitals. The hairs below the frontals are rathernumerous and distinctly black. Face, parafacial, and cheek shiningwhite pollinose, almost silvery; vibrissae not so far above the mouthas in most species, the distance being somewhat less than the lengthof the second antennal joint; facial ridges bristly to the middle;antennae blackish, third joint one and a half times the second!Palpi yellow, rather large and swollen; beard white.Thorax black with gray pollen, that of scutellum dark brown.Abdomen wholly black, the last two segments rather shining, thefirst with two pairs of median marginals, the second with a completemarginal row of about 20, the third with a marginal row of 14, thefourth more shining black than in the preceding, with a submarginalrow of smaller bristles, about 14 in number.Legs black, claws and pulvilh yellow, the hind tibia with a rathereven row of sloping small bristles or stout cilia, about 25 in number,one below the middle somewhat larger.Wings dark brown; both calypters blackish.Length, 11 mm.Described from one female, Eio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from thecollection of C. W. Johnson, to whom the specimen has been returned.BELVOSIA VANDERWULPI WillistonBelvosiavanderwulpi Williston, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 13, 1886, p. 303.Female (type) .?Vertex 0.30 of head width. Head with brownpollen throughout except the facial ridges and an mdefinite spot onthe lower part of the parafacial; the facial ridges contrast strongly incolor with the face, they being of a dull silvery or slightly plumbeous
AET. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 9
color, which extends to the oral margin; frontal bristles in a singlerow, the lowest two or three extending almost transversely towardthe eye. Antennae black, second joint more than one-half the third;arista missing. Palpi black. The parafacial hairs below the frontalsare black and rather strongly developed; the hairs of the cheek arealso black. The hair on the back of the head and the beard arerather dark brown in color, a very unusual mark.Mesonotum damaged with glue so the pollen is spoiled. Sterno-pleural four on one side and three on the other. Calypters brown.Abdomen uniformly black on the first and second segments; thethird and fourth uniformly and densely covered with pollen of apeculiar deep reddish orange or burnt orange color, which extends tothe tips of the segments including the rows of bristles. The color ofthis pollen is very characteristic and quite unlike the common forms.Legs black.Wings brown with a distinct yellowish tinge along the front partnear the base and becoming subhyaline around the anal angle. Bendof fourth vein slightly oblique, its distance from the margin only alittle less than from the cross vein. Third vein with two bristles atbase.Length, 13 mm.Redescribed from the type specimen, now in the University ofKansas collection; it is from San Domingo, West Indies.BELVOSIA FERRUGmOSA TownsendBelvosia ferruginosa Townsend, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 22, 1895, p. 71.The original description is as follows:Length nearly 12 mm. Eyes green in life; front brownish red on each side,more or less silvery poUinose; frontal vitta soft brownish golden; facial depres-sion, sides of face and cheeks, rich silvery white pollinose, cheeks hairv. Antennaedark brown, the third joint linear and nearly three times as long as second;arista brown; palpi brownish black, yellowish on tips; vertex somewhat yellow-ish; posterior orbits silvery white. Thorax and scutellum brownish red, theformer thinly pollinos before, leaving tlie beginnings of four narrow vittae; poste-rior corners of mesoscutum yellowish, also a little yellowish behind humeri. Abdo-men of a beautiful iron-rust yellow, in the first and second segments the yellowshade predominating, in the third and fourth the iron-rust Jshade; first segmentbrownish under scutellum; a median pair of macrochaetae on first and second,a marginal row on third and fourth segments. Legs soft blackish, pulvilli andclaws yellow. Wings uniformly pale fuscous; tegulae same color.Bath, Jamaica (E. M. Swainson); bred from a lepidopterous chrysalis; onemale. A beautiful species. Type in coll. Townsend.The type of this species appears to be lost, as it is not in the Uni-versity of Kansas collection where the other early types of Town-send's are deposited. I have not found any specimens which I couldidentify as belonging to this species.78957?28 2
10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73BELVOSIA SLOSSONAE CoqnillettBelvosia slossonae Coquillett, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 47, 1895,p. 312; Revis. Tachin., 1897, p. 84.Male.?Front 0.37 to 0.41 of the head width at vertex, inner mar-gins of eyes diverging only slightly, so that the front is nearly aswide as the face, rather prominent at the antennae. Parafrontalssilvery on lower part, translucent brownish above except in diagonalview; frontal bristles in about three rows and there are in additiontwo pairs of proclinate orbital bristles as in female; face, parafacial,cheek, and posterior orbit silvery pollinose, the small hairs below thefrontals are pale; cheek with pale hairs, and at the lower edge anirregular double row of black bristles. Palpi yellow; beard white.Antennae black, first two joints brown, third joint elongated andsomewhat swollen at the origin of the arista, more than four timesthe length of the second joint. Arista thick and flattened, broad tothe tip, which is bluntly rounded; its total length is about three-fourths of the third antennal joint. Vibrissae quite close to the oralmargin, the distance being only half the length of the second anten-nal joint; facial ridges with stout bristles for more than two-thirdstheir height, almost up to the arista. There are some white hairson the ridges outside of the bristles.Thorax black, densely cinereous pollinose, with four indistinctblackish stripes; pleurae with some pale, delicate hairs mixed withdarker and larger bristles; scutellum black, the margin slightlyreddish.Abdomen black, second segment with gray pollen, fading out nearthe middle in most angles, but in certain directions visible almost tothe hind margin; third segment about the same, but with a moredistinct black hind border; fourth segment with denser and slightlymore yellowish pollen on the basal two-thirds, mixed with a consid-erable number of erect black hairs. None of the pollen of the abdo-men is very deep yellow. First and second segments with one pairof median marginals, third and fourth with a marginal row.Wings brown, more yellow basally ; both calypters white, contrast-ing with the wing.Legs black, front pulvilli nearly as long as last two tarsal joints,*hind tibia with a sparse, suberect row of about 13 bristles, the largestjust below the middle.Female.?Front at vertex 0.38 to 0.41 of the head width; front notso brown as in the male; third antennal joint shorter and secondlonger, so that the third is hardly more than twice the second; thefacial ridges are much less bristly than in the male.Length, 9-12 mm.Described from a series "of 5 males and 13 females, collected byC. H. T. Townsend at Miami, Fla., October 26-November 14; 2
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 1
1
of these specimens were compared by Prof. A. L. Melander with thesingle female type of slossonae, formerly in the collection of Mrs. AnnieTrumbull Slosson, but now in that of the American Museum ofNatural History. It was collected by Mrs. Slosson at CharlotteHarbor, Fla. BELVOSIA SEMIFLAVA, new speciesMale.?Front at vertex 0.40 of the head width, widening only a lit-tle for a short distance. Frontal bristles in three irregular rows, theparafrontals with white pollen becoming thinner and more gray above,the upper part black and subshining; face, parafacials, cheeks, andposterior orbits silvery white. Face rather narrow. The hairs belowthe frontal bristles are pale with a yellow tinge. Cheek almost halfthe eye height, with pale hairs. Antennae nearly black, basal jointsomewhat paler, the third joint a little more than twice the second-Vibrissae rather high above the mouth, facial ridges with half a dozensmall bristles reaching about halfway up their length; palpi ratherdark yellow, in some specimens brown. Beard white.Thorax black, not much pollinose except in front; scutellum morebrownish.Abdomen deep black on first two segments, not very shining, theremaining two entirely covered with deep yellow pollen. First andsecond segments with a single pair of median marginals, third andfourth with marginal rows of about 10.Legs black; front pulvilli elongated, but scarcely equal to the lasttwo tarsal joints. Hind tibia with suberect row of bristles on outerhind side, one larger below middle.Wings brown, except toward base; calypters decidedly bro^\n.Female.?Front at vertex 0.40 (in two) of the head width; thirdantennal joint twice the second.Length, 11-13 mm.Described from 25 specimens of both sexes. The type and allo-type are from Rio Ruidoso, White Mountains, N. Mex., collected July19, on flowers of Rhus glabra (Townsend); 15 specimens from Kan-sas (Bourbon, Franklin, Linn, and Cheyenne Counties; R. H. Beamer,Williams), received from University of Kansas; 1, Agricultural Col-lege, Miss. (Wheeler); 3, Clemson College, S. C. (Conradi); 1, OakGrove, Va. (Townsend); and 3 from the Kansas collection labeled"W. T."in not very legible writing. I take these labels to be inWilliston's handwriting and to mean Washington Territory, but asthe species is common in Kansas and not otherwise known from theNorthwest I fear a mistake in labeling has occurred.Type.?M&le, Cat. No. 40467, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA MEXICANA, new speciesMale.?Front at vertex rather broad, 0.37 of head width in twospecimens, widening almost immediately. Parafrontals gray pollinose
12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 73
anteiriorly, subshining near the vertex, the black color showmg throughon most of their surface. Frontals in three irregular rows. Face,parafacial, cheek, and orbit white pollinose with satiny reflection.The hairs below the lowest frontals are black, cheek with fine blackishhair. Antennae reddish brown on basal joints; the third joint black,a little more than twice as long as the second. Vibrissae considerablyabove the oral margin, the distance being about equal to the secondantennal joint. Facial ridges bristly almost to the arista. Palpiyellow; beard white.Thorax black with thin pollen anteriorly, posterior part and scu-tellum brown.Abdomen black on the two basal joints, the third with broad goldenyellow band covering all but the apical fourth; fourth entirely goldenpollinose ; first and second segments each having one pair of medianmarginal bristles; third and fourth with a marginal row.Legs black, front pulvilli elongated, as long as last two tarsal joints-Hind tibia with numerous large, irregular bristles on outer side.Wings and calypters dark brown.Female.?Front at vertex 0.40 of the head width.Length, 13.5-14 mm.Described from two males and one female. The type is a malefrom Federal District, Mexico (E. G. Smyth), the other male islabeled simply " Mexico," while the female was collected at Campi-nas, Brazil (F. X. Williams), 1924.T?/2>e.?Male, Cat. No. 40482, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA LUTEOLA Ck>qaiUettBelvosia luieola Coquillett, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 22, 1900, p. 253.Goniomima luteola Townsend, Taxonomy of Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 105.Male.?Front 0.40-0.41 of the head width at vertex, not wideningvery rapidly; frontal bristles in two or three sparse rows, quite irreg-ular; two pairs of proclinate orbitals. Parafrontals yellowish polli-nose on lowest part, the remainder translucent and subshining; face,parafacials, cheeks, and posterior orbits silvery on light ground color.Hairs of upper parafacial and cheek white. Antennae with basaljoints reddish brown, third joint black, elongated, four times thesecond. Arista flattened nearly to the apex, which is acute. Vibris-sae not very far above the oral margin, the distance equaling thelength of the second antennal joint; facial ridges with about six bris-tles, not quite reaching the level of the arista; several small whitehairs outside the bristles. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black with rather dense yellow pollen, the usual stripesnarrow and distinct; sternopleurals three or four; scutellum darkyellow in ground color.
ABT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDKICH 13Abdomen subtranslucent yellow in ground color, except a mediandorsal stripe which is black. Second segment when viewed frombehind covered with yellow pollen at the base, which thins out pos-teriorly; the third segment has a much denser coating of yellow pol-len, which, however, is not distinctly visible in some angles. Thehind margins of the second and third segments are shining in allangles; fourth segment smaller than in most species, densely coveredwith yellow pollen to the apex. First and second segments withsingle pair of median marginals, those on the first quite small; thirdand fourth segments with a marginal row of about eight. Geni-talia a little larger in proportion than in some of the species, outerforceps very slender and straight, blunt at tip; inner forceps broad atbase with long hairs on the middle portion which extend forwardbeyond the apices.Legs black ; front pulvilli small, shorter than last tarsal joint. Hindtibia with irregular bristles, one larger at middle.Wings decidedly brown, the veins a little yellow toward the base.Calypters almost pure white.Length, 9-11 mm.Redescribed from the single male type, Vieques Island, P. R., Feb-ruary, 1899 (August Busck); and from seven additional males col-lected at Chosica, Peru, 3,000 feet, May 8 and 9, 1913, on flowers ofMikania (C. H. T. Townsend).BELVOSIA OCHRrVENTRIS Van der WalpCnephalia ochriventris Van der Wulp, Bio'ogia, Dipt., vol. 2, 1890, p. 47.Male.?Front at vertex 0.35 of the head width, not widening veryrapidly for a short distance. Parafrontals yellow pollinose, near thevertex showing a darker and subshining ground color. Frontal bris-tles in three irregular rows, with two pairs of proclinate orbitals; face,parafacials, and cheeks silvery with a tinge of yellow; posterior orbitsmore densely yellow. Antennae reddish about to the arista, remain-der black; third joint rather slender except at base, three times thesecond. Arista distinctly flattened but the apex acute. Vibrissaeconsiderably above the oral margin, the distance equal to the lengthof the second antennal joint; facial ridges with about eight bristlesextending up almost to the arista. Palpi yellow. Parafacials withpale yellow hairs above in an uncommonly large patch; cheek withhairs of same color, and there are some additional ones on the facialridges outside the bristles; beard pale yellow.Thorax black with dense, yellowish-gray pollen showing only verynarrow, longitudinal lines. Scutellum rather yellow in ground colorwith dense yellow pollen.Abdomen red in ground color except in an almost hidden medianstripe; first segment subshining at the sides, remainder of the abdo-
14 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73men rather uniformly covered with deep yellow pollen, the hindmargins of second and third segments not shining, the fourth seg-ment has this pollen to the apex. First and second segments with asingle pair of median marginals, third with a marginal row of 8 or10, fourth with a submarginal row of 8 considerably smaller.Legs black, front pulvilli elongated, equal to the last two tarsaljoints. Hind legs missing in the specimen.Wings light brown, yellow toward the base. Calypters ratherpure yellow.Female.?Front at vertex 0.37 of the head width, with three pairsof orbitals. Antennae more yellowish, rather slender, the secondjoint a little more than half the third in length; facial ridges withthree widely spaced bristles on one side, two on the other above thevibrissae. Other characters as in the male. The second and thirdabdominal segments at some angles show a shining reddish hind mar-gin, in other angles this disappears.Length, 10-11 mm.Redescribed from two specimens; one male from Higuito, SanMateo, Costa Rica (Pablo Schild); and one female, Potrero, Mexico,April 10, 1923 (H. T. Osborn), reared from "army worms," identifiedfor Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association. Originally described fromthe State of Guerrero, in southern Mexico.Type.?In the British Museum.BELYOSIA RECTICORNIS MacgaartGonia recticornis Macqtjakt, Dipteres Exotiques, Suppl. 5, 1854, p. 118(sep. 98).Willistonia recticornis Braueb, Sitzungsber. Kais. Mus., vol. 106, 1897,p. 354.Belvosia bella Giglio-Tos, Boll. R. Univ., Torino, vol. 8, 1893, No. 158, p. 3;Ditt. del. Mess., pt. 3, 1894, p. 30, fig. 6.Male.?Front 0.30 to 0.32 of the head width at vertex, not widen-ing rapidly for a short distance, beyond which the inner margins ofthe eyes diverge rapidly to the lower part so that the face is broad.Frontal bristles mostly in two irregular rows, the parafrontals withrather dense yellowish-gray pollen anteriorly, which becomes only alittle thinner toward the vertex. Face, parafacials, cheeks, and pos-terior orbits sUvery pollinose with a very slight yellowish cast, thesmall hairs below the lowest frontals pale and those of the cheek alsomostly pale. Antennae brownish black, a little more reddish basally,the third joint about three times the second, considerably broadenedin the neighborhood of the arista. The distance from the vibrissaeto the oral margin is about equal to the length of the second anten-nal joint; facial ridges with strong bristles almost up to the arista;palpi reddish brown to brown.Thorax black, somewhat cinereous on the anterior part, the hindangles a little reddish; scuteUum nearly black.
ABT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 15Abdomen black, second segment with a narrow and sometimesrather indistinct basal pale crossband interrupted in the middle;third segment with a gray pollinose crossband, interrupted in themiddle, its width depending very much on the angle of view, some-times covering all but the apical third of the segment, but in mostangles about half; fourth segment densely light yellow pollinose tothe extreme apex, the upper surface bare, or with a few scatteredhairs; first and second segments with a pair of median marginals,third with a row of 8 or 10, fourth with a row of about 6 smaller.Legs black, front pulvilli elongated, equal to the last two tarsaljoints; hind tibia with a row of bristles the whole length, one largerat the middle.Wings brown, both calypters of the same color.Female.?Front at vertex 0.33 to 0.35 of the head width; facialridges less bristly, third antennal joint about two and one-half timesthe second. Hind tibia with a row of suberect bristles of increasingsize on the basal three-fifths, a few smaller beyond.Length, 9.5-11.5 mm.Redescribed from 34 specimens of both sexes. Nine were rearedby James Zetek at Fort Amador, Canal Zone, from Hylesia sp. (Zetek2445); five from Balboa Heights, Canal Zone (Zetek 2142); one fromAncon, Canal Zone, reared by Zetek from Hylesia darlingi Dyar(Zetek 1212); six from Ancon, Canal Zone (A. H. Jennings), one ofthem reared from Hylesia sp. ; five specimens from Porto Bella, Panama(A. Busck) ; two specimens, Paraiso, Canal Zone, bred from Hylesia(A. Busck) ; one from Corozai, Canal Zone (Busck) ; one specimen fromMisantla, Mexico, reared from Hylesia alinda (Wm. Gugelmann) ; fourspecimens, Guayaquil, Ecuador (J. B. Rorer).Type.?The type of hella is a female labeled "Mexico" in theZoological Museum of the Royal University at Turin, Italy. I havenot seen it.Until I saw the Vienna Museum material I had called this specieshella Giglio-Tos. In that collection are two series of 20 specimensin all. The first, of 12 specimens from Brazil, determined on theindividual specimens as Willistonia by Brauer and Bergenstamm,has a label on 1 specimen, " Gonia recticornis Mcq. Vidi Typ. Br."This connects with Brauer's notes on the Macquart types in the Bigotcollection, which he received from Verrall for study; in these notes,cited above, Brauer writes that an undetermined species in the ViennaMuseum is the same as the Macquart type. He also says that pfeifferiSchiner MS. is closely related but somewhat smaller. This connectswith the second lot of the Vienna material, eight specimens underSchiner's name. These are labeled "Ind. or.?" and "Pfeifferi detB. B." These do not differ, except slightly in size, from the firstseries.
16 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73BELVOSIA RECTICOB^aS variety BUFICOBNIS, newMale.?Front 0.32 and 0.33 of the head width at vertex, wideningbut httle for a short distance, then more rapidly. The face andposterior orbit are sHvery white, the facial ridges, parafacials, andcheeks pale yellow poUinose with satiny reflections; parafrontalsrather more deeply yellow poUinose, the upper third, however, sub-shmmg and somewhat dark; frontals in three very irregular rows,the hairs below them pale yellow, as are also those of the cheek anda few on the facial ridges outside the bristles. Cheek almost halfthe eye height; antennae red, the third joint tending to become alittle brown in the male, more distinctly so in the female. The thirdantennal joint two and a half times the second, arista thickenedalmost to the apex, the tip, however, slender. Palpi yellow; beardwhite.Thorax black, the sides and scutellum obscurely yellowish, thepollen moderately dense in front.Abdomen brownish black, second segment with interrupted, basal,light yellow crossband, which in some lights extends almost to themiddle of the segment, gradually fading out; third segment with asimilar but somewhat more distinct crossband which from someangles covers considerably more than half of the segment; fourthsegment covered with dense yellow pollen to the apex; first andsecond segments with a single pair of median marginals, third with amarginal row, fourth with a submarginal weaker row. The yellow-ish pollen on the second and third segments is distinctly visibleunderneath and not so changeable as above.Legs black; front pulvilli as long as the last two tarsal joints; hindtibia with a row of bristles of increasing size on basal three-fifths,only a few sloping hairs adjacent to these.Wings light brown, both calypters pale yellow in color.The pteropleura and adjacent parts bear a considerable cluster offine, yellow hairs.Length, 10-11 mm.Female.?Front 0.37 of the head width, the upper part of theparafrontals subshining, but this region is not sharply limited.Described from tliree specimens, Chapada, Brazil (H. H. Smith),from the collection of the American Museum of Natural History^and one female from the Vienna Museum, bearing only the label'"potens p. p. 266. Coll. Winthem." 'Paratype.?M&le, Cat. No. 40475, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA FOSTERI TownsendBelvosiomima Josteri Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, 1915, p. 413.Male.?Front 0.45 of the head width at vertex; the eyes divergefrom each other along their inner border very slightly so the face in
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 17its lower part is not much wider than the vertex. Frontal bristles inseveral irregular rows; three proclinate orbitals present; face andparafacials silvery, cheeks and posterior orbits with a yellow tinge,the hairs on the upper parafacial pale, also those of cheeks and somejust outside the bristles of the facial ridges. Facial depressiondecidedly deep, the vibrissae not much above the mouth, facial ridgeswith very strong bristles almost to the arista. Antennae red at base,third joint becoming brown beyond the arista and nearly black attip; second antennal joint short, only about one-sixth the length ofthe third, which is considerably elongated. Arista flattened almostto the apex, which is acutely pointed. Palpi yellow; beard paleyellow.Thorax black with thin gray pollen; scutellum yellowish brown.Abdomen black, the sides tinged with reddish in ground color.Second segment with indistinct pale yellowish band, very narrow inmost angles, sometimes, however, spreading almost across the segments
;
third segment with yellow pollen covering almost three-fourths of itslength in the most favorable light, but so changeable that it usuallyseems to cover about one-half; fom-th segment entirely deep yellowpollinose with scattering erect hairs. First segment with a small pairof median marginals; second with a normal pair; third with amarginal row; fourth with a sparse marginal row smaller than thoseon the third. Genitalia small, brown.Legs black; front pulvilli minute; hind tibia on the outer side witha suberect, irregular row of about 10 bristles.Wings slightly infuscated, bend of fourth vein with or withoutslight appendage. Subepaulet orange yellow, calypters pale yellow.Female.?Front at vertex 0.43 to 0.44 of the head width. Thirdantennal joint hardly three times as long as the second, more slenderat the base than in the male. Abdomen much more reddish than in:the male.Length, 10-11 mm.Redescribed from original type series, two males and one female,Sapucay, Paraguay (W. T. Foster); and one male sent by theHawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, collected by F. X. Williams atCampinas, Brazil.r2/2>e.?Female, Cat. No. 19607, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA EQUmOCTIALIS TownsendTriachora equinoctialis Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, 1912, p. 348.? Belvoisia insularis Cueran, Amer. Mus. Novitates, No. 260, 1927, p. 4.? Belvosia antilliana Curran, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, vol. 22, 1927, p. 151,in key but not described; Mr. Curran informs me that by an oversight thisname was not changed to insularis as intended. It is the same species.78957?28 3
18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73Male.?Front at vertex 0.37-0.39 of the head width, widening fromabout the level of the posterior ocelli. Frontal bristles in three irreg-ular rows, with two pairs of proclinate orbitals. Parafrontals withyellowish pollen anteriorly, most of their surface subshining and ratherdark, a little translucent. Face, parafacials, cheeks and posteriororbits silvery white, the small hairs below the frontals white; cheekwith white hair. Antennae reddish-yellow about to arista, remaindermore blackish. Third joint hardly three times the second. Aristadecidedly flattened almost to the apex, which is more blunt thanusual. Vibrissae not far above the edge of the mouth, the distancebeing about half the length of the second antennal joint. Facialridges with 6 or 7 bristles extending up almost to the level of thearista. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black, with rather uniform thin gray pollen. Scutellumreddish.Abdomen red in ground color at the sides, black in the medianportion; second segment with changeable yellowish pollen which isthin and almost invisible over most of the surface, leaving the shiningred and black ground color distinctly visible in most angles. Thirdsegment much more densly poUinose with deeper yellow. A mediannarrow black stripe usually and an apical black or reddish shiningband always visible; fourth segment entirely yellow pollinose withscattered black hairs in addition to the usual apical bristles. Firstand second segments with a single pair of median marginals, thirdwith a row of about 12. Genitalia small, the outer forceps somewhatlonger than the inner and decidedly sharp at apex.Legs black, pulvilli elongated, the front ones almost equal to thelast two tarsal joints. Hind tibia with a row of unusually erectbristles on the outer side.Wings considerable brownish at base, less so apically. Calypterswhitish, the anterior with a slight yellow tinge, both with yellow rim.Female.?Front at vertex 0.35-0.37 of the head width. Three pairsof proclinate bristles, antennae more slender, third joint less thandouble the second. Facial ridges with only three or four bristles.Length, 9-10 mm.Redescribed from the type lot, consisting of five males and twofemales collected at Piura, Peru, August 28 and September 4 and 8,1910 (C. H. T. Townsend) ; the museum also has two additional malesfrom Peru (Townsend), and Professor Hine has sent a female whichhe collected March 18, 1905, at Panzos, Guatemala. Insularis wasdescribed from a single female from Barrios, P. R., which I had pre-viously compared with this type series and with some doubt pronouncedidentical.r2/l>e.?Female, Cat. No. 15191, U.S.N.M.
AKT. 8 REVISION" OP THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 19BELVOSIA WIEDEMANNI. new speciesMale.?Front at vertex 0.33 and 0.34 of the head width, wideningalmost immediately. Face and parafacials, cheeks and posteriororbits light grayish-yellow pollinose. Parafrontals are the samecolor anteriorly, posterior part a little darker. Frontal bristles veryirregularly placed, hardly in three rows. Hairs of upper parafacialsblack and coarse, few in number. Hairs of cheek pale and fine.Palpi brownish red ; antennae nearly black, second joint and extremebase of third a little brown. Arista not flattened, tapering to a finepoint. Third antennal joint rather long, three times the second.Vibrissae about the length of the second antennal joint, above theedge of the mouth. Facial ridges bristly almost to arista; the facenot much depressed. Pollen of mesonotum gray; scutellum subshin-ing black.Abdomen almost entirely velvet black above, except the fourthsegment which is densely covered with pale yellow pollen to the apex.First abdominal segment without median marginal; second with asingle pair; third with a marginal row of 14 or more; fourth with asubmarginal row of about 12.Legs black, front pulvilli rather large but hardly longer than thelast tarsal joint.Wing blackish.Female.?Front at vertex 0.32 and 0.34 of the head width.Length, 10 mm.Described from eight males and five females sent from the ViennaMuseum, The specimens have evidently been taken out of alcoholand are somewhat shriveled, hence the width of the front may nothold good with fresh specimens. They all bear the same labels"Hetschko 89 Blumenau," "copulata det. B. B."; "Coll. Winthem."Two males and two females, paratypes, are retained in theNational Museum collection, the remainder including the typereturned to the Vienna Museum. The species Tachina copulataWeidemann was based upon two specimens belonging to very distinctgenera, one of these belonging to the genus Hystricia has alreadybeen designated as the type, hence a new name is necessary for thepresent species. I have discussed the original specimens in theseProceedings (vol. 72. 1927, art. 7, p. 10).Paratype.?Male and female. Cat. No. 40564, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA UNIFASCIATA Robineaa-DesToidyLatreillia unifasciata Robineau-Desvoidy, Mycdaires, 1830, p. 105.Exorista flavicauda Riley, Second Missouri Report, 1870, p. 51; Gen. IndexMo. Repts , p. 88, quoted.Belvosia unifasciata Coquillett, Revis. Tachin., 1897, pp. 10, 84.
?
Johnson,Cat. Ins. of New Jersey, 1899; ed. 2, 1909.?Felt, 21st N. Y. Report, 1905,i>. 65.
?
Johnson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 41, 1919, p. 437.?Brimley, Ent. News, vol. 33, 1922, p. 21.
20 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73Goniomyia unifasciata Sherman, Journ. Econ. Ent., vol. 8, 1915, p. 299.?Brixton, Check-List Dipt, of v onn., 1920.Triachora unifasciata Townsend, Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 105.Male.?Front at vertex 0.36 to 0.39 of the head width, the eyesnot diver^mg very much to the lower part of the face. Parafrontalswith a little pale pollen below, most of the surface dark and subshin-ing. Frontal bristles in three irregular rows, with the addition of twoor three proclinate orbitals. Below the lowest frontals are somerather conspicuous dark hairs which in some specimens and at someangles may appear pale in color, at least partly. Face and parafacialswhite, almost silvery, the former rather broad on the lower part andthe latter considerably narrower below than in most species. Cheekabout one-fourth the eye height with yellow pollen and mostly black-ish hairs. Antennae red at base, third joint black, nearly four timesthe second. Arista flattened in a uniform width almost to the apex.Vibrissae not very far above the mouth, the distance a little less thansecond antennal joint; facial ridges bristly almost to the arista. Palpiyellow; beard white.Thorax black, rather densely gray pollinose, the stripes slender.Scutellum entirely black.Abdomen black, gray pollinose on the first and second segments,the latter more shining at tip; third segment with pollen slightlymore yellowish; fourth segment with deep golden pollen to apex.First and second segments each with a single pair of median mar-ginals; third and fourth with a marginal row.Legs black, front pulvilli minute; hind tibia with coarse slopingbristles mixed with hairs on the outer side.Wings light brown. Calypters white, the margin a little darkened.Female.?Front at vertex 0.36 of the head width, the same in threespecimens. Facial ridges more flattened than in the male. Thirdantennal joint hardly twice the second.Length, 9.5-11 mm.About 100 specimens of this species have been examined. Thosebelonging to the National Museum collection include the following:Two types of Exorista flavicauda Riley from Missouri; 1 specimenfrom Georgia; 2 from New York (Southwick); 38 from the Districtof Columbia and adjacent Virginia and Maryland, collected by Town-send, McAtee, Shannon, Greene, Quinter, and Aldrich; 14 fromMount Holyoke Gap, Mass. (Townsend); 1, Clarke County, Va.(Aldrich); 2, Chesapeake Beach, Md. (Aldrich). In the Aldrich col-lection, recently donated to the National Museum, are 18 specimensfrom Lafayette, Ind., and 4 from Ghent, N. Y., 2 from Castle Rockand Fern Rock, Pa. (Harbeck); 1, Habana, Cuba (C. F. Baker).From Dr. A. L. Melander three specimens were received, one fromDixie Landing, Va. (Townsend); one from Pennsylvania and one
AST. 8 REVISION OP THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ^ALDEICH 21from Illinois (Forbes). From Prof. Jas, S. Hine were received 1specimen from West York, Miss., and 16 from Ohio, collected by himat Sandusky, Jefferson, Ira, Fort Ancient, Columbus, and Cincinnati.From the American Museum were received one specimen from ForestHill, N. J. (Weidt); one. Valley of Black Mountains, N. C. (Beuten-miiller) ; one from Mount Vernon, N. Y. (Weidt). The last is a malewithout orbitals but agreeing otherwise and no doubt belonging tothis species.This species has been reared from the army worm several times,first by Riley (the type of Exorista jlavicauda) . Sherman has pub-Hshed some notes on this habit in the Journal of Economic Ento-mology (vol. 8, 1914, p. 299). We have no other host record.The type was from Philadelphia, in the Dejean collection.BELVOSIA OMISSA, new speciesMale.?Front broad, 0.40 of the head width at vertex (the same infour specimens), narrowest at the level of the front ocellus, evenlywidening to the lower part of the face. Parafrontals shining darkgray, gradually more pollinose toward the frontal stripe, the frontalbristles in three irregular rows; no orbitals, a few dark hairs belowthe lowest of the bristles. Parafacials silvery-white, the face morepure white, cheek nearly half the eye height, thickly covered withdark hairs; facial ridges rather ^flattened, strongly bristled nearly tothe arista. Vibrissae not very much above the edge of the mouth,the distance equaling hardly more than half the second antennaljoint. Antennae black, the second joint rather reddish-brown, thethird fully four times the second. Arista tapering from near thebase, apical portion slender. Palpi brown; beard white.Thorax black, including scutellum; the dorsum gray pollinose,leaving four shining black stripes very perceptible to the naked eye,the inner pair extending only a short distance behind the suture; ashort dark median stripe just before the scutellum.First three segments of abdomen black with rather a uniform graypollen, which, however, is slightly changeable in some lights; fourthabdominal segment entirely deep orange pollinose on same groundcolor. First segment without median marginals; second segmentwith one pair; third segment with a marginal row of about 14; fourthsegment with a subapical row of about 10, and rather numerous blackhairs scattered over the pollinose surface. Genitalia small, the innerforceps short, black; the outer forceps yellow and considerablyswollen, about as long as the inner.Legs black, front pulvilli shorter than last tarsal segment, theother pulvilli small. Hind tibia with a single dense row of rathershort cHia on the outer hind side with one stout bristle just beyondthe middle.
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 73Wing subhyaline, brownish along the veins, the third vein withthree or four small setules at base. Both calypters white.Length, 11 mm.Female.?Front 0.40 of the head width, with three stout proclinateorbitals on each side; palpi brownish-yellow; third antennal jointthree times the second.Length, 11.5 mm.Described from five males and one female collected near Washing-ton, D. C. The type and one other male are from Falls Church, Va.,collected June 10, 1913 (S. A. Rohwer), on flowers of chestnut.Another male was collected near Glen Carlyn, Va. (W. L. McAtee),June 11, 1916; one at Difficult Run, Va., September 14, 1913(Shannon); and the fifth one at Plummer Jsland, Md. (H. L.Viereck), July 4, 1916. The single female (allotype) was collectedat Falls Church, Va. (C. T. Greene), on Ceanothus flowers, July 4,1917.Type?Mole, Cat. No. 40473, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA CILIATA, new speciesMale.?Front 0.30 to 0.31 of the head width at level of anteriorocellus, widening gradually for a short distance, then more rapidly;frontal bristles in three irregular rows, the hairs below them blackand rather coarse; parafrontals with gray pollen below whichbecomes very thin above, so that the dark ground color showsthrough to some extent; face, parafacial, cheek and posterior orbitsilvery white; cheek with black hairs. Vibrissae a little higherabove the epistoma than in most of the species but not quite as highas in hicincta. Facial ridges with strong bristles almost up to thearista; third antennal joint black, rather slender, concave on frontside, hardly twice as long as the second, which is reddish brown incolor. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black, the sides and scutellum reddish, anterior part withthin gray pollen and with inconspicuous stripes.Abdomen black, sometimes slightly reddish on the sides, the sec-ond segment with at most a mere trace of pollen at base, sometimesnone; third segment with a narrow interrupted basal band of palepollen, or sometimes none at all on upper surface; fourth segmentwith whitish or pale yellow pollen extending to the tip. First andsecond segments each with one pair of marginal bristles, third with amarginal row, fourth with a rather scattered submarginal row smallerthan those on the third segment.Legs black, front pulvilli fully as long as the last two tarsal joints.Hind tibia with dense, stout cilia apparently in several rows closetogether.
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ^ALDEICH 23Wings and both calypters brown.Female.?Front rather narrow for this sex, measuring at vertex0.35 to 0.37 of the head width; three pairs of procUnate orbitals.Length, 12-14 mm.Described from 24 specimens of both sexes. The principal series,including type and allotype, were reared by Hy. Edwards from aHesperid, collected in Mexico, without more definite locality. Thisseries, including 11 specimens, bears the Edwards number 15671 andis received from the American Museum of Natural History. Otherspecimens received from the same museum include three fromTacubaya, D. F., Mexico (William M. Wheeler), and one from Brazil(H. H. Smith). In the National Museum collection are the followingspecimens: One from Ancon, Canal Zone, collected by A. H. Jennings,identified by Coquillett as Behosia analis Macquart; one from Mex-ico without collector, with the same identification; one labeled "onAutomeris leucane Mex."; one, Mexico City (O. W. Barrett) fromthe collection of C. W. Johnson; two, Federal District, Mexico (onefrom Juan Mtiller); one, Jalisco, Mexico, bred from Copaxa laven-dera ?, reared by H. L. Bowers; one, Cordoba, Mexico, collected byWilliam Schaus; one female from Mountain Grove, Mo. (M. P.wSomes) . In Professor Hine's collection there is one specimen fromMexico. There is another in the Canadian National Collection,Paratypes.?M&\es, Cat. No. 40476, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA CILIATA var. FORMOSA, newThis variety is the same as the preceding except that the bandon the third abdominal segment is very much wider, covering a littleover one-half of the segment at the base; it is narrowly but distinctlyinterrupted.Described from 11 specimens; 3 males, including the type, are fromSt. Clair, British West Indies (F. W. Urich), reared from larva ofAutomeris species; the allotype is from Ancon, Canal Zone (A. H.Jennings) ; 2 specunens in the Canadian National Collection fromMexico, bred from Saturnia orizaha by N. K. Bigelow; 1 specimen inthe American Museum of Natural History from Chapada, Brazil (H.H. Smith) ; 1 specimen from Higuito, Costa Kica (Pablo Schild) ; thereis also a male in the Vienna Natural History Museum, which I havelately examined and I am including as a paratype. It is labeled "BrazilColl. Winthem" and came to me under the identification esuriensFabricius.Type.?Male, Cat. No. 40477, U.S.N.M.Some of the specimens approach rather closely to hicincta, but canbe separated very easily by having the pollen of the fourth abdominalsegment extending to the extreme apex.
24 . PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol 73BELVOSIA VITTATA, new speciesMale.?Front 0.36 of the head width at vertex, widening from aboutthe level of the front ocellus. Frontal bristles in about three irregu-lar rows, the parafrontals with changeable dark pollen almost tessel-lated in effect; the outer and upper portion shining black. Face,cheeks, and posterior orbit white pollinose with satiny reflection; belowthe frontal bristles there are only one or two black hairs. Cheek withfine brown hairs. Antennae dark red, the third joint very long, sevenor eight times the second, black all along the front margin and aboutthe apex. Arista broken off. Vibrissae quite close to the mouth, thedistance being as usual about equal to the second antennal joint.Facial ridges not very prominent, with sparse stout bristles extendingslightly above the middle.Thorax black, the pollen distinct so as to leave four black stripesvery plainly visible to the naked eye and reaching ahnost to the scu-tellum, which is black with gray pollen. Stemopleurals 3; scutellumwith scars of five stout lateral bristles, no differentiated apicals andthree pairs of ?raall discals.Abdomen black, with changeable gray pollen on the basal part ofthe second segment, which is not distinctly lunited; the third segmentis yellowish gray pollinose on about the basal half, narrowly inter-rupted in the middle and extending on the venter; the fourth segmentis covered with dense rather light-yellow pollen to the apex, but witha narrow median black shining stripe. The first segment has nomedian marginals, the second a single pair, the third a marginal row,the fourth a sparse submarginal row of six or eight.Wings brownish, the calypters whitish-yellow, in the center a littleinfuscated.Legs black, front ones missing; hind tibia with cilia in a singledense, even row with one stronger bristle at three-fifths the length.Length, 11 mm.Described from one male, Sapucay, Paraguay, taken May 24, 1902,by an unknown collector.T^/pe.?Male, Cat. No. 40469, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA FRONTALIS, new sp?ciesIfaZe.?Front 0.36 to 0.38 of the head width at vertex, the sidesdiverging quite rapidly. Face white pollinose, a distmct shade oflight yellow in the dense pollen of the parafacial, cheek, and posteriororbit; parafrontals with thin yellowish pollen through which thelight ground color shows considerably. In the type there is a sharpline of division just above the lowest frontal, above which the pollenis more distinctly yellow; but in the paratype this line of division isbarely perceptible. Antennae deep reddish-yellow, the third jointfour times the second. Vibrissae rather close to the oral margin.
-iRT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 25facial ridges bristly almost to the arista. The hairs on the upperparafacial are black. Cheek with fine pale hairs which look a littledarker in some angles. Palpi pure yellow.Thorax black, the pollen forming more distinct stripes than in manyof the species. Scutellum reddish around the margin, but with graypollen.Abdomen black except the last segment, but somewhat damaged inthe type, so that it is impossible to describe the third segment verysatisfactorily; the fourth segment with pale yellow pollen to the apexcovering its whole surface, which is also sprinkled with sparse butcoarse black hairs. First segment without median marginal bristles;second with a single pair; third with the usual marginal row; fourthwith a rather sparse row of smaller size.Legs black, the front pulvilli minute; hind tibia with dense, shortcUia in a single row, with one bristle at the lowest third. Wingslight brown; calypters pale yellow.Length, 10 mm.Described from two males collected at Chapada, Brazil (H. H.Smith), received from the American Museum of Natural History.Paratype.?Male, Cat. No. 40470, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA ELUSA, new speciesMale.?Front at vertex 0.30 to 0.35 of the head width, not widen-ing for a short distance from the level of the ocelli. Parafrontals withgray pollen below, becoming darker over most of the area. Face,parafacials, cheeks, and posterior orbits white with satiny reflection;the hairs below the frontal bristles and on the cheek are black.Antennae brown, third joint more blackish, a little more than twicethe length of the second. Vibrissae about half the length of the sec-ond antennal joint above the oral margin; facial ridges with strongbristles extending to the level of the arista. Palpi yellow.Thorax black, the scutellum and posterior part brownish. Thecinereous pollen rather dense before the suture, showing four narrowblack stripes.Abdomen subshining black, the second segment with more or lessof a faint basal interrupted band of pale yellow pollen, a similar butmuch more distinct band on the third segment, which in most anglesof view covers about one-half of the segment; fourth segment withpale yellow pollen to the extreme apex, the first and second segmentseach have one pair of marginal bristles, the third a rather dense rowof about 14, the fourth a row of 8 or 10.Legs black, front pulvilli minute, shorter than last tarsal joint;hind tibia with a row of more or less coarse cilia.Female.?Front at vertex 0.34 to 0.35 of the head width, the w^hit-ish pollen of the anterior part more extended, so that the dark sub-shining portion is restricted to part of the upper half.
26 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 73Length, 10-11 mm.Described from two males and two females, including the type andallotype, collected at Chapada, Brazil (H. H. Smith), received fromthe American Museum of Natural History; and one male from SanBernardino, Paraguay (K. Fiebrig).Paratype.?Male and female, Cat. No. 40468, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA CANADENSIS CnrranBelvosia canadensis Curran, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. See, vol. 22, 1927, p. 152.Male.?Front 0.42 and 0.43, in two, of the head width at vertex,widening rather gradually; parafrontals cinereous polhnose, the pollenbecomes thinner in the middle, but still somewhat evident; frontalbristles in about three irregular rows. Face, parafacials, cheeks andposterior orbits white, the parafacial and orbit silvery, the few hairsbelow the frontals and those of cheek black. Antennae black exceptat junction of second and third joints, of moderate size, the third jointslightly more than twice the second. Arista flattened for most of itslength, but sharply pointed. Vibrissae considerably above the oralmargin, the distance about equal to the second antennal joint. Facialridges with a single row of moderate bristles about to the middle ofthe third antennal joint. Palpi brown, extreme apex paler; beardwhite.Thorax black, with thin gray pollen in front. Hind angles andscutellum dark brown; sternopleurals three, the fourth hairlike.Abdomen black, third and fourth segments golden pollinose, excepta narrow hind margin, which in the third segment only occurs alongthe middle, the golden pollen extending to the extreme apex of thesegment along the sides; in the fourth segment there is a distinctshining black margin all the way around. The first and secondsegments with a single pair of median marginals; third with a row of12; fourth with about 8 considerably smaller.Legs black ; front pulvilli minute ; hind tibia with a row of bristles ofincreasing size on the basal three-fifths, six or seven in all, not verylarge.Wings blackish, front calypters the same color, hind calyptersalmost white.Female.?Front at vertex 0.42 of the head width, the same in three,widening rather rapidly; three proclinate orbitals, the frontals inthree irregular rows but not very strong. Third antennal joint lessthan twice the second.Length, 9-11 mm.Redescribed from a male and female paratype, the former fromCalgary, Alberta, September 2, 1902; the latter, Douglas County,Kans., May 19, 1923 (W. J. Brown); 1 male collected by Professor
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 27Hine at Fort Ancient, Ohio, June 10-12, 1902; 1 female, Mandan,N. Dak., June 16, 1918 (Aldrich) ; 1 female,Madison Junction, Yellow-stone Park (Melander); and a series of 18 specimens from variouscounties in Kansas (Beamer, Williams, Brown), received from theUniversity of Kansas collection.The type is in the Canadian National Collection.Paraiypes.?Male and female. Cat. No. 40371, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA LEUCOPYGA Van der WulpBelvosia leucopyga Van der Wulp, Notes fr m the Leyden Museum, vol. 4,1882, r>. 84; Tijdsch. v. Ent., vol. 26, 1883, n. 27; Biologin, Dipt., vol. 2.1903, ].. 470.Belvosiopsis brasiliensis Townsend, Revisto Musni Paulista, vol. 15, 1926,pp. 248, . 89.Male.?Front 0.31 of the head width at vertex, the sides nearly-parallel for a short distance, then diverging rapidly; face, parafacials,cheeks, and posterior orbits densely white pollinose with satiny reflec-tion. Parafrontals gray pollinose anteriorly, the pollen becomingthinner above so that the dark ground color is quite conspicuous;frontal bristles in two irregular rows, the hairs below them black;hairs of cheek almost all pale. Antennae black, basal joints brownishred, the third joint not quite three times the second. Aristamoderatelyflattened, the apex, however, slender. Vibrissae rather high above themouth, the distance being greater than the length of the second anten-nal joint; facial ridges with the bristles almost to the level of thearista. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black, the posterior angles and scutellum brown pollinose.Sternopleurals four on one side, five on the other.Abdomen deep black, not very shining, the fourth segment denselyyellow pollinose except the apical fourth. The pollen extends all theway down the sides and is interrupted by a slender median lineabove.Legs black, front and hind ones broken off.Wings dark brown, fourth vein with a rather short bend almostangular. Calypters blackish.Length, 11 mm.Female.?Front 0.35 of the head width at vertex, somewhat rubbed,the parafrontals a little inflated, with very thin pollen so that theblack ground color is conspicuous. From the scars it would appearthat most of the bristles are in a single row; there were three pro-clinate orbitals. The hind tibia has a row of bristles on the basaltwo-thirds, too much broken to describe further.Length, 10 mm.Redescribed from one male and one female, collected at Valera,Venezuela, by Dr. E. P. DeBellard. Van der Wulp described it fromBrazil and in 1903 reported it from Yucatan.
28 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM TOL. 73BELVOSIA SPLENDENS CurranBelvosia splendens Cukran, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. See, vol. 22, 1827, p. 153.Male.?Front 0.40 to 0.42 of the head width at vertex, wideningimmediately so that the narrov/est portion is very short; parafron-tals almost entirely shining black, only the lower portion graduallybecoming gray poUinose; bristles in about three rows with coarsehairs outside of them. Face gray pollinose, the pollen of the para-facials more shining and thinner so that the dark ground color showsthrough perceptibly; cheek subshining black with only a little pollen,half the eye height, with black hairs, the lower ones rather coarse;posterior orbits rather plumbeous, shining black above, the hairsbelow the lowest frontals black. Antennae black, reddish at junctionof second and third joints; second joint a little longer than usual,fully half the length of the third; arista thick basally, flattenedtoward apex, which is, however, acutely pointed. Vibrissae not veryhigh above the oral margin, the distance only about haK the lengthof the second antennal joint; facial ridges with partly double rowof medium-sized bristles extending up almost to the arista. Palpiblackish basally; apices brownish-yellow; beard white.Thorax shining black, but httle pollinose in front, the scutellumshining dark brown; sternopleurals five.Abdomen black, first and second segments subshining, third andfourth golden pollinose except the apical fourth or less, including themarginal row of bristles; first and second segments with a single pairof median marginals.Legs black; front pulvilli only a little enlarged, about as long asthe last tarsal joint. Hind tibia with a row of irregular bristles onthe outer side, about 14.Wings dark brown, both calypters the same.Female.?Front at vertex 0.40-0.45 of the head width. Parafron-tals shining as in male, but not so bristly; the usual three or fourproclinate orbitals present.Length, 13 mm.Redescribed from one male and one female paratype, Aw^eme,Manitoba, bred from Lepidopterous larva by E. and A. Criddle.I have also seen a male and female from Glen Ellyn, 111., in Profes-sor Melander's collection, and a specimen from Kansas in that of theUniversity of Kansas.Type.?In Canadian National Collection.Paratypes.?Male and female, Cat. No. 40372, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA BOREALIS, neir speciesMale.?Front 0.36 to 0.38 of the head width at vertex, wideningrather gradually for some distance; frontal bristles in three irregularrows. Parafrontals white pollinose below, the pollen becoming
AKT. 8 KEVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELV0SL4l ALDKICH 29
considerably thinner above so as to show thej'dark ground color tosome extent. Face, parafacials, cheeks and posterior orbits denselysilvery white pollinose. The hairs below the upper parafacials andthose of the cheeks black. Antennae black, rather long, the third jointabout two and a half times the second; vibrissae situated consider-ably above the oral margin. Facial ridges bristly almost to the arista.Palpi yellow to brown, beard white.Thorax black, dorsum quite shining with very thin pollen anteriorly;scutellum dark brown; sternopleurals usually six or seven. Scuteilumwith six or seven pairs of lateral bristles, no distinct apicals.Abdomen black and subshining on the first two segments, theremaining two deep golden pollinose except apical fourth. First seg-ment with four to six spiny marginals, second segment with the samenumber; third and fourth with a marginal row. Venter with clustersspines mostly on the tergites.Legs black, front pulvilli elongated, almost equal to last two tarsaljoints. Hind tibia with rather long bristles and numerous coarsehairs.Wings blackish, both calypters of the same color.Female.?Front 0.39 to 0.40 of the head width at vertex.Length, 15-16.5 mm.The species is very robust, one of the females measuring 9 mm.across the abdomen.Described from 5 males and 15 females. The type is from Harris-burg, Pa. (Sanders), and two females, including allotype, are from thesame place (Walton); one female, Rockville, Pa. (Champlain); onefemale, Inglewood, Pa. (Kirk); one, Linglestown, Pa. (Fisher, thiswith the two preceding in Mr. Walton's donation to the Museum)
;
one male, Charter Oak, Pa. (KnuU); three females, Springfield, Mass.(Dimmock), identified about 1894 by Brauer and Bergenstamm as
" Latreillia hifasciata Fab.;" One, Colebrook, Conn. (Wheeler),received from C. W. Johnson; one, Reading, Pa.; one, Pimmit Run,Va. (Knab); one. Difficult Run, Va. (Shannon); two, Ira, SummitCounty, Ohio (Hine); one, Agricultural College, Miss. (Turman,received from C. H. Curran). From the American Museum werereceived two females from Black Mountains, N. C. (Beutenmtiller)
,
and one from West Farms, New York City (Angus).Type?M&le, Cat. No. 40481, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA BIFASCIATA FabridiuMusca hifasciata Fabricius, Systema Ent., 1775, p. 777; Ent. Syst., vol. 4,1794, p. 325; Syst. Antl., 1805, p. 299.Ocyptera hifasciata Latreille, Diet. d'Hist. Nat., vol. 24, 1804, p. 195.Tachind'Jbifasciata Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl., vol. 2, 1830, p. 305.Latreillia hifasciata Robineau-Desvoidy, Myodaires, 1830, p. 104.Nemoraea hifasciata Macquart, Hist. Nat. Dipt., vol. 2, 1835, p. 104.
?
Bigot, in Sagra's Cuba, vol. 7, 1857, p. 342.
30 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM TOUTSBelvosia hifasciata Macquart, Dipt. Exot., vol. 2, pt. 3, p. 214 (sep. p.57).?OsTEN Sacken, Cat. N. Amer. Dipt., 1878, p. 153.
?
Van der WtjlpTijdsch. V. Ent., vol. 26, 1883, p. 23; Biologia, Dipt., vol. 2, 1888, p. 30,pi. 2, fig. 8, and 1903, p. 469.?Riley, Fifth Mo. Rept., 1873, p. 140,fig.; Fourth Rept. U, S. Ent. Comm., 1885, p. 110.
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Roder, Stett. Ent.Zeit., 1885, p. 345.
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Townsend, Psyche, vol. 8, 1897, p. 128.
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Coqttillett,Revis. Tachin., 1897, pp. 10 and 84.
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Johnson, List Ins. N. J., 1899.
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Howard, Insect Book, 1902, pi. 22, fig. 15.
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Johnson, Proc. Acad. Nat.Sci. Phila., 1895, p. 332; Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, 1913, p.72.?F. H. Snow, Kans. Univ. Sci. BuU., vol. 2, 1903, p. 217.?Willis-ton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 13, 1886, p. 302; Insect Life, vol.5, 1893, p. 238.?Harvey, Bull. Brit. Col. Ent. Soc, December, 1906. p.2.
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Walton, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol.14, 1912, p. 22. Reinhard, Ent.News, vol. 30, 1919, p. 280.?Britton, Checklist Dipt. Conn., 1920.Greene, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 60, art. 10, p. 14, fig.
?
Brimlet,Ent. News, vol. 33, 1922, p. 20.?Walcott, Checklist Ins. Porto Rico,1923, p. 222.?Johnson, List Dipt. New England, 1925, p. 193.Lalage hifasciata Robineau-Desvoidy, Dipt. Env. Paris, vol. 1, 1863, p. 663.Willistonia hifasciata Brauer and Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., pt.4, 1889, p. 97, fig.; pt. 6, 1893, p. 123.Latreillimyia hifasciata Townsend, Muscoid Flies, 1908, p. 103. Johnson,Cat. Ins. New Jersey, 1910, p. 779.Male.?Front from 0.40 to 0.45 of the head width at vertex, wid-enmg immediately, as the upper portion of the eye is very narrow,ahnost running to a point. Parafrontals almost silvery below, thepollen becoming thinner upward so as to show the black ground colorover a considerable area. Frontal bristles in about three very irreg-ular rows. Face, parafacials, cheeks, and posterior orbits silvery pol-linose, the parafacials especially shining. Hairs below the lowestfrontals black, cheek with black hair. Antennae black, reachingnearly to the vibrissae, the third joint about three times the second.Vibrissae considerably above the mouth, the distance nearly equal tothe length of the second antennal joint. Facial ridges bristly to alittle below the arista. Palpi varying from yellow to blackish; beardwhite.Thorax black, somewhat shining, with thin pollen anteriorly.Sternopleurals from four to six.Abdomen black on first two segments, but the second sometimesshowing a trace of pollen at the base; third and fourth segments withbroad dense bands of golden pollen covering all but the apical fourthor fifth, which is shining black. The first and second segments eachhave a single pair of median marginals, the third and fourth a mar-ginal row. Venter without unusual development of soft hair.Legs black, front pulvilli noticeably smaller than in most of thespecies, hardly as long as the last tarsal joint. Hind tibia with sev-eral large bristles on the basal three-fifths of the outer side.Wings blackened; front calypters brown, the hind one of the samecolor, at least on the basal half, tending to become paler on the apicalhalf, especially in southern and western specimens.
AKT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDEICH 31Female.?Front at vertex from 0.37 to 0.47 of the head width,widening immediately as in the male. The pollen of the parafrontalsis in some cases thin enough to show a considerable dark area, butin most of the specimens is not very dark. Third antennal jointonly a little more than twice the second.Length, 11-14.5 mm.Redescribed from 99 specimens of both sexes as follows: 11 fromthe vicinity of the District of Columbia, including Chesapeake Bay,Md., and Oak Grove, Va. (Viereck, Shannon, Greene, Aldrich,Townsend, and McAtee), also 3 reared by the late Henry F. Schoen-born from Citheronia regalis Huebner and Anisota ruhicundaFabricius, and 1 reared by Pergande from the former host ; 4 fromSandusky, Columbus, and Cincinnati, Ohio (Hine, Allen); 2, NorthCarolina, 1 being from Southern Pines (Manee); 5 from Florida, 2collected by Charles Palm without other data, the other 3 fromMiami (Townsend); 4 from Mississippi, 1 with illegible place (J. I.Hurst), 2, Agricultural College (Allen), and 1, McHenry (Allen); 2from Arkansas, 1 being from Lake Village (E. E. Holley), the other,Benton (D. G. Hall); 15 from Texas, 13 of these being from CollegeStation (Reinhard), 1 Bryan and 1 Austin (Melander); 37 from Ari-zona, of which 36 are from Sabino Basin and Sombrero Butte (Town-send), 1 from Fort Grant (Hubbard); 1 from Socorro, N. Mex.(Williston) ; 1 from Lancaster, southern California, reared by Koebelefrom Hemileuca sp.? and 1 from San Pedro Madero, Chihuahua,Mexico (Townsend); 4 additional specimens are without localities.There are nine specimens, correctly determined, in the ViennaMuseum material. Two are from Kentucky; three are labeled"Texas Boll"; two "Am. b. Georgia"; one "N. America"; andone only labeled "Pop. 852," which I take to mean the collectorPoppius.The following seven specimens were sent by C. W. Johnson: Oneeach from Hamilton, Mass. (J. B. Smith, reared from Telea polypJiemusLinnaeus); Dedham, Mass. (Johnson); Philadelphia, Pa. (Johnson)
;
Suffolk, Va. (Johnson); St. Augustine, Fla. (Johnson); Bear CreekCanyon, Colo.; and Blanco, Tex.From the American Museum the following six specimens werereceived: Two from Jacksonville and Biscayne Bay, Fla. (Slosson);one each from Brooklyn, N. Y. (Akhurst); BrownsvUle, N. Y.(Woodruff); Browns Mills, N. J.; and one from the Wniiston collec-tion without locality.From the University of Kansas were received 10 specimens, 5 ofthem from Bourbon, Morris, Marshall, Wilson, and Morton Counties(Beamer, Martin, WiUiams); 1, Magdalena Mountains, N. Mex.(Snow) ; 1, Cochise County, Ariz. (Snow) ; 1, Galveston, Tex. (Snow)and 1, District of Columbia.
32 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol, 73Originally described from the West Indies and redescribed byWiedemann from the original specimens and some additional oneswhich he refers to as South American. I have been unable to dis-cover any trace of the original Fabrician material, or even of thespecimens added to the species by Wiedemann. On this accountthe identification is to some extent a traditional one, the speciesbeing the common one of eastern North America which is identifiedin most collections under this name. It is reasonably certain thatRobineau-Desvoidy had this species identified as hifasciata since herefers to the black calypters and mentions specimens from Virginiaand Carolina, but he probably had more than one species, as hementions other specimens from the Antilles. In Robineau-Desvoidy,1863, a Fabrician specimen is redescribed, the statement being madethat it bears a label in the handwriting of Fabricius. This seems toagree with the accepted interpretation.The literature of this abundant species is confused, since up to thepresent several species have not been separated. Osten Sacken andCoquillett followed Macquart in including hicinda as a synonym;Williston first indicated the distinctness of the latter, but in 1893hesitated to recognize the forms he figured as distinct species. Hesuggested, however, that if these characters are specific, there mustbe "at least a dozen species" in America. Walton in tabulatingvariations of chaetotaxy in hifasciata in 1912 included in his series often specimens three which I now place in townsendi and four of myhorealis. In the distribution it is distinctly a species of the Temper-ate Zone, although not rare in southern Florida and represented byone specimen from Guatemala.The species has been reared from Lepidoptera, mostly the largekinds; published host records include Citheronia regalis Fabricius(Coquillett, 1897), Basilona imperialis Drury (Brimley, 1922), Ani-sota senatoria Smith and Abbott (Brimley, 1922), Ceratomia undulosaWalker (Brimley, 1922), Dryocampa rubicund& Fabricius (Riley,1873), Hemileuca sp. (Coquillett, 1897). An unpublished host isCeratomia amyntor Huebner, the parasite being reared by C. Zeimetat Black Mountain, N. C.BELVOSIA ARGENTIFRONS, new speciesMale.?Front at vertex 0.34 to 0.37 of the head width, not wideningfor a short distance. Face, posterior orbit, and cheek silvery, thiscolor extending in an unusual manner upon the parafrontals almostto the vertex; frontal bristles mostly in one row, but a few irregular,the hairs below them black; cheek two-fifths of the eye height withblack hairs, some quite coarse. Vibrissae not so far above the mouthas in many of the species, the distance being hardly equal to the
ABT. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDBIOH 33length of the second antennal joint; antennae brownish black, thethird joint three times the second; palpi yellow.Thorax black, the gray moderately dense with faint stripes. Scu-tellum with pollen of the same color as the thorax but more dense.Abdomen black, second segment with a very narrow interruptedbasal pollinose band of pale yellow; third and fourth segments withdense yellow pollen, the apical fifth however shining black. Geni-talia small, shining black, the outer forceps concolorous, with roimdedtips.Legs black; front pulvilli slightly shorter than the last two tarsaljoints; hind tibia on outer side without cilia, but with a scatteredrow of bristles of increasing size on the upper three-fifths.Wings light brown, both calypters white, with only a slight tingeof yellow.Female.?Front at vertex 0.37 to 0.40 of the head width, the para-frontal silvery below, but with a larger dark region above than inthe male.Described from six specimens of both sexes. Three males and twofemales, including type and allotype, were reared by C. T. Greene atFalls Church, Va., from a lepidopterous pupa (Hopkins 14802 F)
;
one specimen from Georgia which was figured in Howard's InsectBook (1902, plate 22, fig. 15) as Belvosia bifasciata; the remainingspecimen, a male, was sent for study by the American Museum ofNatural History; it was bred at Brooklyn, N. Y., by J. Akhurst, hostnot given.Type?Mole, Cat. No. 40478, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA TOWNSENDI, new gpecieiMale.?Front at vertex 0.32-0.36 of the head width, continuingforward quite perceptibly before becoming wider; parafrentals verydistinctly yellow pollinose, the ground color showing through verylittle except quite far back. The bristles are in three irregular rows,the smaller hairs below them and on the cheeks are very distinctl}'^black. Face, parafacials, and cheeks as well as posterior orbits silverypollinose. Antennae black, junction of second and third segmentsreddish, the third fully twice as long as the second, with almost par-allel sides. Vibrissae about as far above the epistoma as the lengthof the second antennal joint. Facial ridges with smallish erect bristlesnot quite to the level of the arista. Just outside the bristles thereare also some distinct black hairs. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black, gray pollinose in front, the scutellum, except the base,with yellowish pollen.Abdomen black, the second segment with a distinct but very nar-row and widely interrupted basal whitish pollinose crossband. Third
34 PEOCEEDINGS Or THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 73and fourth segments with golden pollen except on the apical fourth;the black hind margin becomes a little narrower underneath; firstand second abdominal segments each with a single pair of medianmarginal bristles; third and fourth with a marginal row. Genitaliarather small, the outer forceps rather narrow at base and broad at tip.Legs black, front pulvilli elongated, equal to the last two tarsaljoints. The hind tibia on outer side with about eight irregular slopingbristles and next to them on the hind edge some sloping hairs.Wings brown; calypters very pale brown, appearing nearly whiteat first glance.Length, 11 mm.Female.?Front 0.36-0.37 of the head width, the parafrontals with-out yellow pollen, but rather dark and semishining. Antennaetending toward reddish.Length, 12 mm.Described from 54 specimens of both sexes; the principal series,consisting of 24 males and 4 females (including type and allotype),was collected by C. H. T. Townsend between July 29 and August 1at Oak Grove, Va., on flowers of carrot; 2 specimens, male and female,were reared from Citheronia regalis by Riley on July 17 and September17, 1873, the first being mentioned by Coquillett under hifasciata onpage 10 of his Revision of the Tachinidae; in the Aldrich collectionare 4 specimens, 3 from Pennsylvania originally collected by C. W.Johnson, 1 of which is labeled "from chrysalis of Eacles imperialis6/9/1891"; the fourth specimen collected at Lafayette, Ind. Re-cently received from C W. Johnson for identification are two speci-mens, one male from Clementon, N. J., August 29, 1919, the other afemale from Bainbridge, Ga. (J. C. Bradley). From Walton's collec-tion are two males and one female, one male from Hertford, N. C, theother two from Catawissa, Pa., reared from Eacles imperialis from thesame larva. These are Nos. 1 , 2, and 4 of the analytical table publishedby Walton,^ where they are included under hifasciata; two femalesfrom H. W. Allen, one collected at Mount Laurel, N. J., by L. B. Par-ker, the other collected at Palmyra, N. J., September 10, 1924, by R.J. and N. B. Sim; two females from Clemson College, S. C, Septem-ber 23, 1908 (F. Conradi), received from J. O. Pepper; three malesfrom the American Museum of Natural History, one collected byMrs. A. T. Slosson at Lake Toxaway, N. C, one collected in NewYork, reared from Eacles imperialis by Hy. Edwards, the third fromNewark, N. J., July, 1923; one from Wauseon, Ohio, sent by Prof. J.S. Hine; one male. Falls Church, Va., reared by C. T. Greene fromlarge lepidopterous pupa (Hop. 14802 F) ; three males, Black Moun-tain, N. C, reared from Ceratomia amyntor on May 23, 1923, by CarloZeimet; one male, near Peaks of Otter above 3,000 feet, collected by
" Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vol. 15, 1913, p. 27.
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDEICH 35William Palmer; one male, Falls Church, Va. (Greene) ; and one malefrom Riley County, Kans., in the University of Kansas collection.Type?Male, Cat. No. 40466, U.S.N.M.Named in honor of Dr. C. H. T. Townsend, a very keen andexperienced collector of the muscoid flies.BELVOSIA BICINCTA Robineau-DesYoidyBelvosiabicincta Robineau-Desvoidt, Myodaires, 1830, p. 103.
?
Williston,Trans. Anier. Ent. Soc, vol. 13, 1886, p. 302.
?
Townsend, Trans. Amer.Ent. Soc, vol. 19, 1892, p. 89; Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 19, 1897,p. 33.?F. H. Snow, Kans. Univ. Sci. BuU., vol. 2, 1903, p. 217.?Johnson,Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 46, 1894, p. 278; Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat.Hist., vol. 41, 1919, p. 436.Senomeiopia bicincta Macquart, Hist. Nat. Dipt., vol. 2, 1835, p. 112.Belvosia bifasciata Fabricius (part), Macquart, Dipt. Exot., pt. 2, No. 3,(Mem. Soc. Sci. et Arts Lille, 1843), p. 212 (sep. 55).
?
Osten Sacken, Cat,N. A. Dipt., 1878, p. 153.?Van der Wulp, Tijdsch. v. Ent., vol. 26, 1883,p. 23.?CoQUiLLET, Revis. Tachinidae, 1897, p. 84.Belvosia piurana Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, 1912, p. 349.Male.?Front 0.27 to 0.32 of the head width at vertex, wideningrapidly after a short distance ; frontals in two irregular rows, onecontaining the largest bristles is rather distinct ; parafrontals denselycovered with dark hau* which inclines toward the median line above,while on the lower part it becomes somewhat more proclinate espe-cially near the orbits. The parafrontals are almost silvery pollinoseat the lower end, but the pollen rapidly becomes thinner upwardand in their middle and upper portion they are dark and subshining-Face, parafacials, cheeks and posterior orbits silvery white pollinose.The face is a little less glistening. The hairs immediately below thefrontal bristles and those of the cheek are black. Antennae brownishblack, smaller than in related species, reaching a Uttle more than halfof the distance to the oral margin ; second joint somewhat elongated,from one-half to two-thirds the length of the third. The vibrissaeare a little higher above the oral margin than in any of the relatedspecies, although some have nearly the same distance. Facial ridgesbristly up to about the middle of the third antennal joint, somewhatless than half of the total height. Palpi unusually yellow; beardwhite.Thorax black, becoming brown behind, anterior portion with thingray pollen. Scutellum shining brown.Abdomen black, frequently with a trace of red in the ground colorof the sides; second segment with a narrow basal pollinose band ofgray or pale yellow interrupted in the middle; third segment with amuch broader band of the same color, which is very slightly or notat all interrupted; fourth segment with denser and usually deeperyellow pollen on the basal two-thirds or three-fourths, the apex, how-
36 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL.73
ever, very distinctly subshining black. Fii-st segment with a smallpair of median marginals; second with a normal pair; third with amarginal row; the fourth has the usual row of bristles mixed withlong hairs.Genitalia brownish-black, both pairs of forceps moderately elon-gated, the inner bent up at tip, the outer ones slender with parallelsides, the tip bluntly rounded.Legs black, front pulvilli longer than the last two tarsal joints;hind tibia ciliated on the outer side with dense sloping bristles ofimiform size, mostly in a single row.Wings brown, calypters varying from nearly white to brown.Female.?Front 0.33 to 0.35 of the head width at vertex, the para-facials with denser white pollen than in the male, so that the darkground color shows through much less distinctly, the frontal bristlesare mostly in a single row with the addition of three proclinate orbit-als; the hairs of the parafrontals are much shorter than in the maleand are inclined in several directions. Spines of hind coxae long andstout as in spinicoxa. Ciliation of hind tibia coarser and less regularthan in male.Length, 11.5-14 mm.Redescribed from 82 specimens of both sexes; 35 of these were col-lected in southern Brazil by H. H. Smith and received from theAmerican Museum of Natural History; from the same museum thereis one from Coparo, Trinidad, Eleven specimens were received fromProf. Jas. S. Hine, including five from Bartica, British Guiana,April 13-May 4, 1901; one from Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, March,1905, and four from Holguin, Cuba, December 31, 1904, and March7, 1905. These Cuban specimens agree in having black palpi andblackish cal3^pters. Two specimens are from the Canadian NationalCollection?one, British Guiana; one, Tropical Research Station ofthe New York Zoological Society, Kartabo, British Guiana. Fromthe Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Experiment Station were received twospecimens from Blairmont, British Guiana, and one from Mera,Ecuador, all collected by F. X. Williams. In addition to the mate-rial cited, the National Museum has 18 specimens with the followingdata: Three from San Antonio, Tex. (Crawford); one, BrewsterCounty, Tex. (Mitchell and Cushman); one from Rio Piedras, P. R.;one from Higuito, San Mateo, Costa Rica (Schild) ; one, Puerto Bar-rios, Guatemala (Deam); one, Culebra, Canal Zone; two, Jamaica,
"reared from hawk moth pupa"; and three specimens collectedin Bolivia by Dr. W. M. Mann while a member of the Mulford Bio-logical Exploration. One of the last lot is from Rurrenabaque, Beni;one from Cavinas, Beni; the third from Rio Ivon ; one from Sapucay,Paraguay. Also 10 specimens from Sullana and Piura, Peru (Town-send), types of Belvosia piurana Townsend. Three specimens from
^T, 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 37C. W. Johnson, Caura Valley and Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela, andBartica, British Guiana.In the Vienna Museum material are 11 specimens; 7 in one seriesare labeled " Saida Exp. 1887. Dr. Paulay. R. d. Janeiro, aus ein.gr. Raupe gez."^ Of the four other specimens, one is "Brasilien,"and " Willistonia bei esuriens. Fiihler anders"; another is also fromBrazil and is labeled "esuriens coll. Winthem"; and in faded brownink, " T. esuriens H. Musca es. F. Para. Brasilia." The tenth is labeled" Ind. or." " WilHstonia det. B. B." ; and on a folded paper I find " Ind.or, oder Amazonen fl." The last bears ''Wthm " and " WilHstonia det.B. B." Although two of these bear the name esuriens, they do notagree with Wiedemann's statement that the third antennal joint inthat species is more than twice as long as the two preceding.The types of hicincta were said to be from Carolina and theAntilles. BELVOSIA POTENS WiedemannTachina potens Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl., vol. 2, 1S30, p. 299,WilHstonia potens Brauer and Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., pt. 5,1891, p. 403.Belvosia potens Aldrich, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 72, art. 7, p. 33.Male.?Front at vertex 0,34 of the head width, the narrowest pointbeing directly across the anterior ocellus; the entire front of the headand the posterior orbits are sUvery pollinose, the frontal stripe, how-ever, brown. In this specimen the reddish ground color of the para-facials, facial ridges, and cheeks shows through to a noticeable extentand the suture is distinctly bordered with a darker tinge to its lowestend. Frontal bristles in a single row, the hairs below the lowest areblack as are also the hairs of the cheek. Face considerably depressedin the middle, the vibrissae about the length of the second antennaljoint above the oral margin; facial ridges with well-developed bristlesup to a point above the middle of the third antennal joint. Antennaeblack, second joint more dark brown with a tinge of red at the junc-tion with the third, which is three times as long as the second and alittle tapering. Palpi dark yellow, cheek almost haK the eye height,beard white.Thorax brownish black with usual thin pollen, more distinct infront. Scutellima brown with four pairs of bristles, the median pairof the same appearance as the others. The disk has about a dozendepressed small bristles. Calypters brown. Stemopleurals 4 on oneside, 5 on the other.Abdomen black, with faint reddish tinge at the sides; third segmentwith only a very narrow basal interrupted, white, pollinose crossband,
? A note on tbis material occurs in Brauer and Bergenstamm, Zweifl, Kais. Mus., pt. 7,1894, p. 580.
38 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL.73hardly more than a line; fourth segment with dense pale yellowpollen, the apical third black.Legs black, front pulvilli slightly longer than last two tarsal joints
;
hind tibia on outer side with a row of small, suberect bristles mixedwith a few hairs not so bushy in appearance as in many species.Wing brown throughout, narrow at apex, bend of fourth vein rec-tangular and rounded, its distance from the hind margin less thanhalf of that to the large crossvein; third vein with two bristles.Genitalia smaller than in most of the species, the inner forcepsblack, closely pressed together near tip and bent forward almost withan angle; outer forceps hardly so long, dark yellow in color, flat andbluntly rounded at tip.Female.?The front is not silvery in the female, but covered withrather dense gray pollen through which the dark ground color isslightly visible.Length, 10 mm.Redescribed from Wiedemann's type specimen which was receivedfor examination from the Vienna Natural History Museum. Oaeadditional male has been examined from Brazil, sent by C. H. Curran;and there are two females in the National Museum collection fromYpiranga, Sao Paulo, Brazil (Fonseca).BELVOSIA NIGRIFRONS. new speciesFemale.?Front rather broad, measuring at vertex 0.38 of the headwidth (the same in two specimens, the other not in condition tomeasure), widening rapidly so that the inner border of the eye whenviewed from in front is perceptibly concave. Parafrontals shiningblackish gray along the inner border next to the frontal stripe, withgray pollen; frontal bristles in a single row, with some rather stoutreclinate bristly hairs just outside of them; three or four proclinateorbitals of varying size. Parafacials pure white, shghtly glistening;cheeks and posterior orbits of the same color. The parafacials are alittle wider than usual. Vibrissae about the usual distance above themouth; facial ridges not very prominent, bristly almost to the levelof the arista. Antennae black, reddish between the joints, the thirdjoint about twice the second, reaching nearly to the vibrissae. Cheekwith black hairs; there are also a few minute black hairs on theparafacial, just below the lowest frontals.Thorax black, rather densely gray pollinose along the front border,the scutellum with reddish ground color and brown pollen.Abdomen black, first two segments shining; third segment shiningon about the apical half, the basal half bearing an interrupted grayfascia, which fades out posteriorly; fourth segment with dense verypale yellow pollen, except the narrow apex bearing the bristles,which is shining black; the pollinose portion is destitute of hairs.
AKT. S REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDEICH 39Legs black, hind tibia with several large suberect bristles on theouter hind side of increasing size, the largest a little below the middle.The pulvilli are decidedly small.Wings and calypters uniformly blackened; four or five bristles onbase of third vein.Length, 10.5 mm.Described from three females.* The type and one other female werereared from pupae of Callosamia colleta, which were collected atMirasol in the Republic of Salvador at 4,000 feet altitude, byF. Deininger. The adult emerged November 20, 1913. The thirdspecimen was reared at La Laguna, Republic of Salvador, August1913, by the same collector, from pupa of Attacas orizaha; receivedfrom C. W. Johnson.Type,?Female, Cat. No. 40472, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA LATA, new speciesFemale.?Front at vertex 0.35 to 0.37 of the head width, increasingin width rapidly,' frontal bristles mostly in a single row, with threeproclinate orbitals; parafrontals with rather plumbeous pollen, nearlyblack in some angles; face, cheeks, and posterior orbits densely whitepollinose, almost silvery. The hairs below the frontals are black;cheek one-half the eye height, with black rather sparse hairs. Anten-nae black, more or less reddish at the junction of the second and thirdjoints, the third somewhat less than twice the second. Vibrissaeconsiderably above the level of the mouth, not quite so much as inhicinda. Facial ridges rather flat, bristly about half way. Palpiyellow; beard white.Thorax black, anterior part densely cinereous pollinose, the hindedge and scutellum with brown pollen. Sternopleurals 3-4.Abdomen deep black, hardly at all shining, second segment withoutany basal pale pollen; third segment with a very narrow interruptedbasal band of pale yellow; fourth segment with dense light yellowpollen covering all but the apical fourth, which is strikingly black.First abdominal segment with one pair of stout blunt median mar-ginals; second with two or three pairs, which like the marginal rowon the third segment are uncommonly stout, erect, and blunt; thesecond segment also with one bristle of this kind on the margin at theside; the fourth segment with a submarginal row of about 12, almostas stout as on the third segment. Between these and the extremetip there is another row of smaller bristles. Venter with stout spinesmostly on the inflexed tergites.A male and 7 females of Belvosia nigrifrons, new species, were received later from P. V. Siggers, LaCleba, Honduras. He reared them from a single larva of a large moth of the genus Rothschildia. Themale has a narrower basal pale band on the third segment, and the front is not so strikingly darkened,being silvery with a perceptible dark tinge. The front in the male is narrowest at the vertex, where itIs 0.33 of the head width.
40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 78Legs black, coxae with strong curved bristles or spines. Hind tibiawith a row of erect bristles of increasing size ending just before themiddle; rather numerous small hairs and bristles extending all theway to the tip.Wings brown, both calypters deeply infuscated.Length, 14-15 mm.Described from four females ; two, including the type, were collectedat Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, March 5, 1905, by Prof. Jas. S. Hine,from whom they were received; another was collected in Brazil byH. H. Smith and was received from the American Museum of NaturalHistory; the fourth is in the collection of the Vienna Museum, labeled
"Schott. Brasilien," and "Willistonia det. B. B." This last has butthree marginals on the second abdominal segment, but agrees in othercharacters, especially in the dense spines of the middle ventral region.Type.?Female, Cat. No. 40471, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA SMITHI, new speciesMale.?Front rather narrow, 0.30 to 0.32 of the head width, thenarrow space continuing a little in advance of the ocelli, thence rap-idly widening. Frontal bristles in three irregular rows, the outer notvery strong. Parafrontals with thin somewhat plumbeous pollen.Face, parafacial] and cheek with shining white pollen, the last withyellowish brown hairs which in certain lights look pale; a few darkhairs below the frontals on the parafacial, but these are not quiteblack in some lights. Facial ridges bristly more than halfway. Thirdantennal joint black, noticeably tapering toward the tip, twice as longas the second; the first and second joints yellowish brown. Vibrissaealmost half the length of third joint above the oral margin; palpiyellow; beard white.Thorax black, brownish along the sides, with gray pollen, that ofthe scutellum more brown.Abdomen subshining black, the third segment with a narrow andsometimes faint interrupted pale pollinose band at extreme base ; fourthsegment pale yellow pollinose, except the apex including the bristlesand a distinct median black line; the pale pollinose portion has a fewerect hairs rather large on the sides and the black of the apex expandsunderneath to include the whole width of the segment; in other words,the pale pollen does not extend much below the middle of the side ofthe segment; first and second segments with a single pair of medianmarginal bristles. The venter has rather striking soft black hairwhich is dense on the second and third segments, but does not formdistinct patches. Genitalia blackish, outer forceps somewhat paler,not distinctly swollen.Legs black, front claws and pulvilli much elongated, the latter aslong as the last two tarsal joints. Hind tibia with dense ciliation inseveral rows.
ABT.8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRIOH 41Wings uniformly brown, rather long and narrow. Bend of fourthvein rather close to hind margin, the distance being about half of thatbetween the hind crossvein and the bend. Both calypters brown.Length, 14-15 mm.Female.?Front at vertex 0.36 of the head width; pollen of head as inmale. Antennae slightly shorter, the third joint little enlarged atbase, of more uniform width. Hairs of cheek and upper parafacialdecidedly black. CUiation of hind tibia rather coarser and morebristly than in the male.Length, 12 mm.Described from two males and one female, collected at Chapada,Brazil, by H. H. Smith. Sent for identification by the AmericanMuseum of Natural History. The male paratype is retained by theNational Museum.Named in honor of the late H. H. Smith, a wonderfully capableand energetic collector of insects.Paratyjpe.?M2lQ, Cat. No. 40479, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA SPINICOXA. new specieiMale.?Front rather narrow at vertex, measuring 0.34 to 0.37 of thehead width; the sides above subparallel for a short distance; para-frontals shining brownish-black, more poUinose adjacent to the frontalstripe. Frontal bristles in two or more irregular rows, a few blackhairs below the lowest ones; parafacials pure glistening white ; faceand cheeks of the same color. Vibrissae a little higher above themouth than in most of the species, almost as in hicincta. Antennaeblack, second joint brown, the third a little over twice the second,considerably swollen at the base near the arista, which tapers evenlyto its apex. Facial ridges moderately prominent, bearing smallbristles a little more than half way to the base of the antennae.Palpi yellow.Thorax black with the usual pale pollen anteriorly. The scutellumbrown in ground color and with brownish pollen.Abdomen black in ground color; base of second segment with a verynarrow pale fascia, broadly interrupted in the middle; second seg-ment densely yellowish white pollinose on the basal half or more^gradually fading out posteriorly; fourth segment densely pollinosewith light yellow except rather broad apical black portion iucludingthe marginal bristles, the light yellow part destitute of hairs. Thefirst and second segments have one pair of marginal bristles, the thirdand fourth a marginal row.Legs black, front pulvilli nearly as long as last two tarsal joints.Hind tibia with several rather striking suberect stiff bristles on theouter hind side in addition to numerous smaller and more slopingbristles and hairs.
42 PEOCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.73Wings dark brown, front calypters the same, the hind ones ratherpale brown. Bend of fourth vein a little nearer the hind margin thanusual, the distance being about two-thirds of that from the bend tothe hind cross vein.Described from 15 specimens of both sexes. Three males, includ-ing the type, are from Sapucay, Paraguay; the allotype and anotherpair are from Cavinas, Beni, Bolivia (Mulford Biological Exploration,collector W. M. Mann) ; six specimens were received from the Ameri-can Museum of Natural History, collected at Chapada, Brazil (H. H.Smith), and one from East Amazonas; one from Guantanamo, Cuba(Ramsden), was received from C. W. Johnson; and one female fromYucatan (G. F. Gaumer) was received from the University of Kansas.Length, 13.5 mm.Type.?M&le, Cat. No. 40480, U.S.N.M.BELVOSIA ESURIENS FabriciusMusca esuriens Fabricius, Syst. Ant!., 1805, p. 301.Tachina esuriens Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl., vol. 2, 1830, p. 309.Willistonia esuriens Brauer and Bergbnstamm, Zweifl. Kai?. Mu-., pt. 4,1889, p. 97; pt. 5, 1891, pp. 349, 403; pt. 6, 1893, pp. 123, 204.Belvosia esuriens Aldrich, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 72, 1927, p. 32.Male.?Front at vertex 0.31 of the head width; the eye ratherbroadly rounded above so that the narrow part continues forwardfrom the ocelli, then rapidly widening; parafrontal with three veryirregular rows of bristles inclined toward the center, the pollen gray,becoming very thin toward the vertex. Face and parafacials purewhite, the latter somewhat silvery; hairs below the lowest frontalsblack, in certain lights two or three may have a pale reflection; cheekwhite pollinose and with white hairs among which three or four areblack. Vibrissae almost the length of the second antennal joint abovethe oral margin; facial ridges with seven or eight strong bristles, therow almost reaching level of arista; third antennal joint three timesthe second, which is brown in color; palpi yellow.Thorax black with thin gray pollen anteriorly; the scutellumsubshining with a brown tinge. Calypters decidedly brown. Sterno-pleurals, 4.Abdomen black, subshining; second segment with narrow basalband of light-yellow pollen; third segment with a distinctly inter-rupted band of almost white pollen covering a little more than thebasal half and extending on the venter; fourth segment decidedlypollinose except the tip where the bristles arise, which is black; thereis also a slender black median line scarcely interrupting the pale pollen.First and second segments with one pair of median marginals; thirdand fourth with a marginal row.Legs black, the front claws and pulvilli elongated, the latter slightlylonger than the last two tarsal joints. Hind tibia with several rather
ART. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDRICH 43large suberect bristles on the outer side on the upper half, the lowerhalf with uniform row of smaller bristles. All these bristles standalong the outer side of some more depressed hairlike ones.Wings rather light brown in color, narrow toward the apex, bend offourth vein rectangular but rounded, a little nearer the margin of thewing than usual ; base of third vein with three or four hairs.Length, 11.5 mm.Redescribed from a male specimen received from the Vienna Nat-ural History Museum, which is apparently one of those which Wiede-mann had before him when he redescribed esuriens. It is from Brazil,labeled " Coll. Winthem." and bears the small, square, red tag withoutwriting which Brauer says indicates Wiedemann's original specimen.Wiedemann erroneously calls this specimen a female. Four addi-tional specimens of this species, a male and three females, have beenreceived from the American Museum of Natural History; they werecollected at Chapada, Brazil, by H. H. Smith. The male has a longerthird antennal joint and a narrower band on the third abdominalsegment than the Vienna specimen, but the females are like the latter.BELVOSIA WILLIAMSI, new specie.Male.?Front at vertex 0.28 to 0.30 of head width, widening veryslowly for a short distance. Parafrontals almost black except for ashort distance anteriorly, where they are gray. Frontals in two irregu-lar rows. Face, parafacials, cheeks, and orbits silvery white, the hairsbelow lowest frontals are black. Cheek with fine hairs which show aslightly reddish reflection. Antennae brown at base, third jointblack, twice as long as the second. Facial ridges bristly to a littlebelow the arista. Palpi yellow; beard white.Thorax black, subshining, with a little gray pollen in front; scu-tellum more shining brown.Abdomen shining black on the first two segments, the second witha faint trace of a basal pollinose line; third segment with a basalinterrupted pale yellow crossband covering approximately one-halfof the segment in the most favorable viewpoint, the remainder of thesegment shining black; fourth segment with dense yellow pollen onthe basal three-fourths, narrowly interrupted on the middle line;first and second segments with a single pair of median marginals;third and fourth with a marginal row.Legs black, front pulvilli greatly enlarged, a little longer than thelast two tarsal joints. Hind tibia rather evenly ciliated on the outerside with the usual larger bristle below the middle.Length, 10.5-12 mm.Described from three males. The type is from Campinas, Brazil,March, 1924 (F. X.Williams); one from Brazil without further dat4;the other, received from C. H. Curran, is from Kartabo, BritishGuiana, 1924.
44 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou 73Type?Male, Cat. No. 40483, U.S.N.M.Named in honor of F. X. Williams, the collector.BELVOSIA CANALIS, new speciesMale.?Front at vertex 0.30 of the head width, not widening for alittle distance. Parafrontals with distinctly yellowish pollen fromthe anterior part almost to the vertex, where the ground color beginsto show dark. Frontals in two somewhat irregular rows. Face,parafacial, cheek, and orbit silvery pollinose. Hairs below the low-est frontals black, cheek with mostly pale hairs. Antennae black,third joint a little more than twice the second. Vibrissae ratherhigh above the mouth, the distance being about equal to the secondantennal joint. Facial ridges bristly almost to the arista; palpiyellow; beard white.Dorsum of thorax subshining, more pollinose anteriorly; scutellumwith brown pollen.Abdomen deep black, not very shining on the first two segments;third segment with pale yellow basal pollinose band, covering almosthalf and interrupted on the middle line. Fourth segment withdense pale yellow pollen, covering all but the apical fifth and evenhere more or less distinctly visible in diagonal view. First and sec-ond segments of the abdomen with a single pair of median marginals,the hairs of the median region more upright than usual. Third andfourth segments with a marginal row of bristles. Venter with moresoft hair than usual, but not so much as in smitM. Outer forcepsblack, strongly swollen in the basal and middle part, the tip thin.Legs black, front pulvilli enlarged, as long as the last two tarsaljoints; hind tibia coarsely ciliated, with two larger bristles nearmiddle.Wings and calypters brown.Female.?Front 0.36 and 0.37 of head width at vertex. Para-frontals not with yellow color, rather plumbeous. Three pairs ofproclinate orbital bristles.Length, 11-12 mm.Described from one male and two females; the male is from BarroColorado Island, Canal Zone (Greene) ; the females from Campinas,Brazil, March, 1924 (F. X. WilHams).Type.?Msde, Cat. No. 40484, U.S.N.M.UNRECOGNIZED SPECIESBELVOSIA OBESULA Van der WnlpCnephalia obesula Van deb Wulp, Biologia, Dipt., vol. 2, 1890, p. 46, pi. 3,fig. 3.The original description is as follows:Blackish; head white; frontal band, palpi, and base of the antennae rufous;scutellum testaceous; front margins of the abdominal segments with yellowish-
AET. 8 REVISION OF THE FLY GENUS BELVOSIA ALDEICH 45
cinereous reflections, the anal segment wholly of that color; the abdomen some-what transparent.Length, 10.5 mm.Face and sides of the front silvery-white; front much broader than the eyes;frontal band and vertex rufous; frontal bristles forming on both sides three rows,the inner row descending to the end of the second antennal joint; the bristles ofthe intermediate row shorter and weaker; oral margin not prominent; above thevibrissae are four bristles on the facial ridges; cheeks without black hairs; beardand pilosity of the occiput whitish; eyes bare, a row of short black bristles behindthem. Antennae longer than in the preceding species; basal joints rufous; thirdjoint black, with rufous base; second joint elongate, bristly; third joint twice aslong as the second; arista indistinctly jointed, thickened to near the tip. Pro-boscis blackish; palpi rufous, thickened toward the end. Thorax blackish, beforethe transverse suture with whitish-grey tomentum and two black lines; pleuraegreyish; scutellum testaceous. Abdomen short ovate, very convex; first segmentblack; second segment blackish, with grey reflections and a white front margin,laterally rufous, shghtly transparent; third segment yeUowish-grey, with brownreflections on the hind margin; anal segment short, pale ochraceous; macrochaetaeas in the preceding species. Legs black; shorter and more robust than in C.onusta, but with similar bristles; foot-claws and pulvilli short. Tegulae white.Wings brownish-grey, intense yellow at the base; venation like that of C. onusta.Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith).A single female example.Although it is clear that this species belongs to Belvosia, I have notbeen able to identify it in the material seen.BELVOSIA ANALIS MacqnartBelvosia analis Macquart, Dipt. Exot. Suppl., vol. 1, 1846, p. 160, pi.- 14, fig.4.?GiGLio-Tos, Ditt. dell Mess., vol. 3, 1894, p. 29.Originally described from Brazil, the typenow presumably destroyed.Giglio-Tos identified a specimen from Tuxpango, Mexico, and Coquil-lett identified Mexican material as belonging to this species; but theoriginal description says that the abdomen is blue, which seems toexclude it from this genus entirely, as none of the known species ofBelvosia have this peculiar color. I have described Coquillett's speciesas cUiata. BELVOSIA AURULENTA BiffotFrontina aurulenta Bigot, Annales Soc. Ent. France, 1888, p. 84.Willistonia aurulenta Beauer, Sitzungsber. Kais. Mus., vol. 106, 1897, p. 366.The type is a female from Brazil, and has been examined by Brauer,who referred it to Willistonia. I do not find either in his remarks orin the original desciption the necessary characters to connect thename with any of my species. o