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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONBUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYBULLETIN 152
Index toSchoolcraft's "Indian Tribesof the United States"
Compiled byFRANCES S. NICHOLS

I ^ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONBUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGYBULLETIN 152
Index toSchoolcraft's "Indian Tribesof the United Statesw
Compiled byFRANCES S. NICHOLS
UNITED STATESGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICEWASHINGTON : 1954For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing OfficeWashington 25, D. C. - Price $1.25
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
Smithsonian Institution,Bureau of American Ethnology,Washington, D. 0., January 15, 1951.Sir : I have the honor to transmit herewith a manuscript entitled
"Index to Schoolcraft's 'Indian Tribes of the United States'," com-piled by Frances S. Nichols, and to recommend that it be published asa bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology.Very respectfully yours, M. W. Stirling, Director.Dr. Alexander Wetmore,Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.n
INTRODUCTIONOne hundred years ago, on July 22, 1850, Henry Rowe Schoolcraftsubmitted for publication the first volume of his treatise on the Indiantribes of the United States. This volume was issued in 1851 underthe title "Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the His-tory, Condition, and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the UnitedStates, Collected and prepared under the direction of the Bureau ofIndian Affairs, per act of Congress of March 3, 1847."Schoolcraft,1 born on March 28, 1793, in Albany County, N. Y.,attended public school in Hamilton, N. Y., and at the age of 15entered Union College. Later he attended Middlebury College,where he showed great interest in linguistics and the natural sciences,particularly geology and mineralogy. In 1817 at Utica, N. Y., hewrote a book on glassmaking, that being the occupation of his father.His first explorations were in the Indian country of southern Missouriand Arkansas, where he studied the mineral resources in 1817-18. Hepublished a book on the lead mines of Missouri in 1819. In 1820 hewas a member of the Cass Expedition to the upper Mississippi and theLake Superior copper region. In 1832 he made another expeditionto the sources of the Mississippi, and published detailed accounts ofboth journeys.His travels in out-of-the-way places led to a strong interest in theIndians. In recognition of this, in 1822 he was appointed Indianagent for the tribes of Lake Superior. In 1823 he married a quarter-blood Chippewa girl, who though educated in Europe had lived muchof her life in the native way.His interest in the Indians increased steadily and he soon madethe study of Indians his full-time work. Needing data on the Indianproblem, the Government made him Superintendent of Indian Affairsfor Michigan in 1836. He served in this capacity until 1841, duringwhich period he negotiated several treaties with the Chippewa, in-cluding the important treaty of March 28, 1836, whereby the UnitedStates obtained title to the northern third of the lower peninsula andthe eastern half of the upper peninsula of Michigan. In 1828 hehelped found the Historical Society of Michigan and in 1832 theAlgic Society of Detroit.2
*A detailed biography of Schoolcraft Is to be found In "Schoolcraft-Longfellow-Hiawatha," by Chase S. Osborn and Stellanova Osborn, Lancaster, 1942.
' Dictionary of American Biography, vol. 16, New York. 1935. m
IV BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Schoolcraft was a prolific writer and produced an impressive listof titles, mostly dealing with travel and Indian customs. Some ofthe more important of these are "Algic Kesearches," a 2-volume ac-count of Indian mental characteristics published in 1839 ; "Oneota,"describing the Indian history and prospects, published in 1844-45;and "Personal Memories of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes,"published in 1851. These works were of a literary rather than ascientific nature. Feeling strongly that the material he had collectedshould be made available for scientific study, he projected an Indianencyclopedia, but this was set aside for another project which wasmade possible for him through Government subsidy.In accordance with an act of Congress approved March 3, 1847, theSecretary of War appointed Schoolcraft "to collect and digest suchstatistics and materials as may illustrate the history, the present con-dition, and future prospects of the Indian tribes of the United States."The first volume, issued in 1851, was followed by others in rapidsuccession, and by 1857 the publication of the entire set of six foliovolumes had been completed. Copiously illustrated by Capt. SethEastman, this work under Government auspices was the first authori-tative general compendium on the American Indian.In compiling his material, Schoolcraft drew upon the knoAvledgeof the leading specialists from different areas. Traders, missionaries,Indian agents, and others who had spent a great part of their liveswith the Indians generously furnished him with detailed informationin response to his officially sanctioned requests.His first act in preparation for his task was to draw up a circularunder the sponsorship of the Office of Indian Affairs entitled "In-quiries, Respecting the History, Present Condition, and FutureProspects of the Indian Tribes of the United States." The firstof several editions of this circular was issued in July 1847, in accord-ance with the provisions of section 5, chapter 66, of the Laws of theTwenty-ninth Congress, second session, and approved March 3, 1847,which read, "And be it further enacted, That in aid of the means nowpossessed by the Department of Indian Affairs through its existingorganization, there be, and hereby is, appropriated the sum of fivethousand dollars to enable the said department, under the direction ofthe Secretary of War to collect and digest such statistics and materialas may illustrate the history, the present condition, and futureprospects of the Indian tribes of the United States."The original circular recites that it was addressed to four classes ofindividuals, namely, "I. Persons holding positions under the depart-ment, who are believed to have it in their power to impart muchpractical information respecting the tribes who are, respectively,
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" V
under their charge. II. Persons who have retired from similar situa-tions, travelers in the Indian Territory, or partners and factors onthe American frontiers. III. Men of learning or research who haveperused the best writers on the subject and who may feel willing tocommunicate the results of their reading or reflections. IV. Teachersand missionaries to the aborigines."The circular closes with an expression of the "anxiety which isfelt to give the materials collected the character of entire authenticity,and to be apprised of any erroneous views in the actual manners andcustoms, character, and condition of our Indian tribes which mayhave been promulgated. The Government, it is believed, owes it toitself to originate a body of facts on this subject of an entirelyauthentic character, from which the race at large may be correctlyjudged by all classes of citizens, and its policy respecting the tribesunder its guardianship, and its treatment of them, properly understoodand appreciated."The 348 inquiries in the circular embrace the history (and arche-ology) , the tribal organization, the religion, the manners and customs,the intellectual capacity and character, the present condition, thefuture prospects, and the language, of the Indian tribes of theUnited States.3In 1851, as stated above, the first of the six volumes of "Historicaland Statistical Information" appeared. This important work, whichdid so much to crystallize the thinking of students of the AmericanIndian during the formative years of anthropology in this country,has fallen into general disuse as a reference work during the presentgeneration. This has been due in part to the general suppositionthat its contents, particularly as to theory, have become antiquated,and also to the fact that the huge bulk of material is badly organized.Lacking an index, the task of looking up particular topics has tendedto frighten away would-be researchers.Despite its faults, this opus will always remain a mine of sourcematerial. At the time of its compilation, aboriginal culture in theUnited States, although rapidly disintegrating, was still a living,vital reality. This was particularly true of the tribes west of theMississippi, which were just beginning to feel the effects of the en-croachment of white civilization. The bulk of the material reflectsthe direct observations of intelligent men who knew the Indiansthrough long contact with them.Mrs. Nichols, whose long experience on the editorial staff of theBureau of American Ethnology well fitted her for the task, is to be
* Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri, by Edwin Thompson Denig, edited by J. N. B.Hewitt, 46th Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethonology, Washington, 1930.
VI BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152
congratulated for completing the tedious chore of indexing thesebooks. It is to be hoped that the publication of tins index will restoreto more general use this now neglected classic on the American Indians.Matthew W. Stirling,Director, Bureau of American Ethnology.
INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "INDIAN TRIBESOF THE UNITED STATES"Compiled by Frances S. Nichols[Roman numerals, i, n, in, iv, v, vi, indicate volume numbers]
Abacactes, brief account of, in, 511Abacaries, brief account of, in, 511Abacooche. See Coosa River.Aba-inka, Choctaw name for SupremeBeing, in, 511 ; v, 72Abanakis. See Abnaki.Abanes, brief account of, ni, 511Abankoui, brief account of, in, 511Abbacoochees, a Creek town, v, 262.Abbatotine. See Ambatawwoots.Abbetikis. See Abittibi.Abbinojee, term for infant, n, 63Abbot and Deforest, murder of, i, 217Abbott, Thomas J., Creek census takenby, iv, 579-581Abecas (Abeicas), a Tombigbee Riverband, in, 512Abegiras, mission of, in, 513Abel, Mr., interpreter, in, 161Abenaki language. See Abnaki lan-guage.Abenakies, Abenakis, Abenaquis. SeeAbnaki.Abercrombie, Gen., vi, 226, 233Abernaquis, variant spelling of Abena-quis, m, 513See also Abnaki.Abert, Col. John J., i, 220 ; u, 95, 99Abert, J. W., reference to report of,in, 403Abert, Lt., information furnished by,i, 198Abetto, Chief, vr, 255Abihka. See Abecas.Abikudshi. See Abbacoochees ; Ar-biccoochee.Abinakee, Abinakies, Abinakis, Abina-qui. See Abnaki.
Abipones, account of, in, 513Abiquico pueblo, change in, v, 689Abiquin, possibly Yuque-Yunque, iv, 39Abiquiu. See Abiquico ; Abiquin.Abisca, a region of Peru, in, 513Abitanis, a mountain of Peru, in, 513Abitegas, brief description of, ni, 513Abittibi (Abbetikis, Tabittikis), in,555, 556totem, in, 555, 556Abittibi Lake, a Canadian lake, in, 514Abnaki (Abanakis, Abenakis, Abena-quis, Abinakee, Abinakies, Abina-kis, Abinaquis, Abonakies), in,553 ; vi, 156account of, m, 512-513at Braddock's defeat, vi, 218classification, m, 401derivation of name, in, 512-513;vi, 174district inhabited by, ni, 512, 559;iv, 542; vi, 714divisions, m, 512hunting grounds, vi, 714migrations, vi, 734missionary work among, vi, 735,738other names for, vi, 174population, vi, 270possible application of name, vi,104relations with English, vi, 173-175relations with French, v, 218totems, ni, 553warriors, number of, in, 553, 559;
' vi, 270, 714See also Obunegos ; Opanangoes
;
Tarratines ; Wabanakee.
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Abnaki (Abenaki) language, affinities,in, 512publications in, iv, 541-542vocabulary, nr, 512See also Openango language.Abo, or Abou, discussion of term, in,514Aboinug (Abwoin, Abwoinug), discus-sion of name, in, 515enemies of, n, 136, 141 ; v, 39synonym of Sioux, v, 39See also Dakota.Abonakies. See Abnaki.Aborigines. See Indians.Abortion, among the Dacotas, i, 252among the Kenistenos, v, 167Abraham (Little Abraham), Chief,ability of, vi, 281brief account of, in, 514succession, to chieftaincy, iv, 481Absarokas (Absarokes), vi, 6S6population of, I, 257, 523 ; vi, 686relation to Wattasoons, in, 251See also Crow Indians ; Upsarokas.Absarokes. See Absarokas.Absecon, derivation of name, in, 514-515Abstinence, Indian powers of, in, 211Abucees, a Quito settlement, in, 515Abwoin, Abwoinug. See Aboinug.Abyssinians, hair of, iv, 363-364Acalhuas (Acolhuans), v, 106arrival of, in Mexico, in, 515idol of, vi, 641knowledge of metals, vi, 600place in Mexican chronology, in,515Valley of Mexico occupied by, v,95 ; vi, 596, 742See also Tezcocans.Acalhuas and Chichemecas, dynasty of,v, 96Acamuchitlan, settlement of, in, 515Acantepec, settlement of, in, 515Acari, brief description of, ni, 515Acatepee, settlements called, in, 516Acatl, a day symbol, in, 516Acatlan, settlement of, in, 516Acaxee Indians, account of, in, 516Acazingo, population, in, 516Accocesaws, description, in, 516Accohanocs, brief account of, ni, 517location, vi, 131
Accomacs (Accomacks), brief accountof, in, 517 ;v, 36name, meaning of, ni, 517 ; vi, 104territory occupied by, vi, 131Accomentas. See Accominta.Accominta (Accomentas, Accominti-cus), a Pawtucket division, in,517listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218Accominticus. See Accominta.Accouchement. See Childbirth.Accoutrements, description, in, 69Achafalaya, derivation of name, ni, 517Achagua, description, in, 517Achalaque group (Achalaques, Ache-laque), an ethnic group, n, 343De Soto in territory of, n, 35map showing location, n, 28modern Cherokees, n, 35 ; in, 41
;
v, 42, 482one of seven generic families, n,33Achaque, totem of, in, 554Achelaque. Sec Achalaque group.Achquanchicola, meaning of name, in,517Achsissaghecs, Iroquois name for Mis-sissagies, in, 517Acolhuans. See Acalhuas ; Tezcocans.Acoma (Acome), in, 304; iv, 77, 216;vi, 686Acuco identified as, iv, 26, 33, 39arrival of Spaniards, iv, 26, 32language, v, 689method of defense, rv, 26population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 686,709sketch of, iv, 26Acome. See Acoma.Acorns, use as food, m, 146 ; v, 649Acqu.inoshionee (Acwinoshioni, Akqui-nashioni), vi, 298name, meaning of, in, 517, 532for the Six Nations, vi, 298for the Iroquois Confederacy,in, 517, vi, 323Actopan, Othomi settlement of, in, 517Acuco, identified as Acoma, rv, 26, 33, 39Acuera, ni, 57reply to De Soto, in, 37-38 ; vi, 63A-cu-lah, Pecos name for Cicuye, iv, 35Acutitlan, a Mexican settlement, in, 518Acwinoshioni. See Acquinoshionee.
Nichols J INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES"Adaes. See Adai.Adai (Adaes, Adaize, Addees, Addies,Adees), vi, 686brief account of, in, 518country occupied by, m, 585, 596listed as a linguistic family, m, 402population, in, 585, 596 ; vi, 686Adair, Andrew, murder of, iv, 471Adair, James, criticism of work of, v, 82discussion of theory of, v, 86-88quoted on celestial cherubim, v, 74Adair, Washington, murder of, iv, 471Adaize. See Adai.Adams, President John Quincy, state ofIndian tribes under, vi, 346-347,418-427Adario, activities, in, 518-520; v, 521-524character, v, 521-522Adarondak. See Adirondacks.Addees, Addies, Adees. See Adai.Adic, or Adik, a mythological character,in, 520Adikumaig, etymology of the word, in.520Adirondacks (Adarondak), a name forthe Algonquins, in, 521 ; iv, IDS,204 ; v, 40, 137Iroquois war on, iv, 382 ; vi, 188name, meaning of, iv, 3S4 ; v, 40, 137population, vi, 270warriors, number of, vi, 270See also Orondocks.Adoles, a settlement of the Saliva na-tion, ni, 521Adoption, as a compliment, m, 189-190,195of captives, in, 186, 1S9 ; rv, 53Adultery, punishment for, among theCreeks, v, 269, 273Adze, illustrations of, II, 516use of, ii, 514Aegakotcheising (Ottawa), census of, i,478-487Affagoula, a Louisiana village, m, 521Agaces, account of, in, 521Agahonna, reference to, vi, 200Agamentigus, application of the name,in, 521Agamuntic, a Maine lake, m, 521Agaraits, a Trinity River village, in, 139Agariata, Chief, brief account of, ni, 521Agassiz, Louis, reference to, iv, 13S, 190
Agawam tribe, country occupied by, m,521 ; v, 221origin of name, v, 221relations with the Pennacook, v, 222Aggodagada, the giant, story of, in, 521Agiocochook, aboriginal name for WhiteMountains, ni, 521Agnoles, country occupied by, in, 522Agouhanna, Chief, vi, 57Agreskoe (Areskoui), Iroquois god ofwar, ni, 522, 536Agrias, identification of, m, 522Agriculture, I, 54-61among Choctaws and Chickasaws,vi, 526among Moquis, iv, 86among Navajos, iv, 212among Ojibwas, n, 137among Oregon Indians, in, 222at time of discovery of America, vi,564at Zuiii, vi, 221implements used in, v, 106Indian attitude toward, n, 519; in,222Indians unfitted for, i, 223in the Mississippi Valley, I, 50, 51lack of, among Snake Indians, i,211main products, in, 270; iv, 665results of adoption, in Peru andMexico, v, 392See also Corn ; Food ; Garden-beds
;
Tobacco.Aguilusco, settlement of, ni, 522Aguirre, cited on head flattening, n,328Agustine, Michael, treaty concludedby, v, 677Ahachae, a band of Osages, iv, 406Ahahawa (Ahahaways, Ahahways),in, 514brief account of, in, 250-251Crow band, in, 522location, m, 522population, ni, 522See also Wattasoons.Abahaways. See Ahahawa.Ahahways. See Ahahawa.Ahahweh. See Ah-auh-wauk family.Ahapopka, a Florida lake, in, 522Ahasimus, an Indian place name, ni,522
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Ah-auh-wauk (Ah-awh-wauk) family,characteristics, n, 150chief belonging to, n, 142Ah-awk-wauk. See Ah-auh-wauk.Ahchessee, chief of the Yuquache, vi,702Ahealt. See Port Stuart Indians.A-hel-tah, a Trinity River village, in,139Ah-hoo-zeeb-kaw's Band, census of, i,498-507Ah loc e yoholo of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Ah-mau-dah-kas (Ah-nau-dah-k a s),dwellings, v, 682language, v, 682origin tradition, v, 682population, v, 702See also Anadarko.Ah-nau-dah-kas. See Ah-mau-dah-kas.Ahnenin, classification of, m, 402Ahoma tribe, brief account of, in, 522Ahouandate, a name for the Wyandots,in, 522Ahquedauken, origin of name, v, 225use of name, v, 226Ahrendah-ronons. See Arendahron-ons.Ahtena. See Atnah.Ahuacatlan, name of Axtec settle-ments, in, 522Ah-wash-tes, a tribe of Dolores Mis-sion, ii, 506Ahwaste. See Ah-wash-tes.Aiches, a Texas settlement, in, 522Aijoues (Ajoues), estimate of warri-ors of, m, 559French name for Iowas, in, 256identification, in, 522location, in, 559See also Iowas.Aingodon, an ancient sorcerer, in, 522Ais, a mythological character, in, 523Aisemid, a mythological character, in,523Aishkibugikozh, Chief, derivation ofname, m, 523See also Flat-mouth.Aishkwaigonabee, Chief, band of, de-scribed, in, 523Aishquagonabi, an Ottowa chief, vi, 386Aissance, noted chief of Red Lakeband, n, 165
Ajoues. See Aijoues.Akansa, synonym of Arkansas (q. v.),in, 537Akeek, the Algonquin cooking pot, i,81-82Akosa's band, census, i, 458-467description, in, 524Akquinashioni. See Acquinoshionee.Akwinoshioni band, vr, 138Alabaha River, brief description of, v,256Alabama, Fort (Alibamo), attack on,in, 46description, rv, 124Alabama language, a Creek dialect, i,268Alabama River, description, v, 257Alabama River region, Indians of, vi32Alabama (State), admission to theUnion, vi, 393Indian lands in, m, 584, 586Indian population, in, 584, 586; v,480, 481name, meaning of, in, 511, 524population and area, iv, 610Alabamas (Alibamous, Alibamu), vi,686account of, ni, 524Appalachian tribe, in, 29 ; v, 42classification, n, 344; in, 401, 404conquered by Muscogees, n, 32 ; v,259Creek Nation, part of the, in, 559
;
v, 115, 260early name of the Creeks, vi, 333linguistic relations, in, 404merged into Creeks, v, 259; vi, 686origin myth, i, 266population, in, 399, 524warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559Alabamas (village), a Creek town, v,262Alabamians, Muscogee name for them-selves, i, 266 ; n, 32Alachees, conquered by Muscogees, n,32Alachua, a Florida place name, in, 524Alachuas. See Alachees; Lotchnoayband.Alafiers, Maj. Dade ambushed by, vr,469
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "TJ. S. INDIAN TRIBES"Alagonkins, dwelling grounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714Alapirire, mission of Barcelona Prov-ince, iv, 556Alaska, brief discussion of name, in,524Albany, N. Y., Hendrick Hudson at siteof, vi, 101Albertson, Capt. Isaac, Chickasaw di-vision of, I, 50SAlbinos, among American Indians, m,393; iv, 81, 221Alcanic type, n, 45Alcantara, Pedro, information fur-nished by, n, 506vocabulary by, n, 494Alcedo, population estimates by, v, 34Alcoholic liquors, among Bonacks andShoshonees, i, 228effect of introduction, i, 434, 435
;
n, 550; ni, 212; vi, 556-557, 562Indian neutrality bought with, v,190revolt against law concerning, iv,471^*72See also Intoxication; Whiskeytrade.Alempigon, identification of name, in,524Alewives, habits, in New Englandrivers, v, 225-226Alexander, vi, 173origin of name, vr, 115son of Massasoit, vr, 103Alexandria, arrival of Gen. Braddockat, vi, 215-216Algic, use of term, hi, 524Algics, Iroquois defeated by, vr, 201Algomeequin (Algomequin), name forAlgonquins (q. v.) , i, 306; v,38Algonac village, derivation of name,ni, 524Algonkin. See Alagonkins.Algonkin-Lenapee, use of term, i, 197Algonkins, a linguistic family, ni, 401,402See also Algonquin family.Algonquian stock. See Algonquin fam-ily; Algonquins.
Algonquin family (group, stock, tribes),attitude of, toward the French,vi, 213, 242brief description, vr, 96census returns, i, 458-497country occupied by, v, 38-40; vi,31, 32-33cranial capacity, n, 335; vr, 574derivation of various names, v, 38divisions, i, 458, 478, 488; v,144-146French influence with, vi, 213gradual extinction, v, 481identified by moccasins, m, 66map showing location of, n, 28migration, line of, v, 39-42period of, v, 39name for themselves, vi, 573of Mississippi Valley, list of, v,40-41one of seven generic families, i, 33,343origin and division, iv, 148origin of name, v, 38, 143-144population, I, 523position on Great Lakes, vi, 204tribes, m, 591-593 ; v, 41adopting Christianity, v, 504See also Algonquins.Algonquin language, bibliography, iv,529-542characteristics, v, 676circuit followed by, v, 146compounding of words in, iv, 372-380dialects, n, 341general discussion, vi, 673-684geographical names in, with deri-vation, rv, 379-3S0grammatical structure, rr, 353-442note on, rv, 554orthographical peculiarity, vi, 174plan of thought in, vr, 673-674preservation, in, 96range, n, 36short list of words in, v, 38verb "to hunt" in, vr, 552vocabularies, n, 458-481words of, incorporated into Eng-lish, vr, 103Algonquinensis, use of term, m, 524
6 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Algonquins, in, 553; vi, 686alliance with Menoininie, i, 304antiquities, i, 66-69application of term, ii, 36bands in Hudson Valley, vi, 147beliefs concerning the soul, i, 33,39burial customs, v, 81canoe building, n, 513circle of occupation, iv, 529colonial changes affecting, vi, 236comparison with Mexicans, v, 107cooking vessels, I, 81country occupied by, i, 196-197,306 ; in, 559 ; vi, 200, 206cranial capacity, n, 332 ; v, 244discussion of supremacy, vi, 148fabric made by, iv, 139inscription made by, I, 107intertribal relations, vi, 199migrations, i, 306mythology and superstitions, vi,658-663names of tribes, vi, 32-33number in New York, i, 524in Ohio Valley, rv, 605-606numerical system, v, 712origin and meaning of name, i, 197,306; ir, 358ossuary of, i, 102physical characteristics, v, 243-244 ;VI, 42population, vi, 270, 272, 275, 686pottery, i, 81-82relations with French, v, 146-147,647religion, i, 72; in, 511stature, iv, 349supreme deity of, in, 511totems, in, 553warriors, number of, in, 553, 559
;
vi, 270See also Algonkins ; Algonquinfamily ; Algonquins, western.Algonquins, western, census, i, 488-497divisions, i, 488geographical position, i, 488Lenapee subtype, chiefly of, I, 488Aliatan, a synonym of Itan, in, 524See also Ietan.Alibamo, a synonym of Alabama (q. v.),n, 34
Alibamous. See Alabamas.Alibamu. Sec Alabamas.Aliche, a Caddo band, in, 524Alipkonck, location of village, m, 525Allabamous (fort), erection, v, 278Allakaweah Indians, population, m, 525territory occupied by, in, 525See also Paunch Indians.Allca, a Peruvian race, in, 525Allegans (Alleghans), in, 525; vi, 35conquered by Senecas, rv, 606country occupied by, vi, 176forced from Ohio Valley, vi, 176history, v, 133-135Lenni Lenapees preceded by, v, 99migration tradition, v, 98name, origin of, in, 525other names for, v, 133period on Alleghany River, iv, 172synonym of Alleghany nation, in,525tradition concerning, v, 134traditional home, iv, 606traditional name of moundlmild-ers, iv, 137See also Allegewi ; Cherokee.Allegewi (Allegewy, Alleghewi, Alli-gewi), a synonym of Allegans, v,133; vi, 176burial mounds, iv, 137driven off by Six Nations, n, 37fortifications attributed to, iv, 136identified as Cherokees, vi, 47synonym of Alleghany nation, in,525See also Allegans; Cherokee.Allegewi language, last remaining wordsof, vi, 176-177Alleghans. See Allegans.Alleghany, Onondagas at, vi, 706Senecas at, vi, 706Alleghany Mountains, discussion ofname of, in, 525; iv, 137, 380; v,133, 595Alleghany Reservation, census, vi, 690location of, vi, 690Alleghany (Allegany) River, discussionof name, iv, 137, 380 ; v, 133, 595
;
vi, 176pictographs from, iv, 172-173various names for, iv, 172
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES"
Allegory, Indian, comment on, I, 310discussion, nr, 313-314example, i, 327See also Tales.Allen, Lt James, 1, 144, 145, 148map made by, iv, 189Alliances, tribal, proofs of, i, 268See also Confederacy.Alligator, Chief, vi, 469Alligator Indians, skirmishes with, vi,359-360Allouez (Alloez), Father Claude, con-tact with Ojibwas, n, 147missionary labors, v, 647-648; vi,734Almochico (Almouchico), application ofname, in, 525, 537-538; vi, 104Almouchico. See Almochico.Alphabet, Cherokee. See Cherokee al-phabet.Alphabetic characters, antiquity of, i,343, 344Alsea. See Ulseahs.Alsethic type, Noachin type derivedfrom, n, 45Al-tah-mos, a Dolores Mission tribe,ii, 506Altamaha River, Creeks located on, vi,186, 370etymology of name, in, 525Altamaha River region, Indians of, vi,32Altar-mounds, devotional element shownin, iv, 126Altars, buried in mounds, i, 73pipes found on, i, 52, 73See also Altar-mounds.Althmack, Lawrence, Lapland drumowned by, i, 427Alvarado, Hernando de, expedition ledby, iv, 26-27reference to massacre ordered by,in, 23Alvord, Maj. B., Oregon Indians de-scribed by, v, 651Amacaches, a Brazilian tribe, in, 525Amahami. See Ahahawa; Watta-soons.Ainaikiara. See Eli-nek.
Amalecites (Amalisfces), location, in,558, 559population, m, 525warriors, number of, in, 553, 559See also Malecite.Amalistes. See Amalecites.Amariscoggins (Ameriscoggins), anAbenaki division, in, 512derivation of name, v, 223location, v, 223members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 223See also Arosaguntacook.Amatakaules, meaning of name, in, 525Ambatawwoots (Ambawtamoot, Am-bawtawoots), an Athapascantribe, in, 542meaning of name, in, 525population, n, 28Ambawtamoot, Anibawtawoots. SeeAmbatawwoots.Amboy, derivation of name, in, 526Amelicks, number of warriors, in, 553See also Amalecites.Amenorrhoea, treatment, iv, 513American Antiquarian Society, investi-gations made by, vi, 601American Baptist Home Mission So-ciety, children instructed by, v,699American Baptist Home MissionarySociety, data on missions of, vi,740American Baptist Missionary Union,missions, vi, 738work, v, 698American Board of Commissioners forForeign Missions, in, 512; vi,517missions, vr, 738work among Indians, v, 502, 503American Board of Foreign Missions,reference to, v, 188American Continent, earliest knowledgeof, v, 27American [Evangelical] MissionaryAssociation, work of, among In-dians, v, 502, 503American Fur Co., organization of, vr,'398American Indian Missionary Associa-tion, data on missions of, vr, 740work, v, 502, 503
s BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152American Indians. See Indians.American Missionary Association, dataon missions of, vi, 740Americans, use of term, u, 25-26Ameriscoggins. See Amariscoggins.Amherst, Gen. [Sir Jeffrey], n, 241; vi,237aid asked of, vi, 239, 240campaign planned by, vi, 252, 259frontier forts relieved by, vi, 247successes, vi, 233-234Amhertsburg, headquarters of Tecum-seh, vi, 362Amicways, derivation of name, in, 526See also Amikwa.Amidas, Philip, voyage made by, vi,83-84Amik, a Chippewa mythological name,in, 526Amik, Chief, vi, 261Amikiminis, derivation of name, in,526Amikouis, French name for Diononda-ties, in, 526Amikwa. See Amicways ; Necariages
;
Ounikanes.Amikwuk, identification, in, 526Amixocores, a Brazilian nation, in, 526Amola, meaning of name, ni, 526Amonoosuck, name of two rivers, in,526Amoskeag, vi, 173derivation and meaning of name,in, 526; v, 217, 221-222; 223;vi, 174location, v, 221other names for, v, 234Pennacook village, v, 230subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222See also Namaoskeag; Namaske;Naumkeag.Amoskeag Falls, Indians at, v, 217location, v, 221See also Amoskeag.Ampones, a Paraguay tribe, in, 526-527Amputation, Dacota attitude toward, i,254not practiced by Creeks, i, 274Amulets, illustrations of, i, 105 ; n, 90vi, 603ornaments worn as, ra, 69See also Charms.
Anacoana, Queen (Annacoand), in, 23;vi, 36, 615brief account of, in, 527song of, n, 309, 312story of, ii, 309-312Anadahkas, Anadahkoes, Anadakas,An-a-dak-kas. See Anadarko.Anadarko (Anadahkas, Anadahkoes,Anadakas, Anadakkas), vi, 686language, v, 712location, vi, 704population, i, 518 ; vi, 686, 704, 708relations with Texans, v, 712See also Ah-mau-dah-kas ; Andai-cos; Madahas; Nandakoes.Anahuac, the Valley of Mexico, in, 527Aztec arrival at, v, 61reference to traditions of, v, 106Anastasio, a minor chief of theCuchans, n, 112Anasuguntakook, country occupied by,in, 527See also Arosaguntacook.Anatomy, Chinese knowledge of, rv,506-507Dacota knowledge of, i, 249Indian knowledge of, iv, 241-242,501-502, 505-506Ancamares, a Brazilian tribe, ru, 527Ance's band, Oak Point, census of, i,458-467Ancestors, beliefs concerning, i, 39oriental deification of, v, 406veneration for, v, 92, 93, 104Andachkhroh, town of the Neutral Na-tion, iv, 206, 207An-dag-weos. See Andaigweos.Andaicos (Anduicos), ni, 403population, in, 635; vi, 699See also Anadarko.Andaigweos, Chief (An-dag-weos), der-ivation of name, in, 527friend of the Whites, n, 150Andasta, Chief, kindness to French, vi,73Andastaka, synonym of Andastes(q. v.)Andastes (Andastakas), iv, 200; vi, 35account of, in, 527 ; vi, 137-141close of history, vi, 141conquered by Senecas, rv, 606country occupied by, vi, 137, 138,149
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "TJ. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 9Andastes (Andastakas ) ?Continuedexpelled from Lake Erie shore, m,290forts built by, v, 109identified as Conestogues, vi, 138identified as Susquehannocks, vi,149in Erie league, n, 344synonyms cf name, vi, 137, 138, 139temporary stay in Ohio Valley, v,41war with Mohawks, vi, 142war with Senecas, vi, 144, 148war on, by Iroquois, v, 137See also Conestogo.Andastoe, synonym of Andastes (q. v.)Andastogue, synonym of Andastes(q. v.)Andover, attacked by Indians, vi, 164Andros, Dr. F., rv, 243mistake made by, rv, 518report on medical practices, m,497-498Anduicos. See Andaicos.Anee-me-kees, treatment of wounds, rv,514Angel, W. G., petition signed by, m,618reports by, n, 538; rv, 603; vi, 694Anhazea, inhabitants briefly described,ii, 32Aniez, French name for the Mohawks(q. v.), in, 527Animal life. See Animals ; Game.Animals, a cause of sickness, n, 175, 180associated with medicine, n, 224attitude toward, v, 420beliefs concerning, m, 229-230, 520
;
v, 408 ; vi, 658extinct, remains of, in, 272; v, 669fur bearing, disappearance of, m,208of California, described, in, 205of the Apache country, v, 209prehistoric, use of bones, n, 175, 179See also Animals, domestic; An-telope; Bear; Beaver; Buf-falo; Deer; Dogs; Fur; Game;Horses; Hunting customs
;
Skins; Skin dressing.Animals, domestic, absence, vi, 564introduction, vr, 616-617
Anker-howhitch, at Utah peace coun-cil, iv, 596Anklet, illustration of, m, 69Annacioris, a Brazilian tribe, in, 527Annacoand. See Anacoana.Annamosing, meaning of the name, in,527Annawon, Philip's war captain, vi, 171Annencraos, Seneca chief, killed by theEries, in, 289Annimikeens (Annimikens), brief ac-count of, rn, 527encounter with bear, n, 55Annuities, Indian, n, 558, 584-589anticipation of, n, 531beginning of system, vi, 320Creek, statement of, iv, 571effect, i, 279, 434-435; n, 548; v,482of salt, ii, 589paid to the Winnebagoes, m, 282recommendations concerning, ii,191, 193, 531right of Indians to, m, 615Annutteligo, ni, 527Anowara (The Turtle), in, 527-528Antalis, a tribe of Chile, in, 528Antelope, hunting of, iv, 60Antiquities, i, 44-129; ii, 83-91; in,73-90; iv, 113-175; v, 85-117architectural, area of, i, 67arts indicated by, i, 70-72attitude toward, of early explor-ers, v, 108, 109comparisons, v, 105-117conclusions drawn from, rv, 658Congaree, iv, 155-169, 170-172illustrated, vi, 179importance of investigation, I, 108Indian, confused with French, v,110in relation to geological changes,v, 111intrusive, v, 85-86, 116lack of, among California Indians,iv, 226Mexican, vr, 576-589illustrations of, vi, 576-591,636, 638, 644Muscogee, v, 660north of Lake Superior, i, 66-67of Cunningham's Island, illus-trated, n, 84-90
10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Antiquities?Continuedof Florida, n, 83-84of Lake Erie, n, 85-88of New Hampshire, iv, 175of New York, iv, 174 ; v, 666-674illustrated, vi, 611of Ohio, v, 113, 660-662, 665-666of Oregon coast, vi, 612-613of the Algonquins, i, 66-69of two epochs, v, 99parallel with arts and customs, v,115Peruvian, v, 89-95, 657-659illustrations of, v, 93, 94 ; vi,593South Carolina, n, 88-89illustrated, n, 90 ; vi, 74west of the Alleghanies, vi, 595-603See also Altars ; Fortifications
;
Garden beds ; Inscriptions
;
Mines ; Mounds ; Newport ruin ;Ossuaries; Pictographs; Ruins.Antiquity of Indian tribes, v, 69-70, 87-88Anton, Chief, n, 111, 112Aondironons, town of, taken by Sene-cas, iv, 201, 208Aouas, De Vaca's name for Iowas (q.v.), ii, 37Apacahand, Chief, also called WhiteEyes (q. v.), in, 528Apache (Apachee) language, v, 202-203affiliates, v, 211and Athapascan, analogies be-tween, v, 173connection with Hebrew, v, 686meager nature of, v, 587vocabulary, v, 202, 578-5S9Apachees. See Apaches.Apaches (Apachees), vi, 686, 708absence of building among, v, 209account of, i, 243; v, 202-214condition and prospects, v, 695country occupied by, v, 197, 203,207-209; vi, 704difficulties in governing, v, 213-214divisions, iv, 216; v, 206, 207-208history, v, 204-206lack of pottery among, m, 299language, v, 698
Apaches (Apachees)?Continuedlongevity, v, 208manners and customs, v, 210-212map showing location, n, 28 ; m, 96migration, v, 202, 205New Mexico, population, i, 519origin legend, v, 687-688; vi, 568population, i, 243, 245, 518, 519 ; m,528 ; v, 484 ; vi, 6S6, 704predatory nature, v, 202Querehos identified as, iv, 35raids into Mexico, n, 330, 334relations with Spaniards, v, 205resemblance to Querechos, iv, 36revolt against Spaniards, v, 212See also Apaches Mascaleros;Apaches Tontos ; Gila Apaches;Jicarillas ; Mescaleros.Apaches Jicarillas, ruins in range of,v, 208See also Jicarillas.Apaches Mascaleros, origin of name,v, 207range of, v, 207See also Mescaleros.Apaches Tontos. See Tontos.Apalacha, application of name, in, 528Apalache (town), Narvaez expeditionat, in, 30-31 ; vr, 45Apalachee (Apalaches, Apalachites,Appalaches), in, 52S-529ancient and modern, in, 528included in Appalachian group, v,42missionary work among, vi, 734Muscogee language spoken by, n,34primordial Floridians, v, 99See also Apalachians ; Apolashe ;Asphalashe.Apalaches. See Apalachee.Apalachia, Apalachian, discussion ofname, v, 594, 595Apalachian group. See Apalachians.Apalachian (Appalachian) languages,preservation of, in, 96publications in, iv, 542-546Apalachian (Appalachian) Mountains,Indians of, v, 42tribes transferred from, vi, 522
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 11Apalacliians (Apalaehian group, Ap-palachians), vi, 37, 552account of, n, 33-35 ; in, 34attempt to gather statistics on, v,482census, i, 508-517 ; vi, 690character, ni, 37characteristics of men, iv, 614cranial capacity, n, 332, 335; vi,244, 574destroyed by Creeks, v, 259generic stock, vi, 31map showing location of, n, 28migration of, v, 99-100name, v, 594-595derivation of, ni, 530one of seven ethnic groups, n, 33,343population, i, 523 ; vi, 276, 518, 522relations with Spaniards, in, 27-2Sstatistics on, v, 498stature, iv, 349superior physique, v, 243-244supreme deity of, in, 511territory occupied by, i, 197; v, 42tribes composing, i, 197; n, 34,344 ; in, 29 ; v, 42 ; vi, 47tribes adopting Christianity, v, 504war with Whites, v, 45-46 ; vi, 185See also Apalachee.Apalachicola (Appalachicola) Bay,mounds near, in, 77Apalachicola (Appalachicola) Riverregion, Indians of, vi, 32Apalachicola (Appalachicola) town, apeace town, in, 531pottery from, i, 84Apalachicolas (Appalachicolas), vi, 686account of, in, 531agreement to removal, vi, 445land ceded by, n, 602; vi, 456land purchased from, n, 600name, origin of, in, 531population, ni; 531, 609, 619; vi,686removal, vi, 497statistics on lands of, n, 605treaty with, v, 499Apalachites. See Apalachee.Apalocha, a form of Apalousa (q. v.),in, 529Apalousa (Apelousas, Appelousa), briefaccount of, iit, 529936706?54 2
Apalousa?Continuedclassification, in, 402population, in, 529, 531Apanenae, a synonym of Pawnee (q. v.)
,
in, 529Apaneo, a Mexican settlement, in, 529A-pang-as-se, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407Apango, a Mexican settlement, in, 529Apani, De Soto's name for Pawnee(q. v.), vr, 495Apanina, De Soto's name for Pawnee(q. v.), v, 495Apantos, description of, in, 529Apaumet, account of life of, vi, 507Apaxco, a Mexican settlement, in, 529Apazingau, a Mexican settlement, m,529Apeche-caw-boway, signature of, ir, 226Apecun (carrying strap), use of, m, 515Apelousas. See Apalousa.Aperas, brief account of, in, 529-530Aperrues, briefly described, m, 530Apetous, briefly described, ni, 530Apichiqui, a tribe of Peru, m, 530Ap-laches, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407Apokeepsing, former name of Pough-keepsie, m, 530meaning of name, m, 530Apokess, Chief, vr, 255Apolashe, location, ni, 585population, ni, 585See also Apalachee.Apomatox, a branch of James River, Va.,in, 530Apoquenemy, derivation of name, m, 530Apotos, an Amazon tribe, m, 530Apoza, an Indian settlement, m, 530Appa, an Indian settlement in Mexico,in, 530Appalache (River), uncertain etymologyof, in, 530Appalaches. See Apalachee.Appalachian languages. See Apalaehianlanguages.Appalachian Mountains. See Apalaeh-ian Mountains.Appalachians. See Apalachians.Appalachicola Bay. See ApalachicolaBay.Appalachicola River. See ApalachicolaRiver.Appalachicola town. See Apalachicola.Appalachicolas. See Apalachicolas.
12 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Appanee, meaning of the name, in, 531Appaumut, Hendrick, presence of, atconference, v, 667Appelousas. See Apalousa.Appolabamba, Indians of, Hi, 531Appropriations, for Indian account, vi,724-725for removal of tribes, vr, 431-435Apuala, settlement of, m, 532Apuckshanubbee, a settlement of Choc-taws and Chickasaws, rv, 582Apuias, description, m, 532A qua mish, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Aquanishuonig, country subject to Iro-quois, in, 196Aqnascalientes, location, iv, 39Aquascogoc. See Aquoscojos.Aquas-saw-tee, a Muskogee dialect, i,268Aquatzagane, ancient Pennsylvaniaband, ni, 532See also Mahican.Aquauachuques, a New Jersey band, in,532Aquedaukenash, meaning of name, v,225noted Pennacook fishing place, v,225Aquedoctau, origin of name, v, 225Aquidneck, former name of Rhode Is-land, in, 532 ; vi, 125Aquiguires, a Brazilian tribe, m, 532Aquinoshioni (Aquinushionee), a syno-nym of Iroquois, ni, 532; vi, 188meaning of name, in, 532 ; vi, 188Aquismon, a Mexican settlement, ni, 532Aquoscojos Indians, colony attacked by,vi, 93hostilities with, vi, 92Arache, identification, iv, 30Aracuyes, description, m, 532-533Aragiske, Iroquois name for Virginia,ni, 533Aranama. See Arrenamuse.Arapahas. See Arapaho.Arapaho (Arapahas, Arapahoes, Are-pahas, Arrapahoes, Arrepahas),v, 495 ; vi, 686bands of, v, 496brief account of, i, 244 ; m, 533called Tattooed People, v, 496
Arapaho?Continuedcensus, vi, 556, 713country occupied by, i, 259 ; m, 403,533, 596 ; v, 496 ; vx, 556, 695, 704given as part of the Atsina, i, 259Gros Ventres, a band of, vr, 699headdress, illustrated, ni, 68indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536map showing location, hi, 96name, meaning of, ni, 533population, i, 244, 245, 519, 523;in, 404, 533, 596, 609; v, 495;vi, 686, 695, 704war coat, illustrated, in, 67See also Kaninahoick ; Seraticks.Arapaho (Arapahoe) language, a cog-nate dialect of the Cheyenne, in,404characteristics, ni, 404vocabulary, in, 446-459Arapahoes. See Arapaho.Arasas, territory occupied by, in, 533Arauca River, tribes on, in, 533Araucanians, account of, in, 533-535Arawak. See Arrowauk.Ar bic coo chee, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Arbre Croche, Ottawa settlement of,described, ni, 535-536population of, in, 535Arbuckle, Gen., vi, 502Arc Indians, a name for the Arkansas(q. v.), m, 537Archeology, discussion of Squier's workin, rv, 116general, i, 44-46intrusive, source of features of, v,99progress in, iv, 169-170See also Antiquities.Archer, Bishop, iv, 535Architecture, ancient, of Mexico andPeru, iv, 437of American Indians, rv, 662steps in development, i, 342Toltec, characteristics of, v, 29, 30See also Buildings; Dwellings.Ardas, a Quito tribe, in, 536Areguoy, a Paraguay settlement, in,536
NicliolsJ INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 13
Arellano, Don Tristan de, expeditionled by, iv, 34, 37Arenac, derivation of name, ui, 536Arendahronons (Ahrendah-ronons), aHuron tribe, iv, 204account of, ni, 522Arentapaqua, a Mexican settlement, m,536Arepabas. See Arapaho.Arequipa, origin of name, ni, 536Aresaguntacook Indians, location, v,227meaning of name, v, 227relations witb Pennacooks, v, 227See also Amariscoggins ; Anasagun-takook.Areskoui (Agreskoe), Iroquois god ofwar, in, 522, 536Arica, burials at, v, 658examination of guacas at, v, 93proposed excavations at, v, 658-659skulls from cemetery of, n, 329Aricaree (Arickaras, Arickarees, Ar-ricaras, Aurickarees), vi, 686,695brief description, vi, 696census, vi, 556divisions, in, 630effect of smallpox on, i, 258; vr,486in tbe Dacota group, n, 37language spoken by, ni, 630location, in, 595, 630; v, 494; vi,556, 696, 704map showing location, in, 96population, i, 257, 523; in, 595,630, 631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 686, 695, 696,704reference to territory of, iv, 486relations witb Mandans, in, 254See also Ricarees.Aricaretes, of Guayama, country occu-pied by, in, 536Arickaras. See Aricaree ; Eokoros.Arickarees. See Aricaree.Aricoris nation, of Guayama, descrip-tion, m, 536-537Arikara. See Aricaree ; Ricarees.Ario, a Mexican settlement, in, 537Arivi, mission of Barcelona Province,iv, 556
Arkansas (State), derivation of name,in, 537 ; iv, 384Indian lands in, m, 585, 586 ; v, 480number of Indians in, in, 585, 5S6
;
v, 480, 481population and area, iv, 610Arkansas (Arkanses) Indians, classi-fication, m, 402description, m, 537population, in, 537territory occupied by, ni, 559villages, in, 537warriors, estimate of, ni, 557, 559See also Quapaws.Arkansas River, followed by De Soto,vi, 67probable origin of the name, iv, 562Arkansas River region, described, I,269-270Arkanses. See Arkansas Indians.Arkokisa. See Accocesaws.Armeomecks, a location on the Susque-hannah, in, 537Armewamux, a location on the Dela-ware, m, 537Armiros, a nation of Paraguay, in, 537Armlets. See Bracelets.Armouchiquois, an Abenaki band, in,537Armstrong, George Parker, home of,described, in, 113ranch of, mentioned, in, 112, 114Armstrong, Mr., quoted on the Choc-taws, vi, 526Arnold, Benedict, iv, 121extract from will made by, iv, 153Fort Stanwix relieved by, vi, 290Arosaguntacook. See Amariscoggins
;
Anasuguntakook ; Aresagunta-cook.Arouaques, supposed ancestors of theCaribs, in, 538Ar par lar tus tun nuck ee, a CussetawTown chief, iv, 579Arrapahoes. See Arapaho.Arrenamuse, a Texas tribe, in, 538Arrepahas. See Arapaho.Arrianicosies, location, ni, 538Arrow dance, description, iv, 80Arrowauks, v, 28
14 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Arrowheads, i, 77-78copper, found in burials, i, 128illustrations of, i, 81-82; in, 468;iv, 175materials used for, i, 78 ; iv, 159method of making, i, 212of the Congarees, iv, 159of the Iowas, ni, 275of the Sioux, n, 177preparation of flints for, m, 467skill shown in making, y, 114Arrowmaker, occupation of, in, 69, 81Arrows, antiquity of, i, 77blunt, Algonquin name for, i, 77force exerted by, i, 77of Oregon and California, in, 207of the Apaches, v, 209-210Shoshonee, described, i, 212-213See also Arrowheads ; Arrow-maker ; Bow and Arrow.Arrowshaft, method of making, i, 212Art, Indian, antique, iv, 437-456at time of the Discovery, iv, 121-123, 438-440decline of, on European contact, iv,121-122destroyed by the Discovery, iv, 142during period of De Soto, rv, 123-125modern, n, 509-516; iv, 435-437northern and southern, compared,v, 394northward trend, iv, 123state of, iv, 435-456 ; v, 391-398anions the Creeks, v, 691-693structural, v, 391-393Arts, Indian, i, 70-94ancient epoch, iv, 116-117and artisans, rv, 453-456and crafts, n, 511-516general summary, v, 115-117household, uniformity of, iv, 175judgment by tools, i, 70-71of northern tribes, culmination, v,115of southern tribes, culmination, v,115overrated by conquerors, v, 95reasons for decline, v, 116-117remains indicating, vi, 598state at Discovery, v, 88inferred by antiquities, I, 70Aryes, a Brazilian tribe, in, 538
Ascondido Rio, a name for the Missis-sippi, in, 538Aseguang, census, v, 4S9language, v, 489location, v, 489Ashegen. See Osse-gon.Ashmun, Samuel, Indian wife of, n, 161Asiatic cholera, appearance of, inBlack Hawk War, vr, 453Asiatics, compared with Indian tribes,i, 35-43early medical knowledge, iv, 492-494Asiganoc, a leader of the Ottawas, in,538Askew, murder party led by, iv, 624,629Aspberry, D. P., work of, iv, 546Asphalashe, country occupied by, in,596population, in, 596See also Apalachee.Asquam, origin of name, v, 221Assama, name for tobacco plant, m,538Assaragoa, Indian name for Governorof Virginia, in, 538; vi, 229Assareawa, application of name, ni, 538Assawa Lake, meaning of name, in, 538Asseguns (Assigunaigs), account of, i,305-30Salliance with Mascoutins, vi, 203country occupied by, vi, 202expulsion from Lake region, vr, 206war with the Manatoulines, vi, 203Assenjigun, Algonquin name for Osage,iv, 304Assestagueronons, a name for Maskou-tens (q. v.), iv, 206Assigunaigs. See Assegun.Assinaboes. See Assiniboin.Assinaboin River, description, in, 538-539Assinaboina, application of name, in,538Assinaboines. See Assiniboin.Assinaboins. See Assiniboin.Assinabwoines. See Assiniboin.Assineboes. See Assiniboin.Assineboins. See Assiniboin.Assinepoels (Assinipouals), in, 556totem, m, 556warriors, number of, in, 556, 559
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 15Assiniboin (Assinaboes, Assinaboines,Assinaboins, Assinabwoines, As-siueboes, Assinoboins, Assini-boine, Assiniboins, Assinniboins,Assinoboins), vr, 617, 686account of, in, 539affiliations, v, 99bands, in, 630called Stone Sioux, vi, 686census, vi, 556ceremony, vi, 627classification, n, 169; in, 402country occupied by, in, 559, 594,630; v, 494; vi, 34, 556, 695, 704cranial capacity, n, 335; v, 244effect of smallpox, i, 257; vi, 486enemies of the Mandans, in, 253general condition, vi, 696language spoken by, n, 169 ; in, 630linguistic affinities, i, 248map showing location, m, 96migrations, n, 32name, derivation of, i, 81etymology of, in, 539 ; v, 593population, i, 257, 523 ; in, 539, 594,609, 631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 686, 695, 696,704separated from Dacotas, I, 247-248separated from Ihanktonwan, I, 249shape of skulls, n, 317Siouan, with Algonquin name, vi, 34warriors, estimate of, in, 556, 559Wattasoons killed by, in, 251See also Assinepoels.Assiniboin (Assiniboiue) language,numerals of, iv, 429-431, 432vocabulary, iv, 416-429Assiniboine, Assiniboins. Bee Assini-boin.Assinipouals. See Assinepoels.Assinniboins, Assinoboins. See Assini-boin.Assistaeronons (Assistagueronou, As-sistaqueronons), synonyms ofMascoutin (q. v.), iv, 244; vi, 320Assoggoyawauthau, Indian name of RedJacket, vi, 326Assonet, application of the name, m,539-540Assonet inscription, vi, 113-114, 605illustration of, vi, 113See also Dighton Eock inscription.
Assonets, i, 117Assoyawatha, vi, 647See also Red Jacket.Assuncion, settlement of, ni, 540Asthma, treatment for, iv, 512Astor, Jolm Jacob, fur company organ-ized by, i, 141 ; vi, 398mention of agents of, n, 29reference to fortune of, n, 186Astorenga, a Mohawk geographicalname, in, 540Astronomical Commission, moundsopened by, v, 93Astronomy, Aztec knowledge of, iv, 665Indian knowledge of, in, 275-276;iv, 239, 240See also Moon ; Stars ; Sun.Atacama, hunting customs, in, 540Atacama period, mounds ascribed to, v,93Atacheo, settlement of, m, 540Ataco, settlement of, m, 540Atahentsic, i, 18Iroquois deity, in, 540Iroquois descent from, v, 147story of, v, 155 ; vi, 670Atahualpa, reference to execution of,in, 23-24reference to plunder of, vi, 59warriors punished by, in, 59Atakapas. See Attacapas.Atalantis, v, 28Atapalo, a Mexican settlement, m, 541Ataronch-ronons, a Wyandot or Huronsubtribe, in, 541Atasis, a Georgia band, in, 541Atatarho. See Atotarho.Atawas (Atawawas, Atowas, Atowawas,Attawas), v, 146allies of Hurons, v, 143classification, n, 36included in Algonquin group, n, 36location, in, 541 ; vi, 202names for the Ottawas, i, 306; v,41 ; vi, 202See also Ottawas.Atawa's band, Saganaws, a Chippewaband, i, 458census, i, 458-467Atawawas. -See Atawas.Atchipia, Miami name for the soul, in,541Atemaxique, a Mexican ban.d, in, 541
16 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY fBull. 1C2Atempa, a Mexican band, in, 541Atfalati. See Sualatine.Athabasca group, origin tradition, I,GlSee also Athapascan family.Athapaccas, Athapasca. See Athapas-can family.Athapascan family (Athapaccas, Atha-pasca, Athapascans), vi, G15characteristics, v, 174, 176eastern limit, n, 27general account of, v, 172-179hair, n, 322linguistic family, in, 401map showing location, n, 28name, application of, in, 541; v,172origin tradition, I, 19population, n, 27, 28; v, 172relations with other tribes, v, 170route of migration, n, 27tribes composing, list of, n, 27-28
;
in, 542See also Athabasca group.Athapascans. See Athapascan family.Athens, Pa., Indian council place, v,070Atillan, a Mexican settlement, in, 542Atira, Paraguay Indians, in, 542Ati-rhagenrets, name for Neutral Na-tion (q. v.), iv, 204, 208Atitlagua, settlement of Othomie In-dians, in, 542Atiwendaronk, name for Neutral Na-tion (q. v.), iv, 204Atkinson, Gen., in, 2S1 ; vi, 505Black Hawk pursued by, vi, 454Atl, a name in the Mexican calendar,in, 542Atlaco, a Mexican settlement, in, 542Atlamajacinco, a Mexican settlement,in, 542Atlamazuque, a Mexican settlement, m,543Atlantic Coast tribes, colonies plantedamong, vi, 95-112stocks represented by, vi, 31-32Atlatlauca, Mexican settlements called,in, 543Atliacan, a Mexican settlement, in, 543Atlistac, a Mexican settlement, in, 543
Atnah(s) or Chin nation, v, 173classification, in, 402location, in, 543Atolua, a Mexican settlement, in, 543Atotarho (Atatarho), i, 13, 18; vi, 743account of, v, 103illustration representing, i, 421,429 ; vi, 188king of the Five Nations, v, 038,639, 642, 643name, use of, in, 62 ; v, 163ruler of the Iroquois Confederacy,in, 543story concerning, in, 543Atotarhoes, leaders of the Six Nations,i, 125Atotonilcao, a Mexican settlement, in,543Atowas, Atowawas. See Atawas.Atoyaque, a Mexican settlement, in,543Atoyaquillo, a Mexican settlement, in,543Atrakwer, a synonym of Andastes (q.v.), vi, 137, 139Atrisco, Indians of, in, 543Atsina, i, 437See also Ahnenin ; Gros Ventres ofthe Prairie.Atsina-Algo Indians, i, 198Attacapas (Attuckapas), vi, 35cannibalism among, in, 544head flattening among, n, 325language, in, 544linguistic family, ni, 402name, meaning of, in, 544population, in, 544Attakullakilla, vi, 199Attakullakulla, chief of the Cherokees,vi, 239Attapulgas, Seminole town, in, 544Attassee, battle at, vi, 307, 370, 379Attatea, aid rendered to colonists, vi,2S0Attawas. See Atawas.Attenonderonk, a name for the Eries(q. v.), iv, 201Attignaouentan. See Attigfiawantan.Attignawantan (Attignaouentan), aHuron tribe, m, 544; rv, 204also called Bear nation, in, 544.Attigneenongnahac. See Attigneenon-guahac.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 17Attigneenonguahac (Attiquenongna-hai), a Huron tribe, iv, 204Wyandot subtribe, in, 544Attikamigues, a former Algonquinband, in, 544Attinoindarons. See Attionandarous.Attionandarons (Attinoindarons), asynonym of Neutral Nation, in,289; iv, 204aided by the Andastes, in, 290Iroquois name for the Eries, in, 290See also Neutral Nation.Attiquenongnahai. See Attigneenon-guahac.Attistaeronons, a name for the Mas-coutins, iv, 244Attiwandaronk, attacked by Senecas,iv, 208Huron name for Neutral Nation(q. v.), iv, 204, 207Attowa Lake, Algonquin name for LakeHuron, iv, 383Attowatomig, Chief, TO, 255Attuckapas. See Attacapas.Atuncanar, ruins of, m, 544Atwater, C, iv, 140antiquities described by, iv, 132 ; vi,601quoted on mounds, iv, 145theory of, rv, 132Atzalan, a Mexican settlement, in, 544Atzola, a Mexican settlement, in, 544Auanda, settlement of, m, 545Aubert, Thomas, vi, 48Aubrey, M., battle led by, vi, 226Aucassisco. See Aucocisco.Auchenauhatchee, derivation of name,iv, 381Auehiapa, a Mexican settlement, in,545Aucocisco (Aucasisco), location, in, 545mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v,218Audubon, the naturalist, emigrantswith, n, 114Augaras, a Brazilian tribe, in, 545Augaris, a Brazilian nation, m, 545Augawoam, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218See also Agawam.
Aughquagas, dwelling grounds, TO, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, to, 714See also Oquagos.Aughquago, Iroquois village, location,m, 545Augusta, Ga., settlement of, in, 545Auhoba, a Creek town, v, 262Auke Indians, census, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Aullagas, a Peruvian band, in, 545Aumughcawgen, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Aunette chapco, meaning of name, iv,380Auniers, in, 555totems, ni, 555warriors, number of, in, 555See also Mohawk.Aupjeu, a Mohegan chief, in, 546Au Post, early name of Vincennes, vi,185Aupowa, Chippewa name for sacreddream, m, 545Aupumut, Hendric, Housatonics repre-sented by, vi, 326Aurickarees. See Aricaree.Auroghtaregh, signer of treaty, vi, 144Aurora Borealis, prayers to, rv, 71goddess of war, iv, 495Winnebago belief concerning, iv,240Winnebago name for, iv, 240Ausonian range, tribes transferredfrom, vi 522Ausonian tribes, condition of, vr, 525tribes composing, vi, 519Au tau ga, an Upper Creek town, rv,578Aute, Narvaez at, in, 31 ; vi, 46Autianqua, winter camp of De Soto, iv,133Autis, a Peruvian nation, m, 546Autlan, population of, ni, 546Autobas, a Creek town, v, 262Auvamba, a Mexican settlement, in, 546Avando, atrocities committed by, n,310-311Avery, Judge, v, 670Avoyelles, a former Louisiana tribe, m,546
18 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Awani. See Yosemety.Awegan, village of, m, 546Awls, bone, illustrated, i, 88bone, use of, i, 87-88copper, illustrated, v, 93Axacala, a Mexican settlement, in, 54GAxacuba, a Mexican settlement, in, 546Axayacazi, the Aztec ruler, hi, 546Axes, copper, illustration of, v, 93illustrations of, iv, 167Peruvian, stone and copper, v, 92stone, illustrations of, i, 79, 80, 285 ;ii, 91Indian name for, i, 76manner of using, i, 76use of name, i, 75-76Axixique, a Mexican settlement, ni, 546Axuchitlan, a Mexican settlement, in,546Ayabai Bizhiki, a noted Pillager, v, 189Ayacores, country inhabited by, in, 546Ayahuacas, an extinct nation of Peru,m, 547Ayanemo, chief of the Nyantics, in, 547Ayauiris, brief account of, ni, 547Ayenis (Aynics), a Florida tribe, m,547brief account of, i, 239-240See also Hainai.Ayennes, possibly the Iowas, in, 256Aymaras, head flattening among, n, 324,327language, n, 327resemblance to Quichuas, ir, 327Aynics. See Ayenis.Ayotl. See Oiyotl.Ayouais (Ayouas), synonyms of Iowas(q. v.), in, 256, 547Ayres, Col., m, 295Ayutans, a synonym of Ietans (q. v.),m, 547Azacango, a Mexican settlement, m, 547Azapa Valley, description of fruits of,v, 657Azaqualoia, a Mexican settlement, in,547Azequias, brief description of, in, 547Azhabi, story of, m, 547Azian, in, 65described, in, 68illustrated, m, 68Azocalco, a Mexican settlement, m, 547Aztacalco, a Mexican settlement, m, 548
Aztahuacan, a Mexican settlement, in,548Aztalan, evidence concerning location,v, 101fortification called, in, 278left by Aztecs, vi, 742Aztec dwarf, measurements of hair,ra, 384Aztec dynasty, chronology, v, 97Aztecs, arts of, hereditary, vi, 449industrial, vi, 455-456calendar system, iv, 665chronology, i, 20civilization, i, 48, 71 ; v, 88-89, 102-103 ; vc, 591, 592, 594compared with northern tribes, vr,595-596customs, reference to, v, 394history, discussion of, m, 548-549human sacrifice among, v, 77; vr,586, 594labor of women, rv, 444migrations, I, 63-64 ; v, 96, 101-102mounds, reference to, i, 62mythology, vi, 636-646not aborigines, i, 21origin, proof of, I, 22tradition, i, 19-20picture writing, iv, 663-664protective doublet, in, 69religion, v, 62 ; vt, 585, 595sepulchral vase, vr, 576, 589social divisions, v, 102spinning methods, iv, 441-442sun worship, iv, 639Toltecs overthrown by, v, 61See also Mexican tribes.Aztlan, Aztec landing from, illustrated,i, 20location, i, 64Azuchitlan, a Mexican settlement, m,549 BBabesacundabee (Babesakundiba, Ba-be-se-gun-dib-a, Babesikundabay,Babisikundabi), i, 338; n, 158,159brief account of, iv, 554chief at Sandy Lake, vi, 386Chippewa chief, i, 338grave-post of, rv, 554saved by Sioux chief, vi, 388
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 19Baborigame, an Indian mission inMexico, iv, 554Baby, Chief, n, 260Babylon, bowl from ruins of, iv, 492-494Babylonic dispersion, era of, n, 46Bacallaos, islands of, rv, 554Bachouanan, a Nopeming Indian vil-lage, iv, 554Bachtamo, an Indian god, iv, 554Backus, Dr., v, 517Backus, Lt. Col., information suppliedby, v, 204Backus, Maj. E., Navajoes described by,in, 70 ; rv, 209sketch transmitted by, in, 70Bacon, Lord, cited, vi, 614Bacowa, a California tribe, vi, 711Bad Hail, Seven Fires discussed by, n,169Badaxe, Indian defeat at battle of, v, 46Bahama Islands, brief account of, iv, 554Bailadores, a Maracaibo tribe, iv, 555Bainswa. See Bianswa.Ba-kow-a, a California band, ni, 116Balbuena, a mission settlement, iv, 555Bald Hill Indians, brief account of, in,139encounter with, in, 134other names for, in, 139Baldrics, made of bone, i, 104Balista, a weapon of New Englandtribes, I, 284described, I, 85illustrated, i, 285represented on Dighton Rock, I, 284Ball bats, illustrations of, n, 516Ball game, Dacotah, described, iv, 64description of, n, 78of the Creeks, v, 277on ice, illustrated, n, 75on prairie, illustrated, n, 75Baloballa language, tribes speaking, v,487-488Balsover, Mr., information obtained by,in, 88Baltasar, an Aztec settlement, iv, 555Baltimore, a missionary center, vi, 735Baltimore, Lord, emigration under, vi,178Balza, illustration of, v, 95Bamondu, myth concerning, iv, 555Bannock. See Bonack.s ; Ponashita.Bannos, account of ruins at, iv, 556
Banocks. See Bonacks.Banomas, a Quito tribe, iv, 556Baptism of Indians, by Moravians, v,6S0Baptist Board of Foreign Missions,work among Indians, v, 502, 503Baptist Home Missionary Society, workamong Indians, v, 502, 503Baptiste's Band, census, i, 498-507Baradero, an Indian settlement, iv, 556Baraga, Rev. Frederick, missionarywork, iv, 537, 538 ; v, 503, 699Barbadoes, pottery of, v, 28Barbarism, theory concerning, n, 44Barbour, Commissioner, population es-timated by, vi, 705Barbour, Secretary of War, treaty nego-tiated by, vi, 418-419Barbudos, a barbarous Indian nation,iv, 556Barbures, Indian nation of New Gra-nada, iv, 556Barcelona Province, boundaries, iv, 556missions, iv, 556Barclay, Commodore, vi, 363Barcluxor, Indian ceremony at, vi, 130Bareces Indians, location, rv, 556Bark, cloth woven of, I, 90huts of, illustrated, n, 192tooth-work pictures on, vr, 631use, for huts, n, 191-192for inscriptions, I, 338 ; vi, 387,389-390in canoe making, n, 512-513Barkalow, D., excavations on land of,v, 666Barker, Rev. Francis, work of, iv, 538Barker, Capt. Thomas, death of, rv,158Barlow, Arthur, voyage of, vi, 83Barnard, David, of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Barnard, Rev. A., ni, 376Barnard, Timpooche, chief at Euchee,iv, 580Barnard, William, chief at Euchee, iv,580Barnwell, Col., in, 294Barrenness among Indians, in, 211Barrens, description of territory knownas, in, 345
20 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY LBull. 152Bart, Lavoine, brief account of, iv,557Barter. See Trade.Bartholomew, Don, adelantado of Hay-ti, ii, 309Bartlett, John R., petition signed by,in, 618Barton, Benjamin Smith, reference towork of, n, 357Bartram, cited on earthworks, v, 110cited on Indian monuments, v, 115Basalt, occurrence of, i, 208Bashaba, office of, rv, 557 ; v, 218, 228
;
vi, 96, 151Basinger, Lt., death of, vi, 470Basket press, description, rv, 444-446illustration of, iv, 456Baskets (basketry), California In-dian, making, illustrated, v, 80California Indian, use, illustrated,v, 216-217of Bonacks, v, 216-217of Clear Lake bands, in, 107of Columbia River tribes, m, 206of Creeks, v, 692of Klamath River Indians, m, 142press made of, iv, 444-447, 456Shoshonean, details of making, i,211use in cooking, i, 61, 211 ; m, 107,206Batata, as evidence of migration, v, 104Batem-da-kai-ee, a California tribe, iv,557location, iv, 557vocabulary, m, 421, 434-440Baths, remedial use, iv, 516Batnaiuh, an evil spirit, rv, 557Batocudys of Brazil, color of, n, 320Battle-axe, brief description of, ii, 89illustration of, n, 90See also Tomahawk.Bauka. See Bogas.Bauras tribe, brief account of, rv, 557Bawateeg, Chippewa name for SaultSte. Marie, rv, 557Bax, Rev. Father, labors and death of,iv, 594, 595Bayagoulas, a Louisiana tribe, iv, 558Baylies, Dr., i, 107Bayogoulas. See Bayagoulas.Bay tree, use by Indians, m, 114
Beads, colored enamel, I, 104illustrations of, i, 104, 105; vi, 603See also Wampum.Beale, Superintendent, population esti-mated by, vi, 705Bean, Robert, mention of, iv, 317Bear, attitude toward, v, 420black, range of, i, 433grizzly, encounter with, n, 55Bear claws, necklace of, illustrated, m,68symbolism of, m, 69Bear nation. See Attignawantan.Bear River Valley, advantages, I, 220description, i, 220-223importance, I, 202-203Beard, as a racial characteristic, iv,362-363plucking, n, 322-323 ; in, 376, 377
;
v, 182, 211Bearded Indians. See Blanche Indians.Bear's Tail, a Comanche chief, n, 128Beauchemin, Antoine, member of expe-dition, in, 353Beauchemin, Francis, member of expedi-tion, ni, 353Beaufort, S. C, settlement on site of,vi, 73Beaujeau, Indian force commended by,vi, 218Beauregard, Lt., pyramid measured by,vi, 582Beauty, Indian attitude toward, v, 272Beaver Creek, tribe dwelling on, vi, 714Beaver Indians, an Athapascan tribe,in, 526, 542location, iv, 558population, n, 28 ; iv, 558See also Amikwa.Beaver Island Indians, a Chippewaband, iv, 558brief account of, iv, 558Beaver Islands, census of Indians of, i,458-467derivation of name, rv, 558Indian name for, m, 526population, ni, 526Beaver River, erection of fort on, vi, 301,302Beaver skin, the standard of value, I,84
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 21Beavers, disappearance, I, 217, 220hunting of, iv, 61pestilence among, v, 188strength of dams built by, iv, 109tail as food, iv, 57trapping, v, 177Beavers, Jacob, a Coweta Town chief,rv, 579Becauas, territory occupied by, iv, 558Beckwith, Lt., mention of, n, 114Bedah-marek, at Clear Lake council, in,109language, in, 110meaning of name, m, 110Bedford, Indian village at, v, 224Bedies, vi, 686location, iv, 558population, iv, 558 ; vi, 686Bedud (Be-dud), n, 153brief biography, n, 163Chippewa chief, iv, 558Beers, Commander, death of, vi, 159Beggar's dance, illustration of, ni, 62object of, ni, 62Bebechio, cacique of Xaragua, n, 309Beheran, god of the Euphrates Valley,rv, 559Behistun, rock of, conquests depictedon, i, 428-429Behring Straits, brief description of, iv,559Belantse-Eteas (Belautse-etea), briefaccount of, iv, 559population, in, 609 ; iv, 559See also Hidatsa.Belautse-etea. See Belantse-Eteas.Belcourt, Rev. G. A., work of, iv, 535,536Belcourt, Rev. Mr., buffalo hunt de-scribed by, iv, 101Beliefs, vi, 406concerning ancestors, i, 39concerning birds, i, 33concerning diseases, I, 250concerning eclipses, i, 271concerning good and evil, I, 31-32,35concerning land ownership, rr, 194concerning phenomena of nature, v,245, 420concerning sickness, n, 175, 180concerning the moon, i, 271, 272
Beliefs?Continuedconcerning the soul, I, 33, 39, 83, 87 ;in, 60, 229, 232 ; iv, 70, 225, 265
;
v, 79 ; vi, 637-638, 658, 664fixity of, i, 412in duality of gods, i, 17indicating oriental origin, i, 413v, 86-87of a Chaldee-Persic character, i, 32of Chickasaws, i, 310of Comanches, n, 126-127, 128, 129of Dacotas, n, 197-198of Kenistenos, v, 172of Muscogees, i, 269, 271, 272of Ojibwas, n, 135-136 ; ni, 520of the Sioux, n, 175, 177, 178regarding a supreme ruler, vi, 572revealed in pictographs, i, 413See also Dreams; Legends; My-thology; Religion; Soul; Super-stition ; and also under names oftribes.Bell, Ensign, vi, 239Bell, Senator, of Tennessee, former Sec-retary of War, v, 460Indian legislation discussed by, v,460-462, 470, 471-472Bellabella. See Baloballa; MillbankSound Indians.Bellacoola. See Bella hoo la.Bella hoo la, census of, v, 488Bellingham Bay, tribe on, vr, 703Bellows' Falls, Indians at, v, 226inscription at, vi, 607Beloxi. See Biloxi.Belt, unusual, of copper tubes, i, 128Belt-keeper, Chief, vi, 214Belton, Capt., mention of report of, vi,473Beltrami, unreliability of, i, 143Bengalees, as soldiers, n, 331Bennett, Richard, signer of Indiantreaty, vi, 144Bent, Gov. Charles, i, 259death of, i, 242first provincial governor of Texas,v, 4S3Indians described by, I, 242paper by, on New Mexico tribes, i,242-246Benton, Col., remarks of, on originof Seminole War, vi, 473Benton, T. H., in, 588, 599
22 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Berkely, Bishop, iv, 511Bernard, Louis, sole survivor of In-dian bands, v, 676Berti, fur-trader, story of, v, 186Berzelius, metal plate analyzed by, in,88Besangon, number of warriors at, in,553Besheke (Besbike), Chief, brief ac-count of, iv, 559chief at La Pointe, n, 145, 150story told by, n, 149war chief of Pillagers, v, 189Besbike. See Besheke.Betois, settlement of, iv, 559Betting on games, n, 74-78; iv, 64Betula papyracea, use of bark, n, 512-513Betumke, population, in, 634Beverly, ossuaries at, i, 103Bianswa (Bainswa, Bi-ans-wab, Byain-swa), v, 148, 184Chippewa chief, v, 98dynasty founded by, n, 160peace made by, n, 157stories concerning, n, 49, 142; iv,564war party led by, n, 146Bi-ans-wah. See Bianswa.Bible, extracts from, in Chippewa lan-guage, v, 604-607Indian beliefs concerning, vr, S7,105smoking, no mention of, in, i, 73story from, in Cherokee alphabet,ii, 228translated into Massachusetts lan-guage, i, 2S7translated into Natic language, iv,529-530Bibliography, of works in Indian lan-guages, iv, 523-553of works relating to missions, vi,733Bidai. See Bedies.Bidamarek. See Bedah-marek.Bienville, n, 29Bigamy among the Iowas, vi, 549Big Bellies, application of name, in,251identified as Minnetarees, m, 251Big Bend and Verdigris mission, sta-tistics on, iv, 588
Big Bone Lick, Ky., Indian belief con-cerning, iv, 559Big Cloud, a Cbippewa chief, rv, 559;v, 189Big Curly-Head, n, 159brief biography of, n, 161-162Big Devils, nickname for the Yank-tons, iv, 559Big-horn, or mountain sheep, habitatof, m, 168-169Big Kettle, Chief, brief account of, rv,559Bigotes, Chief, Coronado accompaniedby, iv, 40Coronado visited by, iv, 25-26imprisoned by Alvarado, rv, 560Big Tallassie, a Creek town, v, 262Big-water, Chief, hair of, measured,ni, 382scalp of, illustration showing, in,390Billoxie. See Biloxi.Biloxi (Beloxi, Billoxie, Bolixes,Bolixies), brief account of, iv,561country occupied by, in, 585, 596population, in, 585, 596; v, 702Binghamton, N. Y., Indian village onsite of, vi, 132Biographies, brief, of noted Ojibwas,ii, 160-167Birch bark. See Bark.Birch Bay Indians, population, v, 75Birds, beliefs concerning, i, 33California, briefly described, in,103, 104, 112, 120imitation of songs of, rv, 73-74Bird Town, census, i, 50S-517Birth. See Childbirth.Birthrate, causes affecting, vi, 563See also Population; Reproduction.Birne, a Utah chief, v, 199Bishekise, descendant of Black Hawk,in, 376Bison. See Buffalo.Bizhikins, a noted Pillager, v, 189Black Cloud, Pillager warrior, n, 165Black Dog's band, a Medawakantonband, in, 613census, i, 498-504, 507movements, vi, 540-541robbed of horses, rv, 593
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 23Black drink, in, 79 ; v, 255beliefs concerning, v, 266botanical remedy of the Appala-chians, vi, 632ceremony described, v, 266-267customs connected with, v, 265method of preparing, v, 266Black Duck, war expedition of, v, 186Black Eagle, Chief, pipe found by, i, 7-iBlackfeet, i, 198, 219 ; iv, 465, 551 ; v,179-1S4; vi, 686census, vi, 556characteristics, general, v, 180-181classified as Algonquin, i, 197; n,36, 343 ; v, 179-180classified as Siouan, in, 402, 629condition, general, vi, 696country occupied by, i, 436 ; in, 595,629; iv, 560; v, 494; vi, 556, 695,698, 704customs, v, 686-687division of the Sitkeas, in, 252divisions, i, 437; m, 629; v, 686;vi, 698enemies of, v, 181history, v, 685-6S6language spoken by, i, 437; m,595; vi, 699leading men, in, 629linguistic affinities, v, 179-1SOmap showing location, in, 96migration, vi, 33origin of name, v, 180, 686physical characteristics, v, 181-1S2,656population, i, 257, 523 ; m, 595, 609 ;iv, 560 ; v, 180, 494 ; vi, 686, 695,696, 698, 704reference to wars, i, 206shape of skulls, n, 317smallpox among, i, 257 ; vi, 486See also Blackfoot nation.Blackfeet language, v, 179-1S0Algonquin, words in, iv, 560vocabulary, n, 494-505Blackfeet Sioux, population, v, 494position, v, 494Blackfoot nation, population, in, 631tribes composing, m, 631 ; v, 179, 180See also Blackfeet.
Black Hawk, Chief, in, 280, 382 ; vi, 647death and burial, vi, 454hostilities begun by, i, 144Indian name, vi, 447, 448portrait, vt, 447surrender, vi, 454tribes associated with, vi, 452views held by, vi, 447, 448-449war, instigated by, v, 46; vi, 450led by, iv, 560See also Black Hawk War.Black Hawk War, account of, vi, 447-454estimated cost of, v, 500results, iv, 189Black Hawk's Band, census, i, 498-507Black Hoof (Blackhoof ) , Chief, 1, 19, 301treaty signed by, vr, 344Black Rivers, iv, 461See also Swan Creek and Black Riv-ers Chippewas.Blacksnake, Chief, ni, 291brief account of, iv, 560interview with, iv, 345Blacksnake, Governor, brief account of,v, 673Black Warrior, Scottish trader knownas, vi, 345surrender, vt, 374Blanche Indians, location, rv, 560See also Blancs Barbus.Blanchet, Rev. A., v, 699Blancs Barbus, estimate of warriors,in, 556, 559See also Blanche Indians.Blankets, cotton, characteristic of Tol-tecs, n, 26cotton, found in New Mexico, n, 28Navajo, making of, iv, 436^37quality of, iv, 217trade in, iv, 212of Mexican Indians, iv, 452of the Hah-wal-coes, n, 116of the Moquis, rv, 72of the Winnebago, rv, 58Pueblo Indian, illustrated, iv, 436Bleeding and cupping, practice of, i, 253,274 ; n, 180 ; iv, 242Block printing, in the Pacific islands, i,90-91Block prints, illustration of, i, 86, 90;vi, 312, 603use of, i, 90-91
24 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Blood Indians (Bloods), i, 198; vi, 686bands of, m, 631Blackfeet division, i, 437; iv, 560;v, 179, 686; vi, 686classification, ni, 402country occupied by, vi, 699division of the Sitkeas, given as,in, 252identification, vi, 686language, in, 631 ; vi, 699migrations, vi, 33population, i, 523 ; vi, 6S6, 698smallpox among, vi, 486Blood letting. See Bleeding and cup-ping.Blount, Gov., iv, 630Blow-pipe, ancient use of, iv, 447, 448,449Blue Jacket, treaty signed by, vi, 344Blumenbach, Prof., n, 319races classified by, iv, 355Boalkea. See Moal-kai.Board of Missions of PresbyterianChurch of United States, workamong the Indians, v, 502See also Presbyterian Church.Boatch-wequaid, meaning of name, iv,560Boats, skin, reference to, v, 253See also Balza ; Canoes.Boch-heaf, language spoken by, in, 112Bochica, v, 102Bodiguas, iv, 561Body-painting, for war, rules of, iv, 649of dancers, rv, 79of the Blackfeet, v, 182of the Cuchans, n, 113, 114See also Painting.Bogas, location, vi, 710population, vi, 710Boggs, Gov., attempted assassination,v, 201Boisbrules, a nickname for half-breeds,iv, 560Bois Forte bands (Chippewas), popula-tion, vi, 692Bokewa, a mythological magician, rv,561Boles, Alva, m, 167Bolixes. See Biloxi.Bolixi (town), settlement at, v, 108; vi,185Bolixies, See Biloxi.
Bonacks (Banocks, Bonacs, Bonaks,Bonnacks, Bonnarks) , iv, 596 ; vi,686band of, under chief Te-ve-re-wena,v, 201size of, v, 201bands of, among the "Diggers," v,199called Root-Diggers, iv, 221 ; vi, 34classification, in, 402; rv, 551; v,197, 217condition, iv, 561country inhabited by, i, 198 ; v, 201,493 ; vi, 34, 35decrease in number, 228description, iv, 221-226division of the Snake Indians, I,206division of the Shoshonee, i, 197,198food, iv, 221 ; v, 216horses possessed by, i, 207identified as Shoshonean, it, 38language of, in, 403maps showing location, ni, 96, 200population, i, 522; v, 493; vi, 686,697See also Ponashita; Root-Diggers.Bonacs. See Bonacks.Bonaks. See Bonacks.Bonaparte, Napoleon, measurements ofhair, in, 383Bondas, a Santa Martha tribe, iv, 561Bondwel, Rev. F. G., catechism trans-mitted by, rv, 538Bone implements, awls, i, 87-88fish spear, i, 213shuttle, i, 88Bone Indians, a name for the Assegun,vi, 202name of the Osage, rv, 304synonym of Assigunaigs, i, 307Bone-men, Toltec myth of, rv, 561Bone-pickers, duties, I, 102; iv, 561Bones, animal, deposit of, i, 173-175disposal at feasts, v, 171fossil, belief concerning, rv, 645human, disposal, vi, 622preservation, iv, 156respect for, rv, 490pounded and eaten, i, 217See also Ossuaries; Bone-pickers.Bonework. See Bone implements.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 25Bonnacks. See Bonacks.Bonnarks. See Bonacks.Bonneville, B. L. E., quoted on the word
"Oregon," v, 708-709Boon, Capt. Hawkins, death in action,VI, 307Boquet, Col. See Bouquet, Col. Henry.Borilos, a Peruvian tribe, iv, 562Boronota, an Indian settlement of NewGranada, iv, 562Borroas of Chili, color, n, 320Boscawen, Admiral, Louisburg investedby, vi, 234Bosh-ke-dosh, a mythological animal,iv, 562Boston, Indian name for site of, rv, 562Botturini, reference to map by, i, 20Boucfuca. See Boukfuka.Bouck, Wm. C, petition signed by, m,618Boudinot, Elias, murder of, vi, 500, 501,513reference to work of, n, 357 ; v, 82translations by, iv, 543Boukfuka, a Louisiana tribe or band, iv,562Boundaries between tribes, adjustment,vi, 455-456Bouquet (Boquet), Col. Henry, vi, 252battles with Indians, iv, 614-615;vi, 250campaign, vi, 260-262delivery of prisoners to, vi, 299in expedition against Fort Du-Quesne, vi, 226Indian population estimated by, vr,272; v, 479Indian warriors estimated by, hi,559; vi, 321reference to expedition of, vi, 268,269narrative of, ni, 282Bourne, Richard, missionary work, vi,734, 735, 736Boutwell, W. F., I, 145attempt to establish mission, v, 188Bow and arrow, Oregon, illustrated, in,468Shoshonee, illustrated, i, 211use in buffalo hunt, iv, 95See also Arrows; Bows.
Bow Indians, a name for the Arkansas(q. v.), m, 537Bowen, Eman., map made by, v, 253Bowles, Mr., fraud perpetrated by, v,275-276Bowls, Babylonian sorcerer's, v, 75described and illustrated, iv, 492-494Bowman, Capt., military operations ledby, vi, 302Bowman, Col., Shawnees routed by, vr,307Bows, details of making, i, 212materials used in, m, 468See also Bow and arrow.Bow-wood Indians, a part of the Kanzas,iv, 562brief account of, iv, 562Boyaca, a New Granada settlement, iv,562Boyd, Lt., torture of, vi, 311Boys. See Children.Braba, identified as Taos, iv, 32, 39map showing location, iv, 39village described, iv, 39See also Taos.Bracelets, copper, described, i, 93illustrated, i, 92Braddock, Gen., n, 306campaign against the Indians, vi,215-218defeat of, rv, 614, 619 ; vi, 249expedition of, v, 44, 52Bradford, John M., legend communi-cated by, ra, 322Bradstreet, Col., vi, 243, 260campaign of, vi, 259-260, 262Fort Frontenac taken by, vi, 226Indian population estimated by, vi,272military expedition of, vi, 252, 253-255Brady, Gen., vi, 506Brahma, creation symbolized by, v, 58Brahmanism, v, 57-58Brain, Indian, n, 328-331comparative size, n, 330, 333, 334effect of head flattening, u, 328intellectual lobe of, discussed, n,333-334size affected by activity, ii, 331
26 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Brainerd, David, at Shainokin, iv, 617attempted intimidation of, v, 76-77missionary work, v, 503; vx, 321,734, 736power opposed to, vi, 647quoted on Indian languages, n, 425Brant, John, efforts to clear his father'sname, v, 672Brant, Joseph, in, 514 ; vi, 248, 647, 734account of, rv, 562; vi, 281, 284activities during RevolutionaryWar, vi, 297at Wyoming, discussion of, v, 672-673hattle led by, vi, 309cited on location of tribes, v, 668enterprises, vi, 298Gospel translated by, rv, 526Indian name of, v, 668inquiry concerning, iv, 345not at Wyoming massacre, iv, 346position among Iroquois, iv, 481raids made by, vi, 314recollections concerning, v, 672retreat from Fort Stanwix, vi, 290Schoharie attacked by, vi, 306Brantz, Lewis, biography, in, 336-337journal of journey, in, 335-351Bras CassS, Chief, rn, 361, 363, 364Brass plates, preserved by Creeks, v,283Brazil, derivation of name, iv, 562discoveries in, by Dr. Lund, it, 319discovery of, iv, 562stature of tribes of, n, 318Brebeuf and Daniel, deaths, v, 647mission established by, v, 647Breboeuf (Brebeuf), Father John de,vi, 734missionary to the Hurons, iv, 205Breech-cloth. See Azian.Brent, punitive expedition led by, vi,135Brenton, William, land granted to, v,235Bressani, Neutral Nation located by,iv, 207Brest, island of, discovered by Cartier,vi, 49Breton, Chief, n, 259
British Government, policy toward theColonies, vi, 283use of Indians by, vi, 274, 275, 277,292-296Britons, ancient, cruelties inflicted on,v, 34Broad River, Catawba name for, rv,155Brock, Gen., vi, 359Brodhead, John Romeyn, petitionsigned by, in, 618Broken Arrow, v, 254chiefs, iv, 579Creek town, rv, 563 ; v, 262location of village, v, 256Bronze implements, possessed by Pe-ruvians, v, 106Brookfield, Mass., Indian attack on, vr,158Brothertons (Brothertowns), iv, 463;vr, 324account of, rv, 563also called Pequots, v, 41fragments of tribes absorbed by,vi, 133government, v, 504land confirmed to, vi, 324location, tit, 583map showing, in, 96merged with Whites, v, 506migration, v, 520missionary work among, vi, 737,739origin, v, 506, 519, 520of name, vi, 324population, i, 523 ; ni, 583 ; v, 506,520 ; vr, 686, 707Broule Sioux. See Brules.Brown, Basil, rn, 340Brown, Catherine, n, 35 ; vi, 503brief account of, rv, 563description, vr, 566Brown, David, n, 35Brown, Gen., vi, 398Brown, John W., petition signed by, m,618Brown, Thomas (1), in, 340Brown, Thomas (2), lands purchasedby, iv, 159Brown, Col. Wm. Spencer, death, rv,160
Nicbols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 27Browne, Peter A., acknowledgments by,in, 375-376discoveries, v, 288experiments, i, 41hair studied by, iv, 351-352paper by, on hair of Indians, in,375-393Browning, Lt., n, 111Brown's Hole, i, 218, 219Brownsville, or Red Stone, settlementof, vi, 596Bruce, Dr., i, 159Bruce, Mr., vocabulary by, n, 470Brules (Broule Sioux, Brule Sioux),a Titon division, in, 629bands, in, 629census, vi, 713leading men, in, 629location, in, 629 ; v, 494population, v, 494Brumley, Prof., mention of collectionof, rv, 163, 168Brushwood (s), an Athapascan tribe,in, 542population, n, 28Buchanan, President, Indian affairsunder, vi, 507-551Buck, David A., explorations of, in,131Buckangaheela (Bukanjahela, Bukon-gehelas), Chief, iv, 614brief account of, iv, 563-564reference to speech by, vi, 300treaty signed by, vi, 344Buctouche Indians, land granted to, v,678Budd's Inlet, Indians of, vi, 703population, v, 491Buenaventura, settlements called, rv,563Buettner, Gottlob, missionary work of,v, 680, 682Buffalo, curing of meat of, iv, 107description, iv, 92-93, 110disappearance, i, 217, 220domestication, discussed, v, 49-50extermination, iv, 94-95flesh as food, rv, 103, 105-106illustration of, rv, 93importance of, to Indians, v, 50method of cutting up, iv, 105-106name, discussion of, rv, 92936706?54 3
Buffalo?Continuedparchment from hide, rv, 107range, iv, 92sense of smell, iv, 95size, iv, 97size of herds, iv, 93skinning, illustrated, iv, 105skins, exploits depicted on, v, 397See also Buffalo hunting.Buffalo, Chief, vi, 385Buffalo country, reached by Coronado,iv, 30Buffalo-Eaters. See Koolsatik-ara.Buffalo Hump, a Comanche chief, n,128 ; m, 635Buffalo Hunters (Querechos), vi, 72Buffalo hunting, account of, rv, 93-94,96 ; v, 49 ; vi, 389dangers, iv, 95, 98-99, 105, 108detailed description, iv, 101-110illustrations of, iv, 95, 96, 99net results, rv, 110Buffalo Indians, a part of the Senecas,rv, 563distinguished members, rv, 563Buffalo, N. Y., ancient name of, iv, 200Indian attack on, vi, 368Indian names for, iv, 563Buffalo Reservation, census, vi, 690location, vi, 690Buffon, opinion regarding Indian tribes,m, 55Bug-on-a-ke-shig, a Chippewa chief, rv,563brief biography, n, 167pipe-bearer to the chief, n, 166war chief of Ojibwas, n, 151Buildings, antique Peruvian, v, 89-95illustrated, v, 94northern limit of, iv, 123, 662Bukanjahela, Bukongehelas. SeeBuckangaheela.Bully, The, a Seminole chief, brief ac-count of, v, 261Burari, an Orinoco tribe, iv, 564Burbeck, Capt., v, 253Burdens, method of carrying, n, 76, 115Bureau of Indian Affairs, informationfurnished by, vi, 414Burgoyne, Gen., surrender of, vi, 291military expedition of, vi, 284
28 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Burial customs, i, 102-105, 354-356; v,78-79, 109; vi, 618-623Acaxee Indian, in, 516Algonquin, v, 81Apache, v, 212Athapascan, v, 179Aztec, vi, 589California Indian, in, 140; v, 217Chickasaw, i, 310Chippewa, v, 64, 79 ; vi, 664-665Clear Lake Indian, in, 108, 112Comanche, i, 237; n, 133-134; v,685concerning charms, i, 86-87concerning food, i, 33, 38-39, 83-84concerning warriors, iv, 53Creek, v, 270Dacota, n, 199; iv, 65-66for distinguished men, i, 262for women, n, 68Illinois Valley Indians, in, 155illustration showing, vx, 617Iroquois, ni, 193Kenisteno, v, 167-168Klamath River Indians, in, 140,175Mexican, v, 29Navajo, iv, 213-214Ojibwa, n, 138Oregon Indian, ni, 217 ; v, 655Pawnee, n, 68Peruvian, v, 29, 81, 90-91prairie tribes, n, 70, 71Province of Mechuacan, iv, 449proving belief in immortality, in, 60Pueblo, iv, 75, 78Santee, iv, 156-157sequence in, i, 102Sioux, n, 97Tecullies, v, 29Wee-yot, ni, 128Winnebago, iv, 54-55See also Bone-pickers; Burialgrounds; Burial mounds; Bur-ials ; Cremation ; Grave-posts
;
Graves; Mourning customsScaffold burials.Burial grounds, illustration of, n, 97site selected for, n, 69, 97Burial mounds, discussion and expla-nation of, iv, 129-130Burial urn. See Funeral urn.
Burials, address to corpse, n, 68artifacts from, i, 68dress of corpse, iv, 54flexed, of the Congarees, iv, 160in canoes, v, 655, 693 ; vi, 617, 619,620-622illustrated, vi, 617in caves, i, 102 ; vi, 619in mounds, in, 78; iv, 125, 126,129-130in ossuaries, i, 102-105; vi, 618in sitting posture, iv, 54, 65-66; v,270in urns, iv, 162-163 ; vi, 576, 589of living with the dead, u, 71of the Algonquins, vi, 110orientation in, n, 69Peruvian, artifacts from, v, 91-92,93Peruvian, described, v, 657-658Peruvian, illustration of, v, 658pottery found in, i, 83-84; in, 77;iv, 161sites selected for, i, 355 ; n, 69Yuma, n, 117See also Burial customs; Canoeburials; Cave burials; Ossua-ries; Scaffold burials; Tumuli.Burias, a tribe on the Maranon River,iv, 564Burrows, J. E., population report by,vi, 693Busbanza, a New Grenada settlement,iv, 564Bushman Boy, illustration of hair, m,378measurements of hair, in, 384Bushy Run, fight at, with Indians, rv,564, 615Busk, a Choctaw ceremonial, rv, 564ceremony of, described, i, 272-273
;
v, 267-268; vi, 631Muscogee feast, ni, 89offenses cancelled at, i, 277Busongote, ruins of, iv, 564Butler, Capt, vr, 230Butler, Col., m, 334Butler, Gen., death of, vi, 336Butler, George, report on Cherokees, iv,588Butler, Col. John, battle of forces under,vi, 309expedition organized by, vx, 297
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 29
Butler, Richard, Indian Commissioner,vi, 323treaty concluded by, vi, 327Butler, William, vocabulary transmittedby, n, 209Butler, Maj. Zebulon, v, 671Butler and Davis, population figured by,I, 518Butte des Morts, origin of name, vi, 194treaty made at, vr, 422Buttrick, Rev. Mr., iv, 385Buxaloons, location of town of, iv, 564Bwoin, Chippewa term for Sioux, v, 40origin of name, v, 40Bwoinais, Chippewa warrior, war songsof, n, 61-62Byainswa. See Bianswa.
Caballo-en-Pilo, war chief, mentioned,n, 114-115Cabeca de Vaca (Caba de Vaca), n,28,29expedition accompanied by, iv, 23expedition described by, vi, 45, 47wanderings of, n, 21 ; vi, 743See also De Vaca, Caba.Cabiyun, Chippewa name in traditions,v, 570Cabot [John], discoveries of, vi, 743Cabot, Sebastian, explorations, n, 19reference to voyage of, v, 676Cabotian Mountains, a transverse water-shed, i, 185-186Cabral, Pedro Alvarez, discovery by, iv,563Cache Valley, Indians of, vi, 697, 698Cachenah, a California chief, vi, 711Cachipo, mission of Barcelona Prov-ince, iv, 556Caciques, Aztec, rights of, v, 102dwellings, n, 83 ; rv, 125See also Chiefs.Cacupas. See Co-co-pah.Cadaracqui, Indian name of Lake On-tario, rv, 382the present Kingston, rv, 382Caddo language, tribes speaking, v, 682,712vocabulary, v, 709-712
Caddodaques, a synonym of Caddoes, v,570Caddoes (Caddos, Caddow, Cadrons),v, 570 ; vi, 6S6allies of the French, vi, 237and others, location, vr, 704population, vi, 704, 708country occupied by, i, 240 ; in, 585,596 ; vi, 705dwellings, v, 682form of prayer, v, 685land relinquished to, vr, 455lands ceded by, n, 601, 602 ; vx, 461linguistic family, in, 402origin tradition, v, 682population, i, 518, 523 ; rn, 585, 596,609, 635 ; v, 702 ; vi, 686, 699relations with Texans, v, 712treaty with, v, 499statistics on land of, n, 605Caddos, Caddow. See Caddoes.Cadillac, M. de La Motte, Detroitfounded by, vi, 185, 382Cadmus, letters carried into Greece by,v, 88Cadotte, John Baptist, account of, n,148-149Cadrons, a Siouan tribe, vi, 34given as synonym of Caddoes, vt,686migration tradition, v, 98Cafatchique, n, 34De Soto's march to, in, 37location, ii, 27Caffres, physical characteristics, iv, 363Caghnawagas. See Caughnawagas.Cahokia, trading post at, vi, 196, 269Cahokia mound, rv, 128size, n, 85Cahokias (Catokiah, Kahokias), an-nuities of, n, 588creation myth, iv, 135-136descendants of mound builders, iv,135friendly to the French, vi, 237missionary work among, vi, 734,735See also Kerokias.Cah-wee-os, a desert tribe, n, 116location, n, 116Caillarge, ML, in, 355
30 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY TBull. 15SCairns. See Stone heaps.Cajuenches, map showing location, in,96Calapelins (Calespelins, Colespelin),vi, 686population, i, 521; vi, 686, 701See also Kalispel.Calapooya ( Calipoas, Callahpoewah,Oallapooyas, Callapuyas, Calli-pooyas) , clothing, in, 219location, in, 201, 572 ; v, 492 ; vi, 68tfmaps showing, in, 96, 200menstrual customs, v, 664population, i, 521 ; in, 201, 572, 609,682 ; v, 492 ; vi, 686, 701See also Kalapuya.Calasthocle, location, in 571population, in, 571See also Quinaielt.Calendar stone, Mexican, allusion to,iv, 483; vi, 581description, vi, 590-591period, v, 30Calendar system, Aztec, i, 42-43Chinese, i, 42Comanche, n, 129Creek, v, 276-277Massachusetts Indian, i, 285Mexican, in, 516of Hindostan and Java, referenceto, I, 42of the Blackfeet, v, 183-184of the Kenistenos, v, 171of the Moquis, iv, 87of the Muscogee, i, 271-272of the Sioux, n, 177Persian, i, 41Toltec, accuracy of, v, 30Winnebago, iv, 239-240Calespelins. See Calapelins.Calhoun, Gov, J. S., population reportby, in, 633; v, 484; vi, 709Calhoun, John C, in, 196 ; rv, 137letter from, to the President, in,575-580policy, vi, 3S3remains on estate of, i, 47 ; vi, 182treaty concluded by, vi, 402views on removal of Indians, vi,409-415Calico Rock, description of, iv, 316
California, ancient mine in, i, 101decline of Spanish proprietors in,in, 100-101discussion of removal of Indiansto, v, 461-471gold deposits, i, 151Indian census, i, 520Indian population, i, 523 ; in, 112,116, 634northwestern, crops, in, 102expedition through, in, 99-177population and area, iv, 610size of estates in, in, 101southern, Indian population, iv,608southern, physical geography, n,99-118California Indians, iv. 221-226 ; v, 214-217; vi, 686absence of antiquities among, iv226appearance, m, 140beard, n, 322classification, v, 217clothing, in, 127, 140, 141coast, population, vi, 711color, ii, 320cranial measurements, n, 335customs, v, 649-650dwellings, v, 216food, v, 80illustrations showing, v, SO, 217interior, habits, vi, 616north of San Francisco, vi, 711journal describing, nr, 99-177languages, m, 126-127, 420-423 ; iv,406-415 ; v, 217legislation concerning, v, 459-461manners and customs, v, 214-217northern, dialects, in, 420-423origin, discussed, v, 216ornaments, illustrated, ni, 69population, in, 112, 116 ; v, 217, 484
;
vi, 686, 705, 710, 711by counties, vi, 715religious beliefs, iv, 407reply to inquiries concerning, in,200-225skull, illustrated, n, 335southern, report on, iv, 608See also under tribal names.California missions. See Missions,California.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 31Caligoa, reached by De Soto, vi, 0<>Calipoas. See Calapooya.Call, Gov., military forces under, vi.477Callahpoewah, Callapooyas, Callapu-yas, Callipooyas. See Calapooya.Callo, description of ruin near, v, 94Caloait (Calooit), population, i, 521:vi, 701See also Skilloot.Calooit. See Caloait.Calumet, made of steatite, v, 178use by Pontiac, n, 251-252See also PipesCalvert, Leonard, landing in Maryland,vi, 128Calwawesit, chief of the Yah Shutes,vi, 702Camanches. See Comanches.Camas, preparation for food, v, 656Cambreling, C. C, petition signed by,in, 618Camp, moving of, ir, 76, 79Campbell, Capt., death, vi, 341in action at Presque Isle, vt, 340Campbell, assault on camp of, vr, 360Campbell, Lt. Col., vi, 256Campbell, Maj., held as hostage by In-dians, ii, 258, 264, 273murder by Indians, n, 214, 294 ; vi,245part taken in siege of Detroit, n.247, 250, 256, 257, 262, 279, 288,290, 294.Campbell [Thomas], Indians describedby, v, 411Cana mission, data on, iv, 588Canada, discussion of name, i, 305 ; v,570; vi, 57French explorations in, v, 646-648lost by Trance, n, 240 ; v, 528upper posts in 1778, in, 333Canada West, ossuaries in, I, 103Canadesaga, derivation of name, iv, 384Canadian mission, data on, iv, 588Canal at Casa Grande, in, 300, 302, 305Canal de Principe, Indians living on, v,487Canal d'la Reido, Indians living on, v,487Canandaigua, destruction, vi, 310treaty, vi, 326
Canar, citadel and palace of, described,v, 94Canary Islands, supposed derivation ofname, v, 28Canassatego (Canissatego, Cannassa-tega, Connassatego), m, 57, 74;vi, 14Soratory of, v, 518speech made by, in, 197to the Delawares, rv, 618; v,137quoted, in, 183-184; v, 142story told by, iv, 344Canawahrunas. See Caughnawaga.Candelaria, mission of Barcelona Prov-ince, iv, 556Canees, location, v, 571Canissatego. See Canassatego.Canisteo, meaning of name, v, 669Canitas, estimate of warriors, rtr, 557See also Caouitas ; Cowetas.Cannibalism, a sacrificial ceremony, n,145among the Caribs, v, 28among the Comanches, i, 235among the Sioux, n, 172 ; in, 242at virgin feast, n, 145Athapascan, discussion of, v, 179case of, described, vi, 144cause of, among the Sioux, n, 172explanation of, n, 146in warfare, n, 276, 285of the Attacapas, m, 544tales of, discounted, in, 359Canning, reference to mental labors of,iv, 504Canoe burials, detailed description of,vi, 620-622discovery, vi, 622illustration of, vi, 617mummy found in, v, 693practiced by Chinooks, vi, 617Waskow and Chinook, v, 655Canoemen. See Etchemins.Canoes, art exhibited in, v, 394-395bark, illustration of, ii, 512making, n, 512-513of Massachusetts Indians, i, 285of Algonquins, vi, 110of California Indians, m, 142, 218of Chippewas, iv, 57of Dacotahs, rv, 67of Florida Indians, v, 95
32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Canoes?Continuedof Oregon tribes, in, 218of Winnebagoes, iv, 57Ottowa, feat accomplished in, v, 395Ottowa, illustration of, v, 95shaped by fire, i, 76superseded by horses, vi, 617See also Canoe burials.Canonchet, vi, 164activities and death, vi, 154capture and death, vi, 166-167Canonicus, vi, 125chief of Narragansetts, vi, 111conservative course of, vi, 167Rhode Island sold by, vr, 166Canostogas. See Conestogo.Canses, estimate of warriors, in, 557,559location, in, 559See also Kansas Indians.Caonabo, n, 309Caouitas, in, 559warriors, estimates of, in, 557, 559See also Cowetas.Capac, v, 102Capaha, Chief, attacked by De Soto,iv, 321Capaha tribe, synonym of Quappas, m,48, 50attacked by Kaskaskias, ni, 48See also Quappas.Cape Charles, naming, vi, 96tribes in vicinity of, vi, 131Cape Cod, discovery, vi, 95naming, vi, 103tribes in vicinity of, v, 218Cape Flattery, Indians of, iv, 598, 599
;
vi, 703Cape Flattery Indians, population, I,521 ; v, 491Cape Fox Indians, v, 489census, v, 489language, v, 489Cape Hatteras, lost colony at, vi, 182Cape Henry, naming, vi, 96tribe occupying, vi, 131Cape Scott, Indians of, v, 488Capital punishment among the Creeks,I, 276Cap-o-co-mah, Sac Indian, hair of, in,382
Caps, Navajo, described, iv, 435illustrated, iv, 74winter, described, ni, 68illustrated, in 68Captives, adoption of, in, 186, 189; iv,53; v, 137burned at the stake, n, 142-143end of burning of, n, 146made into slaves, v, 654release by Indians, vi, 262, 299running the gauntlet by, v, 672sacrificed by Pawnees, iv, 50-51sale, i, 232taking by the Sioux, ni, 241torture, v, 77treatment, i, 235 ; n, 115, 116, 132,276; in, 188-189; iv, 53, 62-63;v, 280Capuchins, missionary work, vi, 734Carankoways (Charankouas), a Texastribe, v, 571language, in, 544Cardenas, Don Garcia Lopez de, ex-plorations of, iv, 25, 38-39Cardinal points, determination by In-dians, iv, 130-131personification, vi, 659Carey, Matthew, iv, 132Carib language, words derived from,vi, 36Caribou. See Reindeer.Caribs, v, 28 ; vi, 36, 615basket-press made by, iv, 446possible descent, v, 28Spanish policy toward, in, 23See also Anacoana.Carlotsapo, a California chief, vi, 711Carlton, Thomas, report signed by, v,700Carno-san-tua, a Comanche chief, i,235Carolina. See North Carolina; SouthCarolina.Carolina tribes, evidence showing ori-gin, iv, 170tribal relations, vr, 179Caroline Islands, pictograph by nativeof, i, 430Carondolet, Gov., vi, 420Carp River, census of Indians of, i,458-467inscription on rocks, I, 406
Nicholsl INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 33Carpenter, Wm. W., travels, iv, 452-453Carr, Mrs., daughter of Brant, m, 292Carr, Rev. J. H., school conducted by,v, 694Carriers, a synonym of Tahculi, in, 401See also Tacullies.Carrol, Commissioner, vi, 475Carr's Inlet Indians, population, v,491; vi, 703location, v, 491tribal name, vi, 703Carrying strap (apecun), common useof, n, 76, 515illustrated, n, 516Carson River, peculiarity of, v, 201Carson Valley, Indians of, v, 201Cartas de Cortez, vi, 577Cartier, Jacques, attempted intimida-tion of, v, 76effect of expeditions of, u, 22explorations, i, 134-135, 305; v,646; vi, 48-57, 743observations, n, 22 ; v, 107voyage of, v, 676Carver, Jonathan, vi, 269cave described by, u, 99Pontiac's death reported by, n, 308travels, i, 138Carving, in obsidian, vr, 579on implements and cradles, iv, 72See also Sculpture.Cary, mission of Barcelona Province,iv, 556Casa Grande, description of, in, 299-301, 302, 304illustration of, in, 302ruins in vicinity of, in, 302-303Cascade Canal, Indians living on, v,487Cascade, Little Colorado, described, iv,38Cascades, population, m, 632; v, 490,493, 705, 706; vi, 700, 701position, v, 490Case and Redman, i, 173Case-nau, in, 144Case's Inlet, Indians on, v, 703; vr,703Case's Inlet Indians, population, v, 491position, v, 491Casey, Capt. J. C, vocabulary by, n,220; m, 404
Casey, Lt, vocabulary prepared by,v, 689Casqui (Casque) Indians, De Soto'salliance with, vi, 66identified as Kaskaskias (q. v.),in, 48Casqui (Casque, Casquin) village, DeSoto at, m, 48, 50; iv, 320; vi, 66Illinois village, probably, ni, 50Cass, Gen. Lewis, vr, 364activities in Michigan, vr, 383expedition, I, 141-142incident connected with, vi, 386Indian population estimated by, v,480influence on Indian relations, vi,381quoted on fire worship, v, 67on mounds, iv, 125-126on use of pictographs, vi, 387-392report made by, in, 608services rendered by, vr, 405, 422treaty negotiated by, vi, 421Cass Lake, former Indian name of, vi,3S4Indians of, v, 185Cassava. See Mandioca.Cassina, black-drink made of, v, 266Cassita town, v, 254Castaiieda's narrative, vague style of,iv, 32Caste, among the Hindoos, v, 58, 59lack of, among Indians, i, 38; in,61 ; v, 59Castine, vi, 174Castine, Baron de, activities, vi, 156-157relations with Indian tribes, vr,155-156Cat Island, landing place of Columbus,rv, 554Cat Nation (or tribe), a name for theEries, m, 289 ; vr, 148affiliations with Neuter Nation, ni,290discussion of identity, m, 290; iv,382language spoken, in, 290use of name, iv, 202See also Eries.Catabas. See Catawbas.Catamenial customs. See Menstrualcustoms.
34 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Cataracqui, derivation of the name, iv,384Catawba language, distinct nature of,in, 404relation to the Woccoa, in, 292, 406vocabulary, v, 557-558Catawbas (Catabas), iv, 617; vi, 179,182, 215, 686at war with Uchees, hi, 27linguistic family, hi, 401Carolina manuscript ou origin, in,293-296character, in, 295classification, n, 343conspiracy entered into by, iv, 158country occupied by, n, 36 ; in, 559,583 ; vi, 705decrease in numbers, in, 295divisions, in, 293flight from Lake region, n, 36, 343
;
in, 288-289head flattening among, n, 325identified as Eries, ni, 405 ; vr, 149land claimed by, in, 583language, n, 86 ; in, 292, 404migration, iv, 163, 606origin, ni, 291-292, 293-296, 405;iv, 382; v, 42of name, in, 288, 292population, i, 524 ; in, 5S3 ; vi, 179,272, 686, 705relations with Cherokees, in, 293settlement in South Carolina, in,293subordinate tribes of, vi, 179warfare, in, 196, 294warriors, estimate of, m, 555, 559See also Kershaws ; Totiris.Catelamet. See Cathlamet.Cateracqua, i, 178Catherine, Empress of Russia, interestin languages, v, 53vocabularies collected by, n, 356Catharinestown (Catherine's Town),American army at, vi, 310named for Catharine Montour, v,672Catherwood, F., drawings made by, iv,151
Cathlacumups (Cathlacommatups), lo-cation, in, 570, 571population, in, 570, 571See also Willamette Indians.Cathlamahs. See Cathlamet.Cathlamet (Catelamet, Cathlamahs,Kathlamet, Kathlamit), location,in, 571population, i, 521; in, 571, 609;vi, 701, 702Cathlanaquiahs, location, in, 570population, in, 570Cathlapotle. See Quathlapohtle.Catholic religion, Indian attitude to-ward, vi, 191See also Jesuits ; Missions ; RomanCatholic Church. ^"HCatlin, George, v, 54 i Lj ,<0
;
3M?* erroneous statement of, n,- 176unreliability, in, 254 E fc3 *'?*Catly, John, arrest of, iv, 593 ' V ' 1Catokiah. See Oahokias.Cattaraugus, Oneidas at, vr, 706Onondagas at, vi, 706Senecas at, i, 441-457 ; vt, 706Cattaraugus Reservation, census, vi,690description, n, 539location, vi, 690Catugajay Creek division, census, i,508-517Catumsie, a Comanche chief, in, 635Caucasian race, branches, iv, 356civilization, iv, 356heads described, rv, 356Caughnawaga (Caghnawagas, Cana-wahrunas, Caunawagaes, Cona-waghrunas), at Braddock's de-feat, vi, 218country occupied by, in, 559missionary work among, vi, 737warriors, number of, ni, 553, 559
;
vi, 270See also Coghnawagas; Cognawa-goes.Caujuckos, iv, 339See also Cayugas.Caunawagas. See Caughnawaga.Causeways, built by the Indians, iv, 135Cavallada, appointed as chief, iv, 87Cave burials, frequent results, vi, 619permanent nature, i, 102
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 35Caves, in Sioux country, described, n,95-96near Hagerstown, Md., described,in, 338of Wiuoca, described, iv, 306Cawanesque, meaning of name, v, 669Cayambe, burials at, v, 00-91description of ruins near, v, 94Cayas, identified as Kanzas, iv, 310Cayas, Province of, sought by De Soto,hi, 50; vi, 66Cayenderongue, a Mohawk sachem, in,189Cayouses. See Cayuse.Cayuckers, warriors, iv, 605See also Cayugas.Cayuga language, vocabularyi n, 482-493Cayugas, an Iroquois division, iv, 204and Iroquois, population, i, 523and Senecas, census, vi, 718at Siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292census, v, 504-505 ; vi, 715classification, hi, 401conference with, v, 667cranial measurements, H, 335decrease in number, iv, 604-605effect on, of Revolutionary War, v,506fight with Andastes, vi, 140government, v, 504hunting grounds, vi, 714in the Revolutionary War, v, 513
;
vi, 283, 285land ceded by, vr, 324, 334location, i, 441 ; m, 583, 590 ; v, G68 ;vi, 147, 275, 705, 714missionary work among, vi, 734, 735number on reservations, n, 539, 540of Cattaraugus, census, I, 441-457one of the Five Nations, m, 1S4one of the Six Nations, iv, 616population, hi, 583, 590; iv, 603,604 ; v, 668 ; vi, 275, 694, 705, 706,707, 714removal, vi, 516to Quints, vi, 139warriors, number of, ni, 561 ; vi,261, 270See also Cayuckers; Gogouins.
Cayuse (Cayouses), vi, 613; vi, 686classification, in, 402country occupied by, I, 224 ; v, 493
;
vi, 700hunting ground, I, 221lands, nature of, v, 656map showing location, m, 96marriage customs, v, 654massacre by, at mission, v, 653, 655medicine men, v, 652population, i, 521 ; m, 632 ; v, 493,705, 707; vi, 686, 700, 701See also Waulatpus; Willetpos;Yeletpo.Cekaas, Chief, at Fort Detroit, n, 268Celtic element, suggestion of, in Indianculture, v, 86Celtic inscription, supposed, discussed,iv, 118Census, Indian, after conquest of Can-ada, vi, 270-273Algonquin group, I, 458-497and statistics, hi, 617-628Appalachian group, i, 505-517Dacota group, i, 49S-504Iroquois group, i, 441-457need of, v, 480object of, i, 196 ; v, 486provision made for, hi, 2S3recorded in symbolic characters, n,222tables showing, i, 439-524 ; vi, 686-718taking of, v, 479-486undertaken by the French, vi, 685See also Population ; Warriors
;
and under tribal names.Census taking, Indian aversion to, hi,249Ceremonies, at Barcluxor, described, vi,130at starting of war-party, rv, 52Black-drink, v, 266-267connected with burials, hi, 60, 108,140, 175connected with corn planting, vi,496Creek, square for, v, 264-268Green Corn, illustrated, vi, 385Indian attitude toward, vr, 212Indian, in church at Christmas, iv,73
36 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ceremonies?ContinuedInitiation, v, 426-433Kenisteno, v, 168-171Moqui, iv, 82, 83-84Muscogee, of the brass plates, v, 660Navajo, at sacred spring, iv, 213of Creek Busk, i, 272-273 ; v, 267-268 ; vi, 631of cremation, described, iv, 225-226of curing the sick, v, 437-441; vi,619-620, 659of ear piercing, in, 239of human sacrifice, iv, 50-51of Jossakeed's lodge, v, 421-422of Rabbit feast, iv, 78of receiving strangers, iv, 343of release from bonds, iv, 645of sacred fire, v, 65-66of "striking the post," in, 64of the new corn, vi, 631illustrated, vi, 385of the Thunderbirds, illustrated,vi, 353of White Dog Sacrifice, iv, 591Osage, described, iv, 274-275puberty, vi, 633rain making, iv, 82, 83-85religious, of the Natchez, vi, 627root chewing, of warriors, v, 71sacrificial, described, v, 66structure used for, i, 337sunrise, v, 68, 170tribal characteristics shown in, v,434warriors', corn-cake, iv, 274-275See also Busk; Customs; Dances;Feasts; Ordeals; Sacrifices; To-bacco.Cexeninuth. See Exeninuth.Chaahl. See Kow welth.Chabot, Philip, vi, 48Chacta, proposed name for Choctaw, v,498Chactaws. See Choctaws.Chaghnet, tribes dwelling at, vi, 714Chakope, a Sioux chief, i, 352Chalaacpauley, a Creek town, v, 212Chalagatsca, a Lower Creek town, v,262Chalakee, mention of name, v, 98proposed name for Cherokee, v,498
Chalas, country occupied by, m, 559number of warriors, in, 553, 559Chalcas, in, 515Chal Nah, chief of Tutoten tribes, vi,702Chamberlain, Lt. Beuben, mention of,iv, 629Champlain [Samuel de], among theMilicites, v, 674founding of Quebec by, v, 647in Indian wars, m, 73-74Neutrals erroneously located by, iv,204observations of, v, 107relations with Indians, v, 647Chanco, plot revealed by, vi, 99Chants, of Dacota doctor, iv, 649of Medicine-man, translation, vi,655Saginaw, of the Hawk, ni, 329-330use in Medicine Dance, iv, 643-644words and meaning, i, 383-386,398-401See also Songs; Music.Chanwappan. See Sbamwappoms.Chapoton, M., negotiations with In-dians, n, 256, 257Character, Indian, discussion of, I, 261,315-430; n, 434; v, 243-248, 409-411, 449of Oregon and California tribes, in,207of the Shoshonees, i, 213Characteristics, Indian, general discus-sion of, I, 13-16Charankouas. See Carankoways.Charcowab, location, in, 572population, in, 572, 609Charleston, S. C, Indians of vicinityof, v, 42Charlevoix [Pierre de], cited on origintheories, v, 82cited on sun worship, vx, 626journey of, vi, 197observations of, v, 109quoted on Indian customs, v, 52-53quoted on Indian mentality, XXX, 56perpetual fire, vi, 627-628travels, i, 137Char lo har jo co cho ko ne, a CowetaTown chief, iv, 579Charlotte, Camp, treaty concluded at,vi, 266
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 37Charms, discussion of, i, 85-87Moqui, to bring rain, in, 308use by Comanches, n, 127used for hunting, v, 76See also Amulets; Magic; Witch-craft.Charnel houses, lacking among theSioux, iv, 55lacking among the Winnebagoes, iv,55See also Ossuaries.Charruas, of Rio de la Plata, color of,n, 320Chase, M., in, 384Chastacosta. See Shistacoostee.Chastelleux, v, 53Chastity, observance by war-party, rv,63Chatalhakeah, chief of the Cosulhen-tan, vi, 702Chatam's Sound, tribes of, v, 487Chatas, number of warriors, in, 553Chat chee nie, census, v, 489language of, v, 489Chatchini. See Chat chee nie.Chateaubriand, v, 53Chatemuc, Mohigan name for HudsonRiver, vr, 504Cha tok sof ke, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578Chats, a synonym of Eries, n, 301 ; iv,382synonym of Shawnees, n, 285; v,41Chatsops. See Clatsops.Chattahoochee. See Chattahoosee.Chattahoosee (Chattahootchie, Chatta-hotchee, Chattohoche), a LowerCreek town, v, 262derivation of name, iv, 381, 385;v, 572Chattahoosee River, brief descriptionof, v, 256Chauctaws. See Choctaws.Chauenous, number of warriors, m, 555See also Shawnee.Chaui. See Grand Pawnees.Chaumont, Peter M. J., missionary la-bors of, rv, 206-207Chau-te-uh, a California band, m, 116
Chauvignerie (Chaurignerie), Mons.,reference to manuscript of, in,282tables based on report of, in, 553-557Chawai, a synonym of Cheyenne (q.v.), n, 343Chayennes. See Cheyennes.Chaymas, of upper Orinoco, stature of,ii, 318Che ar haw, an Upper Creek Town, iv,578Cheattee, census, v, 493location, vr, 702population, vi, 702Chebiabo (Chebiabose), a mythologi-cal character, v, 149, 409Cheboigan band, census, i, 478-487Chedochog, a California chief, vi, 711Cheehales, Cheenales. See Chehalis.Cheesca village, attacked by De Soto,in, 47Chegoimegon, vi, 2G9ancient Chippewa village, v, 147council seat of the Odjibwa, v, 39Chehalis (Cheehales, Cheenales, Che-haylis, Chihalis), ni, 632; vr, 686and others, population of, v, 705intermarriage of, with other tribes,vi, 703language, iv, 600location, rv, 599; v, 703; vr, 703maps showing location, ni, 96, 200population, i, 521 ; iv, 599 ; v, 703
;
vi, 686, 701, 703See also Chickalees ; Chillates
;
Chiltz, Ehihalis ; Tsihailish.Chehau villages, v, 256on Flint River, v, 254Che haw Town, a Creek town, iv, 576,578leading men of, iv, 576Che haw ah, a Lower Creek town, iv,578, 580Chehaylis. See Chehalis.Chell-o-kee dialect, vocabulary, n, 220-221See also Cherokee language.Chelmsford, attacked by Indians, vr,164Chelucconinny, a Lower Creek town, v,262
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Chemeguabas, in, 298map showing location, in, 96Chemehuevi. Sec Chemeguabas.Chemetnnne. See Yahshute.Cheniovi, population, i, 519Chemung River, meaning of name, TV,384 ; v, 669tribes in vicinity, v, 667, 668Chenook. See Chinooks.Chenoquot, origin of the name, iv, 559Chenos, Huron, census of, I, 458-467Chenouks. See Chinooks.Chepewas. See Chippewas.Chepeweyans, Chepewyans. See Chip-pewyans.Chepian, evil spirit of the Algonquins,vi, 630Cheppewyans, Cheppeyans. See Chip-pewyans.Cherakis. See Cherokees.Cheraws, country occupied by, n, 36extinct dialect of, n, 344union with Catawbas, in, 295Cherokee alphabet, v, 245Bible story recorded in, n, 228characters used in, it, 228invented by Sequoia, or Guess, n,228outline, n, 228publications in, iv, 542-544See also Cherokee language.Cherokee and Buffalo division, censusof, i, 508-517Cherokee lands, discussion of value, v,500sum awarded for, vi, 475Cherokee language, in, 596-597adaptability, n, 455classification, in, 401peculiarities, ii, 344preservation, ni, 96principles, n, 443-456publications in, iv, 542-544vocabulary (numerals), n, 209-211See also Allegewi language ; Chell-o-kee dialect; Cherokee alphabet.Cherokee pottery, conclusion drawnfrom, iv, 385Cherokee River, former name of theTennessee, vi, 238
Cherokees (Cherakis), in, 555; iv, 614;v, 99 ; vi, 37, 215, 430, 686abstract of census roll, iv, 582agriculture among, vi, 530, 531allies of the French, vi, 237ancient home, n, 344annuities, n, 584at war with Uchees, in, 27attitude in Creek war, vi, 369capture of Fort Loudon by, vr, 2S7census, i, 508-517; v, 504Christianity among, vi, 530color, n, 320-321condition, after removal, vi. 4S0,522-532general, iv, 482-483; vi, 513-514statistics on, iv, 58S-589conspiracy entered by, iv, 158controversy with, vi, 474-478convention to adjust dissensionsamong, vr, 501council with Comanches, iv, 470country occupied by, i, 508; in,559, 584, 585, 596-597 ; v, 42 ; vi,32, 179, 238, 704cranial capacity, v, 244measurements, n, 335creation myth, iv, 136De Soto in territory of, i, 134descendants of mound4iuilders, iv,135-136desire to retrocede land, iv, 470-471discussion of language, in, 596-597dissension among, vr, 500-502, 503,512-513distinct from Appalachian group,v, 42divisions, i, 508emigration of part, vi, 488evils suffered by, vi, 531-532fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 722forced migration, iv, 606government, v, 504; vr, 530, 531incursions into S^uth Carolina, vi,314-315in North Carolina, vi, 688intelligence, vi, 529intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351intruders in Texas, i, 240investments for, n, 561
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 39Cherokees (Cherakis)?Continuedlands, iv, 572, 574; vi, 519ceded by, n, 602 ; v, 483claimed by, in, 485, 581, 584;vi, 415granted to, vi, 455purchased from, ii, 594, 595,598, 601sale of, vi, 460-461statistics on, n, 605value, vi, 490legal name proposed for, v, 498linguistic family, in, 401listed as a generic stock, vi, 31map showing colonies, rv, 180map showing location, in, 96
;
v, 253 ; vi, 519migration, supposed, v, 42tradition, v, 98mission churches, v, 698missionary work among, vi, 731,736, 738, 739, 740movement to the West, v, 122nationality preserved, in, 96numeral system, v, 244of North Carolina, report on, iv, 607outrage perpetrated by, iv, 471peace concluded with, vi, 401treaty with Osages, iv, 299plans for removal, in, 576, 577,578 ; vi, 410-411, 412population, i, 518, 523; in, 584,5S5, 596 ; iv, 574, 607 ; v, 483, 498
;
vi, 272, 480, 481, 530, 686, 690,704, 708reference to numerals of, v, 712to treaty with, vi, 420relations with Catawbas, in, 293with Whites, v, 278removal, iv, 460, 484-485; vi, 401-402, 423, 436, 493, 515, 516terms of, vi, 492trouble regarding, vi, 466-467,490-494voluntary, v, 450Scotch element in, vi, 351, 503-50-1shape of skulls, n, 317slavery among, vi, 332, 442state of advancement, v, 506statistics on, attempt to gather, v,482sun worship practiced by, v, 103synonyms of name, v, 42, 482 ; vr, 33
Cherokees (Cherakis)?Continuedtotems, rv, 666treaty with, v, 500 ; vi, 238-239, 327,334, 402, 425, 461, 492war against, rv, 617war of, with Chickasaws, i, 311war with, vi, 238-241warred on, by Iroquois, n, 36, in,196warriors, estimate of, in, 555, 559westward movement, vi, 420within Neosho Colony, iv, 460See also Achalaque ; Allegans ; Alle-gewy ; Tallagewy.Cherr'h-quuh, a band of Bald Hill In-dians, m, 139Cherry Valley, reference to massacre in,vr, 298Chesapeake Bay, colony located on, vi,96Indians of, v, 38 ; vr, 129-130name, derivation, iv, 379 ; v, 573
;
vi, 131discussion, vi, 90Chesapeakes, location, vi, 86, 90Chetco. See Cheattee, Chet Ko.Chetimaches, a linguistic family, in, 402Chet Ko, Indians of, vi, 702Chetleschantunne. See Chetlessentan.Chetlessentan (Chetlessentun), census,v, 493location, vi, 702population, vi, 702Chettakos, chief of the Chockreletan, vi,702Chew, William, a Tuscarora chief, n,541vocabulary obtained from, iv, 118Chewackala, a Lower Creek town, v, 262Che wok o lee (Eu fau la), a LowerCreek town, rv, 580Cheyenne language, characteristics, m,403-404vocabulary, in, 446-459Cheyenne River, tribe on, vr, 556Cheyennes (Chayennes), vi, 686brief account of, i, 244 ; v, 573census, vi, 556, 713country occupied by, in, 403, 595,630 ; v, 494 ; vi, 556, 695, 705divisions, in, 630element of a new group, i, 198enemies of the Mandans, in, 253
40 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Cheyennes ( Chayennes )?Continuedindigenous to Kansas, vi, 536language, in, 595, 630map showing location, ii, 28 ; in,96migration, I, 259population, i, 244, 245, 519, 523 ; m,595, 609, 630, 631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 6S6,695, 696, 705unclassified, n, 33, 343use of arrow by, i, 77See also Shyennes.Chia. See Cia; Silla.Chiakanessou (Chickanossous), in, 559estimate of warriors, in, 557, 559Chiamatla, iv, 32Chiametta, iv, 24Chiapas, antiquities in, vi, 582Chibiabos, a mythological being, I, 317mention in legend, vi, 571Chibwa, a synonym of Chippewa (q. v. )
,
v, 41Chicachos, in, 555number of warriors, m, 555See also Chickasaws.Chicacilla, De Soto at, m, 46Chicago, derivation of name, iv, 379;v, 573illustration of, in 1820, iv, 193massacre of garrison at, v, 530;vi, 356, 359treaty concluded at, vi, 393-395tribes located at, vi, 385, 458Chicasa, classification, in, 401nearly identical with Chocta, in,401See also Chickasaw.Chicaza (village), n, 34arrival of De Soto at, ni, 45attack on De Soto at, vi, 62character of buildings, rv, 124location, in, 45 ; iv, 132See also Chickasaw.Chichemecas (Chichemecs, Chichima-cos, Chichimecas, Chichimecs),and Acolhuans, dynasty of, v, 96knowledge of metals, vi, 600origin, i, 22-26settling in Valley of Mexico, v, 95Valley of Mexico occupied by, vi,596, 742
Chichiticala (Chichiticale), Corona-do's expedition at, iv, 24, 32location, iv, 32-33ruins, iv, 24 ; vi, 70Chickahominy. See Chickahomones.Chickahomones, brief account of, v, 36Chickalees ( Chickeeles ) , in, 224language, iv, 600location, in, 201population, ni, 201See also Chehalis.Chickanossous. See Chiakanessou.Chickasa, proposed legal name forChickasaw, v, 498Chickasaw Bluffs, reached by De Soto,ni, 46, 47Chickasaw Old Fields, halting place ofthe Chickasaw, i, 309Chickasaws (Chickasas), v, 99; vi, 686account of, v, 573agriculture practiced by, v, 526,529and Choctaws, acres owned by, vi,519relations, vi, 527treaty, vi, 484union, iv, 472, 574, 582-583;vi, 460annuities, n, 584Appalachian tribe, rn, 29at battle of Mauvila, in, 44attendance at missions, v, 698attitude in Creek war, vi, 369beliefs, i, 310census, i, 508-517; v, 504-505; vi,690roll, abstract of, iv, 582classified as Appalachians, v, 42condition and prospects, i, 312 ; iv,587 ; v, 693-694after removal, vi, 522-529creation myth, rv, 136descendants of mound-builders, rv,135-136De Soto, hostility to, vi, 62, 63, 65in country of, ii, 34district belonging to, i, 312divisions, i, 508emigration, vi, 488fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 721723funds required for, n, 567geographical position, i, 508
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 41Chickasaws (Chickasas)?Continuedgovernment, v, 504group including, i, 197intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351investments for, n, 561lands, iv, 574ceded by, n, 602; v, 482; vi,459-460claimed by, hi, 584petroleum on, i, 161purchased from, n, 594, 595,598, 600 ; v, 456language discussed, m, 596-597legal name proposed for, v, 498location, m, 559, 584, 597; vi, 32,704maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180
;
v, 253; vi, 519migration legend, i, 309-310missionary work among, vi, 738,739neutrality in Creek war, vr, 403origin, reference to, v, 61, 98population, i, 523 ; m, 584, 597, 610rv, 574 ; v, 498 ; vi, 272, 686, 704position in Revolutionary War, vi,295progress, state of, v, 506relations with the Whites, v, 278removal, iv, 460, 484-485 ; v, 450 ; vx,497, 516agreement to, vi, 433, 435plans for, m, 576, 578 ; vi, 412policy during, vi, 476resistance to De Soto, in, 44-46slavery among, vi, 332statistics on, v, 482on land of, n, 605stature, n, 318sun worship practiced by, v, 103traditions, vi, 403treaty made with, vi, 328, 334, 380unusual provision of, vi, 445warriors, estimate of, m, 555, 559wars, I, 311westward movement, vi, 420within Neosho Colony, iv, 460See also Chicachos ; Chicasa ; Chi-caza.Chickasilla, camp of De Soto at, vi, 62Chickeeles. See Chickalees.
Chicora (Chicorea), application ofname, v, 42 ; vi, 179arrival of Ribault in, vi, 73attempted conquest of, in, 25-26Chicora Indians (Chicoras), applicationof name, v, 573location, vi, 35relations with the French, vr, 73-74treacheries avenged by, vi, 743See also Chicorean group.Chicorea. See Chicora.Chicorean group (Chicoreans), vr, 37account of, n, 35-36country inhabited by, vi, 31-32, 39dispersal, m, 96identification, m, 26map showing location, n, 28one of seven generic families, n, 33origin of name, vr, 179Spanish treachery to, m, 25 ; vi, 39treachery avenged by, vi, 39use of term, n, 344 ; vi, 47See also Chicora Indians.Chiefs, Algonquin title for, vi, 96authority, I, 194; n, 182-183conventions held with, vi, 421Creek, list of, iv, 579-580discussion of office, I, 194 ; rv, 480-482dwellings, n, 83on mounds, iv, 124-125government, i, 267heredity in office, n, 194; iv, 480-481Indian terms for, rv, 480-481Iroquois, descent, v, 73noted Ojibwa, sketches of, n, 160-167office, among Comanches, i, 231 ; n,130among Iroquois, ni, 195among Sioux, n, 182part taken in war, iv, 62poverty, distinguished by, iv, 69selection among the Creeks, i, 275,276succession in office, n, 184Yankton, costume, in, 67See also Chieftainship; Cacique;Mico; Sachem; Sagamore; Warchief.
42 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Chieftainship, descent in female line,v, 528; vi, 281hereditary among Clear Lake In-dians, in, 112Natchez, succession to, vi, 627succession, vi, 281, 385, 386See also Chiefs.Chigantalgi (Chigantualgas), name forthe Natchez, v, 09 ; vi, 31, 197, 628sun worship of, iv, 148territory occupied by, iv, 148See also Quigalta.Chigantualgas. See Chigantalgi.Chihalis. See Chehalis.Chihalis River, tribes on, vi, 703Chilcat Indians, census, v, 480language, v, 480location, v, 480Child, derivation of name for, n, 63Indian word for, n, 50, 63See also Children.Child bearing, years of, in, 238Childbirth, among the Chippewyans, v,175-176customs concerning, i, 252, 255, 261,274; ii, 181; in, 230; v, 271, 655ease in, n, 65 ; v, 182plant used to facilitate, iv, 515power invoked in, v, 440recuperative power in, iv, 350See also Obstetrics; Reproduction.Children, affection for, n, 40, 65 ; iv, 48affection of, for parents, rv, 48average number in family, m, 61 1
;
vt, 562care and training, n, 1S1 ; in, 214,240-241, v, 273grief at death of, n, 67Indian term for, n, 63instruction, n, 50-51; rv, 61method of carrying, n, 181nakedness, v, 275orphan, care of, n, 104; iv, 56, 57part taken by, in dances, iv, 64punishment, v, 273-274song to firefly, v, 564stealing practiced by, n, 191training, in religious rites, rv, 640treatment of, Kenisteno, v, 166See also Cradles ; Family life
;
Head deformation ; Infanticide ;Naming customs ; Puberty cus-toms ; Twins,
Chillates, location, in, 571population, in, 571See also Chehalis.Chillicothe, battle at, with Shawnees,vi, 307center of Indian power, vi, 300earthworks at, mention of, vi, 507Chillicothe, Upper, formerly Plugge'sTown, iv, 632Chilluckittequaw (Chillukkitequaw), lo-cation, in, 570population, in, 570, 600; v, 706Chiltz nation, location, in, 571population, in, 571See also Chehalis.Chilula. See Bald Hill Indians.Chimakum (Chin-a-kums), enslaved bySklal-lums, iv, 600language, iv, 600location, rv, 508; v, 703; vi, 703population, iv, 508 ; v, 491, 703 ; vi,703Clummesyan. See Chimsyans.CMnmahpan (Chimnahpum, Chinnah-pum), location, in, 570population, in, 570, 600; v, 706Chimook language, reference to, in,224Chimsyan language, tribes speaking, v,487Chimsyans, v, 487census, v, 487Indian names for tribes, v, 487location, v, 487remarks on, v, 487Chin nation, v, 173Chin-a-kum. See Chimakum.Chinatos, location, in, 533Chinese, funeral ceremony of, v, 80knowledge of anatomy, rv, 506-507writing, discussion of, i, 422Chinese element, seen in ruins of Ux-mal, v, 106Chinese Museum, London, reference to,i, 70Chingwalk (Chingwauk), Algonquinchief, sketch of, i, 112inscription interpreted by, I, 107,112 ; v, 64 ; vi, 600, 620Chingwauk. See Chingwalk.Chinnahpum. See Chimnahpan.Chinookau Family. Sec Tshinook.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES"Chinook jargon, vocabulary of, v, 548-551language. See Chiinook language.Chinnooks. See Chinooks.Chinooks (Chenook, Clienouks, Chin-nooks), v, 492, 703; vi, 686, 703burials, ir, 71 ; v, 655, vr, 617classification, in, 402color, ii, 321cranial capacity, v, 244; vi, 574measurements, n, 335embalming practiced by, v, 693head flattening among, n, 326, 328illustration of burial, vi, 617location, in, 201, 571 ; iv, 599maps showing, in, 98, 200Oregon tribe, v, 572population, i, 521 ; in, 201, 571, 609632 ; v, 492, 703, 705 ; vi, 686, 701resemblance to Japanese, i, 217to Shoshonee, i, 217slaves buried with dead by, ii, 71skull of, illustrated, n, 318, 320,322See also Chinooks, Lower; Chi-nooks, Upper.Chinooks, Lower, v, 490, 703location, v, 490, 703; vi, 703population, v, 490, 703; vi, 703Chinooks, Upper, v, 490 ; vi, 700location, v, 490, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 490; vi, 703Chipeways. See Chippewas.Chipewyan. See Chippewyans.Chippawees. See Chippewas.Chippequddic, i, 287.Chippewa language, iv, 531-538; v,297-299address in, with translation, v, 603Algonquin dialect, n, 341characteristic feature, in, 523compared with Hebrew, rv, 386-387conjugation of verb in, v, 299-388lexicon [through "A"], v, 565-569list of works in, iv, 531-538Lord's Prayer in, v, 592principles, data respecting, v, 001-620grammatical, iv, 385-396, v,565-569vocabulary, v, 556-557, 620numerals, n. 216-218word "Cod" declined in, v, 41603070G?54 4
Chippewa language?ContinuedSee also Ojibwa language.Chippewa songs, v, 559-564corn husking, v, 563-564love, v, 559-562medicine, v, 563war, v, 562Chippewa tales, of little Monedo, in,318-320of Shingebiss, in, 324-326Chippewa territory, artifacts from, i, 68exploring expedition to, v, 151-152rich soil of, I, 182Chippewas (Chepewas, Chipeways,Chippawees, Chippeways, Chip-was), in, 277, 556; vi, 237, 375,488, 686agency established among, vt, 397alliance formed against, I, 304allies of the Manatoulines, vi, 203American policy toward, vi, 399-400ancient seat of, vi, 385and others, dwelling grounds, vi,714emigration, in, 610hunting grounds, vi, 714payments to, vi, 721, 722, 723population, vi, 714and Ottawas, at missions, v, 698dwelling grounds, vi, 714fiscal statistics on, vi, 720, 721hunting grounds, vi, 714trading posts for, in, 599-600and Saginaw, population of, vi, 692and Sioux, hostilities between, v,524-525annuities, n, 586, 588appropriation for, n, 564armistice granted to, vi, 364as allies of the British, vi, 462as allies of the French, vi, 462at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217at treaty with Bradstreet, vi, 255attitude in Revolutionary War, vt,278bands or divisions, i, 458, 468belief concerning the soul, v, 79Black River, compensation to, v,456Black River, fiscal statistics on, vi,721, 723Boisfort and Red Lake, population,vi, 707
44 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Chippewas?Continuedbrief account of, n, 560, v, 574burial customs, v, 64 ; vi, 664-665census, I, 458-477 ; m, 621-628characteristics, v, 150, 152classification and origin, v, 143concentration, proposed, iv, 464condition, general, rv, 467conference with, v, 667country occupied by, i, 183, 458 ; m,559, 584, 591 ; iv, 187 ; v, 495 ; vi,33, 203, 275, 384, 385, 704, 705cranial capacity, v, 244measurements, n, 335creation myth, v, 148-149custom, v, 71decline, n, 98delegation, to U. S. Government, i,414-420dental pictography, vi, 631descent of ruling power among, vi,385Detroit, census, I, 458-467distinctive moccasin, m, 66division, v, 435dwelling grounds, vi, 714eastern, classification, ni, 410enmity, toward Sioux, n, 547feuds with Sioux, reference to, i,142, 143fire worship among, v, 67funds required for, n, 566-567, 570-571Grand Traverse, creation myth of,v, 192grave, illustrated, v, 64great warpath of, i, 304history, general, v, 142-152hunting grounds, vi, 714identified as old Algonquins, v, 146influence exercised by, vi, 463inscriptions left by, 1, 304investments for, n, 561, 562, 563lands, iv, 572ceded by, n, 602, 603 ; rv, 188
;
vi, 393-395, 464, 483-484,505claimed by, ni, 584purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600, 601statistics on, 605, 606language spoken by, m, 563reference to, in, 96
Chippewas?Continuedleading men, m, 569league, with other tribes, vi, 485legends, n, 229-234listed as a linguistic stock, m, 591-593lodges, rv, 57map showing location, ni, 96medical practices, vi, 632members of Pontiac's Confederacy,n, 307migration, period of, v, 39trend of, v, 184, 185Mississippi, information concern-ing source, i, 143population, vi, 707statistics on, vi, 721, 723name, derivation of, n, 358 ; iv, 187
;
v, 142 ; vi, 483given to rice, i, 187numeral system, v, 244of Chippewa Valley, census, i, 468-477of Detroit, location, iv, 461of Grand Traverse Bay, census, I,458-467of Grand Traverse Bay, popula-tion, ni, 523, 524of Lake Superior, census, i, 468-477of Lake Superior, fiscal statisticson, vi, 721, 723of Lake Superior, lands occupiedby, rv, 463-464of Lake Superior, population, vi,692, 707of Michillimackinac, census, i, 458-467of Rainy Lake, census, i, 468-477of Saginaw, fiscal statistics on, vi,721, 723of Saginaw, lands ceded by, vi, 484of Saginaw, treaty with, vr, 383of St. Croix Valley, census, i, 468-477of Swan Creek and Black River,census, I, 458-467of Thunder Bay, census, i, 458-467of Upper Mississippi, census, I,468-477one of Seven Fires, n, 169opposition, to schools, iv, 478
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 45Chippewas?Continuedorigin, classification and, v, 143tradition, v, 14S-149other names for, v, 41peace negotiations of, with Sioux,i, 338peace sought by, vi, 343performance of Midawin by, v,42S-433, 434petition to the President, i, 414-420picture writing among, i, 338Pontiac joined by, vi, 243population, i, 458, 468, 523, 524;Hi, 523, 524, 563, 581, 584, 591;iv, 572, 609; v, 495, 708; vi, 271,272, 275, 276, 686, 689, 692, 693,704, 705, 707, 714recommendations concerning, n,549-550regard for the French, v, 147relations with other tribes, in, 278,567 ; v, 524-525removal, v, 495; vi, 497, 505-506,516problem of, iv, 485report on condition, vi, 547resemblance to Ottowas, iv, 187;vi, 464scaffold burial adopted by, vi, 617Sioux, enmity toward, n, 547feuds with, i, 142, 143wars with, v, 524-525 ; vi, 387-389spirit-god of, in, 483-484stature, iv, 349suitable place for, iv, 193-194Swan Creek, fiscal statistics on, vi,721, 722, 723Swan Creek and Black River, pop-ulation, vi, 689, 692synonyms, in, 563totems, in, 556trade, m, 565trading posts for, in, 567, 599-600traditional enemies, v, 39traditions, i, 302-304 ; in, 491-492
;
v, 147-150treaties with, v, 499, 500; vr, 327,330, 334, 380, 421effecting removal of, vi, 488ceding lands of, vi, 458settling boundary for, vi, 422
Chippewas?Continuedwar customs, n, 58warriors, number of, ni, 556, 559,560, 563 ; vi, 271wars with the Sioux, vi, 387-389winter headdress, illustrated, in,68See also Ojibwas ; Ontonagons
;
Pillagers ; Saulteurs.Chippeways. See Chippewas.Chippewyans ( Chepeweyans, Chepe-wyans, Cheppewyans, Cheppe-yans), an Athapascan tribe, m,542beard, n, 322beliefs, v, 173-174characteristics, v, 174classification, ni, 401creation myth, v, 173dress, v, 174-175hair, n, 322language, v, 172name, double use of, v, 574native, v, 172origin, v, 172population, n, 27 ; v, 172territory occupied by, v, 172tradition, i, 19Chipwas. See Chippewas.Chisca village, artificial mound at, rv,124attack on, by De Soto, in, 47; vi,62Chisels, copper, i, 94stone, i, 91-92illustrated, i, 77, 90Chitimacha. See Chetimaches.Choate, Lucy, illustration of hair, in,390measurements of hair, hi, 384Chock o lock o, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578Chockreletan (Chocreleatan), census,v, 492location, vi, 702population, vi, 702Chocta. See Choctaw.Chocta, Muskhog, a linguistic family,m, 401divisions, m, 401Choctas. See Choctaws.Choctaw lands, boundaries, vi, 527
46 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Choctaw language, hi, 596-597books and tracts in, iv, 544-546brief vocabulary, in, 347Lord's Prayer in, v, 592vocabulary (numerals), ii, 204-200Choctaws (Chactas, Chactaws, Chauc-taws, Cbocta, Choctas), v, 99;vi, 430, 686account of, v, 572agriculture practiced by, vi, 526allies of the French, vi, 237and Chickasaws, acres possessedby, rv, 519relation, vi, 460, 484, 527, 52Streaty with, vi, 484union of, iv, 472, 574; vr, 46annuities, n, 585Appalachian tribe, in, 29appropriations for, n, 564at battle of Mauvila, in, 44attendance at mission, v, 698attitude in Creek war, vi, 369called Mavilians, n, 34Mobilians, in, 29Catawba band absorbed by, in.293census, v, 504-505; vr, 690roll, abstract of, iv, 528classification, in, 401 ; v, 42colonization, plan for, vi, 412condition, after removal, vi, 480,522-528general, v, 4S3report on, iv, 582-587country allotted to, vi, 410cranial measurements, n, 335De Soto in country of, n, 34emigration, vi, 488forts erected by, v, 110funds required for, n, 567government, v, 504; vi, 528group including, i, 197head flattening among, n, 324intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351investments for, n, 563lands, iv, 574ceded by, n, 602claimed by, ni, 584, 585purchased from, n, 594, 598,599statistics on, n, 605language, discussion of, m, 596-597
Choctaws?Continuedlegal name proposed for, v, 498location, ni, 559, 584, 585, 597; vr,704map showing colony, iv, 180maps showing location, in, 96; v,253 ; vi, 519medical practices, v, 440-441migration legend, v, 98; vr, 403missionary work among, v, 698 ; vi,734, 738, 739, 740nearly identical with Chicasa, in,401neutrality in Creek war, vr, 403numeral system, v, 244, 712origin tradition, v, 61population, i, 522, 523 ; in, 584, 585,597, 609, 610 ; iv, 574 ; v, 483, 498 ;vi, 272, 479, 686, 704progress, v, 506, 694relations with Whites, v, 278removal, n, 558; iv, 460, 484-485;vi, 497, 516agreement to, vi, 433, 436condition after, vi, 4S0, 522-528plan for, in, 576, 578policy during, vi, 476school planned for, v, 699settlement in country of, vi, 185slavery among, vi, 332stand taken in Revolutionary War,vi, 295statistics, attempt to gather, v, 482fiscal, vi, 720, 722, 723on land of, n, 605stature, n, 318 ; iv, 349sun worship practiced by, v, 103supreme deity of, in, 511territory occupied by, vi, 32traditional home, iv, 606transference to the West, vi, 423treaties with, v, 499; vi, 328, 334,380, 461provisions of, vi, 403voluntary removal of, v, 450warriors, estimate of, in, 555, 559westward movement, vi, 420within Neosho Colony, iv, 460Cho gart lo fixico, of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Choiteu, a California tribe, vi, 711Chokuyem. See Tcho4io-yem.Cholera, epidemic of, i, 184
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 47Cholula, measurements of pyramid of,vi, 582Cholulans, in, 515mythology, vi, 640-641Oholulu monuments, conclusions drawnfrom, iv, 114Cbopemnish. See Chopunnish.Chopko, Jonny, chief at Chehawah, iv.580Chopunnish (Chopemnish) Indians,beard of, n, 322location, m, 570population, in, 570, 609 ; v, 706of Lewis's River, in, 570See also Nez Perces.Chori, name for Indians of Trinidad,Calif., in, 133Cho-tan-o-man-as, arrangements madefor, at Clear Lake, in, 110Choteau, M., St. Louis merchant, in,354, 355Chouteau, Col. Pierre, death of Pontiacdescribed by, n, 308Chowan River, exploration of, vi, 90Indians on, vi, 86Indian villages on, vi, 85Chowanoc. See Chowanocks.Chowanocks (Chowans), discussion ofname of, vi, 90included in Mouacan dialects. Hi,292location, vi, 86of Iroquois stock, vi, 86Chowans. See Chowanocks.Chowechak (Chow-e-shak), a Califor-nia tribe or band, in, 116 ; vi, 711location, in, 421Chow-e-shak. See Chowechak.Chow-e-shak language, vocabulary, ni.434-440Christian churches, Indian membershipin, v, 698Christian Indians, attitude of, duringRevolutionary War, vr, 277census, I, 488-497 ; in, 621-628condition, after removal, vi, 543, 544funds required for, n, 566government, v, 504location, i, 488; vr, 705meeting place, v, 225migrations, vi, 317Neuters at village of, iv, 208
Christian Indians?Continuedpayments made to, vr, 721, 723population, v, 504; vi, 705tribes composing, v, 506See also Munceys and ChristianIndians.Christian religion, importance of, incivilizing Indians, in, 472^74Christianity, among Indians, tableshowing, v, 502-503among Oneiclas, v, 512-513among Oregon tribes, in, 221-222Chippewa attitude toward, v, 151forced on Indians, in, 23Indian attitude toward, iv, 638-639 ;vi, 105list of tribes adopting, v, 504opposition to, iv, 640Christiantown, i, 287Christinaux. See Cristeneaux.Chu-cha-cas language, Pueblos speak-ing, v, 689Chugnut. See Chaghnet.Chunk yard (Chunkey-yard), describedby Bartram, v, 100use of, v, 265 ; vi, 343Church, Capt. Benjamin, vi, 155, 163campaign of, against Indians, vi,171Church Missionary Society, mission es-tablished by, vi, 739Church of the United Brethren, mission-ary labors of, vi, 734, 735Churchill River, classification of lan-guage of, in, 401tribes on, vr, 33Chusco, an Ottowa prophet, i, 389information obtained from, i, 307,308 ; vi, 203miraculous arts of, iv, 491Chute, J. A., work of, iv, 541Cia (Chia) , identification, iv, 35, 39other names for, nv, 35party sent to, iv, 29population, in, 633 ; vi, 709See also Silla.Cibola, v, 107Coronado at, iv, 24 ; vi, 70identified as old Zuni, iv, 24, 32, 33,39map showing location of, iv, 39
48 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Cibola?Continuedtale of seven cities of, iv, 22 ; vi, 58use of name, rv, 25Cibolos, absorbed by Umahs, i, 519ancient, population, i, 519Cicoua, a synonym of CicuyS (q. v.),iv, 39Cicuye\ v, 107arrival of Spaniards at, iv, 26Coronado at, iv, 29description, rv, 35identified as Pecos, iv, 32, 35, 39location, iv, 25-26, 29, 39map showing, iv, 39Pecos name for, iv, 35sketch of, iv, 29Spanish expedition at, iv, 34Cieza, Pedro de, observations made by,n, 328Cincinnati, fort on present site of, vi,336Cinnabar, mines of, i, 150ore identified as, I, 150use of word, i, 150Cinteotl, Toltec goddess, vi, 631Cipriano, Father, labors of, iv, 557Circleville, mention of earthworks at,vi, 597Circumcision, cases of among Indians,in, 268Civility, interpreter, mention of, vi, 140Civilization, and geographic location, iv,662diseases traceable to, iv, 503-504effect on Indians, v, 41 15European, Indian attitude toward,vi, 27-29Indian resistance to, vi, 565-566influence on Indian discussed, in,220, 614judged by antiquities, rv, 113-114Mexican, discovery of, iv, 122-123state of, in Peru and Mexico, atDiscovery, v, 89-95See also Indian Civilization.Civilization, Indian, at time of Dis-covery, i, 55backward state of, n, 30-31character, v, 29conclusions concerning, I, 105decline, v, 69degree, i, 45
Civilization?Continueddiscussion of, i, 62-65, 71-72; vi,346-348, 507-509, 592-594disintegration, rv, 148effect of agriculture on, v, 392effect of commerce with Whites on,ii, 188-189exaggerated reports of, v, 88extent, iv, 665-666intrusive elements in, v, 85-86lack of advance in, iv, 146-147plans for, discussed, n, 526-537stages, i, 224Toltec element in, iv, 147-148See also Culture.Civilized Indians, Pueblos called, I,245Cla-catska, a Creek town, rv, 563Clackamas (Clarkamus), vi, 686location, ni, 572; v, 492maps showing, in, 96, 200population, i, 521; in, 572, 609,632 ; v, 492 ; vi, 686, 701Clackstar nation, location, in, 570population, in, 570See also Tlatskanai.Clahclellah, a Shahalah tribe, m, 570location, ni, 570Clahnaquah. See Clannahqueh.Clahoose. See Cle Huse.Claiborne, Gen., attack by, on Creektown, vi, 368fort defended by, vi, 362Clallams, population, v, 705See also Noosclalum; S'klallams;Tlalams.Clal lu e is, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Clamets, classification, in, 402See also Klamath Indians.Clamoctomichs, location, m, 571population, m, 571Clan. See Clans.Claninnates, location, in, 571population, m, 571Clannahqueh, location, m, 570population, ni, 570Clannarminnamuns, location, in, 571population, m, 571
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 49Clans, toteinic organizations, i, 193Dacota, discussion of, n, 171explanation of term, i, 193; v, 262feuds between, n, 171of the Chickasaw, I, 311of the Iowas, m, 268-269of the Winnebagoes, iv, 236system, among the Creeks, i, 275Clark, Gen., Indian population esti-mated by, v, 480, 484treaty negotiated by, vi, 420, 421-422Clark (e), Gen. George Rogers, rv, 623;vi, 263cited on mound period, vi, 600expedition, against the Indians, vi,302-303testimony, regarding Logan mas-sacre, in, 56theory, concerning mounds, iv, 133-136treaty concluded by, vi, 327Clark, Gen. William, explorations of,vi, 349position filled by, vi, 350quoted on removal of Indians, vi,426-427services rendered by, vi, 405standing, among the Indians, vi, 380Clark, Wm., and Cass, Lew., paperstransmitted by, in, 588-589Clarkamus. See Clackamas.Clarke, Edward Daniel, inscriptioncopied by, vi, 611Clarke, Gen. William, m, 248Clarke, Maj., death of, vi, 336Clarkson, Matthew, diary of journey,iv, 265-278trading station opened by, vi, 269Clary, Lt. R., expedition escorted by, i,144Classification of tribes, vi, 573-574by early French, vr, 391See also under tribal names.Olatacamin (Clatsacamin, Clatsaconin),vi, 686population, i, 521 ; vi, 686, 701See also Tlatskannai.Clath lo hargo, a Creek chief, iv, 576Clatsaps. See Clatsops.Clatsop (Klatsop) language, brief vo-cabulary, in, 223-224
Clatsops (Chatsops, Clatsaps, Klat-sops), v, 492; vi, 686classification, in, 402head flattening among, n, 326location, m, 201, 571 ; v, 492map showing location, m, 200physical characteristics, ni, 224population, i, 521 ; in, 201, 571, 609,632 ; v, 492 ; vi, 686, 701Clay, Gen. Green, defeat of troops un-der, vi, 362Clay, Henry, illustration showing hairof, in, 388Clear Lake country, described, in, 108-109population, vi, 711Clear Lake Indians, affinities, in, 108,421beliefs and customs, m, 112-113description, in, 106-108population, in, 110, 634Clear Lake treaty, tribes representedat, in, 109Cle Huse, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Cle li Kitte, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 48Scensus, v, 488Clemens, James W., mound contents de-scribed by, i, 122Clemma (John), chief of the Nasomah,vi, 702Clermont's Band, vi, 540an Osage band, in, 594country occupied by, ni, 594Cleuwatha Town, a Creek town, rv, 575chiefs of, rv, 575Clewauleys, a Creek town, v, 262Cle wulla, an Upper Creek town, rv578Clickass. See Clict ass.Clickatais. See Clickatats.Clickatats (Clickatais, Clickitats), ac-count of, rv, 600head flattening among, n, 326maps showing location, m, 96, 200population, i, 521 ; m, 632 ; rv, 701Clickitats. See Clickatats.Clict ass, census, v, 489language, v, 489
50 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Clinch, Gen., defeat of, at the Wythla-cooche, vi, 471part taken by, in Seminole War, vi,468, 469, 470Clinton, De Witt, m, 184, 198; iv, 131cited on ancient warfare, iv, 137quoted on Iroquois mentality, in,57Clinton, Gen. James, vi, 306Indian town destroyed by, vi, 311march of, vi, 309observations made by, vi, 334Clinton, Gov., v, 514Clishhooks (Cushhooks), location, in,572population of, in, 572, 609Cloo, census, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Ciossets, location, iv, 599See also Ma-caw.Clothing, affected by environment, v,SOClear Lake Indians, in, 108decoration, n, 64, 515 ; v, 116description, in, 65-69made of skins, i, S7-S8of a corpse, iv, 54, 66of Apaches, v, 210-211of Blackfeet, v, 182of California Indians, in, 127, 140,141of California tribes, illustrated, v,217of Callapuyas, in, 219of Chippewyans, v, 174-175of Comanches, n, 133of Creek women, v, 275of Cuchans, i, 112-113of Daeotahs, iv, 68-69of Kenistenos, v, 165-166of Massachusetts Indians, i, 284of Moquis, in, 298of Ojibwas, n, 138of Oregon Indians, in, 219-220of Pueblos, iv, 76-77of Sacramento tribes, vi, 710of the dead, n, 68; iv, 54, 66of Virginia Indians, n, 23of Winnebagoes, rv, 58of Yumas, n, 110See also Blankets ; Costume ; Moc-casins ; Ornamentation.
Clouds, importance of, to Indian mind,i,34Clow et sus, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Clowns, at Moqui dance, iv, 84Clowwewalla. See Turn Waters.Coacquannok, Delaware village, nowPhiladelphia, iv, 280Coal, bituminous, in Rocky Mountainregion, i, 209, 218found on Arkansas River, i, 270Coasawda, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578Coat of mail, wooden, described, in, 216illustrated, in, 216Coatl, a type of evil, iv, 664Cochecalechee, meaning of name, v, 575Cochiti (Cochite), language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 709Cocknawaga, Peter, vi, 262Coco Maricopas. See Maricopas.Co-co-noon Indians, manner of speech,iv, 407vocabulary, iv, 413Cocopa. See Co-co-pah.Co-co-pah (Cacupas, Cu-cu-pahs, Cucu-pas), a Yuma division, n, 116country occupied by, n, 116description, iv, 38maps showing location, in, 96; iv,24Codex Tellurianus, i, 21Codex Vaticanus, i, 21Coeur d'Alene (Cour d'Alenes, Courd'Aliens), location, v, 490population, in, 632 ; v, 490, 705, 707 ;vi, 700, 701See also Conerd Helene ; Skitswish.Cofaqui, De Soto at, in, 40Cofatchequi (Cofatchique, Cofitchiqui,Cutifachiqui), n, 35De Soto at, n, 34 ; in, 27, 40 ; vi, 61site, ii, 88Coffee, Gen. John, Creeks defeated by,vi, 367, 370Cofitchiqui. See Cofatchequi.Coghnawagas and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714See also Caughnawaga.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 51Cognawagoes and Connefedagoes,dwelling grounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714See also Caughnawaga.Cohahatatea (Cohahatea) , Indian nameof Hudson River, vi, 100, 504Coharty, Mr., vi, 239Cohocton, meaning of name, iv, 384 ; v,669Colbert, Maj. Pitman, iv, 583Colbert, Win, annuity of, n, 584Colberr, Winchester, Chickasaw divisionof, i, 508Colcortl, Edward, v, 228Colden, Cadwallader, cited on Iroquoisattainments, v, 107Five Nations described by, in, 184-195quoted on Indian oratory, in, 56Colespelin. See Calapelins.Coligni (Coligny), Admiral, expeditionorganized by, vi, 73, 76settlement of Florida by, vi, 744Coligoa, location, iv, 132northern point reached by De Soto,in, 50search for, by De Soto, iv, 320, 321Collville tribe. See Colville.Collyer, Col., n, 114Coloille Indians, population, i, 521Colonial Commissioners, addressed byCannassatego, in, 199Colonies possibly absorbed by Indians,v, S6Colonization of tribes, iv, 180, 459-475authorized by Congress, v, 428-431territory assigned for, iv, 460See also Colonization plan.Colonization plan, iv, 484^86; vi, 406-416first decade, vi, 428-461end of, vi, 503fundamental principles, vi, 444Colonized tribes, description of lands,vi, 519-521geographical position, vr, 519, 520Color, as a racial characteristic, iv, 362of Indian tribes, iv, 361, 362Colorado Canon, discovery, by Spanishexpedition, iv, 25Colorado of the West, branches of, de-scribed, i, 218
Colorado River, changes in name, v, 200Indians of, v, 197 ; vr, 698Yuma name for, n, 113Colorado Valley, inhabitants, i, 217-218Columbia, use of name, v, 594Columbia River, tribes on, vr, 703Columbia River Indians, cranial meas-urements, n, 335skull of, illustrated, n, 326, 328, 330Columbia Valley, Indian population, in,570-572tribes occupying, in, 570-572Columbus, discoveries of, vi, 743Indians named by, v, 28landing place of, iv, 554visit to Iceland, 1, 106Colville (Collville tribe) and Spokane,population of, v, 706, 707location, v, 490population, in. 632 : v, 490, 705, 707
;
vi. 700, 701See also Kettle Falls Indians;Schwo-Yelpi ; Sliuyelpe ; Wheelpo.Comanche (Comanchee) language, briefvocabulary, n, 129-130conclusions derived from, in, 403vocabulary, n, 494-505Comanchees. See Comancbes.Comanches (Camanches, Comanchees,Cumanches), in, 399; iv, 469,470; vi, 34, 489, 686, 708and Kioways, location, vr, 705population, vr, 705attack on emigrants, n, 134illustrated, n, 133attacks on Pecos, iv, 35bands, names of, i, 230, 260beliefs, n, 126-127, 128, 129branch of the Shoshonee, i, 201brief account, i, 244 ; v, 575-576Chiefs, list of, n. 128classification, n, 343 ; iv, 551 ; v,197, 217country inhabited by, i, 230 ; in, 635described, i, 238-239; n, 128-129depredations, iv, 593description, i, 229-238 ; n, 125-134divisions, n, 127-128 ; v, 575identified as Shoshonean, n, 38
52 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Comanches?Continuedincluded in Shoshonee group, 1, 197inscription of, described, iv, 253illustrated, iv, 253 ; vi, 70intermarriage with other tribes, n,126lack of tradition among, i, 231linguistic affiliations, i, 260 ; in, 402,403map showing location, in, 96marriage customs, v, 683migration, vi, 616legend, n, 126names for, various, rr, 126numeral system, v, 244origin tradition, i, 230 ; v, 683physical characteristics, v, 684population, I, 230, 244, 245, 260, 518,519 ; in, 609, 635 ; v, 702 ; vi, 686,705, 708raids, into Mexico, n, 330, 334range of war parties, i, 159religion, v, 684-685report on, n, 125-134Teyans identified as, rv, 35treaty with, vi, 461See also Naiini ; Niuna ; Padoucah
;
Pandouca stock.Combahee Indians, gold and silver ob-tained from, iv, 165treachery avenged by, in, 39Combahee River, Indians of, in, 25; vi,32, 39Combs, wooden, illustrated, m, 468Com-comly, in, 144Comenistequoia, vi, 269Comeya. See Co-mo-ya.Commerce. See Trade.Commissioner of Indian Affairs, reportfor 1850, ii, 547-560Committee on Indian Affairs, addressto Indians by, vi, 293-296Communication, between hostile tribes,m, 212by "signal" trees, in, 150-151See also Inscriptions; Pictographs.Comogei, n, 115Co moux, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488
Comox. See Co moux.Co-mo-ya (Co-mo-yahs, Comoyei), n,110, 111distinguishing characteristics, n,116location, n, 116words in language, n, 121Comoyei. See Co-mo-ya.Complexion, of aborigines, n, 320See also Color.Compostella, iv, 22, 23, 32Cona, inhabited by Teyas, iv, 37Con-a-ha-ta-kaw's Band, census, i, 498-507Conanicut, vi, 118Conastoga. See Conestogo.Conawaghrunes. See Caughnawaga.Con chante ti, an Upper Creek town, rv,578Conerd Helene or Printed Hearts, popu-lation of, i, 521Conestoga. See Conestogo.Conestogo ( Canostogas, Conastoga,Conestogoes, Conestogues), anOneida tribe, vr, 136Andastes identified as, vi, 137, 138called Susquehanna Menquays, vi,140language, vi, 140, 141massacre, vi, 141, 237subjugated by Iroquois, vr, 140treaties with, vr, 140See also Andastes, Minqna, Susque-hannocks.Conestogoe (Conostoga) village, birth-place of Skenandoah, v, 510Indians at, vi, 141massacre at, vi, 141Conestogoes, Conestogues. See Cones-togo.Confederacy, formation of, among Iro-quois, I, 197lack of spirit of, among Indians, iv,482of western tribes, mounds attrib-uted to, iv, 136, 137See also Alliances, tribal ; CreekConfederacy ; Iroquois Confeder-acy; Powhatan Confederacy.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 53Congarees, antiquities of, iv, 155-169,170-172illustrated, iv, 160, 164-16S ; VI, 179conspiracy entered by, iv, 158decrease in population, iv, 158described by Lawson, rv, 157-158disappearance, iv, 159skull, illustrated, rv, 160type of, iv, 172subordinate tribe of the Catawbas,vi, 179Congo Billy, hair, measurements of,in, 383illustration of, in, 390Coniatare, Iroquois name for LakeHuron, iv, 383Conies, v, 137See also Conoy.Connassatego. See Canassatego.Connecticut, Indian lands in, hi, 5S3,586 ; v, 480Indian population of, i, 524; in,583, 586 ; v, 480population and area of, rv, 610Connecticut River, ancient form ofname, v, 576Indians on, vi, 110meaning of name, v, 576Connecticut Valley, tribes of, v, 226-227Connefedagoes and Cognawagoes,dwelling grounds, vr, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population of, vi, 714Conner, Henry, assistance rendered by,i, 113Connewangoes, a branch of the Senecas,in, 288Catawbas driven out by, in, 28Scountry occupied by, in, 288Conoies. See Conoy.Conolly, Maj., frontier forces com-manded by, rv, 622Conoodagtoh, vr, 140Conostoga. See Conestogoe village.Conoy (Conoies, Conoys), a synonymof Nanticos, vr, 131and others, population of, vr, 270country occupied by, v, 668 ; vx, 131dwelling grounds, vr, 714hunting grounds, vr, 714migration, vr, 132population, v, 668; vr, 714subjection, to Iroquois, rv, 617
Conoy (Conies, Conoys)?Con.tribe of the Susquehannocks, rv, 617extinct, v, 576Constellation, The Bear, recognized byMassachusetts Indians, r, 285Consumption, among Eel River Indians,in, 128, 129treatment for, iv, 512Contamis (Contenay), location, i, 437population, i, 521See also Kutenai ; Flatbows.Contenay. See Contamis.Continence. See Warriors.Continental abrasion, i, 171Cook, Capt., reference to discoveries of,v, 27Cooking, baskets used for, i, 61, 211;in, 107, 206method of, among Snake Indians, i,211among the Sioux, n, 176Shoshonean, described, i, 211simplicity of, n, 64vessels used for, 81See also Food; Pottery.Cook4ioo-oose, location, m, 571population, in, 571, 609Coolamies, a Creek town, v, 262Cools-on-tick-ara, meaning of name, r,260Cooniac. See Konic.Coon-skin, an Eel River chief, in, 129Cooper, Senator, of Pennsylvania, In-dian legislation discussed by, v,465-466Coos. See Cookkoo-oose.Coosa, principal Creek town, in, 41Coosa fixico of Talladega Town, iv, 576Coosa River, derivation of name, in, 511description, v, 257mounds on, iv, 127Coosadas (Coosades, Coosidas), a partof the Creek nation, v, 115, 260classification, in, 401, 404population, in, 399See also Koasati.Coosadas (village), a Creek town, v, 262Coosahatchee (Coosahatchie) River,derivation of name, in, 27Indians of region, vr, 32Coosahatches, a Creek town, v, 262
54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Coosas (Coosaws) Indians, included inAppalachians, v, 42subordinate tribe of the Catawbas,vi, 179Coosas (village), a Creek town, v, 262Coosaws. See Coosas.Coosidas. See Coosadas.Coospellar, location, in, 572population, in, 572, 609See also Kalispel.Coosuc. See Coosucks.Coosucks, derivation of name, v, 222members of Pennacook Confed-eracy, v, 222Cootenays (Coutenay), population, v,490 ; vi, 701and Flatbows, population, v, 705
;
vi, 700See also Kutenai.Copafl, inhabitants briefly described, n,32Copalis. See Pailsh.Copeh language, band speaking, in, 421vocabulary, in, 428-434Copeland, Mr., quoted on the Choctaws,iv, 586Copper, artifacts, i, 67, 99 ; vi, 598axes from Peruvian guacas, v, 92discovery of mass of, i, 96, 98hardened by tin, use of, n, 31implements, description, iv, 438-439discovery in Ohio, v, 665-666illustrations of, iv, 438; v, 93recovery of, v, 112mining, i, 95-100ornaments, i, 93plates of, found with skeletons, i,127-128trade in, i, 07, 99use among Ojibw'as, n, 138by Indians, i, 50, 67 ; in, 87-88
;
v, 395by mound-builders, I, 99See also Copper mines.Copper-mine Indians, v, 179Athapascan tribe, in, 542numerical importance, n, 27population, n, 27Coppermine River language, classifica-tion, in, 401
Copper mines and mining, aboriginal, iv,143-144 ; vi, 611ancient, methods used in, v, 111remains of, i, 96; v, 395-396,397implements used in, rv, 144Copper ore of Lake Superior, i, 160Copway, George, translation by, iv, 532Coquille bands, origin of name, vi, 702Coquille River, Indians of, vi, 702Cordova, Francisco Hernandez de, dis-coveries of, in, 27 ; vi, 44, 743Corees, identification, vi, 179location, vi, 35Corn (maize, Zea maize), a subsidiaryfood, i, 433Algonquin belief concerning, v, 39as an element of civilization, i, 64as evidence of route of migration,I, 64 ; n, 29-32 ; iv, 115, 132buried with the dead, v, 93ceremony connected with, v, 267
;
vi, 385connection with pottery, i, 61cultivated on Grave Creek flats, iv,130cultivation, i, 46, 56-57, 60, 197;n, 28-29effect, i, 60-65; v, 229extent, i, 80 ; n, 29 ; vi, 562dance connected with, in, S9 ; v,685drink made from, v, 274feast of, v, 268guarded from birds, in, 63human sacrifice connected with, v,78in Minnesota, i, 1S2, 183Iroquois aided by, n, 30legend concerning waste of, v, 194-195legend of origin, i, 311; n, 230-232 ; in, 538 ; iv, 343 ; v, 193offering to Great Spirit, vi, 385on De Soto's line of march, n, 29pounding, illustrated, iv, 175preparation for food, i, 80 ; in, 466 ;v, 274for warriors, i, 80reference to introduction of, i, 145song of, Chippewa, v, 563-564spread of, rv, 115
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 55Corn (maize, Zea maize)?Continuedsupplied to Jamestown colony, n.29tribes cultivating, v, 108; vi, 34,128See also Agriculture ; Cornfields ;Corn planting; Garden beds.Corn cracker, illustration of, i, 88Cornds, Bob, chief of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Cornelius, a Tuolumne chief, iv, 407Cornfields, protection of, by menstruat-ing women, v, 70illustration showing protection of,in, 63; v, 70Corn House, an Upper Creek town, iv,578Corn Island, erection of fort on, vi, 302Cornplanter, Chief, at Canandaiguacouncil, vi, 326location of band of, hi, 288peace mission of, v, 668Senecas led by, vi, 314Corn planting, ceremony connectedwith, vi, 627marked by human sacrifice, iv, 50
;
vi, 496Cornstalk, Chief, iv, 614, 626battle led by, vi, 266Cornwallis, Capt, vi, 143Coroados of Brazil, stature of, n, 318Coronado, Francisco Vasquez, countrycovered by, iv, 30discussion of route of, iv, 32-40expedition of, in, 308-309; iv,23-32; vi, 69-71, 743failure, iv, 31limits reached by, v, 107natives robbed by, iv, 27route, rv, 32?40map of, iv, 39sheep introduced by, vi, 616Cortereals, i, 134Cortez, in, 23at Lake Tezcoco, v, 96conquests, in, 27 ; iv, 21-22exaggeration attributed to, i, 46Mexico invaded by, vi, 743Narvaez defeated by, in, 28reference to invasion by, v, 62Cosa, a synonym of Coosa (q. v.), n, 34
Coshattas (Coshattees, Coshatties), in,524country occupied by, in, 585, 599population, in, 585, 596See also Koasati.Coshattees, Coshatties. See Coshattas.Cosmogony, Iroquoian, vi, 666-670See also Creation myths.Cosninas, map showing location, in, 96
;
iv, 24Costanoes, disappearance, vi, 710vocabulary of language, n, 494-505notes to, ii, 506Costumes, Comanche, i, 234for dances, iv, 74, 77illustrated, in, 217for Giant's dance, in, 4S7Moqui dancers', described, iv, 83-S4illustrated, iv, 74of California Indians, v, 649of California warriors, in, 216of Chippewa woman, illustrated, v,147of Comanche warrior, i, 235of Dacotah warriors, iv, 63of Pueblo dancers, iv, 79of Winnebago warriors, iv, 53-54of Yankton chief, described, in, 67See also Clothing; Hairdressing
;
Headdress; Ornaments.Cosulhentan (Cosutheutun), census, v,492location, vi, 702population, vi, 702Cosutheutun. See Cosulhentan.Cotch er e marthla, a Creek chief, iv,576Coteau des Prairie, Indian quarry at,iv, 143Cotonay, cranial measurements, n, 335See also Kutenai.Cotton, blankets of, in New Mexico, n,28extent of cultivation, i, 80fabrics, manufactured by Moquisand Pimos, iv, 33observed by Columbus, v, 28possessed by Tusayans, iv, 25,33plant, spread of, iv, 115trend of migration shown by,iv, 115, 132
56 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Cotton?Continuedproduction, among Choctaws, vi,526taxes paid in, iv, 444use in West Indies, iv, 443Cotton, John, missionary work of, vi,734, 735, 736Couch, Rev. E., school conducted by, v,694Couexes, vi, 74Council Bluffs agency, condition of In-dians at, iv, 465-466Council-fire, Onondaga, story of origin,in, 314-317Councilman, office of, i, 194Councils, at Clear Lake, in, 106, 108,109authority of, i, 194, 275calling of, i, 193, 277crime punished by, n, 183functions among the Comanches, I,231manner of conducting, n, 130, 183
;
iv, 342procedure in, i, 276, 311Counting, method of, n, 178See also Numeral system ; Numera-tion.Cour d'Alenes, Cour d'Aliens. SeeCoeur d'Alene.Courtship, Creek customs, v, 268Couse root, preparation for food, v,656Coutaria, classification, in, 402See also Kutenai,Coutenay. See Cootenays.Coutts, Lt? rr, 107Cow-e-litz. See Cowlitz.Cow e ta, Cowetas (town), v, 254a Lower Creek town, iv, 578 ; v, 262chiefs of, iv, 579Oglethorpe's conference at, v, 278Cowetas (tribe), vi, 376at battle at Attasee, vi, 368attitude in Creek war, vi, 369, 376emigration to land of, v, 259relations with Five Nations, ni,186See also Caouitas; Canitas.Cowe-wa-chin, location, rv, 598mention of language, rv, 600
Cowichan. See Cowe-wa-chin.Cowlitz (Cow-e-litz), in, 632; vi, 686,703and Upper Chihalis, location, v,490; vi, 703merger, v, 703population, v, 490 ; vi, 703classification, in, 402location, iv, 599 ; v, 703maps showing, ni, 96, 200mention of language of, rv, 600Oregon tribe, v, 577population, i, 521; iv, 599; v, 705;vi, 686, 701Cowlitz River, tribes on, vi, 703Cow-ye-ka, a Lower Creek town, iv, 578Cox, Col., death of, vi, 288Coxcox, v, 102the Toltec god, v, 63Coxe, Ross, ii, 29Coyateros. See Coyoteros.Coyle, Wyat C, marauding activitiesof, iv, 593Coyotens. See Coyoteros.Coyotero Apaches, map showing loca-tion of, iv, 24Coyoteros (Coyateros, Coyotens), anApache division, iv, 216; v, 203,689mention of dialect of, v, 203travelers attacked by, nv, 82See also Gilands; Kiataws.Coytmore, Lt., death of, vi, 239Cradleboard, Blackfeet, description of,v, 182Cradles, carving on, iv, 72description of, n, 66-67illustrations of, n, 69Navajo, described, iv, 435illustrated, iv, 74object in construction of, n, 513Crafts. See Arts and crafts; Handi-crafts.Craig, Win., information obtained from,v, 652Crane, The, treaty signed by, vi, 344See also Tarhe.Cranes, domesticated by the Congarees,iv, 157hunters attacked by, iv, 103
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 57Crania, iv, 350-351classification based on, vi, 573-574internal capacity, n, 332-335measurements, n, 330See also Cranial capacity ; Skulls.Cranial capacity, in relation to intellect,v, 243-244Iroquois, m, 250Mandan, in, 250See also Cranial measurements;Mental capacity.Cranial measurements, u, 331-335table of, H, 335See also Cranial capacity.Craven, Governor, rv, 159Crawford, Col., death of, at the stake,v, 139sacrificed by Indians, iv, 51Crawford, Mr., prominent trader atPrairie du Cliien, m, 279Crawford, Wm. H., letter from, regard-ing Indian lands, n, 581letter to, regarding Indian lands, n,582-583Crawford Seminary, closing of, iv, 592Creation, belief concerning, ui, 276Indian conception of, iv, 664of Negro, Indian version, iv, 229representative deities of, in, 327Creation myths. See Origin traditions.Creator, Indian belief in, vi, 572Cree Indians, vi, 686, 695also called Kenistenos, v, 41census, vi, 556conquests, vi, 33effect of smallpox on, vi, 486French name for Kenistenos, v, 145included in Algonquin group, n, 36language, n, 341location, in, 593 ; vi, 556, 705meaning of name, v, 40migration, n, 27none in United States, I, 523not an independent tribe, v, 40population, in, 593, 609 ; vi, 686, 695,705See also Cristeneaux; Kenistenos;Knistenaux.Creek and Seminole wars, estimatedcost of, v, 500
Creek Confederacy, languages, in, 596-597loose organization of, vi, 199tribes composing, m, 401, 404Creek country, description, v, 258-259map of, v, 253size, v, 258Creek Indians (Creeks), vi, 686account of, I, 265-283activities in war, v, 279, 281agriculture among, vi, 532and Seminoles, acres owned by, vi,519amalgamation, iv, 574annuities of, n, 584, 585 ; vi, 533antiquities of, v, 100Appalachian tribe, m, 29appropriations for, n, 564arts and manufactures among, v,691-693at battle of Mauvila, in, 44attack on fort at Tensaw, vi, 362on Wayne's army, vi, 319attendance at missions, v, 698attitude toward debts, i, 283boundaries, settlement of, vi, 455western, v, 257Busk ceremony of, vi, 631census, iv, 575-581 ; v, 504 ; vi, 690ceremonies, v, 264-268 ; vi, 631change in life, i, 279chiefs, list of, iv, 575-576Colonization, plan for, vi, 412difficulties with regarding, vi,416-419condition, after removal, vi, 522,532-535general, vi, 517conquests, vi, 365council, with Comanches, rv, 470defeat, by General Floyd, vi, 362description, v, 251-283divisions, vi, 332dwellings, v, 692eating habits, v, 274funds required for, n, 567-568government, v, 279-282, 504, 577;vi, 533green-corn dance, v, 685group including, i, 197head flattening among, n, 325hostilities with, vi, 365-374end of, vi, 374, 477-478
58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Creek Indians (Creeks)?Continuedillustration of house of, v, 394in Neosho colony, iv, 460influence of English on, v, 275intelligence, vi, 532intermarriage with Scotch, vi, 351lands, iv, 574ceded by, n, 602; vi, 445cessions of, law regarding, vi,417negotiations concerning,in, 575claimed by, in, 584purchased from, n, 594, 595,598. 599, 600language, ni, 596-597location, in, 40, 584, 596 ; v, 90 ; vi,704map showing, in, 96; vi, 519manners and customs, v, 272-283map of country occupied by, v, 253map showing colony of, iv, 180migrations, v, 100tradition, v, 98 ; vi, 186missionary work among, v, 698 ; vi,734, 736, 738, 739, 740name, origin of, vi, 333legal, proposed for, v, 49Snegotiations with, reference to, vi,409of Georgia, emigration, vi, 488opposition to schools, iv, 478origin, v, 259orphan, investments for, ir, 563population, i, 518, 522, 523; Hi,584, 596; iv, 574; v, 263, 483;vi, 369, 532, 686, 704, 708position in Revolutionary War, vi,295-298power, end of, 373progress, state of, v, 506public square of, v, 264-265relations with De Soto, in, 41with Whites, v, 278religious beliefs, v, 269-270removal, iv, 460, 484-485; vi, 479,497, 515-516condition after, vi, 522, 532-535opposition to, n, 417plans for, in, 578trouble regarding, v, 466-467voluntary, v, 450
Creek Indians (Creeks)?Continuedrevolt against double punishment,iv, 471-472secretive nature, i, 265skirmishes with, on St. John'sRiver, vi, 359-360slavery among, vi, 332social organization, i, 274-277statistics, fiscal, iv, 571; vi, 720,722, 723on lands of, n, 605stature, iv, 349disparity in, n, 318tattooing among, v, 216towns, v, 262list of, iv, 575, 576treaties made with, v, 499, 577 ; vi,332, 334, 365, 3S0, 402, 403, 417,41S-419tribes absorbed by, vi, 370composing, v, 260villages, v, 262war customs, v, 280war with, vi, 365-376Chickasaw, i, 311in South Carolina, vi, 185warriors, estimate of, in, 557; v,263See also Creeks, Lower ; Creeks,Upper ; Machecous ; Muskogees.Creek language, in, 596-597See also Muskogee language.Creek towns, list, v, 262population, vr, 333See also Creek towns, Lower ; Creektowns, Upper.Creek towns, Lower, census of, rv, 581list, iv, 578; v, 262location, v, 256Creek towns, Upper, census of, iv, 577index to, iv, 578list, iv, 578 ; v, 262Creek war, account of, vi, 365-376Creeks, Lower, allies of the English, v,278location of villages, v, 256population, v, 498relative condition, vi, 533Creeks, Upper, condition after removal,vi, 533-534population, v, 498relations with the French, v, 278
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 59Cremation, among Clear Lake Indians,in, 108, 112among the Five Nations, in, 193among the Tacullies, 1, 102ceremony described, iv, 225-226custom among Hindoos, v, 59not practiced by Dacotahs, iv, 66not practiced by Winnebago, iv, 55on the Pacific coast, v, 29practiced by California tribes, v,217practiced by Sacramento tribes, vi,710Cresap, Capt. Michael, account of lifeof, in, 340connection with Logan massacre,in, 56exploring party commanded by, vi,263-264part taken by, in Indian war, iv,622, 624, 625, 628-629Cresswicks, vi, 186Cretin, Rev. Joseph, missionary workof, v, 699Crime, Indian attitude toward, n, 131,193Indian conception of, n, 195See also Infanticide ; Murder
;
Theft ; Punishment ; Retaliation.Cristeneaux (Christinaux), country oc-cupied by, in, 559estimate of warriors, in, 556, 559totem, in, 556See also Cree Indians.Croatan, vi, S6association with lost colony, vi, 94explanation of name, v, 577location, vi, 92reference to colony at, i, 126Croghan, Col., in, 279 ; iv, 245defeat of army of, vi, 375Cromwell, Oliver, land granted by, v,675Crooks, Ramsay, catalogs of sales fur-nished by, vi, 726, 727, 728, 729,730Crookshanks, Dr. A., i, 84Cross, near Pisco, Peru, description of,v, 659Cross Sound Indians, census of, v, 489936706?54 5
Crow Indians, i, 219; vi, 686 698, 699bands, in, 630Blackfeet named by, v, 686called Minnetarees, in, 514census, vi, 556classification, ni, 402enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181of Mandans, in, 253general condition, vi, 696language, in, 630liquor not used by, vi, 696location, ni, 514, 595, 630; v, 494;vi, 556, 695, 705map showing, in, 96origin, story of, in, 251population, i, 257, 523; in, 595,630, 631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 686, 695, 696,705relation to Wattasoons, in, 251resemblance to Shoshonee, i, 217Shoshoni expelled by, v, 198skull, shape of, n, 317smallpox, effect of, i, 257 ; vi, 486escape from, in, 254wars of, reference to, i, 206See also Absarokas ; Upsarokas.Crow language, ni, 514distinct nature of, in, 630See also Upsaroka language.Crown Point, attempt to capture, vi,220English repulse at, vi, 226Crowne, Sir William, land granted to,v, 675Crow-wing River, Indian name for, n,157Crozat, M., ni, 355 ; vi, 185Crozet, reference to grant to, i, 137Crucibles, discovery of, iv, 171 ; vi, 610earthen, described, iv, 161-162supposed use by Indians, iv, 164Crystallization, in the north, i, 171Cube Hatcha, an Upper Creek town, iv,578Cuchans (Cushans), v, 214characteristics, n, 118facial painting of, n, 113honesty, n, 117population, n, 115Yuma division, n, 115See also Yuma.Cu-cu-pahs, Cucupas. See Cocopa.Culbertson, T. A., in, 250
60 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Cul Blanc, in, 3G0, 3G2death of, in, 363Culiacan, iv, 22, 23, 24, 32Spanish expedition at, vi, 69Culture, Indian, as observed by explor-ers, v, 107-109at time of discovery, v, 88-90See also Civilization.Culture heroes, absence, among the Da-cotah, in, 232Indian belief in, 1, 18See also Gods.Cumanches. See Comanches.Cumberland Gap, Indian fortificationat, iv, 134-135Cumberland River, ancient name of, vi,32brief description, in, 343productions of region, in, 344trade in region, in, 344Cumming, D. B., data by, on Cherokeemissions, iv, 5S8Cummings, Mr., U. S. Agent, vocabu-laries by, ii, 470Cum que kis, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 48SCum sha was, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Cunshewa. See Cum sha was.Cuneiform writing of Persia, i, 423Cunningham's Island, antiquities of, n,86-S7inscription on, in, 85-87Cupping, method used in, iv, 516operation of, iv, 242Curly Head, Chief, brief biography of,iv, 554Curry, Mr., charges made by, vi, 475Curry, Thomas, fur trade of, vi, 269Cuscarawaoc. See Huokarawaocks.Cusco monuments, conclusions drawnfrom, iv, 114Cushans. See Cuchans.Cush-eh-tah Indians, history of, i, 309See also Koasati.Cushhooks (Clishhooks), location, ni,572population, in, 572, 609Cushman, Rev. Mr., Indians praised by,ii, 25
Cushna language, vocabulary, n, 494-505, 506-508Cushnas, location, vi, 710population, vi, 710Cushook. See Cushhooks.Cusic, David, cited on mounds, iv, 137discussion of pamphlet by, i, 125historical sketches by, v, 631-646reference to work of, v, S6tradition recorded by, iv, 117Cusic, Nicholas, Tuscaroras representedby, vi, 326Cus se taw, a Lower Creek town, iv, 578chiefs of, iv, 579Cus se taw hajo, of Talladega Town,iv, 576Cus se taw mic co, a Cussetaw Townchief, iv, 579Cussitahs, a Lower Creek town, v, 262Custaloga, Delawares represented by,vi, 261, 262Customs. See Manners and Customs.See also Burial customs; Cere-monies ; Dances ; Feasts ; Fishingcustoms; Hunting customs; Mar-riage customs ; Menstrual cus-toms ; Mourning customs ; Nam-ing customs; Sacrifices; Warcustoms, etc. ; and also undertribal names.Cutifachiqui. See Cofatchequi.Cutler, Dr. Manasseh, iv, 131Cutssabnim (Cutsanim), location, in,572population, in, 572, 609 ; v, 706See also Yackima.Cutsanim. See Cutsahnim.Cutshamekin, a New England chief, v,231Cuttawas, a synonym of Catawbas (q.v.), in, 292Cutthewekasaw, treaty signed by, vi,344Cuvier, races classified by, iv, 355Cuzco, mention of temple at, v, 659Cypriano, a Tuolumne chief, iv, 407DDablon, Claude, missionary work of,v, 184, 648Dacota Indians, Dacotahs, Dacotas.See Dakota.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 61Dacota language(s). See Dakota lan-guage^).Dacotah potato, description of, iv, 68Indian name for, iv, 68Dade, MaJ., ambuscade and death of,vi, 216, 468, 469Dahcotas. See Dakotas.Dahlonega, gold found at, ni, 41Dahno-habe band, at Clear Lake coun-cil, ni, 109meaning of name, m, 110Dakota Indians (Dacotas, Dacotahs,Dahcotas, Dakotahs), iv, 686average size, rv, 349-350bands or villages, n, 168-169; vi,350beliefs, i, 33 ; n, 197-198brain cavity, n, 332brief account of, n, 37census, i, 498-507ceremony of, vr, 385illustrated, vi, 385Chippewa name for, in, 515classification, in, 402country occupied by, i, 137, 183,247; in, 612; vi, 34cranial capacity, v, 244 ; vi, 574cranial measurements, ii, 335customs, n, 168-199; m, 233-246;rv, 59-72De Soto in territory of, n, 34-35;vi, 66divisions, I, 498 ; ni, 612Dog Dance of, n, 79-80dwellings, n, 191-192education among, v, 695-697encampment, illustrated, n, 190enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181ethnic group, n, 343fabric made by, iv, 139food, reference to, i, 41generic stock, n, 33 ; vr, 34geographical position, i, 498Giant feast and dance of, nr, 487-488 ; rv, 64gods of, discussed, n, 224 ; m, 485-487illustrated, in, 485history, i, 247-248 ; n, 168-199hunting customs, n, 185-186known by moccasins, nr, 66leading men, ni, 612
Dakota Indians?Continuedlegend of, i, 329-332manners, n, 168-199; m, 233-246;rv, 59-72map of country, n, 137map showing location, n, 28, 137;ra, 96medical knowledge, rv, 492 ; vi, 631-632medical practices, n, 179-182medicine men, rv, 641-651migration tradition, i, 247-248missionary work among, vr, 738,739mythology, nr, 231-233 ; vi, 648-657name, meaning of, i, 24S ; n, 170numeral system, n, 178; v, 244of the Mississippi, described, i, 247-256of the river, ruler of, vr, 386Ojibwa opinion of, n, 156picture writing among, i, 338population, i, 498, 523 ; n, 170 ; in,612, 614 ; vi, 275pressure on, by Algonquins, I, 259religion and mythology, in, 225-233; vi, 648-657sale of lands of, iv, 485Scalp dance, illustrated, n, 63; n,65sun worship among, vi, 629superstitious observances of, iv,495-496supreme deity of, in, 511synonymous with Sioux, ii, 168term used for Siouan family, n,37, 168three grand divisions, i, 248tribes composing, n, 37 ; vi, 34union among, vi, 199village of, illustrated, n, 192war customs, ii, 57-58war-shirt, illustrated, in, 67winter cap, illustrated, in, 68See also Aboinug ; La Sue ; Sioux
;
Soos.Dakota (Dacota, Dacotah, Dakotah)language (s), v, 696deficiencies of, v, 696geographical names in, with deriva-tion, rv, 384Lord's Prayer in, v, 592
62 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Dakota?Continuedpublications in, iv, 546-551similarity in dialects of, n, 170use of the term, u, 37vocabulary (numerals), n, 206-208Dakotahs. See Dakota Indians.Dalles Indians, location, v, 490 ; vi, 700population, v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; vi,700Dalton, Capt, fraud perpetrated by, v,276D'Allyon. See Vasquez D'Allyon.D'Alva, Ferdinand, i, 21Dalzell, Capt., at seige of Detroit, n,241, 304, 305, 306 ; vx, 247death of, vi, 247defeated by Pontiac, vi, 287Danaus, reference to collyzium of, iv,511Dancers, Moqui, illustration showing, iv,74See also Costumes, Dances.Dances, Arrow, described, iv, 80Beggar's, illustrated, in, 62object of, in, 62costumes for, in, 217, 487; iv, 74,77, 79, 83-84Dog, of the Dakota, ii, 79-80of Seneca and Shawnee, iv, 591Fish, iv, 64funeral, briefly described, in, 286Giant's, described, in, 487-488; iv,64illustrated, in, 487, 48SGreen Corn, in, 89 ; v, 685Hawk-feast, v, 215magical, of Ontonagons, in, 488-491illustrated, in, 4S9Medicine, in, 286-288; iv, 63illustrated, m, 286Moon, iv, 63-64Moqui, at Christmas, rv, 74-75of Creeks, v, 277of Dakotahs, n, 79-80 ; in, 487-488
;
rv, 63-64of deprecation, described, v, 215of honor, brief account of, in, 217of peace and plenty, v, 215Peace, described, in, 173Pipe, Winnebago, in, 286puberty, description, v, 215Rain, of Moqui, iv, 83-85
Dances?Continuedreligious, of California tribes, v,214-215Round, iv, 63Scalp, described, in, 285 ; iv, 63illustrated, vi, 65Sun, iv, 63to the moon, iv, 63-64Victory, iv, 79-80 ; v, 215war, described, in, 187, 285 ; iv, 52,62,63Dancing, among the Winnebago, m,284-286manner of, in, 286; iv, 74Danforth, Dr., inscription copied by, iv,119Daniel and Brebeuf, deaths of, v, 647mission established by, v, 647Darke, Col., charge under command of,vi, 336Dart, Anson, report by, on population,m, 632Dart, Dr., population estimated by, v,707; vi, 700Dartmouth College, founding of, v, 519Dasamonqupeuc. See Dessamopeak.Davies, Col., death of, vi, 355Davis, Col. S. B., m, 383Davis, Dr., altar-mounds investigatedby, i, 73Davis, Lt. Alonzo, in, 376Davis, E. H., reference to work of, i, 47Davis, Rev. Solomon, work of, iv, 527-528Davy, Sir Humphrey, rv, 504Dawson, Senator, of Georgia, Indianlegislation discussed by, v, 466-467D'Allyon, Father Joseph de la Roche,Neuters visited by, iv, 205D'Allyon, Vasquez, encounter of, withChicora Indians, vi, 743mention of failure of, v, 410Dead, respect for, i, 354-355 ; n, 70, 196
;
v, 92, 105 ; vi, 619See also Death; Burials; Burialcustoms.Deagothee, Loochoo (Degothees), lan-guage, in, 542population, n, 28Dean, James, paper by, vi, 666-670Dean's Canal, Indians living on, v, 487
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 63Death, customs concerning, n, 67-71Indian attitude toward, iv, 638 ; v,81See also Burial customs; Graves;Mourning customs.Death-song, paraphrase of, vi, 621words, n, 62De Bruhl, Jesse, iv, 160De Bry, n, 23Debt, Indian attitude toward, n, 195De Chutes. See Des Chutes.Decimal system, use of, by Indians, v,244Decline of Indian tribes, causes of, vi,561-575Decoign, earthworks explained by, v,116Decoration, of Florida pottery, in, 79-81of pottery, illustrated, in, 80See also Costumes ; Ornaments ; Or-namentation.De Corrie and Tshoop, rulers of theWinnebagoes, vi, 386Deep Creek, peculiarity of, v, 202Deer hunting, n, 53-54range, i, 433Deerfield, Mass., Indian attack on, vi,159Deforest and Abbot, mention of murderof, i, 217Deformation. Bee Head deformation.Degothees. See Deagothee Loochoo.De Guzman, Nuno, search of, for Cibola,iv, 22De Harley, A., statistics furnished by,v, 700De Hass, Dr. Wills, i, 122 ; v, 34Deiskau, Count de, vi, 287battle led by, vi, 220Deities, dual, belief in, v, 31, 69of oriental nations, v, 406See also Gods.Deity, belief in duality of, m, 60Choctaw name for, v, 72Dacota name for, v, 72Indian attitude toward, v, 30Indian conception of, iv, 635, 638;v, 393Indian words for, in, 511 ; iv, 526,527, 530, 531, 540, 551Iroquois name for, v, 72
Deity?Continuedthe world declined in Chippewalanguage, v, 416See also Monedo.Dejean, missionary, iv, 538Dekanefora, Chief, in, 519; v, 523De la Barre, Gov. Gen., rv, 627 ; v, 671De Laet, theory of, regarding Indians,v, 51De Lancey, Lt. Gov., quotation fromletter by, vi, 222Delaware [State], population and area,iv, 610Delaware language, n, 36Algonquin dialect, n, 341richness and variety of, n, 357-358publications in, iv, 540-541vocabulary, n, 470-481; m, 424-427Delaware Loups, estimate of warriorsof, in, 555Delaware mission, data on, iv, 588Delaware River, Indian name for, v,593Indians on, vr, 177origin of name, v, 136tribes of region of, v, 38Delawares, v, 147 ; vi, 132, 133, 430, 687affiliations, iv, 621Allegans overpowered by, v, 98alliance with Iroquois, v, 136also called Munsees, v, 41and Munsees, brief account of, in,561population, vi, 275warriors, in, 561and others, battle with, vi, 266and Shawnees, population, vi, 70Sannuities of, n, 585, 586, 588, 5S9appropriation for, n, 564at Braddock's defeat, vr, 217, 218at council with Sir William John-son, vi, 233attack on, by Sioux, vi, 543attitude toward the colonies, vi,242census, i, 4S8^t97 ; in, 621-628classification, in, 401 ; v, 136conquest by Iroquois, in, 74converts to Christianity, vi, 317-318
64 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Delawares?Continuedcountry occupied by, i, 488 ; in, 559,583, 585, 592 ; iv, 461 ; v, 38, 122,135, 140, 142, 495, 669; vi, 705dialect of, reference to, in, 96dwelling grounds, vi, 714expulsion from Chicomico, vi, 299from Pennsylvania, vi, 236-237forays on colonists, vi, 219French name for, v, 136funds required for, n, 568general condition, iv, 466history, v, 135-142home of, original, v, 495hunting grounds, vr, 714in Kentucky, i, 300included in Christian Indians, v,506intruders in Texas, i, 240investments for, n, 563lands, iv, 572ceded by, n, 602, 603, 604 ; vi,445claimed by, ni, 583, 585conveyed permanently to, v,457disposal of, v, 496loss of, ni, 342-343purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600loss of territory of, ni, 342-343map showing location of, ni, 96;iv, 180; vi, 519massacre of, at Gnadenhutten, vi,299, 317-318migrations, rv, 2S0; v, 122, 140;vi, 197, 316, 317mission founded among, v, 503missionary work among, vi, 734,736, 737, 738, 739mission church of, v, 698Moravian, massacre by Whites, v,139Moravian, misconception regarding,vi, 316-317name, for themselves, vi, 573origin of, v, 136other names for, v, 41neutrality misunderstood, v, 138,139origin tradition, v, 683outrages by, mention of, v, 527peace made by, v, 139
Delawares?Continuedpeace sought by, vi, 254, 259, 260,261, 343population, I, 518, 523 ; in, 424, 583,585, 592, 609, 610, 635 ; iv, 572 ; v,140, 142, 495, 708; vi, 271, 272,687, 699, 705, 714rank among tribes, i, 268 ; v, 136relation to Shawnees, vi, 278removal, in, 74 ; iv, 460 ; v, 142, 495
;
vi, 516, 536condition after, vi, 481, 542, 544plans for, in, 254, 259, 260, 261,343stand taken by, in RevolutionaryWar, vi, 277, 281, 293, 295, 299-301standing among tribes, i, 268; v,136statistics, fiscal, vi, 720, 721, 722,723on land of, n, 605, 606subjection of, to Iroquois, iv, 616,620-621 ; v, 137synopsis of treaty with, v, 496territory of, loss ni, 342-343map showing location, in, 96;iv, 180 ; vi, 519treaty made with, v, 499; vi, 303,327, 330, 334statement of, v, 497tribes joining, on Kanzas River, vi,504warriors, number of, ni, 555, 559;iv, 605 ; vi, 261, 271war with, beginning, vi, 264See also Lenape Indians.De Legneris, commander at Fort Du-Quesne, vi, 227De Leon, Ponce. See Leon, Ponce deDe Levi, vi, 234Del Monte Atlamaxaczingo, a Mexicansettlement, in, 542De Louvigney, Outagamies defeated by,vi, 194Delre, Pierre, vi, 79Deluge, the Algonquin tradition of, vi,571-572Aztec version, vi, 638Indian belief in, i, 17 ; iv, 230, 231
;
v, 173 ; vi, 571Indian traditions of, v, 31, 687Iowa tradition of, in, 263
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 65Deluge?ContinuedIroquois version, VI, 670South American tradition of, v, 63Demere, commander at Fort Loudon, vi,241Demon worship, noted by early writers,v, 107Demonology, iv, 489-497 ; v, 415-441See also Witchcraft.Demons, beliefs concerning, iv, 100; v,76-77, 408Dencke, C. F., translation by, iv, 540De Niger, Pit, iv, 341Denis, Jean, chart published by, vr, 48De Niza, Marcos, explorations of, vi, 69Dennison, Capt, at Eel River, in, 132Denonvillee, Gov., relations of, with SixNations, v, 522-523repelled by Iroquois, vi, 190Deonoyers, information carried by, n,254De-o-se-o-wa, meaning of name, iv, 563Seneca name for Buffalo, N. Y., iv,563De Pauw, opinion of, regarding Indiantribes, in, 55Depopulation, causes of, i, 202 ; n, 95,172See also under Population.Descent, among the Iroquois, iv, 619matrilineal, i, 275 ; in, 195 ; iv, 4S1,666 ; vi, 627of chiefs, iv, 666 ; v, 73, 273of property, i, 283See also Heredity.Des Chutes (De Chutes) , vi, 686census, v, 493location, v, 493population, i, 521; in, 632; v, 706,707 ; vi, 686, 700, 701Des Chutes (Dachutes) River, investi-gations on, v, 101valley of, described, i, 221-222Designs, in dental pictography, vi, 631pottery, in, 79-81pottery, illustrated, in, 80See also Decoration.De Solis, reference to history of, v, 88De Soto, Hernando (Ferdinand), H, 32army of, vi, 59at Tampa Bay, illustration of, ni,35attitude toward antiquities, v, 108
De Soto, Hernando?Continuedcause of hostility to, in, 26Creek opposition to, vi, 369death and burial of, in, 49 ; vi, 67,743defeated by Indians, v, 410difficulties encountered by, iv, 309discovery of the Mississippi by, vi,743earthworks attributed to, vr, 602expedition of, i, 134 ; n, 21, 34-35
;
in, 33-50; iv, 29-30; v, 646; vi,58-68, 743forces commanded by, in, 34hogs introduced by, vi, 616mounds erroneously attributed to,iv, 132northern limit reached by, iv, 132,321place of death, in, 50route of, discussed, in, 50map of, in, 50sun worship found by, v, 63tour of region traversed by, iv, 278-324with Pizarro in Peru, in, 33-34Dessamopeak Indians, colony attackedby, vi, 93hostilities with, vi, 92Detius, reference to works of, iv, 510-511Detroit, attack on, by Outagamies, vi,193change of garrison at, vi, 344fort at, described, in, 334founding of, vi, 183, 185, 197in 1S20, description of, vi, 382reference to post at, v, 108siege of, by Pontiac, vi, 243-245surrender of, vi, 234, 359See also Fort Detroit.Detroit Chippewas, census of, i, 458-467Detroit River, former application ofthe name, vi, 256Indian name for, v, 594Indians on, vi, 275Detroit, Straits of, repossessed by theFrench, vi, 197tribes on, vi, 33Detsanayuka. See No-ko-nies.
66 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152De Vaca, Caba, exaggerated tales of,vi, 58-59expeditions influenced by, vi, 69wanderings of, in, 33See also Cabega de Vaca (Caba deVaca).Diahago, tribes living at, vi, 714Dialects, of the Muskogees, i, 268Oneida, dual in, iv, 117Onondaga, dual in, iv, 117origin of, n, 47See also Languages.Dianderoga, church founded at, v, 513Diarrhea, treatment for, rv, 512Diaz del Castillo, Bernal, reference tojournal of, v, 88reference to works of, vr, 577Diaz, Melchior, exploration led by, iv,3SDickenson, Dr., reference to work of,I, 47Dictionary, English-Chippewa [through
"A"], v, 565-569Dieguenos. See Diegunos.Diegunos, brief description of, n, 100population, ii, 100Spanish mission among, v, 214, 216vocabulary, n, 103-104Digger Indians, account of, v, 198-199bands composing, v, 199condition, i, 206country occupied by bands of, v,201cremation practiced by, vr, 634eastern boundary of, i, 220food, i, 221population, v, 498synonym of Shoshonee, i, 206Dighton Rock, i, 412 ; v, 85ballista, representation, i, 284description, i, 110-111illustration of, i, 114 ; iv, 120location, i, 110referred to, by Cotton Mather, i,285-286sun symbols on, v, 64 ; vr, 629symbols of sun-worship on, v, 30two inscriptions on, i, 111See also Dighton Rock inscription.Dighton Rock inscription (Assonetinscription), i, 108-120; iv, 119-120 ; vi, 113-114, 609
Dighton Rock inscription?Continueddetail of, i, 119fallacy concerning, rv, 117possibly Chippewa, i, 304Dighton Rock League, vr, 166Dillenbach, Martin, iv, 341Dinwiddie, Gov., in, 294 ; vr, 215mission dispatched by, vr, 213Dionderoga, meaning of name, rn, 328Dionondades. See Tionontates.Discoidal stones, description of, i, 83;iv, 161, 163illustration of, i, 86 ; vi, 312, 313use in games, i, 82-S3Diseases, and remedies, Creek, v, 270-271beliefs concerning, i, 250 ; iv, 491-492, 507-508; vi, 634inflicted as punishment, rv, 650introduction, by Whites, in, 202traceable to civilization, iv, 503-504treatment of, Dacota, i, 250-255treatment of, in the Dark Ages, iv,508-511See also Medical practices; Medi-cine men ; Plants, medicinal ; andunder separate names of diseases.Disintegration, action of, exemplified inLake Superior, i, 167Distaff. See Spindle.Distance, Indian ideas concerning, vi,208District of Columbia, population andarea of, iv, 610Ditsakana. See Yamparacks.Divorce, among the Dacotah, in, 240among the Moquis, iv, 87See also Marriage customs.Dixon, Col. Robert, m, 279Doaksville, description of village of, vr,527Doctor, Indian, concocting medicine, il-lustration showing, v, 446ceremony of qualification for, vr,633Dakotah, influence and methods of,vi, 655-657unsuccessful, attitude toward, vi,622See also Medicine man.Dodge, and others, census taken by, v,668
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 67Dodge, Gov., ni, 281Dodge, Gen. Henry, treaty concludedby, vi, 483Dodge, John, Canadian posts describedby, in, 334Dodge, Col. S., assistance rendered by,vi, 454Dog dance, Dacota, described, n, 79-80illustrated, n, 80object of, n, 80of Senecas and Shawnees, iv, 591Dog-ribs (Dog-ribbed tribes), an Atha-pascan tribe, m, 542beard, n, 322population, n, 27Dog Warrior, chief of the Natchez, v,263Dogs, as an offering at feasts, v, 439-440eating of flesh of, in, 187, 287legend of origin, v, 193sacrifice, iv, 591; v, 56by war-party, iv, 52See also White Dog sacrifice.Dolores Mission, date of founding, n,506tribes of, n, 506Domaigaia, a captive Iroquois, vi, 54,55Domestic animals. See Animals.Domestic Mission Board Southern Bap-tist Convention, data on missionsof, vi, 740Doniphan (Donophan) Col. A. W., ex-pedition led by, i, 246; m, 297;iv, 40, 209Donnaconna, Chief, v, 76; vi, 200meeting with the French, vi, 56statement made by, i, 134-135D'Orbigny, M. Aleide [Alcide Dessa-lines], cited on head-flattening,n, 327mention of researches of, n, 328Dorimns, Rev. J. E. C, acknowledg-ment to, in, 376Doty, Mr., population estimated by, vr,698, 699Dougherty, Mr., m, 391Dougherty, Rev. Peter, in, 376, 384vocabulary by, n, 458work of, iv, 533, 534
Douglas, Capt., reference to work of,i, 143; vi, 390Douglas, Gov., rv, 602Doyle, Winchester, land assigned to, iv,581Drake, Dr., i, 184Drake, Sir Francis, n, 22.colonists rescued by, vi, 86-87colony relieved by, vi, 92reference to voyage of, vi, 510Draper, Lyman, iv, 133Drawings, Indian, showing operationsof war-chief, iv, 495showing contest between two gods,iv, 496Dreams, belief in, n, 144; vi, 660influence of, vi, 664means of inducing, vi, 664reliance on, rv, 52, 638Drennan, John, vocabulary transmittedby, ii, 204Dress. See Clothing.Dropsy, treatment for, iv, 512Druids, extermination of, v, 34Drummond Island Band, census of, i,458-467Drums, description of, rv, 71illustration of, n, 514Lapland, described, i, 425^26Moqui, description of, iv, 74Drunkenness. See Intoxication.Dryads, Indian belief in, vi, 629-630Duane, James, v, 663Dubois, Barent, in, 90Dubuque, mention of mines of, vi, 384Ducoign, Baptiste, earthworks ex-plained by, rv, 135, 136Kaskaskia chief, cited, vi, 600Dudley, Col., ni, 279defeat of troops under, vi, 362Dudley, Indians at, i, 287Duffield, Rev. George, coin describedby, iv, 149Dukes, Joseph, translation by, rv, 545Dunmore, Lord, iv, 622campaign against the Indians, iv,615fraud aided by, v, 275mention of treaty made by, vi, 328military expedition of, vi, 263-266Duperru, Mr., mention of, in, 12Q
68 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Duponceau, Peter S., acknowledg-ment to, ii, 357reference to manuscripts of, in,398translations made by, n, 341, 358Dupuis of Maskinong?, member of ex-pedition, in, 353Durbin, report on missions signed by,v, 700Durkee, Mr., owner of ferry, in, 145,147Dusenbury, Moses, in, 165Dusty-nose, a name for the Iowas, m,262Dutch, the, Indian trade with, vi, 189Dwamish (Dwa-mish) Indians, bandsof, v, 703location, v, 491, 703; vi, 703population, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703See also Nee-wa-mish.Dwamish Lake, Indians on, vi, 703Dwellings, bark, n, 191-192illustration of, n, 192Creek, v, 692-693illustration of, v, 394Dacota, described, n, 191-192illustrated, n, 190, 192extremes of art in, v, 394fixed, northern boundary of, iv,662in Peru and Mexico, v, 89, 94-95of caciques or chiefs, n, 83-84of California tribes, v, 216, 649of Massachusetts Indians, i, 284of Navajo, iv, 217 ; v, 204of Onontagers, iv, 340of Sacramento Valley tribes, vi,710of southwestern Texas Indians,v, 682of Toltecs and Aztecs, i, 50-51on mounds, n, 83-84; iv, 124-125,134Peruvian, construction of, v, 95Pueblo, described, iv, 76, 82stone, in New Mexico, n, 26work of women, i, 46See also Earth lodge ; Lodge
;
Wigwams.Dwight, Presbyterian station at, iv, 5S9Dyer, Col., at battle at Talladega, vi,367Dyes, making of, iv, 69
Dyosyowan. See De-o-se-o-wa.Dysentery, treatment for, iv, 512Dyspepsia, among Indians, iv, 512EEagle, the brig, wreck of, iv, 601, 602Eagle feathers. See Feathers, eagle.Eakin (s) , D. W., ni, 404assistance rendered by, i, 265Ear ornaments, illustrations of, in, 69Ear piercing, ceremony of, in, 239Earth, the, beliefs concerning, in, 276
;
iv, 236 ; v, 419-420Earthenware. See Pottery.Earth lodge, construction of, vi, 710Earthquake, at Three Wells, n, 109experienced by Iowas, in, 264Earthworks, approximate period of, iv,174at Lake Vieux Desert, n, 91built by the Creeks, v, 100Cunningham's Island, described, n,87Indian traditions concerning, iv,135in valley of the Yakama [Yakima],v, 665lack of, in Pacific Coast States, v,101, 663length, iv, 134migrations traced by, v, 100Mississippi, Indian explanation of,v, 116of Little Miami valley, explained,iv, 127of Mississippi tribes described, v,100on Wolf River, in, 274on Yakama [Yakima] River, vi,612-613opinion regarding, of early explor-ers, v, 108reputed, on the Des Chutes, v, 663-664symbolism in, iv, 664Teton, map of, v, 100theory concerning builders of, vi,601, 602unexplained by the Iowas, in, 264used in Indian warfare, v, 98varied purposes of, iv, 126See also Causeways ; Fortifications
;
Mounds.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 69Eas tee char co chop ho, a CussetawTown chief, iv, 579Eastman, Capt. S., i, 122, 185; v, 666,667drawings made by, iv, 152engraving by, iv, 121inscription copied by, iv, 173maps and sketches by, n, 86paper by, iv, 495-496pictographs preserved by, iv, 492sketch prepared by, in, 70Easton, Peter, extract from diary of,iv, 154Eating habits, Creek, v, 274Eaton, J. H., tribes described by, iv, 216Eaton, Lt. Col., remarks on the Apache,v, 203Eaton, Ma;}., Navajo population esti-mated by, v, 484Eaton, Secretary of War, views of,quoted, vi, 427Eccanachaca town, attack on, vi, 368Echeloot (Eskeloot) , location, in, 570population, in, 570, 609; v, 706See also Nishrams ; Tilhualwits.Echota, missionary work at, vi, 740Echuse-is-li-gau, meaning of name, iv,380
"Eclipse" vessel chartered by HumboldtBay settlers, in, 131Eclipses, Indian beliefs concerning, i,271 ; iv, 239 ; v, 216, 254Ecumchate, derivation of name, rv, 3S0Ecunhutlee, derivation of name, iv, 380Edchautawoot (Edshawtawoots), anAthapascan tribe, in, 542population, n, 27Education, and Christianity, statisticson, vi, 731-741discussion of annuities for, vi, 539-540examples of improvement through,vi, 566of Indian children, n, 50, 51; iv,462of Indians, in, 472-475 ; iv, 475-479in Oregon, in, 222mistake made in, vr, 553-554plans for, n, 526-537problem connected, with, vi,443statistics on, v, 502Edwards, Amory, iv, 490
Edwards, Gov., of Illinois, marchagainst Peoria, vi, 360Edwards, Jonathan, vi, 504accredited to Mahicans, v, 506Lord's Prayer translated by, v, 591missionary work of, v, 503 ; vi, 734,736reference to teachings of, vi, 321E-eh, a Scott's Valley band, iir, 171Eel River, Indian name for, in, 127Eel River Indians, vi, 6S7annuities of, n, 586, 589armistice granted to, vi, 364land claimed by, m, 584purchased from, n, 593, 599location, m, 584Miami band, in, 591plans for removal, ni, 576, 577population, in, 584See also Eel River Miamies.Eel River Miamies, funds required for,ii, 569lands ceded by, n, 603purchased from, n, 599statistics on, n, 605See also Eel River Indians.Eel River region, described, in, 128population, vi, 711Eenahs (Eenaghs), location, in, 139Ees tey toch, a tribe of Milbank Sound,v, 487census, v, 487E far e marth lar, a Cussetaw Townchief, iv, 579E far tus ke ne haw, a Coweta Townchief, iv, 579Egg of Ormusd, i, 35represented by Serpent Mound, i, 32symbolized in earthworks, iv, 664Egypt, date of exodus from, v, 88Egyptians, copper tools used by, i, 98hieroglyphic system of, i, 422Ehihalis, population, v, 490position, v, 490See also Chehalis.Eh-nek, a Quoratem band, in, 151Eh-nek language, extent of use, in, 422vocabulary, in, 440-445Eh-qua-nek, a Quoratem band, in, 151E kun duts ke, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Elder bark, medicinal use of, iv, 242
70 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Elder Brother, The, a Pillager chief, v,189Eld's inlet, Indians of, vi, 703population, v, 491Elements, worship of, v, 407Eliot, John, vi, 174at Pawtucket, v, 232-233effect of preaching of, vi, 115Lord's Prayer translated by, v, 591missionary labors, i, 286; v, 225,503 ; vi, 107, 516, 734, 736opposition to, iv, 640; vi, 321, 647
"Praying Indians" established by,v, 225work on Indian languages, i, 287;II, 355 ; iv, 530, 547 ; vi, 106, 107Elizabeth (s) Island, discovery, vi, 96naming, vi, 103-104Elizabeth River, tribe on, vi, 90Elk, range of, i, 433Elk Lake, supposed origin of the Mis-sissippi, I, 143Elk Mountains, tribe living on, v, 199Elk River, Indian name for, in, 131Indians of, vi, 702Elkhorn River, tribe on, vi, 546Elksatowa, Elksotawa, Elksottawa,Elksquatowa. See Elkswatawa.Elkswatawa (Elksatowa, Elksotawa,Elksottawa, Elksquatowa, Ells-kattawa, Elskatawa), I, 412; v,141brother of Tecumseh, vi, 354description, vi, 424doctrine of, v, 151influence, vi, 258, 259, 353-354, 358,374policies advocated by, vi, 354Shawnee migration led by, vi, 424speech made by, iv, 259-262speech on Shawnee migration, vi,424-425Winnebagoes influenced by, in, 279Elliot, Rev. Adam, vocabularies by, n,482Ellis, A. G., census report by, vi, 691Ellis, Thomas, inscription interpretedby, rv, 492Ellksattawa. See Elkswatawa.Elmira, N. Y., former name of, vi, 309Indian councils on site of, v, 667,670Indian name of, v, 669
El Moro. See Inscription Rock (NewMexico).El Paso Pueblo, vi, 687population, vi, 687Elskatawa. See Elkswatawa.El Turco (The Turk), death of, iv, 31Spaniards misled by, iv, 27-31, 36,37,40E mar he, an Upper Creek town, rv, 578E marth lar har jo, a Coweta Townchief, iv, 579E marth lar yoholo, of Che haw Town,iv, 576Emathla, Chief Charles, vr, 469Embalming, by Oregon Indians, v, 693discussion by Swan, vi, 622-623methods, Indian, need for study of,rv, 663Emerson, Judge, rv, 630Emigrants, attacks on, described, n, 134attack on, illustrated, n, 133difficulties faced by, iv, 618Emigration, of tribes, route of, in, 477,610of Whites, to the west, vi, 380Emmet, T. A., iv, 504Emmons, George Falconer, report of, onOregon and California Indians,in, 200Emmons, Lt., reference to journey of, v,101Emory (Maj., Lt. Col., Col.), W. H., rr,99pottery obtained by, in, 83-84vocabulary transmitted by, in, 404,460Emucfau, battle of, vi, 371-372, 379E-nagh-magh language, Pueblos speak-ing, v, 689Endurance, of Indians, discussion of, rv,349trials of, v, 59-60Eneeshur. See Eneshur.E ne har e marth lar, chief at Hitch etee, iv, 580E ne har tuske he ne haw, chief at Tolo-war thlocko, iv, 580E ne har tus tun nuck ee, chief at Eufau la, iv, 580Eneshur (Eneshure), location, m, 570population, in, 570, 609; v, 706Enetus, chief at Chetlessentan, vi, 702England. See British Government.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 71England, Rev. J., human sacrifice wit-nessed by, v, 59English, Indian relations with, v, 278;vi, 85-86, 89-93English language, value of, in civilizingIndians, in, 474-475Enotochopco, a Hillabee village, vi, 371battle of, vi, 371-372Ensenore, Chief, friend of the English,vi, 91Ensign, Indian, of feathers, described,m, 69illustrated, in, 62, 68Environment, customs affected by, v,80influence of, H, 47of Indian tribes, i, 133-188Eokoros, doubt concerning existence of,i, 137See also Arikara.Epidemics, on lower Columbia, i, 223See also Smallpox.Episcopal Church, work among Indians.See Protestant Episcopal Church.Equichonnonton, location, iv, 204Erasmus, theory regarding Indians, v,51Eric the Red, iv, 119Erickson, Lief, discoveries made by, vi,742Erie, derivation of name, iv, 382Erie inscription, in, 85-87illustration of, in, 84Erielhonons or Chats, iv, 207See also Eries.Eries, vi, 35, 687account of, n, 85-86 ; in, 86at Siege of Detroit, n, 301attitude of French toward, hi, 289called Cat Nation, vi, 148Catawbas identified as remnant of,in, 405classification, n, 343-344; v, 35-36conquered by Senecas, iv, 606disappearance, vi, 149driven off by Iroquois, in, 196, 199early position, v, 122extermination, iv, 197, 198, 199, 202,203 ; v, 647flight of remnant, iv, 203forts built by, v, 109government, iv, 198
Eries?Continuedhistory, observations on, in, 28S-292sketch of, rv, 197-203identified as Catawbas, in, 405 ; vi,149as Neutral Nation, iv, 198, 203identity, discussion of, iv, 197, 382language, iv, 198migration traced by Lewis Evans,v, 37name, comments on, in, 405 ; iv, 382neutrality, n, 344; rv, 198opinion concerning retirement, in,406population, iv, 198territory occupied by, in, 291-292;iv, 197-198war against, by Senecas, vi, 148by Wyandots and Iroquois, iv,198war with, reference to, vi, 219wars of, account of, iv, 200-203with Iroquois, in, 289-290; v,137See also Cat tribe ; Erigas.Erigas, classification, v, 37Jefferson's name for the Eries, v, 35temporary stay in Ohio Valley, v,41war waged on, by Five Nations, iv,382See also Eries.Ermitinger, Capt. Charles, Indian wifeof, ii, 161Erskines, location, vi, 710population, vi, 710Escalante, Juan Bautista de, ruins ex-amined by, ni, 301-302Eshkibogikozhi, a Pillager chief, v, 189Eshquagonabee's Band, census of, i,458-467Eskeloot. See Echeloot.Eskimaux. See Eskimos.Eskimos (Eskimaux, Esquimaux), in,558as occupants of Vinland, vi, 742boots of, described, in, 66illustrated, in, 65brief account of, n, 28color of hair, n, 322
72 BUREAU OP AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Eskimos?Continuedcountry inhabited by, iv, 559distinct from other tribes, v, 290linguistic family, in, 401map showing location, u, 28migration route, ii, 28physical characteristics, v, 291warred on by Athapascas, v, 176Eskini. See Erskines.Esopus, derivation of name, in, 75Esopus Indians, iv, 554Esopus Landing, illustration of, in, 75inscription at, in, 74Esquimaux. See Eskimos.Essanapes, doubt concerning existenceof, i, 137Estedillo, Don Jose Antonio, n, 101P^stevan, travels and death of, iv, 23 ; vi69Esther, Queen. See Queen Esther.Estimates, Indian Office, explanation of,n, 559-560, 578-580of funds required, n, 565-580Estufa, illustration showing, iv, 87use of, iv, 76, 87Etchareottine. See Edchautawoot.Etchemins (Etchemons), classificationof, in, 401Milicite name for themselves, v,674reference to language of, in, 512See also Amalecites ; Malecite.Etcheridiegottine. See Tsillawadoot.Etchowee, Cherokee town, vi, 241Eternity, Indian conception of, iv, 664Ethiopian race, branches of, iv, 356-357civilization, iv, 357heads described, iv, 356See also Negro.Ethnographical map of Indian tribes of1600, ii, 28Ethnology, North American, discussionof study of, iv, 659-661, 662-667preliminary remarks on, iv, 655-659sciences embraced in, iv, 659Ethrington, Ma;}., reference to, vr, 257Etymology, comparative, fallacious de-ductions of, vi, 391Etiquette of the Indians, iv, 342-345Euchee (Eu chee) , a Lower Creek town,iv, 578, 580; v, 262Euchee language, a Muskogee dialect, i,268
Euchees, v, 256cranial measurements, n, 335See also Uchees.Eu fau la, a Lower Creek town, rv, 578,580See also Ufala.Eufollahs, Maj. Dade ambuscaded by,vi, 469Euphorbia corollate, medicinal use of,I, 251Euquachee, census of, v, 493Euquatops, vr, 687and Muscaleros, population, vi, 708population, i, 518 ; vi, 687See also Mescaleors.Eutahs of New Mexico, population, v498See also Utahs.Eutaws, iv, 88See also Utahs.Evans, Rev. James, translations by, iv,535, 536Evans, W. W., Peruvian burials investi-gated by, v, 657-658Everett, Hon. Horace, report, on IndianAffairs, vi, 456Ewbank, Thomas, vi, 610cited on Indian art, iv, 138paper by, iv, 438-456Ewinte, a Utah division, vi, 697population of, vi, 697See also Uintea.Exchange, medium of, i, 84-85See also Trade.Executions, among the Creeks, i, 276Ex e ni nuth, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Exeter, former Indian name of, v, 228Expedition, M'Kee's, through north-western California, in, 99-177Expedition, Schoolcraft's, to sources ofthe Mississippi, vi, 384-385, 448,450, 451-452Expedition, trading, account, by Per-rault, in, 353-369Explorations, French, in America, i,134-137Pre-Columbian, i, 106-129Scandinavian, vr, 608Spanish, i, 133-134; n, 33-35See also Explorers.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 73Explorers, attitude of, toward Indianantiquities, v, 109early, dates of, i, 57-58See also under names of, as Colum-bus, De Soto, etc.Eyank-ton-wah, a division of the Siouxnation, n, 169See also Yanktonai.Eyeish. See Aiches; Aliche.Eyes, effect of head flattening on, n,325, 326of American Indians, n, 323of the Mandans, n, 321FFacial angle, Indian, compared withEuropean, iv, 351of American tribes, n, 317, 331of human race, variations in, iv,360See also Cranial measurements.Facial painting, Apache, v, 211Cuchans, n, 113dancers', iv, 79warriors', iv, 53, 63Factory system, abolition of, vi, 402Fair, Dr. Samuel, iv, 160Fairbanks, Mr., vocabulary by, n, 216Fairfield, Presbyterian station at, iv,589Fairies, belief in, v, 408; vi, 662Falbe, C. T., in, 76Fall Indians, country occupied by, in,251distinct from Sitkeas, in, 252identified as Minnetarees, in, 251mentioned as Atsinas, i, 437population, in, 251-252Fall River, Indians of, i, 2S7Fall River skeletons, in, 88discussions of, i, 127-129Falls of Montreal River, illustrationof, iv, 187Falls of St. Anthony, illustration show-ing, vi, 384Siouan name for, vi, 391Falls of the Ohio, description of, in,342Fallsmen, a synonym of Saulteurs, v,144False Dungeness, Indians of, vi, 703population, v, 491
Falsehood, Indian attitude toward, n,196Family, Indian, average size of, in, 95,211, 238; vi, 562discussion of, n, 48-49preservation of identity of, in, 242size affected by hardships, iv, 350Family life, description, n, 63-65; in,63-64, 235-237of the Kenistenos, v, 166unhappiness in, in, 480See also Children; Labor; Mar-riage customs; Polygamy.Famine, attitude toward, n, 64, 77Farmer's Brother, rv, 345, 563at Canandaigua council, vr, 326present at conference, v, 667Faroe Islands, explorers' visits to, vi,742Fasting, among the Dacotahs, in, 227legend concerning, n, 229object of, i, 113 ; v, 196puberty custom, v, 196 ; vi, 633religious ceremony of, vi, 660Feasts, at puberty dance, v, 215celebrated by Osage, rv, 274-275conduct at, n, 75customs connected with, in, 227;v, 168-171eating contest at, in, 227for juveniles, n, 76Giant, in, 487-488; rv, 64Iroquois, in, 187of dog's flesh, in, 187, 287of Mondamin, illustrated, vi, 385of the New Corn, in, 227rabbit, ceremonial, iv, 78to open hunting season, in, 61Winnebago initiation, ni, 287Feathers, eagle, ensign of, described,in, 69ensign of, illustrated, in, 62, 68headdresses of, illustrated, in, 68significance, iv, 53symbolism, n, 57-58illustrated, vi, 568value, ii, 57won in conflicts, n, 159worn as war honors, n, 178-179worn only by warriors, rv, 58Featherstonhaugh, criticism of, n, 99Featherwork of California Indians, v,649-650
74 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Fecundity, affected by hardships, iv, 350Feliz, Fernando, ranch of, in, 105Ferguson, Maj., death of, vi, 336Feuds, cause of, between clans, n, 171effect of, ii, 172Fevers, treatment for, iv, 511Ficklin, Joseph, letter by, i, 300-301Field, D. D., patriotic efforts of, v, 595Fighting men. See Warriors.Figurines from Tennessee caves ormounds, iv, 140Financial statements of Indian Office, ii,561-564Finley, James, fur trade of, vi, 269Fire, as a symbol of deity, i, 30-31ceremonies, v, 65-66making, i, 214 ; n, 13S ; in, 228, 465-466illustrated, in, 228new, kindled for feasts, m, 228newly made for ceremony, v, 66on newly made graves, v, 64sacred character of, v, 64-65use in shaping wood, i, 75-76used in mining, I, 97, 99See also Fire, perpetual; Fire,sacred ; Fire worship.Fire, perpetual, edifice devoted to, v, 68of Natchez, vi, 593, 627of "Pecas," mentioned, iv, 40symbolism discussed, n, 138 ; v, 67-68tradition on Lake Superior, v, 68-69Fire, sacred, an evidence of sun wor-ship, v, 63-64belief concerning, iv, 86lighting, i, 31of the Pueblos, iv, 76procurement, v, 65Fire Indians (Fire Nation), a name forthe Mascoutins, iv, 206, 244; v,191See also Little Prairie Indians.Fire Nation. See Fire Indians.Fire worship, found among the Natchez,vi, 197general discussion of, v, 63-68Indian origin indicated by, v, 67of oriental nations, v, 406wide extent of, v, 104See also Fire, perpetual; Fire,sacred.
Firearms, effect of introduction, i, 280;v, 123first use by aborigines, n, 73-74Fire hunting, described, n, 53-54Fire-makers, a name for the Pottawat-tomies, v, 145Fish, curing of, in, 219 ; iv, 57, 68of the Minnesota lakes, i, 187spearing, n, 51, 53illustrated, rr, 53See also Fishing.Fish, Rev. P., rv, 585Fish Carrier, Chief, at conference, v,667land granted to, vi, 324Fish dam, construction of, in, 146Fish dance, iv, 64Fisher, Sergeant, killed by Indians, n,253-254Fishhooks, described, in, 468illustrated, n, 86 ; in, 468use, ii, 53Fishing, advantages of New Englandtribes in, v, 223-224charm used in, vi, 635methods used in, n, 51-53 ; in, 214
;
rv, 61Fishing customs, Chippewyan, v, 175,177illustration showing, vi, 507See also Fishing.Fishing places, of the Pennacooks, v,223, 224, 225Fish-nets, Shoshonee, described, I, 213-214Fish-Pond Town, a Creek town, rv, 576,578chief of, iv, 576Fish spear, Shoshonee, described, i, 213illustrated, i, 211Fitch, Rev. Mr., missionary work of,vi, 734Fitzpatrick, Thomas, i, 259extracts from letters of, i, 260Plains tribes described by, i, 259-264Five Nations, i, 197additions to, m, 198-199attack on Montreal, in, 519called Massawamack, v, 36called the Long House, v, 645character, in, 186customs, i, 335
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 75Five Nations?Continueddivisions and subdivisions, in, 184early enmity among, v, 107, 110government, in, 184-185joined by the Tuscaroras, in, 18G;vi, 186legend of league of, v, 157-163legend of origin, v, 636-646location, n, 36tribes composing, m, 184, 401, 590See also Six Nations.Flags, placed at graves, iv, 55Flatbows, and Cootenays, population of,vi, 700classification, in, 402location, i, 437See also Cootenays.Flatheads, vi, 687, 695census, vi, 556classification, in, 402embalming practiced by, v, 693enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181bunting ground, vi, 698illustrations of skull of, n, 332,334location, vi, 556map showing, in, 96, 200marriage customs, v, 654missionary work among, vi, 734,735, 739nature of lands, v, 656physical characteristics, v, 656population, v, 705, 706, 707 ; vi, 687,695, 700, 701trader's name for Choctaw, n, 324See also Salish.Flat-Mouth, Chief, n, 98 ; v, 426, 427peace made by, v, 187Pillager chief, n, 159 ; v, 189war-party led by, v, 186See also Aishkibugikozh.Flat River Band, census of, i, 478-487Flattery Indians, location, iv, 598population, rv, 598Fleming, Col., death of, vi, 266Fleming, Rev. John, statement of re-garding tribes, vi, 517translation by, iv, 546Fleshing tools, described, i, 91-92illustrated, i, 77 ; in, 467 ; vi, 603936706?54 6
Fletcher, Jonathan C, acknowledgmentto, in, 375Indian census transmitted by, n.222report by, in, 284-288 ; vi, 691, 704vocabulary transmitted by, n, 214Winnebago agent, in, 283Winnebagoes described by, iv, 51-59, 227-243Flint River, brief description of, v, 256Flint stones, story of origin of, I, 317Flood. See Deluge.Flores Creek, Indians of, vi, 702Florida, accessible to Mexican tribes, v,95advantages found in, by Indians,vi, 472De Soto's expedition to, vi, 58-64explorations in, n, 20-21 ; vi, 3Sextent of country called, vi, 40Indian lands in, in, 584, 5S6; v,480Indian population of, i, 522, 533 ; in,584, 586 ; v, 480, 481mounds of, discussed, in, 77-78population and area of, iv, 610pottery from coast of, in, 77-82tribes, i, 522Florida Indians, annuities paid to, vi,723funds required for, n, 568lands, ceded by, n, 603purchased from, n, 599statistics on, n, 497plan regarding colonization, vi, 411-412physical and mental character, n,32removal, vi, 497Floridians, application of the term, vi,47Floyd, Brig. Gen. John, battle of, withCreeks, vi, 367Creeks defeated by, vr, 362Flute or pipe, described, n, 514; iv, 71illustrated, n, 514Fluviatile drift, action of, 1, 166Folle Avoines (Folsavoins) , in, 556country occupied by, in, 559name for the Menomonees, vi, 271,687
76 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Folle Avoines (Folsavoins)?Continuedpopulation, vi, 271totems, in, 556warriors, estimates of, in, 556, 559See also Menominee.Follett, F., I, 92Folsavoins. See Folle Avoines.Folsom, Col. David, salt works of, vi,526Folsom, George, petition signed by, in,618Fonda, death of, vi, 313Fond du Lac, treaty made at, vi, 422Font, Fr. Pedro, extract from diary of,in, 299-301Food, buried with the dead, v, 93customs concerning, n, 64, 132horses used for, n, 133of Atlantic coast tribes, v, 80of Bonacks, v, 216of California Indians, v, 80, 649;vi, 710of Chippewa, v, 150of Chippewyans, v, 175of Congarees, iv, 157of Creeks, v, 274of Dacotahs, iv, 67-68of Digger Indians, i, 221 ; v, 199of hunter tribes, vi, 553of Massachusetts Indians, i, 284-285of Navajo, iv, 212, 214of Oregon tribes, v, 80, 656of prairie tribes, v, 80of Rocky Mountain tribe, v, 80of Root-Diggers, iv, 222of Shoshonee, i, 211, 217of Snake Indians, i, 221of Wee-yots, in, 127-128offered to the dead, i, 38-39, 83-84
;
v, 79-80Oregon and California tribes, in,218-219overindulgence in, in, 226physical development affected by,v, 656preparation, by Winnebagoes, iv,57quest for, n, 75-77taboos concerning, v, 215wild olive used for, in, 114See also Agriculture; Cooking;Corn ; Famine ; Feasts ; FishGame; Hunting, etc.
Fooskahatche, derivation of name, rv,380Forbes, Gen., Fort Duquesne taken by,vi, 226-227Force, Peter, iv, 127acknowledgment to, in, 74Foreman, Rev. Stephen, assistancerendered by, n, 443report by, iv, 589Forrey, Dr. Samuel, article by, on ra-cial characteristics, iv, 354brief biography of, iv, 353reference to views of, v, 288Fort Alabama, assault on, by De Soto,vi, 62Fort Anne, VI, 208Fort Bourbon, vr, 269Fort Brady, location, vi, 397Fort Brooke, ambuscade of troops from,vi, 469Fort Cadarackui, v, 522Fort Caroline, erection of, vi, 75taken by Spaniards, vi, 77Fort Cataraqui, vi, 198Fort Charles, erection of, vi, 73Fort Chartres, vr, 237military and civil capital of Illi-nois, iv, 266Pontiac's visit to, n, 307trading station at, vi, 269Fort Crevecoeur, early French post, v,192Fort Cumberland, vi, 208Fort Dayton, vi, 290Fort Dearborn in 1820, illustrationshowing, iv, 193Fort Defiance, erection of, vi, 340establishment, iv, 210illustration of, iv, 210influence, among Navajoes, rv, 215Fort Detroit, vi, 256aid sent to, vr, 250-251brief account of siege of, n, 241details of siege, by Pontiac, n, 242-308tribes dwelling near, vi, 714See also Detroit.Fort Duquesne, a resort for Indians, vi,215establishment, v, 109; vi, 197, 214reduction, vi, 226-227tribes in vicinity of, vr, 132Fort Edward, vi, 208, 220
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 77Fort Erie, ni, 334Fort Frontenac, in, 334capture by Bradstreet, vi, 226Fort Gibson, vi, 502Fort Granby, iv, 162Fort Hall, I, 205, 209, 211date of, i, 206Indians in region of, v, 198erection of, on Snake River, i, 203Fort Hamilton, erection of, vi, 336Fort Harrner, council held at, vi, 323erection of, vi, 597treaty concluded at, vi, 330Fort Harrison, investment of, vi, 359Fort Hill (New York), description of,iv, 173-174 ; v, 666-667illustration of, iv, 174Fort Hill (Ohio), earthworks on, de-scribed, v, 661-662Fort Jackson, treaty signed at, vi, 380Fort Jefferson, building of, vi, 336Fort Kienuka, vi, 182Fort King, vi, 469, 470Fort Laramie, annuities to treaty sign-ers at, vi, 723Fort La Tour, brief account of, v, 674-675Fort Laurens, vi, 302erection of, vi, 301, 302, 304siege by Indians, vi, 304-305Fort Le Nou, location of, vi, 198Fort London (Loudon), erection of, vi,208Fort Loudon, surrender of, to Indians,vi, 241, 287Fort M'Intosh, erection of, vi, 301, 302origin of, v, 140treaty concluded at, vi, 327, 330Fort Mackinac (Mackanack), ruins of,illustrated, n, 242 ; vi, 243taken by Indians, n, 148See also Fort Michilimackinac.Fort M'Laughlin, tribes frequenting, v,487, 488Fort Madaline, vi, 198Fort Madison, siege of, by Indians, vi,359Fort Maiden, rendezvous at, vi, 358Fort Mandan, establishment of, in, 249Fort Matheo, capture by the French, vi,80
Fort Maumee, change of garrison at,vi, 344hostilities ended by victory of, vi,342, 344reference to taking of, iv, 614Wayne's arrival at, vi, 341Fort Meigs, vi, 362, 363Fort Michilimackinac, attack on, by In-dians, vi, 243English defeated by Saulteurs at, n,284Lake Huron protected by, vi, 198massacre at, n, 241remains of, v, 110reoccupation of, vi, 256See also Fort Mackinac.Fort Mimms, capture of, by Indians, vi,365-366liberation of captives taken at, vr,374Fort Necessity, surrender of Washing-ton at, vi, 215Fort Niagara, vi, 198British Indian Department at, vi,297change of garrison, vi, 344date of building, v, 648description, in, 334founding, vi, 196Indian activities at, vi, 251, 278,283, 297remains, v, 110surrender, vi, 234Fort Ninety-Six, vi, 238Indian attack on, vi, 239Fort Oswego, vi, 198ancient name of, vi, 197founding, vi, 196-197Fort Pitt, Indian hostilities at, vi, 249-250invested by Indians, vr, 242locality, described, in, 339naming, vi, 227sketch of, in, 336trading post at, vi, 269Fort Ponchartrain, now site of Detroit,v, 648Fort Presque Isle, vi, 237Fort. Prince George, Indian attack on,vi, 239-240location, vi, 238, 239
78 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Fort Recovery, besieged by Indians, vi,339location, vi, 339Fort St. Joseph, Lake Huron protectedby, vi, 198Fort St. Joseph's, tribes dwelling near,vi, 714Fort St. Mary's, vi, 19SFort Sandusky, taken by the Hurons, n,273Fort Shelby, taken by British, vi, 358Fort Simpson, tribes trading at, v, 487,489Fort Slucher, m, 334Fort Smith, vi, 527, 528Fort Stanwix, vi, 208, 283established in Oneida country, v,512fraud charged in treaty at, v, 667-668investment, by British, re, 285-289reference to seizure of, v, 514termination of siege of, vi, 290-291treaty concluded at, vi, 323, 324,330Fort Stoddart, location, rv, 629Fort Sullivan, location, v, 667Fort Venango, iv, 614Fort Village Band, census of, I, 478-487Fort Vincennes, vi, 237Fort Washington, St. Clair's army at,vi, 336Fort Wayne, vi, 397Fort William Henry, vi, 208capture by French and Indians, vi,221-222erection, vi, 220Fort Wyoming, massacre at, vi, 297-298Fortifications, areas containing, i, 47,48attributed to De Soto, vi, 66built by Indians, iv, 124built by Pequots, vi, 119Cumberland Gap, iv, 134-135described in Smithsonian publica-tion, I, 48entrances to, illustrated, i, 48erected by Yakamas, vi, 613explained by traditions, rv, 135,136-137explanation of ditches inside, vi,163in Pennsylvania, iv, 326
Fortifications?Continuedin the Natchez country, v, 283Indian mode of building, vi, 603mentioned in Iowa song, ni, 264,267Mississippi Valley, conclusionsdrawn from, v, 61number questioned, iv, 144-145of Mississippi Valley tribes, vi, 600-601of villages, v, 116on Columbia River, in, 206on Rock River, possibly Winnebago,ni, 278plan, iv, 126-127purpose, iv, 110ruins in Ohio, v, 660skill shown in, v, 114Susquehanna, age of, iv, 174Teton, map of, v, 100time of erection, i, 267western, type of, iv, 667See also Earthworks; Forts;Mounds.Forts, commanding the Great Lakes, vi,198English, taken by Indians, vi, 243erected for English defense, vi, 208necessity for, i, 246Fose hatch ee e marth lar, chief at Eu?faula, iv, 580Foster, J. W., antiquities exhibited by,rv, 138Foster, W. A., crania received from, n,326, 329Fox Indians. See Foxes.Fox language, an Algonquian dialect,ii, 341Fox River, settlement of Stockbridgeson, vi, 504tribes living on, v, 524 ; vi, 385Foxes, in, 554annuities of, n, 585classification, in, 401country occupied by, in, 593driven from rice-lake region, v, 525enemies of the French, vi, 237independence in warfare, vi, 200language spoken by, in, 562leading men of, ni, 568Ojibwa women captured by, n, 141other names for, n, 136; m, 562;v, 39, 41
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 79Foxes?Continuedpopulation of, in, 259, 562, 593,609 ; vi, 271relations of, with the Chippewas,v, 524-525relations of, with the Mascoutins,iv, 245territory occupied by, v, 524totems of, in, 554trade of, ni, 564trading post for, in, 566treaty made by, vi, 255, 380, 421tribal relations of, in, 566villages, number of, in, 562war of, witb Ojibwas, n, 142, 150warriors, number of, in, 554, 562
;
vi, 271See also Mechecaukis; Musqua-keys; Odagumaig; Outagamies;Sacs and Foxes ; Sauks andFoxes.Fractures, treatment for, rv, 514France, explorations in service of, vi,40-43, 48-57See also French.Franciscans, Spanish, missionary workof, vi, 734, 735statistical data on missions of, vi,735Franklin, Dr. B., remarks by, on In-dians, iv, 342-345Franklin, Michael, relations of, withthe Milicites, v, 675-676treaty conducted by, v, 675, 677Frazer, Jack, mention of, iv, 97, 98Freeland's fort, battle at, vi, 307Fremont, Col., among the Shoshonee,i, 200geographical memoir of, discussed,i, 152-154mention of expedition of, vr, 519reference to, in, 493; iv, 597; v,100reference to explorations of, iv,551French, the, Algonquin name for, I, 18attempt by, to take Indian census,v, 479colonial policy of, vi, 185, 199-201,206-208efforts to acquire territory, v, 109-110explorations, v, 646-648
French, the, Algonquin name for?Con.Indian attitude toward, vi, 156influence among Indian tribes, vi,191-192, 197-198, 223intermarriage with Indians, v, 529loss of Canada by, v, 528name given by Chippewas, v, 147policy in America, vi, 185relations with Indians, iv, 614; v,278relations with the Natchez, vr, 628See also France; French and In-dian Wars; French explorations.French and Indian Wars, beginning of,vi, 249duration, v, 528French explorations, antiquities inarea of, v, 108-110area of, i, 196-197object, ii, 20Fresno Indians (Fresnos), vi, 687population, iv, 60S; v, 484; vi, 687Fresno Reservation, population, vi, 715report on, vi, 716Frezzie, Chief, i, 142Friend, Mr., iv, 314Friendship, Cherokee song of, v, 564gestures indicating, n, 22Frit, Samuel, iv, 556Frobisher, Joseph, vi, 269Frontenac, Count de (Gov. Gen.), i,334 ; v, 671 ; vi, 185, 190pictographic drawing of army of,vi, 605Fuegians, physical characteristics, n,316Fuller, William, signer of Indian treaty,vi, 144Fuller's earth, large deposit of, i, 221Funeral dance, brief account of, in, 286Funeral vase (urn), Aztec, descriptionof, vr, 589Aztec, illustration of, vi, 576theory of age, iv, 163use and description, iv, 162-163Fur trade, beginning, in Canada, v, 647central point of, i, 187French and English rivalry in, v,522letter giving information on, in,599-600
80 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Fur trade?Continuedstatistics concerning, in, 604-606;vi, 726-730under the English, vi, 268-269See also Trade, Indian.Fur traders, licensed, list of, in, 604-606See also Traders.Furs, influence of market for, i, 434prices of, in, 354 ; iv, 276relative values of, n, 178 ; in, 366
;
iv, 276use for clothing, v, 80See also Fur trade ; Skins ; Trade.Fus hatch che micco of Tuck a batchcha Town, iv, 575Fus hatch fixico of Che haw Town, iv,576Future life, Indian conception of, v, 403Indian beliefs concerning, iv, 638See also Immortality ; Soul.GGabimubeeno, a Pillager subchief, v,189Gage, Gen., Bradstreet censured by, vi,256plan accomplished by, vi, 259Gahlinskun. See A se guang.Gaillard, John, letter to, regarding In-dian lands, ii, 581Gaines, Gen., iv, 629 ; vi, 476Gaines, George S., iv, 632Gaines, Lt. Edmund P., iv, 629, 630Gaiuckers, a name for Cayugas, iv, 332,333Galena, deposits of, i, 152Galibio Indians, possible descendantsof, v, 28Galissoniere, Marquis de la, v, 109Galisteo, Indian name of, in, 298language spoken at, in, 298Gallatin, Albert, i, 21 ; n, 328, 343, 348
;
in, 252 ; vi, 605, 646chronological tables prepared by,v, 96-97letter to Indian Commissioner, ni,397-400petition signed by, in, 618use of vocabularies by, n, 358vocabularies collected by, in, 398Gallinazo-stone, mirrors made of, v, 91-92
Gallinomero. See Kai-na-m6ah.Galphins, vr, 351Gambling, at games, n, 74, 78 ; iv, 64Game, abundance of, on Grand River,1,219destruction, i, 223 ; n, 192 ; in, 272division among hunters, i, 278 ; n,131, 185in Columbia River region, i, 221in Minnesota, 1, 187-188in the Oregon region, v, 656influence, on Indian migration, in,258of the Athapascan country, v, 178of the Ojibwa country, n, 137of the Pillagers' country, v, 191of the Sioux country, n, 174range of, I, 433-434result of extinction of, n, 187-188,550; in, 208; vi, 565scarcity of, in Shoshonean country,I, 206-207varieties of, in the buffalo country,rv, 101, 107wanton slaughter of, by Indians,iv, 96See also Hunting ; and under namesof animals, as Antelope, Bear,Buffalo, etc.Games, I, 82-83ball, described, n, 78illustrated, n, 75bowl, described, n, 72-74illustrated, n, 73bullet, or button, n, 133moccasin, described, iv, 64-65of chance, with sticks, in, 217of the Creeks, v, 277of the Dacotahs, iv, 64-65of the Navajo, iv, 214played on ice, illustrated, n, 75played on snow, n, 516plum-stones, described, n, 71-72illustrated, n, 73Ganawese, vi, 140Gandastogue\ a synonym of Andastes(q. v.), vi, 137,138Gandongarae, tribes living at, rv, 208Gangasco. See Gingaskins.Gansevoort, Capt, reference to journalof, v, 670Gansevoort, Col., Fort Stanwix de-fended by, vi, 285-286
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 81Garangula (Garragula, Garrangula),in, 22, 57 ; v, 121Onondago orator, v, 163oratory of, iv, 627 ; v, 518Garay, Francis, grant received by, in,27; vi, 44Garces, Francisco, extract from diaryof, in, 297-299Garcilaso de la Vega, observationsmade by, in, 328Garden beds, age of, i, 57-58attributed to Mushkodains, i, 307connection with mounds, i, 60date of abandonment, iv, 130extent, i, 55remains, i, 54-60theories concerning, v, 396Gardener's Canal, tribes residing on, v,487Garoteros, possible origin of, v, 203, 689See also Yumas.Garragula, Garrangula. See Garangula.Garter, construction and illustration of,in, 68Gaspe Indians, brief account of, vi, 53-54language, vi, 54See also Micmacs.Gates, Sir Thomas, vi, 96Gauntlet, ordeal of, custom of Five Na-tions, in, 188-189practices at Fort Niagara, vi, 297Gauranos, settlement founded by, iv,556Gawagensea, rv, 203Gay Head, Indians of, i, 287Gazlay, Jonathan, v, 668Gegosasa (Gegosaseh, Jegasaga), mean-ing of name, iv, 202queen of the Eries, iv, 198tradition concerning, iv, 204See also Yagowanea.Gel Plat, Pillager chief, episode in lifeof, n, 67See also Guel Plat.Generic families, i, 196-198; n, 33-38See also Linguistic stocks.Genesee country, geography of, i, 163-165Geneva, N. Y., Indian name of, iv, 3S4
;
vi, 310Gengis Khan, v, 61
Genii worship among Indian tribes, in,492Gens de Terre (Gens des Terres), alsocalled Nopemings, v, 41, 145country occupied by, i, 41 ; ni, 553
;
v, 145food of, reference to, i, 41warriors of, in, 553See also Tetes de Boule.Gentoo. See Hindoo race.Geographical features, mentioned intraditions, in, 270Geographical names. See Names, geo-graphical.Geography, physical, Indian knowledgeof, m, 270of Indian country, ni, 91-177of Minnesota, i, 181-18SGeological action of the North Amer-ican lakes, i, 166-172Geological Survey of Illinois, Wiscon-sin, and Iowa, reports on, iv, 189Geology, of Minnesota, i, 186of western New York, i, 163-165Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee, num-ber of Indians in, v, 480Georgia, Indian lands in, in, 584, 586;iv, 460Indian population of, ni, 584, 586map of, with parts of other states,v, 253population and area, iv, 610pottery from, in, 79Georgia colony, establishment of, vi,186Georgianna, the sloop, wreck of, iv, 601German Flatts, reference to Indianattack on, vi, 298Germanic tribes, name for themselves,vi, 177Gesenius, quoted on languages, n, 342Gestures indicating friendship, n, 22Geudeville, travels of, i, 136Ghebir system, vi, 197Ghent, treaty of, in, 279, 280effect on Indians, v, 450unsatisfactory to Indians, iv, 259Giant dance, and feast, described, in,487-488description, rv, 64Giants, cannibal, belief in, v, 408fabled, belief in, ni, 233 ; vi, 662no evidence of, n, 318
82 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Gibbes, Robert W., mention of collec-tion of, iv, 162, 163Gibbles, Dr. R. W., skull measured by,iv, 168Gibbs, George, California tribes de-scribed by, v, 217diary kept by, of M'Kee expedition,in, 99-177letters to H. R. Scboolcraft, v, 662-665opinion of, cited, in, 88 ; vi, 612paper by, on California languages,ni, 420vocabularies collected by, in, 405Gibbs & Co., v, 662Gibbs, Wolcott, v, 662Gibson, Col., iv, 136Logan's speech delivered by, iv, 626Gibson, John B., measurements of hair,in, 383Gila Apaches (Gilenos) , an Apache divi-sion, iv, 216chief, v, 206dialect, v, 203range, v, 206, 207Gila River, account of Pimos of, in,296-306alleged origin of name, hi, 83description, hi, 304reached by Coronado, vi, 70Yuma name for, n, 113, 114Gila Valley, Apaches in, v, 203, 206Gilands, brief description of, in, 83See also Coyoteros.Gilbert, H. C, census report by, vi, 692Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, reference toexpedition of, vi, 82, 103Gilenos. See Gila Apaches.Gilless, Lt., mounds opened by, v, 93Gillett, R., population report by, vi, 707Gillis, Mr., letter to, on Peruvian buri-als, v, 658-660Gilmer, Gov., Scott's letter to, on Chero-kee removal, vi, 493-494Gingaskins, a part of the Accoinacs, v,36Girdle, description and illustration of,in, 86Girls. See Children.Girty, action taken by, in RevolutionaryWar, vi, 300Gist, Washington joined by, vi, 213Gitchey Wedau, son of Sagima, vi, 202
Gitchy Kenabec, the mythological ser-pent, I, 94Gitchy Naigow, Chief, story concerning,iv, 48-49Gitshe Iawba, feat of, n, 54-55Gladwin, Mr., n, 256, 258, 262, 279commander of Fort Detroit, n, 242,250Gladwyn, Major, vi, 253at siege of Fort Detroit, vi, 244resistance to Indian siege, iv, 614Glen, Gov., m, 294Gliuna, ancient name of Fort Oswego,vi, 197Gnadenhutten, massacre of Indians of,vi, 317-318Goadby, Dr., iv, 138God. See Deity; Gods.Godfroy, Jacques, negotiations with In-dians, ii, 256, 257Gods and goddesses, Minnesota tribes,iv, 495-496Dacotah, in, 232, 485-487illustrated, ni, 485multiplicity of, iv, 642-643duality in Indian belief, iv, 636; v,407-408minor, or spirits, belief in, iv, 636of the Dakota, iv, 644of the Iroquois, i, 316See also Culture heroes ; Deities.Gofer, belief concerning, v, 259description, v, 258Gogouins, in, 555totems, in, 555warriors, number of, in, 555See also Cayugas.Gold, and silver, barter in, iv, 165articles made of, illustrated, iv,448discovery, in California, I, 149ornaments, iv, 450place, in Indian regard, i, 93rocks bearing, iv, 171Spanish search for, ni, 25, 27, 30,36, 40, 41, 44specimens of, described, i, 149-150See also Gold deposits ; Goldmines ; Gold mining.Gold Bluff, origin of gold found at, ni,138
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 83Gold deposits, character of, in Cali-fornia, i, 154of California, i, 149-156source of, i, 155value and extent of, i, 152-155See also Gold ; Gold mines.Gold formation of the South, range of,iv, 170-171Gold mines, ancient, i, 151annual production of, i, 151classes, described, iv, 171South American, i, 151See also Gold deposits; Gold min-ing.Gold mining, ancient, described, rv, 451methods employed in, in, 148on Scott's River, ni, 159Goldsmiths, art of, iv, 447-453Gomez de la Cortina, Don, acknowledg-ment to, ii, 330Gonorrhea, among the Creeks, v, 271remedy for, iv, 515Good Road Band (Goodrod's Band), aMedawakanton band, in, 613census, i, 498-507listed as one of Seven Fires, n, 169Goodrod's Band. See Good Road Band.Good Thunder's Band, census of, i, 498-507Good Water, Choctaw education at, iv,585Goodwin, Dr., i, 107Gookin, cited on Passaconnaway, v, 229Goose Creek, tribes of, v, 201Gordon, Lt. Gov. Patrick, vi, 140Gorgets, shell, v, 110described, I, 78-79illustrated, i, 103Gorman, Rev. Sam'l, v, 689Goshenink, etymology of name, iv, 540Goslin, death of, n, 254Gosnold, Bartholomew, discoveries of,vi, 95expedition organized by, vi, 96Gouge, stone, illustration of, iv, 175Gouin, M., English warned by, at FortDetroit, n, 257Gourgues, Chevalier Dominico, expedi-tion led by, vi, 78-81outrages avenged by, vi, 744
Government, absence among tribes, i,262Choctaw and Chickasaw, i, 312Indian attitude toward, n, 183new Indian, i, 282of Indian tribes, iv, 477-483 ; vi, 570of New England tribes, vi, 114-115of the Pillagers, v, 189patriarchal form of, i, 193See also Chiefs ; Councils ; Socialorganization; U. S. Government.Graffenreidt, Baron de, in, 294Grafton, Indians at, i, 287Grammatical notes on Massachusettslanguage, I, 295, 296, 297, 298-299Grammatical structure of the Algonquinlanguage, n, 351-442Granaries, Apache, discovered by Span-iards, in, 304Grand Island of Lake Superior, censusof Indians of, i, 458-467Grand Medicine Dance. See MedicineDance.Grand Pawnees, a Pawnee band, in, 595location, ni, 595Gran(d) Quivera. See Quivera.Grand Rapids Band, census of, i, 47S-487Grand River Valley, description, i, 218-219tribes of, vi, 206, 385Grand Traverse Bay, tribe on shore of,vr, 385Grandes Eaux, estimate of warriors of,in, 557, 559Grandfather, ceremonial use of word,iv, 643Grandmother, ceremonial use of word,iv, 643Granganameo, relations with the Eng-lish, vi, 83, S6, 89Grangula. See Garangula.Grant, Col., march of, against the Cher-okees, vi, 241slaughter of troops under, vi, 226Grant, James, in, 355Grant, Maj., reference to defeat of, vi,249Grasshoppers, as food, v, 649Grater, mandioca, described, rv, 445Grave Creek, naming of, vi, 597
84 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Grave Creek Flats, maize cultivated on,iv, 130map of, i, 123mounds on, i, 123 ; n, 85Grave Creek Mound, iv, 128artifacts from, i, 89-90, 91, 93conclusions drawn from, iv, 129-130copper articles in, i, 67illustration of antiquities from, vi,610illustration of section of, i, 120inscribed stone from, vi, 610inscription from, compared withPhoenician, vi, 611pipe from, illustrated, i, 75view from, illustrated, vi, 312Grave-posts, description of, i, 356-357;iv, 55illustrated, i, 356inscriptions on, i, 334 ; vi, 606of the Dacotahs, iv, 66symbolism of devices on, ii, 199Graverott, M., in, 355Graves, California Indian, described,ni, 140Chippewa, illustration of, v, 64Congaree, description, iv, 160Dacotah, description, iv, 65decoration of, in, 175; vi, 613European articles in, iv, 140-141lights burned on, vr, 664-665illustration of, vi, 664marked by stone heaps, n, 69object of fires at, iv, 55object of orientation of, iv, 54pipes recovered from, i, 75pottery in, i, 83-84roof built over, rv, 55temporary use of, iv, 156Winnebago, described, iv, 54, 55See also Burials; Grave-posts;Tomb.Gravier, vi, 734Gray's Harbor, Indians of, vi, 703Grayson, George, land assigned to, iv,581Great and Little Osage, land ceded by,n, 603purchased from, n, 594, 595, 598,599statistics on, n, 605See also Great Osage ; Little Osage.
Great Hare, in Indian mythology, I,18 ; in, 514Greathouse, connection with Loganmassacre, in, 56 ; iv, 623, 629Great Lakes region, aborigines of, rv,187-188description, iv, 185-194French possession of, vi, 198Great Nemaha agency, rv, 466Great Osages, an Osage band, in, 594annuities of, n, 585See also Great and Little Osage.Great Snake of Canandaigua Lake,tale of, ni, 322-323Great Spirit, Dakota use of term, vi,649Greeks, mythology of, v, 406-407Green Bay, Algonquin name for, iv, 560change of garrison at, vi, 344Indians in vicinity of, vi, 204inscription on cliffs of, i, 414seat of the Winnebagoes, vi, 34tribes on, vi, 206Green Bay region, Indian population of,vi, 271Green Corn ceremony, an annual sacri-fice, v, 267illustration of, vi, 385of the Dakotah, vi, 385Green Corn dance, a thanksgivingfeast, in, 89description, v, 685metal plates exhibited at, in, 89Greenland, classification of languageof, in, 401settlement of, vr, 742Green River, Indians on, v, 199 ; vr, 703Green River Snakes, condition of, i,227-22Svillage of, I, 219Green River Valley, description of, I,218-219Greenville, location of camp called, vi,338treaty negotiated at, vi, 342-344Wayne's camp at, vr, 342Greetings of the Dacotah, in, 244Gregg, Dr. Josiah, explorations of, in,131
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 85Grenville, Sir Richard, expedition ledby, vi, 85hostilities provoked by, vi, 85-86,89, 90settlers landed by, vi, 92Griffen, Dr. J. S., in, 421Griswold Colony Band, census of, i,478-487Grizalba, vi, 44discoveries of, m, 27landing of, vi, 743Gros Ventres, v, 180, 181; vi, 686, 687bands of, ni, 630brief history, vi, 699census, vi, 556habitations, vi, 695identification, in, 251, 403, 514; iv,559 ; vi, 699language, i, 259 ; in, 630 ; vr, 699listed as a linguistic family, in,402location, i, 259; in, 594; vi, 556,699, 705map showing, in, 96permanent village of, in, 630population, I, 523 ; ni, 594, 609, 630,631 ; vi, 687, 695, 696, 698, 705synonym of Minnetarees, ni, 514See also Minataree.Gros Ventres of the Prairie (GrosVentres du Prairie), vi, 687census, vi, 559country occupied by, ni, 595 ; vi,556, 695population, in, 595 ; vi, 687, 695relationship, in, 631Groton, attacked by Indians, vi, 164Mohegans at, i, 524Groton Indians, location, in, 583population, in, 583Growing-chief, a Comanche chief, n,128Guacas, Peruvian, description of, v, 90-91excavation of, v, 91, 93Guadalaxara, rv, 22Guadaloupe skeleton, cranium of, dis-cussed, ii, 320Guanahani, Indian name for San Sal-vador, iv, 554Guandostagues, a synonym of Andastes(q. v.), in, 290
Guardian spirits, acquisition of, vi,633, 660, 664belief in, in, 248different from totems, v, 196; vi,664of individuals, v, 408of prophets, in picture writing, i,389-391selection of, iv, 637-638Guatemozin, reference to execution of,in, 23Guauaenok. See Qua i nu.Guel Plat (Guele, Guelle Plat), i, 142;vi, 452chief at Sandy Lake, vi, 386war party led by, v, 186See also Gel Plat.Guess. See Sequoia.Guiana Indians. See Guyana Indians.Guillon, M., in, 355Guipana, encountered by De Soto, n,37Gulf of St. Lawrence, explored by Car-tier, vi, 51, 55tribes of, v, 38Gull, Winnebago war-chief, rv, 235Gunnison, Capt. (Lt), J., iv, 252death of, iv, 551, 597 ; v, 198pictographs sketched by, in, 493work of, iv, 597Gunpowder, use made of, by Iroquois, vi,209See also Firearms.Guristersigo, Creek leader, attack ledby, vi, 319, 332Gusmagio, rv, 564Guyana Indians, religious beliefs of, rv,489Guzman, expedition organized by, vi, 69Gwageoneh, Seneca name for Eries, iv,202Gwin, Senator, v, 46SGypsum, in Rocky Mountain region, i,218 HHabe Napo (Habe-napo band), at ClearLake council, in, 109meaning of name, m, 110population, in, 634Habitations. See Dwellings.Habits, personal, v, 70Hackluyt, Richard, vi, 96
86 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Hadley, Indian assault on, vi, 170Hagan, Mr., intended work of, v, 658Hagler. See King Hagler.Hahnemann, iv, 511Hahuamis. See A qua mish.Hahulteah, chief of the Quahtomah, vi,702Hah-wal-coes, a Yuma division, n, 116location of, n, 116Haidai language, tribes speaking, v, 489Hainai. See Ayenis ; Ionees.Hai-ne-na-une, a Comanche division, n,128meaning of name, rr, 128Hair, Anglo-Saxon, characteristic of, v,288microscopical examination of, i, 41
;
in, 373-374Negro, characteristics, v, 288discussion, iv, 362-363racial differences in, rv, 352 ; v, 287See also Hair, Indian.Hair, Indian, appearance of, in, 376as racial characteristic, iv, 362characteristics, v, 288compared with that of other races,in, 375-378illustrations of, in, 377, 384-391lack of lustre in, in, 380loss of color, ni, 379manner of wearing, in, 220study, iv, 351-352uniformity, n, 321white, discussion of, n, 321-322Haircut, totem indicated by, ni, 268, 269Hair dressing, California tribes, in, 141Bonak or Root-Digger, iv, 223Dacotah, rv, 69Iowa, in, 269Moqui, iv, 74, 83illustrated, iv, 74Pimos and Maricopas, in, 296Pueblo, iv, 76, 77warriors', iv, 54Winnebago, iv, 59Zuni, iv, 220Halderman, Samuel S., measurementsof hair of, in, 3S3Haldiman, Gen., Oneidas punished by,vi, 312-313Hale, Horatio, i, 200tribes classified by, I, 436, 437vocabularies supplied by, in, 398
Half-King. See Tanacharisson.Half-way House, a synonym of Big Tal-lassie, v, 262Halket, Mr., reference to publication by,v, 53Hall, Rev. Sherman, iv, 532Halliday, Miss Mary, vr, 566-567Hallowing King, chief of Cowetas, v,263Ham, Indians called descendants of, m,476-477Hamightaghlawatawa, Nanticokes rep-resented by, at council, vi, 132Hamilton College, represented at fun-eral of Skenandoah, v, 517Hamilton, Gov., taken as prisoner, vi,303Hamilton, Rev. William, acknowledg-ment to, ni, 376linguistic work of, m, 258 ; iv, 549,550missionary labors of, m, 256, 258paper by, on Iowa language, iv, 397See also Irvin, S. M., and Hamilton.Hamine-chan, origin of name, n, 171Hamlin, A. C, inscription copied by, vi,607opinion of, cited, vi, 608Hammersly's Inlet, Indians of, vi, 703Hammersly's Inlet Indians, populationof, v, 491position, v, 491See also Sahehwamish.Hampton, Col., mention of plantationof, iv, 161, 168Hanaga Indians, census of, v, 489language, v, 489Hand, Gen., vi, 309Hand, symbolism of imprint of, n, 58;in, 230Handicrafts, discussion of, n, 511-516domestic, described, iv, 435-437Handy, Charles N, vocabulary by, n,470Hannakallah (Hannakallal), locationof, in, 571population, in, 571, 609Hano. See Harno ; Tanoquevi.Hanover, N. H, missionary work at, vi,734Haokah, a Dacota god, n, 224-225illustration showing, n, 224Harahey. See Arache.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 87Hardin, Col., Kickapoo town stormedby, vi, 335killed by Indians, vi, 338, 342Hare. See Great Hare.Hare Indians, population of, n, 28See also Kancho.Harignera, a Susquehannock chief, vi,136Haring, Dr., tradition related by, vi,573Harlsefne, Thorfinn, iv, 119Harmer, Col., advance of, into Miamicountry, vi, 331defeat by Indians, v, 528, 529; vi,217, 287, 334Harned, William, in, 376Harno (Harro), a Moqui village, rv,82distinct language of, iv, 87-88See also Tanoquevi.Harriot, Thomas, expedition accom-panied by, vi, 85instructions to, vr, 90Harris, Mr., referred to, in Perrault'sRelation, m, 355, 356, 357, 359,362, 364, 366, 369Harris, Rev. Thaddeus M., iv, 131Harris, T. S., translation by, iv, 528Harrison, Gen. Wm. Henry, ability andduties of, vr, 350armistice granted by, vr, 364battle led by, at Tippecanoe, vr,355campaign of, mentioned, iv, 258services rendered by, vi, 405victory on Thames River, vr, 363Harrison, Rev. T., work of, rv, 546Harro. See Harno.Harrod, Col., Shawnees routed by, vr,307Hart, Maj., death of, vr, 336Hartley, A. J., Chickasaws discussed by,v, 693-694Hartley, Col., v, 671Harvey, Capt. Augustus, treaty con-cluded by, v, 677Harvey, H., statistics furnished by, vi,712Ha-sa-no-au-da, Seneca chief, in, 290Haslinding. See Has-lintah.Has-lintah, a Trinity River village, in,139Hassanamisco, Indians at, i, 287
Hassler, Prof., in, 336Hatch cha chubba Town, a Creek town,iv, 575chief of, iv, 575Hatch chi chubba, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Hatch ee chub ba (Hatchee chubba),a Lower Creek town, iv, 578, 580derivation of name, iv, 381Hatchet-Creek, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Hatfield, Mass., Indian attack on, vi,160, 170Haukoma. See How-ku-ma.Havasupai. See Cosninas.Haven, Langdon, n, 114Haw-haws, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407Hawk chant of the Saginaws, in, 329-330Hawkins, Benjamin (Col.), iv, 127cited on earthworks, v, 110treaty concluded by, vr, 327Hawkins, Maj., iv, 324Haxa, town of, iv, 30Haxta (Haxti), sacrifice of, iv, 50; v,77-78 ; vi, 495-496Hay, Officer, n, 266, 269, 274, 293Hays, Lt., ii, 262Hayti, Spanish administration of, n,309-312Head deformation, n, 323-328 ; iv, 663effect on size of brain, n, 333for males, n, 324in Mexico and Peru, n, 323, 324method used in, n, 324, 325, 326-327illustrated, n, 69Headdresses, cases for, ni, 68illustrated, in, 68Chippewa, illustrated, ni, 68cloth, illustrated, in, 68description, ni, 67-68feather, illustrated, in, 68Navajo, described, iv, 435illustrated, iv, 74of horns, illustrated, in, 68symbolism of, in, 68Pueblo, for dancing, iv, 77symbolism of, ni, 68See also Cap; Hairdressing.Head flattening. See Head deforma-tion.
88 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Heald, Capt., massacre of troops under,vi, 359Healing ceremony, description of, v,437-440Hearne, John, murder of family of, iv,158Hebrew coin from Indian mound, dis-cussed, iv, 149-150Hebrew custom, v, 60Hebrew history, Ojibwa traditions lik-ened to, ii, 136Hebrew language, compared with Al-gonquin, ii, 421compared with Indian, v, 82, 86infixion in, in, 61resemblance to Chippewa, iv, 386to Indian languages, iv, 387Hebrew origin of Indians, rv, 149 ; v, 86
;
vi, 419argument against, vr, 88indications of, in, 59-62, 228, 268writings on, v, 51See also Lost tribes of Israel ; Jew-ish customs.Heckewelder, Rev. John, n, 357relations with Logan, iv, 621traditions recorded by, iv, 136Hehighenimmo (Hihighenimmo), loca-tion, in, 572population, m, 572, 609; v, 706See also Sanpoil.Hellueland, n, 28He maw hie Town, a Creek town, rv,576leading men of, rv, 576Hemez. See Jemez.Hemorrhage, treatment for, iv, 513Henderson, Capt., iv, 602Hendric, King. See King Hendrick.Hendrick, Capt., translation by, rv, 539Hendrick, King. See King Hendrick.Hendrick, Thomas T., emigrants com-manded by, vi, 504Hendy, Col. John, information suppliedby, v, 666Henlee, m, 384Henly, Thomas J., population tablecompiled by, vi, 715Hennepin, Lewis, explorations of, i, 136Henry, Alexander, trade with Indians,vi, 269Henry, Dr. Chas. 0., Apachee vocabu-lary by, v, 578
Henry, Dr. Charlton, quoted on theApaches, v, 205-212Henry, George, translations by, iv, 535Henry, Dr. T. C, Apachees discussedby, v, 695Hen-ta-pah-tus (Hen-tee-pah-atees), aYankton band, ii, 169country occupied by, n, 169Henya. See Hanaga.Heredity, among medicine men, v, 652in chieftainship, in, 112in office, i, 194inatrilineal, of ruler, i, 311See also Descent.Herkimer, convocation held at, vi, 324massacre at, v, 511-512Herkimer, Gen., death of, vi, 289fort relieved by, vi, 287-289Hermaphrodite, Indian, n, 115Hernandez de Cordova, Francisco, dis-coveries of, in, 27Hemes, a synonym of Jemez, iv, 32reached by Spaniards, iv, 39See also Jemez.Hernia, treatment for, iv, 514Herring Pond Indians, i, 287location, in, 583population, in, 583Herriot, Mr., cited on tobacco, vi, 88quoted on Indian beliefs, vi, 87Hesperia, use of name, v, 594Hess, William, work of, iv, 526, 527Heutzilapochtli, sacrifices to, v, 103He-wa-tho-cha, Iowa chief, character-ization of, in, 265Hewit, Dr., quoted on depopulation oftribes, vi, 180-181Heyoka, discussion of, vi, 651-652gods of the Dakotas, iv, 645Hiacoomes, missionary work of, vi, 734Hiawatha, an Iroquois divinity, vi, 188meaning of name, in, 315 ; v, 157myth concerning, vi, 670story of, in, 314-317; v, 157-163;vi, 571-572Hickory-Ground, a Creek town, iv, 576chief of, v, 255map of, v, 255Upper Creek town, iv, 578See also Little Tallassie.Hidatsa. See Belantse-Eteas ; GrosVentres ; Metahartas ; Mina-taree.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 89Hidatsa language. See Minnetaree lan-guage.Hieroglyphics, development of, i, 342system of, i, 422Hiester, F. A., communication from, iv,324Hi ga gee, a Lower Creek town, iv, 578High Log, a Lower Creek town, iv, 578Hildreth, Dr., i, 184Hill, A., translation made by, iv, 526,527Hill, Benjamin M., report by, on mis-sions, v, 699Hillabee (Hillabe Town, Hillabees), aCreek town, iv, 576, 578 ; v, 262attack on, vi, 367chief of, iv, 576mention of battle of, vi, 370, 379Hillabees (Hillabes) district, v, 255location, v, 262Hillabi. See Hillabee.Hilleamuck, population, vi, 701Hillishagee, activities, vi, 374flight, vi, 374Hindoo customs, compared with Indian,in, 61 ; v, 217Hindoo gods, length of life of, iv, 664Hindoo race, characteristics, v, 58country occupied by, v, 57religion, v, 57-58Hiokato, vi, 98Hirrahagua. See Hirrihigua.Hirrihagua. See Hirrihigua.Hirrihigua (Hirrahagua, Hirrihagua),ii, 34 ; v, 410De Soto at village of, m, 36De Soto opposed by, in, 30death of mother of, in, 29-30; vi,743mutilated by Narvaez, in, 29; vi, 45History of Indian tribes, i, 13-17chronological table of, vi, 742-744fables preserved in, i, 13Hitchatees. See Hitch e tee.Hitchcock, Dr., i, 179Hitchcock, Gen., quoted on Californiatribes, v, 216Hitchcock, Mr., pottery recovered by, ni,77Hitch e tee (Hitchatees) town, a LowerCreek town, iv, 578 ; v, 262chiefs of, iv, 580
Hitchetees (Hitchites, Hitchittee), v,256classification, ni, 401linguistic relations, in, 404numeral system, v, 244Hitchies, I, 239identity lost by intermarriage, i,240Hitchitee (Hitchittee) language, aMuskogee dialect, i, 268vocabulary (numerals), n, 220-221Hitchites. See Hitchetees.Hitchiti. See Hitchetee ; Hitchetees.Hitchiti language. See Hitchitee lan-guage.Hitchittee. See Hitchetees.Hitch o par tar ga, an Upper Creektown, iv, 578Hlekatchka. See Broken Arrow.Hoako. See Hocks.Hobie fixico of Hemawhie Town, iv, 576Hochelaga (Hocheloga), former nameof Montreal, v, 76 ; vt, 200, 743fortification at, v, 110Indian village at, I, 305location, n, 85negotiations at, n, 85people occupying, in, 320reached by Cartier, i, 134 ; vi, 56Wyandots living at, iv, 383Hochitagete, Chief, vi, 140Hochungara tribe, account of, in, 277-283meaning of name, in, 277type of the Dacotahs, in, 267Winnebago name for themselves,in, 277See also Winnebago.Hockhocking, origin of name, iv, 380Hocks, location, vi, 710population, vi, 710Hodgkins, Chief John, v, 237Hoffman, Martinus, speech of, quoted,vi, 133Hogs, introduction of, into Florida, vi,616Hoha, Dacotah name for Assinaboins,in, 539Hohilpos (Hopilpo), location, m, 572population, in, 572 ; v, 706Hohost-ilp-ilp, Chief, meaning of name,I, 226
90 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Hohtatoga, a Lower Creek town, v, 262Ho-is, a Comanche division, u, 127meaning of name, H, 127Hoithlewaule, derivation of the name,iv, 380Hokamish, vl, 687population, i, 521; vi, 687See also Skokomish.Hokedi. See Kook a tee.Holbrook, Prof., n, 320Hole-in-the-day, n, 161; v, 185Ojibwa war chief, n, 151Hole-in-the-sky, n, 162wife of, n, 161Holeman, Maj., at peace council, iv, 596Holilepas, location, vi, 710population, vi, 710Hollenbaek, Col., reference to family of,v, 673Hollenbaek, Matthias, v, 66SHolman, J. H., information furnishedby, v, 198Holmes, Maj. A. H, vi, 375at Michilimackinac, vr, 375death of, vi, 376North-West factory destroyed by,vi, 39SHolston River region, described, m,346Holyoke, vi, 169Homamish (Homanish), vi, 687brief account of, v, 700population, i, 521, vi, 701See also Shomamish.Hominy (Homony), making of, i, 80;in, 466Honayawus, Niagara Indians repre-sented by, vi, 326Honeoye village, destruction of, vi, 310Ho nese har jo, a Thlakatchka chief,iv, 579Honey, bad use of, iv, 68Honey Creek, Presbyterian station at,iv, 589Honey-Eaters. See Penointik-ara.Honsading. See Oke-noke.Hon. Society in Scotland for the Propa-gation of Christian Knowledge,work of, vi, 734, 735, 736Honyerry, death of, vi, 312Hon Yost, reprieve from the gallows, vi,290
Hoo-choop, Chief, treaty signed by, in,279tribute levied by, in, 280Hood's Bay, Indians of, v, 489Hood's Canal, Indians of, vi, 703Hookluhmic Indians, population of, i,521See also Lummi.Hook-swinging, Hindoo custom of, v, 59Hoopah Indians (Hoo-pah), a lowerTrinity tribe, in, 139application of name, in, 422See also Trinity Indians.Hoopah language, extent of use, m, 422vocabulary, in, 440-445See also Nabil-tse.Hoopah villages, list of, in, 139Hoosatunnuk. See Housatonics.Hootsinoo Indians, census, v f 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Ho-paiuh, a Klamath River tribe, m,634Hopaiuh, a village on Klamath River,in, 138Ho-pee-kaw's Band, census of, i, 498-507Hopi. See Moqui.Hopilpo. See Hohilpo.Hopkins, Capt, n, 302expedition of, n, 266Hopkins, Gen., march against WabashIndians, vi, 360Hopkins, Mr., work of, iv, 547Ho po uth lo yoholo, of TuckabatchchaTown, iv, 575Horse raising, country adapted to, I,222Horses, advantage to Indians, v, 197intelligence, iv, 108introduction, vi, 616effect of, i, 207-208fear caused by, in, 59of the Navajoes, iv, 212raised in large numbers, i, 222sacrificed for the dead, n, 68; v,78; vi, 622spoils of war, i, 236used for food, n, 133; v, 650wild, origin of, v, 197Horse-Shoe, battle of the, vi, 372, 379Horse-stealing, attitude toward, v, 181Hosmer, W. H. C, v, 673
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 91Hospitality, among barbarians, iv, 345among the Mohawks, in, 190of the Indians, iv, 343-344of the Moquis, iv, 88shown by Congarees, iv, 158Ho tal le ho yar nar, a Lower Creektown, iv, 578Hotchkiss, E., report on the Choctaws,iv, 585Hot-house, Creek, description of, v,265-266Hotlimamish. See Shotlemamish.Hot springs, near Des Schutes River,i, 221Hou a guan, census, v, 489language, v, 489Houghton, Dr. Douglas, i, 144, 145, 148pottery collected by, i, 84survey entrusted to, iv, 190Housatonic Valley, tribe of, vi, 504Housatonics (Housatonick, Hoosatun-nuk), etymology of the name, v,593missionary work among, vi, 734,736represented at Canandaigua coun-cil, vi, 326See also Stoekbridges.House of Montezuma, description of,in, 299-301Houses. See Dwellings.Howard, Capt, vi, 256Howard, Don Carolus Caxton, v, 253Howe, Dr., iv, 170Howe, Rev. George, crucible describedby, vi, 610essay on Congaree Indians, rv,155-169Howe, Lord, death of, vi, 226Howkan. See Hou a guan.How-ku-ma band, at Clear Lake coun-cil, in, 109How-te-te-oh language, from Rogue'sRiver, in, 423Hudedut. See How-te-t6-oh.Hudson, Hendrick (Hendrik), drinkingparty staged by, vi, 101-102explorations of, n, 23-24; vi, 100-102, 744with Indians, illustration of, n, 24
;
vi, 100Hudson (s) Bay, classification of lan-guage of, ni, 401936706?54 7
Hudson (s) Bay Co., iv, 101fur sales of, vi, 728-730influence on Oregon tribes, v, 656policy, in, 144Hudson River, exploration of, vi, 100-102Indian names of, vi, 100, 504name bestowed on, vi, 102tribes on, v, 137 ; vi, 147Hudson River region, tribes of, rr, 101Huebschmann, F., population table by,vi, 707Huestas, Mr., mention of expedition of,ni, 120Huexotzincoes, in, 515Huitramannaland, a name for Virginia,vi, 742Huitsla, classification, in, 402location, in, 402Hula-napo band (Huta Napo), at ClearLake council, in, 109population, in, 634Hula-napo language. See Kula-napolanguage.Hull, Gen. (Gov.) William, n, 226; vi,356, 358, 359, 381surrender of, vi, 259, 261Hullooellell, in, 571Human sacrifice, corn planting markedby, rv, 50 ; vi, 496witnessed by Rev. J. England, v, 59Humanos (Jumanos, Yumanos), mapshowing location of, n, 28named by De Vaca, n, 21supposed descendants of, n, 29territory occupied by, n, 28use of term, i, 242Humboldt, Alexander, discussion ofwritings of, v, 53, 55pyramid measured by, vi, 5S2vocabularies used by, n, 358Humboldt, William, v, 53Humboldt, William von, rr, 347Humboldt Bay, described, ni, 131discovery, in, 131mortality among Indians of, vi, 711Humboldt River, Indians of, v, 201peculiarity of, v, 201Humboldt (town) , described, ni, 131illustration of, in, 131Huna. See Huna cow.Huna cow, a Cross Sound tribe, v, 489census, v, 489
92 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Hunkpapa. See Onch-pa-pah.Hunkpatidan, a subdivision of theIhanktonwan, i, 248Hunkpatina. See Hen-ta-pali-tus
;
Hunkpatidan.Hunt, Rev. Robert, expedition joined by,vi, 96Hunter, John, petition signed by, in,618Hunter, John Dunn, v, 54Hunter, Senator, of Virginia, chairmanof Finance Committee, v, 461information requested by, v, 461Hunter state, absence of conditions of,in Mexico, v, 292and agricultural, links between, v,204distinctive phases of, in, 62-64Hunter tribes, vi, 552-558census, vi, 556civilization of, i, 44-46food, vi, 553land provided for, vi, 416Hunter's dream, story of, i, 321Hunting, beliefs concerning, i, 382-383ceremonial feast connected with,in, 61instruction of boys in, i, 382 ; n, 50of deer and antelope, ni, 213pictographs of, i, 382-388popular error concerning, in, 478-479the great spirit of, v, 420use of cunning in, in, 246use of magic in, i, 382 ; n, 51 ; v, 76,397See also Buffalo; Game; Huntingcustoms.Hunting customs, Algonquin, vi, 661Athapascan, v, 176, 177Cayouse, i, 221compared with Hebrew, in, 61Creek, i, 278Dacotah, n, 185-186; in, 234; iv,59-61general, n, 53-55 ; in, 61in north-west California, ni, 113of Atacama, Peru, in, 540Sioux, ii, 185-186See also Animals; Buffalo; Game.Hunting exploits, n, 54-55
Hunting-grounds, ratio of population to,1,433result of exhaustion of, vi, 377-378rights to, i, 278 ; n, 131, 185Hunting scenes, illustrations of, n, 51,53, 55, 57Huntington, Abel, petition signed by,in, 618Huntington, D. B., interpreter, iv, 596Huokarawaocks, location of, vi, 131Hupa. See Hoopah ; Nabil-tse ; TrinityIndians.Hurlburt, Rev. Thomas, memoir by, onChippewa language, iv, 385Huron-Iroquois family, vi, 137Huron or Wyandot stock, tribes of, in,590Hurons, in, 554allies of, vi, 138classification, in, 401cranial measurements, n, 335derivation of name, iv, 382flight, before the Iroquois, v, 143
;
vi, 143French name for Wyandots, vr, 200linguistic affinities, iv, 207missionary work among, vi, 735, 739of upper Canada, reference to, vi,137offered help by the Andastes, vi, 143origin belief of, vi, 627part taken by, in Pontiac's con-spiracy, ii, 242, 243, 247, 248, 252,260, 263, 274, 275, 279, 281, 288,293, 295, 301, 302, 303, 307Pontiac joined by, vi, 243population, vi, 270, 271relations with the French, v, 647territory occupied by, i, 305 ; iv, 204totems, in, 554; iv, 204treaty signed by, vi, 255tribes composing, iv, 204warriors, number of, in, 554; vi,270, 271western, migrations of, vi, 734See also Wantats ; Wyandots.Huta Napo. See Hula-napo.Hutchins, Thomas, statistics furnishedby, vi, 713, 714Hutchinson, Capt. Thomas, Indian pop-ulation estimated by, m, 553-561v, 479
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 93Huts, bark, described, i, 191-192illustrated, i, 192Hutsnuwu. See Hootsinoo.Hybridity, discussion of phenomena of,iv, 358-359Hymns to the Sun, words of, i, 400
Iaba Waddik, family of, rv, 350I&goo, a mythological character, v, 409Ice-cutting implements, description of,I, 88-89illustrated, n, 516use of, ii, 514Iceland, discovery of natives of, vi, 742Icosans, absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370era of, v, 133foes of the Creeks, v, 98Ida-ka-riuke, a Shaste Valley band, in,171Idolatry, in India, v, 58pictographs in, 342-343Idol-pipe, mutilated, illustrated, n, 90Idols, Aztec, description of, vi, 585-586illustration of, I, 120lack of, i, 50Ietam, country occupied by, m, 597population, in, 597Ietan. See Ietam ; Jetam.Ihanktonwan, a grand division of theDacotas, I, 248dialect of, i, 249meaning of name, i, 248population, i, 249range, I, 248subdivisions of, i, 248See also Yankton.Ihanktonwanna, a subdivision of theIhanktonwan, i, 248Ihoways. See Iowas.Ikanhatki. See Ecunhutlee.Ika-ruck, a Shaste Valley band, m, 171Ulinese, agricultural ability of, i, 59descendants of, I, 59; v, 192remains left by, v, 191-192territory occupied by, vi, 206tribes composing, v, 41See also Illinois Indians.Illinois, admission to the Union, vi, 393and Indiana, Indian population of,v, 480derivation of name, rv, 379
Illinois?ContinuedIndian lands in, m, 584, 586 ; v, 480Indian population of, in, 584, 586;v, 480, 481population and area of, rv, 610tribes of, v, 40Illinois country, activities of Pontiacin, n, 306-308tribes dwelling in, vi, 714Illinois Indians, in, 278, 555 ; v, 647 ; vi,573country occupied by, m, 559; vi,33cranial measurements, h, 335in the limits of De Soto's marches,n, 35included in Algonquin group, n, 36name for themselves, vi, 573partial extermination, n, 308threatened by Pontiac, n, 307warriors, estimate of number of,in, 555, 559See also Ulinese.Illinois language, an Algonquin dialect,n, 341classification, in, 401Illinois mission, work of, vi, 735Illinois River, dispute concerning, ni,155Indians in valley of, vr, 206tribes of, v, 191Images, Aztec, in Pueblo village, rv, 82representing disease, iv, 491use in ceremony, iv, 73Immookfau, meaning of the name, rv,381Immortality of the soul, Algonquin be-lief in, in, 60Chickasaw belief in, i, 310Comanche belief in, i, 237; n, 131Dacotah belief in, in, 229Indian belief in, n, 68 ; v, 79Massachusetts Indians belief in, i,286Sioux belief in, n, 178 ; m, 229See also Future life ; Soul ; Resur-rection; Transmigration of thesoul.Imperturbability of Indian male, v, 183See also Stoicism.Implements, ancient bronze, iv, 438-440illustrated, rv, 438
94 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Implements?Continuedantique Mexican, vi, 580bone, i, 87-88, 213 ; in, 468illustrated, i, 88, 211 ; in, 468Congaree, described, iv, 159-169illustrated, iv, 160, 164-168copper, described and illustrated, i,67 ; iv, 438-439from Peruvian guacas, v, 92in Obio, v, 665-666domestic, n, 514fleshing, illustrated, m, 467found in New York State, n, 90-91from Chippewa territory, i, 68from Cunningham's Island, n, 86-S7from ossuaries, illustrated, I, 103-104ice cutting, i, 88-89 ; n, 514illustrated, rr, 516of the Blackfeet, v, 182of the Ojibwa, n, 137, 138Peruvian, v, 92illustrated, v, 93priority in antiquity of, v, 395problematical, from New York, rv,174Shoshonean, list of, I, 211Shoshonee, illustrated, i, 211used in mining, n, 31 ; iv, 144 ; v,396used in skin dressing, n, 64wooden, rt, 516illustrated, n, 516See also Utensils; Weapons.Inca (s) , form of government of, n, 330-331meaning of name, v, 89mental capacity, v, 94power, v, 89remains of house of, described, v,94use of term, in, 62Incest, among the Kenistenos, v, 167Independence, Ohio, rock sculptures at,v, 113-114 ; vi, 604India, application of name, v, 57Indian affairs, commissioners entrustedwith, vr, 293management of, vi, 321Indian agents, suggestions regarding, n,531-532
Indian Bureau (Department), funds re-quired for, ii, 565-5S0mention of work of, v, 54organization of, vr, 404-405, 456,457Indian corn. See Corn.Indian country, mineral resources of, i,149-163physical geography, i, 133-138; iv,179-194Indian lands. See Lands.Indian languages. See Languages, In-dian. See also under tribalnames.Indian mind. See Intellectual capacity ;Mental characteristics.Indian names. See Names.Indian population. See Population, In-dian.Indian Territory, description of tribesof, v, 485Indian lands in, iv, 183population and area of, iv, 610Indian tribes. See Indians ; Tribes, In-dian.Indian villages, destruction of, by Sul-livan's army, vi, 311Indian wars, effect on tribes, vi, 379-3S1estimated cost, v, 500of 1812-16, origin, vi, 374of New England, vi, 116-127principles involved in, vi, 507-509,512See also Black Hawk ; Creek war
;
French and Indian Wars ; Pon-tiac ; Tecumseh ; and under tribalnames.Indiana, admission of, to the Union, vi,393and Illinois, number of Indians in,v, 480Indian lands in, in, 584, 586; v, 480number of Indians in, m, 584, 5S6v, 4S0, 481population and area of, rv, 610tribes of, v, 40Indians (American aborigines), annui-ties, effect on, i, 279antiquity of, v, 69-70, 87-88appropriations for, statement, n,564attitude during Revolutionary War,vi, 279-281
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 95Indians (American aborigines)?Con.causes of decline, i, 192 ; vi, 561-563character, fixity of, i, 412characteristics of, i, 15, 17 ; rv, 354-365mental, hi, 326-328; vi, 507-509oriental, i, 14, 15physical, u, 315-335; in, 373-393 ; iv, 349-365 ; v, 287-292civilization of, i, 44-46 ; rv, 357 ; vi,592-594effect on, v, 44-46 ; vi, 561 ; vi,428-430resistance to, v, 33-34classed with Ethiopian race, in,477colonial changes affecting, vr, 235-237colonization, discussed, rv, 180, 459-475color, iv, 361, 362 ; vi, 573comparison with Asiatic races, I,35^2condition, at discovery, i, 54-55 ; n,26 ; iv, 657-658 ; vi, 199, 567-570amelioration of, n, 522-525, v,46in 1800-1825, vi, 346-376of colonies of, rv, 461-463condition and prospects of, n, 519-537 ; iv, 457^S6 ; vi, 515-558culture, stages in, v, 89state of, rv, 114-115employment by British in war, vi,292-296ethnological families, two, n, 328;vi, 595evolution, in, 247exploitation, in, 21-22first contact with, vi, 36-37foods, staple, rv, 445heads of, described, rv, 357history, chronological, vi, 742-744discussion of, v, 129-133early, as shown by picturewriting, I, 343-344general, in, 21-50hunter stage, i, 44-46improvident nature, vi, 562, 569-570intellectual capacity and charac-ter, ii, 201-235; iv, 251-262; v,130-131, 243-248
Indians (American aborigines)?Con.investments for, statement, n, 561-563land rights, recognition of, vi, 320life, in Colonial days, vi, 183-184manners and customs, ii, 39-80mental traits, in, 326-328 ; vi, 507-509type, i, 29-43migrations, forced, iv, 317misconceptions regarding, in, 478-480 ; v, 50-52northern, compared with Aztec, vi,595-596origin, discussed, in, 476-477of name, v, 28, 57policy toward, ni, 209-210 ; iv, 473-475 ; v, 449-473 ; vi, 186, 320-322population, total, in, 559, 581; v,485protection for, problem of, iv, 180-185recommendations concerning, 457-560remarks on, by Benjamin Franklin,iv, 342-345removal to west of the Mississippi,v, 46 ; vi, 416-425effect on, v, 141of remnants of, rv, 180plans for, in, 573-5S0 ; iv, 259,474-475 ; v, 450-451 ; vi, 407-415policy of, ii, 546results of Act affecting, v, 455retreat before white population, v,472southern, resources of, vi, 366study of, by Europeans, v, 53-54suggestions for government of, iv,469-470system of management of, v, 43territory occupied by, iv, 357Texas law concerning, vi, 708treatment of, as shown by expendi-tures, ii, 545-546unity, iv, 353; v, 89, 289-291; vi,573See also Tribes, Indian.Indo-Germanic languages, traced toHindoo race, v, 58
96 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Infanticide, among the Choctaw, vi, 524among the Creeks, v, 272among the Dacotah, in, 243among the Kenistenos, v, 167Infidelity, Apache punishment for, v,211Blackfeet punishment for, v, 686Comanche punishment for, i, 236;ii, 132Infirm and aged people, treatment of,rv, 56, 67, 241 ; v, 179Informants, Indian, unreliability of,hi, 260Ingersoll, C. J., in, 383Ingolf, vi, 742Inheritance. See Descent.Initiation ceremony, of the Medicinesociety, in, 286-288 ; v, 426-433Inlanders, a synonym of Nopeming, v,145Insanity, causes of, rv, 505Indian attitude toward, rv, 49relative immunity from, among sav-ages, iv, 505Inscription Rock (Canada) , pictographson, i, 407Inscription Rock (N. Mex.), expeditioncamped at, iv, 34-35pueblo on, rv, 33Inscription Rock (Pa.), description of,rv, 172-173illustrations of, iv, 172, 173location, iv, 172Inscription stone, I, 121-124; v, 85discovery of, i, 120illustration of, i, 122Inscriptions, iv, 663-664, 665along line of migration, i, 411Asiatic, likened to North American,I, 424-425Assonet, discussion of, vi, 113-114illustrated, vi, 113at Bellows' Falls, Vt, illustrationof, vi, 606Cunningham's Island, discussed,in, 85-87illustrated, in, 85, 87Dighton Rock, i, 108-120, 304; rv,117, 119-120 ; vi, 113-114, 609found in New Mexico, illustrated,vi, 69Grave Creek, compared withPhoenician, vi, 611
Inscriptions?ContinuedIcelandic and Indian, i, 107illustrations of, i, 114, 119, 122,427 ; rv, 173, 251, 253in Lapland, i, 425-428in Massachusetts, i, 107-120in Ohio Valley, I, 124-125in West Virginia, i, 120-124Lake Erie, discussed, in, 85-87Laplandish, illustrated, i, 427left by Chippewa chief, i, 304Monhegan Island, illustration of,vi, 611of Tartary, account of, i, 424illustrated, i, 425on bark, i, 338on buffalo bone, illustrated, vi, 70on dressed skin, illustrated, rv, 251on rocks, discussed, i, 107-120, 405-407on Sculptured Rock, n, 87-88on small globular stone, i, 124-125on tabular stone, i, 107-125Phoenician, illustration of, vi, 630pictographic, illustration of, n, 88purposes served by, vi, 606recording Indian exploits, i, 414Runic, on Baffin Bay island, iv, 119showing Celtic characters, v, 34Siberian, account of, i, 424illustrated, i, 424spurious, i, 109supposed Celtic, discussion of, iv,118supposed Grecian, in MississippiValley, iv, 116supposed Scandinavian, ni, 540symbols of sun in, vi, 629See also Inscription Rock ; Inscrip-tion Stone; Mnemonic devices;Pictographs ; Rock sculptures.Instruction. See Children; Education.Intellectual capacity, and character,Indian, i, 315-430; n, 201-235;iv, 251-262 ; v, 243-248of Algonquin group, v, 81of Appalachian group, v, 81of California tribes, m, 220of Dacotahs, iv, 70of Iroquois, v, 81of Oregon tribes, in, 220subjects indicating, i, 315
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 97Intemperance. See Intoxication.Interior Indians (Chippewas), popula-tion of, vi, 692Intermarriage, of French and Indians,v, 529, 674, 677of Indians and Scotch traders, vi,345, 351with Whites, effect of, m, 221Interpreters, attitude of, m, 268Intoxication, among the Iowas, vi, 548,549among the Iroquois, in, 194effect of, on Indians, in, 241-242encouraged by traders, in, 191Navajoes not given to, iv, 214unknown among Moquis, iv, 87Sec also Alcoholic liquors.Investments for Creeks, statement of,rv, 571Inyancheyaka-atonwan. See LittleRapids band.Iolofs, African, physical characteristicsof, iv, 363Ionees (Ionies), in, 403; vi, 687dwellings, v, 682language, v, 6S2, 712location, vi, 704 705origin tradition, v, 682population, i, 518 ; m, 635 ; v, 702
;
vi, 687, 699, 704, 708relations with Texans, v, 712See also Ayenis.Iowa, population and area of, rv, 610Iowa language, iv, 397^06classification, in, 266publications in, iv, 549-550reference to work on, ni, 260-261Iowas (Ihoways, Ioways), in, 557; vi,452, 546, 687ancestry of, in, 278and Sacs, at missions, v, 698appropriation for, n, 564census, i, 498-507 ; in, 621-628chiefs of, in, 264-265claim concerning origin, iv, 227clans, in, 26S-269classification, in, 267, 402condition, general, iv, 466report on, vi, 548-550De Vaca's name for, n, 37fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 720,721funds required for, n, 569
I Iowas (Ihoways, Ioways)?Con.geography of territory, in, 270-273history, early, in, 261-262in the Dacota group, n, 37lands, iv, 572ceded by, n, 604 ; in, 259disposal of, v, 496purchased from, n, 599statistics on, n, 606language, in, 266, 562linguistic affinities, i, 248listed as one of Seven Fires, n, 169location, i, 498; in, 585, 593; iv,461 ; v, 495 ; vi, 705maps showing, iv, 180; vi, 519migration legend, v, 98migration of, with map, in, 256-259missionary work among, vi, 739of Siouan stock, i, 197orator of, in, 265-266other names of, n, 37 ; ni, 256, 547,562, 566population, in, 258, 562, 585, 593;iv, 466, 572; v, 495; vi, 687, 705rank, among other tribes, ni, 266-267relations with tbe Sacs, ni, 267removal of, iv, 485 ; v, 495 ; vi, 536totem, in, 557trade, in, 564trading post for, in, 566treaty made by, vi, 421treaty with, v, 496, 497tribal relations of, in, 566; iv, 550villages, number of, in, 562victory over Osages, in, 264vital statistics of, in, 258warriors, estimates of, in, 557, 562See also Aijoues.Ioways. See Iowas.Irega, era of, v, 133Irocosia, use of name, i, 305Iron, discovery of, in Greece, v, 88Ironstone, magnetic, distribution of, i,150Iroquoian stock. See Iroquois family.Iroquois, in, 553; vi, 687account of, i, 197 ; n, 538-542affinities, i, 197aided by corn, n, 30Algonquin name for, v, 193Allegans overpowered by, v, 98
98 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Iroquois?Continuedalliance with the Dutch, vi, 189application of term, iv, 616ascendency of, iv, 525at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217, 218belief in evil spirits, iv, 490burial customs, ni, 193cause of supremacy, iv, 142census, i, 441-457 ; v, 481 ; vi, 718comparison with Mexican tribes, v,107confederation of, benefits gained by,v, 107conquests made by, i, 197 ; ni, 74
;
v, 647cosmogony of, v, 155-163; vi, 666-670councils of, vi, 189country inhabited by, i, 197 ; vi, 33-34, 147cranial capacity, n, 332 ; in, 250 ; v,244cranial measurements, n, 335creation myth, I, 316-317culture, state of, v, 105customs, m, 193 ; vi, 57, 672-673dance derived from Dakotahs, vr,617descent of chiefs of, v, 73 ; vi, 627English aided by, vi, 209, 234fear of, by other tribes, vi, 130, 260female descent among, v, 73 ; vi, 627five cantons of, rv, 204fortifications against, v, 109erected by, i, 48 ; v, 110history, vi, 188-190in the Revolutionary War, v, 510,513 ; vi, 281land cessions made by, vi, 323-325last fight with Ojibwas, n, 149Lenni Lenapee preceded by, v, 99linguistic affinities of, iv, 207map showing location, ii, 28migration, v, 98missionary work among, vi, 735,736, 738, 739mythology of, v, 75name, origin of, in, 320 ; vi, 188others for, in, 292 ; iv, 616 ; v,41 ; vi, 130, 18S, 236of the West, population of, vi, 275origin and spread of, vi, 33origin legend, v, 147
Iroquois?Continuedpictography, i, 429illustrated, i, 421, 429, 430policy toward the English, vi, 219-220policy toward, of American Govern-ment, vi, 325-326population, i, 523; v, 481; vi, 270,275, 687, 706position after the Revolution, vi,324, 325power held by, vi, 194-195relations with the English, vr, 149,189-190, 228with the French, v, 147, 522-523, 647skulls of, shape, n, 317stature, iv, 349superior physique of, v, 243-244supremacy over Algonquins, VI, 148supreme deity of, in, 511territory dominated by, vi, 194totemic system, iv, 666 ; v, 73totems, in, 553 ; iv, 204traditions, i, 125-126 ; v, 134treaties with New York State, vi,324tribes composing, vi, 194conquered by, vi, 34war against Cherokees and Cata-bas, n, 36with the Andastes, vi, 139with the Eries, iv, 201-203warriors, number of, in, 553See also Iroquois Confederacy
;
Five Nations ; Mingo ; NadowaigNautowas ; Six Nations.Iroquois Confederacy, advantages of, v,136-137affinities, I, 197brief account of, n, 36-37changes in population, iv, 603dissolution, vi, 310, 324extent of influence, in, 196formal expedition against, vi, 308-311formation, i, 197 ; n, 36-37 ; vi, 4S4-485history, in, 1S1-199legend of origin, v, 157-163, 636-646policy toward conquered tribes, iv,605
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 99Iroquois Confederacy?Continuedpolitical organization, in, 182-184power, m, 184principles recommended to Colo-nies, in, 183-184resemblance to Greek council, m,183resemblance of U. S. Governmentto, in, 198See also Five Nations ; Six Nations.Iroquois family (group, stock), anethnological family, n, 343brief account of, n, 36-37cranial capacity, vi, 574measurements, n, 335division in, iv, 198known by style of moccasin, ra, 66one of seven generic families, n, 33tribes adopting Christianity, v, 504composing, in, 401vocabularies, n, 482-493See also Huron or Wyandot stock
;
Iroquois.Iroquois language, ni, 192 ; vi, 190bibliography of works in, iv, 525-531formation of names in, v, 571geographical names in, with deriva-tions, iv, 381-384sevenfold dialects of, in, 96supposed Greek element in, in, 183 ;iv, 117Irvin, Rev. S. M., Indian cruelties de-scribed by, v, 650linguistic work of, in, 258; iv, 550missionary labors of, in, 256, 258Irvin, S. M., and Hamilton, Win., Iowagrammar prepared by, iv, 549-550paper by, on the Iowa and Sactribes, in, 259-276Irving, Washington, v, 101, 594extracts from work of, n, 309Isanyati (Issati), a grand division ofthe Dacotas, i, 248a synonym of Dakotah, vi, 66location, i, 247, 248 ; vi, 34origin of name, i, 248population, i, 248subdivisions, i, 248the Great Western family, vi, 72Is-chaw-go-baw-kaw's Band, census of,I, 498-507
Is far ne e marth lar, a Cussetaw Townchief, iv, 579Ishack, a Klamath chief, in, 173Ish-shu-ku, a Comanche chief, n, 126Island, James, A Coweta Town chief,iv, 579Island of the Blessed, story of, i, 321Islands, Absalom, a Coweta Town chief,iv, 579Isle Royal, Lake Superior, antiquitiesof, v, 111Isleta (Isletta), iv, 107, 216; vi, 687population, i, 519 ; m, 633 ; vi, 687,709possible identity, iv, 34Tigouex identified as, iv, 39See also Ystete.Israelites, reference to Indian descentfrom, in, 228See also Hebrew origin; Jewishcustoms; Lost Tribes of Israel.Issati. See Isanyati.Itasca Lake, description of, i, 147, 148expedition to, vi, 450, 451-452illustration of, i, 147 ; vi, 452natural history of, i, 148the source of the Mississippi, i, 185It-chit-a-bud-ah, a Comanche division,n, 128meaning of name, n, 128Iten Itza, Toltec element in ruins of, v,106Itineraries of journeys in the Alle-ghany region, in, 347-351Ixistinieses Indians, iv, 555
Jacarillas. See Jicarillas.Jack of the Feather. See Nemattanow.Jackson (Gen., President), Andrew, rv,630campaign of, against the Indians,vi, 370-373contact of, with the Indians, ni, 26Creeks defeated by, vi, 367extracts from message of, to Con-gress, vi, 428-430, 432-436, 477-478Indian affairs under, vr, 428-4S1Indian war prosecuted by, v, 45-46measurements of hair of, in, 383Pensacola attacked by, vi, 376Jackson, Dr., catlinite named by, n, 512
100 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Jackson, John, character and death of,iv, 591
"Jacob Ryerson," schooner, Eel Riverentered by, in, 129, 132Jacons (Jakon), map showing locationof, in, 96listed as a linguistic family, in, 402See also Youikcones.Jakon. See Jacons.James River, naming of, vi, 96James River region, Indians of, v, 35Jameson, Mary, iv, 563Jamestown, Va., founding of, vi, 96Janitos, a name for the Senecas, vi, 320Jarvis, Dr., i, 300paper by, on Indian origin, v, 82Javelin. See Spear.Jeesukawin, etymology of the word, i,388-389the art of prophesy, i, 358See also Jossakeed ; Jesukawin So-ciety.Jefferson, Thomas, cited on Indian ora-tory, in, 56cited on mounds, iv, 125cited on the Eries, in, 405cited on Virginia tribes, v, 35, 36-37expeditions dispatched by, vi, 349-352Indian located by, v, 668interest of, in Indian languages, n,356 ; v, 53mention of tables of, in, 196reply to Indian proposal, vi, 401-402state of tribes under, vi, 347-348vocabulary transmitted by, in, 292Jegasaga. See Gegosasa.Jelish, a linguistic family, in, 402See also Salish.Jemez (Pueblo de Jemez), Hemez iden-tified as, iv, 39language, v, 689population, i, 519See also Hemez ; Hemes ; Jenies.Jenbocas, iv, 561Jenies, vi, 687population, in, 633; vi, 687, 709See also Jemez.Jenoniswani, service rendered by, iv,325
Jerry, Capt., Chickasaw division of, i,508Jeskakake, vi, 214Jessup, Maj. Gen., vi, 476, 477, 479reference to proclamation of, i, 281Jesuit missionaries, among the NeutralNation, iv, 205, 206, 207labors of, v, 647, 699Jesuit missions. See Society of Jesus.Jesuits, French, missionary labors of, vi,734, 735Jesukawin Society, assembling of, inSpring, ii, 56See also Jeesukawin.Jetam, Soshawnese, or Snake, popula-tion of, in, 609Jewish customs, compared with Musco-gee, I, 272resemblance, to Indian, i, 39, 261Jewish descent of Indians. See Hebreworigin.Jicarillas ( Jacarillas, Jicarilla Apaches,Jicorillas), vi, 687and others, population of, v, 484Apache band, v, 203, 689brief account of, i, 243chief of, v, 206country occupied by, iv, 216, 217included with Apaches, vi, 686mention of dialect of, v, 203population, i, 243, 245, 519range, v, 206ruins in range of, v, 208Jim Boy, of Cleu wathta Town, iv, 575Jiraras, location of, in, 533Joe, Rogue River Chief, claims of, ni,155Jogues, vi, 734Johnson, Adams, paper by, on languagesof California, iv, 406-415report by, on Sacramento ValleyIndians, vi, 710vocabularies furnished by, in, 405Johnson, Capt., land granted to, v, 235Johnson, Guy, activities of, during Rev-olutionary War, vi, 282, 283Johnson, John, Esq., reference to chil-dren of, vi, 464Johnson, Sir John, battle of forces un-der, vi, 309commander at siege of Fort Stan-wix, vi, 292flight to Canada, vi, 278, 283
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 101Johnson, Sir John?Continuedforay led by, on Schoharie Valley,vi, 314on Mohawk Valley, vi, 313retreat from Fort Stanwix, vi, 290Johnson, M. H., statistics furnished by,vi, 718Johnson, P. O., attempt of, to establishmission, v, 188Johnson, Col. Richard, vr, 363Johnson, Hon. Robert, v, 450Johnson, Dr. Samuel, vi, 510Johnson, Rev. William, missionary lab-ors of, vi, 543-544Johnson, Sir William, v, 109, 512, 525
;
vi, 256, 404ability and influence of, vx, 282activities, among the Indians, vr,232-233attempt to capture Crown Point, vi,220authority in Indian affairs, vi, 216census undertaken by, vr, 270council held by, vi, 132-133, 252,253death of, vi, 278, 282grant to, in, 99Indian population estimated by, vi,272influence with Iroquois, vi, 209-211mention of work of, vr, 237policy of, iv, 481 ; vi, 223-224, 267-268speech to the Indians, vr, 225-226,229-231, 235war prosecuted by, vr, 234Johnson, U. S. Agent, vocabulary by, n,494Johnson Hall, capture by revolution-ists, vr, 278, 283Johnson's Straits, Indians of, v, 488Johnston, Adam, Bonaks described by,rv, 221Johnston, George, rrr, 85tradition supplied by, r, 302translations by, rrr, 419 ; rv, 534vocabulary by, rr, 458Johnston, Miss Jane, vr, 566
Johnston, John, brief account of, rrr,546letters of, ir, 522-525quoted on the Shawanoes, r, 19trading establishment of, vi, 398version of Indian war-song by, v,526-527Johnston, W., vocabulary by, n, 458Joliet, Sieur, v, 108explorations of, v, 648Jomard, M., v, 88characters identified by, i, 107mention of theory of, v, 396opinion of, on inscription, I, 122suggestion made by, v, 86Jones, C. C, acknowledgment to, in, 376Jones, D. R. Floyd, petition signed by,rrr, 618Jones, Rev. Evan, iv, 385Jones, John, translation by, rv, 531, 532Jones, Rev. Peter, work of, rv, 531-535Jones, Capt. Robert M., iv, 583Joques, Father, reference to murder of,vi, 139Jordan, A. L., petition signed by, rrr, 618Jornado del Muerto, disappearing rivernear, rv, 34Jos6 Marie, chief of Ionies and others, v,712Jossakeed or seer, classification, rr, 223-224explanation of functions, v, 445office of, r, 359, 413 ; rv, 492performance at lodge of, rv, 491 ; v,421-423power and functions of, v, 405, 422,423, 445secret society of, v, 71See also Jugglers; Meda ; Priests;Prophets.Journal of Caleb Swan, v, 253-255Judith River, tribes of, vr, 698Jugglers, activities of, rv, 495harm done by, rv, 637influence of, rr, 189methods in curing the sick, rr, 180-181, 198-199See also Priests ; Magicians.Jullien, John, treaty concluded by, v,677Jumarios. See Humanos.Jumbuicrariri, map showing location of,m, 96
102 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Jumonville, defeat of, vi, 215Juparivi, population of, i, 519
Kaadg ett ee, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census, v, 489Kaas ka qua tee, a Stikeen River tribe,v, 489census, v, 489Kabauu, a mythological character, v,409Kadapaws, probably the Catawbas, in,292Ka-da-wa-be-da, brief biography of, H,160-161Kadiac Island, classification of languageof, ni, 401Kadohadacho. See Cadrons.Kagonamok, Mandan chief, ni, 249Kagwatosa's Band, census of, i, 458-467Kah-da-waub-e-da, peace mission of, rr,158Kahkwas. See Kahquas.Kah lis pelm. See Kullas Palus.Kahokias. See Cahokias.Kah-po-sia (Kaposia, Ka-po-sia), n, 167aims of mission at, v, 697origin of name, ii, 171See also Little Crow's band.Kahquas (Kahkwas), conquered bySenecas, rv, 606possible identity of, m, 290, 291;rv, 197Seneca name for Andastes, in, 290,291Seneca name for Eries, vi, 149Kahruk, application of name, in, 151Kahtai, a S'klallam band, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Kahuncles, location, in, 571population, in, 571Kah-win-dum-a-win-so, chief of SandyLake band, n, 161Kaigani. See Ky gargey.Kainah. See Blood Indians.Kai-na-meah (Kai-no-meahs), opposi-tion to removal, in, 112territory of, in, 102Kaipetl (tribe), a Klamath River tribe,in, 634
Kai-petl (village), burning of, m, 139on Klamath River, in, 138Kaisun. See Kish a win.Kai-zhe-osh, Chief, mention of, i, 419Ka-kaik-o-gwun-na-osh, Chief, mentionof, i, 419Kake Indians, census, v, 489language, v, 489Kakwas, members of Erie league, n, 344Kalapooian family. See Kalapuya.Kalapooyahs. See Kalapuya.Kalapuya (Kalapooyahs), a linguisticfamily, ni, 402head flattening among, n, 326See also Calapooya.Kalawatset. See Kil lawatts.Kalispel. See Calapelins; Coospellar;Kullas Palus; Pend d'Oreilles;Ponderas.Ka-manito-wee, in, 366meaning of name, in, 366Kamantowit, Algonquin god, i, 286; v,39analysis of words, v, 39Kamiah. See Kimooenim band.Kanadaseagea, former Indian name ofGeneva, N. Y., vi, 310Kanawaga, a name for the St. Law-rence, vi, 33tribes on, vi, 301Kanchati. See Ecumchate.Kancho, an Athapascan tribe, ni, 542population, n, 28Kandouche (Kandoucho), a town of theNeutral Nation, iv, 206, 207Kaninahoick, country occupied by, in,596population, m, 596, 609See also Arapaho.Kansa, given as a synonym of Arkansas(State), ni, 537Kansa. See Kansas tribe.Kansas River, map of, i, 159Kansas (Kanzas) Territory, data onland of, v, 501Delawares in, v, 142tribes, condition of, vr, 536-551description, v, 485indigenous to, vi, 536transferred to, vi, 536
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 103Kansas (Kansies, Kanzas, Kanzes,Kasas) tribe, in, 557 ; vi, 423, 522,687affiliations, rv, 550appropriations for, n, 564classification, i, 197; in, 402condition, general, vi, 543description, iv, 467De Soto in the range of, n, 35fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 720,722, 723French relations with, vi, 237funds required for, n, 569identical with Cayas, rv, 310indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536lack of advancement, iv, 485lands of, iv, 572ceded by, n, 603 ; v, 451 ; vi, 459purchased from, n, 599statistics on, n, 605location, in, 577, 594 ; iv, 461, 486
;
v, 495 ; vi, 410, 705map showing, in, 96 ; vi, 519manner of living, vi, 481map showing colony of, iv, 180migration legend of, v, 98population, i, 523 ; in, 480, 594, 609iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 687, 705tin ore obtained by, i, 158, 159See also Canses ; Kaws ; Okanis.Kansas Valley, mineral resources of,i, 157Kansies. See Kansas tribe.Kanzas Agency, tribes embraced in, iv,466Kanzas Half-Breed Tract, extent of, v,496Kanzas province, sought by De Soto,in, 50Kanzas schools, investments for, n, 562Kanzas tribe. See Kansas tribe.Kanzes. See Kansas tribe.Kaos, name for Cahokia, in, 354Kapahas (Kiapaha), Classification of,iv, 321De Soto's encounter with, vi, 66identified as Quappas, iv, 310, 591
;
v, 98, 495See also Quapaw.Kaposia, Ka-po-sia. See Kah-po-sia.Kapozha. See Kah-po-sia ; LittleCrow's band.
Ka-quaith(s), a S'klallam band, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 491, 703; vi, 703Kaquatka, stronghold of the Eries, iv,200, 201supposed location of, iv, 201the modern Buffalo, iv, 200Karamee, Chief, Hi, 281Karankawa. See Carankoways.Karok. See Kahruk; Pehtsik.Karrakonta, Chief, v, 164Kasas. See Kansas tribe.Kasihta. See Cassita town ; Cussetaw
;
Cussitahs.Kaskaias, country occupied by, in, 596listed as a linguistic family, in,402population, in, 596, 609Kaskakoedi. See Kaaskaquatee.Kaskaski. See Kaskaskias.Kaskaskia language, an Algonquin dia-lect, ii, 341Kaskaskia River, reference to tumulion, iv, 128Kaskaskia (town), capture of, by Gen.Clarke, vi, 302-303remains of, rv, 135trading post at, vi, 185, 196, 269Kaskaskias (Kaskaski, Kaskaskies,Kaskasquias), vi, 6S7and others, dwelling grounds of,vi, 714fiscal statistics on, vi, 721, 723hunting grounds of, vi, 714annuities of, n, 584, 588, 589classification, n, 36 ; v, 145condition, general, iv, 467, 468report on, vr, 547creation myth, iv, 135-136descendants of Illinese, i, 59 ; v, 192descendants of mound-builders, rv,135De Soto among, in, 50; vi, 66division of the Illinese, v, 41friendly to the French, vi, 237lands of, rv, 572ceded by, n, 603claimed by, ni, 584disposal of, v, 496
. permanently granted to, v, 457purchased from, n, 593, 59S,600statistics on, n, 605
104 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Kaskaskias?Continuedlocation, in, 559, 584, 593 ; iv, 461
;
vi, 33, 705, 714maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180vi, 519missionary work among, vi, 734,735peace sought by, vi, 343Pontiac's death charged to, n, 308population, i, 523 ; in, 584, 593 ; iv,572; vi, 272, 687, 705, 714removal, vi, 516, 536plans for, in, 576, 577tradition of, vt, 600treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499warriors, estimate of, in, 555, 559See also Peorias and Kaskaskias.Kaska skies. See Kaskaskias.Kaskasquias. See Kaskaskias.Katakas, treaty with, vr, 4S9Katawabata, brief account of, ni, 360Katawabeda, Chief, i, 142 ; vi, 386Katcadi. See Kaadgettee.Katch ar tus tun nuck ee, a CowetaTown chief, iv, 579Kathlamet, mentioned as Spokans, vi,687See also Cathlamet.Kathlaminimin. See Clannarmin-namuns.Kathlamit. See Cathlamet.Katimin. See Sche-woh.Kato. See Eaten-da-kai-ee.Kaucamagus, Chief, v, 237Kauhuk. See Kahuncles.Kaukanauka, Cusic's name for Kienuka(q. v.), rv, 199Kauweh, a village and tribe on KlamathRiver, in, 138, 634Kaukwas, a tribe of the Neutral Nation,ii, 86Kaunaumeek, missionary work at, vi,734Kawchodinne. See Hare Indians ; Kan-cho.Kawia. See Cah-wee-os.Kawita. See Canitas ; Caouitas ; Cowe-tas.Kaws, French nickname for Kanzas, v,495
Kaws, etc.?ContinuedPawnees attacked by, iv, 593See also Kansas.Kay, Alexander, death of, in, 369voyage of, in, 355-369Kay, W., in, 353Kayaguas (Kayugas, Kayuguas), briefaccount of, i, 244population, i, 245, 519See also Kiowas.Kayashata, Seneca chief, iv, 269, 270,272, 273, 278Kayugas, Kayuguas. See Kayaguas.Kearns, Mr., Coronado's march chartedby, vi, 71See also Kern, Richard H.Kearny, Brig. Gen., reference to, i, 242Keawas, country occupied by, in, 596population, ni, 596, 609See also Kiowas.Kebiks, meaning of name, v, 40See also Montagnais.Ke-che-ba-be-se-gun-dib-a, n, 159brief biography of, n, 161-162Ke-che-waub-ish-ash, an Ojibwa war-rior, n, 157exploit of, n, 165Kechies. See Keechies.Kee ches, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Keechies (Kechies, Kitchies, Koechies),I, 237 ; in, 403 ; vi, 687and others, location, vr, 705population, vr, 705population, i, 518; in, 635; v, 702;vi, 687, 699, 708Kee chum a kar lo, a Skeena Rivertribe, v, 487census, v, 487Keek heat la, census of, v, 4S7location, v, 487Keeler, Mr., antiquities belonging to, n,90-91Keen ath toix, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kee tah hon neet, census of, v, 489language, v, 489Keewaygooshkum, treaty discussed by,vi, 395Keissnautchta, at conference with Col.Bouquet, vi, 261
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "TJ. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 105Kekeenowin (kekenowin, ke-kee-(no)-wins, ke-ke-no-win-un), best ex-amples of pictographic art, vi, 606pictographs of instruction, i, 351,361, 382, 405prophetic devices, I, 113See also Kekeewin.Kekeewin (kekewin), explanation ofthe term, I, 46, 112, 338, 351, 3S2,405 ; v, 76, 245 ; vi, 605-606inscriptions in symbolic characterof, iv, 119, 120; vi, 605See also Kekeenowin.Kelelimand, chief, v, 141Kelistenos. See Kenistenos.Kellbuck, treaty signed by, vi, 303Kelsey, Andrew, murder of, in, 109Kelsey, Benjamin, in, 155, 161, 167, 170,173guide of expedition, in, 133information supplied by, in, 108Kel ut sah, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kemble, G., petition signed by, in, 618Kemp, Jackson, iv, 583Kenabeca, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Kenabik, a type of evil, iv, 664Kenai, classification of, ni, 401Ken chen Kieg, a Chimsyan tribe, v,487census, v, 487Kendrick, Francis Patrick, report onmissions, v, 699Kenhulka, a Creek town, v, 262Kenisteno, Chief, I, 418Kenistenos (Kelistenos, Killisteneaux),a name for the Cree, v, 41; vi,205, 686beliefs of, v, 172ceremony of, vi, 627clothing of, v, 165-166customs of, v, 166-171distinct dialect of, n, 35Sgeneral account of, v, 164-172language of, v, 164migrations, reference to, n, 32origin and meaning of the name, v,145, 164physical characteristics of, v, 165,166sacred fire ceremonies of, v, 65-66
Kenistenos?Continuedterritory occupied by, v, 164-165;vi, 33warriors, estimate of, in, 556See also Cree Indians.Kennebec, vi, 174Kennebec (Kennebeck) River, discoveryof ruins on, vi, 608Indians living on, v, 218Kenouchamek, speech by, at councilwith Pontiac, n, 2S4-285Kenrick, Archbishop Francis P., citedon Catholic missions, v, 503report on missions, v, 699Kentucky, a neutral war-ground, vi, 32admission to the Union, vi, 393character of settlers in, ni, 342emigration to, in, 346Indians of, i, 300-301 ; vi, 32journal of journey to, ni, 337-346population and area of, iv, 610project for settlement of, vi, 263-264Keokuk, Fox chief, in, 281stature of, rv, 349Keowe, reference to sepulchre at, v, 115Ke par yar tus tun nuck ee, chief atEufaula, iv, 580Kepel. See Kai-petl.Keresan. See Chu-cha-cas ; Kes-whaw-hay.Kern, Benjamin, mention of death of,iv, 597Kern, E. M., Indian customs describedby, v, 649-650Kern, Richard H., map by, of Coro-nado's route, iv, 39murder of, by Indians, rv, 551, 597opinion on Coronado's route, iv, 24,32pictographs copied by, iv, 254quoted on pictographs, iv, 253reference to work of, iv, 597Kerokias, number of warriors of, in,555See also Cahokias.Kershaws, reference to extinct dialectof, ii, 344See also Catawba.Kes-whaw-hay language, Pueblos speak-ing, v, 6S9Ket an dou, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487
106 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ke-taw-kah, murder by, of Dr. Madison,in, 279Ke toon ok sbelk, a tribe of Nass In-dians, v, 487census, v, 487Kettel and Moore, Messrs., in, 384Kettle band, a Titon division, in, 629Kettle Falls Indians, map showing lo-cation of, m, 200population, i, 521See also Colville.Ke-tun-e-see, a Comanche chief, v, 683Ket wilk ci pa, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kewywenon, in, 367Kbabenapo. See Habe-napo.Khemnichan. See Hamine-chan ; RedWing band.Khesetoa, a town of the Neutral Na-tion, iv, 207Ki a li ge, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578Kiamulga, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578Kiantwanka, Indian name of Cornplan-ter, vi, 326Kiapaha. See Kapahas.Kiataws, brief description of, in, 83See also Coyoteros.Kiaways, listed as a linguistic family,in, 402See also Kiowas.Kichai. See Hitchies ; Keechies.Kickapoo language, an Algonquin di-alect, ii, 341Kickapoos, in, 278; vr, 452, 687agricultural labor, vi, 481alliance with Menomonie, i, 304and others, dwelling grounds, vi,714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vr, 714annuities of, n, 587, 589census, i, 488-497; in, 621-628classification, n, 36 ; in, 401 ; v, 145condition, after removal, vr, 542,544general, iv, 466fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 721,723French relations with, vi, 237funds required for, n, 569hunting grounds, vi, 714intruders in Texas, i, 240
Kickapoos?Continuedlands of, iv, 572ceded by, n, 603claimed by, in, 585conveyed permanently to, v,457purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 600statistics on, n, 605location, i, 488; in, 559, 585, 592;iv, 461 ; v, 495 ; vr, 705, 714map showing, in, 96; iv, 180;vi, 519Miamies aided by, vi, 335missionary work among, vr, 739,740name, discussion of, iv, 256supposed meaning of, v, 40synonomy, v, 41peace sought by, vi, 343, 364population, i, 523 ; in, 585, 592, 609,610 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 272, 687,705, 714relations with Mascoutins, iv, 245
;
vi, 204removal, v, 495 ; vr, 536condition after, vr, 542, 544plans for, in, 576, 577reservation ceded by, vr, 397supposed identity, v, 495traditional origin, iv, 255treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499; vi,3S0, 445war with Chickasaws, i, 311warriors, number of, in, 554, 555,559 ; vi, 271See also Kicopoux.Kick sa tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census, v, 489Kickuallis Indians, language of, iv, 600location of, iv, 598population of, iv, 59SSee also Kikiallis.Kicopoux, a form of the name Kickapoo,iv, 256totems of, in, 554See also Kickapoos.Kidder, Frederic, vocabulary preparedby, v, 690Kidnapping of Indians, n, 20, 35-36
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 107Kienuka (Kinuka), an Erie village, vi,148location of, iv, 199 ; vi, 148mention of, ni, 290; vi, 185Kigaschuta, a Seneca chief, vi, 261speech made by, vi, 262Kikatsik. See O-de-eilah.Kikiallis (Kikialis) Indians, location,v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 491, 704; vi, 703See also Kickuallis.Kikiallis River, tribe on, vi, 703Kikiallu. See Kickuallis ; Kikiallis.Kiksadi. See Kicksatee.Kilamukes. See Killamucks.Kil ca tah, a division of the Sabassas,v, 487census, v, 487Kilelimand, rv, 614Kiliga Town, a Creek town, iv, 576chiefs of, iv, 576Killamuck language, nations speaking,in, 571Killamucks (Kilamukes, Killamuks,Killemooks), in, 224; vi, 687head-flattening among, n, 326location, in, 201, 571Lower, classification of, ni, 402population, i, 521 ; in, 201, 571, 609
;
vi, 687Upper, classification of, in, 402See also Tillamooks.Killamuks. See Killamucks.Killawatts, location of, in, 571population, ni, 571Killaxthocles (Killaythocles), locationof, in, 571population of, ni, 571, 609Killaythocles. See Killaxthocles.Killeegko, a Creek town, v, 262Killemooks. See Killamucks.Killers, a synonym of Kenistenos (q. v.)
,
v, 145Killisteneaux. See Kenistenos.Kilutsai. See Kel ut sah.Kimi-ke-chawgon, or Big Nose, signa-ture of, ii, 226Kimooenim band, location of, in, 570population, in, 570Kimsquit. See Kui much qui toch.Kinagingeeg. See Kenchen Kieg.936706?54 8
Kin a wa lax, a tribe of Nass Indians,v, 487census, v, 487
"King," Indian, use of the title by earlywriters, in, 41King Hagler, assassination of, in, 295effect of death of, in, 295King Hendrick (Hendric), anecdoteconcerning, iv, 481at battle of Lake George, vi, 287brief description, vi, 220death, v, 44 ; vi, 2S1Gen. Johnson aided by, vr, 220Indian name of, vi, 220portrait of, vi, 220present at conference, v, 667King Philip, iv, 631 ; v, 121 ; vi, 173a Pokanoket, v, 130character and ability, vr, 172death, vr, 171description, vr, 151Indian name of, vi, 115origin of name, vi, 115tribal position, iv, 481See also King Philip's War ; Pome-tacom.King Philip's War, account of, vi, 153-172results, i, 287Kingsborough, Lord, mention of theoryof, v, 396reference to collection of, vi, 604,605, 646suggestion made by, v, 86Kingsbury, Rev. C, quoted on the Choc-taws, iv, 586 ; vi, 524-525King's River, Indian population at, vi,715vocabulary from, iv, 413-414King's River Reservation, report onconditions at, vr, 716Kinjockety, Susan, mention of family of,vi, 718Kinkla Indians, location, in, 201population, in, 201Kinnard, Jack (John), v, 254, 256account of, v, 260-261Kinship. See Relationship.Kinuhtoiah. See Keen ath toix.Kinuka. See Kienuka.Kinzie, Mr., the patriarch of Chicago,rv, 193
108 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Kiowa Apache. See Kaskaias; Ka-takas.Kiowas (Kioways), iv, 469; vi, 6S7, 70Slocation, vi, 705map showing, in, 96Pawnees attacked by, iv, 593population, i, 518, 523 ; vi, 687, 705,708treaty with, vi, 4S9See also Kayaguas; Keawas; Kia-ways.Kipp, James, vocabulary collected by,in, 252, 446Kirkland, Charles P., petition signed by,in, 618Kirkland, Samuel, v, 506, 520; vi, 312,321influence among Oneidas, v, 512-513missionary labors of, v, 515 ; vr, 277,734, 736Kish a win, census of, v, 489language, v, 4S9location, v, 489Kish-kemanisee, i, 304Kishpachlaots. See Kispachalaidy.Kiskokans, a branch of the Ottowas,in, 554Kispachalaidy, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kit a hon, a tribe of Nass Indians, v, 487census, v, 487Kitamat. See Kittamaat.Kitch a clalth, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kitchies. See Keechies.Kite Indians. See Marlain.Kit ha teen, a tribe of Nass Indians, v,487census, v, 487Kithlipecanuk town, location of, vi, 335Kitkahta. See Kilcatah.Kitkatla. See Keek heat la.Kitlakdamix. See Kin a wa lax.Kit Ian, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kitlani. See Kit Ian.Kit lope, a division of the Sabassas, v,487census, v, 4S7Kitsalthlal. See Kitch a clalth.Kit se lai so, a Skeena River tribe, v, 487census, v, 487
Kit ta maat, a division of the Sabassas,v, 487census, v, 487Kituanaha, a linguistic family, in, 402Kitunaha tribe, population of, v, 707Kitunahan Family. See Kituanaha.Kitunto. See Ket an dou.Kitwilgioks. See Kit will coits.Kitwilksheba. See Ketwilkcipa.Kit will coits, a Chimsyan tribe, v, 487census, v, 487Kitwinshilk. See Ke toon ok sheik.Kitzeesh. See Kee ches.Kitzilas. See Kitselaiso.Kiyuksa. See Ku-ux-aws; Wabushawband.Klamath Indians (Klamets), applica-tion of name, in, 138condition, in, 152location, in, 201 ; v, 493maps showing, in, 96, 200population, in, 201 ; v, 493war of extermination against, ni,210See also Clamets ; Klamath Rivertribes.Klamath Reservation, conditions at, vi,717population, vr, 715Klamath River, description of, m, 135-137Klamath River tribes, detailed accountof, ni, 138-144list of, in, 634population, m, 138, 156, 634villages, in, 138Klatsops. See Clatsops.Klatsop language, brief vocabulary of,ni, 223-224Klen ee kate language, tribes speaking,v,489Klikatats, population, v, 490, 705, 707;vi, 700Klikitat. See Clickatats; Klikatats;Vancouvers.Kloo. See Cloo.Klumaitumsh. See Clamoctomichs.Kluneolux, evil spirit of the Iroquois,vi, 630Knife cases, ornamented, illustrationof, ii, 561See also Knives.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 109Knife handle, illustration of, iv, 175Knife Hills, country of, described, iv,296-299Knistenaux (Knistenos, Knistinaux),in, 539classification, in, 401color of hair, n, 322enemies of the Chippewyans, v, 176population, in, 593tattooing among, v, 216See also Cree Indians.Knistenos. See Knistenaux.Knistinaux. See Knistenaux.Knives, materials used in making, i, 92Peruvian bronze, iv, 439-440Shoshonee, obsidian, i, 213See also Knife cases ; Knife handle.Knox, opinion, regarding Peruvianskulls, ii, 326Knox, Gen. Henry (Sec. of War), v,667; vi, 338letter to, from Caleb Swan, v, 251-252treaties negotiated by, vr, 332, 404Koasati. See Coosadas ; Coshattas
;
Cush-eh-tah.Koechies. See Keechies.Koeksotenok. See Quick sut i nut.Koetenay or Skaisi, map showing loca-tion of, in, 200See also Kutenai.Ko ho mut ki garts kar, an Upper Creektown, iv, 578Kokaitk. See Kokwaiytoch.Kok wai y toch, a Milbank Sound tribe,v, 487census, v, 487Koluschan family. See Koulischen.Koluschan language. See Klen ee katelanguage.Komkyutis. See Cum que kis.Komoyue. See Quee he Qna colt.Konic (Konick), mentioned as Spokans,vi, 687population, i, 521Ko nip pe e marth lar, a Thlakatch kachief, iv, 579Konteka, Chippewa chief, assertionmade by, rv, 142Koo-che-ta-kers, a Comanche division,ii, 128meaning of name, n, 128
Koog-ay-ray-kaw's Band, census of, i,49S-507Kook a tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census, v, 489Koolsaticara (Koolsatik-ara), vi, 687population, i, 522See also Kotsoteka.Kootenais (Kootoonais), vi, 699population, v, 707See also Kutenai.Koquathaheelon, influence used by, vi,300-301treaty signed by, vi, 303Kose-tah, a Shaste Valley band, in, 171Koskimo. See Kus ke mu.Kosotshe. See Luckkarso.Kotch ar bar jo, chief at Chehawah, iv,580Kotsoteka. See Cools-on-tick-ara ; Koo-che-ta-kers ; Koolsaticara.Kotzebue's Sound, classification of lan-guage of, in, 401Koulischen, a linguistic family, in, 402Koutaines, vi, 700See also Kutenai.Kow welth, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Kueha. See Quie ha Ne cub ta.Kuhlanapo. See Hula-napo ; Kula-napo.Kui much qui toch, a Milbank Soundtribe, v, 487census, v, 4S7Kukunshawinin, an Ojibwa war leader,ii, 155Kula-napo, a Clear Lake band, ni, 421See also Hula-napo.Kula-napo language, vocabulary of, ni,42S-434Kullas Palus (Kahlispelm), popula-tion of, v, 707See also Kalispel.Kunaloa, meaning of name, iv, 490Kun-de-kund, Chief, I, 41S, 419Kus ke mu, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 4S9census, v, 4S9Kutauwa. See Neeketoos.Kutchin. See Loo-choos.Kutenai. See Contamis; Cootenays;Cotonay ; Coutaria ; Koetenay orSkaisi; Kootenais; Koutaines.
110 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ku-ux-aws, a Yankton band, n, 169territory occupied by, n, 169Kwaiailk. See Staktamish.Kwakiutl. See Quacolth.Kwalhioqua. See Quillequaquas ; Quil-lequegaws ; Quilleoueoquas.Kwiisind, power of, I, 82Kwatami. See Quahtoma ; Saquaacha.Kwehtlmamish. See N'quutl-ma-inish.Kweimdlas. See Quiahanless.Kworatem. See Quoratem.Kwusathlkhuntunne. See Cosulhentan.Ky gargey Indians, v, 489census of, v, 489division, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489
La Barre, v, 121 ; vi, 190Laboise, Mr., n, 264Labor, among Apachees, v, 695among Comanches, n, 132among Dakotas, ii, 1S8attitude toward, n, 188, 548; iv,67, 68, 461 ; vi, 508, 566combined, evidence of, n, 31division of, n, 63-64, 132, 188; in,191, 211, 235 ; iv, 221-222of Aztec women, iv, 444of Creek women, v, 274, 275of Massachusetts Indians, i, 285of Navajo women, rv, 214, 217voluntary nature of, n, 64Labrador, classification of lauguage of,in, 401Labrosse, M., n, 273La Butte, M., interpreter at siege of De-troit, ii, 247, 279negotiation, with Indians, ii, 255,256, 257Labyrinth, described by Pimas, in, 305illustration of, in, 305Laclede, Maxan, and Co., v, 186Lac-qui-Parle, mission at, v, 697Ladies of the Sacred Heart, missionarywork of, v, 699Laek que lib la, a Queen CharlotteSound tribe, v, 4S8census, v, 488Lafitau, quoted on Indian mentality,in, 55La Fraumbois, Miss Madeline, vi, 566
Lagard, Father, death of, vr, 647Laguna (pueblo), iv, 216description, iv, 75-76illustration showing, iv, 72language, v, 6S9population, i, 519 ; in, 633Laguna Pueblos, vr, 687population, vi, 687, 709Lahanna, location, in, 572population, in, 572, 609Lahontan, Baron, reference to argu-ments of, v, 524travels of, i, 136Lake Athabasca, Indians of, v, 172Lake Calhoun Band, a Medawakantonband, in, 613census, i, 498-507Lake Champlain, Indians of, vi, 147Lake Coshkinong, headquarters of BlackHawk, vi, 453Lake Erie, antiquities of, ii, 85-88called Okswago, iv, 382fort commanding, vi, 198inscription on island in, vr, 605-606tribes of, v, 137 ; vi, 714Lake George, battle at, vi, 287naming of, vi, 220Lake Harriet, school at, v, 697Lake Huron, arrival at, of the French,vr, 206former name of, vi, 201, 202forts commanding, vi, 19Sorigin of name, iv, 382-383remains on island in, i, 102-103tribes of, vi, 33, 204, 714Lake Huron Chippewas, census of, i,458-467Lake Huron island, Indian name for, iv,491Lake Indians (Chippewas), populationof, vi, 692Lake Itasca. See Itasca Lake.Lake Julia, naming of, i, 143Lake Michigan, basin of, iv, 193forts commanding, vi, 198Indians of, v, 191 ; vi, 33, 206, 714origin of name, v, 191Lake Nepissing, Indians of, v, 143; vi,33Lake of the Woods, Indians of, vi, 33,205
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 111Lake Ontario, forts commanding, vr,198Indian name of, iv, 382tribes dwelling on, vi, 714Lake, refractions of light at, I, 172Lake St. Clair, tribes on, vi, 33See also Lake Sinclair.Lake Sinclair, probable origin of name,vi, 256Lake Superior, copper mining in regionof, I, 95-100effect on, of geological action, i,167-168forts commanding, vi, 198geology of region, rv, 190-192Indians of, v, 143, 184 ; vi, 34, 714physical features, rv, 187surveys in region of, iv, 190Lake Tezcoco, founding of Aztec capitalin, v, 96Lake Winnebago, Stockbridges on, vr,504Lake Winuebigoshish band, annuitiespaid to, vi, 723Lake Winnepek, tribes on, vi, 33Lake Winnepesaukee, Indian fishingplace at, v, 225, 226Lake Winnibeegish, Indians of, v, 185Lake Winnipeg, evacuated by the Sioux,ii, 151Lakes, North American, geological ac-tion of, i, 166-172Lakmiut. See Suchamier.Lallemand, vr, 734Lallemant, Pere Jerome, quoted on In-dian mentality, in, 56"Lama Virginia," arrival of, at Hum-boldt Bay, iii, 131Lamberville, Father (missionary), In-dian name of, vi, 141quoted on Indian warfare, vi, 144Lainy, Bishop (Joseph), v, 6S9, 699Lancaster, Mass., attack on, by Indians,vi, 164Lancaster, Pa., Indian treaty made at,vi, 136Lances, described, i, 78use of, in buffalo hunt, iv, 96Land, amount of, required for Indianfamily, n, 188 ; v, 485beliefs concerning ownership of, n,194; v, 458
Land?ContinuedCreek attitude toward, i, 277rights to, i, 224 ; n, 131Land cessions, by Indians in Illinoisand Michigan, vi, 393-395See also under tribal names.Lands, Indian, absorption of, iv, 180acreage of, ni, 581amount, ceded by Indians, m, 94area of, estimated, iv, 459total, iv, 183boundaries, adjustment of, vi, 455-456changes in, v, 121, 122claimed by Indian tribes, m, 583-586colonists' policy regarding, vi, 186contest for recovery of, vi, 357, 361desirability, vr, 263discussion of bill affecting, v, 451-473distribution, rv, 182-183English attitude concerning, vr, 173financial statement concerning, n,582-5S3need for permanent possession of,vi, 413possibilities, for agriculture, iv,183-184pressure on, rv, 180-181purchased, estimate of, n, 593-595recognition of rights to, vr, 320recommendations concerning, n,191, 548report of commission on, vr, 456report on, by Indian Bureau, vr,414-415sale of, discussed, i, 279 ; nr, 95-96statements concerning, rv, 572, 573,574statistics on, n, 590-606table of data on, v, 501title to, extinguished by treaties,vi, 436value of, mistakes concerning, vr,459See also under tribal names.Lane, Gov. Joseph, i, 437population reports by, i, 521 ; v,484 ; vi, 701-702Lane, Gov. Wm. Carr, letter of, on NewMexico dialects, v, 689quoted on Apache language, v, 203
112 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Lane, Ralph, colony established by, vi,86explorations conducted by, vi, 90Langdon, Win. Chauncy, summary by,of missions to Indians, vi, 731-740Language(s), as a test of national af-finity, iv, 656as an indication of origin, v, 82cause of multiplication of, v, 115development, v, 546philosophy of, v, 543-54SLanguages, Indian, n, 340-349 ; v, 289-290as indication of unity of tribes, v,289-290bibliography of works in, rv, 523-553characteristics, n, 346-349classification, in, 397-407compared with Greek, v, 132-133compared with Hebrew, v, 82, 86comparisons, v, 552-558compounding of words in, iv, 371-385conclusions based on study of, vi,673difficulties of recording, i, 215discussion of Celtic element in, iv,118discussion of Welsh element in, iv,118etymology of words in, i, 405formation of dialects of, v, 146importance of study of, iv, 523-524,656-657, 660, 666literature of, v, 535-625observations on, in, 420-423of California, in, 126-127, 420-423 ;iv, 406-415of Puget Sound district, iv, 600of the south-western tribes, i, 267-268plan of thought of, n, 346-349preserved by tribes, in, 96principles of, in, 407-419 ; vi, 671-684study of origin based on, i, 40; v53texts in, v, 601-607word-composition of, v, 593-600work of classifying, in, 405, 406
Languages?ContinuedSee also Dialects; Dictionary;Etymology; Grammatical notes;Lexicon ; Linguistic notes ; Liter-ature ; Vocabularies. For spe-cific languages, see under tribalnames.La-pap-poos, a Tuolumne band, rv, 407La Petite Corne, m, 364, 365La Petite Rat, in, 360Laplan, account of, by Scheffer, i, 425inscriptions from, i, 425-128Lapointe (La Pointe), chief Ojibwatown, n, 136former Odjibwa council seat, v, 39founding of mission at, v, 648Indian treaty at, v, 187story of evacuation of post at, n,147-148La Pointe Chegoimegon (Chegoimie-gou), Chippewa seat of govern-ment, v, 524Pillagers at, v, 184La Potherie, quoted on Indian men-tality, ni, 56La Purissima Concepcion, population of,i, 520L'Arbre Croche, treaty made at, vi, 386L'Arbre Croche Ottawas, census of, i,478-487Larlielo (Lartielo), location, in, 572population, in, 572, 609 ; v, 706See also Sinhumanish ; Spokans.La Salle, Robert, n, 30; vi, 185explorations of, i, 135-136; rv, 199importance of discoveries of, vi,196, 197Michigan visited by, vi, 382observations of, v, 108Lasallier, Baptiste, prominent Winne-bago, described, iv, 234-235Las Casas, Spanish policy denouncedby, in, 23work assigned to, vi, 72Larned, Gen., arrival of, at Fort Stan-wix, vi, 290La Sue, dwelling grounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714See also Dakota.Latham, quoted on unity of Americanaborigines, v, 290-292
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 113Laticunga, mound near, described, v, 92La Tour, Claude, laud granted to, v, 675mention of wife of, v, 674Laudonniere, Rene de, II, 22expedition of, vi, 74-77Fort Caroline erected by, vi, 743Laugbty marturbar, cbief of Wewoak-car, iv, 576Laugh ty micco, of Cleu wathta Town,iv, 575Lava, pots made of, i, 211Laval, Francis de, v, 647Lavall, Capt, vi, 376Lavail, V., ruins of earthworks de-scribed by, v, 663Lavelle, L., member of expedition, m,353Laviollet, M., in, 355Lawrence, Capt., rv, 629Lawrence, Charles, treaty concluded by,v, 677Laws of the United States, Indian atti-tude toward, ii, 190recommendations concerning, n,190, 191, 192regarding Indians, discussion of, i,255-256Lawson, John, Santees described by, vr,182travels of, iv, 155-158Layard, Mr., mention of, rv, 489, 492,494Layma, mention of, rv, 77Lea, L? report of, n, 547-560Lead mines, mention of discovery of,in, 280Lead ore, Wisconsin and Iowa, i, 160League of the Iroquois. See IroquoisConfederacy.Leary, W. O., v, 659Leather, articles of, made by Creeks,v. 692Leavenworth, Col., i, 338Sioux language studied by, vr, 392Le Boeuf, Fort, reference to taking of,iv, 614surrender of, vi, 234Le Caron, Father, rv, 205La Clerc, iv, 206L'Ecoree, totem of, in, 554Le Cousin, m, 360attack of, on Mr. Kay, in, 362
Lee, Arthur, Indian Commissioner, vi,323treaty concluded by, vi, 327Lee, Charles A., petition signed by, in,618Lee, Elisha, v, 668Lee, Zadock, mention of, iv, 315Leeberkuhn, Rev. Samuel, work of, iv,540Leech Lake, ceremony at, v, 422, 435description of, v, 190-191Indians of, v, 145, 185, 191origin of name, v, 190-191Pillagers at, v, 1S5Leech Lake Indians, population of, m,366See also Pillagers.Lee's Creek, Presbyterian station at,rv, 589Le Fort, Abraham, Onondaga chief, in,314vocabulary by, n, 4S2Legends (myths, tales, traditions), Al-gonquin, of Bamondu, rv, 555Algonquin, of Bokewa, iv, 561Algonquin, of the mastodon, iv, 562and aboriginal mythology, i, 316-332Apache, concerning Montezuma'sdaughter, v, 211Cherokee, regarding wars, iv, 137Chippewa, of a hunter lad, n, 229-230Chippewa, of a merman, i, 417Chippewa, of little Monedo, in, 31S-320Chippewa, of magic, in, 491-^192Chippewa, of Manabosho, v, 149-150Chippewa, of the origin of Indiancorn, n, 230-232Chippewa, of the Wolf-brother, n,232-234concerning mound-builders, rv, 136-137concerning over-fasting, n, 229difficulties connected with, i, 65-66geographical features mentioned in,ni, 270Iowa, of a deluge, m, 263Iroquois, of shipwreck, I, 125-126Mohegan, of drinking scene, n,23-24
114 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Legends?Continuedof ante-Columbian epoch, i, 19-27of eternal fire, v, 6S-69of European arrivals, I, 18of heroes, I, 18of Manabozho, i, 317 ; v, 149-150of origin of corn, I, 311; n, 230-232 ; m, 538of origin of Five Nations, v, 157-163, 636-616of origin of flint stones, i, 317of origin of maize and beans, iv,343of origin of music, vi, 640of origin of tobacco, rv, 343of the deluge, i, 17; in, 263; iv,230, 231 ; v, 31, 63, 173, 687 ; vi,571-572, 638of the God of War, vi, 642of the Little Orphan, i, 329of the Magic Circle, I, 327of the monster era, i, 18of the settlement of North America,v, 633-635of the sun and moon, v, 417-419;vi, 639-640of warfare, n, 140-143of Togowanea, iv, 199-201Ojibwa, compared with Hebrewhistory, n, 136place of, in aboriginal history, i,13-14Seneca, of Great Snake, in, 322-323Seneca, regarding wars, iv, 137,203, 345-346Shawanoe, of ancient Florida, ni,82told by Pontiac, of the Loup Indian,ii, 243-247Toltec, of Xolotl, rv, 561Tuscarora, regarding white colony,iv, 117, 118Winnebago, mention of, in, 267Wyandot, of Sayadio, ii, 235Wyamlot, Trapping in Heaven, ni,320-322See also Migration legends ; Origintraditions.Leggins, described, in, 66-67illustrated, in, 66male and female, iv, 58
Legrand, Judge, n, 268Leiber, Francis, paper by, on Indianlanguages, n, 346-349Le Jeune, Paul, missionary work of,in, 320Le June, Pere, quoted on Indian men-tality, ni, 55Lekwiltok. See Laek que lib la; Ne-culta.LeMoyne [Jacques], Indians delineatedby, vi, 74Le Moyne, Father Simon, iv, 208Lenalinepies, a synonym of Delawares,v, 669Lenape Indians (Lenapees, Lenapis,Lenni Lenapees, Lenno Lenape,Lenno Lenapi), v, 122, 147allies of Iroquois, vi, 176antecedents, v, 99antiquity of, i, 197at siege of Detroit, n, 284, 285, 301bands occupying New York Bay, vi,100conquered by Six Nations, n, 37cranial measurements, n, 335forced migration of, iv, 280 ; vi, 207history, vi, 176-178migration, vi, 197forced, rv, 2S0tradition, iv, 147; v, 98, 134;VI, 176-177name for the Delawares, v, 41 ; vi,687meaning of, v, 136 ; vi, 147, 177rank among tribes, i, 265reference to language, n, 36 ; in, 96reference to traditions of, rv, 136;v, 61stature, iv, 349subjugated by Iroquois, in, 196-197 ; vi, 195, 197superior physique of, v, 243-244tale of, told by Pontiac, n, 243-247territory occupied by, vi, 32, 147,177, 207totems, rv, 666See also Delawares.Lenapee-Algonquins, migration and di-vision of, vi, 116Lenapees, Lenapis. See Lenape In-dians.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 115Lenni Lenapees, Lenno Lenape, LennoLenapees, Lenno Lenapi. SeeLenape Indians.Lenno Lenapean stock, tribes of, iv, 617Lenno-Lenapi language, publications in,iv, 540-541Lentes (Lentis, Leutis), vi, 687change in, v, GS9population of, i, 519; in, 633; vi,6S7, 709Leon, Ponce de. See Ponce de Leon.Leon, M. de, appealed to, by Pontiac, n,267Lepans. See Lipans.Le Petit Mort, in, 361wound treated by, ni, 363Letters, steps in development of, i, 342Leutis. See Lentes.Lewis, Chief, v, 514Lewis, Colonel, death of, vi, 266Lewis, Gen. Andrew, expedition com-manded by, vi, 266treaty signed before, vi, 303Lewis, Meriwether, and Clark (e), Wil-liam, n, 29; vi, 380among the Mandans, in, 249explorations of, vi, 349Indian population estimated by, v,484observations of, v, 100route of, vi, 349Shoshonees described by, i, 199, 200tribes encountered by, vi, 349Lewis, Gen. Thomas, treaty signed be-fore, vi, 303Lewis River Snakes, population, v, 493position, v, 493Lewiston Indians, missionary workamong, vi, 737Lexicon, Algonquin, English-Chippewa["A" only], v, 565-569L'Herminier, M., n, 320cranium discovered by, n, 320Libyan element, suggestion of, in Indianculture, v, 86Lignite in Rocky Mountain region, i,218Limestone, blue, in Snake territory, i,209Lindley, Eleazer, v, 668Linguistic manuscripts in preparationby Gallatin, in, 399
Linguistic notes, i, 30G, 316, 340, 354, 355,358, 359 ; n, 50, 104, 13S, 160, 228,404 ; in, 61, 74, 100, 2S8, 298, 353,360, 361, 366, 367-368, 491, 502,523-524 ; iv, 6S, 117, 199, 202, 259,306, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421,422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 428, 432,531-538 ; v, 2S, 29, 36, 38, 39, 40,105, 133, 134, 136, 148, 172, 173,216, 217, 222, 225, 226, 227, 418,429, 547, 578, 579, 580, 581, 584,5S6, 5S7; vi, 52, 53, 83, 86, 137,140, 147, 174, 177, 217, 227, 264,278, 326, 354, 468, 483, 552, 573,676, 681Linguistic stocks, classification, i, 195-198; in, 397-407east of the Mississippi, vi, 31east of the Rockies, n, 343map showing location, n, 28number, north of Mexico, in, 403preservation, in, 96See also Generic families.Linpoilish, maps showing location of,ni, 96, 200See also Sanpoil.Lipans (Lepans), in, 403; vi, 687and others, estimated population of,v, 484brief account of, i, 239linguistic affinities, v, 203location, vr, 705population, i, 518; in, 635; vi, 6S7,705, 708result of attacks on, vi, 708See also Canees ; Seepans.Liquors. See Alcoholic liquors.Litchfield, ancient name of, v, 225Literature of the Indian languages, iv,523-564Litter, construction of, i, 254use of, n, 180 ; rv, 243illustrated, n, 180Little Abraham. See Abraham.Little Bear, Chief, n, 34brief account of, I, 231Little Beard, Chief, at Canandaiguacouncil, vi, 326prisoner butchered by, vi, 311Little Billy, Chief, annuity of, n, 584present at conference, v, 667Little Buffalo, a noted Pillager, v, 1S9
116 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152
Little Chickasaw, De Soto encamped at,in, 46Little Clam, chief of Red Lake band, n,165Little Cloud, Chief, mention of, vi, 469Little Crow, Seven Fires defined by, n,169Little Crow's band, a Medawakantonband, in, 613listed as one of Seven Fires, n, 169See also Kah-po-sia.Little Crow's village, census of, i, 498-507Little Curly Head, chief of Gull Lakeband, n, 165Little Dekonie's band, census of, i, 498-507Little Detroit, use of the name, m, 355Little Doctor of Tuck a batch cha Town,iv, 575Little Flathead Indians, population of,vi, 701Little Hill, chief, drawing made by, n,224Little Miami, earthworks of, explained,iv, 127Little Mills band, census of, i, 498-507Little Orphan, story of, i, 329Little Osage, vr, 540annuities of, n, 585Osage band, in, 594See also Great and Little Osage.Little Pine, Chief, brief account of, iv,557Little Prairie Indians, identification of,i, 307garden beds attributed to, i, 59See also Mascoutens.Little Rapids band, listed as one ofSeven Fires, n, 169Little Six's band, a Medawakantonband, in, 613census, i, 498-507one of Seven Fires, n, 169Littleson, Gov. H. W., in, 294Little Tallassie, v, 254Creek town, v, 262French fort at, v, 278location, v, 257map of, v, 255Little Thunder's band, census of, i, 498-507
Littleton, Gov., treaty concluded by, vi,238Little Turtle, Chief, Indian force led by,vi, 217treaty signed by, vi, 344victories of, v, 528Liver disorders, treatment for, iv, 512Liver-eaters. See Teu-a-wish.Lligunos, a synonym of Dieguenos, n,100Lloyd, Edward, signer of Indian treaty,vi, 144Lock(e), Dr. John, cited on age ofmound, vi, 600earthworks discovered by, iv, 130Ohio ruins described by, v, 660-662reference to discovery by, iv, 174;v, 61, 114Lodges, Bonak, construction of, iv, 223California, construction of, in, 218Chippewa, illustration of, v, 394Dacotah, description, iv, 67destruction, after a death, vi, 623Iroquois, construction of, iv, 662materials used for, iv, 56-57menstrual, description, v, 70Navajo, description, m, 70 ; rv, 213of Klamath River tribes, in, 140oracular, description, v, 421illustrated, v, 428order in, in, 236Oregon, construction of, ni, 218Osage, construction of, iv, 304social life, ni, 237, 239summer, of Winnebago, iv, 56-57vapor-bath, description, v, 424See also Wigwam.Logan, Chief, in, 22, 198; v, 121; vi,237, 265, 266, 647anecdotes concerning, rv, 619, 620appearance and character, rv, 619,621, 622biography, rv, 614-627birthplace, vi, 264death, rv, 627emulated by Red Jacket, v, 669facts connected with speech of, in,56Indian name of, iv, 616leader of the Mingoes, vi, 266murder of family of, rv, 623-624,627-629, 630, 631 ; vi, 264-265
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 117Logan, Chief?Continuedoratory of, in, 340 ; iv, 627 ; v, 410,518origin of name, rv, 616son of Shikelimo, vi, 264speech, iv, 615stature, iv, 349tribe of, discussed, iv, 616war made by, on Whites, rv, 624Logan, James, iv, 338, 339Log house, adopted by Cherokees, rv,662Logstown, council held at, vi, 213-214Mingo chief at, vi, 213, 214Loin-cloth or azian, in, 65described and illustrated, in, 68Lokulk, population of, in, 609London Society for the Propagation ofthe Gospel, v, 122 ; vi, 516Long, Lieutenant, sketch by, of wigwam,ni, 70Long, Ma.i. S. H., mention of expeditionof, vi, 519route of expedition of, i, 143Long, R., copper implements discoveredby, v, 665-666Long Canes settlement, Indian attackon, vi, 239Long House, a name for the Five Na-tions, v, 636, 645Long Island, classification of languageof, m, 401Indian belief concerning, v, 38Long Island tribes, generic name of, vi,147Long Knives, Pillager name for Ameri-cans, v, 188"Long River," attempts to locate, i, 136-137Loo Choos (Lou-choos), also calledQuarrelers, n, 27excepted from Athapascan group,v, 172reference to dialect of, n, 27See also Loucheux.Looking glass, Indian, illustrated, ni,65Loom, small, illustration of, rr, 516use of, ii, 515See also Weaving.Lopez, Diego, discovery by, iv, 562Loquamish, population of, v, 491position, v, 491
Lord's Prayer, French version of, v,591in Anglo-Saxon, v, 590in Chippewa language, v, 592in Choctaw language, v, 592in Dacotah or Sioux language, v,592in Mahican language, v, 591in Massachusetts Indian language,v, 591in Milicete language, v, 592Luther version of, v, 590Los Punoois, iv, 564Los Ranchos pueblo, changes in, v, 689Lost tribes of Israel, theory regarding,ii, 136, 357See also Hebrew origin of Indians;Jewish customs.Los Vasqueros, province of, rv, 40Lotchnoay band, skirmishes with, vi,359-360Loucheux, classification of, in, 401language, n, 27 ; in, 542See also Loo Choos.Loudoun, vi, 233Loughridge, R. M., in, 3S4antiquities described by, v, 660work of, rv, 546Louis, Colonel, aid rendered by, tocolonists, vr, 280Louisburg, fall of, vr, 234Louisiana, admission to the Union, vr,393Indian population of, in, 585, 586;v, 480, 481population and area of, rv, 610settlement of, v, 108; vi, 185Louisiana mission, work of, vi, 735Louisiana Purchase, importance of, I,181Loup River, tribe on, vr, 547Loups, synonym of Delawares (q. v.),v, 41, 136Love, Slone, Chickasaw division of, I,50SLove songs, Chippewa, v. 559-562symbols used for, i, 403-404Lower Creeks. See Creeks, LowerLower towns, Creek. See Creek towns,Lower.
118 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Lowrie, Walter, acknowledgment to,in, 376manuscript transmitted by, iv, 550Muscogee metal plates describes by,in, 89work of, in, 256, 259Lowry, Rev. D., aborigines discussedby, in, 471-^80paper by, on condition of Indians,ii, 526-537Lowry, David, report on Winnebago,in, 281, 2S2Lowry, Miss Elizabeth, vocabulary by,ii, 214Lowry, S. B., information furnished by,in, 284Lowry, Walter, iv, 535Loyola, v, 88 ; vi, 72Spanish policy upheld by, in, 23Lucas, Gov., in, 281Lu chi paga, an Upper Creek town, iv,578Luckawis, location, in, 571population, in, 571Luckkarso, location, in, 571population, in, 571, 609Lucktons, location, in, 571population, in, 571Lugh se le, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Lu Ian na, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Lulbegrud, a Shawnee town, i, 301Lummi, location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704; vi, 703See also Hookluhmic ; Nooklummi
;
Nookluolamic ; Noothum.Lummi River, Indians on, vi, 703Lund, Dr., discoveries, in Brazil, n,319Lu-pa-yu-ma, use of name, in, 110Luther, Martin, v, 88Lutuamian family. See Luturim.Luturim, a linguistic family, in, 402Lycoming Creek, Indian name for, iv,328Lykins, Dr., i, 159Lykins, Johnson (Johnston), transla-tions by, rv, 539, 541Lyman, vi, 169Lynx, The. See Peshkewah.
Lyon, J. L., quoted on beard of the In-dian, in, 377Lyons, Capt., hi, 109MMacapacelite, Chief, n, 259See also Mackatepelicit.M'Arthur, Gen., vi, 364Ma-caw (Makaw) Indians, vi, 687account of, iv, 600, 602 ; v, 700location, iv, 598population, i, 521 ; iv, 598 ; vi, 687,701See also Makah.McBride, James, v, 666M'Call, Dr., burials described by, n, 318skeleton obtained from, n, 318M'Clellan, Capt., v, 664 ; vi, 612, 613M'Clure, missionary, meeting with Lo-gan, rv, 621McClure family, burial place of, v, 673Maccoa, vi, 74Macconce, or Little Bear, signature of,n, 226M'Connell, Mr., charges made against,vi, 475M'Coy, Isaac, i, 57M'Crea, Miss Jane, reference to fate of,vi, 284M'Dermit, Charles, in, 161, 167explorations of, in, 155M'Donald, expedition led by, vi, 307McDonald, James, letter by, n, 304-306M'Donald, Walter, in, 173McDougal, Lt, vx, 245M'Dougal, Mr., n, 305escape from Indians, n, 289held as hostage, n, 258-264M'Dowell, Col., vi, 375Mace, description, i, 78, 92-93illustration of, i, 77use, i, 92-93See also War club.M'Gillivray, Alexander, Caleb Swan'sjourney with, v, 251-252Creeks reorganized by, v, 2S1peace delegation headed by, vi, 332,365reference to marriage of, vi, 345,351winter home of, v, 252McGilvery, William, a Creek chief, rv,576
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 119Machecous, m, 559estimate of warriors of, in, 557, 559See also Creeks; Muskogees.M'lntosh, Gen., expedition of, vi, 301Mcintosh, Roily (Roly), vi, 533chief of the Muscogees, I, 267; vi,533Creek emigrants led by, vr, 479M'lntosh, trader, reference to marriageof, vi, 345, 351M'lntosh, Gen. William, vi, 376death penalty paid by, v, 577; vi,417treaty signed by, vi, 417Mackanotin, census of, v, 493Mackatepelicit, second chief of Ottawas,II, 248, 251See also Macapacelite.M'Eee, Col., m, 161, 167, 170, 173, 176
;
v, 101M'Kee, John, in, 173M'Kee, Redick, data on population by,in, 634 ; v, 484 ; vi, 705, 711journal of expedition of, in, 99-177M'Kenney, Thomas L., appointment of,to head Indian Bureau, vi, 404letter from, to Secretary of War,in, 580-582statement submitted by, in, 583-586McKenney, Thomson, rv, 583Mackenzie, Sir Alexander, ceremoniesdescribed by, vi, 627quoted on Chepeweyans, 1, 19quoted on fire ceremonies, v, 65-66M'Kenzie, Kenneth, vocabularies fur-nished by, ni, 398Mackinaw Island, Indian name of, n,139M'Kinney, Dr., in, 161M'Kinney, Rev. E., acknowledgmentto, m, 376Mackintosh, Mr., narration of, concern-ing the Mandans, in, 253McLain (McLean), Nathaniel, acknowl-edgment to, ni, 375vocabulary transmitted by, n, 206McLaughlin, Dr., v, 664M'Loughridge, Rev. R. L., acknowl-edgment to, in, 376M'Murray, Mrs. Charlotte, vi, 566M'Nab, Andrew, western New York de-scribed by, i, 163-165
Macomb, Gen., vr, 398Mad Blue of Tuck a batch cha Town,iv, 575Mad Dog, Chief, at battle at Attasee,vi, 368chief of Tuckabatchees, v, 254, 263Mad River, brief description of, in, 133Mad River Indians, vocabulary obtainedfrom, in, 133Madahas, included with Caddoes, vi, 686See also Anadarko.Madii-win-inee, curing art of, n, 224Madison, Dr., murdered by Ke-taw-kah,ra, 279Madison, James, Indian activities un-der, vi, 353-376remarks by, on Canadian posts, in,333vocabulary from papers of, ni, 424Madoc, Prince, v, 60 ; vi, 182colony led by, vr, 742discussion of story of, v, 34reference to tradition of, i, 124voyage of, reference to, iv, 81, 118Madodiswon, ceremony of, v, 425-426use of, v, 424, 426Magic, discussion of, iv, 489-497; v,415-441practice by secret societies, v, 71use in hunting, n, 51 ; v, 397See also Medical practices; Sor-cery; Witchcraft.Magic Circle, story of, I, 327Magician, office of, discussed, i, 358-359See also Juggler ; Medicine man.Magnusen, Prof., i, 107inscription interpreted by, iv, 119Magoffin, James, information obtainedfrom, iv, 628letter from, regarding Col. RichardSparks, iv, 629-632reference to letter of, iv, 628Magui villages. See Moqui.Mahaha, a village of the Ahahways, m,250Mah-ha-os, a division of the Yuma, n,116See also Mohave.Mahican language, data respecting prin-ciples of, v, 618-620Lord's Prayer in, v, 591
120 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 352Mahicans (Mahikanders), iv, 332affiliations, iv, 617government, v, 504identification, v, 506missionary work among, v, 503, 506place of refuge, v, 519-520population, v, 504subjection to Iroquois, rv, 617See also Aquatzagane; Mohicans;Orunges.Mahigan, Pontiac's plans betrayed by,ii, 249Mahikanders. See Mahicans.Mahomedanism, date in Hindoostan, v,58Mahomet, story of, compared withWyandot tale, in, 322Main White River, Indian populationof, v, 491Maine, Indian lands in, ni, 586 ; v, 480Indian population, in, 583, 5S6; v,480Indians occupying coast of, vi, 744northern, Indians of, v, 218population and area of, rv, 610Maize. See Corn.Makahs, location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Clossets; Ma-caw; Quin-nechart.Makaw. See Ma-caw; Makah.Mai Anton, Indian guide, n, 111Malayan race, civilization of, iv, 357heads of, described, iv, 357territory occupied by, rv, 357Malecite. See Amalecites ; Etchemins
;
Melecites.Malecite language. See Milicete lan-guage.Malte-Brun, races classified by, rv, 355Mamalelekala. See Mar ma li la calla.Mammatsican, Mohickanders repre-sented by, at council, vi, 132Ma-mong-e-se-da, Chief, ally of theFrench, n, 150at the fall of Quebec, n, 148Mamongizida, chief at Chegoimiegon, v,525friend of the French, v, 525Manabosho (Manabozho, Menabozhoo),Algonquin conception of, vi, 659Algonquin mythological hero, i, 18
;
v, 63
Manabosho?Continuedheredity, v, 147mythological hero of the Chippewa,v, 147pictographic devices of, v, 150power of, i, 82 ; vi, 662tales of, i, 317-319; v, 149-150works of, v, 419See also Nenabozhoo.Manahoac. See Mannahoacs.Manatouline(s), meaning of name, vi,202scheme for removal of Chippewasto, vi, 463tribe occupying, vi, 202war with inhabitants of, vi, 203Ma naw way, a Creek chief, iv, 576Manchester, Indian village at, v, 225Manco Capac, the Ghebir, i, 13 ; v, 105account of, v, 94supposed origin of, iv, 123Mandan language, n, 239 ; in, 252classification, in, 252, 255conclusions concerning, in, 406distinct from others, in, 595, 630peculiarities, in, 255vocabulary, ni, 255-256, 446-459Mandans (Mandons) , v, 180, 494 ; vi, 687analogous to Upsarokas, in, 514and Upsarokas, description of, in,247-256census, vi, 556classification, in, 402color, n, 321comparative intellectual develop-ment, in, 250cranial capacity, in, 250cranial measurements, n, 335effect of smallpox on, n, 239; m,254 ; vi, 486enemies, m, 248eyes, n, 321habitations, vi, 695hair, n, 321, 322history, m, 253-254in the Dacota group, n, 37location, in, 595 ; v, 494 ; vi, 556, 705map showing, in, 96ordeals endured by, v, 59-60origin and affiliations, in, 247-256origin tradition, ni, 247-248permanent village, in, 630physical characteristics, m, 250, 254
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 121Mandans?Continuedpopulation, i, 257, 523; n, 239; in,249-250, 253, 254, 595, 609, 630,631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 687, 695, 696, 705reference to territory, iv, 486religion, in, 248shape of skulls, n, 317theory of origin, v, 60villages, in, 248-249, 250, 253visited by Lewis and Clarke, in, 249warfare, in, 253Mandioca root, press used for, iv, 445illustrated, rv, 456use as food, iv, 445-446Mandons. See Mandans.Manecis, in, 558Maneto. See Manito.Manhattan Island, derivation andmeaning of name, iv, 379 ; v, 593
;
vi, 101Hudson repulsed at, n, 23tribe occupying, vr, 100Manhattans (Manhattauese), brief ac-count of, vi, 100-101derivation of name, v, 38hostility to Hendrik Hudson, n,23origin, vi, 116state of culture, v, 107territory occupied by, vi, 32, 147Manido. See Manito.Manistee River, census of Indians of,i, 458-467Manito (s) (Maneto, Manido, Manitoe,Monedo, Moneto), i, 34-35Algonquin Creator, iv, 664; v, 143,402beliefs concerning, v, 402-404; vr,629-630benevolent spirit, iv, 637boulders representing, i, 94ceremony of invocation to, v, 435-437explanation of the term, iv, 621;V, 71, 416-417; VI, 658feast given to, v, 426illustration of, I, 129nature of, v, 75selection for totems, v, 74Manitoosh, evil spirit of Algonquins, vi,630
Mankind, classification of races of, iv,355-357discussion of unity of, iv, 358-359,364-365 ; v, 2S8-289racial variations, iv, 360-365Manlius stone, I, 109; v, 85illustration of, v, S5 ; vr, 611Mannahoacs, v, 122Manners and customs, in, 53-70; v, 49-82 ; vr, 442, 614-635as an indication of origin, v, 57-70,81-82ceremonial, attitude toward, vr, 212changes in, vi, 61S-625evidence of unity in, rv, 172general similarity in, v, 56Indian, compared with Biblical, in,243-244compared with Hebrew, i, 38,261 ; v, 86compared with Hindoo, v, 57-60, 217compared with Oriental, v, 415influences affecting, v, 80; vi, 615,672-673of Apaches, v, 210-212of Bonaks or Root-Diggers, iv, 221of California tribes, v, 214-217, 649-650of Creeks, v, 264-274of Dacotahs, in, 233-246 ; iv, 59-72of Moquis, iv, 72-91of Navajos, rv, 72-91, 213-214, 217-218of New England tribes, vr, 109-110of Oregon tribes, v, 651-657of Texas Indians, v, 682-685of Winnebagos, iv, 51-59See also Customs ; Etiquette ; Fam-ily life; Greetings; Hospitality;and also under tribal names.Mante, Maj., vr, 272quoted on Indian character, vi, 239Manteo, vi, 84, 85, 182, 186made Lord of Roanoke, vi, 93service as interpreter, vr, 89, 90, 91Manzana, population of, i, 519Maple River band, census of, i, 478^187Maple sugar, made by Winnebagoes, rv,58
122 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Maps, ethnographical, of Indian tribes,in 1600, ii, 28ideographic, by Botturini, I, 20made by an Ioway brave, in, 250-257of country of the Iowas, in, 256of Creek country, v, 253of Cunningham's Island, ii, 84of earthworks, Cunningham's Is-land, ii, 84of Georgia, with part of Florida,Louisiana, and Carolina, in 1764,v, 253of Oregon, showing location oftribes, in, 200of route of Coronado's expedition,iv, 39of route of De Soto, in, 50of sources of the Mississippi, vi,451of Teton fortifications, v, 100of the Indian colonies west of Mis-souri and Arkansas, 1853, iv, 180
;
vi, 519of the southwestern part of NewMexico, iv, 24on bark, drawn by Indians, v, 184showing boundaries of the Ojibwa,Menomonee, Winnebago, and Da-cotah tribes, 1851, n, 137showing Iowa migrations, in, 256-257showing location of linguisticstocks, n, 28showing location of tribes, n, 28,137 ; in, 96, 200 ; iv, 24, 39, 180Maquas, enemies of Pennacooks, v, 231See also Mohawks.Maquelnoten, location and population of,vi, 702Marbery, Col. L., v, 253Marchisseaux, M., trading voyage of, in,353Marcoz de Niza, explorations of, iv,22-23, 24Marcy, Capt. R. B., iv, 40vocabularies collected by, v, 709Mareachette, a synonym of Milicite, v,675Marest, v, 184 ; vi, 734death of, v, 524
Maricopas (Coco Maricopas), relationswith Pimos, in, 296sold into slavery by Yumas, ii, 115Yuma expedition against, n, 113-114Marietta, Ohio, earthworks at, iv, 131;vi, 597, 603founding of, vi, 597opening of tumulus at, iv, 131-132Mariposa County, Indian population of,iv, 60SMariposa Indians, vi, 687population of, v, 484 ; vi, 687Marlain or Kite Indians, country occu-pied by, in, 596population, in, 596, 609Marlborough, burned by Indians, vi, 164Mar ma li la calla, a Queen CharlotteSound tribe, v, 488census, v, 488Marquesas Islands, canoes of, i, 24characteristics of natives of, iv,361-362Marquette [Jacques, P6re], v, 108, 184;vi, 734burial and reburial of, vi, 257contact with Ojibwas, n, 147explorations of, iv, 199See also Marquette, James ; Mar-quette, Joseph ; Marquette, Pierre.Marquette, James, missionary work of,v, 648Marquette, Joseph, death of, v, 648explorations of, v, 648Marquette, Pierre, explorations of, i,135Marriage. See Marriage customs; In-termarriage.Marriage customs, Apache, v, 210California Indians, iv, 223-224Chippewyan, v, 176Clear Lake Indians, in, 112Comanche, i, 235-236; n, 131-132;v, 683Creek, v, 268-269, 272-273Dacotah, in, 237-23S, 240general, n, 48-49, 63 ; in, 4S0Iowa Indians, vi, 549Iroquois (Five Nations), in, 191Kenistenos, v, 166-167Klamath River Indians, in, 175Moquis, iv, 86-87Navajo, rv, 214
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 123Marriage customs?ContinuedNorthern California and Oregon,in, 211, 212Oregon Indians, v, 654Pueblo, iv, 76Texas tribes, v, 683Wee-yot, in, 127See also Courtship ; Divorce ; Fam-ily life ; Infidelity ; Labor ; Polyg-amy ; Widowers ; Widows ; Wife-lending; Women.Marsh, Thomas, signer of Indian treaty,vi, 144Marshall, Benjamin, Creek chief, ofIrish descent, i, 267information obtained from, m, 404Marshall, Col. J. F., iv, 160Marshall, Joseph, a Coweta Town chief,iv, 579Marshpee, i, 287Marshpee Indians, in, 583location and population of, in, 583Martaw way hadjo, a Creek chief, rv,576Martell, leader of delegation to Wash-ington, i, 415Martha's Vineyard, discovery of, vi,95-96missionary work among Indians of,vi, 734, 736-737naming of, vr, 103-104Martha's Vineyard Indians, locationand population of, in, 583Martin, Henry, disappearance of, iv, 593Martin, J., letter of, iv, 627-629letter to, rv, 629-632Martin, Joseph, treaty concluded by,vi, 327Martin, Hon. Luther, iv, 629, 632Martin, Thomas S., deposition made be-fore, iv, 581Marvin, R. P., petition signed by, in, 618Maryland, cave in, described, ni, 338colonization of, vr, 744German settlements in, in, 338population and area of, iv, 610religious freedom of, vi, 129tribes of, vi, 32, 128-145Maryland tribes, hostilities among, vi,143Masawomacks. See Massawomacks.Mascotins. See Mascoutens.Mascoudins. See Mascoutens.
Mascoutens (Mascotins, Mascoudins,Mascoutins, Maskoutens, Misco-tins), I, 305-308; in, 277, 278;vi, 35affiliates, iv, 245Algonquin tribe, v, 40alliance with Bone Indians, vi, 203defeated by Ottowas and Potta-watomies, iv, 245disappearance, iv, 245 ; v, 191expulsion from Lake region, i, 305
;
vr, 206historical notes on, iv, 244-245locality occupied by, i, 53 ; in, 559iv, 244 ; vr, 204, 206, 714name, derivation, vr, 203meaning, iv, 244; v, 40synonyms, iv, 206, 244, 245 ; v,41ossuaries attributed to, i, 69population, iv, 245 ; vi, 204, 272, 714possible absorption of, vr, 204warriors, estimate of, in, 554, 559
;
vi, 271See also Muscodanig; Mushko-dains ; Musketoons ; Musquitans.Mascoutins. See Mascoutens.Ma-se-wa-pe-ga, story of dream of, n,144Mashpee. See Marshpee.Maskegon. See Maskigos ; MushkeagsMuskegos.Maskigos (Maskigoes), an Algonquindivision, v, 40French relations with, vi, 237included in Algonquin group, n, 36,341meaning of name, v, 40See also Mushkeags; Muskegos.Maskoutens. See Mascoutens.Masks, obsidian, illustrations of, vi, 587,588use in Moqui dance, iv, 84-85Mason, punitive expedition led by, vr,135Mason, Col., mention of, vr, 145Mason, John, Pequot War conducted by,vi, 117Mason, Col. R. B., observations of, i, 154Masonic fraternity, comparison withMedicine Society, in, 286Massa or Natic language, brief vocab-ulary of, v, 556-55793670&?54- -9
124 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Massaba, feast to, v, 436-437Massachusetts, Indian lands in, v. 480Indian population of, in, 583, 586;v, 480landing of emigrants in, vi, 744mentioned by Capt. John Smith, v,218population and area of, iv, 610settlement of, \rc, 103-104Massachusetts Indians, derivation ofname, v, 38described by Cotton Mather, i, 284-286migration legend, v, 98mixed with African race, I, 524population, i, 287, 524settlements, i, 287Massachusetts language, application ofterm, i, 287Bible translated into, i, 287classification, in, 401; v, 145-146grammatical notes on, i, 295, 296,297, 298-299Lord's Prayer in, v, 591vocabulary of, i, 288-299See also Natic language.Massasauga. See Missisaugies.Massasoit, brief description of, vi, 103,114country ruled by, vi, 744meeting with Pilgrims, n, 25position and power of, vi, 151relations with the English, vi, 114-115sons of, vi, 151with Pilgrims, illustration showing,n, 26Massawomacks (Masawomacks), v, 122name for the Five Nations, v, 36, 37name for the Iroquois (q. v.), vi,130, 194Masset. See Massetta.Massetta, census of, v, 4S9language, v, 489location, v, 4S9Massie, Gen., v, 662Mastodon, belief concerning remains of,iv, 645 ; vi, 651bones of, on Arkansas River, i, 270Masut Pomo. See Masu-ta4caya.
Masu - ta - kaya ( Masu - ta - kea ) , andothers, population of, in, 634language, in, 112treaty made with, in, 112Mather, Cotton, v, 51 ; vi, 106quoted on sun worship, v, 64Mathers, Lt., iv, 630Matilpe. See Murtilpar.Matlock, G. C, population report by,vi, 696Matrilineal descent. See Descent.Mats, Shoshonee, i, 214Mattahunt, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Mattapoisett, Indian raid on, vi, 155Mattaponies, brief account of, v, 36Mattapony River, Indians of, v, 36Mattasoons. See Wattasoons.Matter, integrity of, i, 171Mauherosqueck, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Mauh-teeg, a Klamath River tribe, in,634Maumee. See Fort Maumee.Maumes, called Omameeg, v, 39enemies of the Chippewas, v, 39See also Miamis.Maupertius, M., work on languages, n, \355-356Maury, Lt. M., cited on Indian origin,I, 22-26Mauvila, battle at, in, 42-44, 90 ; vi, 61description, in, 42; iv, 124Mavilians, a name for the Choctaws, ii,34Maw-hee-koo-shay-naw-zhe-kaw, char-acterization of, iv, 233Maw-keek-souch-kaw, brief account of,iv, 233Maw4suh-sooneh-kaw's Band, census of,I, 498-507Maxwell, Thomas, acknowledgment to,rv, 173letters of, v, 066-674May, river of, name for the St. John's,vi, 73, 74Mayer, Brantz, discussion by, of Loganmassacre, in, 56paper by, on Mexican antiquities,vi, 577-594reference to collection of, iv, 174translation made by, in, 335
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 125Mayhew, Experience, missionary workof, vi, 736Mayhew, John, missionary work of, vr,736Mayhew, Thomas, Jr., missionary workof, vi, 736Mayhew, Thomas, Si\, missionary workof, vi, 736Mayhew, Zechariah, missionary work of,vi, 736Mayhew family, missionary labors of,vi, 734, 735Mazigabau, a noted Pillager, v, 189Mde-wahantonwan. See Medawakan-tons.Mdewakanton. See Medawakantons.Mead, John, Jr., investigations of, I,163Meadow Indians, a name for the Mas-coutins (q. v.), iv, 245Measles, fatal treatment, iv, 512mortality from, iv, 593, 595Meat, curing of, m, 218 ; iv, 57, 68See also Buffalo ; Game.Mecadacut, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Mechecaukis (Mechecouakis), countryoccupied by, m, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 554, 559See also Foxes.Mechecouakis. See Mechecaukis.Mechuacan Province, customs of, iv,449Meda, discussion of term, i, 358 ; v, 420-421; 445See also Medas.Medals, described and illustrated, i, 79French, use of, v, 109Medas (Medawes) , admission to societyof, i, 360among the Pillagers, v, 189curing methods, vi, 110functions, v, 405harm done by, iv, 637illustration showing gathering of,v, 72rank of, among medicine men, n,223secret society of, v, 71See also Meda; Medawin.
Medawakantons ( Mde-wahantonwan,Mendawacanton, Mendawahkan-ton, Mendawakantons, Mende-wakantons), vr, 687called Dakotahs of the river, vi,386decline of, rr, 98division of the Sioux nation, n, 168,169governed by Wabasha, vi, 386payments made to, vi, 721population, in, 613, 614seven bands of, m, 613statistics concerning, ni, 612, 613-614subdivision of the Isanyati, i, 248treaty made by, vr, 421villages, ii, 97See also O-man-ee; People of theLakes.Medawes. See Medas.Me-da-we-win. See Medawin.Medawin (Me-da-we-win, Midawin),art of medical magic, i, 358ceremony of, v, 428-441Chippewa ceremony of, v, 429-433healing ceremony of, I, 360importance, v, 434medicine feast of the Chippewa, v,149rites of, n, 138Sioux ceremony of, v, 433-441See also Medawisos.Medawin society, assemblage, in spring,ii, 56degrees in, v, 632medical art of, v, 423object of, v, 420Medawisos, illustration showing cere-mony of, v, 428Medewiwin. See Medawin.Medford, attack on, by Indians, vi, 164Medical knowledge, of ancient Asiaticnations, iv, 492-494of Indian tribes, iv, 501-519 ; v, 445-446Medical practices, rv, 502-519; vi, 631-635Athapascan, v, 177beliefs connected with, iv, 497Chickasaw, i, 310Chinook, vr, 619-620Comanche, i, 233-234 ; n, 130
126 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Medical practices?ContinuedCongaree, iv, 158cost of failure in, vr, 632Creek, v, 270-271Dakota, i, 250-255; iv, 649-651;vi, 655-657Klamath River Indians, in, 175Massachusetts Indians, i, 285Muscogee, i, 273-274Navajo, iv, 217Ojibwa, n, 138Sioux, ii, 179-182sorcery in, rv, 492-494success of, iv, 242use of charms in, i, 86Winnebago, in, 497-498; rv, 241-243See also Disease ; Medicinal plants
;
Medicine Dance ; Medicine men ;Obstetrics; Wounds.Medical practitioners, discussion ofclasses of, v, 445-446office of, i, 359See also Medicine men.Medicinal plants, abortion produced by,I, 252ceremonial inspection of, v, 424-425Indian knowledge of, v, 446list of, with uses, iv, 516-518properties, iv, 516-518purification, v, 424secrecy regarding, i, 251story of origin, i, 318use, I, 251-252, 274; rv, 641-642;vi, 632in obstetrics, rv, 515Medicine, concocting of, illustrated, v,446preservation of, iv, 519See also Medical practices; Medi-cinal plants ; Medicine bagsMedicine Dance; Medicine men.Medicine animal, of Winnebagoes, dis-cussed, ii, 223-224of Winnebagoes, illustrated, n, 224Medicine bag (sack), ceremonial clos-ing of, v, 433ceremonial inspection of, v, 424-425ceremonial use of, in, 287; v, 66contents, v, 66 ; vi, 660religious character, vi, 660value attached to, in, 288
Medicine Dance (feast), by both sexes,rv, 63chant used in, rv, 643-644for the repose of spirits, rv, 65improper use of term, v, 72secrecy concerning, in, 230-231story of introduction of, i, 318Winnebago, described, in, 286-288illustrated, ni, 286traditional origin, v, 149Medicine feast. See Medicine Dance.Medicine-hunter, a Comanche chief, n,128Medicine lodge, compared with Jewishtabernacle, i, 261Medicine-man (men), activities of, rv,495and patient, illustration showing,vi, 173as doctors, iv, 649-650as priests, vi, 654ceremony of consultation with, v,425Chippewa, skill of, iv, 242classes, v, 71 ; vi, 648Dakota names for, rv, 642dress, description of, v, 440fear of, iv, 650instruction of, vi, 634of the Dakotahs, vi, 648-657order of, among the Winnebagoes,ii, 223-224Oregon Indian, customs concerning,v, 652-654origin of power, rv, 646 ; vi, 652part taken by, in Indian dance, ni,287payment of, rv, 241popular fallacy concerning, iv, 641power and influence, in, 288; iv,641-651 ; vi, 647priestly functions, rv, 648rank, vi, 633reincarnation, rv, 646supposed power, v, 652training and initiation, v, 652-653treatment of the sick, i, 250; vi,619-620use of power, iv, 646-64S; vi, 652-653use of the term, rv, 641-642 ; vi, 648visits to the sick, v, 437-441
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 127Medicine-inan?Continuedwar offices, iv, 648-649See also Physician ; Priest ; Prophet.Medicine Society, compared with Ma-sonic order, in, 286initiation into, in, 286-2SS ; v, 426-433Medilding. See Ollep-pauh'1-kah-teht'l.Medill, W., letter from, to Jacob Thomp-son, m, 619-620letter to, from Albert Gallatin, m,397-400Meeker, Jotham, translations by, rv, 538work of, iv, 538, 539, 541Meherrics, Meherries. See Meherrins.Meherrins (Meherrics, Meherries), al-lotted lands with Cayugas, in, 292country occupied by, in, 196included in Monacan dialects, in,292received into Iroquois Confederacy,in, 292synonymous with Tutelo, v, 36, 37Meh-teh, a Klamath River tribe andvillage, in, 138, 634Meigs, Prof. C, in, 384Meigs, Josiah, estimates made by, n, 592,593-595statement furnished by, n, 591Mekinak, Chief, n, 271Meldonado, Don Rodrigo, explorationsof, iv, 36Melecites (Milicetes, Milicites), coun-try occupied by, v, 3S, 219, 674disputes over land of, v, 675-676history, v, 674-676language, v, 674See also Amalecites; Etchemins.Melendez, Ribault captured by, vi, 744Melleray, Vice-Admiral, vi, 55Meloche, Baptiste, n, 253Memnon, invention of letters by, v, 88Memory, pictographs as aid to, i, 404-405See also Mnemonic devices.Men, Indian, activities of, n, 50character of, in domestic life, n, 64See also Family life; Labor; War-riors ; Widowers.Menabozhoo. See Manabosho.Menard, member of expedition, ni, 353Menard, Col. Pierre, n, 308 ; iv, 260
Menatonon, chief of the Chowanocks, vi,90, 91Mendawacanton, Mendawahkanton,Mendawakantons, Mendewakan-tons. See Medawakan tons.Mendocino Reservation, report on, vi,715, 717Mendoza, activities, in Mexico, iv, 22,23; vi, 69Menduwakanton and Wapakotah Sioux,population of, vi, 707Menendez, arrival at Fort Caroline, vi,76Mengwe, a synonym of Mingo, vi, 138Menomeenees, Menomenes, Menomenies.See Menomonees.Menominee. See Folle Avoins ; Meno-monees ; Mynomanies.Menominee language. See Menomoneelanguage.Menomonee language, an Algonquin di-alect, n, 341, 358vocabulary of, n, 470-481Menomonees (Menomeenees, Meno-menes, Menomenies, Menomonies,Mineamies, Monomonees, Mono-monies), in, 277, vi, 375, 488, 687associates of the Sauks, vi, 276brief account of, in, 560 ; vr, 691census, i, 488-497 ; m, 621-628 ; vi,691classification, in, 401country occupied by, i, 488 ; in, 584,591 ; vi, 208, 275, 385, 705cranial measurements, n, 335establishment on reservation, v,463^64, 470fiscal statistics relating to, v, 721,722, 723funds required for, n, 566, 569-570hunting ground, vr, 276investments for, n, 562land assigned to, iv, 463ceded by, n, 603claimed by, in, 584purchased from, n, 600, 601statistics on, n, 605language spoken by, in, 562leading men of, in, 568linguistic affiliations, i, 302listed by Little Crow as one ofSeven Fires, n, 169map showing location, n, 137 ; in, 96
128 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Menomonees?Continuedmissionary work among, vr, 734,735, 737name, origin and meaning of, v, 40,145synonyms, m, 562not an independent tribe, v, 40number of Catholics among, v, 699number of villages of, in, 560, 562
;
vi, 271picture writing among, i, 338population, i, 523 ; in, 562, 584, 591,610 ; v, 708 ; vi, 271, 275, 687, 705,707relations with other tribes, in, 566removal, plans for, iv, 486postponed, n, 550settlement of Stockbridges among,vi, 504trade of, in, 564trading post for, in, 566tradition concerning, i, 302-304treaties with, v, 499; vr, 421treaty settling boundary for, vi, 422warriors, number of, in, 560, 562;vi, 271See also Folle Avoins ; Mynomanies.Menomonies. See Menomonees.Menstrual customs, v, 70of Blackfeet, v, 183of Callapooyas, v, 664of Chippewyans, v, 176of Dacotahs, in, 227, 235, 243similar to Hebraic, in, 62theory of origin, v, 60, 70tribes observing, v, 60Menstrual lodge, description, v, 70illustration of, v, 70Mental capacity. See Intellectual ca-pacity.Mental characteristics, Indian, discus-sion of, i, 29-43 ; in, 54-59, 246v, 32-33permanence of, i, 15, 41, 412poetic development of the Indianmind, in, 326-328shown in pictographs, v, 64similarity among tribes, v, 31-32, 56Mentality. See Intellectual capacity.Mercede (Merceda) Indians, vr, 687population, iv, 608 ; v, 484 ; vi, 687
Meredith, W. M., acknowledgment to,in, 375Merrill, Moses, work of, iv, 550Merrimack, a synonym of Pennacook,vi, 173Merrimack River, Amoskeags living on,v, 221Indian fisheries on, v, 225Merrimack tribes, location of seat of,vi, 174Merrimac(k) Valley, description, v,219-220Indians of, v, 217, 218, 221, 222,223 ; vi, 173land in, granted to Passaconnaway,v, 236Merrit, O. H, information furnished by,vi, 709Meruelo, Diego, n, 35Mescal plant, use by Mexicans andApaches, v, 208Mescaleros (Muscalaroes, Muscaleros,Mus-ka-le-ras), vr, 687and Euquatops, population of, vi,708Apache band, v, 203, 689dialect of, v, 203location, i, 239 ; vi, 705, 708population, i, 239, 518 ; vi, 687, 705See also Apaches Mascaleros; Eu-quatops.Meshekunnoghquoh, treaty signed by,vi, 344Mesnard, Rene\ martyrdom of, v, 647Mesquite beans. See Mizquite bean.Messesagues. See Missisaugies.Meta. See Meh-teh.Metacom. See Pometacom.Metahartas, ni, 251See also Hidatsa.Metalliferous diluvial deposits, locationof, i, 152Metallurgy, aboriginal periods indi-cated by, iv, 139among Peruvian and Mexicantribes, v, 106attempts at, i, 71Indian knowledge of, iv, 164-165See also Metals ; Mining.Metals, furnace for fusing, rv, 447-448use by aborigines, in, 75-76, 87-90See also Metallurgy; Mining.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 129Metamorphosis, lack of belief in, m,231Metawa, treaty discussed by, vi, 395Metchigamias. See Michigamies.Metea, speech made by, vi, 394treaty discussed by, vi, 395Metempsychosis. See Transmigrationof souls.Methodist Episcopal Church, missionsestablished by, vi, 738-739Methodist Episcopal Mission Board,schools controlled by, v, 694Methodist Episcopal Missionary Soci-ety, work of, v, 502, 503Methodist missions, work of, v, 700Metoacs, a Long Island tribe, vi, 100derivation of name of, v, 38generic name of Long Island tribes,vi, 147origin, vr, 116totemic type, vr, 100Metoxon, a Mohican chief, vr, 277Mexican Antiquities. See Antiquities,Mexican.Mexican boundary, settlement of, n,117-118Mexican chronology, ancient, v, 96-97Mexican civilization, influences affect-ing, v, 291-292Mexican kings, duration of reigns of, v,97list of, v, 97Mexican tribes, ancestry of, ni, 303chief deity of, vr, 638classed as Toltecan, n, 329connection, with United Statestribes, rv, 170cranial measurements, n, 330development, v, 392extent of influence, v, 107Mississippi Valley accessible to, v,95reference to migration of, in, 300,304See also Aztecs ; Toltecs.Mexico, antiquities of, vr, 604-605art of, as prototype for northerntribes, v, 391civilization, rv, 115, 122 ; v, 29date of final fall, in, 27destruction of records, v, 102early tribes, vi, 596gods and goddesses, vr, 637-645
Mexico?Continuedinvasion, n, 20kings, vr, 742periods in history, in, 515reference to early government, in,181, 182, 183thread making in, iv, 442-443weaving in, v, 106Mexico City, antiquities of, vr, 582founding of, vr, 596, 742Mexico, Valley of, migrations into, v,95-96Me-yemma, a Trinity River village, in,139Meyers, Mr., mention of, in, 355Miami, English defeated at, n, 286Miami Indians. See Miamis.Miami language, an Algonquin dialect,ii, 341vocabulary of, n, 470-481Miami of the Lakes River, Indian com-munication by, vi, 334Miami River, Indians of, vr, 275, 714Miami Valley, Great, copper implementsdiscovered in, v, 665Miamis (Miamies), in, 555 ; v, 495, 647
;
vi, 329, 488, 687agency used by, vi, 397and others, population of (1812), v,708annuities of, n, 587, 589armistice granted to, vr, 364brief account of, m, 561; vi, 334census, I, 4S8-497 ; in, 621-628classification, in, 401 ; v, 145cranial capacity, n, 335 ; v, 244defeat by Gen. Wayne, vr, 217divisions, in, 404Eel River, payments to, vr, 721facial angle, n, 335friendly to French, vi, 237funds required for, n, 569general condition, iv, 467, 468hostility, vi, 334in Pontiac's conspiracy, n, 307 ; vr,243included in Algonquin group, n, 36Indiana, payments to, vi, 721intemperance among, i, 435Iroquois name for, vr, 271
130 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Miamis?Continuedlands, iv, 572ceded by, n, 603 ; vi, 499claimed by, m, 584purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 601sale of, v, 528statistics on, n, 605location, i, 488; in, 559, 584, 591;iv, 461; v, 122, 495, 527; vr, 33,206, 275, 330, 705maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180
;
vi, 519missionary work among, v, 699 ; vr,734, 735, 740movement to the Wabash, v, 192names for, v, 41 ; vi, 271peace made by, v, 139peace sought by, vr, 343population, i, 523 ; m, 584, 591, 610iv, 572, 605 ; v, 495 ; vi, 272, 275,499, 687, 705position in Indian war, v, 527reference to language of, in, 96removal, v, 495 ; vr, 515, 516, 536plans for, in, 576, 577treaty concerning, vr, 488resemblance to other tribes, vr, 334tale relating to, v, 194totems, in, 555treaties with, v, 496, 497, 500; vi,255, 380, 499treaty concerning removal of, vi,488warriors, number of, in, 555, 559,561 ; vi, 271war with, vi, 330-331west, payments to, vr, 721, 723See also Maunies ; Omameeg.Miamisburg, size of mounds at, n, 85Miantonimo. See Miontonimo.Mica, use of, i, 93Micabo, Algonquin culture hero, i, 18Micamichi, a Micmac settlement, v, 677Micamichi Indians, punishment of, v,677treaty with, v, 677Micanopy, Chief, vi, 534Micasuka, a Seminole village, v, 260Micco, use of term, ni, 62Micco buiecas, or Old King, of Tuck abatch cha Town, iv, 575
Mic co char tee, a Cussetaw Town chief,iv, 579Miccosaukie. See Mickasukies.Michabou, i, 18Michigamea. See Michigamies.Michigamies (Metchigamias, Michi-gania, Mitchigamas), ni, 555annuities of, n, 588application of name, v, 191beliefs and customs, v, 196general account of, v, 191-196location, vi, 206, 714population, vr, 714relations with other tribes, v, 195-196totem, in, 250warriors, number of, in, 555Michigan, affairs in, in 1816, vr, 383derivation of name, rv, 379Indian lands in, in, 584, 586; v, 480Indian population of, in, 584, 586 ; v,4S0, 481lower, Indian occupation of, vi, 361-362occupation by the French, vr, 381,382population and area of, iv, 610traces of Indian agriculture in, i,55Michigan Superintendent, statisticalstatement from, m, 615Michigan tribes, condition, iv, 462-463population, vr, 692Michilimackinac, vi, 234, 237American occupation of, vr, 398battle at, vi, 375change of garrison at, vr, 344fall of, to British and Indians, vr,356, 358founding of, v, 108 ; vi, 185, 196garrison at, in, 334history, v, 648 ; vr, 256-258illustration of, iv, 188important event at, rv, 188Indian name for, v, 108Indian trade at, m, 353 ; vr, 268-269Indians of, v, 143removal of post of, m, 333-334settlement of, v, 648surrender of, vr, 234transfer of fort at, I, 103
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 131Michilimackinac?Continuedtribe occupying, vi, 202See also Fort Michilimackinac.Michilimackinac Agency, statisticalstatement from, in, 615Michilimackinac Island, evidence of In-dian occupation of, vi, 201Michiskoui, in, 553Michmacs. See Micmacs.Michopdo. See Wachucknas.Mickasaukies. See Mickasukies.Mickasukies (Miccosaukie, Mickasau-kies), attitude, in Seminole war,vi, 469cranial measurements, n, 335population, i, 522Micksucksealton, location, in, 572population, in, 572 ; v, 706Micmac language, classification, v, 676vocabulary, v, 578-5S9Micmacs (Michmacs), in, 558; vi, 53brief account of, v, 219classification, in, 401cooking method, i, 81history, v, 676-678land claimed by, v, 678granted to, v, 677-678language, v, 676Milicite name for, v, 676missionary work among, vr, 734,735number of warriors of, in, 553, 559settlements of, v, 677territory inhabited by, ni, 559; v,38, 219, 676warriors, number of, in, 553-559See also Gaspe Indians ; Souriquois.Mico, a Creek chief, v, 279functions, v, 279See also Chief.Micures mission of Barcelona Province,iv, 556Midawin. See Medawin.Middle Village (Ottawa), census of, i,478-487Midewiwin. See Medawin.Miege, Rev. J. B., iv, 595missionary work of, v, 503, 699Mie-mis-souks, location, iv, 498See also Misonk.Miezay, or Walk-in-the-Water, signa-ture of, ii, 226
Migration, Algonquin, line of, i, 411,414from Asia, route of, i, 25-26from Mexico into Mississippi Val-ley, v, 97into Valley of Mexico, v, 95-96northward trend of, iv, 132of hunter tribes, limit of, n, 29of Iowas, in, 256-259of North American tribes, n, 26-32Ojibwa, traced by traditions, n,136-137, 139-140Sioux, route of, n, 172theories concerning, i, 22-27traced by pottery, i, 61 ; in, 76trend of, i, 259See also Migration legends.Migration legends, Chepewyan, i, 19Chickasaw, I, 309-310Chippewa, v, 147Comanche, n, 126Creek, v, 98 ; vi, 186Iowas, Sioux, and Winnebago, v, 98New England and Atlantic coasttribes, v, 97-98Pimos, m, 296prairie or Dacota group, v, 98Quppas, Cadrons, and Kansas, v, 98Seminole, v, 259southern Indians, v, 98See also Origin traditions.Mikasuki. See Mickasukies.Mikonotunne. See Mackanotin; Ma-quelnoten.Milbank Sound Indians, v, 487-488census of, v, 487-488Indian names of tribes of, v, 487-488language spoken by, v, 487location, v, 487-488remarks on, v, 487-488See also Baloballa.Milicete (Milicite) language, Lord'sPrayer in, v, 592numerals in, v, 690-691Milicetes, Milicites. See Melecites.Milk, Indian dislike for, v, 50Milk River, Indians of, vi, 69SMille Lac band, pictographic census of,n, 222Miller, Col., Tecumseh defeated by, vr,359Miller, John, report by, vi, 706
132 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Millidges, vi, 351Milliken, J. M., antique implements pos-sessed by, v, 666Mills, George, information furnishedby, v, 673-674Miln, Ensign, vi, 239Mimbrenos, origin of name, v, 207range of, v, 207See also Mimbres tribe.Mimbres tribe, labors of women of, v,695Minas Gerdas, bone-caves of, u, 319Minataree (Minetari, Minitarees, Min-natarees, Minnetarees, Minne-taries, Minnitares), vi, 687allies of the Mandan, ni, 251classification, in, 402country occupied by, i, 259 ; in, 594
;
v, 494 ; vi, 705cranial measurements, n, 335identified as Gros Ventres, in, 514identified as Upsarokas, in, 403in the Dacota group, n, 37language spoken by, i, 259Mandans living among, ii, 239name for the Crows, in, 514of the Willows, m, 251origin of, discussed, in, 251population, i, 257, 523 ; in, 251, 252,594, 609 ; v, 494 ; vi, 687, 705reference to territory of, iv, 486skulls of, ii, 317smallpox among, vi, 486See also Hidatsa.Minataree stock, tribes of, in, 594-595Minckus, a synonym of Minquas (q. v.),vi, 142Mind, Indian, lack of originality in, i,41See also Intellectual capacity.Mineamies. See Menomonees.Minerals, from California, i, 150in Comanche territory, i, 239Mines, antiquity of, i, 97, 98gold and silver, of Mexico, iv, 451-452significance of ruins of, i, 71superstition regarding, n, 174See also Copper mines ; Mining.Minetari. See Minataree.
Mingoes, and others, battle with, vi, 266application of name, rv, 616 ; v, 41
;
vi, 194, 266, 278attitude of, in Revolutionary War,m, 561 ; vi, 278beginning of war with, vi, 264called Mengwe, vi, 138cranial measurements, n, 335language, vi, 138location, iv, 620 ; vi, 210Monongahela, battle of, vr, 217, 228Ohio dominated by, vi, 194origin of name, vr, 217, 278relations with the English, in, 561vi, 213, 237Senecas, mentioned as, hi, 561settlement of, rv, 269warriors, estimate of, ni, 555western Iroquois, rv, 620See also Neosho Senecas.Mini-con-gsha, a Titon division, in, 629bands of, in, 629country occupied by, 111, 629leading men of, m, 629Miniconjou. See Mini-con-gsha ; Mini-konga.Minikonga, population of, v, 494position, v, 494Mining, ancient aboriginal, 1, 95area showing traces of, 1, 95chief objects of, 1, 95conclusions drawn from traces of,I, 95, 99illustration of, v, 117implements used in, 1, 95, 96, 97;II, 31methods used in, v, 116, 396; vi,599-600recovery of mill used in, v, 112traces of, in Arkansas, 1, 100-101in California, 1, 101in Illinois, 1, 100in Indiana, 1, 100in Missouri, 1, 100-101See also Copper mining; Mines.Minisink. See Minnisink.Minisink massacre, Masonic captivesspared at, v, 673Minitarees. See Minataree.Minivoa (Ninivoan, Ninivona), n, 259,260, 267chief of the Poux, n, 242, 281Pontiac joined by, n, 243, 248
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 133Minnatarees. See Minataree.Minnetaree language, analogies of, m,252brief vocabulary of, in, 256Minnetarees, Minnetaries. See Mina-taree.Minnisink, battle of, vi, 306-307meaning of name, vi, 306Minnitarees. See Minataree.Minniwawinna, mention of, v, 122Minqua (Minquas, Minques), a namefor Susquehannocks, vi, 138brief account of, vi, 138, 142-143country occupied by, vi, 138distinct from Mingo, vi, 138identified as Andastes, vi, 137, 138,139purchase of land from, by theDutch, n, 143relations with Swedish Colony, vi,142wars of, vi, 138See also Conestogo.Minnesota, agricultural advantages of,i, 182, 183area of, i, 182climate and meteorology of, i, 183-184data on lands of, v, 501geology of, i, 186health and disease in, i, 184Indian lands in, iv, 183name, derivation of, i, 183; iv, 384physical geography, i, 181-188population and area of, iv, 610Minsi. See Munsees.Miontonimo (Miantonimo, Myonto-nimo), in, 57; iv, 613; v, 121;vi, 111, 154, 166, 173captive Pequots assigned to, vi, 123capture, vi, 126death, vi, 127, 167English war-party joined by, vi, 118Narragansett chief, v, 130; vi, 125war led by, vi, 125-127Mirrors, stone, description of, v, 91-92Miruelo, expedition piloted by, in, 25voyages of, vr, 38, 39Misalah, a California chief, vi, 711Miscotins. See Mascoutens.Miseekwigweelis. See Mis-kai-whu.Mishinowa, use of term, in, 62Mishongnovi. See Manzana.
Mis-kai-whu, a Skagit division, v, 704location, v, 704 ; vr, 703population, v, 704 ; vr, 703Miskuakes, totem of, in, 554Miskut. See Agaraits.Misonk, mention of language of, rv, 600See also Mie-mis-souks.Misquekee, a name for the Foxes (q. v.)
,
v,41Missaba (Missabe), the hunter's mo-nedo, v, 436tradition of, v, 420Missaugees. See Missisaugies.Missinippi or Church-hill River, deriva-tion of name, v, 40eastern limit of the Athapascas, n.27Mission band, population of, in, 632Mission Indians, population of, v, 707;vi, 700Missionaries, among the Eries, iv, 198-199efforts among Iroquois, in, 193-194misunderstood by Indians, v, 697Moravian, in Dutchess County,N. T., v, 680-682result of labor of, ni, 209; vi, 648Swiss, labors of, v, 697troubles in Huron country, rv, 207-208Missionary Society Methodist EpiscopalChurch, missions of, vi, 738-739Missionary Society Methodist EpiscopalChurch South, data on missionsof, vi, 740Missionary societies, table of statisticson, v, 502-503Missions, among Oregon Indians, v, 655-656and churches, reports on, v, 698-700brief bibliography of works relatingto, vi, 733California, dates of establishment,1,520names of, i, 520population, i, 520Cherokee, data on, iv, 588-589chronological summary, vi, 734English, statistical data on, vr, 735establishment, in Onondaga coun-try, v, 164failure among Pillagers, v, 188French, on Lake Superior, v, 184
134 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Missions?ContinuedFrench, statistical data on, vi, 735in Apache country, v, 213in California, v, 214Indian attendance at, v, 698Indian language used at, v, 503Methodist, work of, v, 700of Barcelona Province, iv, 556of Colonial era, chronological sum-mary of, vi, 734Roman Catholic, statistical data on,vi, 735Spanish, statistical data on, vi, 735statistical data on, vi, 735-741tables of information concerning,vi, 734-735to Indians, summary of, vi, 731-741Missisagas, Missisagies, Missisaugas,Missisaugees. See Missisaugies.Missisaugies (Massasauga, Messesau-gues, Missaugees, Missisagas,Missisaugees, Mississagies, Mis-sissagues, Mississaugas, Missis-saugues), ni, 555, 556; vi, 229,271admitted to Iroquois confederacy,in, 199alliance with Fries, iv, 198allies of the Iroquois, v, 144application of the name, v, 144at siege of Fort Stanwix, vr, 292brief account of, in, 560 ; v, 144classification of, mistaken, in, 199
;
iv, 198country occupied by, i, 306 ; in, 199,559 ; vi, 275cranial measurements, n, 335expelled by Iroquois, in, 291location given to, by Iroquois, ni,196missionary work among, vi, 738,739, 740name, meaning, i, 306 ; n, 358synonymy, in, 517 ; v, 41of Algonquin stock, in, 199 ; v, 144origin and language, v, 144population, in, 199; vi, 272, 275relations with Iroquois, in, 196,291; v, 144stand taken in Revolutionary War,vi, 278, 284totem, in, 555, 556
Missisaugies?Continuedtreaty signed by, vr, 255warriors, number of, in, 500, 555.556, 559See also Wisagechroanu.Mississa totem, vi, 100Mississagies, Mississagues, Mississau-gas, Mississaugues. See Mis-sisaugies.Mississippi [State of], admission to theUnion, vr, 393Algonquin name, i, 135derivation, iv, 379specific meaning, m, 502and Alabama, Indian population of,v, 480Indian lands in, in, 584, 586; v,480Indian population, in, 584, 5S6; v,480, 481population and area, iv, 610Mississippi River, British authorityestablished on, vi, 269De Soto's arrival at, in, 46discovery of, I, 133-148; vi, 63,448, 452drift power of, i, 166exploration of, i, 135-137; vi, 350,384in Minnesota, i, 185sources of, I, 140, 142-148; iv, 193map of, i, 148 ; vi, 451tribes of, vi, 32, 33, 34, 206, 275Mississippi Valley, accessible to Mexi-can tribes, v, 95ancient wars of, v, 61changes in, vr, 377-378character of monuments of, vi, 603contest for possession of, vr, 196-198density of population, vi, 599discussion of ancient civilizationof, I, 71-72French explorations in, v, 646-648Indians wars in, v, 61occupants of, vi, 742Mississippi Valley tribes, customs, vi,596fortifications, vi, 600-601religion and mythology, vi, 647-657resemblance to Central Americans,iv, 115state of civilization of, v, 481
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 135
Missouri, Indian lands in, in, 585, 586
;
v, 480Indian population in, in, 585, 586;v, 480, 481population and area of, iv, 610Missouri and Arkansas, number of In-dians in, v, 480Missouri Indians (Missourians, Mis-sourias, Missouries, Missouris),in, 557; v, 450; vi, 452, 687affiliations, iv, 550claim concerning origin, rv, 227classification, in, 402condition of iv, 466 ; vi, 544-546country occupied by, in, 559, 593descendants of Winnebagoes, in,278French relations with, vi, 237funds required for, n, 570in the Dacota group, n, 37indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536lands, iv, 573ceded by, n, 603purchased from, n, 600statistics on, n, 606surrendered by, v, 494; vi, 45olocation, iv, 461 ; v, 494 ; vi, 705members of Pontiac's Confederacy,ii, 307of Siouan stock, i, 197population, i, 523 ; in, 593 ; iv, 573
;
v, 494 ; vi, 687, 706reference to territory of, rv, 486treaty with, statement of, v, 497warriors, estimate of, ni, 557, 559Missouri River, expedition to source of,vi, 349Indian name for, ii, 162ruins of villages on, vi, 556Missouri River tribes, vi, 556, 695census of, vi, 556, 695-696Missouri Valley, Indian population of,in, 630-631Mitchell, Col. D. D., n, 239Blackfeet described by, v, 685-687paper on the Mandans, m, 253-254population report by, vi, 695quoted on condition of tribes, vt,554report of, in, 250vocabulary transmitted by, n, 218in, 252
Mitcheltree, Mr., ruins on farm of, r,123Mitchigamas. See Michigamies.Mitomkai Porno. See Betumke.Mix, Charles E., report made by, iv, 582Mixed bloods, characteristics of, rv, 101Chippewa, population of, vi, 692hair, in, 377, 378, 384hunting activities, iv, 101-102of California, I, 520See also Intermarriage.Mizquite bean, described, n, 105Mnemonic devices, for music, ii, 226-228illustrated, n, 228on wood, i, 339totems used as, v, 75use of, i, 361, 401-411 ; rv, 663Moache. See Taos Utahs.Moal-kai band, at Clear Lake council,in, 109Mobilians, a name for the Choctaws,ii, 34 ; in, 29 ; vi, 627perpetual fire of, v, 68 ; vi, 627-628sun worship of, v, 68tribes composing, v, 68use of name, n, 344 ; vi, 47Moccasin game, Dacotah, described, iv,64-65Moccasins, illustrations of, rn, 65making of, ni, 65-66materials and ornamentation, v,182tribe denoted by style of, in, 66Mock-pu-we-chastah, interpretation by,of Seven Fires, n 169Mocoso, Chief, mention of, n, 34Mohacks. See Mohawks.Mohaekanuc, a synonym of Mohegan(q. v.), iv, 539Mohaves, vi, 687map showing location of, iv, 24See Mah-ha-os.Mohawk language, list of works in, iv526-527note on, iv, 554vocabulary of, n, 482-493Mohawk Valley, raids in, vi, 313Mohawks (Mohacks, Mohocks) vi, 687aid of, sought by Philip, vi, 168at siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292classification, in, 401
136 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Mohawks?Continuedcranial measurements, n, 335division of the Iroquois, iv, 204English aided by, in battle, vi, 220,224hunting grounds, VI, 714Huron country invaded by, v, 647in battle of Lake George, vi, 287in the Revolutionary War, v, 510,513 ; vi, 283, 284in valley of Connecticut River, v,226location, in, 590; v, 668; vr, 147,275, 714missionary work among, in, 193-194; vi, 734, 735, 736, 738, 739,740one of the Five Nations, in, 184one of the Six Nations, iv, 616other names for, in, 527population, iv, 603, 604 ; v, 668 ; vi,275, 687, 714power of, ni, 185-186relations with the English, vi, 209remnants of tribes sheltered by, vi,146retreat to Canada, rv, 604sachem of, vi, 281Sassacus killed by, vi, 123summer residence of, vi, 101war with Andastes, vi, 142warriors, number of, in, 561 ; iv,605 ; vi, 261, 270See also Auniers; Maquas.Moheconnock. See Mohicans.Mohegan language, v, 618-620Algonquin dialect, n, 341brief vocabulary of, v, 620catechism in, described, rv, 539-540reference to preservation of, in, 96Mohegan [village], number of Moheg-ans at, i, 524Mohegans (Mohigans), vi, 430called Stockbridges, v, 41land claimed by, in, 583location, in, 583migrations, iv, 563population, i, 524; in, 583reference to dialect, in, 96removal of, vi, 516tradition of, n, 23-24Mohicanic group, description of, vi, 109-112
Mohicans (Moheconnock, Mohiccans,Mohickanders, Mohickons, Mo-hikinder), vi, 259, 687branch of the Pequots, vi, 125called Stockbridges, vi, 324classification, in, 401 ; v, 145colonies aided by, vr, 334conquered by Iroquois, n, 37; m,74 ; v, 137country occupied by, vi, 32, 33, 116,147division of the Lenapi Algonquins,vi, 100, 116first contact with Whites, vi, 42hunting grounds, vi, 714identification, ni, 74in league with Nanticokes andShawnees, vi, 132land confirmed to, vi, 324language, vi, 111location, v, 122, 668; vi, 714migration tradition, v, 98missionary work among, vi, 734, 736name, origin of, in, 74; v, 38; vi,116population, v, 668 ; vi, 714reference to feud of, vi, 173remarks on, vr, 687stand taken by, in RevolutionaryWar, vi, 277, 280, 293state of culture of, v, 107warriors, number of, vi, 261Whites joined by, in Pequot War,vi, 117-118withdrawal, from the Hudson, vi,133See also Mahicans.Mohiccans, Mohickanders, Mohickons.See Mohicans.Mohigan John, vi, 259Mohigans. See Mohegans.Mohikinder. See Mohicans.Mohock River, tribe dwelling on, vr, 714Mohocks. See Mohawks.Moi-ya, language and location of, in,112Molala. See Molallas.Molallas (Molealleg, Mole Alleg, Molele,Mollales, Moolalles), classifica-tion, in, 402location, v, 492maps showing, ni, 96, 200population, i, 521; in, 632; v, 492
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 137Mole Alleg, Molealleg, Molele, Moll ales.See Molallas.Momo, a Shoshonie chief, vi, 697Monacan dialects, enumeration of, byJefferson, in, 292Monacan language, in, 292Monacans, brief account of, v, 35decline of, v, 37location, v, 42of Iroquois stock, v, 42tribes composing, v, 36Monadnock, etymology of name, v, 593Monahooe, a Creek prophet, vi, 373activities, vi, 374death, vi, 373Monckton, Gen., commander at FortPitt, vi, 241Moncrevie (Moncrovie), J. B., vocabu-lary furnished by, n, 343, 494Mondamin, illustration of feast of, vi,385legend of, n, 230Monedo, Moneto. See Manito.Money, substitutes for, i, 84-85Mong, sachem-priest, i, 107reference to village of, i, 117Mong tribe, i, 117Monge, Juan Mateo, extract from diaryof, in, 301-303Mongolian origin of Indian tribes,theory of, v, 61-62Mongolian race, branches of, iv, 356civilian, iv, 356country occupied by, iv, 356, 357heads of, described, iv, 356Mong-o-zid, chief of Lake Superior In-dians, ii, 161Mongul race, conquest of India by, v, 58Monhagan, vi, 174Monhagan (Monhegan) Island, inscrip-tion found on, vi, 608illustration of, vi, 611Moningwunakaun ( Mo-ning-wun-a-kan-ing), chief Ojibwa town, n, 136town and island of, n, 137, 138Monk mound, rv, 128comparison of, with Toltec struc-ture, i, 47Monomonees, Monomonies. See Me-notnonees.Monongahela River, battle on, vi, 216effect of defeat on, vi, 219Indian murders on, vr, 305
Mononotto, a Pequot warrior, vr, 122death of, vi, 123Monroe, President James, belief of, con-cerning Indians, vr, 482letter to the Senate, in, 573-575plans for the Indians, iv, 180, 459-460, 484state of tribes under, vi, 279-417Monsees. See Munsees.Mons-o-mo, Pillager warrior, n, 165Monsoni. See Morisons.Monster period, antique osteology of, i,173-175Mont Royal, named by Cartier, i, 134Montagnais (Montagnars, Montagnes,Montagnies, Montainiers), clas-sification, in, 401country occupied by, i, 306 ; iv, 540included in Algonquin group, n, 36meaning of name, v, 40not an independent tribe, v, 40See also Kebiks; Sheshatapoosh.Montagnais language, publications in,iv, 540Montagnars, Montagnes, Montagnies,Montainiers. See Montagnais.Montauk tribe, remnant of, n, 542Montcalm, death of, vr, 234Fort William Henry taken by, vi,221-222Montezuma, i, 21exaggeration of status of, v, 88reference to menagerie of, rv, 93statement by, to Cortez, v, 106tradition of, v, 687-688tradition related by, i, 19Montezuma II, vi, 743death of, vr, 743Montgomery, Col., campaign against theCherokees, vi, 240-241Montour, Capt, vi, 230Montour, Catherine, confused withQueen Esther, v, 670, 671, 672residence of, v, 672supposed burial place of, v, 673-674town named for, v, 672visit to Philadelphia, v, 673Montour, Esther. See Queen Esther.Montour, Madame, service rendered by,iv, 326, 327Montowampate, mention of wife of, v,237sagamore of Saugus, v, 237
138 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Montreal, site of Indian village, iv, 383
;
v, 76; vi, 200, 743surrender to English, vi, 234tribes dwelling near, vi, 714See also Hochelaga.Montreal River, falls of, illust rated, iv,187Monuments, antiquarian, lack of,among California tribess, v, 217lack of, among Winnebagoes, iv,236of the hunter state of man, i, 44?46proving Scandinavian visits, iv, 119Monusk, Chief, battle led by, vi, 266Mooer, Hazen, quoted on divisions ofthe Yanktons, n, 169Moolalles. See Molallas.Moon, beliefs concerning, v, 417corn planted according to, i, 272dance to, iv, 63-64Muscogee beliefs concerning, i, 271,272symbol of, in pictographs, v, 64Moore, Col., reference to expedition of,vi, 185Moose, range of, i, 433Moques, Moquies. See Moquis.Moqui province, identification of, rv,33, 38Moqui villages (pueblos), iv, 216; vi,709description, iv, 81-82interrelations of, i, 519language, v, 689likened to seven cities of Cibola,iv, 87location, i, 519Navajo names for, iv, 220population, i, 519 ; v, 484reached by Spanish expedition, iv,25Moquis (Moques, Moquies), vi, 687brief account of, i, 244ceremony to bring rain, iv, 82characteristics, i, 519cotton fabrics made by, iv, 33dance for rain, iv, 83-85description by Garces, in, 298manners and customs, iv, 72-91map showing location of, in, 96;iv, 24origin of sheep of, in, 309peacemakers for Navajoes, iv, 210
Moquis?Continuedpopulation, i, 244, 245, 519 ; in, 633
;
iv, 85 ; vi, 687semiagricultural, iv, 72reference to weaving of, v, 100seven villages of, iv, 33state of arts of, v, 204supposed descent, n, 29symbol representing, in, 307symbolic message from, to the Pres-ident, in, 306-308Morai-uh, a Klamath River tribe andvillage, in, 138, 634Moran, G., vocabulary by, ii, 458Morau, M., English warned by, at siegeof Detroit, n, 257Moravian Church, statistics on activi-ties of, vi, 741See also Church of the UnitedBrethren.Moravian mission, in Dutchess County,N. Y., v, 138, 680Moravians, at Shamokin, iv, 617first visit to Connecticut, v, 682influence with Delawares, vi, 316-317missionary labors of, v, 680-682received at Shamokin, iv, 616work of, iv, 540Morgan, James, hi, 382Morisons, in, 556totem of, in, 556warriors, number of, in, 556Mormons, location of settlement of, i,220relations with Indians, v, 198, 199treachery to Indians, v, 201Utah hostility to, iv, 597Morris, Capt, duty assigned to, vi, 254Morris, Robert H., petition signed by,ni, 618Morris, Rev. Thomas, iv, 346Morse, Dr. Jedediah, investigations of,vi, 421Mortars, illustration of, i, 88manner of using, illustrated, iv, 175stone, method of making, vi, 598Mortars and pestles, description of, in,466illustrations of, n, 90 ; in, 228, 467of California Indians, in, 206-207See also Pestles.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 139Morton, Dr. Samuel George, in, 250cited on physical organization, in,374objects from collection of, n, 89physical traits of Indians describedby, n, 38physical types discussed by, n, 315-331quoted on unity of tribes, vi, 573reference to opinions of, in, 250studies of, v, 243, 2S7work of, iv, 350Mortuary customs. See Burial cus-toms ; Burials ; Graves ; Mourn-ing customs ; Ossuaries.Mortuary pottery, description of, I, 84See also Burial urn ; Funeral vase.Moscoso (Muscoso), De Soto's camp-master, in, 42successor to De Soto, n, 35 ; in, 49
;
vi, 67termination of expedition under,vi, 68Moshoquen, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Moultrie, Dr., cranium discussed by, n,320Mound builders, conclusions regarding,in, 393 ; iv, 147-148cultivation of corn by, n, 30descendants, iv, 135-136discord among, n, 30discussion of identity, v, 135from Mexican latitudes, i, 64in Pennsylvania, iv, 326mines worked by, i, 97northern limit of, i, 56place in scale of civilization, i, 71religion, i, 72sedentary life of, i, 50-51theories concerning, iv, 132-136traditions of wars of, iv, 136-137Mound period, termination of, vi, 600"Mound prairie," v, 664proposed examination of, v, 665Mounds, ii, 83-85age of, iv, 129-131, 137altars buried in, i, 73animal-shaped, i, 59antique pottery from, in, 77-82articles of copper in, i, 67as altars, I, 51-52 ; iv, 126936706?54 10
Mounds?Continuedas places of offering and sacrifice,I, 51as places of worship, i, 72as refuge from floods, iv, 127 ; v,110-111at Marietta, opening of, iv, 131-132average size, iv, 123-124built as redoubts, i, 51 ; iv, 128burial, explanation of, in, 78burials in. in, 78; iv, 58, 114, 126,127, 129-130, 131ceremonial use of, vr, 593character and number of, ques-tioned, iv, 144-145Chickasaw name for, i, 311classification, iv, 127date of, probable, iv, 137designed for residence, in, 77diverse conclusions regarding, iv,145dwellings on, n, 83-84 ; iv, 124-125,134effigy, discussion of, I, 52-53, 59Florida, age and size of, ni, 77-78vessel from, i, 94garden beds, connection with, i, 60gateways to, i, 48gradual growth of, iv, 128, 129in Sioux country, iv, 67in Virginia, vr, 609Indian ignorance concerning, i, 14intrusive objects in, iv, 132location, n, 70 ; iv, 125, 128Lybian characters identified in, I,37measurements, vi, 599of diluvial formation, iv, 146of the Dacota country, n, 176of the Mississippi Valley, n, 69on agricultural lands, i, 64on Alabama River, v, 282-283on the Pocotaligo, n, 89opinion of Winnebagoes on, iv, 231opinion regarding, of early ex-plorers, v, 108origin, possible, i, 355Peruvian and Mississippi Valley,v, 93pipes found in, i, 68plate showing dimensions, i, 52platform, explanation of. iv, 125,130
140 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Mounds?Continuedpurpose, i, 179 ; iv, 56, 114, 125-127
;
v, 104religious origin, i, 61resembling teocalli of Mexico, iv,123sacrificial, rv, 126, 128Serpent, interpretation of, i, 32size of, iv, 124, 125small, over burials, n, 69totemic, i, 52-53 ; rv, 128, 666truncated, explanation of, v, 30types of, three, i, 61use, in warfare, i, 64-65vessel from, illustrated, i, 94West Virginia, articles found in, i,121-122exploration of, i, 120-121with ditches, iv, 126See also Grave Creek Mound ; MonkMound ; Tumuli.Mount Hope, seat of the Pokanokets, vi,150, 154, 155Mount Hope government, territory in-cluded in, vi, 115Mount Juliet, occupied by Illinese, v,192Mount Pitt, origin of name of, in, 165Mount Royal, naming of, vi, 57Mount Shasta, description of, in, 165Mountain Indians, population of, n, 27Mountaineers, a synonym of Montagnais(q. v.), rv, 540synonym of Nopeming (q. v.)? iv,554Mountpleasant, John, Tuscarora chief,n, 541Mourning customs, v, 59, 105California Indian, iv, 225-226Chinook, vr, 621-622Comancbe, I, 237 ; n, 68, 133-134 ; v,685Dacotah, m, 243 ; iv, 66Delaware, v, 685Kenisteno, described, v, 168illustrated, v, 168Oregon Indian, v, 655Osage, v, 685sentiment expressed in, in, 327similar to Jewish, i, 261-262use of black in, n, 68Winnebago, rv, 55See also Burial customs.
Moving of camp, n, 76-77, 79Muckeleses, a Creek town, v, 262Mucoso, Chief, in, 37, 38derivation of name, in, 29Mudjeekewis, a Chippewa magistrate,v, 147Muhlenberg, Hiester H., translationmade by, rv, 324Muhzheguning, census of band at, i,458-467Mukickans, warriors of, iv, 605See also Mahicans.Mukkundwas, origin of name, v, 145,184See also Pillagers.Muk-ud-a-chib, Sisseton attacked by, n,165Muk-ud-a-waun-o-quod, noted Pillagerwarrior, n, 165Mukundua, Mukundwa. See Mukkund-was.Mule-dung, a Comanche chief, n, 128Mul-lat-te-co, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407Multnomah, location of, in, 570population, in, 570Mumford, Joseph, information fur-nished by, iv, 153Mummies, Egyptian, hair of, in, 393Indian, explanation of, vi, 622South American, hair of, in, 383Munceys. See Munceys and ChristianIndians ; Munsees.Munceys and Christian Indians, loca-tion and population of, v, 495removal of, v, 495Mundau. See Mundua.Mundua (Mundau, Mundwa), vi, 35exterminated by Ojibwas, n, 136,140war with Chippewas, v, 39Mundwa. See Mundua.Munro, Col., Fort William Henry de-fended by, vi, 221-222Munroe, Gov., iv, 210 ; vi, 709Munsays. See Munsees.Munsees (Minsi, Monsees, Munceys,Munsays, Muiisies), vi, 133, 488,687affiliations, iv, 617also called Delawares, v, 41
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 141Munsees?Continuedand Delawares, brief account of,hi, 561location and population of, vi,275warriors of, in, 561annuities of, ii, 588classification, in, 401 ; v, 145connection with Delawares, in, 592country occupied by, v, 495, 668,669 ; vi, 32, 705, 714cranial measurements, rr, 335divisions, vi, 147emigration, vi, 504, 505hunting grounds, vi, 714included in Christian Indians, v,506language spoken by, n, 341Lenno Lenapees, a totemic divisionof, vi, 147migrations, vi, 317population, i, 523; v, 495, 668; vi,275, 687, 705, 707, 714reference to dialect of, in, 96removal, v, 495; vr, 516, 536Senecas joined by, in, 561subjection of, by Iroquois, n, 37;iv, 617See also Munceys and ChristianIndians ; Stockbridges and Mun-sees.Munsies. See Munsees.Murder, punishment for, i, 277 ; n, 183
;
v, 653Murek. See Morai-uh.Murphey, census of neighborhood of, i,508-517Murphy, Henry C, petition signed by,in, 618Mur-til-par, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Muscalaroes, Muscaleros. See Mesca-leros.Muscle Shoals, reference to, in, 346Muscoculges. See Muskogees.Muscodanig, a synonym of Miscotins(Mascoutens, q. v.), v, 41Muscogee (Muscogulgee) Confederacy.See Muskogees.Muscogee language. See Muskogeelanguage.
Muscogees, Muscogies, Muscogulges.See Muskogees.Muscoso. See Moscoso.Museum, anthropological, suggestionregarding, iv, 660Mushalatubbee, a Choctaw district, iv,582Mushkeags, country occupied by, vi, 33See also Maskigos ; Muskegos.Mushkodains (Mushcodainsug, Mush-kodainsug), account of, i, 307garden beds attributed to, i, 59identified as Mascoutens, i, 307ossuaries attributed to, i, 69See also Mascoutens.Mushulatubbee, annuity provided for,vi, 403Music, Indian
:
Carib, n, 312Chippewa war song, v, 562chorus in, iv, 71mnemonic symbols for, n, 226-228simplicity of, iv, 71time in, observance of, n, 514use of reeds in, iv, 73-74See also Chants; Music-boards;Musical instruments ; Songs.Music boards, I, 361-362explanation of, vi, 606lacking among Sioux, iv, 71pictographs on, i, 112Musical instruments, antique Mexican,vi, 580, 588California Indian, v, 650Dacotah, iv, 71description of, n, 514illustrations of, H, 514Klamath Indian, in, 173Pueblo, iv, 74use of, n, 514See also Drum; Flute; Rattles.Mus-ka-le-ras. See Mescaleros.Muskegos (Muskegoes, Muskigoes),also called Nopemings, v, 41origin and meaning of the name, v,
.145reference to food of, i, 41separation of, from Ojibwas, n, 139See also Maskigos; Mushkeags.
142 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Musketoons, in, 561collective name for Weas, Pianka-shaws, etc., vi, 275warriors, in, 561See also Mascoutens.Muskhogean stock. See Apalachians;Chocta-Muskhog.Muskigoes. See Muskegos.Muskingum River, Indians of, vi, 207,260, 275, 714Muskingum towns, expedition against,vi, 317-318Muskogee (Muscogee, Muskokee) langu-age, dialects of, i, 268geographical names in, with deri-vation, iv, 380-381publications in, iv, 546vocabulary of (numerals), ii, 220;iv, 416-429See also Creek language.Muskogees (Muscoculges, Muscogees,Muscogies, Muskhogee, Muskho-ghee), v, 99, 251-283account of, I, 265-283allies of the French, vi, 237attempt to gather statistics on, v,482beliefs, i, 269, 271, 272calendar system, i, 271-272census, iv, 575-581Chicoreans incorporated with, in,96classification, i, 197 ; in, 29, 401 ; v,42country of, described, i, 269-270cranial capacity, n, 335; v, 244creation myth, i, 266De Soto in territory of, I, 134forts erected by, v, 110head flattening among, n, 325linguistic relations, m, 404location, i, 266 ; v, 577 ; vi, 32metal plates of, illustrated, in, 89preserved by, in, 88-90migration, i, 267; n, 32name, origin of, vr, 333for the Creeks, v, 504; vi, 47,333former, n, 32synonomy, i, 266origin, n, 84claim, iv, 148peace negotiated by, vi, 332-333
Muskogees?Continuedperiod of supremacy, v, 115population, i, 266reference to Salic law of, m, 40tribes conquered by, n, 32 ; in, 27See also Creeks; Machecous.Muskrat, hunting of, n, 51Musquakeys (Musquiakis) and others,dwelling grounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714warriors, estimate of, in, 555See also Foxes.Musquatons and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714Musquiakis. See Musquakeys.Musquins, Mexican name for Oraivaz,iv, 87Musquitans (Musquitons), dwellinggrounds, vi, 714huntiug grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714warriors, estimate of, in, 554See also Mascoutens.Mustees and Mulattoes, number of, atCalifornia missions, i, 520Mutilation, self, as a sign of mourning,ii, 134Muzzinabiks, inscriptions called, vi,605, 606Myeengun, Chief, inscription recordingexploits of, i, 406, 414Mynomanies and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714See also Menominee.Myontonimo. See Miontonimo.Mystic River, Pequot fort on, vi, 118,121Mythology, v, 406-411and oral tradition, i, 316-332importance of study of, iv, 660Indian, basic theory of, n, 435lack among Comanche, i, 237of Mississippi Valley tribes, vi,647-657of the Algonquins, iv, 255 ; vi, 658-663of the Chippewa, v, 149-150of the Dacotahs, m, 231-246
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 143Mythology?Continuedof the Six Nations, vi, 666-670oriental and occidental, coinci-dences in, iv, 664Toltec and Aztec, vi, 636-646See also Gods.Myths. See Legends ; Origin traditions.NNaagutl. See Nai-a-gutl.Naamikeke, "Christian Indians" at, v,225Naa nee aa ghee, a Stikeen River tribe,v, 489census of, v, 489Naass, listed as a linguistic family, in,402Nabaduchoes. See Nabedaches.Nabajos. See Navajoes.Nabanois, chief, Chippewa leader, i, 304Nabedaches (Nabaduchoes), brief ac-count of, i, 239classification, in, 402Nabhow, mention of wife of, v, 237Nabil-tse language, probably fromRogue's River, in, 423See also Hoopah language.Naboh, a California band, in, 116Nacado-cheets, brief account of, I, 239See also Nacogdoches.Na-che-ning-a, Iowa chief, characteri-zation of, in, 265Nacogdoches, missionary work among,vi, 734See also Nacado-cheets.Nacook, derivation of name, v, 225Naddod, of Norway, discovery madeby, vi, 742Nadowa, Algonquin name for Iroquois,in, 292 ; vi, 236Nadowaig (Nodowaig, Nod-o-ways), asynonym of Iroquois, n, 136; v,39defeat by Ojibwas, n, 149enemies of Chippewas (Ojibwa),n, 136; v, 39Nadowasie [Sioux], vr, 687Nado-wassies (Iroquois), a name forthe Iroquois, vi, 194foes of Adirondacks, vi, 194Nadowegoning, meaning of name, iv,383Nadowesies, v, 647
Naemkeck, listed by Capt. John Smith.v, 218Nago-nabe, head of Mille Lac band, n,222Nagondagon, census of band at, I, 458-467Nahane. See Nohannies.Nah-dah-waig, a synonym of Iroquois,v, 193Nahuatlacs, traditions of, v, 96Nai-aguth, a Klamath River tribe, in,634Nai-a-gutl, a village on Klamath River,in, 138Naikun. See Ne coon.Naimkeak, a synonym of Amoskeag(q. v.), v, 222Naked-head, a Comanche chief, n, 128Nakoaktok. See Nar kock tau.Naloh, a California tribe, vi, 711Namabin River, inscription on rocks of,i, 406Namaha River, tribe on, vi, 548Namanamin, population unknown, I,521Namansket, Indian attack on, vi, 165Namaoskeag(s), application of thename, v, 223, 224location, v, 221name, variants of, v, 221-222village at, v, 224See also Amoskeag; Namaske.Namaske (Namaskeke, Namaskike), asynonym of Amoskeag, v, 222, 234Indian fishing place, v, 232, 233location, v, 225, 234See also Amoskeag; Namaoskeag.Namaskeke, Namaskiki. See Namaske.Nambe, language, v, 689population, m, 633 ; vi, G87, 709remarks, vi, 687Nameanilieu, number of warriors, in,556totems, ni, 556Names, aboriginal American, withetymology, ni, 510-549miscellaneous, of Indian origin[letter B], iv, 554-564of Chippewa delegation, i, 417-420of Indian origin [A to Z], v, 535-542of the dead, custom concerning, vi,633
144 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Names?Continuedof tribes, confusion in, vi, 137for themselves, vi, 572-573popular, i, 395of villages, source of, n, 171See also Names, geographical
;
Names, personal ; Naming cus-toms; Place names.Names, geographical, Algonquin, withderivations, rv, 379-380Dacotah, with derivations, iv, 384Iroquois, with derivations, iv, 381-384left by Algonquins, in, 75list with derivations, rv, 379-384Muscogee, with derivations, rv,380-381N6zperce, i, 226of Indian origin [letter C], in, 501-509 ; v, 570-577suggestions for, v, 621-625tribes located by, iv, 667See also Place names.Names, personal, aversion to use of, iv,217bestowal of, in, 189 ; vi, 660lists of, with meanings, iv, 377-379of the "Cushna" tribe, n, 507-508secret nature, n, 66sources, i, 34 ; n, 65-66 ; m, 61 ; rv,377-379taboos concerning, n, 196; vi, 633See also Naming customs.Nameuilini. See Nameailieu.Naming customs, Algonquin, vi, 660Comanche, n, 132concerning animals, in, 153Dacotah, ni, 234, 240See also Names.Namoit, population unknown, I, 521Nanabozho. See Manabozho.Nanamacomuck, brief account of, v, 237Nanandawi idiwa, a healing ceremony,v, 437-440Nandakoes, classification of, m, 402See also Anadarko.Nanticokes (Nanticos), v, 137; vi, 141alliance made by, vi, 132and others, population of, vi, 270classification, in, 401colony in territory of, vi, 744country occupied by, v, 38, 668; vi,131, 714
Nanticokes?Continuedhunting grounds, vi, 714identical with Conoys, vi, 132in league with Iroquois, vi, 132language of, reference to, n, 36location of, vi, 131migrations, iv, 563 ; vi, 132population, v, 668 ; vi, 714subjection to Iroquois, iv, 617Nanticos. See Nanticokes.Nantucket Indians (Nantuckets), affil-iations of, vr, 150missionary work among, vi, 734, 736Na-po-batin(s), a collective name, m,110language, m, 110Nar-a-tah, Waco name for Comanches,ii, 126Narent Chouan, number of warriors at,in, 553Nar kock tau, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Narragansett Bay, Indians living on,vi, 103Narragansetts, vi, 113, 114, 115, 430, 687chief of, vi, 173classification, in, 401cranial measurements, n, 335derivation of name, v, 38feud of, reference to vi, 173in King Philip's War, vi, 154, 155,172land claimed by, in, 583location, ra, 583; v, 218; vi, 125migration tradition, v, 98overthrow, vi, 166-167population, i, 524; in, 583; vi, 687relations with the English, vr, 111,125-126slaughter of, vi, 163treaty made with, vi, 155tribal circle, vi, 173wars of, vi, 125-127; 161-167Narvaez, Pamphilio de, Creek opposi-tion to, vi, 369defeat by Cortez, vi, 743by Indians, v, 410difficulties encountered by, in, 33discovery made by, i, 133expedition of, i, 135 ; n, 20-21 ; m,28-33 ; vi, 44-47, 58, 743
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 145Narvaez?Continuedhostility to, cause of, in, 26relations with Indians, n, 33-34Nascapee. See Scoffies.Nashoways. See Nashuas.Nashua, Eliot's preaching at, v, 233Nashua River, meaning of the name,v, 221Nashuas (Nashoways), affiliations of,vi, 150land occupied by, v, 221subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222Nasomah (Nassoma), a Rogue Riverband, vi, 702census, v, 492 ; vi, 702Nass Indians, census of, v, 487Indian names for tribes of, v, 487language spoken by, v, 487location, v, 487Nass River, tribes of, v, 487Nassaque, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Nassoma. See Nasomah.Nasumi. See Nasomah.Nasutan, Eliot aided by, vi, 107, 530Natacooks, origin of the name, v, 221synonym of Souhegan, v, 221Nataotin. See Nateotetains.Nat-che-to, Chief, v, 198Natchez, a Creek town, v, 262Natchez (Natches, Nauchee, Nautches),iv, 614 ; v, 115absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370Appalachian by conquest, v, 42called Chigantualga, v, 99classification, n, 343, 345 ; in, 401
;
vi, 31, 47conquered by Creeks, vi, 365country occupied by, Hi, 559 ; vi, 32Creek nation, part of the, v, 260decline of, vi, 628extermination of, ii, 324fire worship among, v, 67government, vi, 626-627head flattening among, n, 324hostility to De Soto, in, 49language, i, 268; n, 32; in, 404;v, 99maps showing location, n, 28; v,253medical practices, vi, 632mound-building, iv, 148origin tradition, v, 61 ; vi, 32
Natchez?Continuedperpetual fire of, v, 68population, iv, 381; vi, 272sun worship, iv, 639 ; v, 68, 103 ; vi,626-628unclassified, n, 33warriors, estimate of number, in,555, 559Natchitoches, classification of, in, 402location, in, 585, 596population, in, 585, 596Nateotetains, population of, n, 28Natheldianeh, signer of treaty, vi, 144Natic (Natick) Indians, cranial capac-ity of, v, 244measurements, n, 335influence of civilization on, vi, 125missionary work among, vi, 734Natic language, Bible in, described, iv,529-530classification, v, 145-146list of words from, v, 39so called by Eliot, vi, 108vocabulary, v, 556-557Natic (Natick) village, Indians at, i,287 ; v, 225meaning of name, v, 225Natick. See Natic.Natio perticarum, a synonym of Andas-tes, vi, 137National Observatory, expedition from,v,93Natootetains, an Athapascan tribe, in,542Naticook (Natticook), a Pennacook vil-lage, v, 230derivation of name, v, 225Nauchee. See Natchez.Naumkeag, a synonym of Amoskeag, v,222cranial measurements, n, 335See also Amoskeag.Naiini (Na-iini, Na-u-ni), classificationof, ii, 343Comanche name for themselves, n,126meaning of name, n, 126population, i, 518synonym of Comanches, n, 125See also Comanches.Nauniem. See No-na-um.Nautches. See Natchez.
146 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Nautowas, alliance with Menomonie, I,304See also Iroquois.Navaho. See Navajoes.Navajo blankets. See Blankets.Navajo language, affinities, iv, 217; v,203, 689numerals, iv, 429-431vocabulary, iv, 416-429Navajoes (Nabajos, Navahoes), iv, 82,83 ; vi, 687account of, i, 243 ; iv, 209-215, 217-220and Utahs, described, v, 200arts of, state of, v, 204beliefs of, vi, 568characteristics, i, 519; iv, 209, 211comparative civilization of, iv, 218country of, described, iv, 209, 211-212creation myth, iv, 89-91, 218-220dialect of, mentioned, v, 203expedition against, i, 246; iv, 209-211ill treatment of, iv, 211, 215illustration showing country of, iv,210life of, iv, 89linguistic affinities, iv, 217; v, 203,689manners and customs, iv, 72-91map showing location, in, 96; iv, 24marriage customs, iv, 214missionary work among, v, 503nomadic nature, in, 70; iv, 213population, i, 244, 245, 519 ; iv, 214,220; v, 484, 498; vi, 687, 705Pueblos harassed by, iv, 81reputed builders of ''Casas Grande,"ni, 297sheep of, origin of, in, 309social organization, iv, 211supposed descent of, n, 29territory occupied by, iv, 216 ; vi,705traditions of, v, 203weaving, reference to, v, 106wigwam of, described, in, 70Navasink. See Navesink.Navesink (Navisinks), meaning ofname, iv, 380location, vi, 100Nawagizhi, an Ottowa chief, vi, 386
Nadowissnees [Sioux], meaning ofname, vi, 34Na wee tee (Newittee), a Queen Char-lotte Sound tribe, v, 488census, v, 488classification, in, 402Naw-hu-hu-kaw, opinion of, cited, iv,231Nawiti. See Na wee tee.Naw4jey-ku-kaw's band, census of, i,498-507Nawunena. See Ner-mon-sin-nan-see.Ne ah micco, chief at So woe co lo, iv,580Nebraska Territory, data on land of, v,501Indian lands in, iv, 183 ; v, 486Indian population, v, 486knowledge of tribes of, i, 198population and area, iv, 610tribes of, v, 494Necariages, admitted to Iroquois con-federacy, in, 198-199See also Amikwa.Nechacoke Indians, location of, in, 570population, m, 570Necklaces, bead, illustrated, in, 69bear-claw, as amulet, ni, 69illustrated, in, 68symbolism of, in, 69Ne coon, census of, v, 489language, v, 4S9location, v, 489Ne cul ta, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Needles, bone, specimens, i, 68Neeketoos, location, in, 571population, in, 571Neerchokioon, a Shahalah tribe, in, 570location, hi, 570Nees lous, a division of the Sabassas,v, 487census, v, 487Nee-wa-mish (Nee-wam-ish) Indians,language, iv, 600location, iv, 598population, iv, 598See also Dwamish.Ne-gan-e-ke-shig, biography of, n, 163-165
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 147Negroes, a cause of trouble, i, 281among the Seminoles, vi, 534mixture with Indians, i, 287part taken in Seminole War, vr,469, 473slaves of Creek towns, iv, 578status among the Dacotah, in, 243tradition concerning origin, rv, 229See also Ethiopian race.Nehantics, allies of Pequots, vi, 118See also Ninantics; Nocanticks.Ne har mic co, a Cussetaw Town chief,iv, 579Ne har thlock o, chief at Tol o warthlock o, iv, 580Ne haw lacco chop-co, of Tuck a batchcha Town, iv, 575Neighbors, R. S., i, 229, 260Indian population reports by, i,518 ; v, 483 ; vi, 708report by, on the Comanches, n,125-134vocabulary by, n, 494 ; v, 217Neill, E. D., historical sketch by, v,646-648Nelson, Judge, v, 669Nelyetahneska, chief of the Whistana-tin, vi, 702Nemalquinner, location and populationof, in, 570Nemattanow, treachery and death of,vi, 98-99Ne-me-te-kah, Chief, band under, v, 201meaning of name, v, 201Nenabozhoo, the creator, v, 418, 419See also Manabosho.Neosho Agency, census, i, 498-507Neosho Colony, Indians within, iv, 460Neosho River, De Soto encamped on,vi, 67Neosho-Senecas, population of, iv, 590report on, iv, 590-591Neosho-Senecas and Shawnees, popula-tion of, iv, 590 ; vi, 687report on, iv, 590-591Neotetains, burial custom, v, 59Nepersinians. See Nipercineans.Nepicinquis, in, 554totems, in, 554warriors, number of, in, 554See also Nipissins.Nepisings. See Nipissins.Nepoaset, vr, 108
Neponsetts, affiliations, vi, 150Ner-mon-sin-nan-see, the southern bandof Arapaho, v, 496Nesqually. See Nisqually.Nets, use in fishing, ii, 51, 52, 53Neu-mon-ga, Iowa chief, characteriza-tion, in, 265Neus River, Indian village on, vi, 86Neuse River valley, tribe occupying, vi,182Neuter Nation ; Neuters. See NeutralNation.Neutral Ground, ceded by Winnebagoes,ni, 282description of, iv, 236-238location of tract called, ni, 280removal of Winnebago to, ni, 281,282; vi, 488, 497-498, 505theory of, vi, 505Neutral Nation (Neuter Nation, Neu-ters, account of, iv, 204-208bondage, living in, iv, 208classification, vi, 137description by Breboeuf, rv, 205destruction by the Iroquois, ni,289-290driven off by Iroquois, in, 196, 291Eries at head of, n, 85-86forts built by, v, 109identification, in, 289, 290 ; iv, 203,208Iroquois name for, iv, 208language, in, 290; iv, 207linguistic affinities of, iv, 207location, in, 289 ; iv, 204name, vi, 148-149French, for the Eries, iv, 198Iroquois, iv, 208synonyms, iv, 207population, iv, 207towns, iv, 207war against Maskouten, rv, 206war on, by Iroquois, v, 137by Senecas, vr, 148See also Attionandarons.Ne-u-tub-vig Indians, language, mentionof, iv, 600location and population, iv, 598New Brunswick, first settlers in, v, 074,677tribes of, v, 38, 219history of, v, 674-680
148 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152New Caledonia, cremation practiced in,I, 102New Dungeness Indians, population of,v, 491 ; vi, 703New Echota, dissension over treaty of,vi, 466-467, 474-475, 490, 493, 500,501, 503, 512-513New England, ancient names of, vr, 104corn of, ii, 29tribal circles of, vi, 173tribes of, v, 38white population in 1673, vi, 152New England tribes, account of, vr, 109-112, 113-127condition of, i, 284inroads upon, v, 231listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218number of, I, 284relations with colonists, vi, 125-126wars of, vi, 125-127New Fire, Aztec, reference to, v, 169New Fire ceremony, description of, v,267-268suggestive of Toltec origin, iv, 639Newfoundland, Cabot's landing at, vi,743discovery of, vr, 608voyages to, vr, 48New France, named by Verrazani, vi,73New Galicia, mention of, iv, 22, 23New Hampshire, Indians occupyingcoast of, vi, 744population and area of, iv, 610relics from, iv, 175New Hope Academy, Choctaw educationat, rv, 585New Jersey, population and area, iv,610New London, naming of, vi, 124New Mexico, ancient civilization in. v,112ancient pictographs in, vi, 604Indian lands in, iv, 183Indian population of, i, 245, 518,523 ; v, 484 ; vi, 687inscriptions from, described, iv,253-254illustrated, iv, 253 ; vi, 69land of, v, 501map of part of, rv, 24population, vi, 709and area, re, 610
New Mexico?Continuedpueblos, i, 519 ; in, 633tribes, i, 245, 519New Mexico Indians, vr, 687affinities of dialects of, v, 689population, i, 245 ; vi, 687report on, n, 555-556tribes, described, i, 242-246; iv,216-221 ; v, 197, 202list of, i, 245, 519New Netherlands, taken by English, vi,146New Orleans, founding of, v, 108; vi,185, 196New River, Indian name for, n, 116New Yarcau town. See New-yau-kau.New York (1) [State], antiquities of,n, 90-91 ; rv, 173-174illustrated, v, 85artesian borings in, i, 162census, Indian, first attempted by,v, 481of reservations in, vi, 690explorations in, vi, 100-102geography, physical, I, 176-180geology of, i, 163-165Indian lands in, in, 583, 586; v,480Indian population of, m, 583, 586,610 ; v, 480 ; vi, 707Iroquois population of, vi, 706mortuary pottery from, i, 84population and area of, iv, 610treaties with, made by Iroquois, vi,324tribes of, v, 41 ; vi, 34, 147western, antiquities of, v, 666-674;vi, 609history of, v, 666-674topography of, i, 163-165tribes of, vr, 275New York (2), a Creek town, v, 262origin of name, v, 262New York Bay, discovery of, vr, 100tribes surrounding, vi, 100New York harbor, first Europeans at, vi,42New York Indians, funds required for,n, 566lands claimed by, in, 583lands of, iv, 572population of, iv, 572; vi, 694
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 149New York Indians?Continuedtreaty settling boundary for, vi, 422See also under tribal names.Newberry, William, Chickasaw divisionof, i, 508Newichewannocks, location of, v, 223members of Pennacook Confed-eracy, v, 223origin of name, v, 223Newittee. See Na wee tee.Newport, Christopher, expedition com-manded by, vi, 96Newport Ruin, description, rv, 150-152fallacy concerning, iv, 117illustration of, iv, 121theories concerning, iv, 152-155true character, iv, 121Newriver, Gen., rule of, over Ctawbas,in, 295Newtown Point, treaty made at, v, 668New-yau-kau (New Yarcau town), vi,371derivation of name, iv, 381Nez Perce language, publications in, iv,551Nez Perces, vx, 688burials of, v, 655classification, in, 402crime among, v, 654enemies of Blackfeet, v, 181hunting grounds, I, 221location, vi, 700maps showing, in, 96, 200manners and customs, v, 652marriage customs, v, 654medicine men of, hereditary, v, 652names in language of, I, 226physical characteristics, v, 656population, i, 521; in, 632; v, 705,706, 707 ; vi, 688, 700, 701See also Chopunnish ; Sahaptins.Niagara, derivation of name, iv, 381-382mention of stoneheap at, v, 104See also Fort Niagara.Niagara Indians, represented at Can-andaigua council, vi, 326Niagara River, Indians of, vi, 148Niagara River Valley, Indians of, v, 144Niantic. See Nehantics; Ninantics;Nocanticks.Nichols, Col., mention of retreat of, vi,376
Nicolas, Louis, missionary work of, v,648Nicolet, J. J. See Nicollet, N. J.Nicoll, Henry, petition signed by, in,618Nicollet, N. J. (Nicolet, J. J.) caves de-scribed by, ii, 95-99ceremony witnessed by, v, 422Lake Itasca visited by, i, 148Nicostratus, reference to, iv, 511Nicotiana. See Tobacco.Nigh tan, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Nightasis. See Nigh tan.Nim kish, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Nimsewi. See Nimsus.Nimsus, location of, vi, 710Ninantics, controlled by Sassacus, vi,112See also Nehantics; Nocanticks.Ninegret, vi, 112captive Pequots assigned to, vi, 123Ningwegon, vr, 382Ninivoan, Ninivois, Ninivona. SeeMinivoa.Nipegon, derivation of name, in, 524Nipercineans (Nepersinians, Nipercin-ians), classification, n, 36 ; v, 145identification, v, 144, 146origin and language, v, 144origin of name, n, 358other names for, v, 41territory occupied by, i, 307true Algonquins, i, 307See also Nipissins.Nipercinians. See Nipercineans.Nipigon, I, 304Nipiseing. See Nipissins.Nipissing. See Nipissins.Nipissingo. See Nipissins.Nipissins (Nepisings, Nipiseing, Nipis-singo, Nipissiriens), applicationof name, v, 143country occupied by, hi, 559name, meaning of, v, 40synonymy, v, 41not an independent tribe, v, 40warriors, estimate of, in, 559See also Nepicinquis ; Nipercineans
;
O-dish-quag-um-eeg.
150 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Nipissiriens. See Nipissins.Nipmuck(s), affiliations of, vr, 150allies of King Philip, vi, 155application of name, v, 223country inhabited by, v, 218derivation of name, v, 223hostilities of, vi, 158Nishcaudjinine, an Ottowa chief, vi,386Nishrams, murder by, of medicine-man,v, 653Niska. See Nass Indians.Nisqualli. See Nisqually.Nisqually (Nesqually) Indians, in, 632location, rv, 598maps showing location of, in, 96,200population, iv, 598; v, 705See also Qualliamish ; Skwalz
;
Squalliamish.Nisqually River, Indian population of, v,491tribes on, vi, 703Nitschman, Bishop David, missionarywork of, v, 680Niuna (Niyuna), v, 81; vi, 34, 489, 688Comanche name for themselves, v,576synonym of Comanches, v, 483; vi,6S6See also Comanches.Niuyaka. See New-yau-kau ; New York(2).Niyuna. See Niuna.Noachian epoch, in progress of civiliza-tion, n, 45Noah, Lt, rv, 630Nocanticks, affiliations of, vi, 150See also Nehantics.No cle pisa hargo, a Creek chief, iv, 576Nodowaig. See Nadowaig.Nodowaqua, story of, iv, 49Nodoway, meaning of the word, n, 139Nod-o-ways. See Nadowaig.Nod-o-way-se-wug, Ojibwa name forSioux, H, 139Ojibwa name for Six Nations, n,139Nohannies, an Athapascan tribe, Hi,542population of, n, 28Noht-scho, a Klamath River tribe andvillage, ni, 138, 634
Noka (No-ka), v, 184biography of, brief, n, 162-163Chippewa chief, v, 98, 148Noka River, alleged origin of name, n,163Nokay (No-kay), Chippewa hunter, ex-ploit of, n, 54Ojibwa war party led by, n, 155No-ko-nies, a Comanche division, n, 127meaning of the name, n, 127Nomadic life, effect of, on Indian cul-ture, v, 392-393Nomadic tribes, country occupied by, vi,705on Upper Missouri, vi, 695population of, vi, 705Nome Cult Valley, Indian populationof, vi, 715report on conditions at, vr, 717Nome Lake Reservation, population of,vi, 715report on conditions at, vi, 716-717Nomenclature. See Names.Nonantums, affiliations of, vi, 150Nonatomenut, petition signed by, v, 237No-na-um, a Comanche division, n, 128meaning of name, ii, 128Nooklummi(e), brief account of, v, 701census, v, 704See also Lummi.Nookluolamic, population, vi, 701See also Lummi.Nooksaak, location, v, 704 ; vi, 703population, v, 491, 704 ; vi, 703Noosclalum (Nooselalum, Noostla-lums), brief account of, vi, 700population, i, 521 ; vi, 701See also Clallams.Noosechatl (Noo-seh-chatl), a Sawam-ish band, v, 703Noosechatl, village of, location, v, 703;vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703Nooselalum. See Noosclalum.Noostlalums. See Noosclalum.Noothum (Noot-hum-mic), language,mention of, iv, 600location, iv, 598See also Lummi.Noot-hum-mic. See Noothum.Nootka. See Nootka-Columbians.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 151Nootka-Columbians, color of, n, 321head flattening among, 11, 325, 326,328territory occupied by, n, 325tribes composing, n, 325Nootkans. See Nootka-Columbians.Nopemings, not an independent tribe, v,40name, origin and meaning of, v, 40,145synonymy, v, 41village of, iv, 554Norridgewock (town), vi, 174missionary work at, vi, 174-175Norridgewocks, an Abenaki division,in, 512brief account of, in, 512called Abanakis, v, 218location, v, 218North Carolina, Cherokees of, iv, 607occupation of, vi, 179population and area, iv, 610tribes of, v, 42; vi, 31-32, 33, 182size, vr, 182North Yanktons, a Yankton band, n,169Northmen, discoveries made by, vi, 742visits to America, i, 106North-west Company, activities, i, 139-140Northwest Territory, effect of establish-ment, vr, 348Indian lands in, iv, 183population and area, iv, 610Norton, Mohawk chief, work attributedto, iv, 526Norwalk School, Choctaw, report on, iv,585Norwood, Dr. J. G., reference to work of,iv, 190Nose ornaments, emerald, n, 111illustration, in, 69, pi. 14of California Indians, in, 141-142Notched stick, a musical instrument, n,514Nott, Josiah, in, 382, 383, 388acknowledgment to, in, 376Nottaways. See Nottoways.Nottowas. See Nottoways.Nottoways (Nottaways, Nottowas),Algonquin name for Iroquois, in,292
Nottoways?Continuedamalgamated with Negroes, I, 524,v, 36classification, m, 401country occupied by, in, 196included in Monacan dialects, ni,292lands claimed by, m, 583location, in, 196, 583name, origin of, v, 36population, in, 583 ; vr, 688remarks, vi, 688remnant, location of, v, 36-37Nourse, Joseph, letter regarding Indianlands, n, 582-583statements furnished by, n, 590Nova Scotia, discovery, vi, 608tribes, v, 38, 219N'quachamish, location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704 ; vi, 703Skagit division, v, 704N'quutl-ma-mish location, a Sin-a-ho-mish band, v, 704population, v, 704Nsirtshaus, classification, in, 402See also Tillamooks.Nukwatsamish. See N'quachamish.Nu-mal-tachee, a Tuolumne band, iv,407Numbers. See Numerals.Numeral system, Comanche, i, 233Creek, i, 273Numerals, Apachee, v, 587-589Arapahoes, in, 457-459Assiniboine, iv, 429-431, 432Caddo, v, 711Cheyennes, in, 457-459Creek method of recording, i, 273Indian discussion of, v, 712Mandan, m, 457-459Micmac, v, 587Mohawk, v, 646Navajo, iv, 429-431Pueblo (Zuni), ni, 457-459 ; rv, 429-431Tuscarora, v, 646Witchita, v, 711Numerals. See also Numeration.Numeration, Cherokee, n, 209-211Chippewa (Ojibwa), n, 216-218Choctaw, n, 204-206Comanche, n, 129-130Cuchan or Yuma, ii, 120
152 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Numeration?ContinuedDacota, ii, 178, 206-208Hitchittee or Chell-o-kee dialect,n, 220-221Indian power of, v, 244Ojibwa of Chegoimegon, n, 211-213Pillager, n, 213Winnebago, n, 214-216; iv, 241Wyandot, n, 218-220See also Numerals.Nummi River, Indian population, v, 491Nundowa, meaning of name, vi, 326Seneca name for themselves, vi,326Nunez Cabeza de Vaca. See Cabega deVaca. (Caba de Vaca).Nuschtsatl. See Noo-seh-chatl.Nusconcus, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218 OOajaca (State) antiquities, vi, 582-583Oak choy (Oakchoys), a Creek town,iv, 578 ; v, 262Oak fuska Town. See Oakfuskee.Oakford, Dr., crania received from, n,326Oakfuskee (Oak fuska Town, Ocfus-kee), vi, 371chiefs, iv, 576Creek town, iv, 576 ; v, 262Oakfuskies, at Oglethorpe's conference,v, 278Oakmulgee Creek, early Creek settle-ment on, v, 98Oak taw sar seg, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Oath, Dacotah form of, in, 244Obigwadens, a noted Pillager, v, 189Oboylaco, Creek chief, friendly to colon-ists, vi, 296Obsidian, antiquities, carved, vr, 579,587-588arrowheads, in, 467 ; v, 114knives, i, 92occurrence in Snake country, i, 209Obstetrics among Indians, iv, 515See also Childbirth.Obunegos (O-buh-ne-go), legend con-cerning v, 192location, v, 192relations with Michigamies, v, 196See also Abnaki.
O-bwah-nug, a synonym for Sioux, v,193Ocapa, an Arkansas village, in, 537Occom, Rev. Mr., activities, iv, 563See also Occum, Sampson.Occoquon Island, colony on, vr, 86English arrival, vi, 85Occum, Sampson, in, 22; biography, v,518-521degeneration in character, v, 521Indian emigration under, v, 506missionary work, v, 519-520portrait of, v, 518preaching of, v, 518, 519 ; vi, 734tribes under care of, vi, 324See also Occom, Rev. Mr.Oceanica, pictographic art, I, 429?130Ocfuskee, derivation of name, rv, 381,385See also Oakfuskee.Ocheeaupofau, derivation of name, rv,380O-chin-chin-nu-kaw's Band, census of, I,498-507Ochquaga, mention of stoneheap, i, 179
;
v, 104O-chunga-raw, a name of the Winne-bagoes, iv, 227Ockmulgees, conquered by Muscogees,ii, 32Ocmulgee. See Oakmulgee Creek;Ockmulgees.Oconees, ii, 344conquered by Muscogees, n, 32Oc te ar che micco, a Creek chief, rv,576Ocunnasto, Chief, treachery of, vi, 239Odagumaig (Odugameeg, Odug-aum-eeg) , enemies of Chippewas, v, 39enemies of Ojibwa, n, 136location, n, 141Ojibwas harassed by, ii, 141See also Foxes ; Odugameeg.O-dah-wah. See Odawas.Odawa Lake , origin of name, vi, 202Odawas (O-dah-wah), a name for theOttawas, vi, 202legend concerning origin, v, 192location, vi, 202name, meaning of, v, 40origin of, v, 145
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 153Odawas?Continuednot an independent tribe, v, 40relations with Michigamies, v, 196traders, also called, v, 145See also Ottawas.O-de-eilah tribe, number of villages, in,171Odell, William I., survey made by, v, 678Odenigans, a noted Pillager, v, 189Odin, Rev. M., v, 699O-dish-quag-um-eeg, driven west by SixNations, n, 139meaning of name, n, 139relations with Ojibwa, n, 139See also Nipercineans.Odjibwa language. See Ojibwa lan-guage.Odjibwas. See Ojibwas.Odjibways. See Ojibwas.Odugameeg (Odug-aum-eeg), synonymof Foxes, ii, 136 ; v, 39See Odagumaig.Odug-aum-eeg. See Odagumaig.Oealitk. See Onie le toch.Oetlitk. See Weitle toch.Offerings, deposited upon altars, rv, 126in fire ceremony, v, 65-66of food to the dead, i, 38-39, 83-84See also Sacrifices.Office, heredity in, I, 194See also Chieftainship.Ofogoula. See Affagoula.Ogakaning, a Chippewa band, i, 458census of, i, 458-467Ogallah. See Ogellalas.Ogden, Capt., vocabulary prepared by,v, 696Ogden, Gov., v, 663Ogden, Mr., information from, v, 101opinion of, cited, vi, 612Ogden, Peter Skeine, explorations of,v, 663Ogechedaw, a noted Pillager warrior, v,189Ogechees. See Ogeetches.Ogeechee. See Ogeetches.Ogeelala. See Ogellalas.Ogee-mah kee-ge-to, Chief, treatment ofwound of, iv, 513-514Ogeetches (Ogechees), absorbed byCreeks, vi, 370foes of Creeks, v, 98Ogellahs. See Ogellalas.
Ogellalah. See Ogellalas.Ogellalas (Ogallah, Ogeelala, Ogellahs,Ogellalah, Oglala), a Titon divi-sion, ni, 629; vi, 688bands of, in, 629census, vi, 556, 713country occupied by, in, 629; v,491; vi, 556, 695inscription by, described, iv, 252-253illustrated, iv, 251leading men, in, 629population, i, 523; v, 494; vi, 688,695See also Oglala.Ogelthorpe. See Oglethorpe.Ogillisa, of Tuck-a-batch-cha Town, iv,575Ogima, Ogimaus, use of the terms, i,194; in, 62Ogimawish, tale related by, v, 194-195Oglala, names for, i, 249See also Ogellalas.Oglethorpe (Ogelthorpe) Gen., colonyestablished by, vr, 186conference with Indians, v, 278Ohah-hans-hah, origin of name, n, 171Ohanhanska. See Ohah-hans-hah.Oh-hah-quah, band under, v, 201meaning of name, v, 201Ohio, admission to Union, vi, 350, 393antiquities, v, 660-662, 665-666discovery of copper implements, v,665-666early expeditions to, vi, 213expansion, vi, 348first settlement, vi, 330Indian lands, in, 583, 586; v, 480Indian population, ni, 583, 586; v,480, 481population and area, iv, 610tribes of, v, 40Ohio Indians, vi, 132Ohio River, derivation and meaning ofname, ni, 328; iv, 384; v, 133-134 ; vi, 227illustration of view on, vi, 312navigation on, m, 340-341tribes of, vi, 32, 714Ohio Valley, census of warriors, iv,605exploration and settlement, vi, 596-597
154 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ohio Valley?ContinuedFrench possession, vi, 206, 208Indian population, iv, 605-606mounds, vi, 610remains showing occupancy, v, 41struggle for possession of, vi, 212-214, 274, 300tribes of, v, 35-36, 37, 41, 140 ; vi,210Oh-nah, a band of Bald Hill Indians, in,139Oh-pah, a band of Bald Hill Indians, ni,139O I Cle la, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Oiyotl, a Klamath River tribe, in, 634Klamath River village, in, 138Ojibwa (Odjibwa) language, an Algon-quin dialect, n, 341grammatical comments, in, 417-419letter written in, with translation,v, 601-603mother language of the Algonquins,ii, 358vocabularies, n, 211-213, 216-218,458-469short list of words, v, 39words and phrases, in, 412-416See also Chippewa language.Ojibwas (Ojibways, Odjibwas, Odjib-ways), v, 203account of, n, 135-167at Braddock's defeat, vt, 218battle with Foxes, illustrated, n,142beliefs, n, 135-136 ; m, 520biographies, n, 160-167Chippewa name for themselves, v,41, 142classification, in, 401eternal fire of, vi, 629first contact with Whites, n, 140-147 ; v, 39Grand Traverse Bay, vocabulary,ii, 458-469history, n, 137-167location of bands, n, 137of villages, n, 146map showing boundaries, n, 137
Ojibwas?ContinuedMichilimackinac, vocabulary, n,458-469migrations, n, 32, 136-137, 139-140mission church, v, 698missionary work among, v, 699 ; vi,734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740Mundau tribe exterminated by, n,136name, derivation of, vi, 483meaning of, v, 40not an independent tribe, v, 40origin, legend of, v, 192-193population, n, 139, 140, 151reason for location of, n, 141relations with French, ii, 148religious beliefs, n, 135-136revenge on Foxes, n, 141, 142Saganaw, vocabulary, u, 458-469St. Mary's vocabulary, n, 458-469territory occupied, i, 307 ; n, 151totems, ii, 138tribes calling themselves, v, 145vocabularies, n, 458-469wars, ii, 142, 150-160wigwams, n, 80See also Chippewa.Ojibways. See Ojibwas.Ojo Caliente, brief description, v, 211-212Oka. See Connefedagoes.Okafanoka swamp, misplaced on map,v, 256Okanis, remarks, in, 557See also Kansas tribe.Okechoyatte, name for Muscogees orCreeks, i, 266 ; n, 32 ; vi, 333Oke-fus-ke-yo-ho-lo, a Cussetaw Townchief, iv, 579Oke-noke, a Trinity River village, ni,139Okinaganes. See Okinagans.Okinagans (Okinaganes, Okinakanes,Okonagan, Okonagon), location,v, 490; vi, 688maps showing, in, 96, 200population, in, 632 ; v, 490, 706, 707
;
vi, 688, 700See also Oukinagans.Okinakanes. See Okinagans.Okisco, Chief, mention of, vr, 91Okonagan, Okonagon. See Okinagans.Okreletan, a Rogue River band, vi, 702
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 155Okswago, a name for Lake Erie, iv, 382Ok-ti-ar-che-e-niarth-lar, chief at Os-witchee, rv, 580Ola walum, explanation of, vi, 176name for picture writing, i, 334prophecy in, v, 142Old age and infirmity, Indian attitude,ii, 179, 196 ; iv, 56, 67, 241 ; v, 179
"Old fields," Creek council-fire at, vi,370Oldham, Col., death of, vi, 336Oldham, mention of massacre of, vi,119Old Owl, a Comanche chief, n, 128Old people. See Old age and infirmity.Old Red-shoe, chief of Alabamas andCoosades, v, 263Old Wing Colony Band, census of, i,478-487Old Zuiii, Cibola identified as, iv, 24, 32,33, 39location, iv, 33sketch of, iv, 40See also Zuni.Oleteraca, vi, 74Olhon. See Ol-hones.Ol-hones, a Dolores Mission tribe, n, 506called Costanos, n, 506Olippas, location and population, vi,710Ollep-pauh'1-kah-teht'l, a Trinity Rivervillage, in, 139Olmec monarchy, period of, in, 515Olmecs, i, 21reference to sun worship, iv, 639rule of, i, 21Ololopa. See Holilepas ; Olippas.Olstuaga village, iv, 329Omahas (Omahaws, Omehas), v, 450affiliations, iv, 550census, i, 498-507classification, ni, 402Dacota group, n, 37descendants of Winnebagoes, m,278encounter with Sioux and Poncas,vi, 693fiscal statistics, vi, 721, 723funds required, n, 570general condition, iv, 466; vi, 546geographical position, i, 498indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536land ceded by, v, 494&36706?54 11
Omahas?Continuedlands, iv, 573linguistic affinities, i, 248location, iv, 461 ; v, 494map showing colony, iv, 180maps showing, in, 96 ; vi, 519missionary work among, v, 698 ; vi,739missions, attendance at, v, 698origin, claim concerning, iv, 227population, i, 523 ; in, 609 ; iv, 573
;
v, 494 ; vi, 688, 693, 705, 706decrease in, vi, 706reference to territory, iv, 486Siouan stock, i, 197statement of treaty, v, 497territory claimed, vi, 546occupied, vi, 705whiskey trade, vi, 706See also Owaha.Omahaws. See Omahas.Omamee (Omamees), a synonym ofMiamis, v, 41enemies of the Ojibwas, n, 136name for Maumes, v, 39See also Miamies.Omamees. See Omameeg.O-man-ee, early enemies of the Ojibwas,n, 141location, n, 141See also Medawakantons.Omehas. See Omahas.Omens, belief in, in, 226Dacotahs guided by, in, 228Onagunga, Iroquois name for Abinaqui,vi, 174Onantagues, estimates of warriors, in,555totems, ni, 555See also Onondagas.Onas, Indian name for Thomas Penn,iv, 338Iroquois name of Wm. Penn, m,197Onch-pa-pah (Onkpapah), a Titon divi-sion, m, 629bands of, m, 629leading men, in, 629location, in, 629 ; v, 494population, v, 494Ondaaiondiont, Charles, embassyheaded by, vi, 139, 143Ondaigweos, a leading Chippewa, v, 148
156 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ondessonk, name for Father Joques,vi, 139Oneida, derivation of name, i, 176; iv,384 ; v, 152, 153Oneida (town), number of Oneidas at,vi, 706Oneida Castle, i, 177Oneida, name for, iv, 490Skenandoah chief at, v, 510Oneida Creek valley, tribe occupying,vi, 504Oneida drift stratum, i, 178-179Oneida Lake, illustration, v, 153tribe dwelling on, vi, 714Oneida language, prayer book, iv, 527-528vocabulary, n, 482-493Oneida Reservation, census of, vi, 690location, vi, 690Oneida stone, i, 57, 176-180description, v, 153illustration, I, 177 ; v, 154mistake concerning, v, 153removal of, v, 153-154See also Oneota stone.Oneidas, vi, 152, 153at Canandaigua convocation, vi, 326belief in evil spirits, in, 483census, i, 441-457 ; in, 621-628 ; vi,718characteristics, v, 154classification, in, 401colonies aided by, vr, 334conference with, v, 667cranial measurements, n, 335divisions, i, 441general history, v, 152-154Green Bay, census of, i, 441-457population, vi, 6S8, 707bunting grounds, vi, 714Iroquois division, iv, 204joined by Stockbrklges, iv, 563land ceded, vi, 324location, i, 441; in, 5S3, 590; iv,463; v, 60S; vi, 147, 705, 714map showing, in, 96migration, v, 152-153missionary work among, v, 698 ; vi,734, 735, 737, 739New York, census of, v, 504-505government, v, 504population, vi, 6S8, 707number on reservations, n, 539, 541
Oneidas?Continuedone of the Six Nations, iv, 616Oneida Castle, census, i, 441-457origin myth, vi, 670population, i, 441 ; in, 583, 590 ; rv,603, 604 ; v, 668 ; vi, 694, 705, 706,707, 714relations with Whites, v, 154religious divisions, v, 506removal of, iv, 604reputation, v, 512reservation described, n, 541Revolutionary War, part in, v, 510,513, 515 ; vi, 277, 280, 293, 312, 313symbol for, i, 176warriors, number of, vi, 616Wisconsin, census of, v, 504-505government, v, 504prosperous condition, v, 506See also Oneiders ; Oneydoes.Oneidas and Tuscaroras, land ceded, vi,324location, vi, 275population, vi, 275Oneiders, warriors, iv, 605Oneota, aboriginal name for stone, i,176Oneota stone, i, 1C9See also Oneida stone.( )neydoes, member of Five Nations, in,184See also Oneida.Oneydoes and Toscororas, warriors, nr,561Ongue-honwe, Five Nations' name forthemselves, in, 185Onguiaahra, a town of the NeutralNation, iv, 207Ongwi Honwi, a name for the Iroquois,vi, 188Onie le toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, v,487census, v, 487Oniouts, French name for Oneidas, v,154Onkpapah. See Onch-pa-pah.Onkteri, a class of Dakota gods, iv,643explanation of, vi, 649sacrifices to, vi, 649Ounogontes, number of warriors, in,555totems, in, 555
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 157Onondaga country, exploration and set-tlements, v, 163-164search for salt, in, 98-99series of saline strata, in, 97-99Onondaga dictionary, depository of, iv,526Onondaga language, vocabulary, n,482-493Onondaga (village), capture and burn-ing of, vi, 306journey to, from Tulpehocken, iv,324Oneidas at, vi, 706Onondagas at, vi, 706Onondaga Reservation, census of, vi,690location, vi, 690Onondagas (Onondagoes, Onontagers),an Iroquois division, iv, 204at siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292Cattaraugus, census of, i, 441-457census, i, 441-457; v, 504-505; vi,718classification, in, 401conference with, v, 667divisions of, i, 441dwelling grounds, vi, 714dwellings, iv, 340government, v, 504history, general, v, 155-164hunting grounds, vi, 714in the Revolutionary War, v, 513
;
vi, 283, 285land ceded by, vi, 324life of, on reservation, v, 506location, i, 441; in, 583, 590; v,668; vi, 147, 275, 705member of Five Nations, in, 184missionary work among, vi, 734,735, 737name, derivation and meaning of,iv, 340, 383-384 ; v, 155, 594number on reservations, n, 539, 540,541of warriors, vi, 261, 270one of the Six Nations, iv, 616Onondaga, census of, i, 441-457population, i, 441; m, 5S3, 590; iv,603, 604 ; v, 668 ; vi, 275, 688, 694,705, 706, 707, 714reservation described, n, 541speech to, by Sir William Johnson,vi, 229
Onondagas?Continuedstory of origin of council-fire, in,314-317treaty with, vi, 324, 334village of, iv, 334warriors, iv, 605estimate of, in, 561number of, vi, 261See also Onantagues ; Onontago.Onondagoes. See Onondagas.Onontagers. See Onondagas.Onontago (village), Conrad Wiser at,iv, 338council-place of Six Nations, iv, 325Onosiota, name of the Alleghany chain,vi, 149Ontagamies. See Outagamies.Ontario, derivation and meaning ofname, in, 328 ; iv, 382Ontdwawies, iv, 269, 271See also Ottawas.Ontonagons, dances, in, 488-491dances illustrated, in, 489Ontouagannha, a name for Mascoutins,rv, 244Onundawaga, a synonym for Seneca, iv,199Oohenonpa. See Kettle Band.Oojaugenta, Chief, land granted to, vi,324Ooktau-hau-zau-see, derivation of name,iv, 3S0Ootlashoot, location, in, 570population, in, 570Opanangoes, alliance with Menomonie,1,304See also Abnaki.Opechan, vi, 85.Opechanganough, vi, 115, 1S2, 248, 647massacre headed by, vi, 98-99, 185,744Opegoi. See Oppegach band ; Oppe-yoh.Opelousa. See Apalousa.Openango language, vocabulary, v, 690See also Abnaki language.Opilth Mico, a Tallassie chief, v, 263opposition to M'Gillivray, v, 281Opothlahola, Chief, in, 90Oppegach band, members of Peh-tsikdivision, m, 148Oppe-yoh, a Quoratem band, in, 151Opquire, population, i, 519
158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Oquagos, location, v, 668population, v, 668See also Aughquagas.Oracle, Turtle, belief in, in, 367Oraibi. See Oraivaz ; Oriva.Oraivaz, location, iv, 87Oratory, Indian, in, 56, 191-192, 197-198 ; iv, 257, 627 ; v, 247, 518effects, vi, 678style, vi, 661See also Speeches.Ordeals, for warriors, v, 59-60Oregon, antiquities, lack of, v, 662, 663Bonacks in, vi, 35character of land, v, 656derivation of name, v, 123, 708-709first appearance of name, i, 138-139Indian lands, iv, 183population and area, iv, 610route to, i, 223-226posts proposed, i, 225tribes encountered, i, 224See also Oregon Indians ; Oregontribes ; Oregonians.Oregon coast, antiquities, vi, 612-613Oregon Indians, customs, v, 651-657embalming by, v, 693handicrafts, in, 468mental endowments, rv, 49ornaments, illustrated, ni, pi. 14population, i, 436, 437, 523 ; in, 632 ;v, 484 ; vi, 688, 700Oregon Mission, work of, vi, 735Oregon trail. See Oregon, route to.Oregon tribes, I, 192, 198, 521 ; vi, 700-701, 702, 705country described, in, 203-205food, v, 80 ; vi, 625list of, v, 492-493map showing location of, in, 200missionary work among, vi, 738reply to inquiries concerning, in,200-225statistics, v, 492-493, 700-701See also Oregonians.Oregon and Washington Territories,area and population, v, 501Oregonians, brain cavity, n, 333cranial capacity, v, 244 ; vi, 574measurements, n, 335map showing location of, n, 28Orientation, in burials, n, 69lacking in Dacotah burials, iv, 65
Origin of Indians, I, 14, 16-18, 343-344
;
n, 136 ; in, 59-62, 476-4777^57-60, S6-87; vi, 56S-569antiquity of, i, 14, 16-17; v, 51,61-62chronological facts bearing on, v, 88customs in relation to, v, 57-70indicated by beliefs, v, 86-87by language, v, 82by manners and customs, i,40 ; v, 80, 81-82by sun worship, v, 69Oriental, evidence of, i, 15, 26Shemitic, probability of, i, 15, 26,40suggestion concerning, ni, 201theory concerning, i, 217See also Hebrew origin of Indians;Jewish customs ; Origin tradi-tions.See also under tribal names.Origin of man, various stories, v, 409Origin traditions (myths) , Ah-mau-dah-kas (Anadarko), v, 682Alabama, i, 266Algonquin, v, 409Apache, vi, 568Athabasca group, i, 61Aztec, i, 19-20Caddo, v, 682California Indians, v, 217Chepewyan, i, 19Cherokee, iv, 136Chickasaw, iv, 136Chippewa, v, 148-149Chippewyans, v, 173Comanche, v, 683Delaware, v, 683Grand Traverse Chippewa, v, 192indicating Toltec migration, iv,147-148Ionies, v, 682Iroquois, I, 316-317 ; v, 147, 155-163,409Kahokia, iv, 135-136Kaskaskia, iv, 135-136Kickapoo, iv, 255Lenno Lenapee, iv, 147Mandan, in, 247-248Moqui, rv, 86Muscogee, i, 266 ; iv, 148Nahuatlac, v, 96Navajo, rv, 89, 218-220 ; vi, 568
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 159Origin traditions?ContinuedOjibwa, v, 192-193Oneida, vi, 670Osage, i, 319-320; v, 147Ottawa, vi, 202Peoria, iv, 135-136Piankashaw, iv, 135-136point of similarity in, v, 203Po-to-yan-te, iv, 224-225Pottawatomie, i, 320Seneca, in, 322-323Shawano, i, 19Shawnee, iv, 147, 255Six Nations, v, 632-633Toukaways (Tonkawa), v, 683Winnebago, iv, 227, 228-231See also Migration legends.Orinoco, meaning of name, in, 502Orinoco Indians, color, vi, 573Oriskany, ambuscade and battle, vi,287-289question concerning battle, iv, 346Orlva, population, i, 519Oriwahennic, Chief, tradition relatedby, v, 75Ormusd, the principle of good, i, 32Ornamentation, clothing, n, 515graves, in 175leggins, in, 66-67loincloth, in, 68moccasins, in, 65, 66pottery, in, 79-81sheaths and cases, n, 515See also Costumes; Headdress;Painting.Ornaments, bracelets, i, 92, 93copper, i, 67, 93Dacotahs, iv, 69from Lake Huron ossuary, illus-trated, i, 102-105gold, iv, 450nose, ii, 111 ; in, 69, 141-142personal, illustrated, in, 69silver, i, 93used as charms, i, 86variety, in, 220Winnebagoes, iv, 54, 58worn in battle, iv, 54See also Ornamentation.Orondocks and others, dwellinggrounds, vr, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714
Orondocks and others?Continuedpopulation, vr, 714See also Adirondacks.Orphans, care of, n, 194 ; iv, 56, 67Orr, Hon. James L., speech on bill re-lating to Indians, v, 451?459Orr, Mr., amendments to bill introducedby, v, 459Ortega, Don Jose Maria Martin, n, 101Ortez, John (Juan), captivity, vr, 60death, vi, 77interpreter for De Soto, n, 34;in, 37Ortiz. See Ortez.Oruk, name for Bald Hill Indians(q. v.), in, 139Orunges, territory occupied, m, 554warriors, number, in, 554See also Mahicans.Osage Agency, population, vi, 693Osage language, brief vocabulary, iv,275publication in, iv, 550Osage Manual-Labor School, report on,iv, 594-595Osage Valley, discovery of prehistoricbones, i, 173Osages, vi, 423, 522affiliations, iv, 550appropriation for, n, 564bands, in, 594called Bone Indians, iv, 304census, vr, 712ceremony described, rv, 274-275characteristics, iv, 305classification, in, 402condition, after removal, vi, 480general, iv, 473 ; vi, 540-541report on, iv, 592-595country occupied, in, 559, 577, 585,594 ; iv, 274, 461 ; v, 495 ; vr, 410,414, 705cranial measurements, n, 335Dacota group, n, 37depredations committed upon, rv,593De Soto in territory of, n, 35divisions, iv, 305encampment, arrangement of, iv,304farming operations, vi, 712food, reference to, i, 41French relations, vr, 237
160 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Osages?Continuedfunds required, it, 571government, vi, 541hostility to settlers, iv, 298-299, 300indigenous to Kansas, v, 495 ; vi,536intrusion on territory, iv, 485investments for, n, 563lands, iv, 572claimed, in, 585conveyed by, v, 451linguistic affinities, i, 248lodges described, iv, 304map showing colony of, iv, 180maps showing location, in, 96 ; vi,519missionary work among, v, 699 ; vi,738mortality among, iv, 592-593, 595mourning customs, v, 685name of, native, vi, 688origin of, iv, 304, 592 ; vi, 206origin myth, i, 319-320 ; v, 147Pawnees attacked, iv, 593population, in, 585, 594, 600 ; iv,572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 414, 540, 688, 705Siouan stock, i, 197statistics, fiscal, vi, 720, 721, 722, 723on land, n, 605vital, iv, 595treaty made, vi, 380, 461victory over, by Iowas, in, 264warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559war with Chickasaws, i, 311See also Great and Little Osage;Wasbashas.Osagwatha, vi, 98Osawkees, a name for the Sacs (q. v.),v, 41Osborne, W., report on Iroquois popu-lation, iv, 603Osceola, vr, 647activities in Seminole War, vi, 470,471Oscooche, a Creek band, in, 511O-se-lar-ne-by, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Oshah-wah-noes, reference to name, v,192Oshah-wa-nbg, reference to name, v,192Oshawano, a synonym of Shawnee, v, 41
Oshcabawiss, Chief, delegation headed,i, 415, 417Oshkinawens, a noted Pillager, v, 189Oskemanitigous, totem, in, 556warriors, number, in, 556O sooch e micco, of Tuck-a-batch-chaTown, iv, 575Osse-gon, name for Indians of GoldBluff, in, 133Ossipees, derivation of name, v, 222members of Pennacook Confed-eracy, v, 222Ossuaries, vi, 618age of, i, 103ancient Algonquin, i, 102at Beverly, in Canada, West, iv,561attributed to Assigunaigs, I, 307attributed to Mushkodains, i, 307conclusions drawn from, i, 104description, i, 102-105origin, i, 102pipes found in, i, 75place in sequence of burial customs,i, 102Pueblos, iv, 78Upper Lakes, i, 6S-69See also Charnel houses ; Tomb.Osteninky (village), iv, 334, 340, 341Osteology, antique, monster period, i,173-1750.s^Yegatches (Oswegachys), dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714warriors, number, vi, 270See also Swegachi.Oswego, etymology of name, v, 594tribes dwelling at, vi, 714O-switch-ee, a Lower Creek town, rv,578, 580O-switch-ee e-marth-lar, chief at Os-witchee, rv, 580Oteetoocheenas, a Creek town, v, 262Otliomi Indians, population, in, 517-518Oto (Otoe) language, publication in, iv,550Otoes, v, 450affiliations, iv, 550attacked by Sioux, v, 650-651census, i, 498-507claim concerning origin, rv, 227cranial measurements, n, 335
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 161Otoes?Continueddescendants of Winnebagoes, in,278funds required, n, 570headdress illustrated, in, 68horses sacrificed, v, 78in the Dacota group, n, 37indigenous to Kansas, vi, 536lands surrendered, v, 494 ; vi, 456location, i, 498 ; iv, 461 ; v, 494map, showing colony, iv, ISOshowing location, in, 96 ; vi, 519missionary work among, v, 698 ; vi,739population, i, 523 ; v, 494 ; vi, 688reference to territory, iv, 4S6shape of skulls, n, 317Siouan stock, i, 197See also Ottoes.Otoes and Omahas, attendance at mis-sions, v, 698Otomie, cranial measurements, n, 335O-ton-kah, Sioux name for Winneba-goes, iv, 227Otsego, derivation of name, iv, 384Otsiningo (village), on site of Bing-hampton, N. T., vi, 132Ottagamies. See Outagamies.Ottawa (Ottowa) language, an Algon-quin dialect, n, 341list of works in, iv, 538-539Ottawany, Chief, vi, 255Ottawas (Ottowas), in, 277, 278, 554;vi, 237, 375, 481annuities paid to, n, 586, 588; iv,188 ; vi, 723appropriation for, n, 564armistice granted to, vi, 364at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217, 218at treaty with Bradstreet, vi, 255attitude in Revolutionary War, vi,278average size, iv, 349canoe illustrated, v, 95census, i, 478-487 ; ni, 621-628classification, in, 96, 401condition, general, iv, 467, 468report on, vi, 547council attended, vi, 393cranial measurements, n, 335crops raised, v, 708dialect, distinct, n, 358divisions, i, 478 ; in, 554
Ottawas?Continueddwelling grounds, vi, 714funds required, n, 570-571Grand River Valley, census of, i,478-487hunting grounds, vi, 714industry, v, 708investments for, n, 561, 562, 563islands occupied, vi, 202lands ceded by, n, 602, 603, 604 ; iv,188 ; vi, 393-395, 458, 464, 505claimed, in, 583, 584permanently granted to, v, 457purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600, 601statistics on, n, 605, 606surveyed for, iv, 572language, reference to, in, 96L'Arbre Croche, census of, i, 478-487league with other tribes, vi, 485led by Pontiac, n, 242location, i, 306, 478; in, 541, 559,583, 584, 591 ; iv, 187, 461 ; v, 495
;
vi, 33, 202, 275, 385, 705, 714maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180vi, 519Mauruee, condition of, vi, 517migrations, i, 59 ; n, 139 ; vi, 488, 734mission church, v, 698missionary work among, vi, 735,738, 739origin tradition, vi, 202Osage, census of, i, 478-487other names for, i, 306 ; v, 41 ; vi,202part taken in siege of Detroit, n,242, 243, 248, 249, 255, 273, 279,281, 284, 296, 298, 300, 301, 307payments made to, vi, 721, 723peace sought, vi, 343picture writing, i, 338Pontiac joined by, vi, 243population, i, 478, 523 ; in, 581, 583,584, 591, 609, 610 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495,708; vi, 271, 272, 275, 688, 693,705, 714, 721removal, v, 495; vi, 505-506, 516resemblance to Chippewas, iv, 187;vi, 464separation from Ojibwas, n, 139statistics, fiscal, vi, 721, 722, 723superiority in navigation, v, 395
162 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ottawas?Continuedtotems, in, 554treaties, v, 499; vi, 327, 330, 334,380, 421ceding lands, vi, 458warriors, estimate of, m, 559number of, in, 554; vi, 271,275See also Atawas; Odawas; Ont-dwawies; Ottawas and Chippe-was ; Tawas ; Utawawas.Ottawas and Chippewas (Chepawas),attendance at missions, v, 698bands, list of, in, 615-616chiefs, names of, in, 615-616dwelling grounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714missions, attendance at, v, 698population, m, 610; vi, 692, 714statistics, in, 615-616 ; vi, 720, 722.723trading posts, in, 599-600Ot-teh-petl, a band of Bald Hill Indians,in, 139Otter-Tail Lake, Indians, v, 185Ottigamie. See Outagamies.Ottinger, Capt, at Humboldt Bay, m,131Ottisse, an Upper Creek town, rv, 578Ottoes, classification, ni, 402condition of, iv, 466 ; vi, 544-546country occupied, in, 593lands of, iv, 573ceded, n, 603claimed, vi, 546purchased from, n, 600statistics on, n, 605population, in, 593 ; iv, 573 ; vi, 693See also Otoes.Ottoes and Missourias, country occu-pied, vi, 705population, in, 609; vi, 705, 706treaty, v, 497Ottowa Colony Band, census of, i, 478-487Ottowa language. See Ottawa lan-guage.Ottowas. See Ottawas.Ouachtenons, country occupied, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 555, 559See also WeasOuade, vi, 74
Ouali, totem, in, 556warriors, number of, in, 556Ouanakina, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559Ouaroronon, mention of town, rv, 205Oubenakis, a synonym of Abnakis(q. v.), in, 553Oufotu, an Arkansas village, ni, 537Ougatanous, totems, in, 555warriors, number of, m, 555See also Weas.Ouiatanos, estimate of warriors, in, 554See also Weas.Ouiattonon, Miami town, attack on, vi,335Ouillequegaws, map showing location,in, 96See also Quilleoueoquas.Ouisconsins, country occupied, in, 559warriors, estimate of, ni, 559number of, in, 554Ouitimaus, estimate of warriors, ni, 555See also Wea.Oukinagans (Oukinegans), population,I, 521 ; vi, 702See also Okinagans.Ounepigous, ni, 556totem, in, 556warriors, number of, ni, 556See also Winnebago.Ounikanes, totem, m, 554See also Amikwa.Ounontisaston, a town of the NeutralNation, iv, 205Outagamies (Ontagamies, Ottagamies,Ottigamie, Outagamis), brief his-tory, vi, 193-194cranial capacity, v, 244cranial measurements, n, 335driven from Pillager territory, v,184language, vi, 193name for Fox Indians, iv, 245 ; v,524-525; vi, 271warriors, estimate of, in, 555See also Foxes; Outtagomies andothers.Outagamis. See Outagamies.Outeonas, totems, in, 554warriors, number of, in, 554Outina, vi, 74
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 163Outtagoinies and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714Outtamacks and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714population, vi, 714Ovando, in, 23Owaha, country occupied, in, 594population, ni, 594See also Omahas.Owassa, revenge of, n, 294Owasson, Chief, at Pontiac's camp, n,278-279, 281Owayneo, a benevolent spirit, iv, 637Owen, David Dale, reference to work,i, 52Owen, Mr., reports made by, iv, 189Owen, R. D., ii, 176Owens, Col., death of, vi, 355Owenungas, Iroquois name for Abena-kis, (q. v.), in, 513Owiligascho, name of Peter Spelman,vi, 132Owis-gera, iv, 325Oyateshicha. See Good Road band.Ozark Mountains, crossed by De Soto,vi, 67Ozark region, description, iv, 2S0-286,309De Soto in, in, 48, 50Ozawikinebik, a Pillager chief, v, 189Ozawundib, Chief, i, 145, 146Ozimies, location, vi, 131Ozinies. See Ozimies.
Pabaksa. See Pah-bax-ahs.Pablo, Yuma chief, meeting with, n, 112Pachacamac cemetery, skulls discussed,ii, 329Pacific coast tribes, census of, v, 487-489changes in customs, vi, 623-624divisions, I, 436-437list, v, 487-489Paconekick, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Pacquette, Pierre, assassination, in,281Padducas. See Padoucah.
Padoucah (Padducas, Padoucas), coun-try occupied, in, 559, 596population, in, 596, 609tribes, in, 596warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559See also Comanches.Padoucas. See Padoucah.Paegans (Pagans), vr, 686classification, in, 402See also Piegan.Page, James, in, 383Pa-ha-sca's band, reference to, vi, 540Pahatsi. See Grandes Eaux ; GreatOsages.Pa-ha-yu-ca, a Comanche chief, n, 128Pah-a-yu-ka's band, number of, in, 635Pah-bax-ahs, a Yankton band, n, 169territory occupied, n, 169Pah-lo-cho-ko-lo, a Lower Creek town,iv, 578Pahmetes, a division of the Utahs, vi,697See also Pah-Utahs ; Payoches.Pa-hu-chas, Iowa name for themselves,ni, 262Pah-Utahs, map showing location, in,96See also Pahmetes ; Payoches.Pahvant. See Parant Utahs.Pailsh tribe, location, ni, 571population, in, 571Paine, Brinton, v, 668Paine, James M., report on Cherokeeschools, iv, 588Paint bags, illustrations, in, 65Paint Creek, mention of earthworks, vi,597Paint Town, census of, i, 508-517Painted Post, description, v, 670treaty of, v, 668Painting, face and body, n, 113, 114;iv, 53, 63, 79, 649 ; v, 211Paintings, ancient Mexican, value, iv,453-454Paiute. See Pahmetes; Pah-Utahs;Payoches.Palace of Montezuma. See CasaGrande.Palachuola, a lower Creek town, v, 262Palaiks, classification, in, 402map showing locations, in, 96Palenque monuments, conclusionsdrawn from, iv, 114
164 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Palenque ruins, discussion of period of,v, 106Palladia or Oneota stone, reference to,i, 109Palladium of the Oneidas, i, 176Palmer, Mr., report on the Umpquas,vi, 624Palmer's Island, erection of fort, vi,143Paloos (Palooses), map showing loca-tion, in, 200population, in, 632 ; vi, 701See also Palvas ; Pelloatpallah
;
Pelouse.Paluxies, synonym of Bolixes (q. v.),v, 702Palvas, population, i, 521See also Paloos.Pamlico. See Pamticos; Pemblicos.Pamlico language. See Pampticoughlanguage.Pamlico Sound, Indians of, vi, 31Pampticough language, an Algonquindialect, in, 406short list of words, v, 38vocabulary, v, 555-556, 556-557Pamticos (Pamticoes), classification,in, 401 ; v, 38southern limit of Algonquins, v, 42See also Pemblicos.Pamunkies, brief account of, v, 36Pamunky River, Indians on, v, 36Panaoumski village, mention of, in, 553Pancoast, Prof., in, 382Pandouca stock, tribes, in, 596See also Comanches.Pani (Panies), in, 557a name for the Pawnee, in, 50Pani-Mahaws, in, 399Paui, Towuicks, listed as a linguisticfamily, in, 402Panis Blancs, country occupied, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559See also Pawnees.Panis Piques, country occupied, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559See also Pawnee Piques.Pan-nacks, a synonym of Bonnacks(q. v.), in, 200Panton Leslie & Co., v, 275Papanhank, address by, v, 138Papinachaux, totem, in, 556warriors, number of, in, 556
Papisseconewa. See Passaconnaway.Papukewis, power of, i, 82Paracelsus, reference to, iv, 511Paradise, Indian conception of, v, 403Paralysis, belief concerning, i, 255ignorance regarding, iv, 515Parant Utahs, a division of the Utahs,vi, 697population, vi, 697Par-hose-e-marth-lar, chief at Sowoc-colo, iv, 580Par-kee-na-um, a Comanche division, n,128meaning of name, ii, 128Parker, Win. B., Texas Indians de-scribed by, v, 682-685Park Hill, Presbyterian station at, iv,589Parry, C. C, vocabulary collected by, in,460Parry, Dr., n, 102, 109Parsons, Benjamin, Creek census takenby, iv, 575Parted Teeth. See Katawabata.Par-too-ku, Osage name for Comanches,ii, 126Parturition. See Childbirth.Parus River tribes, skulls preserved by,iv, 489-490Pascagoula, country occupied, in, 596location, in, 585population, in, 585, 596Pascagoula River, Indians on, vi, 32Pas coaf emathlar, of Hemawhie Town,iv, 576Pasharanack, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Pasqual, a minor Cuchan chief, ii, 112Passaconnaway, v, 222account of, v, 227-237brief description of, vi, 174character of, v, 237children, v, 236-237death of, v, 237farewell speech, v, 234-235great age of, v, 229name, meaning of, v, 227petition to legislature, v, 235-236sagamore, leading Pennacook, v,223, 228New England, v, 218tribute paid to, v, 228
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 165Passamaquoddies, country occupied, v,219land claimed, in, 5S3location, in, 583missionary work among, vi, 737population, i, 524 ; in, 583 ; vi, 688Passamaquoddy language, vocabulary,v, 689-690Passataquak, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Passemonte, Michael, iv, 451Pastoral stage, importance, n, 519-521Patagonians, stature of, n, 318Patent Office, U. S., museum specimensin, iv, 660Pathology, Indian knowledge of, iv, 507-508Paticas (Patticas), absorbed by Creeks,vi, 370era of, v, 133foes of Creeks, v, 98Patofa, war-chief, De Soto joined by,in, 40Patriarchal system, in various tribes,in, 62Indian attitude toward, v, 43-44Pattawatimas. See Potawatomies.Patterson, Mr., of Union, in, 145superintendent of Indian school, iv,592Patticas. See Paticas.Patuxent River, Indians on, vi, 134, 138Patuxents, missionary work among, vi,734, 735Pauguk, a mythological character, v,149, 409Pauhuntanuck, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Paunaques, a synonym for Bonacks(q. v.), I, 206Paunch (Ponch) Indians, identified asMinnetarees, in, 251story of origin, in, 251See also Allakaweah.Pauskooziegun, an Ottowa chief, vi, 386Pauteauamis, remarks, in, 556.totems, m, 556warriors, m, 556See also Potawatomies.Paviotso. See Pi-Utahs.Pawactas, a Creek town, v, 262Pawateeg, Chippewa name for SaultSte. Marie, iv, 557
Pawcatuck River, Indians on, vi, 110Pawkees, in, 252territory occupied, m, 252See also Siksika.Pawmet, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Pawnee Loups, a Pawnee band, in, 595location, in, 595Pawnee Piques, a Pawnee band, loca-tion, in, 595population, in, 595See also Panis Piques.Pawnee Republicans, a Pawnee band,location, in, 595Pawnees, iv, 450attacks on, iv, 466, 593condition after removal, vi, 547country occupied, in, 595 ; iv, 4S6 ;v, 495 ; vi, 688, 705cranial measurements, n, 335Dacota group, n, 37four great bands, in, 595funds required, n, 572human sacrifice among, iv, 50 ; v,77-78; vi, 495identical with Quipana, iv, 310indigenous to Kansas, v, 495; vi,536intermarriage with Comanches, n,126lands, iv, 573ceded by, n, 603; vi, 459granted to permanently, v, 457purchased from, n, 600statistics on, n, 606listed as a linguistic family, in, 402maps showing location of, in, 96;iv, 180; vi, 519missionary work among, vi, 738other names for, in, 529 ; vi, 495population, i, 523; in, 479-480, 595,609 ; iv, 573 ; v, 495 ; vi, 688, 693,705range of war parties, i, 159reputed builders of earthworks, in,274use of arrow, i, 77visited by De Soto, m, 50See also Pani ; Panis Blancs ; Qui-pana.Paw-sed-ech-kaw's Band, census of, i,498-507Pawtucket Falls, Pennacooks at, v, 230
166 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Pawtucket(s), vi, 108affiliations, vi, 150name for the Wamesit, v, 221origin and application, v, 221See also Wamesits.Paxinosa, Shawnees represented by, atcouncil, vi, 132Payne's Landing, treaty of, vi, 471-472Payoches, brief account of, iv, 82-83See also Pahmetes; Pah-Utahs.Pea Creek band, attitude in SeminoleWar, vi, 469Peabody, Samuel, settlers led by, v, 675Peace, symbolic house of, iv, 199Peace dance, description, in, 173Peace pipe, description, n, 512; m, 306illustration, n, 512 ; in, 306use, in, 268See also Calumet.Peace towns, purpose of, in, 531Peag. See Wampum.Peanquichas, in, 555country occupied, in, 559totems, in, 555warriors, number of, in, 555, 559See also Piankashaws.Peatan, Chief, mention of, n, 260Pecaneaux, a tribe of the Blackfeetgroup, v, 179See also Piegans.Pecas, ruins described, iv, 40See also Pecos.Peck, Rev. J. M., cited, iv, 129Peck, S., missionary report by, v, 69SPecos, v, 107abandonment of, v, 689attacks by Comanches, iv, 35identified as Cicuye, iv, 32, 35, 39language, v, 689situation, iv, 36sketch of, iv, 29See also Pecas.Pecos Valley, ancient habitations in, v,112Pec-quan, a Klamath River tribe andvillage, m, 138, 634Pedadumies, relations with Michigam-ies, v, 196See also Potawatomies.Pedees, reference to, n, 344Pedoriva, Don Miguel de, n, 101
Peekd-gamah Falls, description, in, 365meaning of name, in, 365Peh-tsik, application of name, in, 138,151, 422Peigans. See Piegans.Peirria, Albert de, colony under com-mand of, vi, 73, 74Pejodque Pueblo, population, vi, 688See also Pojoaque.Pekwan. See Pec-quan.Pelloatpallah band, location, in, 570population, in, 570See also Paloos.Pelouse population, v, 490, 705, 706, 707
;
vi, 700position of, v, 490See also Paloos.Pembina, buffalo hunting on plains of,iv, 94-110missionary station at, v, 699Pemblicos, smallpox among, vr, 181See also Pamticos.Pemegewasset River, meaning of name,v, 226salmon in, v, 226Pemican, process of making, iv, 107
;
v, 175Pemmaquid, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Pemmican. See Pemican.Penasco, Count, mention of collection,vi, 578Penateka. See Ho-is.Pend d'Oreilles (Pond Orrilles), v, 490enemies of the Blackfeet, v, 181population, in, 632; v, 490, 706position of, v, 490punishment among, v, 654See also Kalispel ; Pend d'Oreilles,Lower ; Pend d'Oreilles, Upper.Pend d'Oreilles (Pond Orrilles), Lower,maps showing location, in, 96,200population, in, 632 ; v, 705, 707 ; vi,700Pend d'Oreilles (Pond Orrilles) Upper,maps showing location, in, 96,200population, in, 632; v, 705, 707; vi,700Penishon, Mendewakanton village at, n,97
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 167Perm, Thomas, policy of, iv, 617proprietor of Pennsylvania, iv, 339purchase of Indian lands, iv, 324Penn, William, in, 197doctrine taught, v, 138founding of Philadelphia, vi, 185Indian name of, iv, 256relations with the Indians, vi, 178Pennacook bashabary, composition, vi,173extent, vi, 115Pennacook village, Indian fort at, v,230Pennacooks, in, 513 ; vi, 156allies of Pokanokets, vi, 114application of name, v, 223arts, state of, iv, 175country occupied, v, 217, 222, 230
;
vi, 115, 125derivation of name, v, 222driven out by English, vi, 174history, general, v, 217-237implements illustrated, iv, 175in valley of Connecticut River, v,226population, v, 230possible origin, v, 229standing among other tribes, v, 222tribes controlled, v, 222-223villages, v, 230Pennobscot, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218See also Penobscots.Penn's Cove Indians, population, v, 705Pennsylvania, population and area, iv,610Penobscots, a division of the Abenakis,in, 512land claimed, in, 583location, in, 583missionary work among, vi, 737population, i, 524 ; in, 512, 583 ; vi,688Penointik-ara (Penoi-in-tickara, Penoi-tikara), classified as Comanche,vi, 688meaning of name, i, 260population, i, 522Pensacola, battle of, vi, 376, 403Pentland, Mr., opinion on Aymaras, n,328opinion on Peruvian skulls, n, 326
Peonies, country occupied, in, 592population, in, 592See also Peorias.People of the Lakes, language spoken,in, 562leading men, in, 568population, in, 562synonyms, in, 562trade, in, 564trading post, in, 566tribal relations, in, 566villages, number, ni, 562warriors, number, in, 562See also Medawakanton.People of the Leaves, language spoken,nr, 563leading men, in, 569population, in, 563synonyms of, in, 563trade, in, 565trading post, in, 567tribal relations, nn, 567warriors, number, in, 563See also Wahpeton.People of the Leaves, detached, in, 563language spoken, in, 563leading men, in, 569population, in, 563synonyms for, in, 563trade, m, 565trading post, in, 567tribal relations, in, 567See also Wahpekute.Peores. See Peorias.Peoria, trading post, vi, 269Peoria language, an Algonquin dialect,ii, 341Peorias (Peores), vi, 481also called Illinese, v, 41annuities, n, 5S8census, in, 621-628classification, v, 145condition of, general, iv, 467, 468creation myth, iv, 135-136descendants of Illinese, i, 59; v,192descendants of mound-builders, iv,135friendly to the French, vi, 237
168 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Peorias?Continuedlands, iv, 572ceded, n, 603disposal of, 496granted to, permanently, v, 457purchased from, n, 595, 59S,600statistics on, n, 605, 606location, iv, 461map showing, vi, 519march against, vi, 360missionary work among, vi, 734,735, 739name, origin of, iv, 380population, i, 523; iv, 572; vi, 688removal, vi, 516, 536agreed to, vi, 445totems, in, 555treaty with, v, 496-497, 499warriors, estimate of, in, 555See also Peonies ; Peorias andKaskaskias ; Pianria ; Piantias.Peorias and Kaskaskias, census of, i,488-497location, i, 488 ; v, 495map showing colony, iv, 180origin, v, 495population, in, 609, 610; v, 495; vi,693removal, v, 495See also Peorias and others.Peorias (Piorias) and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714fiscal statistics, vi, 721, 723hunting grounds, vj, 714location, vi, 705population, vi, 705, 714See also Peorias and Kaskaskias.Pepht-soh, a Trinity River village, in,139Pepikokia. See Pettikokias.Pequaquaukes, derivation of name, v,222members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 222Pequatoas, a name for the Pequots(q. v.) vi, 116Pequawket. See Pequaquaukes.Pequot-Algonquins, tribal circle, vi, 173Pequot River, Indians on, vi, 110now the Thames, vi, 117, 126
Pequot War, account, vi, 110-112history, vi, 116-124reference to, vi, 173Pequots, also called Brothertons, v, 41
;
vi, 113, 114, 125derivation and meaning of name,v, 38 ; vi, 116end as a tribe, vi, 123extent of territory, vi, 110history, vi, 116-120language, vi, 111massacred by English, vi, 119population, vi, 117reference to, vi, 115territory held, v, 218; vi, 116
"erforated stones, discussion, i, 170Perkins, reference to metallic tractorsof, iv, 511Perley, G. H., history of New Bruns-wick Indians, v, 674-680Perley, Israel, settlers led by, v, 675Perrault, John Baptiste, brief biogra-phy, in, 352writings of, translated by School-craft, in, 353-369Perrie, Mr., mention of, in, 383Perry, effect of victory, vi, 363Perry, Dr., mention of, n, 10SPerryman, Ellen, measurements of hair,in, 384Persbe-go, at Shoshone peace council,iv, 596Persian tablet, illustration, i, 423Peru, antiquities, v, 657cause of rebellion, in, 23civilization, v, 29foreign dynastic element, iv, 123references to early government, m,181, 182, 183weaving, v, 106Peruvian antiquities, described by Ul-loa, v, 90-92Peruvians, art as prototype for north-ern tribes, v, 391burial customs, v, 81comparative civilization, v, 291cranial capacity, vi, 574-575customs, reference to, v, 394development, v, 392discussion of Peruvian race, v, 94distinct from other aborigines, v,290-291
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 169Peruvians?Continuedhead deformation discussed, n,326-328size of brain, n, 329, 330worship, reference to, v, 69Peshkewah, biography, v, 527-530Pestilence, among New England coasttribes, v, 219Pestles, stone, described, i, 80illustrated, i, 84 ; iv, 175See also Mortar and pestle.Peter, Jafer, witness at signing oftreaty, vi, 144Peters, Dr. Absalom, iv, 119Petersen, Rev. Edward, iv, 121Petition to the President, pictographsused, i, 414-^20Petroglyphs, where found, i, 334See also Inscriptions ; SculpturedRock.Petroleum, cures effected by, i, 16lChickasaw lands, i, 161Seneca Reservation, i, 161Petti-coat, a Shoshoni chief, v, 199Pettikokias, in, 555totems, in, 555warriors, number, in, 555Pettiquanscott, destruction of, vr, 162Petun or Tobacco Indians, slaughter of,iv, 203totems, iv, 204See also Tionontates.Pezhikee, Chief, vi, 385Phallic worship, supposed indicationsof, iv, 140Pheasant, a Blackfeet leader, v, 180Phelps, S. L., iv, 43SPhelps and Gorham, complaint against,v, 667land purchased by, v, 667Philadelphia, founding of, vi, 185on site of Delaware village, iv, 280Philip, King. See King Philip.Philip of Pokanoket. See King Philip.Phillips, John, iv, 351Phillips, J. S., paper on cranial meas-urements, ii, 331Phillips, Mr. (artist), portrait of Black-snake, v, 673Phillips, Mr. (craniologist), skullsexamined, v, 287Philology, discussion of, iv, 666-667Phlegmon, Indian remedy for, iv, 514
Phoenician element, suggestion in In-dian culture, v, 86Phoenician inscription, compared withthat from Grave Creek mound,vi, 611Phoenicians, in Africa, v, 88Phonetic key to vocabularies, iv, 432Physical characteristics, i, 40-41; n,316-335; in, 373-393affected by food, n, 32 ; v, 656Algonquin, compared with Mexican,v, 107conclusions drawn from, iv, 351,354-355Creeks, v, 274described by Morton, n, 38, 315Iroquois, compared with Mexican,v, 107Mandans, in, 250Oregon and California Indians, in,223, 224origin theory based on, i, 40permanency, i, 15, 41similarity among tribes, n, 316,323 ; v, 31-32, 56See also Physical types.Physical geography, Indian country, in,91-177; iv, 179-194Southern California, n, 100-118Physical strength, Indian, comparedwith white man's, in, 246Physical traits. See Physical charac-teristics.Physical types, Apache, v, 211endurance of, n, 45Indian race, iv, 354-365 ; v, 287-292Physician, Indian, explanation of work,v, 445-446See also Medicine man.Pia, given as synonym of Silla, iv, 39Piankashaw (Piankeshaw) language,a dialect of the Miami, in, 399an Algonquin dialect (Piankasha),ii, 341Piankashaws (Piankeshaws, Pianki-shaws), in, 561 ; vi, 329, 481a division of the Miami, in, 404allies of Miamies, vi, 330also called Illinese, v, 41annuities, n, 581, 5S9census, i, 488-497 ; in, 621-628classification, in, 401 ; v, 145
170 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Piankashaws?Continuedcondition, general, iv, 467, 468report on, vi, 547creation myth, iv, 135-136defeat by Gen. Wayne, vi, 217descendants of Mound-builders, iv,135friendly to the French, vi, 237funds required for, n, 572in Pontiac's conspiracy, vi, 243included in Algonquin group, n, 36lands, iv, 572ceded by, n, 602, 603disposal of, v, 496purchased from, n, 593, 598,600location, I, 488; in, 585, 592; iv,461 ; vi, 705maps showing, in, 96 ; vi, 519missionary work among, vi, 740peace sought by, vi, 343population, i, 523 ; in, 585, 592, 610
;
iv, 572 ; vi, 272, 275, 688, 693removal, vi, 516, 536agreed to, vr, 445plans for, in, 576, 577statistics on land, n, 605, 606treaty, v, 499statement of, v, 497synopsis of, v, 496warriors, number, in, 554, 561 ; vi,271See also Peanquichas; Pianka-shaws and others ; Piankashawsand Weas ; Pyankeshaws.Piankashaws and others, fiscal statis-tics, vi, 721, 723location, vi, 705population, vi, 705population (1812), v, 708Piankashaws and Weas, location, v,495 ; vi, 275map showing colony, iv, 180of Miami stock, v, 495population, v, 495 ; vr, 275removal, v, 495Piankeshaws, Piankishaws. See Pian-kashaws.Pianria, country occupied, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 559See also Peorias.Piantias, warriors, estimate of, in, 555See also Peorias.
Picallipannish, population, i, 521Picanipalish, included in Qualliamish,vi, 688Picaris, vi, 688population, in, 633; vi, 709See also Picuris.Pickens, Andrew, treaty concluded by,vi, 327Pickens, Gen., attack on Cherokees, vi,315Pickering, Col., treaties conducted, v,667, 668Pickering, Dr., cited on Californiatribes, v, 216Pickering, John, n, 349Pickering, Timothy, commissioner atCanadaigua council, vi, 326Pictographs, Alleghany River, rv, 172-173as a means of communication, I,333 ; vi, 387, 389-390as a revelation of thought, i, 340
;
v, 64as an aid to memory, i, 339, 404-405as signatures, n, 226Assonet River, Mass., vi, 113bark used for, iv, 71Columbia River, v, 665distinction between kinds, i, 405explanation of, i, 407-^11, 416-420
;
iv, 251-253Hudson River, in, 73-75illustrations, i, 336, 338, 342, 343,352, 356, 361, 373, 383, 387, 406,408, 409, 416, 417, 419, 420; in,493 ; vi, 397Indian system of, v, 397interpretations, i, 336-337, 352, 353-354, 356-357, 361-366, 368-380,383-388, 397, 401^104, 406-407Iroquois, described, i, 429illustrated, i, 421, 429, 430; vi,149materials used in making, i, 334New Mexico, illustration of, vi, 604object, i, 336of ancient nations, v, 397of devices to aid hunters, v, 150of hunting, i, 382-388of Manabozho's devices, illustra-tions, v, 150, 152on buffalo hide, illustration, v, 397on rocks, i, 334
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 171Pictographs?Continuedon trees, i, 334recording war exploits, in, 188representing census-roll, illus-trated, ii, 222representing guardian spirits, i,390Rocky Mountain, discussed, in, 493-494subjects, i, 351-352supposed Aztec, of Christian origin,v, 62-63symbols used in, i, 338, 351, 386-388, 397use by the Chippewas, vi, 463-464use in petition to the President, i,414-420uses, various, i, 339; v, 245where found, i, 334See also Inscriptions ; Petroglyphs
;
Pictography.Pictography, I, 333-430 ; n, 222-228 ; iv,251-254; vi, 604-607among the Sioux, iv, 70antiquity, i, 341, 411-412illustrations, iv, 251, 253knowledge recorded by, v, 398three styles, rv, 252use of term, iv, 251See also Pictographs; Picturewriting.Picture-writing, Mexican, i, 350; n,584-585Mexican, destruction, v, 102, 103near Tacna, Peru, v, 659Toltecs and Aztecs, iv, 251use of term, iv, 251See also Pictography.Pictured Rocks, iv, 316described, i, 169-170illustrated, i, 170no pictographs on, i, 406Picuris, Pueblo de, population, i, 519See also Picaris ; Vicuris.Piedgans. See Piegans.Piegan, a Blackfeet leader, v, ISOPiegans (Peigans, Piedgans, Piekans),v, 180; vi, 688alliance with Flatheads, v, 686bands, m, 631Blackfeet division, I, 437 ; v, 686country, in, 631 ; vx, 699division of the Sitkeas, in, 252
Piegans?Continuedlanguage, vi, 699origin of name, v, 180population, vi, 688, 698See also Blackfeet ; Paegans ; Peca-neaux.Piekans. See Piegans.Pierce, Capt., attack on force led by, vi,164Pierson, Hamilton W., story of Ana-coana, n, 309Pigmentation, racial differences, iv,352-353Pike, Lt. Z. M., expedition, i, 139-141;vi, 350population estimated by, in, 282;v, 479 ; vi, 350Pilgrims, and Massasoit, illustration, n,26meeting with Indians, n, 25principles of government, n, 24-25relations with various tribes, v,219See also Puritans.Pillagers, a name for Chippewas, n, 58annuities paid to, vi, 723changes in life, v, 187-188classification, n, 36 ; v, 184conflicts with Sioux, n, 153-155country described, v, 184-185 ; 190-191first notice of, vi, 483general account, v, 184-191home, permanent, v, 191land cessions, v, 188list of chiefs, v, 189numeral system, v, 244origin of name, n, 153 ; v, 145, 1S4,185-186population, v, 185 ; vi, 707position as warriors, n, 59retreat of Sioux from, v, 98-99separation from Chippewas, v, 185social organization, v, 189treaty made, vi, 421villages, v, 185vocabulary, brief, n, 213war leaders, noted, n, 165wars with the Sioux, v, 185, 186-187Pillar Rock, Oak Point, and ColumbiaRiver Indians, population, v, 705936706?54- -12
172 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Pima (Pimo) language, vocabulary, in,460-462Pimas (Pimos), cotton fabrics made by,iv, 33hair dressing, in, 290history, language, and archeology,in, 296-306location, in, 306map showing, in, 96migration legend, in, 296relations with Coco Maricopas, in,296Pinckney, Gov., dwelling, iv, 162Pinclatchas, a Creek town, v, 262Pinihoole, derivation of name, iv, 381Pinyigoosan, name of medicine-bag, v,424Pinzon, Vincenti Yaiiez, Brazil discov-ered by, iv, 562Pioneers, attitude toward Indians, iv,316Piorias. See Peorias and others.Pipe bearers, n, 161, 106Pipe, Capt, influence exerted, vi, 30treaty signed, vi, 303Pipe dance, Winnebago, described, in,286Pipe of peace. See Calumet; PeacePipe.Pipe sculpture, n, 511-512 ; iv, 140-143aboriginal culture indicated, iv,141art of, i, 74examples, discussed, iv, 141-142illustrated, i, 78Pipes, an article of trade, i, 68 ; v, 692antique, illustration, vi, 92, 602antique stemless, described, i,74-75black marble, Creeks, v, 692buried with the dead, iv, 54California and Oregon, in, 206ceremonial use, i, 31 ; v, 65-66,169-170decoration, n, 511-512description, iv, 163, 166found in mounds, I, 67-68found on altars, i, 52, 73from burials, comparison of, i, 104illustrations, i, 74-78, 120; n, 90,512; iv, 175; vi, 92, 602
Pipes?Continuedmaterials used, i, 73; iv, 141, 175;v, 178 ; vi, 598Moqui, described, iv, 435-436illustrated, iv, 74Pennacook, illustrated, iv, 175pottery, age of, i, 74theory concerning, v, 110prototype in Europe, i, 68sandstone, in form of idol, i, 75short clay, i, 68Shoshonee, i, 214Sioux, ii, 176stone, Moqui tradition of, rv, 87offered in sacrifice, iv, 128varieties used, n, 512use and description, i, 72-75use in making treaties, in, 263See also Peace pipe; Pipe sculp-ture ; Smoking customs ; Tobacco.Pipe-stems, decoration, n, 512illustrations, n, 512Pipe-stone, charms made, i, 86, 87ornaments, occurrence, i, 68traffic in, i, 67Pipe-stone quarry, in, 257location, n, 176Piscahoos(e), population, i, 521; vi,702See also piscous.Piscataquaukes, derivation of name, v,223members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 223Piseataways, vi, 143, 145missionary work among, vi, 734, 735Pisco, skulls from cemetery, n, 329Piscous (Pisquouse), classification, in,402population, v, 705 ; vi, 700See also Piscahoos.Pishquitpahs, location, in, 570population, in, 570, 609Pisquouse. See Piscous.Pist-chins, language, mention of, iv,600location, iv, 598population, iv, 598Pistol River, Indians of, vi, 702Pitcher, Dr. Zina, iv, 149, 492paper on Indian medicine, iv, 502-519reference to work, vi, 632
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 173
Pitchlyn, John, work of, iv, 545Pitt Mountain, origin of name, ni, 165Pitt River Indians, depredations, in,166Pittsburg, fort established on site, vi,213, 214sketch by Lewis Brantz, in, 336Pi-Utahs, a part of the Utah tribe, v,199country occupied by band of, v, 201population, v, 201, 498Pizarro, m, 23 ; vi, 48conquests, ni, 27discoveries, mention of, iv, 123policy in Peru, v, 88-89references to, in, 23; vi, 48Pizhu, Chief, i, 107Place names, formation, hi, 502-505lists, with meanings, in, 506-509poetic character, in, 328See also Names, geographical.Plants. See Agriculture; Food; Me-dicinal plants ; Roots.See also under the names of plants,as Corn, Tobacco, etc.Platanar, mission of Barcelona Prov-ince, iv, 556Plates, metal, Creeks, mention of, v, 283Muscogees, described, v, 660preserved by the Muscogees, in,88-90Platina, specific gravity, i, 150where found, i, 150Platte River, tribes on, vi, 556Pleurisy, remedy for, iv, 512Plow, substitute, v, 106Plugge's Town, iv, 624, 625, 630, 631, 632Plum-stone game, Dacotahs, iv, 04Plymouth, attack, by Indians, vi, 164,165Indian warfare, vi, 158-160landing of colony, vi, 104missionary work, vi, 734, 736Pocahontas, n, 29 ; rv, 613death, vi, 744error in painting of, ni, 66John Smith saved, vi, 97true name, n, 66Pocanokets. See Pokanokets.Pocasset. See Troy Indians.Pocb en tal le basse, an Upper Creektown, iv, 578
Po chis bach cha, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578Po con talla hassa Town, a Creek town,iv, 576chief of, iv, 576Pocopassum, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Pocuntullahases, a Creek town, v, 262Po-da-wand-um-ee ( Po-da-waud-um-eeg), separation from Ojibwas,ii, 139westward migration, n, 139See also Potawatomies.Poemtucks, vi, 159Poetic development of Indian mind, in,326-328Poetry, Indian, examples, v, 608-611Pogodque, population, in, 633Pohanti, iv, 77Poh-lik, application of term, in, 151Pohlik-Klamath villages, in, 145Poinsett, Secretary of War, vi, 492, 506decision regarding Cberokee mur-ders, vi, 502negotiations with Cherokees, vi, 493Point Iroquois, origin of name, n, 149;vi, 201Point St. Ignace, census of Indians, i,458-467mission established, vi, 257Poisoning, among the Ojibwas, ii, 145remedies, iv, 515Poiwateeg, an ancient Chippewa vil-lage, v, 147Pojoaque. See Pejodque ; Pogodque
;
Pojodque.Pojodque (Pojuaque), language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; vi, 709Pokanoket Bashabary, tribes compos-ing vi, 150Pokanokets (Pocanokets), n, 25; v, 121affiliations, vi, 150history, vi, 113-115independence in warfare, vi, 199name for the Wampanoags, vi, 103,150New England tribe, vi, 125relations with colonists, vi, 173ruler of, vi, 173tribal circle, vi, 173war, instigated by, vi, 172on colonists, vi, 152-172
174 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Politeness among Indians, iv, 342-345Polygamy, among Comanches, i, 235-236; II, 131-132Dacotahs, in, 234-235Oregon Indians, v, 654cause of quarrels, n, 184cause of suicide, in, 235Polynesia, manufacture of cloth in, i,90-91Pometacom (Pometakom), vi, 98, 184,248, 647correct name of King Philip, vi, 151son of Massasoit, vi, 103See also King Philip.Porno, language, in, 112treaty, in, 112Porno and others, population, in, 634Ponacks, a synonym of Bonacks (q. v.),vi, 686Pon a hor thlock o, chief at Euchee, rv,580Ponashita, population, i, 521See also Bonacks.Poncas, affiliations, iv, 550census, vi, 556location, in, 594; vi, 556, 695, 705population, i, 523 ; in, 594, 609 ; vi,688, 695, 696, 705See also Puncas.Ponce de Leon, n, 35defeated by Indians, v, 410expedition of, in, 24-25 ; vi, 38Florida discovered, i, 134Florida named, vi, 743Pouch Indians. See Paunch Indians.Ponci, an Apache chief, v, 206Pond, Messrs., work, iv, 547, 548, 549Pond Orrilles. See Pend d'Oreilles.Pond, Rev. Gideon H., a Dacotah mis-sionary, iv, 492, 497paper on Medicine-men, iv, 641-651quoted on Dakotah medicine-men,vi, 648-657work of, iv, 548, 549Pond, Rev. S. W., work, iv, 548, 549Ponderas, missionary work among, vi,734, 735population, i, 521 ; vi, 701See also Kalispel.Ponishta Bonacks, Snake River, popu-lation, vi, 701Ponpon, Uchees at, in, 26
Pontiac, i, 412 ; m, 22, 57, 59 ; iv, 614
;
v, 122, 139 ; vi, 141, 268, 647activities in Illinois, n, 306-308actual position, iv, 481appearance, n, 308argument used by, vi, 449at Detroit, vi, 382confederation against English, vi,242-243council headed, n, 243, 248, 270, 290death, two accounts, n, 308doctrine, v, 151joined by Ojibwas, n, 148leader, possibly, at Braddock's de-feat, vi, 217opposition to Anglo-Saxons, v, 45oratory, iv, 627; v, 410, 518origin uncertain, n, 308quotation from speech, in, 55reference to speeches, vi, 300resistance to the English, n, 241;v, 528siege of Detroit, details, n, 242-308speech against the English, n, 248-249speech to the French, n, 270-272,290tribes joining conspiracy of, vi, 243tribes organized, n, 242, 307victory at Bloody Bridge, vi, 287White encroachment, efforts tocheck, vi, 248, 249Pontiac manuscript, n, 240-308Pontiac's Confederacy, tribes composing,n, 242, 307Pontiac's conspiracy, account of, vi,242-248Poor, Col., charge led by, vi, 309, 310Popquit, son of Massasoit, vi, 151Population, Indian (general), v, 479-506according to States, in, 583-586,598affected by food supply, iv, 350at time of discovery, v, 34-35at time of removal, vi, 518, 522decrease in, i, 191-192, 434 ; n, 95,172; in, 95, 221, 614; v, 33-34,479-480; vi, 180-181causes of, vi, 561-563density, vi, 599effect of smallpox, i, 257
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 175Population, Indian?Continuedestimated by Col. Bouquet, v, 479
;
vi, 685in groups, in, 575-576estimates, official, v, 34-35unreliable, v, 34-35various, v, 479estimating, difficulties, i, 227geographical divisions, v, 480new territory, i, 192Northwest, 1812, v, 708old States, 1824, v, 450over-estimation, vi, 349report by Indian Bureau, vi, 414-415tables showing, i, 439-524 ; in, 551-635, 601-606; iv, 572-582, 590,598, 603, 608 ; v, 701-708 ; vi, 686-718total, estimated, in, 95, 559, 581 ; iv,459 ; v, 472, 480, 485 ; vi, 481, 564upper Mississippi, m, 562-569wandering tribes, vi, 705west of the Rockies, ni, 596western and northern tribes, vi,271wild mountain tribes, i, 520Population, by tribes and territories :
?
Abinaki (Abinakies, Abonakies andothers), vi, 270, 714Absarokas (Absarokes). SeeCrows.Acazingo, m, 516Accohanocs, in, 517Accomacks, in, 517Acoma, i, 519 ; m, 633 ; vi, 686, 709Actopan (Othomi), in, 517Adai (Addees, Addies, Adees), in,585, 598 ; vi, 686Adirondacks (Orondocks), vt, 270,714Aegakotcheising, i, 478Ahahawa, in, 522Ah-hoo-zeeb-kaw's band, i, 498-507Akosa's band, i, 458-467Alabamas, in, 524
*In this section on population data, aneffort has been made to identify the tribalnames used by Schoolcraft with the acceptedforms as given in the Handbook of AmericanIndians North of Mexico (Bur. Amer. Ethnol.Bull. 30). The synonyms follow the presentspelling in parentheses or are cross-refer-enced to it.
?
Editor.
Population, by tribes?ContinuedAlagonkins and others, vi, 714Algonquin group, I, 523; vi, 275Algonquins, vi, 270, 272, 686New York, I, 524Ohio Valley, rv, 605-606Algonquins, Western, I, 488Alibamu (Alibamous), in, 399Allakaweah, in, 525Alleghany Reservation, vi, 690Alsea (Ulseahs), m, 571Amalistes, in, 525Ambatawwoot, n, 28Anadarko (Ah-nau-dah-kas, An-a-dah-has, Anadahkas, Anadah-koes, Anadakas, An-a-dak-kas,Andaicos) i, 518 ; in, 635 ; v, 702
;
vi, 686, 699, 704, 708Ionies, and Caddoes, v, 712Ance's band, i, 458Apaches, i, 245, 518, 519; ni, 528;vi, 686, 704, 705Apaches, Lepans, and Jicarillas, v,484Apalachee (Apolashe, Asphalashe),in, 585, 596Apalachicola (Apalachicolas, Ap-palachicolas), in, 531, 609, 610;vi, 686Apalousa. See Opelusa.Appalachian group, i, 523; vi, 276,518, 522, 690Arapahoes (Arepahas, Arrepahas,Kaninahoick), i, 245, 519, 523;in, 404, 533, 596, 609; v, 495; vi,556, 686, 704, 713Arbre Croche, m, 535Arikara (Aricaree, Arickaras,Arickarees, Aurickarees, Rees),I, 257, 523 ; in, 595, 609, 630, 631
;
v, 494 ; vi, 556, 686, 688, 704Arkansas Indians, in, 537Assiniboin (Assinaboines, Assina-boins, Assiniboine, Assiniboins)
,
i, 257, 523; m, 539, 594, 609, 631
;
v, 494 ; vi, 556, 686, 704Atfalati (Sualtine, Wappatoo), I,521 : ni, 570-576, 609 ; vi, 689, 701Athapascas, n, 27, 28; v, 172Bannock (Bonacks, Bonnacks,Ponishta Bonacks, Ponashita),i, 521 ; v, 493 ; vi, 697, 701Beaver Indians, rv, 558
176 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedBeaver Island Indians, i, 458 ; Hi,526 ; iv, 558Belantse-eteas ( Belautse-etea )
.
See Hidatsa.Bidai (Bedies), iv, 558; vi, 686Biloxi (Beloxi, Billoxie, Bolixes),in, 585, 596 ; v, 702Birch Bay Indians. See Semiah-moo.Blackfeet (Blaekfoot), i, 257, 523;in, 595, 609, 631 ; iv, 560 ; v, 180,494 ; vi, 556, 686, 698, 704Blackfeet Sioux, v, 494Bois Forte bands (Cbippewas).See Sugwaundugabwininewug.Brothertons, i, 523 ; in, 583 ; v, 504 ;vi, 686, 707Brule (Broule) Sioux, v, 494; vi,713Buffalo Reservation, vi, 690Caddoes (Caddos, Caddow), i, 518,523; in, 402, 585, 596, 609, 635;v, 702 ; vi, 686, 699Caddoes and otbers, vi, 704Caddoes, Ionies, and An-a-dak-kas,v, 712 ; vi, 708Calapooya (Calipoa, Callabpoewah,Callapuyas, Callipoogas) i, 521;in, 201, 572, 609, 632 ; v, 492 ; vi,686, 701Calasthocle. See Quinaielt.California Indians, i, 520, 523; in,112, 116, 634 ; v, 217, 484 ; vi, 686,705, 710, 711, 715California Indians, southern, iv,608California Missions, i, 520Caloait (Calooit). See Skilloot.Cape Flattery Indians. See Makah.Carp River Indians. See Ora-munise.Cascades. See Watlala.Catawba (s) (Catabas), i, 524; in,583 ; vi, 179, 272, 686, 705Cathlacomatup (Cathlacomma-tups, Cathlacumup, Cathlacum-ups), in, 570, 571Cathlamet (Catelamet, Cathlamah,Kathlamet, Kathlamit), i, 521;in, 571, 609 ; vi, 701, 702Cathlanaquiahs (Cathlanahquii-ahs), in, 570
Population, by tribes?ContinuedCathlapotle (Quathlapohtle), in.571Cattaraugus Reservation, vi, 690Catugajay Creek division, i, 508Caughnawaga (Cognawagoes), vi,714Cayuga (Kayuga), i, 441, 519, 523;in, 583 ; iv, 603, 604, 606 ; v, 504,668 ; vi, 275, 694, 705, 707, 714Cayugas and Senecas, vi, 718Cayuses (Waulatpus, Willetpos.Yeletpo), I, 521; in, 570, 632; v,493, 705, 706, 707 ; vi, 686, 700, 701Chan wap pan. See Shanwappon.Charcowa(h), in, 572, 609Cbastaeosta (Shistacoostee, Sisti-coosta), v, 493; vi, 702Cheboygan (Cheboigan) band, i, 478Cbebalis (Che-ha4is, Chehaylis,Chickeeles, Cbihalis, Chillates), i,521 ; in, 201, 571 ; iv, 599 ; v, 703 ;vi, 686, 701, 703Chehalis and Puget's Sound, v, 705Chemetunne (Yakshute, YahShutes), iv, 493; vi, 702Chemovi. See Sichomovi.Chenos, Huron, i, 458Chepawas (Cheppewyans). SeeChippewa.Cherokees, i, 508, 518, 523 ; ni, 584,585, 596, 609, 610; iv, 574, 607;v, 483, 504 ; vi, 272, 480, 4S1, 530,686, 688, 690, 704, 708Chetco (Cheattee) v, 493; vi, 702Cbetlessentan (Chetlessantun), v,493; vi, 702Cheyenne (s) (Chayennes), i, 245,519, 523; in, 595, 609, 630, 631;v, 494 ; vi, 556, 6S6, 705, 713Chickasaw (s) (Chickasas), i, 508,523 ; in, 584, 597, 610 ; iv, 574 ; v,504 ; vi, 272, 686, 690, 704Chilluckittequaw ( Chillukkiteq-uaw), in, 570, 609; v, 706Chimakuin (Chin-a-kum, PortTownsend Indians), iv, 598; v,491, 703, 705; vi, 703Chimnahpan (Chimnahpum, Chin-nahpuna), in, 570, 609; v, 706Chinook (Chinnooks), i, 521; in,201, 571, 609, 632 ; v, 492, 705 ; vi,686, 701
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 177Population, by tribes?ContinuedChinook?ContinuedLower, v, 490 ; vi, 703Upper, v, 490 ; vi, 703Chippewa (Chipeway), i, 458, 468,523, 524 ; n, 27, 139-140 ; in, 523,524, 563, 584, 591; iv, 572, 609;v, 495, 70S ; vi, 271, 272, 275, 276,686, 693, 714Bois Forte bands, vi, 692, 707Grand Traverse Bay, in, 523,524Lake Indians, vi, 692Mississippi, vi, 704, 707mixed bloods, vi, 692Swan Creek and Black River.vi, 689, 692, 705See also Chippewas and Ot-tawas, etc. ; Chippewyan
;
Ojibways.Chippewas and Ottowas, in, 610;vi, 705, 714Chippewas and Saginaw, vi, 692Chippewas, Boisfort and Red Lake,vi, 707Chippewas of Lake Superior, vi,692, 704, 707of Saginaw, vi, 705Chippewas, Ottawas, and Pottowat-toniies, in, 610Chippewyan, v, 172Chockrelatan (Chockreletan, Choc-releatan), v, 492; vi, 702Choctaws (Choctas), I, 522, 523;in, 5S4, 585, 597, 609, 610; iv,574 ; v, 483, 504 ; vi, 272, 479, 686,690, 704Chopeinnish (Chopunnish). SeeNez Percys.Christian Indians, i, 48S; v, 504;vi, 705and Munceys, v, 495Cia, in, 633 ; vi, 709Cibolos, ancient. See Zuni.Clackama (Clackamas, Clarka-mus), i, 521 ; in, 572. 609, 632; v,492 ; vi, 686, 701Clackstar. See Tlatskanai.Clahaquah (Clannahqueh), in, 571Clallams (Noosclalum, Nooselalum,Duginass, Noostlalums, Skal-lam's Skallum), i, 521; iv, 598;v, 491, 700, 703, 705 ; vi, 700, 703
Population, by tribes?ContinuedClamoctomichs. See Klumaitumsh.Claninnatas, m, 571Clannarminnamuns. See Kathla-minimin.Clatsop (Chatsops, Klatsops), i,521; in, 201, 571, 609, 632; v,492; vi, 686, 701Clear Lake Indians, in, 110, 634Clear Lake region, vi, 711Clowwewalla (Turn Waters), in,632Cochite, Pueblo de, i, 519Cochiti, in, 633; vi, 709Coeur d'Alenes, vi, 700, 701. SeeSkitswish.Cognawagoes [Caughnawaga] andConnefedagoes [Oka], vi, 714Cognawagoes [Caughnawaga] andothers, vi, 714Columbia Valley, in, 570-572Colville (Collville, Schwo-Yelpi,Wheelpo), i, 521; in, 572, 609,632 ; v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; vi, 700,701and Spokane, v, 706, 707Comanches (Camanches, Na-u-ni,Padoucas), i, 230, 244, 245, 260,518, 519 ; in, 596, 609, 635 ; v, 702 ;vi, 686, 705, 708and Kiowa ys, vi, 705Con-a-ha-ta-kaw's band, i, 498Conerd, Helene, i, 521Conestoga (Susquehannocks), vi,131Connecticut Indian, i, 524Connefedagoes [Oka] and Cogna-wagoes [Caughnawaga], vi, 714Connewango (Connewangos), in,288Conoy (Conoies, Conoys), v, 668;vi, 714Coos (Cookkoo-oose), in, 571, 609Cooniac (Konick), I, 521Coosadas. Sec Koasati.Coospellar. See Kalispel.Cootenays. See Kutenai.Cootenays [Kutenai] and Flatbows(Flatboys), vi, 700; v, 705Coppermine Indians, n, 27Cosulhentan (Cosutheutuu). SeeKwusathlkhuntunne.
178 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedCowlitz (Cow-e-litz, Cowe-wa-cbin),i, 521; rv, 598, 599; v, 705; vi,686, 701Cowlitz and Upper Chibalis, v, 490,703 ; vi, 703Cree (Knisteneaux) in, 593Creeks, i, 518, 522, 523; in, 584,596, 609, 610 ; iv, 574 ; v, 263, 483,494, 504; vi, 333, 369, 532, 686,690, 708Crees, in, 593, 609 ; vi, 556, 686, 705Crows (Absarokas, Absarokes, Up-sarokas), i, 523 ; in, 595, 609, 630,631 ; iv, 494 ; vi, 556, 686, 705Cushhooks (Clisbbooks), in, 572,609Cusbnas, vi, 710Dakotas (Dacota, La Sue), i, 498,525 ; in, 614 ; vi, 275, 714Dalles bands, v, 490, 705, 706, 707
;
vi, 700Deagotbee Loocboo. See Tutbkutb-kutchin.Delawares, i, 488, 518, 523; in,424, 583, 585, 592, 609, 610, 635
;
iv, 572, 606 ; v, 140, 142, 495, 70Svi, 271, 272, 687, 699, 705, 714and Munsees, vi, 275and Sbawnees, vi, 708of Indiana (1812), v, 708Des Cbutes (De Cbutes), i, 521;in, 632 ; v, 493, 706, 707 ; vi, 686700, 701Detroit Cbippewas, i, 458Dieguenos, n, 100Diggers, v, 498Dogribs. See Thlingebadinne.Druniinond Island band, i, 458Dwamisb (Nee-wani-isb, Port Or-chard Indians), iv, 958; v, 491,703, 705 ; vi, 703Ecbeloot (Eskeloot). See Tlak-luit.Eel River Indians, ni, 584Eel River region, vi, 711Ehihalis [Cbehalis], v, 490El Paso Pueblo, vi, 687Eneshur, v, 706Ene[e]sbure, in, 570, 609Esbquagonabee's band, i, 458Eskeloot, in, 570, 609Eskini (Erskines), vi, 710
Population, by tribes?ContinuedEtcbareottine (Edcbautawoot), n,27Etcheridiegottine ( Tsillawadoot )
,
ii, 28Euquacbee. See Yukicbetunne.Euquatops. See Mescaleros.Euquatops and Muscaleros. SeeMescaleros.Eutahs of New Mexico. See Ute.Ewinte. See Uinta.Fall Indians, in, 251Flatbows, v, 490Flatbows and Cootenays [Kutenai],vi, 700Flatbeads, i, 521 ; v, 490, 705, 706,707 ; vi, 556, 687, 700, 701Flat River band, i, 478Flattery Indians. See Makah.Florida Indians, i, 522, 523Folsavoins. See Menominee.Fort Village band, i, 478Foxes (Outtagomies), in, 259, 562,593, 609 ; vi, 271, 714Foxes and Sacs, i, 4S8, 523 ; vi, 687Fresno Indians, iv, 608Fresno Reservation, vi, 715Fresnos of California, vi, 687Goodrod's band, i, 498Good Tbunder's band, i, 498Grand Island Indians, i, 458Grand Rapids band, i, 478Grande Ronde. See Willewah.Green Bay region, vi, 271Griswold Colony band, I, 478Gros Ventres, i, 523; in, 594, 609,630, 631 ; v, 494 ; vi, 556, 687, 698,705Gros Ventres of tbe Prairie, in, 595
;
vi, 556, 687Groton, m, 5S3Habe Napo. See Kbabenapo.Hainai (Ionees, Ionies), i, 518; in,635 ; v, 702 ; vi, 687, 699Hannakallal (Hannakallab), in,571, 609Hano (Tanoquevi), i, 519Hebighenimmo ( Hibigbenimmo )
.
See Sanpoil.Herring Pond, m, 583
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 179Population, by tribes?ContinuedHidatsa (Belantse-eteas, Belautse-etea, Minatarees, Minetarees,Minnatarees, Minnetarees), i,257, 523; in, 251, 252, 594, 609;iv, 559 ; v, 494 ; vi, 687, 705Hilleamuck. See Tillamook.Hocks [Hoako], vi, 710Hohilpos, ni, 572Hokamish. See Skokomish.Holilepas, vi, 710Homamish (Honianish). See Sko-mamish.Hookluhinic Indians. See Lummi.Ho-pee-kaw's band, i, 498Hohilpos (Ho pil po), v, 706Hopi (Moques, Moqui Pueblos,Moquis) , i, 244, 245, 519 ; in, 633 ;v, 484 ; vi, 687Hunkpapa (Onkpapah), v, 494Hurons, (Wayondotts, Wiyondotts,Wyandots, Wyandotts) i, 441;in, 5S3, 584, 590, 610; v, 495, 708
;
vi, 270, 271, 272, 275, 705, 714Huta Napo. See Kuhlanapo.Ietan, Ietam, (Jetam) in, 597, 609Interior Indians (Chippewas), vi,692Ionees (Ionies) See Hainai.Ionies, An-a-dak-kas, and Caddoes,v, 712 ; vi, 708Ionies and others, vi, 704Iowas, (Ihoways, Ioways), i, 49S;in, 258, 562, 585, 593, 609; iv,466, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 687, 705Iroquois, iv, 603, 604; v, 481; vi,270, 275, 687and Algonquins of New York,vi, 690Confederacy, iv, 603, 604group, I, 441, 523of New York, vi, 718of the West, vi, 275Isanyati. See Santee.Is-chaw-go4)aw-kaw's band, i, 498Isletta Pueblo de, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi,687, 709below El Paso, i, 519Jemez ( Jenies) , in, 633 ; vr, 687, 709Jemez, Pueblo de, i, 519Jicarillas, i, 245, 519John Day's River, v, 706
Population, by tribes?ContinuedJuparivi. See Shipaulovi.Kadohadacho. See Caddoes.Kagwatosa's band, i, 458Kah lis pelni, v, 707Kahtais, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Kahuncles, in, 571Kalawatset (Killawats), m, 571Kalispel (Calapelins, Calespelins,Colespelin, Coospellar, Kah lispelm, Kullus Palus, Pend' Oreil-les, Ponderas), i, 521; v, 707, vi,686, 701Kamiah (Kimooenim Band), ni,570Kancho or Hare. See Kawcho-dinne.Kaninahoick. See Arapaho.Kansa (Kanzas), i, 523; in, 480,594, 609 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 687tribe, vr, 705Kansas Territory Indians, vr, 518Kaquaiths, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Kaskaias, in, 596, 609Kaskaskias, i, 525 ; in, 584, 593 ; iv,572; vi, 272, 687and others, vr, 705, 714and Peorias, in, 609 ; vr, 693Kathlaminimim (Clannarminna-muns), in, 571Kawchodinne (Kancho or Hare) , n,28Keawas, in, 596, 609Keechies [Kichkai], Wacoes, andTowacarros, vr, 705Kettle Falls, i, 521Khabenapo (Habe Napo, Habe-Napo), ni, 109, 634Khwaishtunnetunne (Whistanatin,Wishtenatin) , v, 493 ; vr, 702Kichkai (Kechies, Keechies, Koe-chies) , i, 518 ; in, 635 ; v, 702 ; vi,687, 699, 708Kickapoo ( Kick-u-al-lis, Kikialis,Kikiallis), rv, 598; v, 491, 704;vi, 703Kickapoos, i, 488, 523 ; in, 585, 592,609, 610 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 272,687, 705, 714Kilamukes (Killamucks). See Til-lamook.
180 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedKillaxthokle (Killaxthocles, Killay-thocles), in, 571, 609Kimooenim band. See Kamiah.King's River Indians, vi, 715Kinkla, m, 201Kiowas (Keawas, Kioways, Kaya-guas), i, 245, 518, 523; in, 596,609 ; vi, 687, 705, 708Kitunaha, v, 707Klamath Reservation, vi, 715Klamath River villages, in, 138,156, 634Klamaths (Klamets), in, 201; v,493Klikitat (Klickitats, Clickatais,Clickatats, Clickitats, Klikatats,Vancouvers), i, 521; in, 632; v,490, 705, 707 ; vi, 700, 701Klumaitumsh (Clamoctomichs) , m,571Knisteneaux. See Cree.Koasati (Coosadas, Coshattees,Coshatties), ni, 399, 585, 596Koog-ay-ray-kaw's band, i, 498Kosotshe (Luckkarso), in, 571, 690Kotsoteka (Koolsatik-ara), i, 498Kuhlanapo (Huta Napo), in, 634Kuitsh (Umquas), i, 521; in, 201,632 ; v, 492 ; vi, 689, 701Kullas Palus. See Kalispel.Kutauwa (Neeketoos), ni, 571Kutenai ( Contenay, Cootenays,Coutenay, Kootamies), i, 521; v,490, 705, 706 ; vi, 700, 701Kwaiailk ( Staktomish, Stakto-mish), v, 701, 704Kwatami (Quahtomah, Quatomah,Saquaacha), v, 492; vi, 702Kwehtlmamish ( N'quutl-ma-mish )
,
v, 704; vi, 703Kworatem (Quoratem), in, 151Kwusathlkhuntunne (Cosulhentan,Cosutheutun), v, 492; vi, 702Laguna, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 687, 709See also Clear Lake Indians.Lahanna, in, 572, 609Lake Calhoun band, i, 498Lake Huron Chippewas, i, 458Lake Indians (Chippewas), vi, 692Lakmiut Saekanoir, Suchamier),I, 521 ; vi, 689, 701La Purissima Concepcion, i, 520
Population, by tribes?ContinuedL'Arbre Croehe Ottowas, i, 478Larlielo (Lartielo). See Spokan.La Sue. See Dakota.Leech Lake Indians, in, 366Lentes (Lentis, Leunis or Leutis),i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 687, 709Lewis River Snakes, v, 493Lipans, i, 518 ; in, 635 ; vi, 687, 705,708Little Crow's Village, i, 498Little Dekonie's band, i, 498Little Flathead Indians, vi, 701Little Mills band, i, 498Little Six's band, i, 498Little Thunder's band, i, 498Lokulk. See Sokulk.Loquamish, v, 491Lower Chinooks, v, 703Lower Creeks, v, 483See also Creeks.Luckawis, in, 571Luckkarso. See Kosotshe.Lucktons, in, 571Luinmi (Hooklumic Indians, Nook-lummi, Nookluolamic, Noot-hum) , I, 521 ; v, 701, 704 ; vi, 701,703Mackanotin. See Minkonotunne.Mahican (Mohicans, Mohiccans,Mohickons), iv, 606; v, 668; vi,714Mahicans of Stockbridge, v, 504Makah (Cape Flattery Indians,Ma-caw, Makahs, Makaw, Ya-caws) , i, 521 ; iv, 598 ; v, 700, 703
;
vi, 687, 689, 701, 703Mandans ( Mandon) , I, 257, 523 ; in,249-250, 253, 254, 595, 609, 630,631 ; v, 494, vi, 556, 687, 705Manistee River Indians, i, 458Manzana, i, 519Maple River band, i, 47SMariposa, vr, 687Mariposa County Indians, iv, 608Mariposa, Fresno, and Merceda In-dians, v, 484Marlain or Kite (Marlin or Kite).See Staitan.Martha's Vineyard, in, 583Mascoutens (Mascoudins, Mascou-tins, Miscotins, Musquatons, Mus-quitons) , iv, 245 ; vi, 204, 272, 714
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 181Population, by tribes?ContinuedMashpee (Marshpee), in, 583Massachusetts Indians, i, 287Maw-kuh-soonch-kaw's band, i, 498Mdewakanton ( Medawakantons,People of the Lakes) in, 562, 613,614, 707Mendocino Reservation, vi, 715Menduwakanton [Mdewakanton]and Wapakotah [Wahpekute]Sioux, vi, 707Menominee (Folsavoins, Menoniee-nees, Menomenes, Menoniinees,Menomonees, Menomonies, Mo-nomonies, Mynomanies), i, 488,523 ; in, 562, 584, 591, 610 ; v, 708
;
vi, 271, 275, 687, 691, 705, 707, 714Mercede Indians, iv, 608 ; vi, 687Mescaleros (Euquatops, Muscala-roes, Muscaleros, Mus-ka-le-ras),i, 239, 518 ; vi, 687, 705, 708Miami (Miamies, Twightwees), i,488, 523 ; in, 584, 591, 610 ; iv, 572,605 ; v, 495, 708 ; vi, 272, 275, 499,687, 705, 714Miamis and others (1812), v, 708Michigamea (Mitchigamas) , vi, 714Michigan tribes, vi, 692Michopdo (Wachucknas), vi, 710Micksuckealton (Micksuckseal-tom), in, 572; v, 706Micmac ( Souriquois ) , i, 524; vi,689Middle Village, i, 478Mie-mis-souks, iv, 598Mikasuki (Mickasaukies), i, 522Mikonotunne (Mackanotin, Maquel-noten), v, 493; vi, 702Minatarees [and variant spellings].See Hidatsa.Minikonga, v, 494Miseekwigweelis (Mis-kai-whu), v,704 ; vi, 703Mission, v, 707 ; vi, 700Mission band, in, 632Missions, California, i, 520Missisauga (Mississagies, Missis-sagues), in, 199; vi, 272, 275Missouris (Missourias), i, 523; in,593 ; iv, 573 ; v, 494 ; vi, 687and Ottoes, vi, 706Mitchigamas and others. SeeMichigamea.
Population, by tribes?ContinuedMixed bloods (Chippewas), i, 520;vi, 692Mohawk (Mohocks), iv, 603, 604,606; v, 668; vi, 275, 687, 714Mohegan, i, 524 ; in, 583Molala (Molallas, Mole Alleg,Molealleg, Mollales), i, 521; in,632 ; v, 492Mountain Indians, n, 27Muhzheguning, i, 458Multnomah, in, 570Muncee (Munceys and ChristianIndians, Munsays, Munsees, Mun-sees and Delawares, Munsies), I,523 ; v, 495, 668 ; vi, 275, 6S7, 705,707, 714Murphy, N. C, neighborhood of, I,508Muscogee (Muscogulges), i, 266; v,504Musquakeys [Foxes] and others,vi, 714Musquatons and others (Musqui-tons and others). Sec Mascou-tens.Mustees and Mulattoes. See Mixed-bloods.Nahane (Nohannies), n, 28Nambe, in, 633 ; vi, 687, 709Nanticokes, v, 668 ; vi, 714Narragansetts, i, 524 ; ni, 583 ; vi,687Nasumi (Nasomah), v, 492; vi, 702Nataotin (Nateotetains), n, 28Natchez, vi, 272Natchitoches, m, 585, 596Navaho (Nabajos, Navahoes, Nav-ajo) and Utahs, i, 244, 245, 519;iv, 214, 220 ; v, 484, 498 ; vi, 687,705Naw-key-ku-kaw's band, i, 498Nebraska Territory Indians, v, 486Nechacoke[e], in, 570Neeketoos. See Kutauwa.Nee-wam-ish, iv, 598Nemalquinner, in, 570Neosho Agency, i, 498Neosho Senecas and Shawnees, vi,687Neutral Nation, iv, 207Ne-u-tub-vig, iv, 598
182 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedNew Mexico Indians, i, 245, 518, 519,523 ; v, 4S4 ; vi, 687New York Indians, in, 583, 586, 610 ;iv, 572Nez Perces (Saaptins), i, 521; in,570, 609, 632 ; v, 490, 493, 705, 706,707; vi, 6S8, 700, 701Nipis[s]ing, vi, 272Nisqualli (Nisqually, Qualliarnisb,Quallyamish, Squalli - ah - inish,Squalliamisb, Squally - ah - mish,Squallymish), i, 521; iv, 598; v,701, 704, 705 ; vi, 688Nisqually River Indians, v, 491Nome Cult Valley, vi, 715Nome Lacke Reservation, vr, 715Nooksak (Nooksaak), v, 491, 704;vi, 703North Carolina tribes, vi, 182North-western California, in, 634Nottoway (Nottaways, Nottowas,Nottoways), i, 524; in, 583; vi,688Nukwatsamish ( N'qua-cha-mish )
,
v, 704; vi, 703Nusehtsatl (Noosechatl, Noo-seh-chatl), v, 703; vi, 703Oglala (Ogeelala, Ogellahs, Ogel-lalas), i, 523; v, 494; vi, 556,688, 713Ohio Valley Indians, iv, 605-606Ojibways, n, 139-140See also Chippewa.Okinagans (Okinakanes, Okona-gan, Okonagon, Okonegan, Ouki-nagans, Oukinegans), i, 521; in,632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707; vi,6S8, 700, 702, 710and Pisquouse, v, 705 ; vi, 700Ololopel (Olippas), vi, 710Omahas (Omabaws, Owaha), i,498, 523 ; in, 609 ; iv, 573 ; v, 494 ;vi, 688, 705, 706Ommunise (Carp River Indians), i,458Oneidas, i, 441 ; in, 5S3, 590, 594
;
iv, 603, 604, 606 ; v, 668, 705, 707
;
vi, 714, 718and Tuscaroras, vi, 275of Green Bay, vi, 688, 707
Population, by tribes?ContinuedOneidas?Continuedof New York, v, 504; vi, 688,707of Wisconsin, v, 504Onondaga (Onondagoes), i, 441;in, 583, 590; iv, 603, 604, 606;v, 504, 668 ; vi, 275, 688, 705, 707,714, 718Ootlashoot, in, 570Opelusa (Apalousa), in, 529, 531Oquaga (Aughquagas, Oquagos),v, 668 ; vi, 714Oraibi (Oriva), i, 519Oregon Indians, i, 436, 437, 521,523; v, 484; vi, 688Oregon Territory tribes, v, 492-493 ; vi, 705Osages (Washbashas), in, 585,594, 609; iv, 572, 590; v, 495;vi, 414, 540, 088, 689, 705, 712Oswegatches, vi, 714Oto (Otoes, Ottoes), i, 498, 523;in, 593 ; iv, 573 ; v, 494 ; vi, 688and Missourias, in, 609; vi,705, 706Ottawas (Ottowas, Outtamacks), i,478, 523; m, 583, 584, 591, 609,610 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vi, 271, 272,275, 688, 705, 714and Cbippewas (Chepawas),in, 610 ; vi, 705, 714and others, vi, 714of Maumee (1812), v, 708of Michigan Peninsula (1812),v, 708Outtagomies and others, vr, 714See also Foxes.Outtamacks and others, vc, 714See also Ottawas.Pacific Coast tribes, v, 487-489Padoucas. See Comanche.Pahvant (Parant Utahs), vr, 697Pailsh. See Copalis.Paint Town, i, 50SPaloos (Palooses, Palvas, Pelloat-pallah band, Pelouses, Se watpalla) , i, 521 ; in, 570, 632 ; v, 490,705, 706, 707 ; vi, 701Paluxies. See Biloxi.Parant Utahs. See Pahvant.Pascagoula, in, 585, 596
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 183Population, by tribes?ContinuedPassamaquoddies, I, 524; in, 583;vi, 688Paviotso (Pi-Utabs), v, 201, 498Pawnee, i, 523; m, 479-480, 595,609 ; iv, 573 ; v, 495 ; vi, 688, 705Pejodque Pueblo, vi, 688Pend d'Oreilles (Pond Orilles), in,632; v, 490, 705, 706, 707Lower, vi, 700Upper, vr, 700See also Kalispel.Pennacooks, v, 230Penn's Cove Indians, v, 705Penobscot, i, 524 ; m, 512, 583 ; vi,688Penointik-ara, i, 522Peonies, in, 592People of the Lakes. See Mdewa-kanton.People of the Leaves. See Wah-petum.Peorias (Piorias), i, 523; iv, 572;vi, 688, 714and Kaskaskias, ni, 609, 610;v, 495and others, vi, 705Pequots, vt, 117Piankashaw (Piankashas, Pianka-shaws, Piankeshaws, Pyanke-shaws), i, 523; in, 585, 592, 610;iv, 572 ; vi, 272, 275, 688, 714and others, v, 708 ; vr, 705and Weas, ni, 609 ; v, 495 ; vi,275Picallipannish, [Puyallup?] i, 521Picuris (Picaris), i, 519; in, 633;vi, 688, 709Piegans, vi, 688, 698Pillagers, v, 185, 707Pillar Rock, and others, v, 705Pishquitpahs, in, 570, 609Pisquows ( Pischoos, Piscahoose,Pisquouse) , I, 521 ; vi, 702and Okinakanes, v, 705 ; vr, 700Pist-chin, iv, 598Point St. Ignace, i, 458Pojoaque (Pogodque, Pojodque,Pojuaque) , i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 709Poncas (Puncahs), i, 523; in, 594,609 ; iv, 573 ; vi, 556, 688, 705Ponderas, Squiaelps. See Kalispel.
Population, by tribes?ContinuedPort Orchard Indians. See Kalis-pel.Port Townsend Indians. SeeChimakum.Potawatomi (Pattawatimas, Pot-tawatamies, Pottawatomies, Pot-tawattamies, Pottawattomies,Putawatimes), i, 488, 523; in,584, 610 ; iv, 572 ; v, 495 ; vr, 271,272, 275, 688, 705, 714Strolling, vr, 707of Chicago and Illinois (1812),v, 708of Huron, vi, 705of St. Joseph and the Huron(1812), v, 708Potoash, in, 571Priest's Rapids, v, 706Puans. See Winnebago.Pueblo, v, 484 ; vi, 705, 709Pueblo, of New Mexico, i, 519 ; in,633 ; vi, 688Puget's Sound Indians, iv, 598; v,484Puyallup (Pualli-paw-mish, Pual-liss, Pugallipamish, Puyallupam-ish, Puyyallopamish), iv, 598; v,491, 701, 703, 704Quack-ena-mish ( Quak-s'n-a-mish )
.
See Squaxon.Quaitso (Quieetsos), m, 571Quanusee. See Murphy.Quapaw, (Quapas, Quappas) , i, 498,523 ; in, 585, 594, 609, 610 ; iv, 574,495, 702 ; vi, 688, 705Quillequaquas, in, 632Quinaielt (Calasthocle, Quinailee,Quin-aitle, Quiniilts, Quenoil),i, 521 ; in, 571 ; v, 490, 703 ; vi, 703Quinnechart. See Makah.Red Wing's Village, i, 498Rees (Ricarees), See Arikara.Rock Island tribe, ni, 632 ; v, 707
;
vi, 700Rogue River Indians, v, 493Rogues or Rascally, in, 201Root Diggers, v, 493Russian River region, in, 634 ; vi,711Saaptins. See Nez Perces.Sackanoir. See Lakmiut.
184 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedSacramento Indians, in, 201Sacramento Valley Indians, vi, 688,710Sacs [Sauk] and Foxes, i, 488, 523 ;v, 495 ; vi, 414, 705Sacs [Sauk] of Missouri, in, 609Sagennom band, in, 570Saginaw ( Saganaws) , i, 458 ; v, 70SSab-aptin, iv, 551Sahaptins, in, 632Sabewamisb ( Sa-beb-wa-mish ofSay-hay-ma-mish, Sehebwamish),iv, 598 ; v, 703, 704 ; vi, 703St. Jobn's Indians, in, 583St. Regis, i, 441; in, 583; iv, 603,604, 607 ; v, 504 ; vi, 689, 705, 707Sa-ku-me-bu (Sock-a-muke), rv,598; v, 704; vi, 703Salish, i, 521 ; v, 490 ; vi, 688, 701Samamisb (Sab-ma-misb), iv, 59S ;v, 703 ; vi, 703Samisb, v, 491, 704 ; vi, 703San Antonio de Padua, i, 520San Buenaventura, i, 520San Carlos de Monterey, i, 520Sandia, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 688, 709San Diego, i, 520San Domingo, i, 519San Felipe, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 688709San Fernando, i, 520San Francisco mission, i, 520San Gabriel, i, 520San Ildefonso, i, 519; in, 633; vi,688, 709San Jose, i, 520San Juan, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 683,709San Juan Bautista, i, 520San Juan Capistrano, i, 520San Luis Obispo, i, 520San Luis Key de Francia, i, 520San Miguel, i, 520Sanpoil (Hebighenimmo ; Hibig-henimmo, Linpoilisb, Sempoiles,Senpoils), i, 521; in, 200 (map),572, 609 ; v, 706 ; vi, 688, 701Sansarcs, v, 494Sans Puelles, v, 706Santa Ana i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 688Santa Barbara, i, 520
Population, by tribes?ContinuedSanta Clara, i, 519, 520; in, 633;vi, 688, 709Santa Cruz, i, 520Santa Dominga, in, 633 ; vi, 6S8, 709Santana, vi, 709Santee (Isanyati), i, 248Saponi (Sapoones, Sapoonies), v,688; vi, 714Satsika, iv, 560Sauk (Sacs) , in, 259, 562, 593, 609
;
iv, 572 ; vi, 272Sauk and Fox, i, 4SS, 523 ; in, 584
;
v, 495 ; vi, 414, 705Saukeys [Sauk] and otbers, vi, 714Sa-wa-misb v, 703 ; vi, 703Schwo-Yelpi. See Colville.Sciota Valley, i, 73Sekani (Sicaunies), n, 28Semiahmoo (Birch Bay Indians,Shimiahmoo), v, 491, 704, 705;vi, 703Seminoles, i, 522, 524 ; m, 610 ; iv,574, vi, 479, 688, 705Seminoles and otbers, in, 584, 597Senecas, i, 441; in, 583, 590, 609,610; iv, 528, 574, 603, 604, 605,606 ; v, 495, 505, 668 ; vi, 275, 705,707, 714, 718and Shawnees, in, 609, 610 ; v,495 ; vr, 705and Sbawnees of Neosho, iv,590of Alleghany, vi, 688of Buffalo, vi, 688of Cattaragus, vi, 688of Neosho, iv, 590of Sandusky, v, 708; vi, 705of Tonawanda, vi, 688Shabaka (Shabalah), ni, 570, 609Shallattoos (Shal lat tos), ra, 572;v, 706Shanwappom (Chan wap pan,Shamwappoms, in, 572 ; v, 706Shaste, in, 201Shawnees (Shawanese, Shawanoes,Shawnese), i, 441, 48S, 518, 524;in, 5S3, 585, 591, 609, 610, 625;iv, 572, 574, 606 ; v, 495 ; vi, 271,272, 275, 688, 699, 705, 714Shawnees and Delawares, vr, 708Shawnees of Ohio and Indiana(1812) v, 70S
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 185Population, by tribes?ContinuedShinecocks, vi, 688Shipaulovi (Juparivi), i, 519Shobarboobeer, ni, 572Shokomish, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Sho-mam-ish (S'honiamish), iv,598 ; v, 703, 704 ; vi, 703Shoshoni (Shosbonee, Shoshonees,Sbosbones, Shosbonies, Snake,Sosbawnese), i, 199, 521, 522 ; m,570, 572, 597, 609 ; v, 493, 494, 498,556 ; vi, 688, 689, 697, 701S'botle-ma-mish ( Sroo-tle-mamish )
,
iv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703Sboto, in, 570Sichomovi (Cbemovi), i, 458Siksika, See Blackfeet.Silela (Shallala, Sballalab), m,571, 609; v, 706Silla, in, 633Silla, Pueblo de, i, 519Sinamish of Whidley's Island, vi,701Sioux, i, 524; ni, 594, 609, 614, 629,631 ; v, 701 ; vi, 275, 276, 688, 707and others (1812), v, 70Sdecline in, in, 242of the Mississippi, vi, 705of the Missouri, vi, 705of tbe Plains, vi, 705Sisseton (Sissitons), in, 563Siuslaw (Sbeastuckles), in, 571Six Nations, vi, 718Skaddall (Skaddalls, Skaddals),in, 572, 609 ; v, 706Skagit (Skadjets, Skagats, Skagets,Skagots), I, 521; iv, 598; v, 701,704 ; vi, 688, 701, 703.S'ke-tehl-mish, v, 703; vi, 703Skibwamisb ( Skea-wa-rnish, Skey-sehaniish, Skeywhainish, Skey-wbomish, Sky-wba-niish), i, 521;iv, 598 ; v, 701, 704 ; vi, 688, 701,703Skilloot (Caloait, Calooit), i, 521;in, 571, 609 ; vi, 701Skitswisb (Coeur d'Alenes, Courd'Alenes, Cour d'Aliens, Skeetso-mish, Sketsornish, Skitmish), in,572, 609, 632 ; v, 490, 705, 706, 707
;
vi, 700, 701Skokomish ( Hokamish, Sko-sko-mish), iv, 598; v, 701; vi, 687
Population, by tribes?ContinuedSkomaniish (Homamisb, Homan-ish), i, 521; vi, 701Skope-ab-mish, v, 703; vi, 703Sk-tab-le-jum (Skuck-stan-a-jumps), iv, 598; v, 704; vi, 703Smacksbop ( Smakshop, Srnocks-kop), in, 570; v, 708Sma-leh-hu, v, 704 ; vi, 703Smulkamisb ( Smel-ka-misb ) , v,703 ; vi, 703Snake Indians (Snakes). See Sho-shoni.Snakes proper, v, 498Sno-ho-mish ( Sinaahaniish, Sina-bamish, Sinaheinish, Sinahomisb,Sinnamish) , i, 521 ; iv, 598 ; v, 701.704 ; vi, 688, 703Snoqualrnu ( Snoqualamiek, Sno-qual-a-muk, Snoqualimich, Sno-qualmick, Snoqualmook, i, 521
;
iv, 598 ; v, 704 ; vi, 689, 701, 703Snoquamish, i, 521 ; iv, 598 ; vi, 689,701Sock-a-muke. See Sa-ku-nie-hu.Socorro, vi, 689Socorro, Pueblo de, i, 519Sokulk (Lokulk), m, 570, 609; v,706Soledad, i, 520Sonoma Valley, in, 634Sosbawnese or Snake Indians.See Shoshoni.Souriquois (Souriquois of St.John). See Micmac.Sowans, vi, 556, 689Soyennow (Sagennoni) band, in,570Spokan (Laiiielo, Lartielo, Spo-kanes, Sinhumanish), i, 521; in,572, 609, 632 ; v, 707 ; vi, 700Spokanes, v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; vi,700, 701Squalli-ah-mish, vi, 703. See Nis-qualli.Squa-na-mish, iv, 598Squannaroos (Squam a cross), in,572 ; v, 700Squaxon (Quck-ena-mish, Quak-s'n-a-mish) , iv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703Squaxon (Squaks'namish), v, 704Squiatl (Squai-aitl), v, 703; vi, 703Squi-na-misb, v, 704 ; vi, 703
186 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedSroo-tle-mam-ish, iv, 598Staitan (Marlain or Kite, Martinor Kite), in, 596, 609Staktamish (Staktomish). -SeeKwaiailk.Stebllums [Stebtlums], v, 491, 703;vi, 703Stehtsasamich ( Steb-cba-sa-misb,Stitcheo-saw-mish, Turn Water),iv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703Steila-coom-a-mish (Steilacoom-isb), v, 491, 703; vi, 703Stilla-qua-niish ( Stolucbwamisb )
,
iv, 598; v, 491, 704; vi 703St-ka-misb [Sekaniisb], v, 703; vi,703Stockbridges, i, 488, 524; in, 583;iv, 572 ; v, 495; vi, 689, 705, 707Stonington, in, 583Sualtine. See Atfalati.Suchamier. See Lakmiut.Sugwaundugahwininewug (BoisForte bands, Tbick Woodsmen),H, 139 ; vi, 692Suiaton and Wapaton Sioux, vi, 707Sumopavi, i, 519Suquamisb ( Soquanrish ) , v, 700,703, 704; vi, 703Suquamisb and Toanda, v, 705Susquehannocks. See Conestoga.Swo-da-mish, v, 704 ; vi, 703Tacquimenon River Indians, i, 45STacullies, n, 28Tahwaccarros [Tawakoni] andothers, vi, 708Taitinapam (Tai-tin-a-pam, Taiti-napan, Tintinapain), v, 490, 703;vi, 703Tanoquevi. See Hano.Taos, in, 633 ; vi, 689, 709Taos, Pueblo de, i, 519Taos Utahs, vi, 697Tawakoni (Tahwaccaros, Tah-wae-Carras, Tawacarros, Towacarros,Towoekonies), in, 635; v, 712;vi, 689, 699, 705, 708Taw-nu-nuk's band, i, 498Tejon Reservations, vr, 715Tenpenny Utahs. -See Tiinpaia-vats.Tesuque, in, 633 ; vi, 689, 709
Population, by tribes?ContinuedTetons (Tetans), i, 524; in, 563; v,494; vi, 556, 689Texas, in, 635Texas Indians, i, 518, 523; v, 483Texas tribes, southwestern, v, 702Thick Woodsmen. -See Sugwaun-dugahwininewug.Thlingehadinne (Dog Ribs), n, 27Tillamook (Hilleamuck, Kita-mukes, Killamucks ) , i, 521; in,201, 571, 609, 632 ; v, 492 ; vi, 687,701Timpaiavats (Tenpenny Utahs) , vi,697Tlakluit (Echeloot, Eskeloot, Tel-huemit, Tilhualwits, Tilhulhwit),in, 570, 609; v, 706; vi, 702Tlatskanai (Claskstar, Clataca-min, Clatsacamin, Clatsaconin),i, 521 ; in, 570, 632 ; vi, 606, 687,689, 701Toanda and Suquamish, v, 705
-See also Twana.Toanbooch, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Tonawandas, vi, 689Tonkawas (Toncahiras, Tonka-hiras), i, 518; in, 635, 705; vi,689, 708Totonie bands (Tototen, Tototins).See Tututni.Towacarros [Tawakoni], Keechies,and Wacoes, vi, 705T'qua-qua-mish, v, 703 ; vi, 703Trinity Indians, in, 634Troy Indians, in, 583Tsillawadoot, n, 28. -See Etcheri-diegottine.Tuahno, i, 521Tuanoh, v, 701Tularenos (Tula or Tulara), in,201Turn Waters. -See Clowwewalla.Turn Water. -See Stehtsasamich.Tuscaroras, i, 444 ; in, 583 ; iv, 603,604, 606 ; v, 504, 668 ; vi, 6S9, 705,707, 714, 718Tushepaw (Tushepah, Tushshe-pahs), in, 572, 609; v, 706Tuthkuthkutchin (Deagothee Loo-choo), ii, 28Tututni (Totonie bands, Tototen,Tototins) , v, 492, 493 ; vi, 689, 702
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 187Population, by tribes?ContinuedTwana (Toanda, Toanhooch,Twanoh, Wood's Canal, Tu-a-noocb, Tucanoh), iv, 598; v, 491;vi, 6S9, 701, 703Twightwees. See Miami.Uchees. See Yuchi.Uinta (Ewinte, Uwinty Utahs), v,498 ; vi, 697Ulseahs. See Alsea.Umatilla (Utillas), v, 493Umpquas. See Kuitsh.Upper Chinooks, v, 703, 706Upper Creeks, v, 483Upper Platte Agency, vi, 713Upper Qualla Towns, i, 508Upsarokas. See Crows.Utah Territory tribes, i, 522 ; v, 498
;
vi, 705Utchees. See Yuchi.Ute (Eutahs of New Mexico, UtahIndians, Utahs), I, 519, 522; iv,596 ; v, 484, 485, 498 ; vi, 689, 697,705Uwinty Utahs. See Uinta.Vancouvers. See Klikitat.Village of the Cross, i, 478Wachucknas. See Michopdo.Waco (Wacoes, Wacos, Waecoes,Whacoes), i, 240, 518; in, 635; v,712 ; vr, 689, 699and others, vi, 708Keechies, and Towacarros, vr,705Wahkiacums, in, 571, 609Wahowpum (Wah how pum), m,570, 609 ; v, 706Wahpetun (People of the Leaves),iii, 563Waishkee's Bay, i, 458Waitlatpu, v, 706See also Cayuse.Wakanasisi (Wakanascecies),i, 521Walla wallas (Wallawollah, Wollahwollah, Wollawollah), i, 521; in,507, 609, 632 ; v, 490, 493, 705, 706,707 ; vi, 700, 701Wandering tribes, vi, 705Wappatoo. See Atfalati.Wasco (Wascopams, Wascopan,Wascopaws, Wascos), i, 521; in,632 ; v, 493 ; vi, 701Washbashas. See Osage.936706?54 13
Population, by tribes?ContinuedWashington Territory (Indians), v,490-^91, 703-707Washington Territory tribes, vi,689, 705Watlala (Cascades), in, 632; v,490, 493, 705, 706 ; vi, 700, 701Waulatpus. See Cayuse.Wayondotts [Huron] and others, vr,714Weas, i, 488, 524 ; ni, 585, 592, 609,610 ; iv, 572 ; vr, 272and others, v, 708 ; vi, 705and Piankashaws, vi, 275Wheelappas. See Willopah.Wheelpo. See Colville.Whistanatin. See Khwaishtunne-tunneWiam (Wyampam), i, 521; vi, 702Wichitas (Witchetaws, Witchitas),i, 518 ; m, 635 ; v, 712 ; vi, 689, 705and others, vr, 708Wild mountain tribes, i, 520Willamette Indians, i, 521 ; vr, 701See also Clowewalla.Willetpos. See Cayuse.Willewah (Grande Ronde), in,570 ; v, 706Willopah (Wheelappas), m, 632Winnebago (Puans, Winnebagoes),i, 498 ; in, 282-283, 562, 584, 593,609, 610 ; iv, 228 ; vi, 271, 272, 689,704, 705, 707western Michigan (1812), v,708Wiyondotts and others, vi, 714See also Huron.Wiyot (Wee-yot), ni, 127Wolf Town, i, 508Wyampam. See Wiam.Wyandots. See Huron.Wyandots of Ohio and Michigan(1812), v, 708Yacaws. See Makah.Yahach (Youitts), in, 571Yahshute. See Chemetunne.Yakima (Cutsahnim, Cutsanim,Yacaaws, Yacamas, Yackaws,Yackimas, Yakama, Yakamas), i,521 ; in, 572, 609, 632 ; v, 490, 705,706, 707 ; vr, 700, 702Yam Hill Indians, i, 521; vi, 689,701
188 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Population, by tribes?ContinuedYampapas, vi, 697Yankton (Ihanktonwan, Yanc-tonas, Yanctons, Yanctonwas,Yanktons), i, 249; in, 563; vi,556, 6S9Yankton Sioux, v, 494Yankton, Teton, and CheyenneSioux, vi, 707Yanktonas [Yanktonai], v, 494Yaquina (Youikcones), in, 571Yatasi (Yaltasse, Yattapo), in,585, 596Yeletpo band. See Cayuse.Yuchi (Uchees, Utchees), i, 522;vi, 689Yukichetunne (Euquachee, Yuqua-che), v, 493; vi, 702Yuma (Umahs), i, 519Yumpatick-ara, i, 522Yupu (Yubas), vi, 710Yutas, I, 244, 245Grande Uinta River, vi, 689Southern, vi, 689See also Ute.Zuni, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; v, 484 ; vi, 689,709Population. See also Census; De-population ; and under names ofMissions, Reservations, States,Territories, and Tribal names.Population, United States, according toStates, ii, 607 ; rv, 610and statistics, i, 433-^37; v, 479-486white, New England in 1673, vi, 152Porcupine Mountains, illustration show-ing, iv, 187Port Discovery Indians, population, v,490; vi, 703Port Discovery, tribe at, vi, 703Port Orchard Indians, population, v,705Port Orford Agency, census report, vi,702Port Orford, tribes, vr, 702Port Stuart Indians, v, 489census, v, 489language, v, 489Port Townsend Indians, population, v,491, 705Port Townsend, tribe located at, vi, 703
Porter, P. B., in, 2S2 ; vi, 376information from, ni, 587-588, 590-59SPoscopsahe, a Mandan chief, in, 249Posey, Col., charge against Creeks, vi,319Potanon, vr, 74Potato, brief history, vi, 617reference to discovery, vi, 562wild, of the Navajo, iv, 212used by Bonaks, rv, 222See also Dacotah potato.Potawatamies. See Potawatomies.Potawatomies (Pattawatimas, Potawa-tamies, Potowatomies, Pottawa-tamies, Pottawatomies, Pottawat-tamies, Pottawattomies, Potta-wottomies, Pottowattomies), in,277, 278 ; vi, 237, 452aUiance with Menomonie, i, 304annuities, n, 587, 588, 589appropriations for, n, 564armistice granted to, vi, 364at Braddock's defeat, vr, 217, 218brief account of, in, 560census, m, 621-628Chicago garrison massacred by,vi, 359chief, vi, 386classification, n, 36; in, 401cranial capacity, v, 244measurements, n, 335creation myth, i, 320Detroit, warriors, vi, 271fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 720,721, 722, 723funds required for, n, 572-573general condition, iv, 466-467 ; vi,547-548Huron, census of, i, 4S8-497location, vi, 705population, vi, 692, 705statistics, vi, 721, 723Indiana, treaty with, v, 499investments for, n, 561lands, rv, 572ceded by, n, 602, 603, 604; vi,393-395, 445, 505claimed, in, 584disposal of, vi, 554purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600, 601statistics on, n, 605, 606
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 189Potawatomies?Continuedleague with other tribes, vi, 485letters from country of, i, 157-158location, in, 584, 591; iv, 461; v,495 ; vi, 33, 275, 385, 705maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180
;
vi, 519members of Pontiac's Confederacy,ii, 242, 307 ; vi, 243missionary work among, v, 699 ; vi,734, 735, 738, 740name, meaning of, i, 308 ; v, 40, 145synonomy, v, 41, 192not an independent tribe, v, 40peace sought by, vr, 343picture writing, i, 338population, i, 523 ; in, 584, 591, 610
;
iv, 572; v, 495, 70S; vi, 271, 272,275, 688, 692, 693, 707Prairie, population, vi, 693treaty with, v, 499religious beliefs, i, 320removal, iv, 485; v, 495; vr, 497,505-506, 516St. Joseph, population, vi, 693warriors, vi, 271Strolling, population, vr, 707tin in country, i, 157-158treaties with, v, 499; vr, 255, 330,334, 380, 421, 458Wabash, population, vi, 693treaty with, v, 499warriors, estimate of, in, 560; vr,271West, census of, i, 488-197westward movement, v, 192 ; vr, 488See also Pauteauamis; Pedadu-mies ; Po-da-wand-um-ee ; PouxPowtawatamis ; Putawatimes.Potawatomi language. See Pottawa-tomie language.Potico, Mr., Hurons guided by, n, 242Potier, Father, ii, 266mediations, n, 264Potoashs, location, in, 571population, in, 571Potomac River region Indians, v, 35-36Potomac tribes, amulet worn by, i, 94artifacts, illustrated, i, 80Potosi, mentioned, iv, 278, 279, 322, 324Potowatomies. See Potawatomies.Po-to-yan-te tribe, origin myth, iv, 224-225
Pots, basketry, i, 211stone, i, 211See also Pottery.Potsherds, illustration, vr, 630villages located by, in, 76Pottawatamies, Pottawatomies, Potta-wattamies, Pottawattomies, Pot-tawottomies, Pottowattomies.See Potawatomies.Pottawatomie (Pottawattomie) lan-guage, a distinct dialect, n, 35SAlgonquin dialect, n, 341, 358list of publications in, iv, 539Pottawattamie, Kanzas, mission at, v,503Potter, occupation of, in, 81Potter, Mr., cited on Pennacooks, v, 217Potter's wheel, antiquity, iv, 139discovered in Georgia, in, 79lack of evidence of, vi, 611Pottery, I, 81-82 ; in, 84aboriginal, brief account, iv, 663aboriginal periods indicated by, iv,139-140Algonquin, i, 81-82ancient, quality, iv, 140antique, in, 75-82Aztec, vi, 589Mexican, vr, 580, 588-589area covered by fragments, iv, 140Casa Grande, in, 300, 302, 305ceremonial, from Florida, i, 94coiled, Creek, v, 692Congaree, description, iv, 161-168connection with corn, i, 61cooking pot or aTceelc, i, 81decline in use, iv, 122Florida, in, 79-80ceremonial, i, 94coasts of, in, 75-82illustrations, in, 80quality, in, 82from burials, i, 84from coast of Georgia, in, 75-82from South Carolina, n, 89from the Gila, illustrated, vi, 69lack of glazing in, rv, 139-140Lake Superior, quality, in, 82making of, by women, i, 81Mexican and Peruvian hand-made,iv, 139migration traced by, in, 76Moquis, in, 299
190 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Pottery?Continuedmortuary, i, 83-84 ; iv, 161illustrated, i, 85Peruvian, described, iv, 438Pueblo, illustrated, iv, 435two eras shown in, rv, 435punctured when buried, i, 84 ; in, 77Rio Gila, described, in, 83-85illustrated, in, 83rude ancient, found in Missouri, in,274-275See also Pots.Pottowattomies. See Potawatomies.Poughkeepsie, ancient name of, ni, 530derivation of name, iv, 379Poux (Pous), a name for the Pottawat-tomies, v, 41, 192at the siege of Detroit, n, 242, 243,247, 248, 252, 258, 259, 274, 275,279, 281, 283, 293, 295, 296, 297,301, 302great council at village of, n, 248See also Potawatomies.Powel, Col., garrison commanded by, atNiagara, ni, 334Powhatan (Powhattan), i, 72; in, 57;rv,613character, vi, 97, 98death, vi, 744policy toward settlers, vi, 97real position, iv, 481wars of brothers, vi, 89Powhatan Confederacy, estimated popu-lation, v, 36location of tribes, vi, 83See also Powhatanic tribes.Powhatan Indians (Powhattans, Pow-hattanese), v, 122classification, in, 401dress of women, in, 65reference to language, n, 36 ; m, 96Powhatanic tribes, account of, vi, 85-88confederacy, vi, 83extinction, v, 481See also Powhatan Confederacy.Powhattanese, Powhattans. See Pov.-hatan Indians.Powrys of Brazil, stature, n, 318Powtewatamis, country occupied, in,559warriors, estimate of, in, 556, 559See also Potawatomi.
Pow-wows, hunting charms, v, 76name of Algonquin priests, vr, 109use of charmed medicines, v, 76Prairie du Chien, treaty made at, vi.421-422Prairie fires, effect, i, 270 ; n, 128, 173Prairie Indians, a name for the Kicka-poos and Miscotins, v, 41Prairie Minnetarees, mentioned, vi, 68fPrairie tribes, color, vi, 573customs, ii, 70, 71physical powers, in, 213Pratt, Senator, of Maryland, Indianlegislation discussed by, v, 469,470-471Prayer, Caddo form of, v, 685nature of, among Indians, ni, 226,237See also Lord's Prayer.Prayer-stick, use of the term, i, 355Praying Indians, community, v, 225first settlement, vr, 107origin of name, vi, 152Presbyterian Board of Foreign Mis-sions, mentioned, ni, 256, 259Presbyterian Church, missions estab-lished, v, 502 ; vi, 739plea for aid to mission, vi, 548work among Choctaws, vr, 524Prescott, Miss, iv, 511Prescott, P., Sioux census revised by,v, 701-702Prescott, Philander, Dacotahs discussedby, n, 168-199; in, 225-246; iv,59-72qualifications, n, 168sacrifice described by, iv, 51vocabulary by, n, 206Presque Isle, battle at, with Indians, vi,340capture of, n, 286change of garrison, vr, 344Washington's mission to, vr, 213-214Press made of basketry, described, rv,445-446Pretty Woman Town, census of, i, 508-517Prideaux, Gen., Niagara besieged by,vi, 234Priesthood, Spanish, fraud practiced by,v, 93
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 191
Priests or jugglers, fear of, n, 196functions, iv, 640harm done by, iv, 637office of, among the Dacotas, n,198-199power, ii, 184status among Creeks, I, 277See also Medicine-man; Prophet.Priest's Rapids, population, v, 706Primary Band of Sault Ste. Marie,census of, i, 458-467
"Prince," Indian, use of title by earlywriters, in, 41Pring, Capt, mention of voyage of, vi,96Pringle, John, illustration showing hairof, ni, 377Printed Hearts. See Conerd Helene.Prior, Indian population estimated by,v, 484Prisoners. See Captives.Pritchard, cited, vi, 614Proctor, Col. Thomas, peace mission of,v, 668Proctor, Gen., at battle of the Thames,vi, 357flight from Amhertsburg, vi, 363pursuit and defeat of, vi, 363Propagation of Christian knowledge,Hon. Society in Scotland for,work of, vi, 734, 735, 736Property, buried with the dead, i, 355;n,68descent of, among the Dacotas, n,194offerings of, v, 168-169Property rights, California and OregonIndians, in, 210Comanches, i, 232Creeks, i, 282-283Dacotas, n, 193-194lack of interest in, i, 207Prophet, The. See Elskatawa.Prophets, activities, rv, 495Chippewa, v, 189office of, I, 359, 388-389, 414rise to power, i, 114secret society of, v, 71See also Jossakeed.Prostitution, punishment for, v, 654Protestant Episcopal Board of Missions,work among Indians, v, 502
Protestant Episcopal Church of theU. S., missions, vi, 737Puallis (Pualli-paw-mish) Indians, lan-guage, iv, 600location, rv, 598population, iv, 598See also Puyallupamish.Puan Bay, tribes living about, vi, 714Puanis (Puants) French names forWinnebagoes, ni, 277 ; vi, 271Puans (Puants), m, 556country occupied, in, 559population, vi, 272totems, m, 556warriors, estimate of, in, 556, 559See also Winnebagoes.Puaray. See Tigouex.Puberty customs, vi, 633-634, 664Chippewa, I, 391fasts, object of, v, 196Ojibwa, ii, 138Puberty dance, of California tribes, v,215Public lands, statements regarding, n,590-592Public square. See Squares.Puckagama, Falls of, named by theChippewas, i, 142Puebla, State of, antiquities, vi, 582Pueblo Indians, vi, 6S8burial customs, rv, 78called "civilized tribes," I, 245costumes, iv, 76-77country occupied, vi, 705domestic arts, iv, 76dwellings, rv, 76, 82feature of vocabulary, m, 406government, iv, 76higher civilization, iv, 216languages, v, 689map showing location, n, 28missionary work among, v, 503 ; vi,734, 740numeration, in, 457-459population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; v, 484
;
vi, 688, 705, 709recommendations concerning, n, 556revolt against Spaniards, v, 206settlements, rv, 216spinning and weaving, illustrated,vi, 71supposed origin, iv, 77weaving, illustrated, iv, 436 ; vi, 71
192 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Pueblo (Tusuque, Zufii) language, nu-merals of, iv, 429-431vocabulary, ni, 446-459Pugasainjigun, mentioned, v, 185Puget Sound Indians, and Chihalis,population, v, 705census, v, 704description, iv, (500-601list of, iv, 598population, v, 4S4report on, iv, 598-602Pujari, an upper California language,in, 402Pulairih, listed as a linguistic family,in, 402Puncahs. See Puncas.Puncapaugs, affiliations, vr, 150Puncas (Puncahs), classification, in,402lands, iv, 573population, iv, 573See also Poncas.Punishment, among Comanches, rr, 130,132among Creeks, i, 276 ; v, 2S1-282among Navajoes, iv, 211among Oregon Indians, v, 653attitude toward certain forms of,iv, 482capital, among Creeks, I, 276double, discussion, iv, 471for depredations, discussed, iv, 474for murder, i, 277of children, n, 196 ; v, 273-274See also Retaliation ; Vengeance.Punkapog, Indians at, i, 287Purchas, extract from writings, iv, 454Purification, necessary for ceremonies,v, 170rites, v, 423-424Puritans, arrival in America, vi, 178See also Pilgrims.Pushmataha, a Choctaw district, iv, 582I'utawatimes (Putawatimies), dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vi, 714missionary labors among, v, 698population, vi, 714warriors, estimate of, in, 556See also Potawatomies.Putnam, Gen., vi, 602Putnam, Gen. Rufus, iv, 131
Puyallup. See Puallis ; Puyallupamish.Puyallup River, Indians on, vi, 703Puyallupamish (Pugallipamish, Puyal-lopamish), brief account of, v,701census, v, 704location, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 491, 703 ; vr, 703See also Puallis.Pyankeshaws and others, dwellinggrounds, vi, 714hunting grounds, vr, 714population, vi, 714See also Piankashaws.Pyesa, father of Black Hawk, vr, 447Pygmies, ii, 318conclusion concerning, n, 319Pyramids, American form, v, 29of Mexico, vi, 5S3-584probable development, i, 342Pyrlaeus, missionary, v, 680QQiquate, reached by De Soto, vi, 66Qpquive. See Opquive.Quack-ena-mish, location, iv, 598population, iv, 598Quacolth, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census v, 488Quacolth language, tribes speaking, v,488Quaghtagies, reference to, vr, 232Quahtoma (Quahtomah, Quakouwahs,Quatomah, Quatouwahs), censusof, v, 492location, vr, 702maps showing, ni, 96, 200population, vi, 702See also Saquaacha.Qua i nu, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488Quaitso. See Quieetsos.Quakouwahs. See Quahtoma.Quak-s'n-a-mish. See Quash-sua-mish.Qualla Towns, Upper, census of, i, 508-517Qualliamish (Quallyarnish) vi, 688population, i, 521 ; vi, 688See also Nisqually ; Squalliamish.Quallyarnish. See Qualliamish.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 193Qua ne, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe,v, 488census, v, 488Quapas. See Quapaws.Quapaws (Quapas, Quappas, Quppas),vi, 423, 522affiliations, iv, 550allies of the French, vi, 237and Senecas, acres owned, vi, 519annuities, n, 585attacked by De Soto, in, 48census, i, 498-507classification, m, 402; iv, 321condition after removal, vi, 538general, iv, 472descendants of Rapahas, rv, 591De Soto in the range of, n, 35encountered by De Soto, n, 37funds required for, n, 573indigenous to Kansas, v, 495; vi,536in the Dacota group, n, 37intrusion on territory of, iv, 485Kapahas identical with, iv, 310lands, iv, 574acquired, vi, 480ceded, n, 604claims sold, in, 585granted permanently to, v, 457purchased from, n, 595, 598,599, 600relinquished by, vr, 455statistics on, n, 606linguistic affinities, i, 248location, i, 498 ; in, 585, 594 ; iv, 461
;
v, 495 ; vi, 705maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180vi, 519migration tradition, v, 98of Siouan stock, i, 197opposition to schools, iv, 478population, i, 523 ; ni, 585, 594, 609,610 ; iv, 574 ; v, 495, 702 ; vi, 68S705removal, vi, 516condition after, vi, 538report on condition of, rv, 591-592treaty with, v, 499 ; vi, 410, 458, 461See also Arkansas ; Kapahas.Quappas. See Quapaws.Quarrelers or Loo-choos (Loucheux),classification, in, 401 ; v, 172language, n, 27 ; in, 542
Quarries, Indian, pipe material, iv, 142-143See also Mines.Quartz, mill for grinding, v, 112Quash-sua-mish (Quak-s'n-a-mish), lan-guage, rv, 600location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Squahsinawmish.Quas sad harjo, a Creek chief, rv, 576Quathlapohtle, location, in, 571population, in, 571Quatomah. See Quahtoina.Quatouwahs. See Quahtoina.Quat si nu, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 489census, v, 489Quebec, origin of name, v, 40 ; vi, 235-236Quee ah, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Quee he Qna colt, a Queen CharlotteSound tribe, v, 488census, v, 488Queen Catharine. See Montour, Cath-arine.Queen Charlotte's Islands, census ofIndians, v, 489language, v, 489tribes, v, 689Queen Charlotte Sound, census of tribes,v, 488-^89Indian names of tribes, v, 488-489language of tribes, v, 488tribes, v, 488-489Queen Esther, an account of, v, 671-672confused with Catharine Montour,v, 670, 671, 672death, v, 673Queniolts (Quenoil), included withChinooks, vi, 686population, i, 521Quenoil. See Queniolts.Querchos. See Querechos.Querechos (Querchos, Querehos), vr, 72encountered by Coronado's expedi-tion, rv, 36map showing location of, iv, 39met by Coronado, iv, 30nomadic life, iv, 30probable identity, iv, 30, 35Querehos. See Querechos.
194 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Quesada, Don Juan de, Governor of St.Augustine, v, 261Quetzalcoatl, i, 13, 18, 19, 22 ; v, 102benign influence, v, 105derivation of name, v, 105Mexican empire begun under, I, 22not Aztec, but Toltec, i, 21worship of, vi, 640-641Que-we-san-sish, n, 165Qui a han less, census of, v, 489language, v, 489Quick sut i nut, a Queen CharlotteSound tribe, v, 488census, v, 488Quieetsos, location, in, 571population, in, 571Quie ha Ne cub ta, a Queen CharlotteSound tribe, v, 488census, v, 4S8Quigalta. See Chigantalgi; Quigual-tangi.Quigaltangi (Quigualtanji), fire-wor-ship practiced, iv, 123identity, m, 49 ; v, 63sun worship, v, 63Quigaute. See Quiguate.Quigualtanji. See Quigualtangi.Quiguate, a village on De Soto's march,ni, 50departure of De Soto from, rv, 320,321Quilleoueoquas ( Quillequaquas), mapshowing location, in, 200population, hi, 632See also Ouillequegaws.Quimare mission, Barcelona Province,rv, 556Quinaielt. See Calasthocle ; Queniolts
;
Quinaitle.Quinaitle (Quinailee, Quinilts), loca-tion, ni, 571 ; v, 490, 703 ; vi, 703population, in, 571 ; v, 490, 703 ; vi,703Quinalee. See Quinaitle.Quiniilts. See Quinaitle.Quinipiac, cranial measurements, n, 335Quinnechart nation, location, ra, 571population, m, 571Quinney, John, translation by, rv, 539Quinnipiac. See Quinipiac.
Quipana (Quipano), a name for thePawnee, ni, 50De Soto in country of, vi, 67identified as Pawnees, rv, 310See also Pawnee.Quires (Quirix) province, identification,iv, 39map showing location, rv, 39party sent to, rv, 29pueblos composing, rv, 35Quivera (Gran Quivera ; Grand Qui-vera), v, 107expedition to, rv, 28-31location, rv, 30, 37ruins, rv, 37 ; v, 208Quivers, illustrations, m, 69materials used for, in, 69Quoratem, m, 147population, ni, 151Quoratem language, extent of, in, 151Quppas. See Quapaws.RRabbit, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578Rabbit feast, a religious ceremonial,iv, 78Rabbit hunt, community, rv, 78Races of mankind, classification, rv,355-357variations in, rv, 360-365See also Mankind.Racing. See Runners.Rafn, Mr. (Professor), i, 107inscription identified by, vi, 610Rafts, made of bulrushes, m, 218made of tul6, in, 107Shoshonee, described, i, 214See also Balza.Railroad expedition, progress, rv, 181Rain, belief concerning, iv, 91dance for, Moqui, rv, S3-85Rainy Lake, tribes on, vr, 33Rakawana, use of the term, in, 62Raleigh, Sir Walter, n, 22expedition organized by, vi, 82-84tobacco introduced by, into Eng-land, i, 72; v, 65trial and death, vi, 95Ramsey, Gov., peace preserved by, n,548
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 195Rand, Rev. S. T., Lord's Prayer by, inMilicete language, v, 592Micrnac vocabulary, v, 578vocabulary of numerals, v, 691Rank, among tribes, rr, 170 ; v, 136See also Caste.Rappabannock, discussion of name, vi,177Raritans, a division of tbe Lenno Lena-pees, vr, 147Rascally. See Rogues.
"Rascals," a name for the Crows, vi,686Rask, Prof., v, 34Rasle, Sebastian, vi, 156, 734death, vi, 175work among Abinakies, vr, 174-175Rasselman, Ludwig, rv, 341Rastra, or quartz mill, recovery of, v,112Rattles, description, rv, 71illustrations, n, 514used at dances, rv, 74used in curing tbe sick, n, 179, 180Rattlesnake, belief concerning, rv, 238Rauch, Christian Henry, missionarywork of, v, 680-6S1Raumbault, Charles, explorations, v,647Rawlinson, Maj. H. C, mention of work,1,428Ray, Capt., i, 25Reaume, J., Hi, 366, 367Recollects (or Reformed Franciscans)missionary work, vi, 734Recollect Rapids, naming of, vr, 648Recording, Indian method of, rr, 222-228See also Inscriptions.Red and Missouri Rivers, Indian landsbetween, v, 501Red Cap, an Oppegach chief, described,rii, 149Red-headed Magician, story of, i, 323Red Jacket, in, 22, 57 ; rv, 345, 563 ; v,411; vi, 647at Canandaigua council, vi, 326information furnished by, v, 669oratory of, rrr, 198 ; v, 518portrait of, in, 198 ; vr, 377reference to speech, v, 667reminiscences of, v, 669stature, rv, 350
Redman and Case, r, 173Red River, tribes on, vr, 556Red Rock, aims of mission at, v, 697Red Sticks, use of term, vr, 376Red Stone Old Fort, account, rrr, 340Red towns, Creek, governed by war-riors, v, 279Redwing's band (Red Wing band), aMedawakanton band, rrr, 613listed as one of Seven Fires, n, 169Red Wing's Village, census of, r, 498-507missionaries at, v, 697Redwood forest, described, rrr, 124Rees. See Aricaree ; Ricarees.Rees, James R., communication by, rrr,97specimens from, v, 668Rees, Thomas, reference to, v, 668Rehoboth, R. I., burned by Indians, vr,164Reindeer, value to the Indian, r, 188Reincarnation, belief in, m, 113of medicine-men, rv, 646Rek-qua, a Klamath River tribe, rrr, 634a village on Klamath River, rrr, 138Rekwoi. See Rek-qua.Relationship, degrees of, among Daco-tah, rrr, 234strength of ties, rrr, 210terms, r, 265, 268 ; rr, 50 ; rrr, 360Religion, connection of mounds with, i,61-62, 72defense of, iv, 639-640Hindu, discussed, i, 36, 37 ; v, 57-58Indian, likened to Oriental, v, 30-31influence of, on Indian, v, 132lack of, among Yumas, rr, 117of New England Indians, vr, 105-108of North American tribes, r, 15-16,31-32, 34-35, 38, 412-413; rv,635-651; v, 70-79, 401-411; vr,592-594, 626-630secrecy regarding, v, 178, 401Toltec, compared with northerntribes, r, 72use of natural features in, r, 50worship of elements r, 38, 72See also Fire Worship ; Mythology
;
Religious beliefs ; Religious ritesSun Worship.
196 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Religious beliefs, acts of worship basedon, v, 393Algonquins, i, 72Athapascans, v, 178California Indians, iv, 407Clear Lake Indians, in, 107-10SComanches i, 237 ; n, 127 ; v, 684-685Creeks, v, 269-270Dacotas, n, 197-198 ; in, 225-231difficulties in investigation of, v,401-402Mandans, in, 248Massachusetts Indians, i, 286Mississippi Valley tribes, vi, 647-657Moquis, rv, 85Ojibwas, ii, 135-136Virginia Indians, vi, 106See also Beliefs ; Deity ; Gods ; Im-mortality ; Reincarnation ; Reli-gion ; Resurrection ; Sacred fire
;
Soul ; Spirits ; Transmigration.Religious rites, Algonquin, i, 72Ojibwa, n, 138See also Ceremonies ; Dances ; Sac-rifice.Remains, ancient animal, on the Co-lumbia, I, 221archeological, in South Carolina, n,88-89fossil, of the American race, n,319-320human, with extinct animal, n, 319See also Antiquities ; MoundsOssuaries ; Ruins.Remedies. See Medical practices.Removal of tribes, Act authorizing, vi,430-431advantages of, vi, 432-436character of land used, vr, 426conditions after, vi, 516, 554-558conditions prior to, vi, 518consummation of, vi, 482-485difficulties with southern tribes, vi,466discussion of question, vi, 406-425,437-446plans for, in, 573-580 ; iv, 259-260
;
v, 450-451 ; vi, 406-415Shawnee attitude toward, iv, 260See also Colonization of tribes;Colonized tribes.
Renville, Joseph, Sr., work, iv, 548, 549Renville, Mr., Dakotah translationsmade by, v, 696Renwick, Prof., iv, 138Reproduction, causes affecting, vi, 564-567See also Birthrate.Reservations, difficulties in selection,in, 167, 171-172discussion of policy regarding, vi,458-459Eel River, selection, in, 130emigration through, iv, 468for tribes of Shaste' language, in,171in New York, census of, vi, 690Iroquois, described, n, 538-542Iroquois placed on, vi, 325on Klamath River, treaty concern-ing, in, 145plans for, on Trinity River, in, 151suggestions regarding, iv, 185See also Colonization of tribes.Reserves, Indian, legislation concern-ing, in New Brunswick, v, 678-680Restegauche, a Micmac settlement, v,677Resurrection of the dead, belief in, v,104See also Immortality.Retaliation, among the Dacota, n, 197law of, ii, 184-185practice of, i, 262-263See also Punishment; Revenge;Vengeance.Revenge, among the Sioux, n, 171story illustrating, in, 246Revolution, American, history of tribesduring, vi, 274-319Reynards, a synonym of Foxes, v, 41;vi, 6S8Rhagenratka (Rhagenuatka), a namefor the Neutral Nation (Neu-ters), iv, 204, 20SRhode Island, former name, vi, 125Indian lands in, in, 583, 586; v,480Indian population, in, 583, 586; v,480Narragansett name for, in, 532population and area, iv, 610sale of, by Narragansetts, vr, 125
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 197Rhyme, lack of appreciation of, n, 455Ribault, John, death, vi, 77, 744Fort Charles built by, vi, 743second voyage, vi, 76-77, 744voyage, vi, 73-74Ricarees (Rickarees, Rees), cranialmeasurements, ii, 335population, vi, 688shape of skulls, n, 317See also Aricaree.Rice. See Wild rice.Rice Lake region, Indians, v, 145Richardville, John B., English name ofPeshkewah, v, 528Richibucto Indians, land granted to, v,678warlike nature, v, 677Rickarees. See Ricarees.Ridge, John, reference to murder of, vi,513Ridge, Maj., vi, 467Cherokee party headed by, vi, 467,475, 476Ridges, father and son, murder of, vi,500, 501Riggs, Geo. W., acknowledgment to, n,21Riggs, Rev. S. R., Dakotah educationdiscussed by, v, 695-697work, iv, 547, 548Rights, tribal, attitude concerning, vi,523Riley, James, song translated by, in,329Riley, John, arrest, iv, 593Rio Mimbres, Apaches in valley of, v,206Rising-sun men, Chippewyan name forthemselves, ni, 542River Indians. See Messesagues.River Raisin, massacre, vi, 356, 362Rivieres, Mile, des, n, 278Roach, T. J., in, 161explorations, in, 155Roanoke, colony established, vi, 90, 92explanation of name, vi, 83Roanoke River, Indian tale concerning,vi, 90
"Robbers, name given to Chippewas ofLeech Lake, v, 191Robe trade, reference to, i, 223Roberdeau, I., letter on Indian lands,in.582
Robert, member of expedition, in, 353Roberval, M. de, arrival in New France,v, 646Robins, Capt., theft perpetrated by, v,276Robinson, Capt., hi, 369commandant at Michilimackinac,vi, 256Robinson, Chas. A., in, 130Robinson, J. C, report on the Chicka-saws, iv, 587school conducted by, v, 694Robinson, Mr., in, 129Roche, Marquis de la, explorations, v,646Rocheblave, fall of garrison under com-mand of, vi, 302Rock-fort, a natural formation, rv, 127Rock Island, population, v, 707 ; vi, 700Rock Island treaty, benefit, ni, 281Rock Island tribe, population, m, 632Rock River, Indians on, vi, 385Rock River Valley, cession by Sacs andFoxes, vi, 448Indian hostilities, vi, 450-451Rock sculptures at Independence, Ohio,v, 113-114 ; vi, 604Rockwell, Porter, treachery toward In-dians, v, 201Rockwood, Gilbert, report on missions,v, 700Rock-writing, history recorded by, i,405-406See also Inscriptions ; Petroglyphs
;
Pictographs.Rocky Mountain Indians of Peace River,classification, ni, 542Rocky Mountain tribes, discussion of,I, 204-228; 259-264Rocky Mountains, description of pass,v, 574myth of the formation, vr, 670tribes, v, 197 ; vi, 34, 556Rodd, D? translation by, iv, 533Rodgers, Capt., French expelled by,from banks of the St. John, v, 675mention of activities, vi, 237Rodgers, Louis, tradition related by, iv,254, 256Rodgers, sutler at Fort King, attack ondwelling of, vi, 471death, vi, 471
198 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Rogers, Major, n, 241 ; vi, 241, 257at siege of Detroit, n, 304, 305attack on, by Shawnees, vi, 312death, vi, 312Rogue River Indians, apparent origin,v, 493 ; vi, 702called Shasta, in, 632census, v, 493 ; vi, 702location, v, 493origin of name, vi, 702report on condition, vi, 625Rogues or Rascally, location, ni, 201population, ni, 201Roldan, reference to followers, n, 311Roman Catholic Church, missionarywork, v, 502, 503 ; vi, 734, 735See also Jesuits ; Missions.Rome, N. Y., origin of name, vi, 291Ro-mo-nans, a Dolores Mission tribe, n,506Root-Diggers, vi, 34application of name, rv, 221classification, v, 197location, v, 493population, v, 493Shoshonee, described, i, 213synonym of Bonaks, iv, 221 ; vi, 34See also Bonaks.Root Eaters, a Shoshonee division, i,198territory occupied, i, 198Roots, ceremonial use by warriors, v, 71digging of, for food, iv, 221, 223See also Medicinal plants.Roque-choh, a band of Bald Hill In-dians, in, 139Rosetta stone, i, 108Ross, John, Chief, vi, 466accusations against, vi, 501-502agreement made by, vi, 475Cherokee removal superintended by,vi, 493Ross, Lewis, plea at Washington, vi,502Ross, trader, reference to marriage, vr,345Round dance, object, iv, 63Round Heads. See Tetes de Boule.Route to Oregon, i, 223-226line of, i, 224posts proposed on, i, 225Rowe, Maj. Theodore F., m, 161
Rowls, chief of Newichawanack, v, 228Rudiger, Prof., reference to works, n,356Ruggles, Charles H., petition signed by,in, 618Ruins, Casa Grande and vicinity, m,299-303, 304described by Father Keller, m, 305of mines, significance, i, 71of the Pecos valley, v, 112of tower at Newport, iv, 150-155illustrated, i, 124of tower in Grave Creek Area, 1, 123theories based on, i, 36See also Antiquities.Runnawit, chief of Pawtucket, v, 228Runners, Pueblo, speed of, iv, 78Ruschenberger, Dr., Peruvian ceme-teries visited by, n, 329Rush Creek, Indians, v, 712Rusk, Senator, of Texas, Indian legis-lation discussed by, v, 462, 468-469Russian River, brief description, in, 115Russian River Indians, population, m,634 ; vi, 711Rutchogah, signer of treaty, vi, 144Rutherford, trader, reference to mar-riage, vi, 345Ryswick, mention of peace of, vi, 188,190 SS'aaptin River, Nez Percys' name forSnake River, i, 226See also Snake River.Saaptins. See Sahaptins.Sabassas Indians, v, 4S7census, v, 487Indian names of divisions, v, 487language spoken, v, 487location, v, 487Sac and Fox. See Sacs and Foxes.Sac and Fox Agency, tribes embraced,iv, 467Sacharite, member of expedition, in,353Sachem, use of term, ni, 62See also Sachemess.Sachemess, Uchees ruled by, in, 40-41See also Chief.Sachem's Head, origin of name, vi, 122
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 199Sachem's Plain, story of name, vi, 127Sackanoir, population, vi, 701Sacos, derivation of name, v, 223location, v, 223members of Pennacook Confed-eracy, v, 223See also Sokokies.Sacramento Indians, location, ni, 201population, ni, 201Sacramento Mountains, range of theJicarillas, v, 206, 208Sacramento River, fall of, i, 153vocabulary from, rv, 414-415Sacramento Valley, gold deposits in, i,153Sacramento Valley Indians, description,vi, 710population, vi, 688, 710Sacred fire. See Fire, sacred.Sacrifice, among the Dacotas, n, 196, 197gladiatorial, Aztec, vi, 586human, absence of, v, 393-394among Aztecs, v, 77; vi, 585,586-587, 594among Pawnee, iv, 50 ; v, 77-78case of, n, 198connected with corn planting,vi, 495-496custom, ii, 145in Sun worship, v, 103object, iv, 51Indian form, iv, 637objects used for, i, 49of dogs, rv, 591 ; v, 168, 393by war-party, iv, 52of food, at feast, v, 171of horses by Otoes, v, 78of widows, Hindoo custom, v, 59offering of, discussed, i, 49-50private, ceremony, v, 169to corn-power, vi, 631to the Onkteri, rv, 644White Dog, account of, rv, 591by Kenistenos, v, 168See also Offerings.Sacrificial ceremony, description, v, 66Sacrificial knife, n, 90illustration, n, 90Sacrificial stone, Aztec, description, vi,586Sacs, vi, 375also called Osawkees, v, 41
Sacs?Continuedand Iowas, at missions, v, 698annuities, n, 585country occupied, in, 267, 593map showing location, rv, ISO; vi,519missionary work among, vi, 739population, in, 259, 593, 609relations with the Iowas, in, 267treaty concluded, vi, 330, 334, 380,421See also Sacs and Foxes; Sauks;Sauks and Foxes.Sacs and Foxes, in, 277 ; v, 495 ; vi, 687alliance with Menomonie, i, 304appropriations for, n, 564battle with Ojibwas, illustrated, n,142census, i, 488-497 ; m, 621-628classification, v, 145depredations, iv, 468flight from lower Michigan, m, 278funds required for, n, 574general condition, iv, 466, 467; vi,550-551included in Algonquin group, u, 36lands, ceded by, n, 604 ; vi, 488conveyed permanently to, v, 457occupied, vi, 414purchased from, n, 594, 598,599, 600, 601statistics on, n, 606location, i, 53, 488 ; m, 581 ; rv, 461
;
v, 495; vi, 384-385maps showing, m, 96 ; rv, 180vi, 519of the Mississippi, location, vi, 705population, vi, 705statistics on, vi, 720, 721, 723of the Missouri, location, vi, 705population, vi, 705statistics on, vr, 720, 721, 723population, i, 488, 523; v, 495; vi,414, 687removal, rv, 485; v, 495; vi, 515,516, 536synopsis of treaty with, v, 496, 497treaties with, v, 499, 500union of, vr, 484, 485wars of, vi, 488renewed by, v, 46See also Foxes; Sacs; Sauks;Sauks and Foxes.
200 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Sa-essau-dinneh, Cheppewyans' namefor themselves, n, 27Sagadahock (Sagadehock), vi, 174listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218Sagamore, an Algonquin chief, vi, 96office of, vi, 115See also Chief.Saganaw, occupants of, vi, 200Saganaws, census of, i, 458-467description, vi, 498-499identified as Chippewa, vr, 200language, vr, 498name, origin and meaning of, v,145; vi, 484population (1812), v, 708treaty with, vi, 498See also Chippewas of Saganaw.Saganosh, reference to, n, 65; vr, 236Sagarahta. See Hendrick, King.Sagard, iv, 206missionary labors, iv, 198-199Sage, country covered by, v, 709Sagennom band, location, in, 570population, in, 570Sagima, story of, vi, 202-203Saginaw. See Saganaws.Saginaw Bay, tribes dwelling on, vi, 714Sagitchewayosay, sun worship ex-plained by, iv, 639Sagoyawata (Sagoyawatha) in, 22See also Red Jacket.Sahaptins (Saaptins, Sah-aptins, Sape-tans), v, 490, 493brief account of, iv, 551linguistic family, m, 402location, iv, 551 ; v, 490, 493maps showing, ni, 96, 200population, in, 632 ; rv, 551 ; v, 490,493See also Nez Perces.Sahehwamish. See Sahewamish.Sahewamish (Sahehwamish, Sehehwa-mish), census of, v, 704location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Say-hay-ma-mish.Sah-ma-mish. See Samamish.Sah-nel Indians, and others, popula-tion, in, 634language, ni, 112treaty with, nr, 112
Saia. See Siahs.St. Ange de Bellerive, Mr., at FortChartres, n, 307Pontiac warned by, n, 308St. Anthony's Falls, geological featuresof, iv, 192illustration of, iv, 192St. Augustine, brief history of, in, 545date of founding, vi, 743landing of Menendez at, vi, 76St. Catharine's Island, color of Indiansof, n, 320St. Clair, Gen. Arthur, appointment asgovernor, vi, 329campaign against western Indians,vi, 335-337council held with Indians, vr, 323defeat by Indians, v, 528; vr, 217,287effect of, vi, 337treaties negotiated, vr, 330S. Clair River. See Sinclair River.St. Cosme, Mr., n, 268St. Croix River, Indians of, v, 219St. Croix Valley, yielded to Chippewas,v, 526St. Cyr, Michael, in, 377, 378St. Francis Indians, brief account of,v, 227St. Fr. Xavier, mission established atGreen Bay, v, 648St. Germain, member of expedition, in,353St. Ignace, tribal seat of the Ottawa, vi,203St. Jacques River, discovery, vr, 49St. John Island, discovery, vi, 50St. John(s) River, entered by Ribault,vi, 73French expelled from banks, v, 675Indian names for, iv, 380Indians, v, 219, 674meaning, v, 674St. John's Indians, location, in, 583population, in, 583St. Joseph's of Miami, Indians, vr, 275St. Lawrence region, Indians, v, 38, 41,137St. Lawrence River, exploration, vi,55-57, 743Indian name for, v, 633tribes on, vi, 33, 200
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 201
St. Lawrence Valley, explorations in,vi, 55-57Indians, v, 145St. Leger, Col., expedition led by, vi,283-286retreat, vi, 290St. Martin, Jacques, n, 266St. Mary's and Michilimackinac Agency,statistics concerning, ni, 599-606St. Mary's mission, establishment, v,648remains, v, 110St. Mary's River, description, v, 256Indians, vi, 33, 128naming, vi, 128St. Peter's Agency, statistical returnfrom, in, 612St. Peter's River, Indian names for, i,183; ii, 156valley, illustrated, n, 174St. Pierre, commandant, reference to,vi, 214St. Regis Indians, brief account of, iv,606-607census, I, 441-457; v, 504-505classification, vi, 689geographical position, i, 441government, v, 504identification, v, 506location, in, 583; vi, 705missionary work among, vr, 737number on reservation, n, 542origin, iv, 606; vi, 200population, in, 583; iv, 603, 604,607 ; vi, 689, 694, 705, 707St. Regis Reservation, census of, vi,690description, n, 542location, vi, 690St. Vrain, Mr., murder of, vi, 451Sakis. See Sauks.Sakumehu, a Skagit division, v, 704location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704 ; vi, 703See also Sock-a-muke.Salic law, reference to, in, 40Saline and Tahlequah mission, data on,iv, 588Saline River, vestiges of mining on, I,100Saline strata in the Onondaga country,in, 97-99
Salisa mission, data on, iv, 588Salish (Selish), v, 490also called Flatheads, vi, 688location, i, 437 ; v, 490map showing, in, 96population, I, 521; v, 490; vi, 688,701See also Jelish.Salmon, habits in New England rivers,v, 225-226preparation for food, m, 147varieties, in, 146-147Salmon fisheries, a reason for organiza-tion, I, 207Salmon River, description, m, 150Indians on, v, 488Salotta, of Chehaw Town, rv, 576Salt, search for, i, 162; m, 98-99Salt Lake Basin (Valley), Indians, i,204-228 ; v, 198 ; vi, 689, 697, 698settlement, v, 199Salt-making, Choctaw, vi, 526evidence on Saline River, I, 100Onontagers, rv, 340Salt Rheum, treatment for, iv, 514Salt springs, location, i, 163Saltern, Mr., mention of voyage, vi, 96Salteurs. See Saulteurs.Saltketchers, Uchees at, ni, 26Salts, occurrence in Snake territory, i,209Saluda Indians, relics, iv, 163, 164Salutation, of the Dacotah, in, 244Samamish (Sah-ma-mish), language,rv, 600location, rv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703population, rv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703Samdan. See Tako, Samdan and Sitka.Saminda, a California tribe, vi, 711Samish, location, v, 491, 704; vi, 703population, v, 491, 704; vi, 703Samp, Indian name for crushed corn,i, 80Sampiches, a division of the Utahs, vi,697Samson Occum, education of, vi, 734Sa-mun-da, a California band, hi, 116San Antonio de Atengo, settlement, m,541San Antonio de Padua, population, i,520San Augustin de Atlachichilco, a Mexi-can settlement, in, 542
202 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152San Augustin de Atzopan, a Mexicansettlement, in, 545San Bartholorne, Spanish missions bythe name of, iv, 557San Buenaventura, population, i, 520San Carlos de Monterey, population, i,520San Diego, population, I, 520San Diego Mission, brief description,n, 100San Domingo, Pueblo de, population, i,519San Felipe (San Felipe de Queres),rv, 35language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; m, 633 ; vi, 6S8,709Quirix identified as, iv, 39San Fernando, population, i, 520San Francisco de Azontamatlan, aMexican settlement, in, 547San Francisco mission, population, i,520San Gabriel, population, i, 520San II de Conso. See San Udefonso.San Udefonso (San II de Conso),language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vr, 688,709San Joaquin, mission of BarcelonaProvince, iv, 556San Joaquin Valley, illustrations ofIndians, v, 217San Jose, population, i, 520San Juan, language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; rn, 633 ; vi, 688,709San Juan Bautista, population, i, 520San Juan Capistrano, population, i, 520San Juan de Atezcapo, settlement, m,541San Juan de Atlaca, a Mexican settle-ment, in, 542San Luis Obispo, population, i, 520San Luis Key de Francia, population,I, 520San Martin de Apo, a Mexican settle-ment, m, 530San Martin de Atlahuilco, a Mexicansettlement, in, 542San Martin de Atzala, a Mexican settle-ment, in, 544San Miguel, population, i, 520
San Pedro de Atlapulco, a Mexicansettlement, ni, 543San Pedro's, brief account, i, 239San Salvador, landing place of Colum-bus, iv, 554San Simon de Azitla, a Mexican settle-ment, m, 547San Simon de los Barreteras, mission-ary settlement, iv, 556-557Sand-drift, i, 168-169Sandia, rv, 216language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 688,709Sandstone, reddish, in Snake territory,I, 209Sandusky, tribes dwelling near, vi, 714Sandusky River, Indians on, vi, 275Sandwich Islands, block printing in, i,90-91illustration of cloth from, i, 91Sandy Lake, Pillagers at, v, 185presiding chiefs, vi, 386Sioux driven from, n, 146, 151Sandy Lake Chippewas, warfare onSioux, v, 185Sanhikans (Sanhikins), a division ofthe Lenno Lenapees, vr, 147location, vi, 100reference to language, in, 515Sanpet. See Sampiches.Sanpitch Valley, Indians of, v, 200Sanpoil. See Hihighenimmo ; Lin-poilish ; Senpoils.Sans Arc (Sansarcs), a Titon divisionin, 629bands, in, 629country occupied, m, 629leading men, in, 629population, v, 494position, v, 494Sanscrit, the language of the Hindoorace, v, 58Santa Ana, mission of Barcelona Prov-ince, rv, 556population, i, 519 ; ni, 633 ; vr, 688Santa Anna, language, v, 689Santa Barbara, a California mission, i,520Indian settlements by name of, rv,556mission of Barcelona Province, rv,556
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 203Santa Barbara?Continuedpopulation, i, 520Santa Catalena de Aztla, a Mexicansettlement, in, 549Santa Clara, language, v, 689population, i, 519, 520; m, 633;Vl, 688, 709Santa Cruz, population, i, 520Santa Domingo (Dominga), popula-tion, in, 633; vi, 688, 709See also Santo Domingo.Santa Fe Trail, tribes discussed, i,259-264Santa Isabel Mission, Indians of, n,102Santa Maria de Atlamulco, a Mexicansettlement, ni, 543Santa Maria Atzompa, a Mexicansettlement, in, 544Santa Rita del Cobre mine, v, 207Santa Rosa, M'Kee expedition at, in,100mission of Barcelona Province, rv,556Santana, population, vi, 709Santeaux, a synonym of Cbippewa, v,41Santees, n, 344customs, iv, 155-157foes of Creeks, v, 98incorporated with Creeks, vi, 370language undetermined, v, 42state of culture, vi, 182subordinate tribe of the Catawbas,vi, 179See also Isanyati ; Sioux of theWoods.Santeurs [misprint], at siege of De-troit, n, 242, 249See also Saulteurs.Santiago, Chief of Yumas, n, 110election of, ii, 112Navajo guide and informant, iv,88-89Santiago de Arismendi, a Mexicansettlement, in, 537Santiago de Atlatongo, a Mexicansettlement, in, 543Santiago de Azajo, a Mexican settle-ment, in, 547Santo Domingo pueblo, language, v, 689See also Santa Domingo.93670&?54??14
Sanyakoan. See Cape Fox Indians.Saone. See Sowans.Sapetans. See Sahaptins.Saponi. See Sapoonies.Sapoonies (Saponeys, Sapoones), coun-try occupied, v, 668, 669 ; vi, 714population, v, 668 ; vi, 270, 714Saquaacha, location, vi, 702population, vi, 702See also Quahtoma.Saracu Indians, mentioned, iv, 556Saratoga, derivation of name, rv, 384meaning of name, m, 328mention of Indian attack on, vi, 298Sargeant, Rev. Mr., Indians undercharge of, vi, 324Sarsees (Sursees, Sussees), classifica-tion, in, 401, 542 ; v, 179Sarsi. See Sarsees.Sasitka (Satsika), vi, 688bands, vi, 686Blackfeet division, i, 437divisions, vi, 698population, rv, 560reference to language, in, 405synonym of Blackfeet, iv, 551territory occupied, iv, 560See also Blackfeet; Pawkees;Sitkeas.Saskatchewine, included in Algonquingroup, n, 36Sassaba, Chief, i, 112incident connected with, vi, 386Sassacus, vi, 114, 153, 154, 248, 647and the Pequot War, vi, 110-112death, vi, 123dispute with Uncas, vi, 116-117Sasti, a linguistic family, in, 402Satanas, a name for the Shawnee, rv,255 ; vi, 219defeated by Iroquois, iv, 382foes of the Iroquois, iv, 202identified as the Eries, iv, 202Iroquois war on, vr, 188name, error concerning, rv, 202meaning of, rv, 255See also Shawnee.Satos, remarks on, ni, 557Satouriona, Chief, vr, 74French aided by, vr, 79, 81Satquin, listed by Capt. John Smith, v,218Saukies, Saukeys. See Sauks.
204 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Sauks (Sakis, Saukies, Saukeys), in,554associates of Menomonies, vi, 276classification, ni, 401cranial measurements, u, 335enemies of the French, vi, 237hunting grounds, vi, 714lands, iv, 572language spoken, n, 341; in, 562leading men, in, 56Slocation, in, 559; vi, 484, 714number of villages, in, 562original occupants of Saganaw, vi,200other names for, in, 562population, in, 562 ; iv, 572 ; vi, 272,714totems, in, 554trade, ni, 564trading post for, in, 566tribal relations, in, 566village of, now Cassville, Wis., in,354warriors in, 554, 559, 562; vi, 271See also Sacs ; Sauks and Foxes.Sauks and Foxes, intemperance among,i, 435land claimed, in, 584listed as one of Seven Fires, n, 169location, in, 584outbreak, i, 144population, in, 584scaffold burial adopted, vi, 617See also Sacs and Foxes.Sault Ste. Marie, Chippewa name for,iv, 557description, iv, 558Jesuit mission at, vi, 397seat of the Chippewas, vi, 385treaty concluded at, vi, 386Sault Ste. Marie Agency. See St.Mary's and MichilimackinacAgency.Saulteaux. See Saulteurs.Saulteurs (Salteurs, Saulteaux), atsiege of Detroit n, 265, 268, 274,278, 281, 284, 293, 294, 296, 300French name for Chippewas, v, 142included in Algonquin group,II, 36origin of name and language,ii, 358 ; rv, 558 ; v, 144See also Chippewas; Santeurs.
Sausaman, Indian plot revealed by, vi,151, 154Sauvanogee, identification, iv, 380Savage, Capt., mention of post, v, 255Savage, Maj., Yosemite Valley dis-covered by, rv, 222Savanas (Savannahs, Savannas), ab-sorbed by Creeks, vi, 370migration, iv, 163synonym of Shawanese, v, 262See also Shawnees.Savannah, Indians of vicinity, v, 42Savannahs, Savannas. See Savanas.Savanuca(s), era of, v, 133mention of language, v, 99Sawahegeh, signer of treaty, vi, 144Sa-wa-mish, bands, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 703; vi, 703Sawanese, a name for the Shawanese,v, 260See also Shawnee.Saw-cesaw-dinneh, Chippewyan namefor themselves, ni, 542; v, 172Sawkins, J. G., reference to drawings,vi, 582Sawokli. See Souikilas.Saw-ry-ats, Utah band led by, v, 200Say, Mr., vocabulary collected by, m,252Sayadio, a Wyandot legend, n, 235Say - hay - ma - rnish ( Sayhaywamish
)
brief account of, v, 700language, rv, 600location, iv, 598population, rv, 598See also SahehwamishScaffold burials, i, 68among Oregon tribes, in, 217custom, i, 102, 262Dacotahs, iv, 65-66description, i, 356; n, 70followed by interment, iv, 66, 561illustration, i, 39; v, 168pictographs on, i, 337reasons for, rv, 55sites selected, n, 97tribes practicing, vi, 617Scaghticoke, meaning of name, vi, 146Scaghticokes ( Scagticokes ; Scaticook),flight, vi, 147refugee Pequots, vr, 200
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 205Scalp dance, Dacotah, illustrated, n,63 ; vi, 65feature of, u, 57illustration, n, 63 ; vi, 65performed by women, iv, 63Pueblos, iv, 78-79Winnebago, described, in, 285Scalping, among the Dacotab, in, 243illustration showing act, n, 61 ; vi,25mentioned, as a Hebrew custom,ui, 60rewards given for, iv, 52standing determined by, v, 181See also Scalps.Scalping-knife, Winnebago, iv, 54Scalps, exhibition, n, 57honor of taking, n, 57illustration, n, 63payment for, vr, 308Scandinavian element, suggestion of, inIndian culture, v, 86Scandinavians, early visits to America,I, 106explorations, vx, 608in Massachusetts, theory concern-ing, in, 88in North America, discussion of, rv,119-121visits to north Atlantic coasts, iv,116monuments proving, rv, 119Scanonaerat, a Huron tribe, iv, 204, 208Scarhuhadigh, signer of treaty, vi, 144Scarooyadi, vi, 213, 237friend of the English, vr, 219, 228Scaticook. See Scaghticokes.Schaitl, a village on Klamath River,ni, 138Scheffer, Prof., Lapland described by,i, 425Sche-perrh, a Klamath River tribe, in,634village on Klamath River, in, 138Schermerhorn, Commissioner, vi, 475Sche-woh, a Quoratem band, in, 151Schoenmaker, Rev. Father, report onOsage school, iv, 594-595Schoharie, Indian attack on, vi, 298,306Schoharie Valley, raid on, vi, 314
Schoolcraft, H. R., activities amongIndians, v, 151-152agent at Sault Ste. Marie, vi, 397atrocities committed on relatives,vi, 305discussion of work, v, 54-55expedition in 1819, vi, 519-520expedition in 1,831, i, 143-147; vi,384Indian name for, v, 602, 603negotiations conducted by, vr, 464Ojibwa text with translation by,v, 601-603petition signed by, ni, 618report on Iroquois population, rv,603tour, west of the Mississippi, iv,278-324visit to disaffected tribes, vi, 448,450, 451-452Schoolcraft, Lawrence, war exploit of,vi, 314Schoolcraft, Mrs., I, 396Schools, Cherokee, report on, iv, 588,589-590Chippewa attitude toward, v, 150Choctaw, report on, iv, 584-585need of, in colonization plan, vi, 413opposition to, n, 189; rv, 477-479Osage, report on, rv, 594-595Winnebago, attendance at, in, 474Schre-gon, a village on Klamath River,in, 138Schregon Indian, vocabulary obtainedfrom, in, 422Schre-gon Indians, a Klamath Rivertribe, in, 634Schuyler, General, v, 514aid sent by, to Fort Stanwix, vi,290Johnson Hall captured by, vi, 283Schwo-Yelpi, population, v, 705, 706;vi, 700See also Colville.Scioto-Iroquois, peace overtures, vi,259Scioto River, tribes on, vi, 260Scioto Valley, altar mounds, iv, 126,128copper in mounds, i, 67mention of earthworks, vi, 597population, i, 73; vi, 599
206 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Scious of the Prairies. See Sioux ofthe Meadows.Scioux. See Sioux.Scituate, Indian attack on, vi, 165Scoffies, classification of, in, 401Scootucks, a synonym of Passama-quoddy, v, 219Scotch, element in Cherokees, vi, 503Scott, Gen., vi, 453, 476Catawbas ruled by, ni, 295expedition against the Indians, vi,335letter to Gov. Gilmer, vi, 493-494negotiations with Cherokees, vi,492, 493proclamation to Cherokees, vi,491-492treaty negotiated by, vi, 488Scott, Gen. Charles, in action at Pres-que Isle, vi, 340Scott, Sir Walter, iv, 504Scott's Island, Indians of, v, 488Scott's River, description, in, 159Scott's Valley, described, in, 160-161Scott's Valley tribes, population, rn,171, 634Scouler, Dr., n, 325, 326quoted on flattened skulls, n, 328Scratching, as punishment, v, 273-274as token of friendship, v, 274Scrolls, Mexican parchment, discussionof, vi, 604-605Sculpture, Indian, examples, v, 113Indian, illustrations, v, 113 ; vi, 604Mexican, in stone, vi, 579, 585-587of northern tribes, iv, 663See also Carving ; Pipe sculpture
;
Stonework.Sculptured Rock, described, n, 87-88illustrated, n, 88Seasons. See Calendar system.Seawan. See Wampum.Sebastian, Senator, Indian legislationdiscussed by, v, 459Sebring, Thomas, in, 114explorations, rn, 131Secotan Indians, colony attacked by, vi,93Secotan village, vi, 86Secowocomoco. See Yaocomicos.Secret societies, initiation into, ni, 287
;
v, 71-72
Secret societies?Continuedthree classes, v, 71See also Medicine feast.Sedgwick, Maj., Fort La Tour cap-tured by, v, 674Sedgwick, Theodore, petition signed by,in, 618Seduction, punishment for, n, 132See-char-litch-ar, Creek council at, iv,579Seeds, gathering for food, v, 216-217preparation for food, illustrated, v,217use of, for food, v, 212See o ko ba, a Thla katch ka chief, rv,579Seepans, language, v, 689See also Lipans.Seers, Indian, harm done by, iv, 637illustration showing activities, v,32See also Jossakeed; Prophet.Segocket, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Segotago, listed by Capt. John Smith,v, 218Sehehwamish. See Sahewamish.Sehe-perrh village, in, 147Sekakos, chief of the Saulteurs, n, 281Sekamish. See St-ka-mish.Sekani. See Sicaunies.Se-ko-pe-chi, information furnished by,I, 265reference to traditions, n, 32Sekumre, an upper California language,in, 402Selish. See Salish.Selkirk, Earl of, n, 523Selkirk, Lord, reference to settlementof, I, 143, 182Semiahmoo. See Shim-i-ah-moo.Semicivilized tribes, tables of statisticson, v, 498, 504-506Seminole and Creek wars, estimatedcost, v, 500Seminole language, classification, m,404Seminole War, account of, vi, 468-473,476-477cause assigned for, vi, 472high cost of, vi, 374remarks on origin, vi, 473
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 207Seminoles (Serninolies), amalgamatedwith Creeks, rv, 574and Creeks, acres owned, vi, 519annuities paid to, vi, 723attendance at missions, v, 698census, in, 621-628classification, in, 401; vi, 688cranial measurements, n, 335derivation and meaning of name,iv, 380 ; v, 260 ; vi, 468, 473description, v, 260funds required for, n, 568intermarriage with Scotch, vr, 351lands, iv, 574; vi, 519ceded by, n, 604 ; vi, 471claimed, ni, 584purchased from, n, 600statistics on, n, 606language, ni, 596-597location assigned to, vi, 455maps showing, in, 96 ; iv, 180
;
v, 253 ; vi, 519missionary work among, vr, 734,739origin, story of, v, 259original Creeks, v, 260population, i, 522, 524 ; ni, 584, 597
;
iv, 574; v, 498; vi, 479, 688, 690,705provisions of treaty with, vi, 445reference to dialect, m, 399relations with the Creeks, vi, 468removal, n, 558; vi, 479, 515-516attempted, iv, 472condition after, vi, 480, 534-535separated from Creek Confederacy,in, 401skirmishes with, on St. John'sRiver, vi, 359-360slavery among, vi, 332territory occupied, in, 584, 597 ; vi,32, 705treaties with, v, 499; vi, 332, 471-472war with, vi, 468-473, 476-477Serninolies. See Seminoles.Sempoiles, population, vi, 701Seneca language, list of works in, iv,528-529Seneca snakeroot, use by Indians, rv,242
Seneca tradition of the Great Snake, ni,322-323Senecas, v, 495; vi, 143accused of murders in Virginia, vi,135advance made by, v, 506amalgamated with Shawanese, iv,574and Quappas, acres owned, vi, 519annuities, n, 585, 588appropriations for, n, 564at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217at council with Johnson, vi, 253at siege of Fort Stanwix, vi, 292census, ni, 621 ; v, 504-505 ; vx, 718chief taken by Eries, in, 289classification, in, 401; iv, 204condition, n, 539-540 ; iv, 472after removal, vr, 481, 538conquests, rv, 606dispute with Ogden Company, n,540distinguished chiefs, rv, 563division, i, 441fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 720,721, 722, 723funds required, n, 573, 574-575geographical position, i, 441government, v, 504hunting grounds, vi, 714in battle of Oriskany, vi, 289in Revolutionary War, v, 513investments for, n, 562lands, iv, 574ceded by, n, 604; vi, 445granted to, v, 457occupied by, in, 288-289; 583,590purchased from, n, 595, 599,600statistics on, n, 606location, in, 289; rv, 461; v, 495,667, 668; vr, 147, 275, 705, 714maps showing, in, 96; vx, 519missionary work among, vr, 734,735, 737mixed, acres owned by, vi, 519Neutral nation incorporated with,in, 290nicknamed Rattlesnakes, vr, 326number on reservations, n, 539, 540of Alleghany, census of, i, 441-457
208 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY LBull. 152Senecas?Continuedof Buffalo, census of, i, 441-457of Cattaraugus, census of, i, 441-457; vi, 706of Conawango, census of, i, 441-457of Neosho, census of, i, 441-457of Tonawanda, census of, i, 441-457one of the Six Nations, iv, 616origin legend, in, 322-323origin of name, vi, 326peace overtures of, vi, 261petroleum on reservation, i, 161population, i, 441 ; m, 583, 590, 609,610; iv, 528, 574, 603, 604, 605,606 ; v, 495, 505, 668, 708 ; vi, 275,694, 705, 706, 707, 714, 718position in American Revolution,vi, 312rank among tribes, i, 268removal, v, 495; vi, 516, 536plans for, in, 576, 577represented at Canandaigua coun-cil, vi, 326reservation described, n, 538station in South Carolina, in, 196traditions regarding wars, iv, 137,203, 345-346treaties with, v, 499; vi, 262, 326,334, 380war with Andastes, vi, 139-140, 144war with Eries, iv, 200-203warriors, estimate of, in, 561 ; vi,261, 270See also Buffalo Indians ; Mingoes
;
Sennekas; Sinikers.Senecas and Shawnees, census of, i,441-457fiscal statistics relating to, vr, 721,722, 723location, i, 441 ; vi, 705map showing colony, rv, 180population, in, 609, 610 ; v, 495 ; vi,705removal, vi, 516, 536condition after, vi, 539Senecas, New York, fiscal statistics re-lating to, vi, 721, 723of Alleghany, population, vi, 6SSof Buffalo, population, vi, 688of Cattaragus, population, vi, 688of the Neosho, treaty signed by, vt,461
Senecas, New York, etc.?Continuedof Tonawanda, population, vi, 688Sandusky, location, vi, 705population, vi, 705Sennekas, one of Five Nations, m, 184See also Senecas.Senpoils, location, vi, 6SSpopulation, i, 521 ; vi, 688Senses, acuteness of, in, 212-213Sequoia (Sequoya), or Guess, iv, 590Cherokee alphabet invented by, n,228See also Soquoiah.Seraticks, associated with Lipans, i,239territory occupied by, i, 239See also Arapaho.Seretees, a name for the Santee, iv, 155See also Santee.Sergeant, Hon. John, measurements ofhair, in, 383, 392missionary work, vr, 734, 735, 736Serpentine, pipe from Onondaga area,i, 75use by Aztecs, i, 73Serpent Mound, interpretation, i, 32Serpents, attitude toward, in, 231, 273encountered in northwest Califor-nia, in, 111-112feathered, myth of, vi, 640respect for, i, 414symbolism, i, 414; v, 105Serper. See Sche-perrh.Serragoin Indian, vocabulary obtainedfrom, in, 422Serra-goin trail, mentioned, in, 152Seseetoan and Wabpaytoan band, pay-ments made to, vi, 721Sessatons. See Sissitons.Seven Caves of Navatlaques, I, 20probable location, i, 22Seven Cities, story of, rv, 22Seven Fires of the Sioux, discussion, n,169Severn River, Indian treaty signed at,vi, 144settlement of Puritans on, vi, 143Sevier, Gen., references to, iv, 630Sewall's Island, occupied by Penna-cooks, v, 230Sewan-akies, descriptive name of Me-toacs, vi, 147meaning of name, vr, 147
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 209Seward, Senator, of New York, formerGovernor of New York, v, 464Indian legislation discussed by, v,464-465Se wat palla, population, v, 706Sewee Indians, disaster suffered by, rv,155subordinate tribe of tbe Catawbas,vi, 179Sexes, indifference between, v, 274Sexual relations, among tbe Creeks, v,272See also Adultery; Marriage Cus-toms.Seyffart, Anthony, v, 681, 682Shaa. See Scbaitl.Shad, habits in New England rivers, v,225-226Shagobai, a noted Pillager, v, 189Shahala(h) Nation, location, in, 570population, in, 570, 609tribes composing, in, 570Shab-wah-no, origin legend, v, 192See also Shawnee.Shaitl, a Klamath River tribe, in, 634Shakewah, an interpreter, iv, 274Shallala(h), location, in, 571population, in, 571, 609 ; v, 707Shallattoos, location, in, 572population, ni, 572 ; v, 706Shamindawa, Chief, vt, 255Shamokin ( Shaumokin ; Shemoken
;
Shomoken), birthplace of Logan,iv, 616Delawares at, v, 138Delawares ordered to, in, 74identification, iv, 325, 616mission at, v, 503destruction of, iv, 619use made of, rv, 617Shamwappoms (Chanwappan), loca-tion, in, 572population, in, 572; v, 706Shanamkarak. See Eh-qua-nek.Shanel. See Sah-nel.Shanel-kaya band, at Clear Lake Coun-cil, in, 109language, m, 110, 112location, in, 109, 114Shanico's band, number of, ni, 635Shanwappom. See Shamwappoms.Shasta (Shasta, Shasties), applicationof name, m, 156
Shasta?Continuedcalled Rogue River Indians, in,632classification, in, 402location, in, 156, 201map showing, in, 96, 200population, ni, 201Shasta (ShastS) Valley, description,in, 165Indian population, in, 171, 634Shastan family. See Sasti ; Shasta.Shastan language. See Shaste" lan-guage.Shasta. See Shasta.Shasta Butte city, described, in, 164Shaste' language, extent of, in, 422reservation for tribes speaking, hi,171Shaste- River, description, ni, 165-166Shastie. See Shasta.Shaugawaumikong. See Chegoimegon
;
Lapointe.Shaumokin. See Shamokin.Shaw, Rev. Mr., v, 689Sha-wa-ke-shig, distinguished Pillagerwarrior, n, 165Shawanees. See Shawanese.Shawanese [village], a Creek town, v,262Shawanese ( Shawanees, Shawanoes,Shawanos, Shawanous), amal-gamated with Senecas, iv, 574at siege of Detroit, n, 284, 285brief account of, in, 561called "Chats" by the French, iv,202Creeks joined by, v, 260hunting grounds, vr, 714lands, rv, 572, 574location, v, 122 ; vi, 714mission church, v, 698origin legend, i, 19 ; v, 192peace made by, v, 139population, in, 610 ; rv, 572, 574 ; vi,714preparation of food, rv, 332refugee towns, v, 262relations with Michigamies, v, 195-196tradition, m, 82village of, rv, 334warriors, in, 561 ; iv, 605See also Shawnees.
210 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Shawano, a mythological character, v,409Shawanoes, Shawanos, Shawanous.See Shawanese.Shawawnon, Chief, n, 259Shawniut, origin of name, iv, 562Shawnee language, an Algonquin di-alect, ii, 341evidence in Florida, n, 34publications in, rv, 541vocabulary, n, 470-481Shawnee Prophet. See Elkswatawa.Shawnees ( Shawnese, Shawnesse,Shawnoes), in, 555; v, 527; vi,140affiliations, rv, 621agriculture among, vi, 541-542alliance with Menomonie, i, 304and Delawares, population, vi, 708and others, battle with, vi, 266annuities, n, 586, 588, 589at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217, 218at council with Sir William John-son, vi, 233attitude toward the colonies, vi,242battles with Virginians, vi, 307beginning of war with, vi, 264census, i, 488-497 ; in, 621-628classification, in, 401 ; v, 145condition, rv, 466, 472 ; vi, 517after removal, vi, 481, 541-542,544cranial measurements, n, 335depredations, vi, 236enemies of the colonies, vi, 219fighting characteristics, vi, 300fire worship among, v, 67fiscal statistics relating to, vr, 721,723funds required for, n, 574included in Algonquin group, ii, 36in Florida, in, 90in Kentucky, i, 300, 301in league with Nanticokes and Mo-hickanders, vi, 132intruders in Texas, i, 240investments for, n, 561, 562land, ceded by, n, 602, 604 ; vi, 445claimed, in, 583, 585false claims to, vr, 330granted permanently to, v, 457
Shawnees?Continuedland?Continuedpurchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600statistics on, n, 605, 606language, reference to, ni, 96location i, 488; ni, 559, 583, 585,591, 592 ; iv, 461, 620 ; v, 495 ; vi,32, 33, 275, 705maps showing, in, 96 ; vi, 519map showing colony of, iv, 180migrations, v, 122 ; vi, 197, 277, 420missionary work among, vr, 737,738, 739, 740name, iv, 255-256 ; v, 41 ; vi, 688of Wapakanetta, location of, rv, 461origin tradition, iv, 147, 255; vi,277-278pacification, iv, 615peace sought by, vi, 254, 259, 260,261, 343population, i, 518, 524 ; in, 583, 585,591, 609, 635 ; rv, 606 ; v, 495, 708
;
vi, 271, 272, 275, 688, 699, 705position in Revolutionary War, vi,281, 293, 295, 299-301relations with other tribes, vr, 300removal, iv, 460 ; v, 495 ; vr, 516, 536condition after, vr, 541-542, 544plans for, ni, 576, 577size of brain, n, 330stature, iv, 349subjection to Iroquois, rv, 617travels of, vr, 219treaties with, v, 496, 497, 499; vr,328, 334, 380, 420warriors, number of, ni, 555, 559;vi, 261, 271within Neosho Colony, iv, 460See also Chauenous ; Neosho Sen-eeas and Shawnees ; Satanas
;
Savannas; Senecas and Shaw-nees ; Shah-wah-no ; Shawanese.Shawneetown, origin of name, i, 301 ; vr,277Shawnese, Shawnesse. See Shawnees.Shawnoes. See Shawnees.Shea, John Gilmary, paper on Mas-coutins, rv, 244Sheastuckles, location, in, 571population, m, 571Shecomeco. See Shekomeko.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 211Shedrac, a Micmac settlement, v, 677Sheep, importance to Navajoes, iv, 212introduction into New Mexico, vi,616raising of, by Moquis, iv, 72use by the Navajo, v, 204Sheep Indians, an Athapascan tribe, in,542She-kom band, at Clear Lake council,m, 109Shekomeko (Shecomeco, Shicomico, Shi-komico), missionary work at, v,138, 503, 680-682Shell-heaps, in the Carolinas, v, 80Shell mounds in South Carolina, refer-ence to, n, 89Shell ornaments, from burials, i, 68use, I, 86Shells, barter in, i, 67marine, in Rocky Mountain region,i, 218use, as charms, i, 86as currency, i, 84 ; n, 113 ; m,220by conjurors, rv, 490value, n, 113See also Wampum.Shemoken. See Shamokin.Shenandoa(h) Chief, reference to ora-tory of, v, 410stature, rv, 349traditional birthplace, vi, 136See also Skenandoah.Sheshatapoosh, classification, in, 401See also Montagnais.She-sheeb, n, 153death, rr, 160, 163She-she-quin, Indian name of QueenEsther's Flats, v, 671Shicomico. See Shekomeko.Shields, buffalo hide, i, 236Comanche custom concerning, n,127decoration, ni, 69illustration, in, 68used by prairie tribes, in, 69Shigom. See She-kom.Shikelimo, Chief, rv, 337, 340accident to, rv, 328death, rv, 619father of Logan, iv, 325, 616 ; vi, 264guide of expedition, rv, 325, 326, 616,617
Shikelimo?ContinuedMoravians welcomed by, rv, 617See also Shikillimus, Chief.Shikillimus, Chief, friend of the Whites,v, 669See also Shikelimo.Shikomico. See Shekomeko.Shimiahmoo, location, v, 491, 704; vi,703population, v, 491, 704 ; vi, 703Shinecock Reservation, census of, vr, 690location, vr, 690Shinecocks, vi, 688population, vi, 688Shingabawassin (Shingabwassin), ac-count of, vi, 399Chippewa chief, vr, 385grave-post of, i, 357leading Chippewa, v, 148Shingebiss, story of, m, 324-326Shingiss, a Delaware sachem, vi, 213,219Shingwauk (or Little Pine) Chief, briefaccount of, i, 112 ; iv, 557inscriptions deciphered by, i, 113-118; in, 85-87Shingwaukonce, pictographs explainedby, i, 339Shinnecock. See Shinecock.Shipaulovi. See Juparivi.Shirley, Gen., vi, 224, 226, 233Shistacoostee (Sisticoosta), census of,v, 493location, vr, 702population, vr, 702Shoalwater Bay. Indian customs at,vi, 619-622Indians on, vr, 703preservative quality of soil near,vr, 623Shobarboobeer, location, in, 572population, ni, 572Sho-go-nik-kaw, account of, rv, 234myth related by, iv, 228-230Shokomish. See Skokomish.Shomamish (S'Ho-ma-mish), census of,v, 704location, rv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703population, rv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Homamish.Shomoken. See Shamokin.Shongopovi. See Sumonpavi.
212 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Shorikowani, a Canadaigua chief, iv,200death, iv, 201war led by, iv, 200
"Short-haired Indians," description, m,119Shoshocoes, a band of Shoshonies, vi,697Shoshoko. See Root Diggers; Shosho-coes ; Sosokos.Shoshonean family. See Shoshone (e)group.Shoshone (e) group, a linguistic family,m, 402brief account of, u, 37-38cultural status, n, 334divisions, v, 493 ; vi, 34-35estimated population, i, 199, 522one of seven ethnological families,n, 33, 343route of migration, n, 38territory occupied, i, 197, 198; n,37-38 ; iv, 551 ; v, 197 ; vi, 34-35tribes composing, i, 197 ; iv, 551Shoshonee language, i, 198 ; in, 403 ; vi,697brief vocabulary, i, 216, 218Shoshonees (Shoshones, Shoshonies),iv, 596 ; v, 494 ; vi, 688account of, i, 198-203 ; v, 198-199attitude toward the insane, iv, 49bands, vi, 697brain cavity, n, 333character, i, 200condition, i, 202cooking vessels, i, 61cranial capacity, vi, 574cranial measurements, n, 335decrease in number, i, 202. 228division of the Snake Indians, i,206effect of introduction of horses, vr,616inaccessible haunts, i, 221location, i, 224 ; in, 570, 572maps showing, n, 28; in, 96,200peace overtures to Utahs, iv, 596population, in, 570, 572, 609 ; v, 493,494, 498 ; vi, 688, 697, 701reference to food, i, 41resemblances to other tribes, i, 217
Shoshonees?Continuedterritory occupied, i, 198, 201, 437
;
v, 198, 199, 493, 494 ; vi, 697See also Shoshone (e) group;Snake Indians; Soshawnese.Shoshones. See Shoshonee group;Shoshonees.Shoshoni. See Shoshonees.Shotlemamish (Hotlimamish, S'hotle-ma-mish), brief account of, v,700location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Srootle-ma-mish.Shoto, location, ni, 570population, ni, 570Shou a gan, census of, v, 489language, v, 489Shregegon. See Schre-gon.Shutaunomanok. See Cho-tan-o-man-as.Shuttle, bone, illustration, i, 89use and description, i, 88Shuyelpes, maps showing location, ni,96, 200See also Colville.Shyennes, classification, ni, 402See also Cheyenne.Sia. See Cia ; Silla.Siahs (Sians), location, hi, 139Siarh yoholo, of Tuck a batch cha town,iv, 575Siba, the chief, meaning of name, in,303Siberia, inscriptions, i, 424Sibley, H. H., buffalo hunting describedby, iv, 94-110 ; v, 49Sicaunies, an Athapascan tribe, ni, 542population, ii, 28Sichomovi. See Chemovi.Sick naa hutty, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census of, v, 489Sickness, attitude toward patient, i, 249ceremony of curing, v, 422-423See also Disease ; Medical practices.Sicopan tribe, hostilities with, vi, 92Siege of Fort Detroit, journal giving de-tails, H, 242-308Siginoc, signature of, n, 226Sign language. See Pictography.Signals, trees used for, in, 150-151Signatures, pictographs used as, n, 226
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 213Siknahadi. See Sick naa hutty.Siksika. See Blackfeet ; Pawkees ; Sa-sitka; Sitkeas.Silela. See Shallalah.Silla (Sille), another name for Cia, rv,35Chia identified as, iv, 39language, v, 689population, i, 519 ; in, 633Sille. See Silla.Silliman, Prof. Benjamin, measure-ments of hair of, in, 383Silures, probable origin, v, 34Silver, destruction of articles, iv, 450in Michigan, i, 161value placed on, by the Indian, i, 93Silver Bluffs, Uchees at, in, 26, 27Silversmiths, ancient, skill of, iv, 451-452Similoculgee, Creek name for the Sem-inole, iv, 380See also Seminole.Simonds, James, survey conducted by,v, 675Simonise, William S., song presented by,u, 309Sinaahmish, a Skagit division, v, 704census, v, 704location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704 ; vi, 703Sinahamish (Sinahemish, Sinahomish),bands, v, 704brief account of, v, 701census v, 701, 704location, v, 704 ; vr, 703population, i, 521 ; v, 704 ; vi, 703Bee also Sinnamish ; Snohomish.Sinahemish, Sinahomish. Bee Sina-hamish.Sinahomish (Sinabomish) River, bandson, vi, 703Indian population, v, 491Sinamish of Whidley's Island, popula-tion, vi, 701Sinclair, Lt., commandant at Michili-mackinac, vr, 256feat accomplished by, vi, 256Sinclair River, probable origin of name,vi, 256Singsing, derivation of name, rv, 380origin, vi, 116
Sinhumamish (Spokane), population,hi, 632 ; v, 707 ; vi, 700See also Larlielo ; Spokanes.Sinicker (Sinikers), a name for theSenecas, iv, 332, 605warriors, iv, 605See also Senecas.Sinker, Pennacook, illustrated, iv, 175Sinnamish, included in Qualliamish, vi,688population, i, 521 ; vi, 688See also Sinahamish.Sin-ne-gars, a name for Senecas, vi, 326See also Senecas.Sinojos, a branch of the Ottowas, rn,554Sinslaw. See Sheastuckles.Sintsinks. See Singsing.Sioto River, tribe dwelling on, vi, 714Siouan group (stock), a linguistic stock,i, 197 ; in, 402tribes composing, i, 197; in, 593-594 ; vi, 34Siouan languages, publications in, iv,546-551See also Sioux language and undertribal names.Sioux (Scious), in, 557; vr, 375Algonquin name for, v, 193alliance with Menomonie, i, 304and Chippewas, hostilities between,i, 142, 143 ; ii, 547-548 ; v, 98-99,524peace negotiations, i, 338and Snake Indians, war-ground, i,200appropriation for, n, 564attack on Delawares, vi, 543attack on Pawnees, iv, 466battle with Ojibwas, n, 143, 149-150, 151beliefs, n, 175, 177, 178census, in, 621-628 ; v, 701-702chief, in, 568country occupied by, i, 197 ; in, 594
;
vr, 275, 3S4, 705description of ceremony, v, 435divisions, n, 168-169; v, 435driven from Pillager territory, v,184enemies of Mandans, in, 253evacuation of Lake Winnipeg, n,151funds required, n, 573-574
214 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Sioux?Continuedlands, iv, 464-465ceded by, n, 604purchased from, ii, 594, 599,601statistics on, n, 606location of towns, rr, 141migration legend, v, 98migrations, n, 172; v, 98modifications of Midawin, v, 428,429name given to rice, i, 187other names, m, 562population, in, 594, 609, 614, 629,631; vi, 275, 276, 688, 705with others (1812), v, 708recommendations concerning, n,548Seven Fires, one of, n, 169totems, in, 557treaties with, v, 499, 500 ; vr, 380use of the word, n, 170village taken by Ojibwas, n, 146warriors, estimate of, in, 557wars, vi, 488with Chippewas, vr, 387-389with Ojibwas, n, 150-160with Pillagers, v, 186-1S7See also Aboinug; Blackfeet Sioux ;Brules ; Bwoin ; Dakota ; Sioux ofthe Meadows; Sioux of the Mis-sissippi; Sioux of the Missouri;Sioux of the Plains ; Sioux of theWoods.Sioux country, caves described, ii, 95-99description, n, 172-175rich soil, i, 182Sioux language, Lord's Prayer in, v, 592poverty of, vi, 393Sioux of the Meadows (Scious of thePrairies), country occupied, m,559population, ni, 557totems, ni, 557warriors, estimate of, ni, 557, 559See also Tetons.Sioux of the Mississippi, fiscal statis-tics relating to, vi, 720, 721, 723location, vi, 705population, i, 524; vr, 705Sioux of the Missouri, location, vi, 705population, i, 524; vi, 696, 705
Sioux of the Plains, location, vr, 705population, vr, 705Sioux of the Woods, country occupied,m, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 559Sisitonwan, a subdivision of the Isany-ati, i, 248Sisseton. See Sisitonwan; Sissitons;Sussetons.Sissitons (Sessatons), vi, 688Dakotah band, vi, 350language spoken, m, 563leading men, m, 569other names for, in, 563population, in, 563trade, m, 565trading post, in, 567tribal relations, ni, 567warriors, number of, ni, 563See also Seseetoan; Sussetons.Sisters of Loretto, missionary work, v,699Sisters of St. Joseph, missionary work,v, 699Sisticoosta. See Shistacoostee.Sitka [Indians], location, in, 402Sitka [village], tribes trading at, v, 489Sitka. See Tako, Samdan and SitkaIndians.Sitkeas, divisions, in, 252territory occupied, in, 252See also Siksika.Siva, reference to worship, v, 58Six, Chief, pictograph representing, vr,390Six Nations, i, 197address from Committee on IndianAffairs, vi, 293-296annuities, n, 584; vr, 723attitude during Revolutionary War,VI, 277, 281, 283condition, n, 554council held, rv, 339discussion of pamphlet on, i, 125enemies of Ojibwas, n, 139funds required for, n, 573historical sketches of, v, 631-646hunting grounds, v, 667land, ceded by, vi, 323purchased from, n, 593location, n, 36; in, 559, 590mythology, vi, 666-670
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 215Six Nations?Continuedorigin, v, 37peace overtures made by, vi, 254population, total, vi, 718power and influence, v, 481progress, vi, 537relations with the French, v, 522-523treaty made with, vi, 330tribes composing, in, 590; iv, 616war with Canada, in, 518-520warriors, number of, in, 555, 559,561 ; vi, 276See also Five Nations.Si-yante, a Tuolumne band, iv, 407See also Typoxies.Skaddals, location, in, 572population, in, 572, 609 ; v, 706Skadjets, Skagats, Skagets. See Skagittribe.Skagit River, Indians on, v, 491 ; vi, 703Skagit tribe (Skadjets, Skagats,Skagets), brief account of, v, 701divisions, v, 704language, rv, 600location, iv, 598 ; v, 704 ; vi, 703population, i, 521; iv, 598; v, 704;vi, 688, 703Skagots, population, vr, 701Skaisis, maps showing location, in, 96,200See also Koetenay ; Kutenai.Skal-lum. See S'klallams.Skaw-o-mut, or Black Chief, signature,ii, 226Skea-wa-mish, language, iv, 600location, iv, 598population, iv, 598See also Skeysehamish.Skedans. See Skee dans.Skee dans, census of, v, 4S9language, v, 489location, v, 489Skeena Indians, v, 487census, v, 487Indian names for divisions of, v, 487language spoken, v, 487location, v, 487Skeetsomish (Sketsomish) , location, in,572population, m, 572, 609 ; v, 706See also Skitsaih ; Coeur d'Alene.Skeina, a Klamath River village, ni, 150
Skeletal remains, period of decomposi-tion, iv, 129See also Bones; Skulls.Skeleton, gigantic animal, exhibition, i,174
"Skeleton in armor," at Fall River, men-tioned, in, 88discussion of, i, 127-128Skenando, Young, vocabulaiy, n, 482Skenandoa(h), Chief, in, 22; vi, 277,504, 647an Oneida, v, 130at Canandaigua council, vi, 326biography, v, 509-518burial, v, 515, 517character, v, 509, 510, 511, 514death, v, 517friendly to colonies, vi, 280oratory, m, 198 ; iv, 627 ; v, 154, 516,518part taken in Revolutionary War,v, 514personal appearance, v, 509, 514See also Shenandoah.S'ke-tehl-mish, location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703Sketsomish. See Skeetsomish.Skeysehamish (Skeywhamish, Skey-whomish, Skywhamish), a Sin-a-ho-mish band, v, 704brief account of, v, 701location, v, 704 ; vi, 703population, i, 521; v, 704; vi, 688,701, 703Skico, plot revealed by, vr, 91Skidegate. See Skitt de gates.Skidegattz, a linguistic family, m, 402Skidi. See Pani-Mahaws; PawneeLoups.Skihawamish. See Skea - wa - mish
;
Skeysehamish.Skilelamo, vr, 213Skilloot, location, in, 571population, ni, 571, 609See also Caloait.Skin dressing, first process in, i, 91illustration of, n, 67implement used, i, 91implements, illustrated, n, 516method, n, 64 ; in, 214 ; iv, 60-61 ; v,692work of women, i, 91 ; n, 515
216 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Skin, Indian, characteristics, rv, 59, 69,350color, ii, 320; vi, 573peculiarity, v, 216Skins used as currency, ii, 178 ; in, 207used in pictography, vi, 607See also Furs.Skitsaih, classification, m, 402See also Skeetsomish.Skitswish. See Conerd Helene; Coeurd'Alene; Skeetsomish; Skitsaih;Stietshoi.Skittagetan family. See Skidegattz.Skitt de gates, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489S'klallams (Skal-lum, Sklal-lums),bands, v, 703language, iv, 600location, iv, 59S ; v, 703 ; vi, 703population, iv, 598 ; v, 491 ; vi, 703See also Clallam.Skloo, fortifications erected by, vi, 613Skokomish (Shokomish, Sko-sko-mish )
,
brief account of, v, 701language, iv, 600location, iv, 598 ; v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703population, iv, 598 ; v, 491, 703 ; vi,703See also Hokamish.Skookum, evil spirit of Chinooks, vi, 619evil spirit of Oregon Indians, vi, 630Skope-ah-mish, location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703Sko-sko-mish. See Skokomish.Skrcellings, driven from New England,v, 97identified as Esquimaux, n, 28occupants of Vinland, vi, 742Sktahlejum (Sk-tah-le-jum), a Sin-a-ho-mish band, v, 704location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704; vi, 703See also Skuck-stan-a-jumps.Skuck-stan-a-jumps, language, rv, 600location, rv, 59Spopulation, rv, 598Skulls, artificial modification, n, 323-328Chenook, illustrated, n, 318, 320,322description, n, 316-317facial angle, vi, 574
Skulls?Continuedinternal capacity, vi, 574necromantic use of, iv, 4S9-490of early man, n, 319of the Eskimo, v, 291supposed Congaree, described, iv,16S-169Winnebago compared with Chenook,n, 333Winnebago, illustrated, n, 324See also Crania.Skwalz, classification, in, 402See also Nisqually.Slakagulgus, a Creek town, v, 262Slave Indians, beard, n, 322Slavery, absent among Dacotahs, rv, 63among Appalachian tribes, v, 498among Cherokees, vi, 442, 531among Creeks, v, 259-260among Puget Sound Indians, rv,600among southern tribes, vi, 332captives sold into, n, 115Indians sold into, by Whites, n, 20
:
in, 22See also Slaves.Slaves, Chinook, buried with the dead,n, 71Creek, census of, rv, 575-581degradation, ii, 116in United States, statistics, rv, 610living, buried with the dead, n, 71made of captives, n, 116number among the Navaho, i, 244sacrifice of, for the dead, vi, 622status, m, 216treatment, v, 654use made of, by Creeks, vi, 417See also Captives.Slaves, Negro, owned by Chickasaw, v,482owned by Creeks, v, 483Sleeping Stone, reference to massacreof, vi, 119Sloat, Commodore, n, 119Smak shop (Smockskop) band, loca-tion, ni, 114population, in, 570, v, 706Sma-leli-hu (Smalehhu), a Skagit divi-sion, v, 704location, v, 704 ; vx, 703population, v, 704 ; vi, 703Smalihu. See Sma-16h-hu.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 217Smallpox, among prairie tribes, in, 254among the Winnebago, iv, 232among western tribes, vi, 486-487Indian treatment for, i, 234; in,295 ; rv, 512ravages of, i, 257-258; n, 239; in,107; vi, 556.Small Wolf, a Comanche chief, n, 128Smel-ka-mish, location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703Smith, Buckingham, i, 84translations by, in, 297Smith, Capt. David, i, 311Smith, Charles Hamilton, theory of,i, 22Smith, Lt., Constantine, death of, vi, 471Smith, Jedediah S., explorations of, in,136map made by, m, 136Smith, Capt. John, n, 19, 29 ; vi, 128Chesapeake Bay explored by, vi, 131expedition joined by, vr, 96New England named by, vi, 104New England tribes listed by, v, 218saved by Pocahontas, vr, 97Smith, John S. f vocabulary collectedby, in, 446Smith, Rev. Lewis, v, 689Smith, Mr., estimates of number of war-riors, made by, in, 553-561Smith, President, criticism of essay by,v, 82Smith, Dr. Thomas, theory of, on racesof mankind, v, 288-2S9Smith's River, application of the name,in, 137Smithsonian Institution, iv, 132; vi,232, 602publication issued by, iv, 547, 548suggestion to Regents of, iv, 657-661Smockskop band. See Smak shop.Smoking introduced among Dacotahs,nr, 244See also Peace pipe ; Pipes ; Smok-ing customs ; Tobacco.Smoking customs, i, 72-75conclusions drawn from, i, 73-74in ceremonies, v, 169-170See also Pipes; Tobacco.Smoot, Col. B. L., rv, 630Smulkamish. See Smel-ka-mish.Snag, Shoshoni chief, v, 198
Snake. See Serpents.Snake Indians, m, 632 ; vr, 695, 69Sband of Shoshonies, vr, 697census, vi, 556characteristics, i, 219classification, in, 402 ; iv, 551cooking pots, i, 61country of, described, i, 208-211description, i, 202diversified dialects of, i, 206food, i, 221included in Shoshonee group, i, 197language of, cognate with Comache,m, 403population, i, 521, 522; v, 498; vr,689, 695synonym of Shoshonies, v, 198territory inhabited by, i, 206; vi,556war ground of, i, 200See also Green River Snakes; Sho-shonees; Soshawnese.Snake River Indians, vi, 697, 698Snake River Valley, geography, i, 20S-211variations in temperature in, i, 210Snakes proper, population, v, 498Snares, set by children, n, 50Sno-ho-mish, language of, iv, 600location, iv, 598population, rv, 598See also Sinahamish ; Sinnamish.Snoqualamick ( Sno-qual-a-muk, Sno-qual-a-muke, Snoqualimich, Sno-qualmick, Snoqualmook), popu-lation, i, 521 ; iv, 598 ; v, 704 ; vr,689, 701, 703Sno-qual-a-muk ( Sno-qual-a-muke )
.
See Snoqualamick.Sno-qual-a-muke, language of, rv, 600location, rv, 598 ; v, 704 ; vi, 703Snoqualimich. See Snoqualamick.Snoqualmick ( Snoqualmook, a Sin-a-ho-mish band, v, 704brief account of, v, 701See Snoqualamick.Snoqualmook, census of, v, 704Snoqualmu. See Snoqualamick.Sno-qua-mish, language of, rv, 600location, iv, 598population, i, 521 ; rv, 598 ; vr, 689,701
218 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Snowshoes, Athapascan, described, v,177-178Chippewa female, illustrated, v, 147illustrations of, in, 68making, described, in, 68Snow snakes, illustrations, n, 516instruments used in game, n, 516Soccorro. See Socorro.Social organization, antiquity of, m, 62Apache, v, 210Chickasaw, i, 311Creek, i, 274-277 ; v, 279Delaware, v, 136necessities for, i, 207Snake Indians, i, 207See also Caste; Chieftaincy; Fam-ily; Relationship; Tribal organ-ization.Social relations within the tribe, n,74-76Societies. See Secret societies.Society for the Propagation of the Gos-pel among Indians of NorthAmerica, missions of, vi, 737Society for the Propagation of theGospel in Foreign Parts, workof, v, 502, 503; vi, 734, 735, 736Society for the Propagation of the Gos-pel in New England, work of,vi, 108, 734, 735, 736Society of Friends, missionary work of,vi, 737Society of Jesus, missions of, vi, 735Society of the United Moravian Breth-ren, missionary work of, v, 502,503Sock-a-muke, language of, rv, 600location, iv, 598population, rv, 598See also Sakumehu.Sock o par toy, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578Socorro (Soccorro), m, 633population, i, 519 ; vi, 689Sogahatches, a Creek town, v, 262Soguspogus, a Creek town, v, 262Sohokies. See Sokokies.Sohoshonee, native name for Shoshonee,1,206Soiengarahta. See King Hendrick.Soi it inu, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v. 488
Sokchit. See So-kea-keit.So-kea-keit, a Trinity River village, m,139Sokokies, location, in, 512See also Sacos.So-ko-pe-chi, Chief, in, 404Sokulk, location, in, 570population, in, 570 ; v, 706See also Lokulk.Soledad, population of, i, 520Solis, Don Antonio, i, 19Solomon, dispatch of vessels by, v, 88Somers, Sir George, vi, 96Songs, bewailing the dead, iv, 71; vi,621brevity of; in, 231Carib, words and music of, n, 312character, in, 326 ; iv, 71Cherokee, of friendship, v, 564children's, to firefly, v, 564Chippewa, music of, v, 562words of, v, 559-564corn husking, v, 563-564lack, among the Sioux, vi, 70literal translations, v, 559-564magic, words of, n, 223mnemonic devices used for, i, 401-411; vi, 606of Anacoana, n, 309, 312of death, n, 62of love, Chippewa, v, 559-562of love, symbols of, i, 403^04of the Frog, in, 329of the medicine man, v, 439of the Midawin, v, 429, 430, 431of victory, n, 60-61of war, 59, 60, 61-62 ; v, 562preserved in carved wood, i, 112recorded by symbols, i, 335, 339 ; iv,251 ; v, 245sung to children, iv, 72symbols of, explained, i, 368-380symbols for, illustrated, i, 361, 373use of music-boards in, i, 361use in incantations, v, 397use in worship, rv, 71-72Wabeno, pictographs of, vr, 397synopsis of, i, 380-381with translations, v, 611-612words and meaning of, i, 362-366,368-380See also Chants ; Hymns ; Music.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES* 219Song-uk-um-ig, brief biography of, 11,166-167Sonoma Valley, Indian population of,in, 634origin of name of, in, 421Sonontwheronons, a synonym of Sene-cas, iv, 207Soocheah, derivation of the name, rv,381Soos, brief account of, in, 560warriors, in, 566See also Dakota.Sopete, Spaniards warned by, rv, 30Soquamish. See Suquamish.Soquoiah, reference to ancestry of, v,102See also Sequoia.Sorcerers, classification of, n, 224harm done by, iv, 637Sorcerer's bowls, described and illus-trated, iv, 492-494Sorcery, belief in, of the Dacotahs, in,225See also Witchcraft.Soshawnese (Soshonees), rv, 551country occupied by, in, 597population, in, 597See also Shoshonees.Sosokos, bands of, among the "Diggers,"v, 199Sougoha tehee, derivation of the name,rv, 381Souharissen, chief of the Neutral Na-tion, rv, 205Souhegan River, Indians of, v, 221Souhegans, origin of the name, v, 221subservient to Pennacooks, vi, 222Souikilas, in, 559warriors, estimate of, in, 557, 559Soul, beliefs concerning, i, 33, 83, 87 ; in,60, 229, 232; iv, 70, 225, 665; v,79 ; vi, 637-638, 658, 664dual nature of, vi, 664, 665of animals, belief in, v, 408See also Spirits, of the dead.Souriquois, cooking methods, i, 81population, i, 524 ; vi, 689reference to language of, in, 512See also Micmacs.Souteus, a synonym of Chippeway, m,556South Bay, Indians of, vi, 703population, v, 491
South Carolina, antiquities from, illus-trated, vi, 74, 179antiquities of, rv, 155-169, 170-172archeological remains in, n, 88-89
;
vi, 182arrival of Ribault in, vi, 73attempts to colonize, in, 24-27Indian lands in, ni, 583, 586 ; v, 480number of Indians in, ni, 583, 586v, 480occupation of, vi, 179population and area, iv, 610tribes of, v, 42 ; vi, 31-32Southampton River, Indians of, v, 37South Kingston, R. I., Indian fort at, vi,162South Yanktons, a Yankton band, n, 169Sowahagen Indians, Eliot's preachingto, v, 233territory occupied by, v, 233Sowans, vi, 689census of, vi, 556location, vi, 556, 695population, vi, 695Sow-a-to, Caddo name for Comanches,n, 126Sow-er-ette, chief of Uinta Utahs, rv,596Sow ga hatch cha, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578So woe co lo, a Lower Creek town, rv, 578Soyennow. See Sagennom.Spaniards, atrocities practiced by, n,311Indian revolt against, v, 206policy toward Indians, m, 23-24Spanish explorations, vi, 38-39; 44-47Spanish Hill, embankments on, v, 667Sparks, Col. Richard, iv, 629-632Chief Logan discussed by, iv, 631Cresap exonerated by, vi, 264, 265Shawnee captive, iv, 623, 625statement of, rv, 623-625, 627-629Spear heads, description of, iv, 159illustration of, in, 468preparation of flints for, in, 467Spears, description and use of, i, 87, 213
;
n, 515 ; in, 214illustrations of, n, 516 ; m, 214Species, use of the term, iv, 354936706?54- -15
220 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Speeches, of Elskatawa, iv, 259-262of Logan, iv, 615of Thanayeison, iv, 256of Wabashaw, iv, 258-259See also Oratory.Spelman, Peter, mission of, to Sir Wil-liam Johnson, vi, 132Spindle, ancient use of, vi, 610use by Aztecs, iv, 441-443Spinning, aboriginal periods indicatedby, iv, 138-139among the Caribs, iv, 443Aztec method, iv, 441-442Pueblo, illustrated, vi, 71See also Weaving.Spirits, beliefs concerning, in, 231, 232-233 ; iv, 636 ; v, 72-75evil, belief in, iv, 329, 490-491; v,404-405exorcism of, vi, 619, 620explanation of numbers of, v, 416good and evil, belief in, v, 407-408
;
vi, 658-659intercessors with, iv, 638of ancestors, belief concerning, v,104of the dead, n, 195, 199 ; iv, 78worship of, in, 492See also Dryads ; Guardian Spirits ;Manitos.Spoak oak hargo, a Creek chief, iv, 576Spoak oake micco, a Creek chief, iv, 576Spokan. See Spokanes.Spokanes (Spokans), in, 632; vi, 687maps showing location, in, 96, 200marriage customs, v, 654nature of lands of, v, 656population, i, 521 ; v, 490, 705, 706,707 ; vi, 700, 701territory occupied by, v, 490See also Larlielo ; Siuhumanish.Spoon, Indian, illustration of, i, 103Sprague, Capt. John T., census reportof, i, 522Spring, sacred, in the Navajo country,iv, 213Springfield, Mass., Indian attack on,vi, 160Squahsinawmish ( Squaks'namish )
,
brief account of, v, 700census, v, 704See also Quash-sua-mish.
Squai-aitl, a Sa-wa-wish band, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 703; vi, 703Squaks'namish. See Squahsinawmish.Squalliamish ( Squalli-ah-mish, Sqnally-ah-mish, Squallyamish), bandsof, v, 703brief account of, v, 701census, v, 704language, iv, 600location, iv, 598 ; v, 703 ; vi, 703population, rv, 598; v, 703; vi, 701,703Squalli-ah-mish. See Squalliamish.Squally-ah-mish. See also Nisqually
;
Oualliamish ; Skwalz ; Squalli-amish ; Squallyamish.Squam, origin of name, v, 221Squamacross, population of, v, 706See also Squannaroos.Squamsauke, origin of name, v, 221Squamscotts, derivation of name, v,222-223location, v, 223members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 222Squa-na-mish, language of, iv, 600location, iv, 598population, iv, 598Squannaroos, location of, in, 572population, in, 572See also Squamacross.Squares, public, Creek, described, v,264-265diagram showing, v, 264use of, v, 265Squaxon. See Quash-sua-mish ; Squah-sinawmish.Squeailips ( Squiaelps) , population of, i,521; vi, 701See also PonderasSquiaelps. See Squeailips.Squiatl. See Squai-aitl.Squier, Ephraim G. f discussion of workof, iv, 116reference to work of, i, 47Squier, E. G., and Davis, Dr., work of,vi, 602Squinamish, a Skagit division, v, 704location, v, 704; vi, 703population, v, 704; vi, 703
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 221Srootlenia-mish, language of, iv, 600location, iv, 598population, iv, 598See also Shotleinamish.Stafford, Captain, mission of, vi, 92Staitan. See Marlain.Staktamish (Staktomish), brief ac-count of, v, 701census, v, 704Stanley, Mr., Indian population esti-mated by, vi, 698Stansbury, Capt., in, 493 ; iv, 252Starling, E. A., report of, rv, 598-602Stars, beliefs concerning, i, 271, 272;in, 276Indian knowledge of, in, 228See also Constellation.Statements, financial, by Indian Office,n, 561-564 ; rv, 569-570of Creek annuities, rv, 571of investments by Creeks, rv, 571regarding public lands, n, 590-592Statistical tables concerning Indians,in, 553-634Statistics, and population, n, 545-608
;
iv, 565-610 ; v, 479-506concerning Indians of upper Missis-sippi, in, 562-569difficulties in obtaining, i, 436fiscal, relating to Indians, vr, 719-725of education and Christianity, vi,731-741of fur trade, vi, 726-730vital and industrial, i, 439-524Stature of American Indians, n, 317-318 ; rv, 349-350Staughton, Capt., part taken by, inPequot War, vi, 122Staved Rock, v, 192Stealing. See Theft.Steam-bath. See Sweat-house; Vapor-bath.Steatite, pipes made of, v, 178Stehchasamish, a Sawamish band, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703See also Stitchassamish.Stehllum, a S'kallam band, v, 703location, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 491, 703 ; vr, 703Stehtlum. See Stehllum.
Stehtsasamish. See Steh-cha-sa-mish
;
Stitchassamish.Steilacoom, rv, 599Steilacoomish (Steil-a-coom-a-mish), lo-cation, v, 491, 703; vr, 703population, v, 491, 703 ; vi, 703Stem, Jesse, reports by, in, 635 ; vi, 699Stephens, John L., petition signed by,in, 618Stephens and Catherwood, antiquitiesdescribed by, vr, 582Steppes or terraces of western NewYork, i, 163-165Sterility among Indians, in, 211Sterling, Capt, n, 307-308Stetson, L., petition signed by, in, 618Stevens, Gov. I. I., v, 50expedition under, iv, 181population report by, v, 703, 704,705 ; vi, 698, 700reference to survey by, v, 664, 665report of, on the Blackfeet, vi, 698-699report of, quoted, vr, 612Stevens, W. J., in, 155Stevenson, Andrew, communication ad-dressed to, rn, 588Stewart, H. H., acknowledgment to, in,375Stietshoi (Stietshos), maps showing lo-cation of, ni, 96, 200See also Stitswish.Stietshos. See Stietshoi.Stikeen, tribes trading at, v, 489Stikeen Indians, v, 489census, v, 489divisions, v, 489language, v, 489Stikine. See Stikeen.Stiles, Dr., vr, 602Stilla-qua-mish, language, rv, 600location, iv, 598population, rv, 598See also Stoluchwamish.Stillman, Maj., retreat of, before BlackHawk, vr, 451Stitchassamish ( Stitcheosawmish )
,
brief account of, v, 700See also Stehchasamish.Stitcheo-saw-mish, language of, iv, 600location, rv, 598population, rv, 598See Stitchassamish.
222 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Stitcheycornoleo, of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575St-ka-mish, location of, v, 703 ; vi, 703population, v, 703 ; vi, 703Stockaded works encountered by DeSoto, iv, 124Stockbridge language, an Algonquindialect, h, 341Stockbridges, vi, 488, 687, 689admitted to Delaware bands, iv, 572also called Mobegans, v, 41at Canandaigua convocation, vi, 326census, in, 621-628classification, v, 145condition, after removal, vr, 542,544conference with, v, 667country occupied by, vr, 705funds required for, rr, 573in Kanzas, payments made to, vi,720location, m, 583 ; v, 495 ; vi, 504map showing, in, 96migrations, vr, 504, 505missing work among, vi, 734, 737,738name for Mohicans, vr, 324on Delaware lands, iv, 572original home, v, 495population, i, 524 ; in, 583 ; iv, 572
;
v, 495 ; vi, 689, 705, 707received by the Oneidas, iv, 563reference to dialect of, ni, 96removal, vr, 536condition after, vr, 542, 544See also Housatonics; Stockbridges,West ; Stockbridges and Munsees.Stockbridges, West, census of, i, 488-497geographical position, i, 488Stockbridges and Munsees, fiscal statis-tics relating to, vi, 722investments for, n, 563population, vr, 707removal, n, 551 ; rv, 463See also Stockbridges ; Munsees.Stoicism, absence of among KlamathRiver Indians, in, 176Indian characteristic, in, 58, 212Indian, ni, 245; iv, 54; v, 56, 105See also Imperturbability.
Stoluchwamisb, location of, v, 704; vi,703population of, v, 491, 704; vi, 703See also Stilla-qua-mish.Stone, Charles, murder of, in, 109Stone, Col. W. L., biographer of JosephBrant, rv, 345, 526Stone, Aztec sacrificial, description of,vi, 586Stone, sculptured, Mexican, vr, 579, 585-587pipes of, i, 72-75See also Inscriptions.Stone bill. See Mace.Stone Giants. See Stonish Giants.Stone heaps, a memorial to the dead,rv, 156purpose of, v, 104 ; vr, 613significance of, in, 174supposed use of, ni, 206Stone mirrors of the Peruvians, de-scribed, v, 91-92Stones, discoidal, description of, i, 82-83illustration of, i, 86painted, symbolic use of, in, 229perforated, i, 170Stones and story telling. See Tales.Stonestreet, Rev. Charles, v, 699Stonework. See Implements; Pipes;Tubes; Weapons.Stonington, Mohegans at, I, 524Stonington Indians, land claimed by, ni,583location, m, 583population, m, 583Stonish (Stone) Giants, description of,I, 430illustration showing, i, 430Indian name for mail-clad men, i,430legend of, v, 637, 642Stonoes, subordinate tribe of the Ca-tawbas, vr, 179Story, Judge, v, 104name suggested by, v, 287Strahlenberg, inscriptions copied from,i, 424Straits of Fuca, Indians of, vr, 703Streams diminishing toward outlet, i,208
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 223
"Striking the Post," ceremony of, in,64illustration of, in, 64Strong, Leonard, signer of Indiantreaty, vi, 144Strong-bows, v, 179an Athapascan tribe, in, 542population of, n, 27Strong Ground, n, 161, 162Strope, Sebastian, family of, capturedby Indians, v, 670Structures, Indian, v, 391-393Strut, J. M., in, 377Stuart, Capt., saved by Attakullakulla,vi, 241Stump, Stoffel, iv, 325, 330, 335, 340Sualatine (Sualtine), population of, i,521, vi, 689, 701Subsistence. See Food; Clothing;Dwellings.
"Succutash," an Indian dish, i, 80Suchamier (Suckamier) Indians, I,521 ; vi, 689Sudbury, attacked by Indians, vi, 165Sugar camp, illustration of, n, 59Sugar-Eaters. Bee Penointik-ara.Sugarmaking described, n, 55-56Sugar-pines, description of, m, 154-155Sug-waum-dug-ah-win-ine-wug, separa-tion of, from Ojibwas, n, 139Suiaton and Wapaton Sioux, popula-tion of, vi, 707Suicide, causes of, v, 272Sukkwan. See Shou a gan.Sullivan, Gen., expedition commandedby, vi, 308-311fort erected by, v, 667Indians defeated by, v, 667result of expedition of, vi, 312Sumach, use of, iv, 243Sumdum. See Tako, Samdan andSitka Indians.Sumner, Col., expedition of, iv, 210Sumonpavi, population of, i, 519Sun, as a symbol of deity, v, 407belief concerning, i, 271; iv, 236,239 ; v, 416dance to, iv, 63pictorial representations of, v, 402reference to supplications to, v, 69symbols of, in pictography, vr, 629temple to, v, 89Sun dance, performance of, iv, 63
Sunday, John, the evangelist, i, 396Sundown, mention of trial of, for mur-der, v, 669Sunkive fork, fortifications on, vr, 613Sunrise, mention of ceremony at, v, 170Sunset Indians, a synonym of Natchez,v, 260Sun worship, i, 30 ; vi, 626-630among Aztecs and Toltecs, in, 60among tribes of United States re-gion, m, 227 ; v, 103-104as evidence of Toltec influence, iv,148at Cuzco, v, 94ceremony of, v, 68evidence of prevalence of, v, 63-64explained by Indian prophet, iv,639foundation of Indian religion, v, 29illustration showing, in, 227in Mexico, v, 103indicating Indian origin, v, 69north of Mexico, vi, 592-593northward trend of, iv, 123of American Indians, iv, 664-665of Florida tribes, v, 99of Peruvians, reference to, v, 63of the Natchez, rv, 123 ; v, 68origin of, i, 30songs indicating, v, 64spread of, v, 30widespread practice of, iv, 639Superstitions, of the Algonquins, vi,658-663See also Beliefs.Suquamish (Soquamish, Su-qua-mish),and Toanda, population of, v, 705brief account of, v, 700census, v, 704location, v, 703; vi, 703population, v, 703; vr, 703Surgery, of the Winnebagoes, iv, 243Sursees. See Sarsees.Survey of Northern Railroad Route, v,665Sus ke ne hau of Tuck a bat cha Town,re, 575Susquehanna, Indian pronounciationof, v, 669Susquehanna River, Indians of, v, 38,137, 138, 668 ; vi, 714
224 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Susquehannah Valley, difficulties ofsettlers in, iv, 618tribes of, iv, 617Susquehannas (Susquehannocks), iv,617 ; v, 122 ; vi, 105brief description of, vi, 128colony in territory of, vi, 744extermination, v, 137 ; vi, 130, 145final disposition, vi, 136history, vi, 134-136, 142-145hostilities, with colonists, vi, 143identical with Conestogues, vi, 138land ceded by, vi, 144language, vi, 140, 141name, discussion of, vi, 177population, vi, 131synonym of Andastes, vi, 138territory claimed by, vi, 134occupied by, v, 38; vi, 32, 131See also Andastes ; Conestogo.Susquehannocks. See Susquehannas.Sussees. See Sarsees.Sussetons (Susseeton, Sussetonwah), adivision of the Sioux, ii, 168,169; m, 612synonym of the Sissetons, vi, 689See also Sissitons.Suwanee River, probable derivation ofname, in, 29Swagatchey, tribe dwelling at, vi, 714Swamscot, origin of name, v, 221Swan, Maj. Caleb, account by, of CreekIndians, v, 251-283Creek arts described by, v, 691-693Creek towns listed by, vi, 369journal of, v, 253-254reference to visit of, to the Creeks,v, 660Swan, James G., burial customsdescribed by, vi, 619-623Swan Creek and Black River Chippe-was, iv, 461population of, i, 524; vi, 689Sweat bath. See Vapor-bath.Sweat-house, Clear Lake Indian,described, m, 107See also Vapor-bath lodge.Swedish colony on the Delaware, vi, 137Swedish settlement, purchase of landfor, vi, 142Sweet potato. See Batata.Sweet-water Valley, described, i, 201Swegachi Indians, vx, 230
Swiss missionaries, labors of, v, 697Swo-da-mish, a Skagit division, v, 704location, v, 704 ; vi, 703population, v, 704 ; vi, 703Sybert's Fort, Shawnee massacre ofgarrison at, vi, 300Symbolism, in pictographs. n, 68in worship, n, 68of black, ii, 68of the serpent, v, 105Symbols, animal, use of, in, 273use of, by Indians, iv, 251-252 ; v,245use of, in heraldry and records, in,273use of, to convey messages, 306-308See also Pictographs.Symbols, mnemonic, for music, n, 226-228for music, illustrated, n, 228use of, i, 401-411See also Mnemonic devices.Symington, Rev. R. S., acknowledgmentto, ill, 376Syphilis, treatment for, iv, 515TTabah-tea, language of, in, 112Tabeau, M., ni, 355Tab-hu-sca, Chief, rv, 540Tabittikis, number of warriors of, in,555See also Abittibi.Taboos, among the Sioux, n, 175concerning food, iv, 214concerning names, n, 196concerning names of the dead, iv,226 ; vi, 633concerning species of hawk, in, 273Dacotah, m, 230during busk ceremonials, v, 268food, California Indians, v, 215, 217Clear Lake Indians, in, 113Wee-yot, in, 128menstrual, in, 227, 230; v, 70, 271strict observance of, in, 243See also Catamenial customs.Tacco, tribes visiting, v, 489Taccully. See Tacullies.Taciturnity, an Indian trait, in, 59Tacitus, quoted on the Silures, v, 34Taconnet. See Taughtanakagnes.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 225Tacquiinenon River, census of Indiansof, i, 458-467Tachies, classification of, m, 402Tacullies (Taccully, Tahculi, Tecullies,Tucullies), an Athapascan tribe,in, 542classification, in, 401cremation practiced by, i, 102; v,29, 59population, n, 28Ta-eeteetan, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census, v, 489Taensa, mention of language of, v, 99Tagas, location, vi, 710Tahculi or Carriers. See Tacullies.Tah-ga-yu-ta, Indian name for Logan(q. v.), iv, 616, 647Tahlequah, report on Bible Society at,iv, 589Tah-le-wah language, vocabulary of, in,440-445Tah-le-wah vocabulary, possible use of,m, 422Tah-le-wahs. See Tol-e-wahs.Tahlkoedi. See Talquatee.Tah-wac-car-i os ( Tah-wae-carras )
,
name for Comanches, ii, 126population of, i, 518 ; vi, 708See also Tawakoni.Tah-wae-carras. See Tah-wac-car-cos.Taignoagny, a captive Iroquois, vi, 54,55Taikus. See Tagas.Tai-tin-a-pam (Taitinapan, Tintina-pain), v, 490location, v, 490, 703 ; vr, 703population, v, 490, 703 ; vi, 703Takawaros, treaty with, vi, 489See also Tawakoni.Takimilding. See Up-le-goh.Tako, Samdan and Sitka Indians, cen-sus of, v, 489Taku. See Tako.Takug, Chief, Hurons led by, at Siege ofDetroit, ii, 281Takulli. See Tacullies.Takuxkanxkan, a Dakotah god, vi, 651description of, re, 645Talassehatchi. See Tal le se hatch ee.Talatui, an upper California language,hi, 402
Tales, Indian, analysis of, v, 246mind revealed by, v, 411Tales, telling of, in, 233, 314, 492; iv,70transformation the basis of, vi, 662See also Allegory ; Legends ; Origintraditions.Talise, a fortified village, iv, 124a synonym for Tallisee (q. v.), n,34Talladega (Talledega), a Creek town,iv, 576, 578battle at, vi, 367, 370, 379leading men of, iv, 576Tallageewi (Tallagewy; Talligewi), aname for the Alleghans, v, 98, 133identified as Cherokee, n, 36 ; vi, 33See Tallagewy.Tallagewy. See also Allegans; Chero-kee.Tallahassee, derivation of the name, iv,381wintering place of De Soto, in, 40Tallapoosa (Tallapoosee) River, bat-tles on, with Indians, vr, 371-372,402description of, v, 256-257Tallapoosa River region, Indians of, vr,32Tal la se hatch ee (Tullushatchestown), an Upper Creek town, rv,578battle at, vi, 367, 370, 379Tal la se mic co, chief of Hatchee-chubba, iv, 580Tallassees, attitude of, in SeminoleWar, vi, 469Talledega. See Talladega.Tallequah, general council at, i, 277Tallialtus, chief of the Maquelnoten, vr.702Talligewi. See Tallageewi.Tal lip se hogy, an Upper Creek town,rv, 578Tallisee (Talisee), an Upper Creektown, rv, 575, 578chiefs of, rv, 575derivation of name, rv, 380Tallmadge, James, petition signed by,in, 618Tally, Chief, rv, 593Tally's band, robbed of horses, rv, 593
226 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Talmachussa, an Upper Creek town, iv,578Talmanetesa, chief of the Tototen, vi,702Tal marse har jo, a Coweta Town chief,iv, 579Tal qua tee, a Stikeen River tribe, v,489census, v, 489Tamajabs, in, 298Tarnanend, m, 57Tamarais. See Tamaroas.Tamaroas (Tamarais, Tamorois), an-nuities of, n, 588missionary work among, vi, 734,735warriors, number of, in, 555Tamaulipas, antiquities in, vi, 581Tamenund. See Tammany.Tammany (Tamenund), v, 121a Manhattan, v, 130country ruled by, vr, 744Tamor of Sathoual, pictograph madeby, i, 430Tamorois. See Tamaroas.Tampa, Fla., arrival of De Soto at siteof, vi, 59Tampa Bay, De Soto's name for, ni,35landing place of Narvaez, in, 28Narvaez' name for, in 35,Tanacharisson, Chief, vi, 224, 237friend of the English, vi, 219, 228friendly to Virginians, vi, 278meeting with Washington, vi, 213,214Tan-a-kee, Shoshoni chief, v, 198Tanico, vi, 66probable location of, iv, 315Tanima. See Ten-a-wish.Tanner, John, account of life of, iv,536Gospel translated by, iv, 536-537Tanning of leather, unknown to In-dians, in, 66Tanochtitlan, founding of, vi, 596Tanoque, Indian name for Galisteo, in,298Tanoquevi, population of, i, 519See also Harno.Tansauhot-dinneh, the Copper-mine In-dians, in, 542Tantos. See Tontos.
Taoapa. See Little Six's band.Taos, iv, 216Braba identified as, iv, 39language of, v, 689population, i, 519 ; in, 633 ; vi, 689,697, 709See also Braba.Taos Indians, emigration of, iv, 221Taos Utahs, a division of the Utahs, vi,697Tapanses (Tappensees), location of, vr,147origin, vi, 116Tappan (Tappensees). See Tapanses.Tapuyas, location of, m, 533Tarenyawago(n), i, 13, 18; in, 528an Iroquois divinity, v, 157 ; vi, 188Iroquois belief concerning, v, 75story of, in, 314-317See also Tau-lon-ghy-au-wan-goon.Tarhe, Shawnee chief, at treaty nego-tiations, vi, 330called "the Crane," vi, 344condemned to stake, rv, 258death of, v, 141 ; vi, 353treaty signed by, vr, 344Tarranteens. See Tarratines.Tarratines (Tarranteens, Tarrenteens,Terentines, Tarentines), a namegiven to Micmacs, v, 219enemies of Pennacooks, v, 231listed by Capt. John Smith, v, 218name for the Abenakis (Abinaqui),ni, 513; vi, 174war of extermination waged by,v, 219See also Abnaki.Tartary, inscriptions of, i, 424Tascalusa (Tascaluza). See Tusca-loosa.Tash-huan-ta, a Trinity River village,ni, 139Tatobam, vr, 111Tatsanottine. See Copper-mine Indi-ans.Tattooed People, Arapaho name forthemselves, v, 496Tattooing, among the Bonaks, rv, 223among the Wee-yot, ni, 127custom of, in, 220of the Klamath, in, 142, 175tribes practicing, v, 216
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 227Taughtanakagnes, listed by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Tau-lon-ghy-au-wan-goon, myth concern-ing, vi, 668-670Tawacanies (Tawacarros, Tawakeroes),brief account of, I, 239-240classification, m, 402population, vr, 689See also Tawakoni.Tawacarros. See Tawacanies.Tawackguano, a synonym of Nanticokes(q. v.), vi, 131Ta-wai-ta, Chief, v, 653Tawakeroes. See Tawacanies.Tawakoni. See Tah-wac-carros ; Taka-waros ; Tawacanies ; Towacar-ros; Towekas; Yo-woc-o-nees.Tawanaheh, an Osage chief, iv, 274Ta-wan-e-ars, Indian name of GovernorBlacksnake, v, 673Tawanima, an Arkansas village, in, 537Tawas, brief account of, hi, 560estimate of warriors, hi, 560See also Ottawas.Tawasas, a Creek town, v, 262Tawehash. See Torinash; Tow-e-ash.Taw-nee-nuk-kaw (Taw-ne-nuk-kaw )
,
an account of, iv, 235tradition related by, iv, 230Winnebago war chief, iv, 51Taw-nu-nuk's Band, census of, I, 498-507Taw warsa, an Upper Creek town, iv,578Taxes, paid in cotton, rv, 443-444See also Tribute.Taylor, Gen., vi, 476Taylor, Zachary, Fort Harrison de-fended by, vr, 359Tay-waugh language, pueblos speaking,v, 689Tchai-noh, a Klamath River village, hi,150Tcho-ko-yem, a band of Sonoma Valley,hi, 421Tcho-ko-yem language, vocabulary of,ni, 428-434Tcho-lo-lah, name for Bald Hill Indians(q. v.), in, 139Tchuckti, classification of, rv, 559Tchudi, opinion of, regarding Peruvianskulls, H, 326Tchuktchi, dialect of, n, 28
Teananstayae, a Huron town, iv, 206Tecarahaga, meaning of term, hi, 62;iv, 480-481Tecomimoni, hi, 556number of warriors, in, 556Tecpanecs of Acapulco, Chichemecasdisplaced by, v, 95chronology of dynasty of, v, 97Tecpanics, hi, 515Tecullies. See Tacullies.Tecumseh, i, 17-18 ; m, 57, 59 ; rv, 115,557 ; v, 139, 141 ; vi, 248, 449, 647activities of, iv, 258, 259actual position of, iv, 481at Detroit, vx, 382death of, in battle, vi, 363doctrine of, v, 151influence of, in, 279 ; vr, 365opposition to advance of Whites, v,45protests to British generals, vi, 363war instigated by, vi, 357-363, 374Tediscund, a Delaware chief, vi, 132Teepee. See Lodge.Tehona, a synonym of Tigonex, iv, 40Tehoseroron, Indian name for Buffalo,N. Y., rv, 563meaning of name, rv, 563Tejas (Teyans, Teyas), country inhab-ited by, rv, 37guides for Coronado, rv, 31identified as Comanches, iv, 35map showing location, iv, 39name of Texas derived from, iv, 35probable identity, iv, 35See also Texas tribes.Tejon Reservation, condition of Indianson, vi, 715-716population, vi, 715Tejuas, at Moqui village, in, 298color of, hi, 298map showing location of, hi, 96See also Tesuque.Telhuemit, population of, vr, 702Temple, Natchez, ceremony at, v, 170description of, vr, 627Temple, Sir Thomas, land granted to, v,675Temples, northern limit of, rv, 123Tenaktak. See Tenuckttan.Tenawa, a Comanche division, i, 230;v, 575region occupied by, i, 230
228 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Ten Broeck, Dr. P. G. S., v, 203extracts from journal of, iv, 72-91Zuni population estimated by, v, 484Tennent, Wm., missionary work of, vi,734Tennessee, admission of, to the Union,vi, 393Indian lands in, m, 584, 586Indian population of, in, 584, 586
;
v, 481population and area of, iv, 610Tennessee River, former name of, vi, 238Tenpenny Utahs, a division of theUtahs, vi, 697population of, vi, 697See also Timbabachis.Tensaw, Creek attack on fort at, vr, 362Tenskwatawa. See Elskwatawa.Tenuchtitlan, founding of, vi, 742Te-nuckt-tau, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census of, v, 488Tenuskund, reference to speech of, vr,300Teocalli, meaning of the name, v, 29mounds likened to, n, 83, 84Te-ok-a-wilk, hill tribe near HumboldtBay, in, 133Teotl, the Aztec Creator, iv, 664Teotoguiaton, a town of the Neutral Na-tion, iv, 207Teoyaomiqui, a Mexican goddess, vi, 645idol, illustrated, vi, 636Tepia (wild rice), illustration showinggathering of, vr, 552search for, vr, 617Terentines. See Tarratines.Terms of relationship, applied to tribes,I, 265, 268by marriage, n, 131peculiarities of, n, 50Ter-ret-e-ma, at Shoshone peace coun-cil, iv, 596Terry, David, report on missions signedby, v, 700Tescocans, vr, 596Tesuque (Tusuque, Zesuqua), languageof, v, 689population, m, 633 ; vr, 689, 709vocabulary from, hi, 446-459See also Tejuas.Tetans. See Tetons.
Tetes de Boule (Tete Bouleos), in, 556also called Nopemings, v, 41country occupied by, in, 559totems, in, 556warriors, number of, m, 553, 559See also Gens de Terre.Tetons (Tetans), a Dakotah band, vr,350census, vi, 556classification, in, 402 ; vr, 689division of the Sioux nation, n,169fortifications, v, 100-101map of, v, 100language, in, 563; v, 494leading men, in, 569location, v, 494 ; vi, 556, 695other names for, in, 563population, i, 524 ; in, 563 ; v, 494
;
vi, 689, 695trade, in, 564tribal relations, in, 567warriors, number of, in, 563See also Sioux of the Meadows;Titons.Teu-a-wish, a Comanche division, n,127meaning of name, n, 127Te-ve-re-wena, Chief, band of, v, 201meaning of name, v, 201Tewa. See Tejuas ; Tesuque.Tewa language. See Tay-waugh lan-guage; Tesuque.Texanos, map showing location, n, 28name for Texas tribes, n, 343Texas, Delawares in, v, 141Indian population, i, 518, 523; in,635 ; v, 483 ; vi, 70Slack of aboriginal monuments in,iv, 115; v, 483law regarding Indians, vi, 708name, derivation of, iv, 35population and area, rv, 610relations of government, with theIndians, i, 240-241removal of tribes from, rv, 473tribes of, I, 518 ; vr, 34described, i, 229-241See also Texas tribes.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 229Texas tribes, account of v, 682-685classification, n, 343list of, I, 518missionary work among, vi, 734name for, vi, 34of Northern origin, vi, 699recommendations concerning, n,557-558southwestern, census of, v, 702See also Tejas.Teyans. See Tejas.Teyas. See also Tejas.Tezcocans (Tezcucons, Tezcucos), v,106discussion of migration of, v, 101-102name for Acolhuans, v, 96Valley of Mexico occupied by, v,95; vi, 596, 742See also Acalhuas.Tezcucons. See Tezcocans.Tezon (Tezou), vi, 69, 70Tezou, death of, rv, 22tale of, by Seven Cities, rv, 22Thames River, battle on, vi, 363former name of, vi, 117, 126Indians on, vi, 110naming of, vi, 124Thanayeison, speech of, iv, 256Thayendenegea (Thyendanagea), ni,57; vi, 313, 357Indian name of Brant, rv, 345, 481See also, Brant, Joseph.
"The Turk." See El Turco.
"The Weirs," v, 226Theft, among the Navajoes, rv, 211, 217,218among the Sioux, n, 191attitude toward, hi, 191by children, n, 191Thick Woodsmen, a branch of theOjibwa, n, 139Thla katch ka, a Lower Creek town, iv,578chiefs of, rv, 579Thlane hargo, of Che haw Town, rv, 576Thla nootche aubaneau, derivation ofname, rv, 380Thlatlogulgau, derivation of name, iv,381Thlingchadinne. See Dog-ribbed tribes
;
Dogribs.
Thlingeha-dinneh, an Athapascan tribe,in, 542Thlob thlocco (1st), an Upper Creektown, rv, 578Thlob thlocco (2d), an Upper Creektown, rv, 578Thoma, Pierre, medal awarded to, v, 675Thompson, Col., in, 294Thompson, Indian Superintendent, vi,470death of, vt, 471Thompson, Jacob, report made by, m,617Thompson, Mr., of Gold Bluff, in, 145Thorbrandsson, Snorre, iv, 119Thorn Apple River band, census of, i,478-487Thorne, Capt, death of, n, 114Thornton, Mr., population report by, vi,701-702Three Nations, tribes composing, vi, 132Three Wells, earthquake at, n, 109Throckmorton, deputy marshal, iv, 593Thunder, dance to appease, rv, 63Thunder Bay, Mich., unusual pipe foundat, i, 74Thunder-bird, ceremony of, illustrated,vi, 353Dacotah belief in, ni, 233illustration of, n, (face 65, pi. 13,fig. 17)representation of, as ornament, n,58Thunderers, mythological warriors, v,409Thupenebu, treaty signed by, vi, 344Thyendanagea. See Thayendenegea.Tichenor, Capt., explorations of, in, 132Ticonderoga, a Wyandot name, v, 521derivation of the name, iv, 384 ; v,594meaning of name, in, 328Tidal phenomena in the Great Lakes, i,170Tiedemann, opinion of, regarding Peru-vian skulls, n, 326Tigonex, Alvarado received at, iv, 26besieged by Spaniards, iv, 28Coronado at, iv, 27, 28, 31description of, rv, 27reached by Alvarado, rv, 26
230 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Tigonex?Continueduncertain identification of, iv, 34,39See also E-nagh-magh.Tigua. See E-nagh-magh; Tigonex.Tihittan. See Ta ee tee tan.Tilhualwits (Tilhulhwit), populationof, i, 521 ; in, 632 ; vi, 689See also Echeloot ; Nishrams ; Tel-huemit.Tillamook language. See Killamucklanguage.Tillamooks, map showing location of,in, 200population, m, 632 ; v, 492See also Killamuchs ; Nsirtshaus.Timagoon, vi, 74Timbabachis, map showing location of,in, 96See also Tenpenny Utahs.Timber Creek Indians, reference to, vi,138, 142Time, reckoning of, v, 419See Calender stone; Calender sys-tem.Timpaiarats. See Tenpenny Utahs;Timbabachis.Tin, in the Kansas Valley, i, 157-159;n, 31Tintinapain. See Tai-tin-a-pam.Tioga, meaning of the name, rv, 383, 384
;
v, 594Tioga Point, conference held at, v, 667Tioga River, Indian name of, rv, 332Tioga village (Ty-o-ga), vr, 132a former Indian council place, v,670See also Diahgo.Tionontates (Dionondades), vi, 232location of villages of, iv, 204See also Petun or Tobacco Indians.Tionontati. See Petun or Tobacco In-dians; Tionontates.Tiorhaasery, an Algonquin chief, vr, 140meaning of name, vi, 140Tipi. See Lodge.Tippecanoe, battle of, rv, 258 ; vi, 354-3obTipton, Gen. John, vt, 497Tish-rawa, a village on the KlamathRiver, in, 150Titicaca, skulls of, n, 327, 328
Titons (Titonwan), a division of theSioux, in, 629country occupied by, in, 629division, in, 629leading men, m, 629See also Tetons.Titonwan, a grand division of the Da-cotas, i, 249brief account of, i, 249See also Titons.Tiun. See Too.Tkwakwamish. See T'qua-qua-mish.Tlaaluis. See Clallu e is.Tlakluit. See Echeloot ; Nishrams ; Til-hualwits.Tlalams, map showing location of, m,96See also Clallams.Tlascalan [Aztec] (Tlascallans), m,515cranial measurements of, n, 335Tlascalan gateway, deductions drawnfrom, i, 65use of principle of, v, 394Tlascani, classification of, ni, 401See also TlatskanaiTlatskanai. See Clackstar nation ; Clat-acamin ; Tlascani.Tlauitsis. See Clow et sus.Tlelding. See A-hel-tah.Toak paf car, an Upper Creek town,iv, 578Toak parf car Town, a Creek town, iv,576chief of, rv, 576Toanda and Suquamish, population of,v, 705See also Toanhooch ; Twana.Toanhooch, location of, v, 491, 703 ; vi,703population of, v, 491, 703; vi, 703See also Twana.Tobacco, a gift of the Great Spirit, iv,227Algonquin name for, v, 65American origin of, v, 65buried with the dead, iv, 54ceremonial use of, i, 31; in, 227;rv, 141, 637, 639 ; v, 65 ; vi, 88, 628,629.grown on Lake Ontario, iv, 205history and use, v, 65
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 231Tobacco?Continuedintroduction, into England, v, 65;vi, 87origin of name, v, 65tradition of, m, 538 ; rv, 343sacred character of, i, 72-73 ; rv, 141solace of the Indian, n, 77 ; in, 69symbolic use of, v, 393use, as an offering, i, 49as incense, vi, 109Bee also Pipes; Smoking customs.Tobacco Indians, identified as Wyan-dots, iv, 203slaughter of, iv, 203totems, iv, 204See also Tionontates.Tobacco plant, trend of migrationshown by, iv, 115, 132Tobacco pouches, illustrations, m, 69Tobar, Don Pedro de, expedition of, vi,25, 38Tockwaghs, a synonym of Nanticoke (q.v.), vi, 131Tohopeka, battle of, vr, 372-373Tohushaqueros, chief of the Cheattes, vi,702Tokais, a Cayuga chief, vi, 702Tol-e-wahs, location of, ni, 139See also Tah-le-wah.Tolheo, block-house at, iv, 325identification of, iv, 325Tolmie, W. F., census taken by, v, 704Tolowa. See Tah-le-wahs; Tol-e-wahs.Tol o war thloc co, a Lower Creek town,iv, 578Tol o war thlock o, a Lower Creek town,iv, 580Toltec civilization, decadence of, v, 30elements of, in New Mexico, n, 28probable reach of, i, 71Toltec dynasty, chronology of, v, 95, 96Toltec language, traces, in Muscogeenames, iv, 381Toltec migration, theory concerning, iv.170Toltecan epoch, state of art in, iv, 123Toltecan family, cranial capacity, n, 329Toltecan nations, meaning of term, h,328
Toltecs, I, 63chronological data regarding, vi, 742civilization, discussion of, v, 29-31corn goddess of, vi, 631idolatry, i, 71, 72migrations, discussion of, v, 101-102evidence of northward, iv, 147-148monarchy of, I, 21mythology, vr, 636-646overthrow of empire, v, 61sun worship, rv, 639; v, 29Valley of Mexico reached by, vr,742See also Mexican tribes.Toma, Chief, pictographs on grave-posts of, i, 338Tomahawk, description of, iv, 174illustration of, rv, 174, 175symbolic use of, vr, 448use and description of, i, 92-93See also Battle-axe.Tomaso, a Diegueno chief, n, 100Tomb, royal, bones placed in, iv, 156-157Tombe drum, description of, iv, 74Tombigbee River, Indians on, vr, 32Tomlinson, Abelard, mound explorationby, I, 120-121Tomlinson, Jesse, mound on property of,I, 120Tomlinson, Mr., cited on mound period,vi, 600reference to collection of, i, 75Tom mastth micco of Tuck a batch chaTown, rv, 575Tom-o-haw, information furnished by,n, 169Tonawanda, Onondagas at, vr, 706Senecas at, vi, 706Tonawanda Reservation, census of, vr,690location, vi, 690Tonawandas, population of, vr, 689Toncahiras (Tonkahiras), location of,vr, 689population of, i, 518 ; vr, 689, 708See also Tonkaways; Toukaways.Tonewanta Reservation, described, n,?540Tongass Indians, v, 489census, v, 489location, v, 489
232 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Tonkahiras. See Toncahiras.Tonkawas, brief description of, i, 239location, ni, 635 ; vi, 705population, i, 239; in, 635; vi, 705See also Toncahiras ; ToukawaysTonti, u, 30Tontos (Apaches Tontos ; Tantos), anApache band, v, 203, 689origin of the name, v, 207range of, v, 207warriors, number of, v, 207Too, census of, v, 489language, v, 489location, v, 489Toohtogaufau, derivation of the name,iv, 381Tookabatchians, at battle at Attasee, vi,368Too-ke-mah, Chief, band under, v, 201Tools, judgment of arts by, I, 70-71use of, by Chinese, i, 70See also Implements.Tooth-work, Chippewa art of, vi, 131illustrated, vi, 631Topinabee, Chief (Topinabi), treatiessigned by, vi, 394, 395Pottawattamies ruled by, vi, 386treaty signed by, vi, 344Toquistineses Indians, iv, 555Torinash, intermarriage with theComanches, n, 126Torquemada, cited on head flattening,n, 328Tortoise, land. See Gofer.Torture, of captive, illustration of, v,78of Ojibwa chief, story of, n, 142of prisoners, i, 235 ; iv, 50See also Ordeals.Tosconer fixico of Tuck a batch chaTown, rv, 575Toscororas. See Tuscaroras.Totacaga, a Creek town, v, 262Totant, mentioned by Captain JohnSmith, v, 218Toteloes. See Tutelos.Totem. See Totems.Totemic animals, reason for respectshown to, in, 232Totemic bond, discussion of, iv, 666Totemic devices, pictograph of, vi, 606Totemic mounds, explanation of, iv,128, 666
Totemic symbols, uses of, v, 75-76Totemism among the Iroquois, in, 195Totems, I, 420 ; n, 49 ; v, 73-75among the Creeks, i, 275carved on pestle, in, 467clans represented by, i, 335derivation of the word, i, 420different from guardian spirits, v,196families connected by, rv, 662found in inscriptions, iv, 666in sculptures and glyphs, iv, 666indicated by hair-cut, in, 26S, 269individuals represented by, in pic-tographs, i, 417, 420Iroquois system of, v, 73marked on grave-post, i, 335, 336meaning of, i, 52 ; vi, 664of the Iowas, in, 268-269of the Ojibwas, n, 138of the Sioux, n, 170-171, 175origin, rv, 251property of clan or family, v, 196tribal divisions based on, v, 136use as signatures, n, 226 ; iv, 666by warriors, in, 557use of drawing of, v, 397See also Totemic symbols, and un-der tribal names.To-ter-mitch, at Shoshone peace coun-cil, iv, 596Totiris, in, 555number of warriors of, in, 555See also Catawbas.Totonacas, goddess worshiped by, vi,642Totones, wars with, vi, 702See also Tototans.Totonic Bands, location of, vi, 689population, vi, 689use of name, vi, 702Totonic bands of southern Oregon, vi,702Tototans (Tototens; Tototins), v, 493census, v, 493divisions, v, 492-493location, v, 493 ; vi, 702maps showing, in, 96, 200population, v, 492-193; vi, 702Rogue River band, vi, 702See also Rogues; Totonic Bands;Tutoten.Totten's Inlet, Indians of, vi, 703
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 233Totten's Inlet Indians, population of, v,491Toukaways, origin myth of, v, 683Wolf dance of, v, 683See also Tonkawas.Toulmin, Gen. Theo. L., iv, 630, 632Toulmin, Harry, iv, 630Toulmin, Judge, iv, 632Towacarros (To-wac-o-nies, Towacor-os, Towecarros, Towoekonies),in, 403; vi, 687country occupied by, vi, 705dwellings, v, 682language, v, 682population, in, 635 ; v, 702, 712 ; vi,699, 705See also Tawakoni.To-wac-o-nies. See Towacarros.Towacoros. See Towacarros.Tow-e-ash, brief account of, i, 239-240Towecarros. See Towacarros.Towekas, classification of, in, 402See also Tawakoni.Tower, stone, ruins of, at Newport, rv,150-155Town-criers among the Pueblos, rv, 77-78Townsend, Dr., n, 326Towoekonies. See Towacarros.T'qua-qua-mish, location of, v, 703; vi,703population of, v, 703 ; vi, 703Tracy, Jobn, petition signed by, in, 618Trade, Indian, n, 186-187, 526-528, 530-531, 550abuses in, i, 278articles used in, i, 84-85between Florida and Cuba, v, 95controlling influence of, vi, 350-352effects of, i, 279 ; n, 1S8, 189, 526
;
ni, 208-209government policy regarding, vi,345in copper, i, 67, 99 ; iv, 144in furs, result of, v, 33-34intertribal, materials used in, iv,667 ; v, 108migration traced by, rv, 667mode of, between individuals, n, 178routes of, i, 68; v, 144standard of value in, i, 84 ; n, 178tribes linked by, i, 105under British rule, vi, 267-269
Trade?Continueduse of credit in, n, 527-528with the Creeks, i, 278-279with the Pillagers, v, 188See also Fur trade ; Furs ; Traders
;
Whiskey trade.Traders, captured by Indians at Detroit,ii, 263class of, among the Creeks, v, 282early, in South Carolina, iv, 159importance of character of, rv, 214-215Traders, or Odawas, origin of name, v,145See also Ottawa.Traditions. See Legends.Trails, from St. Mary's to the Creek Na-tion, v, 256roads based on, iv, 318
"Serra-goin" mention of, in, 152See also Causeways ; Oregon, routeto; Warpath.Transmigration of souls, an orientalidea, i, 38Chippewyan belief in, v, 174general belief in, i, 33Siouan lack of belief in, in, 232See also Souls.Transportation. See Canoes ; Moving
;
Rafts; Traveling.Traveling, customs of, v, 684illustration of, n, 77Traverse de Sioux band, listed as oneof Seven Fires, n, 169Treat, Samuel, missionary work of, vi,734, 735, 736Treaties, at Hopewell, vi, 418at St. Peters, v, 188between Iroquois and State of NewYork, vi, 324between tribes, making of, in, 263between Winnebago and UnitedStates, ni, 280Clear Lake, tribes at, in, 109concluded by Col. Bradstreet, vx,255, 299covering removal of tribes, vi, 416defining boundaries between tribes,vi, 421-423estimated expense of, v, 499-500first reliable record of, vi, 344Indian attitude toward, i, 232; vi,365
234 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY I Bull. 152Treaties?ContinuedKlamath River, for reservation on,in, 145made at Fond dv Lac, i, 357 ; vr, 422made at Prairie du Chien, i, 357;v, 526 ; vi, 421-422made by Lord Dunmore, iv, 626 ; vi,343negotiated at Greenville, vr, 342-344objected to by Pioneers, iv, 316-317of Breda, Canadian lands ceded in,v, 675of Buttes de Morts, I, 357 ; vr, 422of 1854 and 1855, statement of, v,497of Fort Harmer, v, 141of Fort Laramie, rv, 465, 470of Fort M'Intosh, provision of, v,141 ; vi, 303, 343of Fort Pitt, commentary on, v,140 ; vi, 305of Fort Stanwix, v, 141fraud charged in, v, 667-668of Fort Wayne, v, 139of Ghent, iv, 258, 259of Greenville, era established by,vi, 344land ceded in, v, 139, 142of Lancaster, vi, 136of New Echota, rv, 471 ; vi, 512-513disagreement over, vi, 466-467,474-475of Painted Post, v, 668of Seven River, vr, 144of Utrecht, Canadian lands cededIn, v, 675of Versailles, Indians neglected in,vi, 271, 320, 323of Vincennes, v, 139table giving data on, v, 499-500tribes with, list of, ni, 609tribes without, list of, m, 609violated by Navajoes, rv, 209with Cayugas, vr, 324with Chactaws (Choctaws), v, 572with Cherokees, vi, 425with Cheyenne, v, 573with Chickasaws, v, 573; vr, 445with Chippewas, vr, 393-395; 483-484, 505with Chippewas and Ottowas, rv,188
Treaties?Continuedwith Choctaws, provisions of, vi,403with Clear Lake Indians, m, 106,108, 109, 111with Conestogoes or Andastes, vi,140with Creeks, v, 577; vi, 417, 418-419, 445with Creeks and Seminoles, vr, 332with Indians, adherence to, vi, 324with Kickapoos, vr, 445with Micmacs, v, 677with Milicites, v, 675with Ojibwas, n, 166with Oneidas, vi, 324with Ottowas, vi, 393-395, 505with Pottawattamies, vr, 393-395,505with Pottawattamies, Chippewas,and Ottowas, vr, 458with Sacs and Foxes, vi, 448with Seminoles, vr, 445, 471-472with Sioux, rv, 464with Six Nations, vr, 323with Winnebagoes, rv, 235, 464Tree burial, in canoes, v, 655See also Scaffold burial, v, 655.Trees, belief concerning, rr, 224signal, of Klamath Indians, in, 150-151See also Sugar making; Sugar-pines.Trent, William, land granted to, vr, 596Tribal organization, history, and gov-ernment, i, 191-312; ii, 123-199Tribal relations. See Alliances; Con-federacy; Leagues.Tribal rights, attitude concerning, vi,523Tribes, Indian, changes in location of,v, 121-122Classification, i, 191, 196-198 ; n, 33,343; ni, 397-407distribution, n, 33-38 ; m, 576division and multiplication of, I,268-269; in, 247, 269east of the Mississippi in 1836, m,610emigrating from east to west ofMississippi, in, 610estimate of number, i, 191, 192 ; vi,552
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 235Tribes?Continuedextinction, i, 191, 195; m, 96; rv,115general similarity among, v, 87, 129geographical position of, v, 121-123having treaties with United States,in, 609indigenous, near western frontier(1836), in, 611influences affecting development of,vi, 672interrelations of, v, 141lack of unity among, iv, 482location and numbers of, at time ofremoval, vi, 409-411map, showing linguistic classifica-tion, ii, 28showing location, in, 96, 200;iv, 24, 39, 180origin and names, m, 247permanence of location, in, 202rank and relationship among, i, 265,268 ; ii, 170 ; ni, 266-267 ; v, 136sedentary, life of, i, 50-51tables showing classification, in,401-402transferred, condition of, vr, 554west of the Mississippi in 1834, in,609, 610western, grouping of, i, 192, 198without United States treaties, m,609See also Indians.Tribute, paid in gold, iv, 449paid to Mohawks, in, 185See also Taxes.Trimble, Colonel, interest in the In-dians, n, 522Trinity Indians, estimated number of,m, 171population, in, 634See also Hoopah Indians; TrinityRiver Tribes.Trinity River, description of, ni, 137plans for reservation on, ni, 151villages on, ni, 139Trinity River tribes, account of, ni,139-144See Klamath and Trinity tribes;Trinity Indians.Trois River, tribes living near, vi, 714936706?54?1?
Troost, Dr., n, 318reference to work of, i, 47Troy Indians, location of, ni, 583population, ni, 583Trueman, Major, death of, vi, 338force led by, vi, 145Tsallake (Tsallakee), a name for theCherokee (q. v.), n, 35 ; vi, 33Tsamak, an upper California language,in, 402Tsattine. See Beaver Indians.Tsawatenok. See Soi it inu.Tse-ah, native name for Cia, rv, 35Tshinook, a linguistic family, m, 402Tshokantauha, a Mendewakanton vil-lage, n, 97Tshuktchi, classification of language of,in, 401Tsihailish, classification of, m, 402See also Chehalis.Tsillawadoot (Tsillaw-awdoot), anAthapascan tribe, m, 542population, n, 28Tsimshian. See Skeena.Tsonontowans, meaning of name, vr, 326nickname for the Senecas (q. v.),vi, 326Tsou Chaoong, measurements of hair of,ni, 376, 383Tuanoh (Tu-a-nooch, Tucanoh), vr, 687brief account of, v, 701location, rv, 598 ; vr, 689population, i, 521 ; rv, 598 ; vi, 689See also Twana.Tu-a-nooch. See Tuanoh.Tuberculosis. See Consumption.Tubes, stone, accuracy shown in, rv, 160description of, i, 93illustrations of, i, 93 ; rv, 160Tucanoh. See Tuanoh.Tuck a batcha (Tuck a batch chaTown), a Creek town, rv, 575, 578chiefs of, iv, 575See also Tuckabatchees.Tuck a batcha micco of Tuck a batchcha Town, iv, 575Tuck a batch ee fix i co, a chief at Osio-itchee, rv, 580Tuck a batch ee har jo, a CussetawTown chief, rv, 579Tuckabatchee Teehassa, a Creek town,v, 262
236 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Tuckabatchees (Tuckabatcb.es' town),v, 254a Creek town, v, 262brass pieces preserved in, v, 283See also Tuckabatcha.Tuckabatches tribe, attitude of, in Creekwar, vi, 369Tuckabatcbi. See Tuck a batcba.Tucullies, language of, v, 172See also Tacullies.Tuecuntallahassee, derivation of name,rv, 380Tug-waug-aun-ay, a cbief at La Pointe,ii, 145Tuh-duh-guh-mak-ke, measurements ofhair of, in, 384Tukkabachee Mikko, Muscogee chief, v,660Tukkuthkutchin. See Deagothee Loo-choo.Tula (Ark.), a point on De Soto's march,in, 48, 50De Soto's stop at, vi, 67probable location of, rv, 315Tula (Mex.), capital of the Toltecs, v,96founding of, v, 95 ; vi, 742Tula or Tulara (Calif.), location of, in,201population, ni, 201Tulare Lake, vocabulary from, rv, 413-414Tulareuos. See Tula or Tulara; Tu-lares.Tulares, territory occupied by, m, 421Tullushatches town. See Tal la sehatch ee.Tu-lo-mos, a Dolores Mission tribe, n,506Tulpehocken, settlement of lands of, iv,324Turn Waters, population of, in, 632Tu-ma-leh-nias, description of, in, 102-103Tumuli, not a part of fortifications, v,104Peruvian, explanation of, v, 90, 92proper, i, 49-51western, epoch of discovery of, iv,131-136wide range of, v, 104See also Guacas ; Mounds.
Tunice, mention of pueblo of, rv, 211Tun nee chee, chief at Hitch e tee, rv,580Tuolumne language, vocabulary of, rv,408-412Tuolumne tribes, divisions of, iv, 407Tuota migga chopco, of HemawhieTown, rv, 576Turgot, M., work of, on languages, n,355-356Turk, The. See "The Turk."Turner, Capt, death of, vi, 169expedition led by, vi, 169Turner's Falls, King Philip at, vi, 168naming of, vr, 169Turnip, Dacotah, Indian name for, iv, 68Turn Water Indians, location of, rv, 598population, rv, 598Turtle oracle, description of, ni, 367Tusayan, Cardenas received at, rv, 25expedition to, rv, 38identified as Moqui, rv, 39map showing location of, iv, 39reached by Coronado, iv, 24-25Tuscaloosa, Chief, in, 57 ; vi, 61, 647De Soto attacked by, in, 42death of, in, 44; vi, 743made a captive by De Soto, in, 42name, meaning of, n, 34self-sacrifice of, v, 46war led by, v, 45Tuscaloosa River, etymology of thename, n, 34 ; v, 593fort erected at, vi, 301, 302Tuscarora (Tuskeruro) language, m,292compared with Woccoa, in, 406vocabulary, v, 552-556Tuscarora Reservation, census of, vi, 690location, vi, 690Tuscarora (town), Onondagas at, vr,706Tuscaroras (Toscororas, Tuskaroras),in, 555admitted to Iroquois Confederacy,ni, 198affinity with Iroquois, i, 197and Oneidas (Oneydoes), landceded by, vi, 324warriors of, ni, 561census, i, 441-457; in, 621-628; v,504-505; vr, 718classification, in, 401
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 237Tuscaroras?Continuedcolonies aided by, vi, 334condition, general, iv, 606connections, v, 37country occupied by, i, 441 ; m, 196,583, 590 ; iv, 606 ; v, 42, 668, 669
;
vi, 33, 182, 689, 705, 714defeat by colonists, v, 110emigration to New York, v, 631entry into Mississippi Valley re-gion, v, 41fort built by, i, 47government, v, 504hostility of, vi, 193hunting grounds, vi, 714included in Monacan dialects, m,292independence in warfare, vi, 199in the Revolutionary War, v, 513;vi, 277Iroquois joined by, in, 292 ; vi, 185-186, 194linguistic classification, vr, 1S5massacre planned by, i, 126 ; vr, 185missionary labors among, v, 698number on reservation, n, 541of Iroquois stock, v, 42one of the Six Nations, rv, 616population, in, 583, 590; iv, 603,604, 606 ; v, 668 ; vx, 689, 694, 705,706, 707, 714property possessed by, v, 506report on missions among, v, 700represented at Canandaigua coun-cil, vi, 326reservation described, n, 540-541stand in Revolutionary War, v, 513vi, 277, 283, 284, 293, 312synonym of Monacans, v, 35uprising, vi, 182warriors, number of, in, 555 ; vi, 270Tus coner hargo, a Creek chief, tv, 576Tushewa. See De-o-se-o-wa.Tushshepahs (Tushepah, Tushepaw),location of, in, 572population, in, 572, 609 ; v, 706Tuskaroras. See Tuscaroras.Tus kee ga, an Upper Creek town, iv, 578Tuskeegees, a Creek town, v, 262Tuskehenehawshooley, a CussetawTown chief, iv, 579Tuskeruro language. See Tuscaroralanguage.
Tuski Hadjo's Band, numbers of, ni,531Tusonimon visited by expedition, ni, 303Tus sick i holatta of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Tustahatchee, surrender of, vi, 374Tustannuggee Thlucco, treaty subscribedby, vi, 402Tus ta nugga chopco of Tallissee Town,rv, 575Tus tun nuck har jo, chief at Eufaula,iv, 580Tus tunnugga of Tuck a batch chaTown, iv, 575Tusuque. See Tesuque.Tutahaco, iv, 32identification of, rv, 39map showing location, iv, 39visited by Coronado, iv, 34Tutelar spirits, pictographs of, illus-trated, i, 352Tutelos (Toteloes, Tuteloes), v, 137; vi,132adopted by the Iroquois, m, 199allotted lands with Cayugas, ni, 292and others, population of, vr, 270classified as Monacans, v, 36country occupied by, ni, 196included in Monacan dialects, in,292received into Iroquois Confederacy,in, 292 ; v, 37Tutoten, a combination of Oregon tribes,vi, 702See also Tototans.Tuttle, Mrs., recollections of, v, 673Tututni. See Rogues; Totones; To-tonic bands ; Tototans.Tuwanah, a California chief, vi, 711Twana. See Toanda; To-an-hooch;Tuanoh; Twanoh.Twanoh, Wood's canal, population of,vi, 701Tweetwees (Twe Twee). See Twigh-twees.Twightees. See Twightwees.Twightwees (Tweetwees, Twe Twee,
? Twightees), a name for theMiamis, iv, 605; v, 41; vr, 271,334dwelling place, vr, 714
238 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Twightwees?Continuedhunting grounds, vx, 714population, vi, 714Twine making, implements for, i, 89illustrated, I, 89materials used for, i, 89Shoshonee method of, i, 213-214Twins, uncommon among Indians, in,211Twiss, Thomas S., report on Indian pop-ulation, vi, 713statistics furnished by, vi, 713Tyendanegea. See Thayendenegea.Tyler, Asher, an authority on Indians,iv, 345investigation by, iv, 345-346Ty-o-ga. See Tioga village.Typoxe, a Tuolumne chief, rv, 407Typoxies, a Tuolumne band, rv, 407UUbak-h^a, language of, in, 112Uchean family. See Uchees ; Utchees.Uchees (Uches), brief account of, in,26-27conquered by Creeks, ni, 40 ; vi, 186foes of Creeks, v, 98language distinct from Muscogee,ii, 32population, i, 522ruled by sachemess, in, 40-41unclassified, n, 33wars of, ni, 26-27See also Utchees, Yuchi.Ucle nu, a Queen Charlotte Sound tribe,v, 488census of, v, 488Ufafa, big, a Creek town, v, 262Ufala, little, a Creek town, v, 262Ufalas, ceremony at, v, 255Ufalas, Upper, a Creek town, v, 262U faw la (Ufauley) Town, vr, 371Chiefs of, rv, 576Creek town, rv, 576, 578See also Eufaula.Ugaljachmutzi (Ugalakmius), listed asa linguistic family, in, 402Uinta (Uinta Utahs). See Ewinte,Uwinty-Utahs.Ulcers, treatment for, rv, 514Ulloa, Peruvian antiquities described by,v, 90-92
Ulseahs, location of, m, 571population, ni, 571Ulster, reference to butchery at, vi, 298Umahs, Cibolos absorbed by, i, 519population, i, 519See also Yumas.Umanos, early Spanish name forUmahs (q. v.), I, 519Umatilla. See Utillas.Umpquas (Umquas), classification of,in, 401clothing, ni, 219location, m, 201 ; v, 492 ; vi, 624maps showing, in, 96, 200population, i, 521 ; ni, 201, 632 ; v,492 ; vi, 6S9, 701report on condition of, vi, 624-625See also Unikwa.Umquas. See Umpquas.Una, the brig, wreck of, rv, 601, 602Unadilla, mention of Indian attack on,vi, 29SUnare, mission of Barcelona Province,rv, 556Uncas, in, 22 ; iv, 613 ; v, 121 ; vi. 114.173, 248, 647alliance with the English, vi, 111captive Pequots assigned to, vi, 123dispute with Sassacus, vr, 116-117mention of policy of, vi, 153Miontonimo captured by, vi, 126Mohican sachem, v, 130 ; vi, 111tribal position of, rv, 481war against, by Narragansetts, vi,125-127Underhill, part taken by, in PequotWar, vi, 117, 118, 119Unikwa, location of, i, 437See also Umpquas.Union, Calif., town of, described, m,132United (Moravian) Brethren, mission-ary labors of, vi, 736See also Church of the UnitedBrethren ; Moravian Church.United States, population and area of,rv, 610United States Exploring Expedition,ni, 200
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 239United States Government, policy re-specting Indians, I, 223, 240-241,245-246, 263-264, 280-282, 287 ; v,449^73policy recommended to, i, 225-226,255-256Unity of Indian tribes, rv, 353; v, 89,289-291 ; vi, 573Up-le-goh, a Trinity River village, m,139Upper Creeks. See Creeks, Upper.Upper Missouri agency, condition oftribes of, iv, 465Upper Missouri River tribes, vr, 695census, 695-696Upper Oualla Towns, census of, i, 508-517Upper Platte Agency, census of, vi, 713Upper Pond Orrilles. See Pend d'-Oreilles, Upper.Upsaroka language, brief vocabularyof, m, 255-256conclusions drawn from, m, 252Upsarokas, iv, 551Blackfeet named by, v, 180classification, m, 402country occupied by, in, 514; rv,486 ; v, 197, 494identified as Minnetarees, m, 403migration, v, 197population, v, 494ravaged by smallpox, i, 257See also Absarokas ; Crow Indians
;
Mandan and Upsaroka family.Upsi, Eric, mission undertaken by, vi,742Urn burials, evidence of, in South Caro-lina, vi, 182example and discussion of, rv, 162-163Utah Territory, data on land of, v, 501Indian lands in, rv, 183Indian population, i, 522, 523; v,484-485, 489 ; vx, 705population and area, rv, 610tribes of, i, 522Utahs, bands of, among the "Diggers,"v, 199-200classification, rv, 551; vi, 689country occupied by, v, 199-201depredations, rv, 216
Utahs?Continueddivisions, vr, 697general description, v, 197-202hostility to Whites, rv, 597language, vr, 698linguistic classification, vi, 34location, i, 198; iv, 216; vi, 689,698, 705map showing, m, 96migration, v, 197peace made by, with Shoshones, rv,596southern population of, i, 519See also Ute.Utawawas, a name for the Ottawas, vr,202location, vr, 202See also Ottawas^Utchees (Utches), iv, 614absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370ancestors of, v, 99Appalachian by conquest, v, 42called Chicora, v, 42classification, n, 345, ni, 401conquered by Creeks, v, 115 ; vr, 365country occupied by, v, 42cranial capacity, v, 244generic stock, vr, 31incorporated with Creeks, vi, 32, 689linguistic family, in, 401, 404location, vi, 32, 689population, vr, 689use of term, vr, 47See also Uchees; Yuchi.Ute. See Eutahs; Eutaws; Utahs;Yutas.Utensils, Apache, for grinding, v, 209wooden, of the Creeks, v, 692of the Iowas, m, 275See also Baskets; Implements;Mortars; Pestles; Pottery.Utfonango, tribes dwelling at, vr, 714Utillas, population of, v, 493position, v, 493Utinas, absorbed by Creeks, vr, 370era of, v, 133foes of the Creeks, v, 98Utsehta. See Little Osage.Uupon tea, black drink made of, v, 266Uwinty, Chief, band named for, v, 200
240 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY LBull. 152Uwinty-Utahs (Unita Utahs), iv, 596band of the Utahs, v, 199origin of name, v, 199-200population, v, 498Uxmal, feature of ruins of, v, 106
Vaccination of Indians, rr, 452VachS, Alex. F., petition signed by, in618Vail, Eugene, I, 122Vallejo, Gen. M. J., v, 665Valley of Mexico, migrations into, v, 95-96Vampyres, beliefs concerning, in, 226Van Amringe, William F., measure-ments of hair of, m, 383Van Buren, Martin, Cherokee removalaided by, vi, 493Indian affairs under, vi, 482-506Vancouvers, population of, in, 632Vancouver's Island, reference to earth-works on, v, 665Van Den Broek, Rev. T. J., pamphlettransmitted by, rv, 539Van Helmont, iv, 511Van Horn, Maj., defeat of, vi, 359, 362Van Renselaer, Capt, wounded in ac-tion, vi, 341Van Schaick, Col., expedition of, againstOnondagas, vi, 306Vapor-bath (Steam-bath, Sweat-bath),as a purification rite, v, 423-424description, n, 182; iv, 516use of, by Massachusetts Indians, i,285by Muscogee, I, 274general, iv, 511-512restricted v, 424See also Madodiswon; Sweat-house; Vapor-bath lodge.Vapor-bath lodge, construction of, v,424, 426description of, v, 424See also Sweat house.Varieties, use of the term in naturalhistory, iv, 354Vashon's Island, Indians of, v, 491 ; vi,703
Vasquez d'Ayllon, Lucas, date of defeatof, ni, 27defeat of, illustrated, in, 27expedition of, in, 25-26 ; vi, 39Indians kidnapped by, n, 35-36Vater, Prof., n, 356Vaughn, Alfred J., population report by,vi, 693Vaux, Richard, ni, 376Vavasour, Lt., population estimate by,v, 707Venango, Fort, reference to taking of,iv, 614Venango, inscriptions near, v, 76 ; vi, 605Washington's journey to, vi, 214Venango stone, v, 85Veneration for the aged, and for thedead, n, 196Venesection, method of performing, iv,512, 515Vengeance, among the Creeks, i, 277See also Retaliation.Ventriloquism, practice similar to, v,440Vera Cruz, State of, antiquities in, vi,581Verde region, abandonment of, ni, 303Vermilion River, tribe near, vi, 556Vermilions, m, 561fighting men of, in, 561Vermont, population and area of, iv, 610Vernon, Maj., Fort Laurens abandonedby, vi, 305Verrazanim, John de, at New York har-bor, vi, 743expedition of, vi, 40-43, 48Versailles Treaty, effect of, vi, 249Vesperia, use of term, v, 104Vesperic tribes, application of the name,n, 25-26 ; v, 99, 287, 406 ; vi, 35characteristic traits, v, 130pictography of, vr, 605route of migration, v, 99territory occupied by, n, 28Vespucio, Americo (Vespucius, Ameri-cus), discovery by, iv, 562voyages of, n, 19Vessels, cooking, illustrated, i, 85See also Pottery.Vicuris, language of, v, 689See also Picuris.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 241Vieux Desert Island, fortifications on,n, 91map of, H, 91Village of the Cross (Ottawa), censusof, i, 478-487Villages, cause of multiplication of, n,172fortified, i, 51list of, on Klamath River, in, 138on Trinity River, in, 139Massachusetts Indian, i, 287naming of, n, 171of the Creeks, v, 262sites selected for, in, 271St. Mary's and MichilimackinacAgency, in, 601-606Vincennes, Ind., fight for possession of,vi, 303founding of, vi, 197French post established at, vi, 183,185settlement of, v, 10Strade at, vi, 269transfer of agency at, vi, 397Vinland, area called, vi, 608attempt to colonize, i, 106discovery and naming of, vr, 742
"Viper," sloop-of-war, mission of, v, 677Virginia, colonization of, vi, 95-99, 744discovery, vr, 82-84, 744Indian lands in, in, 583, 586; v,4S0Indian population, ni, 583, 586; v,480Iroquois name for, ni, 533landing in, illustrated, n, 22landing of English in, n, 22lost colony of, vr, 94mounds in, vr, 609population and area, iv, 610reported Celtic element in, vr, 742tribes inhabiting, vr, 32, 33, 83warfare on frontier of, iv, 625-626western, Indian depredations in, vr,302Virginia tribes, described by Jefferson,v, 36-37discussion of population, v, 35-36Virgins, Indian, distinguished by hairdressing, iv, 89impersonation by men, iv, 85part taken at dance, iv, 85
Vishnoo, reference to worship of, v,58Visiting, etiquette of, v, 183Vitachucco (Vitochucco), m, 57; v, 410reference to Micco of, vr, 63speech of, to his brothers, in, 39Vnawunquosett, petition signed by, v,237Vocabulary, Algonquin, of compoundwords, rv, 373-380Algonquin group, n, 458-481Apache (Apachee), v, 202, 578-589Arapahoe, ni, 446-459Assiniboine, iv, 416-432Batem-da-kai-ee (-Kato), in, 434-440Blackfeet, n, 494-505Caddo, v, 709-712Catawba, v, 557-558Cayuga, n, 482-493Cherokee, of numerals, n, 209-211Cheyenne, in, 446-459Chinook jargon, v, 548-551Chippewa (of Michigan), v, 556-557Chippewa numerals, n, 216-218Choctaw (brief), in, 347Choctaw, of numerals, n, 204-206Chow-e-shak, in, 434-440Co-co-noon, rv, 413collecting of, iv, 524-525by George Gibbs, v, 662, 663,664, 665Comanche (Comanchee), n, 129-130, 494-505conclusions derived from, in,403Cop-<?h, m, 428-434Costanos, n, 494-505notes to, n, 506Cushna, n, 494-505notes to, ii, 506-508Dacota, of numerals, n, 206-208Delaware, n, 470-481; in, 424-427Diegunos, n, 103-104Eh-nek, in, 440-445Hitchittee dialect, or numerals, n,220Hoo-pah, in, 440-445Iroquois group, n, 482-493King's River, rv, 413-414Klatsop (brief), ni, 223-224Kula-napo, in, 428-434
242 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Vocabulary?ContinuedMandan, in, 255-256 ; 446-459Massachusetts language, i, 288-299Menomonee, n, 470-481Miami, n, 470-481Micmac, v, 578-589Minnetaree (brief), m, 256Mohawk, n, 482^93Muskogee or Creek, rv, 416-429phonetic key to, rv, 432Natic, v, 556-557Navajo, rv, 416-429number of, published, v, 55of Indian languages, list of, iv, 552-553Ojibwa, n, 211-213, 458-469Oneida, n, 482-493Onondaga, n, 482-493Osage, rv, 275Pamptico, v, 556-557Pampticough, v, 555-556Pimo, m, 461-462Pueblo (of Tusuque), in, 446-459Pueblo (Zuni),rv, 416-429Sacramento River Indians, iv, 414-415Shawnee, n, 470-481Shoshonee, brief, i, 216, 218Tah-le-wah, m, 440-445Tcho-ko-yem, in, 428-434Tulare Lake, rv, 413-414Tuolumne Indians, rv, 408-412Tuskeruro, v, 552-556Upsaroka (brief), in, 255-256Waccoa, v, 552-556, 557-558Wee-yot, in, 434-440Weits-pek, m, 440-445Winnebago, of numerals, n, 214-216Wish-osk, m, 434r440Witchita (Wichita) v, 709-711Wyandot, of numerals, n, 218-220Yukai, in, 428-434Yuman, n, 118-121See also Dictionary; Lexicon; Al-gonquin.Vocabularies and grammars, impor-tance of collecting, iv, 656-657Volney, C. F., v, 53cited, I, 184; n, 357Von Gerolt, Baron, acknowledgment to,n, 330
WWaban, a mythological character, v, 409Wabanakees (Wabanakis, Wabenaki),alliance of, the Menomonie, i, 304inscriptions attributed to, i, 114name, application of, in, 353derivation of, in, 353See also Abnaki.Wabash Indians, campaign against, vi,335, 360derivation of name, rv, 379Fort Harrison invested by, vi, 359Wabash Eiver, tribes on, vi, 33, 275, 714Wabashaw (Wah-be-shaw, Wabisha),chief of the Dacotas, n, 182speech to the British, iv, 258-259;vi, 193Wabashaw's Band, a Medawakantonband, m, 613census, I, 498-507Wabedatunka, or Black Dog, a Siouxchief, I, 352Wabenaki. See Wabanakees.Wabeno(s), classification of, n, 224derivation and meaning of the term,i, 359, 367evil spirit of the Algonquins, vi, 630explanation of, I, 366explanation of symbols of, I, 368-373exponents of religion, v, 405purpose of songs and ceremonies of,1,368society of, n, 56; v, 71Wabeno songs, pictcgraphs of, vi, 397synopsis of, i, 380-381Wabeseepenukaning, Band of, a Chip-pewa band, i, 458census, i, 458-467Wabigganus, listed by Captain JohnSmith, v, 218Wabojeeg. See Waub Ojeeg.Wabose, Catherine, a Chippewa proph-etess, i, 390account of life of, i, 394-396story of vision of, i, 391-394Wabunakies, a Mississippi Valley Al-gonquin tribe, v, 41Wabushaw, Seven Fires named by, n,169Wabushaw band, listed as one of SevenFires, n, 169
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 243Wacacoys (Waccocoie), a Creek town,v,262derivation of name, iv, 380Waccoa language. See Woccoa lan-guage.Waccocoie. See Wacacoys.Waccogo, mentioned by Capt. JohnSmith, v, 218Wa-cha-mon-ya, Iowa orator, speech by,m,266Wachor Sourette Antazo, at Utah peacecouncil, iv, 596Wachos, classification of, in, 402See also Wacos.Wachucknas, location of, vi, 710population, vi, 710Wachusetts, derivation of the name, v,222members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 222Wacksoyochees, a Creek town, v, 262Wacoes. See Wacos.Wacondah (Wahconda), the benevo-lent spirit, iv, 637Dacota name for supreme god, v, 72Wacos (Wacoes, Waecoes), in, 403; vi,687dwellings of, v, 682intermarriage with Comanches, n,126language, v, 682, 712location, v, 712 ; vi, 689, 705population, i, 518 ; in, 635 ; v, 702,712; vi, 6S9, 699, 705, 708See also Wachos ; Whacoes.Wadaisaisemid. See Aisemid.Wade, Elijah, interpreter, rv, 596Wadsworth, Capt., defeat by Indians,vi, 165Wady Mohattah, discussion of engravedrocks of, i, 423Waecoes. See Wacos.Waganukizzi. See Arbre Croche.Wahclellah, a Shahalah tribe, m, 570location, in, 570See also Cascades, Watlala.Wahconda. See Wacondah.Wahhowpum. See Wahowpum.Wahkiacums, location of, in, 571population, m, 571, 609
Wahkpacoota (Wahpaakoota), a divi-sion of the Sioux nation, n, 168,169 ; in, 612identical with Wahkpatons, vi, 689Wahkpatons (Wahk-patons), vi, 689division of the Sioux nation, n,165, 168origin of name, n, 171See also Wahpeton.Wah-na-tah, Dacotah chief, story of, iv,95-96Wahongnonawit, chief of the Swams-cut, v, 228Wahowpum, location of, ni, 570population, ni, 570, 609 ; v, 706Wahpakootah and Medawakantoan,payments made to, vi, 721See also Wahpekute.Wahpaytoan and Seseetoan band, pay-ments made to, vr, 721See also Wahpeton.Wahpeeton, a division of the Sioux orDacota, ni, 612See also Wahpeton.Wahpekute. See People of the Leaves,detached ; Wahkpacoota ; Wah-pakootah ; Warpekute.Wahpeton. See People of the Leaves;Wahkpatons ; Wahpaytoan;Wahpeeton ; Warpetonwan.Wah-sher, a Klamath River tribe, ni,634Wah-sherr, a village on Klamath River,in, 138Wah-sho-kig, at Shoshone peace coun-cil, iv, 596Wah-zhusk-ons, meaning of name, in,360Wah-zu-cootas, a Yankton band, n, 169territory occupied by, n, 169Wailatpu, a linguistic family, ni, 402Waishkee's Bay, census of Indians of,i, 458-467Waitlas. See Oi Cle la.Wakamucks, population unknown, i,521Wakan, discussion of term, rv, 642 ; vi,648Wakanascecies, population of, i, 521Wakanasisi. See Wakanascecies.Wakan-men. See Medicine-men.Wakash, a linguistic family, m, 402Wakhshek. See Wah-sherr.
244 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Wakinyan, Dakotah gods, iv, 644; vi,650-651Wakokayi. See Wacacoys.Wakonda. See Wacondah.Walam Olum. See Ola Walum.Walapai. See Hah-wal-coes.Waldron, Maj., fur trader at Penna-cook, v, 235land granted to, v, 235Walker, Adam, citation from narrativeof, vi, 355Walker, Hon. R. J., iv, 657Walker, Senator, of Wisconsin, Indianlegislation discussed by, v, 463-464, 470Walker, Utah chief, ingenious horsestealing of, v, 200Walker, William, vocabulary of, n, 21Sstory concerning, v, 692Walker's River, peculiarity of, v, 202Wakhtek. See Wauh-tecq.Walking-Cloud, stoicism of, m, 245Wall, Maj. Thomas, iv, 583Walla-wallas (Wallahwollah, Walla-Wallahs, Wallawollah, Wollah-wollah,), census of, v, 493classification, in, 402hunting grounds, i, 221maps showing location, in, 96, 200marriage customs, v, 654medicine men, v, 652nature of country of, v, 656population of, i, 521; m, 570, 609.632 ; v, 490, 705, 706, 707 ; vi, 700,701Walla-walloo, a name for the We-yot,in, 133See also Wishosk.Walpi. See Opquive.Wambec, derivation of the name, vi, 174Wamesits, derivation of name, v, 221location, v, 221merged with Pennacooks, v, 222See also Pawtucket.Wampanoags, a name for Pokanokets,vi, 114, 125affiliations, vr, 150apparent meaning of name, vi, 114country inhabited by, vi, 103migration tradition, v, 98missionary work among, vi, 734, 736See also Pokanokets.
Wampum, as described by CottonMather, i, 284ceremonial use of, iv, 339description, in, 185illustration of, in, 69sacred nature of, i, 86use and value, i, 84-85among Creeks, i, 268, 273, 277among the Sioux, n, 177as a pledge, iv, 272as currency, iv, 241Wampum-belts, used as credentials, n,243, 248Wanita, Yankton chief, costume of,described, in, 67Wannalancet, petition signed by, v, 237son of Passaconnaway, v, 231Wantats, a synonym of Wyandots, rv,605warriors, rv, 605See also Hurons; Wyandots.Wapacomegat (Wappacomigat), vi, 647a Mississagie leader, vi, 336Mississagies represented by, vr, 255Wapasha. See Wabashaw.Wapokenotta. Shawnee political cap-ital, iv, 260Wapoos, absorbed by Creeks, vi, 370era of, v, 133foes of Creeks, v, 98Wappacomigat. Sec Wapacomegat.Wappatomica, mention of town of, vr,265Wappatoo Indians, population of, in,570-571, 609tribes composing, in, 570-571Wappengers, location of, vi, 147Wappockanita, intrusive antiquitiesexplained by, v, 116War(s), causes of, i, 191: n, 190; iv,52, 62Colonial, Indian part in, vi, 192-193costumes for, i, 235 ; m, 67, 216 ; rv,53-54, 63frontier Indian, account of, v, 13S-139importance to Indian mind, n, 56-57incidents of, n, 56-62Indian advantages in, in, 36Indian attitude toward, n, 548 ; in,64 ; v, 214Indian, estimated cost of, v, 500
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 245War ( s )?ContinuedIndian, of 1813, events of, vi, 361-364intertribal, effect of, vi, 420-421methods used in, m, 215-216; rv,52-53, 62, 202 ; vi, 454on Indians of Ohio Valley, iv, 622-627symbols used in commemorating, i,401-402training of boys for, n, 56-57See also Black Hawk War; KingPhilip's War; Seminole War;Pontiac ; and under tribal names.War-chief, drawing showing operationsof, iv, 495duties, iv, 52, 62power, ii, 184 ; iv, 495War clubs, Algonquin, described, i, 78buried with warrior, rv, 54illustrations of, n, 514making, described, i, 115See also Balista ; Mace ; Tomahawk.War customs, Algonquin, vi, 661Comanche, n, 132 ; 684Creek, v, 280Dacotah, iv, 62-63Kenisteno, v, 168Winnebago, iv, 51-54See also War; War dance; Warparty.War dance, n, 59-60Iroquois, described, in, 187Winnebago, described, in, 285War exploits, ceremonial recital of, in,64recorded by pictographs, i, 401, 406War honors, counting of, n, 178-179War of 1812, part taken in by Indians,in, 279 ; iv, 259 ; vi, 356-360War-paint, customs concerning, iv, 649War parties, appearance of, n, 113-114assembly and march of, m, 215 ; iv,52,62enlistment, ii, 59equipment, v, 2S0return, in, 1SS ; iv, 78start, in, 187-188See also War ; Warriors.War path of the Chippewa, i, 304War-physic, use of, v, 268War prophet, activities of, iv, 648function and power of, vi, 654-655
War shirts and coats, described, in, 67illustrated, in, 67War songs, character of, n, 60examples of, n, 59 ; 61-62of Waub Ojeeg, v, 526-527War-whoop, explanation of, iv, 53Waranakarana, mention of tribe of, iv,200Waranawankongs, a division of theMohikinder, in, 75country inhabited by, m, 75dialect of, m, 75Ward, William, v, 287Ware, Lieutenant, iv, 630Warigwick, listed by Capt. John Smith,v,218Warpekute, a subdivision of the Isan-yati, i, 248See also Wahpekute.Warpetonwan, a subdivision of theIsanyati, i, 248Warrahiagey, vi, 280Warre, Lt., Indian population estimatedby, v, 707Warren, Dr., v, 287Warren, Sir Peter, vi, 210Warren, William W., paper by, on theOjibway, u, 135qualifications, ii, 135vocabulary, n, 211Warriors, Chippewa, custom of, v, 71continence, vi, 661costumes, i, 235 ; ni, 216 ; rv, 53-54,63dependence on war-prophet, rv, 648-649discussion of Indians as, m, 479-480facial painting, ni, 216; rv, 53, 63noted Ojibwa, sketches of, ii, 160-167numbers, estimate of, in, 559table showing, in, 553-561preparation for war, vr, 661use in Revolutionary War, in, 561See also under tribal names.Warwick, R. I., attack on, by Indians,vi, 164
246 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Wasbashas (Was-ba-shaw), allegoricalorigin of, vi, 206country occupied by, vi, 206Osage name for themselves, iv, 305,592See also Osage; Washashe; Wash-bashas.Wasco (s), location of, v, 493population, v, 493See also Wascopams ; Waskows.Wascopams (Wascopan, Wascopaws),census of, v, 493maps showing location of, m, 96,200population, i, 521; in, 632; vi, 701Wasechoe, trip made by, to England,vi, 84, 89Washakie's band. See Washano.Washano, bands of, among the "Dig-gers," v, 199Washashe, a synonym for Osage (q. v.),iv, 550Washbashas (Washbashaws), a namefor the Osages, n, 35 ; v, 495 ; vi,688, 689population, vi, 689Washburn, C. P., population table by,vi, 706report, on Iroquois population, iv,603Washington, Col., expedition led by, iv,209Washington, Col. John, vi, 145expedition led by, vi, 135-136great-grandfather of George Wash-ington, vr, 136Washington, George, in, 294; v, 668;vi, 335aid asked of, by Indians, v, 667aid rendered to, by Sullivan, vr, 309early journeys, vr, 198entered into Indian warfare, vi, 208expeditions to Indian country, vi,212-214impression made on Indians, vr, 213in French and Indian wars, vi, 226in Indian wars, vr, 216Indian name of, v, 667Indian policy of, vi, 277, 338, 342Iroquois name for, ni, 525measurements of hair of, in, 383repulse of, vi, 249
Washington?Continuedsurrender at Fort Necessity, vi, 215treaties made by, vi, 365visit to Ohio Valley, vi, 596Washington and Oregon Territories,land and population of, v, 501Washington Territory, character ofland in, v, 656Indian population of, v, 490-491,703-707 ; vi, 689, 703, 705tribes and lands of, v, 703-704; vi,700, 701-702, 703Washita River, Indians on tributary of,v, 712Waskows, burials of, v, 655customs, v, 652marriage, v, 654medicine men, v, 652See also Wasco (s).Wass, Count, measurements of hair of,in, 383Wassaws, battle with Catawbas, in, 294See also Waxsaws.Wassong, speech of, at treaty withBradstreet, vi, 255Watche-namp, at Shoshone peace coun-cil, rv, 596Watch-ha-ta-kaw, brief account of, rv,233Watch-ha-ta-kaw's band, census of, i,498-507Waterees, ii, 344language undermined, v, 42status among tribes, iv, 15SWaterpower in Shoshonean country, i,209Watlala, classification of, ni, 402See also Cascades ; Wahclellah.Watsaghika. See Watsa-h^-wa.Watsa-h6-wa, a Scott's valley band, m,171, 422extent of language, m, 422Watson, Elkanah, information fur-nished by i, 139Wattasoons (Mattasoons), m, 514brief account of, in, 251resemblance of, to Mandans, m,251See also Ahahawa.Watts, Maj., at battle of Oriskany, vi,2S8Wauba, son of Sagima, vi, 202Wau-be-nace, son of Sagima, vi, 202
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 247Waub Ojeeg (Wabojeeg, Waub-o-jeeg),in, 278; v, 184biography, v, 524-527death, n, 160 ; v, 527grave-post, i, 356hunting exploit, ii, 54; v, 527renowned Ojibwa war leader, n,149victory song, n, 60-61war-chief of the Chippewa, v, 148war exploits, n, 149-150war parties led by, v, 525-526war song, v, 526Waub-o-jeeg, the third, brief account of,ii, 163Waubunsee, brief biography of, v, 530-531Wauh-tecq, a village on Klamath River,m, 138Waulatpus, population of, m, 632See also Cayuse; Yeletpo.Waw-kon-chaw-koo-kah. See Wee-no-shik.Waw-kon-chaw-zu-kaw's band, censusof, I, 49S-507Waw-kon-haw-kaw, characterization of,iv, 233Waw-kon-haw-kaw's band, census of,i, 498-507Waw-maw-noo-kaw-kaw's band, censusof, i, 498-507Waw-mo-moka, Iowa chief, character-ization of, hi, 265Waw-non-que-skoon-a, map drawn by,in, 256-257map of Ioway country by, m, 256Waxhaw. See Wassaws ; Waxsaws.Waxsaws, head flattening among, n,324-325manner of life, iv, 158Wayne, Gen., army of, attacked byCreeks, vi, 319, 332, 338campaigns against western In-dians, vi, 338-341Indian fighting of, vi, 217Indian name for, vr, 340Indians defeated by, v, 528Wayondotts. See Wyandots.Wazikute. See Wah-zu-cootas.Wea. See Ouachtenons; Ougatanons;Ouitimaus; Weas.Wea language, an Algonquin dialect, n,341
Weapons, antique Mexican, vi, 580, 589illustrated vi, 590consecration of, iv, 648-649Navajo, iv, 214of California tribes, v, 217of Columbia River tribes, hi, 215of the Dacotahs, iv, 63of the Five Nations, m, 189used in buffalo hunt, iv, 95, 96variety of, iv, 54See also Arrowheads; Arrows;Balista ; Battle-axe ; Bows andarrows ; Lances ; Mace ; Shield
;
Spear ; Tomahawk ; War club.Weas (Weeas), vi, 329, 481allies of Miamies, vr, 330also called Illinese, v, 41annuities, n, 587, 589armistice granted to, vi, 364census, I, 488-497 ; in, 621-628classification, v, 145condition of, general, rv, 467, 468report on vr, 547country occupied by, i, 488 ; in, 585,592 ; iv, 461 ; vi, 705defeat by Gen. Wayne, vi, 217friendly to the French, vi, 237funds required for, n, 575hostility, vr, 334identified as Miamies, vr, 689in Pontiac's conspiracy, vr, 243included in Algonquin group, n, 36lands of, in, 565 ; rv, 572ceded by, n, 603, 604disposal of, v, 496purchased from, n, 593, 595,598, 599, 600statistics on, n, 606maps showing location of, m, 96;vi, 519missionary work among, vr, 739,740peace sought by, vi, 343population, i, 524 ; ni, 585, 592, 609,610 ; rv, 572 ; vi, 272, 693, 705removal, vr, 516, 536agreed to, vr, 445plans for, ni, 576, 577reservation ceded by, vi, 397treaty with, v, 496, 497, 499 ; vi, 380warriors, number of, vi, 271See also Ouachtenons; Ougatam-ous; Ouitimaus.
248 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Weas and others, fiscal statistics relat-ing to, vi, 721, 723location, vi, 705population, v, 708 ; vi, 705Weas and Piankashaws, location of, vi,275maps showing colony of, iv, 180population, vi, 275Weatherford, Chas., map showing placeof, v, 255Weaving, aboriginal periods indicatedby, iv, 138-139discussion of sample of, iv, 138in Peru and Mexico, v, 106Navajo, described, iv, 436-437Pueblo, illustrated, rv, 436 ; vi, 71use of shuttle in, i, 88See also Loom ; Spinning.Webb, Gen., vr, 221Webb, Dr. Thomas H., subject referredto, rv, 121Webster, Dr. N., theory of, concerningmounds, iv, 132; vi, 602Wecquaesgeek. See Wequa-esgecks.Weeas. See Weas.Weeng, a mythological character, v, 409Wee-noo-shik's band, census of, i, 498-507Wee-no-shik (Wee-no-shaik), in, 281account of, rv, 232-233Weeokees, a Creek town, v, 262Weetumpka, derivation of name, iv, 381Wee-yot, description of, in, 127-128name given Eel River Indians, in,127origin of name, m, 422population, m, 127Wee-yot language, vocabulary of, in,434-440We guf car. See We o guf ka.Wehtl-qua, a Klamath River tribe, hi,634Weht'1-qua, a village on Klamath River,in, 138Weirs, The, former names of, v, 226Weitle toch, a Milbank Sound tribe, v,487census of, v, 487Weits-pek (1), a Klamath River tribe,in, 634Weits-pek (2), a village on KlamathRiver, ni, 138burning of, m, 138
Weits-pek language, characteristics of,in, 422territory using, in, 422vocabulary, in, 440-445Wellbanks, Capt., fraud perpetrated by,v.276Weller, Senator, of California, v, 468Indian legislation discussed by, v,467-468Wells, ancient evidence of, iv, 135Welsh element, in Indian language, rv,118Welsh explorers, supposed descendantsof, iv, 81Welsh Indians, traditional origin of, i,124 ; ii, 321 ; v, 59-60We-non-ga, brief account of, n, 165Wenongay, an Ojibwa war leader, n,155We o guf ka (We guf car Town), anUpper Creek town, iv, 576, 578chief of, iv, 576Weopemcoka tribe, vi, 91Wequa, English assisted by, vr, 118Wequa-esgecks, location of, vr, 147Weroance, title of ruler, vi, 87Wesleyan Missionary Society, missionsestablished by, vi, 739Wessagusset. See Wichagashas.Wessels, Maj., in, 100, 105, 133, 135, 155,157Westchester Algonquins, territory oc-cupied by, vr, 147Western Evangelical Missionary Soci-ety, v, 188data on missions of, vi, 740Western Foreign Missionary Society,missions established by, vi, 739West India Co., vi, 143West Indies, state of Indian art in, rv,122Westoes, subordinate tribe of the Ca-tawbas, vi, 179West River, Vt., illustrations of inscrip-tions at, vr, 606Wethersford, surrender of, vi, 374Wetlko. See Weht'1-qua.Wetumpka (Wetumpkees), a Creektown, v, 262Muscogee seat of power, vi, 32We wark ka, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 249We wark kum, a Queen Charlotte Soundtribe, v, 488census, v, 488We woak car (We woak kar, Wewo-cau), a Creek town, iv, 576, 578chief of, iv, 576derivation of name, iv, 3S0Wewoka. See We woak car.Weyapiersenwaw, treaty signed by, vr,344Weymouth, George, attack on, by In-dians, vi, 164voyage of, vi, 96Wezaokonaye, a noted Pillager, v, 189Whacoes, i, 239brief description of, i, 240population, i, 240See also Wacos.Whale's Head, Indians of, vr, 702Whaling customs of the Ma-caw Indi-ans, iv, 602Wheelappas, population, in, 632Wheeling, origin of name, iv, 379, 490
;
v, 593 ; vi, 264Wheelock, Eleazer, work of, vr, 734, 735,736Wheelock School, v, 518, 519 ; vi, 284report on, iv, 5S4Wheelpo, location of, m, 572population, in, 572, 609 ; v, 706See also Colville.Wheelwright, John, land conveyed to,v, 228
"Wheelwright Deed," v, 229Whipple, Lt. A. W., diary of, n, 100-118observations of, v, 214vocabularies collected by, m, 405Whips, illustrated, n, 516Indian form of, n, 514Whiskey trade, effects of, n, 188-189,192 ; v, 190See also Alcoholic liquors.Whistanatin, location of, vi, 702population, vr, 702Whitaker, Rev. Mr., v, 519Whitby's Island, Indian population of,v, 491tribes on, vr, 703White, Brig. Gen. James, march of,against Creeks, vr, 367White, C. P., petition signed by, in, 61SWhite, Father, Chesapeake Indiansdescribed by, vi, 129
White, Gov. John ; birth of granddaugh-ter of, vi, 93colony established by, vi, 93White, James, Indians influenced by, v,675White, Judge Hugh L., iv, 630charges of, against Mr. Curry, vi,474-475White, Lt., chief of Oakfuskies, v, 263description of, v, 255War Mico of Oakfuskies, v, 255White, Mr., murder of party of, n, 556White Cloud, Chief, brief account of,ni, 264White Dog Ceremony, v, 672See also Dogs.White Dog sacrifice, brief account of,iv, 591See also Dogs.White Eyes, Capt, i, 354White Eyes, Chief, Indian name of, in,528influence used by, vi, 300treaty signed by, vr, 303Whiteflsh, illustration of, v, 117White ground, Creek, v, 271Whitehair, Chief George, vr, 712death of, rv, 592-593White Indians. See Blanco Barbus.White Mountain Apaches; an Apachedivision, iv, 216White Mountains, aboriginal name of,ni, 521White River, bands on, vr, 703description of, iv, 312Indian name for, iv, 312journey to sources of, iv, 303-306tribe on, v, 199White River country, description of, rv,287-296White River Valley, journey through,iv, 299-303White Thunder, Chief, vi, 214White towns, Creek, places of refuge, v,279Whites, Creek relations with, v, 278effect of contact with, n, 139Indian attitude toward innovationsof, n, 189tradition concerning advent of, i,18 ; ii, 144Whiting, David V., vocabulary collectedby, m, 446
250 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Whitman family, massacre of, v, 653Whittaker, Mrs. Jane, captivity amongIndians, v, 670-672Whittlesey, Hon. E., iv, 438Whittlesy, Charles, acknowledgment to,in, 558reference to work of, iv, 190Wiam. See Wyampam.Wiandots. See Wyandots.Wi-atta-che-chah, origin of name, n,171Wichagashas, affiliation of, vi, 150Wichita language. See Witchita lan-guage.Wichitas (Witchetaws, Witchitas),brief description of, v, 683depredations committed by, v, 712language spoken by, v, 712location, in, 635 ; v, 712 ; vi, 705population, i, 518; in, 635; v, 702,712 ; vi, 689, 705, 708result of attacks on, vi, 708treaty with, vi, 461See also Panis piques.Wicocomoco. See Wicomocos; Wy-comeses.Wicomocos (Wighcomocos), locationof, vi, 131Widowers, remarriage of, in, 238Widows, customs concerning, n, 133Hindoo, customs concerning, v, 59remarriage of, in, 238sacrifice of, by California tribes, v,217Wi-e-wa-ha, Iowa chief, description of,in, 264Wife-lending, custom of, m, 190Wighcomocos. See Wicomocos.Wigwam, area characterized by, n. 26construction of, n, 80Dacota, described, n, 191Dacota, illustration of, n, 190family life in, n, 63illustrations of, n, 80, 190 ; m, 70Navaho, described, in, 70illustrated, ni, 70of New England tribes, vi, 109See also Lodge.Wihinasht, classification of, m, 402Wild Mountain tribes, California, popu-lation of, i, 520Wild-Oat Indians. See Folle Avoine.Wild olive, use of, by Indians, in, 114
Wild rice, gathering of, ni, 62-63illustrated, in, 63 ; vr, 553importance of, rv, 57in Minnesota, i, 186-187Indian names for, i, 187preparation, for food, in, 63Wild Rice Men, a name for the Meno-minee, v, 145Wilkes, Capt. C, v, 101crania collected by, v, 287population estimated by, v, 705Wilkes, J. A., Jr., work of, iv, 526, 527Wilkinson, Capt. James, rv, 629-630Wilkinson, Col. James, force com-manded by, vi, 335Wilkinson, Gen. J., iv, 630Willamets. See Willamette Indians.Willamette, pronunciation of name, v,664Willamette Indians (Willamets), classi-fication of, in, 402population, i, 521 ; vi, 701See also Cathlacumups.Willard, Capt., land granted to, v, 235Willetpos, population of, v, 706See also Cayuse.Willet(t) , Colonel, at battle of Oriskanyexpedition accompanied by, vi, 306perilous mission of, vi, 290Willewah band, location of, ni, 570population, in, 570; v, 706Williams, Ben, Indian interpreter, iv,345Williams, Col., vi, 220Williams, Eleazar, narrative from letterof, v, 511-512Williams, Ezekiel, iv, 607Williams, L. S., work of, rv, 545Williams, Roger, influence of, vr, 125,126Rhode Island, sold to, vi, 125Williamson, Col., in, 294Williamson, Col. D., expedition led by,vi, 317Williamson, Thomas S., paper by, on theDacotas, i, 247-256work of, rv, 547, 548, 549Willopah. See Wheelappas.Wilson, H. W., cited on oriental deities,v,406Wilson, J., report by, vi, 697Wilson, J. Leighton, report on missions,v,699
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 251Wilson, William, report on the Choc-taw, iv, 583-587Winchester, General, defeat of, at RiverRaisin, in, 279; vi, 362Wingenund, Chief, inscription recordingexploits of, i, 414Wingfield, Edward Maria, expeditionjoined by, vi, 96Wingina, vi, 86death of, vi, 86relations with colonists, vi, 90, 91Roanoke Island chief, vi, 85Winnabagoes. See Winnebagoes.Winnebago language, publication in, iv,549vocabulary (numerals), n, 214-216Winnebagoes (Winnabagoes), vi, 375,452, 632account of, in, 277-288 ; rv, 227-243affiliations, iv, 550Algonquin name, v, 41alliance with Menomonie, i, 304appropriation for, n, 564beliefs, iv, 238, 239, 240burial customs, iv, 54-55calendar system of, iv, 239-240census, i, 498-507 ; vi, 691, 704changes among, n, 534characteristics, in, 277classification, n, 37; in, 277, 402;vi, 206country occupied by, i, 53, 498 ; in,277-278, 584, 593; iv, 227, 228,236 ; vi, 34, 206, 385, 705cranial measurements, n, 335; in,277creation myths, iv, 228-231depopulation of, in, 281divisions, i, 498east of Mississippi, v, 42fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 720,721, 723friendly to the French, vi, 237funds required for, n, 566fur trade of, n, 527history, in, 277-282 ; iv, 231-232intemperance among, i, 435land, ceded by, n, 604 ; m, 280claimed by, in, 584purchased from, n, 593, 599,600, 601statistics on, n, 606language, in, 283, 562936706?54?17
Winnebagoes?Continuedleading men, in, 568 ; iv, 232-235linguistic affinities, i, 248manners and customs, iv, 51-59maps showing location, n, 137 ; in,96medical practices, in, 497-498medicine animal of, n, 223-224illustrated, n, 225medicine feast of, in, 286-288mental capacity, in, 277migration legend, v, 98missionary work among, v, 699 ; vi,734, 735name, derivation of, in, 277Indian names for, rv, 227synonyms for, in, 562named as one of "Seven Fires," u,169numeral system, v, 244picture writing among, i, 338population, in, 282-283, 562, 584,593, 609, 610 ; iv, 228 ; v, 708 ; vi,271, 689, 704, 705, 707portage rights, claimed by, vi, 422relations with American govern-ment, in, 280-281with other tribes, in, 277, 278,566with the English, in, 278-279with the French, in, 278removal, ni, 2S2; iv, 235; vi, 488,497, 505difficulty in, n, 551mistakes in, iv, 485-486retreat before Algonquins, n, 37rulers of, vi, 386skull of, illustrated, n, 324standing of, among tribes, rv, 235-236territory assigned to, iv, 464trade of, in, 564trading post of, in, 566tradition of, in, 266-268origin, iv, 147-148, 227, 228treaties with, v, 499, 500; vi, 380,421tribes descended from, in, 278 ; iv,227villages, number of, in, 562war customs, rv, 51-64
252 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Winnebagoes?Continuedwarriors, estimate of, in, 556, 562
;
vi, 271wigwams, n. 80See also Ounepigous ; Hochungara ;Puans.Winnecowetts, derivation of name, v,223members of Pennacook Confeder-acy, v, 223Winnebeegoshish, former name of CassLake, vi, 384Winnepesaukee. See Winnepesaukies.Winnepesaukee River, Indian fisbingon, v, 225, 226Winnepesaukies (Winnepesaukee), der-ivation of name, v, 222lands occupied by, v, 222subservient to Pennacooks, v, 222Winoca, cave described, iv, 306meaning of name, iv, 306Winslow, Josiah, Indian warfare com-manded by, vi, 162-163Wiondots. See Wyandots.Wisagecbroanu, explanation of tbename, iv, 605warriors, iv, 605Sec also Missisaugies.Wisconsin, population and area, iv, 610Wisconsin River, Indians on, vi, 385Wisconsins. See Ouisconsins.Wise, Hon. Henry A., information fur-nished by, v, 36Wiser, Conrad, census gathered by, iv,605comments on character of, iv, 617-618knowledge of Iroquois language, iv,616, 618narrative of journey of, iv, 324-341Wish-osk, name of Humboldt Bay In-dian, in, 133origin of name, in, 422See also Walla-walloo.Wish-osk language, vocabulary of, in,434-440Wishtenatin, census of, v, 492Wiskin, a Shoshonie chief, vi, 097Wisner, Col., murder of, vi, 298-307Witchcraft, discussion of belief in, in,483-485 ; iv, 489-497 ; v, 415-441illustration showing practice of, v,32
Witchcraft?Continuedpractice among Chippewas, v, 32See also Demonology; Sorcery.Witches, power of, iv, 408Witchetaws. See Wichitas.Witchita language, vocabulary of, v,709-711Witchitas. See Wichitas.Wits-puk, a Trinity River village, in,139Wiweakam. See Wewarkkum.Wiwekae. See Weewark ka.Wiyandotts. See Wyandots.Wiyat. See Wee-yot.Wiyondotts. See Wyandots.Wizards, classification of, n, 224Woccoa (Waccoa) language, relation toCatawba, in, 292vocabulary of, v, 552-556, 557-558Woccons (Woocons), classification of,ii, 343language of, extinct, in, 401See also Woccoa language.Wococon, English landing at, vi, 83Woksoyudshi. See Wacksoyochees.Wolcott, Oliver, Indian commissioner,vi, 323Wolf, James, division of Chickasaw, i,508Wolf dance, described, v, 6S3Wolf Town, census of, i, 50S-517Wolfe, Gen., capture of Quebec by, vi,234death of, vi, 234Wollahwollah (Wollawollah). SeeWalla-wallas.Women, activities of, n, 63-64illustrations of, v, 217; vi, 561average number of children of, ni,95Aztec, labor of, iv, 444burdens borne by, n, 76condition among Kenistenos, v, 167conduct at feasts, n, 75Creek, clothing of, v, 275cruel treatment by Chippewyans, v,174Dacota, chastity of, n, 197Dacotah, illustrations showing, in,236diseases of, treatment of, i, 252effect of hardship on, rv, 350; vi,562
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 253Women?Continuedexclusion at ceremonies, v, 171, 268from councils, n, 184influence, n, 184labor, i, 46, 81, 91, 285 ; n, 188, 515 ;iv, 221-222illustrated, n, 183masculine manner toward, v, 183offer of, to visitors, in, 190physical traits, iv, 350population affected by status of, i,268-269respect for chastity of, iv, 53results of mode of life of, in, 211-212riding customs, v, 210rights in council, i, 277sitting posture, in, 236; v, 182status among Comanches, i, 235-236 ; II. 131among Creeks, v, 272-273among Iroquois, in, 195-196treatment, by Apaches, v, 212wigwam controlled by, n, 63See also Childbirth; Family life;Fecundity; Labor; Marriage cus-toms ; Widows ; Virgins.Wonnesquam, orgin of name, v, 221Woocons. See Woccons.Wood, implements of, i, 78; n, 516Wood carving, illustration showing, in,468See also Utensils ; Wood.Woodcraft of the Indians, n, 54 ; in, 245Woodford, O. L., report by, on Cherokeeschools, iv, 589-590Woods, John, mounds on land of, v,665-666Woods, Col. Sarshel, in, 155, 163, 167,168, 173Worcester, Rev. S. A., data by, on Chero-kee missions, iv, 588paper by, on Cherokee language, n,443-456translations by, iv, 543Words of Indian origin, list of, withmeanings, v, 535-542Work. See Labor.Worship, places of, of nomadic tribes, i,50Wo-so-keek, celebrated Shoshoni war-rior, v, 199
Wosta, vi, 74Wounds, treatment of, I, 253-254; n,180; in, 363-364; iv, 243, 508,513-514Wox e micco, chief at Che wok o lee(Eufaula),iv, 580Wozencraft, Commissioner, populationestimated by, vi, 705Wrentham, Mass., Indians killed at, vi,160Wright, Rev. A., work of, iv, 528Wrist-bands. See Bracelets.Wilting. See Inscriptions ; Letters
;
Picture writing.Wush-ush-ko-con, chief of Mille Lacband, n, 163Wyalusing, Delawares at, v, 138Wyampam, population of, i, 521 ; vi, 702Wyandot language, vocabulary of (nu-merals ), ii, 218-220Wyandot stock. See Huron.Wyandot story of Trapping in Heaven,in, 320-322Wyandots (Wayondotts, Wiandots, Wi-ondots, Wiyandotts, Wiyondotts,Wyandotts), vi, 260, 488allies of the French, rv, 198and others, battle with, vi, 266annuities of, ii, 588appeal to Andastes, vi, 139armistice granted to, vr, 364arrival in Lake region, vi, 204at Braddock's defeat, vi, 217, 218brief account of, in, 560census, i, 441-457 ; ni, 621-628classification, in, 401Delaware massacre avenged by, v,139driven west by Six Nations, n, 139enemies of the Iroquois, in, 518, 519expulsion from St. Lawrence Val-ley, vi, 201fiscal statistics relating to, vi, 721,722, 723flight before the Iroquois, v, 143fortification built by, v, 110funds required for, n, 575general condition, iv, 466history, iv, 382-383hostile to English, vi, 237hunting grounds, vi, 714identical with Hurons, v, 495lands, ceded by, n, 604
254 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Wyandots?Continuedlands? Continuedclaimed by, in, 583, 584 ; vi, 330purchased from, n, 593, 598,600, 601statistics on, ii, 606legend of, n, 235location, i, 441 ; n, 37 ; in, 559, 583,584, 590 ; iv, 461 ; v, 495 ; vi, 275.301, 705, 714maps, showing colony of, rv, 180showing location, m, 96 ; vi, 519migrations, v, 41, 521missionary work among, vi, 737,738, 739, 740numeral system, v, 244of Iroquois stock, n, 37part taken by, in Pontiac's con-spiracy, vi, 246peace made by, v, 139 ; vi, 254, 343population of, in, 583, 584, 585, 590,610 ; v, 495, 708 ; vi, 272, 275, 689,705, 714relations with Five Nations, i, 197
;
vi, 200-201with the French, v, 522with the Iroquois, n, 85removal, v, 495; vi, 515, 516, 536plans for, in, 576, 577result of flight of, vi, 201school attendance, iv, 477totems, in, 554treaties with, v, 497, 499; vi, 327,330, 334, 380war on, by Iroquois, v, 137warriors, estimate of, in, 554, 559,560 ; vi, 261See also Hurons ; Wantats.Wyanokes, included in Monacan dia-lects, in, 292Wycomeses, vi, 143See also Wicomocos.Wyeth, John, drawings made by, ii, 23Wyeth, Nathanial J., brief sketch of, i.203letters of, on Shoshonean Indians,I, 204-228Wyllis, Major, death of, vr, 331Wyoming massacre, allusions to, v, 671,672discussion of events concerning, v,672-673question concerning, iv, 345, 346
Wysockton, former name of Wysox, v,670Wyth, Mr., expedition accompanied by,vi, 85Wythlacooche River, massacre near, vr,469-470
Xabe, guide for the Spaniards, iv, 29Xaragua, Province of, described, n, 309Xolotl, beginning of reign of, vi, 742Xolotol, sacrifices to, v, 103
Yacaawa. See Yacaws.Yacamas, population of, vr, 702Yacaws (Yacaaws, Yackaws), locationof, vi, 689population, i, 521; in, 632; vi, 689See also Cutsahnim ; Yakamas.Yachamsee, chief of the Sisticoosta, vi,702Yackaws. See Yacaws.Yackimas. See Yakamas.Yagowanea (Yogowanea), queen of theEries, iv, 198 ; vi, 148tradition of, iv, 199-201 ; v, 643-644treachery of, vr, 148See also Gegosasa.Yahach. See Youitts.Yahshute (Yah Shutes), a Rogue Riverband, vi, 702census, v, 493 ; vi, 702chief of, vi, 702classification, vr, 702location, vr, 702population, vr, 702See also Yasuchahs.Yaka, Huron chief, at siege of Detroit,n, 242, 243, 248Yakai and others, estimated populationof, in, 634Yakama River, earthworks on, v, 101
;
vi, 612Yakama Valley, earthworks of, v, 665Yakamas (Yackimas), fortificationserected by, vi, 613location of, v, 490maps showing location, in, 96, 200population, in, 632 ; v, 490, 705, 706,707 ; vi, 700See also Cutsahnim ; Yacaws.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES" 255Yakima. See Cutsahnim; Yacaws;Yakamas.Yaltasse, location of, m, 585population, in, 585See also Yattapo.Yam, use by Oregon tribes, v, 80Yamacraws, foes of Creeks, v, 98Yamas. See Yamasees.Yamasees (Yamas, Yamases, Yainas-sees, Yemassees), absorbed byCreeks, vi, 370classification, n, 344country occupied by, n, 36 ; vi, 31-32foes of the Creeks, v, 98hostilities of, reference to, vi, 193identification, vi, 185independence in warfare, vi, 199-200kidnapped by Vasquez de Ayllon, ii,35-36massacre by, reference to, vi, 185missionary work among, vi, 734,735subordinate tribe of the Catawbas,vi, 179war against colonists, vi, 158Yamases (Yamassees). See Yamasees.Yambadika. See Yumpatickara.Yamel. See Yam Hill Indians.Yam Hill Indians, population of, i, 521 ;vi, 689, 701Yampa. See Yampatick-ara.Yampah, Shoshonee name for LittleBear River, i, 226Yam-pai-o (Yampais), a division of theYuma, n, 116location, ii, 116map showing, iv, 24See also Yavipais.Yampais. See Yam-pai-o.Yampapas, a division of the Utahs, vi,697population, vi, 697Yamparacks (Yamparecks), a Coman-che band, i, 230 ; v, 575region occupied by, i, 230Yampaticara, classification of, vi, 689location, vi, 689Yarapatick-ara, a Shoshonee division, i,198description, i, 198-199identified as Bonaeks, i, 19S
Yampatick-ara?Continuedmeaning of name, i, 260territory of, i, 198Yanctonas (Yanctons, Yanctonwfis).See Yankton.Yankton (Yanctonas, Yanctons, Yanc-tonwas), vr, 695census, vr, 556classification, in, 402country inhabited by, in, 629; v,494; vi, 556, 695Dakotah band, vi, 350divisions, n, 169 ; in, 629of the Sioux, ii, 169; in, 612,629identification, vr, 689language spoken by, in, 563leading men, in, 569, 629nickname of, iv, 559other names for, in, 563population, in, 563 ; v, 494 ; vi, 689695trade of, m, 564warriors, number of, in, 563See also Ihanktonwan ; Yanton Da-kotahs.Yankton, Teton, and Cheyenne Sioux,population of, vi, 707Yanktonai. See Eyank-ton-wah ; Yank-tonas.Yanktonas (Yauk-ton-ees, Yanktonnan,Yank-ton -us), a division of theSioux, in, 629divisions, m, 629lea'ding men, in, 629population, v, 494territory occupied by, n, 169; in,629 ; v, 494Yankton band, n, 169Yank-ton-ees. See Yanktonas.Yanktonnan. See Yanktonas.Yank-ton-us. See Yanktonas.Yanton Dakotahs, treaty made by, vi,421See also Yankton.Yaocomicos, account of, vi, 128classification, vr, 128location, vi, 128Yaquina. See Jacons ; Youikcones.Yarmouth, Indians at, i, 287Yasuchahs (Yasuchans), maps showinglocation of, in, 96, 200See also Yahshute.
256 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 152Yatasi. See Yaltasse ; Yattapo.Yattapo, country occupied by, in, 5%population, in, 596See also Yaltasse.Yau-terrh, a Klamath River tribe, m,634Klamath River village, in, 138Yavapai. See Yam-pai-o ; Yavipais.Yavipais, reference to, in, 297, 298Yazoos, missionary work among, vi, 734,735Yehuh, a Shahalah tribe, m, 570location of, ni, 570Yeletpo band, location of, in, 570population, ni, 570See also Cayuse; Waulatpus.Yellow-Gown, The, a noted Pillager, v,189Yellow Head, Chief, i, 145Yellow-hunter, a Comanche chief, n, 128Yellowstone River, tribe living on, vi,556Yellow Wolf, a Comanche chief, in, 635Yemassees. See Yamasees.Yepiti, basket press, described, rv, 444-447illustrated, rv, 456Ynca-stone, mirrors made of, v, 91-92Yochem, Jacob, rv, 315Yoghagany, origin of name, vr, 176-177Yogowanea. See Yagowanea.Yo ho lo har jo, chief at Che hawah, iv,580Yoholo mieco, a Creek chief, rv, 576Yohter. Sec Yau-terrh.Yokaia. S:-c Yukai.Yoqueechaes (Youqueechaes), mapsshowing location of, in, 96, 200Sec also Euquaehee ; Yuquache.Yo-semety Indians, capture of, rv, 222Yo-semety Valley, description of, iv,222-223Yosemite. Sec Yo-semety Valley.You ah noe, census of, v, 489language, v, 4S9location, v, 489Youikcones. location of, in, ."."1population, in, 571See also Jacons.Youitts, location of, in, 571population, in, 571Young, Gov., extract from letter 0) , iv.596-597
Young King, Chief, annuity of, n, 585Youqueechaes. See Yoqueechaes.Youruk, application of name, in, 151Youtas. See Yutas.Yo-woc-o-nees, language spoken by, v,712location, v, 712See also Tawakoni.Ystete, language of, v, 689See also Isleta.Yubas, location of, vi, 710population, vi, 710Yubuincariri. See Jumbuicrariri.Yucatan, antiquities of, vi, 582discovery of, in, 27Yuchi. See Euchee ; Savanuca ; Uchees ;Utchees.Yuf kar e marth lar har jo, a Thla-katchka chief, rv, 579Yu-kai, a band on Russian River, in, 421treaty made with, in, 112vocabulary obtained from, in, 112Yukai language, vocabulary of, in, 428-434Yukichetunne. See Euquaehee ; Yoquee-chaes ; Yuquache.Yuma language, vocabulary of, n, 118-121Yumanos. See Humanos.Yumas, description of, n, 110disposition of, n, 118divisions, n, 115-116facial painting, v, 214maps showing location, in, 96 ; rv,24missionary work among, vi, 734number at mouth of Gila, n, 103numeral system, v, 244religion, n, 117See also Cuchans; Garoteros;Umahs.Yumpatick-ara, population of, i, 522Vnpu. See Yubas.Yuqua Creek, Indians of, vi, 702Yuquache, location of, vr, 702population, vi, 702See also Euquaehee; Yoqueechaes.Yuque-Yunque, identification of, iv, 39visited by Spaniards, iv, 39Yurok. See Weits-pek; Youruk.
Nichols] INDEX TO SCHOOLCRAFT'S "U. S. INDIAN TRIBES' 257Yutas (Youtas), i, 219; m, 297brief account of, i, 244location, vi, 689population, i, 244, 245 ; vi, 689ZZacatecas, antiquities in, vi, 5S1Zander, William, missionary labors of,v, 680Zantees, a synonym for Santees, iv, 155Zea maize. See Corn.Zeisberger, David (Rev.), grammar by,of Lenno Lenape, n, 357translation by, iv, 540Zesuqua. See Tesuque.Zba-ba-ties, assistance in interpreta-tion, i, 113Zilly-Quacbne, identified as Sunbury,iv, 325Zinzendorf, Count, doctrine of, v, 138daughter of, v, 681erroneous policy of, vr, 299
Zinzendorf?Continuedmission founded by, v. 503 ; vr, 264missionary work of, v, OS0-0S1; vi,734welcomed by Shikelinm, tv, 617Zizania palustris. See Wild rice.Zoroaster, doctrines of, i, 30, 31, 32Zuiii Indians, m, 297description of, rv, 220-221language of, iv, 81 ; v, 689location, vi, 689peculiar weaving of, iv, 81population, vr, 689, 709vocabulary, iv, 416-429Zufii pueblo, rv, 216 ; v, 107defenses of, rv, 81description, iv, SO-81illustration of, rv, 24population, i, 519 ; m, 633 ; v, 484possibly Cibola, rv, 220-221See also Old Zufii.o
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