AiiPHIBIA.NS AfJD REPTILES; PREDATORS AilD PREYAMPHIBIANS AND BIRDSby Willian-L E. CookColumbia Greene Community CollegeBIBLIOGRAPHY OF HERPETOLOG ICAL REFERENCESIN AUSTRALIAN ORNITHOLOGICAL JOURNALS r-sT^^^TViY)by Glenn M. Shea iK':-t irregularis : 200in previously occupied Cecro_gis nij';ricans nesthollow 391f Boiga irrefflilaris | : predation on eggs/chicks of Aplonis metallica ( 44 L ) "wood-adder" [gecko?) 508[ Dendrelaphis punctulatus 1 : 412attempted predation by Dacelo ^i.g_as 333defence of nest by Sphecotheres viridis 42diet birds and frogs (37)predation by Falco berigora 150Halcyon macleayii 252Haliastur indus 37predation on [ Lit oria caerul^ea] 393Tree snakes: eat eggs and young birds (376)predation by Aviceda subcris tata 329probably inhabit Cecropi.s nigricans nest hollows 439Crocodiles41, 215, 254, 264, 335, 384, 521general observations on eggs 440native naine 254nesting record, nest dimensions, clutch size 336vocalisations 335, 336watched by Casuarius casuarius 108Crocodylus johnstoni : 342predation on Psitteuteles versicolor 66[ Crocodylus porosus ] : specimen estimated length 5m 336female in wallow beside nest mound 360Early collections of reptiles 12, 138, 159, 445, 523, 524E lap ids''predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 347Acanthophis antarcticus : 54, 132, 299, 475erythrocyte, nucleus size 140[ Acanthophis antarcticus I : 124, 246Austrelaps superbus : 206, 433dead on beach after bushfire 494possible predator of eggs/chicks 206predation by Falco berigora 446[ Austrelaps superbus ] : behaviour 509habitat 399predation by Dacelo gigas 352Cacophis sguamulosus : 192Cryptophis nigrescens : erythrocyte size 140[ Cryptophis nigrescens /Pseudechis porphyriacus ? ] : 258in Alectura lathaminest mounds 175[ Demansia atra ] : 508[ Demansia psammophis ] : predation by Strepera graculma 217[ Demansia psammophis /Cacophis sguamulosus ? 1 : 258Drysdalia coronoides : 413, 433predation by Falco beri gora 446Drysdalia coronata : 473[ Drysdalia coronata ] : 298[ Hemiaspis signata ) : predation by Lichenostomus chrysops 468Notechis ater : 4, 163, 165, 413, 476, 477, 489, 493 habitat preferences on islands 165predation by Falco berigora 446predation on Puffinus tenLdrost_ri_s chicks/ej';f';s 489, 493probable predation ou eggs/chLcks of Eud ypl:i.ila mi_nor 49oseabird chicks L63mice 163[Notechis aterj: 488, 495abundance 128ate dead froj^s, previously eviscerated by Porphy rioporphyi'io 186behaviour 509, 530coloration 455habitat 183, 186no evidence of predation on Morus serrator chicks 488on small isolated offshore rock outcrop with Larusnovaehollandiae rookery 346predation on adult Pelagodroma manna 530Puffinus tenu irostris chicks/egjjs 118small skinks 118Til iqua nigro lutea 118possible predator of eggs/chicks 118size 455Notechis scutatus : 72, 74, 141, 364behaviour 461coloration 461erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480no evidence of local interference with nesting birds389possible predator of birds 141predation by Falco berigora 446domestic cat 417[ Notechis scutatus ] : arboreal activity 164, 282, 513"charming" birds 14coiled in nest of Cecropis ariel 79Merops ornatus 310possible predator of bird eggs/chicks 60swimming and diving 419Oxyuranus scutellatus : 54, 58[Oxyuranus scutellatus] : collection of type of 0. maclennani 279, 508predation on dasyurid 279Pseudechis australis : 132Pseudechis papuanus : 54Pseudechis porphyriacus : 253, 364erythrocyte, nucleus size 140increase in abundaince after cyclone 311male combat? 231mating season 231native name 253predation by Botaurus poicilopti lus 231Falco berigora 446predation on frogs 392[ Pseudechis porphyriacus ]: 51, 100, 124, 179, 458basking behaviour 103"hypnotising" Rhipidura leucophrys 251possible predator of Coturnix australis eggs51predation by Accipiter fasciatus 329Egretta intermedia 199Erythrotriorchis radiatus 328Falco cenchroides 150 predation on bird eggs/chicks (170)blackfish ( Gadopsis marmoratus )103eels 3L6Pseudonaja al'f inis : 4, 299, 452[Fseudonaja nuchal is ] : 132Pseudonaja textUis : 132, 364killed by traffic 480predation by Falco berig'ora 408, 446Threskiornis molucca 386predation on fledgling Poephila guttata in aviary26chick of Malurus cyaneus 487lizards 26possible predation on Burhinus magniros tris eggs52possible predator of iMalurus cyaneus 422size 461stolen from Hieraaetus morphnoides by Falcosubniger 153[ Pseudonaja textilis ] : 289, 421attempted predation by Larus novaeho llaiidiao 33behaviour 409climbed low bush 125harassed by Gymnorhina tibice n 378induced threat display by C^iriclosorna c^s t_anoJ" urn"241nest defence by Halcyon sancta 377predation by Aguila audax 172predation on chicks of Malurus cyaneus 125Pardalotus striatus 22hen eggs 315[ Pseudonaja sp.j: predation by Haliastur sphenurus 75[ Tropidechis carinatus /Notechis scutatus ] : 258[ Vermicella annulata] : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Frogs255, 473calling during eclipse 479cannibalism (311)invaded Acrocephalus stentoreus nest 216parasitism by fly larvae (109)predation by: Ardea novaehollandi ae (20, 213)Ardea pacif ica 67 , 237Botaurus poiciloptilus 203, 496 (396)Burhinus magnirostris 52Casuarius casuarius 13Chlidonias hybrida 72, 350Dacelo gigas 106, 304, 397Egretta alba (358)Falco cenchroides 498Gymnorhina tibicen 414Halcyon pyrrhopygia 304Halcyon sancta 260Ixobrychus minutus (362)Nycticorax caledonicus 61, (358)Phalacrocorax spp. 167 (359, 464)Plegadis falcinellus 36Podargus strigoides 418, (415)Psophodes olivaceus 304Rallina tricolor (348) - 29 -Rail us pectoralis 303Rallus philippensis 303Stre??-LC?. versicolor 305Threskiorn is spi.nicoIiis (21)Thresk io rnis sp. 237Tyto alba 41, 511Xenorhynchus asiatj^us 76Aru Is natives 514predation on tadpoles by: Ardea novaehollandiae 306 (20)Chlidonias hybrida 72, 350Egretta alba 351Ixobrychus minutus 160Merops ornatus 497Nycticorax caledonicus 228Phalacrocorax melanoleiicos 78Phalacrocorax sulcirostris 78Porzana fluminea 99Porzana pus 11 la (23)Rallma tricolor (348)Threskiornis molucca (449)Crinia sign ifera : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Cyclorana austral is : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Heleioporus eyrei : predation by Ardea novaeliollandi ae 450[ Limnodynastes dumerilii ] : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480Limnodynastes fletcheri : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140[ Limnodynastes interioris | : 132Limnodynastes peronii : predation by cat 417[ Limnodynastes tasmaniensis ] : 132Litoria spp.: eaten by captive Halcyon macleayii chicks 478Litoria bicolor : predation by Centropus phasianinus 345Litoria caerulea : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480predation by Colluricincla harmonica 227kitten died after eating one 227[L itoria caerulea ] : 342invaded nests of Cecropis nigricans 39, 439Halcyon macleayi 147predation by Dacelo ^igas 393Dendrelaphis punctulatus 393Podargus strigoides 39predation on Megalurus gramineus 190mouse 388[ Litoria caerulea/ in frafrenat a ) : edibility to humans 512Litoria citropa : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140[ Litoria cyclorhynchus /moorei | : predation by Ardea novaehollandiae 431Litoria raniformis : mass breeding after rain 232invasion of nests of Megalurus gramineus 232Acrocephalus stentoreus 232[ Litoria raniformis ] : 513predation by Chlidonias hybrida 73spawn, frogs eaten by Porphyrio porphyrio 97Litoria rubella : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140predation by Centropus phasianinus 345Pseudophryne bibroni : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Uperoleia sp. : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Geckos300, 435eaten by captive Halcyon macleayi chicks 478predation by Coturnix ypsilophorus 215 - 30 -Halcyon sancta 30shelter in Melopsi ttacus undulatus nesting holes 425vocalisation 336ChiJJsJrAnus gjJenth_eri: eryt hrot:yte size 140Christ mus marmoratus : 163, 193, 475Diplodactylus e Lderi: predation by FiJ_l_co cenchro ide^s 395f Gehyra dub la ] : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Gehyra variegata : 132, 526erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Hemidactylus frenatus : predation by Ninox sguamipila natalis 262[ Heteronoti a binoei] : predation by hawks (256)Lucas ium damaeum: 526Nephrurus sp. : predation by Ardeotis australis 303Underwood isaurus milii : 332, 475Hydrophiids (incl. laticaudids)263, 341, 385, 514predation by HaXlas_tur Indus 37Haliaeetus leucoj^aster 124, 148, 215, 303, 312, 341, 441518, 527, (110)mongoose (403)[ Laticauda colubrina ] : predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 307terrestrial activity 307Lizards5, 54, 68, 94, 98, 165, 177, 205, 223, 243, 245, 246, 293, 295, 298,314, 407, 410, 452, 467, 471, 485, 514attempted predation by Accipiter sp. 249Pitta versicolor 401destroy eggs of Barnardius barnard i (361)eggs in disused Lophoict inia isura nest 335nest defence by Drymodes brunneopygia 242parasitism by fly larvae (109)predation by Accipiter cirrhocephalus 69, (112)Accipiter fasciatus (131)Accipiter novaehollandiae 248Accipiter sp. 351Aquila audax 180, 194, 256Ardea ibis coromandus 235Ardea novaehollandiae 351Ardeotis australis (65)Burhi nus magnirostri s 52Centropus phasianinus 345 , 349Circus aeruginosus (101, 438)Circus assimilis 114, (38, 59, 108, 113, 303)Colluricmcla harmonica 114, 215Coracina novaehollandiae 350Corvus coronoides 215Corvus sp. 127Cracticus nigrogularis 208Cracticus quoyi quoyi 236Cracticus torquatus 211, 470 ? Dacelo gigas 214, 222, 233, 249, 304, 397, (17, 423)Dacelo leachii (210)El anus notatus 28, 351, (329, 462)Eopsaltria australis 320Falco berigora 13, 24, 32, 41, 215, 382, 510, (59, 112,150, 437, 515)Falco cenchroides 64, 196, 247, 312, 371, 436, 459, 460,485, (129, 131, 367, 467)Falco hypoleucos 303 Gvmnorhina tibicen 18, 414Halcyon chloris (381)Halcyon macleayi i ( 34 , 4B5 ) Halcyon ^yrrhogygia 280, 333, 349, 429, 520Halcyon sancta 187, 240, 349, 416, (101, 129)Haliastuj; .indus 55Haliastur sptienurus (367)Hieraaetus morphnoides 156, 398, (38, 112, 367)kingfishers (332)Lophoictinia isura 127Milvus mp^rans (215, 367)Pomatostomus temporalis 456Ptilonorhynchus violaceus 454Strepera gracul ina 405Strepera versicolor 219S turnus vulgaris 204Syma torotoro 335, 344, (338)Tanysiptera ^aleat a minor 57Tanysiptera sylvia (198)Turdus meru la 96Tyto novaehollandiae (116)European man (123)rats on Lord Howe I (221)predation on nestling Anthus novaeseelandiae (71)presiimed predation by Ardea novaehol landiae 485probably inhabit Cecrq2is nigricans nest hollows 439shed skins used for nest decoration by Monarcha trivirgatus (309)stolen from Falco cenchroides by Haliastur sphenurus 247Myths, Legends and Stories 162, 322Non-bird predatorscat: predation on Leiolopisma sp. 417Limnodynastes peronii 417Litoria caerulea 227Notech is scutatus 417Tiliqua scincoides 417skinks 417crabs ( Ocypoda ceratophthalma) : predation on hatchling turtles 318fox; predation on hatchling turtles 318man: predation on f Litoria caerulea/ infrafrenata ] 512[ Morelia spilota variegata ] (123)frogs 514hatchling turtles 432lizards (123)mongoose: disappearance of land snakes in Fiji followed introduction403predation on sea snakes (403)rat: exterminated lizards on Lord Howe I (221)Pygopodids435predation by Hieraaetus morphno ides 387Lialis burtonis : 288, 463predation by Falco cenchroides (451)Pygopus lepidopodus : 132Reptiles486not a major portion of diet of Falco subniger 153predation by Accipiter fasciatus (369) - 32 -Aviceda subcristata (323)Circus assimi Lis 76Falco beriRora (370)Falco ccrichroj_de5 (126, 130, 132, 370:^Falco hypoleucos (370)Hieraaetus mo rphnoides (369)Haliastur splienurus 151, (369)use bird nest, inp; cavities in termiLe mounds 224Skinks91, 92, 93, 137, 283, 285, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 364, 366,435predation by Cract icus torguatus 301, 484Dacelo gigas 222Elanus notatus 154, 244Falco berigora 153Falco cenchroides 150, 154, 244Halcyon macleayii 135, 478Hieraeetus morphno ides 157Lophoictinia isura 226Notechis ater 118Sturnus vul>^'aris 469feral cat 417predation on nestling Collocalia spodiopygia 444protected by Chatham Island natives 181Anomalopus verreauxii : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140[ Cryptoblepharus carnabyi l : predation by Falco cenchroides 64Cryptob lepharus sp. : eaten by captive Halcyon macleayii chicks 478predation by Centropus phasianlnus 345[ Ctenotus fallens ] : predation by Falco cenchroides (451)Ctenotus labillardiori : 474,475Ctenotus regius : predation by Artaraus cinereus 230[Ctenotus robustus ] : erythrocyte size 140predation by Falco cenchroides 64Ctenotus taeniolatus : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140predation by Falco cenchroides 395Ctenotus taen iolat us'l': predation from shelter sites by Crjicticustorguatus 365Egernia cunninghami : 400killed by traffic 480predation by Hieraaetus morptinoides 156Egernia kingii : 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 193, 283, 284, 293, 294, 295, 296,297, 298, 299, 435, 443, 452, 473, 474, 475basking 435increased hatching success for Larus novaeho 1 1 and j aoeggs in areas without E. kingii 163inhabit Puffinus pacificus burrows 466omn ivory 466predation on eggs of Anous stolidus 466Eudyptula minor 284, 435Larus novaehollandiae 163Larus pacificus 466Phaethon rubricauda 466Sterna fuscata 466probable predator of bird eggs 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 283,293, 294, 443[ Egernia kingii ] : cannot climb mangroves 525predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 434predation on chicks/adults of Anous stolidus 524, 525Sterna fuscata 525probable predator of bird eggs/chicks 424 - 33 -E>?ernia mul t iscutata : 5possible predator of bird eggs 5[E^ernia multiscutata ] : predatiori by Falco beri>^ora ;J03KiJ^:i:n_Lf' napoieonLs: lOIi, 47:i, 474, 475Egernia st no lata : erythrocyte size 140l?er_n_La wiLi_tU: 74, 83, 402, 413, 493erythrocyte size 140Egernia sp. : 191, 290Eremiascincus fasc i olatus : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Hemiergis peronii : 193, 475Lampropholis guichenoti : predation by Fal,co cenchro ides 395Lichenostomus penicillatus 468[ Leiolopisma/ Lamprophol IS sp. ] : attempted predation by Gralli nacyanoleuca 62PasserdomesJ-Lcus 62predation by Pardalotus str latus 56Leiolopisma lichenigermn: erythrocyte size 140Leiol o pisina duperreyi : predation by Falco cenchro idcs 395, 416[ Leiolopisma duperreyi I : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Leio Lopisma ent recasteauxii : 433habitat 433Leiolopisma metaUicura: 83, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 95, 380, 413, 504[ Leiolopisma nigriplantare | : diet ejected stomach oil of youngalbatrosses 181Leiolopisma ocellatum : 82Leiolopisma palfreymani : 84Leiolopisma pretiosum : 85, 331, 380, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506I Leiolopisma suteri | : habitat 394predation by Halcyon sancta 394Leiolopisma sp. : 374predation by Falco berigora 416domestic cat 417Lerista elegans : 259[ Lerista picturata edwardsae] : predation by Falco beri gora 303Morethia boulengeri : predation by Falco cenchro ides 395[ Morethia boulengeri 1 : 132, 133Morethia lineoocellata : 163predation by Falco cenchroi des (451)Morethia obscura : 259Sa iphos equalis : killed but not eaten by Strepera graculina 416f Sphenomorphus heatwolei | : 372Sphenomorphus guoyii : 286, 291predation by Strepera graculina 144[ Sphenomorphus quoyii 1 : attacking nestling Cuculus pyrrhophanus inSericornis frontal is nest 120Sphenomorphus tympanum : predation by Halcyon sancta 143Sphenomorphus sp. : 49, 50, 197, 287, 289f Sphenomorphus sp. ] : attacked fledgling Cuculus sp. in Sericornisfrontalis nest 355erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Tiliqua casuarinae : 83Tiliqua nigrolutea : predation on Puffinus tenuirostri s chicks/eggs 489,493probable predator of eggs/chicks of Eudyptula minor493[ Tiliqua nigrolutea ) : predation by Notechis ater 118potential predator of bird eggs/ chicks 118Tiliqua rugosa : 29, 409, 473call of red quail said by local residents to be matingcall 368 - 34 -?frequent apiaries, eating wax fragments and honey 406invaded Sericornis cautus tiest 453killed by traffic 480predation by Aguila audax 195, 312Dacclo g.xiia.s 428stomach contents 453[ Tili qua rugosa l : fighting between males 243found under bushes 142herbivory 333introduced to Kangaroo I. 495mating season 333pairing during mating season 333possible vector for olive seeds 139predation by Aguila audax 333, (256)Falco berigora (256)Hieraaetus morphnoides 367Tiliqua scincoides : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480predation by Anthochaera chrysoptera 468Aguila audax 195, 522Hieraaetus morphnoides 156Haliastur sphenurus 155Sphecotheres viridis 468Strepera graculina 144domestic cat 417Tiliqua sp.: habitat 483[ Tiliqua sp.]: 194, 421predation on chicks of Sericornis fuliginosus 121induced warning call by Eopsaltria australis 77Snakes10, 107, 113, 122, 145, 166, 178, 185, 225, 246, 290, 293, 300, 357,410, 452, 457, 486, 514disappearance of land snakes in Fiji followed introduction of mongoose403frequency of road kills 161in nest of Pardalotus punctat us 182induced threat display by Cinclosoma castanotum 420induced warning call by Eopsaltria australis 77mobbing by birds 107, 388not eaten by captive Aguila audax 180predation by Accipiter fasciatus 27Aguila audax 244Centropus menbeki menbeki 235Circus aerugi nosus 134Circus assimilis (38)Cracticus nigrogularis . 208, (329)Cracticus torquatus 211Cracticus sp. 63Dacelo gigas 149, 158, 233, 234, 308, 352, 379, 411, 416,423, (17)Dacelo leachi i 238, (210)Falco berigora 38, 47, 108, 116, 150, 153, 184, 303, 329,383, 500Falco cenchroides 31, (129)Halcyon macleayii 472Haliastur sphenurus 80, 148, 155, 313captive Haliaeetus leucogaster 179Hieraaetus morphnoides 448kingfishers (332)Milvus migrans HI, 317 ^ 35 -Pandion haliaetus 49Lunidentified hawk 48predation on egjjs of Larus novaehol landiae 499possible pfc-dat ion by Tyto alba 51Jshed skin used for nest lining by Climacteris picumnus 507, 508Poephiia acuL icauchi 215Ptiloris paradiseus 15, 128PtiJoris victoriae 253Ptiloris spp. 40shed skin used for bower decoration by Ptilonorhynchus vio laceus 257,258, 356stolen from hawk by Dacelo gigas 48Falco berigora by Falco lon^ipennis 184Tortoises29predation by Accipiter novaehol landiae (264)Haliaeetus leucogaster 67, 82, (215)Halias tur sphenurus 239Phalacrocorax sp. (359)Phalacrocorax melanoleucos (19)Chelodina longicollis : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480overland movement to nest 480predation by Anhin ga inejjl'iogias^cr 481Aquila audax 82Haliaeetus leucogaster 416, 527Haliastur sphenurus 155Phalacrocorax carbo (169)Chelodina 'I' longicollis : predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 529[ Chelodina longicollis ] : predation by Phalacrocorax sp. 167[ Chelodina oblonga l : 427Elseya '^ latisternura : predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 529Emydura krefftii : erythrocyte, nucleus size 140Emydura "^macquari i: predation by Haliaeetus leucogaster 529Tuatara ( Sphenodon punctatus )changes in abundance 101in burrow of Pterodroma macroptera 101Puffinus bulleri 174island densities 102predation on Puffinus bulleri 174Turtles171, 514nesting records 44, 146, 173, 176, 272, 334, 336, 341, 432, 490, 517decline in nesting on Michaelmas Cay 268general observations on eggs 440on-beach activity by young but non-neonate turtles 343turtle processing factories 44, 341predation on eggs by Rallus philippensis 490predation on hatchlings by Falco cenchroides 318Haliastur Indus 318Haliastur sphenurus 318Larus novaehollandiae 318Nycticorax caledonicus (337, 490)crabs ( Ocypoda ceratophthalma ) 318foxes 318aborigines 432scavenging of dead turtle by Haliaeetus leucogaster 340Caretta caretta: clutch sizes 318 - 36 -nesting records 263, 318, 341Chelonia depressa: clutch sizes 318nesting records 271, 318, (269)Chelqnia mydas: clutch sizes 318iu;sting records 263, 266, 267, 269, 270, 273, 27-1, 276277, 278, 318, 319, 341, 343, 432, 492Erelmoche Lys imbricate: nesting records 269, 271, 275, (,265)TyphlopidsRamphotyphlops bi tuberculatus 132Varan ids54, 137, 364, 412, 486basking in shallow water near Rostatula benghalens is nest 330climbing abilities 390digging into Alectura lathami nest mound 329disused burrows provide shelter for young Stiltia Isabella (339)emerged from Megapodius freycinet nest 527harrassment/nest defence by Anthochaera chrysoptera 207Ceyx azureiLs. (430)Dacelo gigas 375Eurystomus orientalis 327Falco cenchroides 202Gymnorhi na tibicen 202Halcyon inacleayii 329Hjllcyon sanct_a (430)Malurus lambert i 324Manor ina sp. 202induces specific warning call by Eopsaltria australis 77Manorina melanocephala 105Strepera graculina 105Strepera versicolor 105native name 254predation by Accipiter cirrhocephalus 338, 508Aquila audax 229Dacelo leachii 508Haliaaetus leucogaster 354aboriginals 38predation on eggs and nestlings of Alectura lathami (335)Halcyon pyrrhopygia (70)Halcyon sancta (170)Origma sol itaria (218)Passer domes ticus 202Plegadis falcinc llus (36)Rallina tricolor (335)Sericornis citreogiilaris (353)Talegalla fuscirostris (55)Turnix olivei 508predation on nesting Pardalotus striatus (326)probable predator of Coturni x pectoralis 170Coturnix ypsilophorus 170young Melanodryas cucullat a 170tracks entering rabbit warrens 419Varanus gouldii : 132erythrocyte, nucleus size 140killed by traffic 480predation by Aquila audax 180[ Varanus indicus ) : 514predation on eggs/chicks of Aplonis metal lica (441)[Varanus rosenbergi 1 : 473, 495length, clutch size, edibility 455 Varanus varius: 37harassment/nest defence by Myla^ra inquieta 516Oreoica gu_ttuTali_s 35predation oti eggs of Acanthiza apicali s 117Coturnix pectorjiLis iiOLlsoaking in water in hot weather L36threatens survival of Kangaroo Island intiKanodes495132, 133, 220, 285, 287, 392approach to Aguila audax nest made sitting bird nervousL80ate coarse salt 256dived into river, climbed tree 45enter rabbit warrens 256erythrocyte, nucleus size 140harassment by Cracticus torguatus 256Dacelo gigas 129killed by traffic 480predation by Aguila audax 195predation on Aegotheles cristatus 81Podargus strigoides nestlings 281Psophodes olivaceus chick 201bird nesting in termite mound 224rabbits 480, (256)probably destroyed Chlamydera maculata nest 256probable predator of eggs/chicks of Pu f finus pacif icus285Puf finus grise us 285Varanus varius ] : 119, 209arboreal activity 376ate dead dolphin 170dead Sericornis frontal is chick 250digging into Alectura lathami nest mounds 249, 261predation on eggs/chicks (376)^small Varanus sp.?]: predation by Falco hypoleucos 152LOCALITY INDEXAustralian Capital TerritoryBlack Mountain Reserve: [ L ampropholis /Leiolopisma sp. ] 56"Gungahlin": Pseudonaja text ills 422New South WalesAlidade Hill: Varanus varius 281Armidale: Chelodina longicollis , Tiligua scincoides 154Armidale district: Amphibolurus inuricatus, Egernia cunninghami , Tiliguascin coides 156Barellan: Gehyra variegata , [ Limnodynast es interioris j , Limnodynastestasmaniensis , [ Morethia boulengeri ] , Pogona barbata , Pseudechisaustralis, [ Pseudonaja nucha li s] , Pseudonaja textilis , Pygopuslepidopodus , Rampho typhi ops bituberculatus , Varanus gouldii , Varanusvarius 132Barrallier: [ Pseudonaja textilis ] 125Barrier Range: [ Pogona sp.], [ Tiligua rugosa ] 333Bega: [ Chelodina longicollis ] 167"Belltrees", Scone: [ Notechis scutatus ] 310Belowla I.: Sphenomorphus guoyii: [286], 291Big I., Five Is. group: Sphenomorphus sp. 197Big (Boondelbah) I.: small lizard 245Binya, 16mi W Barellan: Acanthophis an t arc t icus 132Bird I.: no lizards seen 223Blacktown: [ Pseudonaja textilis ] : 22Bobbin Head: Saiphos egual is, snake 416 Bowen I.: E^^'erni a sp. 290B rough ton [.; Pseudoriaja text il ls , S?!ienoino_rg^iuG sp. 289Brundee Swamp, nr Nowra: Pseudechis porphynacus 231"Rundvui uinb lah" , WarDV-irn-lJ a: [ Varanua s-.p . \ 229Buriga, between Berniagui and Tathra: |. Pseudechis pofphyri acus | , ! Varanusyarius] 170Buttai: Varanus varius 261Cabbage Tree I.: Cacophis sguaniuLosus 192, small lizard 245, snakes notknown 225Cambo Cambo: [Heterono tia binoei?) , [ Morelia spilota variegata ] , [ Tiliqua rugosaj , Varanus varius 256Casino: f Pendrelaphis punctulatus) 252Cattai to Colo: [ Physignathus lesueurii 1 354Chichester: Lit oria caerulea 227Clarence R. : [ Pseudechis porphynacus 1 251Daiigar I.: small lizards 405Faulconbridge: Morelia spilota spilota 404Flinders Islet, Five Is. group: Sphenomorphus sp. 49Gardiners Ck: Underwood isaurus milii 332Gloucester: Chelodina longicollis, Phys ignathus les_ueui^i_i , cnakc 416Grafton: f Pendrelaphis punctulatus | , [ Litoria caerulea ] 393Ivanhoe: Ctenotus regi^us 230Lake Cowal: Chelodina longicollis 481, No tech is scutatus , Varanusvarius 482Lake Gol Gol/Flelchers Lake: Litoria raniformis 232Lion I.: Physignathus lesueurii 285, 287, 366, Sphenoniorplius spp. 287,Varanus varius 285, 287, small skinks 366, three spp. skinks 285Lismore: f Hemiaspis signata ] , f Lampropholis guichenoti | , Tiliquascincoides 468Little Murray R. , Dorrigo: small grey frog 255MacDonald R. : [ Pseudechis porphyriacus ] 103Macquarie Marshes: tortoises 82Martin Islet, Five Is. group: Sphenomorphus sp. 50Mernot: [ Physi gnathus l esueurii '^] 249, [ Varanus varius | 249, 250upper Middle Harbour: [ Demansia psammophis ) 217Montaglie I.: Egernia sp. 191Moree: [ Litoria caerulea ] 388Muttonbird I.: Li ali s burtonis , Physigna thus lesueurii 463Ourimbah: [ Physignathus lesueurii 1 16Peak Hill district: [ More thia boulengeri] , Pogona barba ta, Varanusvarius 133Pilliga Scrub: [ Morelia spilo ta variegata] , Varanus sp. 137Pitt Town common: [ Pseudona.ja textilis ] 386Royal National Park: [ Physi gnathus lesueurii ] , [Varanus sp. ] 375South Solitary I.: Lialis burtonis 288St Marys: [ Varanus varius ] 119Tollgate Is.: Sphenomorphus heatwolei 372Tumbarumba: Varanus varius 129Wahroonga: Leiolopi sma spp. , Limnodynastes peronii , Notechis scuta tus,Tiliqua scincoides 417, lizard 416Wallis Lake: [Varanus varius] 201, 224Waterfall: Ctenotus taeniolatus 365, Varanus varius 220West Wyalong: Pseudona.ja textilis 153Woolner's Swamp: [ Notechis scutatus ] 72Northern TerritoryMacarthur R. : crocodiles common 41Maryvale: Nephrurus sp. 303Palm Valley: lizard 520Victoria River Downs Station: Crocodylus johnstoni, tortoises, frogs 67Wickham R. : Crocodylus Johnstoni 66Queensland "Alice Downs", Blackail: | Pogona sp. j , | Tiligua sp.] 194Archer H. : i Acrochordus arafurae | 336Ashmore Banks: Chelonia mydas 273upper Barr-oo K. : j l-'op;orici sp. | 11Bedarra I.: skmks 444Blackail Ran^e: [Varanus variusj 376Brisbane: Ajiiphibolurus sp. 53Byfield: Chlaniydosaurus kin p.ij. 46, [Pseudechis porphyriacus ) 124, I" Varanus sp. ] 527Cairns: [ Litoria caerulea] 147Capricorn group: [ Chelonia mydas I 343, snakes absent 166, sea snakes110, turtle 340Cardwell: Varanus varius 81Cardwell district: [Dendrelaphis punct ulat us] 42Charters Towers: [ Pseudechis porphyriacus ] 316Claremont Point: turtle eggs 334Claudie R. : [ Morelia spilota variegata ] , crocodile, [gecko] 336Coen district: [Boiga irregularis | , [ Chondropython vi_r i_dis 1 , lOfMnEinsiaatra ] , [ Morelia spilota variegata l , goannas 508, [ Oxyuranusscutellatus] 279, 508Combe I. : turtles 272Compigne I.: Varanus gouldii 373Cumberland Is.: [ Dendrelaphis punctulatus ] , [ Morelia spilotavariegata ] , goannas 412Dalby: Chelodina '^longicollis, Elseya ^la_tis_r.ern_ujn, Emydurn ''niacryiafi I530Davie Cay: Chelonia mydas , Eretmochelys imbricata , possibly Chelon.ijidepressa 269Dunk I.: [Pseudonaja text i l is ] 315, [Dendrelaphis punctulatus] , seasnsikes 37, lizards 34Erskine I.: turtles 44Fraser I.: lizards, snakes 410Gladstone: [ Litoria caerulea ] 39, 439Gracemere: Chelodina longicollis 527Granite Ck, Atherton Shire: frogs 76Heron I.: Caretta caretta , Chelonia mydas , sea snakes 263, [ Cheloniamydas ] 341, turtles 44, 146, 173Inghajn: [ Litoria caerulea ) 190Innisfail: [Pseudechis porphyriacus] 199islands off Whitsunday Passage: snakes 357Jandowae: [Bolga irregularis ] 391Lady Elliott I.: nesting turtle 176Lady Musgrave I.: sea snakes, turtles 341Lake Sanamere: crocodiles 335Lowood: Chelodina ? longicollis , Elseya ? latiste rnum, Emydura ?macquar:ii530 'MacLennan Cay: Chelonia mydas 277, 319Masthead I.: turtles 44, 341McPherson Range: [ Cryptophis nigrescens / Pseudechis porphyriacus ] 175,258, [ Cacophis sguajnulosus /Demansia psammophis ] , f Notechisscutatus/Tropidechis car inatus ] 258, [ Moreli a spilota variegata] 257,258'Meandarra": Pogona barbata, Tiligua scmcoides 523Michaelmas Cay: turtles 268Mon Repos: Caretta caretta , Chelonia depressa, Chelonia mydas 318Mud Bay: [ Morelia spilota variegata ] 335Murphy's Creek district: [ Morelia spilota variegata ] 325, [Pseudechi sporphyriacus ] 328, 329, goannas, tree snakes 329Murray R. : crocodile 108Normanton R. (falls upstream): Crocodylus Johnstoni 342North Bird I.: Eretmochelys imbricat a 275 - 40 -North-west I.: turtles 44, 341O'Shanassy R. (well nr Camooweal ) : [ Litori a caerulea] 342Olsens Caves: Chlamydosaurus kingi i 46One Tree I.: sea snakes, turtles 341Pandora Cay: Chelonia inydas 278, tui-tles 490Pelican [.: Che loni a depressa, Kre i muchelys iinbricata 271, tui't le cf\p]s334Raine I.: Chelonia mydas 492, turtles 336, 337, 490Rockhampton: Chlajnydosaurus kingii 46Rockingham Bay district: [Morelia spilot a variegataj 108Rutherglen district: No tech is scutatus , PoRona barbata , Pseudechisporphyriacus, Pseudona.ja textilis , Varanus sp. , small skinks 364Sandbank 20km NW Raine I.: turtles 336Sandbank No. 1: Chelonia mydas 266Sandbank No. 7: Chelonia mydas 274Sandbank No. 8: Chelonia raydas 276"Sandringham": Diporiphora winneckei 426Stainer I.: turtles, possibly Eretmochelys imbricatjt 265Stapleton I.: Chelonia mydas 267"The Dell", 8km SE Meandarra: Pogona barbata, Tiligua scincoides 522Tinaroo: [ Morelia spilota variegata ] 254, Pseudechis porphyriacus 253[Varanus sp. ] , crocodile 254Toorilla: Pseudechis porphyriacus 311Torres Strait Is.: [Litoria caerulea/Litqria infrafrenata ] 513Tryon I.: turtles 44, Caretta caretta 341Tydeman Cay: Chelonia mydas 270Watson R. : crocodiles 336Yeppoon: sea snake 527Yeppoon-Byfield: [ Acanthophis antarcticus ] , sea snake 124South AustraliaAdelaide: frog 303Blackwood: frog 303Chapman R. mouth, Kangaroo I.: [ Varanus rosenberg i] 495Coombe district: [ Pogona barbata ] 212Franklin Is.: Notechis ater , lizards 165Fulham: [ Pseudona.ja textilis ] 377Gawler Ranges: snake 303Greenly I.: two spp. lizards 177Hartley district: Pseudona.ja textilis 408islet in Pelican Lagoon, Kangaroo I.: [ Notechis ater ] 495Kangaroo I.: [Notechis ater] 455, T iligua rugosa, tortoises introduced29, [ Tiligua rugosa ] 495, [ Varanus rosenbergi l 136, 302, 455"Konetta": [ Notechis scutatus ] 456Lake Hawdon: snakes 457Lake Victoria and 100km downstream: [Litor ia raniformis] , [Moreliaspilota variegata ] , [ Notechis scutatus], goannas 514Lockleys: [ Pseudona.ja textilis] 378Masons Ck, nr Jervois: Notechis scutatus 389McLaren Vale: [ Pseudona.ja textilis ] 172Milang district: [ Notechis scutatus ] 164Mitchara: Pseudona.ja textilis 26Mt Lyndhurst, 30mi E Farina: lizard 280Mundoo I.: Notechis scutatus 461Murrayville: [ Pogona sp. ] , [ Pseudona.ja textil is] , [ Tiligua sp. ] 421North Gambler I.: no evidence of snakes 178North Neptune I.: snakes 178Nullarbor Plain: Tiligua rugosa 368Oodnadatta: lizards 303Ooldea: Ctenophorus pictus 303, 516, snake 303Reedbeds, Adelaide: Pogona barbata 512Reedy Ck: snakes 457 - 41 -Reedy I. No. 2: [Pseudechis porphyriacus ] 458Reevesby I.: [Notechis. aLerJ 531Salt Creek: Tiligua rugosa 409Salt Lagoon is Lands: Nohcchjis scut a I us 141Seepage Swaiiip, "Yadlajiialka" , 50ini W Pt Augusta: Tyinpanocrypt: is 1 ineat.i104South Neptune I. : Ctenophorus fionni 447St Helena Swamp: snakes 457St Kilda: Pseudonaja [ textilis ] 33Suther lands: f Cryptoblepharus carnabyi ] , f Ctenophorus sp. ] , f Ctenotusrobustus] 64nr The Coorong: Pseudonaja textilis 487The Needles, Younghusband Peninsula: Pseudona.ja textilis 461Trevorra's I.: [ Pseudonaja textilis ] 409Wanilla: Varan us sp. 207Wedge I.: [" Egerni a multiscutata ] , [ Lerista picturata edwardsaej 303,two spp. lizards 68, lizards 382West I.: Egernia cunninghami 400Wilmington: | P seudonaja sp. ] 75"Yandama": [Morelia spilota variegata] , lizards 123TasmaniaActaeon I.: Leiol opisma metallicum 89Albatross I.: Leiolopisma pretiosum 331Babel I . : Notech is ater 476Big Caroline Rock: skinks 92Black Pyramid: lizards 205Bridport: [ Notechis ater ] 128Cat I.: Austrelaps superbus 509, Egernia whitii 493, Notechi s atx^^r 118,[ Notechis ater ] 488, 489, 493, 509, Tiligua nigrolutea 118, '489, 493Chalky I.: Drysdalia coronoides , Egernia whiti i, Leiolopismametallicum , Notechis ater 413Chappell I.: Austrelaps superbus 206Clarke I.: [ Notechis ater ] 346, possible snake bones 347Cleveland: [ Notechis ater ] 183DeWitt I.: Leiolopisma pretiosum 502East Pyramids: skinks 91Fisher I.: Aust relaps superbus , Drysdalia corojio ides, Leiolopismaentrecasteauxii 433Flat I.: Leiolopisma meta l licum, Leiolopisma pret iosum 504Flat Witch I.: Leiolopisma pretiosum 503Goose I.: lizards 94Hippo lyte Rocks: Leiolopisma metallicum 95lie du Golfe: Leiolopisma pretiosum 505King I. : snakes 10, 107Louisa I.: Leiolopisma pretiosum 501Maatsuyker I.: Leiolopisma metallicum , Leiolopisma pretiosum 380Pedra Branca Rock: Leiolopisma palfreymani 84Round Top I.: Leiolopisma pretiosum 506Southport I.: Leiolopisma metallicum 88St Helens I.: Leiolopisma spp., no snakes 374Sterile I.: Leiolopisma metallicum 90Tasraan I. : Egernia whitii , Leiolopisma metallicum , Leiolopismaocellatum , Tiligua casuarinae 83The Mews tone: Leiolopisma pretiosum 85The Nuggets: Leiolopisma metall icum 86The Steppes: snakes 186The Thumbs: Leiolopisma metallicum 87Trefoil I.: Notechis ater 477West Pyramid: skinks 93VictoriaAnglesea: Austrelaps superbus 494 - 42 - "Baddaginnie" : [Pseudonaja text i lis ] 52Bendigo: (Tiliqua rugcisaj 142Boundary Bend: Pseudonaja text i lis 446Box Hill: [ Lainjj^rophql i s/],e_U)lopi sina sp.l K2Broadribb R. , Lake Cur lip: Pliysignathus lesueur i i 392Broken H. , nr Mansfield: [Notechis s_cu_t_atus ] 79Bulleen Ponds, Yarra R. : f Litoria raniformis | 97Coode I. : lizards 98Diinboola: [ Pogona sp. | , [ Tiliqua rugosa] 312East Gippsland: Pseudechis porphyriacus 51Fishermans Bend: lizards 98Foster R. , nr Jumbunna: [Notechis scu t atus ] 282Frankston: [ Austrelaps superbus ) 352, 399, [ Tiliqua sp. ] 121Griffiths I.: Egernia whitii, Notechi s scutatus 74Culpa R. : f Notechis scutatus 1 , [ Varanus sp. ] 419Karawinna: Varanus gouldi i 180Kulkyne I., Murray R. : [ Morelia spilota variegata ] . Varanus varius 45Lady Julia Percy I.: Egernia whitii 402Lakes Entrance: Tiligua sp. 483"Lingerandye": [Morel ia spi lota variegata] , [Tiliqua rugosa] 243Mario Plains, nr Cape Conran: Pseudechis porphyriacus , V aran us varius392Marong: [Pogona sp. ] 188, 189Mirboo North: Notechis scutatus 1430kin from Nariel on Nariel R. : [Pseudechis porphyriacus] LOOPort Fairy: [ Litoria raniformis ] 73Stringy Bark Ck, nr Wahdin: [ Varanus varius] 209Sutherlands Ck: Sphenomorphus t.yTnpanujn 143Tongalong Ck, nr Tocumwal : [Pseudechi s porphyriacus] 179between Valium and Turriff: [ Tiliqua rugosa ] 453Western AustraliaAbrolhos Is.: [ Egernia kingii ] 434Airlie I.: [ Ctenophorus sp. ] 9Archipelago of the Recherche: Acanthophis antarcticus 246Bald I.: Egerni a kingii 7Balladonia district: [ Varanus rosenbergi ] 35Barrow I.: turtles 518Bernier I.: sea snakes 215Breaksea I.: Egernia kingii 1between Broome and Derby: two spp. sea snakes 385Broome Hill: [ Varanus rosenbergi ] 117Carnac I.: Egernia kingii , Morethia lineoocellata , Notechis ater ,Christinas marmoratus 163Charley I.: Ctenophorus ornatus , geckos, small skmks, snakes 300Cockatoo [.: reptiles, incl. ground goannas , several snake spp. 486Coffin I . : Egernia kingii 443Collie: [ Litoria cyclorhynchus /moorei ] 431Cull I.: Ctenophorus ornatus , Egernia kingii , small skinks 297Dampier Archipelago: sea snakes 519Derby: crocodiles 384Drysdale R. : small crocodiles 215Eclipse I.: Egernia kingi i, Egernia napol eon is, Hemiergi s peronii , Christinus marmoratus 193, several lizard spp., no frogs 485Figure of Eight I.: Acanthophis antarcticus , Egerni a kingii , Pseudonajaaffinis 299Frederick I.: Egerni a k ingii , small skinks, lizards 295Garden I.: [Morelia spilota imbricata ] , lizards 314Goose I.: lizards 471Gull Rock: Egernia kingii , skink 283Hood I . : Ctenotus labillardieri , Egernia kingi i , Egerni a napoJeonis 474Lancelin I.: Egernia multiscutata , 4 smaller spp. skinks 5 Lennard R. : crocodiles 384McKenzie I.: K ft'ernia kinjU i 204Michaelmas I.: Eaernia kingii 2Middlf; r.: one ffOf? sp. , six rept iles, incl. Drysdal i a c^oronat-a,E^^efnia kingix , Eaernia napoleonis , Ti I i qua rugosa , I Varanusrosenberg2 ] '^'^'^Mistaken I.: Efiernja kin^y,, Nolechi s ater, Fseudona.jn al'l-'in is 4Mondrain I.: Egernia kingii , Morelia spiloba imbricata 6, small snakes,numerous lizards, no Acanbhophi s antarcticus 246Nares I.: small skinks 292North Fisherman I.: Lerista eletfan s, Morethia obscura 259North-West Cape: [ Liasis stimsoni 1 115Observatory I.: Egernia llingli, small skinks, li:2ards, small snakes,possibly [ Drysdal ia coronata ) 298Ord R. : crocodiles, tortoises 264Pelsart I.: E>?ernia kingii 424, 466, 526, five lizard spp. 467Penguin I.: Egern.ia k in^ii , geckos, small skinks 435Pt Cloates: sea snake 312Ram I.: Ctenophorus ornatus, Enerni a kinnii , small snake, small skinks293Remark I.: Egernia kjing_ii. , small skinks 296Rockingham district: Tiliqua rugosa 428Rottnest I.: Heleioporus eyrei 450, [C teno tus .ffLLlsHsJ, Lial.isburtonis , Morethia lineoocellata 451, two snake spp., incl. Pseudonajaaffinis, several lizard spp., mcl . Egerma kingii 452Sand I. : turtles 432Sandy T . : Egernia kin^i l 8Sandy Hook I.: Acanthophis antarcticus , Ctenotus l abil lard ieri , E gerni ckingii , Egernia napoleonis , Hemiergis peronii , Christinus mannoratus ,Underwoodisaurus milii 475Scott Reef: turtles 432Seal I . : Egernia kmgi i 3Shag I.: gecko, legless lizard 435St Alouarn I.: Egernia kingii 284Stirling Range: [ Varanus rosenbergi [ 517West I., Sahul Shelf: [Che lonia mydasi 432White Lake: [ Chelodina obl onga ) 427Christmas I.: Hemidactylus frena tus 262FijiViti Levu: sea snakes, land snakes 403IndonesiaAru Is.: [ Chondropython /Dendrelaphis sp. ] , [Gonocephal us dilojjhus],[ Varanus indicus] , sea snakes, large frogs 515Mediterranean (14mi N Gozes): turtles 171New CaledoniaAlter I., Masthead I., Redika I.: [ Laticauda colubrina] 307New GuineaBalimo sub-district: Acanthophis antarcticus, Oxyuranus scutel latus,Pseudechis papuanus 54Baiyer R. : Morelia amethistina 528Bougainville I.: Boiga irregularis , no pythons 200Lou I.: [ Boi ga irregularis ] , [ Varanus indicus ] 441Waigani: Morelia spilota , Oxyuranus scutellatus 58West Baiyer Mtns, timberline: Morelia amethistina 529New ZealandAorangi: [ Sphenodon punctatus | 102Chatham Is. : [ Leiolopisma nigriplantare ] 181Little Barrier I.: [ Leiolopisma suteri ] 394Poor Knights Is.: [ Sphenodon punctatus ] 101, 174, lizards 101Tawhiti-rahi: [Sphenodon punctatus | 102Whero I.: small lizards 407 LITERATURE CITEDCogger, H.G. 1986. Repl. lies and amphibians of Australia. 4th Edn. ReedBooks, French's Forest.Condon, I)., Dawb;irn, M.C, Vincent, 1) . J . , ct aj,. 1075. Indf;x toSclent if i<: Najiies of Spe<:ies, Volumes 1-25. pp. 1-56 in, An Inde.\ tothe South Australian Ornitholoai s t Volumes 1-25 (1!)M-1971). SouthAustralian Ornithological Association, Adelaide.Greer, A.E. 1979. A phylogenetic subdivision of Australian skinks. Rec.Aust. Mus. 32: 339-371.McGill, A.R. 1953. A species index to The Emu Volume 1 to 50 1901-1951.R.A.O.U. , Melbourne.McGill, A.H. 1962. A species inde.x to The Emu Volumes 51 to 60 195] -I960.R.A.O.U., Melbourne. Supplement to The Emu Volume 61.Schodde, R. , Glover, B., Kmsky, F.C., Marchant, S., McGill, A.R. &Parker, S.A. 1977. Recommended English names for Australian birds.Emu 77 (Supplement): 245-307.Wells, T. 1922. The Emu. Index Vols. I. -.XX. R.A.O.U., Melbourne. ^ o