J.F. GATES CLAR Neotropical
Microlepidoptera XIX:
Notes on and
; New Species of
Oecophoridae
Lepidoptera)
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY NUMBER 95
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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO
ZOOLOGY
NUMBER 95
J. F. Gates Clarke N e o t r o p i c a l
Microlepidoptera XIX:
Notes on and
New Species of
Oecophoridae
(Lepidoptera)
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS
CITY OF WASHINGTON
ABSTRACT
Clarke, J. F. Gates. Neotropical Microlepidoptera XIX: Notes on and New Species
of Oecophoridae (Lepidoptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 95,
39 pages, 1971.?Costoma Busck ( = Phalarotarsa Meyrick) (new synonymy) ; Goni-
onota aethoptera, aethographa, cologramma, oxybela, charagma, hypoleuca, argo-
pleura, amauroptera, gaiophanes, hemiglypta, eremia, insignata, menura, paravexil-
lata, transversa, sphenogramma, selene, poecilia, phthiochroma and Hypercallia
heterochroma are described. Gonionota autocrena (Meyrick), Gonionota rosacea
(Forbes), new combination; G. dryodesma (-H. dryocrypta), H. miltopa Meyrick
{=Cryptolechia tunicata Busck), Phytomimia chlorophylla Walsingham (=Phyto-
mimia silvicolor Meyrick, (new synonymy); Coptotelia bipunctalis (Warren), new
combination, ( = Coptotelia byrsocyma (Meyrick)) (new synonymy).
Official publication date is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded
in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
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For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
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J. F. Gates Clarke Neotropical
Microlepidoptera XIX:
Notes on and
New Species of
Oecophoridae
(Lepidoptera)
Introduction
The purpose of this paper, the nineteenth in this
series, is to clarify points of synonymy, both generic
and specific, to illustrate previously unfigured species,
and to describe an accumulation of new taxa so that
their presence in the Neotropical fauna may be made
known.
The drawings for this paper were made by Mr.
Andre del Campo Pizzini, staff artist. The photo-
graphs were made by Mr. Victor Krantz, Smithso-
nian Photographic Laboratory.
Genus Costoma Busck
Costoma Busck, 1914:23 (Type species: Costoma ba-
sirosella Busck 1914:24 [by monotypy and original
designation]).
Phalarotarsa Meyrick, 1924:101 (Type species: Phalaro-
tarsa cirrophaea Meyrick 1924:102 [by monotypy]) (New
synonymy).
I have compared the types of both genera, and al-
though basirosella and cirrophaea are specifically dis-
tinct, there is no question about their generic identity.
/ . F. Gates Clarke, Department of Entomology, National
Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D.C. 20560.
Costoma basirosella Busck
FIGURE 1
Costoma basirosella Busck, 1914:24.?Meyrick 1922:185.
TYPE.?United States National Museum.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Panama, Trinidad River.
DISTRIBUTION.?Panama."
The genitalia of basirosella are figured here, for
the first time, so that those of the male can be com-
pared with those of cirrophaea (see Clarke, 1963:
373, pi. 183: figs. l-ld).
Costoma cirrophaea (Meyrick), new combination
FIGURE 2
Phalarotarsa cirrophaea Meyrick, 1924:102.?Clarke 1963:
373, pi. 183: figs. l - ld.
I have already figured this species (1963) where the
characters of the male are clearly illustrated. The
female genitalia are figured here from a specimen
from Bolivia, Prov. del Sara, Dep. Sta. Cruz, 450 m,
slide JFGC 12043, and can be compared with those of
basirosella.
TYPE.?British Museum (Natural History).
TYPE LOCALITY.?Bolivia, Prov. del Sara, Dep. Sta.
Cruz.
DISTRIBUTION.?Bolivia.
1
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Genus Gonionota Zeller
Gonionota aethoptera, new species
FIGURE 3; PLATE la
Alar expanse 24-25 mm.
Labial palpus light cinnamon brown; second seg-
ment with gray apical annulus; third segment suf-
fused gray, apex buff. Antenna light cinnamon brown
with faint grayish annulations; scape buff ventrally.
Head light cinnamon brown mixed with gray in
lateral scale tufts. Thorax light cinnamon brown,
scales of crest tipped with dark brown. Forewing
ground color light cinnamon brown; scattered gray
scales along fold to tornus and irregularly in apical
half; termen narrowly blackish from vein 4 to tornus;
at apical third of costa a small white spot; at basal
third, in cell, two black spots; at end of cell a con-
FIGURE 1.?Costoma basirosella Busck, a, ventral view of
male genitalia with left harpe removed and aedeagus in
situ; b, ventral view of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95
spicuous white spot; dorsum with conspicuous dark
brown streak; cilia light cinnamon brown. Hindwing
light ocherous tawny overlaid with gray scales; cilia
pale grayish. Foreleg ocherous white; femur, tibia,
and first tarsal segment overlaid light cinnamon
tawny; midleg ocherous white with dark gray shade
on tibia; tarsal segments yellowish; hindleg ocherous
white with grayish suffusion and spots on tibia; tarsal
segments yellowish. Abdomen ocherous white, suf-
fused grayish dorsally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12113. Harpe broadest
basally, gently narrowed toward the rounded cucul-
lus; sacculus broadly sclerotized to slightly beyond
middle and terminating in a large setose protuber-
ance. Gnathos a narrow, transverse, oval spined knob.
Uncus very narrow basally terminating in widely di-
vergent arms. Vinculum a narrow band. Tegumen
rather broad, convex laterally, shorter than harpe.
Anellus a very strongly sclerotized, subrectangular
plate with a narrow dentate projection posteriorly at
each corner. Aedeagus very stout, curved, distally
shovel shaped; vesica armed with two sclerotized
plates each bearing a cluster of stout cornuti.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12060. Ostium V-
shaped, laterally strongly sclerotized. Antrum a very
narrow sclerotized ring. Inception of ductus semi-
nalis at dorsoanterior edge of antrum. Ductus bursae
membranous with very finely granular surface, the
granular surface continuing as a narrow band to
anterior third of the membranous bursa copulatrix.
Signum an elongate, sclerotized, dentate plate. La-
mella antevaginalis narrow, sclerotized. Lamella post-
vaginalis membranous with granular surface.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71083.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
Described from the $ holotype, one c? and 3 $ ?
paratypes all from the same locality as holotype and
with following dates, etc., o* (16-23. X. 66); ?
(24-31. X. 66), $ (1-5. XI. 66) all collected by
S. S. and W. D. Duckworth; $ (19. VI. 67), ?
(22-31. VII. 67), both collected by R. W. Poole.
Under cologramma I have pointed out that
aethoptera and several other species are related to it,
but aethoptera is a considerably larger moth than
cologramma, is generally darker in color, with a much
darker hindwing.
FIGURE 2.?Costoma cirrophaea (Meyrick). Ventral view
of female genitalia.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Gonionota aethographa, new species
FIGURE 4; PLATE \b
Alar expanse 18 mm.
Antenna hazel, dorsally overlaid red. Head cinna-
mon buff, suffused dark gray on crown and with
roseate tinge. Thorax cinnamon buff with roseate
tinge; posterior tuft suffused dark gray. Forewing
ground color sayal brown; basal half of wing, marked
by an oblique line from costal two fifths to tornus,
cinnamon buff, shading to pinkish buff before dor-
sum; dorsum marked by a dark brown streak, broad-
est at middle, extending from basal fourth to tornus;
costa narrowly roseate and with slender pink streak at
apical third; in cell, at basal third, two small fuscous
spots and a similar single one at end of cell; on ter-
FIGURE 3.?Gonionota aethoptera, new species, a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
: ? 1 .
3c
NUMBER 95
FIGURE 4.?Gonionota aethographa, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left
harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus.
men, between veins, five ill-defined, fuscous dashes;
cilia sayal brown. Hindwing sayal brown; cilia
slightly paler. Foreleg shining white, outer side of
femur overlaid brown; tibia brown on outer side
mixed carmine; first tarsal segment carmine on outer
side, remainder cinnamon buff; midleg white; tibia
suffused cinnamon and with black spot on outer side;
hindleg creamy white. Abdomen clay color, shading
to brown dorsoposteriorly; ventrally buff with sparse
clay-color irroration.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12112. Harpe broadest
at base, gently tapered toward cucullus; from base of
costa to near middle of harpe, a strong sclerotized
bar; sacculus rather narrowly sclerotized, terminating
in a small setose protuberance at outer end of sclero-
tized base. Gnathos a broad, transverse, finely spinose
knob. Uncus (missing). Vinculum a narrow band
with median anterior convexity. Tegumen slightly
longer than aedeagus. Anellus rectangular, slightly
broadened proximally, and with deep concavity dis-
tally. Aedeagus stout, curved, pointed; vesica armed
with two clusters of comuti, each arising from a
small sclerotized plate, and four long, straight
cornuti.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71084.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Costa Rica, Las Cruces, nr. San
Vito.
DISTRIBUTION.?Costa Rica.
Described from the unique cf holotype (19-20.
III . 65, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth).
Nearest aethoptera, this species belongs in the hy-
drogramma-cologramma group. It differs from
aethoptera in the absence of the conspicuous white
spot at end of cell and by the presence of the four
strong cornuti in addition to the two clusters.
Gonionota cologramma, new species
FIGURE 5; PLATE \C
Alar expanse 20 mm.
Labial palpus tawny; second segment with a faint
rosy hue and with a few blackish scales apically;
third segment with blackish scales toward apex; apex
ocherous white. Antenna reddish basally, shading to
light brown toward apex and faintly annulated gray;
scape reddish dorsally, ocherous white ventrally.
Head mixed gray, tawny, and reddish. Thorax tawny
with gray dorsal spot posteriorly; tegula tipped ocher-
ous white. Fore wing ground color tawny, outer half
crossed by numerous, irregular, fine pale lines; costa
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
narrowly gray mixed with some pink scales; at apical
fifth of costa a gray spot; at basal third, in cell, two
blackish discal spots, one larger than the other; at
end of cell a white spot; around termen a series of
short blackish dashes; on fold, about middle a dark
brown spot; dorsum with a conspicuous brown stripe;
costal area, and from fold to the brown dorsal streak,
suffused rosy-pink; cilia tawny. Hindwing buff, some-
what darker toward anal angle. Foreleg ocherous
with scattered tawny and pink scales; midleg similar;
hindleg ocherous white. Abdomen ocherous white,
suffused tawny dorsally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12058. Harpe of about
equal width to beyond middle, then gently narrowed
to a truncate cucullus; sacculus broadly sclerotized,
recurved beyond middle. Gnathos a long, narrow,
transverse roll. Uncus broad basally, constricted at
middle, terminating in two divergent arms. Socii two
setose papillae. Vinculum a narrow band. Tegumen
about as broad as long, constricted at middle. Anel-
lus a subrectangular plate with a slender pointed
process posteriorly at each corner. Aedeagus stout,
curved, apex linguiform; vesica armed with a cluster
of short, stout cornuti.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71085.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
Described from the unique c? holotype (10-21. II.
69, W. D. Duckworth and R. Dietz).
Superficially cologramma is much like G. hydro-
gramma (Meyrick), exhibiting the same type of pale
transverse strigulae found in that species, but the pale
hindwing of cologramma immediately distinguishes
it from the latter. In male genitalia the two are
strikingly similar, the chief difference being the
length of the basal bar of the clasper which extends
beyond middle of harpe in hydrogramma and termi-
nates at or before middle of harpe in cologramma.
The cornuti are more numerous in cologramma than
in hydrogramma but must be compared (see Figure
5 and Clarke 1963: pi. 114: fig. 4a).
FIGURE 5.?Gonionota cologramma, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left
harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus.
NUMBER 95
G. hydro gramma, anisodes, cologramma, aetho-
grapha and aethoptera constitute a group of similarly
colored species all having in common a dark dorsal
stripe on the forewing.
Gonionota autocrena (Meyrick), new combination
FIGURE 6; PLATE \d
Hypercallia autocrena Meyrick, 1930: (3)575.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 10812, 12071. Harpe of
nearly equal width throughout; cucullus bluntly
pointed; clasper a curved bar terminating in a cluster
of spines and hairlike setae; sacculus rather broadly
sclerotized. Gnathos a spined, transverse oval knob.
Uncus moderately broad basally, terminating in two
divergent points. Socii rather small setaceous
swellings at base of uncus. Vinculum U-shaped. Teg-
umen about as long as harpe. Anellus a sclerotized
plate, broad basally, narrowed, and with a long spine
at each corner posteriorly. Aedeagus moderately
slender, curved, pointed distally.
FIGURE 6.?Gonionota autocrena (Meyrick). a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Female genitalia slide JFGC 10813. Ostium a deep
cup. Genital plate subrectangular, sclerotized. An-
trum sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis at
junction of antrum and membranous portion of
ductus bursae. Ductus bursae membranous and with
faint and sparse granulations. Bursa copulatrix mem-
branous. Signum absent. Lamella postvaginalis mem-
branous.
TYPE.?Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle,
Paris.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Nova Friburgo, Organ
Mountain.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
In addition to the type, I have before me 2 cf cf,
$ from Brazil, Nova Teutonia (August 1948) Fritz
Plaumann.
The species is clearly referable to Gonionota and
has not been figured previously.
The following group of three new species, cha-
ragma, hypoleuca, and oxybela, belong with and are
related to incisa, phocodes and lichenista. It is vir-
tually impossible to separate the six species on super-
ficial characters, especially when the specimens are
worn, but the genitalia are distinct (except those of
lichenista are unknown) and preclude misidentifi-
cation.
Gonionota oxybela, new species
FIGURE 7; PLATE le
Alar expanse 18?20 mm.
Labial palpus a mixture of tawny olive and sayal
brown with sparse, black irroration; apex of second
segment snuff brown; third segment snuff brown ex-
cept base and apex. Antenna clay color, spotted and
suffused fuscous. Head a mixture of tawny olive and
sayal brown. Thorax bister brown with median
tawny olive line and sparse ochraceous-tawny irro-
ration. Forewing ground color bister brown with
tawny-olive irroration; in outer half of wing consid-
erable ochraceous-tawny scaling; costa ochraceous
FIGURE 7.?Gonionota oxybela, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe
and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus.
NUMBER 95
tawny mixed with tawny olive; from basal third of
costa an ill-defined tawny-olive line extends to fold
where it continues outwardly to tornus; cilia bistre,
those in apical half mixed with ochraceous tawny.
Hindwing sepia above; beneath mostly tawny olive
with considerable ochraceous tawny along costa;
cilia sepia, ochraceous tawny-tipped around termen.
Foreleg white; tibia sepia on outer side; tarsal seg-
ments shading from sepia to clay color; midleg simi-
lar but tarsal segments paler; hindleg femur white
with sepia on outer side; tibia ocherous white with
sepia on outer side; spurs white and tibia with white
transverse line at middle and apex. Abdomen dor-
sally sepia with longitudinal, lateral, ochraceous-
tawny line; ventrally white except last three segments
mixed fuscous, ochraceous tawny, and clay color.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 4010. Harpe oval; cu-
cullus produced as a long, slender process; sacculus
with large bulbous, spined process at outer end;
from base a dentate keel extends to one third. Gnathos
an oval spined knob. Uncus slender, curved, digitate.
Vinculum a narrow band with median anterior ex-
pansion. Tegumen as long as harpe. Anellus an elon-
gate, rectangular plate with basal protuberance on
each side. Aedeagus long, curved; distally linguiform.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71086.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Peru, Cuzco Province.
DISTRIBUTION.?Peru.
Described from the <S holotype (no date or collec-
tor) and 4 o* o* paratypes, same data as holotype.
Of the several species to which oxybela is related,
it is nearest phocodes and differs from it mainly by
the long, pointed cucullus.
Gonionota charagma, new species
FIGURE 8; PLATE 1/
Alar expanse 16?20 mm.
Labial palpus olive buff irrorate with reddish
brown and blackish fuscous; apex of second segment
fuscous; third segment blackish fuscous in tuft, apex
buff. Antenna light reddish brown spotted grayish
fuscous. Head olive buff mixed grayish fuscous. Tho-
rax olive buff strongly suffused fuscous; tegula with
scattered reddish brown scales. Forewing ground
color fuscous, overlaid and suffused reddish brown;
from basal third of costa an all-defined olive-buff
fascia extends to fold then contines to tornus; from
apex to vein 2, an ill-defined olive-buff transverse
fascia; cilia fuscous and reddish brown mixed. Hind-
wing sepia on upper side, underside light tawny olive
with olive buff, reddish brown, and grayish-fuscous
irrorations; cilia clay color with broad fuscous basal
band. Foreleg white, tibia fuscous on outer side; tar-
sal segments overlaid red brown; midleg white; tibia
fuscous on outer side except apically edged white;
hindleg similar except tibia with white median an-
nulus and white median spurs. Abdomen fuscous dor-
sally with reddish-brown scales posterolaterally; ven-
trally shining white and reddish-brown scaling lat-
erally on terminal segment.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 4015, 10929. Harpe
as long as vinculum and tegumen combined, of almost
uniform width throughout and only slightly broader
at middle; sacculus broadly sclerotized, confluent at
outer end with sclerotized rod arising from base of
clasper; termination of rod and sacculus armed with
a strongly setose bulbous process. Gnathos an oval
spined knob. Uncus broad basally, terminating in a
knob with shallow distal concavity. Vinculum a nar-
row band with median anterior process. Tegumen
broad basally, narrowed posteriorly. Anellus subrec-
tangular, expanded basally on each side; posterior
edge concave. Aedeagus curved, stout, distal end
elongate, linguiform; cornuti absent.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 4016. Ostium narrowly
V-shaped. Genital plate strongly sclerotized; lamella
postvaginalis granular. Antrum narrowly sclerotized.
Inception of ductus seminalis dorsal and slightly
anterior to antrum. Ductus bursae membranous.
Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum an elongate,
diamond-shaped, sclerotized, finely dentate plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71087.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Nova Teutonia.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the o* holotype (IV. 1948, Fritz
Plaumann), 3 o* o* and one $ paratypes from Brazil
(Sta. Catharina, Oct. 1-4, 1934, Fritz Hoffmann).
In coloring charagma is very similar to incisa from
Bolivia, but incisa is darker, is practically devoid of
red-brown scaling and the underside of hindwing
is darker and is suffused. In the male genitalia the
cucullus of incisa is rounded (Clarke 1963, pi. 115:
figs. 2?2b) with a short point at outer end of costa.
In incisa there is also a triangular clasper about the
middle of harpe which is absent in charagma. The
harpe of charagma is twice as long as broad but that
of incisa is less than IJ/2 times as long as broad.
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Gonionota hypolenca, new species
FIGURE 9; PLATE \g
Alar expanse 16?22 mm.
Labial palpus first segment white; second segment
finely mottled white, chestnut brown and fuscous;
apex blackish fuscous; third segment almost wholly
blackish fuscous except basal annulus white and apex
ocherous white. Antenna buffy brown basally, grayish
toward distal end with blackish annulations. Head
buffy brown and grayish mixed. Thorax sepia; tegula
snuff brown, edged ocherous white. Fore wing ground
color snuff brown, many of the scales tipped whitish;
from basal third of costa a very faint, ill-defined white
line, interrupted in cell by a fuscous spot, extends to
fold; tornus with an ill-defined fuscous blotch; cilia
sepia. Hindwing sepia above, tawny olive, overlaid
and suffused grayish fuscous beneath; cilia grayish
fuscous with darker basal line. Foreleg white; tibia
sepia on outer side; tarsal segments clay color; midleg
similar; tibia blackish fuscous on outer side except
white basally and distally and a fine white line across
middle; spurs white; hindleg white; femur blackish
fuscous on outer side; tibia sepia on outer side, ex-
cept spurs, a median line and apex white; tarsal
segments shading from sepia to clay color. Abdomen
sepia dorsally; laterally a longitudinal, cinnamon
brown line; ventrally white except terminal segment
sepia.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 11539, 12047. Harpe
very broad, short; cucullus bluntly pointed; sacculus
\
FIGURE 8.?Gonionota charagma, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe
and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95 11
broadly sclerotized, rugose; at end of sacculus a
round, strongly spined protuberance. Gnathos a long,
transverse spined knob. Uncus short, straight, with
apical group of setae; socii elongate setose lobes.
Vinculum a narrow band. Tegumen about as long
as harpe. Anellus an elongate plate with laterobasal
projections, constricted slightly before posterior end;
posterior margin concave. Aedeagus long, curved, ter-
minating in a long pointed process.
Female genitalia slides JFGC 11540, 12048. Ostium
oval, small. Genital plate strongly sclerotized except
central portion membranous, finely granular. Antrum
narrowly cylindrical, sclerotized. Inception of ductus
seminalis slightly anterior to antrum. Ductus bursae
membranous. Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum
an elongate, diamond-shaped, dentate plate. Lamella
antevaginalis rugose. Lamella postvaginalis somewhat
granular.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71088.
FIGURE 9.?Gonionota hypoleuca, new species, a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
12 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
Described from the o* holotype (11-15. Jan. '66,
S. S. and W. D. Duckworth) 11 o* d" and 4 $ ?
paratypes, same locality and collectors (11-25. Jan.
'66; 24-31. X. '66; 1-5. XI. '66).
As pointed out above, all members of this group
are similar but hypoleuca appears to be the nearest
to the Peruvian phocodes from which it differs by
the abundance of white in the labial palpus. In geni-
talia the harpe of phocodes is very broad and shorter
in proportion to its length than that of hypoleuca,
and from the base of sacculus there is a long spatu-
late process in phocodes which is absent in hypoleuca.
I do not know the female of phocodes and can draw
no comparison with it.
Gonionota argopleura, new species
FIGURE 10; PLATE \h
Alar expanse 22 mm.
Labial palpus sordid whitish; second segment
speckled with tawny olive and clay color and shading
to snuff brown at apex; third segment snuff brown
except posterior edge and apex. Antenna tawny olive,
suffused grayish. Head and thorax tawny olive, the
scales tipped whitish. Forewing ground color fawn;
basal half of costa white, shading to gray, then merg-
ing with ground color; apical third of costa white
with a dark brown spot near inner end; on termen
a large ochraceous buff blotch between veins 4 and 7;
in cell, at basal two fifths, an ill-defined dark gray
spot; on middorsum a dark brown shade; cilia tawny
olive. Hindwing buff basally, shading to olive buff
toward margins; cilia buff. Foreleg light cinnamon
buff; midleg similar; tibia with gray spot at base of
spurs; hindleg ocherous white overlaid cinnamon
buff on outer side. Abdomen light grayish brown with
white scales mixed.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 10859. Ostium cres-
centic. Genital plate strongly sclerotized, rugose lat-
erally and with two ridges converging anterior to
ostium. Antrum sclerotized. Inception of ductus semi-
nalis at anterior edge of antrum. Ductus bursae
sclerotized posteriorly, ribbed. Bursa copulatrix mem-
branous. Signum a narrow, oval, sclerotized transverse
plate.
FIGURE 10.?Gonionota argopleura, new species. Ventral
view of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95 13
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71089.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Santa Catharina.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the unique $ holotype (Sept. 26.
'34; Fritz Hoffmann).
In some respects argopleura is similar to the Co-
lombian eurydryas but the sinuation of the costa is
beyond middle in argopleura and the latter lacks any
indication of the pale transverse striae of eurydryas;
also, eurydryas lacks the large ochraceous-buff blotch
before termen, found in argopleura.
Gonionota atnauroptera, new species
FIGURE 11; PLATE 2b
Alar expanse 16-20 mm.
Labial palpus ocherous white on inner side, irrorate
with fuscous and hazel; second segment hazel on
outer side with white-tipped fuscous scales in pos-
terior tuft; third segment similarly marked, with
whitish apex. Antenna gray, somewhat paler apically;
scape whitish ventrally. Head hazel, scales white
tipped and appearing gray. Thorax hazel; dorsally
marked with yellow. Forewing ground color hazel;
costa narrowly reddish, extreme edge whitish; at
basal fifth an indistinct, transverse, fuscous fascia and
a similar outwardly oblique one at two fifths; at
apical third of costa a wedge-shaped spot varying
from white to reddish; in cell at basal third a pair of
minute black discal spots; at end of cell a black-edged
white spot, obsolete in one specimen; base of dorsum
yellow becoming orange rufous toward tornus; on
termen an ill-defined row of fuscous spots; cilia gray-
ish fuscous.
Hindwing ocherous white basally, shading to pale
brownish apically; underside with sharply defined
row of blackish dashes around termen between veins;
cilia ocherous white to pale brownish at apex. Foreleg
ocherous white, shaded with hazel and reddish on
outer side; midleg similar; hindleg ocherous white
irrorate with fuscous on outer side. Abdomen pale
buff; dorsally an ill-defined, longitudinal, median
brownish suffusion; ventrally and laterally a longi-
tudinal row of small brownish to black spots.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 10890, 12034, 12035.
Harpe broadest near base, gently tapered to the
pointed cucullus; clasper a cluster of curved spines
terminating before middle of harpe. Gnathos a rather
narrow, subrectangular, tranverse spined knob. Uncus
a broadly based slender stalk terminating in widely
divergent arms. Socii elongate setaceous ridges. Vin-
culum narrowly U-shaped. Tegumen shorter than
harpe, dilated laterally. Anellus a narrow sclerotized
plate, expanded basally and with a curved spinous
process from each corner posteriorly. Aedeagus rather
slender, strongly bent, apex linguiform; vesica with
small granular patches.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12033. Ostium trans-
verse, broad, ventral lip setaceous. Genital plate
sclerotized, with median granulations; lamella post-
vaginalis finely granular. Antrum sclerotized. Incep-
tion of ductus seminalis dorsal, at junction of an-
trum and membranous portion of ductus bursae.
Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum a large, longi-
tudinal, diamond-shaped dentate plate in posterior
half of bursa copulatrix.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71090.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Argentina, Tucuman, Ciudad
Universitaria, Cerro San Javier, 800 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Argentina.
Described from the cf holotype (17. II. 1959, J. F.
G. Clarke) 3 cf cf and one 9 paratypes from the
type locality (17-20. II. 1959, Clarke).
In wing shape, with costa and dorsal margin
nearly parallel, amauroptera is similar to notodontella,
the type of this genus. In genitalia, however, it is as
near lecithitis as anything else but the vesica lacks
the strong cornutus of that species and signum is
strongly developed in amauroptera.
Among the five specimens before me no two are
alike. One specimen is indeed similar in coloring to
notodontella, the holotype shows a dark tornal blotch,
another is spotted, and two show considerable yellow
coloring.
Gonionota gaiophanes, new species
FIGURE 12; PLATE 2C
Alar expanse 21 mm.
Labial palpus buff mixed with gray; second seg-
ment brownish posteriorly. Antenna brown; scape
buff with some brown scaling anteriorly. Head buff
suffused clay color. Thorax clay color, scales buff
tipped. Forewing ground color clay color, strongly
overlaid sayal brown and weakly mottled with fus-
cuous; in tornal area an ill-defined fuscous blotch;
on termen from apex to tornus, six fuscous trans-
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
verse dashes; from basal third to apical third costa
narrowly yellowish; cilia concolorous with wing; un-
derside of costal area strongly buff scaled, irrorate
with fuscuous and with two fuscous spots at two
fifths and middle. Hindwing pale clay color with
conspicuous fuscous shade between 2nd and 3rd
anals. Foreleg buff shaded clay color on outer side;
midleg similar to foreleg but more lightly shaded;
hindleg similar to midleg. Abdomen buff suffused
clay color ventrally.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12082. Ostium trans-
verse, crescentic. Genital plate subrectangular; la-
mella antevaginalis very finely scobinate. Antrum
sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis slightly an-
terior to antrum. Ductus bursae membranous. Bursa
copulatrix membranous. Signum small, cruciform,
each lateral element with 4 or 5 teeth.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71091.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, New Bremen.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the unique $ holotype (7. II.
1936, Fritz Plaumann).
In superficial appearance gaiophanes is similar to
aethoptera but lacks the dark dorsal band of the
FIGURE 11.?Gonionota amauroptera, new species, a, ven-
tral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus
removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95 15
latter species. The small but conspicuous white spot
at the end of cell in aethoptera is absent in gaio-
phanes.
Gonionota hemiglypta, new species
FIGURE 13; PLATE 2d
Alar expanse 17-21 mm.
Labial palpus ferruginous; second segment fuscous
dorsally and apically; third segment fuscous at mid-
dle with carmine scales at base and preapically; apex
yellowish. Antennal ferruginous basally, shading to
brown toward apex; segments each with tiny fuscous
spot. Head yellow with ferruginous, carmine-tipped
spreading scales laterally. Thorax yellow mixed with
carmine; tegula ferruginous, tipped with yellow and
carmine. Forewing ground color yellow with dorsal
half strongly overlaid carmine; costal half ferruginous
at base, this color becoming attenuated toward apex;
extreme costal edge narrowly whitish; at basal third,
in cell, a small black dot followed at end of cell by
a similar dot; termen and cilia, from vein 7 to tornus,
ferruginous. Hindwing ochraceous tawny; cilia yel-
lowish white with ochraceous tawny suffusion. Fore-
leg ocherous white; femur overlaid ferruginous on
outer side; tibia carmine shaded; midleg ocherous
white; hindleg ocherous white with small ill-defined
fuscous spot at middle and another near distal end of
tibia. Abdomen grayish dorsoanteriorly, ferruginous
posterodorsally; ocherous white ventrally, sparsely
irrorate with black laterally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 10820. Harpe narrowest
at base, dilated at middle, terminating in a broadly
rounded cucullus; from inside middle of costa, a con-
spicuous cluster of fine setae; clasper short, terminat-
ing in ventrally directed spines; from basal third a
stout curved spine; sacculus with small flap at mid-
dle. Gnathos an oval spined knob. Uncus broad
basally with widely separated curved lateral arms.
Vinculum a narrow band. Tegumen about as long as
broad. Anellus an elongate plate with deep excava-
tion on each side and terminating in a pair of widely
divergent slender spines. Aedeagus moderately
slender, curved, pointed.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 10821. Ostium broad,
transverse, oval, with crenulate ventral edge. Genital
plate a narrow sclerotized band. Antrum sclerotized.
Inception of ductus seminalis at anterior edge of
antrum. Ductus bursae membranous. Bursa copula-
m
12
FIGURE 12.?Gonionota gaiophanes, new species. Ventral
view of female genitalia.
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
trix membranous. Signum a small, quadrate, dentate
plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71092.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Nova Teutonia.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the cf holotype and one $ para-
type .(IV. '48, Fritz Plaumann).
This species is similar to G. vivida (Meyrick) from
Bolivia but can be distinguished easily by the widely
separated arms of the uncus. In vivida the uncus
arises as a broadly based stalk, divided apically as in
many other members of Gonionota.
Gonionota eretnia, new species
FIGURE 14; PLATE 2e
Alar expanse 16-19 mm.
Labial palpus auburn with dark suffusion at base
of second segment. Antenna light auburn; scape au-
burn. Head auburn, scales tipped pale cinereous.
Thorax auburn, tegula tipped grayish. Forewing
ground color auburn; at apical third of costa a small
whitish streak; at basal third, in cell, a minute fus-
cous spot; at end of cell a pale, buff spot; between
veins 11 and 12 opposite base of 11, a minute fuscous
FIGURE 13.?Gonionota hemiglypta, new species, a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
spot; dorsum narrowly fuscous; cilia grayish auburn.
Hindwing fuscous, the scales loosely attached; cilia
grayish fuscous with pale basal line. Foreleg white;
femur and tibia auburn on outer side; tarsal seg-
ments suffused fuscous; mid- and hindlegs white suf-
NUMBER 95 17
fused fuscous; abdomen grayish fuscous above, white
ventrally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 5091. Harpe less than
twice as long as broad, deeply hollowed to accom-
modate a stout, elongate, spined clasper; sacculus
broadly sclerotized; cuculus broad, blunt. Gnathos a
transverse, spined oval knob. Uncus very broad, deeply
cleft on posteromedian line; socii small setose papillae.
Vinculum a narrow band. Tegumen broad, rectan-
gular, not sharply differentiated from uncus. Anellus
a broad plate basally, constricted posteriorly, and
terminating in two slender lateral processes. Aedeagus
moderately short, slightly curved, simple.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 5092. Ostium cup-
shape, ventral side sclerotized. Genital plate cordi-
form, sclerotized. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Incep-
tion of ductus seminalis at anterior edge of antrum.
Ductus bursae membranous. Bursa copulatrix mem-
branous. Signum an oval dentate plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71093.
TYPE LOCALITY.?French Guiana, Cayenne.
DISTRIBUTION.?French Guiana, British Guiana.
Described from the cf holotype (no date; Wm.
Schaus) and one $ paratype, British Guiana, Bar-
FIGURE 14.?Gonionota eremia, new species, a, ventral view
of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed;
b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
tica District, Kalacoon (20. X. 1920; no collector
indicated).
In genitalia eremia is near G. teganitis Meyrick but
differs widely in the nature of the clasper which is
short in teganitis and nearly as long as the harpe in
eremia. The presence of the dark dorsal edge places
eremia near aethoptera and aethographa, both de-
scribed herein.
Gonionota dryodesma (Meyrick)
Hypercallia dryodesma Meyrick, 1916: (1)552.
Gonionota dryodesma (Meyrick), Clarke 1963: (4)230, pi.
112: figs. 4, 4a.
Hypercallia dryocrypta Meyrick, 1931: (4) 121. (New syn-
onymy).
In Meyrick's description of the forewing of dryo-
desma he states "8 and 9 out of 7"; but in the case
of dryocrypta he wrote "9 out of 7." The types of
both have identical venation with 9 out of the stalk
of 7 and 8. A male from Venezuela matches the type
male of dryodesma and a female, collected in Vene-
zuela at the same time as the male, matches the type
of dryocrypta.
In addition to the types, I have before me a o*
and $ , Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m
(21-25. Jan. '66, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth); ? ,
Costa Rica, Turrialba (VII. 15-19.65, P. J. Span-
gler).
TYPES.?British Museum (Natural History) (dry-
odesma) ; U. S. National Museum (dryocrypta).
TYPE LOCALITIES.?French Guiana, St. Jean, Rio
Maroni (dryodesma) ; Guatemala, Cayuga (dryo-
crypta) .
DISTRIBUTION.?French Guiana, Venezuela, Guate-
mala, Costa Rica.
Gonionota insignata, new species
FIGURE 15; PLATE 2/
Alar expanse 16-18 mm.
Labial palpus ocherous white on inner side with
slight reddish suffusion and fuscous irrorations; re-
mainder suffused reddish and profusely irrorate with
fuscous and gray; posterior tuft of second segment
mixed with much gray. Antenna gray with minute
fuscous spots at ends of segments; scape suffused red-
dish. Head grayish ocherous. Thorax dull ochraceous
orange, paler posteriorly. Forewing ground color
ochraceous orange irregularly blotched with grayish
fuscous, especially on dorsum; at basal third, in cell,
a fuscous spot, largely obscured by the irregular gray-
ish fuscous blotching; at end of cell a white discal
spot; subterminally, from inside apex to tornus, a
series of 7 or 8 small fuscous spots; costa with some
scattered white scales and at apical third a pale,
wedge-shaped mark preceded by an ill-defined fus-
cous spot; cilia grayish fuscous mixed with some
white-tipped scales.
Hindwing ocherous white, slightly darker apically;
cilia ocherous white becoming darker toward apex.
Foreleg ocherous white, strongly marked reddish and
fuscous on outer side; midleg ocherous white with a
few grayish spots on outer side; hindleg ocherous
white with sparse grayish fuscous irroration. Abdo-
men sordid white infuscated dorsally; ventrally white
but tawny posteriorly.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 5093, 5094. Harpe
short, broadest at middle by a pronounced expansion
of sacculus; from base of sacculus to near middle a
low, free ridge; at junction of sacculus and a bar from
base of costa, a small knob armed with a cluster of
stout recurved setae. Gnathos an oval spined knob.
Uncus broad basally, somewhat narrowed at middle,
terminating in a flat knob. Vinculum a narrow ring.
Tegumen about as long as harpe, widest at base.
Anellus a sclerotized plate, widest above base, pos-
terior edge deeply concave with a long, slender spine
at each corner. Aedeagus curved, moderately stout;
distal end spatulate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71094.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Ecuador, Environs de Loja.
DISTRIBUTION.?Ecuador.
Described from the <$ holotype and two cf cf
paratypes from the same locality ("10-86, Dognin
Collection").
In general aspect insignata is similar to ioleuca but
the ground color of the latter is much grayer than
that of the former.
This is a variable species with the blotched effect
producing an irregular, broad, median area in the
holotype, absent in the paratypes, but one of them
with the blotched dorsal half of forewing.
Gonionota menura, new species
FIGURE 16; PLATE 2g
Alar expanse 24 mm.
Labial palpus ocherous white, heavily overlaid
PLATES
20 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
PLATE 1.?a, Gonionota aethoptera, new species; b, G. aethographa, new species; c, G. colo-
gramma, new species; d, G. autocrena (Meyrick) ; e, G. oxybela, new species; /, G. charagma,
new species; g, G. hypoleuca, new species; h, G. argopleura, new species.
NUMBER 95 21
PLATE 2.?a, Gonionota phthiochroma, new species; b, G. amauroptera, new species; c, G.
gaiophanes, new species; d, G. hemiglypta, new species; e, G. eremia, new species; /, G. in-
signata, new species; g, G. menura, new species; h, G. parauexillata, new species.
22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
J
PLATE 3.?a, Gonionota transuersa, new species; b, G. sphenogramma, new species; c, G. se-
lene, new species; d, G. leucoporpa (Meyrick) ; e, G. lecithitis (Meyrick) ; /, G. poecilia, new
species; g, G. rosacea (Forbes) ; h, Hypercallia heterochroma, new species.
NUMBER 95 23
with amber brown and carmine scales; third segment
with apex broadly ocherous white. Antenna light
amber brown with darker annulations. Head ocher-
ous white obscured by amber brown and carmine.
Thorax amber brown, spotted faintly with carmine.
Forewing ground color amber brown; basal third
faintly blotched with carmine; slightly before middle
of costa a small, ocherous white, quadrate spot edged
with carmine; at outer third costa excavated and
bordered with a white, carmine-edged, lunate mark;
remainder of costa very narrowly edged fuscous; in
cell at basal third a fuscous spot surrounded by a few
carmine scales; discal spot at end of cell obsolete;
between end of cell and termen an ill-defined, trans-
verse row of fuscous spots; cilia amber brown.
Hindwing ocherous white basally, shading to
brown at apex; cilia matching. Foreleg ocherous
white overlaid with amber brown and carmine on
outer side; midleg similar; hindleg ocherous white
with scattered amber brown and carmine irrorations;
spurs brown tipped. Abdomen ocherous white, ven-
trally irrorate with tawny, fuscous, and brown.
Female genitalia slide JFGG 12126. Ostium wide,
broadly funnel shaped. Lamella postvaginalis granu-
lar. Antrum not differentiated. Inception of ductus
seminalis lateral, from a small membranous area at
posterior two thirds of ductus bursae. Ductus bursae
strongly sclerotized for most of its length with an
expanded area anteriorly on left side. Bursa copu-
latrix membranous. Signum an elongate oval, sclero-
tized, dentate plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71095.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Panama, Cerro Campana, nr.
Chica.
DISTRIBUTION.?Panama.
Described from the $ holotype (2-5. IV. 65, S. S.
and W. D. Duckworth).
In coloring and pattern menura is similar to is-
astra and insulana but isastra has a much grayer
hindwing; insulana is a smaller insect than menura
and has a proportionately narrower forewing. The
heavily sclerotized ductus bursae of menura further
distinguishes it from insulana.
Gonionota paravexillata, new species
FIGURE 17; PLATE 2h
Alar expanse 17 mm.
Labial palpus ocherous white; second segment
heavily overlaid red brown and with carmine suf-
fusion on inner side; second segment similar with few
black scales in tuft, and apex buff. Antenna fuscous,
somewhat paler and suffused reddish basally; scape
ocherous white ventrally, reddish brown dorsally.
FIGURE 15.?Gonionota insignata, new species, a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus.
24 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Head a mixture of reddish and yellowish white-
tipped scales. Thorax a mixture of snuff brown,
orange, and scarlet; base of tegula snuff brown. Fore-
wing ground color snuff brown; from basal third
of costa a broad scarlet fascia curves inwardly and
broadens to base of wing; the scarlet band is mixed
with orange and a few sepia scales across fold; the
fascia is bordered outwardly by an ill-defined sepia
line; on costa, just beyond apical third, a sharply de-
fined, small white triangle from which arises an ill-
defined, outwardly curved, narrow, sepia fascia which
extends to dorsum at tornus; at end of cell a small
white dot preceded and followed by a few fuscous
scales; dorsum narrowly edged fuscous; cilia sepia.
Hindwing snuff brown, slightly darker toward apex,
buff between cell and costa; cilia sepia with grayish
tips. Foreleg ocherous white; femur grayish fuscous
on outer side; tibia snuff brown with reddish hue on
outer side; first tarsal segment with scarlet dash; mid-
leg ocherous white; tibia grayish fuscous on outer
side; hindleg ocherous white with faint grayish suf-
fusion on tibia and tarsal segments. Abdomen sepia
dorsally, light buff ventrally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12140. Harpe broadest
about middle; cucullus rounded; clasper with distal,
free, spined arm extending to edge of cucullus; sac-
culus recurved ventrally slightly beyond middle.
Gnathos a transverse, spined oval knob. Uncus a
long, slender stalk with widely divergent terminal
arms. Vinculum U-shaped. Tegumen as long as
harpe, moderately narrow, slightly dilated laterally.
Anellus a rectangular plate with long spinous process
from each corner posteriorly. Aedeagus stout, curved,
distally an upturned point; vesica armed with a clus-
ter of stout cornuti.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71096.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
Described from the unique o* holotype (21-25
Jan. 1966. S. S. and W. D. Duckworth).
As the name suggests, this species is very similar
to vexillata but may be distinguished readily by the
genitalia. The terminal spines of the clasper of vexil-
lata are directed inward and toward sacculus but in
paravexillata they are directed toward cucullus. The
cornuti of vexillata consist of two groups in linear ar-
rangement but in paravexillata there is one large
cluster.
16
FIGURE 16.?Gonionota menura, new species. Ventral view
of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95 25
Gonionota transversa, new species
FIGURE 18; PLATE 3a
Alar expanse 17-19 mm.
Labial palpus buff; second segment irrorate with
tawny and fuscous; posterior tuft fuscous; third seg-
ment with a broad fuscous median annulus. Antenna
dresden brown with paler annulations; scape dresden
brown dorsally, buff ventrally. Head buff; frons and
laterally dresden brown; dorsally mixed with scat-
tered ochraceous-orange scales. Thorax buff mixed
with ochraceous-orange and dresden brown. Fore-
wing ground color dresden brown; basal third of
wing, except rectangular patch of ground color on
costa, buff, mixed with ochraceous orange and fus-
cous; outer third of wing buff but this color nearly
obscured by darker blotches and irrorations; on
costa, at apical third, a buff spot; in cell, at one third,
a pair of small fuscous discal spots; at end of cell a
similar, but smaller, spot; cilia dresden brown. Hind-
wing ocherous white, slightly darker toward margins;
cilia ocherous white at anal angle, becoming darker
toward apex. Foreleg ocherous white; femur and
tibia fuscous on outer side; tarsal segments suffused
ochraceous orange; midleg ocherous white with small
fuscous spot on tibia; hindleg ocherous white with a
few scattered grayish scales. Abdomen grayish dor-
sally; ventrally buff.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 4631, 12131. Harpe of
nearly equal width throughout; cucullus broadly
rounded; clasper terminating in a small cluster of
stout spines (one example with one large and two
small ones). Gnathos a pear-shaped spined knob.
Uncus a broadly based curved stalk, distally bilobed.
Vinculum U-shaped. Tegumen arched, shorter than
harpe. Anellus a subrectangular, sclerotized plate; at
each corner posteriorly a flattened projection. Aedea-
gus stout, curved, pointed distally; vesica armed with
one large cluster of stout cornuti and two groups of
granulations.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71097.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Castro Parana.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the o* holotype and 3 cf o* para-
types with identical data (no date; Wm. Schaus
Coll.).
Although transversa is similar to ioleuca, and is
from the same locality, the former can be distin-
guished immediately from the latter by the genitalia.
In ioleuca the spined part of the clasper extends to
the end of cucullus but in transversa the clasper is
weak and has only a few curved spines about middle
of harpe. Moreover the vesica of transversa is armed
with a large cluster of stout cornuti, a feature absent
in ioleuca.
Gonionota sphenogramma, new species
FIGURE 19; PLATE 36
Alar expanse 17-18 mm.
Labial palpus brown; second segment grayish
posteriorly; third segment apex yellowish. Antenna
FIGURE 17.?Gonionota paravexillata, new species, a, ven-
tral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus
removed; b, aedeagus.
26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
18c
FIGURE 18.?Gonionota transversa, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe
and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, variation in clasper.
brown, faintly and narrowly annulated fuscous. Head
light brown, scales tipped grayish. Thorax brown and
gray mixed. Forewing ground color brown with pro-
nounced gray dusting, particularly in basal half; at
basal two fifths of costa a small white spot preceded
by dark gray; basal third of costa yellowish; costa
at middle, dark gray, recurved, and followed out-
wardly by a shallow excavation, the latter white,
broadened outwardly into a wedge-shaped mark,
edged yellowish; on costa, preceding apex, a slender
white streak; discal spot at basal third dark gray, at
end of cell white; tornus dusted dark gray; cilia con-
colorous except dark gray from vein 5 to tornus.
Hindwing light gray suffused brownish toward mar-
gins; cilia pale brownish buff basally, sordid white
apically, and with a gray subbasal line. Foreleg
ocherous white; femur brown on outer side; tibia
brown on outer side with carmine apically; 1st tarsal
segment carmine on outer side; midleg similar to
foreleg but with two brownish spots on tibia; hind-
leg ocherous with ill-defined, small brownish mark-
ings. Abdomen ocherous white, infused brownish
dorsally; irrorate with scattered brown scales laterally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12083. Harpe broadest
before middle, then tapered to the bluntly pointed
cucullus; from base of costa a slender strongly scler-
otized bar to middle of harpe continued as a long
free arm nearly to cucullus, bulbous at base, and
armed with stout setae; sacculus swollen and with
a prominent ridge in distal half. Gnathos a trans-
verse, oval spined knob. Uncus broad, divided, and
setose distally. Socii low, setose prominences. Vin-
culum a narrow band. Tegumen moderately broad,
narrowed posteriorly. Anellus a pear-shaped plate
with posterolateral hooks. Aedeagus stout, curved,
sharply pointed.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12084. Ostium trans-
verse, slitlike. Genital plate subcordiform, rugose,
strongly setose. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Incep-
tion of ductus seminalis slightly anterior to antrum.
Ductus bursae membranous. Bursa copulatrix mem-
branous. Signum a longitudinal, oval, dentate plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71098.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
NUMBER 95 27
Described from the d1 holotype (16-19. I. 66, S. S.
and W. D. Duckworth), 4 d d (11-25. I. 1966),
and one $ paratypes (31. X. 1966) all collected by
S. S. and W. D. Duckworth.
This species is very near G. anelicta (Meyrick)
from Bolivia, but has a much paler hindwing. Un-
fortunately, the type of anelicta has no abdomen
(Clarke 1963:229, pi. I l l : fig. 3), so no comparison
of the genitalia can be made.
Gonionota selene, new species
FIGURE 20; PLATE 3C
Alar expanse 20 mm.
Labial palpus gray brown; second segment with
some ocherous white on inner side; third segment
apex ocherous white. Antenna gray but browner
toward base and ocherous white ventrally; scape
brownish dorsally, ocherous white ventrally. Head
gray brown, scales tipped whitish. Thorax light
chrome yellow with median longitudinal brown line;
tegula brown anteriorly. Forewing ground color rus-
set; at base of dorsum a light chrome yellow blotch
extending across fold and bordered on outer edge
FIGURE 19.?Gonionota sphenogramma, new species, a, ven-
tral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
28 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
with a short fuscous dash; costa gray brown except
at two thirds a white, wedge-shaped mark; at two
fifths of costa a short chrome yellow transverse fascia
not reaching middle of wing; at end of cell a small
fuscous dot; dorsum, beyond the chrome yellow basal
blotch, broadly fuscous to termen at vein 3; dark
dorsal area overlaid avellaneous in central part; from
apex to vein 5 an ill-defined, quadrate chrome yellow
area; cilia russet. Hindwing whitish ocherous, basally
shading to pale brown at apex and grayish fuscous in
anal area; cilia sordid white mixed grayish brown.
Foreleg ocherous white; femur gray brown on outer
side; tibia russet on outer side; midleg similar but
lighter and speckled; hindleg whitish ocherous; tibia
and tarsal segments speckled brown and gray. Ab-
domen ocherous white with a fewr rust-colored scales
mixed; ventrally finely irrorate with fuscous.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 10935. Ostium cres-
cent shaped; posteroventral edge convex. Genital
plate rather narrow, U-shaped; lamella postvaginalis
membranous. Antrum subrectangular, sclerotized.
Inception of ductus seminalis slightly anterior to an-
trum. Ductus bursae finely granular, moderately
short. Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum a large
diamond-shaped, dentate, sclerotized plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71099.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Brazil, Santa Catharina.
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Described from the unique $. holotype (21 Jan.
'36, Fritz Hoffmann).
Superficially selene resembles incalescens but where
the wedge-shaped white costal mark is situated there
is a deep excavation of costa in selene which is ab-
sent in incalescens. The outer discal spot is white
in incalescens but fuscous in selene and the promi-
nent crimson coloring of incalescens is absent in
selene. Although the detailed differences seem great,
the moths look strikingly similar to the naked eye.
Gonionota leucoporpa (Meyrick), new combination
FIOURE 21; PLATE 3d
Hypercallia leucoporpa Meyrick, 1926:313.?Clarke 1963:
293, pi. 143: fig. 4.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12052. Harpe broadest
slightly before middle, abruptly narrowed to cucullus;
clasper terminating about middle of harpe in a clus-
ter of fine spines. Gnathos a transverse, spined oval
knob. Uncus a broadly based rather wide stalk ter-
FIGURE 20.?Gonionota selene, new species. Ventral view of
female genitalia.
NUMBER 95
minating in two blunt divergent points. Socii indi-
cated by setaceous, raised, broad ridges. Vinculum
U-shaped. Tegumen about two thirds the length of
harpe. Anellus a sclerotized oval plate with a pair
of divergent pointed processes posteriorly. Aedeagus
moderately slender, curved, distal end upturned;
cornutus a small sclerotized plate.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12053. Ostium slitlike,
transverse. Genital plate sclerotized, produced an-
teriorly, narrowed laterally. Antrum sclerotized, short.
Inception of ductus seminalis at junction of antrum
and membranous portions of ductus bursae. Ductus
bursae membranous with minute granulations. Bursa
copulatrix membranous. Signum a very small, irregu-
lar sclerotized plate.
TYPE.?British Museum (Natural History).
TYPE LOCALITY.?Colombia, Sosomoko.
DISTRIBUTION.?Colombia, Venezuela.
As pointed out by Clarke (1963, p. 293) the ab-
domen of the type is missing. The genitalia of leu-
coporpa, therefore, have not been figured previously
FIGURE 21.?Gonionota leucoporpa (Meyrick). a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
29
21c
i
30 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
and are figured here from specimens from Venezuela,
Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m, 11-19. Jan. 1966,
S. S. and W. D. Duckworth.
Gonianota lecithitis (Meyrick)
FIGURE 22; PLATE 3e
Coptotelia lecithitis Meyrick, 1912:703.?Clarke 1963:238,
pi. 116: figs. 4-4b.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 4007, 12213. Harpe
broadest about middle; cucullus rounded; clasper
terminating in a cluster of curved spines. Gnathos
an oval spined knob. Uncus a broadly based stalk
dilated posteriorly. Socii, small, narrow setaceous
ridges. Vinculum U-shaped. Tegumen two thirds the
length of harpe. Anellus a broad plate basally, nar-
rowed posteriorly, terminating in two divergent
points. Aedeagus moderately stout, curved distally
ending in a small peak; vesica armed with a strongly
barbed cornutus.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 4008. Ostium round,
ventral edge irregular. Genital plate narrow. Antrum
somewhat thickened. Inception of ductus seminalis
FIGURE 22.?Gonionota lecithitis (Meyrick). a, ventral view
of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed;
b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
at anterior edge of antrum. Ductus bursae mem-
branous, short. Bursa copulatrix membranous. Sig-
num faintly indicated.
TYPE.?British Museum (Natural History).
TYPE LOCALITY.?Argentina, Parana.
DISTRIBUTION.?Argentina.
The illustration in Clarke (1963) is inadequate.
The cucullus appears pointed in the photograph and
is the result of pressure on the genitalia. Moreover
the barbed cornutus and the small peak at the distal
end of the aedeagus do not show in Figure 4a. The
female has not been illustrated previously and is in-
NUMBER 95 31
eluded for the sake of completeness. It is figured
from a specimen from Tucuman, Argentina.
Gonionota poecilia, new species
FIGURE 23; PLATE 3/
Alar expanse 16-19 mm.
Labial palpus light ochraceous buff; second seg-
ment irrorate with ochraceous tawny; posterior tuft
grayish fuscous; third segment similar but irrorate
with reddish scales and apex ocherous white. Antenna
buff with grayish fuscous annulations; scape grayish
fuscous dorsally, buff ventrally. Head light avel-
laneous. Thorax sayal brown mixed with scarlet and
orange yellow. Ground color of forewing sayal
brown; dorsal two thirds mostly scarlet and orange-
yellow blotches and spots set off by a fuscous reticu-
lum; on basal third of dorsum a triangular spot of
ground color, its base on dorsal edge; on basal third
of costa an orange yellow triangle containing scarlet
scales; a similarly colored wedge-shaped mark on
outer third of costa; at basal third, in cell, a large
white spot followed at end of cell by a similar, but
smaller, spot; subterminally an outwardly curved
row of fuscous dashes from vein 9 to vein lc; ter-
minal edge from apex around tornus to base of dor-
sum narrowly fuscous; cilia sayal brown.
Hindwing ocherous white, basally shading to clay
color toward margins; termen narrowly dark clay
color; cilia ocherous white at anal angle becoming
darker toward apex. Foreleg light ochraceous buff;
femur and tibia sayal brown on outer side, mid- and
hindlegs light ochraceous buff; very sparsely irrorate
with brownish. Abdomen deep olive buff dorsally,
light ochraceous buff ventrally, irrorate with brown
and fuscous scales.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12015. Harpe broad-
est before middle, gradually tapered to a narrow,
bluntly pointed cucullus; clasper a sclerotized rod
terminating in a free knob clothed with one large
and numerous small spines. Gnathos an oval spined
knob. Uncus broad, flattened, dilated distally; socii
short, digitate setaceous processes. Vinculum nar-
rowly rounded. Tegumen about two thirds the
length of harpe, broad basally. Anellus pear shape;
from each corner, posteriorly, a long spine. Aedea-
gus strongly bent, sharply pointed distally; vesica
unarmed.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12085. Ostium slit-
like. Genital plate very broad, rounded anteriorly;
lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis mem-
branous, granular. Antrum strongly sclerotized for a
short distance inside ostium. Inception of ductus
seminalis lateral, at junction of antrum and mem-
branous part of ductus bursae. Ductus bursae mem-
branous. Bursa copulatrix membranous, very finely
granular posteriorly. Signum an elongate, sclerotized,
dentate plate.
HOLOTVPE.?USNM 71101.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
Described from the o* holotype, 12 d o* and 7
9 9 para types, all from the same locality (January,
October, and November dates, 1966, S. S. and W.
D. Duckworth) and one 9 (22-30. VI. 1967, R. W.
Poole).
Superficially, poecilia resembles festicola more
than it does anything else presently assigned to the
genus, but is easily distinguished by the genitalia. In
festicola there is a long, pointed process, parallel to
costa, from base of harpe and a strongly recurved
clasper from basal third of harpe (Clarke 1963: pi.
114: fig. lb), both absent in poecilia. The vesica of
festicola is armed, that of poecilia unarmed. The
uncus is broad and flattened in poecilia, stalked in
festicola. The female genitalia of festicola are un-
known, so cannot be compared with poecilia.
Gonionota rosacea (Forbes), new combination
FIGURE 24; PLATE 3g
Hypercallia rosacea Forbes, 1931:4 (4):379, pi. 42: fig. 18.
Male genitalia slides JFGC 12050, 12051. Harpe
oval, terminating in a bluntly pointed cucullus;
clasper expanded dorsally into a large, dentate disc
with a flattened curved process from base nearly
reaching ventral edge of harpe. Gnathos a trans-
verse, elongate spined knob. Uncus a broadly based,
short stalk with short divergent arms apically. Socii
indicated mainly by a few setae. Vinculum U-
shaped. Tegumen about two thirds the length of
harpe, convex laterally. Anellus broad basally, nar-
rowed, and with a long spine from each side pos-
teriorly. Aedeagus slightly curved, apically digitate;
vesica armed with one beaklike curved cornutus
with a spined plate at base.
32 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
TYPE.?Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Haiti.
DISTRIBUTION.?Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Re-
public.
There are two specimens before me from the
Dominican Republic (Jarabacoa, 3-4 June 1969
and Convento, 12 km. S. of Contanza, 6-13 June
1969, both collected by Flint and Gomez) which
extends the range of this beautiful species.
So far the species is known only from males.
The genitalia of rosacea have not been figured
previously. The enormously dilated clasper distin-
guishes rosacea from any other species of Gonionota
known to me.
Gonionota phthiochroma, new species
FIGURE 25; PLATE 2a
Alar expanse 23 mm.
Antenna very pale grayish, basally shading to
buff apically; dorsally, near base a slight carmine
suffusion; scape grayish fuscous dorsally, white ven-
trally. Head grayish fuscous, anteriorly shading
through ochraceous salmon to buff posteriorly.
Thorax ochraceous salmon anteriorly, ochraceous
tawny posteriorly; tegula ochraceous tawny ante-
riorly, ochraceous salmon and buff posteriorly. Fore-
wing ground color costal two fifths ochraceous buff,
dorsal three fifths ochraceous salmon; extreme edge
of costa ocherous white; basal fifth of wing, inside
costa ochraceous salmon and ochraceous tawny; in
FIGURE 23.?Gonionota poecilia, new species, a, ventral
view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus re-
moved; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia.
NUMBER 95 33
FIGURE 24.?Gonionota rosacea (Forbes), a, ventral view of
male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b,
aedeagus.
FIGURE 25.?Gonionota phthiochroma, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left
harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus.
34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
cell, at basal third a minute black spot and a similar
one at end of cell; outer half of wing with a few
scattered black scales; cilia ochraceous tawny at
apex, shading to ochraceous salmon and buff around
termen to tornus; costal two fifths, underside,
heavily suffused fuscous. Hindwing ocherous white,
slightly darker and with a pink tinge apically; cilia
very pale brownish at apex, shading to ocherous
white around termen to base; underside sparsely ir-
rorate fuscous and with a series of conspicuous fus-
cous spots around termen. Foreleg ocherous white;
outer side of femur and tibia ochraceous tawny;
mid- and hindlegs ocherous white with sparse fus-
cous irroration. Abdomen ocherous white, dorsopos-
teriorly shading to buff; a pair of brownish spots
ventroanteriorly and black spots posterolaterally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12212. Harpe twice
as long as broad; cucullus rounded; clasper stout,
terminating in three large and three small recurved
spines. Gnathos a transverse oval spined knob. Uncus
a broadly based stalk with short divergent arms
apically. Socii small, setaceous papillae. Vinculum
broadly U-shaped. Tegumen about two thirds the
length of harpe, dilated basally. Anellus an elongate
sclerotized plate, broadest basally, narrowed distally.
Aedeagus moderately slender, curved, distal end
linguiform; vesica unarmed except for a few
granulations.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71102.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Bolivia, Cochabamba, Inca-
haca, Tropical cloud area, 2100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Bolivia.
Described from the unique cf holotpe (27-VIII-
5. IX. 56, L. Pefia).
The nearest relative of phthiochroma is isophylla
Meyrick from Peru but phthiochroma lacks any
trace of the "reddish gray" hindwing described for
isophylla. Moreover the fuscous suffusion of the
costal two fifths of the forewing of phthiochroma is
absent in isophylla. The male genitalia of the two
are strikingly similar, showing the obvious close re-
lationship, but the curved spines at the end of clas-
per of isophylla are longer than those of phthio-
chroma.
The following species, including those described
in the foregoing pages, are now assigned to the
Genus Gonionota:
acrocosma (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Entomo-
logical Society of London, 1911:703?COLOMBIA
aethographa, new species?COSTA RICA
aethoptera, new species?VENEZUELA
amauroptera, new species?ARGENTINA
amphicrena (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Entomo-
logical Society of London, 1911:703?COLOMBIA
anelicta (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:312?
BOLIVIA
anisodes (Meyrick) 1916, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:
552?FRENCH GUIANA
argopleura, new species?BRAZIL
autocrena (Meyrick) 1930, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:
575?BRAZIL
bourquini Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480): 70, fig. 4, pi. 2: figs. 4,
5?ARGENTINA, BRAZIL
borquiniella (Kohler) 1940, An. Soc. Cient. Argentina, 128:
369, fig. 1, new combination?ARGENTINA
captans (Meyrick) 1931, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:121,
new combination?BRAZIL
charagma, new species?BRAZIL
citronota (Meyrick) 1932, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:279,
new combination?BRAZIL
cologramma, new species?VENEZUELA
comastis Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1909:25?PERU
constellata (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Entomo-
logical Society of London, 1911:701?COLOMBIA
contrasta Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480):64, figs. 2a-d; pi. 1:
fig. 4; 2: fig. 2?PERU
cristata Walsingham 1912, in Godman and Salvin, Biologia
Centrali-Americana, 42 (Lepidoptera-Heterocera, 4) :
129?PANAMA
determinata Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480):68, fig. 3 ; pi. 1: fig. 5;
2: fig. 3?BRITISH GUIANA, VENEZUELA
dissita Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States Na-
tional Museum, 115(3480) :67, fig. 2e; pi. 3: fig. 5?
TRINIDAD
dryodesma (Meyrick) 1916, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:
552?FRENCH GUIANA
[=dryocrypta (Meyrick)]?GUATEMALA
eremia, new species?FRENCH GUIANA
erotopis (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3 :
315?BOLIVIA
erythroleuca (Meyrick) 1928, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3 :
473?PERU
eurydryas (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3 :
314?COLOMBIA
euthyrsa (Meyrick) 1930, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3 :
577?ECUADOR
excavata Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480): 79, fig. 6e; pi. 1: fig. 2;
3: fig. 3?MEXICO
NUMBER 95 35
extima Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States Na-
tional Museum, 115(3480): 76, fig. 5b, pi. 1: fig. 1; 3:
fig. 2?COSTA RICA
festicola (Meyrick) 1924, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:104?
PERU
ftmbriata Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480):82, figs. 7c-e; pi. 1: fig.
3; 3: fig. 1?PANAMA
gaiophanes, new species?BRAZIL
habristis (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:189?
BRITISH GUIANA
hemiglyptal new species?BRAZIL
hydrogramma (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Ento-
mological Society of London, 1911:702?COLOMBIA
hypoleuca, new species?VENEZUELA
hyptiotes Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480) : 80, fig. 7f; pi. 3: fig. 6?
MEXICO
incalescens (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:
192?COLOMBIA
incisa Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological So-
ciety of London, 1909:27?BOLIVIA
incontigua Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480) :74, fig. 5a; pi. 2: fig. 6?
VENEZUELA
insignata, new species?ECUADOR
insulana Clarke 1968, Proceedings of the United States Na-
tional Museum, 125(3654) :5, fig. 3, pi. 2?DOMINICA
intonans (Meyrick) 1933, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:368?
ARGENTINA
ioleuca (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1911: 703?ARGENTINA
isastra (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:312?
COLOMBIA
isodryas (Meyrick) 1921, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2:389?
BRAZIL
isophylla Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1909:25?PERU
lecithitis (Meyrick) 1912, Transactions of the Entomologi-
cal Society of London, 1911:703?BRAZIL
leucoporpa (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:
313?COLOMBIA
lichenista (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:
312?COLOMBIA
melobaphes Walsingham 1912, in Godman and Salvin, Bio-
logia Centralia-Americana, 42
(Lepidoptera-Heterocera, 4 ) : 129, pi. 4: fig. 27?COSTA
RICA, PANAMA
menura, new species?PANAMA
militaris (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:191?
COLOMBIA
mitts (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:190?
PERU
notodontella Zeller 1877, Horae Societatis Entomologicae
Rossicae, 13:381, pi. 5: fig. 132?COLOMBIA
oligarcha (Meyrick) 1913, Transactions of the Entomologi-
cal Society of London, 1913:178?PERU
oriphanta (Meyrick) 1928, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:
473?COLOMBIA
oxybela, new species?PERU
paravexillata, new species?VENEZUELA
periphereia Clarke 1964, Proceedings of the United States
National Museum, 115(3480) :77, figs. 6c, d; pi. 3: fig.
4?ECUADOR
persistis (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:191?
PERU
phocodes Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1909:27?PERU
phthiochroma, new species?BOLIVIA
pialea (Meyrick) 1921, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2:389?
BRAZIL
poecilia, new species?VENEZUELA
praeclivis (Meyrick) 1921, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2:
389?PERU
prolectans (Meyrick) 1926, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:
314?COLOMBIA
pyrocausta (Meyrick) 1931, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:
121?COLOMBIA
pyrrhotrota (Meyrick) 1932, Exotic Microlepidoptera 4:
280, new combination?BOLIVIA
rhacina Walsingham 1912, in Godman and Salvin, Biologia
Centrali-Americana, 42 (Lepidoptera-Heterocera 4 ) :
130, pi. 4: fig. 29?GUATEMALA
rosacea (Forbes) 1931, Journal of the Department of Agri-
culture of Porto Rico, 4(4) : 379, pi. 42: fig. 18?CUBA,
HAITI, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
satrapis (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:191?
COLOMBIA
saulopis Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1909:28?PERU
selene, new species?BRAZIL
sphenogramma, new species?VENEZUELA
teganitis Meyrick 1909, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1909:26?PERU
transversa, new species?BRAZIL
uberrima (Meyrick) 1914, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:
190?PERU
ustimacula (Zeller) 1875, Verhandlungen der K.K. Zoolog-
isch-botanischen Gesellschaft in WIEN, 24:440, pi. 12:
fig. 10 (=zelleri Butler)?CHILE
vexillata (Meyrick) 1913, Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1913:179?PERU
vivida (Meyrick) 1924, Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:103?
BOLIVIA
Genus Coptotelia Zeller
Coptotelia bipunctalis (Warren), new combination
Hyphypena bipunctalis Warren, 1889:232.
Hypercallia brysocyma Meyrick, 1921: (2)388; 1922:
180:163, no. 55.?Gaede, in Bryk 1939: 92:256. (New
synonymy).
Coptotelia bysocyma (Meyrick), Clarke 1951: 11:350, pi.
5: figs. 4-4b; 1963: 4:149, pi. 71: figs. 1-lb.
I have compared carefully the slide of the genitalia
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
of byrsocyma (JFGC 4622) with that of bipunctalis
(JFGC 4632) and am convinced of the above
synonymy.
TYPES.?British Museum (Natural History).
TYPE LOCALITIES.?Brazil, R. Jurua (bipunctalis);
Brazil, Obidos {byrsocyma).
DISTRIBUTION.?Brazil.
Genus Hypercallia Stephens
Hypercallia miltopa (Meyrick)
Coptotelia miltopa Meyrick, 1912:700.
Cryptolechia tunicata Busck, 1914:29. (New synonymy).
Hypercallia miltopa (Meyrick), 1922:163, pi. 6: fig. 101.?
Clarke 1963:294, pi. 144: figs. 3-3b.
Machimia tunicata (Busck), Meyrick 1922:82.
The specific synonymy here is clear but the generic
position of miltopa is uncertain. In all probability,
when the generic limits of the South American
species have been established, a new genus will be
required for this species and its congeners.
TYPES.?U.S. National Museum (tunicata);
British Museum (Natural History) (miltopa).
TYPE LOCALITIES.?Panama, Porto Bello (tuni-
cata); Colombia, San Antonio (miltopa).
DISTRIBUTION.?Colombia, Panama.
Hypercallia heterochroma, new species
FIGURE 26; PLATE 3h.
Alar expanse 19-21 mm.
Labial palpus yellow; second segment edged with
brown anteriorly, in distal half, and apically; third
segment buff with sparse carmine scaling anteriorly.
Antenna pale yellow; basal seventh with blackish
fuscous, dorsoanterior longitudinal line; beyond this
faintly marked fuscous and remainder blackish
fuscous annulated; at basal two fifths a few carmine
spots. Head yellow with light carmine blotch pos-
teriorly. Thorax brown with large black spot pos-
teriorly; tegula edged outwardly with yellow and
carmine scales. Ground color of forewing brown
sparsely irrorate pale yellow; base of costa and two
triangular spots, one at basal third, the second at
two thirds of costa, yellow; apex from coastal four
fifths to vein 4, yellow; around apex to vein 5, a
slender, broken, brown line; costa brown mixed with
scarlet, where ground color intrudes between the
yellow costal markings; these markings edged scarlet;
from the yellow costal mark at basal third a zigzag
scarlet mark extends to middle of wing; on dorsum
an inwardly curved scarlet mark extends from basal
fifth to near middle; beyond end of cell a large oval
scarlet blotch, with a conspicuous, transverse, nar-
row series of black scales, extends to tornus; at basal
third, in cell, a conspicuous fuscous-edged white
spot; at end of cell a very small, ill-defined whitish
spot; cilia from apex to vein 4, yellow, remainder
brown. Hindwing yellowish white, basally shading
to grayish then pink toward termen; costa and apex
gray; cilia mixed pale yellow and gray. Foreleg
femur and tibia ocherous white, the tibia scarlet on
outer side; tarsal segments pale yellow; first tarsal
segment scarlet on outer side; midleg pale yellow to
ocherous white; hindleg ocherous white. Abdomen
ocherous white suffused pale grayish dorsally.
Male genitalia slide JFGC 12086. Harpe simple,
broadest before middle; sacculus sharply angulate;
cucullus, narrow, truncate. Gnathos a wide, trans-
verse, oval spined knob. Uncus broad, stout, ter-
minating in a small, sparsely setose protuberance.
Vinculum a moderately broad band, considerably
widened at middle. Tegumen wide, short, constricted
posteriorly. Anellus subrectangular, deeply excavate
posteriorly, and with a large, fleshy, setose lobe on
each side posteriorly. Aedeagus stout, nearly straight,
narrowed distally; vesica armed with one strong,
thornlike cornutus.
Female genitalia slide JFGC 12087. Ostium cup
shaped. Genital plate wide, moderately sclerotized.
Antrum greatly swollen, very lightly sclerotized. In-
ception of ductus seminalis lateral and slightly an-
terior to antrum. Ductus bursae membranous but
showing some slightly thickened longitudinal stria-
tions. Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum a tiny
sclerotized thornlike plate.
HOLOTYPE.?USNM 71103.
TYPE LOCALITY.?Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho
Grande, 1100 m.
DISTRIBUTION.?Venezuela.
Described from the cT holotype (July 22-31,
1967) and one $ para type from the same locality
(June 22-30, 1967), both collected by R. W. Poole.
I have placed this species in Hypercallia tem-
porarily so that it can be associated with its nearest
relative miltopa, the latter already assigned to that
genus. Eventually miltopa, heterochroma, and their
congeners will be placed in a new genus.
26b
FIGURE 26.?Hypercallia heterochroma, new species, a, ventral view of male genitalia with left
harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia with bursa
copulatrix to left.
38 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Although very closely related to miltopa, hetero-
chroma can be distinguished easily by its scarlet
blotches on the forewing and the absence of the
large, white discal dash found in miltopa.
Genus Phytomimia Walsinghani
Phytomimia chlorophylla Walsingham
Phytomomia chlorophylla Walsingham, 1912:134.
Phytomimia silvicolor Meyrick, 1932:279. (New synonymy).
I have examined Meyrick's type of silvicolor in the
Naturhistorisches Museum, in Vienna, and Walsing-
ham's type of chlorophylla in the British Museum
(Natural History) The genitalia of the types, and
additional material before me from Mexico and
Costa Rica, all agree.
TYPES.?British Museum (Natural History)
(chlorophylla) ; Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna
(silvicolor).
TYPE LOCALITIES.?Mexico, Guerrero, Venta de
Zopilote (chlorophylla); Panama, Lino, 2,650 feet
(815 m) (silvicolor).
DISTRIBUTION.?Mexico, Guatemala, Panama.
Literature Cited
Busck, August
1914. New Genera and Species of Microlepioptera from
Panama. Proceedings of the United States Na-
tional Museum, 47:1-67.
Clarke, J. F. Gates
1951. The Moths of the Genus "Coptotelia" Zeller. De
Ada Zoologica Lilloana, 11:335-352, plates 1-5.
1963. Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Microle-
pidoptera in the British Museum (Natural His-
tory) described by Edward Meyrick, 4:1-521,
plates 1?252. London, England. British Museum
(Natural History).
Forbes, Wm. T. M.
1931. Supplementary Report on the Heterocera or Moths
of Porto Rico. The Journal of the Department of
Agriculture of Porto Rico, 4:339-394, plates
42-47.
Gaede, M.
1939. In Bryk, Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Oecophoridae.
92:209-476. 's-Gravenhage: W. Junk.
Meyrick, E.
1912. XXX. Descriptions of South American Micro-
Lepidoptera. Transactions of the Entomological
Society of London, 1911:673-718.
1916. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 1:547-577. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1921. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 2:385-400. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1922. In Wytsman, Genera Insectorum. Lepidoptera
Heterocera. Oecophoridae, 180:1-200, plates 1-6.
1924. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:97-112. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1926. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:305-320. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1930. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3:561-576. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1931. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:113-128. Taylor and
Francis. London.
1932. Exotic Microlepidoptera, 4:273-288. Taylor and
Francis. London.
Walsingham, Lord (Thomas de Grey)
1909- In Godman and Salvin, Biologia Centrali-Ameri-
1915. cana 42. {Lepidoptera-Heterocera, 4) :i-xii, 1-24
(1909); 25-40 (1910); 41-112 (1911; 113-168
(1912); 169-224 (1913); 225-392 (1914); 393-
482 (1915); figures 1-30, plates 1-10. London.
Warren, William
1889. VIII. On the Pyralidina Collected in 1874 and
1875 by Dr. J. W. H. Trail in the Basin of the
Amazons. Transactions of the Entomological So-
ciety of London, 1889:227-295.
NUMBER 95 39
Paper
I, II
III
IV
V
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VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
Author
Clarke
Clarke
Duckworth
Obraztsov
Clarke
Obraztsov
Duckworth
Obraztsov
Duckworth
Obraztsov
Duckworth
Duckworth
Clarke
Duckworth
Clarke
Clarke
XVIII Duckworth
Neotropical Microlepidoptera Series
in Proceedings of the United States National Museum
(Papers are prepared with the aid of National Science Foundation Grants.)
Subject Year
Blastodacnidae and Aegeriidae
Gonionota melobaph.es and relatives
A new genus of Stenomidae
The tortricid genus Proeulia
The genera Orsotricha and Palinorsa
The tortricid genus Pseudomeritastis
The stenomid genus Falculina
The tortricid genus Pseudatteria
Taxa erroneously placed in Stenomidae
The tortricid genus Idolatteria
The stenomid genus Lethata
The stenomid genus Loxotoma
Chilean Microlepidoptera described by Blanchard
The stenomid genus Thioscelis
New species of Oecophoridae
New species of Phaloniidae
in Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
Oecophorid genus Peleopoda 1970
Volume Number
1962
1964
1964
1964
1964
1966
1966
1966
1966
1966
1967
1967
1967
1967
1968
1968
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125
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48
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