SYNOPSIS OF THE FAMILY TELLINID^E AND OF THENORTH AMERICAN SPECIES. By William Healey Dall,Honorary Curator, Divmon of Mollusks. In reviewing the family Tellinida?, as restricted })y me,^ for thepurpose of revising the American Tertiary species, so much work wasnecessitated on the recent forms of our coast as to make it desirable torecord it for the benefit of students of the existing fauna.The present synopsis aims to include in the list of North Americanspecies those which have been actually found on our coasts, exclusiveof Central America and the West Indies, excepting a few which itseemed, for one reason or another, were likely to occur there, anddo occur in adjacent waters, and have therefore been inserted. Noattempt has been made to include a complete enumeration of the WestIndian or Panamic Tellinida?, though it is probable that a much largei'number of them than is now known to do so will eventually be foundto reach our waters. The energetic researches of Mrs. Oldroyd andother Californian collectors have already added a large number ofmolluscan species to the fauna of San Diego and San Pedro, whichwere previously recorded only from Mexico or Middle America, andit is to be anticipated that thorough dredging will add largely to thenumber. The northern limit of the Panamic fauna is Point Concep-tion, California; its southern limit is probabl}^ in the vicinity of Payta,Peru, where the Peruvian current strikes westward across the Pacific.Each coast boasts of over fifty species of Tellinida?, the Pacific coastbeing slightly the richer, especially in the genus Macoitia.Pelecypods, being creatures living usually in moderate depths, arewell suited to give indications of faunal relations as modified ])y geo-logical changes. A table of the species common to both coasts, orrepresented by closely related analogues, will not ])e without interest. ^ Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science, III, Pt. 3, 1895.Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXIIl?No. 1210. 286 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.. XXIII. 1. SUBTROPICAL SPECIES.PACIFIC COAST.Tellina cumingi.Merisca redusa.Merisca crystallina.EfliptoteUinri pacifica.Euryiellina rubescens.Moerella Tnerojms.Angulns mamel/ii.Angulus carj)enteri,Angulus modestus.Scissula virgo.Strigilla fucata.Strigilla clcercida.Strigilla lenticula.Tdlidora bumeti.Metis alia.Macoma leptonoidea.Cymatoica undulata.Psammacoma iMnamensis. ATLANTIC COAST.Tellina interrupta.Merisca lintea.Merisca crystallina.Elliptotellina americana.Eurytellina angidosa.Angulus promerus.Angulus sybarilicus.Angidus consobrinus.Angulus tener.Sci'tsida exilis.Strigilla camaria.Strigilla pisiformh.Strigilla flexuosa.Tellidora cristata.Metis intastriata.Macoma leptonoidea.Cymatoica orientalis.Psammacoma extenuata. 2. BOREAL SPECIES.PACIFIC COAST. ATLANTIC COAST.Macoma krausd.Macoma calcarea.Macoma balthica. Macoma krausei var.fMacoma calcarea.Macoma balthica.Table 1 shows that of the subtropical species eighteen are repre-sented to some extent on both sides of the Isthmus of Panama andMiddle America. Of these two, or perhaps three, are unchanged ])ytheir long separation, or about 17 per cent. If we adopt the geolog-ical percentages l)y which faunas are referred to suljclivisions of theTertiar}", this proportion would indicate for our Tellinas a separationdating from some time in the Miocene, which is exactly what w^e learnfrom the geology of the Middle American region, where the lastmarine beds of any general extent, indicating a connection of the twooceans, belong to the Oligocene epoch, while the absence of marineMiocene from the whole of this region leads to the belief that the landsurface was during that epoch above the sea.I do not regard the evidence of the Tellinas alone as more than atrifle, but such as it is it coincides with other evidence of more weight.While some portions of Middle America may have been low enoughto permit the passage of water between the two oceans since the UpperOligocene, yet it is quite certain that t\A^ connection, if it existed, didnot lead to an}^ important interchange of animal life, nor prevent thenorthward migration of South and Middle American vertebrates andfresh-water raollusks into the continent of North America.The boreal types tell another story, as they are practically common NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDyE?DALL. 287to the two oceans, a.s, indeed, is an overwhelming proportion of thewliole Arctic and boreal fauna, thoug-h largely mixed toward thesouth with the fauna of the temperate regions, which is distinct.As the Tellinas are mostly inhabitants of moderate depths, theirdistril)ution in latitude rarely affords anything remarkable. A fewspecies, like Mdconid Inflatula., manage to extend their range over thenorthern l)order of the Panamic province by descending to considerabledepths, where they find their normal temperatui'e; and one species,found in shallow water on the Texas coast, b}- some remarkable chancestill survives in deep water off' the coast of California, though notknown near shore. It may perhaps ])e a relic of the time when thecold northern current, passing through the Suwanee Strait (now theneck of the Floridian peninsula), carried a number of cold-water typesto the northern shores of the Gulf of Mexico, where several of themhave accommodated themselves to circumstances and still survive.The full synonymy of the genera and of such species as were repre-sented in the Tertiary or Pleistocene beds of North America will befound in the Transactions of the Wagner Institute, III, Pt. 5, now inpress. For the convenience of students I add a list of referenceswhich will enable them to look up any of the species cited.I may add that for want of time and material, in the synopsis of thegroup-names of the famil3\ no attempt has been made to include themore or less prol)lematical groups of the Mesozoic which are the pre-cursors of Tdllna and its allies.WORKS REFERRED TO BY DATES IN THE TEXT.1758. LiNNiEUS, Systema Naturie, 10th Edition.1778. Da Costa, Britisli Conchology.1780. Fabricius, Fauna Grunlandica.1780. Born, Mns. Test. Vindobonensis.1792. (tMElin, Systema Natune, I, Pt. 6.1797. Humphrey, Museum Calonnianum.1798. Spengler, Skrifter Naturistoriske Selskabet, IV.1799. Lamarck, Prodrome d'un Nouveau Classification des (Joiiuiiles.1802. Bosc, Histoire Naturelle des Coquilles, III.1803-4. Montagu, Testacea Britannica.1806. SowERBY, British Miscellany.1811. Megerle, Magasin der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zii Berlin.1812. Lamarck, Systeme des Animaux sans Vertebres.1815. Wood, General C-onchology.1817. Schumacher, Essai d'un Nouveau Systeme des habitations des Vers testaces.1817. DiLLWYN, Catalogue of Recent Shells, I.1818. Lamarck, Animaux sans Vertebres, V.1819. Leach, Journal de Physique, LXXXVIII.1819. TuRTON, Conchological Dictionary of the British Islands.1822. TuRTON, Dithyra Britannica, or Bivalve Shells of the British Islands.1822. Say, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, II.1824. Say, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, III. 288 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.1825. Gray, Annals of Philosophy, XXV.1827. Say, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Y.1827. (Leach in) Browx, Illustrations of the recent Conchology of Great Britain andIreland.1828. Gray, in Wood's Index Testaceologicus, supplement.1829. Beodkrip and Sowerby, Zoological Journal, IV.1831. Conrad, American Marine Conchology.1834. Say, American Conchology.1834. Conrad, American Conchology (Say), Pt. 7.1834. Gray, in Grithth's Cuvier, XII.1837. Conrad, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, VII.1838. CouTHouY, Boston Journal of Natural History, II.1839. Lyell, Geological Transactions, 2d ser. , VI.1839. Sowerby, Zoology of the voyage of the Blossom, Captain Beechey.1841. Petit, R6vue de Zoologie, Paris.1842. MoLLER, Index Molluscorum Gronlandife.1843. (Cozzens in) De Kay, Natural History of New York, V.1844. Hanley, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.1844. MiGHELs, Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, I.1844. PiiiLippi, Zeitschrift fiir Malacozoologie, I.1844. Hinds, Zoology (Mollusca) of the voyage of the Sulphur.1845. PniLiPri, Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neue oder wenig-gekannterConchylien, II.1845. C. B. Adams, Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, II.1846. Deshayes, Exploration de I'Algerie; histoire naturelle des mollusques acepha-les, Pt. 6.1840. (Okbic^ny in) Sagra, Mollusca Cubana, II.1846-47. Hanley, Monograph of Tellina, in Sowerby, Thesaurus Oonchyliorum.1847. Menke, Zeitschrift fiir INIalacozoologie.1848. Deshayes, Exploration de I'Algerie, Pt. 22.1848. Agassiz, Nomenclator Zoologicus; Index.1851. Gray, List British Animals, B. M.1851. Middendorff, Sibirische Reise, II, Pt. 1.1851-52. Gould, Journal of the Boston Society of Natural History, YI.1852. Leach, Mollusca of Great Britain, edited by Gray.1852. Recluz, Journal de Conchyliologie, III.1852. C. B. Adams, Panama Shells.1853. Morch, Yoldi Catalogue, Pt. 2.1853. (ORBiciNY in) Sagra, Mollusca Cubana, II.1853. Eecluz, Journal de Conchyliologie, lY.1854. Deshayes, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.1856. Carpenter, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.1856. (MoRCH in) H. and A. Adams' Genera of Recent Mollusca, II.1856-58. H. and A. Adams' Genera of Recent Mollusca, II.1857. Carpenter, Catalogue of INIazatlan Shells in the British INIusenm.1857. Stimpson, Shells of New England.1860. H. Adams, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London.1860. Conrad, Journal Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2d ser., IV.1861. Morch, Malacozoologische Blatter, YII; also Pfeiffer, in Index.1862. DuNKER, Malacozoologische Blatter, VIII.1864. Carpenter, Supplementary Report to the British Association for 1863, onMollusks of Western North America.1864. Krebs, The West Indian Marine Shells.1865. Carpenter, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. NO. 1210. SYXOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.E?DALL. 2891865. Carpenter, Proceedings of the California Academy of Natural Sciences, III.1866. Conrad, American Journal of Concholotjy, II.1867-68. SowERBY, I\Ionograi)h of Tcllina, in lieevo, Conchologia Iconica, XVII.1869. Tryon, Catalogue of Tellinidit', in American Journal of Conchology. IV1869. Conrad, in Tryon, 1869.1870. Tryon, American Journal of Conchology, VI.1871. Stoliczka, Cretaceous Pelecypoda of India.1871. Meek, Annual Report, Hayden'& Survey of the Territories of Wyoming, etc.1872. Verrill, Report on the Invertebrate Animals of Vineyard Sound, U. S. FishCommission.1872. RoEMER, Monograph of Tellina, in Martini and Chemnitz, Conchylien Cab-inet, 2d edition.1875. (Conrad in) Kerr, Geological Report of Xcvth Carohna, Appendix 9. (Sep-arates in 1873?)1878. Bertin, Xouvelles Archives du ^Museum, Paris, 2d ser.,I. Monograph ofTellinid;e.1880. Arango, Malacologia Cubana.1880. Whiteaves, Report of Progress, Canadian Geological Survey.1881. Dall, Report on the Blake Mollusks, Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoologv,IX.1884. MoNTEROSATO, Nomeiiclatura Conchiglie Mediterranee.1885. Krause, Archiv. fiir Xaturgeschichte.1886. CossMANN, Catalogue Illustre des Coquilles fossiles de 1'Eocene des environs deParis, Pt. 2.1887. Fischer, Manual de Conchy] iologie.1889. Dall, Bulletin Xo. 37, U. S. Xational Museum.1889. Dall, Proceedings of the U. S. Xational Museum.1891. Dall, Proceedings of the U. S. Xational ]\Iuseum.1892. CoasMANN, Catalogue Illustre des Coquilles fossiles de I' Eocene des environs deParis, Pt. 5.1895. Dall, The Xautilus, IX, Xo. 3.1897. Dall, Xatural History Society British Columbia, Bulletin Xo. 2. SYNOPSIS OF THE FAMILY TELLIXID^.Genus TELLINA (LinnasLis) Lamarck, 1799. a. Hinge vydh tico lateral lamhue in each valve.Subgenus Tellina Lamarck, 1799. Type, Tellina v'rrgata Linnreus.Amjulax Megerle. iNll; Tellinella "Gray," Morch, 1853, and EateUinaFischer, 1887, are synonymous.Section Liotellina Fischer, 1887. Type, Tellina radlata Linnseus.2rusGulus Morch, 1853, not Rafinesque, 1818, is synonymous.Section Macallopsis Cossmann, 188G. Type, Tellina harrandeiDeshayes, (Eocene.)Arcopagiopsis Cossmann, 1886, is closely allied.Section Herovvalin (\3ssmann. 1892. Typo. Ilerouvalla semitextaCossmann.Pioc. N. M. vol. xxiii il> 290 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.Section ArcojxigelJa INIeek, 1871. Tj'pe, ArcojMgellit mactroidmMeek, (Cretaceous. ) Shell with the form and sculpture of Moerella, the sinus of Arco-jjagia^ and the hinge of Tellina.Subgenus Linearia Conrad, 1S()0. Type, Linearla metastriata Con-rad. (Cretaceous.) h. Hinge with two lateral lainince, in the rigid valve^ the laminm of theleft valve more or less ohsolete^ or absent.Subg-enus Elliptotellina Cossmann, 1866. Type, Tellina telUnellaLamarck. (Eocene.)Subgenus Pseudarcopagia Bertin, 1878. Type, Tellina decussataLamarck.Subgenus Arcopagia (Leach), 1827. T^'pe, Tellina crassa Pennant.Cydippe (Leach), 1852, not Eschscholtz, 1829; not ArcopagiaOrbigny, 1853,Section Cyclotellina Cossmann, 1886. Type, Tellina lunulataDeshayes. (Eocene.)Section Phyllodina Dall, 1900. Type, Tellina squamifera De-shayes.This has the form of Phylloda, and the sinus of Arcopagia.Section Merisca Dall, 1900. T3q3e, Tellina crystallina Wood.This group ( omprises more or less trigonal, usually rather convexshells of small or moderate size, with lamellose concentric sculptureand often fine radial lines in the interspaces. There is a narrow butsharp posterior flexure; the laterals of the right valve are stronglydeveloped, but the left valve is without lateral teeth, its margin fittingabove the laterals of the opposite valve. The pallial sinus is ample,frequently wholly confluent below and always largely confluent,the dorsal portion often represented only l)y a line connecting theadductors.These shells are related to Macaliopsis., from which they difi'er inthe absence of lateral teeth in the left valve; to Moerella., from whichthe sculpture and posterior fold separate them* and to Pseadarcopagia.,which is not rostrate nor folded, Avhile its radial sculpture is moreconspicuous. The recent species are usually pale, without color mark-ings, or white, and inhabit the warmer seas.Section Eurytellina Fischer, 1887, Type, Tellina jyunicea, Born,Peponcmderma^\.o\Q\x^ 1853, not Poli, 1795,Section Scrobiculina Dall, 1900, Type, Scrohicxdaria viridotinctaCarpenter, I NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDM?BALL. 291Shell tcllinoid, thin; rosiliuni short, .strong, internal; hint^e withfeeble laterals; sinus confluent below.Section QtuidraTis Bertin, 1878. Type, Tellina gargadla Linnaeus.Section TelUnides Lamarck, 1818. Type, Tellina timorenawLamarck.Subgenus Phylloda Schumacher, 1817. Type, Tellina follacea Lin-naius.Subgenus Moerella Fischer, 1887. Type, Tellina donacina Linnaeus.Moera H. and A. Adams, 1856, not Loach, 1815; Maera H. and A.Adams, 1858, not Leach, 1813; Donacilla Gray, 1851, not Lamarck,1812. c. Hinge with a single strong right anterior lateral^ closely adjacent tothe caTdinals^ the other laterals abse)it.Subgenus Angulus (Megerle em.), 1811. Type, Tellina lanceolataLinnieus.F(d)ulina Gray, 1851, and Tellinida (sp.) auct., as of Chemnitz,are synonymous.Section Angidus s. s.Surface smooth or finely concentrically sculptured.Section Scissula Dall, 1900. Type, Tellina decora Say.Surface obliquely grooved.Section Oudardia Monterosato, 1881. Type, Tellina compressaBrocchi.With a thick internal anterior rib.Section Peronidia Dall, 1900. Type, Tellina albicans Gmelin{nitida auct.).Peronwa Morch, 1853, not Peronea Curtis, 1821.Subgenus Omala Schumacher, 1817. Type, Tellina hyalina Gmelin.Ilomala Agassiz, 1818, not Morch, 1853. ? Section Homalina Stoliczka, 1871. Type, Tellina triangularisDillwyn.Ilomala Morch, 1853, not Agassiz, 1818?Genus STRIGILLA Turton, 1822.Type, Tellina carnaria Linnseus.Strigella Gray, 1812; Strlgillina. Stoliczka, 1871, not Dunkcr, 1862;Liimcola Fischer, 1887, not Koch, 1816, nor Leach, 1862; StrigidaPfeiffer, 1861. Genus TELLIDORA (Morch), 1856.Type, Tellina hurneti Broderip and Sowerljy. 292 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.Genus METIS H. and A. Adams, 1856.Type, Tellina meyeri Dunker.Capsa Lamarck, 1799, not Humphrey, 1797; Casjxi Bosc, 1802;Lutricola Carpenter, 1863, not Bluinville, 1825.Genus GASTRANA Schumacher, 1817.Type, TeUliia fragtllx Linnanis.Fragilia Deshayes, 1848; Diodonta Deshayes, 18'16, not Schu-macher, 1817. Genus MACOMA Leach.Subg-enus Macoma Loach, 1819. Type, Macoma tenera Leach{= Tellina calcarea Gmelin).Valves subtrigonal, rarely inflated, subequilateral, with a well-marked posterior flexure; sinus usually confluent below with the pal-lial line. Tertiary to recent in the cooler seas. Macroma Gray, 1825,and Limicola Leach, 1852, not Koch, 1816, are synonymous.Section Macalia H. Adams, 1860. Type, Tellina hruguiereiHanley.Tellinungula Roemer, 1872, and Capsa Trj^on, 1869, not Hum-phrey, 1797, are synonyms. ? Section Rexithiierus Conrad, 1869. Type, Macoma secta Conrad.Subgenus Cymatoica Dall, 1889. Type, Tellina xindidata Hanley(+ occidentalis Dall).Subgenus Psammacoma Dall, 1900. Type, Psamnnotcea Candida(Lamarck), Bertin.Valves elongate, convex, thin, the posterior end markedly shorter;posterior flexure obsolete; sinus (in the type) free, or only partly coa-lescent with the pallial line. Tertiary to recent; warmer seas.Section Psammacoma s. s. Sinus free, gibbous, short. Type,Macoma Candida (Lamarck^), Bertin.Section Cydippina Dall, 1900. Sinus partly coalescent below, |elongated. Tj^pe, Macoma hrevifrons Say.Section Psammotreta Dall, 1900. Type, Tellina aurora Hanley.Like Pmmmacoma^ but shorter, with the resiliuin internal, shorterthan and partly separated from the ligament. This section l)ears toPsammacoma a relation similar to that which Scrobicidina does toAngulus in the genus Tellina. ^This is the Tellina galaihea Hanley, not Lamarck, according to Bertin, and theTellina sei'icina Jonas, 1844. NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID^E?BALL. 293SPECIES OF THE EASTP]RN (!()AST OF NORTH AiSlEUlCA.Genus TELLINA (Linnaeus).TELLINA INTERRUPTA Wood, 1815.Cape Lookout, North Carolina, .south to Brazil; Bermuda.7WUna inaeulosa Lamarck, 1818; Tellina (mitonl Philippi, lS4-t, andTeUina mexicana Petit, 1811, are synonyms. The latter name hasbeen retained in a varietal sense, for the more slender aspects of thespecies. TELLINA LAEVIGATA Linnaeus, 1758.Tampa, on the west coast of Florida, Bermuda, and southward.This species is not cited from Cuba b}" Arango, herce its rangeseems in need of elucidation. TeUina Imvis Krebs, not of Rumphius,seems to be the only synonym.TELLINA LINEATA Turton, 1819.St. Augustine, Florida, south to Brazil.TeUina hramliana Lamarck, 1818, not Spengler, 1798, TeUina stri-ata Montagu, 1803, not Chemnitz, TeUina tenuis Conrad, 1831, andTeUina decussatula C. B. Adams, 1845 are synonyms. The hinge isthat of EnryteUina^ but the other characters are more like the typicalsection of the genus.TELLINA (LIOTELLINA) RADIATA Linnaeus, 1758.Charleston, South Carolina, south to the West Indies; Bermuda.This is variable in color markings, TeUina nivea Wood, 1815, andTeUina tmimaculata Lamarck, 1818, are color varieties.TELLINA (MERISCA) CRYSTALLINA Wood, 1815.Sullivans Island, South Carolina, Maz3"ck, 181>2; St. Thomas, WestIndies, Swift; Carthagena, Krebs. Also on the Pacitic coast.TeUina schraimni Recluz, 1853, is synonymous.TELLINA (MERISCA) LINTEA Conrad, 1837.Miocene to recent. Coast of North Carolina southward; MobilePoint, Gulf coast (Conrad).TELLINA (MERISCA) iEQUISTRIATA Say, 1824.Miocene (Maryland) to recent. North Carolina coast southward tonorthern Brazil.Closely resembling the preceding, but more densely sculptured andmore elongated. The sinus nearly reaches the anterior adductor, andis wholly confluent below in both species. 294 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) AMERICANA Dall, 1900.Off Cape Lookout, North Carolina, in 52 fathoms sand,TELLINA (CYCLOTELLINA) FAUSTA Donovan, 1804.Off shore in about the latitude of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina,southward to the West Indies.Commonly referred to Arcojxigia, but has the sinus partly confluentbelow and linked by a linear scar to the anterior adductor scar.TeUina Ic&vis Wood, 1815, and Telling remwM Born, 1780, not ofLinnanis. 1758. are synonyms.TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) ALTERNATA Say, 1822.Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, south to Belize and Samana Bay.There are sometimes traces of the left laterals, but they are usuallyobsolete. The pink variet}^ may be discriminated from the closelyallied TeUina angnlosa by the fact that in the former the pallial sinusdoes not touch the anterior adductor scar. This species is the TeUinapunicea of Orbigny in part, but not of Born; and the TeUina tayhrr-iana Sowerl\Y, 1867, was founded on the pink variety.TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) ANGULOSA Gmelin, 1792.Florida Keys and southward to Brazil.TtJlina t:i}a decora. TELLINA (SCISSULA) IRIS Say, 1822.North Carolina, south to the Florida Keys.This is not 7'<7//;?^8'*foTmh was namedLucina 2>ulchella hy C. B. Adams in 1816.Genus TELLIDORA Morch.TELLIDORA CRISTATA Recluz, 1843.North Carolina south to Trinidad. Also Pliocene.Tellidora latadata Holmes, 1858, is synonymous. The left valve isthe flatter; in Tellidora hurneti Sowerby the reverse is the case.Genus METIS H. and A. Adams.METIS INTASTRIATA (Say), 1827.Florida southward through the Antilles.The name was probably a misprint for interstriata. Tellinagnmeri Philippi, 1815, Tellina inornata (Adams fide) Krebs, 1861,not of Hanley, 1811, and Tellina lacuwmi Bertin (ex parte), 1878,non Chemnitz, are S3mon3anous. The species has been confoundedwith Macoma constricta Bruguiere by several authors, and with Metisephippiuiii Spengler, a Chinese species.Genus MACOMA Leach.MACOMA CONSTRICTA (Bruguiere), 1792.New Jersey coast (Wheatley) south to Santa Caterina, Brazil.The sinus usually, but not always, touches the anterior adductorscar; when shorter the right valve usually has it free. Tellina caijen-nensis Lamarck (arj Psammolna), 1818, Tellina lateralis Say, 1827, andTellina inornata Adams are synonymous, and probably Tellinasuensmii (Morch manuscript) Deshayes, 1851.MACOMA KRAUSEI Dall, 1900.Spitsbergen, Greenland, and Bering Sea.MACOMA BALTHICA (Linnaeus), 1758.Arctic and boreal seas generally, and in cool water southward toCeorgia and the Mediterranean. In the north it is chiefly littoral, andaflects localities where the water is slightly brackish.Venus fragHi.'< O. Fabricius, 1780, not of Linnreus; Tellina gron-landica (Beck) Lyell, 1839; Psamniobia fusca Sa}", 1827; Sanguino- NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLIXIDA^lJALL. 299Uirlafmca Conrad, 1831; Tellina inconsjjicua Broderip mid 8owerl)v,1821); Tdllna tenera Morch, 1857, not of Say, 1.S22; Tdllna fahrlcllHanley, 1847; Tdl'ma fraijilh MoUer, 1812, not of Linnaeus; TellinamoUeri Deshayes, and Tellina dithia Dcshayes, 1854, and probablyTeJlina plciui Soworby, 1808; are S3'nonyiiious.The orijrinal TeUlna halthica was the thin form from the Baltic, notthe solid Tellina solidula Pultcney, which is l)etter known to collect-ors. The former is identical with our common American type.MACOMA CALCAREA (Gmelin) , 1792.Arctic and boreal seas generally, south to Boston Bay and LongIsland Sound, on the east coast of America.Tdllna lata Gmelin, 1792; Macmna tenera Leach, 1819; TellinasdbuloHa Spengler, 1798; Tellina jiroxima (Brown manuscript) Sow-erby, 1839; Tellina sordida Couthouy, 1838, and pro})ably Tellinahelchei'i Scwerby, 1868, are among the synon3"ms. The species pre-fers deep water, or, at least, is not littoral or estuarine.MACOMA INFLATA (Stimpson), 1893.Spitsbergen, Greenland, Gulf of St. Lawrence, and south to lati-tude 40?, in 57 to 206 fathoms.This species was named b}^ Stimpson in manuscript, and the namepublished by Dawson, but the first real definition of that name is })yVerrill and Bush.' Macoma 'laoesta Deshayes, 1854, is suspiciouslysimilar. MACOMA CERINA C. B. Adams, 1845.Southern Florida and the Antilles. The pallia! sinus is about iialfconfluent below. Tellina cerena Krebs, 1864, is identical.MACOMA LEPTONOIDEA Dall, 1895.Texas coast at Matagorda Bay (Lloyd), also California. The sinusis short, high, and half confluent.MACOMA MITCHELLI Dall, 1895.Texas coast and north to Charleston, South Carolina. Si mis whollyconfluent below; form approaching Afiguhcs.MACOMA PHENAX Dall, 1900.Jerome Creek, Chesapeake Ba}^, Virginia, and Tampa Bay, Florida.Closely resembles Tellina (Angidus) tenera Say externally.MACOMA TENTA Say, 1834.Cape Cod southward to Rio la Plata.In the warmei- waters from Florida southward this species takes ona yellowish flush of color, in which state it is the Tellina souleyetianetiProc. U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 778, pi. 77, fig. 1, and pi. 88, fig. 6, 1898. 300 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. voi..xxni.Rec'luz, 1852 {TeUhui lacnjiiKihiDKla Deshayes), but after long- study I .think the two aspects can not ))e specifically separated. The sinus isal)out half confluent Ijelow. It has been named Tellina rechiziana hyTryon in 1869, on account of the existence of TelliTm souleyetl Hanley,1811. I have no dou})t that the original Psammobia lusorla Say, 1822,was based on a large si>ecinien of this species, but it can not be recog-nized from Say's description and Conrad's figure.MACOMA (CYMATOICA) ORIENTALIS Dall, 1889.Florida Straits, south to Santo Domingo.This appears to be distinct from, though allied to, the West IndianMacoina ( Cymatoica) arcuata Sowerb}', 1867.Subgenus Psammacoma Dall.MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) TAGELIFORMIS Dall, 1900.Texas.Two closely allied species appear to have l)een generally confoundedunder the name of hrevifrons. That to which the name tagelifm'misis assigned here reaches a length of 15 mm., and has the pallial sinusgibbous, short, high, and only slightl}^ confluent below.MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) BREVIFRONS Say, 1834.New Jersey south to liio Janeiro.This diflfers from 2f. tagelifoi'inin in its pale orange flush over thecentral portion, in its usually nuich smaller size, and in its elongate-oval pallial sinus, extending nearl}" to the anterior adductor and largelyconfluent below. The Miocene Tellina mrginiana Conrad, 1866, isclosely allied. Sa3"'s figure does not agree with his diagnosis and, asit was published aft(n' his death, may represent another species.MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) LIMULA Dall, 1895.Cape Lookout, North Carolina, south to Barbados.Always identifiable by its finely granular surface. The sinus is longand partly confluent.Bertin cites a manuscript name, Tell'ma limvla of Valenciennes, inhis monograph of 1878, but as this referred to a true Tellina^ while thepresent species is a 3facoma, the name of the latter need not bechanged. MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) EXTENUATA Dall, 1900.Between the Mississippi delta and Cedar Keys, Florida, in 32fathoms, sand.Elongated and with a dull surface, the sinus long and partly con- NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID^E?BALL. 301fluent ])elow. If it were not for the hino-e this niio-ht he referred toL'lotdlbia.TellUna eupareia and Tellina atJwoa, of Ravenel arc list-names ofspecies found h}' him on Sullivans Island, Charleston Harbor, SouthCarolina, and printed without tioure or description in the catalogue ofhis collection, 1875. They have no standing and are unidentifiable,but have been cited in the literature. Another Ravenelian name,TcJlina omo'ia^ is cited by him as a synonym of Tut not of Gmelin,1792. TELLINA (MOERELLA) SALMONEA Carpenter, 1864.Aleutian Islands and southern part of Bering Sea, southward to theSanta Byir' ara Islands, California.Th's is a widely distributed species, variable in color, but very con- NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.E?BALL. 303 .stant ill form. Tellina crassula Deshaycs, 1854, if correctly describedand figured, ditt'crs by the absence of lateral teeth and .snialloi- pallialsinus. TELLINA (MOERELLA) MEROPSIS Dall, igoo.San Diego, California, to the Gulf of California.This is the Tellina gouldil of Carpenter, 1865, but not of Hanley,1846; it is the Pacific analogue of TelUna promera Dall, from which itdiffers by its more solid and, on the whole, smaller shell, with the sinusrising higher than the posterior adductor scar, just behind the latter,and reaching nearer to the anterior scar. There is a feeble posteriorright lateral in the present species which is wanting in Tellinapromera. TELLINA (MOERELLA) PAZIANA Dall, igoo.Lower California, and near La Paz. Like a miniature MacomaliotricJia Dall, with the Angulm hinge and a ver}' large, nearly free,pallial sinus.TELLINA (MOERELLA) AMIANTA Dall, igoo.Gulf of California.Slender, small, white, anteriorlj?^ much produced, and externallyfinely concentrically striated.TELLINA (ANGULUS) MACNEILII Dall, igoo.Gulf of California, Guaymas.The Pacific representative of the Atlantic Tellina syharitica Ijdll.TELLINA (ANGULUS) SUFFUSUS Dall, igoo.Lower California, San Ignacio, Guaymas. Analogous to the AtlanticTellina colorata Dall.TELLINA (ANGULUS) CARPENTERI Dall, igoo.Strait of Juan de Fuca to Lower California.The Pacific analogue of Tellina versicolor Cozzens, of the Atlanticfauna, or Tellina consohrina Orbigny.This is the Angulus variegatus Carpenter, 1864, not Tellina {Anguliis)variegata Gmelin, 1792.TELLINA (ANGULUS) CERROSIANA Dall, igoo.Cerros Island, Lower California and the Gulf of California, in 8 to26 fathoms.Small, white, sharply concentrically striate, with the fcodu of Tellinasyharitica Dall. 304 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.TELLINA (ANGULUS) RECURVA Ball, 1900.Gulf of California.White or pinki.sh, l)lunt and oval, with the shape of 2Iac(>iJiv Car-penter. The Tellina t olivaceous periost-racum, showingdarker concentric zones; moderately convex, elongated, the anteriorend longer, evenh' rounded, the shorter posterior end wedge-shaped,hardh' liexuous, with the umbonal ridge ol)scure; umbones white,small, little elevated; lunule and escutcheon linear or nearly so, liga-ment short, deeply inset; interior white with a slight yellowish flushanteriorly; hinge normal, the teeth all present but small; pallial siiuislow, reaching in front to the posterior vertical of the anterior adductorscar, confluent below. Lon., 27; alt., 13; diam., 5.5 mm.Typt.?^o. 108531, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U. S. Fish Com-mission ofl' the Rio La Plata, in 10^ fathoms sand, at station 2765.This species is not nearly related to any other American Tellma,and the surface shows only faint incremental lines a little stronger onthe rostrum.TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINA) AMERICANA new species.(Plate II, fig. 8.)Shell small, convex, having much the form of an Ervilia^ white orpale straw color, with a crimson spot or streak on the dorsal marginnear each end; sculpture of well-marked narrow, close, concentricripples over the whole surface, crossed near the posterior end b}^ fee-ble, close set, radial grooves; anterior end longer and slightl}" morepointed; beaks low, ligament short; hinge with the teeth well devel-oped, pallial sinus short, rounded, obliquely ascending and free fromthe pallial line below. Lon. 8.5, alt. 5.5, diam. 3.2 mm.7}/7>..?No. 92154. U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U. S. Fish Commis-sion in 52 fathoms sand, 31 miles SE. by S. from Cape Lookout,North Carolina, at station 2612; l)ottom temperature 67? F.This little shell is very interesting as being the first species of thesubgenus recognized in the recent state. Another of unknown habi-tat had been described bv Bertin, in 1878, but no one had recognizedits proper systematic Y)lace. A third species has been dredged by theU. S. Fish Commission on the Pacific coast, which is also described inthis paper. TELLINA (MERISCA) CRYSTALLINA Wood.(Plate II, fig. 10.)This species has not been reported before from the coast of theUnited States, so we have figured a valve collected some years ago by 312 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.Mr. W. G. Mazyck. of Charleston. South Carolina, on Sullivans Island.Charleston Harbor. The species occurs in the Antilles, where it hasreceived the name of TeJlina schrammi from Recluz, but a compari-son with specimens from the Gulf of California does not show an}'distinctive characters.TELLINA (ANGULUS) PROMERA new species.(Plate II, fig. 11.)Shell solid, white, rounded, triangular; the anterior end a littlelonger, rounded in front, the posterior shorter, slighth' Hexuous.bluntlv pointed; surface sculptured with rather distant, very thin,sharp, little elevated lamella?, the interspatial surface hnelv radially stri-ate, the umbonal ridge fairly well marked on the right valve, correspond-ing to a feeble radial sulcus on the left valve; beaks elevated, ratherpointed and polished; traces of a papery, straw-colored periostracumvisible near the margin; lunule and escutcheon hardly discernible;hinge normal, well developed; pallial sinus rising in a peak before theposterior adductor, then depressed, rounded in front, not reaching theanterior adductor scar, less than half confluent below, in the rightvalve, in the left valve similar ])ut larger. Lon. 18. alt. 11:..5. diam.7 mm.Ti/j)c.?^o. 91465, U.S.N.M.; collected at Bermuda by the lateDr. G. Brown Goode.The nearest ally of this species, and which has probably often beenconfounded with it, is the shell we have identified with the Tdlhiamera of Say, from which it difiers as we have stated in a previous notein this paper (p. 2!M)).TELLINA (ANGULUS) FLAGELLUM new species.(Plate 11, fig. 6.)Shell small, polished, white, yellowish or rosaceous, with a singledark red ray extending backward from the umbo parallel with theumbonal ridge; valves moderately convex, elongated, pointed, andslightly flexuous Ijehind, sculptured with fine regular concentricgrooves with slightly wider interspaces; hinge of Angidus^ the approx-imate lateral broad and strong; pallial sinus long, rounded behind, notreaching the anterior adductor scar, and wholly confluent below.Lon. 9, alt. 5, diam. 3 mm.Ty2)e.?Ko. 108.531. U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U. S. Fish Commis-sion, SE. of Cape San Koque, Brazil, in 20 fathoms; bottom tempera-ture 79? F. , at station 2758.A species, externalh' very similar. fro?i Port Jackson, Australia,was described l)y Sowerby in 1868, under the name of TeUino miifas-ciata, but he states that it has no lateral teeth. The present species is NO. 1210. ,S'YXOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.E?DALL. 313probablj- that alluded to hj Bertin in 1878, as received from Floridaby Petit, under the name of Tellma unifasciatn, and which he refersto xingidus.TELLINA (ANGULUS) COLORATA new species.(Plate II, ris;. 9.)Shell small, compressed, subtriangular, suffused with rose color orpale yellow, sometimes showing- minute, subtranslucent, subradialvermiculations, sculpture of faint incremental lines, the posterior endshorter, rather blunt, slightly flexuous; hinge with the lateral veryshort and close to the cardinals; pallial sinus su])triangular, the apexrising considerably above the level of the posterior adductor, the ante-rior end not reaching the anterior adductor scar, the lower portionwholly confluent; there is an obscure posterior ray. Lon. 13.5, alt.9.5, diam. -1 mm.Tij2)es.?No. 1:2865, U.S.N.M., from the island of Guadeloupe, WestIndies. TELLINA (ANGULUS) TEXANA new species. Shell small, thin, sharply flexed, varj^ing from ivory white, throughj^ellowish, to pale pinkish brown; subequivalve, inequilateral, theanterior end longer, moderately convex; epidermis verv thin, silky,with an iridescent play of colors upon it when fre.sh; beaks rather highand pointed, anterior dorsal margin subarcuate, declining into theevenly rounded anterior end; posterior end short, rapidly declining,subtruncate or obtusely pointed, markedly flexed to the right; surfacenear the beaks nearly smooth, toward the margin linel^y concentricallvgrooved, the grooves becoming more crowded, until in some casesthe interspaces resemble minute close-set threads; there are also flne,almost microscopic, radial stria? and the usual obtuse ridge at the pos-terior angle; hinge normal, adjacent lateral strong; pallial sinus long,not precisely similar in Ijoth valves, but reaching the anterior adductorscar in neither; the valves, if the epidermis is lost, do not appearpolished; lon. 14, alt. 8.2, diam. 4.6 mm.Ilahitat.?Various localities in Corpus Christi Ba3% Texas, Singlev,and Charlotte Harbor, Florida, in 3 or 4 feet of water, over a sandybottom. Dall.From T. {AncjiduH) tenella Verrill, which is perhaps its nearest ally,it differs in outline, has more arcuate dorsal margins, a straighter base,and more attenuated posterior end. That species is grooved over thewhole disk and has the grooving more sharp and regular.Type.?^o. 125539, U.S.N.M. 314 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.xxiii.MACOMA (MACOMA) PHENAX new species.Shell small, thin and fragile, polished, l)luish white, siibequilateral,very feebly ilexed Ijehind; beaks very low; dorsal margins decliningabout equally before and behind the umbo; anterior end evenlyrounded, posterior end obtuseh^ pointed, base nearlv straight; hingenormal, very delicate, the teeth minute; pallial sinus long and low,subequal in the two valves, not reaching the anterior adductor scar.Lon. 14, alt. 8, diam. 3.5 mm.Types from an artilicial pond screened from the sea so that onh^embr3"os could enter, occupied for researches on the development ofOstrea virginica by the late Prof. John A. Ryder, at Jerome Creek,Chesapeake Ba}', Virginia. The pond was made in February, 1884,and these shells were found in the mud cleaned out of it in May, 1885,so that they were, though fully adult, only 15 months old, or less.Young shells of the same species were collected hy Stearns at themouth of the Hillsl)oro River, Tampa Bay, Florida.These specimens externally bear such a close resemblance to a some-what stunted and obtuse TcUhui {Angulus) tenera Say, that, withoutspecial scrutiny, they were identified as that species, and so remainedmore than fourteen years in the collection. Desiring to examine thehinge of Telllna tenera one day, a specimen of this lot was selected,when, to my surprise I found the hinge to be that of JSLacoma. A care-ful examination of all the specimens labeled TeU'ina tenera was thenmade and another lot of half-grown shells from Florida were foundto be conspecilic. There is no sculpture except inconspicuous andsomewhat irregular lines of growth, and the exterior differs fromTrlh'na tenera chiefly in the more obtuse beaks and posterior end andless marked flexure of the valves.Type.?y.o. 61719, U.S.N.M.MACOMA (MACOMA) MITCHELLI Dall.(Plate II, figs. 4, 5.)Macom<( mitchelH Dall, Nautilus, IX, July, 1895, p. 33.An illustration is now provided of this hitherto unfigured species.MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) EXTENUATA new species.(Plate II, fig. 7.)Shell small, thin, white, with a yellowish flush on the disk near theumbones; elongated, the anterior end slightly longer, rounded, poste-rior end more attenuated, tiexuous. bluntly pointed; surface nearlysmooth, not polished, sculptured only with more or less obvious incre-mental lines; hinge delicate, interior whitish, the pallial sinus long,but not reaching the anterior adductor scar, largely confluent below.Lon. 14, alt. 6.75. diam. 2.5 mm. NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDyE?DALL. 315Type.?J^o. 94012, U.S.N.M.; dredged by the U. S. Fi,sh Commis-sion between the delta of the Mississippi and Cedar Keys, Florida, in32 fathoms, sand, at station 2387.Quite distinct from any species of our coasts so far known, butclosely resembling' the young of a larger yalye hereafter describedfrom Panama Bay.MACOMA (CYDIPPINA) LIMULA Dall.(Plate II, fig. 1.)Macoma I'mmla D.\ll, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mu8. No. 37, p. 60, 1889 (name only); Nau-tilus, IX, July, 1895, p. 32.This species, which has not ])een ligured, is now illustrated. It canalways be recognized by its curiously sagrinate surface.MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) TAGELIFORMIS new species.Shell thin, white, elongate, longer and rounded in front, shorter androunded-truncate behind, moderately conyex; surface sculptured onl}^with rather rude incremental lines and faint radial striations; yalyesunequal, the left yalye more conyex, ])ut the rosti'um is not percepti-bly tiexed; teeth small, hinge normal, pallial sinus gibbous, about halfconfluent below, not quite similar in both yalyes, extending in front ofthe middle of the shell. Lon. 15, alt. 26, diam. 11 mm.Ty2>e.?No. 0080, U.S.N.M., from Corpus Christi Bay, Texas. Thisspecies and Macoma hrevifrons will be fully illustrated in a Report onthe Mollusca of Porto Rico, now in preparation.PACIFIC COAST.TELLINA (MERISCA) RECLUSA new species.(Plate III, fig. 2.)Shell white, solid, moderately conyex, subtrigonal, strongly flexuous;anterior end slightly longer, rounded; posterior end keeled dorsalh',wedge-shaped, twisted to the right with a yery short terminal trunca-tion; beaks small, pointed; surface sculptured, with rather close-set,little eleyated, concentric sharp lamella?, with wider, faintly radialh'striate interspaces; escutcheon deep, narrow, long, bordered by aminutely serrate keel on each yalye, lunule small, inconspicuous;hinge strong; pallial sinus high behind, descending to the base of theadductor scar in front, wholly confluent below. Lon. 18, alt. 13,diam. 6 mm.Tyjyes.?No. 105513, U.S.N. M., from San Ignacio Lagoon, LowerCalifornia, Hemphill. Also oft' Lower California, in lat. 30"^ 28', bythe U. S. Fish Commission, at station 3019, in 11 fathoms. Gulf ofCalifornia.This species is nota))le for the rasp-like (quality of its surface to thetouch. 316 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vcl.xxiii.TELLINA (ELLIPTOTELLINAj PACIFICA new species.(Plate III, fig. 9.)Shell small, oval, yellowish white, or more or less painted with rose-color, especially" a spot near each end on the hinge margin; anteriorend longer, both ends rounded, and the valves rather convex; sculp-ture of tine concentric regular grooves with wider interspaces, crossedon the posterior end by deep angular radial grooves which serrate thethe valve margin and are separated by rib-like interspaces; thesegrooves become less pronounced anteriorly, some of them attaining theanterior third of the disk; interior polished, hinge well developed,pallial sinus longer and less oblique than in Tellina {EUiptotcUimt)americcma. Lon. 8, alt. 5, diam. 3 mm.Ty2)e.?^o. 96;>60, U.S.N.M.; dredged in Panama Bay, in 18 fath-oms, sand, at station 2798, b}' the U. S. Fish Commission.This species differs from the Atlantic species by its much strongerand more extended radial sculpture, and apparently also by its l>rightercolors and longer pallial sinus.TELLINA (PHYLLODINA) PRISTIPHORA new species.(Plate IV, fig. 14.)Shell compressed, small, the right valve flatter, nearly equilateral;the beaks compressed, acute, low, with the minute prodissoconch andthe nepionic shell polished and conspicuous; surface greenish white,chalky, sculptured with evenly spaced elevated concentric lamellfeover the posterior third of the shell, with much wider faintly striatedinterspaces; in the right valve over the anterior two-thirds of the diskthe lamelhe are obsolete except on the dorsal margin, over the umbonalfold they are con.spicuous, interrupted b}" the sulcus aboA'e it, andrise into small squarish foliations on the posterior dorsal margin; onthe anterior dorsal margin the prominences are more like serrations;on the left valve there are no lamellae on the disk, but the foliationspersist though less prominent; lunule and escutcheon developedbetween the foliated keels, but very narrow and rather shallow; overall the disk translucent subradial venulations are frequent; interiorwith the hinge strongly developed, the pallial sinus narrow-, obliquelyascending and entirely free from the pallial line below. Lon. 16.5,alt. 9.5, diam. 3 mm. Another specimen, the valve figured, reachesa length of 20 mm.Ty2)e.?No. 108575, U.S.N.M.; dredged near La Paz, Lower Cali-fornia, in 26i fathoms, by the U. S. Fish Commis.sion at Station 2823.This is an elegantlv sculptured shell, with rather remarkable char-acters, entireh" different from an}- other species on the coast nowknown. NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID.E?DALL. 317TELLINA (EURYTELLINA) LEUCOGONIA new species.(Plate IV, fig. 5.)Shell brilHantl}' polished, rosy in darker or lighter concentric zones,suffused with light 3'ellowish brown, the dorsal margin and umboneswhite; valves subequilateral, compressed, the anterior end slightlylonger; surface smooth near the beaks, but in the adult nearer themargin, especially in front, with a series of fine, concentric, ratherdistant, evenly spaced grooves, which near the basal middle of thedisk are slightly out of harmony with the incremental lines; and onthe posterior half of the shell are obsolete; a faint ridge extends fromthe umbo to the posterior angle of the valves; the space between thisridge is sculptured with concentric stri?, the surface slightly rippledat equal distances, the ripples stronger on the right valve; hinge nor-mal; pallial sinus large, touching the anterior adductor scar andwholly confluent below, the elevated internal ray strong. Lon. 2-i,alt. 19, diam. 6 mm.7]//>e.?No. 102182, U.S.N.M., from the Gulf of California, Stearnscollection.This handsome shell, under a magnifier in a good light, showsextremeh^ fine radial strite somewhat irregularly distributed,TELLINA (MOERELLA) MEROPSIS new species.(Plate III, fig. 1.)Shell small, white, solid, subequilateral, rather swollen, slightlyflexed behind, with a rather bluntly pointed posterior end; surfacefinel}' concentricall}^ closely striate, with obscure radial striulationsand a papery periostracum, which sometimes has an iridescent effectand is often dehiscent; beaks low and pointed; interior white, some-times with a pale yellow suffusion; hinge normal, the left anteriorlateral small but distinct; pallial sinus large, separated from the ante-rior adductor scar only b}" the feeble slightly elevated va.y. Lon. 15,alt. 11.5, diam. i]A mm.Types.?^o. 123110, U.S.N.M., San Diego, California: MissShepard.This quite abundant little shell was confounded with TeUina gouldilHanley, a West Indian species, bv Carpenter, and has been called bythat name b}^ most Californian collectors.It recalls the Tellina mera 2in(\. 2>romera rather than the genuine Tel-lina (joiddi)., which is compressed and polished.TELLINA (MOERELLA) AMIANTA new species.(Plate III, fig. 12.)Shell elongated, rather solid, white, the anterior end produced,rounded, the posterior shorter, obliquely truncate, rather pointed; 318 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.beaks low, surface sculptured with close concentric ridges, thread-likein front and over most of the disk, but behind and on the posteriordorsal area becoming sharper and more lamellose; hinge normal, theanterior right lateral conspicuous!}' large, a faint trace of a posteriorlateral in the same valve; pallial sinus nearly touching the anterioradductor scar and wholl}^ confluent below; there is no trace of an ele-vated internal ray. Lon. 12.5, alt. 6.2, diam. 3.5 mm.Type.?^o. 108560, U.S.N.M. ; dredged in 11 fathoms, sand, off CapeTepoca, Lower California, near the head of the Gulf, b}^ the U. S.Fish Commission at station 3019.TELLINA (MOERELLA) PA.ZIANA new species.(Plate III, fig. 8.)Shell small, thin, white, convex, the anterior end slightly longer,rounded, the posterior end bluntly pointed; surface finely concentric-ally sculptured b}' the incremental lines, covered with a very delicatedehiscent pale straw-colored epidermis; hinge well developed, a minutebut distinct anterior left lateral present; interior polished, only abouthalf the lower portion of the pallial sinus confluent, the anterior partnot reaching the adductor. Lon. 10.2, alt. 7, diam. 3.5 mm.Ty^^e.?No. 108580, U.S.N.M. ; dredged in 26i fathoms, near La Paz,Lower California, b}- the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 2823.This differs from the young of Scroh'culma mridotincta Carpenter,which in outline it resembles, by being less polished, more inflated, andwithout the deep-set resilium.TELLINA (ANGULUS) MACNEILII new species.(Plate III, fig. 7.)Shell small, solid, inequilateral, the anterior end longer, rounded,the posterior end quite short, depressed, bluntly pointed; color deeprosy, slightly zoned, and paler toward the basal margin; surfacecloseh", sharply concentricall}^ striated, the posterior dorsal areafeebly imbricate, with a little obscure radial striulation; valves moder-ately full, flatfish toward the middle of the disk; hinge strong, normal;internal ray obscure; pallial sinus long, nearly reaching the anterioradductor scar, wholly confluent below. Lon. 12.5, alt. 7.6, diam.3.5 mm.Types.?No. 120660, U.S.N.M., obtained at Guavmas, Mexico, bvW. H. Dall.The species is named in honor of a good collector, to whose effortswe are indebted for a number of additions to the mollusk fauna ofCentral America and ^Yest Mexico. NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID^:?BALL. 319TELLINA (ANGULUS) SUFFUSA new species.(Plate III, fig. 10.)Shell cuneate, very thin, convex, blunt in front, pointed behind,the posterior end slighth' longer, pinkish, yellowish, or translucentwhite in color; surface rather strongly, closely, and irregularl}' con-centrically striate, with an unusually large and wide lunular impres-sion, but no escutcheon to speak of; hinge normal, delicate; interiorpolished; the pallial sinus high, well separated from the anterioradductor, though there seems to be no trace of a ra}- in the specimensexamined. Lon. 13.5, alt. 9.2, diam. 1.7 mm.TyjJe.?No. 105512, U.S.N.M., collected at San Ignacio Lagoon,Lower California, b}' Henry Hemphill.This little species is quite characteristic; the unusually large lunuleand shorter anterior end are especially notal^le.TELLINA (ANGULUS) CERROSIANA new species.(Plate III, fig. 11.)Shell minute, compressed, greenish white, the anterior end longer,the surface sharply concentrically sculptured with low, thread-likelamella? less close over the posterior dorsal area; left valve with arather marked sulcus extending from the beak to the posterior angle;hinge normal, strong for the size of the shell; pallial sinus elongated,conHuent below, nearly reaching the adductor. Lon. 5.2, alt. 3.2.diam. 1.5 mm.Types.?No. 151957, U.S.N.M., dredged off Cerros Island, LowerCalifornia, in 9-10 fathoms, l)y the U. S. Fish Commission.These little shells may not be adult, but if so thej' nevertheless donot agree with the young of any of the other species from this vicinityso far obtainedTELLINA (ANGULUS) PANAMENSIS new species.(Plate III, fig. 3.)Shell small, thin, ivory-white, polished, rather compressed, flexuousbehind, the anterior end much the longer, produced and rounded, pos-terior end with the ligament rather deeply inset, margin oblicj[uelydescending to a rather blunt point; surface smooth or marked onh^ h\incremental lines, except near the basal margin, where there are a fewincised lines with wider interspaces, not quite in harmon}' with thelines of growth; posterior dorsal area minutely concentrically rippled;hinge normal, delicate; pallial sinus large,, not reaching the adductor,mostly confluent below; the elevated ra}^ absent or obsolete. Lon. 9,alt. 5.25, diam. 2.5 mm. 320 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MVSEVM. vol.xxiii.TypeH.?No. 108557, U.S.N.M,, dredged in 30 fathoms in PanamaBay by the U. S. Fish Commission, at station 2790.A simple little species, but one which can hardly be united with anyother known from the vicinity. Fresh specimens exhibit on thesurface a lovely iridescent glow.TELLINA (ANGULUS) RECURVA new species.(Plate III, fig. 4.)Shell translucent white, brillianth' polished, rather compressed,with very low beaks, the anterior side longer, produced and evenlyrounded, the posterior side with the site of the ligament excavated,the posterior end rounded and slightly recurved; surface with faint,concentric, chiefly incremental sculpture, anterior end with a markedgape; hinge feeble, lateral tooth very small; pallial sinus short, sub-triangular, confluent below. Lon. 12, alt. 7.5, diam. 2.75 mm.Types.?No. 108559, U. S. N. M., dredged near the head of the Gulfof California in 2-1 fathoms mud, ofl' Point San Fermin, by the U. S.Fish Commission, at station 3034.The peculiar form of this shell distinguishes it from any other onthe coast. It is most like a 3'oung Macoma yoldlfo7")nis^ but moreblunt behind, and with a difl'erent hinge. The delicate anterior rightlateral is frequently broken ofl' in separated valves.TELLINA (ANGULUS) CARPENTERI, new name.Angulus mriegatus Carpextee, Ann. Mag. Xat. Hist., 3d Ser., XIY, Dec. 1864, p. 5; notTelUna variegata Gmelin, Syst. Naturte, 1792, p. 3237.Gmelin's species is also an Angulus^ and therefore the Californianform requires a new name. The elevated internal ray is absent orobsolete. TELLINA (OUDARDIA) BUTTONI new name.(PlatelV, figs. 12, 13.)Angulus modestus ? var. ohtusus Carpenter, Suj^pl. Report Brit. Assoc, for 1863, p. 639,1864; Smithsonian Miscell. Coll. No. 252, 1872, p. 125; Proc. Acad. Nut. Sci. Phila.,1865, p. 56, not TelUna ohtusa J. Sowerby, Min. Conch., II. pi. 179, 1818, nor T.ohtusa G. B. Sowerby, Conch. Iconica, 1868.Angulus modestus of the majority of Californian collectors.Shell elongated, subequilateral, compressed, polished, white, roundedbefore, slighth' shorter and pointed behind, with a slight flexuosity;surface flnely concentrically grooved, with wider interspaces, thesculpture stronger on the right valve and anteriorly; beaks low, in-conspicuous; interior polished, white, with a well-marked thickenedray behind the anterior adductor scar; pallial sinus reaching the ray,confluent below. Lon. 16, alt. 9.5, diam. 3.5 mm.Tyjjes.?No. 12865a, U.S.N.M., from the island of Guadalupe, offLower California. NO. 1210. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINID^E?BALL. 821This specie.s is much more acute behind than Tellina {Oudardla) com-pre^ssa Brocchi, of the Mediterranean, and has not the oblique sculp-ture on the disk of that species.The species named Angulus laodestuii l)y C^arpenter, as representedl)y the type specimen from Pug'et Sound, is quite distinct from theform subsequently named by him variet}^ ohtusus^ from southern Cali-fornia. The name ohfii.st(x ])eing preoccupied for a species of TiUina^I propose the above specific name in honor of Mr, Fred. L. Button, ofOakland, California, an enthusiastic student of Caiifornian shells. Itbelongs to the section Oudardia of Monterosato, characterized byhaving- the elevated ray sharpl}' defined, but is almost exactly inter-mediate between the more common forms of Angrdux like A. tenerSay and the typical species of Oudardia^ which approaches Scissulaby its oblique external grooving.TELLINA (PERONIDIA) SANTAROSiE new species.(Plate III, fig. 6; plate IV, figs. 1, 2.)Shell Avhite, frequently with pale brownish concentric zonulation,and subtranslucent radial venulations; valves rather thin, compressed,hardly flexuous behind, beaks low, and nearly central; surface pol-ished, concentrically evenly grooved with wider flat interspacesespeciall}" on the anterior half of the disk; on the posterior fourth ofthe right valve the interspaces are narrowed and elevated showing atendency to become lamellose; if an imaginary line be drawn fromthe beak to the basal margin, in front of that line in the adult theconcentric sculpture seems to fail suddenly, leaving an obscurely tri-angular area almost without sculpture; on the left valve the sculptureis not interrupted but appears feebler over the whole disk than in theright valve; hinge with the laterals obsolete, posterior radial callusnot difi^erentiated into a ray, pallial sinus low, short, mosth^ coalescentbelow. Lon. 51.5, alt. 21.5, diam. 6 mm. The dimensions of asimilar valve of TdJina hodegensis Hinds are: Lon. 52, alt. 21, diam.9.5 mm.; the beaks in the former arc 20 mm. in front of the posteriorend of the shell, while in the latter the distance is 23 mm.Ti/j)e.?^o. 60212, U.S.N.M., collected at Santa Rosa Island, of theSanta Bar])ara group, California, l)y Stephen Bowers.This shell is perhaps a southern race of Telllna hodegensis^ or mayprove to be a distinct species with more material. It is confined tothe region about the islands and San Pedro; the northernmost specimenis from Santa Barbara, on the mainland. But we have typical speci-mens of Telllna hodegensis from as far south as San Diego. Telllnasantaros(e seems to differ by its thinner, flatter, and more compressedshell, by details of sculpture, the form of the pallial sinus, and bybeing more equilateral.Proc. N. M. vol. xxiii 21 322 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.xxiii.TELLINA (PERONIDIA) LUTEA Gray.(Plate IV, figs. 15, 16. ) Tellina lutea Gray, in Wood's Index Testaceologicns, Supplement, pi. 1, fig. 3c,1828; not of Krause.Tellina gmldfordi.i' Gray, in Griffith's Cuvier, XII, pi. 19, fig. 2, 1834.Tellina alicrnidentaia Broderip and Sowerby, Zool. Journ., IV, p. 363; Sowerby,Zoology of the voyage of the Blossom, Capt. Beechey, 1839, p. 153, pi. 44, fig. 5.f Tellina venulosa Schrenck, Bull, de I'Acad. Imp. des Sci., 1861, p. 411; Anmrl.Moll., 1867, p. 556, pi. xxii, figs. 2-5.It seemed desirable that a good figure of this line shell should beavailable, so one has been included. The specimen figured is No.122562, U.S.N.M., collected at Bering Island by Governor Grebnitzki.MACOMA KRAUSEI new species.(Plate IV, fig. 8.) Tellina lutea A. Krause, Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, 1885, p. 37; not of Gray.Specimens obtained by Dr. Krause in the vicinity of Bering Strait,and donated by him to the U. S. National Museum, were supposed to beyoung specimens of Tellina lutea Gray. They prove, however, oncareful examination, to belong to an undescribed species of Macoimi.,which is represented in the U. S. National Museum from many locali-ties in Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean, including specimens fromboth Greenland and Spitsbergen as well as the Alaskan waters.Shell of a nearly egg-oval outline, with Aery low beaks, situated atthe posterior third; valves not flattened Init only slightly convex,marked with faint incremental sculpture and covered with an olivegreen, usually polished periostracum; there is hardl}^ any posteriorflexure and no rostration; hinge normal, very delicate; pallial sinussmall rather low and reaching only about three-flfths of the distancefrom the posterior end of the shell forward: mostly confluent below.Lon. 23.5, alt. 14.5, diam. 5.7 mm.7}//;6s-.?No. 108606, U.S.N. M., collected in the Arctic Ocean northof Bering Strait liy Capt. E. E. Smith, ofl' Icy Cape in 7 to 15 fathoms.The species has much the general appearance of Yoldia iiiyalis^though nearly of the color of Yoldia Ihnaiula. It difl'ers from MaeomacaTlottensh Whiteaves in not being flattened, in its rounded posteriorend, and different color. When once recognized it is easily pickedout from the related species. The Greenland and Spitsbergen speci-mens were referred to Maeoma iiiflata by Jefl'reys, but that .species isproportionately much more inflated, more arcuate and flexuous, andnever reaches so large a size. It is named in honor of Dr. ArthurKrause, who worked up the mollusks of his expedition to Alaska. NO. mo. SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLINIDJE?BALL. 323MACOMA SITKANA new species.(PlatelV, fi?rH.(}, 7.)Shell thin, calcjircous, elongato, nearly ecjuilateral, white, with adull papvraceou.s, grayish-olive perio.stracuni; surface marked only bylines of growth, which are stronger posteriorly; anterior end largerand pretty evenly rounded, posterior end attenuated, rather squarelytruncate, flexuous, and moderately gaping; hinge delicate, normal;pallial sinus di.screpant in the two valves, in the right valve shorterand higher and about half confluent below, in the left longer, nearlyreaching the adductor scars and almost entirely confluent with the pal-lial line below. Lon. 41, alt, 26, diam. 10 mm.%?6.?No. 108656, U.S.N.M., dredged at Sitka Harbor, Alaska, in15 fathoms, ])y W. H. Dall.This species is nearest Macoriia calcarea Gmelin, which is less slender,larger, heavier, and more inequilateral, the outline of the pallial sinusin the left valve is more gibbous and less confluent below, and thebeaks much more conspicuous.MACOMA LEPTONOIDEA Dall.(Plate IV, tigs. 4,9.)Macoma leptonoidea Dall, Nautilus, IX, July, 1895, |). o.'j.Type specimen.?No. 125532, U.S.N.M., from Matagorda Bay,Texas; Lloyd. Figured specimen No. 108579, U.S.N.M., dredgedin 382 fathoms green mud, Santa Barbara Channel, California, by theU. S. Fish Commission, at station 2903; and also found at station2904, near by, in 314 fathoms, the bottom temperature being 44^ F.The occurrence of this species in two such different localities is diffi-cult to explain; the facts, however, seem be3^ond question, and thespecimens show no differences whatever. Several years intervened))etween the receipt of the Texas specimen and that of the bottle ofdredgings from California, so that there seems no opportunity for aconfusion of labels. As the species has not hitherto been figured, illus-trations of it are now furnished.MACOMA ALASKANA new species.(Plate III, fig. 5.)Shell small, very inequilateral, moderately inflated, white, with apolished pale-greenish periostracum; })eaks low ))ut acute, two-fifthsof the whole length of the shell from the posterior end; anterior endproduced, evenly rounded, posterior end descending rapidly to a rather 324 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MVSEUM. vol.xxiii.blunt point; surface sculptured only with faint incremental lines;hin^e normal, strong for the size of the shell; pallial sinus discrepant,in the right valve small, gibbous, short, about two-thirds confluentbelow; in the left valve large, reaching nearly to the anterior adductorscar, and three-fourths confluent below. Lon. 14, alt. i>, diam. 4 mm.Ty2}e?.~^o. 108652, LT.S.N.M., dredged at Lituya Bay, Alaska,in 8 fathoms, sand, by W. H. Dall, at station 1126. The species wasalso obtained in 12 fathoms, mud, in Sitka Harbor, at station 1109.This little shell looks externall}' like an Aiujidiis^ but internally hasthe characters of 2[acoina. It is not closel}" related to an}- of the otherMacomas of the coast.MACOMA (INDENTATA Carpenter, var.?) TENUIROSTRIS Dall.Macoma indentata Carpenter, Proc. Cala. Acad. Nat. 8ci., Ill, 1866, p. 119 {ex jxtrte).The species cited was founded upon two lots of specimens, both fromSan Pedro, California, one young (Palmer) and fresh, the other (Cooper)dead, more or less worn valves. Dr. Carpenter remarks that it ""dif-fers from 2L Kriihonella Lamarck in its -sYV^'ri'-like post-ligamental wing.This being rubbed ofl' in the large dead valves, the shell [in them] hasthe aspect of a very distinct species." An examination of the mate-rial in the collection of the U. S. National Museum shows that thedifference above alluded to b}" Dr. Carpenter does not rest alone on theabsence of the post-ligamental wing. The typical indentata is ashortei", smaller, flatter, and much less rostrate shell, ])esides beingmore inequiA^alve. For the rostrate form, pending the acquisition ofmore and fresh material, I would propose the varietal name of tenui-7'ostrls. It measures: lon. 55, alt. 33, and diam. 16 mm. The nearestspecimen of the typical form measures respectivel}- -ll, 31, and 12 mm.The beaks are 25 mm. behind the anterior end and in tenuirostris 33mm. behind it. The left valve is notalily flatter than the other in thetype, while in the only pair we have of the variet}' the valves, thoughflexuous, hardly differ in degree of convexity".MACOMA (PSAMMACOMA) PANAMENSIS new species?(Plate IV, fig. 3.)Shel! elongated, slender, thin, inequilateral, moderately convex,whitish; surface finely concentrically striated with (especially towardthe basal margin) numerous obscure radial striulations; beaks ratherlow, anterior end longer, evenly rounded, posterior end produced,attenuated, andsubrostrate; periostracum delicate, j^ellowish, dehiscent;hinge normal; pallial sinus long, but rather distant (in the left valve)from the adductor scar, about half confluent below, the interior of the I Nj.i-io. SYXOPSTS OF NORTH AMERICAN TELLIXID.E?DALL. 825 valve near the mavo-lns with obscure striations. Lon. 32, alt. 14^diam. H.5 nnn.Ti/jjc?No. 90252, U.S.N.M., dredg-ed in 'd'd fathoms, sand, inPanama Bay, at station 2795, by the U. S. Fish Commission.Only a left valve of this species was obtained, which bears a notableres(Mnhlance to Mdcoina e-xtenuata Dall, from the Gulf of jVIexico. Inthat species, besides the difference of size the pallial sinus seems toapproach proportionally nearer the adductor and to be more exten-sively confluent below. More material is necessary to determine therelations of the Atlantic and Pacific shells.Suppleiiicntari/ note.?The details of many matters which are brieflysunmiarized in this paper may be found in full in Trans. WagnerInstitute of Science, Volume III, No. 5.EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.Plate ILFin. 1. Macoma limula Dall, North Carolina; lon. 13 mm.; see p. 315.2. Tcllina iheringi Dall, La Plata; lon. 27.5 mm.; see p. 311.3. Tellina georgiana Dall, Georgia; lon. 32 mm. ; see p. 310.4. Macoma mitcheUi Dall, Texas; lon. 15 mm. ; see p. 314.5. The same Dall; dorsal view.6. Tellina {Angidus) fagrlhim DaW, West Indies; lon. 9.5 mm.; seep. 312.7. Macoma (Psammacoma) ea-tenuata Dall, Gulf of Mexico; lon. 14.5 mm.; seep. 314.8. Tcllina {Elliptotellina) americana Dall, North Carolina; lon. 6.5 mm. ; see p. 311.9. Tellina {Angulus) colorata Dall, "West Indies; lon. 13.5 mm.; see p. 313.10. Tellina {Merif. 323.7. The same, external view.8. Mncoma krausei Dall, Icy Cape, Arctic Ocean; Ion. 23 mm. ; see p. 322.9. Mncoma leptonoidea Dall, dorsal view; Ion. 21 mm.; see p. 323.10. Telliim iche Dall, young shell, Catalina Island, California; Ion. 20 mm.; seep. 301.11. The same, interior view.12. Tellinn ( Ondnrdiu) htdlonl Dall, interior, showing rib; California; Ion. 16 mm. ; see p. 320.13. The same, external view.14. Tellina [Phyllodina) prisliphorn Dall, Lower California; Ion. 20 ram. ; see p. 316.15. Tellina {Peronidia) lulen Gray, Bering Sea; ion. 60 mm.; see p. 322.16. The same, view of the interior of the left valve. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII PL. II North American Tellinid/e.For explanation of plate see page 325. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII PL. Ill ? w ? I )ii&^10 12^ m.,^^ North American Tellinid/e.For explanation of plate see page 325. U. ?. NATIONAL MUSeUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXIII PL. IV North American Tellinid/eFor explanation of plate see pages 325, 326.