THE COLLECTION OF KOREAN MORTUARY POTTERY IN
THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
By Pierre Louis Jouy.
On arriving iu Fusan, in the winter of 1883, my attention was early
attracted to the subject of Korean pottery, and several pieces of a ware
entirely different from the ordinary pottery of the.country were brought
to me for examination by Japanese residents. These pieces, to which a
remote antiquity was ascribed, were held in high esteem by Japanese
conrjoisseurs who delight in rare and curious objects. An extraordinary
value was given to fine specimens and they were often sent to friends
in Japan, and especially to Osaka, which port has long enjoyed direct
communication with Korea.
The discoveries of Professor Morse in Japan * and the researches of
Japanese archceologists in bringing to light the ancient stone imple-
ments and numerous other prehistoric objects, including pottery, had
inspired me with the desire to form similar collections in Korea. This
seemed all the more encouraging as the country was not only practically
a virgin field of research, but abounded in monuments of great antiquity
and evidences of long occupation of the soil. Korea is one vast grave-
yard. Burial mounds and monuments of varying age and rich in archae-
ological interest are a prominent feature of the landscape. Although a
tolerably thickly populated country there are many sections where the
cemeteries occupy at least a quarter as much space as that used for
agricultural purposes. From the capital to the southeastern coast, a
distance of about 200 miles, they are scarcely ever out of sight of the
traveler, their prominent position on the hillsides making them very
conspicuous. Isolated graves of greater distinction are of frequent oc-
currence and are tended from generation to generation with great care.
The grass is kept well cropped to avoid danger from fire, and a grove
of evergreen trees surrounds the grave. These groves, frequently the
only trees on a hillside, are arranged in the shape of a horseshoe, the
mound, from four to five feet high, being in the center, and the open
space on the lower side.
* The Shell Mounds of Omori. Tokio, 1879.
5Sd
590 REPOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1888.
Some mouuds are further protected by a wall ou three sides still fol-
lowing the shape of a horseshoe, and the open side is guarded by nearly
life-sized effigies in stone arranged in pairs on each side of a slab of
granite on which is carved an inscription.
Most graves, however, have simply an upright slab of granite, rect-
angular in shape, bearing an inscription, and supported by a low ped-
estal.
Sketch Map of Southern Korea.
(Places underscored show where mortuary pottery has been found.)
Owing to the recent opening of the country and the utter impossibility
for a foreigner to evade the curious eyes of the natives for any length of
time, it was well-nigh impossible to accomplish any original investiga-
tions. I therefore considered myself fortunate in securing the services
of a young native who from time to time brought me many specimens
of pottery and other objects which he described as having taken from
the earth buried in the ancient graves near the cities of Taiku, Uru-
san, and Torai. Among other objects, besides pottery, were rings of
copper heavily gilded, parts of bronze horse-trappings, such as buckles
and other ornaments, and objects of stone ; the most interesting of these
objects were arrowheads of slate, and daggers of slate or shale with the
handle and blade in one piece. These latter are considerably weathered,
showing signs of great age, but were described as having been taken
from stone coffers in the graves, which would account for their almost
perfect state of preservation.
KOREAN MORTUARY POTTERY. 591
The pottery in common use iu Korea at the present time cohsists of
three kinds ; the finest of white, pale buff, or bluish, porcelain sometimes
decorated iu blue and with a high glaze, is used for the table, and con-
sists of dishes, bowls, and bottles, also wash basins; the second quality
is a pale yellow ware, glazed, mostly made into bowls, undecorated, and
used by the poorer classes. It is very similar to the common kitchen
ware in use all over the world in civilized as well as barbarous kitchens.
The third style of pottery is of the commonest kind, made of dark
brown, or reddish earth, is glazed inside and out, and has little or no
decoration except a wavy line produced by wiping off" the glaze, leav-
ing the lighter under surface to show through. Some pieces have their
edges scalloped or fluted and are adorned with incised lines, but gener-
ally they are quite plain and without these ornamentations. This ware,
of which a specimen is shown in this collection (an oil-bottle, ]N"o. 94519),
is used mainly for oil and water jars and for the common bowls and
dishes of the Korean kitchen. House tiles are also made of this clay.
The most ambitious specimens of this latter ware I have seen are the
water jars, huge vessels suggesting possibilities of concealment as great
as the famousjars in the Arabian tale* ; these are often greater in capac-
ity' than an ordinary barrel. There are generally at least two of these
huge receptacles placed just outside of the kitchen door. Another cu-
rious form is a kind of oven consisting of a shallow vessel with a cover
and raised some 8 or 10 inches from the ground on three legs, the whole
being made of pottery.
The specimens of ancient Korean pottery, enumerated in the follow-
ing list, which I have called mortuary pottery, are unglazed (a few
pieces show apparently accidential glazing in splashes) ; they range in
color from a dull bluish or slate color to dark brown or light red. In
form they are archaic, containing many shapes not seen in the modern
pottery of the country. In some cases they closely resemble the an-
cient Etruscan, notably in the various styles of tazza, a shallow goblet
on a stem supported by a flaring base ; sometimes they are provided
with handles, but more frequently are without them.
This pottery is of various styles of workmanship, some pieces being
modeled by the hand, others paddled into shape by an instrument,
others turned on the wheel,t while the larger and more elaborate pieces
*In southerQ China, iii the vicinity of Hong-Kong, similar jars, though not quite
so large, are used for burial purposes in place of a coffin.
tThe Korean potter's wheel consists of a circular table from 2 to 3 feet in diameter
and 4 to 6 inches thick, made of heavy wood so as to aid in giving impetus to it
when revolving. In general appearance it is not very unlike a modeler's table.
This arrangement is sunken into a depression in the ground, and revolves easily by
means of small wheels working on a track underneath, the table being pivoted in
the center. The wheel is operated directly by the foot, without the aid of a treadle
of any kind. The potter sits squatting in front of the wheel, his bench or seat on a
level with it, and space being left between his seat and the wheel to facilitate his
movements. With his left foot underneath him, he extends his right foot and strikes
the side of the wheel with the bare sole of the foot, causing it to revolve.—The
Korean Potter's Wheel : P. L. Jouy. Science : September 21, 1888, p. 144.
592 KEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1888.
show all of these methods combined. Many of the ancient shapes,
although of great beauty and utility, are not seen in the modern ware
which is far inferior to it in gracefulness of design and variety of i^at-
tern of vessel. For instance, the handled mug, which is quite a com-
mon shape in the mortuary vessels, is not seen at all among modern
Korean, or indeed among Oriental vessels in general, except where it is
of obviously modern introduction.
The decoration of these vessels is in incised lines, in most cases made
by a comb-shaped instrument; simple geometrical patterns and cross-
hatching is also seen; also dots, and excisions which ornament the bases
of the jars and the covers of some of the vessels.
Inquiry among the educated classes elicited the information that
these vessels were made in ancient times to hold offerings to the dead,
and were interred in the grave with the body, and that this practice
obtained up to about the twelfth century.
A similar custom prevailed in southern Japan, and the vessels were,
moreover, of almost exactly similar shapes and style of ornamentation
as shown in Nos. 94520-1 and 94520-2 of this collection, specimens
obtained from Nara, the ancient capital of Japan. In the collection of
Mr. W. Gowland, late superintendent of the Imperial mint at Osaka,
Japan, and in the national collections in Tokio are many examples of
pottery taken from graves in Yamato which could be duplicated in this
Korean collection.
The present series and the collection in possession of the writer are
the only specimens of Korean mortuary pottery that I have any
knowledge of in this country.
In plate lxxxvi are shown, besides the example of Korean ware, an
oil-bottle, No. 94519; two specimens of ancient Japanese mortuary
pottery; also examples of Etruscan and Roman pottery showing two
styles of tazza, the "tulip-shaped" vessel and the handled mug; but of
especial interest is the lioman vessel, No. 136549, in the center, which
has a base ornamented with the triangular openings of exactly similar
design as those seen in the Korean ware.
Catalogue of the Korean Mortuary Pottery in the National Museum, Collection of
P. L.Jouy.
[Note: In the following list the figures in the plates are referred to as being on the upper, middle,
or lowtir line, the figures counting from the left.]
Earthen pot. Browu ware, glazed, possibly warped in firing. The entire outer sur
face is covered with a reticulated pattern. Height, 11^ inches; diameter, llj
inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-1. PI. lxxxii, tig. 3, lower
line,
Earthen pot. Dark browu ware. The entire outer surface of body and shoulder is
covered with a reticulated pattern of small squares. Height, 10^ inches ; diam-
eter, Hi inches. Southeastero. Korea; y, §. N. M. No. 9451ti-5i, PI. J.XXXII, fig,
2, lower iioe.
KOREAN MORTUARY POTTERY. 593
Earthen pot. Yellowish gray ware, washed with a hrowu slip, if not glazed. The
lower part of the body is covered with indented short lines. It is ornamented
by a baud of four incised waved Hues made with a comb. Two similar bands
ornament the shoulder, aud auother the neck. Height, lOf inches ; diameter, 18f
iuches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-3. PI. lxxxii, fig. 4, lower
line.
Earthen pot Dark brown ware, unglazed. Height, Hi iuches; diameter, llf iuches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-4. PI. lxxxii, fig. 3, upper line.
Earthen pot. Dark brown ware, unglazed. Ornamented with a beaded molding.
Height, 8 inches; diameter, 9 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No.
94518-5.
Earthen pot. Gray ware, unglazed. It is ornamented with a reticulated pattern.
Height, 7^ inches; diameter, 9 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No.
94518-6. PI. LXXXII, fig. 5, lower line.
Earf.hen pot. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 7f inches; diameter, 8^ inches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-7. PI. lxxxii, fig. 1, lower line.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, unglazed. The lower half of the body of this vessel is
similar in ornamentation to No. 3. The shoulder is ornamented with double-
grooved lines. Height, 4f inches; diameter, 7f inches. Southeastern Korea;
U. S. N. M. No. 94518-8. PI. Lxxxiii, fig. 4, upper line.
Earthen pot. Brownish gray ware, washed with a slate-colored slip. Height, 7
inches; diameter, 7 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-9. PI.
LXXXII, fig. 2, upper line.
Earthen Pot. Yellow ware, unglazed, and lightly fired. Height, 7 inches; diameter,
7| inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-10.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, glazed inside and out with a ferric-silicate glaze, now
remaining in small patches around the neck, and inside on the bottom. Height,
5^ inches; diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-11.
Earthen pot. Gray ware, glazed. Two small disks of clay are attached to opposite
sides of the body. Height, 5J inches ; diameter, 6 iuches. Southeasten Korea
;
U. S. N. M. No. 94518-12. PI. lxxxii, fig. 5, upper line.
Earthen pot. Gray ware, unglazed, and lightly fired, ornamented with light, grooved
lines. The neck is ornamented with beaded moldings, also with a band of
incised, waved lines (made with a comb having 16 teeth) between the moldings.
Height, 7^ iuches ; diameter, 7f inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No,
94518-13.
Earthen pot. Gray ware, lightly fired, washed with a slate-colored slip, ornamented
with a beaded molding, aud two bands of incised waved lines, made with a
comb. Height, 6^ inches ; diameter, 5^ inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M.
No. 94518-14.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, glazed, and ornamented with a band of incised waved
lines made with a comb. Neck ornamented with three beaded moldings.
Height, 6J iuches; diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No.
94518-15. PI. lxxxiii, fig. 2, upper line.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, well fired, and washed with a slate-colored slip. Body
with an indented bottom, ornamented at its greatest diameter with two bands
of waved iucised lines made with a comb having 3 or 4 teeth. The shoulder is
covered with light waved lines made with a comb. The neck is ornamented
with two beaded moldings, and three bands of waved, iucised lines similar to
those on the body. Height, 7^ inches ; diameter, 5J inches. Southeastern Korea
;
U. S. N. M. No. 94518-16.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, outside washed with a brown slij), inside glazed. Orna-
mented with a beaded molding, and a wide band of waved Hues made with a
comb. Height, 6f inches; diameter, 5| iuches. Southeastern Korea; U. S.
N. M. No. 94518-17.
H. Mis. 142, pt. 2 38
594 EEPORt OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1888.
Earthen pot. Brown ware, vitrified iu firing. Ornamented with three bands of
waved, incised lines. Height, 9 inches; diameter, 7f inches. Southeastern
Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-18.
Eartlien vase on stand. Brown ware washed with a slate-colored slip, unglazed, or-
namented with beaded molding and two bands of waved incised lines made with
a comb having three or four teeth. The stand is warped iu firing. Height 10
inches; diameter 7| inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M., No. 94518-19.
Earthen vase on stand with cover. Slate-colored ware. Outside of body and inside of
mouth glazed with a greenish ferric-silicate glaze. Shoulder and neck ornamented
with beaded moldings. The stand is ornamented with beaded moldings and per-
forated with six triangular openings. The cover is also marked with indenta-
tions, and glazed inside and out. Height, lOf inches ; diameter, 7f inches. South-
eastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-20.
Eartlien howl on stand. Grayish brown ware, glazed outside. The bowl has its entire
outer surface covered with indentations like No. 3, but these have been partly
effaced from the sides. The sides are ornamented with beaded moldings and two
bands of incised zigzag lines. Height, 8^ inches; diameter, 10|^ inches. Southeast-
ern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-21. PI. Lxxxii, fig. 4, upper line.
Earthen hoivl on stand. Brown ware, washed with a brown slip. The sides and lips
are ornamented with beaded moldings, between which are bands of waved in-
cised lines made with a comb. The staud is ornamented like the bowl, and also
has two rows of sis triangular openings. Height, 10^ inches ; diameter, 12J inches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-22. PL Lxxxiii, fig. 4, lower line.
Earthen howl or cup on stand, handled. Brown ware, washed outside with dark brown
slip. The bowl is ornamented with two bands of prominent beaded moldings,
between which is a band of waved incised lines made with a comb having four
teeth. The handle is small and flat. The stand is molded ; its sides are pierced
with six openings. Height, 5^ inches; diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea j
U. S. N. M. No. 94518-23. PI. lxxxv, fig. 4, lower line.
Eartlien howl or cup icitli tico handles. Brown ware, washed with a dark brown slip
on the outside. The bowl is ornamented with three bands of waved incised double
V lines cut so deeply as to raise a bur. The handles are small and flat, placed on
opposite sides. The lip is shouldered for a cover, which is missing. Height, 4
inches; diameter, 6 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-24.
Earthen pot-shaped vessel on stand, inth cover. Slate-colored ware. The stand is
pierced with five rectangular openings. The cover is slightly convex, with a
small knob in its center. Height, 6^ inches ; diameter, 6f inches. Southeastern
Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-25. PI. Lxxxii, fig. I, upper line.
Earthen pot-shaped vessel tvith handle and cover. Gray ware, washed with a slate-
colored slip. Body ornamented with three beaded moldings. The handle is
round and looped. The cover is convex, with a knob. Its rim is made to en-
circle the lip of the vessel. Height, 5^ inches; diameter, 4f inches. Southeast-
ern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-26.
Earthen pot tvith handle. Brown ware, washed with a slate-colored slip. Height, 3f
inches
; diameter, 4^ inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-27. PI.
LXXXV, fig. 5, lower line.
Earthen jar with cover and handle. Brown ware, washed with a slate-colored slip.
The body is ornamented with a band of incised waved lines, between beaded
moldings. Height, 8 inches ; diameter, 8f inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S.N.
M. No. 94518-28.
Earthen jar on stand. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Body ornamented with a band-
of incised waved lines made with a comb having five teeth. This baud is be-
tween two beaded moldings. The shoulder is ornamented like the body. The
neck has beaded moldings around the lower part. Height, lOf inches ; diame-
ler, 9| inches. Sontheastcru Korea; U. S. N. M, No. 94518-29. Pl. Lxxxm, fig.
5, upper line.
KOREAN MORTUARY POTTERY. 595
Earthen howl. Slate-colored ware, washed with a yellow slip and lightly fired ; un-
glazed. Height, 4f inches: diameter, 5| inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N.
M. No. 94.518-30. PI. Lxxxiii, fig. 7, upper line.
Earthen cup or tumbler. Gray ware, glazed dark brown inside and out. Ornamented
with three beaded moldings. Height, If inches; diameter, 3f inches. South-
eastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-31. PL lxxxv, fig. 3, middle line.
Earthen cup on a stand. Slate-colored ware, uuglazed, and well fired. Height, 2f
inches ; diameter, 2f inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-32.
PI. Lxxxiv, fig. 1, upper line.
Earthen cup on a ring hase. Gray ware, unglazed. Height, IJ inches; diameter, 2f
inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-33.
Earthen cup. Dark brown ware, washed with a brown slip. Height, 2 inches; di-
ameter, 3| inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-34.
Earthen box tvith cover. Dark red ware washed with a dark brown slip. Height, 1^
inches ; diameter, 4^ inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-35.
PL LXXXV, fig. 2, upper line.
Earthen bowl. Slate-colored ware, unglazed and warped in firing. The bowl is or-
namented with incised lines. Height, 2J inches ; diameter, 5 inches. Southeast-
ern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-3(5.
Earthen bottle. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Neck encircled with a beaded mold-
ing. Height, 3 inches ; diameter, 2| inches. The throat is one-half inch in diam-
eter. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-37. PI. lxxxv, fig. 1, middle
line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware. An incised triangle with a perpendicular line
intersecting its apex is cut on the stand just below the bowl. Height, 5 inches
;
diameter, 6^ inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-38. PL lxxxiv,
fig. 3, middle line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. In form similar to the preceding,
except that the stand is pierced with two rows of four rectangular openings.
Height, 5 inches ; diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No.
94518-39. PL lxxxiv, fig. 4, middle line.
Earthen bowl. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 5f inches; diameter, 4f inches.
Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-40. PL lxxxiv, fig. 3, upper line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware similar to No. 38 in form except that the edge is
shouldered to receive a cover and the stand is pierced with but one row of three
long triangular openings. Height, 4^ inches; diameter, 6 inches. Southeastern
Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-41. PL lxxxiv, fig. 6, middle line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware. Height, 4 inches ; diameter, 5J inches. South-
eastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-42.
Earthen tazza iciihout handles. Similar to preceding. Height, 2f inches; diameter,
4 inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-43. PL lxxxiv, fig. 6,
upper line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 7 inches
; diameter, 6 inches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-44. PL lxxxiv, fig. 3, lower line.
Earthen tazza loith cover. Slate colored ware with a brown glaze. Height, b^ inches
;
diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-45. Pi.
lxxxiv, fig. 5, lower line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware. Height, 4J inches; diameter, 4i inches. South-
eastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-4(5. PL lxxxiv, fig. 2, middle line.
Earthen boicl on stand ivith cover. Gray ware, lightly fired. The bowl is decorated
with beaded moldings and a band of incised circles. The cover is also orna-
mented with a band of incised circles, and a band of barred triangles between
two circles. Height, ^y^ inches ; diameter, 5^- inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S.
N. M. No. 94518-47. PL lxxxiv, fig. 1. middle line,
596 KEPOET OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1888.
Earthen tazza with cover. Slate-colored ware, iinglazed. Height, 4f inches; diam-
eter, 4i inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-48. PL Lxxxiv, fig.
2, upper line.
Earthen tazza ivith cover. Slate-colored ware glazed brown. The cover is orna-
mented with incised circles grouped by threes, and with diagonal dotted lines
between the first and second, and second and third groups. Height, 7 inches
;
diameter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-49. PI. lxxxiv,
fig. 4, lower line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 4^ inches; diameter, 5f
inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-50. PI. lxxxiv, fig. 6, lower,
line.
Earthen tazza. Slate-colored ware, glazed a dark brown. Height,
.5f inches ; diam-
eter, 5f inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-51. PI. lxxxiv, fig.
1, lower line.
Earthen i)ot. Brown ware, unglazed. Height, 7f inches; diameter, 7^ inches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-52.
Earthen j)Ot, Dark brown ware, unglazed. Height, CJ inches ; diameter, 1% inches.
Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-53.
Earthen pot. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 5J inches ; diameter, 5f inches.
Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-54. PI. lxxxiii, fig. 1, upper line.
Earthen pot. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Height, 5 inches ; diameter, 5 inches.
Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-55.
Earthen jar, stand hrolcen off and missing. Slate-colored ware, unglazed. Ornamented
just below the shoulder with two bands of waved incised lines made with a
comb having nine teeth. Neck ornamented with two bands of waved incised
lines and four beaded moldings. Height, 9^ inches ; diameter, 8f inches.
Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94'518-56.
Earthen jar on stand. Slate-colored ware glazed yellow, badly warped and blistered
in firing. Ornamented with grooved lines. Neck with beaded moldings.
Height, 13| inches ; diameter, lOJ inches. Southeastern Korea ; U. S. N. M. No.
94518-57.
Earthen stand. Terra cotta, colored with a brown slip. Unglazed ; ornamented with
moldings and a band of incised waved lines made with a comb. The top is
disb-shaped, 7;^ inches in diameter, the bowl ornamented with beaded molding
about an inch from the lip. The stand is open from toj) to bottom. Height, 14
inches; diameter, 8 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-58.
Earthen flmver stand. Brown ware, unglazed. Height, 6^^ inches; diameter, 8f
inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-59. PI. lxxxv, fig. 3, lower
line.
Earthen cup with handle. Terra cotta ware, unglazed. Height, 2f inches; diameter,
4 inches. Southeastern Korea; U. S. N. M. No. 94518-60. PI. lxxxv, fig. 4,
middle line.
Earthen oil-hottle. Modern Korean pottery. Terra cotta ware, glazed dark, brown.
It is ornamented with two grooved lines where the neck springs from the body,
and a beaded molding around the middle of the neck. The glaze is wiped off iu
wide curved lines and dashes from the shoulder. Height, 15 inchps diameter, 7^
iiiches. Torai, Korea ; U. S. N. M. No. 94519. PI. lxxxvi, fig. 2, upper line.
Earthen vase on a stand. Gray earthen ware unglazed. The body of the vessel is
ornamented with light grooved i)arallel lines made with a comb. The shonlder
is covered with a scale pattern of light incised lines made with a comb. Height,
6f inches; diameter, 3| inches. Nara, Japan; U. S. N. M. No. 94520-1. PL
LXXXVI, fig. 1, upper line.
Earthen iottle. Terra cotta ware, unglazed. The lower part of the body appears to
have been pared with a knife. Height, 3f inches; diameter, 3^ inches. Nara,
Japan ; U. S. N. M. No. 94520-2. PL lxxxvi, fig. 3, upper line.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXII.
Korean Mortuary Pottery.
(Upper line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Pot-shaped Vessel on Stand, with Cover. Slate-colored ware.
The stand is pierced with five rectangular openings. The cover is slightly
convex, with a small knob in its center. Height, 6^ inches; diameter, 6f
inches. (Cat. No. 94518-25, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 2. Earthen Pot. Brownish gray ware; washed with a slate-colored slip.
Height, 7 inches: diameter, 7 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-9, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Pot and Cover. Dark brown ware; unglazed. Height, 114-
inches; diameter, 11| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-4, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Bowl on Stand. Grayish brown ware; glazed outside. The
bowl has its entire outer surface covered with indentations like No. 3,
but these have been partly effaced from the sides The sides are orna-
mented with beaded moldings and two bands of incised zigzag lines.
Height, 8i inches; diameter, lOi inches. (Cat. No. 94518-21, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 5. Earthen Pot. Gray ware; glazed. Two small disks of clay are attached
to opposite sides of the body. Height, 5J inches; diameter, 6 inches.
(Cat. No. 94518-12, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
(Lower line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Pot. Slate-colored ware; unglazed. Height, 7| inches; diame-
ter, 81 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-7, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 2. Earthen Pot. Dark brown ware. The entire outer surface of body and
shoulder is covered with a reticulated pattern of small squares. Height,
lOi inches; diameter. Hi inches. (Cat. No. 94518-2, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Pot. Brown ware; glazed. Possibly warped in firing. The
entire outer surface is covered with a reticulated pattern. Height, 11^
inches; diameter. Hi inches. (Cat. No. 94518-1, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Pot. Yellowish gray ware; washed with a brown slip, if not
glazed. The lower part of the body is covei'ed with indented short lines.
It is ornamented by a band of four incised waved lines made with a
comb. Two similar bands ornament the shoulder, and another the neck.
Height, lOf inches; diameter, 18| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-3, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 5. Earthen Pot. Gray ware; unglazed. It is ornamented with a reticu-
lated pattern. Height, 7^ inches; diameter, 9 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-6,
U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Report of National Museum, 1888,—Jouy. PLATE LXXXII.
h^.


EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXIII.
Korean Mortuary Pottery.
(Upper line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Pot. Slate-colored ware: unglazed. Height, 5;^ inches; diame-
ter, ol- inches. (Cat. No. 94518-54, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Pot. Brown ware; glazed and ornamented with a band of in-
cised waved lines made with a comb. Neck ornamented with three
beaded moldings. Height. 6J inches; diameter, 5f inches. (Cat. No.
94518-15, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Pot. Brown ware; unglazed. The lower half of the body of
this vessel is similar in ornamentation to No. 3 in PL LXXXII. The
shoulder is ornamented with double-grooved lines. Height, 4f inches;
diameter, 7f inches. (Cat. No. 94518^8. U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 5. Earthen Jar on Stand. Slate-colored ware; unglazed. Body orna-
mented with a band of mcised waved lines made with a comb having five
teeth. This band is between two beaded moldings. Tlie shoulder is or-
namented like the body. The neck has. beaded moldings around the
lower part. Height, lOf inches; diameter, 9| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-29,
U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 7. Earthen Bowl. Slate-colored ware; washed with a yellow slip and
lightly fired; unglazed. Height, 4^ inches; diameter, 5f inches. (Cat.
No. 94518-30, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
(Lower line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Bowl on Stand. Brown ware; washed with a brown slip. The
sides and lips are ornamented with beaded moldings, between which are
bands of waved incised lines made with a comb. The stand is orna-
mented like the bowl, and also has tM-o rows of six triangular openings.
Height, 104- inches; diameter, 121 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-23, U. S. N.
M. Southeastern Korea.)
Report of National Museum, 1888.—Jouy Plate LXXXll


EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXIV.
Korean Mortuary Pottery.
(Upper line, commencing- at tlie left.)
Fig. I. Earthen Cup on Stand. Slate-colored ware; unglazed and well fired.
Height, 2f inches; diameter, 2i inches. (Cat. No. 94518-32, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.
)
Fig. 2. Earthen Tazza, with Cover. Slate-colored ware; unglazed. Height, 4f
inches; diameter, U inches. (Cat. No. 94518-48, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Bowl on Stand, with Cover. Slate-colored ware; unglazed.
Height, 5f inches; diameter, 4^ inches. Cat. No. 94518-40, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.
Fig. 6. Earthen Tazza, WITHOUT Handles. Slate-colored ware. Height, 2f inches;
diameter, 4 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-43, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
(Middle line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Bowl on Stand, with Cover. Gray ware; lightly fired. The
bowl is decorated with beaded moldings and a band of incised circles.
The cover is also ornamented with a band of incised circles, and a band
of barred triangles between tw^o circles. Height, 5^ inches; diameter. 5:J^
inches. (Cat. No. 94518-47, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.
)
Fig. 2. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware. Height, 4^ inches; diameter, 4|
inches. (Cat. No. 94518-46, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware. An incised triangle with a perpen-
dicular line intersecting its apex is cut on the stand just below the bowl.
Height, 5 inches; diameter, 6^ inches. (Cat. No. 94518-38, U. S. N. M.
Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored w-are; unglazed. In form similar to Fig.
3, except that the stand is pierced with two rows of four rectangular
openings. Height, 5 inches; diameter, 5| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-39, U.
S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 6. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware. Similar to Fig. 3 in form, except
that the edge is shouldered to receive a cover and the stand is pierced
with but one row of three long triangular openings. Height, 4i inches:
diameter, 6 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-41, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
(Lower line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware; glazed a dark brown. Height. 5f
inches; diameter, 5| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-51, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware; unglazed. Height, 7 inches; diam-
eter, 6 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-44, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Tazza, with Cover. Slate-colored ware; glazed brown. The
cover is ornamented with incised circles grouped by threes, and with
diagonal dotted lines between the first and second, and second and third
groups. Height, 7 inches; diameter, 5f inches. (Cat. No. 94518-49, U.
S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.
)
Fig. 5. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware, with a bi-onze glaze. Height, 5^
inches; diameter, 5| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-45, U. S. N. M. Southeastern
Korea.)
Fig. 6. Earthen Tazza. Slate-colored ware; unglazed. Height, 4J inches; diam-
eter, 5f inches. (Cat. No. 94518-50, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
Report of National Museum, 1888.—Jou Plate LXXXIV.
J


EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXV.
Korean Mortuary Pottery.
(Upper line, commencing at the left.
)
Fig. 2. Earthen Cover or Lower Half of a Box. Dark red ware; washed
with a dark brown slip. Height, 1^ inches; diameter, 4^ inches. (Cat.
No. 94518-35, U. S. N. M. Southeastern Korea.)
(Middle line, commencing at the left.
Fig. 1. Earthen Bottle. Slate-colored ware; ungiazed. Neck encircled with a
beaded molding. The throat is one-half inch in diameter. Height, 3
inches; diameter, 2-| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-37, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Cup or Tumbler. Gray ware; glazed dark brown inside and
out. Ornamented with three beaded moldings. Height, If inches;
diameter, 3f inches. (Cat. No. 94518-31, U. S. N. M. Southeastern
Korea.)
Fig. 4. Earthen Cup, with Handle. Terra cotta ware; ungiazed. Height, 2|-
inches; diameter, 4 inches. (Cat. No. 94518-60, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.)
(Lower line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Flower Stand. Brown ware; ungiazed. Height, 6J inches;
diameter, 8f inches. (Cat. No. 94518-59, U. S. N. M. Southeastern
Korea.
)
Fig. 4. Earthen Bowl or Cup on Stand, Handled. Brown ware; washed out-
side with dark brown slip. The bowl is ornamented with two bands of
prominent beaJed moldings, between which is a band of waved incised
lines made with a comb having four teeth. The handle is small and flat.
The stand is molded; its sides are pierced with six openings. Height, 5^
inches; diameter, 5| inches. (Cat. No. 94518-23, U. S. N. M. South-
eastern Korea.
)
Fig. 5. Earthen Pot, with Handle. Brown ware; washed with a slate-colored
slip. Height, 3| inches; diameter, Ai inches. (Cat. No. 94518-27, U. S.
N. M. Southeastexn Korea.)
Report of National Museum, 1888.—Jouy. Plate LXXXV.


EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXVI.
Mortuary Pottery.
(Upper line, commencing at the left.)
Fig. 1. Earthen Vase on a Stand. Gray earthen ware; unglazed. The body
of the vessel is ornamented with light grooved parallel lines made with
a comb. The shoulder is covered with a scale pattern of light incised
lines made with a comb. Height, 6f inches; diameter, 3| inches. (Cat.
No. 94520-1, U. S. N. M. Nara, Japan.)
Fig. 2. Earthen Oil Bottle. Terra cotta ware; glazed dark brown. It is orna-
mented with two grooved lines where the neck springs from the body, and
a beaded molding around the middle of the neck. The glaze is wiped off
in wide curved lines and dashes from the shoulder. Height, 15 inches;
diameter, 7^ inches. (Cat. No. 94519, U. S. N. M. Torai, Korea.)
Fig. 3. Earthen Bottle. Terra cotta ware; unglazed. The lower part of the
body appears to have been pared with a knife. Height, 3f inches; diam-
eter, 3i mches. (Cat. No. 94520-2, U. S. N. M. Nara, Japan.
)
Report of National Museum, 1888.
—Jouy. PLATE LXXXVI.
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