THE SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
By Paul Bartsch('orator. Division of Mollusks, United States National Museum
Our card catalogue of the Philippine mollusks contains no referenceto shipworms in Philippine waters. I fear that the work during thePhilippine Expedition of the United States Bureau of FisheriesSteamer Albatross also failed to stress this much neglected field ofresearch. This is not to be wondered at since shipworms are amongthe most inconspicuous mollusks that the sea harbors. Pilings anddrift wood infested by them rarely ever proclaim their presence untilthey begin to disintegrate, for the tiny punctures on their outer sur-face are too small to reveal the enemy gnawing at their heart. It isonly when a great efflorescence of these forms produces an outbreakthat threatens all unprotected shipping in a region, that they cometo their own and are allotted a conspicuous status for interfering withthe economics of man. The importance which the shipworm problemiuis assumed since the outbreak in San Francisco Bay, California,during 1919-20 would, were I again to visit the Philippines, causeme to keep a sharper lookout for shallow water forms than I didduring the Albatross expedition, and I am sure that such an effortwould result in the material expansion of the list here offered.Most of the shipworms here described were taken from pieces ofwood brought up by our dredge sometimes from considerable depth,at various stations. It is a remarkable fact that our dredging at themouth of rivers, even when these emptied into semienclosod bays,yielded only fragments of wood, and these fragments were alwayshoney-combed and riddled by boring mollusks which destroy thewater-logged wood in such places and prevents the formation of wooddeposits in salt water lagoons.I wish here to express my appreciation to John A. Mirguet, pre-parator in the Division of Mollusks of the United States NationalMuseum, for it was his skillful excavating that has kept the palletsassociated with the shell to which they belong. Only those whohave attempted work of this kind when dealing with dry riddledwood, will realize the great care and patience necessary for this5:v.\
534 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
work. I wish also to express my appreciation to Mrs. E. B. Decker,artist in the Division of Mollusks, for the careful drawing herereproduced.FIG. 1.?KXTKRIOU AND INTERIOR OF SHELL TO SHOW THE TERMINOLOGY 0SED IN THE DESCRIPTIONS
A. Anterior part.M. Median part.P. Posterior part. a. Anterior portion of median part,in. Middle portion of median part,p. Posterior portion of median part.Genus BANKIA Gray
U. Umbones.B. Blade.K. Knob.
1840.1922. Bankia Ghay, Synop. British Mus., p. 76.Bankia Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 7.The genus is characterized by having the pallets consisting of aseries of cone-in-cone structures, which give to them the appearanceof an ear of wheat.Type.? Teredo bipalmulata Lamarck.Subgenus Bankia Gray1840. Bankia Ghay, Synop. British Mus., p. 76.1922. Bankia Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 7.In this subgenus the distal end of the cones terminates in a thinmembrane, which is fimbriated at the free margin. The lateral fim-briations form long awnlike projections.Type.? Teredo bipalmulata Lamarck.BANKIA (BANKIA) PHILIPPINENSIS, new speciesPHILIPPINE SHIPWORMPlate 53, figs. 1,3; plate 56, fig. 8; plate 58, figs. 7, 8, 9Shell small, white. Umbone badly eroded. The anterior portioncovered by a heavy callused smooth area which is about one-third aswide as the remaining anterior part. The dental ridges curve sud-denly downward, immediately posterior to the callus, and then extend
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 535in an even curve backward. Forty-four of these ridges are presentin the type, but this is by no means the entire number, for the earlyones are completely eroded at the umbone. The ridges slope a littlemore abruptly dorsally than ventrally, and are exceedingly finelydenticulated at the free margin. The anterior median area is verybroad; in fact in the type, which is the only specimen available, itconstitutes the entire median area. This, however, may be due toerosion. The dental ridges of this part are almost twice as wide asthose on the anterior area. There are 40 in a line parallel tothe ventral margin of the anterior part. These ridges are stronglydenticulated. Posterior to the denticulated median portion theshell slopes abruptly down into a very narrow shoulder, beyondwhich only a very slender auricle projects. The middle and poste-rior median part are apparently absent. Should this prove to be theusual state of affairs, and not merely due to erosion, it will be neces-sary to transfer this animal to a new genus. Interior bluish white.Suture of the anterior and anterior median portion marked by araised cord. The posterior border of the median part is thickenedand bears the knob at its ventral margin. A very slender auricle ispresent, which partly glazes over the middle part, forming themerest indication of a shelf almost resembling Psiloteredo in itsreduction. A narrow irregular slender blade extends two-thirds ofthe way from the umbone to the ventral margin of the shell. Thepallets are slender with a very slender stalk. The membrane on theoutside of the evenly rounded segments is finely fimbriated. Theinner border appears to be free of fimbriations and is also evenlycurved.The type (Cat. No. 310970, U.S.N.M.) was obtained by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition, atstation 5243, in 218 fathoms in a piece of wood taken from gray mudbottom, bottom temperature 63.6? in Pujada Bay, eastern Mindanao.It measures: Altitude, 1.3mm.; length, 1.3 mm.; diameter, 1.3 mm.The pallet measures: Length, 4.6 mm., of which 1.2 mm. go to thestalk; diameter, 0.7 mm.Another specimen of this species, Cat. No. 310971, U.S.N.M., wascollected by the same expedition at station 5252 in 28 fathoms from apiece of wood taken on coral bottom, off Linao Point, Gulf of Davao.Subgenus Neobankia Bartsch1921. Neobankia Bartsch, Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington, vol. 34, p. 2(>.1922. Neobankia Bartsch, Bull. 122, U.S. Nat, Mus., p. 9.In Neobankia the pallets consist of cone-in-conc elements, coveredby a thin membrane, which is denticulate at the free margin.Type.?Bankia (Neobankia) zeteki Bartsch.
536 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMBANKIA (NEOBANKIA) JOHNSONI, new speciesJohnson's shjpwokmPlate 53, figs. 5, 13; plate 56, fig. 7; plate 58, figs. 10, 11, 12Shell of moderate size, subglobular. The anterior area and theanterior median area flesh-colored. The middle median area tintedwith the same shade, the rest white. The extreme anterior area ismarked by the usual sinus, which is covered by a white callus, whichis reflected slightly over the anterior portion. From this callus thedental ridges radiate backward, curving abruptly downward at theextreme anterior portion and then gently backward. These ridgesare about half as wide as the spaces that separate them on the earlyportion of the shell, but become closer spaced as the shell increasesin age. The later ridges are separated by mere impressed grooves.The ridges slope more abruptly dorsally than ventrally and are finelydenticulated at their free margin. There are 56 present in the type.The line marking the junction of the anterior area and the anteriormedian portion is wavy. The anterior median portion is ratherbroad, marked by rather broad denticulated ridges, which meet thedental ridges of the anterior area in a little more than a right angle.There are 28 of these in a line parallel to the ventral border of theanterior part. The middle median portion is slightly concave andcrossed by rather strong, irregularly spaced lines of growth. Theposterior median portion is almost as wide as the anterior and middleportion combined, and is marked by fine lines of growth only. Thejunction of the posterior part and the posterior median portion ismarked by a strong constriction. The posterior part or auricle appearswithout sculpture. The interior of the shell is bluish white. Thejunction of the anterior and median parts is marked by a tumid ridge.The middle median portion is a rough depressed groove, at the tipof which the usual knob is present. The posterior part overlaps theposterior median portion as a strong spoonlike shelf, half of whichprojects outward and half inward, leaving a decided cavity. Theblade is broad, irregularly roughened at the anterior margin andextends for two-thirds of the length of the shell, springing from undertfo !bone The pullets are unfortunately fractured in all the spec-in are of the cone-in-cone type, withtli la ted all around.
i, U.S.N.M.) was collected by theUi ^s Steamer Albatross Philippine Expe-di athoms in a piece of wood taken onm uzon. The shell measures: Altitude,4.. ter, 4.4 mm. The pallet is too brokento s taken from the same chunk of woodis 3, U.S.N.M. Still another lot was
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 537obtained on the same expedition from a piece of wood at station5191, in 258 fathoms on green mud bottom, temperature 62.8?, inTanon Strait, off Refugio Island. This is entered as Cat. No. 310967,U.S.N.M.I take pleasure in naming this species for Rear Admiral MarburyJohnson, who was in command of the Albatross at the time of theexpedition. BANKIA (NEOBANKIA) BARTHELOWI, new speciesBARTHELOW'8 SHIPWORMPlate 58, figs. 1, 2, 3Of the present species, only throe pallet-; are known, the twolarger of which belong to the same individual, which I shall designateas type. These are of the cone-in-cone type, with the outer marginforming a shallow cup, while the inner face is much produced andabout three times the height of the outer. The outer margin of thesegments is beautifully denticulated, while the inner is smooth.These pallets are so characteristic that T do not hesitate to describethe species therefrom.They measure: Length. 7.7 mm., of which 2 mm. go to the stalk;diameter, 1.2 mm.They were obtained from the same piece of wood from which thetype of Bankia (Neobanlcia) johnsoni was secured at station 5266, in100 fathoms on mud bottom in Batangas Bay, Luzon. Thev areCat, No. 310968, U.S.N.M.A couple of loose pallets obtained from a piece of wood collectedby the Albatross at station 5252, in 28 fathoms on coral bottom, offLinao Point, Gulf of Davao, appear to belong to this species.The species is named for the late Benjamin Barthelow, executiveofficer of the Albatross during her cruise on the Philippine Expedition.Subgenus Bankiella Bartsch1921. Bankiella Bartsch, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 34, p. 2(i.1922. Bankiella Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat, Mus., p. 10.Pallets consisting of a series of cone-in-cone elements covered by athin membrane which is neither fimbriated nor denticulated at thefree margin, but entire.Type.?Bankia {Bankiella) mexicana Bartsch.BANKIA (BANKIELLA) DAVAOENSIS, new speciesDAVAO SHIPWORMPlate 53, figs. 2, 4; plate 56, fig. 3; plate 58, figs. 4, 5, 6Shell small, subglobular, white. Anterior area rather broad with-out a strong callus at its extreme anterior sinus, marked by very strongand strongly denticulated dental ridges which slope more abruptlydorsally than ventrally. Of these ridges 35 are present in the type.
538 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMThey increase in size regularly from the anterior margin backward.At the posterior termination they are about as broad as the spaces thatseparate them. The anterior median portion is rather broad and ismarked by dental ridges which are as wide as those on the anteriorarea, but a little more closely spaced and provided with much strongerdenticles. Of these ridges 14 can be counted in a line parallel to theventral border of the anterior portion. The median portion of themiddle part is narrow and slightly concave, crossed by the curvedcontinuations of the dental ridges of the anterior median portion,which here lose their denticles. The posterior median portion isnarrow and marked by rather coarse lines of growth, the coarser ofwhich coincide with the coarser crossing the median portion. Theposterior and middle median portions arc not quite as wide as theanterior median portion. No auricle is visible externally. It is pos-sible that this may be eroded in the specimens at hand. Interior bluishwhite. The anterior and median portions are joined by a cord. Themiddle median portion appears as a roughened groove, which bears theusual strong knob at its ventral termination. The posterior part lapsover the middle part as a heavy callus, which is free at the inner bor-der. This portion is marked by slender parallel threads which givesit a somewhat fluted appearance. A slender, somewhat irregularcurved blade extends from under the unbones over two-thirds of theshell. The usual knob is present at the ventral margin of the medianpart. The cone-in-cone shaped segments of the pallets are of rathera peculiar shape. They appear as a series of scoops in which theouter margin is only about one-fifth as high as the inner margin. Thefree border of the inner margin forms a convex curve while thefree margin of the outer border joins the inner portion in an evenconcave curve.The type (Cat. No. 310973, U.S.N.M.) was taken from a piece ofwood collected during the United States Bureau of Fisheries SteamerAlbatross Philippine Expedition, at station 5252, in 28 fathoms on coralbottom off Linao Point, in the Gulf of Davao, Mindanao. It meas-ures: Altitude, 1.3 mm.; length, 1.2 mm.; diameter, 1.3 mm. Lengthof pallets, 3 mm., of which 0.7 mm. go to the stalk; diameter ofpallets, 1 mm.Several additional pallets from the same piece of wood are enteredas Cat. No. 310974, U.S.N.M.Genus TEREDO Linnaeus1758. Teredo Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 651.1922. Teredo Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 17.In this genus the pallets are either paddle or spoon shaped. Theymay be distally cupped or not, or they may even bear a calcareousknob at the terminal portion.Type.? Teredo navalis Linnaeus.
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 539Subgenus Coeloteredo Bartsch1923. Coeloteredo Bartsch, Proc. Bio]. Soc. of Washington, vol. 36,p. 99.In this subgenus the blade of the pallet forms a half hollow cone;that is, the outer portion is convex while the inner portion of theblade is almost flat. The entire structure is very thin. The stalkis short with the basal half expanded into an oval knob, which isfully three times as wide as the narrower neck of the stalk.Type.? Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis Bartsch.TEREDO fCOELOTEREDO) MINDANENSIS BartachMINDANAO SHIPWORMPlate 53, figs. 10, 12; plate 56, fig. 6; plate 60, figs. 4, 8, 121923. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis Bartsch, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,vol. 36, pp. 99-100.Shell small, subglobular, white, the extreme anterior portion of theanterior part with a moderately deep sinus that is covered with asmooth callus, which is slightly reflected over the exterior portion.The remaining anterior part is crossed by moderately strong dentalridges which first bend downward and then backward in an even,gentle curve, separated at the posterior extremity by spaces abouttwice as wide as the dental ridges. These dental ridges slope a littlemore abruptly dorsally than ventrally, and are very finely denticu-lated at their free border. There are 42 of these in the type, in which(he umbone is partly eroded. A perfect specimen would thereforeshow a large number. The anterior part of the median area is markedby closely crowded dental ridges, which are about as wide as those ofthe anterior area. The denticles of these are quite fine. Of these ridges22 are present in a line parallel to the ventral margin of the anteriorpart. The middle median portion is slightly concave and crossed bythe nondenticulated decidedly curved continuations of the dentalridges of the anterior median portion, and fine incremental lines.The posterior median part bends rather abruptly downward to jointhe auricle. The interior is white. The junction of the anterior andmedian portion is marked by a rather strong cord. The middle medianportion forms a slightly depressed roughened groove, at the basal ter-mination of which the usual strong knob is situated. The auricleoverlaps the posterior median portion decidedly and forms a ratherstrong shelf. The cordlike markings described for the exterior arealso apparent on the inside. A strong, somewhat irregular curvedblade extends from the inner side of the umbone two-thirds of theway toward the basal knob. The pallets consist of half a hollow
540 lU'LLKTIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
cone; that is, the external portion is curved while the inner portionis almost flat. The cavity of the cone extends to the insertion of thestalk. The stalk is short and hears an expanded knob at its freeend.The type (Cat. No. 310975, U.S.N.M.) was collected in a piece ofwood dredged during; the United States Bureau of Fisheries SteamerAlbatross Philippine Expedition, at station 5252, in 28 fathoms on coralbottom off Linao Point, Gulf of Davao, Mindanao. It measures:Altitude, 2.2 mm.; length, 2.2 mm.; diameter, 2.2. The pallets meas-ure: Length, 2.6 mm.; diameter, 1.3 mm., of which 1.2 mm. go to thestalk.A lot of specimens from the same piece of wood are entered as Cat.No. 246127, U.S.N.M.Subgenus Teredothyra Bartsch1921. Teredothyra Baktscu, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 34, p. 2fi.1922. Teredothyra Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 22.In this subgenus the pallets "are doubly cupped at the terminalportion.Type.? Teredo [Teredothyra) dominicensis Bartsch.TEREDO (TEREDOTHYRA) SMH HI, new speciessmith's teredoPlate 53, figs. 6, 7; plate 56, fig. 4; plate 59, figs. 10, 11, 12Shell small, subglobular, milk-white, the extreme anterior marginof the anterior part somewhat excavated and covered by a ratherthick callus which is partly reflected over the outside. Posterior tothis callus the anterior part is marked by ridges which radiate fan-shaped from the callus posteriorly. They are closely approximatedanteriorly, the space between them widening posteriorly. Those onthe first half of the shell are much more distantly spaced than thelater ones, being about three times as far apart as the ridges them-selves, while the later ones are about equal to the spaces that separatethem at their posterior margin. The free borders of these ridges arefinely denticulated. The spaces between the ridges are finely granu-lose. The anterior portion of the median part is crossed by 28strong, denticulated ridges which are separated by mere impressedlines. Of these ridges, 21 are present in a straight line projected fromthe ventral border of the anterior part across the anterior portion ofthe median part. The individual denticles are doubly cusped at theirfree margin. The middle portion of the median part is concaveand crossed by the attenuated continuations of the dental ridges
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 541
which are here bent outward. The whole area is somewhat rough.The posterior portion of the middle part is about as wide as theanterior and median portions taken together, and is marked bynumerous incremental lines and the feeble continuations of thestronger lines referred to for the middle part. The posterior partforms a rather conspicuous auricle which is separated from the poste-rior portion of the median part by a strongly impressed constriction.The auricle is usually badly eroded and is marked by concentric linesof growth paralleling the ventral margin. Interior bluish-white. Theanterior part joins the middle part in a raised tumidity. The middleportion of the median part shows as a rough groove, at the ventraltermination of which the strong knob is present. The posterior partextends over the posterior portion of the middle part as a strongshelf; the inner edge of this part is very heavy and the cavity behindit rather deep. The posterior portion when viewed from within isspatulate, the part that extends up to the umbone being the handle.There is a strong oblique irregular blade which springs from theunderside of the umbone and extends three-fourths of the way fromthe umbone to the ventral knob. The pallet is very long and decid-edly attenuated basally. There is a deep median fold on the outsidewhich divides it into the two parts. There is also a deep excava-tion near the terminal lateral margin on the outside. Viewed fromthe inside the attenuated lateral wings of the expanded portionborder the strong median rib which extends attenuatedly to theedge of the distal portion. The two lateral flaps of the distalexpanded portion are decidedly concave. The calcareous margins,when viewed from the inside, extend as two pointed horns at the distalend, bearing the horny portion at their tips. There is a deep sinusat the distal end both above and below.The type (Cat. No. 312919, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,in a piece of wood dredged at station 5266 off Matocot Point, west-ern Luzon, in 100 to 135 fathoms on mud bottom. It measures:Height, 1.8 mm.; length, 1.5 mm.; diameter, 1.5mm. Pallet meas-ures: Length, 7.3 mm., of which 2.2 go to the stalk; diameter, 0.9 mm.Cat. No. 246128, U.S.N.M., contains a lot of specimens from thesame piece of wood. Cat. No. 312920 contains a lot of specimenstaken from a piece of wood dredged at station 5269 off MatocotPoint, western Luzon, in 200 fathoms on fine sandy and pebblybottom.I take pleasure in naming this shipworm for Dr. Hugh M. Smith,formerly Commissioner of Fisheries and director of the AlbatrossPhilippine Expedition.
542 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMTEREDO (TEREDOTHYRA) RADCLIFFEI, new speciesRADCLIFFE'S SHIPWORMPlate 53, figs. 11, 14; plate 56, fig. 5; plate 59, figs. 7, 8, 9Shell small, thin, semitransluscent; the extreme anterior portionof the anterior part forms a narrow sinus which is covered by arather thick callus that is partly reflected over the outside; the restof the anterior part is covered by numerous slender, closely spaceddenticulated ridges, of which 72 are present, and many more musthave been lost when the apices of the umbones were eroded. Thesedenticulated ridges become fused at the anterior margin and are sepa.-rated on the early part of the shell by spaces about twice as wide asthe ridges, and on the later portion by spaces about as wide as theridges at their posterior extremity. Their free margin is finely den-ticulated; the anterior median area is very broad and marked bynumerous ridges that bear strong denticles. Of these ridges 44 arepresent in a line projected across the area from the ventral border ofthe" anterior part. The denticles are exceedingly fine. The middleportion of the median area is rather broad and crossed by the dis-tantly spaced, outbent continuations of the dental ridges, which herelose their denticles, and fine lines between them. There are also tworather strong radiating lines present. The posterior portion of themiddle part is about as wide as the anterior and middle portion com-bined, and is marked by the decidedly upbent continuations of thelines already referred to for the middle part. The posterior partforms a narrow auricle which is conspicuously constricted off whereit joins the posterior portion of the median part. Interior of theshell bluish-white. A strong suture marks the junction of the ante-rior and middle part; there is a rough area marking the middle por-tion of the middle part bearing a conspicuous knob at its ventralmargin. The posterior part extends over the posterior portion ofthe middle part as a shelf which is spatulate in shape, the narrowedhandle extending up to the umbonal knob. There is a deep cavitybehind this shelf. A slender thin blade extends from under the um-bone obliquely ventrally through about two-thirds of the shell. Thepallets are long and spatulate, the stalk occupying about two-fifthsof the length. The expanded portion extends as a narrow wing downthe two sides of the stalk; the distal portion of the pallet is deeplyimpressed to form the two pits, and there is an excavation on thetwo lateral margins where the calcareous and horny portions join.On the inside the pallets show the continuation of the stalk to almostthe distal portion of the calcareous part, the lateral wings of the pal-let being concave on each side. The horny portion has two lateralhorns.
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS?BARTSCH 543The type (Cat. No. 312921, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,from a piece of wood dredged at station 5252 off Linao Point, Gulfof Davao, Mindanao, in 28 fathoms on coral bottom. It measures:Height, 2.1 mm. ; length, 2 mm. ; diameter, 1 .8 mm. The pallet meas-ures: Length, 3.9 mm., of which 1.2 mm. go to the stalk; diameter ofexpanded blade, 0.6 mm.I take pleasure in naming this mollusk for Mr. Lewis Radcliffc.Deputy Commissioner of Fisheries, who was a member of the scientificstaff during the cruise of the Albatross in Philippine waters.TEREDO (TEREDOTHYRA) TANONENSIS, new speciesTANON 8HIPWORMPlate 54, fig. 7; plate 56, fig. 1; plate 59, figs. 1, 2, 3Shell minute, milk-white, the anterior sinus of the anterior partis bordered by a rather thick callus which is reflected over the margin.From this margin strong denticulated ridges radiate fan-shaped overthe rest of the anterior part. These ridges are closely approximatedat the callus and become separated at their posterior end, on theearly portion of the shell, by a space about four times as wide as theridges. The last nine, however, are closely approximated at the distalportion. This seems to be a senescent character. The anterior portionof these ridges near the callus bear strong denticles, while the rest isvery finely denticulated, the grooves separating the denticles passingdown on both the dorsal and ventral margin of the ridges. The pos-terior termination of the anterior part forms almost an even arc. Theanterior portion of the median part is crossed by strong dental ridgeswhich are a little wider than those on the anterior part and verystrongly denticulated. Of these ridges, 15 occur in a straight lineparallel with the ventral margin of the anterior part. The denticlesare somewhat spatulate in shape, the expanded portion being at theposterior margin, while the stalk portion occupies the anterior half.The median portion of the middle part is a slightly concave areaalmost as wide as the anterior portion of the median pait. It iscrossed by the feeble continuation of the dental ridges which here,however, are reduced to mere raised lines and without denticles.The posterior portion of the median part is about as wide as theanterior and middle portion combined, and is crossed by the contin-uation of the ridges just referred to in the middle portion, but thesebecome decidedly enfeebled here. Posterior auricle narrow, almostclawlike, separated from the posterior portion of the median partby a strong constriction. The auricle is marked by rather strong, dis-tantly spaced corrugations. Interior of shell bluish-white, the June-
544 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
1 ion of the anterior and middle part marked by a somewhat irregular-callus; the middle portion of the median part is marked by a roughslightly concave area which terminates ventrally in a strong knob.The posterior auricle extends over the posterior portion of the med-ian part as a shelf with a conspicuous cavity behind it. It is trans-lucent and shows the markings of the outside within. From underthe strong umbone a strong, somewhat curved and twisted bladeextends for about half the length of the shell. Pallets rather long,the stalk quite long, expanded toward the blade with a strong mediangroove on the outside which renders the pallet doubly cusped. Theexpanded blade bears a strong excavation immediately below the twolateral terminal horns. On the inside they are spoonshaped, showingthe extension of the stalk prominently almost to the tip of the pallet.The extreme distal portion of the pallets bears thin membranes.The type (Cat. No. 310904, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,at station 5189 off Pecador Island, Tenon Strait, in 300 fathoms ongreen mud bottom, bottom temperature 62.8?. It measures: Height,2 mm.; length, 1.6 mm.; diameter, 1.8 mm. The pallets measure:Length, 4.2 mm., of which 2.G go to the stalk; diameter blade, 0.9 mm.Cat. No. 310965, U.S.N.M., contains a lot of specimens taken fromthe same piece of wood, as well as a large piece of infected wood.Cat. No. 466131-A contains a specimen dredged at station 5243 offPujada Bay, eastern Mindanao, in 218 fathoms on gray mud bot-tom, bottom temperature 63.6?.Ungoteredo, new subgenusPallet of the shape of Coeloteredo, but with a calcareous portionin the blade which consists of two deep pits with a calcareous borderseparated by a deep median slit. The expanded portion reminds one,when viewed from the outside, of a goat's hoof with the toes point-ing toward the stalk. It is not unlike Teredothyra, but the expandedblade is very short and broad. The shell is typically teredine.The posterior auricle extends over the posterior median portion form-ing a shallow shelf.Type.?Teredo (Ungoteredo) matacotana Bartsch.KKY TO THE SPKCIK3 Of TilK SUBUENl'S OF UNQOTEKEl'OPallets with a double transverse groove below the double cupped portion.chamberlaini.Pallets without a double transverse groove below the double cupped portion.Pallets with a single transverse groove below the double cupped portion.Cups separated by a deep median longitudinal cut _ matocotana.Cups not separated by a deep median longitudinal cut.Cups separated by an impressed line only pujadana.
SHIFWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS?BARTSCH 545TEREDO (UNGOTEREDO) MATOCOTANA. new speciesMATOCOT 8HIPWORMPlate 53, figs. 8, 9; plate 56, fig. 2; plate 60, figs. 5, 6, 7Shell small, anterior margin of the anterior part with a ratherstrong sinus which has a thin callus that is not reflected. This partis rather broad and bears strong denticulated ridges which take asudden turn ventrally at the anterior margin and are then reflectedacross. They are badly eroded; the last seven only are left in goodshape and these are separated at their posterior extremity by narrowgrooves much less in width than the raised ridges. The anterior medianportion is very broad and bears strong dental ridges which are separatedby narrow incised lines. These ridges are a little less in width thanthose on the anterior part. The last eight only remain; the rest arestripped of their denticles. The denticles are doubly eusped, theanterior cusp being about twice as large as the posterior. The mid-dle portion of the median part is rendered decidedly rough by irreg-ular transverse wrinkles. The posterior portion of the middle partis about as wide as the middle portion and is crossed by lines ofgrowth. The posterior part is very narrow and is separated fromthe posterior median part by a constriction. Interior bluish-white.The junction of the anterior and median part is marked by a raisedthread. The posterior part is not differentiated from the medianpart within. The anterior portion of the middle part appears can-cellated by transmitted light. A long twisted blade extends fromunder the strong umbonal knob about four-fifths of the distance acrossthe cavity toward the strong ventral knob. The pallets have arather long stalk which is somewhat roughened. The stalk as wellas the basal portion of the expanded part is of pale horn color. Tiietwo cups are made up of white calcareous material and are sepa-rated on the outside by a deep broad channel. The inner border ofthese two cups is slender and somewhat perforated. It seems to bemade up of bars which run parallel with the outer margin of theseptum. The distal portion of the horn-colored part of the expandedpallet forms a slightly curved entire line. The sinus is in the cal-careous cup wall only.The type (Cat. No. 31293Q, U.S.N.M) was found in a piece ofwood dredged at station 52(>6 in 102 to 135 fathoms on mud bottomoff Matocot Point, Luzon, by the United States Bureau of FisheriesSteamer Albatross Philippine Expedition. It measures: Height1.1 mm.; length, 1.3 mm.; diameter, 1.2 mm. The pallet measures:Length, 3 mm., of which 1.7 mm. go to the stalk; diameter, 1.5 mm.
546 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMTEREDO (UNGOTEREDO) CHAMBERLAINI, new specieschamberlain's shipwormPlate 54, figs. 1, 2; plate 57, fig. 5; plate 60, figs. 9, 10, 11Shell minute, thin, semitransparent. The anterior sinus is narrowwith a thin callus which is reflected over a small portion of the out-side of the anterior part, free at the reflected edge. The anteriorpart is crossed by slender denticulated ridges which spread fan-slmpedfrom the anterior callus where they are closely approximated posteri-orly. At their posterior margin they are separated by spaces aboutas wide as the ridges. Of these ridges 50 are present in the type.These ridges are rather coarsely denticulated near the anterior marginand very finely so on their free edge throughout the rest of theirlength. The junction of the anterior and anterior median ami formsan even curve. The anterior median area is moderately broad andmarked by very slender denticulated ridges which are separated bymere impressed lines. These ridges are a little less wide than thoseon the anterior area. Twenty-eight of them occur in a straight lineprojected across the anterior median area from the ventral marginof the anterior part. The median portion of the middle part formsa slightly concave groove which extends from the umbones to theventral margin. It bears in its middle a rounded cord and is crossedby the feeble continuations of the dental ridges which here make adecided curve and are not denticulated. The posterior portion ofthe middle part is about one and one-half times as wide as the ante-rior and median portions combined, and is crossed by numerous linesof growth which lend to it a somewhat corrugated aspect. Theposterior part forms a very strong, broadly expanded auricle whichis marked from the posterior median portion by a strong constriction.It is rendered somewhat fluted by incremental lines. There is astrong knob at tin 1 junction of the median and posterior part at theventral margin. Interior bluish-white. The suture of the anteriorand median part marked by a raised line. The middle portion of themedian part forms a somewhat rough depressed groove which extendsfrom the umbone to the ventral margin where it terminates in anelongated knob. The posterior part projects over the posteriormedian portion as a narrow shelf with a shallow cavity behind it.There is a rather long slender oblique somewhat twisted blade whichextends two-thirds of the distance from the umbone to the ventralknob. The pallets are paddle-shaped, the stalk being expanded bas-ally with two constrictions in it that give it a somewhat noduloseaspect, decidedly contracted where it joins the expanded portion ofthe pallet. The outside of the base of the expanded portion is lunateand, like the stalk, of a translucent horn color. This part appearsto form a cup in which two calcareous cups, which resemble the horn
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 547portion of the hoofs of a sheep, are placed, with the toe end extendinginto the cup before mentioned. These two elements are separatedby a deep groove. The inside of the expanded portion is triangular inshape and the distal margin has a moderately deep cut in its middle.The type (Cat. No. 312922, U.S.N.M.) comes from a piece of woodcollected by the United States Bureau of Fisheries Steamer AlbatrossPhilippine Expedition, at station 5252 off Linao Point, Gulf of Davao,Mindanao in 28 fathoms on coral bottom. It measures: Height, 1.4mm.; length, 1.3 mm.; diameter, 1.2 mm. Pallet measures: Length,1.5 mm., of which 0.8 go to the stalk; diameter, 0.7 mm. The speciesis named for the late Frederick M. Chamberlain, naturalist of theAlbatross during her Philippine cruise.TEREDO (UNGOTEREDO) PUJADANA, new speciesPUJADA SHIPWORMPlate 54, figs. 8, 10; plate 57, fig. 3; plate 60, figs. 1, 2, 3Shell small, subglobular, the anterior part with a moderately broadsinus which is bordered by a narrow smooth callus. Radiating fromthis callus are strong broad denticulated ridges which equal those ofthe anterior median portion in strength. Those on the early part ofthe shell have been worn away and only about a dozen near theventral margin remain. These are separated here by grooves a littlenarrower than the ridges at their posterior margin, and they are finelydenticulated at the free border, the grooves demarking the denticlespassing down both dorsally and ventrally over the ridge. Theanterior median portion is exceedingly broad and is marked by 31dental ridges in a straight line projected from the ventral margin ofthe anterior part. All but the anterior eight are badly worn; thesehave rather broad denticles. The median middle portion is narrow andslightly concave and here is where the shell terminates. The posteriormedian and auricular portion are not present and have probably beeneroded. Interior showing the external sculpture by transmittedlight. The anterior and median part meet in a straight suture.There is no indication of a posterior auricle on the inside. There isa strong knob on the anterior median portion and a long, somewhattwisted and sinuous blade extending from under the umbone. Thepallets are rather large, paddle-shaped; the stalk is slender, twisted,and slightly nodulose basally. On the outside the basal expandedportion is lunate; a strong deep groove separates this part from thedoubly cup-shaped distal area, the two cups being separated by adeep groove. On the inside the pallets are slightly concave, markedby numerous fine incremental lines with a mere indication of a mediansinus at the distal end.27565?27f 2
548 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMThe type (Cat. No. 246131, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,in a piece of wood dredged at station 5243 in Pujada Bay, easternMindanao in 218 fathoms on gray mud, bottom temperature 63.6?.It measures: Height, 1.4 mm.; length, 1.6 mm.; diameter, 1.4 mm.The pallet measures: Length, 3 mm., of which 1.9 mm. go to thestalk; diameter, 1.6 mm.Subgenus Lyrodus Gould1870. Lyrodus Gould, Invert. Mass., p. 34.1922. Lyrodus Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 24.In this subgenus the terminal portion is not cupped, but ends intwo lateral forks, covered with a periostracum.Type.? Teredo (Lyrodus) chlorotica Gould.TEREDO LYRODUS LINAOANA, new speciesLINAO SHIPWORMPlate 55, figs. 1, 4; plate 57, fig. 6; plate 59, figs. 4, 5, 6Shell small, subglobular, white. The extreme anterior portion ofthe anterior part forms a shallow sinus and is covered by a ratherthick callus which is reflected partly over the outer part of the ante-rior area. Posterior to this callus the anterior part is crossed byslender ridges which radiate fan shaped from the callus posteriorly, be-ing closely approximated; in fact, fused at the callus and separated byspaces a little wider than the ridges at their posterior margin. Of theseridges there are 51 in the type and many have been lost by the ero-sion at the umbone. These ridges are very finely denticulated at theirfree margin. The anterior portion of the median area is narrow andmarked by slender denticulated ridges which are much narrower thanthose on the anterior portion and are separated by mere incised linesonly. Of these ridges, 26 occur in a straight line across the anteriorportion of the median area parallel to the ventral margin of the an-terior part. The individual denticles on these ridges are exceedinglyfine and closely spaced. The junction of the anterior portion andthe anterior portion of the median part forms a somewhat sinuousline. The middle portion of the median part is almost as wide asthe anterior portion and is crossed by the continuation of the decid-edly flexed dental ridges which here are without denticles. Theseappear as a series of distantly spaced raised threads. The posteriorportion of the median part is considerably wider than the anteriorand middle portion of the median part combined, and is crossed bythe continuation of the strong lines that cross the middle medianportion, but here these threads become decidedly upturned. There
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BAETSCH 549
is a strong constriction between the posterior termination of the me-dian part and the posterior auricle. The posterior auricle is largeand projects prominently and is marked by a series of ridges thatgive it a somewhat corrugated appearance. Interior bluish-white.The junction of the anterior and median part is indicated by astrongly impressed straight line. The median part forms a rough-ened area which extends from the umbone to the ventral marginwhere it terminates in a strong knob. The posterior portion extendsover the posterior median portion as a shelf with a shallow cavitybehind its anterior edge. This shelf extends from the umbone to theangular junction at the ventral margin of the auricle and the medianpart. The umbone forms a strong knob from the basal part ofwhich a strong oblique somewhat twisted blade extends toward theventral knob. Pallets rather long and slender with a narrow spat-ulate calcareous shaft beyond the stalk covered with a brown perio-stracum which terminates distally in a calcareous knob.The type (Cat. No. 312917, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,from a piece of wood dredged at station 5252 off Linao Point, Gulfof Davao, Mindanao, in 28 fathoms on coral bottom. The typemeasures: Height, 2 mm.; length, 2 mm.; diameter, 1.8 mm. Thepallet measures: Length, 2.6, of which 1.2 go to the stalk; diameterof blade, 0.3 mm. Cat. No. 312918, U.S.N.M., contains an additionallot of specimens from the same piece of wood. Cat. No. 246131-B,U.S.N.M., contains a specimen collected at station 5243 in PujadaBay, eastern Mindanao, in 218 fathoms on green mud bottom, bottomtemperature 63.6?. Subgenus Psiloteredo Bartsch1922. Psiloteredo Bartsch, Bull. 122, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 36.In this subgenus the auricle fuses with the posterior median por-tion on the inside in such a manner that no shelf projects. In fact,in some of the species it is difficult to note even a suture. The pal-lets are spoon shaped, with the outer distal portion slightly excavated.Type.? Teredo dilatata Stimpson.7TEREDO (PSILOTEREDO?) ESCARCEOANA, new speciesESCARCEO SHIPWORMPlate 54, figs. 3, 9; plate 57, fig. 4Shell small, semitransluscent, bluish-white. Anterior portioneroded at the umbone, with a narrow callus at that part of the ante-rior margin which is left uneroded. From this slight callus the ridgesradiate backward in a fan-shaped manner. At their posterior marginthey are about as wide as the spaces that separate them. Of these
550 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
ridges, which are very finely denticulated at their free margin, 21 areleft in the type. A large number must have been eroded at theumbone. The junction of the anterior part with the anterior mar-gin of the median part forms a shallow curve. The anterior portionof the median part is marked by slender denticulated ridges whicharc separated by deep narrow grooves. Of these ridges 17 are pres-ent in a straight line across the anterior median part from the basalmargin of the anterior part. The individual denticles of these ridgesbear doubly denticulated cusps, the anterior denticle being abouttwice as large as the posterior. The middle portion of the medianpart is moderately broad, the anterior half of which is slightly convex,while the posterior half is slightly concave; both are crossed by thecontinuation of the dental ridges of the anterior portion which heretake a decided turn, become much enfeebled and edentulous. Theposterior portion of the median part is about as wide as the ante-rior and middle portion combined. It passes in a gentle depressiondirectly into the posterior auricle and bears a continuation of thefluted wavy sculpture of this part. The posterior auricle is mod-erately large and poorly differentiated from the posterior portion ofthe median part. It is marked by rather regularly disposed rib-like raised wavy elements which are parallel with its ventral marginin disposition. Interior bluish-white. The anterior and medianportion are joined in a distinct raised thread; the middle medianportion is slightly roughened and terminates ventrally in a strongrounded knob; the auricle fuses with the posterior median portionwithout any demarkation or shelving; it is for that reason that I amplacing this shell in the subgenus Psiloteredo , with a question mark;the umbones are strong and from their ventral margin an obliquesomewhat irregular blade extends parallel with the middle areathrough four-fifths the length of the shell. The pallets of this specieshave not been found, and it will require their presence before we cangive a fixed systematic status to this species.The type (Cat. No. 312931, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,in a piece of wood dredged at station 5294 off Escarceo Point, north-ern Mindoro, in 244 fathoms on sand and pebbly bottom; bottomtemperature, 48.4?. It measures: Height, 2 mm.; length, 2.1 mm.;diameter, 2 mm. Another specimen (Cat. No. 365932) comes fromstation 5294 of Escarceo Point, Northern Mindoro, in 244 fathomson sand and pebbles; bottom temperature, 48.4?.Genus EOTEREDO Bartsch1923. Eoteredo Bautsch, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 36, p. 98.Blade not projecting from the under side of the inside of the um-bones, but attached to the middle of the broad shelf that constitutes
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 551the inward projection of the posterior part of the shell. Pallets un-known.Type.?Eoteredo philippinensis Bartsch.All the shipworms so far examined have the blade extending fromthe inside of the umbone. The present form marks an entirely dif-ferent type of departure, for here it is attached to the middle of theshelf formed by the inward projection of the auricle. I deem thissufficiently distinct to merit generic separation. It is unfortunate notto have the pallets of this species, which wo aid at once show to whichof the three genera that I have recognized in my monograph thepresent genus is most nearly related.EOTEREDO PHILIPPINENSIS BartschPHILIPPINE EOTEREDOPlate 54, figs. 4-6; plate 57, fig. 71923. Eoteredo philippinensis Bartsch, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 36, pp.98, 99.Shell subglobular, yellowish white, with the posterior portion form-ing the merest trace of an auricle on the outside. Umbones erodedeven in very young specimens. The anterior part very broad withits anterior portion terminating in a somewhat curved sinus, the edgeof which is slightly reflected posteriorly as a thin callus. The restof the anterior part is marked by dental ridges, which make an evenopen curve from the anterior margin ventrally, then posteriorly totheir posterior termination, where they join with the dental ridgesof the posterior median part. Eighty-two of these ridges remain inthe type and a good many more must have been eroded at the um-bone. The ridges of this anterior portion are triangular with theirfree border finely, evenly serrated. The posterior median portioncovers two-thirds of the median part, and is marked by dental ridgeswhich join those of the anterior part at right angles. The denticleshere are broad and sharply cusped. The median middle portion isabout one-eighth the width of the posterior median portion and ismarked by curved rough lines of growth. The posterior medianportion is about as wide as the middle median portion and markedby feebler continuations of the lines of growth than those thatcharacterize the middle median portion. The posterior part, or au-ricle constitutes a very small projection when viewed from the out-side, the merest indication of a claw, as it were. Interior bluish-white. The junction of the anterior and median portion is markedby a roughened suture. The umbonal and ventral knobs are promi-nent. The erosion of the posterior umbonal region, even in youngspecimens, forms an opening in this region to the inside which isanteriorly bordered by a strong shelf that extends from the umbone
552 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMto the posterior ventral margin. From the under side of the rni,ddleof this shelf the broad blade bends down toward the ventral knob.It is the peculiar position of the blade in this instance which hasprompted me to give to this form a generic designation. Palletsunknown.The type (Cat. No. 311281, U.S.N.M.) comes from a piece of wooddredged at United States Bureau of Fisheries Station 5243, offUanivan Island Pujada Bay, Southeast Mindanao in 218 fathoms ongray mud bottom. The type, the largest specimen, measures : Height,4.2 mm.; length, 3.9 mm.; thickness, 4.2 mm.Cat. No. 311282, U.S.N.M., contains additional specimens whichwere obtained at the same station.7TEREDO (subgenus?) MINDOROANA, new speciesMINDORO SHIPWORMPlate 55, figs. 3, 5; plate 57, fig. 1Shell of medium size, subglobular, the anterior area with a ratherlarge sinus which is bordered by a slender callus that is reflected overthe anterior area at the edge. From this callus the dental ridges passfirst a little ventrally, then across the anterior area. They are closelyapproximated at their anterior margin and separated by spaces a littlewider than the ridges at the posterior edge of the later part, and fullytwice if not three times as wide on the early part. Of these ridges 56are present in the type, and many more have been eroded at theumbone. They are very finely denticulated at their free margin. Theanterior median portion is very broad and marked by very broad den-ticulated ridges wThich are separated by very deep narrow channels.Of these ridges 40 occur in a line projected across this area from theventral margin of the anterior part. The individual denticles aredoubly cusped, the anterior one being about twice as wide as the poste-rior. The middle portion of the median part is slightly concave andmarked by the continuations of the dental ridges of the anterior portionwhich are here bent and edentulous. They render this portion ratherrough in appearance. The posterior portion is about as wide as theanterior portion of the middle part and is distinguished from the pos-terior auricle by a deep constriction. It is marked by concentric linesof growth which are parallel with its ventral margin in curving. Theposterior auricle is large and projects like a strong claw. It is markedby conspicuous wavelike corrugations which agree with the ventralmargin in disposition. Interior bluish-white. A conspicuous cordis present on the suture of the anterior and median part. The pos-terior part is projected decidedly over the posterior portion of themedian part, almost half extending into the cavity of the shell. Thispart is ear-shaped and its inner border is free and leaves a shallow
SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS BARTSCH 553
cavity behind it. It terminates dorsally in a strengthened cordwhich separates the expanded portion conspicuously from the nar-rowed dorsal border that extends to the umbone. The inside, likethe outside, is marked by concentric corrugations. A strong broadblade extends from under the heavy umbone ventrally. It is brokenso that we can not tell the limit of its extent.The type (Cat. No. 312933, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expedition,from a piece of wood dredged at station 5294, in 244 fathoms on sandand pebble bottom, bottom temperature 48.4?, off Escarceo point.Northern Mindoro. No pallets were found. We are therefore unableto assign a definite systematic position to this species. Its shell char-acters distinguished it from any of the other known forms, and weadd it for completeness of record. The type measures: Height, 3.8mm. (it should be here stated that the ventral portion of the valveis broken?a complete specimen would probably measure 4.2 mm.)
;
length, 5 mm.; diameter of single valve, 2.4 mm.
? TEREDO (subgenus?) LUZONENSIS, new speciesLUZON SHIPWORMPlate 55, figs. 2, 6; plate 57, fig. 2Shell moderately large, flesh colored with a pinkish flush, theanterior area with a sinus that is bordered with a strong callus whichis reflected over part of the anterior area. From the edge of the cal-lus the denticulated ridges spread fan-shaped posteriorly. They areclosely approximated at the anterior edge, and the early ones areabout twice as far apart as the ridges at their posterior termination,while the later are separated by spaces no wider than the ridges.These ridges are finely denticulated at their free border. Fifty-nineof these are present in the type. The junction of the anterior andposterior median area forms an even curve. The anterior portionof the median area is marked by rather strong dental ridges whichare separated by very deep, narrow grooves. Of these ridges 32 arepresent in a line projected across this area from the ventral borderof the anterior part. The denticles borne on these ridges are doublycusped and where they have been eroded they leave a basal areawhich is separated into a wider anterior portion and a narrowerposterior raised line. The middle portion of the median part con-sists of an anterior convex portion which is crossed by the continua-tions of the denticular ridges which are reflected across it in an openarc but do not bear denticles here, and a slightly concave posteriorportion about as wide as the anterior which is crossed by feeblercontinuations of these lines with finer elements between them. Theposterior median part is considerably wider than the anterior andmiddle portion of the median part, and is marked by fine curved
554 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMlines which are in reality the continuations of those of the middlepart. The posterior part is distinguished from the median part bya profound constriction. It forms an immense auricle which is veryhigh and which is marked by feeble concentric lines which coincidewith its basal margin. The junction of the anterior and medianpart is marked by a tumid area. Interior bluish white, the middleportion is rather roughened and terminates ventrally in a very strongknob. The posterior part is wing-shaped, very broadly expanded andplaced upon the posterior portion of the median part in such a waythat it projects over it as a decided shelf which is very thick at its freeborder and contains a large cavity behind it that extends to the ven-tral margin. The umbonal portion, that is, about one-fourth of thelength of the posterior part, is narrow and very much thickened,while the rest is very broadly expanded and concave, and marked bywavelike corrugations which coincide with the ventral margin indisposition. There is a strong blade which extends obliquely fromover the umbone toward the ventral knob. The pallet is unknown.We are therefore unable to give this form subgeneric or even genericdesignation. The shell, however, is so characteristic that, for thesake of completeness, we felt that the species must be recognized.The type (Cat. No. 311063, U.S.N.M.) was collected by the UnitedStates Bureau of Fisheries Steamer Albatross Philippine Expe-dition, from a piece of wood dredged at station 5269 off MatocotPoint, western Luzon, in 220 fathoms on fine sand and pebbly bot-tom. It measures: Height, 6.3 mm.; length, 6.5 mm.; diameter ofhalf shell 3 mm. Cat. No. 312934, U.S.N.M., contains another valvetaken from the same piece of wood.

U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 2, PART 5 PL. 53
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see page 665
EXPLANATION OF PLATESAll figures of the shell have been given the same enlargement, This is alsotrue of the detail of the shell sculpture, I>u1 ihis is of much greater magnifica-tion than t hai of the shell. Plate ">?">Fig. 1. Bankia {Bankia) philippinensis.2. Bankia {Bankiella) davaoensis.3. Bankia (Bankia) philippinensis.4. Bankia (Bankiella) davaoensis.5. Bankia (Neobankia) johnsoni.0. Teredo (Teredothyra) smithi.7. Teredo (Teredothyra) smithi.s. Teredo (Ungoteredo) matocotana.9. Teredo (Ungoteredo) matocotana.10. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis.11. Teredo (Teredothyra) radcliffei.12. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis.13. Bankia (Neobankia) johnsoni.]\. Teredo (Teredothyra) radcliffei.27563 27? 3 555
Plate 54Fie. 1. Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.2. Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.
'.',. Teredo (Psiloteredof) escarceoana.J. Eoteredo philippinensis.5. Eoteredo philippinensis.6. Eoteredo phillippinensis.7. Teredo {Teredothyra) tanonensis.s. Teredo (Ungoteredo) pujadana.9. Teredo (Psiloteredof) escarceoana.10. Teredo (Ungoteredo) pujadana.556
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 2. PART 5 PL. 54
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see page 556
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 2, PART 5 PL. 55
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see page 557
Plate 55Fig. 1. Teredo (Lyrodus) linaoana.2. ?Teredo (subgenus?) luzonensis.3. fTeredo (subgenus?) mindoroana.4. Teredo (Lyrodus) linaoana.5. fTeredo (subgenus?) mindoroana.6. .'Ten iId (subgenus?) luzonensis.
Plate 50Fig. 1. Teredo {Teredothyra) tanonensis.2. Teredo (Ungoteredo) matocatana.
:\. Bankia (Bankiella) davaoensis.4. Teredo (Teredothyra) smithi.f). Teredo (Teredothyra) radcliffei.(i. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis.7. Bank-iii (Neobankia) johnsoni.8. Bankia (Bankia) philippinensis.558
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 2. PART 5 PL. 56
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SHIPWORMS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDSFor explanation of piaie ;ee pace '< 59
Plate 57Fig. 1. ? Teredo (subgenus.' i mindoroana.2. f Teredo (subgenus?) luzonensis.3. Teredo (Ungoteredo) pujadana.4. Teredo (Psiloteredo) escarceoana.5. Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.6. Teredo (Lyrodus) linaoana.7. Eoteredo philippinensis. 559
P., \TK .ISFig. 1. Bankia (Neobankia) barlhelowi.2. Bankia ( Neobankia) barthelowi.3. Bankia ( Neobankia) barthelowi.4. Bankia (Bankiella) rfaraaenxix.5. Bankia {Bankiella) daraoenxis.6. Bankia (Bankiella) davaoensis.7. Bankia ( Bankia) philippinensis.8. Bankia ( Bankia) pliilippi n< nsis.9. Bankia (Bank-mi philippinensis.10. Bankia (Neobankia) johnsoni.11. Bankia (Neobankia) johnsoni.12. Bankia (Neobankia) johnsoni.560
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100. VOL. 2. PART 5 PL. 58
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see page 660
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100. VOL. 2. PART 5 PL. 59
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see page 561
Plate 59
?i,;. 1
Plate 60Fig. 1. Teredo (Ungoteredo) pujadana.2. Teredo {Ungoteredo) pujadana.3. Teredo (Ungoteredo) pujadana.4. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis.5. Teredo (Ungoteredo) matocotana.6. Teredo (Ungoteredo) matocotana.7. Teredo (Ungoteredo) motocotana.8. Teredo (Coeloteredo) mindanensis.
'.). Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.10. Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.11. Teredo (Ungoteredo) chamberlaini.12. Teredo [Coeloteredo) mindanensis.562
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 100, VOL. 2, PART 5 PL. 60
Shipworms of the Philippine IslandsFor explanation of plate see paoe 562o