Unami 1966-1
Personal Reflections and Delaware History
Ollie Anderson
(Edited and translated by Ives Goddard.)
Ollie Beaver Anderson; Dewey, Oklahoma; told and recorded on tape July 2, 1966.
Notebook 1966-T:3-57: recording Del2_Cut2_OA 0:09-11:04.
1)
u/ y?h m?g?i pegtgagws?enk lOnagpg?gy5k, pahk?n?i nkOtgOmagks?hOna m?g?i.
m/ y?h  m?g?i (IC+)p?t?wOs?+y?nk OlOn?p?w+ak pahk?n?i nO+kOtOm?kOs?+hmOna m?g?i
g/ well! now xx+live.until+1p/PPL Delaware+ANpl entirely 1+be.poor+1p/IND now
e/ Well now, we Delawares who are living now, we are now as poor as can be.
2)
u/ m?g?i nOwegkwign?hOna.
m/ m?g?i nO+w?hkw?n?+hmOna
g/ now 1+die.out+1p/IND
e/ Now we?re all gone,
3)
u/ 5?gk ntamigmOgnsOmOn?gnagk, ak?g tO?li-wOlagmhitamogwOn?gy5 tO?li-lOnagpgegign?gy5.
m/ 5?gk nOt+am?mOns+Om+On?n+?k ak?g wOt+Ol? wOl?mOht+am?wOn?wa wOt+Ol? OlOn?p?w?+On?wa
g/ and 1+child+PT+1p+ANpl NEG 3+{so}/PV believe+3p?0/IND/NEG 3+{so}/PV be.Delaware+3p/SBD
e/ and our children don?t believe in being Indian.
4)
u/ aluw?gi w?nki-?Owanahk5gws?wak.
m/ alOw?w? w?nk? ?Owanakw?wOs?+wak
g/ more like.to/PV live.like.whiteman+3p/IND
e/ They?d rather live the white man?s life
5)
u/ pahk?n?i nkOtgOmagks?hOna.
m/ pahk?n?i nO+kOtOm?kOs?+hmOna
g/ entirely 1+be.poor+1p/IND
e/ We?re as poor as can be.
6)
u/ ak?g p?gli aw?gn ahp?gi, kh?kgay m?g?i.
m/ ak?g  p?gli aw?n+0/   ap?+w?  kOhkay+0/    m?g?i.
g/ NEG  different someone+ANsg be+3s/IND/NEG old.person+ANsg now
e/ There?s no other old person living now.
7)
u/ n?g=?t x?gha.
m/ n?g    =?t nax?ha
g/ 1s.EMPH DUB alone
e/ I might be the only one.
8)
u/ w?gmi eglankogm?kgigk m?g?i nnOkgalukg?nka.
m/ w?gmi IC+Olank?m+?k?k   m?g?i nO+nOkal+OkwOnka
g/ all  xx+have.as.relative+1s?3/PPL(ANpl) now 1+leave.behind+3p.abs?1s/IND
e/ All my relatives have left me now.
n/ [/w?gmi/: foll. by [ngg], f.s.; /nnOkgalukg?nka/: /nn-/: [n], /-a/: [aR].]
9)
u/ n?=nO ntO?li-m?gwsign m?g?i.
m/ n? n? nOt+Ol? m?wOs?+On  m?g?i
g/ PRES that.INsg 1+{so}/PV be.only.one+1s/SBD now
e/ I?m the only one living now.
10)
u/ nkOtgOm?gksi.
m/ nO+kOtOm?kOs?+0/
g/ 1+be.poor+1s/IND
e/ I?m pitiful.
11)
u/ nnig?g?gnak ??kw nax?.
m/ nO+n???n+ak ??kw nax?
g/ 1+daughter+ANpl only three
e/ There?s just my three daughters.
n/ [/nnig?g?gnak/: [n-] or perhaps [nn-].]
12)
u/ n?gki 5?gk pOmagws?wak, ktOmagks?wak 5?gk n?gki.
m/ n?gki 5?gk pOm?wOs?+wak kOtOm?kOs?+wak 5?gk n?gki
g/ those.ANpl and live+3p/IND be.poor+3p/IND and those.ANpl
e/ They are living still, and they are pitiful.
13)
u/ ?gli kO?n? migkOm5gsgiht?gtge k?ski-pOmagws?wak.
m/ ?gli  kO?n? m?hkOmw?s?+hOt?t? kask? pOm?wOs?+wak
g/ because must work+3p/SUBJ able.to/PV live+3p/IND
e/ Because they have to work in order to live.
14)
u/ n?=nO ??g.
m/ n? n? ??g
g/ PRES that.INsg EMPH
e/ That?s how it is.
15)
u/ 5?gk w?gmi y?gk eglankogm?kgigk ??g, y?h ahpagmi egligkg?htigt, ak?g ligtgegheg?gy5k lOnagpg?gy5k=?t=t?.
m/ 5?gk w?gmi y?gk IC+Olank?m+?k?k     ??g y?h ap?m? IC+Ol?k?+hOt?t
g/ and all these.ANpl xx+have.as.relative+1s?3/PPL(ANpl) EMPH here around xx+live.{so}+3p/CC(=PPL)
m/ ak?g Ol?t?h?+w?wak OlOn?p?w+ak =?t =t?
g/ NEG think+3p/IND/NEG Delaware+ANpl DUB FOC
e/ And all these relatives of mine living around here don?t think they are Delawares.
n/ [/egligkg?htigt/: or /ell-/ (?); /=t?/: [t?h].]
16)
u/ aluw?gi k?hta-?Owanahkwig?gy5k.
m/ aluw?gi kata ?Owanakw?+w?wak
g/ more  want.to/PV be.White.person+3p/IND/NEG
e/ They would rather be White people.
17)
u/ x?gli aw?gnigk nogw?gha l5?gmOwe, ?gli kh?kgay meg?i n?g.
m/ x?gli aw?n+?k nO+wOw?h+? l5?gmOwe ?gli kOhkay+0/  m?g?i n?g
g/ many someone+ANpl 1+know+1s?(3)/IND long.ago because old.person+ANsg now 1s.EMPH
e/ I knew a lot of people a long time ago, because I?m old lady now.
18)
u/ O?nta- xinkwigkg?g5nink=h?nkw -maigkh?tienk, kOkhit?glogk=h?nkw lOnagpg?gy5k.
m/ IC+Onta  xinkwigkg?g5nink =h?nkw maw?kaht?+y?nk 
g/ xx+{smt}/PV Big.House+LOC usually camp.COLL+1p/CC
m/ RO`+kOht?l+wak =h?nkw OlOn?p?w+ak
g/ REP+be.many+3p/IND usually Delaware+ANpl
e/ When we used to camp at the Big House, there used to be a great many Delawares.
19)
u/ m?g?i wegkwignegy?nka.
m/ m?g?i w?hkw?n?+wOnka
g/ now die.out+3p.abs/IND
e/ Now they have died out.
n/ [/-?nka/ has [aR].]
20)
u/ ak?g nogwagt?gwOn ??g? p?gli=?g k?gski- k?ku -lO?sgienk, O?nta-k?hta-wO?li-nag5ht?genk
 y? O?nta-wO?li-lehOlegxg?genk.
m/ ak?g nO+wOw?ht+?wOn  ??g? p?gli =?g IC+kask? k?ku OlOs?+y?nk
g/ NEG 1+know+1s?0s/IND/NEG more different POT xx+able.to/PV smthg do+1p/PPL(OBL)
m/ IC+Onta kata wO`l? n?wat+aw?nk 
g/ xx+{smt}/PV want.to/PV well/PV follow+1p?0/CC 
m/ y? IC+Onta wO`l? RVh+l?x?+y?nk
g/ this.INsg xx+{smt}/PV well/PV REP+breathe+1p/CC
e/ I don?t know what else we could do to try and follow this good way of living our lives well.
21)
u/ 5?gk y?gk ??g aw?gnigk, p?gli awegnhak?gy5k, pahk?n?i wOlagws?wak negkg?g5.
m/ 5?gk y?gk ??g aw?n+?k p?gli aw?nahk?w+ak
g/ and these.ANpl EMPH someone+ANpl different tribe+ANpl 
m/ pahk?n?i wOl?wOs?+wak n?k?wa
g/ entirely live.good.life+3p/IND 3p.EMPH
e/ And these people, of different tribes, are the finest people there are.
22)
u/ ?gli-=h?nkw k?ku -migkOntam?htigt, w?gmi=h?nkw kwOtg?gli ahp?wak.
m/ IC+Ol? =h?nkw k?ku m?hkOnt+amOhOt?t w?gmi =h?nkw kwOtg?gli ap?+wak
g/ xx+{so}/PV usually smthg work.at+3p?0/CC all usually together be+3p/IND
e/ Whenever they do anything, they all stay together.
n/ [/?gli-/: preceded by breath.]
23)
u/ wig?gOnth?tOwak=h?nkw, O?nta- k?gnu k?ku -migkOntam?htigt.
m/ w??Ontaht?+wak   =h?nkw IC+Onta k?gnu k?ku m?hkOnt+amOhOt?t
g/ help.each.other.COLL+3p/IND usually xx+{smt}/PV HESN smthg work.at+3p?0/CC
e/ They all help each other whenever they do anything.
24)
u/ wOlagws?wak.
m/ wOl?wOs?+wak
g/ live.good.life+3p/IND
e/ They?re good people.
25)
u/ nogleglO?ntam ?gli- negkgOm?g5 -kaski- nO?nO -lOsg?htigt.
m/ nO+wOl?lOnt+am  IC+Ol? n?kOm?wa kask? nO?ni OlOs?+hOt?t
g/ 1+be.glad+1s(-O)/IND xx+{so}/PV 3p.EMPH be.able.to/PV that.INsg do.{so}+3p/CC
e/ I?m glad they can do it.
n/ [/nO?nO/: tape [n?nO]?]
26)
u/ k??gi nigl?gna ak?g.
m/ k??gi nigl?gna ak?g
g/ but 1p.EMPH not
e/ But we don?t.
27)
u/ k?g hatg?ge k?ku nigl?gna k?gski-=?g may?gi -nag5ht?genk.
m/ k?g aht?+w? k?ku nigl?gna IC+kask? =?g may?w? n?wat+aw?nk
g/ NEG be+0s/IND.NEG smthg 1p.EMPH xx+be.able.to/PV POT truly follow+1p?0/PPL(INsg)
e/ There isn?t anything that we could follow in the right way.
n/ [/hatg?ge/ (for /hatg?gi/): the tape may have non-negative /h?tgeg/; /?g/: foll. by [ma%], f.s.]
28)
u/ l5?gmOwe=m?h mpihpO?ntamOn, nik?hke nuhOm?nka nt?hOli- nkOm?ge=h?nkw k?ku -l?kgwOn.
m/ l5?gmOwe =m?h nO+Rih+pOnt+amOn nik?hke nO+-?hOm+Onka
g/ long.ago PST 1+HAB+hear+1s?0s that.PL,OBV.ABS 1+grandmother+PL,OBV.ABS
m/ nOt+Rih+Ol? nkOm?ge =h?nkw k?ku Ol+OkwOn
g/ 1+HAB+{so}/PV always usually smthg say.{so}.to+3?1s/SBD
e/ Long ago I used to hear my grandmother and her sister talking to me all the time.
n/ [/nt?hOli-/: foll. by [wgg], f.s.]
29)
u/ noglagmhita5?g5k=h?nkw.
m/ nO+wOl?mOhtaw+?wak =h?nkw
g/ 1+believe+1?3p/IND  usually
e/ I would believe what they told me.
30)
u/ y?kwe m?g?i pegtgagws?enk pahk?n?i nkOtgOmagks?hOna.
m/ y?kwe m?g?i p?t?wOs?+y?nk pahk?n?i nO+kOtOm?kOs?+hmOna
g/ now already xx+live.until+1p/PPL entirely 1+be.poor+1p/IND
e/ Now we that are still living are as pitiful as we can be.
31)
u/ ak?g p?gli aw?gn ahp?gi k?gski-=?g -n?g5htank nO? O?nta- lOnagpg?gy5k -lehOlegxg?htigt.
m/ ak?g p?gli aw?n+0/  ap?+w?  IC+kask? =?g n?wat+ank
g/ NEG different someone+ANsg be+3s/IND.NEG xx+be.able.to/PV POT follow+3s?0/PPL(ANsg)
m/ n?  IC+Onta OlOn?p?w+ak RVh+l?x?+hOt?t
g/ that.INsg xx+{smt}/PV Delaware+ANpl REP+breathe+3p/CC
e/ There?s no one else left who would be able to follow the Delaware way of living.
n/ [/-n?g5htank/ (TI-1a): Apparent hesitation on last syllable, which sounds like [Onk]; should be 
/-n?g5htagkw/ (|n?wat+agkw|; TI-2).]
32)
u/ n?=nO ??hkan?.
m/ n? n? ??hkan?
g/ PRES that.INsg entirely
e/ That?s all.
n/ [Followed by an audible nasal breath.]
33)
u/  5?gk kig?geglOm?enk, ktOmagkgeglOm?gnegn, nkOtgOmagks?hOna.
m/  5?gk (IC+)k???lOm+Oy?nk   kOtOm?k?lOm+?n?n nO+kOtOm?kOs?+hmOna
g/  and xx+create.by.thought+2?1p/PPL(VOC) pity+2?1p/IMP 1+be.poor+1p/IND
e/  And you who created us, take pity on us, we are pitiful.
n/  [/ktOmagkgeglOm?gnegn/: [k-] inaudible; end unclear.]
34)
u/ 5?gk ntamigmOgnsOmOn?gnagk ktOmagkgeglOntama?gnegn.
m/ 5?gk nOt+am?mOns+Om+On?n+?k kOtOm?k?lOntamaw+?n?n
g/ and 1+child+PT+1p+ANpl  pity.O2.of,for+2?1p/IMP
e/ And take pity on our children.
35)
u/  n?=y?kwe=??g l?pi p?gli O?nta-k?hta- k?ku -ahkOn?gtgOmag.
m/  n? y?kwe ??g l?pi p?gli IC+Onta kata k?ku akOn?t+Om?(n)
g/  PRES now EMPH again different xx+{smt}/PV want.to/PV smthg talk.about+1s?0/CC
e/  Now I again want to talk about something else.
36)
u/ l5?gmOwe=h?nt nik?hke lOnagpgegy?nka, O?nta- k?gnu -p??i- wO?ski -kahp?htigt n?gk aw?gnigk, 
 ak?g h?nt k?ski-pOntag5htig?gy5k.
m/ l5?gmOwe =h?nt nik?hke OlOn?p?w+Onka
g/ long.ago HRSY that.PL,OBV.ABS Delaware+PL,OBV.ABS
m/ IC+(On)ta k?gnu p??i  wO?ski kap?+hOt?t n?gk aw?n+?k
g/ xx+{smt}/PV HESN come/PV first go.ashore+3p/CC those.ANpl someone+ANpl
m/ ak?g =h?nt kask?  pOnt?wat?+w?wak
g/ NEG HRSY able.to/PV hear.each.other+3p/IND.NEG
e/ Long ago those Delawares in the past, when those people first came ashore, they couldn?t make out each 
 other?s speech.
n/ [/k?ski-pOntag5htig?gy5k/: k?ski wgg pOntag5htigg wOlagg agg pOntag5htig?gy5k; hesitation between 
 /pOntag5htig?gy5k/ and /wOlagmhitag5htig?gy5k/ ?they believed each other? (cf. 29).]
37)
u/ ??kw ?lli k?hta- k?ku -lO?tgOwak,
m/ ??kw ?lli kata k?ku OlOt?+wak
g/ but even want.to/PV smthg say.{so}.to.each.other+3p/IND
e/ Nevertheless they kept trying to tell each other something,
38)
u/ ??kw ak?g wOnOnogsta5giww?ga h5kgayOw?ga.
m/ ??kw ak?g wO+nOn?sOtaw+?w?wOw?wa wO+hakay+Ow?w+a
g/ but NEG 3+understand+3p?3?/IND/NEG 3+self+3p+OBV
e/ but they couldn?t understand themselves.
n/ [/??kw ak?g/: ??kw [ku] ak?g; perhaps /k?g/ changed to /ak?g/; /wOnOnogsta5giww?ga/: rise on /-a/.]
39)
u/ n?=nO ??kw k5?ski-luwegn?gy5, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe,?
m/ n? n?  ??kw wO+kask? OlOw?+On?wa nOt+?te nOt+OlOw?+0/
g/ PRES that.INsg only 3+be.able.to/PV say.{so}+3p?0/SBD 1+think/P 1+say.{so}+1s/IND
e/ And all they could say was, ?I think I?m saying,?
40)
u/ tOmigk?ti, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe.?
m/ tOmigk?ti  nOt+?te  nOt+OlOw?+0/
g/ every.little.while 1+think/P 1+say.{so}+1s/IND
e/ every little while, ?I think I?m saying.?
41)
u/ n? y?gk ?Ow?nahkogk k?g k5?ski-wO?li-pOnta5giww?ga, -nOnogsta5ww?ga, k?ku=t?=?t egkgOnogtgOm?htigt y?gk 
lOnagpg?gy5k.
m/ n? y?gk ?Owanakw+ak k?g wO+kask? wO`l? pOntaw+?w?wOw?wa 
g/ then these.ANpl Whiteman+ANpl NEG 3+be.able.to/PV well/PV hear+3p?3?/IND/NEG 
m/ nOn?sOtaw+?wOw?wa k?ku =t? =?t IC+akOn?t+OmOhOt?t  y?gk OlOn?p?w+ak
g/ understand+3p?3?/IND smthg FOC DUB xx+talk.about+3p?0/PPL(INsg) these.ANpl Delaware+ANpl
e/ And those White people could not well make out, understand, whatever it was these Delawares were 
 talking about.
n/ [/k5?ski/: creaky at the end and followed by a pause; /-nOnogsta5ww?ga/: changed on review to the 
 corresponding negative form, /-nOnogsta5giww?ga/; /lOnagpg?gy5k/: voice falls off at the end.]
42)
u/ ?gli nkOm?ge ??kw luw?gy5k, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe,? n?=y?kwe=nO? wun??gxgOn O?nta-luw?hOlOnt w? x?ntki lOn?gpge 
?Delaware,? ?gli n?=nO ??kw k5?ski-luwegn?gy5, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe.?
m/ ?gli nkOm?ge ??kw OlOw?+wak nOt+?te nOt+OlOw?+0/
g/ because always only say.{so}+3p/IND 1+think/P 1+say.{so}+1s/IND
m/ n? y?kwe  n? wOn??xOn+w  IC+Onta OlOw?hl+Ont  
g/ PRES now  that.INsg originate.from.{smwh}+0/SBD xx+{smt}/PV name.{so}+X?3/PPL(OBL) 
m/ w?  x?ntki OlOn?p?w+0/  Delaware 
g/ this.ANsg finally Delaware+ANsg ?Delaware?
m/ ?gli n? n? ??kw wO+kask? OlOw?+On?wa nOt+?te nOt+OlOw?+0/
g/ because PRES that.INsg only 3+be.able.to/PV say.{so}+3p?0/SBD 1+think/P 1+say.{so}+1s/IND
e/ Because all the time they just said, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe [?I think I?m saying?],? that?s the origin of why this 
 Delaware Indian was finally called ?Delaware?, because they could only say, ?nt?te ntO?lOwe.?
43)
u/ n?=nO tOlOwihOlagn?gy5 n?gk ?Ow?nahkogk.
m/ n? n? wOt+OlOw?hl+?n?wa n?gk ?Owanakw+ak
g/ PRES that.INsg 3+name.{so}+3p?3?/SBD those.ANpl Whiteman+ANpl
e/ That?s what the White people called them.
n/ [/?Ow?nahkogk/: last syllable voiceless.]
44)
u/  n? 5?gk m?g?i O?nta-k??i-5nkunt?htigt tOlagn?gy5 n?gk ?Ow?nahk5k, ?y?kwe=?g h?kgi kOmigl?hOna, x?gs 
  eglk?glOk, weh?umwigsg?gi-x?gs.?
m/  n? 5?gk m?g?i IC+Onta k??i wank?nt?+hOt?t wOt+Ol+?n?wa 
g/  then and now xx+{smt}/PV PERF/PV shake.hands.together+3p/CC 3+say.{so}.to 
/m n?gk  ?Owanakw+ak y?kwe =?g ahkOy+0/  kO+m?l+?hmOna 
/g those.ANpl Whiteman+ANpl now  POT land+SG 2+give.to+2?1p/IND 
                                                                
m/ ax?s  IC+OlOk?l+Ok    w?hO?Omw?s-?w? ax?s
g/ hide+ANsg xx+be.{so}.big+3s/PPL(OBL) cow/PN hide+ANsg
e/ And then after they shook hands with each other, those Whitemen said to them, ?Now you could give us 
 some land as big as a hide, a cow hide.?
n/ [/5nkunt?htigt/: /5/ has little if any rounding; /?Ow?nahk5k/: contrasts clearly with /?Ow?nahkogk/ (41); /x?gs 
eglk?glOk/: eglki [agg] x?gs eglk?glOk.]
45)
u/  ?n?=t?=nO?ni,? tOlagn?gy5 n?gk lOnagpg?gy5k, ?n?=t?=nO?n.?
m/  n? =t? nO?ni wOt+Ol+?n?wa  n?gk OlOn?p?w+ak
g/  PRES FOC that.INsg 3+say.{so}.to/3p?3?/SBD those.ANpl Delaware+ANpl 
m/  n? =t? nO?n
g/  PRES FOC that.INsg
e/  And, ?That?s all right,? those Delawares told them, ?That?s OK.?
46)
u/  ?y?h al?pga x? l?pi mp?hOna.?
m/  y?h al?pga  x? l?pi nO+p?+hmOna
g/  well! tomorrow FUT again 1+come+1p/IND
e/  ?Well, we?ll be back again tomorrow.?
47)
u/  n? ??g l?pi 5gpg?nke n? p5gn?gy5.
m/  n? ??g  l?pi (IC+)w?pan+k? n? wO+p?+On?wa
g/  then EMPH again xx+be.day+0/CS then 3+come+3p/SBD
e/  Then the next day they came back.
n/  [Second n? omitted in review.]
48)
u/ m?g?i kw??i-5?wOli-kigsk?agn?gy5 n?gl x?gsga.
m/ m?g?i wO+k??i  R?+wOl?  k?skO?w+?n?wa n?gl ax?s+a
g/ now 3+PERF/PV REP+finely/PV cut.up+3p?3?/SBD that.OBV hide+OBV
e/ And they had by then cut that hide up fine.
n/ [Tape: k[.]?i[gg] kigsk?awwgg 5?wOli kigsk?agn?gy5; when adding the preverb the speaker switched from 
 indicative to subordinative.]
49)
u/  kO?khit-x?nkwi=h?nt, O?nta-k??i- w?gmi w?gkwi -k?gsk?Ont n? x?gs.
m/  kO?khit x?nkw? =h?nt 
g/  very/PP big  HRSY 
m/  IC+Onta  k??i  w?gmi w?gkwi k?skO?w+Ont n? ax?s+0/
g/  xx+{smt}/PV PERF/PV all wholly cut.up+X?3/CC that.ANsg hide+ANsg
e/  That hide was a great big thing after it was all completely cut up.
n/  [/w?gkwi/: creaky at end; /kigsk?Ont n?/: k?g[?]k?O[nn]?, for /k?gsk?unt n?/.]
50)
u/ kwO?tgi ?gkOlink aluw?g?i=h?nt h?kgi mO?O?nOmogk.
m/ kwO?tgi ?gkOlink aluw?g?i =h?nt ahkOy+0/  mO?On+Om?k
g/ one acre  more.DIM HRSY land+SG get+3p?(0)/IND
e/ They acquired a little over an acre of land.
51)
u/ n?=nO ??g wun??gxgOn, w? ?Ow?nakw ?igm?gi n?=yu t5?pgign.
m/ n? n?  ??g  wOn??xOn+w  
g/ PRES that.INsg EMPH originate.from.{smwh}+0/SBD
m/ w?  ?Owanakw+0/   ??m?w? n? y? wOt+ap?+On
g/ this.ANsg Whiteman+ANsg forever PRES here 3+be+3s/SBD
e/ That?s the reason this whiteman stayed here forever.
n/ [/y?/: perhaps /y?h/.]
52)
u/ 5?gk m?g?i kOwegkwOnOmagkg?gnegn y? h?kgi.
m/ 5?gk m?g?i kO+w?hkwOnOmaw+Ok?n?n  y? ahkOy+0/
g/ and now 2+take.O2.all.away.from+X?12(+0)/IND this.INsg land+SG
e/ And now all this land has been taken away from us.
n/ [/kOw-/: [kw] with no clear [O].]
53)
u/  5?gk n? p??Ol=h?nt n?ni kwO?tgag? k?gnu kwigthukwegsg?gtga.
m/  5?gk n?  p??Ol+0/  h?nt n?ni kwO?tgag? k?gnu wO+kOhtOhkw?s?t+a
g/  and that.ANsg chief+SG HRSY that.ANsg six HESN 3+toe+INpl
e/  And that chief was the one who had six toes (on each foot).
n/ [/kwO?tgag? k?gnu kwigthukwegsg?gtga/: dictated as a correction of (tape): [pause] pal?gnax [pause] k?gnu 
 [pause] ws?gtga [tape stopped] ?(he had) five feet?; /p??Ol/: explained elsewhere by the speaker as ?chief?s 
 assistant?.]
54)
u/  ??kw n?=nO p??i k?gnu w?gmi k?ku, p??i.
m/  ??kw n? n? p??i  k?gnu w?gmi k?ku p??i
g/  only PRES that.INsg as.far.as.{smthg} HESN all smthg as.far.as.{smthg}
e/  And that was all there was to it.
n/ [There is hesitation before the first /p??i/, before /w?gmi/, and before and 
 after the second /p??i/; exact meaning? second /p??i/ in 55?]
55)
u/ ?gla- ??g? k?ku -luw?gy5k n?gk aw?gnigk.
m/ ?la   ??g? k?ku OlOw?+wak n?gk  aw?n+?k
g/ be.unable.to/PV more smthg say.{so}+3p/IND those.ANpl someone+ANpl
e/ Those people couldn?t say anything more.
n/ [/?gla/: followed by [k], f.s. of /k?ku/.]
56)
u/ ??kw m?g?i kw??i- n?=nO -lOsgign?gy5.
m/ ??kw m?g?i wO+k??i n? n? OlOs?+On?wa
g/ but now 3+PERF/PV PRES that.INsg do.{so}+3p/SBD
e/ But they had already done it.
n/ [After /n?nO/: [lgg], f.s.]
57)
u/ ak?g k5?ski-kwtOkgOnOma5gwOn?gy5 nO? k?ku, egls?htigt.
m/ ak?g wO+kask?   kwOtOkOnOmaw+?wOn?wa  
g/ NEG 3+be.able.to/PV take.O2.back.from+3p?3?(+0)/IND/NEG
m/ nO? k?ku IC+OlOs?+hOt?t
g/ that.INsg smthg xx+do.{so}+3p/PPL(OBL)
e/ They couldn?t take the thing back from them, what they had done.
n/ [/k?ku/: fades, with voiceless [uR ]
58)
u/ n?=nO ??g O?nta-p??i-xk5hk?htigt, kOkhit?glogk n?gk aw?gnigk.
m/ n? n?  ??g  IC+Onta p??i kwaxkak?+hOt?t
g/ PRES that.INsg EMPH xx+{smt}/PV come/PV cross.over+3p/CC 
m/ RO`+kOht?l+wak n?gk  aw?n+?k
g/ REP+be.many those.ANpl someone+ANpl
e/ When those people came across there was a lot of them.
59)
u/ n?=nO wO?n?i- nkOm?ge -maht?gkegn.
m/ n? n?  wOn??  nkOm?ge matahkeg+On
g/ PRES that.INsg from.{smthg}/PV always fight+X/SBD
e/ That?s why there was always fighting.
n/ [/-maht?gkegn/: fades at end.]
60)
u/ x?ntki k?hti-wegkwigh?g5k y?gk awegnhak?gy5k, w?gmi awegnh?ke.
m/ x?ntki kat?  w?hkw?h+?wak y?gk aw?nahk?w+ak w?gmi aw?nahk?w+0/
g/ finally almost/PV kill.off+X?3p/IND these.ANpl tribe+ANpl all tribe+ANsg
e/ Finally these other tribes were pretty nearly all killed off, every tribe.
n/ [Pitch falls at comma and period; /awegnh?ke/: /-e/ partly voiceless, repeated as /awegnhak?gy5k/.]
61)
u/ wegkwigh?g5k.
m/ w?hkw?h+?wak
g/ kill.off+X?3p/IND
e/ They were all killed off.
n/ [Pitch rise on last syllable.]
62)
u/ n?l=n? Custer, tO?li-wegkw?ghagn y?gl awegnhak?gy5.
m/ n?l n?  Custer wOt+Ol? w?hkw?h+?n  y?gl aw?nahk?w+a
g/ PRES that.ANsg (name) 3+{so}/PV kill.off+3s?3?/SBD this.OBV tribe+OBV
e/ That Custer is the one who killed all these tribes.
n/ [Custer: as English. /y?gl/: /y/ inaudible; /awegnhak?gy5/: fades at end, /-5/ devoiced.]
63)
u/ n? 5?gk lOnagpg?gy5k, n?=nO w?n?i-p?gltign n?ke n?=y?kwe=??g O?nta-lehOlegxg?genk, y?=??g eglk?gkwink y? 
h?kgi, Ontalagws?enk lOnagpg?gy5k.
m/ n? 5?gk OlOn?p?w+ak  n? n? wOn?? p?lOt?+On n?ke
g/ then and Delaware+ANpl PRES that.INsg from.{smthg}/PV come.COLL+X/SBD then
m/ n? y?kwe ??g  IC+(On)ta(l?)  RVh+l?x?+y?nk y? ??g
g/ PRES now EMPH xx+{smwh}/PV REP+breathe+1p/PPL(OBL) this.INsg EMPH
m/ IC+OlOk??hkwOn+k   y?  ahkOy+0/  IC+(On)tal?wOs?+y?nk  OlOn?p?w+ak
g/ xx+be.{so}.big+0/PPL(OBL) this.INsg land+INsg xx+live.{smwh}+1p/PPL(OBL) Delaware+ANpl
e/ And also in the case of the Delawares, that?s why people back then came to this place where we are living 
 now, to this whole area of land here, where we Delawares live.
64)
u/ ?gli n?=nO ww?n?i- n?=y? -pagn?gy5, ?gli-s5?gmi-wig?gagshat?htigt wO?le t?li O?nta-maht?gkenk.
m/ ?gli  n? n?  wO+wOn??  n? y? p?+On?wa
g/ because PRES that.INsg 3+from.{smwh}/PV PRES this.INsg come.{smwh}+3p/SBD
m/ IC+Ol?   wOs?m? w???saht?+hOt?t wO?le t?li IC+(On)ta(l?) matahk?+Onk.
g/ xx+{so}/PV too.much/PV be.scared.COLL+3p/CC over.there {smwh} xx+{smwh}/PV fight+X/PPL(OBL)
e/ Because that?s the reason why they came here, because they were so scared over there where there was 
 fighting.
n/ [/ww?n?i/: only single [w] audible; followed by [wggygg]. f.s.; /-maht?gkenk/: /-enk/ devoiced.]
65)
u/ n? l?pi n?=y?=??g O?nta-p?htigt, k?ku y?gni p?g 5?gk y? t?li-maht?gkegn.
m/ n? l?pi n? y? ??g IC+Onta p?+hOt?t
g/ then again PRES this.INsg EMPH xx+{smt}/PV come.{smwh}+3p/CC
m/ k?ku y?gni p?g 5?gk y? (On)ta(l?) matahk?+On
g/ smthg this.INsg ?? and this.INsg {smwh}/PV fight+X/SBD
e/ And again when they got here, here there was fighting here too.
n/ [/k?ku y?gni p?g/ (idiom): ?it?s here? (OA); /-maht?gkegn/: fades at end, unclear.]
66)
u/ ??kw kOkhit?gli=h?nt nhilag?nka lOnagpgegy?nka, 5?gk y?gk p?gli awegnhak?gy5k.
m/ ??kw kOkhit?gli =h?nt nOhl+?wOnka OlOn?p?w+Onka 
g/ but great.many HRSY kill+X?3p.abs Delaware+ANpl.abs 
m/ 5?gk y?gk  p?gli  aw?nahk?w+ak
g/ and these.ANpl different tribe+ANpl
e/ But a lot of Delawares were killed, and of these other tribes.
67)
u/ ??kw n?=nO l?gxgOn=?t weg?gtgOt kig?geglOm?kg5nkw tO?li-nahkOnO?mOn nO? O?nta-maht?gkenk.
m/ ??kw n? n?   Ol?xOn+w  =?t weg?gtgOt 
g/ but PRES that.INsg happen.{so}+0/SBD DUB I.guess
m/ (IC+)k???lOm+Okwankw wOt+Ol? nakOn+OmOn
g/ xx+create+3?1p/PPL(ANsg) 3+{so}/PV stop+3s?0/SBD 
m/ n?  IC+Onta matahk?+Onk
g/ that.INsg xx+{smt}/PV fight+X/CC
e/ But I guess it must have been that our Creator stopped that war.
n/ [/kig?geglOm?kg5nkw/: preceded by [kig?geglOmigg], f.s. for /kig?geglOm?enk/ ?our creator (voc.)?. 
/-maht?gkenk/: /-enk/ devoiced]
68)
u/ m?g?i k??i- kOkhit?gli -nhilag?nka lOnagpgegy?nka.
m/ m?g?i k??i  kOkhit?gli nOhl+?wOnka OlOn?p?w+Onka
g/ now PERF/PV great.many kill+X?3p.abs/IND Delaware+ANpl.abs
e/ Now a great many Delawares have been killed.
69)
u/ ak?g ??g? p?gli=?g k?ski- p?gli -ahp?gi lOn?gpge ??g? nO? eglagws?htigt nik?hke eglankogmankpan?nka.
m/ ak?g  ??g?  p?gli  =?g kaski p?gli ap?+w?  OlOn?p?w+0/  ??g?
g/ NEG more different POT be.able.to/P different be+3s/IND.NEG Delaware+ANsg yet
m/ n?  IC+Ol?wOs?+hOt?t nik?hke  IC+Olank?m+ankwOpanOnka
g/ that.INsg xx+live.{so}+3p/PPL(OBL) that.PL,OBV.ABS xx+be.related.to+12?3/PRET.PPL(PL,OBV.ABS)
e/ There couldn?t still be any more Delawares living still the way our relatives of old did.
n/ [Alternative elicited from OA: /ak?g ??g? k?ski- p?gli=?g -ahp?gi lOn?gpge/; /-ankpan?nka/ (volunteered by 
OA): for this the tape has perhaps /-enk/, with hesitation; this was repeated as /-ankw/.]
70)
u/ ??kw n?=nO nOwO?n?i- y?kwe=y?=??g m?g?i n?g ... n?=nO ntO?li- x?gha -lehOl?gxgegn.
m/ ??kw n? n?   nO+wOn??  y?kwe y? ??g m?g?i n?g
g/ but PRES that.INsg 1+from.{smt}/PV now this.INsg EMPH now 1s.EMPH
m/ n? n?  nOt+Ol?  nax?ha RVh+l?x?+On
g/ PRES that.INsg 1+{so}/PV alone REP+breathe+1s/SBD
e/ And that?s the reason why I now here ... it?s that I?m the only one alive.
n/ [/n?g/ followed by [nikggg], f.s.; /-lehOl?gxgegn/ fades at end.]
71)
u/ y?kwe=y?=??g wigkg?gtgiag n?g x?gha y? nt?pgign.
m/ y?kwe y?  ??g (IC+)w?k?t?+y?(n)   
g/ now this.INsg EMPH xx+dwell.{smwh}.DIM+1s/PPL(OBL) 
m/ n?g nax?ha y? nOt+ap?+On
g/ 1s.EMPH alone this.INsg 1+be.{smwh}+1s/SBD
e/ Now I?m the only one that?s here in my little home.
72)
u/ t?gmse=h?nkw nkw?gla-leglO?ntam.
m/ t?gmse  =h?nkw nO+kw?la Ol?lOnt+am
g/ sometimes usually 1+at.a.loss/PV think.{so}+1s(-O)/IND
e/ Sometimes I don?t know what to do.
73)
u/ ??kw=h?nkw nt?te, kig?eglOm?kg5nkw=t? w?=t? nkegnahkihk?gna.
m/ ??kw =h?nkw nOt+?te 
g/ but usually  1+think 
m/ (IC+)k???lOm+Okwankw  =t? w? =t? nO+k?nak?h+Ok?na
g/ xx+create+3?1p/PPL(ANsg) FOC this.ANsg FOC 1+take.care.of+3s?1p/IND
e/ But I always think that our creator is taking care of us.
n/ [/kig?g-/: [?gig?g-], anticipating the later /nk-/.]
74)
u/ n?=h?nkw=y?=??g O?nta-k?ski-pOnagelO?ntamag, noglam?lsi=h?nkw.
m/ n? =h?nkw y?   ??g IC+Onta kask? pOnaw?lOnt+am?(n)
g/ PRES usually this.INsg EMPH xx+{smt}/PV be.able.to/PV think.about+1s?0/CC 
m/ nO+wOlam?lOs?+0/   =h?nkw 
g/ 1+feel.good+1s/IND usually 
e/ When I can think about that I feel better.
n/ [/n?=h?nkw=y?=??g/: [nah?ngwu??g].]
75)
u/ ??kw n?=nO ntihOlO?nOmOn.
m/ ??kw n? n?   nOt+Rih+OlOn+OmOn
g/ but PRES that.INsg 1+HAB+do.{so}+1s?0/SBD
e/ That?s all I do.
n/ [/n?=nO ntihOlO?nOmOn/: [n?nN nd?hOlO`nOmOn].]
76)
u/ ak?g nogwagt?gwOn nt?hOli- aw?gn -?aniglag?hagn.
m/ ak?g nO+wOw?ht+?wOn  nOt+Rih+Ol? aw?n+0/   ?an?law?h+?n
g/ NEG 1+know+1s?0s/IND.NEG 1+HAB+{so}/PV someone+ANsg mistreat+1s?3/SBD
e/ I don?t know that I ever mistreat anybody.
77)
u/ n?=h?nkw=nO=??kw nk?tga-migkO?ntamOn.
m/ n? =h?nkw n?  ??kw nO+kata  m?hkOnt+amOn
g/ PRES usually that.INsg but 1+want.to/PV do+1s?0/SBD
e/ That?s all I want to do.
78)
u/ w?gltOk k?ku nOw?gtgOnOm.
m/ IC+wOlOt+Ok    k?ku nO+w?tOn+Om
g/ xx+be.good+0/PPL(INsg) smthg 1+take+1s?(0)/IND
e/ I choose the best thing.
79)
u/ w?gmi noglankogm?gak aw?gnigk, ?lli y?gk ??g y? ?Ow?nahkogk.
m/ w?gmi nO+wOlank?m+?wak aw?n+?k
g/ all 1+be.on.good.terms.with+1s?3p someone+ANpl 
m/ ?lli y?gk   ??g y? ?Owanakw+ak
g/ even these.ANpl EMPH this.INsg whiteman+ANpl
e/ I?m on good terms with everyone, even these white people here.
n/ [/noglankogm?gak/: tape [-?gak], repeated as [-?g5k].]
80)
u/ ntah5gl?gak.
m/ nOt+?hw?l+?wak
g/ 1+like+1s?3p/IND
e/ I like them.
n/ [ntah5gl?gak: tape [-?gak], repeated as [-?g5k].]
81)
u/ ak?g k?ku ntihOlihkogw?gy5k y?kwe=??g w?gkgiag.
m/ ak?g k?ku nOt+Rih+Ol?h+Ok?w?wak  y?kwe ??g (IC+)w?k?+y?(n)
g/ NEG smthg 1+HAB+do.{so}.to+3p?1s/IND.NEG now EMPH xx+dwell.{smwh}+1s/PPL(OBL)
e/ They never do anything to me here where I live.
82)
u/ noglah??hkogk=h?nkw, ?gli n?gpe n?=nO ntihOlO?nOmOn,
m/ nO+wOla??h+Ok?k =h?nkw
g/ 1+treat.well+3p?1s/IND usually 
m/ ?gli  nO+?gpe n?  n? nOt+Rih+OlOn+OmOn
g/ because I+also PRES that.INsg 1+HAB+do.{so}+1s?0/SBD
e/ They always treat me well, because that?s the way I do, too.
n/ [/ntihOlO?nOmOn/: [-ORnR ] inaudible]
83)
u/ nk?tga-=h?nkw -wOlankogm?gak.
m/ nO+kata =h?nkw wOlank?m+?wak
g/ 1+want.to/PV usually be.on.good.terms.with+1s?3p/IND
e/ I always want to be on good terms with them.
n/ [/-?gak/: repeated as [-?g5k].]
84)
u/ n?=nO ??kw ntO?li-k?ski- k?ku -l?wegn.
m/ n? n?  ??kw nOt+Ol? kask?  k?ku OlOw?+On
g/ PRES that.INsg only 1+{so}/PV be.able.to/PV smthg say.{so}+1s/SBD
e/ That?s all I can say.
85)
u/ weg?gtgOt x? tOt? lOkh?kwi, weg?gtgOt x? ta=?g ??g? lOn?gpge pOmagws?gi.
m/ weg?gtgOt x? tOt? OlOk??hkw? 
g/ I.guess FUT whatever at.{such}.time 
m/ weg?gtgOt x? t? =?g ??g? OlOn?p?w+0/  pOm?wOs?+w?
g/ I.guess FUT NEG POT more Delaware+ANsg live+3s/IND/NEG
e/ I guess some day, I guess there won?t be any Delawares still living.
86)
u/ ?gli y?gk tak5?gkigk aluw?gi k?hta-?Owanahk5gws?wak.
m/ ?gli  y?gk  tak5?gk+?k alOw?w? kata ?Owanakw?wOs?+wak
g/ because these.ANpl other+ANpl more want.to/PV live.like.whiteman+3p/IND
e/ Because these others would rather live like white people.
n/ [/aluw?gi/: extra-high pitch and stress.]
87)
u/ n?g=?t x?gha ntO?li-wOlagmh?tamOn y? O?nta-lehOlegxg?genk l5?gmOwe n??i.
m/ n?g  =?t nax?ha nOt+Ol? wOl?mOht+amOn y? IC+Onta RVh+l?x?+y?nk
g/ 1s.EMPH DUB only 1+{so}/PV believe+1s?0/SBD this.INsg xx+{smt}/PV REP+breathe+1p/CC 
m/ l5?gmOwe n??i 
g/ long.ago ago
e/ I guess I?m the only one that believes in the way we used to live long ago.
n/ [/O?nta/: foll. by [x], f.s.]
88)
u/ y?h, n?=nO ??hkan?.
m/ y?h n? n?   ??hkan?
g/ well! PRES that.INsg entirely
e/ Well, that?s all.
89)
u/ x? tOt? egl?gxgink y? ??g y?kwe O?nta- k?ku -luw?yag.
m/ x? tOt?  IC+Ol?xOn+k 
g/ FUT whatever xx+happen.{so}+0/PPL(OBL)
m/ y?  ??g  y?kwe IC+Onta k?ku OlOw?+y?(n)
g/ this.INsg EMPH  now  xx+{smt}/PV smthg say.{so}+1s/PPL(OBL)
e/ Whatever happens will be the way I?m telling it now.
90)
u/ tOt?=? sh?ki weg?gtgOt mpOnt?gkwsi O?nta- k?ku -luw?gyag, t?g5ni=? m?g?i m?ta mpOmagws?gi.
m/ tOt?  =? sahk?  weg?gtgOt nO+pOnt?kwOs?+0/  IC+Onta k?ku OlOw?+y?(n)
g/ whatever FUT {so}.long I.guess 1+be.heard+1s/IND xx{smt}/PV smthg say.{so}+1s/CC
m/ t?g5ni  =? m?g?i m?ta nO+pOm?wOs?+w?
g/ although FUT now NEG 1+live+1s/IND.NEG
e/ Forever, I guess, I will be heard when I talk, even after I?m no longer living.
n/ [/mpOm-/: [mbOnggmbOn].]
91)
u/ ??kw n?=nO l?-wOlO?t=?t.
m/ ??kw n? n?   Ol? wOlOt+w =?t
g/ but PRES this.INsg {so}/PV be.good+0/SBD DUB
e/ But I guess that?s all right.
92)
u/ ak?g nk?ski-ligtgegh?ga mah??gkwi=t? k?ku mpOnagelO?ntam, 5?gk nOma?galogk?gsgi.
m/ ak?g nO+kask? Ol?t?h?+w? mah??gkwi =t? k?ku nO+pOnaw?lOnt+am
g/ NEG 1+be.able.to/PV think.{so} bad  FOC smthg 1+think.about+1s?(0)/IND 
m/ 5?gk nO+ma?al?hk?s?
g/ and 1+do.bad.thing+1s/IND
e/ I can?t think that I?m contemplating anything wrong, or doing a bad thing.
n/ [/mah??gkwi/: preceded by [ma% v? mah?ig], f.s.]
93)
u/ may?gi nt?te noglalogk?gsgi, y?kwe=y?=??g O?nta-lO?nOmag.
m/ may?w? nOt+?te  nO+wOlal?hk?s?+0/   y?kwe y? ??g IC+Onta OlOn+Om?(n)
g/ truly  1+think/P 1+do.good.thing+1s/IND now this.INsg EMPH xx+{smt}/PV do.{so}+1s?0/CC
e/ I really think I?m doing the right thing, in what I?m doing now.
n/ [/nogl-/: preceded by [nogl], f.s.; /y?kwe=y?=??g O?nta-lO?nOmag/: repeated as: /y?kwe=??g O?nta- y? -lO?nOmag/]
94)
u/ ?gli ak?g ??g? p?gli aw?gn lehOlegxg?ge O?nta-k?ski-wO?li-allOn?gxsigt.
m/ ?gli  ak?g ??g? p?gli aw?n+0/   RVh+l?x?+w?
g/ because NEG more different someone+ANsg REP+breathe+3s/IND/NEG
m/ IC+Onta  kask? wO`l? R?+OlOn?xOs?+t
g/ xx+{smt}/PV be.able.to/PV well/PV REP+speak.Delaware+3s/CC
e/ Since there is no one else still living who can talk Delaware well.
95)
u/ n?g=?t x?gha ntO?li-m?gwsign.
m/ n?g  =?t nax?ha nOt+Ol?  m?wOs?+On
g/ 1s.EMPH DUB alone 1+{so}/PV be.the.only.one+1s/SBD
e/ I guess I?m the only one.
96)
u/ n?=nO ??hkan?.
m/ n? n?  ??hkan?
g/ PRES that.INsg entirely
e/ That?s all.
97)
u/ wanO??gi.
m/ wanO??gi
g/ thank.you
e/ Thank you.
n/ [Followed by ?That?s all.? in English.]