ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL
BASED ON DATA COLLECTED BY GEORGE HUNT
By FRANZ BOAS

CONTENTS-
VII. The Social Divisions of the Kwao'ul
Page.
Divisions and names of chiefs 795
Ancestors and places of origin of the numayms 802
Paintings and house dishes of the social divisions of the Kwag'ul 805
Names of the Kwag'ul eagles and numayms. 820
VIII. Family Histories
Wail of LlaLlEqwasila, a Gwa^sela woman 836
Wail of L!aL!aq61, a Naklwaxda^x" woman 885
History of the MaSmtagula 891
The Maamtagila 938
Marriage with the Comox 951
Marriage with the Nak Iwax'da^x" 1003
History of the DzEndzEnx'q!ayo 1080
TheLaxsa 1093
The Elgfmwe^ 1104
Story of the LELEgede, Qlomk'lutlEs, Kwag'ul - - 1117
Waxap!alas6^ 1121
Legend of the GexsEm, Nak!wax'da^x" 1179
KwExagiia 1221
Bax"bakwalanux"siwE^ 1222
Legend of the Naxnaxu-la, Qweq^sotlEnox" ' 1249
Story of the NaEnsxa of the Koskimo 1256
Origin of the abalone names of the AwiklEnox" 1261
Origin of the abalone names of the Gwa^sEla 1269
IX. Songs
Song of a speaker 1279
La'qoLas' song 1282
Song of Ewanux"dze 1285
Song of TsEx^wid 1286
Song of Qlumxod 1287
Song of Llasoti^walis 1288
Song of L!aqwadze 1289
Song of Qwaxila 1290
Feast song of NEg'iidzE 1291
Mourning song for Moda^na 1292
Feast song 1293
Shaman's songs 1294
Shaman's songs 1296
Love song 1298
Retort to the preceding love song 1299
Love-song of TsakBdEk" 1301
Song of MEnmEnlEqElas 1303
Song of the same after his return 1304
VII
Vni CONTENTS
Page.
Love-aong of the dead 1306
Parting song 1307
Parting song 1309
Workingman's song 1310
Song of the Warrior K'llEm 1311
Song of the son of Chief HEJamas of the Naklwaxda^x" 1312
Song of the daughter of a workingman 1313
Soug of chief's daughter 1314
Song of parents who want to wake up their son 1315
Song of parents who want to wake up their daughter 1315
X. Addenda
Dog hair 1317
Prayer of the salmon-fisher 1318
Prayer of the halibut-fisher 1318
Prayer of a man who has been bewitched 1327
Prayer to the lark 1328
Disposal of property of a deceased person 1329
The spirits of the fire 1331
Tribute to the chief 1333
Marriage laws ' 1344
Property rights 1345
Inheritance 1348
Domestic quarrels 1358
Blood revenge 1359
War against the Sanetch 1363
Neqap!enkem's war song against the Banetcli 1380
Murder after the death of a Gwats!enox" child 1381
The Kwakiutl settle at Qalogwis 1386
XI. Vocabulary
Abbreviations 1389
Kwakiutl-English 1390
English-Kwakiutl 1439
XII. Critical Remarks
Critical remarks 1467
Index 1475
:::: :: : —: : :
ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL
By Franz Boas
VII.—THE SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAGUL
Divisions and Names of Chiefs
I. gwetela (kwexamot)
1. Mafimtag'ila
Name for Male. Female.
Child: Wawalk'ine Wawalk'inega
Youth: L lesdaq XiisEla
Prince or princess YaqoLas K- ledele^lak"
Chief or chieftainess ^maxuyalidze L!aL!aquMak"
Feast:
Warrior:
Gwegutsa KManamaxsta K'lEnga
Ceremonial HSmsbe^ HamasEwIde
(Society) (Hamsh&mts !es) (H&mshamts !es)
House ^uEmsgEmsalaLElas 10
Dog: WawadeLla
Canoe LlaqwasgEm
Place of origin K' lodagala
2. Loyalalawa
Child: WalaganEm WalaganEmga 15
Youth: K' lEnwis G'Elexwits!a
Prince or princess: LlaqusdesElas LapElasog'i^lak"
Chief or chieftainess: TslEx^ed LElelElas
Feast
Warrior: 20
Gwegutsa: Hanag'atsle K" !anawega
Ceremonial: ^nawis Togtimalis
(Society) (H&msham ts !es) (TQx^vid)
House ^mEmx'&sgEm
Dog: L lagEgwats !e 25
Canoe: L laqwasgEm
Place of origin: K' lodagala
795
: ::: : :: : —: : o
796 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. sr.
1 3. GexsEm
Name for Male. Female.
Child: Wageday Wagedayugwa
Youth Qlomas Ts!Ex-ts!ek"
Prince or princess: GayoLEJas ^maxulayu^a
5 Chief or chieftainess K'Imk'EqEWid TslEtsiaial
Feast
Warrior K'ilEmalag'ilis
Gwegutsa: Xawaatsle Qwequloyo
Ceremonial Ages ^nawis
10 (Society): (H&mshamts !es) (H&mshfimts !es)
House: X'its!ax"i^lats!e
Dog: GegExsta
Canoe Alewats !e
Place of origin: K-!aq!a
15 4. Kiikwaklum
Child: G'lyaqa Giyaqaga
Youth: Wabido^ K-EL!a
Prince or princess: TsEx^wId K- lox-'se^stilrMak"
Chief or chieftainess NEqap'.Enk'Em X'lx^Emg'ilayugwa
20 Feast: Kwaxilanokume^ MElede
Warrior: 'yag-is
Gwegutsa T !et !ESEmx-ts !ana QswegEm
Ceremonial Llax'Elag'ihs Hehkimeg'ilis
(wSociety) (Hamats !a) (Kinq&laLEla)
25 House: Hamanekwila Dzonoqiwa
Dog: T!Ext!aq!od
Canoe: EdEmkwaq
Place of origin: Waq !anak"
5. SeuLlEm
30 Child: Wadzid Wadzidalaga
Youth: lIeweIs QlExmen
Prince or princess: WaiEwid Hamalak'alEmega
Chief or chieftainess: ^nEmSgwis L laqwag'ilayugwa
Feast Kwax'ilanokume- MEnledzas
35 Warrior:
Gwegutsa: Ts!aqa LlEma^is
Ceremonial L !emElxk" !alag"llis Hayalik' !ede
(Society) (Harnhfimts !es) (Hayalik ila])
House T!ot!osgEm
40 Dog: SenLle
Canoe MEmxosEla
Place of origin: Ylq !amen
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 797
6. Laaiax"a^Endayo
Name for—
:: : : : : —:
798 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
2. HaanaLenS,
Name for Male. Female.
Child: Adag'ilis Adagilisga
Youth: X'imayo X'Imayugwa
Prince or princess: TsEx^wid LElk" lElyugwa
5 Chief or chieftainess: YiixLEn LelElk'Iala
Feast
Warrior
Gwegiitsa Nux"nemis Helek'lalaga
Ceremonial: ^nax'nEwisElag'llis Nawalakume
10 (Society): (HilmshamtslEs) (Tox^wid)
House: Q!aats!e
Dog: HauLEmbe^
Canoe: SisEyuLEmala
Place of origin HanaLenEwaas
15 3. Yaex'agEme^
Child: Tsotaso^ Tsolasoga
Youth: Xwat !a Tsak'us
Prince or princess: YaqoLasEme^ Qlex'Lalaga
Chief or chieftainess: iJaqoLas Mok!uxwi^'lak"
20 Feast: Kwakux'alas PoLide
Warrior:
Gwegutsa: QaqEsbEndala TslEx'axtosElas
Ceremonial: ^nfix'q lESElagilis Helik'Imegilis
(Society) (Hamshamts !es) (Hayalik-ilal)
25 House: AmxsEm g'ok"
Dog: G'ogundzes, QlE'ltsEm
Canoe Winaats !e
Place of origin: XiidzEdzalis
4. Ha^yalik^awe
30 Child: Wisadze GrEuaga
Youth: K- !enax" MEnga
Prince or princess: LlaLlalawis K' lasogwi^lak"
Chief or chieftainess: HaxuyosEme^ Hayalik'awega
Feast
35 Warrior: GwaxuLayag"llis
GwegQtsa: YalEla P!ELxEla
Ceremonial: ^na^no^wis NEnx"nEng1lis
: :: : : : : '
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 799
Name for— Male. Female.
(Society) (H&mshamts!Es) (Bear)
House: Heleg'ats!e
Dog: Heleg'ano 40
Canoe: Gwex'sEinala
Place of origin: LE^lad
5. Laxsa
Child: Witalai (jEnagalal
Youth: Bagwane^ Ek- !axLa 45
Prince or princess: Lalak'otsia LEx^lEgudzEmga
Chief or chieftainess: ^maxiiyalisEme^ ^nax'nag'Em
Feast Kwax'se^stala LlEnk'Elas
Warrior: ^ya^g'edEnol
Gwegutsa: X'ix'EqEla DadoxsEme 50
Ceremonial NEnologEme* NolEme^stalldzEmga
(Society) (Nulmai) (NolEm)
House Hoqulaelas
Dog: QlEltsEm
Canoe (No canoe-name) 55
Place of origin: LE^lad
6. G'igilgam
Child: Nole^lak" Winaga
Youth: MEintsalal Mamana
Prince or princess: Llal-'id ^walasLala 60
Chief or chieftainess K !wak Iwabal asEme^ Le^lenox"
Feast PoLede^stala MEnledaas
Warrior Waleba^ye
Gwegiitsa: WabEtols ^nEmxsaxLals
Ceremonial NEnk"as^6 ^na^naqwayed 65
(Society) (Bear) (Paxaialal)
House G'okustalis
Dog: Yaselana
Canoe Alewats !e
Place of origm: K-!aq!a 70
III. ^WALAS KWAG'UL (LAQWI^LALA) 1
1. DzEndzEnx'q !ayo
Child: Deyadeas g'iyadze G'iyaga
Youth: Se?;ulas Wabido'
Prince or princess: Hayalk"EngEme' ^ma?^iiJayugwa
1 All the names of the L&xsa are newly invented.
::::: ::: ::—
800 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETII. ANN. 35
Name for Male. Female.
6 Chief or chieftainess: Yax'LEn Hawepalayugwa
Feast: MElnedzadze HogweqElas
Warrior K-ilEm
Gwegutsa: Hanag'Id Lalk-!u
10 Ceremonial: Gwa^yokulagilis L!aqosElag"Ilis
Gewas
(Society) (Hamats !a) (HSmsh&mts !es)
House: ^nawalagwats !e
Dog: Ylxumlats !e
15 Canoe: Kwekumala
Place of origin: L!aL!Eq!uxLa
2. Waw&libS,^ye (and Hemaxsdo)
Child: Aadol Adiigalol
Youth: ^mEk"ala YasEk"
20 Prince or princess: Aomak'En L!a'qwal
Chief or chieftainess: Yaqal^Enala L!aqwael
Feast MElnedzas MamEnlol
Warrior HemotElaso^
Gwegutsa: XodzEnod PepExala
25 Ceremonial: Hox^wetaso^ X'lts !anede
(Society) (HSmshimts !es) (Tox^wid)
House: G'6x"g'okuleg"e
Dog: K'alakwa
Canoe Wine^sta^latsle
30 Place of origin: ^nalaxLala
3. G"exsEm
Child: G'i^yaqa G'Pyaqaga
Youth: Klwete^ Wagalos
Prince or princess: YaqoLas 'maxulayugwa
35 Chief or chieftainess: LaLellLla TElts !aas
Feast Kwax'se^staladze EL!Enk'Elas
Warrior K'ek'alElayo
Gwegutsa: LlEmsetaso^ K"ek"ExElaga
Ceremonial: ^nax"danadze G"Igameq lolEla
40 (Society): (H^mshSmts !es) (NulEmal)
House BEx"se^stalek"
Dog: T Isokuye
Canoe Alewatsle
Place of origin: K- !aq !a
BOAS J SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 801
IV. q!6mkMut!es (lo-'elq !Wenox")
802 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. no
Ancestors and Places of Origin of the Numayms
i. gwetela
1 Lo^yalal, the younger brother of L'.aqwagila. His father was
^maxiiyahdze, that is Matag'ila. He first built his house at
|
K'!otlagahx. Agwihiyugwa was a girl among the children of
|
Matag'ila, that is -maxuyalidze, at K'lodagala. LEnslEndzEiu
]
5 was the youngest one among the children of Matag"ila, that
||
is ^maxiiyalidze, who had three sons and one daughter.
|
|
Kukwak'.um, the first one came down at the place called Waq!a-
|
nak"'.j
10 Seni.'.Em, the first one came down at a place called Ylqlfimen.
||
|
Laalax^s^Endayo came down at Tdyagol in the bay of Tsaxis.
|
Elgiin^we^ also came down at Tayagol, for he was the younger
brother of Lalax's'Eiidayo.
|
|
II. QloMOYA^Yli
15 Kukwaklum, the first one came down at the place called Waq'.a-||
nak", for the Kiikwaklum first scattered when ^maxwa,
|
chief of the Maamtag'ila of the Kwag-ul, was killed.
|
|
HaanaLeni\, the first one came down at the place called Hana-
|
LenEwaas.p
I. GWETELA
1 Lo^yalal, ylx tsla^yaas L!aqwag"ila. Wa, la hcEm ompse ^maxuya-
lidze, yix Matag'ila. Wa, laEm he gH g-ox'walise KModagak.
Agwilayugwa; wa, heEm ts!Edaq!Eges sasEma Matag'ila, yix
^maxuyalidse, lax K' '.odagala. LEnslEiidzEm ; heEin S,ma-ymxes
5 sasEmas Matag'ila, yix ^maxuyalidze, yudukwe bEgwanEm
sasEins LE^wa ^iiEmokwe ts!Edaqa.
Kukwaklum, yixs hae g'ayaxalise g^alasexa awlnagwise LegadEs
Waqlanak".
SenLJEm, yixs hile g^ayaxalise g'aliisexa Awlnagwise LegadEs Yiq!a-
10 men.
Lafihax's^Enda3'0, yixs hae g'ayaxalise Tayagol lax oxLalisas Tsaxis.
Elgun^we^, yixs he^maaxat! g'ayaxalise Tayagol, yixs tsla^yaas
Lalax's^Endayo.
II. q!omoy.\'ye
Kukwak!um, yixs hae g'ayaxalise g'alasexa iiwinagwise LegadEs
15 Wriq!anak", yixs he^mae gil gwel^Idaatsa Kukwakkim, yixs lae
k' lelax'^ItsE^we ^maxwa, yix g-igftma^yasa MaSmtag'ilasa Kwa-
g-ul.
HaanaLena, yixs hae g'aj^axalise g'alasexa awlnagwise LcgadEs
HanaLenEwaas.
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 803
Yaex-agEme. He came down at XtidzEdzalis at the lower side of 20
the river of LEx'siwe^.
|
|
HaayaHk^awe, the first one came down at a place called ! LE^lad.
|
Laxsa. These also came down at LE^lad, for Laxsii
|| was the 25
younger brother of Helik-awe^.
|
G'Ig'ilgam, the fii-st one came down at the place called K-!aq!a,
|
for this is the real numaym of the ^walas Kwag'ul, and they
|
scattered when ^maxwa was killed, and they went to the
|
Q!omoya^ye, though some of the G-Ig-ilgam came from the
Q!6moya^ye.|| And therefore Maemalp!EngEm was sent away 30
by his numaym the G'Igilgam of the ^walas Kwagnil to the
I
|
Qlomoya^ye.
|
III. ^WALAS KWAG'UI,
DzEnx'qIayo, the first one came down at a place called LliiLlE-
|
q'.uxLa, inside the bay of Tsaxis.||
Waliba^ye, the first one came down at the place called ^nalax-
| 35
Lala; half way up Knight Inlet.
|
Hemaxsdo, the first one also came down at ^nalaxLala, for he was
|
the younger brother of waliba^ye.
|
Gig'ilgam, the first to come down was ^walas Kwax'Ilanokume,
the father of Omaxt lalaLe^ at the
|| place named K*!aq!a. 40
|
Yaex'agEme, ylxs hae g-ayaxalise XQdzEdzalis lax gwak- Iotas ^was 20
LEX'sIwa^ye.
Ha^yalikawe, yixs hae g-ayaxalise g-iilasexa awinagwise LegadEs
LE^lade.
Laxsii, yixs he-'maaxat! g'ayaxalise LE^lade, yixs ts!a^yanukwae
Helik'awa^yas Laxsii. 25
G'ig'ilgam, yixs hae g'ayaxalise g-alasexa awinagwise LegadEs
KMaqla, yixs hae ala ^nE^memaatsexa ^walas Kwag-ul. Wa,
he-'mis la gweHdaatsex lae k' lelax-^itsE'we ^miixwa qa^s la laxa
Q!omoya«ye, qaxs laxElaexa g'ayuie laxa G'igilg&maxa Qlomo-
yiVye. Wa, he^mis lag-ilas kayolEme MaemalplEiigEmdases 30
^UE^memota G-Jgilgamasa ^wiilas Kwag-ul qa^s la laxa Qlomo-
III. ^WALAS KWAG-U£
DzEux-qlayo, yixs hae g-ayaxalise g-alasexa awinagwise LegadEs
L'.aLlEqIiixLa lax oxxalisas Tsaxis.
Waliba^ye, yixs hiie g-ayaxalise g-alasexa Jlwinagwise LegadEs 35
^nalaxLfila laxa uEgoytVyasa wiinaldEmsas Dzawade.
Hemaxsdo, yixs he^maaxat! g-ayaxalise g-alase ^nsllaxLala, qaxs
tsla^yaas Williba^ye.
G-Ig-ilgam, yixs hiie gayaxalise 'wiilas Kwax-ilanokume, yix ompas
O^maxt !iilaLeyexa awinagwise LegadEs K-!aq!a. 4q
804 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [i:tu. ann. ss
41 G"exsEm. ^walas ^iiEmogwis also came clown at KMiiqla, for he|
was the younger brother of OmaxtlalaLe^. And Omaxt'.alaLe^
|
gave the name G'exsEm to his younger brother. When ^maxwa
was killed, some of the G"exsEm went to the GwetEla of
|
45 the Kwagnil. Therefore the GwetEla have G'exsEm, and they
II
also went to the Gosg'imux". The GexsEmx's^anal ai-e
|
G'exsEm, and there are also G'exsEm of the NaqEmg'ilisala,
|
and G'exsEm of the LlaLlasiqwala, and G'exsEm of the Na-|
k!wax'c!a^> ", and G'exsEm of the DEnax'da^x", and G'exsEm|
of the Haxwamis, and G'exsEm of the Wiwaqe. And all
50 these are referred to by the G'exsEm of the ^walas Kwa-||
g'uL as born of these G'exsEm, I all those whom I have
named among the different tribes,
j
This is referred to by the old people of the Kwag'ul as
"blown away by the past chief ^maxwa," when he was killed.
j
And also the same happened to the numaym of the G'lg'il-
|
55 gam, for they all come from the numaym of OmaxtlalaLe^jj |
Thc}^ scattered to all the tribes beginning at the time when|
^maxwa was killed, for there was only one numaym G'ig'll-|
gam of ^walas Kwax'ilanokume, the father of Omaxt!alaLe^.||
j
IV. q!omk'!ut!es
60 Leq'.Eni, the first one came down at the place called OsEq".
|
LCLEged, they also staid at OsEq", for Leqlsm was his elder
brother.
|
41 G'exsEm, yixs he^maaxat ! g'ayaxalise K' !aq !a, yix ^walas ^nEmogwis,
ylxs tslii^yaas O^maxtlalaLa^ye. Wii, he'raise 0^maxt!alaLa^ye
Lex^edEs G'exsEm laxes ts!a^ya. Wii, g'tPmese k' !elax'4tsE^we
^maxwa lae maxtleda waokwe G'exsEm laxa GwetElasa
45 Kwag'ule, lag'ilas G'e.xsEmnukwa GwetEla. He^misa la laxa
G6sg'imux"xa G'exsEmx's^anal, he^misa G'exsEm; he^misa
G'exsEmasa NaqEmg'ilisala l6^ G'exsEmasa L!aL!asiqwala lo-
G'exsEmasa Naklwax'da^x" lo^ G'exsEmasa DEnax'da^x" l6=
G'exsEmasa Haxwamis Lo^ G'exsEmasa Wiwaqe. Wa, yu-
50 wIstaEm gwE^yasa G'exsEmasa ^walas Kwag'ule maEmyuLEma
G'ig'exsEmaxsa laqEn LCLEqElaso^ oguxsEmak" lelqwSlaLa^ya.
HeEm gwE^yasa q !ulsq !ulyaxdasa Kwag'ule yame^stanosa g'i-
gftmayulae ^maxwa, ylxs lae k' lelax'^itsE^wa. Wa, heEmxaa-
wise gwex'^ideda ^uE^memotasa G'ig'ilgam, ylxs hemaaxat!
55 ^naxwa g'ayule ^nE^memotas O^maxt !alaLa^ya G'Ig'ilgamxwa
lax G'ig'ilgam gwel^Id laxwa ^naxwax lelqwalaLa^ya g'ag'l-
LEla lax ^maxwa, yixs lae k'lelax'^itsE^wa, yixs ^nEm^emae g'il
G'ig'ilgame 'nE^memotas ^walas Kwax'ilanokume, yix ompas
O^maxt lalaLa^ye.
IV. q!6mk'!ut!es
60 Leq!Em, ylxs hae g'ayaxalisa &wmagwise LegadEs OsEq".
LeLegede, heEmxaa la OsEq", yixs nolanokwaas LeqiEm.
boas] social, divisions of the kwag-ul 805
Paintings and House Dishes of the Social Divisions of the
KWAGXJI.
I. gwetela
1. MaSintag'ila. The front board of the house is painted with 1
coppers, one on each side of the door of the house. Tlie posts
I
|
on each side of the rear are grizzly bears, below on the floor,
and eagles are sitting on the heads of the grizzly bears, and
|
there is a copper on the chest of each eagle.
||
And on the grizzly bear also stands a man, and red cedar bark 5
|
is around the heads of the men. They are speaking-])osts and
|
therefore the two posts on each side of the door of the houss are
|
named "speaking-posts." These were obtained as supernatm-al
|
treasures by L'.aqwag'ila at the river of KModagala. This is the
great house named ^uEmsgEmsalaLElas. There are four house 10
II |
dishes in the large house, two eagle dishes, and one grizzly-bear
|
dish, and one wolf dish. They just stay in the house, and the
|
peo])le talk about them. I do not know why the chief of tho||
I
numaym Maamtag'ila, ^maxtiyalidze, never gave a feast. That is 15
all about this. This is called (/.'^Zs^m {that is "rotten face," one
I
who gives no feast).
|
2. Loyalalawa. On the outside of the front boards of the house
of TslExed, their chief, is the doublheaded serpent lying across
I
Paintings and House Dishes of the Social Divisions of the
KWAG'UL
I. gwetela
1. Maiimtag'ila, yixs k'latEmalae tsagEmases g'okwaxa L!aqwa 1
lax ^wax'sanex"sta^yasa tiEX'ilasa g'okwe. Wa, la LeLamasa ^wax'-
sotewalilas naneda baiiEnxalile. Wa, lit k!udzEtS,^ya kwekwe lax
oxLa^yasa nane. Wa, la pepaqlupEleda kwekwckwaxa LlaLlEqwa.
Wa, laxae nane bauEnxalilasa bEgwanEme la LaxutEwex oxLii- 5
^yasa nane. Wa, laEm L!agEx"b6le qeqEX'ama^yasa bebEgwanE-
me. Wii, la^niese yaq!Ent!Eqa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas Legadeda ina-
^le LCLamsa ^wax"s6tstalilasa tiEX'ilasa g'okwas yiiqlEntlEqe Lama.
Wa, heEm Logwes Llaqwag'ila lax was K"!6dagala, yixa ^walase
g'okwaxa Legadas ^nEmsgEmsalaLElas. Wa, lii mEwexLeda IoeI- 10
qwalile ha^nel laxa ^walase g'okwaxa ma^lEXLa kwekwa loqwalila.
Wii, he^misa ^uEmexLa nane loqwalila. Wa, he^misa ^nEmexLa
aLaiiEm loqwalila. Wa, a^mise hegwael laxa g-okwe. Wa, la asm
gwagwex's^alasa. Wa, la^mEn k'les qlaLElax k"!eselas k!welats!e-
noxwe gugflma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Maamtag'ile ^maxiiyalidze. Wa, 15
laEm laba laxeq.—HeEm LegadEs qlElsEm.
2. Loyalalawa, ylx gwalaasas L!asana^yas tsagEmas g'okwas
Ts!Ex^ede, ylx gIgS,ma^yas, ylxs sIsEyuLaes xwalewa^yas ogwaxta-
806 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
the top of the front boards of the house, and the thundor-bird
I
20 sits on the head of the man in the middle of the double headed
||
serpent. There is no painting on the front boards of the house-
|
This house was given in marriage by Hoxawid to his princess
|
LElelalas, for Iloxawid was chief of the numaym G'Ig'Elgam of
|
the Haxwamis. There are four house dishes in the house, one a
|
25 grizzly-bear dish, one a beaver dish, one a Dzonoqiwa dish, and|| |
one a wolf dish. And the name given in marriage is Kwakwa-
|
x'alas, a feast name of Chief Ts!Ex^ed. Tliat is all about this.
|
|
30 3. G'exsEm. The way the front of the house of Chief K-Emk'E-
||
qEwed is painted is a grizzly-bear ])ainting on each side of the
|
front of the house. It is not known where he got it, | or whether
he obtained it in war. That is all that is said about this.|
4. Ktikwaklum. They have no painting on the front of | their
house, but they have posts. They are Dzonoq'.was standing on||
35 grizzly bears, one on each side of the door, inside house, and
|
in the rear of the house there are hox^'hok" sitting on grizzly
bears. This house was given in marriage by YacjapEnlidze, a
|
chief who lived long ago and was chief of the numaym Mema-
|
g'ins of the Qweq"sot!enox", for NEqaplEnk'Em took for his wife
|
40 Yaqal^Enlidze's princess, whose name was L'.alelilayugwa, and
||
therefore the house was given to him in marriage. In the house
^yasa tsagEmasa g'okwe. Wa, la kiwaleda kunkunxiilig'e lax
20 oxLa^yas x'omsasa bak"awa^yasa sIsEyuLe. Wa, laEm k'leas kMatE-
mes tsagEmasa g'okwe. Wa, hcEm g'5kiilxLes Hoxawide qaeskMe-
deie, yix LElelalase yixs g'lgama^yae Hoxawidilsa ^uE^memotasa
;
G'ig'ilgamasa Haxwamis. Wa, la^me ha^nela mEwexLa loElqwalila
ha^nel laxa g'okwexa -nsmexLa nane loqwallla. Wii, he^misa ^ue-
25 mexLa ts!awa ioqwalila; wa, he^misa ^uEmexLa dz6noq!\va loqwalila;
wa, he^misa ^nEmexLa aLa^nEm loqwallla. Wa, he^mis LegEmg'Elx-
La^ye Kwakwaxalas qa k!weladzEXLay6sa g'igama^ye TslEx^ede.
Wa, laEm gwal laxeq.
3. G'exsEm, yix gwalaasas k" lata^yas tsagEma^yas g"okwas g'ig&-
30 ma^yase K'Euik'EqEwede, yixs ^wax"s6tstalasaeda nfine k'latEmes
tsagEma^yasa g'okwe. Wii, la^me k' !es q laLEle g'ayoLasaseq lo^
wPnanEmaq. Wa, laEm wale waldEme qae.
4. Kukwak!um, yixs kMeasa k"!atEmes tsagEmas iJasana^j'as
g'okwas, ogu-ia laxes LeLiime, yixs LeLaxwatayaeda dzonoqlwiixa
35 nenane lax ^wax'sotstalilasa awiLElasa g'okwe. Wa, la klwadzEta-
^ya hox"hokwexa nenane laxa ^wax'sotewalllas ogwiwalllasa g'okwe.
Wa, heEm g'okulxxes YaqapEnlidze yix g'Igamayolasa -nE'memotasa
Memag'insasa Qweq"s6t!enoxwe yixs gEg'adaeda g'igamayolae
NEqaplEnk'Emolas k'ledelas Yaqal^Enlidzeolaxa Legadiis Llalelila-
40 yugwa. Wa, he^mis g'axelas g'okiilxLa-'ya g'okwe. Wa, he-'mis
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 807
are four house dishes, one of the great house dishes
| is a Dzo- 41
iioq!wa, one of them a grizzly bear, and one a whale, and one
| |
a killerwhale. These are the four house dishes given in marriage
I
by Chief Yaqal^Enlidze for his princess Llalelllayugwa|| when she 45
married NEqap!Enk"Em. That is all I know about the numaym
|
|
Kiikwaklum of the GwetEla, for nothing was obtained as super-
natural treasure by their ancestors.
|
5. SenLlEm. They have painted on the front of their house
two suns, one on each side of the front of the outside of the 50
||
I
house. The house has no carved posts, and there are two
|
house dishes inside, both doubleheadcd serpents. These were also
]
obtained in marriage by Chief TsEx^wed from the chief of the nu-
|
maym NonEmasEqalis of the Lawets!es, LElak'Enes, for TsEx^wed
|
had for his wife the princess of LElak'Enes, LlaxxlsledzEmga.
|| 55
However, they never talk about the house given in marriage by
|
LElak'Enes, for the sun painting of the house belongs to the Sen-
LlEm. That is all about this.|
I
6. Laalaxs-Endayu. Their chief L'.aqwalal has no painting on
the house, but seven birds are sitting on top on the edge of the
[ || 60
outside of the house front. This was obtained as supernatural
treasure by LaleliLla, who was known as a great sea-hunter.
|
mExeL laqeda mEwexLa loElqwalllaxa ^uEmexxeda ^walase loqwalil 41
dz6noq!wa; wit, he^mesa ^uEmexLa loqwalile nane; wii, he-mesa
^nEmexLa loqwalil gwE^yEma; wii, he^mesa ^uEmexLa loqwalil
max^enoxwa. Wii, niEwexLeda ISElqwalile loqwaxLfisa g'Igamayole
YiiqapEnlidzeyola qaes k'ledelwiile L!iilelilayugwolaxs lae la^wadfis 45
NEqap !Enk'Em6le. Wii, heEni wiixEn q !iile haxa ^iiE^memotasa Ku-
kwiik!umasa GwetEla, yixs kMe^sae Logwalas g'ilg'alesas.
5. SenL!Em, yixs k'liitEmalae tsagEmas g'okwasexa ma^ltsEme
LlesEla, yixs ^nal^uEmae liixa ^wfix'sanoLEma^yas tsagEmas Llasana-
^yasa g'okwe. Wa, la k' le^s k' !as LeLiimas g'okwas. Wa, la malEx- 50
Lfida loElq !wa ha^nel laqxa ^niixwa^me sIsesEyuLaeda malExLa IoeI-
q !wa. LaEmxae ISqwaxLe laxa gigamayolae TsEx^wedola yis g'Tgtl-
mayolasa ^uE^memotasa NouEmasEqalisasa Liiwets!ese, ylx LElak'-
Eneswula, yixs gEg'adae TsEX-'wIdolas k"!edelas LEliik'Encswiilas
L!iix'L!EledzEmga. Wii, laEmLe k'les gwagwex's-iilase g-okiilxLa- 55
^yas LElak'Eneswille qaxs has^maaxa SenLlEme L'.esEla kMatEmeses
g'okwe. Wa, laEmxae gwal laxeq.
6; Laalax's^Endayo, yixs k'leasae k-!iltEmes g-Qkwas g-ig&ma-
^yase Lliiqwalal, yixs klwtlsiixta^yeda aLEbosgEme ts!ek!wa lax
ogwiixtiVyas tsiigEmas L!asana^yas g-dkwas. HeEm Logwes Liile- 60
liLlaxa ts!elwiila ^wiilas ale^winoxwa, yixs tslii^yae LaleliLliis L!a-
808 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. sb
62 LaleliLla was the younger brother of Llaqwalal. L'.aqwahil sent
|
his younger brother LaleliLla to hunt seals at Salots'.a,
| which is
called Nomas. He started from | LEx'siwe^, for it is said| that the
65 ancestors of the numaym LaS,lax"s^Endayu lived there. The name
||
of the steersman of LaleliLla is not given. It was evening when
|
they started for the island Salots'.a. The tide began to run out,
|
and the canoe was being turned around Then LaleliLla
|
warned his steersman, and told him not to be afraid, because
|
sea-hunters are not afraid of anything. Then they saw many
70 birds gathering at the place where they were being gathered ahead
|| of
the bow of the small hunting canoe. Then LaleliLla and
| his steers-
man paddled quickly. Then they nearly arrived
] at (the place)
where there were many bii-ds gathered. Then the top
] of the front
|
of a large house appeared from out of the sea. It was not there
75 for a long time. The house came out of the sea like
|| an island.
This was the house of Qlomogwa which was seen
| by LaleliLla.
Then he ran into the sea into the door of the great
| house com-
ing out of the sea. Then LaleliLla told his steersman
| that they
would go into the great house that came out of the sea. | The
80 steersman said, "Go on. Just paddle." Thus he said.
|| Then they
paddled, gohig with the tide, which ran into the door of the great
house that had come up from the sea. Then he went in with
|
his small huntmg canoe. I And it stood at the right-hand side of the
62 qwalal. Wa, la^lae ^yalaqe l laqwalalaxes tsla^ye LaleliLla qa las
aiexwax megwata lax Salotslaxa gwE^yowe Nomas g'ag'Elis lax
LEX'sIwe^ qaxs hiiaEl g'okfde g-flliisa ^uE^memotasa Laalax's-'En-
65 dayo. Wii, la-'me k'les LeqalasE-we klwaxLa^'yas LaleliLla. Wa, la-
Em^lawise dzaqwaxs lae LEx^ide LasgEmex Salotsla. Wa, la^lae
tslax'^ideda dEmsx'e. Wii, laEm^lae qsdosa. Wii, gwalElaEm^lawise
LaleliLla q laq lagEmlaxes klwaxLa^ye qak'leses k'ilElas qaxsk'lea-
sae kilEm es^alewinoxwe. Wii, laEm^lae doqwalaxa qleuEme tslei-
70 tslnklwa laEJ pEkwaxes pEkvvasE^wa lax nEqiig-iwa^yas tig'iwa^yas
rde^wasELElii xwaxwagunui. Wii, aEm^liiwise ^nEmtlla yiiya^na sexwe
LiileliLla LE^wes klwaxLa^ye. Wa, laEm^lawise Elaq lag'aa laxa
qleuEme ])Ekwa tsleltslEklwa g'iixaalase nel'ide ogwiixttVj^as tsiigE-
masa ^walase g-okustaLa^ya. Wii, k'ledzalae giilaxs g'iixae he^la
75 gwex's ^mEk'alaxa g'okustaLa^ye. Wa, hcEm g"ox"sa Qlomogwa^ye
la dogiilts LiileliLla. Wii, hiEm^lae tsEwcLEleda dEmsx^e ^wilp lax
tlExuliisa ^wiilase g'okusttxLa^ya. Wii, laEm'"lae LaleliLla sixk'lii-
laxes klwaxLa^ye qa^s Mag'I laeL laxa ^walase g-6kustaLa^ya. Wii,
tem^liiwise klwaxLa^yas ^nek'a: "Wiig"a, ^Em sex^wIdEx," ^nex'^lae.
80 Wii, lax'da''x"-lae se^weg'Endxa tslaeLEla lax tlEX'Iliisa-'wiilase g-okus-
taLa^ya. Wii, la^me laeL LE^wes alewasELEla xwaxwagiima. Wa,
la^lae hfing'alil laxa helk" lotewalllasa ^walase g'okustaLa^ya. Wa,
BOASl SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 809
great house that had come up from the sea. | Then LaleliLla saw 83
four house dishes standing in the rear of the great house that
|
had come up from the sea, one a whale dish, and one
|| killer- 85
whale dish, and one sealion dish, and one seal dish. Then
| | La-
lohLla heard what they said. "Now you have obtamed as super-
natural treasure this house that has come up from the sea,
|
and these four house dishes. Now go on, and club these sea-otters
as your supernatm-al treasure." Thus said what was heard by
|
him. Immediately LaleliLla stepped out of his little canoe.
|| He 90
clubbed the many sea-otters that were crawling about on the
floor of the house. As soon as his small canoe was full, he went
I
aboard. Then the sea began to flood the house, and the little
| |
canoe of LaleliLla floated. Then the great house that had come
up disappeared, and the canoe just floated on the open sea. La-
| || 95
leliLla went home to his village at LEx'siwe^, his canoe full of
sea-otters. Then he reported to his elder brother Llaqwalal that a
|
large house coming up from the sea had been seen; that they
|
had gone in, and that he had heard them saymg. "Now you
|
have obtained as supernatinal treasure this house that has come
up, and these four house dishes. Now club some of these sea-
|
otters here, for you obtained them as supernatural treasures.
Thus said what I heard," said LaleliL!a to his elder brother L'.a-
|| 100
qwalal as he reported to him. Now he gave what he had
| ob-
tained by good luck, the sea-otters and the four house dishes,
|
laEm^lae doqflle LaleliLlaxa loElqwallle mEwexLa ha^net laxa ogwi- 83
walilasa ^walase g'okustaLa^yaxa ^nsmexLa gwE^yEm loqwalila,
he^mesa ^nsmexLa max^enox" loqwalila, LE'wa ^UEmexLa Llex^En 85
loqwalila; wa, he^misa ^nEmexLa megwat loqwalila. Wa, la^Iae
LfileliLla wuLalaxa ^nek'a: "LaEins Logwalaxwa g'okustaLa^yex
LE^wa niEwexLax loqwalila. Wa, weg"a kwex^ed laxwa q!asax qa^s
Logwaos," ^nex'^lae wuLElas. Wa, hex'^idaEm^liiwise LaleliLla lalta
laxes xwaxwagume qa^s kwex^ede laxa q!asa q!euEm g'ilEmgililEla 90
laxa g'okwe. Wa, glPEm^'lawise qotla xwaxwagumaxs lae laxs laq.
Wa, la^me ])aoiElileda dEnisx'e ^wapa. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise ])Ex^walile
xwaxwagiimas LaleliLla laalase x'ls-ededa ^walase g'okustaLa^ya.
Wa, la^me aEm la h&nwalax'da^x" laxa aowak'e. Wa, la^me g'ax
nil^nakwe LaleliLla laxes g'okwalase LEx^siwe^ qotlaxa qiasa. Wa, 95
la^lae tslEkMalElases dox^waLEia ^walase g-okustaLe laxes ^nole L!a-
qwalale. Wa, he^mesex lE^mae laeL laq. Wa, he^mis la wuLEla-
tsexa ^nek'a: "LaEms Logwalaxwa g'okustaLa^yex LE^wa mEwexLax
loqwalila. Wa, weg"a kwex^ed laxwa qiasax qa^s Logwaos, ^nek'En
wuLEle," ^nex-^lae LaleliLliixes ^nole Llaqwalale, lae ts!Ek'!alElaq. 100
Wa, la^me lak' lEg'a^tses Logwa^ya q !asa LE^wa mEwexLa loElqwali-
810 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
2 to his elder brother Llaqwalal, that the house that came uj) from
the sea should be imitated by him with | all the birds sitting on
the upper edge of the outer front of the house that came up.
|
5 LaleliL'.a did not wish to put to shame his elder brother Llaqwa-
||
lal. Therefore he did this with his house that had come up.
|
Now LalcliL!a built a house like that house in Qalogwis, and ho
|
imitated all, the whale dish, the killerwhale dish, the sea lion dish,
|
and the seal dish. Therefore the numaym Laalax"s^Endayu own
|
10 the birds sitting on the upper edge of the front outside of their house
||
in this manner: They stand in this way:
| •^
on the outside . t^^^^"*"^^ * *-*^ '"^^^ house commg up
from the sea, namely, four cranes sit-
|
ting on two n crosspieces and on top|of the place- - where the two cross-
pieces are nailed on an eagle is seated. That was the style "
|
of the house coming up from the sea which was first seen by
15 LfileliLla. There is nothing (carved) on the posts. There is
||
only one thick beam. Now Qliimx'od married the princess of
|
|
HaeLEkum. He was the chief of the numaym LeqiEm. The
|
name of his princess was O^magasEme^, and HaeLEkum gave
|
20 his house in marriage to his son-in-law Q!umx'od. The posts of
||
the house are flat. There are two in front of the house and
|
two flat posts in the rear of the house. The paintings on the
|
2 le laxes ^nole L!af[walal Lo^ qa nanaxtslEwesexa g"6kustaLa^ye lax
^naxwa^mae ts!ek!weda klusaxtsVyax ekMEiixa^yasa tsagEmas L!a-
santr'yasa g'okustaLa^ye. Wa, la^me LaleliLla k"!es ^nek" qa^s
5 max'ts!amasexes ^nole L!aciwalal lag'ihis he gwex"^itsa g"okustaLa^ye
laq. Wa, la^mese Llaqwalale g'okwelaxa he gwex's g-ok" lax
Qalogwis. Wa, laxae ^wI^laEm nanaxtslE^waxa gwE^yEme LE^wa
max^enox" LE^wa L'.ex^Ene LE^wa megwato loElqwallla. Wii, heEm
lag'ilas axnogwadeda ^ne-memotasa Laalax's^'Eiidayasa ts!ek!was
10 k!wasaxta^yax tsagEmas LlasantVyases g'okwexa g'a gwiileg-a (%.).
Wa, lii Lasa g'a gwaleg'a (fg.) lax LlasaiuVyasa g'okustaLa^ye y!xs
mosgEmae adEmgiileyeda k!wasEna^yaxa malts lac^e gayala. Wa, la
klwaxta^yeda kwekwaxa nEgEtala LaplEua^yatsa ma4ts!aqe gEyala.
Wii, lieEm^lae gwiileda g'okustaLa^yaxs g'illae dox^waLEle LirloliLliiq.
15 Wii, laEmkMeas gwiilaats LeLiimas ogiViit liicjexs LEkwaes k'iitewa^ye
^nEmts!aqa. Wii, la gEg'ade LEWElgama^yas Llaqwalal yix Q!iim-
x'ode yis k'ledelas HaeLEkum yixs gigilma^yaasa ^nE^memotasa
LeqlEm. Wii, lil LegadEs k'!edelases O-'magasEma-'ye. Wii, lit g'6-
kidxLae HaeLEkuma^yaxa g-okwe laxes uEgumpe Q!umx-ode. Wa,
20 la^me iiwadzo pepEgEdzowe LeLfimasa g'okwexa mfdExsa laxa o^sta-
lilasa g'okwe. Wii, he^mesa malExsa laxa ogwiwalile. Wii, la k" !ii-
EGAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UIj 811
posts in the rear are large wolves looking upward, and grizzly 23
|
bears are the paintings of the posts on each side of the door.
|
I think that is all.||
7. Elgiinwe/. Tliese just kept together from the beginning with 25
|
the numaym Laalax"s^Endayo. And therefore they have no dif-
|
ferent house, but Wanuk", who believes that he is now a chief,
|
built a house for himself, but there is nothing in the house.
|
II. qIomoya^ye, the kwexa
1. Kfikwakiim. They sprung from one source with the Kukwa- 1
k!um of the GwetEla. They also have no painting on the front
|
boards outside of the house. Their chief YacjoLadze took for
|
his wife 0^masciwa])Elag'ilis, the princess of Aniawa^yus, chief of
|
the nimiaym NaEnsx"a. He gave in marriage the house with the 5
||
painting of the whale on the outside front, and inside there are
|
four house dishes, one of them a sea-otter house dish, and one
I |
a killerwhale house dish, and one beaver house dish, and one
|
a whale house dish. Then YaqoLadze married again the princess
of Gwex"sesElasEme^, Ts!Ets!alal, and Gwex'sesElasEme^ gave to 10
|
II
his son-in-law in marriage his house. And the painting on the
|
outside of the front of the house is a grizzly bear of the sea split
dEdz&leda LeLamasa ogwiwalilaxa ekMEgEmala &wk aLanEma. Wa, 22
la nenane k' ladEdza^yaxa LeLamasa ^wax'sotst&lilasa t!EX"tla. Wii,
Iax'staax"'me ^wila.
7. Elgiinwe, yixs a^mae q!ap!aeltsa g'ag'lLEla laxes awauiVye 25
LE^wa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Eudayo. He^mis lag'ilas k' !eas g'okwa
ogu^lii lax Wanukwe ylxs lae oq !us^Em la g'lgama^ya. Wa, la^nie
g'okwela qa^s g'okwa. Wii, la k'leas gwex'sdEms g'okwas."
II. qIomoya^yexa kwexa
1. Kiikwaklum, yixs ^iiEin-mae g^iiyEwasas LE^wa Kukwakliimasa 1
GwetEla. Wa, laEmxae kMeas kMJitEmes tsagEinas L!fisana^yas
g'okwas. Wa, la g'igama^yase YaqoLadze gEg'adEx-^ldEs O^mas-
qwapElag'Ilis, ylx k'ledelas Amawa^yos, yix g-igama^yasa ^nE^me-
motasa NaEiisx'a. Wii, la^me g'dktilxLiilaxa g'okwe k'latamale 5
tsIagEmas Llasana^yasexa gwE^yEme. Wii, lii ha^nela mEwexLa
toElqwalil lilq, yixs ^iiEinexLaeda qlasa loqwallla LE^wa -'iiEmexLa
niax^enox" loqwallla LE^wa ^uEmexLa ts!ii-we loqwallla; wii, he^misa
gwE^yEme loqwallla. Wii, lii et!ed gEg'ade YaqoLadziis k'ledelas
Gwex'se^sElasEma^ye ylx Ts!Ets!alale. Wa, laEmxae g'okiilxLalaxa 10
gokwe Gwex'se^sElasEma^ya hixes uEgumpe. Wii, la^me kMiitEmale
tsagEmas Llasana^yas g'okwasexa kwaxsaakwe mines. La^me he
812 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann. 35
13 in two. One-half of the grizzly bear of the sea is on the right
I
hand side of the door, and the other half on the left hand side
|
15 of the door, and their heads touch at the door, and the vomiter
||
is on top of the house. That is a carved man, | for when YaqoLadze
gives an oil feast, the oil box is put on the roof. And when|
they sing the host song of YaqoLadze, a man goes up to the
|
roof of the feast house. There is a gutter on the back of the
|
20 long square cedar beam. The carved vomiting man is at the
||
other end of it in this manner.' Then they put the oil box on
|
the other end of it, and the man who takes care of it pours the
]
oil into the gutter on the back of the vomiting beam, and the oil
|
runs along the gutter on the back to the hole behind the head
|
25 and it runs out, being vomited by the vomiter, and it runs into the
||
fire in the middle of the feast house. This is called by the Indians
|
"vomiter-at-smoki'hole-of-the-feast-house." There are also two
|
dishes, one a grizzly-bear house dish, and one a wolf house dish.|
That is all.
|
2. HaanaLena. The crosspiece on top of the front board out-
30 side of the house is the double headed serpent. They did not get
||
it from anyone. Not one man claims to know from whom the
|
13 leda apsot!Ena^je nanesa helkMotsttVyasa tlExila. Wa, la he leda
aps6x"saseda gEmxotstalasasa tiEX'Ila laxes k'Emk'Eqogamalae laxa
15 tlEx^ila. Wii, lasm hoqwastaleda g'okwexa k"!ekwe bEgwanema,
ylxs gil'mae k!welase YaqoLadziisa Lle^na lae hang'iisasa Lle^natslala
k'lEmyaxLa. Wa, g'il^mese dEnx^edayowe klwela^yalayowe q!Em-
dEms YaqoLadze leda bEgwanEme laxa ogwasasa k!wela^yats!e
g'okwa. Wii, la xwag'eg'eda g1lt!a k'lEWElk" kIwaxLawa. Wa,
20 heEm hoqwa k'Iek" bEgwanEme apsba^yaxa g'a gwaleg'a.' Wa, la
hanaleda Lle^natslala k'!imyaxLa lax apsba^yas. Wii, a^meseda bE-
gwanEmexa aaxsililq guxtslalasa Lle^na liix xug'eg'a^yas oxLa^yasa
hoqwa. Wii, lii wiig"ilts!aleda Lle^naxa xiig"eg'a^yas qa^s le he^nakQla
lax kwawapla^yas qa^s g'iixe hox^widayosa hoqwa. Wii, la^me
25 hoxLiilas hlxa laqawalilasa k!weladzats!e g'okwa. Wii, hesm gwE-
^ytisa bak!ume hoqwastala k!weladzats!e g'okwe. Wii, lii malExLa
loElqlwiisxa^nEmexLanane loqwalila; wa, he^misa ^nEmexLa aLanEm
loqwallla. Wa, laEmxae gwala.
2. HixiinaLena, yixs sIsEyuLae geg'iixta^yax tsagEmas Llasanii^yas
30 g'okwas. Wii, la k' leas gwayoLaq. K' !eas ^uEmokwa bEgwtlnEm
q!eq!alak'!alax g"ayoLasasa ^nE^memotasa HaanaLen^q. Wa, laxae
1 A Sketch accompanied this description wtiich is not repeated here, because the passage is quite
clear. See publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. V., plato 45, fig. 3.
BOAS] SOCIAI, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UI. 813
numaym HaanaLenS, got it, and ] the painting on their canoe is the 32
double headed serpent. Therefore it is called the double beaded
serpent canoe. I shall not give up to try to learn why they
| |
have the double headed serpent. That is the end.||
3. Yaex"agEme. The paintings on the front board outside of 35
the house are killerwhales facing each other, for this is the house
|
given in marriage by the chief of the numaym Kwek'aaenox",
|
whose name is LEk'Emaxod, which came from the history of
|
^nalanokumg'i^lak". It is said that LlaqoLas married LlalEmaxo-
|
dalayugwa, the princess of LEk'Emaxod. Therefore he gave in 40
||
marriage the house pamted with the killerwhales facing each
other to his son-in-law LlaqoLas, chief of the numaym Yaex'a-
|
I
gEme^, and he obtained at the same time four house dishes with
the house which was given in marriage, one of them is a whale
I |
feasting dish, one a killerwhale feasting dish, one a bullhead 45||
feasting dish, and one a Dzonoqiwa feasting dish. That is all
|
about this.
|
4. Haayalik'awe^. The painting on the front outside of the
house is a whale. The house was given in marriage by Wag'i-
|
des, chief of the numaym WiwomasgEm of the Maraaleleq5la,
I
whose name was Wag'ides. The princess of Wag'ides was Gwe- 50
||
k'i^lak", who was now the wife of Chief HaxwayosEme^, who
|
heEm kMatsEmes xwaklttnaseda sisEyuLe lag-ilas LegadEs sisEyultsE- 32
mala xwak!unas. Wa, laLaLEn k'les yax'^idEl q!aq!e^staaLEq lag-i-
las axnogwatsa sIsEyuLe. Wa, laEm laba.
3. Yaex'agEme^, ylxs kMatEmalae tsagEmas Llasana^j^as g'okwas 35
ylsa k"Emk"Eqogamala max^enoxwa, yixs g^okiilxLayaas g^igama-
^yasa ^nE^memotasa Kwek'aaenox"xa LegadEs LEk"Emax6dexa g'ayS,
lax ^nalanokumg'i^lax"xa nuyame. Wa, la^lae gEg'ade LlaqoLatsas
L lalEmaxodalayugwa yix kMedelas LEk'Emaxode. Wa, he^mis lag'i-
las g'ax g"6kulxLalaxa g'okwe kMatEmalaxa k'Emk'Eqogamala 40
miix^enox" laxes nEgumpe LiaqoLas, yix glgama^yasa ^uE^memo-
tasa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wa, laEmxae mEwexLa loElqwalila ^uEma-
'^nakiila EE^wa g-6kulxLa^ye g'okwa. Wa, he^ma ^uEmexLa gwE^yEm
loqwalila LE^wa ^nEmexLa max^enox" ioqwalila; wa, he^mesa ^ue-
mexLa k!oma Ioqwalila; wii, he-mesa ^uEmexLa Dzonoqiwa loqwa- 45
lila. Wa, laEmxae ^wi^la laxeq.
*4. Ha&yalik'awe^, ylxs k'!atEmalae tsagEmas L!asana^yas g'okwas
yisa gwE^yEm. Wii, laEmxae g'okulxLa^ya g'okwas Wag'idesxa
g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa WiwomasgEmasa Mamaleleqillaxa Lega-
dEs Wagudes. Wa, he^mes k'!edelts Wag'idese Gwek'i^lak", yix la 50
gEUEmsa gigS-ma^ye HilxwayosEma^ye, qaxs he^mae g-igS,mesa
814 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ieth. ann. 35
52 was chief of the niimaym Haayalik-awe^ of the Kwexa. There|
are four house dishes in the house which was given in marriage,
|
one is a Dzonoq!wa house dish, and a whale, an eagle, and|
55 beaver house dish. That's all again.||
|
5. Laxsa. They just staid with the numaym Haayalikawe^, for|
they have no nolsle ancestor, and, therefore the numaym Laxsa|
live in a house with the Haayalikawe^,
|
60 and even at the present day the Laxsii continue to stay with||
them. That is all about them.
|
6. G'Igilgam. They have no painting in front of the house,
neither at the present day nor in olden times. Their chief only]
has around the floor of the house—K!wak!wabalasEme^ is their|
chief—carved men on the boards of the height of the chest
|
65 when we are standing up, and the distance between the carved||
men is one fathom. The carved men begin at the end of a pole| |
placed to the right inside of the door of the house, and going|
on to the right towards the rear of the house, and around to the
|
70 left hand side of the door, and their distance from the wall||
boards is one fathom. The carved men are inside of the boards|
all around the house, as it is marked here.' OmaxtlalaLe^ did|
this, placing men all around, because this was the way in which]
52 -'nE-'memotasa Haayalik'awa^yasa Kwexa. Wii, la hS^neleda mE-
wexLa loElqwalll laxa g"okiilxLa^ye. Wa, he^maeda dz6noq!wa
loqwalila LE^wa aLanEm LE^wa kwekwe LE^wa tsla^we loElqwallla.
55 Wa, laEmxae gwata.
5. Laxsii, yixs a^mae kMudEuodze laxa ^uE^memotasa Haayali-
k'awe, qaxs gwalEla^mae k* !es nenaxsales g"alEmg'alise. Wa, he^mis
lag'ilas aEm ^uEmael^wadadeda ^uE'memotasa Laxsa LE^wa g"Iga-
ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Haayalik'awa-ye. Wa, wax'-mesexwa lax
60 ^nala la hex'saEm qlap'.exsEyotsa Laxsa. Wa, laEm gwal laxex.
6. G'igilgilm, yixs kMeasae kMatEma^ye tsilgEmases g'okwe laxwa
alex ^nala, LEwes g'alEmg'alise. Wa, lex-a^mes gwalaats awcLElas
g'okwas K!wak!wabalasEma^ye yix g'lgama^yas, yixs bEx"se^stalIl-
kwaasa la k' !ek' ladza^yaxa saokewxa yo awasgEniEns dzamaxg'Ens
65 Lax^walek". Wa, la ^nai'nEmp!Enk' laxEns baLitqe awalagalaasasa
bebEgwauEme k"!ekwa. Wa, he^mise g'ag'Ellla k'!ek'!akwe bebE-
gwauEme sEg'Edza^ye LapdEmas dzoxOm lax helk' lotstalilasa tlExi-
lilsa g-okwe la ha^stalilElaxa ttweLEliisa g'okwe qa^s g'axe laxa
gEmxotstaU^lasa tiEX'ila. Wii, lii ^uEmplEnk^ ISxEns baLax yix
70 walalaasa liix tsaxse^stii awe-'stElsasa g-okwe. Wii, heEm k'ledza-
yaatsa bebEgwilnEma 5ts!awasa tsagEma awe^stiisa g'okwexa xeWe-
kwe.' Wii, heEm lag'ilas he gwex'^ide O^maxtlalaLa^ye qa bEX"se-
^stalilkwa yixs haaEl gwaeles Le^'lauEma g-ig'Egama^yasa lelqwala-
i A sketch accompanied this description which is not repeated here, because the passage is quite
clear.
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UIj 815
lie iiivited the chiefs of the tribes to eat seal at K- !aqa. When
|
||
all the men had gone out, he carved the men at the places where 75
|
his guests had been sitting. It is as though he had made fun of
|
the chiefs on account of what he had done when he made carv-
ings of them. Therefore it is done this way around the house.
I
There are two house dishes, one a seal house dish, and the
| || 80
other one a killerwhale house dish. It also occurred to Omax-
|
t!alaLP^ to imitate the seal which he had killed in making a
|
house dish, and it occurred to him that he would go to the kil-
lerwhales after his death, and therefore he imitated the form of
|
a killerwhale for his house dish when he gave a feast of many-
|
seals at K"!aq!a. That's again all about them.
||
III. ^WALAS KWAG"UL
1. DzEndzEnx'qIayu. The painting on the front outside of the 1
|
house is the Qolos, for the Qolos is the ancestor of the DzEndzEux'-
q !ayo. There are four house dishes of their ancestor YaxLEn. One| |
of the house dishes is the Qolos; and also the elder brother of Qolos,
Thunderbird. || Tliat is another feasting-dish. And the Thunder-| ,5
bird, the house dish, is made in the same way as the Qolos house dish
is made, and there is a I whale house dish and a beaver. That is
aU agam.
La^3^e qa las q!Esaxa megwate lax K'!aq!a. Wii, gipEm^lawise
hoqiiwElseda ^naxwa bEgwanEmxs lae k"!edz5tsa bEgwanEme lax 75
kiwadzelasdases Le^lanEme. Wii, laEm ^uEmax'is lo^ aEmlalasa
g'lg'Egama^ye laxes gwex'^idaase yixs he^mae la k!edzoyowe. Wii,
he^mis lag'ilas he gwiile awe^stalilasa g'okwe. Wa, la mfilEXLa^ma
loqwalilas. Wa, he^ma ^nEmexLa megwat loqwalila. Wa, he^misa
^nEmexLa max^enox" loqwalila. Wa, laEmxae O^maxtlalaLa^ye 80
aEm ^ncnk'!ex^ed qa^s nanaxtslEwexa megwatexes yauEme qa^s
loqwalila. Wa, la g'lg'aex^idExs lei laxa max^enoxwe qo 1e^1l5.
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas nanaxts !Ewaxa max^enoxwe qa^s l5ElqwalilExs
lae k!we^latsa qleuEme megwata lax K"!aq!a. Wa, laEmxae laba.
Ill' ^WALAS KWAG'UL
1. DzEudzEux'qlayu, ylxs qolosae k"!atEma^yas tsagEmas L'.asa- l
na^yas g'okwas, qaxs he^mae gilg'alitsa DzEndzEnx'q layoxa qolose.
Wii, lii niEwexLa loElqwalilas g'igama^yase YiixLEn, yixs he^mae
^nEuiexi.a loqwallltseda qolose. Wa, he^mese ^nolas qolosa kflnkun-
xulig'e. HeEm ^nEmexLa loqwalllts ylxs he^maaxat! gwiile ytxa kun- 5
kfuixulig'a^ye IScjwallle gwiilaasasa qolose loqwalila; wii, he^mesa
gwE^yEme loqwalila; wii, he^mesa tsla^we. Wii, laEmxae laba.
816 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36
8 2. Wawiiliba^ye. The painting on the front outside of the house
is the whale, for the ancestor of their chief was a whale. There-
I
to fore his
II name is Yaqal^Enala. And he painted his origin on the
outside front of his house. There are four house dishes; one is a
I |
whale house dish, another one a killer-whale house dish, and one
|
a bullhead house dish, and one a Dzonoq !wa-of-the-sea house dish.
|
15 The nunaaym Hemasxdo keeps together with the || nuniaym Wiiwali-
b&^ye, for the Hemasxdo have no noble ancestor hke the Elgiinwe
|
and the ninnaym Laxsa, and they are ashamed to talk about it.
|
That is again all about this.
|
3. G'exsEm. The painting on tie outside front of the house
|
20 of their chief LaLehb !a, is the same as that of the painting || on the
outside front of the house of K'Emk'EqEwed, who is the chief of the
|
numaym G".exsEm of the GwetEla. The only difference is that the
|
G"exsEm of the ^walas Kwag'ul have four house dishes—two grizzly-
|
bear dishes, one wolf house dish, and one beaver house dish. It is
)
25 said, that Chief LaLeliLla || obtained these in marriage from the chief
of the numaym K' lEk' !aenox" of the AwaiLEla at Hanwad from the
chief who had the name K'Euiged. His princess had the nameMEle-
|
dzas, as she was the wife of LaLehL !a. Then he obtained in marriage|
the house with the crosspiece on top of the front outside (represent-
|
ing the) double headed serpent, and sitting between the ej'es ( of the
30 double headed serpent) the thunderbird || on the head of the man
8 2. Wawaliba^ye, yixs k' latamalae tsagEmas Llasana^yas g'ol^wa-
sexa gwE^yEm, ylxs gwE^ysmae g'ilg"allsasa gig&ma^yas lag'ilas
10 LegadEs Yaqal'Enala. Wii, lii k'latEmtses g'ayEwase lax tsagEmas
L lasaniVyases g'okwe. Wii, l& niEwexLa loElqwalilasxa 'uEmexLa
gwE^yEm loqwallla LE-wa ^nEmexLa max^enoxwa toqwalila LE^wa
^nEmexLa k!oma loqwalila LE^wa ^nEmexLa Dzonogwes loqwallla.
Wa, la^me iVma ^nE^memotasa Hemaxsdo la klfidEuodzexa -uE-'me-
15 motasa Wawaliba^ye qaxs k'lesae naxsale g'ag'ELElasasa ^uE^memo-
tasa Hemaxsdo he gwex'sa Elgunwa^ye LE^wa ^uE^memotasa Laxsii
yixs max'tsIolEmae gwagwex's^alasa. Wa, laEmxae laba.
3. G"exsEm, he^maaxat! ^Em gwale kMatEmas tsagEma^yes Llasa-
n^^yas g'okwas g'lgama^yase LaLeliLla, yix gwiilaasas kMatEma^yas
20 tsiigEma-'yas Llasan^^yas g'okwas K-EmkEqEwede, yix g-igftma^'yasa
^nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa GwetEla. Wa, lex'a^mes ogwaqala^yos
G"exsEmasa ^walas Kwag'ul yixs mEwexLaes ioqwalilexa malEXLa
nenane loElqwalila LE^wa ^nEmexLa aLauEm loqwallhx. Wa, he^mesa
^nEmexLa ts!a^we loqwalila. Wa, laEm^laeda g'igS,ma^ye LaLeliLla
25 gEg'adanEmaq lax g'ig&ma^yasa ^uE^memotasa K' Isk' !aenoxxwasa
AwaiLEla lax Htowade, yLxa g-igama^ye LegadEs K'Emgede. Wa,
la LegadEs MEledzase k- ledelas. Wa, lie^mls la gEUEms LaLeliLla.
Wa, he^mis g'okulxLalaxa g'okwe geg'iwales tsagEma^yas LlasanS,-
'yasa g'okwaxa sIsEyuLe. Wa, la klwaklwagusta^yeda kunkiinxiiU-
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 817
in the middle of the double-headed serpent; and the four fcasting-
|
dishes which I have just named were also obtained there. That's
the end.
|
IV. q!6mk' !ut!es
1. LgqlEm. The painting on the front outside of the house is 1
the killer-whale, which was obtained as supernatural treasure by
I
the first chief, HaeLEkume^, who was a sea-hunter. He went lumt-
|
ing seal at night at OsEq". There he saw a large house at the upper
|
side of OsEq", and he saw sparks coming out of the roof. Then 5II |
HaeLEkiime^ wished to go ashore to look at it. He arrived at the
|
beach, and he went up the beach. Tlien he saw that killer whales
|
were the painting on the outside front of the house. He arrived at|
the door and looked through a || hole. Tlien he heard many men 10
talking about him, that he was always trying to head off the people
|
when thev were out sea-hunting. He heard one man say, "I wish
| |
our friend HaeLEkiime^ would come so that we might advise liim not
|
to head us off when we are hunting; for he will get more game if he 15||
keeps behind us." Thus he said. At that time HaeLEkume^ jumped
|
through the door of the house, and stood at the hre in the middle
|
of the house. He spoke, and said, " I am HaeLEkume^ whom you
|
g'a^ye lax x^omsas bak-awa^yas. Wii, he^mesEn lax'de LeLEqalasE- 30
^weda mEwexLaloElqwalila. Wii, heEm g'ayauEmatsex. LaEm laba
IV. q!omk'!ut!es
I. LeqiEm, yixs kMatEmfilae tsagEmas Llasaua^yas g'okwasesa 1
max-enoxwexa Logwa^yasa g-ilgalisasag'igama^"yase HaexEkume, yixs
ale^winoxwae. Wa, lalae alexwaxa megwataxa ganoLe lax OsEq".
Wii, la^lae dox-waLElaxa ^nEmsgEmese ^willas g'ok" lax aps5tas
OsEcj". Wa, la^lae doqulaqcxs anobexsalae siiliis. Wii, laEm^la- 5
wise HaeLEkiime^ ^nek" qa^s la iiLe^sta dox-'widEq. Wii, hiEm^Iawise
hlg'alis lilx LlEma^isas laEm^liiwise lasdes liixa LlEma^is, hia^lase dox-
^waLElaqexs miix^'enoxwae kMiitama-'yas tsagEma^yas L!iisana^yasa
g-okwe. Wa, la^lae lag-aa liix tlEx'Uils. Wii, lii^lae hanxsa Uixa
kwax"si>, qaxs wuLaaxa q leuEma bebEgwauEm yaeq !Ent !illa gwagwex'- 1
s^ala laqexs hemEnala^mae g-iig-alagEmaxa lelqwalaLa^yaxs ale-
xwae. Wii, lii^lae wuLsilaxa ^uEmokwe bEgWiUiEm ^nek'a ": WiinesLe
g-axEns, ^UEmokwai' HaeLEkiima^ya qEns Lexs^aleqe, qa k'lescs
g-ag'alagEina g-ilxEns, yixgins illexwek' qaxs haLe qlEyoLatsexa
seyaklwemase qo iilxLeLe -"na.xwal g-iixEns," ^nex-^lae. Wii, heEm- 15
^liiwis la dEwei.ats HaeLEkiima^ye lax tlExlliisa g'okwe qa^s lii
LaxHllil hix obex-Laliisa laqawalllasa g-okwe. Wii, la^lae yaq !Eg-a4a.
Wii, lii'iae ^nek"a: "NogwaEm HaeLEkiima^yaxes wtilagElos qa
75052—21—35 eih—i>t 2 :!
818 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ANN. 35
wished to come to be given instructions, friends." Thus he said.
|
20 Then || all the men just hung their heads. Then they lifted their
heads, and an old man spoke, and said, "What you say is true,
| |
friend. We have aU been wishing for you to come into this house
|
of oiu- chief Hele^stalisEla here. Now you have obtained it as
|
25 supernatural treasure, and this harpoon that is in it, 1| and the four
house dislies—one a sea-otter house dish, one a bullhead house
|
dish, one a stomach-of-the-sea-lion house dish, and one whale house
|
dish." Thus he said. "Now your name will be Llaqwag'ila, for
|
tliat is the name of the owner of this house that you obtained by
|
30 good luck. Thus it is said by our friends here. || They wish to advise
you not to head them off when we are sea-hunting, but just keep
|
close behind us, then you wiU obtain much game. Now you shall
|
sit for four days in the house that you obtained as supernatural|
treasure." Thus said the kiUer-whale man. Then all the men|
35 went out of the house, and went into the water || at the beach, and
kiUer-whales were spouting. HaeLEkiime^ just sat in the rear of the
|
house wliich he had obtained as supernatural treasure, and his
|
steersman went back to his house at OsEq". In vain the steersman
|
of HaeLEkiime^ was questioned. Pie just said, "Don't talk about
|
40 him." Thus he said, for he had seen || the many men coming out of
g'axe qa^s Lexs^alasE^wos, ^ne^nEmok","^nex"^lae. Wii, laEm^'lae aEm
20 ^naxwa kwekumdileda ^naxwa bEgwiiuEma. Wii, la^lae x"it!ededa
^naxwa. Wii, lil^lae yiiq!Eg'a=}eda qlulyakwe bEgwiinEma. Wa,
lii^lae ^nek'a: "Ala^mes waldEmos, qastii, qaxgMiui-x" ala^mek' wiihx-
qela qa-s g'iixaos g'axeL liixox g'6kwasg"anu-x" g'Igilmek" hlxg'a
Hele^stallsElax'xos LogweLaqos le^wox g-ex'g'aelex laq"xwa miistox
25 LE^wa niEwexLax loElipvalilaxwa -'nEmexLax q!iisa loqwallla, LE'wa
^nEmexLax k!6ma loqwalila, LE^'wa ^'nEmexLa poxuntsa L!ex^Ene l5-
qwalila LE^wa ^nEmexLax gwE^yEm loqwahla," ^nex'^lae. "Wa,
la^mets LegadElts L!iiqwag'ila qaxs he^mae LegEms g'ogwadiisa
g'okwaqos Logwa'ya. Wit, g^a^meseg'a waldEmg'asg'Ens ^ne^nEnio-
30 kwak' yixs ^nek'ek' qa^s Lexs^ale laL qa^s k"!esa6s la g'iig'alagEma-
XEnu^x" alexwalg'iwa^ye qa^s a^meos lielaxi.e gaxEnu^x" qa^s qlEyo-
Laosaxa seyaklwema. Wii, laEniLas moplEUXwa^'s Lo^' klwael laxos
Logwa^yaqos g-okwa," ^nex-^laeda miix^enoxwe bebEgwiinEma. Wa,
la^lae ^wFla hoquwElseda bebEgwauEme liixa gokwe qa^s lit he^stiila
35 lixxa LlEma^'ise. Wii, hv'me Lliil-edtichx miix'enox". Wii, aEm-Iiiwise
la kiwaele HaeLEkumae laxa ogwiwalllases Logwa^ye g'okwa. Wii,
aEm-'lawise la nii^'nakwe k!waxLa^yas iiixes g'okwe liix OsEq". Wii,
wiix-Em^lawise wiiLasE^we klwaxLa^yas HaeLEkiime. Wii, aEm^la-
wise ^nek'a: "Gwilldztis gwagwex's^alaqe," 'nex'^lae, qaxs doqwa-
40 la^maeda q leuEme bebEgwiiuEnixs g'iixae hoquwEls qa^s lii hiiyEu-
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 819
the house, going down the beach, and going into the sea; and 41| |
they all spouted, and the men turned into kiUer-whales and he
; |
also had heard what was said by the killer-whale men to HaeLEku-
|
me^. Therefore he did not wish them || to talk about him. Wlien four 45
days had passed, the steersman of HaeLEkiime^ arose and
| went to
|
the hunting-eanoe of HaeLEkume^ Then he paddled and went to the
|
large house. Before he got near, he saw the great house; and
|
painted on tlie outer || front was a killer-whale. And he saw HaeLE- 50
kume' walking outside. Then he went ashore, and HaeLEkume^
I
|
went to meet him. Then HaeLEkilme^ spoke, and said, "Come,
|
master, and go into this my house wliich I obtained as supernatural
treasure." Thus he said to him, and immediately the
| steersman
followed him, || and they went in. Tlien HaeLEkume^ saw that all 55
|
the ff)ur posts were carved in the form of sea-lions, and there
| were
sea-lions at the ends of the two beams of the house. The heads
| of the
sea-lions showed outside at the front boards of the house. When he
|
had done this, HacLEkiime^ went out of the house; and || his steers- 60
man spoke, and said, '" O Master HaeLEkilme^ ! stay here and
| let me
ask our tribe to come and move here." Thus he said. Then he
|
I
was just told by HaeLEkiime^ to go. Immediately the man
| went
tsIesEla laxa Llsma^ise cja^s la hox"sta laxa dEmsx"e ^wapa. Wii, la 41
^naxwa L!fli^eda; la^me la ^naxwa lamax^enox^wededa bebEgwiinEme.
Wii, he^misexs ^niixwa^'mae wuLElax waldEmi-laiiisa milx-'enoxwe
bebEgwauEm lax HaeLEktima^ye. Wii, he^me lagilts kMes ^nek"
qa^s gvvagweX's-ale laq. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise moplEnxwa^'sa lae 45
gilg-ustaweda bEgwiiuEme, yix k!waxLa-'yas Ilaei.Ekiima^yii qa-'s lii
lilxes ya^yatsleda ale^wasEiElas HaeLEkuma^ye. Wii, la^lae sex^wida
qa^s la laxa ^walase g'okwa. Wii, k' !es^Em^liiwise cx'ag'aaLEla
liiqexs lae dox^waLElaxa ^walase g'okwa kMatamalae tstlgEmas
Llilsana^yasexa max^enoxwe. Wa, lii doqiilax HaeLEkuma^yaxs 50
g'lg-EJsElae. Wii, la^lae liig-alis liiq. Wii, laEnriawise HaeLEkfl-
ma^ye lalalaq. Wii, hVlae yivqlEg-a^'la, yix HaeLEkiima^ye. Wii,
la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelag'a adii, cja^s hios laeL laxg'En Logweg'En
g'okwa," ^nex'^laeq. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise klwaxLa^yas la lusgE-
meq qa's le hogwiLa. Wa, la^'me dox-'waLEle HacLEkiima'yaqexs 55
lae la -niixwaEm la kMekMak" L!eL!ex^Enes motslaqe LCLama. Wii,
laxae la LleLlexbalaxa malts !aqe k'ek'atewesa g'okwe. G\ax x'i-
x'Exsilla x'lx'omsasa L!eL!exEne liix tsagEmas LliisansVyasa g'okwe.
Wii, laEm al-Em hij gwex'^idExs lae lilwElse HaexEkuma^ye. Wii,
la^lae yiiq!Eg'a^leda bEgwiinEme, yix klwaxLa^yas. Wii, hViae ^nek'a: qq
"^ya, qliigwidii, HaeLEkuma-'yii', yulag'aEma hix ciEn liilagi axk'la-
laxEns g'okulota qa g'iixlag'ese mE^wa lilq"," ^nex'^lae. Wii,
aEm'iawisi? ^nex'sos HaeLEkuma^ye qa^s hilag'e. Wii, hex'^idaEm-
^Iriwise la lawElseda bEgwanEme qa^s lii liixs laxes ya^yatsle xwa-
820 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ieth. ann. 36
05 out and went aboard his small canoe and paddled. Then he arrivedll
|
on the beach of the village at OsEq". Then he was met by his
tribe; and immediately he reported about HaeLEkiime^, that he had
|
obtained a large house at Aosayagum as supernatural treasure;
|
and before he ended his report, the tribe pushed their canoes into
|
70 the water || and loaded them. They took down their houses and
took them to Aosayagum, and they built the houses of the tribe
|
on each side of the large house. Now the large house was in the
|
middle at ASsayagum. Now HaeLEkilme^ was a real chief among
|
liis tribe, the ancestors of the mmiaym Leq!Em. That is the end.|l
|
75 2. LeLEged. They have no painting on the outer front of the
|
house of Cl^ief Lalep !alas. A double headed serpent is across the
|
top of the house front, and a wolf stands on the man in the middle
|
of the doiible headed serpent. A raven stands at the door of the
|
SO house, and the raven stands with spread legs; and || those who go
into the house walk under them, for that is the door of the house
between the feet of the raven.
|
|
Names of the KwAG'ut Eagles and Numayms
1 These are the names of the Eagles of the Kwag'ul:
|
1 and 2. Llaqwag'ila (Copper-Maker) is the first of the Eagles.
|
Next to him is Doqwayes, who is of the numaym DzEndzEnx'qIayo
|
65 xwagfima. Wa, laEm^lawise sex^wida. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag'alis
lax LlEma^isases g^okulase OsEq" laa^lase lalalasoses g'okiilote. Wa,
laEm^lae hex^'idaEm ts!Ek"!al-ets HaeLEkiima^yaxs Logwalaaxa ^wa-
lase g'okwa lax Aosayagiim. Wa, k'les^Em^lawise qWlba ts!Ek"!a-
lElaena^yas laa^lase wl^x"staleda lelciwalaLa^yaxes xwaxwakluna
70 qa-'s moxsEleq. Wa, la'me ^wIlg'Elsa Llex'axes g'igokwe qa^s liis
lax Aosayogiim. Wa, a^mise ^wax^sag'ElsEle gig'okwas g"6kiil6tasexa
^walase g'okwa. Wa, la^me uEqetsEmalasa ^walase g'okwa lax
Aosoyagiim. Wa, la^me ala la gigama^ye HaeLEkiima^yases g'oku-
lota g'alasa ^nE^memotasa LeqiEme. Wa, laEm laba.
75. 2. LcLEgede, yixs k'leasae k'latEmes tsagEmas L!asana^yas
g'okwas g'lgama^yase Lalep !alas. Wa, la sisEyuLe geg'iwa^yas
tsagEmas Llasana^yas g'okwas. Wii, la^lae fiLanEme g'ilala lax
bak'awa^yasa sIsEyuLe. Wii, lii'lae Lawileda gwil^wina hlx at lExiliisa
g'okwe. Wii, la,4ae gaxalaxa gwil^wina. Wii, he^niis la qiiyabodii-
80 lasosa laeLe liixa g^okwe qaxs he^mae tiExilasa g'okwe awiigawa^yas
g'og'EgiVyasa gwii^wina.
Names of the Kwag'ul Eagles and Numayms
1 G'aEm LCLEgEmsa kwekwekwasa Kwakiig-ule;
1 and 2. Llaqwagila hcEm xamaelbesa kwekwekwe. (Wa, he^mis
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG'UL 821
of the ^walas Kwag'ul, but Llaqwag'ila is of the numaym Maamta-
g'ila of the GwetEla. 5
II |
3. Next to hhii is K'imk'EqEwid of the numaym G'exsEm of the
|
GwetEla.
I
4. Next to him is ^max"mEwisagEme^, next to K'imk'EqEwid,
|
when property is given to the tribes, when he invites all the four 10II
Kwakiutl tribes at Tsaxis. ^max^mEwisagEme^ is of the numaym
|
Wawaliba,ye^ of the ^walas Kwag'ul.
|
5. Next to ^max"mEwisagEme^ is ^walas. ^walas is Eagle of the
|
numaym G'ig'ilgam of the Q !omoya^ye, who were named by the |
first people Kwexa.
||
6. Next to him is AgwilagEme^, to ^walas, for AgwilagEme^ is 15
|
Eagle of the numaym Kukwak !uni of the Q !omoya^ye.
|
7. Next to him is G" exse-stalisEme, to AgwilagEme^, forG'exse-
|
-stahsEme is Eagle of the numaym Yaex'agEme^ of the Q!omo-
|
ya^ye.
||
^ _
8. Next to him is NEg'adze (Great-Mountain), to G'exse^sta- 20
lisEme^, for NEg'adze is Eagle of the numaym G'exsEm of the
|
^w alas Kwag'ul.
|
These are all the Eagles of the thi'ee tribes of the GwetEla, and
|
Q!6moyS,^ye, and ^walas Kwag'ul; and there is no Eagle among the
|
Q !omk' !ut !es. These are the Eagles of the Kwakiutl tribes who
mak'ilaqe Doqwayes, yixs ^uE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'q layosa ^walas 3
Kwag'ula,) yixs Maamtag'ilae ^nE^memotas L!aqwag'ila yisa Gwe-
tEla. 5
3. Wa, he^mis mak'ile K'imk'EqEwide, yixs ^nE^memotasa G'exsE-
mesa GwetEla.
4. Wa, he^mis mak'ilaqe ^max"mEwisagEma^ye lax K'lmk'EqE-
wide, yixs yaqwasE^wae lax lelqwalai.a'yaxs p lekwae ^wi^laxa Kwa-
kug'ulaxs mosgEmakwae laxg'a TsaxisEk", yixs Wawalibaya^e ^ue- 10
^memotas ^max"mEwisagEma^yasa ^walase Kwagula.
5. Wii, he^mis mak'ilax ^max"mEwisagEma^ye ^walas, yixs kwe-
kwae ^walasasa ^UE^memotasa G'Ig'ilgamasa Q!omoya-'yexa gwE^yasa
g'ale bEgwanEm Kwexa.
6. Wa, he^mis mak'ila AgwilagEma^ye lax Hvalase, yixs kwekwae 15
AgwilagEma^yasa ^nE-memotasa Kukwak lumasa Q!omoytVye.
7. Wa, he^mis mak'ila G'exse^stfdisEma^ye lax AgwilagEma^ye,
yixs kwekwae G'exse^stalisEma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEma-
^yesa Q!omoya^ye.
8. Wit, he^mis mak'ila NEg'iidze lax G'exse^stalisEma^ye, yixs 20
kwekwae Nsg'adzasa ^iiE^memotasa G'exsEmasa ^walase Kwag-ula.
Wa, laEm ^wi^laxa kwekwekwasa yiidu.x"sEmakwexa GwetEla
LE^wa Qlomoya^ye LE^wa ^walas Kwag'ula. Wa, la k' !eixs kwex"sa
Q!omk'!ut!Ese. GaEm kwekwex"sa Kwakuk'Ewakwexa g'oktila
822 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
25 live atTsaxis; theGwetsla, Qlomoya^ye, and ^walasKwag'iil; andII |
the Qlomk' !ut!ES have no Eagle.
|
The order of the Eagles of the Kwakiutl is not changed when
property is given to the tribes when they are invited ; for when the
|
name-keepers make a mistake, and place one Eagle over another
|
30 one, the Eagle at once quarrels with the one who had been named||
before him, and often he breaks his copper, and often he gives
|
the broken piece of copper to the name-keeper, who keeps the
I
order of seats of all the nien; for there is one man who is the
|
name-keeper of the GwetEla, of the Q !5moya^ye, and of the ^walas|
35 Kwag'ul, and also of the Qlomk' lutlES.||
|
And these are never changed ; for when a name-keeper gets weak
|
because he is old, he gives the office of name-keeper to his eldest
|
son, for the name-keeper is not a nobleman. ||
|
40 The name-keeper of the GwetEla is called Wiltse^stala, and his
seat is in the numaym Laalax's^Endayo.
|
|
And the name-keeper of the Qlomoy^ye^ is Sewid, and his seat is
in the numavm HaanaLena.
|
|
And the name-keeper of the ^walas Kwag'ul is Walalas, and his ||
45 seat is in the numaym G' ig' ilgam.
|
And the name-keeper of the Q !omk' !ut !es is called Lalep !alas, and
his seat is in the numaym LgLEged.
|
|
25 lax Tsaxisexa Gwetsla LE^wa QlomoyiVye LE^wa ^walase Kwag'ula.
Wa, la k'leas kwex"sa Qlomk' !ut!Ese.
Wa, heEm k'!es . layaplalaxs yaqwasE^waasa lelqwalaLa^yaxs
LelElasE^waexa kwekwckwasa Kwakiik'Ewakwe, ylxs g'il^mae Lex-
Lequlila q!aq!asto lagotsa ^nEmokwe kwek" laxa ^nEmokwe lae
30 hex'^idaEm xomab'ideda kwekwe LE-'wa la niilagddEq. Wii, hetia
qlunalatse qlEltaplEX'-'Idaxes Llaqwa.. Wa, lii qliinala yax^'witsa
qlEldEkwe L!aqwa laxa q lacj !astowaxa LaLExwa^yasa ^naxwa be-
bEgwilnEma, ylxs ^nal'iiEmokwae bEgwauEme q !aq!astowasa Gwe-
tEla LE^wa Qlomoya^ye LE^'wa ^walase Kwag-ula; wii, he^misa Q!6m-
35-k'!ut!Ese.
Wii, heEm k'les LhliJaj-okiile. yixs gih'mae la wayat,s!ala qaxs
hie cjliilyakwa q !iiq lastowaxs lae lasases q!aq!astoeua^ye liix ^no-
last lEgEma^yases bEgwanEme xunokwa, yixs k'lesae naxsala bE-
gwiinEma q !aq lastowe.
40 Wa, heEm q!iiq!ast6sa GwetEle Wiltse^stala, ylxs hiie Lagwa^ya
^nE^mem&tasa Laalax's^Endayo. ,
Wii, he^mis q !iici lastosa Q!omoya^ye Sewide, yixs hiie Lagwa^ya
^nE^memotasa HaanaLena.
Wa, he^mis q!aq lastosa ^walas Kwiig'ule Walalase, yixs hae La-
45 gwa^ya ^nE^memotasa G'lg'ilgame^
Wa, he^mis q!aq!astosa Qlomk' !ut!Ese Lillep!alase, yixs hiie La-
gwa^ya ^nE^memotasa LeLEgede.
BOAS J SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAGUL 823
And that is the way in which property is given to the Eagles when 48
|
property is given to tlie Kwakiiitl tri1)cs who are invited, for they
never || allow any change of the order of their scats. 50
|
The Eagle gives his seat to his eldest son; and when the eldest
|
child of any Eagle is a girl, then the girl takes the seat of her
|
father the Eagle, although she has a younger brother, for they
|
can not give the place of the Eagle to the younger brother i| of the 55
eldest one of the children.
|
The only time when an Eagle gives his seat to the younger brother
of the eldest child is when that child dies. Then there is no objec-
|
tion on the part of all the people, when they give property to the
|
Eagles.
I
For that they do not change their names starts from (the time)
when long ago || O^maxt !alaLe^, the ancestor of the numaym 60
G'lg'ilgam of the Q !omoya^ye, made the seats of the Eagles; and
|
those went down to the numajmis. And the name-keeper Wlitse-
|
^stala says, "Now our chiefs have been given everything, and I will
|
go right down (according to the order of rank)." Thus he says, when
|
he gives out the property; for I will just name the names || of one of 65
the head chiefs of the numayms of the Kwakiutl tribes. Tliey
|
never change their names from the beginning, when the first human
|
beings existed in the world; for names can not go out of the family
|
of the head chiefs of the numayms, only to the eldest one of the
|
children of the head chief. ||
Wa, heEm gwiilaats yaq Iwina^yaxa kwekwekwaxs yaqwasE^wa- 4^
asa lelqwalaLa^yax LelElasE^waexa Kwakiik'Ewakwe, yixs k'lesae
hclq!ala layap!ala. 50
Wa, la lex'aEm ladzatsa kwekwa ^nolastlEgsma^ye xiinokwa, yixs
gul^mae tslEdiiqe ^n6last!EgEma^ya sasEmasa ^naxwa kwekwekwa
la^mesa tslEdaqe Laxstodxes kwekwe om])a, yixs wax-^mae ts!a^ya-
nux"sa bEgwiinEme qaxs k"!easae gwex'^idaas layo laxa tsla^yiisa
^u5last!EgEma^yasa sasEmasa kwekwe. 55
Wa, lex'a^mes lax^dEmsa kwekwe lax tsla^yiisa ^nolastlEgEma-
^yaxs lE^lae. Wa, laEm k" !eas waldEmsa ^naxwa bEgwauEm laxeq.
Wii, g"il^niese -wl-ia yax^wItsE^weda kwekwekwe.
Yixs k'!esae L!aL!ayokule LeLEgEmas g'ag'iLEla lax g-alaole
O^maxt lalaLa^ye, yix g-alasa ^uE^memotasa G'Ig'ilgamasa Q!omo- 60
ya^ye, Laxweg'ila qa LaLExwesa kwekwekwe LE^va nEqaxa laxa
^nal'nE^memase. Wii, la ^nek'eda q!aq!astowe, yix Wiltse-stala:
"La^me wilxtowEiis g'lg'lgama^ye. Wii, la^mesEn nEqaxodEl,"
^nek'Exs lae Lex^edEX liixEn lex'aeneEmLe LcqElaso^La LCLEgE-
masa ^nal'nEmokwe hlx LeLaxuma^yasa ^niil'nE^memasasa Kwakii- 65
k'Ewakwexa k"!ese L!iiL!ayoxi.iilabEndalaxes LeLEgEme g-iig'iLEla
lax g-alaole bEkumg-alisa bebEgwauEmex, yixs k'!csae 1 tilts !ae-
noxwe LeLEgEmasa Lilxuma^yasa ^niil^nE^memase laxa ^n6last!EgE-
ma^yas siisEmasa Lexaxuma^ye.
824 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITJTL Ietii.ann. 35
70 And the names can not be given to the husband of tlie daughter,|
none of the whole number of the names, beginning with the ten-|
months child's name until he takes the name of his father, the name
of the head chief. These are caUed the "myth names."
|
I
75 The only names of the head chief of the numayms that|| can be
given in marriage are the names which he obtains in marriage from
his fathers-in-law, and also the privileges, for he can not give his|
own privileges to his son-in-law.
|
And when the head chief of a numaym has no son, and his child|
is a girl, she takes the place of her father as head chief; and when|
80 the head chief has no child, and the younger brother of the headll
chief (among the brothers of the man) has a child, even if she is a
|
girl, then the head chief among the brothers takes the eldest one of
|
the children of his younger brother, and places him or lier in his
|
seat as head chief of the numaym.
|
85 Now that finishes our talk about the Eagles, and the || head chiefs
of the numayms of the GwetEla, for they never change their order.|
|
Now I shall talk about the number of numayms of the GwetEla|
and about the number of names of the head chiefs, beginning from|
the time when they are born until they become head chiefs of the ||
90 numajon.
|
70 Wa, laxae k'leas gwex'^idaas lases LeLEgEme lax la^wiinEmases
tslEdaqe xilnokwa lax ^waxaasases LeLEgEme g-ag'iLEla laqex g'a-
lae helogwila lag'aa laqexs lae laLEX LegEmases ompexa Laxu-
mexLiiyo LegEma. Wa, lieEm LegadEs nuyambalis LeLEgEme.
Wa, lex'a^me LeLEgEmg'ilxLesa Laxuma^yasa ^nal^nE^memases
75 gEg'adanEme LeLEgEm laxes naEngumpe LE^wa k' !ek' lEs^owe qaxs
ivMeasae gwex^^idaas lases kMck"!Es-6 laxes uEgumpe.
Wa, gIPmese k'!eas xiinokwa Laxuma^yasa ^nE'memotexa bE-
gwanEme xun5x"s, wit, g'il^mese tslEdaqe xunokwas lae he L!a-
yoxes ompe laxa Lfixuma^ye. Wa, gil^mese kMeas xun5x"sa La-
80 xuma^ye, wa, gil^mese ximgwade tsla^yiisa Laxuma^yasa ^uE^me-
masa bEgwanEme loxs wax'^mae ts!Edaqa, wa leda Laxinna^yasa
^nE^mema ax-edEx ^nolast!EgEma^yas sasEmases ts!i¥ya qa^s la
Lax"stots laxes Laxwalaasa Laxuma^yases ^nE-memote.
Wa, laEm gwala gwagwex"s^ala laxa kwekwekwe LE^wa LcLaxii-
85 ma^yasa ^nal'nE^memasasa GwetEla, yixs kMesae lalagodala hlxes
gwegwiilaLElase.
Wii, la-mesEn gwagwexs-alal lax ^waxax'^idadzasas ^nal-'uE^me-
masasa GwetEla l6^ ^waxaasas LeLEgEmas LCLaxuma^yas g'iigiLEla
laqexs g"alae mayoLEmses abEmpe lag'aa laqexs lae Laxumdxes
90 ^uE^memote.
—
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-Uf. 825
I. NUMAYMS OF THE GWETELA 91
|
This is the head of the niimayms of the GwetEhi :
|
1. Maamtag'ila. Their head chief is ^maxuyahdze. This is his
name when he is liead chief of his niimaym, the Maamtag'ila,
| and
this is the name
II when he invites all the tribes. 95
|
And his man's name is YaqoLas (Place-of-Obtaining-Property)
before he becomes head chief of the Maamtag'ila,
| for then he gives
property to his tribe the GwetEla.
|
|
And his young man's name is Llesdaq (White-Goose). And
Llesdaq gives away property to the yoimg men || —that is, when the 100
young men give to one another paddles and mats, in the way the
|
first men used to do, for the sake of the greatness of the young man's
name, but in our recent days it is different; for shirts and kerchiefs
|
|
are given away by the young men for the sake of the greatness of tlie
young man's name, and nothing is given to old men when the
|
young men give to one another.||
| 5
And his child's name, when he is ten months old, is Wawalk'ine^
|
(Fouud-by-Good-Luck) ; that is, when they singe off the (hair of the)
head, and after they are painted with ocher, and when the thunder-*
|
bird straps of dressed deer-skin are put on. The ocher is for the
|
greatness of the name Wawalk'ine^, || when the whole tribe come to 10
paint themselves.
|
I. ^NAL^NE^MEMASA GWETELA 91
Wa, g'a^mes ^niEkumahxts ^mxPnE^memasasa GwetEla g'ada:
1. Maamtag'ila, ytxs Laxumalaax ^maxuyalidze. HeEm LegEm-
sexs lae Laxuma^j^ases ^iiE^memota Maamtag'ila. Wa, heEm
LegEmsexs lae Lelslaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya. 95
.Wa, he^mis qlwaxEXLayo LegEmse YaqoLas, yixs k'les^mae La-
xumdxes ^uE^memota Maamtag'ila, qaxs lae tiEnsela plEsaxes g'oku-
lota GwetEla.
Wa, la hel^axLalax Llesdaq. Wa, laEm gumyadzEXLalax Llesda-
qexa hiVyal^axs gumyasaplaasa se^wayowe LE^wa leEpwa^yexa gwe- 100
g'ilasa g-ale bEgwauEma qa o^mayoses helaxLiiyowe LegEma. Wa,
lox ogux^idxwa alex ^nala, yixs qlESEna^yae LE^wa laElaxwewa-ye
la giiniyadzaj^osa ha^yah'a qa 5^mayoses gumyadzEXLayo LcgEma,
yixs kleasae lasa q!ulsq!ulyakwe bebEgwauEm laxa hiVyal-agala
giimyasap !a. 5
Wii, he-'mis g'inlExLayo i.egEmsexs lae helogwila yix Wa-
walk-jna^ye, yixs lae gwal tslEx'EltsEmtsE^we x'omsas loxs lae
gwal gumsaso^sa gugiimyime loxs lae ^wi^la qEX'^aLEle ktinxwe-
dEmas eElag'imdza. Wii, he^mis o^mayos LegEmase Wflwalkina^ya
giigumyimaxs lae ^nfixwa gwagiimsenaso^ses g'okfllote. lo
826 ETHNOLOGY OF THE-KWAKIUTL Ietii. ann. 35
1 1 And his first name is tliat of the place where he was borne by his
mother. Wlien the mother gives birth to lier son at Tsaxis, then
| |
his name is Tsaxisadze; and when she gives birth to a girl at
|
Tsaxis, then her name is Tsaxisga. ||
15 And his sparrow name during the winter dance is K' lanamaxsta.
|
And he is hamshamts !es, and his name is Hamsbe^; for there are
seven names for the liead chiefs of the niimaym Maamtag'ila.
|
|
And aU these names do not change. They come from the family
|
myth; and these are the names of the head chief of the numaj^m ||
20 Maamtag'ila.
|
2. Loyalala^wa. Their head chief is TslEx^ed. Tliat is his name
when he becomes head chief of the numaym Loyalala^wa, and that
I
is his name when he invites all the tribes.
|
|
25 And his man's name is LlaqusdesElas. That is before || he becomes
head chief of the Loyalala^wa, for then he gives away property to
his tribe the GwetEla.
I |
And his young man's name is K'!Enwes (spider crab), when
|
KMeuwcs gives away to the young men, when they give to one
another paddles and mats, in the way the people used to do of
|
30 old for the sake of the greatness of the young man's He1| name.
has that name when he gives to the young men, namely K'lEnwes.
|
|
1 1 Wii, lie^'mis g'il LegEmse ^wlnagwltslena^yas mayoLasases abEmpas,
yixs g'iPmae he mayoLaxa tslEdaqases bEgwauEme xunokwe Tsa-
xise. Wa, lii, liex'-idaEm Lex^etso^s Tsaxisadze. Wii, gil^mcse
ts'.Edaqe mayoLEmasa tslsdaqe lax Tsaxise, lae LegadEs Tsaxisga.
15 Wii, la gwedzEXLiila KManamaxsta laxa ts!ets!eqa.
Wii, la hamshamts lEsa, wa, lii Legadss Hamsba^ye, ylxs aLEbo-
sgEmgaEx LCLEgEmxs Laxunui^yasa ^nE^memotasa Maamtag'ila.
Wii, yuwe-staEm k'!es L!aL!ayokula LeLEgEmox g'iig'iLsla lax
nuyame. AEm hex'sii LegEmsa Liixuma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Ma-
20 amtag'ila.
2. Loyalala^wa, yixs Laxumalaax Ts!Ex-ede. HeEm LegEmsexs
lae Laxuma^yases ^nE^memota Loyalala^wa. Wii, lieEm LegEmsexs
lae LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqwiilaLa^ya.
Wii, he^mis q !wiixEXLiiyo LegEmse L!aqusdesElase, yixs k'les'mae
25 Lii.xumdxes -'nE-'memota Loyalala^wa, qaxs lae tlsnsela plEsaxes
g'okulota GwetEla.
Wa, lii helaxLiilax K'!Enwis. Wii, laEm giimyadzEXLiilax
K'lEnwisexa ha^yal^iixs gQmyasapIaasa seaway iwe LE^wa leEl^wa-
. ^yexa gweg'ilasasa g'ale bEgwiiuEma qa o^mayoses he^laxLayowe
30 LegEma. Wii, he^Em Legadeda LegEmas giimyadzEXLayosa heVa.,
ylx K'lEnwise.
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 827
And his child's name when he is ten months old is WalaganEin; 32
|
that is, after they singe off (the hair of) the head, and after he is
painted with ocher, and when the thunderbiixl straps of dressed
|
deer-skin are put on. || That is for the sake of the greatness of the 35
name Walagansm when he is painted, and when his tribe pain
|
themselves.
|
And his first name when he is borne by his mother is ^yilis if
|
that is where he is born. Then his name is ^yills luitil the time
|
when he shall be ten months old.
||
And his sparrow name is Hanag'atsle (Advice-Keceptacle), for 40
Hanag'ats!e was song-leader in the beginning in the winter cere-
|
monial'; beginning from the time when the myth people first became
human beings; and it is only given to the eldest-born children of
| |
the first Ts!Ex^cd. Therefore he has the name, Hanag'atsle.
| ||
And in the hamsliamts !es his name is ^nawis; and the name of the 45
|
head chief of the numaym Loyalala^wa never changes, for he
|
changes his name for a short time only when he gets a name in
|
marriage.
|
3. G'exsEm. Tlieir head chief is K'imk'EqEwid; that is the name
when he is head chief of the numaj-mII G'exsEm, and that is his 50
name when he invites all the tribes.
j
|
Wa, he^mis g'hitEXLayo LegEmsexs lae helogwiia yix WalaganEm, 32
yixs lae gwal ts!Ex"EltsEmtsE-'we x'omsas loxs lae gwal gumsaso^sa
giigumyime Loxs lae ^wFla fjEx'^ilLEle kunxwedEmas eElag'imdza.
Wii, lieEm o^mayos LegEinase WfdaganEm gugiimyimaxs lae 35
^naxwa gwagiimsenaso^ses g'okulote.
Wii, he^mis gil LegEmsexs g'alae mayoLEmses abEmpe ^yillse
qaxs hile mayoPidayoses abEmpe, wa, la-me LegadEs ^yillse labia
laxes lielogwilax'dEmLa.
Wii, lii gwedzExLiilax Ilaniig'atsle qaes gwasx'illae nagade Hanii- 40
g'ats!e liJxa ts!ets!eqa g'iig iLEla itixs g'iilae g'ax bEkumgalisa g'fda
nux"nemisa k'les layo laxa ogO'la bEgwiinEma ogii^la laxa ^nSlastlE-
gEma-'yas sasEm^nakidiisa g'iila Tslsx^eda. Wii, he^mis hxg'ilas Le-
gadEs Hanilg"ats!e.
Wii, la LegadEs ^nawls lilxes hamsliamts !es. 45
Wii he^Emxat! kMes L!aL!ayokiila LegEmsa Liixuma^yasa ^'ue-
^memotasa Loyalala^wa yixs lex'a^mae yawas^d L!ayEwats LegEina-
sexs LegEmgilxLalasae, yises gEg'adaase.
3. G'exsem, yixs Laxumalaax Kimk'EqEwide. HeEni LegEmsexs
lae Liixuma^yases ^nE'memota G'exsEme. Wii heEm LegEmsexs lae 50
LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya.
828 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. a.nn. 35
52 And his man's name is Gay5LElas, before he becomes head chief
|
of his numaym G'exsEm, for then he gives property to his tribe
|
the GwetEla. 1|
55 And his young man's name is Qlomas (crab); and he is named
Qlomas when the young men give away to one another shirts and
|
kerchiefs for the sake of tlie greatness of the name Q !omas.
| |
And his child's name is Wagedayo when lie is ten months old, and
when the thunderbird straps of dressed skin are put on, and after
|
60 he is painted with ochre, and after the hair has been singed off.||
|
And when he is born in Ts lamas (Victoria), then his name is
Ts lamas.
|
His sparrow name is X'awaatsle.
|
His name as hamshamts !es is Ages.
|
And his warrior name is K ilEmalag'ilis, for he has been a warrior |1
65 ever since the myth people became human beings.
|
4. Kukwiiklum. Their head chief is NEqap'.Euk'Em. This is liis
name as head cliief of the numaym Kiikwaklum; that is when he
| |
invites all the tribes, and he takes the place of his father.
|
70 And his man's name is TsEx-wld before he becomes || head chief
of the numaym Kukwaklum; for then he gives away property to
his tribe the GwetEla. I
I
52 Wa, he^mis qlwaxExLiiyo LegEmse GayoLElas, yixs k'les^mae La-
xumdxes ^nE^memota G'exsEme, qaxs lae tiEnsela plEsaxes g'okii-
lota GwetEla.
55 Wa, lii helaxLixlax Q!6mase. Wii, laEm gumyadzEXLalax Qloma-
sexa ha^yal-'iixs gumyasap !aasa qlESEua^ye LE^wa lalaxwlwa^ye qa
o^mayoses LegEme Q!6mase.
Wa, la ginlEXLalax Wagedayo yixs helogwila, yLxs lae Hvi^la la
qEX'^iiLEle kunxwedEmas eElagumdza loxs lae gwal gumsaso^sa
60 giigumyime, yixs lae gwal tslEx^EltsEmtsE^wa.
Wa, la mayoLEm laxa Ts!amase, wii, he^mis LegEmse Ts!amase.
Wa, la gwedzEXLalax X'awaatsle.
Wii, la LcgadEs Agese laxes hamshamts !Ets!ena^ye.
Wa, la babak!waxLalax K'ilEnnvlagilis qaxs gwasx"alae baba-
65 kiwaxs g'iiglLElaxs g-alae bEkug'alisa nux"nemise.
4. Kukwaklum, yixs Liixumalaax NEqaplEnk'Eme lieEm LegEm-
sexs lae Laxuma^yases ^uE^memota Kukwiiklum. Wii, heEm LegEm-
sexs lae LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya yixs lae Llayostodxes ompe.
Wii, he^mis qlwaxEXLiiyo LegEmse TsEx^wide, yLxs kMes^mae La-
70 xumdxes ^uE^memota Kiikwaklum, qaxs lae tlEnsela plEsaxes
2'okiil6ta GwetEla.
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-UL 829
And his young man's name is Wabido^; that is, when the j'oung 72
men give to one another paddles and mats, in the way the people
|
used to do of olden times, for the sake of the greatness of the young
|
man's name.
||
And his warrior name is Yag'is. And he only takes the name 75
|
Yag'is when he has killed a man, and when he keeps the scalp of
|
the one whom he has killed in the way it was done by his ancestors,
for there is not one of the generations of chiefs NEqap lEuk'Em who
I
has not killed a man; therefore their boxes were filled with
| ||
scalps of the men they killed, and therefore he is called Yag'is. 80
| |
And his feast name is Kwax'ilanokume.
|
And his child's name is G"iyaqa when he is ten months old.
|
And his sparrow name in the winter ceremonial is TletlESEmx'-
ts!ana. ||
Wlien he is hamatsla he has the name Llax'Elag'ilis. 85
|
And when he was borne by his mother in Xulk", at the mouth of
the river Gwane^, then his name is taken from the place where he
|
was borne by his mother until he is ten months old. Then he has
|
the name Xulk".
|
5. SeuLlEm. Tlieir head chief is ^nEmogwis. That is his name
when he invites all the tribes, and when he is head chief of hisII 90|
numaym SenL !Em.
|
Wii la hel^axLala Wabido^xa ha^yal'iixs gumyasap!aasa se^wayowe 72
LE^wa leElwa^yexa geg'ilasasa g'ale bEgwauEma qa 5^may6ses hel^ax-
Lfiyowe LegEma.
Wa, la babaklwaxLala ^yag'ise. Wii, laEmxae al^Em Lex^edEs 75
^yag'ise yixs lae kMelak^axa bEgwanEuie qa^s g"axe axelax l !esas
x'omsases kMelag'ikwe lax gwegulasas g'ilg'alisa wlwomps, yixs
k' leasae ^nEmox"sa l !aL !ayots !ala g'igame^ NEqap lEnk'Em k" !cs k" !e-
lax'^Idxa bEgwaiiEme, lagulas hemEnalaEm qotles gildasaxa
sabEkwe L!etsox X'omsases k'lelagikwe bEgwanEma. Wii, hc^mis 80
liig'ilas LegadEs ^yiig'ise.
Wii, la klweladzExLiila Kwax'Uanokuma^ye.
Wa, la ginlExLfila O'lyacja, yixs lae helogwila.
Wii, la gwedzEXLiila T!et!ESEmx'(s!ana liixa ts!ets!eqa.
Wii, la LegadEs Lliix'Elag'ilis laxes hiimatslaena^ye. 85
Wii, la miiyoLEmses abEmpe lax XQlkwe lax 6x"siwa^yas was
Gwiine^, wii, he^me LegEmsexa' g-aglLEla laqexs g'alae mayoLEmses
abEmpe lillaa laqexs, lae helosgEmg'ila. Wii, laEm LegadEs Xiilkwe.
5. SeiiLlEm, yixs Laxumalaax ^iiEmogwise, heEm LegEmsexs lae
LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya qaes laena^ye Laxuma^yases ^uE^me- 90
mota SenLlEme.
> Or he'mis LegEinsg.
830 ETHNOLOGY OP THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
He is hamsh&mtslEs and has the name LleniElxk' lalag'ilis.
|
95 (Infant's name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsaxisadze.)
|
6. Laahix's^Endayo. The head chief is Llaqwalal. That is his
name when he is head chief of the numaym LaaUxx's^Endayo.
|
That is his name when he invites all the tribes, and when he tells
|
100 the chiefs || of all the tribes that he takes the place of his father
Llaqwalal, for that is the head chief; and his father Llaqwalal just
|
changes his name, and he takes the name P !asElal. And his seat
|
cis*at the end, the last one in the numaym Laalax's^Endayo.| |* * * * * *
And his dance is the grizzly bear, and his name is ^Willas nan.
|
And when he is borne by his mother in Qalogwis, then his name|
is Qalogwidze.
|
15 These are the seven numayms of the GwetEla who had|| the name
Kwexamot among the men of olden times; but the new tribal name
|
of the Kwexamot is GwetEla, since the time of ^maxwa, when he
|
was killed by the Qlomoya^ye.
|
92 (Man's name, WalEwid; young man's name lIeweIs (elk); feast
name Kwax'ilanokume^; child's name, Wadzid; sparrow name,
Ts!aqa.)
95 Wa, la hamshamtslEsa la LegadEs L!emElxk'!alag-ilis.
(Infant's name, if born in Tsaxis, Tsaxisadze.)
6. LaSlax-s^Endayo, ylxs Laxumalaax Llaqwalal; hiJEm LegEm-
sexs lae Laxuma^yases ^uE-'memota Laalax's-'Endayo. Wa, heEm
LegEmsexs lae LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa\ya,qa^s nelexa g-ig-Egama-
100 ^yasa ^niixwa lelqwalaLexs lE^mae Llayoxes ompe Llaqwalal yixs lae
hela Laxuma^ya. Wii, iVmise 5mpas L!aqwalale la LlayoxLa. Wa,
laEm LegadEs P!asElale qa^s la Laxsdsnd lax mak" lExsda^yases
^nE^memota Laalax's-'Endayo.
(Man's name, Q'.umx'od; young man's name, Hamdzalatsle; feast
5 name, Kwax-se^stala; child's name, Adaxalis; sparrow name, Holo-
lid.)
Wa, lit nane liidas; wa, la LegadEs ^wiilas nane.
Wa, helatia mayoLEmses abEmpe Qalogwise, wa, he^mis LegEmse
Qalogwidze.
10 7. Elgdnwe^ (chief's name, G'exk'inis; man's name, Lalax's-'En-
dayo; young man's name, ^nEmgwanal; child's name, G'iyaxalis;
sparrow name, Damis; nulmal name, Nol-id; infant's name, if born
at Wadzolis Wadzolidze).
Wii, laEm ^wMaxa aLEbosgEmakliise ^niil^nE^mematsa GwetElaxa
15 Lgo-ada Kwexamote laxa g'illii bEgwanEma. Wii, lax alomas lEgii-
XLilyosa Kwexamotox GwetElax, g-agiLEla lax ^maxwa yixs lae
k- !elax-^itsosa Qlomoya^ye.
L'OAS] SOOIAL DIVISIONS 01' THE KWAG-UL 831
Now, the names of the head chiefs of the various numayms do not
change; for the head cliief can not give his || names to the liusband 20|
of liis princess, —beginning with the liead chief's and man's name,
|
down to the young man's name, child's name, sparrow name, and
I |
liamshilmts !es name, fool-dancer's name, and grizzly-bear dancer's
name,—to his sons-in-law; for it was instituted in olden times that
|
the head chiefs || had to keep their names, and that they could give 25
them to no other than the eldest among their children.
|
|
Now that finishes our talk .about the seven numayms of the
|
Kwexamot who have the new name GwetEla, and the names
|
beginning with the time when the child is just born until he becomes
||
head chief of the numaym. That is all. 30
|
II. NUMAYMS OF THE Q !6M0YA^YE 1
|
I shall first talk about the name of the tribe Q !omoya^ye, for this|
is the fu'st name of the tribe Q'.omoya^ye. Then a warrior killed
|
^maxwa at Eg'isbalis, and ^maxwa was the || head chief of the great 5
head numaym of the GwetEla, the Maamtag'ila. When ^maxwa
|
was de'ad, the Qlomoya^ye changed their name; and now the
|
name of the tribe was Kwexa, beginning from the time when they
killed the past ^maxwa. And then the Kwag'ul who have now the
|
Wa, hastaEm k'les LlaLlayokule LexEgEmasa LeLaxuma^yasa 18
aloguq!Ese ^nal^uE^memota, yixs k^Easae gwex^^idaasa Laxuma^ye
la LegEing'ElxLalases Laxuma^ye LCLEgEm lax la^wuiiEmases kMede- 20
lexa g'agiLEla lax LegEmas laxes Laxuma^yae LE^wis q IwaxEXLayo
i.E^wis helaxLayo LE-wis g'lnlEXLiiyo LE^wis gwedzEXLiiyo LE^wis
hamshamtslEs LeLEgEma, LE^wa nolEmala LE^wa nane Ifida laxes
naEngumpe, ylxs gwalElamoyolaEl Elg-aaLElodayo laxa LeLaxuma-
^yexa LeLEgEmasqa k'!eses l&sas laxa ogti^la lax ^nolastlEgEma^yases 25
sasEine.
Wa, laEm gwala gwagwex's^ala laxa aLEbosgEmakluse ^nal-nE-
^mematsa Kwexamotexa alEXLaliix GwetEla LE^wis i.eLEgEme er'a-
giLEla laqexs g'alae mayoLEmses abEmpe lag'aa laqexs lae Laxumd-
xes ^nE^memote. Wa laEm laba. 30
II. ^nal^ne^memasa qIomoya^ye 1
HetlaLEii gll gwagwex's^alasLa lEguxLayasa Q!6moya^ye, ylxs
he^niae g1l lEgiixLiiyose Qlomaya^ye. Wii, lii k'!elax-^ide baba-
klwasex ^maxwa lax Eglsbalise, yixs g'lgama^yae ^maxwa yisa
^niEkuma^yasa ^walase ^nE^memotsa GwetElaxa Maamtag'ila. Wa, H
g-iPmese Ie^Ic ^maxwa laa^Iase LlayoxLaxa Q!6moya^ye. Wii, laEm-
4ae lEguxLiilax Kwexa, g-agiLElaxs lae kwex^edEx ^'maxwol. Wii,
laEm'laxaawisa Kwag'ulexa la lEgiixLalax GwetEJa l layoxLa. Wa,
832 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
9 name GKvetEla also changed their name. They had no longer the
|
tribal name Kwag"ul, for that was the first tribal name of the ll
10 Kwiig'ul; but their tribal name was Kwexamot, because their
|
chief ^maxwa had been killed. And thus you know how it began
|
that the Q!5moya^ye have the tribal name Kwexa; for the name
|
hwexa means that they strike with their walking-sticks whatever is
struck by them, and that they strike with the sword, for it is called
|
15 kwexa to strike with a pole, || as ^maxwa was struck with when he was
kUled. That is aU.
|
Now I shall talk about the various numayms of the Q!omoy§,^ye.
|
The head numaym is:
|
1. Kukwak!um.
These are the myth names of the head chief of the mmiaym
|
22 Kukwaklum of the Qlomoya^ye.
|
Now I shall begin with the names of the head chief next to this
one. II
* * * * * * *
Now these are all the names of the head chief of the numaym
|
Yaex'agEme^.
|
laEm^lae gwal lEguxLalax Kwilgule qaxs he^mae g'll IsguxLayosa
10 Kwag'ule. Wa, laEm lEguxLiilax Kwex.imote, qaxs lae kwex^e-
tsE^wes gigamex'de ^maxwa. Wa, yfi^mok" qa^s q!alaosax g'iig'lLE-
lasas lag-ilas lEguxLalaxa Q!5moya^yax Kwexa, yixs he^mae kwexa-
x'Lexa kwex^Idaxes sek"!aganowe laxes kwexasE^we loxs kwex^i-
daases kwexayowe. Wa, heEm LegadES kwexa ylxs dzomeg'alae
15 kwcxEliisa kwex^idiix ^maxwa lae lE^amatsE^wa. Wii, yu-moq".
Wii, la^mesEU gwagwex's^alal laxa alogiiq!Ese ^nal^nE^mematsa
Q!6moya^ye. Wa, heEm ^mEkumalatsexa
1. Kukwaklum (chief's name, YaqoLadze; man's name, Hawil-
kiilrtl; young man's name, Wabid(y; child's name, Adag'i^lak"; feast
20 name, MEnledzadze ; sparrow name, LaxLalil; nutmal name, Sa-
yak'!a; warrior's name, KilEm).
Wa, heEm nuyambalis LeLEgEms Laxuma'yasa ^mEkuma^ye ^ue-
^memasa Kukwak!umasa Q!omoya^ye.
Wii, la^mesEn lasL lax LCLEgEmas Laxuma^yas miikllaq.
25 2. HaanaLena (chief's name, Yax'LEu; man's name, TsEx^'wid;
young man's name, X'imayo; child's name,Adag"ilis; sparrow name,
Nux"nemis; hamshamts!Es name, ^nax'nEWisElag'ilis).
3. Yaex'agEme- (chief's name, LliiqoLas; man's name, YaqoLa-
sEme^; young man's name, Xwatia; chikl's name, Tsolaso^; feast
30 name, Kwakiix-fllas; sparrow name, QaqEsbEndala; hamshamtslEs
name, ^nax'qlESElagilis).
Wa, laEmxae ^wl^la LgLEgEmasa Laxuma^yasa ^uE^memasa Yae-
x'agEma^ye.
.
BOAS] SOCIAL, DIVISIONS OF THE KWAGUL 833
These are all the names of the head chief of the numaym 40
|
G'Ig'ilgam, for there are seven numayms of the Qlomoya^ye. That
|
is all about the Q lomoya^ye.
|
III. NUMAYMS OF THE ^WALAS KWAG"UL 1
|
Now I shall talk about the numayms of the ^walas Kwag'ul and
|
the names of their head chiefs. Tliis is the first, the head numaym :
|
|
1. DzEndzBnx'qIayo. 5
These are all the myth names of the head chief of the || numaym. 15|
4. Haayalik"awe^ (chief's name, HiixiiyosEme^ ; man's name, l !aL!a-
lawls; young man's name, K'lEnax"; child's name, Wisadze; spar- 35
row name, YalEla; hamshamts!Es name, ^na^nogwis; warrior's name,
GwaxQLayagllis)
5. Laxsii (chief's name, ^maxiiyalisEme/; man's name, Lalak'otsia;
young man's name, Bagwane^; child's name, Witalal; sparrow name,
X'ix'EqEla; nulmal name, NEnologEme^; feast name, Kwax'se^stala; 40
warrior's name, ^yag'edEnol).
6. G'ig"ilgam (chief's name, K!wak!wabalasEme^; man's name,
L!al-'id; young man's name, MEmtsalal; child's name, Nole^Iak";
sparrow name, WabEtols; grizzly-bear dance name, NEnk"as-o; feast
name, PoLede^stala ; warrior's name, Waleba^ye). 45
Wii, laEm ^wi^la LeLEgEinasa Laxuma^'yasa ^UE^memaxa Q-ig-tl-
gam, yixs aLEbosgEmak!ilsae ^naFnE^memasasa Q!5moya^ye. Wa,
laEui ^wi^laxa Q!6moya-ye.
III. ^NAt^NE^MEMASA ^WALAS KWAGUt 1
Wii, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal laxa ^nal^uE^memasasa ^walas Kwa-
g-ul l6^ LeLEgEmas LCLaxuma^yas. Wii, g'a^mes xa^mabe ^niEk-u-
meseg"a
1. DzEndzEnx'q!ayo (chief's name, YilxLEn; man's name, Hayal- 5
k'EngEme-'; young man's name, Sexulas; child's name, Deyadeas
g'iyadze; sparrow name, Hanag'Id; hamshamts!Es name, Gwayoku-
lag-ilis; deer-dance (gegexulal) name, Gewas; feast name, MElne-
dzadze; warrior's name, K'llEm).
2. Wiiwaliba^ye (chief's name, Yaqal^Enala; man's name, Aoma- 10
k-Eu; young man's name, ^niEk-ala; child's name, Aadol; sparrow
name, XodzEnod; hamshamts!Es name, Hox^wetaso^; feast name,
Mslnedzas; warrior's name, HemotElaso^).
Wii, laEmxae ^wFla miyambilHse LeLEgEms Laxuma^yasa ^uE^me-
ma. 15
3. G'exsEm (chief's name, LaLchLla; man's name,YaqoLas; young
man's name, K!wet!e-; child's name, G-pyaqa; sparrow name, LlEm
setaso^; hamshamtslEs name, ^nax"danadze ; feast name, Kwax'se-
^staladze; warrior's name, K'ek'alElayo).
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 i
834 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ' [eth. ann. ?6
20 IV. NUMAYMS OF THE q!oMK'!ut!eS
|
Now I shall l)egiii with the Q!omk' !ut!Es, for they are a tribe dif-
ferent from the ^walas Kwag'ul, and this is the first numajon: —
| |
I
1. LeqlEin.
* ^' * * * * *
And he is NolEm dancer, and has the name NolEine^stahs if it is a
man; but if it is a woman, she has the name NolEme^stahdzEmga;
|
|
lus feast name is MEuled; he is a warrior, and has the name
||
30 QEnkidag'ihdzEm; and his name is thus because the head chief of
|
the numaym Leq Ism never laughs. These are aU the names of the
|
head chief. * * *
|
These are the different numayms of the foiu- Kwakiutl tribes,
|
The Kwag'ul, who are called Kwexamot, of the Q!6moya^}'e, who
|
40 are called Kwexa; and || of the ^walas Kwag'ul, who are called
Laqwi^liila, because they burn everywhere the houses of all the
|
tribes when they make war upon them, for the ancestors of the
|
^walas Kwag'ul always made wai-, and therefore their war name is
20 IV. ^NAi^NE^MEMASA q!oMK'!ut!ES
Wii, la^mesEu hisLa laxa Q!omkMut!Ese, yixs ogu^la^mae lelqv/a-
laLe^ laxa ^walas Kwag'ula. Wa, g'a^mes ^mskumalas ^nal-nE^me-
masase.g'a
1. LeqiEm (chief's name, HaeLEkuine^ ; man's name, G'ayosdedza-
25 sEme^; young man's name, MEtsa; child's name, Ade^stala; sparrow
name, QasElas).
Wa, la nolEme ladiis. Wii, la LegadEs NolEine-'stalis, yixs bEgwa-
nEmae, wax'e tslEdaqa la LegadEs NolEine^stalidzEmga. Wa, la
klweladzEXLiilax MEiilede. Wii, la babaklwa; wa lii Legadss Qeii-
30 kiilagilidzEm, yixs hee hxg'ilas he gwexsg'lmala LegEmases k'lesae
da^lenoxwa Laxuma^yasa ^nE-memiisa LeqiEnie. Wa, laEm ^wi^le
LeLEgEuiasa i.axuma'yas.
2. LeLEged (chief's name, Lalep!alas; man's name, Ek'laweg'i-
^lak"; young man's name, Max^enox" ; child's name, O^mag'lhs; spar-
35 row name, LlEmyala; hamshamtslFs name, LlaqusElag'ilis; feast
name, PoLid; warrior's name, GwaxuLEyiigulis).
Wa, laEm ^wi^la laxeq yix alogiiq !es ^nai^iiE^mematsa mosgEma-
kwe Kwakiik'Ewakwaxa Kwagulexa LeqElasE^was Kwexamote.
Wa, he-'misa Qlomoya^yexa LeqElasE^was Kwexa. Wa, he^misa
40 ^walas Kwag'ulxa LeqElasE^was Laqwi^lala qaxs laqwi^lalaax g'ig'6-
kvvasa -'naxwa lelqwiiiiiLa'ya, yixs winaaq qaxs winabEsaexa g'aliisa
'waias Kwagul. Wii, heui:s wInaxLiiyose Laqwi^liila. Wii, he'misa
BOAS] SOCIAL DIVISIONS OF THE KWAG-Ut 835
Laqwi^liila; and also the Q!onik' !ut !es who are called LoeI- 43
|
qlwenox" (halibut-fishers). And so that is all about this.
| ||
These names never change. 45
|
I think this is all, for these are the names of the head chiefs of the
|
numayms of the tribes, and the houses and the dogs all have names.
|
The reasons why the chiefs of the people of former times kept dogs
|
was to keep watch against attacks of enemies and against attempts
of witchcraft. ||
Q!omk'!ut!Esexa LEqElasE^was LoElqIwenoxwe. Wa, lawesLa ^wPla 43
laxeq.'
Wa, heEm k'!es Llayoenox" LeLEgEme. 45
Wii, iax-st!aak"^Em =wFla, yLxs ^na.xwa^mae he gwala LeLEgEmas
LeLaxuma^yas ^nal^uE^memasa lelqwalaLa^ye LE^wa g'okwe LE^wa
waotsle; ^na.xwaEm LCLEgada, yixs he^mae lagilasa g'lg'EgEma^yasa
g"ale axelaxa ^watsle qa^s q!aq!alalaxa wina LE^wa dadaala eqa.
iHere follows a list of the names of houses and dogs of the chiefs which I have omitted. See tabular
statement, pp. 795 et seq. See also Addenda, p. 1386.
VIII. FAMILY HISTORIES
Wail of l!al!eqwasila/ a Gwa^sela Woman^
1 Halia hanane! Now I come to think of my forefathers and of|
my great-grandfathers. Now I wiU tell the story of my house
|
when we were chiefs in the beginning of this our world.
|
5 Haha hanane! YaqalE^nala (II 1) went about spouting. || He was
my chief in the beginning of the world. He traveled about in his
canoe, a whale; for he was a whale, the ancestor of my people the
|
Gwa^sEla and he went into NEgeL. He saw that there was a good
; |
beach, and he went ashore there; and YaqalE^nala (II 1) built a|
10 house, and came out of his whale-body. Now, H the whale-canoe
I
of YaqalE'uala (II 1) lay crosswise on the beach. Then YaqalE'^nlis|
(II 1) gave a name to the village, and called it GweqElis. |
Haha hanane ! Then YaqalEulis (II 1) said that he would go and
|
see the country southward. He went aboard his traveUng-canoe,|
15 "Whale," and came to Padzo. There YaqalE^nala (II 1) saw a||
good beach, and the whale landed in the middle of the beach of|
Padzo. YaqalEnlis (II 1) went ashore out of his traveling-canoe,
I
Wail of l!al!eqwasila,' a Gwa^sela Woman
1 Haha hanane; lak'as-maeg'in g-Ig-aex-^idxEn wlwompk-aswiila
LokwasEn gagasElak'asa lak'as-'mesEn nEwelasg'in gwal'alldzEmek-
g'lqostales laxo ^na^lax.
Haha hanane; wit hek'as^maexs lakasae iJaltse^stallsEle YaqalE-
5 ^nalaesxEU g-Iqag'iwa-ye gwalesa ^ya^yasElaxes gwE^ylme ^yinasEla
qak-asExs gwE^yimaEn awanayax Gwa^sElek". Wa, g'axk'ase g"a-
xel^'id lak'asEx NEgeLe. Wa,lak-ase dox^waLEJaxe ex-e a^wlnagwisa.
Wa, lak-ase lag-alis laq. Wii, lak-ase g-6kwlla YaqalE^nala laqexs
lak'asae laqS, laxe gwE^yime. Wa, iikwas^'mese la gegilisElak-asa
10 gwE^yime -\yiVyats!es YaqalE-'nala laxe LlEma^yaese. Wa, lak'as^me
YaqalEnlise Lex^'ets GweqElise laxes la g'okwelasa.
Haha hanane; hek-as-mes la neg'ats YaqalEnlise qa's g-axk'ase
doxdEgwesElaxo ^nalenak-alax. Wii, liik-as'me laxs laxes ^ya^yasi-
^litlayowa gwE^ylme. Wii, g"axk"ase laxo Padzawa. Wa, lak-ase
15 YiiqalE-nala dox^waLElaqoxs ek'aex ftwlnagwisa. Wii, liik-as^me
tsEx-'walTseda gwE^ylme hvk-asEx ^uEgoyalisas Padzawa. Wa, lak'as-
4axae la YaqalEnlise hllta laxes ^ya-'yasi^liilayuwa gwE^yime qa^s lit
1 LlaL'Eqwasila.
! In the following family traditions the individuals are designated by Roman numerals for each gen-
eration; by Arabic numerals for each ii^dividual. This seemed necessary on account of the constant
changes of names.
836
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 837
"Whale," and went to look at it. He saw that it was a good place 18
|
to build a house. And now Chief YaqalEiiilis (II 1), my ancestor,|
built a house ten || steps deep. He closed the mouth of the river 20
at EmxsdElis, and therefore the river is called EmxsdElis (closed-
I
bottom). Then YaqalEnlis's (II 1) name was changed from Yaqa-
I
lEolis to TsExtsExulis (stranded-whale); for that is what the whale
I
did when it went ashore at Padzo. Now, TsExtsExiilis (II 1)
|
fmished || his house. It was ten steps deep. Then a canoe came
| 25
paddling along, and TsExtsExulis (II 1) went to meet (the travelers),
and he invited them in. A man and his wife and a pretty young
| |
woman came ashore. They sat down. Then TsExtsExiilis gave
|
them to eat. And after they had eaten, || TsExtsExulis ciuestioned 30
his guests: "O brother! who are you?" Then the man said," I
|
|
am SenLe^ (I 1). My village is in the world above, and this is my
|
princess, SeuLlegas (II 2) ; and this is my wife, bi-other !"| Then
SenLle^ (I 1) questioned him also: || "And who are you, brother!" 35
Then TsExtsExulis (II 1) replied, and said, "I am TsExtsExulis.
| |
I come from North-End-of-our-Woiid. I wish to marry your prin-
|
cess, O brother! so thatournamesmay be really together." Then
||
I
SenLle^ (I 1) asked his princess to sit down by the side of Tsex-
| 40
dox^wIdEq. Wa, lak'as^me dox^waLElaqexs ek"ae lax gokwelase. IS
Wa, lak'as^me YaqnlEnlisexEn g'iqag^iwa^ye g'okwelaxe ^iiEqax'^i-
daxallle dzoyagEk" g'okwa. Wii, lak'as^ma Emx"Emk"amasax was 20
EmxsdElise. Wii, hek"as^mes lag'ilas Legats EuixsdElisa wa. Wii,
liik-iis^me L!a^yoxLJi^ye YiiqalEnlise; wii, lak-as^me Legade YiiqalEnli-
siisas TsExtsExulise, qak'ase gwex'^idaasasa gwE^ylmaxs lak^asae
tsExwalisa gwE^yime lak'asEx Padzawe. Wii, lilk'as-me g-wiilk-ase
g-okwila^yas TsExtsfcxulisexa iiEqiix'^idaxalTle dzoyagEk" g'okwa 25
g-axk'asaase sexwa. Wii, Iiik\ise TsExtsExulise liilaliiq qak'ats
La^li^laleq. Wii, g^ilxk'ase hox^wijsdeseda bEgwaiiEme Lokwases gE-
uEme Lokwasa ex'sokwe alostagas ts!Edaqa. Wii, liik'ase k!us^alila.
Wa, lilk'ase TsExtsExillise LiExwelaq. Wii, gilk'as^mese gwiil l!e-
xwaxs lak-asaeTsExtsExiilise wuLak'asxes LlExwelag'ile: "Wii, ^nEm- 30
wEyot; so-'maa Eiigwas." Wa, lak-ase ^nek'aseda bEgwilnEme:
"Nogwak-as SenL!a^ya g^okiila liix ek' iadzelisasEns ^niilak'asex. Wii,
yokwas-mesEn k' !edelk"asa, yik'asxox SenLlegasex; Lokwasgin gE-
uEmk'asEk-, ^iiEmwEyot." Wii, lak^ase SenLla^ye ogwaqak-as
wfiLiik'asEq: "Wa, sokwas^maa Engwas, ^nEmwEyot." Wii, liik'ase 35
TsExtsExulise na^naxmek-asEq. Wii, liik-ase ^nek'asa: "Nogwak'as
TsExtsExtilisa, g'ax'^id lak-asxox gwiibalisasEns ^nalax. Wii, lilk-as-
^mesEn ^nex'k-as qEn giigakMexs k' !edelk-asaqos, ^UEmwEyot, qa-
k'asaEns a'ma ''nEmgilqElaxEns LcLEgEmk-asex." Wii, okwas-mese
SenL!a^ye ^yalaxsigwllaxes kMedelk-ase qa lak'ases klwiinodzEhla 40
838 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
42 IsExulis, and they were married. Then SenL'.e^ (1 1) gave as aj
marriage present the names Sesaxalas and Sewid to TsExtsExulis|
(II 1), and this was the first name obtained in marriage by my
ancestor the chief.
]
45 Haha hanane! When SeniJegas (II 2) had a child, || a boy,
SeniJe^ (I 1) called his grandson Anx^wid (III 1), and Sesaxalas|
called his child YaqalEnlis (III 1), and Sesaxalas gave his house|
of ten steps to his son YaqalEnlis. Therefore I am on one side|
Kwakiutl on account of the chief, my ancestor. ||
|
50 Halia hanane! Now, Sesaxalas (II 1) said that he woidd go to
|
see the regions to the south. SeniJe-' (1 1) and his wife, and SenLle-|
gas (II 2) and her son, Anx^vid (III 1), stayed at home. Now we1
shall call him by this name, for the child YaqalEnlis (III 1) had|
55 this name on the side of his father Sesaxalas (II 1). || Sesaxalas left
the whale as food for his father-in-law SenLle^ (I 1); and SenLle^|
(I 1) gave his flat-bowed canoe to his son-in-law Sesaxalas (II 1) to|
travel in, for he was going to see the southern regions. As soon as|
Sesaxalas (II 1) started, SeuLie^ (I 1) cut off the blubber of the
|
60 whale. Now, SenLle^ obtained a new name from this, and his||
princess was named K' liimaxalas (II 2). And after this she was|
not named SenL!egas (II 2); and SenL!e^ (I 1) obtained this new[
41 TsExtsExiihse. Wa, lak-as^me hayasEk alax-^ide. Wa, lakas^me Sen-
L'.a-'ye LegEmgElxLalax Sesaxalase Lokwase Sewide lak'asExTsExtsE-
xidise. Wa, hek'as-Em gll gEg-adauEm LCLEgEmsEn g-Iqag-iwa-ye.
Haha hanane; wa hek-as-Em la xungwadaats SenL!egasasa ba-
45 bagumc. Wa, hlk-ase SeniJa^ye Lex-'ets Au.x'wide lak-nsxes ts!ox"-
LEma. Wa.lak'ase Sesaxalase Lex^etsYiiqalEnlise iak-asxes xiinokwe.
Wa, lak'as'me Sesaxalase ts!ases nEqax-'idaxalile dzoyagEk" g-ok"
Iak-asxes xiinokwe YaqalEnlise. Wii, hek-as-Em la kwax"k- !6t!E-
nesEn g-Iqag'iwa^ye.
50 Haha hanane; wa, lak-as-mese Sesaxalase ^nexk-as qa^s lakase
doqwaxwa ^nale-'nak-alax. Wii, lak-ase amle.-swe ^SenLa-'ye Lokwa-
ses gEuEme Lokwase SenL!egase L5kwases xunokwe Aiix^wide.
Wii, lak-as^mEus LeqElaLEs lak-asqexs liik-asaaxt Legadk-ats Yaqa-
lEnlisa g-iniinEmk-ffse Iak-asxes ompk'as? Sesaxalase. Wii, lak-as-'me
55 g-6lisa Sesaxalasasa gwE-yime Iak-asxes nEgumpc SenL!a-ye. Wii,
lak-as^mese SenLla^ye lak'atses tlEgijne lak'asxes uEgilmp Sesaxalase
qak-as ^ya^yats!cs iJikasxts laeneLe ddxdEgwesEhikasxe ^niile^na-
k-rda. Wii, g-ilk-asnnese alex'wide Sesaxalasaxs hik-asae k-!a-
maxEle SenLla^yaxe gwE^yime. Wii, hik-.is-me LegEmoLe Sen-
60 Lla^ye lak-asxeq. Wii, lak-as-me Legade k-!edehisa K-!iimaxalase.
Wii, hik-as'"me gwid LegadEs SenL!egase. Wii, hik-as-Emxae g-tiya-
uEme SenL!a^vaxa LegEmkase Iak-asxes k-!iimaxElak-ats!ena^yaxa
liOAsI FAMILY HISTORIES 839
name from the cutting of the blubber of the whale. Now, Sesaxalas 63
|
(II 1) arrived at Odzalas, for that is where the houses of the ances-
|
tors of the Nimkish stood, of Hex'hak'in (I 2). Then myll ancestor 65
Chief Sesaxalas (II 1) was invited in. —
|
|
Haha hauane ! My great-grandfather was taken care of by the
|
ancestors of the tribes.
|
Haha hanane ! Therefore I feel proud in my heart.
||
Haha hanane! Then Sesaxalas (II 1) followed Hex-hak-in (12), 70|
and they went into the hcuse with the carved posts. Then Sesa-
|
xalas (II 1) was told to sit down on the bear-skin spread on the floor.
Then they broke roasted sockeye-salmon, and Sesaxalas (II
| 1)
ate. Sesaxalas saw the princess of || Hex'hak'in (12) sitting by the 75
I
side of her mother; and after Sesaxalas (II 1) had eaten, he was
|
questioned by Hex'hak'in (I 2): "Let me ask you, O brother!
|
who are you?" Then Sesaxalas said, "I am Sesaxalas (II
| 1). I
I
come from the northern part of our world." Thus he said 80|| to him.
"And who are you?" asked Sesaxalas of Hex'hak'in. Then he said,
|
"I am Hex'hak'in (I 2). I have alwajs lived in the village
| of
Odzalas; and this is my princess Gaaxstalas (II 3), and this is her|
mother Hek'inedzEmga (I 3), and these are my slaves, and| the
speaking-posts of my || house." Thus said Hex'hak'in (I 2) to Sesa- 85
gwE^yime. Wa, lak'as^Em lag'ae Sesax^ilase iak'asEx Odzalase 63
qak'asExs hek'asae g'okiile g'lgama^yasa g'aliisa ^uEmgese, yik'asEx
Hex'hak'ine. Wii, lak'ase Lale'lalaso^kwasa yik'asxEn gTqag'iwa'ye 65
Sesaxalase.
Haha, hanane; xa gwalElak'as^mola mayax"ilas6''kwasEn gaga-
SElasa g'alil bEgwanEmsa lekjwalaLane.
Haha hanane ; hek'as^mes okwas=Em LEmgEmsg'in n&qek'asg'In.
Haha hanane; wa, lak'as-me Scsaxahise liig'ex Hex'hak'ine qa- 70
k'ats Ifi hogweL liik'asxe g^okwe k!ex"k!ailzEkwa. Wii, hlk'asMne
k!wadzolelEme Sesaxalase lak'asxe LEbele L!a^ya. Wii, lak'ase
LEnx^witso^kwasa L!obEkwe niElek'a. Wii, liikas-me L!Exwakase
Sesaxalase. Wii, liik'as-me Sesaxalase doqulak'asEx k' !edeias
Ilex^hakinaxs k!waelk-asae liik'asEx apsalilases abEmpk'ase. Wii, 75
gulk^as-mese gwfdk'as L!Exwe Ses xalasaxs liik-asae wuL!iile Hex'-
hak'inax Sesaxalase: "Wiig'ax'En wiiLakasoL, ^uEmwEyot, sokwas-
^maa angwak^ats?" Wii, lak'ase Sesaxalase =nex"k'asEq: "Nogwa-
k'as Sesaxalasa g'iix^^idElak'asEx gwiibal'sasEns ^nalax," ^nex'k'as
laxaeq. "Wii, angwakast!iis?" 'nex'k'as-laxae Sesaxalasax Hexiia- 80
kine. Wii, liik'ase ^nek'a: "Nogwak'as Hexiiak'ina. He'mEnes
g'okfdak'as laxox Odzillasex. Wii, yokwas^mesEn k'!edelox Gaiix-
stiilaskasex Lokwasox abEinjik'asaxs yik^asxox Hck'incdzEmgax,
yokwas^mesEn q!iiq!Ek'ox, LokwnsEii yaeq!Ent!rilax LCLsimsEn
g'okwasex," ^nek'ase Hex'hak'inax Sesaxalase. Wii, liik'ase Sesa- 85
840 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth ann. 35
86 x^las (II 1). Now, Sesaxalas tried to discover the thoughts of|
Hex'hak'in (I 2), and he wooed his princess. Then Hexhak'in|
told Sesaxalas, the chief, my ancestor, to go ahead (and to marry
|
her), as he had said. Then Sesaxalas (II 1) married her by giving
|
90 him his traveling-canoo. |1 After they were married, Hex'hak'in (I 2)
spoke, and said, "Now, listen to me, son-in-law Sesax&las! You|
I
have come to me so that I might be your father-in-law. Now, these|
speaking-posts of my house shall go to you, and this house has a
j
95 name. It is named Q!aats!e, and this is the name. Now, yourll
name shall be ^walas ^uEmogwis (II 1) ; and also the seal house-|
dish, and the wolf, and the dz5noq!wa, and the beaver, and also
|
two slaves, to take care of your house-dishes, son-in-law! They
|
belong to this house; and all this goes to you, son-in-law, ^walas
|
100 ^nEm5gwis; and also ten sea-otter blankets and twentj^-five mar-|| |
ten blankets and twenty black-bear blankets, which will be the blan-|
kets of your wife, son-in-law, ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1)." Then Hex'-
|
5 hak'in (I 2) sent out some of his slaves to hunt || seals at Dag'idk".|
As soon as they left, Hex'hak'in (I 2) and ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1)|
also started, for now he no longer had the name Sesaxalas. They
|
were going to invite the ^nenelk" !enox", for they were living up the
|
river at the upper eiid of the lake of Gwane^ They had not been
|
86 xalase gwanax naqek-asas Hex-hak1ne. Wii, lak'as-'me g-ayok!wa-
lax k'ledelk'asas. Wa, lak'ase okwas^Em waxe Hex-hakinax Sesa-
xalasexEn g'lqag'iwa^ye qa okwas^mes wag"i lak'asxes waldEme.
"Wil, lak'as^me qadzel^ide Sesaxalasases tlEgiine ^ya^yats!e lak'asEq.
90 Wa, g-ilk'ase^mese gwal qadzcLaxs lakasae yaqlEga^le tlex'ha-
k-ine. Wa, lak'ase ^nek-asa: "Wa, hoLelak'asL g-axEn, nEgump
Sesaxalas; g'axk'as^Em g'ax^aLEla g'axEn qak'asEn nEgwayadaos.
Wa, lak-as-mesEk' lalgin yaeq!Ent!tllagas LeLam g5k" lakasoL-
xg'ada Legadk'asEk- g'okwa. HcEm LegEmk-atsg'e Q!aats!e, wa,
95 hek'as^mese LegEme lak'as'Ems LegadLEs ^walas ^nEmogwise; wii,
hek'as-mesa loqulile megwat; wa, hekas^mesa aLansme L5kwasa
dzonoqiwa Lokwasa tsla^we. Wa, hek'as^mesa ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek'a
qak-as aaxsllaxs loElqiilllaqos, nEgump. Wii, yokwas^'Em ^nami-
^lalotsds g-okwak-asaqos, nEgump ^walas ^uEmogwis. Wit, hek-as-
100 ^mesa lastok" qlasasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya Lokwasg'ada sEkMagalak-
LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEnxHIna^ya Lokwasg'ada maltsokuk" LlEULlEntsEm
^naEnx^iina^ya ; wii, hek'as^Em ^naEnx^iinex'tsg'as gEnEmk^asg'os,
nEgiimp ^walas ^nEmogwis." Wii, lak^as^me ^nex'k'ase Hexhak ine
qak'ats ^yiilaqak'aseses waokwe q!aq!Ek-o qa liis mamegwat!axa
5 megwate lak-asex Dag'ulkwe. Wii, g iikas-'mese tllex-wklExs liika-
sae ogwaqa alex^wide Hexhak'lne Lokwases ^walase ^nEmogwis
qak'asExs lak'as^mae gwiii EegadEs Sesaxiilase. Wii, hik-as^me
lakasL LelElalxe ^nenelk!enoxwe, yikiisExs hiie g'okule ^nenelg-iise
lak'asEx ^uEldzas dzE^lalas Gwane^. Wii, k!esk-ast!e galaxs g'ax-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 841
away long, |1 when ^walas ^nEmogwis arrived at the village of the 10
^nenelk' !enox", whose chief was Ma^nakiila. As soon as they
|
arrived at Odzalas, the slaves also came home bringing fifty
|
|
seals. Then Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave these as a wedding-feast to his
son-in-law ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1), to give them as food to his|
guests, the ^nenelk' !enox". || Then Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave him as a 15
marriage present the name Kwax'ilanokume^ (II 1) as the feast|
name of ^walas ^nEmogwis, for ^wfdas ^nEmogwis (II 1) was to
|
be his potlatch (inviting) name. Then the fifty seals were placed
|
in the four house-dishes, and they were placed before the ^nenelk' fe-|
nox". When away 20|| they had finished, they gave the ten sea-
otter blankets, twenty-five marten blankets, twenty black-bear
| |
blankets, to their guests. Tliis was the first time that property
|
was given away with a feast of seals in house-dislies, and this was the
first time that the Gwa^sEla made a potlatch at the time of a
|
feast.
II
Haha hanane ! Therefore I feel like laughing at what the lower 25
|
chiefs say wlien they try to claim higher rank than what I have—
|
I, who had in the beginning an ancestor who was a chief who gave
away property at a feast.
|
Haha hanane! Now, Gaaxstalas (II 3) had a child, a girl.
|
When the child was four days old, || Hex'hak'in (I 2) asked his wife 30
k'asae sEyogwa^ye ^walas ^uEmogwisaxa ^nenelk'Ienoxwexa g'lgadas 10
Ma^nakula. Wa, g'ilk-as^mese g'ax^aLEla lax Odzalase gaxkasaase
ogwaqa g'Sx^alisa q !aq lEk'owe malaxa sEk' lasgEmg'ustawe me-
gwata. Wa, lak'as^me Ilex'hakine wawalqalas liik'asxes nEgiimp
'walas ^nEmogwis qa hfimg ihlts lak'asxes LelEhiena^yaxa ^nenelk'!e-
noxwe. Wii, lak'as^me LegEmg'ElxLala Hex'hak'inax Kwax'tlano- 15
kuma^ye qa k!weladzEXLayos ^walase ^nEmogwisa qak'asExs LelEla-
yoxLiiyae ^wfdase ^nEmogwisa. Wa, lak'as^me lEx"ts!oyowa sEk' las-
gEmg'ustawe megwat lak'asxe mEwexLa loElqtihta. Wii, hex'^i-
dak'as^mese lak'as k'agEmlT^lEmxe ^nenelk"!enoxwe. Wii, gilk'as-
^mese gwalExs lak'asae yax^wltsa lastowe q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx^une 20
Lokwasa sek'lagala LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEnx^une Lokwasa maltsokwe
LleLlEntsEm ^naEnx^une lak'asxes LelElakwe. Wii, hek'as^Em gil
yaqwiigElilaxes l6x"ts!Ewakwe megwata. Wii, hek^as-Ein g'iilabEiitsa
Gwa^sEla ^max^wid yaqwiigElllak'asxes kiwelekwe.
Haha hanane; xEn lag'ila okwas^Em dedaleqElas waldEmasEn 25
g'igaba^yaxs lak'asae wax'k'as g'ageqaqlaxgin gwalets!e^meg'in
giqag'i^wala ^maxwag'iwala kiwelasag'iwala.
Haha hanane; wii, liik'as^me xiingwadix'^ide Gaiixstalasase ts!a-
ts!adagEme. Wa, g'ilk'as'mese moplEneJa g'iniinEmk'asaxs lak'a-
sae Hex'hak'ine axk' lalaxes gEUEme HekinedzEmga qa^s walqes^i- 30
842 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ANN. 35
31 Hek itiedzEmga (I 3) to give a marriage gift of ten sea-otter|
l)lankcts, thirty marten blankets, and ten black-bear blankets,
| |
and that ^valas ^nEmogwis (II 1) should invite again the ^nenelk' !e-|
nox" on account of the high rank of ^maxulayugwa (III 2) . Then ll
35 Hex'hak'in (I 2) gave this name as a marriage gift to Hvalas ^UEmog-
wis (II 1) for the name of his daughter. As soon as he had finished
I
his speech, Hex'hak'm (I 2) told (this to) ^walas^ nEmogwis ^walas
| |
^uEmogwis (II 1) was very glad. He started at once to invito the
|
40 ^ncnelk' !enox". || He did not stay away long, before he came back,
paddling in his canoe, with his guests, the ^nenelk' !enox"; and
|
^willas ^nEmogwis (II 1) gave away ten sea-otter blankets and|
thirty marten blankets and ten black-bear blankets to the
| |
45 ^nenelk' !enox" ; and then he told about g—iving a high rank || to hisdaughter, who was given two names ^maxiilayugwa (III
| 2),
"this name is given by my father-in-law; and I will give her a
j
name from my side, she shall be called GiindelEmga (III 2)."
|
Thus said ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1). Therefore I am Nimkish on one
|
50 side, on account of m}^ ancestor the chief || who had married among
the Kwakiutl.
|
Ilaha hanane ! Therefore I am known by all the tribes all over this
|
woi'ld, and oidy the chief my ancestor gave away property in a
|
31 desa histowe q!asasgEme ^naEnx^una^ya ; Lokwasa yudux"s6kwe
LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEnx^una^ya ; hek'as^mese. lastowe LlEULlEntsEme
^uaEux-'una^ya qak'ases ct!ed LelElax^^Ide ^walase ^nsmogwisxe
^nenelk!enoxwe qak'as o^mayos ^maxulayugwa. Wa, lak'as^me
35 Hexhak'ine LegEmg'ElxLiilaq lak'asEx -walase ^nEmogwis qakas
LegEms xunokwas. Wa, g'ilk'as^mese gwillkase waldEmkasas
lakasae nele Hex"hak'lnax ^walase ^uEmogwisa. Wii, lak'ase ala
eke naqa^yas ^wfilase ^nEmogwisa. Wit, hex-idk"as^mese lak'as
illex^widk-asa Leltsayokwasas ^walase ^JiEmogwisaxe ^nenelk' !eno-
40 xwe. Wa, k"!esk'ase galaxs g"axk"asae aedaaqa sEyogwa^ya Leltsa-
yaxa ^nenelk' !enoxwe. Wii, lak'ase yax^wide ^wahise ^uEmogwitsa
lastowe q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx'iine^ Lo^kwasa yudux"s6kwe lcle-
gEx"sEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa lastowe LlEnLlEntsEm ^naEnx^une^
lak'asxa ^nen©lk'!enoxwe. Wii, hek'as^'mes la ^neg'atses o^mayo-
45 gwilae qa maltsEme LeLEgEmses tslEdriqlEdza^ye xiinokwa lakasEX
^maxiilayugwa, " yix LegEmg'EbcLii^yasgin nEgiimpEk". Wii, lak'as-
^mesEn ogwaqak'asL Lex^edElts LegEma giig'illl g'axEn. Lak'as^Em-
xaak" Legadfilts GundelEmga," '"nekase ^wiilas ^uEmogwise. Wii,
liek'as^mEn liig'ilk'asa ^nEmxk"!6tEm qasEn g'cqag'iwa^yaxs gag'a-
50 di'iiilae lak-asxaaxo Kwiig'ulk'ase.
Haha hanane; hek'as^mEn liig'llk'asa k'leiis kMes malt!elk'as
laxox S.^wi^stiixsEns ^nalax. Wii, hek'as^mesexs lexak'as^mae gilg'i-
'
iioAsJ FAMILY HISTORIES 843
great feast, and therefore they only try to imitate me. They try
|
to imitate the chief, my grandfather, 1| who is the root of my family. 55|
Haha hanane! And it was not long before ^walas ^iiEinogwis
|
(11 1) had a son. Then Hex'hak in (I 2) gave as a marriage gift|
four sea-otter blankets, ten marten blankets, and seven black-
|
bear blankets, thirty-five mink blankets, and fifty deer-skin 60
II |
blankets. Then ^walas ^nEmogwis (II thanked liis father-in-law.
| 1)
He also gave him a name. Now ^valas ^nEmogwis (II 1) was
|
going to change his name, for he was already a real chief, therefore
|
Hex'hak'in (I 2)wishedhim || to change his name; andnowHex'hak-in 65
(I 2) gave to his son-in-law as a marriage gift the name LaleliiJadze|
(II 1), and a name for the boy. The name ^maxidag"ilis (III| 3)
was for the boy. After this was done, LaleliLladze (II 1) called|
|
the ^nenelk' lenox". When they all came, the chief, || the root of my 70
family, gave away property to the ancestors of the ^nenelk" !enox".
Therefore none of the lower chiefs has done as my ancestor did.
|
|
Haha hanane! Then LaleliLladze (II 1), on his part, gave to his
|
son the name L!alisk'as^o (III 3); and L!aleliL!adze (II 1) gave him
the name Llalisk'as^o (III 3) because he wanted his children |1 to 75|
have names from both sides. Therefore he also gave a name of
|
lax'^idEii g'lqag'iwa^ye yEx"sEmek'asExs LelElae. Wa, yokwas^mos 53
okwas^Eni la hayig'esokwatsa. Wax"k'asex la ha^ylg'exEn g'lgaa-
nayexEn gagasEla. 55
Haha hanane ; wa, k" lesk'ase galaxs lak'asae ^walase ^iiEmogwise
etiedk'as xungwadEx-^'itsa babagume. Wa, hex-idk'as^mese Hex'ha-
kine et!cd walqcs^itse mowe q!asasgEm ^naEnx^une^Lokwasa lastowe
LCLEgEx^'SEm ^naEnx-une^ Lokwasa aLEbowe LlEiiLlEntsEm ^naEn-
x^une^ Lokwasa mam6x"sokulasa sEk" !a matsasgEm ^naEnx^une^ lo- CO
kwasa sEk-ax'sokwe tetEk'IotsEm ^naEnxHIna^ye. Wit, lak'as^me
mole ^walas ^uEmogwisas waldEmases nEgiimp. Wii, hok-as^mesa
LegEine qakasExs lak'as^mae LlayoxLaLe ^walase -nEmogwise qak'a-
sExs lak-as^mae ^lak- !ala g-Igama^ya, lag-Ilk-asas ^nek-e Hex'hak-ine
qa LlayoxLil^yes. Wii, lilk-as'me Ilex-hak-ine LegEmg-ElxLalax La- 65
leliLladze liik'asxes nEgiimpe. Wii, hek'as^mesa LegEme qak'ase
biibagume. Wii, hik-as^mese LegEme ^miixillag ilise qak'asa biiba-
gume. Wii, g-ilk-as-'mese gwillExs lak-asae LfdeliLladze et!ed lcIe-
laxa ^nenelk" lenoxwe. Wii, giixk'as^Emxae -'wi^la plekwa g'iiliisa
^nenelk" !enoxwe liik-asxEn g'lgaamVye, k-!easg-ilk-asas ^nEmiixl- 70
sales LokwasEn g'iqag'iwa^ye lak'asxEn g'igabtVyex.
Haha hanane; wa, hikas^mese LaleliLladze ogwaqa liik-atse Le-
gEme hxk-asxes xunokwe L!alisk-as^o. Wii, liik-as-'me Lex^edEs
L!iilisk'as^6 hik-asEq qak'asExs ^nek'ae LiileliLladze qa gvvalElak'as-
^mese ^uEnix-^ides LeLEgEmk'ase Lokwases gag-adi^liilase; lag'ilk-a- 75
;
844 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann.3s
77 his own to his children. Therefore I am the only one who has
|
many names, because the chief, the root of my family, married in
|
different tribes.
|
80 Haha hanane ! Now he gave away the four sea-otter 11 blankets,
ten marten blankets, seven black-bear blankets, thirty-five mink
| |
blankets, and fifty deer-skin blankets to the ^nenelk' !enox". As
|
soon as ho had finished his potlatch, he told the ^nenelk' !enox"
|
85 that he, 11 ^walas ^nEmogwis (II 1), had changed his name. "You
will call me LaleliLladze (II 1). Now you will caU my prince
|
^maxidag' ilis (III 3), that will be his name from his mother's side;|
|
and his name will be L!alisk'as^6 (III 3) from his father's side."
Thus said LaleliLladze (II 1) to his guests.
| 11
90 Haha hanane! Therefore I am fuU of names and of privileges.
|
And therefore I have many chiefs as ancestors all over the world|
and therefore I feel like laughing at what is said by the lower
J
chiefs, when they claim to belong to the chief, my ancestor.
|
Haha hanane! Now, LaleliL !adze (II 1) had four daughters ll
95 and two sons. The eldest girl was called ^maxulayugwa (III| 2)
|
on her mother's side, and GundelEmga (III 2) on her father's side.
|
The second one was a boy, who was called ^maxiilag'iUs (III 3) on|
76 sas ogwaqa Lex^edEses hEsaq LegEm lak'asxes sasEme. Wa, hek'as-
^mesEn lag'ila lex'ak'as-Em LeLEgEmts!^ l6^ gag'adi^lalasasEn
g'igaana^ye.
Haha hanane; wa, lak'as^me yax-widayokwase mowe q!asasgEm
80 ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa lastowe LeLEgEx^sEm ^naEiix^une^ Lokwasa
aLEbowe L!EnL!EntsEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa mamox"sokulasa
sEk"!a matsasgEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa sEk' !ax"s6kwe tetEk"!6-
tsEm ^naEnx^iine^ lak'asxe ^nenelk' !enoxwe. Wa, gilk"as^mese gwal
k'as yaqwaxs lak'asae nelaxa ^nenelk^ !enoxwaxs lak'as^mae LJayoxLa
85 ^walase ^nEmSgwise. " Wa, lak'as^Emxaas LeqElak'asLEs Laleli-
Lladze g-axEn. Wa, lak^asLEs LeqElaLEs ^maxillag'ilise lak'asxEn
LEWElgama^yex gwek'!ot!Endale LegEme laxes abask'lote. Wa,
lak'ase Legadk^ats Llalisk'as^'o lak'asgin askMotek'," ^nek'ase Laleli-
Lladzaxes LelE^lakwe.
90 Haha hanane; hek'as^mEn lagilk^asa LeLEgEmtslawe, k'lek'lES-
^ots!a. Wa, hek'as^mEn lag'ilk^asas qlenEmk^asEn g"ig'iqaguwa^ye
lax5x a^wi^staxsEns ^nalax, okwas^meg-in dedaleqElas waklEmasEn
g'igaba^yaxs lak'asae goLlalaxEn g'iqag'iwa^ye.
Haha hanane; wa, lakase mokwe ts!edaq!Edza^ye sasEnis Laleli-
95 L!adze. Wa, lak"ase ma^lokwa bebEkliidza^ye sasEms. Hek'as-
^Emxat! ^nolastlEgEma^ya tslEdaqe ^maxulayugwa lak'as LegadEs
lak'asxes abaskMote. Wa, lak-ase Legadk'ats GundelEmga lak-asxes
ask"!ote. Wa, hek'as^mes mak'ilaqe bEgwauEme LegadEs ^maxiila-
g'ilise lak'asxes abaskMote. Wa, lak'ase Legadk'ats Lialisk'as-o
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 846
his mother's side, and L!aUsk'as^6 (III 3) || on his father's side; and 200
the next girl's name was ^max"mEwidzEmga (III 4) on her mother's|
side, and L!ax'L!EledzEmga (III 4) on her father's side. And when|
he had another daughter, her name was Laqulajoigwa (III| 5) on
her mother's side, and l lalilelayugwa (III 5) on her father's side.|
And when they had another || son, his name was ^maxuyaUdze 5
(III 6) on liis mother's side, and l lEldzahs (III 6) on his father's|
I
side. Then they had another daughter; and her name was|
Lax"lEgwedzEmga (III 7) on her mother's side, and l !alL !alElesila-|
yugwa (III 7) (on lier father's side.) Six were the children of Lale-
liLladze (II 1) || by his wife Gaaxtstalas (II 3), the princess of Hex"- 10
hak'in (12). Therefore I have many different names.
|
|
Haha hanane ! Now I shall tell my house history from the
Kwakiutl. It is known by all the.world that LaleliLladze (II 1) was
|
really a great chief, and that he had || children. Now the chief of 15
|
the numayin Loyalaia^wa of the Kwakiutl, Llaqwag'ilagEme^
|
(III 8), asked to marry ^maxulayugwa (III 2), the princess of
I
LaleliLladze. Now ^maxulayugwa was married to l laqwag" ilagEme^
|
(III 8) and first he gave as a marriage gift one hundred and fifty;
I
cedar-bark blankets, || fifty-four dressed elk-skins, and two canoes 20|
to LaleliLladze (II 1); and Hex'hak'in (I 2) received as a marriage
lak'asxes &sk"!5te. Wa, lak'ase tslEdaqa Legadas ^max^mEwidzEm- 200
ga laxes abaskMote. Wa, lak"ase Legats Llax'LlEledzEmga lak'as-
xes ask'lote. Wa, lak-ase et!ed xungwadEx'^Idk-atse ts!Edaqe.
Wa, lak'ase LegadEs Laqulayugwa lak'asxes abask'Iote; wa,
lak'ase Legats l lalilelayugwa lak^asxes ask'Iote. Wa, lak'ase etied
xungwadk'atse bEgwaiiEme. Wa, lak'ase LegadEs ^maxuyalidze 5
lak'asxes abaskMote; wa, lak'ase Legats LlEldzalise lak'asxes
ask'lote. Wa, lak'ase etied xungwadk'atse tslEdaqe. Wa, lak'ase
LegadEs Lax"lEgwedzEmga lak'asxes iibask' !ote. Wa, hik'ase Legats
L!alL!alElesila3aigwa. Wii, qlELlokwox sasEink'asaxs- LalehL!adze
lak'asxes gEUEme Gaaxstalase, yik'asex k'ledelas Hex'hak'ine. 10
Wii, yokwas-niEn ogii^qala LeLEgEmk'asox.
Haha hanane; wii, lak'as^mesEn nEwilMdk'atsEn hlg'ilk'asa Kwa-
g'ula. Wa, lak'as^me qIalEn g'lqag'iwa^ye LiilelLL ladzaxs alakMalae
liik'as g'ig&ma^ya; yik'atsox ii^wFstaxsEns ^nalax. Wa, hek'as^me-
sexs sasEninokwaasa ts!ediic[e. Wii, lak'asa g'igama^yasa ^uE^me- 15
motasa Loj'alala^wasa Kwag'ule, yik'asEx Llaqwag'ilagEma^ye
liik'as g'ayalax ^miixulayugwa, yik'asEx k'ledelas LiileliLladze. Wa,
lak'as lawadEX'^rde -'maxiilayugwiis Llaqwag'ilagEuia^ye. Wa,
hek'as^Em g'tl qadzeLasa k'lobawase SEk'lax'sogflg'Eyowa Lokwasa
q!aq!aL!EX'sokillak'atsa mowe alag'tma; wa, hek'as^mese malts !aqe 20
g'ig-ala lak'asEx LiileliLladze. Wa, hek'as-'me qiidzeLEm liik'asEx
846 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ANN. 35
22 gift for his grand daughter (III 2) fifty cedar-bark bhxnkets and
I |
fifty elk-skins; and LalehLladze (II 1), and his father-in-law
|
25 Hex'hak'in (I 2), added eight sea-otter blankets, || fifty mink blan-
kets, and seventy deer-skin blankets, which were given by LaleliL!-
|
adze (II 1) to LlaqwagilagEme^ (III S). Then he gave back
|
everything that was given as marriage price by Llaqwag'ilagEme^
|
(III 8). And then LaleliLladze (II 1) also gave as marriage
|
present the name ^walas ^nEmogwis to be the name of Llilqwag'i-
30 lagEme^ (III 8); Hand Hex'hak'in (I 2) also gave as a marriage
gift ten sea-otter blankets, one hundred deer-skin blankets, fifty
1 |
marten blankets, and ten bear blankets, and the name G'ayos-
| |
dedzas (III 8), which was to be the name of l laqwag" ilagEme^ (III 8).
35 Now, L laqwag' ilagEme^ (III 8) no longer bore that name that heII
had been using before. They gave him as a marriage gift the name
|
G'ayosdedzas (III 8), which he obtained from the grandfather (12)|
of his wife ^maxiilayugwa (III 2) ; and LaleliiJadze (II 1) had given|
as a marriage gift the name ^walas ^nsmogwis to Llaqwag'ilagEme^.
|
40 Now, after this I shall call him G'ayosdedzas (III 8). || As soon as
they had finished, the ancestors of the numaym Loyalala^wa went
|
aboard their four canoes, and also ^maxulayugwa (III 2) and her
|
marriage gifts, and they went back to their liome at Qalogwis.
|
22 Hexdiak'lne qak'ases ts!ox"LEmagasa sEkMax'sokwe k^ISbawas Lokwa-
sa sEkMax'sokwe alaguma. Wa, okwas-'mese LaleiiL!adze Lokwase
uEgiimp Hex'hak'ine ginwak'atse malgunale q!asasgEme ^naEnx^Qne^
25 Lokwasa sEk' !ax'sokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa aLEbox"so-
kwe tetEkMotsEm ^naEnx-une^ layas LfdehiJadze lak'asEx Llaqwa-
gilagEma-'ye. Wa, lak'as^Emxae okwas-Em ^wi^la aedaaqak'asa
qadzeLEmk'asas L!aqwag'ilagEme. Wa, lak'as-Emxae LegEmg'ilxLa-
^yas LrdeliLladzilx ^wahise ^nEniogwisa, qa LegEm L!aqwag"ilagE-
30 ma^ye. Wa, lak'ase Hex'hak'ine ogwaqa wawalqalasa lastowe
q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa lakMEnde tetEk'IotsEm ^naEn-
x-iine^' Lokwasa SEk' !ax"sok" LeLEgEx"sEm -'naEnx^une^ Lokwasa
lastowe L!EnL!EntsEm ^naEnx-ime^. Wa, hek'as^mesa LegEme
G'ayosdedzasc qak'as LegEms Llaqwag'ilagEma^ye; wil, lak'as^rae
35 gwalk'as Legadkase L!aqwag'ilagEma^yases LegEmk'asde, qak'asExs
lakas^mae LegEmg'ElxLa^j^e G'ayosdedzase lak'asExs g'ayanEmk'ats
lak'asEx gagEmpases gEuEme ^maxulayugwa. Wa, lak'ase LegEm-
gElxLfdak'ase LalehLladzax Hvrdase ^uEmogwise lak'asEx Llaciwa-
g'ilagEma^ye. Wil, Ifik'as^mesEn LeqElak'asLEs G'ayosdedzase lak'a-
40 sEq. Wa, g'ilk'as'mese gwalk'asa qadzeLti.xs lak'asae hogiixseda
g'ala ^uE^memotk'atsa Loyalala^wa hlk'asxes mots!aqe ^yae^yats!e
Lokwase ^maxulayugwa Lokwaseda wawaiqiilayo qak'ats lak'ase
BOAS] FAMFLY HISTORIES 847
And then «^walas '^nEinogwis (III 8) gave away what he had received 44|
as a marriage gift from LalehLladze (II 1). ||
Now, LfdeUiJadze (II 1) knew that there was a trihe living at 45
Sagumbahi— a tribe that was named Naklwaxda^x"—who had for
|
their chief, TslEx^ed (II 4); and he had a princess, TslExtslE-|
&gedzEmga (III 9): and LalehiJadze (II 1) wished to go to get her|
in marriage for his prince ^maxuhxg ihs (III 3). Then LalehLladze|
(II 1) hired liis mimayin, || the ancestors of the G'exsEm of the 50
Nimkish; and my ancestor, the chief, LaleliLladze (II 1), loaded his|
canoe with five" sea-otter blankets, ten black-bear blankets, forty|
marten blankets, eighty deer-skin blankets; and, when they were
| |
aU aboard, he started. Then he arrived at Sagumbala, and at 55||
once he was invited by Chief TslEx'ed (II 4). They ate seal; and
| |
after they had eaten seal, Ts'.Ex^ed questioned his visitor, and said,
|
"Now, tell me, where do you come from? Wlio are you, brother?"
|
And LalehLladze (II 1) replied at once, and said, "I am LalehLla- 60II |
dze (II 1), who marries all around our world, brother." And then|
LaleliLladze (II 1) questioned Ts!Ex^ed (II 4); and he said, "Now,|
let me also ask you, O brother! who are you, brother?" And|
TslEx^ed (II 4) replied, and said, "It is great what you ask me. 65II |
na^nak" lak'asxes g'okiilase Qalogwise. Wa, lak'as-me ^max^wid- 43
k'ase ^walase ^nEmogwisas wawalqiilayos LaleliL!adzaq.
Wa, lak'ase LalehLladze q!alaxa gokula lelqwalaLe^ lak'asEx 45
Sagumbalaxa lEgiixLalax Nak!wax"da^xwexa g'Igadas Ts!Ex^ede.
Wa, lak-ase kMecladss Ts!Exts!EgedzEmga. Wa, lak'as'^mese Laleh-
Lladze ^nex'k" as qa^'s le gagak'laq qak'ases LEWElgEma^ye ^maxiila-
g'ilise. Wa, lak'as-me helak'ase LaleliLladzaxes g'okidotexa g"ala
^iiE^memotsa G'exsEmasa ^iiEingese. Wa, lak'as^niEn giqag'iwa'ye 50
LalehLladze moxsak"atsa sEkMa qlasasgEme ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa
lastowe LlEnLlEiitsEm ^naEnx^ttne- Lokwasa mox"s6kwe LCLEgEx"-
SEm ^naEnx^iine^ hek'as^mesa malgunrdtsokwe tetEkMotsEm 'iiaEn-
x^tine^. Wa, gilk'as^mese ^wllxsaxs lak'asae LEx^ida. Wa, lak'a-
se lag-aa lak'asEx Sagumbala. Wa, hex'^Idk'as^mese Lale^lalaso- 55
kwatsa g'lgama^ye TslEx^ede. Wa, lak"as-me LlExwaxe megwate.
Wa, gilk'as^mese gwalk'as qlEsaxe megwataxs lak'asae wtiLe
TslEx^edaxes bagiinse. Wii, hlk'ase ^nek'a: "Wa, wilg'ik'asla gwas-
'idEx. Wii, sSkwas^maa tvngwas ^iiEmwEyot ?" Wil, hex'^idk'as-
^mese LalehLladze na^naxmek"asEq. Wa, lak'ase ^nek'a: "Nogwak'as 60
LaleliLladza gag'adi^liila laxox a^wI^staxsEns ^nalax, 'iiEinwEyot."
Wa, lak'ase ogwaqa wulc LalcliLladziix TslEx^ede. Wa, lak'as-
^Einxae ^nek'a: "Wa, weg'ax'ln ogwaqa wuloI, ^nEmwEyot. Wii,
sokwas^maa angwas, ^uEinwEyot ?" Wa, hex^Idk'as-mese TslEx^ede
na-'nax^mek'asEq. Wii, liik'ase ^nek'a. "Alak'as^mas wuLa g'iixEn. 65
848 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
66 Don't you know that I think I am the only one famous in the world,
|
I and my princess, Ts lEXts lEgedzEmga (III 9) ? I am Ts lEx^ed (II
|
4) , head chief of the Nak !wax-da^x".'' Thus said the chief. Then| |
70 uxleliLladze (II 1) said, "O brother! I am || YaqalEnlis, I am
Anx^wid, I am Sesaxalas, and also Sewid ; I am ^walas ^nEmogwis,
|
and I am Kwax'ilanokume, and I am LaleliLladze. These are my
|
I
names wliich I obtained as marriage gifts when I married the
|
75 daughters of the chiefs of the tribes wherever I || went. Now I come
to get your name, chief. I wish to get your princess, TslExtslE-
|
gedzEUiga (III 9), brother, for my prince ^miixulag ilis (III 3)."
j |
TslEx^ed (II 4) at once agreed to what LaleliLladze (II 1) said; and
|
80 LaleliLladze (11 1) gave as marriage gift five sea-otter blankets,l!
ten black-bear skin blankets, forty marten blankets, and eighty
|
|
deer-skin blankets to TslEx^ed (II 4) for his princess Ts!Exts!E-
gedzEmga (III 9). As soon as he had finished, TslEx^ed (II 4) said, I
|
"Now your wife shall go to you, son-in-law, ^maxiilag'ilis (III 3). II
85 Now your name shall be XosEmdaas (III 3), and my great dance
|
shall go to you. You shall be cannibal-dancer, and your name shall
be ^nax"danadze; and the rich-woman dance shall go to you, and
i
her name shall be G ilgEmaxes; and the fire dance, and his name
| |
shall be K'lilxEla; and the attendant of the cannibal-dancer, his ||
66 KMesk'asas q!alaxg1n lex'ax-st!aax"^meg'In tslelwalag'ilis LokwasEn
k'!edclk"asox Ts!Exts!EgedzEmgax. Wa, nogwak'as Ts!Ex^eda Laxu-
mesEn gokiilota Nak!wax'da^xwe," -'nek'asa g-igama^'ye. Wit, hex'-
^idk'as^mese LaleliLladze ^nek'a: "^yak'asoL ^nEmwEyot; nogwa-
70 k'as^Em YaqalEulisa, nogwak'as^Em Anx^wlda, nogwak'as^Em Sesaxa-
lasa Lokwase Sewide. Nogwak-as^Em ^willas ^nemogwisa; wii, no-
gwak'as^Em Kwaxilanokuma^ya. Wa, nogwak'as^Eni LaleliLladzii.
Wa,'y6kwas''mEn LeLEgEmk-asox. Wii, yokwas-Em LeLEgEmg'ElxLe-
SEU gag-adi^lahise lakasxox g-ig-igamak'asaxsa lelqwtllaLa^yin lala-
75 lask-asa. Wa, g-axk'as-mesEu laioLlaxs LegEmaqos, gigtlme^
Lak'as^meg'in gagakMaxs k'ledelaqds, ^uEmwEyot lak'asxox Ts!ex-
ts!EgedzEmgax, qak"asg-m LEwElgEmek' ylk'asg'a ^maxidagllisEk-."
Wii, hex'^Idk'as^mese daeLEme wfddEmk-asas LiileliLladziis Ts!ex-
^edc. Wa, lak'as^me qadzeHdk'ase LtileliLladziisa sEk"!a q!asasgEm
80 naEnx^iine' Lokwasa lastowe LlEULlEntsEm ^naEnxHlne^ Lokwasa
mox"s5kwe LeLEgEx"sEm ^naEnx^iine^ Lokwasa malguniiltsokwe
tetEkMotsEm -'naEnx^fine^ lak'asEx Ts!Ex^ede qaes k'!edele Ts!ex-
tslEgedzEniga. Wii, g'il^mese gwalExs lak'asaase TslEx^ede ^nek'a:
"Lilk'as'Emk' liik-asLg-Es gEuEmk-asg'os, uEgiimp ^miixulag-IHs.
85 Wii, liik'as^Em LegadLEs XosEmdaase. Wa lak'as-'mesEk' lalgln
^wfdasEk- liid liiL. LaEms hiimatsIak'asLol. Wa, laLEs LegadLEs
^nax"danadze. Wii, hek'as-mesa qlaminagase lak'asLe Legadk'asLEs
G-ilgEmaxese. V\'^ii, hek-as-niesa nonltse^stalale, wa, hek'as^Em
LegEmse K- !ilxEla. Wii, hek-as-mesa k'SuqalaLEla, wii, hek-as^Em
EOAsl FAMILY HISTORIES 849
name shall be Helik'imeg'ilis; antl also this carved box, which 90
|
contains all the red cedar-bark that belongs to the great dances;
and one hundred mountain-goat blankets, nine grizzljT-bear blan-
I |
kets, twenty-four lynx blankets, and fifty dressed elk-skin blankets^
|
and sixty mats. That is all, son-in-law, XosEindaas (III 3). 95
II
Now, you shall see this night, how I show the cannibal-dancer
|
I
that you obtained and the others, that you may not make a mis-
take when you show them." Thus said Chief Ts!Ex-ed (II 4) to
I
XosEindaas. "And also this house, which is named K'!awats!e,
|
it shall be yours, || son-in-law; and these house-dishes, —the 300|
grizzly-bear dish, the wolf dish, and the eagle dish, and the
i
double-headed serpent dish, — and also the great feast name.
|
Now you shall be named Kwax'se^stala, and LaleliLladze (11 1)
|
shall have the name Yacjoklwalag'ilis to add to the chief's names."
|
Thus said || TslEx^ed (II 4). Then he finished with this. 5
|
Haha hanane! These are the names that come from the other
end of my ancestor the chief; and therefore I feel like laughing at
I
what the lower chiefs say, for they try in vain to down me by
|
talking against my name.
| ||
Haha hanane! Therefore there is notliing to make me ashamed; 10
for 1 only feel proud of what has been done by the chiefs, my
I
LegEmse Helikimeg'ilise. • Wa, hek'as^mesa k'!awats!e g-ildasaxg"a 90
giytmts!Ewasg"asg"a L!aL!EgEkwalas6xs ^walasex lelada. Wa, he-
^k'as^mesa hik" lEnde ^me^niElxLcsgEm ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa -na^nEma
g'lg'ilasgEm ^naEux-une^ Lokwasa liEmogala ^walasx'asgEm ^naEiix-
to
^iine^. Wii, hekas sEk"!axsokwe lilagimsgEm ^naEiix^iine^ Lokwas-
g'ada q!EL!EX"sokuk' leEl^wa^ya. Wii, nEgumpXosEmdaas. Lak'as- 95
^Ems doqwalalxwa ganoLex cjEn ^niEn^elesoxs lak'asaqos laLaiiEma
hamats!a Lokwasos waokwex qalfats k' leseLos melmeLElila qak'atso
nel^idamasLEq"," ^nek'asa g-Igama-'yeTslEx^edaxXosEmdaase. "Wa,
yokwas-niesa g"okwexwa Legadaxs K"!awats!e. Lak"as-mox qosL,
nEgiimp. Wa, yokwas^mcsa l5Elqulilcxwa g ilax loqiillla Eokwasa 300
aLanEnie loqullla Lokwasa kwekwe loqfilila Lokwasa sIsEyilLe loqtilila.
Wii, hek'as^mesa klweladzEXLii^yo LegEma. Wii, liik'as^Ems Legad-
LEs Kwaxse'stala. Wii, lilk'as-mesox Legadk'asLox LiileliLladzax.
Yaqoklwiilagllise qa g'inwesox LCLEgEmaxsa g'igama^yex," ^nek'ase
TslEx^ede. Wii, liik'as-me gwiil liik'asxeq. 5
Haha hanane; hek'as^Em LcLEgEmEu g'agiLEla liik^asxEn qwesba-
llsaxEn g'lqag'iwa^ye; ag-ilk-as^'mEn dedaleqElas waldEmasEu g'lga-
ba^yaxs wulk'as'mae aek'!agEwa qatses bebEk!wena^ye liik'asxEn •
LegEm.
Haha hanane; k-!easg"ilEnxEnL!egEm wawosilqElayokwasa okwas- 10
^meg'in LEmlEmq!eqElas gwegwiilagilldzasasEn g'iqag'iwa^yaxs gwa-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 5
,
850 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii.ann. 35
12 ancestors, for in the beginning they were taken care of by the
|
chiefs of the tribes. Tlierefore my heart feels proud.
|
|
Haha hanane! When night came, XosEmdaas (III 3) disap-
15 peared, || for now I shall no longer call him ^maxiilag'ihs; and his
|
sister ^max'mEwidzEmga (III 4), and Laqula3'iig\va (III 5), and|
also ^maxuyalidze (III 6), disappeared. They stayed in the woods
for four months. Then the cannibal-dancer was captured by the
I
ancestors of the Nak!waxda-x", and also the rich-woman-dancer,
|
20 the fire-dancer, || and tlie attendant of the cannibal-dancer. Now,
TslEx^ed (II 4) gave as a marriage gift two slaves as food for the|
cannibal-dancer and the rich-woman-danccr. And the two slaves
|
were killed to be eaten. And as soon as the cannibal-dancer and the
|
|
rich-woman-thxncer had finished eating their food, then they put a
25 black-bear blanket || on the cannibal-chmcer. And they dressed in
the same way the rich-woman-dancer ; and they put around their
|
necks tliick cedar-bark rings; and they put on a thick head-
|
ring, wliich is called Wintcr-Dance-Bringing-Cedar-Bark. The red
|
cedar-bark of the rich-woman-dancer was not so thick as the thick-
ness of the red cedar-bark of the cannibal-dancer. He had a
I
30 double-headed mask: || in front it was the crooked-nose mask, and
in the back a raven-mask. And the treasure of the rich-woman-
|
dancer was a large rattle. The red cedar-bark of the other two, the
|
fire-dancer and the I attendant of the cannibal-dancer, was tliin.
12 lElak'as^mae mamayax'silf sokwatsa g"alag'Ig'Egamek'atsa lelqw^la-
La^ye. Yokwas^Em &Em LEmgEmsgin naqek*.
Haha hanane; wii, lak'as^'mes ganol'Ida lak'asaase x'is^ede
15 XosEmdaas, qalfasgins la-mek" gwaik^as LeqElas ^maxiilag ilise.
Wii, lak"ase xis'^ede wiiqlwase ^max'mEwidzEmga Lokwase Laqiila-
yugwa Lokwase. ^maxuyalidze. Wii, okwas-mese mosgEmg^llaxa
^mEkula g'lyak'Elaxs liik'asai? kimyasokwasa hamatsliisa g'aliisa
Naklwax'da^xwe Lokwasa q !aniinagase Lokwasa nonltse-'stiilale. Wii
20 hek'as-mesa k'inqalaLEla. Wii, liik'as^me TslEx^ede wiiwalqiilasa
ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek"6 qa ha^miisa hamats!a Lokwase q!aminagase.
Wa, liik-as-me k"!elax"^itsE^weda ma^lokwe q!riq!Ek'owa qa^s le hUm-
g'Flayo. Wii, g'ilk'as^mese gwiilk'as ha-mapa hamats!a Lokwasa
qiaminagaxes ha^ma^ye lak'asae ^nEx^undayoweda Llaye ^nEx^une^
25 liik'asxa hamatsla. Wii, hek'as^Emxaiiwise gwex'sa ^uEx^undayaxa
qliiniinagasc. Wii, liik'ase qEnxoyowa LEkwt? LliigEk" LE^wa LEkwe
qExlme LlagEkwa. Wii, hek'as-Em LegadEs k'losEnxawe L!iigEkwe.
Wii, hiilsElak'as^mese wawilale LliigEkwasa qiaminagase lak'asEx
LlagEkwasa hiimats!a. Wii, liik'ase '^wax'sgEme hiimslwa'yas. Wii,
30 hek'as^ma gEloqwiwa^ye apsgEms. Wii, lak'ase gwaxwiwa^ya apsgE-
nias. Wii, liik'ase ^wiilas yadEne L5gwek'asase q!ammagase. Wii,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 851
And they had now the names given as a marriage gift by TslEx^ed 33
(114).
I
Haha hanane ! This was the first winter dance of my tribe || the 35
Gwa^sEla, on account of my ancestor, the chief, who married the
daughters of the chiefs all over the world. Now, TslEx^ed (II
| 4)
became sick; and before he died he asked his son-in-law, XosEm-
| |
daas (III 3), to take his place; and when he stopped speaking, he|
died. Now, XosEmdaas (III 3) took his place; and he remained 40
II
among the Nak !wax' da^x". Now his name was Ts '.Ex^ed (III 3) , and|
he was considered as a chief by the ancestors of the Naklwax'da^x".
I
Now, Yaqoklwalag'ihs (II 1), —for I stop calling him LaleliLladze
now—Ibecause he received as a marriage gift the name Yaqok !wala-
g"ilis,—wished || to go and see the regions to the north, and he lef 45
beliind his prince, TslEx^ed (III 3).
j
|
Now, he arrived at GweqElis at his own place, and he built a
|
house there; and with him were his other children,—^max'mE-
|
widzEmga (III 4) ; Laqulayugwa (III 5) ; || and also his youngest 50
prince, ^maxuyalidze (III 6); and also Lax"lEgwedzEmga (III 7),
|
the youngest one of his children; and also his wife Gaaxstalas
|
(II 3), the princess of Hexhakin (I 2). .That was their number.
|
Now Yaqoklwalag'ihs (II 1) staid at GweqElis.
|
lak"ase wiswiile l !eL lagEkwasa ma^l5kwexa nonltse^stalale Lokwasa 32
k"lnqalaLEla. Wa,lak"as^me LCLEgadESLeLegEmg'ElxLa^ya TslEx^ede.
Haha, hanane; yokwas-Em g'ilk'as ts!ets!ex^IdaatsEn g'okiilota
Gwa'sEla qak'asEn g'lqag'iwa^yaxs lak'asae gag'adi^lala lak^asxox 35
g"ig"igama^yaxs6x awe-staxsEus ^nalax. Wa, lak'ase tslEx'qlEX"-
^Ideda glgama^ye Ts!Ex^ede. Wa, k' !esk"as^mese wuylms'alilExs
lak'asae ^nex'k'asxes uEgiimpe lak'asEx XosEmdaase cja hek'as^mes
i.ax"st5dEq. Wa, gilk'as^mese qlweHdExs lak'asae ^wtiylms^alila.
Wa, lak-as'me XosEmdaase Lax"stodEq. Wa, lak-as^me xEkMa laxe 40
Naklwax'da^xwe. Wii, lak'ase LegadEs TslEx^ede. Wa, lak'as^me
g-ag-exsllasokwatsa g'ala Naklwax'da^xwa. Wa, lak'as^me Yaqo-
klwalagilise, qaxg'in la^mek' gwal LecjElaLEs LaleliLladze lak'asqexs
lE^mae LegEmg'ElxLa^ye Yaqok Iwalagilise lac[. Wa lak'as^me ^nex"
qas lak'ase dodEguLexwa gwa^nak'alax. Wa, lakas^me lowaLak'asEx 45
Ts!Ex-edexes LawElgEma^ye.
Wa, lak'as^me lag'aa lak'asEx GweqElise hik'asxes awinagwise.
Wa, lak'as^me g"okwela qak'ats g"ok" lak'asEq cjaxs hek'as^mae
waokwes sasEme ytk'asEx ^maxmEwidzEmga Lokwase Laqfdayugwa
Lokwases ama^ye LawElgEma'ye ^maxuyalidze Lokwase Lax"lEgwe- 50
dzEmgaxa ama^ylnxa^yas sasEmas. Wii, hek'as^mesLes gEnEme
Gaaxstalase ylk'asEx k"!edelas IIex"hakine. Wa, hek'as'Em ^waxa-
atse. Wa, lak^as^me xEk'le Yaqok Iwalag'ilise lak'asEx GweqElise.
852 ETHNOLOCiY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. as
Yaqoklwalag'ilis (II 1) had not lived there long, before he died; ||
55 and then his youngest prince, ^niaxuyalidze (III 6) took the place, |
of his father, the past chief, '^maxuyalidze (III 6) had not hvcd
long in the village at GweqElis, before a canoe came paddling, and|
I
stopped at the beach of the house of ^maxuyahdze (III 6) ; and then
|
^maxilyalidze (III 6) went to meet his visitors, and called them.
60 And the many children of the man went into the house of ^maxu-II
yalidze (III 6). Then he gave them roasted sockeye-sahnon, to-|
|
gether Avith seal-blubber. After they had eaten, the visitor spoke,|
and said, "Let me ask you, brother! who are you?" Yaqoklwa-|
(35 lag'ilis (III 6) rephed at once, and said, "I am Yaqoklwalag'ilis,|| |
prince of the great chief Yaqoklwalag'ilis (for from now on
|
fmaxuyaUdze had the name Yaqoklwalag'ilis), O brother! My
|
mother is Gaaxstalas (II 3), the princess of Chief Hex'hak'in (1 2)|
70 of the Nimkish." Thus he said. "The first name of my father||
was YaqalEnlis, when he first came to live at GweqElis." Thus|
said Yaqoklwalag'ilis (III 6) to the man.|
|
And now Yaqoklwalag'ilis also questioned the man, and said,|
75 "And who are you, brother?" Immediately rephed, and|| the man
said, "1 am Anx^vid (III 1) on the side of my mother, SeuLlegas
|
Wa, k'lesk'ase gala g'okiile Yaqoklwalag'ilisaxs lak'asae wiiylms-
55 ^Ida. Wa, lak'ase ama^ye i.awElgEmese ^maxiiyalidze hek-as^Em
Lax"stodxes g'igamex'de ompa. Wa, k'lesk'ase alaEm galak'as g'6-
kiilak'ase ^maxiiyalidze lak'asEx GweqElisax g-axk'asaasa seycVna-
kula qa^s g'axk-ase liangEmlisax g'okwas ^maxuyahdze. Wil, hlk-ase
lalale ^maxuyalidzaxes bagiinse qak'ats Lale^laleq. Wa, g'axk-ase
00 hogweLElak'asa qleuEmassasEm bEgwauEm lak'asEx g'okwas ^ma.xu-
yalidze. Wa,lak-ase LlEx'wilag'ilaxa L!obEkwe mElek'a masak'atse
xudziise megwata. Wa, g^ilk'as-mese gwalk'as LlExwaxs lak'asae
yaq!Eg'^aleda bagunse bEgwiiuEma. Wa, lak'ase ^nek'a: "Weg-ax'ln
wuLol ^uEmwEyot. angwas?" Wa, hex'^idk-as^mese na^naxma^ye
85 Yaqok!walag'ilisaq. Wa, lak'ase ^nek'a: "Nogwak'as Yiiqok'.wfda-
gilisa LawulgEmesa ^walasda g'igama^ye Yiiqoklwalag'ilisda
(qaxs hik'as^mae gwalk'as Legade Yaqoklwalag'ilisas ^maxuyalidze),
nEuiwEyot. Wa, lak'asEn itbayatsox Gaaxstalasex k'ledelaxsa
g'lgama^yae Hex'haktnasa ^nsmgese," ^nek'aseq. "Wii, lak'asLal
70 he g'il LegEmsEn ompk-asdiie YaqalEulise lak-asExs g'illae g-axk-as
gokula lak'asxox GweqElIs^ex," ^nek'ase Yaqoklwalag'llisaxa bE-
gwauEnie.
Wa, lak'ase ogwaqa Yaqoklwalag'Uisa wQLaxa bEgwauEme. Wa,
lak'ase ^nek'a: "Wa, angwak-ast!as, ^nEmwEyot!" Wa, hex-^id-
75 k-as-mesa bEgwauEme na^naxmeq. Wa, lak'ase ^nek'a: "Nogwak'as
Anx^wida gwek'!6t!Endala lak'asxEn abask'Iote SEULlegase. Wa,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIKS 853
(II 2) and my name is Sesaxalas on the side of; my father, Yaqa-I
IehUs, in my village Padzo. YaqalEnUs (II 1) left me his
I
name YaqalEnlis when he went away
| from us, and went to a place
where he knew || people lived at Odzalas; and I know that he mar- SO
ried the princess of Hex'hak'in (I 2), Gaaxstalas| (II 3)." Thus
said Anx^wid (III 1) to Yaqok!walag-ilis (III
| 6). Gaaxstalas
(II 3) spoke at once, and said, " Welcome, O child
| ! Now you have
seen your brother, for he talked about your
| father, child Anx^vid
(III 1), who has also || the name Sesaxalas. This is ^maxuyalidze 85
(III 6); he is next to the youngest." Then Anx^wld (III| 1) said,
"These are my children— three girls, and the eldest
| one a boy.
|
His name is HaxuyosEme^ (IV 1), a name given in marriage by
|
Hawilkiilal (II 5), chief of the numaym G'exsEm oi the Qlomoya-
^ye!" And Anx^wld (III 1) hadII been given in marriage the name 90
Amaxulal (III 1), and he had no longer the name Anx^wld,| and we
have to call him after this Amaxulal. Then
| Yaqoklwalag'ilis
(HI 6) said that he would go with his elder brother
| Amaxulal
(III 1) when he should go home to Padzo. But Amaxulal (III
| 1)
said, "No, it is gootl, for || wc are now head chiefs of the tribes. I 95
|
shall be head chief of the SeuLlEm of the Kwag'ul; and my
| prince
HaxuyosEme^ (IV 1), of the numaym G'exsEm of the Q!omoyiVye.
|
And ^maxQlfxyugwa (HI 2) has for her husbanil LlilqwagilagEme^
|
lak'asEn SesaxalasLa laxEn ask'!ote ylk'asxEn ompe YaqalEnlise 77
lak'asxEn g'okulase Padzawa. Wa, okwas-mese Leqosases LegEme
YaqalEnlise gaxk'asEnLaxs lak'asae banox" qa-'s lakas laxes q!ala
g'okfllak-as lax Odzalase. Wa, lak'asEn q!alaqexs lak'asae gEg'a- 80
dEs kMedelas Hex'hak'lne, hik'asEx Gaaxstalase," ^nek'ase Anx^wi-
dax Yaqoklwalag'ilise. Wii, hex-ldk"as-mese Gaaxstalase ^nek'asa:
"Wa, gelak'as^la xunok" lak'as-Ems dox^waLElaxox ^uEmwEyot,
gwagwex's^alak'as^me asda laL, xiinok" Anx'wid Lokwases ^uEmox"
LegEme Sesaxalase. Wii, yokwas-Em mTikilaxwa ama^yinxa-yox 85
'maxuyalidzex." Wii, liik'ase ^nek"e Anx-wldiiq: "Yokwas^meginsii-
sEmk'asox yudukwex tslEdiixsii Lokwasa ^uEmokwex ^n6last!EgEme
bEgwiinEma hlk^asox LcgadEs HiixuyosEma^ye LegEmg-ElxLes Ha-
wllkulal, ylk'asEx g'lgama^yasa ^ne-memotasa G'exsEmasa Q!omo-
yS,^ye. Wii, lak'asox LegEmg^ElxLiilasox Anx^'wldiixs Amiixiilale. 90
Wii, lilk-as-mosox gwal Legadkats Anx^wide lak'as-mesEns LeqEla-
LES Amiixulale laq. Wa, liik'ase Yiiqok!wiilag-ilis8 ^nek'as qa^s
lalag'i liisgEmexes ^nole Araiixulaie qo liik'asL nii^nak" hlknsEx
Padzawe. Wii, Lak'ase k'!es ^nek'e Amaxulale: "Ex-k'as-maases
laenek'asEns ^ntixwak^as-Em la Laxumeg'Ig'Egamek'atsa leElqwiilaLa- 95
^yex. Wii, nogwak'as^maa lak'asMuEn Lilxumesa SeuLlEmasa Kwiio"u-
le. Wit, Irdfasox Liixuma'yin LiiwElgilma^yexox HiixuyosEma'^yaxsii
-nE^memotasa G"exsEmasa Qlomoya^ye. Wii, lak'ase hVwade ^miixu-
854 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 36
(III 8), the head chief ot the Loyalala^wa, the miniaym of the ||
400 Kwag'ul; aud ^maxiijag; ills (III 3) has for his wife the princess of
Chief Ts!Ex«ed (11 4) of the Naklwax'da^x". And our father
|
I
(II 1) had for his wife the princess of Hex'hak'in (I 2), the head chief
of the numaym G'exsEm of the Nimkish, cur stepmother, (jaax-
|
stalas (II 3). I say this because you stand at the head of the
I
5 Gwa^sEla. |1 Now look for a wife, O brother! from the region to the
|
north of us; and if you do so, we shall l)o the only chiefs of the
|
tribes." Thus said Amaxiilal (111 1) to his younger brother
|
YaqokhvaJag'ilis (III 6). Immediately the mother of Yaqoklwa-
lag'ilis (III 6), that is, Gaaxstaias (II 3), said "Let us try to get a|
10 wife, Hawilkulal (III 1 ?) || and also your prince, for Yiiqoklwalag'ilis
(III 6). What you say is good, child Hawilkiilal, that all of you may
I
be renowned chiefs of the first people among the following gene-
|
rations, O children!" Thus said Chieftainess Gaaxstaias (II 3) to
I
HawLlkillal (III 1 O-
|
15 Hahahanane! Therefore 1 am now at the head || of all these
tribes, and therefore I feel proud of my names which came from the
|
other side of the chief, my ancestor, when he married all over the
|
world.
I
Hahahanane! Now Hawilkiilal (III 1?) asked Y;iqok!walag'ilis
(III 6) to get ready to go and marry the princess (III 10) of l !aqwa-
I
layugwas Liaqwag'ilagEma^ye Laxuma^yasa Loyalala^wa ^nE^memotsa
400 Kwag'ule. Wii, lak-ase gEg'ade -maxulag"ilisas kMedelasa g'iga-
ma^ye Ts!Ex^edaxa Nak!wax'da^xwe. Wa, lak'ase gEg-adsns
ompdiisox k'!edelaxs Hex"hak'inexa Laxuma^yasa ^uE^memotasa
G'cxsEmasa ^uEmgese lak'asxox abadzawaciEnux" Gaaxstalasex.
Wii, hek^as^mesEn lag'ila ^nek'e lak'as'maaqos LaxumeltsaGwa^'SElax.
5 Wiig'a aEm dociwala qa^s gEUEuios, ^uEmwEyot lak'asxo gwii-
nak"ahix; wii, qaso hi?} gwex'^JdELe hik'as-mesEus lex'aEm g'lg'E-
gameltsa leElqwtilaLa^yax," ^nek'ase Amaxiilalaxes ts!ii^ye Yaqo-
k!wiilag"ilise. Wii, liex'^idk'as^mese iibEmpsa Yiiqok!walag"llise
yikasEx Gaiixstalase, ^nek'a: "Weg'ax'ins giigak'!a Hfiwllkfdal
^0 Lokwases LawElgama^yex qak'asox Yiiqok!wiilagiUsex. Ex"k'as^maa-
ses waldEmaqos xtinok" Hawilkuhxi qa^s ^nilxwa^meLos tsielwalat
g"Ig"Egamesa g'alit bEgwiinEm liik'asxa Tdk'asLa bebEgwabolisaLol
sasEm," ^nek'ase o^ma Gailxstalasax Hawllkulale.
Haha hanane; wa yokwasEm lag-ilk"asaEn k'leas k' !es Liixuma-
5 ^yaas liixwa ^riaxwilx leElqwiilaLa^yaxEn iikwasgllniEii yiihiq !eqElasEn
1
LCLEgEmdzex giiguLEla lak^asxEn qwesbahse gig'iqag'iwexs helaxae
lak'asxes gilg'adi^lfilae^na^ye.
Haha hanane ; wii, lilk'as^me Hawilkiilale ilxk' ifdax Yiiqok' Iwalagi-
lise qa xwanal-ldes qa^s liiiag'I gfigak^Iax k" !edelas LJaciwag'ila yi-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 855
g-ila (II 6), II chief of the NoxuntslidEx", of Rivers Inlet. Now, 20|
they learned that the name of the princess of Llaqwag'ila (II 6) was
Alag' imil (III 10). At once they made ready, and started to go to
| |
Rivers Inlet; and when they arrived there, they were invited in
|
by Chief Llaqwag'ila (IT 6). Now, Amaxulal (III 1) saw the 25"||
sacred room of the cannibal-dancer at the right-hand side, inside
|
the door of the large house; and when they were seated, Amaxidal
|
(III 1) and his children, and his younger brother Yiiqoklwalag'ilis
(III 6), were given crabapples to eat; but, before they began to
I
eat, they took one spoonful of crabapples which || were the first to
I 30
be given to the cannibal-dancer, who was seated in his sacred room.
|
As soon as those came back who had gone to give to eat to him first,
|
they said, "Now K!wak'iyils has eaten. Let the visitors whc
|
came to you, Llaqwag'ila (II 6), begin to eat!" Then Aniaxulal
(III 1), and his younger brother Yaqok!walag'ilis (III 6), and his
I
crew, ate. After they had eaten, Amaxulal (III
II 1) spoke, and he 35|
asked for the princess of Llaqwag'ila (II 6), Alak' ilayugwa (III| 10),
in marriage. Llaqwag'ila (II 6) told him at once to go ahead, and
|
do quickly what he said. Now he gave as a marriage gift ten
|
black-bear blankets, four marten blankets, || twenty-five dressed 40
elk-skin blankets, four lynx blankets, and eleven marmot blankets.
|
|
That is the number that was given in marriage by Yaqoklwalag'ilis
k'asEx g'lgama^yasa Noxflnts!idExwasa Awik'Ienoxwe. Wii, lilk'as- 20
-me q!fdak'asqexs Legadae k'!edelas Llaqwag'ilas Alag'imile. Wa,
hex'^Idk'as^mese xwanaPida. Wii, lak'as^me alex^wida qak'ats
hikase lax Wanukwe. Wa, g'ilk'as^mese lag'aaxs liik'asae Lale^la-
lasokwatsa g'igama^ye Llaqwag'ila. Wa, lak'as'me Amaxulal dox-
^waLElaxa mawilasox hamatsia axel lak'asEx helk' lotstalilasa awl- 25
LElas tlEX'ilasa ^walase g"5kwa. Wa, g'ilk'as-raese ^wFla kliis'fdlie
Amaxulal Lokwases sasEme L5kwases tsla^ye Yaqoklwalag'ilise
lak'asae LlExwiiayowa tsElxwe. Wii, k' lesk'as^mese hamx'^idqexs
lak'asae tseyak'ilelEma -uEmexLa k'iitslEnaq tsElxwa. Wii, lak'as^me
g'llqlEsamatsowa hiimatsla klwatslalil hik'asxa lEraelatsle. Wii, 30
g'ilk'as^mese giixk'as aedaaqak'asa g'ag'ilq JEtsIla bEgwiinEmxs lak'a-
sae ^nek'asa: "Liik'as^mox hamx'^idox Klwiik'iyilsex. Weg'ax'ox
ha^mx'^idos bagiinsaqos, Lliiqwag'il." Wii, hex'^idk'as^mese Ama-
xidale Lokwases tslii^yak'ase Yiiqok Iwalag'ilise Lokwases leElote
hiVmx'^ida. Wii, g'ilk'as-mese gwfdk'asExs liik'asae yaq.'Eg'a^e 35
Amaxiilal. Wii, liik'as-Em giigak'lax k'ledelas Lliiqwagila liik'asEx
Ahik'ilayugwa. Wii, hex'^idk'as^mese Llaqwag'ila wiixaq qa weg'Is
S,Em hali^liilaxes wiildEme. Wii, liik'as^me qiidzil^itsa lastowe lIeu-
LlEutsEme ^naEnx^iine^ Lokwasa mowe LeLEgEx"sEme^ ^naEnx^iine^
Lokwasa sEk' lagiila eElag'ime ^naEnx^une^ Lokwasa mowe ^wiilasx'as- 40
gEme ^naEnx^iine^ Lokwasa ^uEmsig'iyowe kwekux"dFsgEme ^naEn-
x^une^. Wii, hek'as^Em ^wiixaats c|adzeLEm;;s Yiiqok Iwiilag'ilise
856 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Tktii. anx. 35
(III 6) to Cliief L laqwag'ila (II 6) for his princess Alag'iinll (III 10).
I |
45 As soon as he finished, Chief h !aq\vagiha (II 6) also spoke, .and said,II
"O son-in-law, Yaqoklwahig'ilis (III 6), come to your wife. Now
|
your name shall be l laqwag'ila (III 6). And I shall also give you
|
this copper, which has the name Moon; and these two slaves, a man
|
50 and a woman; and this great winter dance, |1 the cannibal-dance,|
and the name of the dancer Klwii^staak", and his red cedar-bark;
|
and also the dance of the attendant of the cannibal, and his name
|
Wawiyakila; and also the dance of the grizzly bear of the door of
the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, with whistles, and
I
his name K'ilEmalag'ilis; and also the begging-dance, and its
|
55 name Q!weq!wasElal;|| and the carved pole with cedar-bark on top
of it and with cedar-bark around the neck. That is Cannibal-at-
|
I
Nortli-End-of-World sitting on top of it, and under it is the raven.
|
That is Ilaven-at-the-north-end-of-the-world, and under it the
|
60 grizzly bear. That is || Grizzly-bear-at-the-door-of-the-house-of-Can-
nibal-at-North-End-of-World, and under it the wolf. He is the
|
scent-taker at the door of the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
|
World. And on the heail of the man on top of the pole sits the
|
eagle. He is the watchman of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-Worid,
|
43 lakasxa g-IgSma^ye L laqwag'ila qak'ases k'ledele Alaglmlle. Wa,
gilk'as^mese gvvaJExs lak'asae ogwaqa yacjlEg^a^leda g'igama^ye L!a-
45 qwag"ila. Wii, lakase ^neka: "Gelag'a UEgump, Yaqok!walag"ilis
iak^asxg'as gEuEmg'os. Lakas-Ems LegadElts Llaqwagila lak'as-
'"Emxaak" lalg'ada Llaqwak' LegadEs Nosa^ye Lokwasgada ma^lo-
kiik' qIaqlEk'owa bsgwanEmk'asg'a ^nEmokuk; wii, lak'asEk'
ts!Edrixk'asg"a ^nEmokuk'. Wii, hek'as-mesg"ada HvillasEk' liidax-
50 g'ada hiimatsla. Hek'as^Em LegEmse K Iwii^staakwe Lokwase
LliiLlEgEkida. Wii, hek'as'mosa k'inqahxi.Ela. Hekas^Em LegEmse
Wiiwiyiiklla. Wii, hek'as^mesa ^nawalagwade uEnstahlas t!EX'iliis
g"6kwas Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye. Wii, hek'as^Em LegEmse KilEmii-
lag'ilise. Wii, hek'as^mcsa q!weq!wasElale. Hck'as-Em LegEmse
55 Q!weq!wasElale. Wii, hek-as'mesa ts!ax"sa-'ye khvaxtiilaxa lIu-
gEkumfiliixa LliigEkwe. Wa, hlk'ase LliigEkluxiilaxa LEkwe
LlagEkwa. Ilek'as^Em Bax"bakwrdanux"siwa^3'a klwaxtii^ye. Wii,
hekas'lnesa mak iliici gwa^wlna. Wii, hekas-Em Gwiix"gwaxwala-
nux"slwa^ye. Wa, lak'ase nane ba^neLEliis. Wii, hek-as^Emxat!
60 nEiistalilts tlExiliis g'okwas Bax"bakwiilanux"siwa-ye. Wii, hek'as-
^mese aLauEme ba^ncLElas. Wii, hek-as° Eni memtslEstalilts g'o-
kwas Bax^bakwalanuxNIwa^ye. Wii, hek-as^mesa kwekwe klwax-
tEwex x"oms:isa bEgwanEino luxa oxtsVyasa ts!ax"sa^ye. Wii,
hek'as-Em dadoq IwalElgits Bax"bakwiilanux"slwa^3'ax seyaklwe-
I'OAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 857
who looks out for moat |1 for his food. That is tho. cannibal-pole. G5
|
You shall show it wliencver you give a winter dance, O son-in-law
(III 6) ! That is all that I have to say about this," said iJaqwag'ila
I
(II 6) to him. iJfuiwag'ila (III 6) (for now his name is no longer
I
|
Yiiqok Iwalag'ilis) staid only one night, and, together with his lirother
Amaxulal (III 1), || he went home with his wife Alag'imll (III 10) to 70
GweqElis; and Amaxulal (III 1) staid there with his
| prince only
four days. Then he went home to Padzo, together with his
| mother
|
K' liimaxalas (II 2), who before had had the name SenLlegas.
|
Haha hanane ! I am not at all ashamed of the chiefs my ancestors,
who married || among the chiefs aU around our world. This was 75
|
not done by the ancestors of the lower chiefs, but my ancestors the
chiefs did. And who approaches what was done by the
| chiefs my
|
ancestors?
|
Haha hanane ! Now I shall talk about the eldest son |1 of the
cliildren of my ancestor my chief HaxQyosEme^ (IV 1), the eldest 80|
one of the children of Amaxtilat (III 1) and of his wife K' lex'k'
| !e-
lag'idzEmga (III 11), the princess of Hawilkulal (II 5), head chief of
the great tribe Q lomoya^ye, of the numaym G"exsEm. Now,
I
|
HaxuyosEme^ (IV 1) married the princess of Wanuk" (III 12), ||
LelElayugwa (IV 2), chief of the numaym G'igllgam of the ^walas 85
Kwag'ul, who lived at Q!abe^, and they had a son (V 1). I
I Tlicn
mase qak-ats ha^mc¥ya. Wa, hek-as^Em hamspleq ts!ax"sa^ye. Wa, 65
lak-as^Ems nel^edamasLEq qak-atsd yawix'iiaLo, nEgump. Wit
iak'as^Em ^wi^lEn waldEmk'ase laxeq," ^nek'ase L!aqwag-ilamot!aq.
Wa, okwas^mese xa^mase iJaqwag-ila, qaxs itlk-as-'mae gwal Lega-
dEs Yaqoklwalagilise, Lokwases ^nEmwEyotc Amaxultilaxs c-fix-
k'asae na^nak" Lokwascs gEnEme Alagimlle lak'asEx GweqElise. 70
Wii, okwas^niese mop!En.xwats!Ese Amaxfdale Lokwases LawEl-
gEma^yaxs g-axk'asae nii-'nakwa lak'asEx Padzawe Lokwases abEnipe
K" liimaxalasexa Legadolas SenL!egase.
Ilaha hanane; k'!cask'asae odzaxaatsEn g'Hjagiwa^yaxs gag'adi-
Malae laxox glgEgilma^yaxsox awFstiixsEns ^nalax. Yokwas^Em 75
wtiyoLanEmsEn g'lgaba^yex qa^s guqag'iwa^yEn nosk'asex g'iqawi-
wa'^ya, qa angwak-ases ex-alalaxa qa^s laLex gwegwalagllldzasasEn
g'lqag'iwa^ya.
Haha hanane; wii, lak^as^meg-ln g'ig'ilgEmdalak'asLEx ^ne^nolast !e-
gEmalilas sasEm^nakiilasEn g'lqagiwa^ye HiixiiyosEma^ye. Wii, lil- gO
k'as^Era ^n5last!EgEmes sfisEmas Arailxulale LE^wis gEUEme K'!ex-
k- lElag'IdzEmga, ylk-asEx k-ledelasHawIlkulaiexamagEmek-ase g'l-
gamesa ^wiilatsEmaxa Qlomoya^yexa ^nE^memotasa GcxsEnie. Wii
lak'as^me gEg'adEx'^rde HiixiiyosEma^yas kMedelas Wanukwe, ylk'a-
9Ex LclElayugwa, gugftma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Gigllgamasa Valase 85
Kwilg'ula-xs g'oktilae liik-asEx Qlaba^ye. Wii, hik'ase xfln^wadE-
858 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
88 Chief Wanuk" (III 12) gave him a name, and he gave to liis grand-
|
son the name Leh.elEleg' e^ (V 1). Now, he grew up; and that
|
90 Leh^elEleg' e^ || married the princess of ^maxwa (IV 3) of the numaym
|
G'lg'ilg&m of the Naklwax'da^x", Hamdzid (V 2). They were not
married a long time, when they had a son; and ^maxwa (IV
| 3)
|
gave Mm a name, and he named him ^maxidag"jhs (VI 1). Now,|
95 -maxulag'ilis (VI 1) married tiie princess of K' !ade (V 3), || Hamisk'i-
nis (VI 2), the daughter of the chief of the numaym G' exsEm of the
|
I, !aL lasiqwahi ; and before long they had a sou (VII 1), and Cliief
|
K' !ade (V 3) gave him a name, and he named him Q!5mk'mis|
(VII 1). And then Qlomk'inis (VII 1) married the princess of
I
500 ^maxwa (VI 3) , Mfiled (VII 2) . || He was the head chief of the numaym
TEniltEmlEls of the Mamalelcqala. They had not been married
I
long before they had a son; and Chief ^niaxwa (VI 3) named him,
|
|
he named his grandson MEiiledzas (VIII 1 ) and MEnledzas grew; |
5 up. He married the princess of the chief of the numaym LelEwag'i-II
la of the DzawadEenox", Yak'ayugwa (VIII 2), the princess of
I
K' !ade (VII 3). And they had not been married a long time
|
before they had a son; and K' !ade (VII 3) gave a name to his|
grandson, and named him Q !omx" ilag' ills (IX 1); and when
| ||
87 x"^ItsabEgwanEme. Wa, lak'ase hek'asa g'lgama^ye Wanukwe Leqela
qak'as LegEms. Wit, lak^ase Lex^edEs LelLelEleg'a^ye lak'asxes
ts!ox"LEma. Wit, lak'ase q!wax-'ida. Wa, lak'ase LelLelEleg'ay^e
90 gEg'adEX'^Its k'!edelas ^maxwasa Nak!wax'da^x"asa ^uE^memotasa
G'igilgam, yik'asEx Hamdzide. Wa, k"!esk"ase gala hayasEk"alaxs
lakasae xuugwadExiltsa bEgwauEme. Wii, hek'as^Emxae ^maxwa
Leqela qak'as LegEms. Wii, lak'as^'me Lex-'ets ^maxulag'Ilise laka-
sEq. Wa, lak"ase gEg'adEx'^ide ^maxulag'ilisas k^ledelas KMade,
95 yik'asEx Hamiskinisexa xunokwas g-Igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa
G'exsEmasa L!aL!asiqwala. Wii, kMesk'ase giilaxs liik'asae xungwa-
dEX'^Itsa bEgwtinEme. Wa, lak'asa gugSma^ye K'!ade Leqela
qak'as LegEms. Wii, liik'ase Lex^ets Q!6mk'iuise liik^asEq. Wii,
liik'ase Q!omk'inise gEg\adEx'-Its kMedelas ^maxwa lak'asEx MElede.
500 Wii, hEk'as^Em xamagEuie g'lgame^sa ^nE^memotasa TEuiltEmlEl-
sasa Mamaleleqilla. Wii, k" !esk'ase giila hayasEk^alaxs lak'asae
xungwadEX'^itsa bEgwiiuEme. Wa, hek'as^mesa g'igama^ye ^miixwa
Leqela qak"as LegEms. Wii, lak'as'me Lex^ets MEuledzase liik-as-
xes ts!ox"LEma. Wii, lak"ase qlwax^ide MEnlcdzasc lak"asae
5 gagakMax kMedelas g'igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa LelEwag'iliisa Dzii-
wadEenoxwe, yik"asEx Yak^ayugwa, kMedelas K'!ade. Wa, k"!es-
k'ase giila hayasEk'alaxs liik"asae xilngwadEx'^itsa bEgwiinEme.
Wii, lak'ase K'!iide hekas'Eni Leqelak'as qa LegEmscs ts!ox"LEma.
Wii, lak-as-me Lex^ets Q!6mx11ag'ilise lak-asEq. Wii, g'ilk'as-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 859
Qlomx'tlag'ilis grew up, he married the princess of KIwamaxalas 10
|
(VIII 3). Now, her name was ^nEm5gwilFlak" (IX 2). And they
had not been married a long time, when they had a son (XI); and
|
then the chief of the numaym G" exsEm of the Haxwamis— |that is,
|
KIwamaxalas (VIII 3)—said that he would give a name to his ||
grandson (XI), and he called him K !wamaxElas5gwi^lak". Now, 15
|
K !wamaxElasogwi^lak" (X 1) married the princess of Qlomoqa
|
(IX 3), Qlex'Lalaga (X 2). And they had not been mari'ied long,
|
before they had a son (XI 1); and then the chief of the ancestors
|
of the numaym G'Igaana of the Gwawaenox"—that is Qlomoqa 20
||
(IX 3)—said that he would give a name to his grandson, and he
|
named him Q!6m6x"s^ala (XI 1). And then Q !5m6x"s*^ala mar-|
ried Le^lenox" (XI 2), the princess of K' logwik' eladze (X 3), the
head chief of the numaym SIseul !e^ of the Lawets !es, and they had
|
|
a son (XII 1). Now, Chief K' !ogwik' eladze (X 3) was known to be ||
savage. And he gave him a name, and he named his grandson 25
|
K' logwik' elagEme^ (XII 1). They were living in the village of the
|
ancestors of the Lawets !es; ALa^Emala. Now, K' logwlk' elagEmee
|
married the princess of Yax'LEn (XI 3), Ts lalalllanaga (Xtl| 2).
He was the head chief of the numaym || of the TEmitEmlEls of the 30
Nak Iwax'da^x". They had not been married long, when they had a
|
^mese qlwax^ede Qlomx'llagilise lak'asae gEg'adEX'^its kMedelas 10
K'.wamaxalase lak^asEx ^nEmogwilPlakwe. Wii, kMesk'ase gala
hayasEk'alaxs lak'asae xiingwadEX'^idk"atse bEgwanEme. Wii, lii-
k'ase g'igfima^yasa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEmasa Haxwamise, yik"asEx
Klwamaxalase ^nek' qa^s hek'as-me Leqela qak'as LegEmses ts!ox"-
LEma. Wit, lak'as^me Lex^ets KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe liik'asEq. 15
Wii, Ifik'ase gEg'adEX'^Ide K!wamaxElas6gwi^lakwasa kMedelas Qlo-
moqa, ylk-asEX Qlexxalaga. Wa, k'es^Emxaawise gala hayasEk"a^
laxs lak'asae xiingwadEx'^Itsa bEgwanEme. Wii, liik'asa g'lga-
ma^yasa g'ala ^nE^memotsa G'IgaamVyasa Gwawaenoxwe, yik'asEx
Q!omoqa, ^nek' qak'as he'me Leqela qak'as LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. 20
Wii, liik'as''me Lex^ets Q!omoxs^ala. Wii, lak'ase Q!om6x"s^ala
gEg'adEX'^Its Le^lenoxwe k"!edelas K'!6gwlk'eladze xamiigEma^ye
g'Igamesa ^nE^memotasa SisEnL la^yasa Liiwetslese. Wii, Lak'ase
xungwadEX'^itsa bEgwanEme. Wii, lak'ase hek'as^ma tslelwalola
lawis g'igama^ye K'!ogwik'eladze. Hek'as-Em Lecjela cja LegEms. 25
Wii, liik'as^me Lex^ets K'logwik'elagEma^ye lak'asxes ts!ox"LEnia,
yik'asExs hek'asae g'okiile g'fdiisa Liiwets!cse ALagEmala. Wii,
liik'ase gEg'adEX'^Ide K'logwik'elagEma^yas k'ledelas Yiix'LEne,
ylk'asEx Ts lalalllanaga, ylk'asxa xamagEma^ye g'Igamesa ^nE^me-
motasa TEmltEmlEJsasa Niiklwax'da^xwe. Wii, k'les^Emxaiiwise 30
giila hayasEk'alaxs liik'asae xungwadEX'^itsa bEgwanEme. Wa,
860 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. fj
32 son (XIII 1). Then Yax'LEn gave a name to his grandson, and he|
I
called him Helamas. Then Helamas (XIII 1) grew up, and he|
35 married the princess (XIII 2) of the chief of the ancestors of thell
Wlk!unx'da^x", Wlgwllha Wak'as (XII 3), who had as his princess |
LEyahig ilayugwa (XIII 2) . They had not been married long, before |
they had a son (XIV 1) ; and then Cliicf Wigwilba Wak-as (XII 3)|
said that he would give a name .to his grandson, and he gave the|
name Q!aed (XIV 1) to his grandson. ||
40 Hahahanane! All those whom I named invited the tribes; and|
all gave great feasts; and almost aU of them gave winter dances,|
which were given to them in marriage by the fathers of their
|
wives, my ancestors, the chiefs. Haha hanane !|
Now I shall stop wailing.
||
1 Now' I have finished about Helamas (XIII 1), who married
LEyalag" ilayugwa (XIII 2), the princess of Wigwilba Wak'as|
(XII 3). Now I shall talk about his prince Q!aed (XIV 1). Hela-
|
mas (XIII 1) brought in his canoe one hundred dressed skin|
5 blankets, fom- slaves, also four large canoes, and a copper namedll |
Sea-Lion. AU this was given as a marriage gift by Chief Wigwilba|
Wak'as (XII 3) to Helamas (XIII 1), and also the cannibal-dance,
|
32 lak'ase hek'as^me YaxLEne Leqela qak'as LegEmses ts!5x"LEma.
Wa, hlkas'me Lex-ets Helamase lak'asxes ts!6x"LEma. Wa, lak'ase
qlwax'ede Helamase, lak-asae gEg-adEX'^its k'ledelasa g'Jgama^'asa
g-aliisa Wik!unx'da^xwe lak'asEx VN'^igwIlba Wak'as, yik'asExs k'!e-,35
dadaas LEyalag'ilayugwa. Wii, k'lesk'ase gala hayasEk'alaxs lak-a-
sae xtingwadEx-'Itsa bEgwaiiEnie. Wa, lak-asa g-Igama-"ye Wigwilba
Wak'ase ^nek' qa^s hek'ase Leqela qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa,
lak-as^me Lex^ets QIaede lak'asxes tsIdx^LEma.
40 Haha hanane; ^naxwak'as-mox LelElax'idEii LCLEqElasokwasex.
Wii, lak'asox ^naxwaEmxat! k!welas-'eda. Wii, halsElaEmxaiiwisox
k' !es ^naxwaEm yawlx'^Ida yika'ts wawalqiilayas wiwompas gEgE-
iiEmasEU g'lg'iqagiwa^ye. Haha hanane.
Wii, la^me qlwel^Id q!wasa.
Wii,' laEmLEn gwal lax Helamase lae gEg'adEs LEyiilag'ilayugwa,1
ylx k'!edelas Wigwilba Wiik'ase. Wii,het!aLEn gwiigwex's-'iilasLe
LawulgEma-'yase QIaede. Wii, giix^me malaLa^ye Ilelamasaxa hi-
k'lEnde eElag'imsgEm ^naEnx^une^ LE^wa mokwe q!aq!Ek'owa; wii
he-mesa motslaqe awa xwiixwilkluna; wii, lieEm^liiwisa Lliiqwa lc-
gadEs mawak'!a. Wii, heEm-El wawalqiilayosa g'igama-ye Wigwil-
ba Wiik'asax Helamase. Wii, he-'Em^lawisa hamatsla LoMaeda
1 The following part of the family history was not told as a wail, but in ordinary language.
BOAS I FAMILY HISTORIES 861
the rich-woman dauct-, the attendant of the cannibal, and the frog
war-dance, and also the names of the four dancers. The || name of 10
|
the cannibal-dancer was XdqumoLElag ilisk'as^o Bax"bakwalamix"-
siwe^, and the name of the rich-woman-dancer was G'ilqlESElag'i-
I
lis, and the name of the attendant of the cannibal-dancer was
I
Helik ilak'as^o, and the name of the frog-war-dancer was Togilmalis.
|
Now, Helamas (XIII 1) had a son; and Wigwilba Wak'as (XII 3)|
named his grandson, and he gave him the name Q!aed (XIV|| 1). 15
As soon as Wigwilba Wak'as (XII 3), chief of the ancestors of the
|
I
Wiklunx'^da^x" of the BellabcUa, had spoken, Helamas (XIII 1)
started in his canoe, LEyalag'ilayugwa (XIII 2) being placed in the
|
canoe by his father-in-law. Then he went to Qalogwis, for that is
|
the place where the Kwag'ul lived. As soon as he arrived, || his prince 20
Q !aed (XIV 1), and his uncle M§,^nakula, and his two aunts Hama-|
lak'ilalEmega and X'lxEmg'ilayugwa, disappeared. Now, Helamas
\
gave a winter dance to his tribe, the ancestors of the Kwag'ul. For
|
four months Q!aed (XIV 1) staid away. Then he was caught. Then|
he was given to eat one of the slaves || as he entered the winter-dance 25
house; and Helamas (XIII 1) gave away one hundred dressed elk-j
skin blankets, three slaves, and four large canoes, to his tribe, the
|
ancestors of the Kwag'ul; and he broke his copper Sea-Lion for|
q!§,minagas Lo-laeda k'lnqalaLEla; wa, he^mesa wuqlase olala; §
wii, he^mesa LeLEgEmasa moxwidala leleda. Wji, heEm^El lS-
gEmsa hanuits!e XoqumcLElag'ilisk'as^o Bax^bakwalanujCsIwe^ 10
Wil, hcEm^lawis LegErcsa cjlaminagase Gilq!ESElagIlise. Wii,
heEm^lawis LegEmsa kincjalaLEle Helik'ilak'as^a; wa, hEEm^lawis
LegEmsa wuq!;ise olale Togiimalise. Vv^a, hiJEm^lawise Helamasaxs
lamaa^ xiingwatse babagume. Wii, la^lae Vv'^igwiiba Wiik'ase Leqela
qa LegEmses ts!6x"LEma. Wa, la^lae Lex^ets Q!aede. Wii, g'iPEni- 15
^lawise gwale wiildEmas Wigwilba Wiik'ascxa g'lg&ma^yasa g'iilasa
Wik!unx'da^xwasa Heldzaqwe g'axa^lase Lex^ede Helamase k!wax-
salaso^ses nEgiimpe LEyalag'ilayugwa. Wii, la^lae liix Qalogwise
qaxs hemaa^l g'okiilatsa Kwiig'ule. Wii, la^lae lag-aaxs hie hex'^i-
daEm x'is'ede LawElgEma^yase QIaede l5 q!ule'ye Ma^nakfda LE^wes 20
ma^lokwe eSnese HamalakilalEmega Lo^lae X'ixEmg'ilayugwa
Wii laEm^lae yiiwix^Ele Helamase qaes g'okulota g'aliisa Kwag-ula.
Wii, lii^lae mdsgEmgilaxa ^niEkula g'iyakile Q!aediixs lae klin^ya-
SE^wa. Wa, laEm^lae h&mg'ilayuweda ^nEmokwe q !ak"o lilqexs g'axae
laeL liix yawix'Ilats!e g'okwa. Wii, laEm^lae yax^wide Helamasasa 25
liik'lEnde eElag'EmsgEme ^uaEnx^iine^ Lo^laeda yfidukwe q!aq!Ek-6;
wa, heEm^lawisa motslaqe awS,xwaxwak!una laxes g'okulota g'alasa
Kwag-ule. Wii, lii^lae qlEltaxa Llac^wa yl^lax MawakMa qa g'Ig&-
862 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth.ann. as
30 the cliicf of the iiumaym Maanitagila, Odze^stalis. Now, 1| he was
I
made ashamed by the report of what Heiamas (XIII 1) had done in
the winter dance; and Odze^stalis bewitched Hehinias, who died.
|
|
Then Q!aed (XIV 1), the pi'ince of Heiamas (XIII l),said that he
was going to put the cannibal-dance of the chief, his father, into
I
his burial-box. Therefore they stopped using the cannibal-dance,
| ||
35 and the rich-woman dance, and the attendant of the camiibal. He
kept the frog war-dance. After this they did not dance the camiibal-
|
dance.
|
Then Q!aed (XIV 1) said that he wanted to many the princess of
|
Llaqwag'ila (XIII 3), chief of the numaym G'ig'ilgam of the
Gwa^sEla, HiimeLas (XIV 2), the princess of Llaqwag'ila (XIII 3).|
40 Then Q!aed (XIV 1) asked the ancestors of the || Kwagul to go and
woo HameLas (XIV 2). They got ready at once, and they went in
|
four large wooing-canoes. After one day they arrived at GweqElis,|
the village in which tlip. Gwa^sEla lived. Immediately Q!aed
I
(XIV 1) was married to HameLas (XIV 2), the princess of Llaqwa-|
45 g'ila (XIII 3). After they were |1 married, L!aqwagila (XIII 3) gave
as a marriage gift one hundred mountain-goat skin blankets, fifty
|
dressed elk-skin blankets, twenty-four black-bear blankets, six|
lynx blankets, and his name Llaqwag'ila. He gave it to Q!aed
|
I
50 (XIV 1), and now Q !aed had the name l lacpvagila (XIV 1). |1 There-
fore I shall not call him after this Q!aed, I shall only name him|
ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa MaS.mtag"ile Odze^stalise. Wa, laEm^lae
30 odzEgEmyowe g^vex-idaasas Helamasaxs yawix'ilae. Wa, laEm^ae
dadaalats Odze^stalise cjas ex^etsE^we. Wa, laEm^lae lE^la.
Wii, la^lae ^nek'e Q!aede, yix LawElgEmex'diis Helamasde qa
la^mes latslawes hiimats!aenex"de laxes g'igamex'de ompa. Wa,
heEm^lawis lag'ilasox x'Eyoyoiisaatsa hamats!a Lo^lae cj!ci,mina,gase
35 Lo^lae k'inqalaLEla. Wa, la'lae axelaxa wQq!ase olala. Wit, laEm-
^lae k-!eas la hamats!a laxeq.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'e QIaede qa^s gEg'adag'exes q!aia k'!edelts Lla-
qwag'ila g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa G'lg'ilgamasa Gwa^sEla. Ha-
meLasLa'^lae k'ledetas Llaqwag'ila. Wii, la^lae QIaede helaxa g'iiliisa
40 Kwag'ule qa les qadzeLa lilx HameLase. Wii, liex'^idaEm^lawise xwii-
nal-ida. Wii, la^lae motslaqe qadzeLatsias &wk xwaxwiikliina.
Wa, helillaEm^lriwisexs lae lag'aa lax GweqElise qaxs hex'sii^mae
g'okule g'iiliisa Gwa^sEla. Wii, hex'^idaEm'liiwise qadzel^ida liix
HameLase yixa k'ledelas Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g'tl^Em^liiwise gwala
45 qadzeLiixs laaEl wawiilqiile Llaqwag'iliisa hlk'lEnde ^niElxLosgEme
^naEnx^iina^ya Lo^lae sEk'lax'sokwe eElag'husgEm ^naEiix^una^ya
Lo^lae hamogala LleLlasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya Lo^lae qlELla ^walasxiis-
gEm ^naEux^iina^ya. Wii, lieEmMawises LegEme Llaqwag'ila. Wii,
laEm-lae liis lax QIaede. Wii, laEm Legade QIaediis Lliitjwag'ihi.
50 Wii, lag'ilEns laEm gwal LeqElas QIaede laq; lex'aEmi^wisEns lill
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 863
L!aqwag"ila (XIV 1). Then the former Llaqwag'ila (XIII 3) gave 51|
his seat to his son-in-law, for he had no son to take his place: his
|
only daughter was his princess HameLas (XIV 2). Then h laqwag'ila
|
(XIV 1) remembered what had been done by the chief of the II
Maamtag'ila, Odze^stalis, when he killed his father Helamas (XIII 1) . 55
|
Therefore he told his crew, the ancestors of the Kwag'ul, that he
|
would give away the marriage gift of his father-in-law,—the one hun-
dred mountain-goat blankets, fifty dressed elk-skin and twenty-
| |
four black-bear blankets, and the six lynx || blankets. As soon as 60
he had given them away, he said, "O Kwag'ul! now I have given
|
away this marriage gift, (given by) the chief my father-in-law for
|
you, to my own tribe, tlie Gwa^sEla, among whom my own fore-
|
fathers began with the first chief in the beginning, Yac^alEnlis
|
(II 1), who gave to this country the name GweqElis; and|i now I go 65
home, O Kwag'ul! for am I not ashamed of what has been done to
|
the chief, my father, Helamas (XIII 1), by the chief who is named|
Odze^stalis? Now, go home! and I shall stay here with my wife,
|
HameLas (XIV 2)." Thus said L!aqwag'ila (XIV 1) to his tribe
|
the Kwag'ul; and the Kwag'ul started at once || and went home, and 70
left L!aqwag'ila behind.
|
LeqElayolqe L laqwag'ila. Wa, la^lae L!aqwag'ilamot!a laxaases 51
k!wa^ye laxes nEgumpe qaxs k'leasae bEgwanEm xiinox^s c(a
Lax"stode.q, qaxs lex'a^mae xunox^wltses k'iedele HanieLase. Wii,
la^lae L!aqwag'ila g'lg-aex^edEx gwex"idaasas g"Igama^yasa Maamta-
g'ila, yix Odze^stalise ylxs lae lE^lamasEX ompdase Helamase. Wa, 55
heEm^lawis lag'ilas ^nek'a laxes k!wemexa g'alasa Kwag'ula lae
yax^wltsa wawalqalayuwases nEgumpa lakMEnde ^niElxLosgEme
^naEnx^una-ya LE^wa sEk" !ax'sokwe eElag'imsgEm ^naEnx^una^ya
LE^wa hamogala L!eL!asgEm' ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa qJELla ^walas-
x^asgEm ^naEiix^una^ya. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise gwal yaqwaxs laalas 60
^nek'a: " ^ya, Kwag^uI, wa, la^niEn yax^'witsox wawalqalayoxsg'in
g'igamek' nEgiimp laL g-ayocja laxginlak' g'okulota laxg'a Gwa^sE-
lak' ylxg'a qElxohi6x"g'asEn wiwompwidaxEn g'ilg'alisa g'iqagi-
wa^ye YaqalEnliswula, yixa Leqelola qa LegEmsa awlnagwisex
laxox GweqElisex. Wa, g'ax^mEn na^nakwa, Kwag-ul, es-'maeLEn 65
hamax'ts!ax'saa qa gwex'^idaasaxEn g'Igamex'da ompe Helamasda,
yisa Legwadii g"Igama^ye Odze^stalisa. Wa, hag'a nii^nakux. La^mes-
LEn yox^silEml lox Logun gEUEink' yixga HamcLasEk'," ^nex^^lae
Llaqwag'iliixa Kwag'ule. Wii, la^Iae hex'^ida^ma Kwag-ule alex^wida
qa^s g'axe na^nakwa. Wa, laEm lowaLax L!aqwag"ila. 70
' At all other places LlEnLlENtsEm.
864 ETHNOLOGY QV THE KWAKIUTL Ieto.ann. ?5
71 Then iJaqwag'ila (XIV 1) had a son (XV 1); and then the
|
fatlicr-in-law of l laqwag'ila A^nax'ag'ila (XIII 3) — for that was the
other name of the former L!aqwag'ila — said that l,e would give a
|
name to his grandson, and he named his grandson Q!eq!EXLala
|
75 (XV 1); and then A^max'ag'ila (XIII 3) gave as a marriage gift||
forty mountain-goat blankets, twenty-five mink blankets, thirtj'
|
|
marmot blankets, four grizzly-bear blankets, four lynx blankets,
|
80 and four marten blankets, and one hundred deer-skin || blankets.
|
And immediately Llaqwagila (XIV 1) gave them away to the
|
ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, on account of the highness of the name of
his prince QleqlEx'Lala (XV 1).
|
And as soon as QleqiEx'Lala (XV 1) grew uji, he married the|
princess of l lac^walal (XIV 3) , chief of the numaym LalawllElaof the
|
L !aL lasiqwala, for Llaqwalal's princess was named K' ledelEme^
85 (XV 2). And it was not || long before Q!eq!EXLala (XV 1) had a
son and l !aqwalal (XIV 3) said that he would give a name to his
; I
grandson, and he gave liim the name YaqEwid (XVI 1 and) he| ; |
gave as his marriage gift fiftj^ mink lilankets, one hundred yellow|
90 cedar-bark blankets, twenty sewed sea-otter || blankets, Hfty seals,
and the whale house-dish, the kiUer-whale house-dish, and the wolf
|
house-dish, and also the grizzly-bear house-dish, and also the feast
|
71 Wa, la^lae xungwadEx'^Ide Llaqwag'ilase babagQme. Wa, la^lae
uEgiimpas L!aqwag'ila, yix A^max'ag'ila, (hcEm ^nEm LegEms
L!fiqwag'ilam5t!a), ^nex' qa's he-me Leqela qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma.
Wa, la^lae Lex'ets Q!eq!Ex'Lala laxes ts!6x"LEma. Wit, laEm-'lae
75 A^max'ag'ila wawalqalasa mox"sokwe ^ine^mElxLosgEm ^naEnx^u-
na^ya LE^wa sek" lagala matsasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa yudux"s6kwe
kwekux"dEsgEm ^naEn-v'una^ya, LE^wa m5we g'igilasgEm ^naEnx'u-
na^ya LEwa mowe' ^walasx'iisgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa mowe lble-
gExsEmc ^naEnx^una^ya ; wa, lieEm^lawisa lakMEnde tetEk'lotsEme
80 ^naEnx'una^ya. Wa, hex'^'ida^mese L!aqwag-ila yax^wits liixa g-a-
iisa Gwa^sEla qa oma^yos LegEmases LawElgSma^ye Qleq'.Exxala.
Wii, g'ih'Em^lawise q!ulyax^wide Q!eq!Exxalaxs lae gEg'adEX'^Its
k'ledelas Llaqwalale, yix g-igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa LalawilEliisa
LlaLasiqwalayMaxs k!edadaeL!aqwalalasK"!edelEma^ye. Wa, k'les-
85 ^lat!a galaxs laa^l xiingwadEx-^de Q!eq!Ex-Lalasa babagume.
Wa, laHae Llaqwalale ^nek" qa-'s he-me Leqela qa LegEmses tslox"-
LEma. Wii, laEm^lae Lex^edEs YaqEwIde laxes ts!6x"LEma. Wa,
la^lae wawalqalasa sEkMax'sokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa
lak'lEnde kMobawasa LE-'wa maitsokwe qIaq'.Enot q !eq lasasgEm
90 ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa sEk'!asgEmg-usta megwata LE-wa gwE^yime
loqiillla LE^va max-'enoxwe loqulila LE^wa aLanEme loqulila; wa,
he^mesa nane loqulila. Wa, he'misa klweladzEXLiiyowe LegEme
BOAS] FAMILY IIISTOKIES 865
name Kwax'se^stala; and the name of QleqlEx'Lala (XV 1) was 93
|
changed, and he now had the name X'ilx^ed (XV 1), when the
|
ancestors of the l !aL lasiqwala lived at Newette, H for now I shall 95
stop calling him Q!eq!Ex'Lala (XV 1). Immediately X'ilx-'ed|
(XV 1) got ready to go home with his wife K' ledelEme-' (XV 2) and|
their child YaqEwid (XVI 1) . Now he was going to his own country,
|
GweqElis. As soon as they arrived there, he gave away the fifty
|
mink blankets, one hundred yellow cedar-bark blanlvets, twenty 100||
sewed sea-otter blankets, and the food obtained in the marriage
|
feast, fifty seals. They put the seals in the four house-dishes; and
|
as soon as these were put before the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, he
|
gave aU the skin blankets to his guests. That is what is called
| ||
"giving away during a feast." Now, X'ilx^ed (XV 1) was really a 5
chief among the Gwa^sEla on account of what he had done. Wlien
I
YaqEwid (XVI 1) grew up, his father X'ilx^'ed (XV 1) wanted him|
to marry the princess (XVI 2) of Llaqwadze (XV 3), chief of the
|
numaj'm GexsEm of tlie Gwa^sEla. He married her at once; and
|
after the marriage, Llaqwadze (XV 3) gave to his son-in-law|| 10
YaqEwId (XVI 1) as a marriage gift two slaves, four large canoes,|
|
forty dressed elk-skin blankets, one hundred deer-skin blankets,|
forty lynx blankets, seven marten blankets, and twenty || mink
| 15
Kwax'se^stala. Wii, laxae LlayoxLa^ye Q!eq!Ex"Lala. Wa, hiEni 93
LegadEs X'ilx'ede lahxxs g'okulae g'alasa L!aL!as:qwala hlx Nfi^wede
qaxgin la-'mek' gwal LeqElas Q!eq!Ex-Lala laq. Wa- hex'^idaEm^la- 95
wise X'ilx^ede xwanaPid qa^s la na^nakwa le'wis gEUEme K" ledelE-
ma^ye LE^wis xunokwe YivcjEwlde; wa, la^me lal laxes awinagwise
GweqEhse. Wa, gil^'Em^lawise lag'aaxs laa4 hex'^ida^Em yaqwiigE-
lilasa SEk' lax'sokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^flna^ya LE^wa lak" lEnde do-
dEX"sEm k'!ek!obawasa LE-wa maltsokwe q!aci!En6l q!eq!asasgEm lOO
^naEn.x^una^ya LE^wa hannayaaxsa^ye sEkMasgEmg'ustawe megwata.
Wa, heEm la axts!§,xa mEwexLa loElquhlxa megwate. Wa, g'il-
^mese k'SgEmlFlEmxa g'aliisa Gwa^sEliixs lae yax^widayoweda ^naxwa
^naEnx'Tuia heyap !omasgEm laxa k!wele. Wii, heEin LegadES
yaxsEnie^ya yaqwagililaxa kiwele. Wii, laEm alak'Iala^l gugiima^ye 5
Xilx-ediisa Gwa^sEla qaes gwex'^idaase. Wii, la^lae qlwax^ide
YiiqEwIde. Wa, lii^lae ompase Xulx^ede ^nek' qa wag"is gEgades
kMedelas Llaqwadzexa g^Igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa GexsEmasaGwa-
^SEla. Wa, hex'-idaEnriiiwise qildzel-ldEq. Wa, g-ih'Em^hiwisc gwiila
qadzeLExs laa4 wilwalqiile^lae Llaqwadziixes uEgumpe YiiqEwI- 10
dasa ma^lokwe q!ilq!Ek'ii. Wii, heEni^lawisa m6ts!aqe iiwa xwa.xwii-
kliina LE^wa mox^sokweeElagimsgEm-naEnx^una^ya LE^wa lak'JEnde
tetEk' lOtsEni ^naEnx-'iina^ya LE'wa m5x"sokwe ' wiihisx'iisgEm ^naEn-
x^Qna^ya LE^wa aLEbowe LeLEgEx"sEm ^iiaEiix^una^ya LE^wa maltso-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 C
866 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIIITL [etii. ann. so
16 l)liiiikots, ami also u uainc whic^h was to be the name of YiiqEwld
|
(XVI 1). He gave him the name iJaqwasgEm (XVI 1), and also,|
as a name for his granddaugliter, Kunxfdasogwi^lak" (XVII 1).
|
As soon as this had been done, i- !a(iwasgEni (XV 3) made ready to|
give away his marriage presents to the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, ||
20 on account of the liighness of his princess Kunxiihxsogwi^lak"
(XVII 1). Now, I finish calling him YaqEwId (XVI 1), for his
|
name was now LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1). Now, LlaqwasgEm was
|
unfortunate, because his child was a girL It was not long before
|
he had another child, a boy (X\'II 2). Then he was really glad
|
25 on account of the boy. When it was first known grand-|| by his
father, Llaqwadze (XV 3), that the child was a boy, he made a great
effort when he gave the next marriage gift; namely, four slaves,
I
four large canoes, fifty dressed elk-skin blankets, fifty lynx
|
I
;^0 blankets, twenty-five miid-c blankets, thirty marmot || blankets, ten|
marten blankets, one Inuidred deer-skin blankets, one hundred
|
mountain-goat blankets, and also the name Sewid (XVII 2) as
|
the name of his grandson, and also his house. And when he had
I |
done so, LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) said that he would invite the ancestors
35 of the Nak !wax' da^x" and of the Awlk' !enox". Then he sent hisII
|
tribe to invite them. One of the canoes of the Gwa^sEla went
|
15 kwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^ttna^ya. Wa, he^misa LegEme qa LegEms
YaqEwIde. Wii, laEm^lae LegEmg^ElxLa^ye LlaqwasgEm qa Le-
gEms. Wii, hii^misa LegEme qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEmagase Kiinxula-
sogwi^lakwe. Wa,g'il^Em-lawise gwalExs lae hex-'ida-me L!aqwasgE-
me xwanal^ida qa^s yilx^wideses gEg'adauEme laxa g'aliisa Gwa^sEla
20 qii- o^mayoscs k^Iedele Kunxulasogwi^lakwe. Wa, laEUiLEn gwal
LcqElas YJiqEwide laq qaxs lE^'mae LegadEs L irujwasgEme. Wii, la'me
odzaxagEmde LlaqwasgEmaxs tslEdiiqaes xunokwe. Wa, la^ae
k'!es giilaxs laaEl et!ed xtingwadEX'-Itsa bfibagume. Wii, la^wcsLa-
Mae alaklala mololEma babagumaxs g-iilae nnlltleg'aaLElExs bEgwa-
25 UEmaases giigEmpe Lliiqwadze, wa, hcEm^liiwis hvg'ilas wiilEmx'^i-
dExs laaEl et!ed wiiwalqiilasa mokwo q!aq!Ek'owa LE-wa mots!aqc
ilwa xwiixwrik!una LE^wa sEk'!ax'sokwe eElagimsgEm naEnx^una-'ya
LE^wa sEk' lax'sokwe ^walasx'iisgEm ^naEnx^iina^ya LE-'wa sekMagilla
miitsasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa yudux"s6kwe kwekux^dEsgEm
30 ^naEiix-una-'ya LE^wa histowe LeLEgEx"sEme ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa
Ifik' !Ende tetEk" !5tsEme ^naEnx^iina^ya LE^wa lak" lEnde ^me'niElx-
LosgEme ^naEnx^una^ya. Wii, heEm^lawisa LegEme Sewide qa
LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wii, heEm-lawises g^okwe. Wii, giHEm^la-
wise gwillExs laaEl ^nek'e LlaqwasgEuie qa^s weg'e LelElaxa g aliisa
35 Nak!wax'da^xwe LE-'wa Awlk' !enoxwe. Wii, laEm^lae ^yalaqascs
g'okiilote qa lii^s Leltsaj'a. Wa, g'iix^Em'lae ^uEmtslaqEliixa xwii-
!
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 867
southward to the village Tegtixste^ of the Naklwax'da^x"; another
|
canoe went northward to the village of the Awlk !enox" at K" !etet.
|
After four days || they came back, and the Awik' !enox" and Na- 40|
klwax'da^x" came paddling with them. Then the LEWElaxa song|
was sung by the Awik' !euox"; and the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla did
not understand the kind of song sung by the Awik' !enox", the
|
song of the LEWElaxa, when they arrived in front of the village.
|
The Awik' !enox" landed, Hand also the Nak !wax' da^x" landed. 45
They did not sing when they came. Immediately they were
|
invited in to eat in the house of LlaqwasgEm (XVI
| 1) ; and as soon
as they were all inside, the Awik' !enox" began to sing the LEWE-
|
laxa song; and the cliief of the Awilv' !enox", Llaqwag'ila (XV 4),
I
danced. || After he had danced, he took off his red-cedar neck-ring 50
and his head-mask set with ermine-skins, and he called l !aqwasgEm
I
(XVI 1), and said to him, "Come to me, child L!aqwasgEm (XVl 1)I
Let these new dancing-things go to you, which I obtained in
|
marriage from the chief of the OyalaidEx", Hamdzid (XIV 4). He
|
has for his princess l laqwal (XV 5) . || Now, your name shall be 55
Hamdzid (XVI 1), for we are descended from the same ancestors."|
Thus said Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) to his grandfather. Immediately
|
LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) arose and went to the place where Llaqwag'ila
(XV 4) was standing; and LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) stood by the side|
kltinaGwa^sEla^na^nalaaqa laxaNaklwax'da^xwaxs g'Skulae Teguxs- 37
ta^ye. Wa, la^lae gwagwaaqaxa ^uEmtslaqe xwakliina hlx g'okii-
lasasa g'alasa Awik'lenoxwe lax K'letete. Wa, aEm^lawise moplEn-
xwa^se ^naliisexs g'axae aedaaqa. Wa, laEm^lae sEyogwexa Awi- 49
k'lenoxwe LE^wa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, hxEin^'lae LEwEhixak'lahx
dEnxElayasa Awik" lenoxwe. Wa, laEm^lae k'les ayosEla^lae g'alasa
Gwa^sEliix gwek'lalasas dEuxalayasa Awlk'lenoxwa LEwElaxak'lalae
g'axae aLEx'^ala lax Llasakwas. Wa, g'ax^lae g'ax^aliseda Awik'le-
noxwe. Wa,g'ax^lae ogwaqag'ax^aliseda Naklwax'da^xwe. LaEm-lae 45
k'leas gwek'lalats. Wa, liex'-idaEm^lawise LeHalaso^ qa^'s lii lIe-
xwa lax g'okwas LlaqwasgEina-ye. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise 'wI-laeLExs
laaEl hex'^idaEm et leda dEnx^ideda Awik' ienoxwasa LEWElaxa. Wa,
laEm^lawise ylxwe g'lgama^yasa Awik'lenoxwe Llaqwag'ila. Wii, r,)
g'il-'Em^lawise gwal yLxwaxs lae axodxes LlagEk!iixawa^3^e le^wcs
g'lg'ilEmakwe yixwewa^ya. Wa, la^lae Le^lalax LlaqwasgEme. Wii,
laEm^lae ^nek'a: "Wii, gelag'a xttnok" LliiqwasgEm qa lalagisEk.
ax^aLElag'ada alo-'masEk' yiix"LEn laL, yixg'in gEg'adiinEmk' hlxa =5
g'lgama-'yasa OyalaidExwe lax H&mdzide, yixs k'ledadaas Llaqwiile.
Wa, la-'mets LegadElts Hamdzide qaxs ^nEm'maiisEiis g'iiyowasEns
wIwompwiihiEns," ^nex'^ae Llilqwag'iliixes giigEmpe. Wii, hcx''i-
daEm^lawise LlaqwasgEme Liix-iilil qa^s la lax La^wi^lasas Lliiqwag'ila.
Wii, g'iPEm^lawise La^wEnodzElIle LlaqwasgEmax Llaqwag'ilaxs lae
868 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. a.nn. S6
of Llaqwag'ila (XV 4); and Llaqwag'ila took off his grizzly-bear|
60 blanket and put it on dancing-|| L!aqwasgEm; and he took off his
upron and put it on L!aqwasgEni; and he put around his neck the
|
red cedar-bark ring mixed with white for tlie LEWElaxa dance,
|
wliich was to be the red cedar-bark ring of l !aqwasgEm (XVI 1),
and he put on his head tlie liead-niask. And as soon as lie had done
|
it aU, L !aqwag'ila (XV 4) told how he had obtained them. He said,|
65 "I married || iJaqwal (XV 5), the princess of Hamdzid (XIV 4),
chief of tlie OyalaidEx of the BcllaljcUa ; and this is what I obtained
|
by mari'ying her—the LEWElaxa and the name Hamdzid. Now.
|
Hamdzid shall be your name when you give the LEWElaxa. And the
|
name iJaciwasgEm shall ])e your name during the secular season."
Thus said Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) to LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1). Then the|
70 Awlk" !enox" sang || four LEWElaxa songs, and L'.aqwasgEm (XVI 1)
danced. And Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) just stood by his side. Lla-
| |
qwasgEm (XVI 1) was shaking the rattle with his one hand as he
danced, going around the fire in the middle of the dancing-house of
|
L!aqwasgEm (XVI 1). This \yas the time when the Gwa^sEla saw
|
the LEWElaxa for the first time. And the LEWElaxa came from
75 there. And the reason why Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) gave it to L!a-|1
qwasgEm (XVI 1) is because he knew that they had the same|
descent. As soon as LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) had finished dancing, he|
spoke, and said, "O Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) ! thank you for what you|
axode Llaqwag'ilaxes g'ilasgEme ^nEX^una^ya cja-'s ^nEx^tindes lax
60 LlaqwasgEme. Wa, la^lae axodxes tsape qa^s tsapledes lax
LlfiqwasgEme. Wa, lii cjEnxotsa ^niElraaqEla qEnxawe LEwElaxa-
xawe LlagEk" liix LlaqwasgEme. Wii, hVlae yi.xwiyotsa 3'ixwi-
wa^ye laq. Wa, gul^Em-'lawise ^wIlg"aaLElaxs lae Llaqwag'ila
ts!Ek"!rd'itses g-ayoLasaq. Vfk, la^lae Miek'a: ''Leu gEg-adEs iJil-
65 qwale, yix kledelas Hamdzide gigama'yasa OyalaidExwasa Heldza-
^qwe. Wa, yo^mesEu gEg'adanEm iaqexwa LEWEiaxa LE^wa LegEnie
Hamdzide. \Y&, la^mets LegadElts Hamdzide laxwa LEWElaxax.
Vv^a, hexsil'mets LegEnie LlaqwasgEme Ifixa baxiise," ^nex'^'lae L!a-
qwag'iliix LlaqwasgEme. Wa, laEm^lae clEnx^ededa Awlk' lenoxwasa
70 mosgEiue LeLEWElaxak' !ala q !Emq IsmdEma. Wa, laEm^lawise ylxwe
L IrujwasgEme. Wii, amines la Laxwemele Llaqwag'ila. Wa, la^me
klilxEtkioltslane LlaciwasgEmaxs lae yIx"se^stalilElaxa laqawaliiasa
LEWElaxaats !e g'ox"s L laqwasgEme. Wii, heEiu g'alabe dox^waLElatsa
Gwa-'sElaxa LEWElaxa, Wa, he-'mis la gwel^Idaatsa LEWElaxax laxeq.
75 Wii, he^mis lag'ilas Lliiqwag'ila las liix LhiqwasgEmaxs qliiLEla-'maaxs
^nEm6x"^maes g'ayowasa LE-'we. Wii, gll'Em^liiwise gwiil ylxwe
LhiqwasgEmaxs lae yaqJEg'a^la. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, Lliiqwa-
g'ila, gelak'aslax'Ig'as g'iixyog'os g'axEn; he^En ^ne^nak'ile ylxs
miAsI FAMILY HISTORIES 869
have brought mo. This is the reason why I spoke. I sliall not
| use
this great dance. It shall go to my
II prince Sewid (XVII 2). He 80
shall have the name Hamdzid." Thus spoke LlaqwasgEm (XVI
| 1)
to his tribe, the Gwa-sEla, and to the Nak Iwax'da^x", and
[ also to the
Awik' !enox", and they all agreed to what he said.
| As soon as he
had spoken, he gave away the four slaves to the chiefs
| of the
Nak!wax'da^\" and || Awlk' !enox", and four large canoes M'eut to 85
|
the chiefs of the two tribes, and he gave
) away the one himdred
deer-skin blankets to the two tribes. After this the two
| tribes
|
went out. They unloaded their canoes, || and night came. Then 90
Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) spoke to his tribe, and told them
| to sing four
times the LEWElaxa songs for Sewid (XVIT 2), the
| prince of
iJaqwasgEm (XVI 1), who was to be a helikilal in the
| LEwslaxa
dance. Then Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) taught the song of the
| hehk'ilal
to Sewid (XVII 1) late at night. And || Llaqwag'ila (XV 4) asked 95
his painters to put up the sacred room with the moon
| on it and a toad
inside the moon. At once two painters took four
| roof-boards,
|
rubbed them with old cedar-bark mats to remove the soot,
| and,
wlieu all the soot was off, || they put them down in the rear of the 100
house of LlaqwasgEm in the night. Before dajdight they
| finished.
k'lesel nogwa aaxsilalxwa ^walasex lada, yixs lE^niaex lal iaxEu
LEWElgama^yox Sewidex. Wii, la^mesox LegadElts Hamdzide," SO
^nex'^lae LlaqwasgEmaxes g-okulota Gwa^ssla LE^wa Nak!waxda-
^xwe, wii, he^misa AwlkMenoxwe. Wa, la^lae ^iiaxwaEm ex'^ag-aye
waklEmas. Wa, gll^Em^lawise gwal y&q!Ent!alaxs laasi yax-'witsa
mokwe q!aq!Ek-owa lax g-ig-igania^yasa Naklwax'da^xwe LE^wa
Awlk-!enoxwe. Wii, heEm^lawisa m6ls!aqe &wa xw5xwak!fliia. 85
HeEiuxaa la laxa g'ig'Egama-'yasa ma^tsEmakwe leiqwalaLa^'ya.
Wa, la^lae yax^witsa lak'lEnde tetEk'IotsEm ^naEnx^una^ya laxa
ma^tsEmakwe lelqwalaLa^ya. Wa, laEm^lae gwala laa^'lase hoqil-
wElseda ma^ltsEmakwe lelqwalaLa^ya. Wit, laEm^Iae moltalaxes
mEmwala. Wa, la^lae ganuHda. Wa, la^lae Llaqwag'Da yaq!E- 90
g'a^lxes g'okiilote. LaEm^lae nelaqexs moplEncLe kwexEla qaeda
LEWElaxa qa Sewide, yi^lax LEWElgama^yas LlaqwasgEmaxs lE-'maaEl
helik-UalL laxa LEWElaxa. Wa, la^me Llaqwag'ila qlaq'oLlamatsa
yiilaxLEnases helik'ilale lax Sewidaxa la gala ganoLa. Wii. laxae
Llaqwagila axk!alaxes k'!ak-!Et!enoxwe qa k-!ox-walIlcsexa 95
^niEkuladzala mawila. Wa, la^lae wilqlasa ots!&wasa ^niEkQla.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa ma^lokwe k-!ak-!Et!enox" ax^edxa moxsa
saokwa qa^s yiltsEldzaycsa klakMobane laxa scsaokwo qa lawiiyesa
q!walobEse laq. Wa, gipEin^lawise ^wl^l&wa q!walobEsaxs laaEl
ax^alllas laxa naqoLEwalilasa gokwa LlaqwasgEmexa ganoLe. 100
Wa, k!es^Em^lawise 'nax'-idExs lae gwala. Wa, laEm-lae tslEl-
870 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ietii.ann. 35
2 At once it was a cause of surprise, when it was seen by the uuiuiti-|
ated of the Naklwax'da^x" and Gwa^sEla, and also by the other|
Awlk" !enox". As soon as it was daylight, in the morning, l !aqwag'i-
|
5 la (XV 4) asked LlaqwasgEm (XVI 1) to call in the Nakhvax'da^x"ll
and Awlk' !enox" and all the Gwa^sEla to eat breakfast in the
|
dancing-house for tlie LEWElaxa. Then the chief of the Awik' !e-
|
nox", L!aqwag'ila (XV 4), said that he would show to Sewid
|
(XVII 2) liow to dance the LEWElaxa and the great dance helik'ilal.|
10 Wlien the came in, Llaqwag'ila (XV arose, and|| three tribes 4)
|
said, "I have already told that the LEWElaxa was a marriage gift
|
from Chief HSmdzid (XIV 4) of the OyalaidEx", and that Q lomogwa
|
is the supernatural property of the helik'ilal, and that the name of the
helik'ilal is Yemask'as^o Qloniogwa. And now we shall sing for
|
15 four days for the helik'ilal. We shall begin now, so that you may||
see the way of dancing of the hehk'ilal. This is the sacred room of
|
the helik'ilai, what 5-0U see standing there, M'Mch I obtained in|
marriage from the cliief of the OyalaidEx" of the Bellabella. I am
|
speaking about it emphatically, because it is always asked of the|
20 chiefs of the tribes to say where they obtained the LEWElaxa by||
those who do not know what is iu the box of real chiefs. This is
|
the reason for my saying so— that you, Nak!wax'da^x" and Gwa-
I
^sEla, shall not speak against Yemask'as^o Q lomogwa (XVII 2),
I
which is the name of the helik'ilal, Sewid (XVII 2), for now in the|
2 g'lmxs lae dox^waLEltsa g-Ig'exseg-a^yexa Naklwax'da^xwe
LE^wa Gwa^sEla Lo^ma waokwe laxa AwTkMenoxwe qaxs g'il^ma-
asl ^na.x-^idxa gaalaxs laa^lae Llaqwag'ila axklalax LlaqwasgEme
5 qa Lelalesexa Nak!wax'da'xwe LE^wa Awik-!enoxwe l6^ -'wi-leda
Gwa-'sEla qa g'axese gaaxstala laxa la lobEkwa g'okwe cjaeda
LEWElaxa. Wii, la^me ^nek-e g'lgamu^yasa Awlk' !enoxwe Llaqwag'ila
qa^s alak'lalc nelasexs lE^mae aU\k-!ala lusa LEWElaxa LE^wa ^walase
liideda helik'ilale lax Sewide. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise ^wHaeLeda yu-
10 dux"sEmakwe leElqwalaLexs laa^lase La^xulile Llaqwag'ila qa'^s
uEgElta^yexEn laEmx'de waldEma yixs alak- Irdae gEg'adiinEmaxa
LEWElaxa lax g'igS,ma^yasa OyalaidExwe Hamdzide. Wa, he^misexs
Qlomogwayae Logwa^yasa helik'ilale, wit, he^mis LegEmsa helik'ilale
Yemask'as'o Q lomogwa. "Wii, la-'mesEns moplEnxwa^sL kwexalal-
15 xwa helikllalex. Wii, la^mesEns g'tdabEudElxwa giinoLex qEns
doqwalexox yixwiilaene^Laxsa helik'llalex. Wii, yuEm milwlltsa he-
lik'lhilos liiqos dogiil k'logwllaxEn gEgadauEmex lax g'igama^yasa
OjalaidExwasa Heldza-qwe. HedEn liig'ilaEn EpElk'liila gwagwex'-
s^rda hlq" qaxs he/niEuiila^mae waLapleda 'niixwa g'Ig'Egamasa lel-
20 qwiilaLa^ye, xa nek'e widzEsdzEwdaoxda LEWElaxaxa k'lese qleqliilax
g'lyimtslawiix g'llgUdasasa alak'liiia g'lg'Egama^ya. Wa, hc-nicsEn
Mie-nak'ile, laEms kleasL Ifd wfddEniLos, Naklwax'da-x" los Gwa^sEl,
qaox Yemask'as^o Ql5mogwaxox helik'llalEXLayoxs Sewide, yixs
"
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 871
LEWElaxa his name shall no longer be Sewid. Now his name shall
be Ha,mdzid (XVII 1). As soon as he finishesII the LEWElaxa, in 25
four days, then his name shall again be Sewid (XVII 2). Now he
I
himself will dance to invite you. And therefore his name is
|
|
Yemask'as^o Qlomogwa as a helik'ilal; and his name is Hamdzid
|
because he takes care of the LEWElaxa. That is it." || Thus said 30
L laqwaglla (XV 4) .
|
As soon as they had finished breakfast, they went out, and two
|
painters worked to make the mask of Qlomogwa. And as soon as
|
night came, Llaqwag'ila (XV 4), chief of the Awik' !enox", asked|
two of his speakers and two of the || speakers of L!s1qwagilagEme^ 35
(XVI 1) to listen to what the people were saying when they went
|
to call their tribe and the guests to go into the dancing-house. As
|
soon as the four speakers had assembled, Llaqwag'ila instructed
|
them what to say outside of the doors of aU the houses. "This is
|
what you will say, ||
"'O LEWElaxa dancers! I call you to restore to his senses Yemas- 40
k'as^o Qlomogwa, the helik'ilal, Q!omogwa. You shall sing for
|
our Yemask' as^o Qlomogwa.'"
| |
As soon as they stopped speaking at the doors of the houses, the
|
men, women, || and their children arose, and went into the LEWElaxa 45
house, for all wished to see the new thing that is called LEWElaxa,
|
lE^maex gwal LegadEs Sewide laxwa LEWElaxax. Wa, la^mox Lega-
dEs Hamdzide. Wii, g'il^Emlwisox gwalLa LEWElaxax lax moxsaLa 25
^nalal laLoxetledEl Legadfil Sewide laxeq. Wa, laEmLoxq!ulex's^Em
ylxwa^masxos bEk!wena^yaxs Lelslaex. Wil, he^mis lag'ilasox Lega-
dEs Yemask'as^o Qlomogwa laxes helik'ila^le^na^ye. Wa, lax' Lega-
dEs Hamdzide qaes aaxsilaena^yaxa LEWElaxax. Wa, yu^moq","
'nex'^lae Llaqwag'ila. 3q
Wa, g'll^Em^lawise gwal gaaxstalaxs lae hoquwElsa. Wa, hex--
^idaEm^lawisa ma^lokwe k'lak'.Eltenox" eax^edxa Qlomokumle.
Wa, g'il-Em^lawise ganol^IdExs laa^lase Llaqwag'ilaxa g'lgama^yasa
Awik' lenoxwe axk" lalaxa ma^lokwe laxes a^yllkwe LE^wa nia^lokwe
lax a^yilkwiis Llaqwag'ilagEma^ye qa liis hoLelax gwek' lalasasexs lae 35
qasaxes g'okiilote LE^wa LclalanEme cia liis ^wFla hogwiLa laxa
LEWElaxaatsle g'okwa. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise q!ap!ex'^ideda mokwe
a^yilkwa, laa^lase L!aqwag'ihx Lexs^alaq qa gwekMalets lax Llasana-
^yas tiEX'ilasa ^naxwa g'ig'okwa. " Wa, g'aEms waldEmlg'a:
' LelElanogoLa ts!ets!eqao nanaqamaLEnsax Yemask'as^o Q!omo- 4Q
gwa helik'ilalk'as^Q Qlomogwa; LaselaLosxEnsax Yemask'as^o Qlo-
mogwa.' "
Wa, g'ilnaxwa^maalase qlwel^id lilx t'.et.'Exulasa g'ig'okwaxs laaEl
hex'^idaEm ^wi^la q!wag'illleda bebEgwanEme LE^wis gEgEUEme
Lo^mes sasEme, qa^s UieI liogweL laxa LEwElaxaats!e gokwa, qaxs 45
^naxwa^mae x'ax'etslanaxa alomase LEgemsa LEWElaxa. Wil, la^lae
872 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth ann. as
47 and all the three tribes came in. Then L!aqwag'ila arose and
| |
called LlaqwasgEm. And as soon as LlaqwasgEm stood by the side
|
TiO of iJaqwag'ila, then iJaqwag'ila said to all the tribes,li
|
"Now this chief shall be assistant in the future LEWElaxa dances
|
of future generations." Thus he said.
|
And as soon as he stopped speaking, there was a sacred song sung
|
in the saci'cd room, and this is it: ||
55 " Wliat, oh, what has become of my supernatural power?
Hoa lioa ! Wiat has become of it ?
j
|
It has escaped from me, it has escaped from me, my supernatural
power. Hoa hoa! It has escaped from me, my supernatural power.
I
IToahoa!"
|
There was another sacred song:
||
60 "Come and fly over me, you who flew away from me to the light of
the world. Come and fly over me, ho waya waya ha haa!"|
|
As soon as Llaqwag'ila stopped singing, he called iJaqwasgEm:
]
"Let us look at the sacred singing behind the front of the sacred
|
65 room!" And they went in. They had not stood long, |1 before
L!ac[wasgEm came back alone. He said, "Take care, tribes!
|
That is the voice of the hehk'ilai. Now begin to sing, and I shall|
47 ^wi^laeLeda yildux^sEmakwe lelqwalaLexs laaEl Lax^ullle L!aqwag'ila
qa-s Le^lalex L!aqwasgEme. Wa, gil^Em^lawise la LawEnodzElIle
L!aqwasgEmax Liarjwasg'ilaxs lae ^nek'e L!aqwag'ilaxa ^naxwa
50 lelqwalaLa^ya:
"LaEmk" Laxwemilnaxwalg'ada g^Igamek' laxa El^nakulaLa le-
WElaxaLasa El=nakulaLa IjEgwanEml," '^nex'lae.
Wa. gil^Em^lawise qlwePldExs laaPasa yalaqlwalalax aLadza^yasa
mawile yisg'ada:
55 Wex'-ideg"a ha wex"'ihedeg"a wex'-ides qae ^nawalahakwasdii
h5a hoa wex"^idesk"a.
Madoso o'nogwa, madoso o^nogwa madosos qae ^nawalahakwas-
dil boa hoa madosoqae ^nawalahakwasda hoa hoa.
Wii, la las laxa ^uEmsgEme yalaxLEna:
60 Gena q!anaanLa k'^e q!aneg'ilis lax -'naqulayaxea ha aha gena
q lanaanLa ho waya waya ha haa.
Wii, glPEm^lawise q!wel-edExs lae Llaqwagila axk-!alax L!aqwas-
o-Enie: "^yii, wexins doc[waxa sayola<|ula laxg'a aLadzeg'asg'a
inawilek'." Wa, lax'da^x"%e layak'illla. Wii. k!es-]at!a galaxs
65 g'iixac nEUX'ale L!aqwasgEme. Wa, la-'lae -nek-a: ''Weg'a yaL!a-
LEX (^olg'Ekulot; yuEm q!wiisElag'ilila helik'iialex. Wii, weg'a dEn-
x^edEX ciEn lalag'i gQnx-'id lal6L!aq6 le^wox Llaqwag'ilax qa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 873
try to secure him, together with L.'aqwagihi, so that he may come 68
|
and dance." Immediately the Awik' !enox" sang, and LlaqwasgEm
|
went back into the room. Before long || the helik'ila! came, wearing 70
the grizzly-bear skin blanket, and around his neck a thick cedar-
|
bark ring. He wore on his head the head-mask with ermines, and
|
he wore a dancing-apron around his waist. He was shaking his
|
rattle with one hand as he was dancing. He danced around the fire
|
in the middle of the house. Then Llaqwag'ila Hand LlaqwasgEm 75
were his attendants. Four songs were sung by the Awlk' !enox".
|
Then they finished. As soon as they had finished, the helik ilaJ
|
went back to his sacred room; and LlaqwasgEm gave away one
|
hundred mountain-goat blankets to the Nak!waxdr/x" and to the
|
Awik' lenox"; and as soon as he finished giving away the mountain- 80||
goat blankets, the chief of the Awik!enox", Llaqwag'ila said to the
|
Naklwax'da^x" and Gwa^sEla that they should come back into the
|
LEWElaxa house the next evening. Thus he said.
|
|
As soon as he stopped speaking, the Nak!wax'da^x" || and the 85
Awik' lenox" and the Gwa^sEla went out. And when it was evening
|
on the following day, the four speakers went again to call them,
|
and they said the same as they had said when they called them the
first time to the dance. Now they were dancing, and they did the
|
same that night as the}' had done before. And as soon as the
|
g'axeso yix^wida." Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawiseda Awik'Ienoxwe dEn- 68
x^eda. Wa, hVlae LlaqwasgEuie layakilila. Wa, k-es"iat!a galaxs
g'axaasa hehk'ilale ^nEx^iinalaxa g'llasgEme ''iiEX^una^ya qEuxalaxa 70
LEkwe LlagEkwa. Wa, laEm^lae ybcwiwalaxa g'ig'ilE^makwe yixwi-
wa^ya. Wii, laEm^lae tsabEx"sa yixuxsdeg'a^ye tsiipa. Wii, la'la-
xae k!uxEtk'!olts!anaxa kliixEdEuaxs lae yixwa. Wa, lasm^lae
ylxse^stalilElaxa laqawalllasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm^Uxe Llaqwag'ila
Lo^lae L!aqwasgEme LaxwemelEci- Wa, mosgEm^latla qlEmqiEm- 75
dEme dEnx^edayuwasa Awlk'lenoxwaxs lae gwala. Wa, giFEm^la-
wise gwalExs lae layak'lllleda helik'ilale laxes mawlle. Wii, lii^lae
L'.aqwasgEme yax^witsa hxk'lEnde =me^mElxLosgEm ^naEiix'^une hlxa
Naklwax'da^xwe LE^wa Awik' lenoxwe. Wii, g-il^Em-'lilwise gwiila
yaqwasa ^me^niElxLosgEme ^naEnx^unexs lae nele g'lgama^yasa 80
Awik'!enoxwe Lliiqwag'ilaxa Niiklwax'da^xwe LE^wa Gwa^sElaxs
etiedel g'iixL ^wllal hogweL Laxa LEWElaxaatsIe g'ox"xa etIedELa
ganol^idEl, ^nex'^lae.
Wii, g'il^Em^lawise q !wel=edExs lae ^wi% hoquw£lsedaNiik!wax-da-
^xwe LE^wa Awik' lenoxwe Lo-ma Gwa-sEla. Wa, g'll^Em^liiwise dzii- 85
qwaxa lEiisaxs laaEl et!ed cjiis^ideda m5kwe a-yilkwa. Wa, laEmxae
aEm nEgEltEwexes g'alc wiildEinaxs g'iilae qiisa qaeda g'ale kwe-
xEla. Wa, laEmxae kwexEla. Wii, heEmxaiiwise gweg'ilaxa gano-
Les g'ale gweg'ilasa. Wa, g-ll^mese gwiil ylx^wieda helik'ilalasa mos-
874 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
90 helik'ilal linislicd dancing with the |1 1'our songs, he went into the
sacred room. Then LlaqwasgEm gave away twenty-five mink
|
blankets and fifty lynx blankets to the Naklwax'da^x" and
| |
Awlk' !enox"; and when tliis was done, they all went out.
|
In the evening of the following day the four speakers went to
95 call them again, || and said, "Tliis will really be the taming of the
hehk'ilal." They would say this after they had said the words wliich
|
they used before, when they were calling them. After they had
|
gone tlu-oughoiit the whole viUage, the three tribes went in. Then
|
|
Llaqwag'ila and LlaqwasgEm went behind the front of the sacred
300 room, || and the helik'ilal sang his two sacred songs. When he|
stopped, the Awik' !enox" sang, the helik'ilal came out dancing,
|
and when they were nearly at the end of the last of the four songs,
|
the helik'ilal ran out of the door of the dancing-house, and
|
5 L!ac[wag'ila and || LlaqwasgEm ran after him. It was not long
before they came back. Llaqwagila was carrying the head-
|
mask and the grizzly-bear blanket, and LlaqwasgEm carried
|
the cedar-bark neck-ring aiid the dancing-apron and the
|
rattle. Then Llaqwag'ila said that| he and his friend L!a-
10 qwasgEm had found them, and they were talking happily
ll
about what they pretended to have found. Then a wliistle
sounded on the beach in front of the dancing-house. Llaqwag'ila
|
90 gEme q lEmq lEmdEmxs lae aLadzElIlaxa mawile. Wa, laxae Lla-
cjwasgEme^ yax^'witsa sEk'!agahi matsasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa
sEk' lax'sokwe ^walasx'asgEm ^naEnx'una^ya laxa Naklwax'da^xwe
LE^wa Awlk' !enoxwe. Wa, giPmese gwrdsxs lae HvFla hoqiiwElsa.
Wa, laxae dzaqwaxs lae lEnsa, lae etieda qas-Ideda mokwe a^yll-
95 kwa. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek'Exs lE^mae aiag'allL nanaqamalxa helik'l-
lale; alnaxwaEm^lae ^nek'Exs lae ^wi^lawe waldrmas laxcs g'ag'ilae
waldEmxs qasae. Wa, g'il^Enrfawise labElsaxa g'okiilaxs g'axae
^wFlaeLeda yQdux"sEmakwe leElqwalaLa^ya. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
layak'ilile Llaqwag'ila Lo^ LlaqwasgEnie lax aLadza^yasa mawile.
300 Wa, la^lae yalaqweda helik'ilalasa maltsEme yalaxLEna. Wa,
g'ipEm^lawise qlwel^edExs lae dEnx^ededa Awik' lenoxwe. Wii,
g-ax^lae ylxultslalelEleda hclik'llale. Wa, g'il^mese Elaq qliilbeda
ElxLa^yasa mosgEme qlEniqlEmdEnisa helikihilaxs laaEl dzEJx^wEls
lax tlEX'llasa LEWElaxaatsle g'okwa. Wa, la^lae Llaqwag'ila lo^
5 LlaqwasgEnie dzElx"sEmcq. Wa, k' lest la galaxs g'axae acdaaqa
dale Llaqwag'ilaxa ylxwiwa^ye LE^wa g'ilasgEme 'uEx^una^ya. Wa,
la^lae ogwaqa dale LlaqwasgEmaxa LlagEkliixawa^ye LE^wa ytxiixs-
deg'a^ye tsapa LE^wa klOxEdEne. Wii, la^me ^nex'^lae Llaqwag'i-
laxs qlaaq LE'wes ^nEmokwe LlaqwasgEme. Wii, lieEm-lawis Tdes
10 eek" leq lalax'da^x"ses qliibolaxs laa^lasa tslekluk'liilii liixa LlEma^i-
sasa LEWElaxaatsle g'okwa. Wii, lii-lae Llaqwag'ila IiceI g'il wuLa-
'
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 875
was the first to hear it, aud he said to LlaqwasgEm they would go 12
|
at once to look at it. Tliey just put into the sacred room what they
|
had found, and went out. Before long Llaqwag'ila came back
| ||
and stood in the doorway of the house, and said, "0 dancers! now
| 15
I have discovered our dancer, and he has been transformed. He
|
has become Q lomogwa, and he is going to be well now. Now I will
|
bring him in." Thus he said, and he went out again. Before long
| ||
he came back, walking backward, with l laqwasgEm walking in front 20
of him. He was wearing the mask of Q lomogwa. Then l !aqwag'ila
I
told the Awik' !enox" to go ahead and sing; and as soon as they
|
began to sing, the mask of Q lomogwa began to dance. And as soon|
as they came to the rear of the house, he went in behind the front
|
of the sacred room. This is ended. ||
Then LlaqwasgEm gave away fifty lynx blankets, ten marten
| 25
blankets, thirty marmot blankets, to the Naklwax'da^x" and
| |
Awik' lenox". That is aU about this. This was the first LEWElaxa
|
in the southern country. || Therefore I am the only one who is first 30
called to be the attendant of the LEWElaxa, for my ancestors were
|
the first to obtain the dance. Now I have finished talkmg about
|
Llaqwag'ila (XV 4), who brought the LEWElaxa to LlaqwasgEm
(XVI 1).
I
x^aLElaq. Wa, la^Iae axk'lalax LlaqwasgEme qa-s lax'da^xwe 12
dox^wklEq. Wa, aEm^lawise la iixtslalilases qleqia laxa mawlle.
Wii, la^lae hoqiiwElsa. Wit, k'les-hitla galaxs g"iixae aedaacje
Llacjwag'ila. Wa, heEm'lawise Lax^iilile awlLEliisa tiEX'ilasa 15
g"6kwe. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya tsletsleqo; lanogwa maltleg'aa-
LElaxg'ins yixwagins lag'asg'a la ogux'Idaela. Wa, laeg'as la qlo-
mogwe^stalila. Wii, lag'a heh'nakiila. Wa, lanogwa g'iixeLamasLE-
g'aq"," ^nex'^laexs lae xwelaqa lawElsa. Wa, k'les^latla g'alaxs
g'axae g'axeLEla k'laneLEla lo^ LlaqwasgEme k^amesgEmexa yixu- 20
malaxa qlomokumle. Wa, la'lae Llaqwag'ila wiixaxa Awik"lenoxwe
qa dEnx^edes. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise denx^edExs lae ylx^wideda qlo-
mokumle. Wii, g'll^Em-liiwise lag'aa laxa ogwiwalllaxs lac latslalii
laxa aLadza^yasa miiwile. Wa, la^me gwal laxeq.
Wa, la^lae LlaqwasgEme etied yax^witsa SEk" lax'sokwe ^walasx iis- 25
gEm ^naEiLx^una^ya LE^wa lastowe LeLEgEx"'sEme ^naEiix^una^'ya
LE^wa yudux''sokwe kwekux"dEsgEm ^naEnx^iina-ya laxa Naklwax-
da^xwe LE^wa Awik'lenoxwe. Wii, laEin gwal liixeq. Wa, hcEm
g'il g'ax LEWElaxa liixwa ^nalenak'alax awlnakala. Wa, he^misEu
liig'ila lex'aEm gil Le'lrdaso- qa lii Laxwemel hlx LEWElaxa qaxs 30
he^maEn g'ale g'axatsa LEWElaxa. Wa, laEm gwrdsns gwagwex-s^a-
laena^ye lax Lliiqwag'iliixs g'iixaasa LEwElaxa lax l liiqwasgEme.
876 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
33 Now I shall talk about him when he was looking for a wife for his
prince Sewid (XVII 2); for he was no longer named Yemask'as^o
|
35 Q!omogwa (XVII 1), ll for he had the name Yemask'as^o Q!omogwa
only during the LEWElaxa, and his summer name was Sewid. Then
|
he learned about ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3) of the L !aL lasiqwala, the|
princess of Aniax'ag'ila (XVI 3), another one of the chiefs of the|
G'exsEm. Then he married ^nax'nag'Em. They lived in the
|
40 village of the ancestors of the l !aL lasiqwala, || GewasEm. After
they were married, Amax'ag'ila (XVI 3) gave as a marriage gift
|
sixty sea-otter blankets, four slaves, one hundred and twenty
|
cedar-bark blankets, six canoes, and forty mink blankets. And
| |
Amax'agila (XVI 3) wanted Sewid (XVII 2) to give a winter dance.
45 And Amax'flg'ila (XVI 3) gave in marriage as ])rivilege the mama-II
q!a and its name Q!ulad; and the l)ird-dance, and its name ^nawala-
|
kumeg'ihs; and the hamshamtslEs, and its name ^nax"q!ESElag'ilis;
|
and the healing-dance, and its name Egaqiwala; and also a secular|
name as the name for Sewid (XVII 2), namely, A^maxiilai; and we|
50 shaU caU Sewid A^maxulal (XVII 2) from now on. || After he had
given the marriage gift, A^maxiilal (XVII 2) invited the l !aL lasi-|
qwala to go to GweqElis, the vLUage of A^maxulai (XVII 2) and his|
tribe the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla; for A^miixidal (XVII 2) wished
|
that the ancestors of the l !aL lasiqwala should take care of the winter
dance that they were going to give. Then A-maxulal (XVII 2) and|
33 Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal laqexs lae alii qa gEUEmses leweI-
g&ma^ye Sewide, qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Yemaskas-o Qlomo-
35 gwa qaxs lex'a^mae Legadaats Yemask^as^o Qlomogwiixs LEwElaxae.
Wa, he-mis LegEmsexa hcEuxe Sewide. Wa, he^latla qlaatseda
LlaLlasiqwala lax ^nax-nag'Eme, yix k'ledelas Amax-ag-ila, yix ^nE-
mokwe lax g-ig'Egama^yasa ^nE^memotasa G^exsEme. Wa, la^lae
qadzel^idEx ^nax-nag'Eme, yixs hiie g-okule g-alasa LJaLlasiqwaie
40 GewasE^ma. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwala qadzeLaxs laa^lae Amax^a-
g'ila wawalqiilasa qlELlEx^sokwe qleqlasasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa
mokwe qlaqlEk^a LE^wa ma^ltsogugoyowe k'lek'lobawasa LE^wa
qlELJEtslaqe xwaxwakluna LE^wa m6x"sokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^u-
na^ya. Wii, la-'lae Amax'ag-ila -nex" qa yawixlles Sewide. Wa,
45 hVlae Amax'agila k" les^ogulxLalalaxa mamaqla le^wIs LegEme
QluladeLE^wa tsleklwese le^wcs LEgEme ^nnwalakumegilise LE^wa
hamshamtslEse LE^wis LegEme ^nax"q lESElag-Ilise LE^wa hayalik'ilale
LEWIS LegEme Eg'aqiwfda; wa, he-misa baxuse LegEma qa LegEms
Sewide ylHax A-'maxiilale. Wa, la^mesEns LeqElaLEs A^maxiilale lax
50 Sewide. Wii, gil^Em^lawise gwala wawalqiilaxs laa-lac A^ma.xfdaie
LelElaxa LlaLlasiqwala qa las lax GweqElise lax g-6kQlasa A^maxu-
lale LE^wis g-okill6ta g'alasa Gwa^sEla, qaxs niek-ae A-'maxulale qa
he=misa g-alasa LlaLlasiqwala aaxsilax yawixIlaeneLas. Wa, la-lae
^wi^la alex'wide A^naxulale LE^wis LelElakwaxa gaala. Wa, k-!es-
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 877
his guests started in the morning. Before || evening they arrived at 55
GweqEhs. Then the l !aL !asiq\vahi wished the four
| dancers to|
disappear at once that evening, for the l !aL lasiqwala were in a
hurry. They wanted to make a short stay at GweqElis. The four
| |
dancers staid away only four nights. Then they were caught.
||
They danced for them four evenings. Then everything was given 60
away that was given as a marriage gift by Amax'^g'ila (XVI 3)
|
the sixty sea-otter blankets; four slaves; six canoes; forty mink
| |
blankets; one hundred and twenty cedar-bark blankets; and the
|
name of the mamaq !a, Q !ulad|| ; and the bird-dance, which had the 65
name ^nawalakumeg'ilis; and the hamshamts!Es, wliich had the
|
name ^nax"q!ESElag'ilis; and the healing-dance, which had the
|
name Eg'aqlwala. At that time AtoaxiOal (XVII 2) obtained
|
first the winter dance of the l !aL !asiqwala. As soon as A^maxulal
|
finished giving awaj', the l !aL !asic[wala went home. 70
Ii A^maxulal
(XVII 2) and his wife ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3) had not been mamed
|
a long time, when they had a son (XVIII 1). Then A^maxtllal sent
his four speakers—
|
Q!ek' !Enala, Hankwasogwi^lak", Hayaq !EntElat,
|
and YaqlEutEyeg'i^k"— to teU the chief of the l !aL lasiqwala,
|
Amaxagila (XVI 3), that «nax-nag-Em (XVIIll 3) had a son. 75
They arrived at the village of Amax'ag'ila (XVI 3), and at once|
|
^Em^lawise dzaqwaxs laaEl lag'aa lax GweqElise. Wa, hex'^i- 55
daEm^lawise ^nek'eda LlaLasiqwala qa x'is^edesa m5kwe sesE-
natLEsxa la ganoh'Ida qaxs ahxkMalae halabaleda LlaL lasi-
qwala ^nex"^El qa^s ^nEmal'Ide lax GweqElise. Wa, aEm'lawise
mo])!Enxwa^s xisaleda mcikwaxs laaEl kimyasE^wa. Wa, la^lae
moplEna kwexEJaso-xa dzedzaqwa. Wii, hVlae -wi^la yax-wida- 60
yowa wawalqalayas Amax'ag'ilaxa qlELlEx'sokwe q!eq!asasgEra
^naEux^una^ya LE^wa mokwe q!aq!Ek'owa LE^wa q!EL!Ets!aqe
xwaxwak!una LE^wa inox"sokwe matsasgEme ^naEnx^iina^ya LE^wa
ma^ltsogug'Eyowe k'lobawasa. Wii, la^lae Legadeda mamaq !as
Qliilade. Wii, lieEm^liiwisa ts!ek!wese LegadEs ^nawalakumegiiise. 65
Wii, heEiir'lawisa hamshamts!Ese LegadEs ^niix"q!EsElag-ilise. Wii,
he^misLeda hayiilek'ilale LegadEs Eg^aqlwala. Wii, laEin^lae g'aloLe
A^maxulalaxa ts!ets!exLEnasa LlaL lasiqwala laxeq. Wii, g'iPmese
gwiil yaqwe A^inaxulalaxs lae nii^nakweda LlaLlasiqwiila.
Wa, la^lae k- !es giila hayasEk"ale A^maxulale LE^wis gEUEme ^nax'- 70
nag'Emaxs laaEl xtingwadEx'-Itsa biibagume. Wii, hex"^idaEm^liiwise
^yiilaqe A^miixulalases mokwe ii^yilkwe Q!ek'!Enala Lo^ Hslnkwa-
sogwi^lakwe lo^ Ilayaq !EntElal l6^ YaqlEntEyeg'i^lakwe. Wii, laEm-
^lae liil nelalxa g'lgama^yasa LlaLlasiqwale Amiix'ag'iliixs 1e-
^mae xiingwadEX'^ide ^niix'nag'Emasa babagiime. Wii, liix'da^x"- 75
lae liig'aa liixa g'okiilasas Amax"&g"ila. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise
878 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
77 Qlek'lEiiala reported to Amax'ag'ila tliat ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3)
|
had a sou. After he had told the news, Chief Amax'fig'ila (XVI
| 3)
80 invited his tribe, || the ancestors of the LlaLlasiqwiihx, to come into
his liouse. And as soon as they were all in, Amax'iigila arose,
|
and reported the news that had been brought by the Gwa^sEla
I
visitoi-s, that his princess ^nax'nag'Em (XVII 3) liad a son. "And
|
therefore I have invited j'ou in, tribe! that you may treat me as
|
85 your chief. Give me your property, people, that I may give a1|
marriage gift to my son-in-law A^maxulal (XVII 2)." Thus said
|
iVinax'ag'ila (XVI 3) to his tribe. As soon as he stopped speaking,
|
they spread a mat in the rear of the house of Amax"ag'ila (XVI
| 3),
and the sea-hunters of the ancestors of the i. !aL !asiqwala went out.
|
90 It was not long before tliey came back, some bringing four sea-|I
otter skins, others three, others two. They spread them on the
|
mat on the floor. There were forty-two sea-otter skins on the
|
floor. After they had done so, the chiefs of the ancestors of the|
I
L !aL lasiqwala went out. They were not out long, before they came
95 back, bringing in four slaves and four large canoes. After they|| |
had done so, tlie conmion people went out; and they did not stay
|
away long, before they came back, bringing one hundred and
|
twenty cedar-bark blankets; and when they finished, Amax'^g'ila|
77 ts!EkMill-'Idg QlekMEnalax Amax'&g'ilas ^nax'nag'Emaxs lE^mae
xungwadasa babagume. Wil, g'lpEm^lawise gwal ts!Ek'!alElaxs
hiaEl hex-'ida^ma g'lgania^'ye Amax'ag'ihx Lelts!od hxxes g-Qlg-ikii-
SO lota g'aliisa L!aL!asiqwahx qa g'axes ^wi'laeL lax g'okwas. Wix, gU-
^Em^lawise g'ax ^wFlaeLExs laaEl Lax^ulile Amax'ag'ila qa^s ts!Ek'!a-
1-ides ts!Ek'!alEmasa bagunse Gwa^sEla, yixs lE'mac xungwadEs
k' ledele ^nax-nag'Emasa babagume. "Wix, he-'mesEu lagiia Lelts!od6l
g'okulot qa^s wag'iLos g'ag'exselal g'axEn. Wii, laEnis plEdzeLal
85 g\"ixEn, g^okiilot, qEu wiiwalqillayoxEn uEgumpae A-ma.xrdala,"
^nex'^lae Amax'ag'ilaxes g'olg-Ekiilote. Wa, gll-'Em-'hlwise q!we-
I'ed yaq!Ent!alaxs laaEl LEpIalilEma le^wa^ye laxa naqoLewalilas
g-6kwas Aniax'ag'ila. Wii, he^latla g'il hoquwElse es^'ilcwinoxwasa
g'alasa LlaLlasiqwiila. Wii, k'!cs'lat!a giilaxs g'axae aechxaqa daleda
90 waokwaxa mowe q!eq!asa loxs yuduxwae daiikwasa waokwe loxs
ma^lae daakwasa waokwe. Wii, laEm^lae LEbEdzodiilas hlxa LEbele
te^wa^ya. Wii, lae siiyakMaxsokulasa ma^la q!eq!iisa la iixela. Wii,
g'il^Em^lawisc gwalExs laaEl ogwaqa hoqiiwElse g'Igigama'yasa
g-iiliisa L!aL lasiqwala. Wii, k'!es-Em^laxaiiwise giilaxs g'iixae aeda-
95 aqa mox"^laeda q!aq!Ek-owe g-ixxeLEms. Wix, heEui'lawisa motslaqe
awa xwiixwak!iina. Wii, g'll^Em^lawise gwiilExs laaEl ^wl^la hoqii-
wElseda bebEgideda^ye. Wii, k- les^Em-laxaiiwise giihxxs g-iixae aedaa-
qa. Wii, lii'iac ma^ltsogiiglyowa k' !ek' !obawase g-iixeEEms. Wa, g'll-
^Em^lawise gwal-alilExs lae ^nek'e Amax"ag"ila qa^s la^me LE-wis
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 879
(XVI 3) said he would go with his tribe to take|i this to his son-in-law 400
A^maxulal (XVII 2) , and also a name to be the name| of his grand-
child. His name was to be PEngwid (XVIII 1). After he had
|
finished speaking, the tribe went out. They were ready to start
|
the next morning at daylight. As soon as daylight came, they
|
loaded the marriage gifts on four large || canoes. 5
|
Wlaen they were all aboard, they started from the beach with the
|
four speakers of A^maxQlal (XVII 2) ; and the ancestors of the
L !aL lasiqwala aU went. Towards evening they arrived at
| the
|
village of the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla, GweqElis; and immediately
||
Amtlx'ag'ila (XVI 3) gave as a marriage gift to his son-in-law lo
A^maxiilal (XVII 2) what was given to him by his tribe before they
|
stepped out of their canoes. As soon as Amax'ag'ila
| (XVI 3) stopped
speaking, A^maxiila} (XVII 2) invited his father-in-law and
| his
tribe to come ashore to eat in his house. And when the l !aL
| !asiqwala
were in, they were given || roasted sockeye-salmon; and after that 15
they were given dried mountain-goat meat. After they had
| eaten,
A^maxulal (XVII 2) gave away twenty sea-otter| skins to the chiefs
of the L !aL lasiqwala, and two large canoes, and sixty
] cedar-bark
blankets to the common people, and also two slaves || to the| chiefs. 20
As soon as he finished giving away to the l !aL Isiqwala,
| he also gave
g'oktilote ta5ts laxes nEgiimpe A^maxiilale. Wa, haEm^lawisa LegEme 400
cja LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa, laEm^lae LegadLEs Pfingwide. Wa,
g-ipEm^lawise gwalExs laaEl hoquwElse g'okulotas qa^s xwanal-ide
qa^s wiig'il gax'^idElxa gaalaLax laLa ^nax'^IdEl. Wa, gil-Em^lawise
^na^nakulaxs lae moxsalasa wawalqalay5Le laxa mots!ac|e iiwa
xwaxwak !una. 5
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wI^lxsExs lae ^nEmax'^idaEm LEx^ed LE^wa
mokwe a^yllx^s A^maxiilale. Wa, laEm^lae ^wi^lxsa g'alasa L!aL!a-
siqwSla. Wa, k' !es^Em-lawise Lala qa^s dzaqwaxs lae lilg'aa lax
g-6x"dEmsasa g'iila Gwa^sEla lax GweqElise. Wit, hex'^idaEm^lawise
wawalqiile Amax'ag'ilas pIsdzeLEmases g'okulote laxes nEgiimpe 10
A^maxulalaxs k'!es-mae hox^wiilta laxes yae^yatsle. Wit, g'll-Em-
^lawise gwal yaq !Ent!ale Amax^ag'ilaxs laa^lae A^maxulale Lelwultod-
xes nEgumpe LE^wis g'okulote qa las LlExwa lax g'okwas. Wii,
g'il^Em^lawise g'ax ^wFlaeLeda LlaLlasiqwaUixs lae LlExwIlayuwasa
LlobEkwe niElek'. Wa,la^laeheleg'lndayowedaxilkwe^mEl^mElq!Ege 15
laq. Wii, g'ipEm^hlwise gwal LlExwaxs lae A^maxiilale yax^witsa
ma^ltsokwe q!eq!asa laxa g'ig'Eg&ma^yasa L!aL lasiqwala LE^wa ma^I-
ts !aqe ftwa xwaxwSk !una. Wii, heEm^liiwisa q !el lEx'sokwe k' !ek' !o-
bawasa hlxa bebEgulIda^ye. Wii, he^Ein^lawisa ma^lokwe q !aq lEk'o
laxaaxa g'ig'Egama^ye. Wii, g'il-'Em'lawise gwal yaqwaxa LlaLlasi- 20
qw&liixs laaEl ogwaqa yax^witsa ma^sokwe q!eq!asa la-laxa g"ig'E-
880 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 33
22 away twenty sea-otter skins to the chiefs of the Gwa^sEla, and sixty
|
cedar-bark blankets to the common people, and two large canoes to
|
the chiefs, and two slaves, since A^maxiilal (XVII 2) had planned| ||
25 that he wanted to give one-half of wliat he had received as a marriage
gift to the L!aL!asiqwala, and one-half to the Gwa^sEla— forty sea-
|
otter skins and one hundred and twenty cedar-bark blankets, four
|
large canoes, and four slaves, on account of the highness of the
|
name of his prince PEngwid (XVIII 1). Now night came, and he had
|
30 finished giving away. || At dajdight in the morning the l !aL !asiqwala
went home.
|
Wlien PEngwid (XVIII 1) grew up, he married Lax'SElelEmga|
(XVIII 2), the princess of the chief (XVII 4) of the numaym Tslets!-
EmeleqEla of the Nak Iwax'da^x", who lived in the village Teguxste^.
|
|
PEngwid (XVIII 1) and Lax' sElelEmga (XVIII 2) had not been
35 married long, when had a|1 they son. And as soon as HaqElal
(XVII 4) learned that his princess had a son, he called his tribe,
|
and he told them that he would give a marriage gift to his son-in-
|
law. He did not tell his tribe the amount that he wanted to give
j
as a marriage gift, HaqElal (XVII 4) said only that he wanted his|
40 tribe to go with him. As soon as || he finished his speech, they went
out of the house. They got ready, and early in the morning they
|
loaded their canoes. When they were loaded, they left, and in
| |
22 g&ma^yasa Gwa^sEla LE^wa q!EL!EX*s6kwe k'!ek'!obawasa laxa bebE-
giileda^ye LE^wa ma'lts!aqe iiwk xwiixwakluna laxa g"ig"Egama^ye
'LE^wa ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek"owa la^lax gwalaasas naqa^yas A^maxQla-
25 laxs ^nek"ae cja's a^mes naxsaap!eda iJaL!asiqwiila LE-wa Gwa^sEliixa
wawalqiilayuwa mox"sokwe q!eq!asa LEHva ma^ltsogiigEyowe k"!e-
kMobawasa LE^wa m6ts!aqe awa xwaxwakluna LEHva mokwe q!a-
f[ lEk'owa qa 5^may6s LegEmases LawElgama^ye Pfiugwide. Wa,
hiEm-lawise ganol-ida laa^las gwal yaqwa. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise ^nax'-
30 -idxa gaalaxs lae nii-nakweda L!aL!asiciwala.
Wa, g'll^Eui^lawise qlwax^ede PEugwidaxs laaEl gEg'adEx'ndEs
Lax'SElelEmga k'!edelas g'lgama'yasa 'nEnnemotasaTs!ets!EmeleqE-
lasa Nilklwax'da'xwe, yixs hiiaEl g'okiile Tegiixsta^ya Nak!wax"da-
^xwe. Wa, k' !es^lat !a giila hayasEk'alaxs PEngwide lo^ Lax'SElelEm-
35 giixs lae xungwadEx'^itsa babagume. Wil, g'il^Em^lawise q !ale HiiqE-
lalaxes kMedclaxs lE-mae xungwada, laaEl Le-lalaxes g^okulote. Wii,
la^lae nelaxs wawalqiillLaxes iiEgiimpe. Wa, laEm^lae k' Its nehixes
g'okulotas ^waxaasases wawalqiilayoLe, yixs lex'a^mae waklEms Ha-
qElales -nek-!ena^ye qa liis^wFlcs g-okidotelaxsEq. Wil, g'tl-'Em^lawise
40 gwale waldEmasexs lae ^wi^la hoquwEls lax g'okwas qa^s xwanal^ide.
Wii, g'il^Em-lawise ^nax'^idxa gaalaxs laaEl moxsaxes yaeyatsIeLe
xwaxwakluna. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise ^wilxsa laaEl LEx^eda. Wa, laEm-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 881
the evening they arrived at GweqEhs. Immediately the marriage 44|
gift for his son-in-law Psngwid (XVIII 1) was unloaded. He did
not give away the marriage gift in the evening, but he gave it away 45II
in the morning— six slaves, four canoes, twenty black-bear
| |
blankets, forty mink blankets, two hundred cedar-bark blankets,
|
and a name for his son-in-law PEngwid (XVIII 1). Now his ||
I
name was TlatlEudzid (XVIII 1); and he also gave as a marriage 50
gift the name K-imged (XIX 1), to the child of PEng-wid (XVIII| 1)
and of his wife Lax' sElelsmga (XVIII 2) . After they had given the
|
marriage gift, T!at!Endzid (XVIII 1) gave away three slaves and
|
two canoes and ten black-bear blankets to the chiefs of the
| ||
Nak !wax' da^x" ; and he gave twenty mink blankets and one hun- 55
|
dred cedar-bark blankets to the common people of the Naklwax'-
da^x"; and he gave thi"ee slaves and two J canoes and ten black-I
bear blankets to the chiefs of the Gwa^sEla; and he gave twenty
|
mink-skin blankets || and one hundred cedar-bark blankets to the 60
common people. Now the name of the son of T !at lEndzid (XVIII
| 1)
was K'lmged (XIX 1). As soon as he had given away the property,
|
the Nak !wax' da^x" went home.
|
When K'imged (XIX 1) was grown up, he married Llaqwal
(XIX 2), the princess of Hayogwis (XVIII 3), who was chief of
I
^lawise dzaqwaxs laaEl lag'aa lax GweqElise. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise 43
moltala ^wHases wawalqalayuLaxes nEgiimpe PEngwide. Wa,k'!es-
^lat!a wawalqiilaxa dzaqwa, al^Em^lae wawalqalaxa la ^nax'^idxa 45
gaaliisa qlELlakwe q!aq!Ek'owa LE^wa motslaqe xwaxwakluna LE^wa
ma^sokwe LlEnLlEntsEme ^naEnx^iina-ya LE^wa mox"s6kwe matsas-
gEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa ma^lp lEuyag'e k' !ek' lobawasa. Wii, heEm-
^lawisa LegEme qa LegEmses nEgiimpe PEngwide. Wa, laEm^lae
LegadEs T!at!EndzIde. Wii, hVlaxae LegEmg'ElxLalax Kimgede qa 50
LegEms xunokwas PEngwide LE-'wis gEUEme Lax'sElelEmga. Wii,
g'll^Em^lilwise gwala wiiwaiqiilaxs lae hex'-idaEm^lae T !iLt !Endzide
yax^witsa yudukwe q!iiq!Ek'o LE^wa ma^ltslaqe xwaxwak!iina
LE'wa lastowe L'.EnLlEntsEine ^naEux^iinii lax g'ig'Egama^yasa Na-
k !wax'da^xwe. Wii, la^Iae yiix^witsa ma^ltsokwe matsasgEm ^naEnx^- 55
une LE^wa liiklEnde k'!ek'!obawas laxa bEgiillda^yasa Naklwax'da-
-xwe. Wii, lil^lae yax^witsa yiidukwe q!aq!Ek'6 LE^wa ma^ltslaqe
xwaxwakluna LE^wa lastowe LlEULlEntsEm ^naEnx^Qna^ya laxa
g'lg'Egama^yasa Gwa^sEla. Wii, la^lae yiix^wltsa ma^ltsokwc matsas-
gEm ^naEnx^iina^ya LE^wa lak' JEnde k' !ek' lobawas liixa bEgulida^ye. 60
Wa, laEm^lae Legade babagiime xunox"s TIatlEndzidiis K-imgede
laxeq. Wa, g'il^mese gwal yiiqwaxslae nii^nakweda Nakiwax'da^xwe.
Wa, g'iPmese qlwiix^Ide Kimgediixs lae gEg'adEx-'Its LJiiqwiile
yix k' ledelas Hayogwise ytxs g'igama^yae Hay5gwisasa ^uE^memo-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 7
882 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii.ann. 35
65 the numa_>Tn SisEnL !e^ of the Naklwax'da^x". Now, the wliiteII
men had come to live at Fort Rupert. That is the reason why ten
|
woolen blankets and one hundred cedar-bark blankets were given
|
as a marriage gift. K'imged (XIX 1) and his wife i. !aqwal (XIX
| 2)
had not been married long, when my mother gave birth to twins.
|
70 One was a boy, the other a girl. || As soon as HSyogwis (XVIII 3)
knew that his princess had given birth to twins, he and his numaym,
|
the SlsEUL !e^, made ready to give a marriage gift to his son-in-law
|
Kimged (XIX 1) at Geg"aqe, for now the Gwa^sEla had left Gwe-
qElis. They launched eight canoes, and loaded them with twenty
|
I
75 woolen blankets, and forty mountain-goat || blankets, two hundred
cedar-bark blankets, and four slaves; and after they had loaded
|
them, they left Sagumbala—for that is where the SiSEULle^of the
|
Nak!wax'da^x" lived —and it was not yet quite evening when they
|
arrived at Geg'iiqe. Immediately Cliief Hayogwis (X\TII 3) gave|
80 as a marriage gift twenty woolen blankets, forty mountain-goat||
|
blankets, and two hundred cedar-bark blankets, and the four slaves,
|
and also the eight canoes, and a name for K'imged (XIX 1). Now
|
his name was Yax'LEn (XIX 1), and also K' ladalag'ihs (XX 1) for|
85 the name of his son, and || l !aL lEqwasila (XX 2) for the name of his
daugliter, the twin-children. After Hayogwis (XVIII 3) had
|
65 tasa SisEnLla^yasa Nilklwax'da^xwe. Wit, g"ax^ma mamala g'ox-
^wales laxTsaxise. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas lastowa plElxElasgEme LE^wa
lak'lEude kMekMobawas qadzeLEma. Wii, k'!est!a gala hayasEk'ale
K'imgede LE^wis gEUEme iJaqwiilaxs lae yikwelEn abEmpwiila. Wa,
la^me babagume ^nEmokwe. Wa, lii ts!ats!adagEma ^nsmokwe.
70 Wa, g'il^mese q!ale Hayogwisaxes k'ledelaxs 3ikwilae, lae hex"^idaEm
xwanaKda LE^wis ^nE^meniotaxa SisEULla^ye qa^s la wawalqalaxes
nEgumpe Kimgede lax (jeg'aqe qaxs lE^mae baweda Gwa^sEliis Gwe-
qslise. Wii, lil wi-x"stEndxa ma'lgiiualtslaqe xwiixwiikluua qa-s
moxsesa ma'itsokwe p lElxElasgEme LE^wa mox"sokwe ^mfilxLosgEm
75 ^naEnxH-iua-'ya LE-wa malp!Enyag'e k' !ek' !obawasa. Wii, he^misa
mokwe q!aq!Ek"owa. Wii, g'il^mese gwiil moxsElaxs lae alex^wida
yixs hiie Siigumbfda g'okiilatsa ^nE^memotasa SIseul la^yasa Na-
k!wax"da^xwe. Wii, k'!es-mese Lala qa-s dziiqwexs lae lag'aa lax
Geg'iiqe. Wa, hex'ida'mesa gugamii'ye Hayogwise wiiwalqiilasa
80 nia-ltsokwe plEbcElasgEm LE^wa m6x"sokwe ^mElxLosgEm ^naEnx-
^una^ya LE'wa ma^lplEoyag'e k!ek'!obawasa LE^wa mokwe q!siq!E-
k'owa; wii, he-misLeda ma^'lguuahslaqe xwiixwak!una; wii, he^misa
LegEme qa LegEms Kimgede. Wa, laEm LegadEs YaxxEne. Wii,
he^mis KMadalagllise qa LegEms bEgwauEme xun6x"s. Wii, he^mis
85 LlaLlEqwiisila qa LegEms tslEdaqe xuno.\"sxa yikwFlEme. Wii, g'il-
'mese gwal yaqlEntlale Hfiyogwisaxs lae K'imgede Lelwiiltodxes
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 883
spoken, K'imged (XIX 1) invited his father-in-law Hayogwis
| 87
(XVIII 3), and his crew, into his house; and when they came in
with the marriage gift, tliey wore given to eat dried mountain-goat
I
meat; and after tiiey had eaten, they gave away four canoes,
| || two 90
slaves, and ten woolen blanliets, to tlie cliiefs of the Naklwax'da^x",
|
and the same number to tlie chiefs of the Gwa^sEla; and he gave
|
one hundred cedar-bark blankets and forty mountain-goat skin
|
blankets to the common people of the Nak !wax'da^x" and Gwa^sEla.
|
When dayhght came in the morning, || Hayogwis (XVIII 3) and liis 95
crew went home.
|
As soon as K' l^dalag'ilis (XX 1), the prince of Yax'LEn (XIX| 1),
grew up to be a man, lie married K !wak Iwabalas (XX 3), the princess
of YaqalEnUs (XIX 3), the chief of the numaym NaEusx'a of the
I
NaqEmg'ilisEla. They had a son; and Cliief || YaqalEiilis| (XIX 3) 500
gave the expensive copper Long-Top to his son-in-law K' !adalag'i-
|
lis (XX 1) ; and he gave him in marriage the name P ladzEse ^maxwa
(XXI 1) as the name for his grandson. Then PladzEse| ^maxwa
(XXI 1) sold Long-Top, which was bought by Anx^ved of| the
Lawetsles for nine thousand woolen blankets; and these
| were
given away by PladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) || to all the tribes. And 5
when PladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) was a middle-aged man, he mar-
I
ried MElned (XXI 2), the princess of Sewid (XX chief of the
| 4),
nEgOmpe Hayogwise LE^wis k!weme. Wa, g'iPmese ^wiloltH LE^wa §7
wawalqalayo, lae L'.ExwIlayoweda xilkwe ^mEl^mEkjEge laq. Wa,
g'iPmese gwal LlExwaxs lae yax^widayoweda mots!aqe xwaxwakluna
LE^wa ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek'o LE^wa lastowe plElxElasgEm laxa g'ig'E- gg
gama^yasa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wii, heEmxaawise ^waxa lax g'lg'Ega-
ma^yasa Gwa^sEla. Wii, lalak'lEnde k' !ek" lobawas LE^wa mo-x^sokwe
^me^mEbcLosgEm ^naEnxHlne^ yax^widayos laxa bebEgulida^yasa
Naklwax'da^xwe LE'wa Gwa^sEla. Wa, gll'mese ^nax'^Idxa gaaliixs
lae na^nakwe Hayogwise LE^'wis k!weme. g^
Wii, g'll^mese uExLaiix-^Id bEgwauEme KMadalagilisaxs yix La-
wElgiima^yas YaxLEne lae gEg'adEX'^its K!wrdv!wabalas liix kledelas
YaqalEnlis g'Tgama^yasa ^uE^memotasa NaEnsx'iisa NaqEmg-fli-
sala. Wii, lii xungwadEx'^Itsa babagtime. Wii, he^misa g'lgama^ye
YaqalEnlise sEplets Gilg'atowexa qlEyoxwe L!iiqwa laxes riEgumpe '^qq
K- !adalag11ise. Wii, lii LegEmg'ElxLiilax PladzEse ^miixwa qa LegEm-
ses ts!ox"LEma. Wit, la-me P!adzEse ^miixwa laxodEx G-ilg-atowe.
Wa, lii k'llxwaso^s Anx^wediisa Lawets!esasa ^nii^nEmiiplEX'^id lox-
sEmx'^Id plElxElasgEma. Wii, he-mis la ^miix-widayos P!iidzEse
^maxwa laxwa hamateliix lelqwiilaLa^ya. Wii, gll^mese nEXLaax'^id ^'•
la bEgwiiuEme P!adzEse ^miixwa lae gEg-adEx'-'its MElnede k'ledelas
Sewide, g'igama^yasa ^iiE^memote G-ig'ilgainasa Gwa^sEla. Wit,
884 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.35
8 numaym G'lg'ilgam of the Gwa^sEla. PladzEse ^maxwa (XXI| 1)
and his wife MEhied (XXI 2) were not married long, when they had
|
10 a daughter. Then Sewid (XX 4) gave as a marriage gift valu-]| the
able copper Sea-Lion, and the name Llaqwaga (XXII 1) to be the
|
name of the daughter of his princess Mfilned (XXI 2) . And l laqwaga
(XXII 1), although she was a woman, gave away what was paid
I
by the chief of the numaym Ts!ets!Emelcqala of the Naklwax"-|
da^x"—seven thousand woolen blankets—for HaqElal had bought
|
15 the copper Sea-Lion. Now, |1 Llaqwaga (XXII 1) gave away seven
thousand woolen blankets to the tribes.
|
|
When Llaqwaga (XXII 1) was old enough, she married Hewak'E-|
hs (XXII 2), chief of the numaym TsletslEmeleqala of the Na-|
20 klwax'da^x", and Llaqwaga (XXII 1) had a son. Then || Hewak"Ehs
(XXII 2) gave a name to the child, and he named him GwEyos-|
dedzas (XXIII 1). The reason why P ladzEse ^maxwa (XXI 1) did
not give a name to his grandson was because he was angry with his
I
princess because she married Hewak'Ehs (XXII 2), for he was not
|
really a chief from his ancestors. Therefore Hewak'Elis (XXII 2)
|
25 himself gave a name to the || son of Llaqwaga (XXII 1). GwEyos-
dedzas (XXIII 1) is now three years old.
|
|
Now, I really began at the very end of our ancestors with the
|
whale, YaqalEulis (II 1), and came down to GwEyosdedzas —the|
8 k'!et!a gala hayasEk'ale P ladzEse ^maxwa LE^wis gEnEme MElnedaxs
lae xungwadEX'-itsa ts!ats!adagEme. Wii, la Sewide sEpIets Mawa-
10 k'laxa q'.Eyoxwe L'.aqwa. Wa, lii LegEmg'ElxLalax Llaqwaga qa Le-
gEms tslfidaqe xiinox"ses k!edele MElnede. Wii, laEmxae Llaqwaga
wax--mae tslEdaqa^max^wits k'U-'wayasa g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa
TsIetslEraeleqaliisa Naklwax'da'xwa aLEboplEnx'^Id loxsEmx'^Id
plElxElasgEma yixs hae HaqElale k'ilxwax MawakMa. Wit, la^me
15 Lliiqwaga ^max^witsa aLEbSplEiix'^lde ISxsEmx'^id plElxElasgEm
lilxwa hamalEliix lelqwalaLa^ya.
Wa, g'il^mese helak" !ox-wide Llaqwagaxs lae lawadEX'^its He-
wak'Elise, g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa TsletslEmelEqalasa Naklwax'-
da^xwe. Wii, la xungwadEX'-lde Llaqwagiisa biibagilme. Wii, he-
20 ^mise Hewak'Elise Leqela qa LegEmses xunSkwe. Wa, la^me Lex^e-
dEs GwEyosdedzase laxes xunokwe. He lag'ilas P !adzEs ^miixwa k' !es
he Leqela qa LegEmses ts !ox"LEraiixs waneqaases k'ledelaxs lae la^wa-
dES Hewiik'Elisaxs k' iesae alaEm g'Ig3,ma-'yes wlwompwula. Wa,
he^mis hig'ilas he^me Hewiik'Elise Leqela qa LegEmses habagiime
25 xiinok" lax Llaqwaga, yixs hij-'mae ales yuduxunxek'Ele GwEyosde-
dzase.
Wa, la^mEn alak' !fda g-abEndxEn qwesbalisa g'alasEnu^x" fiwa-
n&^ya gwE^yime, yLx YaqalEnlise g'iixaLEla lax GwEyosdedzase
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 885
son of Llaqwaga and there are twenty-three men, beginning with || 30
YaqalEnlis, coming down to GwEyosdedzas (XXIII 1). I did not
|
mention that all of them had two or three wives, and some had four
|
wives, and a great many children, and the younger brothers and
|
sisters of those whom I have named. Now, this great matter is at
an end.
|
Wail of l!al!aqol, a NakIwax'da^x" Woman
Hana hana he! Now I think of my master L!aL!aqoli%k", my 1|
dear one, the chief at the beginning of the world.
|
Hana hana he! Now I'll tell the history of my house, beginning,
with the first chief of my numaym, ^walas, who had for their chief
|
my ancestor, who came from the first Liaqwagila. 5
||
|
Hana hana he! Hele^stes went spouting around our world, and
|
he went into Blunden Harbor; and he went ashore from his travel-
|
ing-canoe. Killer-Whale-Mask ; and he Uked the place because it had
a good sandy beach. And now my ancestors had for their chief
|
Hele^stes. He built a house with four platforms ; and when he had 10|| |
finished his house, a canoe came in sight with four persons aboard.
|
Hele^stes went to meet them, and he called the visitors ashore.|
Then my ancestor Hele^stes gave his visitors seal to eat. When
|
they had eaten, Hele^stes spoke, and asked for the name of his 15|| |
xtinokwas L!akwaga Ux ha^yudEX'alax'^idaes bEgwanEma g'ag'ELEla
lax YaqalEnlise g'axaLEla lax GwEyosdedzase. Wii, laxaEn k'!es .30
gwagwexs^ala lax ^naxwaene^mas maema^lel loxs yudukwae loxs
maemokwae gEgEnEniasEii gugaaniVye L5dzek'ases sasEme ylx ts!a-
ts!a^yasEn la LeLEqElasE^wa. Wa, ladzek'as'mox laba.
Lagwalemas l!al!aqolxa' NakIwaaxseme
Hana hana he; lak"asq!amaegin g'ax g'Ig"aex^edxEn q!agwid5}ae 1
L!aL!aqoli^lakwa adaxEn g'lk'axaledzEma laxo ^nalax.
Hana hana he; lak"as-mesEn nEwelaltsEg"in g'alE:iig'alisEk' g'iqa-
g'iwa^yasEn ^nE^memotaxa ^walase, yik'asExs g'lgadaasEn ompexa
g'ayae laxa g'alii Llaqwag'ila. 5
Hana hana he; g-axk'asae L laltse^stallsEle Hele^stes laxo a^wistax-
sEns ^nalax. Wii, lak'ase lats!a lak'asEx Baase qak'ats laltawe
lak'asxes ya^yats!es maxEmle. Wii, lak'ase iiwElx^edqexs ek'aes
awlnagwise. Wii, liik'as^mEn g"ilg"alise g'lqag'iwa^ye Hele^stes
g'okwelaxa moxwidaxallle dzoyagsk" g"5kwa. Wa, g'ilk"as^mese 10
gwala g'okwe g'ilxk'asae tex^wide sexwa xwaxwaguma mokwe
kWdzExse lak'asEq. Wii, lak'ase Hele^stese lalalaq. Wii, lak'ase
Lelwuitodxe bagunse. Wii, Itvk'as^mEn g'lqag'iwa^ye Hele^stese
L!Exwelase megwate liik'asxes biigunse. Wii, g'ilk'as^mese gwala
LlExwa lak'asae yaq!Eg'a^le Hele^stese qak'ats wuiek'asex LegjEmases 15
' LlaLlaqoL.
886 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
16 visitor; and the visitor replied, and said, "I am ^jak'Ewas, and my|
tribe are the G"Ig"ilgS,m, and I Hve in the village Xoqwaes with my
|
tribe and this woman Ts lalalllanaga, the princess of Yax'LEn, is
; |
20 my wife. |1 Yax'LEn is the chief of tlie Ts!ets!Emeleqala. And this |
is my prince Ts!§,lag'ilis, and my princess is TsIalahlHak"." Thus|
said ^yak'Ewas. And then ^yak'Ewas asked the man where he|
came down from. And then the man said, "I am Hele^stes. I|
25 go spouting around |1 our world. I am Llaqwag'ila, the prince of the
chief of the Killer-Wli ales, Halxsiwalis, Now, I wish to become a
|
I
real man in this place, and I built my house at Bhiuden Harbor."
Thus said Hele^stes. And Llaqwag'ila is my ancestral chief, the
j |
root of the chiefs of the numaym ^walas, and he is my ancestral ||
30 chief.
|
Hana hana he, ahana hana! O Great-One! the great one who
came down is my lord Llaqwag'ila, who took for his wife the prin-
|
cess of Lord ^yak'Ewas, Ts!alalili^lak". And the lord had a child,]
I
3-5 YaqEwe^las, the prince of Lord Llaqwag'ila. || And now Lord
^yak'Ewas gave as a marriage gift six canoes; for, indeed. Lord
|
^yak'Ewas had obtained as a supernatural treasure the Grouse, the
canoe-maker; and therefore he, the only first one to give away
|
16 bagOnse. Wa, lak'ase na^naxma^yeda bagiinsaq, wa lak'ase ^nek'a:
"Nogwak'as^Em ^yak'Ewasa. Wii, lak'ase G'Ig'ilg&mx'LEn g'okulote,
yik'asg'in hek'asek' g'okule Xoqwaese LokwasEn g'okiilote. Wa,
yokwas^mes k' !edelk'ats Yax'LEnox Ts !alalilanagaxxEn gEUEmkasex,
20 yikasExs g'igaraa^yae Yax'LEuasa TsetslEmeleqftla. Wa, ySkwas-
^mese LEWElgamayox Ts!alag'ilisex. Wii, lak'asEnk'IedadEsoxTsla-
lalilFlakwex," ^nek'ase ^yak'Ewase. Wa, lak'ase ogwaqa wuLe ^ya-
k'Ewasaxa bEgwanEme lak'asEX g'ayEmaxaask'asas. Wa, lak'asa
bEgwanEme ^nek'asa: "Nogwak'as Hele^stesa Llaltse-stallsElaxwa
25 awPstaxsEns ^nalax. NogwaEm Llaqwag'ila LEWElgames g'igama-
^yasa max^enoxwe Halxsiwalisa. Wa, hlk'asEn ^nek'as qEn g'axk'ase
baxus^id lak'asxEn lalcasex g'okulasaxox Baasex," -'nekase Hele-stes.
Wa, okwas-mesEn g'iqag'Iwa^ye Llaqwag'ila yilcasxEn glgaana-
^5^axg'in ^nE^memoteg'asa ^walase, wa, yokwas^msn g'lg'Eqag'i-
30 wa^yox.
Hana hana he, ahana hana adzehesa ^walasaxaledzex'deya; wiile
ada^ya Llaqwag'iladzeyolaxs layola gEgadEx'^ldEs k'!edehvfllas
ada^ya ^yak'Ewase Ts'.alalilFlakwa ada. Wa, lak'ase xQngwadE-
x'^ide ada^yas YiiqEwe^lasexa LEwfllga,ma^yas ada^ye Llaqwag'ila.
35 Wa, lak'as'me ada^ya ^yak'Ewase qotex'^Its q!EL!Ets!aqe xwaxwa-
k!una qaLaxs Logwalae ada-ya ^yak'Ewasaxe miig'ag'u Leqaxe xwa-
xwS,k!una. Wa, yokwas-mes lag'ilas lex'aEm g'llk'as sak'axodEu
g'lqag'Iwa^ye Llaqwag'iliixa xwaxwakluna. Wii, k'!esk'ase alaEm
.
BOAsJ FAMILY HISTORIES 887
canoes, was ray ancestral chief. And it was not long before Lord
| |
YaqEwe^las was grown up. Then ho married || Msnledaas, the 40
princess of Lord MElnasEine', chief of the numaym Q!omk" !ut!ES
|
of the Gwa^sEla. And the lord did not live long with his wife,
|
when Lord YaqEwe^las had a son; and Lord MElnasEme^ gave a;s a
|
marriage gift four large canoes, and four slaves, and six grizzly- 45
| ||
bear blankets, and twenty mountain-goat blankets, and one hun-
|
dred cedar-bark blankets. And he gave to my pride the name
|
MElnedzas. And he gave in marriage this name to the prince of
|
Lord YjiqEwe^las. And now Lord YaqEwe^las gave away the
|
marriage gift of Lord MElnasEme^ || to the ancestors of the Na- 50
klwax'da^x" and Gwa^sEla, who lived in a village inside of NEgeL.
|
|
Hana hana he! This is my pride, the names of the root of my
|
family, for all my ancestral chiefs gave away property.
|
Hana hana he, ahana hana ! O Great-One who came down, || my 55
lord YiiqEwe^las! my lord MElnedzas gave away property to the
|
Nak !wax' da^x" and to the Gwa^sEla. And my lord MElnedzas
|
gave away the four canoes, and four slaves, six grizzly-bear blan-
|
kets, twenty mountain-goat blankets, and II one hundred cedar- 60
I
bark blankets, which my lord Mshiedzas obtained from his father-in-
|
galaxs lak"asae nEXLaax'^Ide ada^ya YaqEwe^lase, lak'asae gEg'adE- 4C
x'^idEs MEnledaasc k' !edelas ada^'ya MElnasEma'ye g'Tgama^yasa
^nE^memotasa Q!omk'!ut!Esasa Gwa^sEla. Wii, kMesk'ase ada^ya
gala hayasEk'Slaxs lak"asae ada^ya YaqEwe^lase xungwadEx'^itse
babagflme. Wa, lak'ase ada^ya MElnasEma^ye qote.x'^Itsa motslaqe
awa xwaxwakliina Lokwasa mokwe q!aq!Ek'owa Lokwasa q!EL!a 45
g"ig'ilasgEm ^naEnx^una^ya Lokwasa ma^ltsokwe ^me^mElxLosgEm
^naEnx^iina^ya i^okwasa lak'lEnde kMekiobawasa. Wa, yokwas^me-
sEn ^yalaqalayox LegEmox MElnedzas. Wii, lak'as^me LegEmg'ElxLe
qak'as LegEmsa LEWElgama^yas ada^ya YaqEwe^lase. Wa, lak'as-
^me ada^ya YaqEwe^lase ^max^widk'atse qotena^yas ada^ya MElna- 50
sEma^ye lak'asEx g^alasa Nak!wax-da^xwe Lokwasa Gwa^sElaxs
hek'asae g'okiile oxLiilesk'asas NEgeLe.
Hana hana he, yokwas^meg'tn =yalaqala yiiwox LCLEgEmaxsEn
awana^yexa ^naxwak'as-mola ^max^widaxEn g'lg'Eqag'iwa^ya.
Hana hana he, ahana hana.adzehesa ^walasaxaledzex'deya wale 55
ada^ya YaqEwe^Iadzeyola wale ada-ya MElnedzadzeyolaxes layola
^memax^wideaxa Nak!wax'da^x"La^ya l6' Gwa^sEla layole ada^ya MeI-
nedzadzeyola ^max^wideasa motslaxdzeyola sesag'ilme Lokwase
mox"dzeyola q!aq!Ek'6 Lokwase qlELla uEnsgEm ^naEnx^ima^ya Lo-
kwasa ma^ltsokwe ^me^mElxLosgEm ^naEnx^ftna^ya Lokwasa la- 60
k'lEnde kMekMobawasa. Wa, yokwas^Em g'ayanEms ada^ya MElne-
dzadzeyola lak"asxes uEgumpdzeyolae ada^ya MElnasEmadzeyolaxs
888 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH.iNN.n5
62 law MElnasEme-'. And my great lord MElnedzas grew quicklj- to
| |
be called chief. Then my lord MElnedzas grew up and married|
65 ^nalasgEm, the princess of Q !omox''sala, || chief of the numaym
G'exsEm of the ancestors of the l !aL lasiqwala. And then my lord|
MElnedzas, and his wife ^nalasgEm, had a son. And my lord|
Q!omox"sala gave as a marriage gift twenty sea-otter blankets, |
|
70 ten black-bear skin blankets, six slaves, four canoes, and one hun-||
dred and twenty cedar-bark blankets; and he also gave as a mar-|
riage gift forty seals as food to go with it, and the sea-otter-house-
I
dish, the killer house-dish, and the wolf house-dish, and also the
|
I
75 seal house-dish, and the name QIumx'Elag'ilis to be the name|| of the
child of MElnedzas, for the potlatch to be given at the time of the
marriage; and he also gave him the name Kwakux'alas for a feast
|
name, when he was to give a feast with the forty seals which were
|
given as a marriage gift to him by his father-in-law Q!6mox"sala.|
And then my lord Q !umx' slag' ilis gave away the marriage gift to
|
ho ancestors of the l !aL lasiqwSla, and also the ancestors of myll
.hbc, the Nak!wax'da^x"; and my lord Kwakiix' <\las gave with the|
property forty seals in the house-dishes. Now, there were two
| |
names given in marriage—Qlumx'Elag'ihs, and the feast name |
Kwakux'alas. ||
62 layola ada^ya MElnedzadzeyola q!waq!waxEyak-as lak-asEq qak'ats
hal6L!exe g-igamexxa. Wa, lak'ase ada^ya MElnedzase UEXLaax'^ida
lakasae gEg'adEx--idk'ats 'nalasgEme kMedelas Q!omox"sala yik-asEx
65 gugama^yasa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa g'alk'asasa L!aL!asiqwala.
Wa, lak-ase ada^ya MElnedzas Lokwases gEUEme ada^ya ^nalasgEme
xungwadEx'idk-atse babagiimk-ase. Wa, lak'ase ada^ya Q!omox"-
sala wawalqalase ma^sokwe q!eq!asasgEm ^naEnx^iina^ya Lokwase
la^stowe LlEnLlEntsEm ^naEnx^una^ya Lokwase q!EL!okwe q!aq!E-
70 k'owa Lokwase motslaqe xwaxwak!una Lokwase ma^ltsogug'Eyowe
k'lekMobawasa. Wa, hek-as^mes wawadzolEmse mosgEmg'ustowe
niegwata ha^mayaaxsa^ya. Wa, hek-as^mesa q!asa loqulila Lokwasa
max-'enoxwe loqulila Lokwasa aLauEme loqiiliia; wa, hek'as^'mesa
megwate loqulila. Wa, hek-as-'mesa LegEme QIumx-ElagHise qa
75 LegEmse xiinokwas MElnedzase qak'ases p!Ets!eneLasa wawalqiilayo.
Wii, lak-ase LegEmg-ELxLalax Kwakux-alase qak'as LegEms qak'aso
k!welas-idk-atse mosgEmg-ustawe megwataxa wawalqalayuwe la-
k"asEq, yik'atses nEgiimpe Q!omox"sala. Wa, lak'as^mese ada^ya
Q!umxElagilidzey5la ^max-'widk'atse wawalqalayo lak'asxe g'alase
80 L!aL lasiqwala Lokwase g'alk'asasEn g-okiilota Nak!waxda-'xwe. Wa,
lak'as^me yaqwag'lllla lak-asae ada-'ya Kwakux-alase ada^ya loxts !6d-
k-atse mosgEmg-ustawe megwata. Wa, lak'as-me ma^ltsEmg-aaLE-
le LegEmgElxLa'ye yik-asEx Q!umx-Elag-ilise Lokwase klweladzEx-
Layok'ase Kwakux-alase.
nOAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 889
Hana hana he ; ahaaa hana ! O Great-One who came down ! my 85
|
lord Llaqwag'ila, my lord YaqEwe^las, my lord MElnedzas, and my
|
lord Q!iimx"Elag ilis, they all gave away much property, and all
|
gave feasts, and my ancestral chiefs gave dances.
| |I
Ha ha hana hana he; ahana hana! Therefore I feel like laughing 90
at the words of the people imder me, on account of my ancestral
I
chiefs, for they stole the names of my ancestral chiefs, the roots of
|
my nuniaym. Ha a ! for who dares to use my names, the names
|
left by my ancestors ?
|
Hana hana he; ahana hana! Great-One who came down! my
||
lord, whose own name was Q!umx' Flag" His, he married
| L!a- 95
qwag'ilayugwa, princess of Q lEyokwetElasogwi^lak", my lord the
|
head chief of the great numaym QaqEwadiliq3la of the DzawadE-
|
enox". Q !EyokwetElas6gwi^lak", my lord, lived at Gwa^ye. 100|| And
I
Q!umx'Elag'ihs and his wife had not been married long, when they
|
had a son. And immediately Q!EyokwetElasogwi%k", my lord,
|
got ready to give his marriage gift to his son-in-law Q !umx"Elag'ilis,
|
my lord. And he bought the great copper Cause-of-Quarrel for
|
the mast of his canoe; and for the place
II of his princess L!aqwa- 5
g'ila3rugwa to sit in, six shovel-nosed canoes, and four slaves
| for|
bailing out the canoes; and the blankets to be worn by his princess
|
Hana hana he; ahana hana, adzehesa ^walasaxaledzex'deya wale 85
ada^ya L!aqwag'iladzeyola wale ada^ya YaqEwe^ladzeyola wale
ada^ya MElnedzadzeyola wale ada^ya Q!umx-Elag'ilidzey6laxes
^naxwa^mayota ^walasila ^max^wideaxes ^naxwa^mayola k!welasede-
axe ylyixsEma^yaenoxEn g'ig"iqag'iwa^ya.
Ha ha hana hana he; ahana hana agwll^maEn la dedaleqElas wil- 90
dEmasEn bebEgwabaletsEn g'iqag'iwa^yaxs wax'k'asae goLa^yax
LeLEgEmasEn a^wana^ye g'lg'Eqag'iwa^ya haa qa &ngwak"ases nala-
k'asaxg'in LeLEgEmk'asg'lnxg'a LeLEgEmesawesEii wiwompdzeyola.
Hana hana he; ahana hana adzehesa ^walasaxaledzeya wale
ada^yaxa q !ulexLe^yadzey6la Q!umx'Elag"llisa ada^j^axes ladzeyola 95
gEg'adEx''idc/yas Llaqwag'ilayugwa lak'asEx kMedelek'asas Q!Eyo-
kwetElasogwi^lakwe ada^ya yikasEx xamagEma-ye g'lgamek'atse ^wa-
lask'ase ^uE^memotsa QaqEwadiliqalasa DzawadEenoxwe ylk'asExs
hek"asae g'okule ada^ya Q!Ej'6kwetElas6gwi^lakwe iida^ye Gwa^ye.
Wa, k'!esk'!ase gala ha^yasEk'ale Q!iimx"Elag'ilise ada^ya Lokwases 100
gEUEmk'asaxs lak'asae xtingwadEX'^idk^atse babagume. Wa, hex'-
^Idk"as-mese Q!EyokwetElasogwi^lakwe ada^ya xwanal^ideya qak-ats
la qotex'axes nEgumpk'ase Q!umx'Elagilise ada^ya. Wa, lak'as^me
k'ilx^widk'asxe ^walase Llaqwa lak'asEX T!Ent!alayo qak'ats Lak'E-
ya^ya. Wa, hek^as^mes k!waxsalats!es kMedelase L!aqwag"ilayu- 5
gwaye q!EL!Ets!aqe t!et!Eguna. Wa, hek'as^mesa mokwe q!aq!Ek'o-
wa qak'as tsalElg'Esxe t!et!Egiine. Wa, hek'as^mes ^nEx:^una^yaaxses
890 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 33
L liiqwag' ilayugwa were one hundred mountain-goat blankets,
|
10 twenty lynx blankets, Hand forty black-bear blankets; and| two
hundred mountain-goat horn spoons were the anchor-line for the
six canoes in which L!aqwag'ilayugwa was seated; and the name
|
I
given in marriage, K" ladalagilis, was to be the name of the prince
of my lord Qlumx'Elag ilis. Then the marriage gift was given
|
15 awajr to the ancestors of the QaqEwadiliqala,|| and to the ancestors
of the Naklwax'da^x", by my lord K' ladalagilis. Now, my lord
|
K' ladalag ilis grew up to be a man; and he married Gwex'sesElas,
|
princess of the head chief of the great numayni HaE3alik'awe of
|
20 the Haxwamis, who lived in Ai^alxa. || K' ladalagilis and his wife
I
had not been married long, when they had a son. And then the great
|
chief Klwamaxalas got ready and bought the great copper Crane
|
I
for the mast of his canoe; and he was going to give the marriage gift
to his son-in-law Lord K' ladalag'iUs, and eight shovel-nosed
|
25 canoes |1 for his princess Gwex'sesElas to sit in, and forty lynx
|
blankets to be worn by his princess Gwex"sesElas, and twenty
|
grizzly-bear blankets, and twenty black-bear blankets, and two
|
hundred mountain-goat blankets; and also this cause of my
|
30 pride, || seven slaves, to bail out the water from the canoes of|
8 k'ledclase Llaqwag'ilaj'ugwe lak-lEude -me^niElxLosgEm ^naEnx^iina-
^ya L5kwase ma-ltsokwS ^wahvsxasgEm ^uaEnx'ilna^ya. Wa.hek'as-
10 ^mesa mox"sokwe LlEULlEutsEm ^naEnx-ilna^ya. Wa, hek"as^mes
ma^lp lEnyag'e ts lets lololaq k^ak^Ets lEnaq , mogwanEwesa q !el lEts !aqe
t!et!Egun k!waxsalats!es L!aqwag"ilayugwa. Wa, hek'as-mes LegEm-
g"ElxLa^ye K' ladalag ilise q'ak'as LegEmsa LEWElgEma^yas QIunix'Ela-
g'lHse ada^ya. AVii, lak'as-Uie -raax-widayowa qotenayuwe laxa g'alasa
15 QaqEwadiliqala Lokwase galase Naklwax'da^xwe yikats K'ladala-
gilise ada^ya. Wii, liik'ase nEXLaax'^id bEgwanEme KMadalagilisc
ada^ya lak'ase gEgadEx'^Idk'ats Gwex'sesEhise kMedelk'asas xaraa-
gEma^ye gigamekatse ^walase 'iiE^memot HaEyaUk'awesa Haxwa-
mise, yik'asExs hek'asae g"okule Abalxa. Wa, k"!esk"ase giila ha^ya-
20 SEk'ale KMadalagilis ada^ya Lokwase gEUEme lak'asae xflngwadEx'-
^idk'atse babagurne. Wa, hex'^idk'as-mesa ^walase gigama^ya
Klwamaxalas xwanal-idk"asa, wa, lak'as-me k'ilx^widk'asxa ^walase
L!aqwa AdEmgiile qak'ats Lak'Eya^ya laxes qote^neLaxes nEgumpe
K'ladalagilise ada-ya. -Wa, hekas-'mesa ma'lgunalts!aqe g'ig'ala
25 qak'as k!waxsalats!ek"atses kMedele Gwex'sesElase. Wa, hekas-
^mesa m6x"sokwe ^walasx'asgEm ^naEnx'ima^yaaxses k'!edelase
GwexsesElase Lokwasa ma^ltsokwe gigilasgEm ^naEnx^una'ya l6-
kwasa mal-tsokwe LlEnLlEntsEm ^naEnx^una^ya Lokwasa ma^plEn-
yag'e ^me^niElxLosgEm ^naEiix^una'ya. Wii, hek'as'mesg'in ^yala-
30 qalayok" yik'asxg'a iiLEbokilk' q!aq!Ek*owa qak'as tsIalElgEsga
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 891
Gwex'sesElas, the princess of K Iwamaxalas, and two hundred and 32
|
fifty goat-hom spoons as an anchor-line for the eight canoes, and
|
the marriage name Gw^^yimdze for the name of the prince of
|
K- ladalag'ihs. ||
This is what my ancestral chiefs in the story of my origin were 35
|
doing when they grew up to be great chiefs. Therefore I do not feel
bad, but I am getting tired telling from beginning to end what was
I
done by those of whom I have just spoken.
|
|
Hana hana he hae hae ! |1
That was the end of the wailing of l !aL laqoL, the female Na- 40
klwax'da^x". (This is the same as to say Nak !wax' da^x" woman.)
|
History of the Maamtag'ila*
The ancestors of the Kwakiutl were living at Qalogwis, and the 1
|
chief of the Maamtag'ila, whose name was Q!omogwe^ (III 11) =
called his numaym to come into his house. When they were
|
I
all in, his speaker, Da'lEwek'Eme^, spoke; and he told why
|| 5
he had been called by the chief Q!o'mogwe^ (III 11), because]
he wished to go and marry Qwaesogut (III 12), the princess of
Chief Down-Dancer (II 6) of the Comox. His numaym told him
I
at once to go ahead, and they got ready to start on the following
| |
k!waxsalats!eg"as Gwex'sesElas k'ledelasa g'IgS,ma-ye KIwamaxalase 3]
Lokwasa sesax'sok'ala ts!ets!ololaq k'Sk'EtslEnaq mSgwanEwesa
ma^lgunalts !aqe g'ig'ala. Wii, hek'as^mesa LegEmg'ElxLa^ye Gwe-
^ylmdze qak'as LegEms LEWElgama^yas K'ladalag'ilise.
Wa, yokwas^Em gwegwalag'ilTdzatsEn g"Ig'igaana^yaxg'En nQyfim- 35
bahsek" gwasx"ala g'igama-'ya'nakula. K^Ieasg'IlEn xEnLlegEnia
okwas^meg'In la qEbc'^id lalabaax gwegwalag'Uldzasas gwagusago-
daxg'En lax gwal waldEma.
Hana hana he hae hae.
Wa, laEm labe lagwalEmas LlaLlaqolxa NaklwaxsEme (^nEma- 40
x'ls l6^ ^nek'a Nak!wax"da^x" ts!Edaqa).
History of the Maamtagila'
G'okula^ae g'alasa Kwag'ule lax Qalogwise. Wii, la^ae g'iga- 1
deda ^iiE^memasa Maamtag'ilasa Legadas Q lomogwa'yexa Letts !o-
daxes ^iiE-memote qa g'axes ^wr'laeL lax gokwas. Wii, g-IpEm^lii-
wise g"ax ^wllaeLExs laaEl yaqlEg'a^e Elkwiise DalEwek'Ema^ye.
Wii, laEm^lae nelas Le^lalilases g'igama^ye Qlomogwa^ye yixs 5
'nek'ae qa^s lii gagak'lax QwaesogQte lax kledelasa gTgama^ye
Q&mxulale, yisa Q!6mox"se. Wii, la^lae hex'^ida^me 'uE^memotas
^naxwa waxaq qa weg'es. Wii, hex'^idaEm'liiwise xwanal^ida
qa^s lalxa laLe 'nax'^idElxa gaala laxa Q!omox"se. Wa, la^ae
' This genealogy follows out the descendants of one of the women (III 2), mentioned in the genealogy
of the DzEndzenx-qlayo See p. 10S5.
892 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1etii.ann.35
10 morning to go to the Comox. In the morning, when daylight came,1|
many of the numaym Maamtag'ila started, and they arrived at|
the beach of the village of the ancestors of the Comox at Puntlatch.|
Immediately they made the marriage payment out of the two
|
canoes before going on shore; and after they had done so, the|
15 Ma&mtag'ila were told to wait in the canoe, for Qwaesogut was
||
getting ready to carry her things into the canoe of her husband,|
Q!omogwe^. It was not long before the ancestors of the Comox
|
began to beat on the front boards of the house of Down-Dancer, and|
there was a thundering noise in the house of Down-Dancer; and aU
|
20 the men of the Comox said, "Hum!" and the sound of shell rattles||
was heard when Qwaesogut (III 12) was led by four men wearing|
xwexwe masks. The woman was singing her sacred song. She went|
straight down the beach into the canoe of Q lomogwe^ (III 1 1 ) the|
xwexwe went down to the shore and went back up the beach into
|
25 the house of Down-Dancer (II 6). Qwaesogut (III 12) stayed and
||
sat down by the side of Q lomogwe^ (III 11). When all the xwexwe
|
were inside, Down-Dancer (II 6) came out of his house and invited|
his son-in-law to eat in his house with liis crew. Then Q lomogwe^
| |
(III 11) and his wife Qwaesogut (III 12) went ashore first. They
30 were followed 11 by their crew. The shell rattles of the xwexwe did
10 ^nax-^Idxa gaalaxs lae Slex^wideda qlenemoleda Maamtag'ila
^nE^mema. Wa, la^lae lag'alis lax LlEma^isasa g'okulasasa g'alasa
Q!6mox"se lax PsuLlatsa, wii, hex--idaEm^lawise qadzel-'idExs kMes-
^mae hox^wulta laxes motslaqe yae^yatsla. Wa, g-il^'Em^lawise
gwalExs lae axsE^weda Maamtag"ila, qa^s wag'e esala hanala, qaxs
15 lE^mae xwanalEle Qwaesogutaxes mEmwalaLe, qa^s g-axlagil laxs-
lS. lax ya^yatslases la^wunEme Q'.omogwa^ye. Wa, kMes^latla ga-
laxs lae lEmxExseglndeda g'ala Q!6mox"sxa g'okwas Qamxulale.
Wa, UVlae kunwatlaleda g-okwas Qamxiilale. Wa, Wine ^naxwa
hEmxaleda bebEgwauEmasa Q!omox"se. Wa laEmxae hekMala
20 xEmsEmeklnasexs g-axae g-alaba'ye Qwaesogiitasa mokwe yaexu-
malaxa xwiixwegEmle. Wa, laEm^lae yalaqiileda tslsdaqaxs lae
hayInts!esEla laxa LlEma^e qa^s la hexsEla lax ya^yats!as Qlomo-
cwa^ye. Wa, laEm^lawisa mokwe xwiixwe lag'aa lax awaxstallsasa
dEmsx'axs g'axae xwelaxiisdesa, qa^s la .xwelaqa laeL lax g'okwas
25 Q&mxulale. Wa, laEmLe x&k!e Qwaesogiite la k!wan5delExsEx
Qlomogwa^ye. Wa, gIFmese ^wFlaeLeda xwexwaxs g-axae Qamxu-
lale lawEls laxes g-okwe. Wii, la^me Lelwiiltodxes nEgilmpe, qa
las LlExwa lax g-6kwas LE^wes leElote. Wa, he-'mis g-alolt§,we
Qlomogwa^ye LE^wis gEnEme Qwaesogiite. Wa, IMae lasgEmes5-
30 ses leElote. Wa, la^me hewaxa qlweHde xEmsEmeklnasa xwexwe
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 893
not stop sounding behind the curtain in the rear end of the house. 31|
I
Then Q lomogwe^ (III 11) and his wife sat down in the rear end of the |
house, outside of the curtain in front of the xwexwe. They ate
|
steamed camas. This was tlie first time that the ancestors of the 35||
Kwakiutl tasted camas. After they had eaten, Down-Dancer
|
spoke to his tribe, the ancestors of the Comox. He wanted them to
|
pacify the xwexwe. The ancestors of the Comox assembled at once.
[
Then Down-Dancer (II 6) told liis son-in-law to watch the move-
|
ments of the xwexwe dancers while they were singing for them, for 40||
he was going to give it as a marriage gift to his son-in-law. After
|
he had spoken, the song-leader of the ancestors of the Comox, whose
name was NEmnEmEm, arose and shouted, "Wooo!" Then the
|
ancestors of the Comox shouted "Wooo!" while they were beating
|
on boxes which were turned upside down. Then four naked dancers
|
came out, their bodies painted with ochre, and wearing the xwexwe 45
||
masks on their faces. Four songs were sung for them; and when
|
tlielast song was ended, then the four dancers walked with quick
|
|
steps and all the men of the Comox beat time quickly. Then
|
the speaker of Down-Dancer, named LEnolalal, arose and spoke; 50||
and he said, "Look at this, Chief Down-Dancer! and bring some-
|
thing to drive the supernatural ones into their room." Thus he
said. Then they cut goat-skins into strips and put them down;
|
I
xEm^yala lax aLadzelllasa yawapEmllle lax ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. 31
Wa, la kiiis^allle Q!6mogwa^ye LE^wis gEUEme lax ogwiwalllasa
g-okwe lax Llasadzelllasa yawapEmalllasa xwexwe. Wa, la^me l!e-
xwelag'iLxa mot!Exsde uEgikwa. Wa, hcEm g1l p!Ex^aLElatsa g'a-
lasa Kwag'ulaxa mot!Exsde laxeq. Wa, gil^mese gwat LiExwa, wa, 35
la^lae yaq!Eg'a^le Qamxulalaxes g'olg'Ekulotaxa g'filasa Q!omox"sa.
Wa, laEm^lae ^nex' qa yalasolag'esa xwexwe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
wise q!ap!egilileda g-alasaQ!omox"se. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek'e Qamxii-
lale qa doqwaleses uEgtimpax gwayi^lalasasexs lae q!Emtaxa xwe-
xwe, "qaxsla^meg'as lal laLUEgtimp," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, giPEm^lawise 40
q!wel^IdExs laaEl Lax-ulila nagadasa g'ala Q!6mox"sxa Legadalas
NEnmEmEm. Wa, la^lae woooxa. Wa, la^lae ^nEmadzaqwa wooo-
xeda g'ala Q!omox"s, lalaxes t iEmtsEmayaena^yaxa qoxqEgwile
xexEtsEma. Wit, heEm^lawis g"ax^wult!alilElatsa mokwe xaxEnala
gwegums^idEkwe yaexumala xwexwaxs laaEl q!Emtasosa mosgEme 45
q!Emq!EmdEma. Wa, g'U-Emlawise q!ulbeda alElxsda^ye q!Em-
dEmexs laaEl tsEx"sesededa xwexwe laxes m6k!wena^ye. Wa,
la^lae t!Emsaleda ^naxwa bEgwanEmsa Q!6mox"se. Wa, la^lae
Lax-'iillle Elkwtis Qamxulalexa LegadEs LEnolaiale, qa^s yaq!E-
g-a4eEl. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg-a doqwatax, g'lgame"' Q&mxii- 50
lal, g'ax lag'ax'e k'Imex'sag"anoLa6saxg'as ^nawalax"g'6s," ^nex'-
-lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la ax^etsE^weda xwexut!fi.^ye ^mElx-
894 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Teth. ann. 35
and after they all had been put down, LEnolilal shouted, " Wooo !"|
55 and all the Comox shouted at the same time, "Wooo!" while they||
were beating time fast. They shouted "Wooo!" four times, and|
then the four xwexwe dancers went back behind the curtain. Now|
they were pacified. Then LEiiol&lal said, "Now the xwexwe has|
been giveii as a maniagc present to Qlomogwe^, and the name
|
60 HekiutEn. Now this will be the name of Qiomogwe^ and also1|
another name, TeseLla, and Hag' as, and LlEmElxei, and also|
twenty boxes of camas-roots. That was all ho said. Then he finished
|
with this. Qlomogwe^ stayed for four days before going home to|
I
65 Crooked-Beach with his Comox wife. Immediately he gave a feast||
with the twenty boxes of camas-roots to the ancestors of the|
Kwakiutl. They did not know what the steamed camas-roots were,
|
for that was the first time they had seen them. It was not long
before Q!6mogwe^ (III 11) and his wife (III 12) had a son. Then|
|
his name was TeseL !a (IV 13) and Q lomogwe^ gave away blankets on
70 behalf of his child. Then he had another son, and his name was|| |
Hag'iis (TV 14) ; and he had another child, a girl, and he gave her a|
name belonging to the Maamtag'Ua, because she M'as a girl. She|
was called Calling-Woman (IV 15). ThenQlomogwe^ (IIIll) changed|
75 his name, and he named himself liek lutsn (III 11). When liis three||
53 Lowa, qa^'s g-axe gEmxalelEma. Wii, g-il^Em^lawise ^wIlg-alilExs
lae woooxe LEnolalale. Wa, la^lae ^nEmadzaqwa woooxweda
55 Q!omox"se laxes t lEmsalaena^ye. Wa, he^lat!a la mopJEndzaqwa
woooxaxs lae ^wi^la la aLadzEndeda mokwe xwexwexa yawablle.
Wa, la^me yaPlda. Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg-a-'le LEuolElale. Wa, la^me
lak-lEga^ltsa xwexwe lax Qiomogwa^ye. Wa, he^'misa LegEme,
ylx HekiutEne. Wa, laEm^lae LegEmLEs Qlomogwa^ye. Wii,
GO heEm'lawise ^uEmsgEme LegEma TeseLla l6= Hag-as l6^ LlEmEl-
xele. Wii, lieEni^lawisa ma^tsEmiig'Eyowe xEtsEm motJExsda.
Wii, heEm^lae waxax-^Idale waldEmas. Wii, laEm-lae gwal laxeq.
Wii, moplEnxwa^s lae ^nalii hele Qiomogwa^'yaxs g-axae na^nak"
lax Qiilogwise LE^wis Q!6mox"saaxsEme gEUEma. Wii, hex-^ida-
65 Em^lawisg klwelas^Itsa ma^itsEmag-Eyowe xEtsEra motlExsd liixa
g-alii Kwiig-ula. Wii, laEnr'lae tlmlqlEsxa nEgikwe motlExsda,
qaxs he^mae ales ^uEmplEna dox-waLElaq. Wii, k'!es^lat!a giilaxs
lae xiingwadEx'^ide Qiomogwa^yasa biibagiime laxes la gEUEma.
Wa, la^me LegadEs TeseLla, yixs laaEl piEs'ide Q!5mogwa^ye qaes
70 xiinokwe. Wii, laxae et!ed^El xungwadEX'^Itsa babagfime. Wa,
la^me LegadEs Hag-iis. Wii, lii^ae etied xungwatsa tsiatsiada-
gEme. Wa, laEm^lae Lex^etses Lex'LEgEmllaxs Maamtagilae
laqexs tslatsiadagEmae. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs Laqiilayugwa laq.
Wii, laEm^laxae L!ayuxLe Qioraogwa^ye. Wii, laEm-lae Legad las
75 HekiQtEue. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise qlQlsqialyax'wIde yudukwe sasEm-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 895
children were grown up, HekliitEn (III 11) showed the xwexwe
| 76
dance. In whiter he gave a winter dance, and he also had the
|
salmon-dance. TeseLla (IV 13), the eldest one of his children, was|
cannibal-dancer, and Hag' as (IV 14) was dog-dancer, and Calling-
|
Woman (IV 15) was salmon-dancer, and one of the relatives of
|| 80
HeklutEn, Hamdzid, was grizzly-bear dancer. The name of the
|
cannibal-dancer was Llax'Elag'ilis, and the name of Hag' as was
|
Head-Dog, and the name of the girl was Head-Dancer, and the
|
name of the grizzly bear was Pretty-Grizzly-Bear. Then HeklutEn
|
had another son, and his name was PEngwed (IV 16). This is also
|| 85
a Kwakiutl name. Hek!iitEn (III 11) and his wife,| Qwaesogiit
(III 12), separated. She went home to the Comox with Hag' as (IV| 14)
and PEngwed (IV 16), the youngest one. She took with her to Punt-
|
latch the four dances which she had seen given by their father He-
|
k liitEn when he gave a winter dance. Now she gave a winter dance 90
||
for the cannibal-dancer, the salmon-dancer, dog-dancer, and grizzly-
|
bear-dancer, and she used the same songs and the same names that
|
had been used by the dancers at Qalogwis. At that time the
|
names of the Kwakiutl went for the first time to Comox on
| account
of the two children of Hek!titEn who went home with their mother.
|| 95
It was not very long before HeklutEn (III 11) married K" anelk' as
|
sexs lae nel^edamase HekiutEnaxa xwexwe. Wa, la^me yawlx'l- 76
laxa laEl tslawiinxa; heEm^lawisa hameyalale. Wa, la^lae hama-
tsle ^nolast lEgEma^yas sasEmase TeseLJa. Wa, la^lae wawasElale
Hag'ase, yixs laa-'hxLal hameyalala tslatsladagEme Laqulayugwa.
Wa, la^lae nana g'ayole lax LeLELalilse Hamdzide, yis HeklutEne. 80
Wa, yu^mis^aEl LegEmsa hamatslox Llax'Elagllise. Wa, la'"lae
Legade Hag-Jisas WawasElIg'a^ye. Wa, la'lae Legadeda tslatsiada-
gEmas YayaxQya'ye. Wit, la^ae LcgadEs NEnk'as^oxa nane. Wa,
la^lae etled xiingwade HeklutEnasa babagiime. Wa, la^lae Lega-
dEs PEugwede. Wii, laEmHaxae Kwag'uidzEs LegEma. Wa, laEm 85
k'iasowe HekliitEne LE^'wis gEUEme Qwaesogiite. Wa, laEm^lae
ua^nakwa lalaa laxa Qlomox"se Lo^lae Hag'ase Lo^lae PEngwedexa
&ma^yinxa^ye. Wa, laEm'lae hayinkiilaxes dogiiie mox^widala yawe-
UEmses ompe HekliitEuaxs lae yawix'ilalaxa la tslawdnxa lax
PEULlatsa. Wii, laEm'lae ^wFla yiiwixilasa hamatsla, LE^wa hS,me- 90
yalale, LE^wa wawasElale. Wa, heEm^lawisa uane. Wa, hcEm-
^axaawis qlEmqJEmdEseda q lEuiq lEmdEmas LE^wa LCLEgEmasa
leledes LeLEgEme lax Qalogwise. Wii, heEm^El gll las LCLEgE-
masa Kwag'ule laxa Qlpmox'^se qaeda ma^lokwe siisEms HeklQtE-
naxs laa^l na^nak" le^vcs abEmpe. Wa, giPmese gagiilaxs lae 95
gEg'ade HekliltEnas Kanelkase, ylx k'!edelas ^max'nxEwesagE-
896 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35
97 (III2)thepriiicessof ^max'mEwesegEme^ (II 1), chief of the numaym|
DzEndzEnx'q !ayo. She was half Bellabella, and first slie had for her
|
liusband for a while the chief of the QlomoyiVye, Yaqok!walag'ths
|
100 (III 6). Yaqoklwalag'tlis (III 6) was killed by the Haida G'idExan.||
Therefore K'anelk-as (III 2) married Hek lutEii (III 11). They had
|
not been married a long time before they had a daughter, and he| |
called lier CaUing-Woman (IV 17) when he gave away property for the
child; and Hek!iitEa (III 11) changed his name, for he had received
I
5 in marriage from ^max'mEwesagEme^ (II 1) the name Yax'LEn (III|| 11)
for Hek!uten. Now his name was Yax'LEn (III 11), for CaUing-|
Woman (IV 17) descended from ^max'mEwesagEme^ (II
| 1), chief of
the DzEndzEnx'qlayo, the numaym of the Walas Kwakiutl—he|
who had been married among the Bellabella. It was not very long|
10 before K'anelk'as (III 2) had another daughter (IV 18). Then at||
once Yax'LEn (III 11) gave away property to the ancestors of the
|
Kwakiutl; and he took a name belonging to his numaym, the
|
Maamtagila, and he named his child LElelElg' awe^ (IV 18). Now,|
when his two daughters were grown up, then CaUmg-Woman (IV 17)
i
15 took for her husband Copper-Dancer (IV 19), head chief of the||
numaym Laalax's^Endayo, and the dance xwexwe was given to|
him by Yax'LEn (III 11), and the name Hek!utEn(IV 19). Then she
also had a daughter (V 4) and Copper-Dancer (TV 19) called her
1 |
97 ma^ye, yix g'lgama^yasa ^nE-memeda DzEndzEnx'qIayowe, yixa
Heldzaq"k' !6tEme, yJxs Itix'de yawas-Id laHvadEs g'lgama^yasa
Qlomoj^a^ye lax Yaqoklwalagilise. Wa, la^lae kwexEkwe Yaqo-
100 k!walagllisasa Haida, yis G'EdExS,ne. Wa, heEm^lawis lag'ila la
la^wadEX'Mde Kanelk'asas Hek!utEne. Wil, la-lae k'!es gala la
ha^yasEk'alaxs lae xfingwadEX'^itsa ts!ats!adagEme. Wii, la^lae
Lex^edEs Laqulayugwa laqexs lae plEs^Id qaes xilnokwe. Wa,
laEm^laxae L!ayoxLeyeHek!utEne qa^axs LegEmg'ElxLalae^max'mE-
5 wesagEma^yas Yax'LEne la lax HeklutEne. Wa, laEm^lawise
LegadEs Yax'LEne. Wa, heEm-lawise Laqulayugwa g'aya^nakiila
lax ^maxniEwesagEma^yexa g'lg^ma^yasa DzEndzEnxq !ayowe
^nE^memasa ^walase Kwag'ulaxa lax'de gEg'ad laxa Ileldza^qwe.
Wa, k' les^Em-laxaawise galaxs lae et!ed mayol^ide K'anelk'asasa
10 ts!ats!adagEme. Wa, la ^lae hex'^ida^'me Yax'LEne p!Es-edxa g-ala
Kwag'uia. Wa, laEm^lae ax'ed h"ix LexLEgEmelases ^nE^memotaxa
Maamtagila. Wa, laEm^lae LElelElg'awex'Le xQnokwas. Wa,
laEmHae ma^lox"me sasEmas. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise eexEntaxs lae
la^wadEx"'ide Laqulayugwiis L!aqwalale, yix xamagEma^ye g'iga-
15 mesa ^uE^memeda Laalax'sEndayowe. Wa, laEm^ae layoweda xwe-
xwe laq yls Yax'LEne, le^wIs LegEme HeklutEne. Wa, la^lae et!ed
xungwadEX'^itsa ts!ats!adagEme. Wa, laHae Lex-ede Llaqwalalas
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 897
Qlex'sesElas (V 4); and then she had a son (V 5); and Yax"LEn(III 19|
11) gave the name NaplElEme^, which he had given in marriage
to Copper-Dancer, and this name he gave to his youngest child. 20
|| |
Wlien the children of Copper-Dancer (IV 19) were grown up, ho
married ^nax'nag'Em(IV 20), the eldest daughter of Gwex'sesElasEme^
|
(III 13), the head of the numaym NonEmasEqalis of tlieLawetsles.|
Now Copper-Dancer (IV 19) had two wives—the Lawetsles woman
I
^nax'nag'Em (IV 20), and the DzEndzEnx'qlayo woman K'anelk' as|| 25
(IV 17). Now, ^nax'nag"Em(IV 20) had not been the wife of Copper-
I
Dancer (IV 19) for a long time when she had a son; and when he was]
ten months old, the name Potlatch-Dancer was given as a marriage
|
present by Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13). Now Copper-Dancer (IV 19)
changed his name after tliis, and took the name Potlatcli-Dancer
|
(IV 19), and he had another name for his son. This name was given| 30
II
as a marriage present by Gwex"sesElasEme^ (III 13) to his son-in-law,
|
and liis name was to be Overhanging-Mountain (V 6), and he also gave
his winter-dance names, for Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) had given his
|
privileges, the four dances, to his son-in-law Potlatch-Dancer(IV 19)
|
namely, the great frog war-dance and the name of the great frog
|| 35
war-dancer was to be ^wIlEnkulag'ihs, and also the ghost-dancer, and
|
the name of the ghost-dancer was to be Chief Ghost, and also the
|
war-dance, and the name of the war-dancer was to bo Wlnax'-
j
Q!ex'sesElase laq. Wa, la^lae et!ed xiingwadEX'^Itsa babagume. IS
Wa, la^lae YaxxEne LegEmg'ElxLala lax NaplElEma^ye lax L!aqwa-
lale. Wa, heEm^lawis laEl LegEms amaylnxa^yas sasEmas. Wii, 20
g'il^Em^lawise cj !ulsq lulyax^wide sasEmas Llaqwalalaxs lae gEg'a-
dEx'^its ^nax'^nagEme, yix k" !edelas Gwex'sesElasEma^yexa Laxu-
ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa NonEmasEqallsasa Lawets!ese. Wa, la^me
m.a^llle Llaqwalalaxes gEgEnEme laxa lawets!ets!axsEme ^nax'^na-
g'Eme LE^wa DzEndzEU'q !axsEme K'anelk"ase. Wa, laEm^lae gagala 25
gEg'ade Llaqwalalas ^nax'^nag'Emaxs lae xungwadEx'^Itsa baba-
gume. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise helogwileda babagumaxs laaEl LegEm-
g'ElxLale Gwex'sesElasEma^yax P!asElale. Wa, laEm^lae Llayo-
xLaLe Llaqwalale, qaxs lE^mae LegadElts P!asElale. Wa, heEm^la-
wisa ^uEmsgEme LegEm qaeda babagume xunox"s. Wii laEm- 30
^laxae LegEmg"ElxLes Gwex'sesElasEma^ye laxes nEgiimpe. Wa,
laEm^lae LegadElts K' lesoyak ilise. HeEm^lawisa ts!ets!eq!ala
LgLEgEme, qaxs lE^maa^lae Gwex'sesElasEma^ye k" les^ogiilxLalaxa
mox^widala lelade laxes nEgump PlasElale ^walase wiiqles tox-
^wida. Wa, heEm^El LegEmltsa ^walase wuq!es tox'wide ^wi- 35
lEnkfllagllise; wa, heEm^awise lElohdale; wa, heEm4 LegEmltsa
lElolalale LolEyalise. Wa, heEm^lawisa hawmalale; wii, lieEm^lawis
LegEmltsa hSwInalale Winax'winagEme. Wii, heEm^lawisa haya-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 8
898 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
winagEme^, and the speaker-dance, and the name of the speaker-
|
40 dancer was to be Made-to-be-Speaker; and this is the number of
||
privileges given in marriage by Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) to his son-
|
in-law Pothxtch-Dancer (IV 19); and also the name Potlatch-Dancer
|
(IV 19) was given by his father-in-law Gwex'sesElasEme^(III
| 13), and
his winter name was ^wldzeq Iwalaso^. Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III
| 13)
45 and liis tribe the Lawetsles Uved at ALEgEmala; and Potlatch-
||
Dancer (IV 19) and his tribe, the Kwakiutl, Uved at Qalogwis; and
|
that is where Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) and his tribe came from,
|
going to Qalogwis, when he took his privileges to his son-in-law, and
also much food. And after they had stayed for four days, the
|
I
50 Lawetsles went home to ALEgEmala. Immediately Potlatch-
||
Dancer (IV 19) invited his numaym the Laalax's^Endayo and two of
|
the head men of aU the numayms—the Maamtag'ila, G'exsEm,
|
Kukwakliim, and SenLlsm, — and the Laalax's^Endayo were also
|
called in, and their feUow-numaym, the Elgunwe^. When they
|
55 were all in, Potlatch-Dancer (IV 19) spoke, and he told them that
|1
he was going to give a winter dance with the food given to him
|
by liis father-in-law, and that he would show the four kinds of|
winter dances given to him by his father-in-law. Then aU the chiefs|
of the numayms told him to go on, and at once his children dis-|
40 q lEntElale ; wa, hcEm^lawis LegEmltsa hayaq lEntElale Yaq lEntE-
yeg'i^lakwe. Wa, heEm^lae ^waxax'^Idale k" les^ogulxLa^j^as Gwex'-
sesElasEma^ye laxes nEgumpe PlasElale. Wii, lie^misLaLe la
LegEms PlasElale yMax LegEmg"ElxLa^yases nEgumpe Gwex'sesE-
lasEma-ye. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs ^wIdzeq!walasE^we,^ ylxs hiiaEl
45 g'okule Gwex'sesElasEma^ye Lo^laes g'okidota Lawets.'ese ALEgEmala.
Wa, la^lae hcEm^l g'okule PlasElale LE^wis g'okfllota Kwag-ule
Qalogwise. Wii, heEm^liiwis g'ax"^ide Gwex"sesElasEma^yc LE^wes
gokulotaxs g'ilxaaEl lilx Qiilogwise k'!es^6odxes nEgumpe LE^wa
qleuEme he^maomasa. Wa, g'lPEm^lawise moplEnxwa^sa ^niila
50 laaEl nil^nakweda Liiwets !ese liix ALEgEm&la. Wii, hex'^idaEm'liiwise
PliisElale Letts lodxes ^nE^memotaxa Laalax's^Endayowe LE^wa mae-
ma^lokwe lax LeLaxuma^yasa ^nal^UEmsgEmak Iflse ^naPnEmemasaxa
Maamtag'ila LE^wa G'exsEme LE^wa Ktikwilkl&me LE-wa SenL!E-
me. Wii, lieEm^lawisa Liiiilax's^Eudayaxs ^wPlaeLEla^maa^l LE^wis
55 ^HEmsgEmak Iiisa Elgun^wa^ye. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise ^wPlaeLExs laalas
yaq!Eg"a^le PlasElale. Wii, laEm^lae nelaxs lE^maaEl yiiwix'^ilaltsa
g-iixe wawadzolEmq ylses nEgumpe. Wii, heEm^liiwis, qa^s wiig'il
yawenEninox"ltsa mox^wedala k" !ek' !es-o k" les^ogillxLeses nEgumpe
liiq. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwisa ^naxwa g'Ig'Egamesa ^niil^nE^memase
wiixalaq, qa wiig"ilas. Hex-^idaEm ^naxwa xls^ede siisEmasexa
' Winter dance name.
boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 899
appeared that night. Then many winter-dance whistles sounded; 60||
and as soon as those who had been seated had gone out, Potlatch-|
I
Dancer cleared out his house. After they had cleared it out, they|
built a fire in the middle; and when the fire in the middle began to
burn, the four speakers of Potlatch-Dancer—who were named | 65
I
Bawiile in the secular season, and in winter Wawanagadzo^; and|
another one, ^UEmogwesEme^ in the secular season, and Wren in|
winter; and one who was called l !esp legaak" in the secular season,|
and Goose in winter; and also G'exk'Enis in the secular season,
|
and TslaqlExsdo in winter—had red cedar-bark on their heads 70|1
and red cedar-bark around their necks. They took tallow of
I
mountain-goat and rubbed it on their faces; and after doing so,
| |
they took charcoal and blackened their faces. After doing so, they|
took eagle-down and put it on their heads; and when this was done, 75
||
they took cedar-bark rope and cut off part for a belt. Then they|
I
took their Sparrow Society canes and when they had done so, they
|
started. They went to call all the men, and the women and cliil-|
dren, to come quickly into the house of ^widzeq !walas6^ (IV 19), for|| 80
now Potlatch-Dancer had ah'eady his winter-dance name ^widze-
1
q'.walaso^. One of the speakers, said while they were going and|
ganuLe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise hek" lEk- laleda q lenEme lblex-exsexs 60
g'alae ^wFla la hoqiiwElseda kiwalax'de. Wa, la^lae hex'^idaEm
ex^witsE^wa g'okwas P!asElale. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise gwate^l ekiilila-
soxs laaH laqolilasE-'wa. Wa, g'il'Enr'lawise x'lqostawa laqawall-
laxs laa^ qlwalax'^ideda mokwe S,yElx"s PlasElalexa Legadiis
Bawule laxa baxuse; wii, la^lae Wawanagadzawex'La laxa ts!e- 65
tsleqa. Wa, hcEm^lawise ^uEmogwesEma^ye la^axa baxuse; wa,
la^lae Xwatlaxxa laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wa, heEm-lawise l !esp legaakwe
laxa baxuse; wa, la^lae NExaxLa la^laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wa, heEm^a-
wise G'exk'Euise laxa baxuse; wil, la^lae Ts!aq!Exsdox"La laxa
ts!ets!eqa. Wa, laEm^lae qeq^Ex'imalaxa L'.agEkwe. Wa, la^laxaa 70
qeqEnxala LlagEkwe. Wa, la^lae ^x^edxa yasEkwasa ^mElxLowe
qa^s yasEkwodes laxes gegoguma^ye. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise gwalExs
laaEl ax^edxa tslolna, qa^s ts!6ts!ElEmdes laxes gegoguma^ye.
Wa, g'iPEm^lawise gwalExs laaEl ax^edxa qEmxwasa kwekwe, qa^s
qEmx^wides laxes xlx'omse. Wa, g-ipEm^lawise gwalExs laa^l 75
S.x^edxa dEnsEne dsnEma, qa^s tlosode laq qa^las wlwiiseg'anowe.
Wa, g'lPmese gwalExs lae fix^edxes gwegwespleqe. Wii, giPEm-
^lawise gwalsxs laa^l qas^ida. Wii, lasm^lae lal Le^liilaLxa ^naxwa
bebEgwauEm LE^wa ts!edaqe Lo^ma glng'tnanEm qa g'iixes halaei.
lax g'okwas ^widzeq!wiilasF/we, qaxs lE^mae ts!agEXLiile Plassla- SO
lax ^widzeqlwalasE^we. Wii, g'aEm^l Willtsa ^nEmokwe laxa iiyEl-
kwaxs lae qaseg-a la^laxs laa-1 laeL lax t'.et'.EX'ilasa ^naxwa
900 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann. 36
83 stepping into tlie doors of all the houses (ft)r that is as far as they
|
went), "We call you, memhers of the Sparrow Society, and the Spar-
I
85 row Society women, and the Sparrow Society chDdren, to go into the1|
house of ^widzeq Iwalaso^." Tliis was said by Wawanagadzo'; and
|
after he had stopped speaking. Wren spoke and said, "The super-
| |
natural power will come into the house of our chief ^wldzeq Iwalaso^
90 (IV 19);" and after Wren had spoken, Goose also spoke, and said,
I II j
" Now let us go, shamans, to see what the supernatural power will
|
do with the children of our chief ^widzeq Iwillaso^ (IV 19), for they|
have l)een taken by the supernatural power." Thus he said; and
after he had ended his words, then TsIaqlExsdo also spoke and
j
95 said: "Be quick, shamans, go on, and be quick, and come quickly
jj
into the house!" and after he had ended his words, they went out;
| |
and they went into the other houses, stood in the doorway, and
j
they said as they had done before when they were calling. When
|
200 they came to the end of the village Qalogwis, they went back into||
all the houses; and the four speakers did not go out of the house
|
until the men, their wives and children, all came out. Then they
|
all went into the house with the four speakers. This is called by
|
I
5 the ancestors of the Kwakiutl "single call," for in this way the firstjj
appearance of the supernatural power of the winter dance is treated
83 g'ig'okwa, yHaxs he^mae qlwastalila awiLElasa tIetlEx'lla: "G"ax-
^mEnu^x" qasoLai', gwegiidzai' los gwegutsIaxsEmai' i.o^s gwagiigwe-
85 dzEmai', qa^s laos ^wFltsIa lax g^okwas ^widzeqlwalasowai'." Wa,
heEm^l waldEms Wawanagadzawa^ye. Wii, g'IPmese qliilba waldE-
masexs lae ogwaqa yaqlEg'a^le Xwatla. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a:
"G'axeLeda ^nawalakwex laxox g'okwaxsEns g^igama^yex, laxa
^widzeqlwalasE^wex," ^nex'^lae Xwatla. Wa, gil-Em^lawise q!ulbe
90 waldEmasexs laa^l ogwaqa yaqlEg^a^e NExaqe. Wii, lae ^neka:
"La^niEns lal, pepExalai', nanaxbaal lax wiildEmas ^nawalakwa, qa
gwex'^idaasas sasEmasEns g'igama^yai' ^wldzeq IwalasE^waxs ^wFlo-
LanEmaasa ^nawalakwa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'lpEm^liiwise q Iiilbe willdE-
masexs lae ogwaqa yiiqlEg'a'le Ts!iiq!Exsd6. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a:
95 " Halag'iliLEsai' pepExalai'. Wii, wii, wa Lax-wit, qa-'s laos hiila-
eLa," ^nex"4ae. Wa, gipEm^lawise qliilbe waldEmasexs lae
hSqfiwElsa, qa^s lii^laxat! laxa ftpsalase g"6kwa, qa^s liixat! q!wa-
stolilax tlEX'iliis. Wii, aEm^laxaawise nEg'Eltodxes gllx'de gwe-
k" lalasa. Wa, g^iPEm^awise labElsaxa g'ox"dEmse liix Qiilogwisaxs
200 gaxaa'l aedaaqa lalaeLla laxa ^naxwa g'Igokwa. Wii, laEnr'lae
al^Em hoquwElseda mokwe ayilkwiixs laa^ '^wi'lg'JlIla bebEgwiinEme
LE^wis gEgEnEme le^wIs sasEme. Wii, g'lpEm^laxaawise ^wilxtol-
saxa g'ig'okwaxs laa'l hogwiLeda mokwe a^yllkwa. Wa, hcEm^l
gwE^yosa g'iile Kwiig'ul ^nEmp!Engilts!axste, yixs hiia^l gwegula-
5 g'lla ^nawalakwaxs g-fdae laeL liix g'okwasa g'ale yawix'ilasa g'alii
BOAS] FAMIIjY histokies 901
when it enters the house of the wmter-dance giver among the ances- 5
tors of the Kwakiutl. Now, the winter-dance whistle was still
I
sounding behind the curtain in the rear of the house. Then all
|
|
the men, the women, and the children went in; and they followed
|
the rules that you already know about the beginning of the winter 10
||
dance, about which I have talked.
|
One year after Potlatch-Dancer (IV 19) had given his winter dance
|
(for his name is ^widzeq Iwalaso^ on[j during the winter dance) he
|
died; and at once his prince Qlomx'od (V6) took the place of his
|
past father. He gave a potlatch to all the tribes; and now 15
||
Qlomx'od (V 6) had the name Copper-Dancer (V 6). He wished to
|
marry the princess of Chief K' !ade (IV 21) of the l !aL lasiqwala.
|
K' lade (IV 21) was head chief of the numaym LaalawilEla. Then
|
the numaym of Copper-Dancer (V 6) told him to go ahead and to
|
marry her quickly; and all the numayms of the Kwakiutl launched 20
||
their canoes at Qalogwis; and they all paddled, going to PlELEms,
|
|
forthatwaswherethevillageof thcLlaLlasiqwalawaslocated. When
|
they arrived at P lELEms, they made the marriage payment for Head-
Princess (V 7), the princess of K" lade (IV 21); and after they had
I
made the marriage payment, K" l&de (IV 21) came out, carrying a 25
||
box which was not very large. It was called "winter-dance box."
|
Kwag'ula. Wa, laEm^aLe hek' lalax'sa^ma LCLEX'Exse lax aLadza- 6
^yasa yawapEmlite lax ogwi^walilasag'okwe. Wa, laEm^lae ^wi^laeLeda
^naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wa tsledaqe LE^wa g'ing'inauEme. Wa,
laEm^lae aEm la uEgEltowexes ^naxwamos la qial qa gwayi^lalatsa
tsletsleqa' gag'lLEla lax la walalaatsEn waldEme. 10
Wa, g'lpEm^lawise -nEmxEnxe tslawiinxas gwal yawixile PlasE-
lale, qaxs lex'a^mae Legadaatses ^widzeq IwalasE^wa tsletsleqa; wa,
laEm'Iae wik"lEx^eda. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise LawElgama^yase
Qlomxode Lax"st6dxes ompde. Wa, laEm^lawise plEs^edxa ^naxwa
lelqwalaLa^ya. Wii, laEm^ae Qlomx'ode la LegadEs Llaqwalale. 15
Wa, la^lae ^nex', qa^s gEg"ades k'ledelas g^gama^yasa LlaLlasiqwS,-
la-ye K^ lade, yixs xamagEmayae g'lgama^ye K' ladasa ^UE^memeda
LaalawilEla. Wii, hex'^ida^nrlawise ^nE^memas Llaqwalale waxaq,
qa wag'es hali^lala gagak' lEX'^IdEq. Wa, ^wi^lastaEm^lawisa ^naxwa
^nal-uE^mematsa Kwag'ule LElstEndxes ylyEnasEla lax Qsllogwise. 20
Wa, g'ax^lae ^wHa sex^wida. Wa, laEm^lae lal lax PlELEmse,
qaxs he^maaEl g-okiile g'alasa LlaLlasiqwalaye. Wa, gipEm^awise
lag'aa lax PlELEmsaxs laa^l hex'-idaEm qadzel-edEx K'ledeiEma^ye
lax k'ledelas K'lade. Wa, gil-Em^lawise gwala qadzcLaxs g^axaa-
^las g"axa,wulse K'lade laxes dalaxa g"ildase k"les ^walasa. HeEm 25
LegadEs k'lawatslexa gildase, qaxs he^mae g'ltslEwatsa ^naxwa
902 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann. 36
27 In it were all the privileges for the winter dance. Then he stood
|
outside of his house. He turned his face toward his house, and ho
1
called his princess Head-Princess. He called her to come and ||
I
30 stand also outside of the liouse, where he stood. As soon as ho
stopped speaking, Head-Princess (V 7) came, carrying the copper|
named iJEsaxElayo, and she stood hy the side of her father; and|
K' !ade (IV 21) turned his face toward the canoes of the Kwakiutl on
|
the water, and he called Copper-Dancer (V 6) to come out of his
|
35 traveling-canoe and get the winter-dance box and his wife|| ]
Head-Princess (V 7). Copper-Dancer (V 6) at once took off his
|
blanket, stepped out of his canoe, and shouted, "Haha, haha!"
|
Then he ran up the beach and took the winter-dance box. Then he
|
was told by K' !ade (IV 21) that there were four kinds of dances in
40 the box—the war-dance with a bird in its belly, which had the name
II
TSgfimalis; and the throwing-dance, with the name Qweltses;
| |
and the hamshamts !es, with the name Nawis; and also the ghost-|
dance, with the name Supernatural-Power-coming-up. And after.
j
45 K' !ade (IV 21) had finished whispering to his son-in-law, he sent his||
princess, Head-Princess (V 7) to go with her husband. She was
|
still carrying the copper. Then Copper-Dancer (V 6) and his wife|
(V 7) walked side by side, going down the beach, and went aboard
the traveling-canoe; and when Head-Princess (V 7) sat down in the
I
27 kMek'lEs^o laxa ts!ets!exLEne. Wa, la^lae Laxuyolsax Llasana^ya-
ses g'okwaxs laa^l gwegEmx^-kl hlxes g^okwe. Wa, la'lae laqlu-
laxes k- ledele lax K' ledelEma^ye. Wit, laEm^lae Le^lalaq, qa gaxes
30 ogwaqa LaxuySlsa lax Ladzasas. Wit, giHEm^hlwise q!wel^IdExs
g'axafdas g'axEWElse K'ledelEma^ye dalaxa Llaqwa LegadEs iJEsa-
xElayo, qa^s g'axe LawEnodzElsaxes ompe. Wa, la^lae KM^de
gwegEmx'^Id lax mExalasas yae^yatslasa Kwag'ule. Wa, hVlae
Lc^lillax L!aqwalale, qa las xamax-^idaEm lalta laxes ya^yatsle,
35 qa^s la ax^edxa k-!awats!e gildasa. Wa, heEm^lawise gEUEmase
K' ledelsma^ye. Wa, hex'^ldaEm^lawise L!aqwalal xEng-aalExsaxes
UEX^una^ye, qa^s la lalta laxes ya^yats!axs laa^l xaxalolaqwa, qa^s
liiEl dzElxusdesa, qa^s laEl dax-^Idxa kMawatsle glldasa. Wa,
laEm^lae nele K' ladasa k" !ek" !Es^6we mox^widala gits!axak'!awats!e
40 gildasaxa olala, yixs ts!ek!wesae; wii, he^mis LegEmse TSgumalise.
Wii, he^Em^lawisa mamaqla; wa, he^mis LegEmse Qweltsese. Wii,
hiJEm'^lawisa hamshamts lEse; wa, he^mis LegEmse Nawise. Wit,
hcEm^liiwisa lElolElale; wa, he^mis LegEmse ^nawalak'ustalise. Wii,
g-TFEm^liiwise gwiil 5pa K' !adiixes nEgiimpaxs hia^l ^yiilaqaxes k' !e-
45 dele K' !cdelEma^ye, qa liis lasgEmexes lii^wunEme. Wii, laEm'^lae
hex-siiEm dalaxa Llaqwa. Wa, laEm^Iae ^uEmiigoLEmale Lliiqwalal
LE^wis gEUEmaxs g-fixae hoqiintsIesEla, qa^s lit hoxValExs liixes
yil^yats !e. Wii, g'iHEm'hlwise k !wiig'aalExse K' ledelEma^yaxs laa^lase
;
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 903
canoe, K" !8,de (rV21) spoke again, and said, "Son-Ln-law, let me 50
| ||
change your name. Your name shall be YfiqEyalisEm (V 6), and|
your secular name Hamisk'Enis (V6)." Thus he said. When he
|
stopped speaking, Copper-Dancer (V 6) spoke, and tot)k the copper
|
that his wife was carrying and thanked his father-in-law (IV 21) for
|
his word, and after he had thanked him, he promised to give a 55
||
potlatch with the copper to the Kwakiutl. Tlien he changed his
name; and now he was no more Copper-Dancer (V 6), but his name
|
was YaqEyalisEm (V6); and when ho had stopped spoakmg, they
|
turned back and went home to Qalogwis. When they arrived at
|
|
Qalogwis, YaqEyallsEm (V6) cleared the floor of his house, for it was
nearly winter when he wont to marry. When his house was 60
|| |
cleared out, he sent his four speakers to call the Kwakiutl. He
|
asked all the men to come into his house. When it was towards
|
evening, they came in, and at once YaqEyalisEm (V 6) made a pot-
|
latch to them. It was still the secular season when he gave a pot- 65
||
latch to his tribe. Then his name was really YaqEyalisEm (V
| 6)
and he named his younger brother NaplElEine^ (V 5) Hamisk'Enis.|
These were their secular names. He did not make a potlatch to his
|
tribe, the Kwakiutl, until late in the evening. Now YaqEyalisEm
|
(V 6) barred the door against his tribe so that they could not go out 70||
KMade et!ed yaq!Eg'a^la. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, nEgumpii, we-
g'ax'in Llayoxs LegEmaqos. LaEms lal LegadEi YaqEyallsEma; 50
wa, he^mise Hamisk'Eniso laxa baxiise," ^nex'^lae. Wii, gil^Em-
^lawise qlwel^klExs laa^l yaqlEg'a^le Llaqwalal. Wa, laEm^lae
dax'^idxa Llaqwa, ylx daakwases gEUEme. Wa, laEm^lae molas
waldEmases nEgiimpe. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwat mola.xs laa^l dzo-
xwasa Llaqwa qaeda Kwiig'ule. Wa, laEm^lae LlayoxLiis. Wii, 55
laEm^lae gwal Llaqwalala; wit, laEm^ae LegadEs YiiqEyallsEma
laxeq. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise qlwel^IdExs g-axae xwelaqEles LEx^eda,
qa^s lit nii^nakwa liix Qiilogwise. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise lag'aa liix
Qalogwise laa^l hex'-idaEm ex^wldxes g'okwe, qaxs tslawunxba-
^ntxkulae lax'dEmas gEg"ade YaqEyallsEma. Wa, g'iPEm^Iawise la 60
eg'ikwe g'okwasexs liia^l ^yiilaqases mokwe a^yllkwa, qa liis Le^lii-
laxa KwJLkiig'ule, qa g'ilxes ^wPleda bebEgwanEme lax g'okwas.
Wa, gil^Em^lawise dzaqwaxs g'axaa^l ^wFlaeLa. Wii, hex'^i-
daEm^lawise YilqEyalisEma yax^wklEq. Wii, laEm^lae baxustale
plEtslena^yasexes g'okulote. Wii, laEm'lae alax'^id la LegadEs 65
YaqEyallsEma. Wii, la^lae Lex^edEs Hamisk'Enise liixes tsil^ye
Niip!ElEma^ye. Wii, laEmHae bebaxudzEXLiilaq. Wii, til^Em^'lawise
gwiil yiiqwaxes g'olg'ukiiloteda Kwiikug-ulaxs liia^'l giila giinuLa.
Wii, laEm^ae YaqEyallsEma Lanek'oxes g-olg-Qkiilote. LaEm^lae
k'!es helq!alaq hoqtiwElsa. Wii, g'lPEm^lawIse gwal yaqwaqexs 70
904 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann.3»
71 of the lioiise; ami after he had finished givmg his potlatch, the
|
house trembled as in an earthquake, and there was a rumbling
|
sound while the house was shaking. It did not shake long, then
|
everything was quiet. Four times the house shook. Then it
|
75 stopped. The Kwakiutl did not know what they had heard, for no
II
one knew what caused the sound. After the rumbling around the
|
I
house had been heard four times, it sounded as though many men
|
shouted, "Hamamamama!" and they shouted four times,
j
" Hamamamama ! " (the ghost-cry) ; and after the cry had been heard
80 four times, Q!ex'sesElas (V 4) came out of the rear of the house,
||
went around the fire in the middle of the house, and when she came
|
to the door, YaqEyalisEm (V 6) opened the door of the house.
|
Then Q!ex"sesElas (V4) ranout; and when she was out of the door,
| |
it sounded as though many men were shouting, "Hamamamama!"
||
85 outside of the house; and when they stopped crymg "Hamama-
mama!" YaqEyalisEm (V 6) stood up and spoke. He said, "O
|
I
tribe! this is the supernatural power which came from where I got
|
my wife. Now my princess has been taken away by a supernatural
power of the l !aL !asiqwala. These are the ghosts that have come
|
90 and have taken my princess Q!ex'sesElas (V 4). Now wash your-
||
selves with hemlock-branches, tribes, and let us try to catch
|
Q!ex'sesElas (V 4) in the morning. You all shall wash yourselves.|
71 laa^l dEmlex^wIde awPstas g'okwas. La^lae he gwex'sa nenena,
Wii, laEm hekMala nEqElg'a^miisaqexs laa^l dEmlexule awi^stElsas
g'okwas. Wa, k!esnaxwa^lat!a geg'ilsExs lanaxwae sElt!eda. Wii,
liVlae mop iEndzaqwa dEndcx^wide awFstElsas g'okwasexs lae gwiila.
75 Wii, ilEm^lawise Kwakugule q !riq !Eyaxst6llltses wuLEle, qaxs k'iea-
sae ^nEmok" q !alax hegilas gwek' !ig-a^le. Wa, g'iPEm^awise mo-
p!Endzaqwa dEmlex^wide awi^stiisa g'okwaxs laa^lase q!ek'!alabebE-
gwanEnia ^nEmadzaqwii hamamamamaxa, la^laxae mop!Endzaqwa
hamamamamamama. Wii, g-il^Em^lawise mop !Endzaqwaxs g'axa-
80 a^lase peLEle Q!ex'sesElase g'ax^wiiltliilTl; qa^s la lii^stalTlElax liiqa-
walllasa g'5kwe. Wii, g'lpEm^liiwise lii^staliExs liia4 axstode YiujE-
yalisEmiixa t!EX"lliises g'okwe. Wii, hcEm^lawis la dzElx^wfddzats
Q!exsesElase. Wii, gtl^Em^liiwise lawEls Laxa t!Exil;ixs hia^lase
^UEmiidzaqwa hamamamamaxeda q!ek"!jila bebEgwiinEm laxa L!ii-
85 sana^yasa g'okwe. Wa, g'ipEm^liiwise q!wel^ideda hamamamaxaxs
laa^l Lax^idile YaqEyalisEma, qa^s yaqJEg'a^le. Wii, Iti^lae ^nek'a:
"Wa, g'olgukulot! Wii, yuEm ^nawalak" g'iiya^niikula laxEu
gEg'adaasox. Wa, la^me laLauEmEn k'!edelasa ^nawalakwasa iJa-
L!asiqwala. Wa, hesm leslalenoxweda g^iixa ax^edxEn kMedchie
90 Q!ex'sesElasa. Wii, wegilla q!c(|Elax-^i(lLEx h\ax" gX)lgukulot, qEns
^wii^wildzE^wa^meLEns laloL liiLEx Q !ex'sesElasax gaalaLa. Wii , laEms
^niixwaEm g'igiltalalxwa ganuLex, i.E^wis gEgEUEmaos, LE^wis siisE-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 905
this night, and your wives and your children shaD wash too." 93
1
Thus he said. "Now I will ask you, ^wiin^wd.nlx'Es, to help me."
|
(He meant the cannibal dancers.) "You shall go first when you try
to catch our friend Q!ex'sesElas (V 4); and also you, ghost-dancers, 95||
you shall go next to the ^wtin^wunlx'Es; and you also, war-dancers;
|
and you, Sparrow Society, shall follow the war-dancers; you shall
|
go behind our friends, for indeed wo are now trying to imitate what
|
my wife told me for she was told by her father, and she must give
; |
us instruction and show us what to do when the supernatural power 300||
shows itself; and tliis is the beginning of the winter dance of the
|
L !aL lasiqwala. My princess Qlex'sesElas (V 4) has now been taken|
by the ghosts. Now our names will be changed in the morning. I
|
shall call you m the morning, and your wives and your children.
|
That is all," he said; and when his speech was ended ^maxwa,
11 5|
chief of the numaym Ma&mtag'ila, arose and spoke. He said,
1
"You have heard the speech of our chief YaqEyalisEm (V 6). Now
1
you have another kind of supernatural power which you did not
|
know before. You are great. You wUl act so that no wrong wiU 10
||
result, for we are to use it later on. It is different from our super-
|
natural jiower, what you received in war-marriage from your
1
father-in-law. Shall we not do, my tribe, according to what you
|
say to usi That is all." Thus he said, and then he sat down.
| ||
maos," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, la^mesEn hehiLOL -'wun^wiinlx-Esa" (xa 93
haSmatsIa gwE^yos), "^laEms lal g'alabil, ((Eiiso kimyalxEns ^uEmo-
kwae Q!ex"sesElasa. Wa, so^mts lelElolElalii; laEms miig'abllxa 95
^wun^wuidx'Ese. Wa, so^mts tetox^wld, hiEms lal ElxLCLEsa tetox^-
wide. Wii, so^meLas gwats!Em; la^Ems hll ElxLalesLESEns ^ne^uEmo-
kwe, qiiLaxg'Ins la^megins nauEnklwax waldEmasgin gEUEmk',
ylxs ^nex'^maalae ompasEq qa a^mesek" Lexs^ala g^axEns, qEns gweg^i-
las, qo gaxogwiln e^^edox ^nawalakwaxse. Wa, yuEm g'il ts!ets!ex- 300
edaatsa LlaLlasiqwalox, yix laena^yase laLanEmEn k'ledelae Q!ex"-
sesElasasa leslanenoxwe. Wa, laEm^lawisEns ^naxwal iJayoxLa-
xEns LeLEgEmax gaahiLa laxEn ek'IeneEmLa Le^lalax'da^x"LOLax
gaalaLa LE^wis tsJedaqaos, LE^wa glnginauEmax gaalaL. Wa,
yu^moq," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'tPEm^lawise qliilbe waldEmasexs liia^l 5
Lfix-'ulileda ^maxwaLa g'Igamesa ^UE^memeda Maamtag'ila. Wa,
la^ae yaq!Eg'a4a. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Lammas wuLElaxga wiildEm-
g'asg'Ens g'lgamek' laxg'a YaqEyallsEmak". LaEms lalxwa ogii-
qiiliix ^nawalakwaxwa k'lesdaqEns q!iila. Hiiwadzekatsox. Weg'a
helalaq" qa k' leases amelasLEsox liixos g'axene^Lex g'axEns, qEns 10
g iixel aaxsilaLEq". Wii, la^mox oguqala laxEns nosex ^nawalakwa
wi^nilnEmaqos l5x uEgumpa. Wa, es^maeLaLEns iiEm wegil Logiins
g'olg'ukulotEk'. Asm! heEm gwayi^liilaLes wiildEmLaos g'fixEnu^x".
Wii,yu^moq," -nex'^laexs lae k!wag'allla.
906 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
15 Then YaqEyalisEm ^V 6) arose and thanked him for liis speech;
]
and when he stopped speaking, the men went out. When they were|
outside, YaqKyallsEm (V 6) and his wife (V 7) dug a hole in the|
middle of the roar of their house one fathom in length, in the dircc-
|
20 tion toward the door of the house, and half a fathom wide. Then||
Head-Princess (V 7) told them to put all the soil which she dug out
|
of it into boxes, so that it might not be seen, as is done by the
| |
L !aL lasiqwala when they dig this hole, when they are gomg to hare
a ghost-dance. Generally they put the soil into boxes, and they| H
25 put them down in a corner of the dancing-house, where nobody
walks, and they cover them over with mats, and sometimes they
I
lay roof-boards over them. Thus was done by YaqEyallsEm (V 6)
|
with the soil that he dug out. When it was deep enough for a taU
|
man to stand in the hole and to be visible for one-half of his body,
|
30 they stopped digging; and Head-Princess (V 7) asked YaqEj^ahsEm||
(V 6) to get a pole not too thick, four finger-widths in diameter.|
|
Then YaqEyahsEm went to get it out of the woods, and he brought
|
a stick two fathoms long. He cut it in two, and put sharp points
| ||
35 at the ends. After domg so, his wife took up one of the polos and
|
put it down into the hole that had been dug at the end toward the|
15 Wa, la^lae Liix^ullle YaqEyallsEma qa^las moles waldEmas. Wai
g'il^Em'lawise qlwel^edExs lae ^wPla hoqiiwElseda bebEgwanEme.
Wa, g'll^Em^lawise ^wFIeweIsexs liia^l ^laplide YaqEyallsEma
LE^wis gEUEmaxa nacioLiwalilases g'okwaxa ^nEmplEuk'as ^wasgE-
mase laxEns baLax, gwebalil laxa tlEX'llasa g'okwe. Wii, hVlae
20 UEqlEbod hixEns baLiiqe ^wadzEgEg'aasa. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek'e
K' ledelEma^ye, qa^s kMats!alesa dzEqwa ^lalpmotas laxa k"!ek'!Em-
yaxLa, qa k'leses dogiile gwastaasases lax gwegulasasa LalLla-
siqwrdaxs ^lapaaxa he gwex'se ytxs laloltsellLe, ylxs hemEna-
ia^mae k'!ats!alasa dzEqwa laxa k" !ek" lEmyaxLa, qa^s la ha^nEm-
25 g'alilas laxa onegwilasa lobEkwe laxa k'lese qayatsa bebEgwa-
nEme, qa^s naxuyindesa le^wa^ye laq ; Loxs paqEyalllaasa saokwe
laq. Wa, lieEm^lawise gwex'^ide YaqEyallsEmaxes ^l&lpmote dzE-
qwa. Wa, aEm^lawise gwanala qa nEgoyowesa gildExsde bEgwa-
uEmxs Laats !ae lax ^walabEtalilalasas ^lapa^yasexs lae gwal ^lapaq.
30 Wii, la^ae axk' !ale K' !edelEma^yax YaqEyallsEma, qa ax^edesex
k' !esa LEk" dzoxtimaxa modEux'sawa wag'idas laxEns q !waq !wax'-
tslana^yex. Wii, hex-idaEm-lawise YilqEyallsEma lit ax^edEq la.xa
iiLle. Wii, g"ax4ae wikElaxa malp!Enk'as ^wiisgEmase liixEns baLa.x.
Wa, lii^lae tsEX"s^EndEq qa uExses. Wa, la^lae dzodzox"bEndEx
35 epsba^yas, qa ex'bes. Wa, giPEm^liiwise gwiilExs hia^lae gEnEmas
ax'edxa ^uEmtsIaqa laxa dzoxiime, qa^s lii Lats!ots laxes ^hipa^ye.
Wa, laEm^lae gwebeltsia laxa tlEX'iliisa g'okwe. Wa, la^lae Lane-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 907
door of the house. She put it in slanting, in this way: 38
|
Then Head-Princess told her husband to drive it in with
| .^
his stone hammer. When it was one span below the 40
||
floor, he stopped driving it in. Then she took the other
|
pole and put it down into the hole so that it was in
I
this way, A and YaqEyallsEm (V 6) drove it in with his|hammer and when the top was even with the first one,| he
stopped Then his wife took an empty oil-bottle
|| and 45
split one side the whole length; and when the kelp
|
bottle had been split along one side, she tied it to the two
| poles
that were tied together in the hole that had been dug out. She
|
put the inner side of the kelp outward, because it was greasy
|
and slippery. She tied it on its full length, and there
|| was only 50
one way of tying it. She tied it up and down in this way;
|
There was no cross-tying. After this was done,
| Head-
Princess (V 7) took sometlung that she had kept secretly in A
a basket and put it down. Not even her husband knew
I
what was in it. Then Head-Princess spoke, and said, "
|| 0, mas- 55
ter! now call the cliiefs of your numayms, one head
| chief of
each of thera, that they come and watch how we work
| the hole
that we dag. Don't let any one of those who call
| them show
himself to their wives, that they may not guess what you want,
|
xahi, g"a gwiileg'a (fg.). Wa, hVlae K' ledelsma^ye axkMalaxes la-wu- 38
nBine, qa degutodeq yises pElpElqe. Wa, g'il^Em^lawis ^UEmplEnk-
laxEns q!waq!wax'ts!ana^yex la banalagawesa Swlnagwllaxs laa^l 40
gwal deqwe YaqEyalisEmilq. Wa, la^laxae et!ed ax^edxa^uEmtsIaqe,
qa^s axbEtaliles, qa g'as gwaieg-a {fig.). Wa, la^laxae YaqEyallsEma
degiitodEq yises pElpElqe laq. Wa, g-Il-Em^lawise ^uEmaxtala LE^wa
gilx'de deqwasos laa^l gwala. Wii, la^lae gEnEmas ax^edxa lolap-
motasox Lle-nax ^wa^wadii, qa^s LEpsEndeq laxes ^wasgEmase. Wa, 45
g-IPEm^awise labEndEx ^wasgEmasasa LEpsaakwe ^wa^wadexs laa^l
yll^aLElots lax dzengEqa^yasa oxta^yasa dzedzoxiim lax otslawas
^lapa^ya. Wa, laEni^lae he ek'ladzE^ya otslax'dasa ^wa^wade, qaxs
LleLle^nalae, qa tsax-es. Wa, g'iPmese ^wIlg'aaLEla la ytLala laxes
^wasgEmase laxes ^nE^meneme yiLlasaseqexs aek" !aaqElaaxs laa^l 50
yiLaq, g-a gwatega {fig.). K'les gagayaaqEles yiLa^ye. Wa, g-JpEm-
^lawise gwalExs laa^lae K" ledelEma^ye ax^ed laxes q IwalaltsEyakwe
Llabata. Wa, g-ax^ae hang'alllas. Wa, laEm^lae k-!es qlaLEle
la^wunEmasex gitskiwaq. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le KMedelEma^ye.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, q!agwida. Hag'lUa Le^lalalxox g'ig'Egama- 55
^yaxsos ^nal^nE^memats !e^na^yaq !osxox ^nal^uEmokuma^yaq !es, qa
g'axlag'iltso doqwalalxox gweg"llasLas laxwa ^lapa^yaqEns. Gwala
awiilx'Es axk"!alaq, qa gEgEnEmas aLa kotalaxes axelaosaq. Wa,
wax"^mesEn qIaLElaqoxs lE^maax ^naxwa mexoxda ^naxwax bebE-
908 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (ethann. 35
60 although I know that all the men and their wives have gone to||
sleep. This is the winter dance that I am now speaking about.|
-:Vnd let Q!ex'sesElas (V 4) also come and try what she is to do."
|
Thus she said. Even her husband did not know what was m the
|
basket, and YaqEyalisEm (V 6) did not wish to ask his wife about it.
|
65 He just went out of his house and went to wake up those to whom||
she referred, the head chiefs of each numaym of his tribe. Then he went|
to the head chief of the numaym Maamtag' ila, Q lomogwe^. Now he|
had called one of them. Then he also went to the head chief of the|
G'exsEm, Yiiqwid; and also the head chief of the Kukwakliim,
|
70 TsEx^wid; and also the head chief of the SenLlEm, ^uEmogwis;1|
and also the head chief of the Layalala^we, Ts lEx^ed ; and the|
Layalala^we are mixed with the Maamtag' ila and the G'e.xsEm; and
|
also the head chief of the Elgfinwe^ Amax" ag' da, and these are|
mixed with the Laalax's^Endayo. And when YaqEyalisEm (V 6) had|
75 hardly gone into the house, the chiefs entered after him. Now1|
Head-Princess led aU of them to their seats at the right-hand side
|
of the rear of the house, so that they could see plainly the hole that
|
had been dug; and when they were aU in, Qlex'sesElas (V 4) came|
in, and Ilead-Princess (V 7) led her and made her sit down in the|
80 rear of the house, at the end of the hole that had been dug, so that|1
she could see distinctly what was to be done by Head-Princess, .who|
60 gwanEma LE^was gEgEUEmax. Wa, yu^mes ts!ats!exsTlax'LEns lax
waldEma. Wa, he'mise Qlex^sesElasa, qa g'axlag'Iltse niEnelal,"
^nex'^lae. Wa, laEm^lae hewiixa^me la^wfuiEmas qlal^aLElax g"its!a-
waxa Llilbate. Wii, etslEm^lawise YaqEyallsEma ^nex', qa^s gitlale
wuLaxes gEUEme. Wii, laEm^lae asm lawEls laxes gokwe, qa^s la
65 gwaxes gwE^yo, qa g^axes ^nal^nEm5kiima^yas ^nal^nE^memats !ena-
^yases g'olg'iikidote. Wa, g^ipEni^lawise ^wllx'todxa oguma-yasa ^nE-
^memeda Maamtag'ile Q!omogwa^ye; wa, lasm^lae ^uEmokoLEq.
Wa, heEm^lawise Qguma^yasa G'exsEme Yaqwide; wa, heEm^lawise
oguma-yasa Kukwak!ume TsEx^wIde; wa, heEm^lawise oguma-
70 ^yasa SeuLlEme ^nEmogwise; wa, heEm^lawise oguma-yasa La-
yalalawe TslEx^ede, yixs hae lEng'Ilga^ya Layalalawaxa MaS,m-
tag"ila LE^wa G'exsEme. Wii, lieEm4iiwise 5guma^yasa Elgtin-
wa^ye Amax"ag'ila, ylxs lEngilga^yae la.xa Liialaxs^Endayowe.
Wa, lialsElaEm^lawise g^alagewa^ye YilqEyalisEmasa glg'Ega-
75 ma^yaxs g'axaa^l hogwiLa. Wii, laEm^iae K' ledelEma^ye
q !ax'sidz(?q, qa hix'da^xwes k!us^SlIl liix helk" !otewali-
lasa g'okwe, qa help !altalisexa la ^abEgwelkwa. Wii, g'iHEm^lawise
^wI^laeLEXs g'axaa^lase Qlex'sesElase g'iixeLa. Wii, la^ae KMedelE-
ma^ye q'.iixsldzeq, qa liis k!wiigalil laxa niiqoLewalllasa g-okwe liix
80 oba^yasa ^labEgwelkwe, qa help !altales doqulaxa ^naxwa gwayi^liilats
K. '.edelEma^ye, qo liil niE^nelal qae. Wfi, gil^Em^liiwise 'wFla sElt!ali-
BOAsj FAMILY HISTORIES 909
was going to show them. When they were all sitthig stOl, Head- 82|
Princess arose. She carried her basket, and she spoke. She said,
|
"Thank you, fathers, for having come quickly. Indeed, I am a
|
wise woman, for my father wishes me alone to do what we are here 85
||
for; and this is the way of working the winter dance for which we
|
are assembled here. Now you have come, fathers, to see the lasso
|
which we use for catching the ghost-dancer Qlex'sesElas (V 4).
|
This is the lasso of my ancestors for the ghost-dancer, and you came
|
for this reason. Now let us go and catch Qlex'sesElas (V 4). You 90
||
will all be invited by YaqEyalisEm (V 7), and you shall all sit|
together. The cannibal-dancer shall sit down in the rear of the
|
house when this hole will be covered over, that nobody may come
| .
near to it who is not a cannibal-dancer. And you, ghost-dancers,
|
will sit down outside of the cannibal-dancers, on the board covering 95
||
of the hole: and some wUl sit on one side of the cannibal-dancers
|
and some on the other side; and the Sparrow Society, and the
|
Sparrow Society women, will sit on each side of the house." Thus
|
said Head-Princess; and as she said so, she took the rope out of the
|
basket, coiled it up in her left hand, and then she spoke again, and 400
||
said, "Let me ask you, chiefs, to do the same as we l !aL lasiqwala
| |
do when you catch the ghost-dancer; for when the l !aL !asiqwala
|
Iexs laa^las Lax^ulile K- !edelEma^ye. Wa, laEm^lae dalaxes Llabate. 82
Wa, la^lae yaq!Ega^la. Wa, la^ae ^nek^a: "Gelaskas^la wTwomp-
qExs alElelaex. QixLaxgin nagadek' tslEdaqa lag'ilasEn ompa aEm
^nex- qEn nogwa^me S,Em aaxsIlaxEus g'axex gwaelasa. Wa, yuEm 85
ts!ats!exsilax"LEns g"axex k!walaena^ya. Wa, g'a^mes g-axele
wlwomp, qa^s doqwalaosaxg'a x'imayolg'iusag'ada lElolalaleg'a
Q!ex'sesElasEk-,yixg-ada ximayok" dEUEmsEu qwesbalise laxes lelE-
lolElale. Wii, helmets g'axelos. Wa, he^maa, qEnsQ lal kimyalExga
Qlex'sesElasEk'; wa, laEms g"ax^mawesLal Le^lanEmltsox YaqEya- 90
lisEmax. Wa, laEm gwalElaEml q!ap!eg'alllElaLa haamatsia kliis^a-
lilEhil laxa nEqewalilaxsa gokwex, qago lal paxstalllx^LEg^ada
^labEgwelkQk", qa k' leases nExwabalasa k'lese hamatsia laqEk".
Wa, he^misds, qosaqlos lelElolElala, ylxs he^mae LlasExdzamweltsa
haftmatsla. Wa, laEm k!wadzEwelxox paxsta^yasa ^labEgwelkwex. 95
Wa, laLeda eolala k!wak!wan6LEmalllLE lax wax'sbalilasa haama-
tsia. Wa, he^mis lal k !udzelasltsa gwegudza LE^wa gwegutsIaxsEma
^waxsanegwllasag'okwex," ^nex'^laeK" !edelEma^yaxs laa^l dalts!6dxa
dEUEme laxa Llabate, qa^s q lElx^waLElodes laxes gEmxolts lana^ye.
Wa, la^laxae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^a. Wa, la^lae ^neka: "Wag'a^mas- 400
LEn wiiLiiL g-Ig-Egame. He^mas gweg'ilanu^x" gwegilasag"auu^x"
LlalLasiqwalek', yixs lElolalalaes k'lmyasoLos, yixs g iPmae kimyaLa
910 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.36
3 catch the ghost-dancer, the one who gives the winter dance to the
tribe calls the people; and four rattles are taken and are given to
| the
5 one who takes care of the cedar-bark. There are four
|| of them.
Then he takes them, and he begins to shake one of them, and sings
|
his four secret songs. He stands still while he is singing three of his
I
secret songs; and when he sings his fourth secret song,
| he walks
|
and goes around the fire in the middle of the house. He pretends to
10 look for the war-dancers; and when he finds one, he gives the|| rattle
that he was using to her; and he gives the other three rattles to
|
three war-dancers. When they all have them, the four war-dancers
|
stand up together. They shake their rattles and sing each her
|
15 secret song, for they are war-dancers; and when they finish their
| |1
secret songs, the man who takes care of the rattles takes the four
|
rattles and carries them again, walking around the lire in the middle
of the house, and he gives one rattle each to the four frog-war-
|
dancers. Then they stand up, shake their rattles, and each sings
|
I
20 her secret song about the frogs in their bodies. Then they take
||
their rattles and put them away. They take red cedar-bark and
|
give it to the cannibal-dancer; and when each cannibal-dancer has
|
a piece of it, they all get excited. Then they all run out, and the
|
people who try to catch the ghost-dancer run after them. Then the
|
wai'-dancers and the frog-dancers are next to the cannibal-dancers,
||
3 iLaLlasiqwalaxa lElolalalaxs lae ex'Em Lelaleda yawixilaxes g'oku-
lote. Wa, la fix^etsE^weda mosgEme ylyatlala, qa^s la tslE'wes laxa
5 aaxsiliixwa L!agEkwexlaxes mosgE^mena^ye. Wa, la dax'^TdEq. Wa,
he'mis la yat !ldaatsesa ^uEmsgEme, qa^s yalaqwesa mosgEme laxes
yIyalax"LEne. Wa, laEm fi,x'saEm La^wilExs lae yalaqulasa yudux"-
sEme. Wa, g'il^mese q !ulbaxs lae yiilaqwasa mosgEmote, qa^s qasilile.
Wa, laEm lit^stalllElaxa laqwawalile, qa^s alabolexa eolala. Wa,
10 giPmese q!aqexs lae ts!ases yatElax"de yatlala laq. Wa, la et!ede
ts!EwanaqElasa yudu-x^sEme yeyatlala laxa yudukwe ogu^la eolala.
Wa, g'lPmese ^wTlxtoxs lae -uEmagilli Lax^iilileda mokwe eolala, qa^s
^nEmax'^ide yatletses yeyat!ala, qa^s -nEmadzaqwe yeyalaqwases
yeyalax"LEne laxes eolalaena^ye. Wa, g"iPmese ^naxwa q!iilbe yeyii-
15 laqulaena'yas, laeda aaxsiliixa yeyat.'ala dax'^idxa mosgEme yeya-
tlala, qa^s la dalaqexs laaxat! lii^stalilEles laxa laqwawalile. Wa,
laxae ts!asa ^nal^nEmsgEme yat!ala laxa mokwe wIwEq !es eolala.
Wii, hex^^idEX'da^x^-'mese Lax^ullla, qa^s yat!edeseses yeyat.'ala, qa^s
yiyiilaqweses yiyalax"LEne laxes wiwEq!ets!ena^ye. Wa, giPmese
20 gwalExs lae ax^etsE^weda yeyatlala, qa^s yawas-Idc g'exasE^wa. Wa,
lii ax^etsE^weda LlagEkwe, qa^s yax'widayowe laxa haamats!a. Wa,
gll^mese ^wllxtoxs lae ^uEmagilll xwaxusa. Wii, he^mis la dzElx-
^wiildzatse. Wa, a^mese la q lomx'SEmesosa ^naxwa kimyalxa IeIo-
lalale. Wii, laEm^laLeda eolala LE^wa wIwEq'.esemakilalxa ha&nia-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 911
and the other ghost-dancers arc the last; and hxst of all follow the 25|
Sparrow Society and the Sparrow women. They go right to the|
place where they hear !the cry " Hamamamama " of the ghosts.
|
Then they pretend to brhig back Qlex'sesElas; and when the can-|
nibal-dancers approach her, they wiU fall down like dead; and the
||
war-dancers and the frog-dancers wiU go to see why they do so there- 30; |
fore they go to look; and when they come up to them, there will be|
again the cry, "Hamamamama!" of the ghosts. They all drop|
down like dead, and also the Sparrow Society men and women drop
|
down. Only the ghost-dancers do not drop down. Then they go to 35|1
get urine, and sprinkle it over the cannibal-dancers and the war- and|
frog-dancers, and finally they sprinkle the urine over the Sparrow
|
men and women and also the Sparrow Society children. When
|
they have aU been sprinkled with urine, they come to life again,|
and they all foUow the cannibal-dancers and go back into the 40
||
winter-dance house; for, as soon as they drop down like dead, when
1
the cannibal-dancers, the war-dancers, the frog-dancers, and aU the
|
others, are struck by the ghost, then the ghost-dancers catch
|
Qlex'sesElas and brmg her in before any of the others get back
|
into the winter-dance house, who were lying there like dead. She 45
||
is put into her secret room in the rear of the middle of the house.
|
Then the cannibal-dancers come in, sounding their whistles, and go
ts!a. Wa, laL5s lelElolalalaqlos eIxleles. Wa, he^mis lal ElxLaya- 25
asltsa gwegwatslEma LE^wa gwegiitsIaxsEme. Wa, la^me he^naku-
laEml laxes wuLElasLaxa hamamamaxaasLasa leslanenoxwa, qo
g'axbotal taodg'ostodElxox Q!ex'sesElasex. Wa, gllEmtwise ex'a-
g'aaLElaLa haamatsia laqexs leLa yaqiimg'aElsLE. Wa, lal ^naxwa.
EmLa eolala LE^wa wiwEq !ese awelElqElax heg'ilas gwex'^Ide. 30
Wii, he^mis lag'ilas la ^wFla dox^wIdEq. Wa, giPmese lag'aa laqexs
laa^l edzaqwa hamamamaxeda leslalenoxwe. Wa, hex'^idaEmlwise
^naxwa yaqumg^aElsa. Wa, la*me ^naxwa yaqOmg^aElseda gwegwa-
tslEm LE'wa gwegiitslaxsEme. Wii, la^me ^naxwa k"!es yaqumg'a-
Elseda lelElolalale. Wa, he^me lal Sx^edElxa kwats !e, qa^s la xosElg'es 35
laxa haamatsia LE^wa eolala LE^wa wiwEqlese. Wa,la alxLalaxs liiLe
xosElgEntsa kwats !e laxa gwegwiits lEme LE^wa gweguts !axsEme LOLa
gwagiigwedzEme. Wii, g'IPEmlwise ^wJlxtodEl xEwex"sa kwats !e,
qo lal ^naxwaEml q luliix'^IdEl, wii, a^mis la ^wi^la la ElxLesa haama-
tslaxs lae aedaaqa, qa^s la hogwiL liixa l5bEkwe, qaxs g'lPmex^de 40
^naxwa yaqiimg'aEls lae lelEwalkwa -niixwa haamats!a LE^wa eolala
LE^wa wTwEq !ese l6^ ^naxwes waokwe, liiLasa waokwe lelElolRlal
kimyalxox Q!ex"sesElasex, qa^s g'iixel g'ag"alagEmal g'iixeltsox
laxwa lobEkwaxs k'leas'meLe qliilax'^IdEltsa la yaxyEqIflsa. Wa,
g'il^mese laeL laxes lEme^lats !e laxwa naqoLewalilex g'iixaas xwexwa- 45
gweLEleda haSmatsIa, qa^s leLal haeLEla laxes lEme^latsIe laxg'ada
912 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann.35
47 straight into their secret room at the left-hand corner of the house;
|
and wlien they are all inside, the Sparrow Society men, women,
| and
children come in. Then YaqEyalisEm (V 6) will give away property|
for the one who has been caught, and he will change his name.
1|
50 Tlien his name will be HoLelid (V 6), for this is the name of my
father; and after he has given away property, HoLelid (V
| 6) will ask
help from your uninitiated children, chiefs, for he must take hold
|
of the lasso for the ghost-dancer to-morrow night, when she comes
|
down to the floor of the house. HoLelid (V 6) will put the rope
|
55 around her waist.—Now, come and take this lasso,
|| HoLelid, for
what I told you is all that is to be done about the ghost-dancer."
|
Thus she said.
|
Immediately HoLehd (V 6) went and took the lasso, which was made
of long cedar rope, and thanked his wife for her
1 speech. When he
|
60 had thanked his wife, ho turned to the chiefs who were sitting down,
||
and he said, "Indeed, we shall be chiefs. Now you have heard the
|
speech of my father-in-law. It is not my wife here who speaks of
|
these instructions which she gave us for my winter dance, which 1
give with the marriage gift, that was given to us, chiefs of the
|
Kwakiutl; it is he who comes and speaks in my house here. Now,
|
65 take good care, so that we shall not miss any of the instructions
||
given to us, for it is the first time that this will be shown by you,
|
cliiefs of the Kwakiutl ! " Thus he said.
|
|
47 gEmxoliwalilEk\ Wa, g'lPmese ^wPlaeLeda ^naxwa gwegwiitslEme
LE^wa gwegiits laxsEme Lo^ma gwagQgwedzEme laxaxs 3'ax'wIdL6x
YaqEyallsEmasa kim^yauEniLex. Wa, la^mox iJayoxLal laxeq.
50 La^mox LegadElts HoLelide laxeq, ytxs LegEmaaxsEn ompe. Wa,
g'il^Eml^wIsox gwal yaqwal laLasox HoLelidex helalxox bebaxtits!E-
dzaya([!os g'Ig'Egame, qa g'axe dak' !indElga(hx x^imayok" dEnEma
Jaxa lElolElalax ganoLas lEnsLa, qo lal lalabEtalilasLa lElolalalex.
Wii, yuEmlwisox HoLelidex qEnoyodEltsg'a dEUEm laq. Wii, gelaga
55 ax^edExg'ada qEnayok" dEUEma, HoLelid, qaxs lE^mae ^wPla gwayi-
^lalasaxa lEloialale," 'nex'^lae.
Wa, hex-^idaEm^lawise HoLelide la ax^edxa qEnayowe g'ilt!a
dEnsEn (lEUEma, qa^s moles waldEmases gEUEme. Wa, guPEm'la-
wise gwal molas waldEmases gEUEmaxs laa^l gwayaxstax"^id laxa
60 g'lg'Egama^ye g'ax klildzela. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: " QiiLaLEns g'lg'E-
game. LaEms wiiLElax wfddEmasEn nEgumpa, g'ael ^nex'g'in
gEUEmk', ylses la Lexs^a^ayo qEns gwayi^lalasa qaeda yawixilae-
na^yEn yls k'les^ogulxLa^yase g'axEns g'Ig'Egames Kwiikiig'ol, qaxs
he^maa g'ax ^nekElagilll laxEn g'okwex. Wii, wag'il la yaLlox'wId-
(15 LEX, qEns kMeasel ogQgElEntsol lax Lexsala^yo g^axEns laxwa
he^mex alel ^UEmplEnal g'ax nei^idEl laL g'Ig'Egames Kwakug'ol,"
^nex'^lae.
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 913
As soon as he ended his speech, then the chief of the Maamtag'ila,
|
Q!omogwe^, spoke, and said, "Take care, friends, for we have 70
||
never done in this naanner in our ghost-dance. It is done differ-
|
ently by the l !aL !asiqwahx. Now we obtained in marriage these
|
privileges. Therefore I am glad of your speech, Head-Princess
|
(V 7). It is really different from our way of doing it. I have been
|
trying to understand the different privileges which I have now, 75
||
although I am a Kwakiutl, for I never made a mistake in it.
j
Now, do not let us just sleep, chiefs, for my heart is happy on
|
account of the treasure which we obtained from the great chief
K- lade (IV 21). That is what I say, HoLelid (V 6)." Thus he| said,
and ended his speech.
|
Now it was dayhght, and at once Qlomogwe^— oh, I forgot, 80
||
his name is now changed, for he used his winter name, and liis
|
name was Yoxuyagwas,—stood up and asked his friends, the chiefs
|
ut the numayms. He said to them, "Don't sit there
| idty! Let us
arise and dress ourselves and let us ourselves wake up our tribe to
|
go into tlhs winter-dance house of our friend HoLelid (V 6), for 85
II |
Head-Princess (V 7) knows that we shall really try to handle rightly
j
the privileges given in marriage to our friend HoLelid (V 6). Now
take red cedar-bark to put around our heads and for our neck-
I
Wa, g'il^Em^awise qltilbe waldEmasexs laa^l yaqlEg'a^le gugama- 68
^yasa Maamtag'ila, yix Qlomogwa^ye. Wa, la'lae ^nek'a: "Wag'a
aEml ^nfixwa yaLlaLEx ^ue^nEmok" heenoxwawesEns gvveg'ila qaEns 70
lelElolalalex, yixox gwayi^lalasaxsaxsa LlLalasiqwala. Wa, la^niEns
gEg'adanEmaq''xwa ^walasex k"!ek'!Es^^. Wa, he^mesEn lag'ila mo-
lasox waldsmaqos, KMedelEme. Wa, la^mox alak'!:lla oguqala
laxEn nose dalaeneq". Wii, yu^mEns alitsowa oguqalax kMek-lEs'a,
qEn laloL lasoxgun Kwag'ule, yixgin kMeasek' lEutsIasE^wa. Wa 75
gwalElasEns wupEm mex^eda, g'ig'Egame. LaEm Loma la ex'qlE-
SElagin naqek", qaEus Logwa^ye laxa ^walasa g'lgama^ye K'!S.de.
Wa, qEn ^nek-e, HoLelida," ^nex'^laexs lae qlweHda.
Wa, laEm^lae ^nax'^ida. Wa, liex^idaEm^lawise Qlomogwa^ye,
waq!unex"La, laEm LlayoxLa qaxs lE-mae ts!etsagEXLala. Wa, SO
laEm LegadElas YiJx"yagwase,—Lax^tillla, qa^s axk'lalexes ^ne^nEmo-
kwa g-Ig'Egama^ytvsa^nal^nE^memase. Wii, la^lae ^nek'Eq : "Gwallas
klwalax'^da^xoL. Weg'a Lax^widEx qEns wag'e q!walax'^Ida, qEns
xami^lalame la gwaxEns g"o}g"ukiil6tax, qa g'axlag'iltso ^wPlaeL
laxox lobEkwaxsEirs -nEmokwox HoLelidex, qa q !al-aLEles6x K- !ede- S5
lEma^yaxg'ins alak" laliLEk' aek IlalxEns g'iixeneLe aaxsilalxox k'!e-
k" lEs^ogtilxLa^yaxs laxEn ^nEmokwox HoLelidex. Wa, weg'a ax^edEX
LlagEkwa, qsnu^x" qeqEX'Ema^ya, lo^ qEnu^x" qeqEnxawa^ya,
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 9
914 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
rings, and tallow to put on our faces, and rope to be used for belts,
I |1
90 and also our Sparrow Society canes!" Thus he said.
|
Immediately all those things that he named wei'e brought, and
|
they were put down next to Head-Princess (V 7). Now she also
changed her name, and she used her winter-dance name which she
|
used among the LlaiJasiqwala. Now she told her winter-dance
|
95 name to the chiefs. It was Chiton (V 7). She said, "That is my
||
name which I obtamed from my father." Thus she said. Then
|
all the chiefs dressed up; and after they had done so. Chiton (V 7) was
asked by Y6x"yagwas, '"What shall we say when we go about to
|
|
call the people?" Thus he said. Then Chiton (V 7) said, "Your|
word is good, for we must use the way of speaking of the LlaiJasi-
500 qwala in this winter-dance of HoLelid. These will be your words:
||
'Now we walk to invite you, shamans, to wash your eyes in the
|
house of our friend HoLehd (V 6),'" she said. "And after him, the
|
others will also say, 'Now, arise, and wash j-our eyes, so that the
|
secular season may come off from your eyes, for our season| has
5 changed, and you will see the winter-dance season.'" Thus said||
Chiton (V 7), giving instructions to them. "And that is all that|
you will say," said she to them. Then she called Yox"yagwas,| and
whispered to him, saying, "Please ask the song-leaders not to come|
into the house, for I will go and teach them the songs of the ghost-
|
10 dancers at the supernatural place when all the tribes are in the|1
l5^ yasEkwa, qEnu^x" yasEkiimde, l5^ dEUEma, qEnu^x" wiiseg'a-
90 nowa; wa, he^mesEnu^x" gwegwesp!eqLa," ^nex'^lae.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^wFla ax^etsE^we LeLEqElasE^was qa-s g^axe
glg-alllEma yis KMedelEma^ye. LaEm^xae LlayoxLa. Wa, laEm^ae
hexLalaxes tsIagEXLayo laxes L!a,L!aseq!wena^ye. Wa, laEm^lae
^nelases ts!agEXLayo LegEm laxa g'lg'Egama^ye Q!anase. "Wa,
95 he^mEn LegEme laxEn ompa," 'nex'^lae. Wa, laEm^lae qlwalax'^Id
^naxweda g'ig'EgS.ma^ye. Wa, g-iPsm^lawise gwalExs laa^l wiiLa-
sE^we Q!anase yls Y6x"yagwase: " Wek' !alaLEnu^x" laxEnu^x"
qats!axstalaeneLa?" ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae ^nek-e Q!auase: "La^mox
ek'os waldEmaqos, qaxs L!aL!Eseq!waIa6x ts !aq !ena^yaxs HoLelide.
500 Wa, g'aEms waldEmlg'a: 'La^mEnu^x" qasaai' pepExalai', qa^s laos
ts'.oxstod lax g'okwasEns ^uEmokwe HoLelide'," ^uex'^ae. "Wa,
la^lae «neg-ap!a^ya waOkwaseq. Wa, la^lae ^nek-a: 'Wa, Lax^wid,
qa's laos ^wrla ts!ox"st6da qa lawayesos babaxusta^yaq !6s, qaxs
Ir/maex ogux^IdEns ^nalax, qa^s dox^waLElaosaxa ts!agEdz6x
5 ^nala,'" ^nex'^ae QIanasaxs laa^l Lexs^^ilaq. "Wa, heEm waxax'^I-
dalaLes waldEmLaos," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, hcEm^lawis la Le^lalilatsex
Yox"yagwase, qa-s opaleq. Wa, la^lae ^iiek'Eq: "Wax las axkMa-
laxa nen^gada qa kMesese g-ax ogwaqa hogweLa, qEn laLEn
q!aq!oL!amatsa qlEmqlsmdEmaxsa lElolalala lax'da^xQqwe laxa
10 ^nawalak!iidzasa, yixs g^axeLase ^wi^laeLos g'6lg'ilkQl6taq!6s,"^iiex'-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 915
house." Thus she said to him. Then the chiefs went out of tlie 11
|
house who were going to call for HoLehd (V 6); and they followed
I
the instructions given by Chiton (V 7), and they spoke at the doors
I
of all the houses. Then Yox^yagwas whispered to the song-leaders,
|
teUing them what Cliitou (V 7) had said to him. As soon as the 15||
chiefs had gone four times inviting, all the members of the Sparrow
|
Society—men, women, and children—came in, but none of the
|
song-leaders came. Then Chiton (V 7) went out of the rear door of
|
her house to the Supernatural Place, for there all the song-leaders
I
were sitting down. Then Chiton (V 7) spoke and said, "Thank 20|| |
you, friends, for it is just now given to you to keep these songs.
| I
mean I will divulge the songs of my father which I was given
| when
I was his ghost-dancer. Now, listen! for I will smg them now."
|
Thus she said, and took a cedar-stick, which she used as
|| a baton. 25
First she sang with fast beatmg of time the foUowmg song of
| the
ghost-dancer:
|
1. Yamamaa xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha
|
xamahamae hamamama! I was carried down by the ghost-
woman, yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamame
I !||
2. Yamamaa xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha 30
xamahamae hamamama ! I was made to walk down by the ghost-
woman, yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamamae ! I
'laeq. Wa, hex'^Ida^Em^lawise lax'da^x" hSquwElseda g'lg'igama- n
^yexa qasElgisas HoLelide. Wa, &x"da^x"^Em^lawise la nEgEltEwex
Lexs^alayas QIanase, qagwek'!alats lax t!Exilasa 'naxwa g"igokwa.
Wa, laEm laLa Yox"yagwase aolEnoLEmaxa nenagade nelas waklE-
mas QIanase laq. Wa, g'U^Em^Iawise moplEne^steda g"Ig'Egama^ye ^5
qatse^staxsg'axae'wFlaeLa ^naxwa gwegwats!Ema LE^'wa gwegiits.'ax-
sEme LE-wa gwagugwedzEme. Wii, laEm'Iae k'!eas g-axsa nenS,-
gade. Wa, he-'Em4awis la aLEX'SE^wats Qlanasa t!EnxLa^yasa
g'okwe, qa^s lii laxa ^nawalak!udzase, qaxs he-mae la ^wFla k!uts!E-
dzatsa nenagade. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise yaqlEg'a^le Q!anase. Wii, 90
la^lae ^nek'a: " Gelak'as la ^ne^uEmok" al^maweso ts!Ewe lax'da-
^xoLxwa daliixwa q!Emq!EmdEme; ^ne^'nak-ile qaxg'ln a^mcLEk-
etiilt lEndElg'in q!Emq!EmdEmk' hixEn ompaxgin laolEk' lEloliilai
laq. Wa, la^mets hoLelalqEk', qEn dEnx^idesEk','' ^ex-^Iaexs lae
ax^edxa klwa^xLilwe, qa^'s tlEmyay^. Wii, hcEm-liiwis gil dEnx^rda- 95
yoseda tsaxala qlEmdEmsa lElolalale. Wii, g'a^meseg^a:
1. Yamamaa xamama yamamalia xamamamamame yamamaha
xamahamae hamamama lelaxaiisElayox"d6xs le]Ewalana<^a-
—x"de, yamamaha xamama yamamaha xamamamamame.2.' t6waxaesElayox"doxs lelEwalanagax^de
30
' The burden of the first line is repeated in the second and third lines.
. |
916 ETHXOLOGV UF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. anx. 35
31 3. Yamamaa xamama yamamaha xamamamamame yamamaha
xamahamae hamamama! Tliti supernatviral watcher walked
with me underground, yamamaha xamama yamamaha
|
Xamamamamame !
|
Chiton (V 7) sang only tliree verses of the song with fast time beat-
ing for the song-leaders. Immediately the song-leaders had
I
35 learned the ghost-dancer's song with fast time beating. Then they
||
told Chiton (V 7) to go ahead and sing the next song of the ghost-
|
dancer, for they thought that there must be another song with
|
slow beating of time. Immediately Chiton (V 7) began beating|
slowly. This is her song—
1. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama
||
40 yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! I was carried down by|
the ghost-woman, j^amama xaxamama yamama xaxamama
|
yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he he he !
|
|
2. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama
yamamaha xaxamama he he he he I was taken into the house
45 by the supernatural watcher, yamama xaxamama yamama||
xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he
he he!
|
3. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama
yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! The forehead dross of the
ghost-woman has been put on my forehead, yamama
|
xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha
xaxamama He he he he ! I
31 3. toyowapElayox"doxsq!omesilax'd6^nawalak" yamamaha
xamama yamamaha xamamamamame.
Wa, yudux"sEmkMEnalaEm^laeda tsaxala g'ildzagums Q!anase
qaeda nenagade. Wit, hex'^idaEm^Iawise q!aFededa nenagadaxa
35 tsaxala q'.EmdEmsa lElohlhile. Wa, lax'^da^xwe waxax Q!anase, qa
et!edes dsnx^its waokwasa q!EmdEmasa Islolalale qaxs k'otax'da-
^x"^maaqe nEqaxEla tlEm^yasas wadkwas. Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise
edzaqwa dEnx^Ide QIauasasa uEqaxElas t!Emyase. Wa, g"a^meseg"a:
1 Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama
40 yamamaha xaxamama he he he he. Lax'dEn lelaxaasEla-
yux"dEs lelEwalanagax'de yamama xaxamama yamama xa-
xamama 3'amama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama he he
he he.
2. 'ya lax'dEn laeLEmae lax g'okwasQ!6mesilax"de *nawa-
45 lakwe .
3. lax'dEn esak'Eyotsos esak"ewex"des lelEwalanagax'de
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 917
4. Yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama 48
yamamaha xaxamama he he he he ! The neck-ring of the ghost-
woman has been put around my neck, yamama xaxamama
|
yamama xaxamama yamama xaxamama yamamaha xaxamama
he he he he !
||
It is said that the number of the songs of the ghost-dancer is only 50
two; and when all the song-leaders could sing the two songs, they
|
I
came out of the woods and entered tlirough the rear door of the
dancing-house. Now, HoLelid (V 6) and the other chiefs of the
| |
numayms did according to the instructions given by Chiton (V 7)
the preceding night. They had nearly done everything that had to
II 55
be done before they went to catch the ghost-dancer. Then Chiton
|
and the song-leaders came in through the rear door of the dancing-
|
house. They liad not been m a long time before aU the different
|
ways were finished. Then the cannibal-dancers were made excited,
|
and they first went out, being excited; and next to them followed 60
||
those who had been told to go by Chiton(V 7) following the cannibal-|
dancers; and finally the Sparrow Society men, women, and children,
went out. When the cannibal-dancers came near to the point of
I
land, the cry, "Hamamamama!" was heard on the other side of the
I
point; and all the cannibal-dancers tumbled about and feU down
j
on the rocks. Then the war-dancers went to them to see why they 65
||
were falling down on the rocks; and when they came up to them,
j
|
4. Lax'dEn qax'osa^yasos eyaxulax"des lelEwalanagax'de 48
Wa, heEm ^waxaats q Ismq JEmdEmasa lElolalale ma^ltsEm^Em^lae. 50
Wa, g'lPEm^lawise ^naxwa q !aleda nenagadaxa ma^ltsEme q lEmq !Em-
dExs laa^l hox^wultla, qa^s lii gayEmx'sa lax tlEnxLa^yasa lobE-
kwe. Wa, laEm^lae q liilyalag'illl^me HoLelide LE^wa g'lg'Egama-
^yasa ^nal^nE^memase aEm uEgEltEwex Lexs^alayas Qlanasaqexa
ganuLe. Wa, laEm^lawise Elaq labEndEx ^waxax'^idalaasas gwayi- 55
^lalase qaeda kimyaLaxa lElolalalaxs laa^I hoxsowe QIanase LE^wa
nenagade lalaxa t lEnxLa^yasa lobEkwe. Wa, k"!es^lat!a gaelExs lae
gwalallle gwegwalag'ililasas. Wa, laEm^lae ^naxwa xwaxiisoweda haa-
mats!a. Wa, he^mis gil IFiweIsexs lae xwexwakwa. Wa, he^mis la
mak'Ilaqe gwE^yas QIanase, qa mak'ilaxa haamatsla. Wii, la^mesLa 60
ElxLa^ya gwegwatslEme LE^wa gwegiits laxsEnie LE^wa gwagugwe-
dzEme. Wii, g'il-'mese Elaq laelbEndeda haS,mats!a Ifixa awilba^yaxs
laa^lase hamamamaxe apsadza^yasa awilba^ye. Wa, hex'^idaEm'la-
wise ^nilxwa he gwex's wlwunal^ededa haamatsla, qa^s yaqumg'aale.
Wa, la^lae gwjisteda tetox^wide, qa^s la dox^widEx senatlalils lag'ilas 65
j^aqiimgaaie. Wa, glPEm^awise lag'aax'da^x" laqexs laalase edza-
918 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 36
67 the cry "Hamamamama!" was uttered again on the other side of the
point, and they all staggered about and fell down on the rocks.
|
70 Then the Sparrow Society men, women, and children ran up to| ||
them to see what caused them to fall down; and when they came|
up to them, the cry "Hamamamama!" was uttered again on the
other side of the point from the place where they were walking, and
|
all of them staggered about and fell down on the rocks. Now only|
the many ghost-dancers were alive. Then some ghost-dancers took|
75 Qlex'sesElas (V 4) and led her into the winter-dancing house and1|
put her into the sacred room in the rear of the dancing-house, at|
the place where they had dug the hole. Then other ghost-dancers|
sprinkled with urine those who were lying on the rocks, struck by the
ghosts; and after they had sprinkled the people struck by the
I
ghosts, they uttered the cannibal cry, became excited, and ran
I
gQ away from the rocks. They went into their dancing-house, into||
their sacred room at the left-hand side in the rear of the dancing-
house. When they were in, the men, women, and cMldren of the|
I
Sparrow Society also went in and sat down at both sides of the
|
ghost-dancers who were sitting in the center of the rear of the
|
dancing-house, because they did not want any of the Sparrow Society
§5 people to come near the hole that they had dug, for they did not||
want anyone to see it. When they were all inside, HoLehd (V 6)
|
asked the song-leaders to sing the song of the ghost-dancer. Im-
|
qwa hamamamaxe apsadzE^yasa Jlwllba^ye. Wa, hex'^idaEm^laxaa-
67 wise pepeLEla, qa^s yaqumg'aale. Wit, laEm^awisa gwegwatslEme
LE^wa gweguts!axsEmc LE-\va gwagugwedzEme -naxwa dzEJx^wIda,
qa^s la dox^widEx lagulas ^naxwa ^Em la yaxyEq !we. Wa, g"iPEm^la-
y^ wise lag'aa laqexs laa^laxaase edzaqwa hamamamamaxeda apsadza-
^yasa ftwllba^yas g'iyEmgllalasas. Wii, la^'lae ^naxwaEm pepeLEla
qa^s yaqiimg'aale. Wa, lex'aEm^lawise la q!weq!uleda qleuEme
lelElolalala. Wa, laEm^laeda waokwe lelElolalal ax^edEx Qlex'sesE-
lase, qa-s la laeLas laxa lobEkwe, qa^s lii laeLas laxa lEme^lats!e lax
75 naqoLewalilasa lobEkwe laq!alaEmxa ^labEgwelkwe. Wa, la^lae
xos^ideda waokwe lelElolalaltsa kwats!e laxa lelEWElkwe la yaxyE-
q!wa, qaxs gilnaxwa^maa^l xos^itsE^weda lEWElkwaxs lanaxwae
hex^^idaEm hamts!Eg"a^la, qa^s lii xwak" dzElxula, qa^s la laeL laxa
lobEkwe, qa^s la lacL laxa lEme^lats!e lax gEmxotewalllasa lobEkwe.
80 Wii, g'iPEm-liiwise ^wi'laeLExs haa^l ogwaqa hogwiLa gwegwatslEme
LE^wa gweguts!axsEmc LE^wa gwagiigwedzEme, qa-'s liiEl k!us^all
laxa ^wax"sbalilasa lelElolalalaxs he^maaLal kludzela naqoLewalilasa-
lobEkwe, cjaxs k"!esae helq!alaq nExwabalasa ^LabEgwelkwasa gwe-
gwatslEme, qaxs k'!esae ^nex' qa dox'waLEleses ^uEmokwa laq.
85 ^^' g'il^mese ^wFlaeLExs liia^lase HoLelide axkMalaxa nenagade, qa
dEnx^edeses qlEmdEmasa lElolalale. Wii, hex"'idaEm^lawise sEk"5-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 919
mediately they sang the song with fast beating; and after they 88
|
liad finished, tliey sang tlae song with slow beating; and after they
|
had sung it, the head song-leader, whose name was Hanag'atsle, 90
||
arose and spoke. He said, "O friends! difficult are these songs
| |
which we have now. These are the songs of the supernatural power.
|
These two songs which we have sung were obtained by our friend
|
Qlex'sesElas (V 4) when she went to the house of the supernatural
|| 95
power. After he had said so, he sat down. Qlex'sesElas (V 4) did
|
not come and dance. Now HoLelid (V 6) asked all those chiefs of
|
the numayms whose children had never danced to come in the
|
evening and to work the lasso; and he also asked the members of
|
the Sparrow Society—men, women, and children—to come and
|| 600
pacify the ghost-dancer. After he had spoken, Chiton (V 7) brought
|
out the copper bracelets to the place where HoLelid (V 6) was stand-|
ing. He gave them away at once to all the members of the Spar-
]
row Society; and when each had been given one, they went out of
the dancing-house. Wlien it was almost evening Y5x"yagwas,|| 5
I
and his friends, the chiefs of the numayms, and the song-leaders, came
|
in. Then Cliiton (V 7) thanked them for coming, because it was|
really not the wish of HoLelid, because he did not know the ways
|
of the winter dance of the L !aL lasiqwala, nor his tribe, because they|
dayowa tsaxala q lErndsma. Wa, g'lPEm^lawise q lulbaxs laa^l edza- 88
qwasa nEqaxElas tlEm^yase. Wa, gil^Em^lawise q'.ulbaxs laa^lase
Lax^iilila Laxiima^yasa nenagadexa Legadas Hanagatsle. Wa, la^lae go
yaqlEg'a^a. Wa, la^lae ^nek-a: "^ya, ^ne^nEmok". PasEmalag'i^la-
kwawesEiiu^x" laxg'anu^x" dalasok" ytxg'ada qlEmqlEmdEmk'. Wa,
yuEm waldEms hayalilagasaoxda liiqEnu^x" sEqoyaxwa ma^tsEmex
q!Emq!EmdEma yauEmaxsEns ^nEmokwae Q!ex'sesElasa laxes
laasdae g'okwasa hayalllagase," ^nex'^laexs laa4 k!wag-allla. Wa, 95
laEm^lae hewaxa g'ax yix^wid^lae Qlex'sesElase. Wa, aEnr'lawise
HoLelide la helaxa ^naxwa bebaxiitslEdzesa g-Ig-Egama^yasa ^nab'iiE-
^memase, qa g'axeltsexa ganuLe dadEnx"silalxa ximayowe dEnEma
l6^ ^naxwe^ma gwegwatslEme LE^wa gwegtltslaxsEme Lo^ma gwagii-
gwedzEme, qa^s tEmElqwelxa lElolalaie. Wa, gih'Em^awise q!wel-e- goo
dExs g'axae Q!anase ax^alilElasa L!aL!Eqwak' line k' lokiila lax LiVwi-
lasas HoLelide. Wa, hex-4daEnr1awise yax^wlts laxa ^naxwa gwe-
gugiidza. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise ^wi^lxtoxs laa^l ^wPla hoqiiwElsa laxa
lobEkwe. Wa, g-tl^Em^awise Ehiq dztxqwaxs g'axaa^l hogwiLe
Yox"yagwase LE^wis ^ne^nEmokwa g'lg'Egama^yasa^nab'nE'memase, 5
LE^wa nen&gade. Wii, hex-^daEmHawise Q!anase molas gaxeLle-
na^yas, qaxs ala^maa^l k- le^s naqa^ye HoLelide, qaxs k' !esae
qlaLElax gwayi^lalasasa LlaLlasiqwalaxs ts !ats !exsllaaxa ts!ets!eqa.
Wa, he^mises g-olg'iikulote, ylxs k- !esae doqidaenoxux gwayi^lalasas.
920 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth axn. 35
10 had never seen its ways; and therefore she thanked the chiefs for||
coming with the song-leaders; and Chiton (V 7) also said to them,
|
"Now go and call our tribe when it gets dark. You, Yox"yagwas,|
I
shall say, when yon go and stand in the doorwaj^s of the houses of|
15 the tribesmen, 'Now, shamans, let us try to pacify our friend||
Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4), the ghost-dancer!' [for now
|
hername was changed] and after that your friends shall say: 'Now, I|
beg you to pacify our friend Supernatural-Power-coming-up (Vi),|
this great one obtained by magic;' and your friends shall say after
|
20 you, 'Now, Y5x"yagwas, I engage your secular child here,||
to try to capture our friend Supernatural-Power-coming-up, so|
that she may turn her mind toward us and become secular.' Thus
they will say; and then your other friends will say after this,|
together with you: ' Go ahead, go ahead, go ahead ! Hurry up ! We|
shall call only once.' " Thus said Chiton (V 7) as she gave instruc-|
25 tions to them. ' ' Now you will only speak the way I told you ; and
|| |
do not forget that one must ask the unmitiated children of the
chiefs, because they are the ones who wiU restore the ghost-dancer,
|
I
Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 7)." Thus she said.
|
30 As soon as it grew dark, the chiefs dressed themselves and called||
m the Wliale Society ; and when they had dressed themselves, they|
10 Wfi, he^mis lagitas molasa g-Ig-Eg&ma^yaxs g-axae hogwTLEla LE^wa
nenagade. Wii, LVlaxae ^nek'e Qlanasacj: laEms lal qats!a-
xstalalxEns g-olg-iikiilotax, ylxs laLe p lEdEx-tlsLsi. Wa, g'a-
^mets waldEmLOseg-a Yox"yagwas, qas5 lal qlwastalll laxox
t'.etlExilaxsox gig'okwaxsEn g-6lg-iikiilotax: ' La^mEus nanaqa-
15 maLai' pepaxalai' laxEns ^nEmokwe ^nawalak-ustalisai"" (laxa IeIo-
ialale gwE^yos, qaxs lE-mae LlayoxLa.) "Wil, laLox ^neg-abE^wcLos
'nsmSkwaqos: 'LaEms lal wax^idEl nanaqamalxEns ^uEmokwai'
^nawalak-ustalisa ^ne^uEmokwa laxwa ^walasex Logwala.' Wa, la-
Lox ^neg-abEwcLos ^nEmokwaqos: 'La^mEn heloLai' baxuts!Edza-
20 yaq!osai' Yox"yagwasai', qa's laLos laloLlalxEns =nEm5kwai'
«nawalak-usta,lisa, qa gwasos^ides baxQs^Ida, ^uex-Le.' Wa, he^mis
lal ^neo-aba'yaasltsos waokwaqos ^ne'uEmokwa laxos ^UEmadzaku-
laeneEmi.ex: 'Wii, wa, wa, halag-ililtsai' ^nEmp!Eiigilts!axstalaEm-
LEnu^x" ' " ^nex-^lae Q!anasaxs laa^l Lexs^lax-da^xwEq: "Wa, laEms
25 ^uEmEml gwek-!alasLEn la waldEmx-da^xoL. Wii, he^'mis qa^s
k-!easa6s LlEleweso, qa's helasE'^wos hix bebaxutslEdzE^yasa g'lg'E-
gtima^ye, qaxs he^mae n^qEmx"'Idamaslxwa lElolalalex li\xox ^nawa-
lak-ustiillsex," ^nex-'lae.
Wii, gil'Em'^lawise plEdEX'^ldExs laa^las 'naxwa qlwiilax'^ideda
30 g-ig-ig&ma^ye, ylxs he«mae lEgtixLalax gwegilyime. Wii, gih'Em-
^lawise gwal qlwiilax'axs liia^l hoquwEls Laxa lobEkwe. Wii, g^^-iibEl-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 921
went out of the dancing-house to the north end of the village; and 32
|
when they came to the north end of the houses, they went in, stood
|
in the doorway, and Yox"yagwas followed the instructions of
|
Chiton (V 7) as to what he was to say, and also the others; and when|| 35
all had said their words, they went out, and they went to the houses
|
of the south side and went into those too; and they did the same
|
as before when they spoke. They went into all the houses, and then
|
they went into the winter-dancing house. There they took a rest.
I
They did not stay there long, then they went back. Some
|1 of the 40
Sparrow Society people were coming in already; for those who went
|
inviting said, whenever they went into the houses, "Now we come
|
back to call you," and they spoke together. Thus they went into all
|
the houses of the village. Then they entered the dancing-house
|
and took a short rest there; but before they had been sitting
|| there 45
a long time, they went out again to call; and what they said when
|
they went the third time was when they first entered the doors of
|
the houses of the village, "Now we come back again to call.
| Get
up, get up!" they said. And when they reached the end of
| the
houses of the village, they went back into the dancing-house and
||
took a rest; but they did not sit down there long before they arose 50
and went out again a fourth time. Now they reaUy tried to get
|
I
all thosewho were sitting in their houses. Starting at the north
| end
sa^latlexa g'6x"dEmse. Wa, g'U^Em^lawise labElsa laxa gunxa^ye 32
goktixs laa^l hogweLa, qa^s la qlwastolllax tiExilas. Wa, la^lae
Yox"yagwase &Em UEgEltodEx Lexs^alay&s QIanase, qa gwek'!alats
LE^vis waokwe. Wa, g iPEm^awise ^wilg-alile waldEmx'da-xwas 35
laa^l hoqiiWElsa, qa^s laxat! laxa ^nalalase g-okwa, qa^s laxat!
hogwiL laq. Wa, ax"da^x"^Em-laxaawise UEgEltodxes g'ilx'de
gwek'lalasa. Wa, gib'Em^lawise ^wilxtolsaxa g'igokulaxs laa^l
hogwiL laxa lobskwe, qa^s la x'os^id laq. Wa, kMes^latla gaelExs
laa^l qatse^sta. Wa, g'ax^Em^lawiseda waokwe gwegiidza hSg^wI- 40
LEla, ylxs he^niae waldEmsa qasElg'isaxs lanaxwae hogwiL laxa
g-okula: "La^mEnu-'x" qatse^stai' laxes ^nEmadzaqwaena^ye."
Wa, gipEmxaawise ^wllxtolsaxa g'okulaxs lae hogwiL laxa lobE-
kwe, qa^s liixat! yawas^Id x'osalll laq. Wii, k' les^'Em^laxaawise
gael k!udzll laqexs laa^l edElts!axsta qatse^sta. Wit, hcEiu waldEm- 45
sexs lae yuchix^plEiie^sta, yixs ^nek'aaxs g'fdae hogwiLa lax t!et!E-
xiliisa g-okiila g'a^mes waldEmseg'a: "La^mEnu-x" edElts.'axsta
qatse^stai'. Wa, wa, wa, LaLai-ax-'wId," ^nex-^lae. Wa, giPmese
labElsaxa g"ox"dEmsaxs lae et!ed hogwiL laxa lobEkwe, qa^s laxat!
x'os^Id laq. Wa, k'!es^lat!a gael kJiidzelExs laa^l qlwagalil, qa^s 50
la hoquwElsa. Wa, laEm-lae mop!Ene^sta. Wa, laEm^lae alax'^idEl
wa-wIgElIlaixa k!udzela laxes gig'okwe. Wa, heEm^laxaawise
922 ETirXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann. 35
of the village, and going into the houses, they said at the same time,
|
55 "We are looking for a face, now we are really lookuig for a face.
||
Now, get up, get up !" Thus they said, and they did not leave the
|
house until the house-owner went out. Then those who were
|
lookhig for faces followed him, and they barred the door behind.
|
They continued doing this in aU the houses. After they had been
|
60 to all the houses, they themselves went in and barred the door of||
the dancing-house. Then aU the Whale Society men were seated.
I |
Now HoLelid (V 6) arose and spoke. He said, "Indeed, all my
|
friends, indeed, let us carry out our plan. I thank you for
|
55 commg into the dancing-house, because it belongs to us. Therefore||
I ask you to take good care, friends; to take care that we make no
|
mistake, friends. Let us all be careful! That is what I say.
|
|
Now get ready, you who hold possession of the breath (songs) !" He
meant the song-leaders. Then he sent all the members of the
|
70 Wliale Society to sit next to the ghost-dancer Supernatural-||
Power-coming-up (V 4). Then all the members of the Whale|
Society went beliind the sacred room of the ghost-dancer. They did
|
not stay there long, then they uttered the sound of heahng, and the|
song-leaders began the song of the ghost-dancer with fast beating;
|
the ghost-dancer Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) did not come
53 g'abEteda gwabalasasa g-ox"dEmse. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise laeL laxa
gokwaxs lax'da^xwae ^nEmadzacjwa ^neka: "Dadoqiimai', la^mE-
55 nu^x" alax-^id dadoqiimai'. Wa, wa, wii, LaLaLaLax^wId,"
^nex'laexs laa^l kMes la lowaLas. Wa, giPEm^lawise ^wria lawElse
g'ogwadiisexs laa^l ElxLa^ya dadoqiimElg'ise, qa^s he'me la LEuex'^i-
dEX tiEX'ilasa g'okwe. Wa, hex'saEmMawise gweg'ilaxs laxtoda-
laaxa g'lg'okwe. Wa, g-lPmese ^wllxtolsaxa gig'okwaxs laa^l
60 hogweLExs hiie. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise LEnex'^idEx t!Exilasa
lobEkwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwalExs laa^l ^naxwa k!iis^allleda gwe-
gfiyime. Wii, heEm^awis la Lax^ulilats HoLelide, qa^s yaq!Ega^le.
Wa, la-'lae ^nek-a: "QiiLaLEns ^nax" ^ne^uEmok"; qaLaLEUs laxEns
senat !alilex. Wa, gelakas^laxs g-axaex ^wMaeLa laxEns lobEkwex
65 EnyaeLEns axnogwatsox. Wii, he^mesEn lagila hayaL !6lil ^ne^nE-
mok", qa^s y&Llox'da^xwaos laxa yaLloxxil, aLEns amelalax,
^ne^UEmokwai', qEus aiag'a-'mel ha^yaLogollL, qsn ^nek-e. Wii,
wag-llla q!iigEmeLEx yoLaxs daiaaqosaxwa hasa^yex." HeEm gwE-
^yoseda nenfigade. Wa, laEm^lae ^yiilaqasa gwegOylme, qa las ^nE-
70 xwalaLElaxa lElohilale liix ^nawalakustalise. Wii,hex-'idaEm^lawise
lax'da^x" ^wi-leda gweguyime iiLadzEudxa lEme^lats!iisa lEloliilale.
Wii, k- !es^lat!a giilaxs liiaMase helek- lEg-a^leda gwegiiylme. Wii,hex--
^idaEm^Lawise dknx^ideda nenagadiisa tsaxala qlEmdEmsa lEloliilale.
Wii, hewaxa'^lat !a g-ax^viilt!allleda lElolalale, ytx ^nawalakustalise.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 923
out, although they sang the whole song with fast beating. When 75j
II
the song-leaders stopped singing with fast lieating of time, Yox"-
yagwas came out of the sacred room, and spoke. He said, "O
j j
shamans ! listen to what I am going to say ! I am very uneasy on
j
account of the way the ghost-dancer, our friend Supernatural-Power-
coming-up, is acting. She does not pay attention to us, although we 80
||
are singing for her. It seems that she wants to go down into the
|
ground. It seems that she is held by something invisible. Try to
|
sing again, friends!" He meant the song-leaders. At once they
|
began and sang the song of the ghost-dancer with slow time beat-
|
ing, but she did not come out to dance while they were singing. 85
II
When the song-leadere ended the song, Yox"yagwas spoke with a
I
loud voice. He said, "The ghost-dancer is ah-eady going down into
|
the ground." Then the front of the sacred room went down, and
|
Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) was seen by the Sparrow
Society, Her legs as far as her loins were in the ground. Then 90
j ||
Yox"yagwas and his friends talked aloud and told HoLehd to get a
|
long rope to put a noose around the waist of Supernatural-Power-
j
coming-up before she had gone too deep into the ground. Immediately
|
HoLeUd took the lasso and put one end around the waist of Super-
j
natural-Power-commg-up (V 4). They passed one end of it under 95
||
the two poles in the hole that had been dug, in which Supernatural-
|
yixs wax'^mae la labEndes q IsmdEme tsaxala. Wa, g'lI^Em-lawise 75
gwal dEnxEleda nenagadiisa tsaxalaxs g'axaa^l g"ax^ult!allle Yox"-
yagwase laxa lEme^latsIe, qa^syaq lEg'a^le. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya,
pepExalai', waEntsos hoLelaxgin waidEniLEk", qaxgin L5ma^mek'
nolasox gwaelasaxsoxda lElolalalex laxEns ^uEmokwox ^nawalak'us-
talisex, yixs k"ets!Emaex qIasElaxEns wanena'ye q!Emtaq", yixs 80
ax'st !aax"^maex lalabEtallla yixs haex gwex's nexElaliltsowa yisE-
nu^x" k'!esa dogula. Wa, weg'a gunx'^Id edzaqwax ^ne^nEmok"
dEnx^idEx." HeEm gwE^yoseda nenagade. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
sEk'od qa^s denx^Idesa uEqaxEla q lEmdEmsa lElolalale. Wii, laEm-
•laxae hewaxa g-ax^iilt!alllax wawasdEmas dEnxEla. Wa, glpEm^la- 85
wise q!ulbe dEnxena^yasa nen&gadaxs laa^lase hadzExstale Yox"ya-
gwase, ^nex" laqexs lE^mae labEtalilEleda lElolalale. Wa, he^mis la
tsaqaxaatsa lEme^latsle. Wa, he^mis la^l dox-'waLElatsa gwegtidziix
^nawalakustalisaxs lE^maa^l ^wilbEtallles gogiguyowe lag'aa laxes
ewanolg'a'ye. Wa, laEm^lae Yox^yagwase LE^wis ^ne^uEmokwe 90
hadzExstala axk" !alax HoLelide, qa ax^edesex gilt!a dEUEma, qa^s
x'imoyodes lax ^nawalak'ustalisaxs k"!es^mae wtingEg'ila. Wa,
hex'idaEm^lawise HoLelide la &xe^dxa x'imayowe dEUEma, qa^s la
qEiioyots apsba^yas lax ^nawalakustalise. Wii, laEm^lae ts!ox"so-
yEwe oba^yas laxa dzengele lax ots!awasa 'labEgwelkwe lax la 95
924 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. as
96 Powor-cominr^-up (V 4) was standing, so that it was this way.' When
everything had been done, the head of Supernatural-Fower-
|
coming-up (V 4) remained outside the hole. Then the members of
|
the Wliale Society took hold of the lasso as it was going down into
|
700 the ground; but they were not strong enough to hold it, and the
||
end of the rope nearly went down, for a strong man was sitting at
|
the end of the hole, just behind the cross-poles and the upright in
|
the hole, one of the strongest men of the ghost-dancers of the
|
Kwakiutl. There are two of them in the hole—he and Supcr-
|
5 natural-Powor-coming-up (V 4)—and they pull the lasso over the
1|
crosspiece inside the hole, where it is tied with the oily split kelp.
|
When the end of the lasso had nearly gone into the hole, HSLelid
|
(V 6) spoke, and said, "Tie down the end of the magical rope, that|
I may engage some one!" Thus he said. Then he asked an un-
|
10 initiated poor man to come and take hold of the lasso. ImmediatelyH
the son of one man of theLaalax's^Endayo numajon took hold of
|
I
the lasso and pulled at it, and he pulled part of it out of the floor.
|
When the rope stopped coming, the boy stood still, and then his
|
15 father gave cedar-bark blankets to the Ma&mtag'ila. He gave one to||
each. After he had given them awa}', he called his son to sit
|
down. Then HoLeUd (V 6) named another uninitiated poor man|
96 Lax"ts!Ewats ^nawalak'ustalisexa g"a gwaleg'a.' Wa, g'iPEm^lawIse
gwalEXs laa^lase tiEbEtowe ^nawalak'ustalise. Wa, laEm^lae ^na-
xwaEm^l la dak'lEua^ya gwegiiylmaxa x'imayowe dEUEmaxs laa^l
ts!Enx"bEtalilEla. Wa, laEm^lae wilLeda gweguyime uanexalaq, qaxs
700 lE-'maa^l Elaq qlulbeda dEUEme, qaxs a^mae la k!wats!&weda laklwe-
mase bEgwauEm laxa aLEbelts!awasa ^labEgwelkwc lax awap!a^yasa
dzenqa^yasa dzoxiinie lax 6ts!awasa ^labEgwelkwe. Wii, hcEm g'a-
yola l&k!wemase bEgwanEm laxa lEloialalasa Kwag'ule. Wa, laEm
ma^lox"ts!a i.o^ ^nawalak'ust&lise. Wii, hex'^ida^x"mes nexsalaxa
5 X'imayowe dEUEm laxa dzengelexa la 3'lLEx"sa qlEledzala LEbEk"
^wa^wada. Wa, gil^mese Elaq qlulbeda x'imayowe dEUEmxs laa^lase
HoLelide yaqlEg'a^la. AVa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wega yll^alilaxox oba-
'yaxsa nawalakwex dEUEma, qEu helx'^Idag'e," ^nex'^laexs lae g'a-
yaxsdEndalax baxiits lEdza^yasa wiwosilagabEgwanEm,qa las g'U da-
10 k'!Endxa x'imayowe dEUEina. Wa, hex'^idaEm^liiwise la^lae xii-
nokwasa gayole laxa ^uE^memiisa Laalax'SE^ndayowe, qa^s lii^l da-
k'llndxa x'imayowe dEUEma, qa^s nex'edeq. Wa, klwayolk'as^latla
laq. Wa, g'il^mese wala tslEnkwe dEUEmas laa^l Lax-ullleda g'lna-
nEme. Wii, he^mis la yilx'widaats ompasexa Maanitagihisa k' !oba-
15 wase. Wii, laEm^lae ^wIlxtodEq. Wii, g'U^Em-'hiwise gwal j-aqwaxs
laa^l Le^liilaxes xunokwe, qa liis k!wflg'allla. Wii, la^laxae LecjE-
llle HoLelidax biixutslEdza-'yasawIwosElagasa ^UE'memiisaSenLlEme.
>Soe tUrd figure on p. 907.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 925
of the numaym SeiiL !eiu, and liis father did the same. He also gave]
away to the Layalala^we. Then HoLehd (V6) spoke again, and called
| 1|
an uninitiated poor man of the Kukwak !um to take hold of the lasso, 20]
and his father also gave away property to the G'exsEm; and when|
thatwas done,the chief of the Maamtag'ila, Yox"yagwas, stood up|
and spoke, and said, "O friends! it does not seem to be good that
|
only HoLelid takes charge of the magical lasso. Come and sitj 25
II
down Let me go and take charge of the magical lasso, for I truly! j
passed through the magical power of the ghost-dance." Thus he
said as he went and took hold of the rope. NowHoLelid (V 6) sat
I
down, and Y6x"yagwas called the prince of the chief of the numaym
I
Layalala^we, whose name was Tstex^edin the secular season, while 30
||
his u-inter name was Hanag'atsle. He was called by Yox"-
I
yagwas, the prince of Lalep !alas—for he had never been initiated,—
| |
to go and take hold of the lasso. Lalep !alas at once went to take|
hold of the lasso, and puUed at it. The rope nearly came out; and 35
||
when it stopped coming towards him, he stopped puUing. Then
j |
Lalep !alas stood up, holding the lasso; and his father, Hanag'a-|
ts !e, gave away many cedar-bark blankets to the numaym SenL !Em;
j
and after he had given them away, he called his son Lalep !alas to|| 40
come and sit down; and when he had sat down, Yox"yagwas spoke-|
Wa, heEm^laxaawise gwex"4de 5mpas, yax^widaEm'laxaexa La 18
yalalawa. Wa, laHae edzaqwe HoLelide. Wa, laEm^lae LeqElilax
baxtitslEdza^yas wiwosElagasa Kukwak!ume, qa las dak'lEndxa x'i- 20
mayowe dEUEma. Wa, laEm^lawise ogwaqa yax^wide ompasexa
G'exsEme. Wa, giPEm^laxaawise gwalExs laa^lase Lax^ullle g-Ig&ma-
^yasa MaSmtag-ile Yox"yagwase. Wa,la-'lae yaq!Ega%. Wa, la^lae
^nek'a: "-ya, ^ne^nEmok" k' !est!aakwae ek^'e xEULElaena^yas lex'ame
HoLelide aaxsilaxwa ^nawalakwex x'imayo dEUEma. Wa, gelag'a 25
k!wag'alIlEx, qEn lalag'amaw'SLe aaxsilaxwa ^nawalakwex ximayo
dEUEma, qaxgin alegin lax's^ ^nawjilak" laxwa lElolalalex," ^nex-
^aexslaa^l dax'^idxa dEUEme. Wa, laEmlaLa k!wag'allle HoLelide.
Wa, la^Iae LelElilax LEWElgfima^yas g'lg&ma^yasa ^nE^memaxa Laya-
lalawaxa Legadeda g'igama^yas TslEx^ede laxa baxuse. Wa, la 3U
tsIagEXLalax Hanag'ats Wa, heEm^lawis la LeqElelEms Yox"ya-
gwase LawElgama^yase Lalep !alase, ylxs he-mae baxiidzEXLayos, qa
las dakMindxa x-imayowe dEnEma. Wii, hex'^daEm^lawise la^ae
Lalep !alase Laxnilila, qa^s la^l dak' lEndxa x'imayowe dEnEma, qa^s
nex^ede. Wa, k!way6lqas^lat!a laxa dEiiEme. Wa, g-iPEm^lawise 35
wala tslEnkweda dEnEmaxs laa^l gwai nexaq. Wa, a'mese la Lawlle
Lalep lalase dak' llnalllxa x'Imayowe dEUEma. Wa, la^me yax^wide
ompase Hanagatslasa q!enEme k' !5bawase laxa ^nE-memeda SenLlE-
me. Wa, gipEm^lawise gwill yaqwaxs laa4 Le^lalaxes xunokwe
Lalep lalase, qa g-axes kiwagallla. Wa, gil^Em^lawise kIwagalllExs 40
I
926 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ieth. anx. 35
42 again, and said, "Now let the prince of our chief Yiicjwid come. I
|
mean Sewid. He shall come and take hold of the magical lasso.
|
|
45 That is the sou of the chief of the great numaym G'exsEm." Thus
||
he said. Immediately the one who had been named arose and took
|
hold of the rope and pulled at it, and he almost got it out when he
!
was pulling at it. Then he stopped. He held it in his hands and
|
stood stiU. Now the father of Sewid took many cedar-bark blankets
|
50 and gave them to the numaym Kukwakliim, andhegave one to each.
||
When he had finished giving them away, Yaqwid called his
|
prince to come and sit down; and after he had sat down, Yox"-
|
yagwas spoke again, and said, "Have you seen, | shamans, our son,
|
55 mean the prince of Yaqwid, almost got it out? Thatmakesmeglad,||
|
for I began to feel uneasy, because this magic lasso was going down
|
into the ground. That is what I say, friends. Now I will call my
|
prince TsIagEj'os to come and take hold of the magic lasso."
|
60 Then he called his son TslagEyos to go and take hold of|| the rope
for Y6x"yagwas was still holding the rope; and when TslagEyos
|
took hold of the lasso, Yox"j^agwas told him to puU strongly;
|
|
"for," he said, "there is nothing that you can not do, my son."
41 laa^l edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^le Yox"yagwase. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wii,
gelagax'ox LawElgama^yaxsEns g'Tgama^yaqlox Yaqwidax laxox
Sewidax, qa gaxesox dak' lindExg'ada ^nawalakiik" x'Imayo dEUEma
laxox LawElgama^yas5 g^igama^yaqlos ^walas -'nE^mem G'exsEm,"
45 ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise Lax^ulile LeqElilasE^was, qa^s lii
dak- Iindxa dEUEme, qa^s nex-'edeq. Wii, hMsElaEm^lawise k' !es
^wi^loLExs lae nexaqexs laa-1 wala. Wa, aEm^lawise laxat ! dak' !1-
nexa dEUEmaxs laa-1' aEm la La^wlla. Wa, la^laxae ompase Sewide
Sx^edxa q !enEme k' !obawasa, qa^s yax-wides laxa ^ne^memeda Ku-
50 kwaklume. Wii, laEm-laxae ^wilxtodEq. Wii, gll^Em^liiwise gwiil
yaqwaxs laa^l Le^Iale Yaqwidiixes LawElgama^ye, qa g'fixes k!wa-
g'allla. Wii, g'li^Em^liiwise klwag'alllExs Ma^lase edzaqwa yilqlE-
g'a^le Yox"yagwase. Wii, hVlae ^nek'a: "Lammas doqulaa ^nax"
pepaxal? la^me halsElaEm k'les laLEns xOnox"da^xwe laxox LawEl-
55 gRmayaqlos YiiqwidiixEn ^nen.ak'ile, yixs lE^mae cx'^IdEu jiaqa^ye,
qaEn nola, qaxs a^maex lieniEniilaEm ts!EX"bEtallJEloxda ^nawala-
kwex x'imayo dEnEma, qEn ^nek'e ^nax" ^ne^nEmok". Wii, la^me-
sEn LelElIlalxEn LilwElgama^yaq !6x TslagEyosax, qa g'iixliig'iltso
dak'IindElxgada ^nawalakOk' x'imayo dEnEma." Wii, lii-lae Le^la-
60 laxes xunokwe TsliigEyose qa liis laqexs he^mae diik'linaye Yox"ya-
gwasaxa dsnEme. Wii, g'iPEm^lawise TsIagEyose dakMIndxa x'lma-
yowe dEUEmxs liia^lae Yox"yagwase wiixaq, qa iilax'^ides nex'edEq,
"qaxs k'le&saaqos waLEma xiinok"," ^nex'^laeq. Wii, lii^lae hex'^i-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 927
Thus he said to him. Then Ts lagEyos pulled at the rope strongly^
|
and the rope ran out towards him. The ghost-dancer Super-
| 65
II
natural-Power-coming-up stood on the floor in the rear of the house.
She was brought out by the prince of the chief of the numaym
|
Maa,mtag"ila Yox"yagwas, for he is the head man of thenumayms
|
of the Kwag'ui. Wlien the ghost-dancer came out, Ts!agEyos stood
|
still, and Yoxuyagwas gave away many cedar-bark blankets to
| 70
II
the Laalax's^Endayo; and after he had given them away, HoLelid
|
arose again and thanked him because the ghost-dancer had been
|
brought up by the chief of the Maamtag'ila. Then he told the
|
members of the Whale Society to carry back Supernatural-Power-
coming-up (V 4) into her sacred room, which had been put up again.|| 75
When the members of the Whale Society came out of the sacred
I
room after carrying Supernatural-Power-coming-up (V 4) into it,
|
they sat down, and HoLelid gave away many copper bracelets.
|
After he had done so, all the members of the Sparrow Society went
|
out; and when they had gone out. Chiton told HoLeUd (V6) to bar
|| 80
the door of the dancing-house. After H5LeUd (V6)had barred the
|
door, Chiton (V 7) took off the board covering of the boxes con-
|
I
taining the soil, which they had put into the comer of the dancmg-
house; and when they had been removed, she asked HoLelid (V
| 6)
da^me Ts!agEyose Max'^ld nex^edxa dEnsme. Wa, ^Em^lawise
hSyolisa dEUEme tslEnxtiq&lilEla. Wa, g'ax^lae Laxuq&lIledalElolalale 65
^nawalak'ustalise lax ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. Wii, la^me laqalilama-
tsosa LawElgama^yas g'igama^yasa ^nE^memeda Maamtag'ila, yix
Y6x"yagwase, qaxs mEkuma^yaasa ^naxwa ^nal^nE^mematsa Kwaku-
g'ule. Wa, heEni'liiwise laqsllileda lEloialalaxs laa'l aEm la La^wlle
Ts!agEyose. Wa, la^lae yax^wide Yox"yagwasa qleuEme k-!ek'!o-7U
bawas laxa ^uE^memasa Laalax's^Endayowe. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise
gwal yaqwaxs laa-1 Lax^ullle HoLelide, qa^s moles laena^yas laqall-
lamasa glgama^yasa Maamtagiliixa lElolalale. Wa, heEm^lawis la
axk' lalatsexa gweguylme qa dayakili^lEmex ^nawalak'ustalise, qa^s la
laeLEm laxes lEme^latsIaxs lE^maa^l helkwa. Wa,g'ipEm^lawiseg'ax 75
hox^wiilts lallleda gweguytmelaxeslaenax'de dayakElIlax^nawalak-us-
taiise. Wa, la^lae klfls^alila. Wa, la^ae yax^wide HoLelidasa
q!enEme L!aL!aqwak-!En kMokiila laq. Wa, gll^mese gwalalilExs
laa^l ^naxwa hoquwElsa gwegiigfldza. Wa, giHEm^awise la ^wilwul-
SEXS laa^l axk-!ala^lae QIanasax HoLelide qa LEnex'^idesexa t!EX"I- SO
lases lobEkwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwal LEneke HoLelidaxa t!Exl-
laxs laa^l axode QIanasax pepaqEya^yasa dzedzEqwatslala k- !ek' !Em-
yaxLa mExel laxa onegwilasa lobEkwe. Wa, gipEm^lawise ^wi^l^xs
laa^l axk- !ala lax HoLelide, qa las dadanodEq, qa^s la xwelaqa la
928 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann.35
85 to help cany it and put it back into the hole. When all the boxes
|1 |
had been emptied out, they put them back into the corner. Then the
|
hole was filled up again. Now the ghost-dance was finished. The
|
dancer was wearing cedar-bark, mLxed wliite and red, as her head
90 and neck ring, and on the head-ring a tail-feather of the eagle was
| ||
standing up. That is all about the ghost-dancer.
|
Now it was one month since the three children (VI) of HoLelid (V6)
had disappeared. Then Chiton (V7) told her husband HoLelid (V6)
|
|
to call the Wliale Society in the evening; namely, the chiefs of the
numayms and the song-leaders, and to ask them to come into the
|
95 dancing-house. When they were all in, Chiton (V spoke, and1| 7)
said, ' Thank you, chiefs, for having come in to listen to what I am
I
going to tell you. Indeed, our winter dance belongs to the L!aL!a-
|
siqwSla, and therefore I want you to come and listen how the
|
dance for the tlu'ee who have disappeared is handled by my tribe the
|
800 L !aL lasiqwala. I want us to go to-morrow to catch them, for we||
never dance the whole night before catching them, as is done by the
|
Kwag"ul. We will just follow the way the ghost-dancer was
|
caught. HoLelid (VG) will call our tribe in the mornmg; and there
|
will be again four war-dancers and four frog-dancers and four
j
5 throwing-dancers. They will have their sacred songs and fourH
85 giixtslotsa dzEqwa laxa ^labEgwelkwe. Wa, g'lPEm^lawise ^wHa la
lopEmtsIaweda k" !ik' limyaxLaxs laa^ mEx^alilas laxa onegwile, ylxs
laalaLal qot!eda ^labEgwelkwe. Wii, laEm^lae gwala lElol&lale
laxeq. Wii, laEm^ae niElmaqEle qExima^ye L!agEX"s LE^wis
qEnxawa^ye. Wa, la^lae Laaplale qExima^ye L!agEX"sexa ts!El-
90 k^Exsda^ye ^uEmtsIaxsox kwekwex. Wa, laEm gwal laxa lElolalale.
Wii, he-lat!ala. ^uEmsgEmg'ila x'isaleda yiidukwe sasEms HoLeli-
daxs la^lae Q!anase axk!iilaxes la^wunEme lax HoLelidiixa dzaqwa
qa Lelts !odesexa gweguyime, ylx g'lg'Egama^yasa ^nal^uE^memase
LE^wa nenagade, qa g'axes ^wi^lacLEla laxa lobskwe. Wii, "il-Em-la-
95 wise g'ax 'wFlaeLExs laa^lase QIanase yiiq !Eg"a^la. Wii, la^lae ^uek'a:
'' Wa, g'ax^Ems g'lg^Egame. Gelak'as^la, qa's hoLelaosaxgin watdEm-
LEk", qaLaxs L'.aLlasiqwaladzEsaEns ts !iiq !ena^yex. Wii, yu^me-
sEn lag'ila ^nex" qa^s g-axaos hoLelaxg'a gwayi^lalasgasEn g'okulo-
taeda iJiiL!asiqw51a qaeda juidukwa x'lxisiila, qaEn laene-me ^nex',
800 qEns wiigil k-im3-aLEx lEnsLa, qa^nu^x" k' lets !ena^3-e kik'llnilla
laxes gwegilasos Kwagul. AEmlxaEns uEgEltEwelxEns gwegilase-
daxs laex kimyaxa lElolalaie, yixs Lelts!odaox HoLelidaxEusgolg'O-
kulotaxgaalaLa. Wii, heEmixaawise ^wiixox"Lii eolale mokwe, LE^wa
mox"La wiwEq !esa LE^wa mox"La mamEmaq !al qa% yalaqwel yiya-
5 taltsa mosgEme yiyatlala. Wa, gll^Emlwise ^wrtal yalaqwal. Wii,
boas] FAMILY HISTORIES 929
rattles; and when each has sung his sacred song, then the cannibal- 6|
dancer will get excited. They will go ahead of the twelve dancers|
who are singing their sacred songs; and we, members of the Sparrow
Society, shall run after them to the place where those whom we are
|
going to catch will utter their songs. That is all, " said she. "Now I|
shall sing the songs this night with our friends the song-leaders." 10
1|
Thus she said. Then Yox"yagwas thanked her for what she had
|
said. "Indeed, I have obtained this by marriage from the great|
supernatural tribe l !aL lasiqwala. Therefore your speech, Chiton|
(V 7), is good. Why should I not try to do everything as it is done|
by the l !aL lasiqwala ? Shall I not foUow the words of Chiton 15H
(V 7) ?" Thus he said. Wlien they finished their speeches, it was|
late in the evening. Then Cliiton (V 7) took the batons and gave|
one to each of the song-leaders. Then Yox^yagwas spoke, and said,|
"0 Cliiton (V 7) ! do not let us sing in tliis house, else we shall be
|
heard by the tribe. Let us go to Supernatural Place this night!" 20
||
Thus he said. Then Chiton (V 7) was glad. "Only I did not tell|
you quickly, for that is the way it is done by my tribe the l !aL la-
|
siqwala." Thus she said. Then they all arose and went out of the|
dancing-house, and felt their way going into the woods to Super-
|
natural Place. There they all sat down. Now, Chiton (V 7) sat 25
|| |
he^mis lal xwaxusEwasltsa haamatsia qa^s lal g'alabiltsa ma^lOgug-I- 6
yowe ylyalaq'.wenoxwa. Wii, aEmlwIsRus lal q lumx'SEmllgin gwe-
gwatslEmek- lal lax hek' lalasLasa k-im^yasoLaEns. Wa, yu-'moq,"
%ex-4ae. "Wa, la^mesEn etIedEl dEuxElaltsa q!Emq!EmdEmaxwa
ganuLex LE^wiins ^ne^nEmokwa nenagadex," ^nex'^lae. Wii, aEm- 10
4awise mola^lae Yox"yagwasas waJdEmas: "QaLaxgins gEg-adauE-
meg'aq" laxa ^walase ^nawalak" lelqwalaLa^ya LlaL lasiqwala. Wii,
he^mis liigiltsox ek'os waldEmaqos Q!anas. MasEU laLa wawax-
tslEwal lax gwayi^liilasas LlaLlasiqwalaq". Es^maeLEns aEm wiigil
laxox waldEmi^laliixs Q!anas," ^nex'Mae. Wa, gil'mese gwale wal- 15
dEmasexa la giila ganuLa. Wii, laEm^liiwise Qliinase Sx^edxa t!Em-
yayowe, qa^s la tslEwanaqasa ^naPiiEmtsIaqe laxa nenagade. Wii,
la4ae yaqlEg'a^le Yox"yagwase. Wii, lii'lae ^nelca: "^ya, Qliinas,
gwalax'ins yo dEnxEloxda g'okwex, aLEns wGLEltsa g'okulax, qEns
la^me laxa ^nawalak'.udzasaxwa giinuLex," ^nex'^lae. Wii, ala-lat!a 20
uEqa lax naqayalas Q!anase: "EsaeLEU &.Em halala ^nexMa^xoL,
qaxs he^mae gwayayaelatsEn g-oktilota L!aL lasiqwala,"^ nex'Haexs
laa'l ^wPla qlwagillla, qa^s lii hoquwElsa laxa lobskwe, qa^s lii playa-
k'Elaxs Laa^l hoxsakila qa^s lii liixa ^nawalak!udzasa. Wii, lax-da-
^x"^lae ^wi^la klus^Elsa. Wii, laEm^lae UEqlEgelase kiwadzasas Q!ana- 25
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 10
930 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii. anx. 35
27 in the micklle of the song-leaders. Cluton spoke. She said, "I|
shall sing the songs of my father when he was cannibal-dancer, for|
he has four cannibal songs." Thus she said, and slie sang the song|
30 with fast beating. This is it:—||
|
1. No one is now looking for food all around the world, mac hamae
hama hamae!
|
|
No one is now looking for human flesh all around the world; mae
hamae hama hamae !
| ||
35 2. Hamamhamam hahamhama mae harah^m&.hamhamamae hamae
|
hamae he he !
|
No one is now looking for skulls aU arounil the world; mae hamae
hama hamae hama hamae !
|
|
3. Hara^mham&m hahamhama mae hamhamaham hamamae hamae
||
40 hamae he he !
|
No one is now looking for corpses all around the world; mae
hamae hama hamae hama hamae !
|
|
Hamamhamam hahamhama mae hamae hamae!
|
45 When the song-leaders were able to sing it, then she sang with||
slow beating, and this is the song:—
|
1. Where are you going to try to find food for the one who gave you
supernatural power? Hama hamae hama hama!
|
|
26 sasa nenagade. Wii, laEm^lawise 3^aq!Eg'a-le Qianase. Wii, hVlae
^nek'a: "HeEniLEn dEUX'^idayuLe q!Emq!EmdEmasEn ompaxs lavule
hamat!sa laxes ompwula, yixs mosgEmaeda q!Emq!EmdEmas laxes
hamts!ena^ye," ^nex'^lae. Wii, hVlae dEnx^itsa tsaxala qlEmdEma.
30 Wa, ga^meseg-a:
1. KMe&s la hamasahayalas 5we^stahahas ^nala mae hamae hama
hamae.
K" !eas la babakwahayalahas owe^stahas ^nala mae hamae hama
hamae.
35 2. Hamamhamam hahamhama mae hamhamaham hamamae hamae
hamae he he.
K' leas la xaxoqwahayalahas owe^stahahas ^nala mae hamae hama
hamae hama hamae.
3. Hamamhamam hahamhama mae hamliamaham hamamae hamae
40 hamae he he.
KMeas la lalolahayalahas owe^stahahas ^nfda mae hamae liama
hamae hama hamae.
Hamrimhamam hahamhama mae hamae hamae.
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise q!ada nenagadaq laa^l edzaqwa dEnx^tsa t!Em-
45 sawllta^yas t!Em^yase. Wa, g'a^mesega:
1. Wihes qa liamasayalag"ilos Logwalagila. Hama hamae hama
hama.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 931
I went thei'e to find food for Cannil)al-at-North-End-of- World.
|
||
Hamae hama haniae amhama hamae amhamama hamae 50
|
hama hamae hamae hamae hamahamae !
|
2. I have ahnost been brought into trouble by Cannibal-at-North-
End-of- World. Hamae hama hamae !
I |
I almost was kept by Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Hamae 55
||
hama hamae !
|
I was taken into the sacred room of Cannibal-at-North-End- of-
|
World.
I
Hamae hama hamae amhama hamae fi,mhamama hamae hama
|
hamae hamae hamae hamhamae !
||
3. Where are you gouag to try to find a skull for the one who gave you 60
supernatural power ? Hamahahama hamae !
|
|
I went tliere to get skulls for Cannil)al-at-North-End-of- World.
|
Hamae hama hamae !
|
I went there, and red cedar-bark was put on me by Cannibal-at-
North-End- of-World. Hamae hama hamae ! 65
II |
I went there and was given the hox"hok"-cry by Cannibal-at-
North-End-of- World. Hamae hama hamae !
I |
I went there and was given the cannibal-cry by Cannibal-at-
North-End-of- World. Hamae hama hamae amhama hama
I
hamae!
|1
He hex-dos lanogwa hamasayalag'ilts Bax"bakwalanux"slwae^- 48
k'asdeya.
Hamae hama hamae amhama hamae amhamama hamae hama 50
hamae hamae hamae hamahamae.
2. ElahaxkasdEwIsEn tiyamilamatsos Bax"bakwalanux"siwae^k-as-
deya. Hamae hama hamae.
Elahaxk'asdEwIsEii hak!waanEmx"des Bax"bakwanux"slwae*k"as-
deya. Hamae hama hamae. 55
He hex'dos lanogwa laeLEmai lax lEmx'laelasdes Bax"bakwala-
nux"slwae^k'asdeya.
Hamae hama hamae Amhama hamae amhamama hamae hama
hamae hamae hamae hamhamae.
3. Wlhes qae xaxokwayalag-ilaos Logwalag'ila. Hamahahama ha- 60
mae.
He hex'dos lanogwa xaxokwayalag'Ilts Bax"bakwalanux"slwae^-
k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae.
He hex'dos lanogwa qaxosayasos L!aL!aqulax*des Bax"bakwala-
nuxsiwae^k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae. 65
He hex'dos lanogwa h6x"hok!wala lax Bax"bakwalanux"slwae«-
k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae.
He hex'dos lanogwa hamxhamxayag-llts Bax"bakwalanux"sl-
wae^k'asdeya. Hamae hama hamae amhama hama hamae.
932 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii. ann. 35
70 ^\jid when the song-leaders were able to sing tliis song, Chiton
|
(V 7) sang another song with slow beating. This is it:—
|
1. Amae a hame hama hamae hamahame
|
For food searched for me the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-
End-of-World. Hamae hamae hama !
| ||
75 Oh for food searched for me the real Cannibal-at-North-End- -of
|
World!
I
Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama hamae liama hame!
|
2. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
|
hame !
||
80 For human flesh searched for me the real supernatural Cannibal-
at-North-End-of-World. Hamae hamae hama!
|
|
Oh, for human flesh searched for me the real Cannibal-at-North-
End-of-World ! Hama hamae he he he amae hama hamae
|
hamahame !
|
3. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
|1
85 hame!
|
He came carrying a body in his arms, the real supernatural
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Hamae hamae hama !
|
|
Oh, for me carried a body in his arms the real Cannibal-at-North-
90 Eud-of-World. Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama
| ||
hamae hamahame ! i
70 Wa, giPEmxaawise q!ada nenagadaxs lae edzaqwa dEnx^ide Q!a-
nasasa tsag^asilalas tlEm^yase. G"a^meseg'a:
1. Amae ahame hama hamae hamahame.
HamasayalagildEuogwahas Bax"bakwalanux"sIwae^k"asdeL6g.wa-
lak"as-owa. Hamae hamae hama.
75 ^ya lax"dEnogwa hamasayalag"llts Bax"bakwalanux"siwae^k'as-
deya.
Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama hamae hama hame.
2. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
hame.
80 Babakwayalag'IldEnogwas Bax"bakwalanux"siwae^k"asdeya l6-
gwalak^as^owa. Hamae hamae hama.
^ya lax'dEnogwa babakwayalagilts Bax"bakwalanux"slwae^k"as-
deya. Hama hama6 he he he amae hama hamae hamahame.
3". Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
85 hame.
G"ax^Emx"dEWise q!aq!a}Elakasaha Bax"bakwalanux"siwae'k'as-
deya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hamae hama.
^ya, g'5xdEnogwa q!aq!alElag-ilts Bax"bakwalanux"siwae^k'as-
deya Logwalak"as-owa. Hama hamae he he he amae a hame
90 hama hamae hama hame.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 933
4. Ani llama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama 91
|
hame !
|
He came carrying a body in each arm, the real supernatural
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Hamae hamae hama !
|
||
Oh, he carried a body in each arm, the real supernatural Cannibal- 95
at-North-End-of-World. Hama hamae he he he amae
| a hame
hama hamae hama hame !
|
|
5. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
|
hame !
||
Oh, I was made to eat corpses from both sides of my mouth 900
by the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World.
|
Hamae hamae hama !
|
Oh, I was made to eat corpses from both sides of my mouth
by the real supernatural Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World.
|
Hamae hamae he he he | amae a hame hama hamae hama
hame !
||
And when the song-leaders could sing this also, Chiton (V 7) sang 5|
also this one:
|
1. Oh, I try to eat the food left by the real supernatural Cannibal-
|
at-North-End-of-World.
I
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae hama-
mahae 11 hamae hamamae hamame ! I 10
4. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama 91
hame.
G"ax^Enix'dEwise ^wax'SEnkiilak'as^a lolnEkulakas^a Bax"bakwa-
lanux"slwae^k'asdeya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hamae hama.
^ya,^wax"SEnkula lolnEkiilak'as^a Ba.x"bakwalanu.x"slwae^k'asdeya 95
Logwalak'as^owa. Hama hamae he he he amae a hame hama
hamae hama hame.
5. Am hama hame hama hame amae a hame hama hamae hama
hame.
^ya, la.x'dEn ^wax'sEmeLamatso lolameLamatsos Bax"bakwala- 900
mix^slwae^k'asdeya Logwalak'as^owa. Hamae hamae hama.
^ya lax'dEn ^wax'SEmeLamatso lolameLamatsos Bax"bakwala-
nux"slwae^kasdeya L5gwalak'as^owa. Hamae hama he he he
amae a hame hama hamae hama hame.
Wa, g'll^Em^laxaawise ^naxwa q!ada nenagadaq, laa^laxaase Q!a- 5
nase edzaqwa dEnx^Ida yisg'a:
1. Ha, lahax'dosxa nogwa hamasayalag'ilaha lax hamagawax'des
Bax"bakwalanux''sIwae^k'asdeyaol Logwalak'as^owa.
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae hamamahae
hamae hamamae hamame. 10
!
934 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36
112 2. Oh, I tr}' to eat the property left by the real siipeniatiiral Canni-|
bal-at-North-End-of-Workl.
1
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae ha-
15 mamahae ]hamae hamamae hamame !
||
3. Oh, I try to eat the copper left by the real supernatural Cannibal-.|
at-North-End-of-World.
|
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaniae hama-
mahae hamae hamamae hamame!
|
|
20 Now the song-leaders could sing the four songs of the cannibal-||
dancer, and Chiton (V 7) wanted them to sing all the songs of the|
frog-dancer and of the throwing-dancer; and Y6x"yagwas told her|
to go ahead and sing them. "Indeed, we shall try to catch all three|
at one time." Thus he said, and immediately Chiton (V 7) sang the
|
25 song of the throwing-dancer. This it is:—|| |
1. Oh, look around for your magic power! Look for it! Aha he|
ya ahil !
|
2. Oh, get yoiir magic power! Yji ahii he ya aha!
|
30 3. Oh, look for your magic power that made you hkc tliis! Look||
for it ! Aha he ya aha
I
4. Oh, catch your magic power that throws down every one! Yii
aha he yii aha !
|
I
11 2. Ha, lahaxdosxa nogwa yaqameLa^yag'ilalia lax yahaeqawex^des
Bax"bakwahinux"siwae^k"asdeya6l Logwalak'as^owa.
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae hamama-
hae hamae hamamae hamame.
15 3. Ha, lahaxdosxa nogwa l !aqwameLa^yag'llaha lax l !aqwagawax'des
Bax"bakwalanux"siwae^k"asdeyaol Logwalak'as^owa.
Maeye hamamaye hamamaye hamamaye hamamamae hamama-
hae hamae hamamae hamame.
Wii, la^me ^wi^lala qialeda nenagadaxa mosgEme q!Emq!EmdEm-
20 sa hamats!a. Wii, la^ae Q!anase ^nex" qa^s ^wi^la^me dEnx^ets
q !Emq !EmdEmasa wEq!ese LE^wa mamaq!a. Wii, hex'^idaEm-la-
wise aEm waxe Y5x"yagwasaq, qa wiig'is i\Em edzaciwa dEnx^ida.
"QiiLaxg'ins ^na^nEmp!Eng"ila^meLEk' kimj^alxwa yudukwcx,"
^nex-^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEui^iiwise dEux^ide Q!iinasas q!EmdEmasa
25 mamaq!a. Wii, g-a^meseg-a:
1. Wa, hag"adaha dox"sEme helxoxs ^nawahalakwiihe 3'iiaha. Wa,
heg'a dohohoqwalii. Ahii he ya ahii.
2. Wii, hiixoxs ^nawahalax"dzcyaqos yii ahii he yii ahii.
3. Wa, heg"adaha dox''sEme helxoxs ^nawahalagumahaqSsa he yii
30 ahii. Wii, heg'a dohohoqwalii. Ahii he ya ahii.
4. Wa, heg'axs gEmxgF.mkag'Ilax ^nawahalax"dzeyahaqos ya ahii
he yii ahii.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 935
5. Oh, take out your magic power from those who lie there dead ! 33
|
Oh, take it out! Aha lie ya aha !
||
As soon as all the song-leaders could sing it, she sang the song
| 35
of the frog-dancer. This it is:—
|
1. Put to rest your great magic power, that the magic power of
|
your winter dance may keep quiet, eya eya eye eye aheya !
|
||
2. Gather up your great magic power that they wish to take from 40
you, else your great magic power will be scattered every-
I
where, ya eya eya eya eya eya eye aheya!
|
I
As soon as all the song-leaders could sing these songs, Chiton (V 7)
stopped singing, and she gave instructions to the Whale
|| Society 45
and to the song-leaders to do the same as they had done
| when they
caught the ghost-dancer, when they were going to catch the cannibal-
dancer, the thi'owing-dancer, and1 the frog-dancer. Thus she said.
And after she finished speaking, they felt their way back,
| when they
came out of the woods before daylight. The whole
| number of them
did not go to sleep. When daylight came, Yox"yagwas
|| and his 50
friends, the Whale Society, dressed up; and while they
| were still
dressing, the sound of the sacred songs of the
| throwing-dancer and of
the frog-war-dancer were hoard at the place where those who had
disappeared and the cannibal-dancers showed themselves. It was
|
5. Wa, heg"a dahamodalahalxos giJnx'giink'ag'ilahaqos ^nawahala- 33
kwii hii yaahii. Wa, heg'a dahamodala. Ahil he ya aha.
Wa, g'il^Eni^axaawise ^naxwa q!asosa nenagadaxs. Laa^l edza- 35
qwa dEnx^Its qlEmdEmasa wEqIese. Wa, g'a^meseg"a:
1. Omatala lag'axs ^nawalax"dzeyahaqos yeha, qa ex'^meltso oma-
t!aLElaaheLos ^nawahalax"dzeyahaq6s ts!ahaets!agalldeeya eya
eya eye eye aheya.
2. Wii, q!ap!egilisaxs ^nawahalax"dzeyahaha dahamaxElagilis lax 40
Slox gwelElis lax getslohowaxElagilisaxoxs ^nawahalax"dze-
yahaqos ya eya eya eya eya eya eye aheya.
Wa, gil^Ein^'lawise Hvi^la la q !aleda nenagadaxa q !Emq lEmdEmaxs
laa4 gwal dEnxsle Q!anase. Wa, aEm-iawise la Lexs^rdaxa gwegu-
yime LE^wa nenagade qa k^me heEmlxat! gwegwalag-illLes'gwegwa- 45
lag illlasaxs lao kimyaxa lEloialale, qo Ifd k'Imyalxa hamatslaLE^wa
mamaq !a LE^wawEq !ese, ^nex'^lae. Wa, gipEm^awise q !wel=IdExs g'a-
xae p!alt!alaxs g^axae h6x^wiilt!axak'!es^Em^nrix'^ida. Wa, laEm^lae
hewaxa mex-eda laxes ^waxaase. Wa, giPEra^lfiwise^nax'^IdExslaa-
^lae Y6x"yagwase hex"^ida q !walax"^Id LE^wis ^ne^nEmokwa gwegii- 50
yime. Wii, hcEm^iiwis ales q!walax'axs g'axaa^lase yiilaq !vvaleda ma-
maq !a LE^wa wEqIese olala laxa ne^lasasa xix'Esala LE^wa hamats!a.
Wii, g'll^Em^lawise wuLax^aLEleda ^nEmokwe bEgwauEm gwegfidzaq
936 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH.ANX.3i
heard by one of the men of the Sparrow Society. Then he ran and[
55 told HoLehd. Immediately Yox"yagwas sent for him to go with||
his friends to call all the Sparrow people to come quickly into the|
dancing-house. Then they only went once to call. When aU had]
come in, they followed the instructions of Chiton (V 7) as to what|
they were to do. After the singers of the secret songs had sung their|
60 songs, all the cannibal-dancers became excited and ran out, and|| |
the Sparrow people followed them. Now the cannibal-dancers tried
to catch the cannibal-dancer, and the thrower-dancers caught the|
thrower-dancer, and the frog-war-dancers caught the frog-war-]
dancer. Then the song-leaders and the Whale Society sang the]
65 songs, and the whole number drove back the many members of the||
Sparrow Society. They drove them into the dancing-house. Then|
they put the dancers into the sacred room in the left-hand corner of
the dancing-house. Then they sang for those whom they had
I
caught; and when all had danced with the songs, they were put|
back into the sacred room friuii which they had come one at a time.|
70 After this had been done, the Sparrow people went out, and then||
the Whale people slept for a while until the evening. Wlien
|
I
evening came, the Whale people and the song-leaders were called,
and they came and sat down in the dancing-house. Wlien it got
I
dark, the Whale people dressed themselves; and after they had1 ||
laa^l dzElx^wIda, qa^s W\ nelax HSLelide. Wa, hex'^id gliomas ^yala-
55 qas Yox^yagwase qa las qas^Id LE^wis ^ne^nEmSkwe Le^lahixa -'na.xwa
CTwecucrtidza, na gaxes ^wl-la halaeL laxa lobEkwe. Wa, lasm^lae
^nEiiip lEugildzaxstalaxs laa-l qas^'ida. Wit, gil-Em^lawise -wMaeLExs
laa^ a.Em nEgsltEwex Lexs^alayox"das QIanase qa gwegilats. Wa,
gil^Em^lawise gwal yiyalaqOleda yiyiilaq Iwenoxwaxs laa^l ^naxwa
60 xwaxusoweda haamats!a, qa^s la hoqflwElsa. Wa, laEm^Iae ElxLaleda
^naxwa gwegugudza. Wa, laEm^lae k'imylda haamatslaxa hamatsla.
Wa, liVlae k-imylda mamamaq !axa mamaq !a. Wa, la^lae kimyalaeda
wa5q!wese eolalaxa WEC(!ese olala. Wit, hVlaLeda nendgade LE^wa
gwegiiyime dsnxElas q lEmq lEmdEmas. Wit, adzek'as^Em^awisEk'
65 la kimyaxsdeg'ada qleuEmk' gwegiigiidza. Wit, la^me kimyaeLEm
lilxa lobEkwe, qa^s la lacLEm laxa lEme^lats!e lax gEmxotewalilasa
lobEkwe. Wii, laEm^lae q!Emt!etsE^weda kikimyanEme. Wa, gil-
^Em^Lawise ^wi^la q!Emt!etsoxs laa^l aLe^stale^lEm lilxes lEme^latsIe
Laxes ^nal-'nEm6k!umkaena^ye. Wit, g'lh'Em^lawise gwalExs liia^l
70 ^wl^la hoqiiwElseda ^naxwa gwegtigiidza. Wit, la^me yawas^Id mex^e-
deda gweguyime Laxeq lala^l liixa hxLa giinul^IdEl. Wii, gil^Em-lil-
wise dzaqwaxs liia^l gwex"^itsE^weda gweguyime LE^wa nenagade, qa^s
o-axda^xwe k!us'iihl liixa lobEkwe. Wii, g'll-'Enriiiwise plEdEx^^i-
dE.xs liia^l q!\valax''ideda gweguyime. Wii, gipEm^htwise gwal
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 937
dressed, Chiton (V 7) instructed them what to say. She told them to| 75
say as follows: "Now, shamans, we will pacify Nawis. (She meant|
the cannibal-dancer). Now we will try to restore to his senses
Qweltses! (She meant the thrower-dancer). Now we will soften
|
the rough winter dancers of ^wrtEnkiilag'llis."| ||
This came from the marriage of Copper-Dancer (IV 19) to the daugh- 80
tor (IV 20) of the chief of the Lawetsles of Chief Gwex'sesElasEme|
(III 13) ; and when all the members of the Sparrow Society liad gone|
in, they first sang for the cannibal-dancer his four songs. Next]
came the frog-dancer, and finally the thrower-dancer; and after all
|
the songs had been sung, HoLelid (V
|| 6) gave away many copper 85
bracelets and many dishes to the members of the Sparrow Society.
|
After he had done so, they went out. For four days they kept in|
their sacred room. Then they were purified in the morning. Then
|
the wash-basins of the new dancers were given to the people, and
I
also the many mats on which they had washed. When this was 90
||
done, it was daylight. | Then HoLelid (V 6) gave away many cedar-
bark blankets. Now that was done. It is said that the Kwag'ul
|
used this winter dance of the LlaiJasiqwala only once.1
|
After HoLelid (V 6) had finished hispotlatch, it was reported that|| 95
Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) was dead. Then they |'sent forNaplElE-
me^ (V 5), the younger brother of HoLelid (V 6), to take his seat, for|
qlwalax'axs laa^lae QIanase Lexs^alaq qagwekMalats. Wa, laEm^lae 75
^nex' qa ^nekes: "La^mEiis y&laLai! pepExalai'lax Nawisai' ." (Laxa
hamatsIagwE^yos.) "La^mEus nanaqamaLai! lax Qweltsesai' ." (Laxa
mamaq!a gwE^yos.) "La^mEns tEniElqwaLai' pepExalai' lax ^wJIeu-
kiilag ilisai'."
Wa, laEm g'ayol laxa gEg'adanEmas Llaqwalale lax g'lgama^yasa 80
Lawetslese lax glgama^ye Gwex'sesElasEma^ye. Wa, gipEm^lawise
^wHaeLeda ^naxwa gwegugtidzaxs laa^l he gil q lEmt letsE^weda ha-
mats !ases mosgEme q lEmq lEmdEma. Wa, la^lae mak'ileda wecj !esaq.
Wii, la^lae ElxLa^ya mamaq !a. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^wi^la gwal q lEnita-
soxs laa^l yax^wlde HoLelidasa qlenEme LlaLlEqwakMln k'!oki1la 85
LE^wa qlenEme leEPwa^ya laxa gwegiigudza. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise
gwalExs laa^^naxwa hoqQwElsa. Wa, he^lat !a la mop lEnxwa^se ^nalii
la lEmela. Laa^lase kwasasE^waxa gaala. Wa, laEm^lae yax^wida-
yoweda kwadzatslaxa dzedzElEla^ya loElqlwe q!exLa LE'wa kwadzE-
dzoweda q!enEm ieEPwa^ya. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwalxa la qlulx'^Id 90
la ^nalaxs laa4 yax^wide HoLelidasa qlenEme k'!ekM6bawasa. Wii,
laEm gwal laxeq. Wa, ^uEmplEnaEm^lae ts!aq!enenokwa Kwag'ulas
ts!aq!ena^yasa L!aL!asiqwala.
Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwal yawixile HoLelidaxs g'axaasa ts!Ek'!al^I-
das Gwex'sesElasEma^yaxs lE^mae wlk" lEx^ida. Wii, la^me nEn- 95
kwasE^we Nap IfilEma^ye, yix tsla^yiis HoLelide, qa^s la Lax"stodEq,
938 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
97 Gwex'sesElasEme^ (III 13) had no other child besides ^iiax'^nagEm
(IV20). The father of HoLehd (V6) had a younger brother called Wa-
I
yatslEwid (IV 22). Wayats!Ewld (IV 22) had a son, Overhanging-|
1000 Mountain (V 8). Not long after HoLelid (V 6) had given the winter||
dance, he was taker; ill, and also his relative Wilyats lEwid (IV 22).
|
He had not been sick a long time when both died. Now Gwex'-|
sesElasEme^—that is, Nap !ElEme^ (V 5)—also died, for he had|
immediately taken thenameof Gwex'scsElasEme^ when he arrived.
|
5 Now only one was living, Overhanging-Mountain (V8). He immedi-
||
ately took the seat of HoLelid (V 6), and he took the name HoLelid|
(V 6) for the winter dance, and his secular name in the numaym La-|
alax's^Endayo. Healso had a seat among theMaamtag'ila, because|
he had a wife from Copper-Dancer from them; and he had a seat in
the Kukwak !um from his mother's side, because the mother of Over-
I
10 hanging-Mountain was a Kukwak !um woman. That is all that I
||
was told. This is the end. Overhanging-Mountain (V 8) had three
I
seats.
I
The Maamtag'ila
1 I shall first talk about Matag'ila, the Grey Seagull. It is said
\
that he was flying along inside of Gwadze-. Then he took a rest at
|
K" !odagala. Then lie desired to lui.ve who.t was a pretty beach,
|
97 qaxs k" leasae ogMa xiinox"s G'wex'sesElasEma^ye lax ^nax'^nagEme.
Wii, la tsla^yanokwe ompas IToLelidas WayatslEwede. Wii, la
xfmgwadEs K' !esoyakilise, yix Wayats !Ewede. Wii, k" les^lat !a gala
1000 gwal yawixile HoLelidaxs laa'l qElx-'wida LE^wis ^nEmwote Waya-
tslEwede. Wii, k' !es^lae gexgaelExs hla^l wik" !Ex-'edax'da^xwa.
W^ii, laEin^laxae ogwacja wik" lEx^ede GwexsesElasEnia'j-e, yix
Nap lElfima^ye, qaxs hex'^ida^maa^l Lex^edEs Gwex'sesElasEma-
-yaxs liia^l lag'aa. Wii, la-'me ^nEmox"^Em la qlOlc K!esoyak"ilise.
5 Wii, lii hex'^idaEm La'x"st6dEx HoLelide. Wii, la^me LegadEs
HoLelide laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wa, la LlaqwalalLa hlxa biixiise laxes
^nE^memota Laalax's^Endayowe. Wii, liixae Lagwexa Maamtag'ila
qa gEgadaena^yas Llaqwalale laq. Wii, liixae Lagwexa Kii-
kwiik!ijme qaes abask"!ote, ylxs Kukwak liimaxsEmae abEmpas
10 KMesoyakslise. Wii, heEni ^waxax-'Idaia wfddEm gaxEn. Wii,
hiEm lilba. Wii, laEm yudux^'sale kiwayas K' !esoyakilise.
The Maamtagila
1 HeEniLEn g il gwagwex-s-alase Miitagila; yixs yaoxda q!wagwe-
nax ts!ek!wa. W'^ii, lii^lae p!ELE-'nakula lax ots!ixLa'yas Gwadza^ye.
Wa, la-lae x-dsnd liix K'!odagiila. Wii, la^lae awidx-idqexs i^k'ae
'
ilwinagwisa. Wii,!ii-iae Iriwuyudxes ts!ek!wagEmle. Wa, laEurlae
BOAS] FAMET^Y HISTORIES 939
and he took off his bird mask and || became a man. Then he built a 5
house, not large. And after he had built his house, it occurred to
\
him that he would walk across to Tsaxis. As soon as he came
|
through, he saw smoke at Malnaano. Immediately Matag'ila
I |
(for some stor\'-tellers say that his name was Matag'ila, || and others 10
say that it was MatmatEla, I but the numaym of the Maamtag'ila say
that those are right who call liim Matag'ila) went there. As soon
|
as he came to the house, he saw a man h*ing on his back
| outside of
|
the house. As soon as the man saw |i Matag'ila coming towards the 15
house, he sat up on the ground. And as soon as Matag'ila arrived,
|
the man spoke, and said, " Tell me, friend, where do you
| I come from ?"
Thus he .said. Immediately Matag'ila repHed, and said,
| "I am
Matag'ila. I come from my house at || K' !odagala, brother. Now I 20
shall also ask you, brotlier, who are you ? " Thus he said. Immedi-
]
ately the man replied, and said, "I am Maleleqala, and now my
I |
name is Odze^stalis, brother." Thus lie said. Then Odze^stalis
|
arose, and he called Matag'ila into his house. || Then they sat do\vii ^^
in the rear of tke house; and Matag'ila saw the wife
| of Odze^stalis
Llfiqwag'ilayugwa, and a young girl Aomol, who was seated at the
I
|
right-hand side in the rear of the house. Then they gave to eat to
bEgwauEmx-'ida. Wa, hxEm^lae g'okwelaxa g'5kwe k-!es ^walasa. 5
Wii, gil-'Emlawise gwale gokwela-'yas lae ^nenk- !ex-'ed qa-s
g'axe tsleqwa g'ag'axa laxg'a Tsaxis. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise g'axsjtxs
lae dox-waLElaxa kwax'Ihx lax Malmano. Wa, hex'idaEm'hl-
wise Matag'ila, —yixs ^nek'aeda waokwe nenEwe/lenoxcjexs Mata-
g'ilax'Lae, wa, lii ^nek^eda waokwacjexs MatmatElaxxae. Wii, lii 10
^nek'eda ^iiE^mcmotasa lyiaamtag'ilaqexs he'mae iiEqaxa Leqidiis
Matag'ila laq,—la qiis-ida qa^s la laq. Wa, g'lFEm^Lawise lag'aa
laxa g'okwe laaEl dox-waLElaxa bEgwanEme t!ek'!Es lax Llasana-
-yases g^okwe. Wii, g'il^Em^lawiseda bEgwiinEm dox'waLElax Mata-
g'ila g'ax gwasolEla lax g'okwas, lae k!wag-aElseda bEgwiiiiEme. 15
Wa, g'tl^Em^awise lag'ae Mfitag'ila laqexs lae yaqlsg-a^leda bEgwa-
nEme. Wii, ]a%e ^nek-a: "Weg'a gwas-'klEx ^nEmwEyot ^wiis
g'iix'^ide," ^nex'^ae. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise Matag'ila iitr'naxmeq,
wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: " NogwaEm Miitag'ila, g'ax'^id laxEii g'okulase
K' !odagala, ^nEinwEyot. Wa, la^mesEn ogwaqal wiiLaLol, ^UEmwEyot. 20
Wii, so'maa angwas," ^nex'-iae. Wii, hex--'idaEmliiwiseda bEgwa-
nEm na^naxmeq. Wa, lii%e ^nek'a: " NogwaEm Maleleqala. Wii,
Ieu la LegadEs Odze^stalise, ^iiEmwEyot," ^nex'^laexs lae LiixHvElse
Odze'stalise. Wa, hviae Le-icLax Matag'ila laxes g-okwe. Wa,
la^lae k!us-iilil lax ogwiwa^lllasa g'okwe. Wa, heEm^hlwis la dox^wa- 25
LE^lats Matag'iliix gEnEmas Odze^stalise, yix L!iiqwag'ilayugwa
LE=wis ts!Ediiq!Edza\ye xunokwe Aomol, yixs kludzelae laxa
helk' lotenvalilasa g'okwe. Wii, lii^lae LlExwilasE^we Matag'ila.
940 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. 3»
30 Matag'ila; and after he had eaten, Matag'ila spoke, || and said, "O|
brother: let me tell yon why 1 come to your house.I 1 came to marry
your princess." Thus he said. Then Odze^stalis replied,I and
|
said, "O brother! [go on, brother!] I take you in." Thus he said.
Then Matag'ila married Aomoi, the princess of Odze^stalis, the
j
35 first chief of the numa\Tn Mama] eleqiiim of the Mamaleleqaia.II Then|
Odze^stalis gave in marriage the name ^maxiiyalidzc to his son-in-
law Matag'ila; and now Matag'ila had the name ^maxQyaUdze
I
after this. I ^maxuyalidze staid four days with his wife Aojuol at
|
40 Mahnano. Then he got ready in tlie morning and II walked across,
going home to his house at K' lodagala. ^maxuyalidze and his wife
j
Aomol had not been living as husband and wife for a long time
|
before they had a son. Immediately ^maxuvalidze said tliat he
]
would walk across until lie came to Matraauo, the v-illage of his
|
fatlier-in-law Odze^stalis. As soon as ^maxuyalidze entered the
ll
45 house, he reported that he had a son. And immcdiaf cly Odze^stahs
|
said to his wife iJaqwag'ilayugwa, "Let my grandson have the
|
name L!aqwag'ila." Tlius ho said. Then Odze^stalis gave this
|
name L!a(iwag'ila in marriage to his son-in-law ^maxfiyalidze as a
|
50 name for his child. Then ^maxiiyalidzc went home || to his house in
Wii, g'iPEm^lawise gwal LJExwa laa^lase yaqlEg'a^le Matag'ila. Wii,
30 la^lae ^nek'a: " 'ya, ^nEmwEyot, weg'ax'in nelasg'in g'a^xenck' laxos
g'okiilasex. Wii, he'niEn gTi^xenexg'in gagak'!ek' laxs k'!ede-
laqos," ^nex"^lae. Wii, lii-lae Odzc'stiilise na^naxmeq. Wa, la^lae
^nek"a: " Weg'a ^uEmwEyot, la^mEn daeLOL" ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^me
Miitagila gEg'adEs Aomole, jix kMedelas Odze^stiilis, ylx g'ilg'alise
35 g'lgame^sa ^uE'^memotasa Mamaleleq !a,raasa Mamaleleqiila. Wa,
la^me Odze^staHse LegEing'ilxLalax ^maxuyiilidzc laxes UEgiimpe
Matag'ila. Wii, laEm i.egade Miitagiliis ^maxiiyalidzc liixeq.
Wii, mop!Enxwa^s lae ^niiliis helii ^mii.xuyalidze LE^wis gEnEnie
Aomole lax Miilmano. Wa, liix^da^x^-lae xwanaHidaxa gaala qa-s
40 lii ts!eqwa. La^lae nii^nakwa laxes g'okwe lax K" !6dagiila. Wii,
kMes'lat!a giila ha^yasEk'ale ^miixuyalidze le^wIs gEnEme Aomolaxs
lae xiingwadEX'-'itsa babagume. Wii, liex'-'idaEm^lawise ^maxiiya-
lidze g'iix tsleqwa qa^s g^iixe liix Malmano liix g'okulasases ue-
gumpe Odze-'stiilise. Wii, glPEm^lawise laeLe ^maxviyalidze laxa
45 g'okwe lae liex'^idaEm ts!Ek'!ril-'idExs JE^mae xttngwadEsa babagume.
Wii, liex-'idaEm-'hlwise Odze-'stalise ^nek^a laxes gEuEme L!iiqwag"i-
layugwa: " Weg'illax'I LegadLEn ts!ox"LEmasL!iiqwag"ila," ^nex"^lae.
Wa, laEm^lawise Odze^stiilise LegEmgilxLaJaxox L!iiqwagilax liixes
nEgumpe ^maxtiyalidze qa LegEms xiinokwas. Wii, laEm^lae nii^na-
50 kwe ^maxttyalidze laxes g'okwe lax KModagiila. Wa, laEm^lae
UOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 941
K' lodagala. Then he named his child L!aq\vag"ila; and i, !riqwag"ila 51
|
grew up quickly. As soon as he was strong enough, he ' askod his
|
father ^maxiiyalidze to make a bow for him and four arrows.
|
Immediately ^maxflyalidze || made a bow of yew wood as a bow for 65
his son L'.aqwag'ila. Wlien the bow and the four arrows were
|
finished, ! ^maxuyalidze gave tliem to his son i. laqwag'ila. Then
|
r. laqwag'ila took the bow and the four arrows and put them down
|
at the head part of his bed, in the evening. Then || he lay down and GO
slept. Now ^maxiiyalidze never questioned his son why he lay
j
down early in his bed. ^maxuyalidze arose earlj- in the morning,
|
|
and went straight to the bed of his son l !aqwag'ila to look at him.
|
Now he was not lying down with his bow, || and ^maxilj-alidze did 65
not know which way his son Llacjwag'ila had gone. Then
| he told
his wife Aomol, and Aomoi forbade her husband to talk about it.
|
Thus she said to him. Wlicn evening came, ^maxi'n'alidze felt
|
uneasy on account of his son. In the night, when it was
| dark, ||
^maxuyalidze sat down in vain outside of his house, waiting in 70
\
vain for liis son to come home. He never came. Then he just went
|
into his house.
\
Now I shaU stop talking about ^maxuyalidze and his wife Aomoi
|
Lex^edEs Llaqwag'ila laxes xiinokwe. Wa, la^lae halag'osta q!wa- 51
^xena^yas Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise. hel^ak" lox^wIdExs lae
axk"!alaxes ompe ^maxiiyalidze qa lEkwilescx lEkMwisa qae l6^
m6ts!aqa haanaLlEma. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^niaxiiyalidze
lEkwIlaxa L!Emq!e qa lEk!witses xunokwe tlaqwagila. Wiii 55
gil^Em^lawise gwala lEk!wise LE^wa mots!aqe haanaLlEma laa^lase
ts!&we ^maxttyalidzas laxes xunokwe Llaqwag'ila. Wii, h¥lac
Llaqwag'ila dax'^idxa lEklwise LE^wa m6ts!aqe haSnaLlEnia qa^s la
ax^alllas lax ogwaxtalllases kwaMcsasaxa laEm dzaqwa. Wii, la^lae
kiilg'a^llla qa^s mex^ede. Wii, laEm^lae ^maxiiyalidze hewaxa CO
wtiLaxes xunokwe lax lag'ilas xEULEla gax'stael la ktilx'^lda
laxes kii^lelase. Wa, laEm^lawise giig'ustawe ^maxuyalidziixa gaiila.
Wa, la^lae he^nakuIa^Em lax ku^lelasases xunokwe Llaqwag'ila
qa^s dox-'wideq. Wii, la^lae k'leas ku^liia LE^wis lEklwIse. Wii,
la^nie ^maxuyalidze k'les ql^LElax gwagwaag'asases xunokwe 65
Llaqwag'ila. Wa, la^lae nelaxes gEUEme Aomole. Wii, jtEm^lawise
Aomole bElaxes la^wunEme qa k'leses gwagwex's^iila liiq, ^nex'^laoq.
Wa, laEm^lawise dzaqwaxs laa^las niinox^wide ^maxuyalidziises
xunokwe. Wii, laEm^liiwise plsdEx'^idaxa ganoLe. Wii, wtll^Em-
^liiwise ^maxuyalidze la klwas lax L!asana^yases g'okwe wOl^Em 70
esEla qa g'axeses xQnokwe nii^nakwa. We, hewiixaEm^liiwise g'iixii.
Wii, aEm^lawise la laeL laxes g'okwe.
Wa, la^mesEn gwiil gwiigwex's^iila lax ^miixuyalidze LE^wis gEUEme
Aomole qEn wag'I gwagwex's^ala lax Llaqwag'ila, ylx nax'Qstae
—
942 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikiu. ann. 36
75 and I shall talk about Lliiqwag'ila who walked straight |1 up the
river K" lodagala when ilay was not near yet in the morning. He
]
went up the small river, and his body became warm when it was
|
day. Then he sat down on the side of the bank of the small river.|
Then he took oil his blanket, and he sat down in the water. And
|
80 he sprinkled his body with water. || Four times he sprinkled himself
with water on each side of the neck. Then he heard in the distance
|
(the cr}^, "Wip, wip, wip!" Thus said what was heard by him.
|
Then Llaqwag' ila guessed what it was— a bird or a quadruped
j
that was heard by him crying. L!aqwag'ila just sat in the water.
|
85 Then it was as tiiough he was dreaming |1 of the cry, " Wip, wip,
wip!" that he had heard at the upper end of the little river. Then
|
he was like waking up from his sleep: and he walked out of the
|
water and sat down where he had left his bear blanket. Then he
|
was a little afraid of what he had heard. He had not been sitting
|
90 for a long time, before he made up his mind to go || home. Then he
arose, and suddenly he heard something saying, not aloud,
|
"iJaqwag'ila go up the river. You wi'l obtain a supernatural
|
treasure. It would be well for you to ])athe again in this river that
|
aU the human smell may come off your body." Thus said what
95 was heard bj^ him. Immediately he took off his bear-skin lilanket
| !l
75 qayamalax was K"!6dagalaxa k'!es^Em ex^ala qa^s ^nax'^idexa
gafda. Wa, kMes-Em^lawise ^uElg'Ila laxa ^wabida^we lae tslE^lx-
^wlde oklwina^yasexa la^me ^nala. Wa, la-lae kIwag'aElsa lax ogwa-
ga^yasa ^wabida^we. Wa, la^lae xEnx'^idxes ^nEx^una'ye qa^s la
k!wa^sta laxa ^wape qa-'s xosltledesa ^wape faxes oklwina^ye. Wa.,
80 heEm^lawis ales moplEna xos^itsa ^wape laxes ^wax'sanolxawa-ye
laa^Iase wuLElaxa qwesaxsdala wip wip wip, ^nex'^lae wuLElas.
Wa, laEni'lawise Lliiqwagila sEn^yastotsa lax gwex'sdEmase Lo-
ts!ek!we l6^ g'ilg'aemasa wiiLElas hek'Iala. Wa, laEm aEm la
kIwastElse Llaqwag'ila laxa 'wape. LaEm'lae he gwex's asm mexE-
85 lases wuLa'laena^yaxa wip wip wipxEla lax -'uEldzasa ^wabida-'we.
Wa, la^lae he gwexs ts!ak"!EgE^nakulasox mexax. Wa, la^lae hVsta
laxa ^wape qa^s la kIwag'aEls lax x"ilq!Edzasases ^nEX'una^ya Lla^ya.
Wa, laEm-'lae kali^'lilla naqa-'yases la wuLEla. Wa, he-1at!a la ge^s
kiwasa. Wa, laEm^lae ale-sta naqa^yas qa^s g'axlag'i aEm na^nak"
90 laxes g'okwe. Wa, laEm^lawise Lax^ulsa laa^lase waLax-aLElaxa
k"!esa hasEla ^nek^a, " HayostaEma Llaqwag'ila laxwa ^wax laxg'as
Logwelg'os. W^a, het!as egase xwelaqaEm la^stEX''ld laxwa ^wax
qa ^wilawesa bEx"'p!alax laxs 6k!wina^yaqos," ^nex'^lae wiiLElas
Llaqwag'ila. Wa, hex'^idaEm^Iawise xwelaqa x'ElxElsaxes LlEn-
95 tsEme ^nEx^una-ya qa^s lii klwa'sta Ifixa 'wa. Wa, laEm^lawise
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 943
and sat, down in the river. Tlien he sprinlded himself with water 96
|
on each side of the neck; and when he had sprinkled himself four
|
times, he heard again the voice: "Wip, wip, wip!" it said. Then
|
he desired to go to try to see it. He came out of the water, and put
|
on his bear-skin || blanket. Then he walked up the river. And he 100
did not go there before lie became warm. He sat down and put
I |
down his bear-skin blanket. Then he arose and went to sit down
|
in the water, and he sprinkled both sides of his neck with water.
|
As soon as he hnd sprinkled himself four times, he heard again the
voice,
II "Wip, wip, wip!" at a place near where he was. Now it 5
was evening. Then he really rubbed his bod^^ with his hands, and
\
threw water upon himself. As soon as he had finished, he came out
|
of the water, and sat down on the ground where he had left his
|
bear-skin blanket. He had not been sitting there long before he
j
started, and he had not been going there long along the river || when 10
he took oS again his bear-skin blanket, and put it down. Then he
|
sat in the water, and threw water on both sides of his neck. As soon
|
as he had sprinkled himself four times, the sound, " Wip, wip !"wip,
was heard liy him, while he turned liis back to the upper end of the
I
river. Then Llaqwag'ila turned around to look for (the sound).
|
What should he see! There was a great house with painted || front 15
with a copper on each side of the door. Then a hamshamtslES ran
|
xosasa ^wape laxes ^wax'sanolxawa^ye. Wa, g'tl^Em^laxaawise 96
moplEna xos^idExs laa^lase edzaqwa wuLElas wip wip wip,
^nex'^El. Wa, laem^Iae iiwulx^idEq qa^s lalagi dadox^waLElaaq.
Wa, la^lae la^sta laxa ^wape qa^s ^nEx^iindeses L!EntsEme
^nEx^una^ya. Wii, liVlae qas^wiista laxa ^wa. Wa, la^lae 100
kMes qwesg"ilaxs lae ts!Elx^wida. Wa, la^lae k!wag'aElsa
qa^s x'ElxElsexes L!EntsEme ^nExiina^ya. Wa, la^ae Lax^uls qa^s lii
k!wa^sta laxa -wa. Wii, la xos^etsa ^wape laxes ^wax'sanolxawa^ye.
Wa, g'il'Em^lilwise mop!Ena xos^edExs laa edzaqwa wuLElnaxwas
wip wip wip laxa ^nExwala lax axasasxa laEm dzaqwa. Wa, laEm- 5
^lae alax^^id giisases e^eyasowe laxes 6k!wina^ye laxes xosaena^yasa
^wape. Wii, g'ilEm^lawise gwiila lae la^sta laxa ^wiipe qa^s lii klwil-
g'aEls lax x'ilq isdzasases L!EntsEme ^nEx^una^ya. Wa, k'les^latla
ge^s k!wiisa lae qiis^ida. Wii, k'!es^lat!a qwesg'ila qayamiilaxa ^wiixs
lae et!ed xEux'^idxes L!EntsEme ^nEx^iina^ya qa^s x'ElxElseq. Wa, 10
la^lae k!wa^sta liixa ^wape qa^s xo^sldexes ^wax'sanolxawa^ye. Wii,
g'ipEm^iiwise mop !Ena xos^kIexs liiaEl edzaqwa wip wip wipxe wii-
LElas liix gwek'alaasas lax -'uEldziisa ^wa. Wii, la^lae ^mEls^ide Lla-
qwag'ila qa^s dox^wideq. ^miisLelawis, ^wiilasa g'ok" kMatEmales tsii-
qEma^yaxa L!aqwa ^nfd^nEmsgEm liix^wax'sotsta^yasa t!Ex'ila. Wa, 15
heEm^lawis ^yalag'ildzatsa hamshamts !Ese l !iisana^yas. Wa, la^lae
944 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36
17 about outsicle of the house. ' Then the hamshamts!Es went back
behind tlie iiouse, starting from the right side of the house. As
j
soon as he had gone back, Llacjwag'ila went out of the water, and
|
20 sat down where he had left his || bear-skin blanket. And it was not
long since he had sat down, when four men came wearing red
|
cedar-bark around their necks, and red cedar-bark around their
heads; and all carried round poles as ! sparrow-canes. They came
|
to the place where i.Iaqwag'ila was seated: and one of them spoke,
j
25 and said, "We are sent by || our friend TsiEk' lExsde to come and
call you to watch us taming Hamsbe^." Thus they said. Immedi-
|
ately Llaqwag'ila arose, put on his bear-skin blanket, and followed
|
I
the four Sparrows. They went into the house, and Llaqwag'ila sat
|
30 down at the left hand side inside of the || door of the house. And as
soon as he had sat down, a man, who was standing in the rear of the
|
house, spoke, and said, "Now, take care, shamans! when we tame
|
our friend Harasbe^, for our friend Llaqwag'ila has come, ana he
] |
sits down by our side in order to see the gift that he is going to get."
35 Thus he said. II Then tlie hfirashamtslEs came in, and cried, "Wi]i,
wip, wipl" And then immediately the song-leaders beat fast time,
I
and they sang a song of the hiimsh2,mts !es with fast beating. And
I
when it was I at an end, they sang a song with slow time beating.
17 aLe^steda hamshamtslEse lax aLand^yasa g'okwe, g'ayag'E lax hel-
k" lodEnwa^yasa g'okwe. Wii, gipEm^lawise la^yag'Exs lae Llaqwa-
g'ila hVsta laxa ^wape qa^s la k!wag"aEls lax x'ilqlEdzasases lIeu-
20 tsEme ^uEx^iina^ya. Wii, k"!es^lat!a ge^s kiwasa g'axaasa mokwe
bebEgwauEm qEqEnxalaxa L!agEkwe. Wa, laxae qeqEx'Emalaxa
LlagEk". Wii, la ^naxwaEm sesek' lak'Elaxa leElx'Ene dzomeg'alaxa
gwespleqe. G'axda^x" lax kiwadzasas Llaqwag'ila. Wa, LVlae
yaqlEg'a^leda ^nEmokwe laq. Wa, la^lae ^uek'a: " ^yalag'Emnu^x"
25 yisEns ^nEmokwe TslEk'lExsde qEnu^x" g'axe Le^lalol qa^s layos
x'itslaxilaxa yalaLax Ha,msba-ye," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
wise Llaqwag'ila Lax'uisa qa^s ^nEx^undeses LlEntsEme ^nEx^una^ya
qa^s lii lag'ixa mokwe gwe^gudza. Wa, la^lae hogwiL laxa g'okwe.
Wa, he^latla k!wag'allle Llaqwag'ila laxa gEmxotstalllas awiLElasa
30 t'.EX'Uiisa g'okwe. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise klwag'alila laa^lase yaqlEg'a-
^leda La-wile bEgwauEm laxa ogwiwa^lllasa g'5kwe. Wa, la^lae
^nek'a: "Wag'il la ^yaLlaLEx pepaxal laxEns yalaeneLaxEns
^uEmokwae Hamsba^ya qaEns ^uEmokwex Llaqwag'ilax, yixs
g'axaex kiwanalil g'axEns qa^s d5qwalex6s LogwiLex, ^nex'^laexs
35 g'axaase g'axeLeda hamshamts!Ese wip wip wipxElaxs g'axae g'axe-
La. Wii, hex'^ida^Em^lawise ^uEmax'^Id Lexdzodeda nenagade qa^s
dEnx^edesa tsaxala qlEmdEmsa hamshamtslEse. Wii, g'iPEmOiiwise
qliilba lae dEnx^etsa nEqaxslas tlsmyas qlEmdsma. Wii, la^lae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOBIES 945
There were three songs with slow time beating, besides the one
| witli
fast time beating. I] There were four songs in all for the hamshamts !es 40
Hamsbe^. (I forgot that as soon as the hamshamts !es came in, he
|
|
bit four Sparrows.) As soon as he had finished dancing, he went
(
into his sacred room. The one who told me the story did not know
|
what was painted on the sacred room. As soon as he had finished, |1
an old man arose. He spoke, and said, "We have tamed him, 45
]
shamans. Now I shall turn to our great friend Llaqwag'ila. Now
|
you have seen the treasure that you obtained, friend Llaqwag'ila,
I
the great dance hamshamts !es, Hamsbe^. Now you will have the
\
name Hamsbe^, || and also this great winter-dance house which has 50
the name ^nEmsgEmsElaLElas." Eagles were sitting on top of
]
grizzly-bear posts en each side of the rear of the house; and men
]
who had red cedar-bark on their heads stood on the heads of the
|
grizzly-bear posts on each side of the door of the house. Those
|
men had red cedar-bark rings who stood on || the grizzly bears on 55
each side of the door, for they were speaking-posts, and the name
|
of the post on the right-hand side was Wawaxemil, and the name of
the post on the left-hand side was G'ag'eqemil. "Now your name
|
wiU be AwaxElagllis in summer; and it will be your chief's
! name;
and your name will be DzElk' lExsde as a member of the Sparrow
I
Society, when your father gives a winter dance." Thus 11 said the 60
yudux"sEma nEqaxEla q!Emq!EmdEms ogu^la laxa ts!axala.
H amosgEmgo^lae qlEm-jlEmdEmas Hamsba^yexa hamshamts lEse. 40
(Wii, hexoLEn LlElewesoxs g'll^niae g'axeLeda hamsh&mtslEse lae
qlEX'^idxa mokwe gwegiidza.) Wa, gil^Em'lawise gwal yExwaxs
lae lats!alll laxes mawile. Wii, laEm k^Ies q!eq!aL!aleda n5sa qaEn-
Lax k' ladEdza^yaxa mawile. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwala laa^lase
Lax^iillleda qlQlyakwe bEgwanEma. Wii, la^lae yaqlEg'a^la. Wii, 45
la^lae ^nek'a: La^mEns yalamasaq, pepaxal. Wa, la^mesEn gwe-
gEmx'^idEl laxEns ^nEmox"dzex laxox Llaqwag'ilax; laEms dox-
^waLElaxes Logwayos, qiist L!aqwag-ilaxa ^walase lildaxa hamshSm-
ts!Ese ylx Hamsba^ye. Wii, laEms LegadElts Hamsba^ye. Wii,
yu^mesa ^walasex ts!iigats!e g'okwaxwa LegadEx g'okwa yls ^uEms- 50
gEnisElaLElas," xwa kwekwekwaxs k!fldzEta^yaaxwa neniinex Le-
Lilmsa ^wax'sotiwalllasa g'okwex. Wa, lax L!eL!agEkumal6x bebE-
gwiiUEmox LeLaxuta^yaxwa neniinex LCLamasa ^wax'sotstalilasa
t'.Exiliisa g'okwex; yExoxda LleLlagskumalax bebEgwanEm LeLaxu-
tawexwa nenanex laxwa ^wax'sotstalilaxsa tiEx'ilax yixs yeya- 55
qlEntlEqaex lax LegadEs WfLwiixemlla helk' lotstalile Lama; wii lax
LegadES G"ag'eqemilxwa gEmxotstalilex Lama. "Wii, la^mets Lega-
dElts AwaxElag'ilis lilxa baxuse, laEms g'IgEXLiilaLEq. Wii, laLe
LegadES DzElkMExsde laxa gwegiidza, ylx asa qo ts!ets'ex^«dLo,'
75052—21—3.5 eth—pt 2 11
!
946 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu.ann. sb
61 speaker oi' the house. Then Llaqwag'ila looked at everythmg in
|
the house; and after he had seen evei-^thing, the house disap-
|
peared.
I
Then Llaqwag'ila was alone sitting on the ground. Now it was
\
65 morning, and Llaqwag'ila only wished to || remain sitting on the
ground for four days. And, when he had finished what he was plan-!
ning during thesefourdays, while he was sitting there,' he arose, took
|
oflE his bear-skin blanket, put it down, and went into the water. Then
|
he sprinkled water on each side of his neck, as he had done before.
|
70 And after he had done so, he came out of the water, || and went to
where he had put down his bear-skin blanket; and he put it on.
|
Then he lay down, and immediately he went to sleep. At once he
|
dreamed of the old man, the speaker of the large winter-dance house.
|
Then Llaqwag'ila dreamed that he was sitting down by his side,
\
75 and || the old man spoke, and said, "You have done weJi, friend,
|
that j'ou did not go home at once, for the\' only wished to try you.
|
Therefore your supernatural treasure disappeared, the great
|
winter-dance house, for you will see it again this evening; for four
|
80 nights we shall tame Hamsbe^, your || supernatural treasure friend
And when he is tamed, we shall go and take the house to
|
the village of your father." Thus he said and disappeared. Now
]
60 'nex"^laeda yayaqlEntEmelasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm'lawise Llaqwag'ila
doqwalaxa ^naxwa gwalaatsa g'5kwe. Wii, g'lHEm^lawise gwal
doqwaqexs lae xisElseda g'okwe.
Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila asm la ^nEmoklus^Em la klwasa. Wa,
laEm ^nax'^idaxa gaala. Wa, jVmese Llaqwag'ila ^nex' qa^s hex'-
65 sa^me kiwase lalaa lax moplEiixwa^se ^nala. Wa, g'll^Em'lawise
gwale k Iwexa^yas lax mop lEnxwa^se helas k Iwadzase laa^lase Lax^fllsa
qa^s xEnx'^Idexes LlEntsEme ^nEx^una^ya qa^s x'ibcElseq. Wii, la^lae
la^sta laxa ^wape. Wa, laEm^lae xosasa ^wape faxes ^wax'sanolxa-
wa^ye laxes g'ilx'de gweg'ilasa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwala lae la^sta
70 laxa ^wape qa^s la lax x'Elq lEdzasases LlEntsEnie ^nEx^una^ya. Wii,
la^lae ^uEx^undEs. Wa, la^lae kulg'aEfsa. Wii, la^lae hex'^idaEm
mex^eda. Wii, la^lae hex'^idaEm mexElasa qlulyakwe bEgwiinEmxa
yayaqlEntEmelasa ^wiilase g'ok", yixa tsliigatsle. Wii, laEm^lae Lla-
qwag'ila mexElas g'ilx klwanuLEmEfsaq. Wii, lii^lae yaqleg'a^leda
75 qlulyakwe bEgwanEma. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "LaEms helaxa, qast,
laxes gwex'^idaasos, yixs k'lesaaqos aEm hex'^idaEm la nii^nakwa
qaxs a^maaqos waLesaso^ lax lag'ilas x'is^ides Logwa^yaSsxa ^walasa
tsliigatsle g'okwa, qaxs dox^waLEla^meLaqosasaqexwa dziiqwaLex
yixg'ins mop lEnxwasilg'axa gaganoLe yalaLEx Ilamsba'yaxes lo-
80 gwa^yos, qiist. Wii, g'il^Emlwise yal^IdEl la^mesEnu^x" liil taotsa
g'okwe lax g'okulasas iisa," ^nex'^laexs lae x'ls^Ida. Wii, laEm^lae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 947
Llaqwag'ila awoke and he went again into the water for
j he wished 83
to get what the old man had talked about. And for a long time he
|
remained sitting in the water; and || after he had sprinkled himself 85
with water, he sat down again on the ground where he had left his
|
bear-skin blanket. And as soon as evening
| came, he arose again
and sat down in the water, and sprinkled his body. And as soon as
|
he had done so, he went to where he had left his bear-skin blanket,
|
and sat down on the ground. And he had just put on his || bear- 90
skin blanket when he saw the great winter-dance house standing
|
on the ground. Then he saw all the old men and the other
| men
walking about in it. Then the speaker of the house, the old man
| of
whom he had dreamed, spoke, and said, "Now, take care, sha-
j
mans! let us tame our friend Hamsbe^." Thus he
II said, and 95
turned to Llaqwag'ila, and he said, "You have done well, friend
|
|
L!ac[wag"ila, that you did not just go home to your house when
i
the great winter-dance house disappeared, when we first came to
tame our great friend Hamsbe^. Now wait until the end of four
||
|
nights. When these are finished, your supernatural treasure will go 2OO
to the village of your father." Thus he said. As soon as he
|
finished his speech, there was the s.ound of "Wip, wip, wip!"
|
inside of the sacred room. Immediately the song-leaders began to
|
sing the song with fast time beating; and as soon as the fast time
tslEX'^ide Llaqwag'ila. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise la et!ede Llaqwag'ila 82
la^sta laxa ^wape qaxs lE^mae awulx^idEx waldEmasa qlulyakwe
bEgwanEmq. Wa, laEm^lae galaxs lae klwa^stEls laxa ^wape. Wa,
g'll^Em^lawise gwal xositasa ^wapaxs lae xwelaqa la kIwag'aEls lax 85
x"Elq!Edzasases LlEntsEme ^uEx'una^ya. Wii, g'iPEm^lawise dzaxsto-
^nakidaxs lae et!ed Lax^flls qa^s la klwa^sta laxa ^wape qa^s xosetle-
des. Wii, g'il'Em^liiwise gwalExs lae lax x'ElqlEdzasases LlEntsfime
^nEx^una^ya qa^s k!wag'aElse. Wii, heEm^lawis ales gwal ^uEx^untses
LlEntsEme ^nEx^una^ya laa^lase dSx^waLElaxs k!waelae laxa ^walase 90
tslagatsle g'okwa. Wii, laEm^lae ^naxwaEm d5qulaxa q!iilyakwe bE-
gwanEm LE^wa al^ogu^la bebEgwanEm giyimgililEla liicj. Wii, lii^lae
yaqlEg'a^leda yayaqlEntemele qlulyak" bEgwanEma, ylx mexax'das
Llaqwag'ila. Wii, la^lae ^nek"a: "Wii, weg'il la yiiL!aLEx pepExal
qEns weg'i yalalxEn ^uEmokwae Hamsba^ya," ^nex'^laexs lae gwe- 95
gEmx'^id lax Llaqwag'ila. Wa, lii^lae ^nek'a: "LaEnis helaxa, qast
Llaqwag'il, yixs k'lesaaqos aEni la na^uakwa laxes g'okwaos, yixs
laex x'lsElseda ^walasex tsliigatsle g'okwaxEns g'ilx'dEme yalaxEns
^nEmox"dze, yox Hiimsba^yex. Wii, laEms lalabaalxwa moxsax
giigEnoLa. Wa, gwiil la^mesox laLa Logwa^yaqos lax g'okiilasas 200
asa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g il^Em^lawise qliilbe waldsmas laasa wip wip
wipxa lax otslalilasa lEme^latsle. Wa, hex'^idam^liiwiseda nenagade
dEnx^edasa tsaxala qlEmdEms. Wii, g'il^Em^awise ciliilbeda tsaxala
948 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 3b
heating was ended, tliey sang three songs with slow time beating.
|
5 And when they had finishedII singing the four songs of Hamsbe,^, he|
went into the sacred room. Then the house never disappeared.
|
And now Llaqwag'ila was invited in to go and see the inside of the
[
sacred room. Then he was asked to lie down inside of the sacred
|
10 room that night. For four || nights they tamed the hamshamts !es.
Then Hamsbe^ was really tamed after this.
| Tlien the old man,
the speaker of the house, said to his tribe the Spirits (for the
|
I
liiimshamts !es was Bax"bakwalanuk", as he was called by the
|
Kwag'ui; and he is called by the Eivers Inlet people Bax"bakwa-
15 lanux"slwe^) || that L!aqwag'ila would go home when day came,
|
with his supernatural treasure, the house named ^nEmsgEmsElai.Elas,
and the great dance hamshamts !es. "Now you will go home,
|
Llaqwag'ila, when it is nearly daylight, for your house is not far
|
away." Thus he said. Immediately Llaqwag'ila arose from the
|
20 place where he was sitting, and wentl! out of the door of the large
liouse, and he walked down the river. And he had not been walk-
|
ing long when he came to the house of his father. Wlien he triedj
to go into the house of his father, he saw a large house coming to
|
the ground bj' the side of the house of his father ^maxiiyalidze.
|
25 I. laqwag'ila || immediately went in to his supernatural treasure, the
laa^lase dsnx^etsa nEqaxEla qlEmdsmaxa yudux"sEme. Wa,
5 gll'mese gwal dEnxElasa mosgEme qlEmqiEmdEms Hamsba^ye lae
lats!alil laxes lEme^latsle. Wa, laEm'lae hewaxa xls^ideda g'okwe
qaxs lE^mae Llaqwag'ila Le^lalaso^ qa^s la L!ek!waqa doqwax 6ts!a-
lllasa lEme^lats!e. Wa, laEm^lae axk"!rdas6^ qa^s he^me kulg'allla
6ts!awasa lEme^lats !axa ganoLe. Wa, laEm^lawise mop!Enxwa^sa
10 ganoLas yalaxa hfimshamts!Ese. Wa, laEm alakMala la yal^ida, ylx
Hamsba^ye laxeq. Wa, laEm^lawiseda q!ulyakwe bEgwaiiEmxa
yayaq lEntEmelasa g'okwe nelaxes g'okiilota haayalilagase (yixs
he^mae Bax"bakwalanuk", yixa hamshamts !Ese, yexs he^mae i.eqE-
layosa g'alasa Kwagulaq, yix gwE^yasa AwikMenoxwe Bax"bakwa-
15 lanux"siwe^), ylxs lE^mae lal na^nax"Le l laqwag'ilaxa laLa ^na^na-
kulal LE-wis Logwa^ya g'okwe LegadEs ^uEmsgEmsElaLElase LE^wa
^walase ladaxa hamshamts lEse. "Wa, hagil la na^nax"L6}, Llaqwa-
g-ilaxwa lax Elaq ^nax^ida qaxs kMesaex qwesalos g'okwaqos,"
^nex'Oae. Wa, hex'^da^Em^lawise Llaqwag'ila Lax^ulil laxes k!wae-
20 ^lase qa^s lit lawEls lax tiEX'ilasa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, la^lae c[asat6-
SEla laxa ^wa. Wa, ^wila^x"dze^lae geg'ils qasaxs g'axae g'ax^aLEla
lax g'okwases ompe. Wa, laEm^lawise wax* lalaeL!a lax g'dkwases
onipaxs lae dox^waLElaxa ^walase g'okwaxs g"ax^mae g'ox^fds lax
apsalasas g'okwas ompase ^maxiiyalidze. Wa, A.Em^lawise Llaqwa-
25 g'ila hex'^idaEm la qas^ida qa^s lil laeL laxes Logwa^ya ^walase
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 949
great house, and sat down in the rear. Then Llaqwag'ila just
| sat 26|
down, and he heard his father ^maxiiyalidze speaking outside of the
|
great house, for he was surprised, ' for the Lirge house had come and
was sitting on the ground.
||
Now (^maxuj-alidze) had forgotten about his prince Llaqwag'ila, 80
that he had felt uneasy about him. Then l laqwag'ila arose and
| went
to the door of the house; and he called his father, and told him
|
that the great winter-dance house was his supernatural treasure
|
and also the great dance hamsh&rats !es, which has the name
Hamsbe^, \ and also the name for ^maxuyalidze during the winter
dance, || TslElk" lExsde. "Now you will have it for j^our Sparrow 35
name." Thus he said to his father. "And your chief name will be
|
AwaxElag'ilis." Thus he said. "And the name of the house is
|
^nEmsgEmsElai.Elas. Now you know why I walked away."
| Thus
said L'.aqwagila to his father ^maxuyalidze. Llaqwag'ila did not
|
show at once his hamshamtslEs and his name Hamsbe^, but he 40
||
gave at once the name AwaxElag'ilis to his father, ^maxuyalidze.
(
From this came the great house of the numaymMaamtag'ila that
|
has the name ^uEmsgEmsElaLElas. I
Then ^maxuyalidze had another son, and he named him Lo^yalal.
|
Therefore the numaj-m Lo^yalala^va || are next to the numaym 45
Mafimtag'ila, who are descended from the elder brother. Then
^maxiu^alidze had a ' daughter, and he named her Agwilayugwa.
|
g'okwa qa^s la k!wag'alil laxa ogwiwalile. Wa, hcEm^lawis ales 26
klwag'alile Llaqwag'ilaxs lae wuLElaxes ompe ^maxuyalidzaxs
yaqlEntlalae lax L!asana^yasa ^walase g'okwa, ylxs q!ayaxaa§
g'axdEmas g'ox^ulsa ^walase g'okwa.
Wa, la^me LlEle^wexes LEWElgSma^ye Llaqwag'ilaxs nanokwaas. 30
Wii, la^lae Llaqwag'ila Lax^ulil qa^s la lax tiEX'llases g'okwe. Wii,
hvEm^lae Le^liLaxes ompe qa^s neleses Logwa^yaxa ^walase ts!agats!e
g'okwa LE^wa ^walase lada hamshamtslEsexa Legadas Hamsbe^.
Wa, he^misa LegEme qa LegEms ^maxiiyalidze laxa ts!ets!eqa, yix
TslElk'lExsde. " Wa, laEm las gwedzExLalaq," ^uex'^laexes ompe. 35
" Wa, lal las g'lgEXLalax AwaxElag'ilise," ^nex'^lae. " Wa, lox
Legadoxda g'okwaxs ^uEmsgEmsElaLElas. Wa, laEms q lal^aLElaxEn
lag'ila qas^ida," -nex'^lae Lliiqwag'ilaxes ompe ^maxuyalidze. Wa,
laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila k'les hex'^id nel^edamasxa hamshftnits !Ese
LE^wis LegEme H&msba^ye. Wa, l&La hex'^idaEm Lex^edEs AwaxE- 40
lag'tlise laxes ompe ^maxuyalidze. Wa, hcEm g'ayolatsa ^walase
g'ox"sa ^nE^memotasa MaSmtag'ilaxa Legadas ^nEmsgEmsElaLElas.
Wa, la et!ed xungwade ^maxiiyalidzasa babagume. Wa, la Lex^e-
dEs Lo^yalal laq. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas mak'ila ^nE^memotasa Lo^ya-
lalawa lax ^nE^memotasa ^nolawallla Maamtag'ila. Wii, la et!ed 45
xungwade ^maxuyalidzasa ts'.Edaqe. Wa, la Lex^edEs Agwilayugwa,
950 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Uciu. ann. 35
47 This name was <i:ivcii in marriage by his father-in-law Odze^stalis, i'or
the nsimo of his | daughter. Then he had a son, and ^maxuyalidze
|
50 named his son LEnslEndzEm. Now || ^maxuyalidze and his wife
Aomol had four children,- -three boys and
! one girl. '
Wlien the four children of ^maxiiyalidzc were all grown np, \
LEnslEndzEm was made angry by his eldest brother Llaqwag'ila.
|
55 Then LEnslEndzEm just went and lay down II in his bed; and he was
considering whether it would be best for him to leave his elder
|
brothers, because they always made him angry. When it was
nearly daylight, he arose from his bed and went out of the
| door.
|
He walked and went down to tlie beach where a ! small canoe of his
60 father was. Then he went aboard and paddled, and
ll he came out
of Gwadze^, and he passed Tsaxis when daylight came.
[ And he
went right on that day. And in the evening he arrived at a good
|
beach in a bay. There he saw many killer-whales; and when
|
|
65 LEnslEndzEm landed, he stepped out of his canoe; and the || killer-
whales went out of the bay. Then LEnslEndzEm named the bay
|
Maxas. He built a house there, just like the house of liis elder
[
brother Llaqwag'ila at K' lodagala. Then LEnslEndzEm said that
|
his ancestor was Matmatsla. (LEnslEndzEm) is the ancestor of the
|
47 laEm LegEmg'tlxi.es nEgtimpase Odze^stalise qa LegEms tslEdaqe
xunox"s. Wa, la et'.ed xungwadEsa bEgwauEme. Wa, la ^maxu-
yalidze Lex^edEs LEnslEndzEm laq. Wa, laEm^lae mokwe sasEmas
50 ^maxuyalidze EE-'wis gEuEme Aomole. Wii, laEm yudukwa bebE-
gwanEme, he'misa ^uEmokwe tslEdaqa.
. Wa, he^latla la ^naxwa cj liilsq liilyax^wlde mokwe sasEms ^maxG-
yalidze, wa, laEm^lawise LlolElayowe LEnslEndzEmases ^n5last!EgE-
ma^ye Llaqwag'ila. Wa, la^lae aEm la kulg'allie LEnslEudzEme
55 laxes kMelase. Wa, laEm^lae doqwala qa^s he eg'ase lalag"! bSses
^no^nEla cjaxs hemEnala^maeLlolalaso^s. Wa, laEm^lawise gweme lax
^nax'^ide laa^lase Lax^iilll hixes ku'lelase qa-s la lawEls laxa tlEx'ila.
Wa, g'ax^lae qas-ida qa^s la lEnts!es laxa L'.Ema^ise lax ha^nedzasasa
ama^ye t'.Egiinses ompe. Wii, la^lae laxs laqexs lae sex^wida. Wii,
60 laEm^lae g'ax^wiiltslaia lax Gwadze^. Wa, la^lae hayaqax Tsaxise
laa^las ^nax'^ida. Wa, lie^nakiilaEm^lawisexa ^nala. Wa, laMae
dzaqwaxs lae lag'aa laxa ek'e &winagwisa ots!alisa. Wa, heEm^la-
wis doqidatsexa q'.euEme miix^enoxwa. Wii, g'ipEm^lawise Lehs-
lEndzEme lag'alis qa^s laltawe laxes ya^yats'.e laa^las ^wFla lalts!a-
gc weda max^enoxwe laxa ots!alise. Wa, laEm^lae LEnslEndzEme
Lex^edEs Maxas laxa ots'.&lise. Wa, laEm g"okwelaxa g'okwe laqxa
he^me gwex'se g'okwas ^nolase Llaqwag'ila lax K" lodagala. Wa,
heEm ^nek'e LEnslEndzEmaqexs MatmatEla.x'Laes g'llg'alise bEgwa-
nEma. Wa, heEm g'ilgalitsa Madilbe. Wa, lox ^nek'a alex
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 951
Madilbe; and therefore nowadays the Maamtag'ila say (so) to the 70II
Madilbe; and therefore I all the privileges of the Maiim tag' ila
numaym of the Kwakiutl and of the MaHmtag'ila of the Madilbe are
|
the same. The privileges were obtained by LEnslEndzEm by theft
[
from his master L!aqwag'ila. Therefore this is a disgrace for the1
Madilbe [from the Maamtag'ila of the Kwakiutl], on account of ll Leus- 75
lEndzEm, the youngest of the children of ^maxiiyahdzo. 1 have
never learned from what tribe the wife of LEuslEudzEm came, nor
|
the name of his wife, by whom he had four children. Therefore
| |
there are four numayms among the Maoilbe. I shall tr}^ to find|
this out. That is the end. ||
Marriage with the Comox
The ancestors of the Comox lived at PEntlatch, and they had for i
their chief HeklutEn (II 1). He married TeseL !a (II 2) , the princess|
of Ts lananamex" (II). They had not been married long when TeseL !a
|
(II 2) was with child, and gave birth to a boy. Hek liitEn (II 1) at|
once gave away blankets to his tribe, and he named his child 5
II
NEmuEmEin (III 1). Then HekliitEn and his father-in-law Ts la-
|
nanamex" (I 1) wished the child to get married early. They did |
I
not know where to get a wife for NEmnEmEm (III 1) among his tribe,
bEgwauEma MaSmtagila laxa Madilbe; wa, he^mis lag-ilas ^nEma- 70
x'Ise ^naxwa k'!ek'!Eso^sa ^nE^memotasa Maamtag'iliisa Kwag'ule
Lo^ ^nE^memotasa Maamtag'ilasa Madilbe. Wa, laEm giloLanEme
LEnslEndzEmax k- !ek- !es^'ases g'i^ye Llaqwag'ila. Wa, he-'mis
q'.Emasa Madilba^ye laxa Maamtag'ilasa Kwag-ule, qaxs amayinxa-
^yae LEuslEudzEmas sasEmas ^maxuyalidze. Wa, lEn hewaxaEm 75
q'.aPaLElax gwaenoxwasas gEUEmas LEnslfindzEme l6^ LegEmas
gEUEmas, ylx la g'a^yanEmatsexes mokwe sasEm bEgwanEmx'sa,
yix lag'ilas mosgEmakluse ^nal^iiE^memasasa Madilba-'ye. Wa,
la^mesEn qlaq'.e^staaLEq. Wa, laEm laba.
Marriage with the Comox
G-oktlla^lae g'alasa Qlomox^se lax PEnLlatsa. Wa, la g'lgadEs 1
Hek'.utEne. Wa, la gEg-adEx-^idES TeseLla yix k'ledelas Ts!anana-
mexwe. Wa, k' lest !a gala hayasEk-alaxs lae bEwex^wlde TeseL !a. •
Wa, la mayuPitsa babagume. Wa, hex'^daEm^awise HeklutEue
plEs^Idxes g-okulote. Wa, laEm Lex^ets NEmuEmEme laxes xu- 5
nokwe. Wa, la^lae Hek!utEne LE^wis nEgiimpe Ts!ananamexwe
walaqela, qa wax-^mes gax'^id gEg'adeda g-inanEme. Wa, la^ae
k' lelis dogwauEms qa gEnEms NEmnEmEme laxes g'okulota g'a-
lasa Q!omox"se. Wa, la^ae yaq!Eg-a4e HeklutEuax Ts!anana-
952 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35
the ancestors of the Comox ; and HekliitEn spoke to Tslananii-
I
10 mex" He said to him, "Let us go to the village TslEqiilotEn of|
II
the Legwilda^x", for it is said that YaqoLElas (II 3) has Calling-
|
Woman (III 2) as his princess, and YiiqoLElas is chief of the Wl-
waqe^, of the numaym Gig'Ilg&m. HeklutEn and his father-in-
] j
15 law Tslananamex" got ready at once, and five of them went with||
their wives, and NEmnEniEm (III 1) also went. When they arrived,]
they went into the house of YiiqoLElas (II 3). There they stayed over|
night. Then Hek IiitEn paid the marriage money for his son NE-|
mnEniEm (III 1) for the princess of YaqoLElas, Calling-Woman (III 2).
Immediately ' YaqoLElas (II 3) gave the name YaqalEnala (III 1)
20 to his son-in-law. Then his name was no more NEmnEmEm ; and hejj
also gave him the seat of his deceased father, whose name had been
|
YaqalEnala (I 2) , which was the third seat from the head seat among|
theG'Igilgam. Then YaqalEnala (III 1) gave a potlatch with the
j
marriage mat of his wife, which consisted of many mountain-goatskins
and dressed skins, to the ancestors of thej Wlwiiqe^. Now YaqalEnala
25 (IIIl) stayed with the Wlwaqe^, and the double-headed serpent was||
also given to him in marriage by YaqoLElas (II 3) for the winter dance,j
and also thenameof the double-headed serpent dancer; and the name|
for the Sparrow Society of the double-headed serpent winter dancer
is Ts !aq !wa. Then Hek IiitEn (II 1) said at once that his son would|
30 give a winter dance in winter, for Hek IiitEn and his father-in-law
| jj
10 mexwe. Wa, la^lae ^nek'Eq: "Widzax'ins laxa g'okiila lax TslEqQ-
lotEne lax Legwilda'xwe, qaxs ^nex'sowaa k' ledade YaqoLElasas
Laqwayugwa," yixs g'lgXma^yae YiiqoLElasasa Wlwaqa^ye laxa ^ue-
^memotasa G'lgilgftme. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise xwanal^lde Heklfl
tEne LE^wis nEgumpe Tsiananiimexwe. Wii, laxda^x"^lae sEk'iala
15 LE^wis gEgEUEme. Wii, heEm^liiwisLa NEmnEmEme. Wii, lax'da-
^x"^lae liig'aa. Wii, hcEm-lawise g'aeLEleg'okwas YiiqoLElase. Wii,
g'lpEm^lawise xamaelExs laa^l qadzeleda HeklutEne qaes xiinokwe
NEnmEmEme lax k' ledelas YiiqoLElase Laqwayugwa. Wa, hex"^ida-
Em'lfiwise YiiqoLElase LegEmg'ElxLiilax YaqalEniila liixes nEgumpe.
20 Wii, laEm^lae gwiil LegadEs NEmnEmEme. Wii, heEm^hiwisa Laxwa-
^yases ompwidexa Legadolas YaqalEnala, ylxs mama^okwalgoyoe lax
Laxiima'j^asa G'igilgame. Wii, laEm^lae plEs^Jde YaqalEniiliisa
le^waxsa^yases gEUEme q lenEin ^niElxLo LE^wa Elag'ime liixa g aliisa
Wiwiiqa^ye. Wa, laEm^lae xEk' le YaqalEnala laxa Wlwiiqa^ye.
25 Wii, heEm^laxaiiwis k' les^ogiilxLes YiiqoLElasa sisEyiiLiilale liixa
tsietsieqa. Wa, he^mis LegEmsa sisEyiiLiilale SlsEyiJLalale. Wii,
he^mis gwedzEXLiiyos sisEyuLalale Tsliiqiwa. Wii, hex'^idaEm^la-
wise ^nek'e HeklutEne, qa wag'es yiiwixiles xtinokwaxa liiLe
ts !S,wiinx^Ida, qaxs k' iesae doqulaenoxwe HeklutEne LE^wis ue-
30 gumpe Ts iananamexwaxa tsietsieqa. Wii he^mis lag"ilas hex"^i-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 953
Ts lananamex" (I 1) had never seen a winter dance, and therefore he 32|
told him to go ahead. Then YaqoLElas (II 3) asked his carver to go
|
into the woods to make a double-headed serpent, in this way when it is
spread open^, and in this way when it is folded. Immediately
|
|
the carver went into the woods and carved the mask of the double-
headed serpent; but Hek liitEn (II 1) and his son did not know that he 35
II
was working at the double-headed serpent mask for him. When
|
winter came, YaqalEnala (III 1) disappeared, and he stayed away for
|
a long time. Then the ancestors of the Wiwaqe^ caught YaqalEnala,
and he was told what to do. They took him into the dancing-
I
house; and when night came, they pacified the double-headed 40
II
serpent dancer, for that was his name now. Now he wore on his
|
head the mask of the double-headed serpent wliile he was dancing.
|
After he had danced, Hek !utEn (II 1), liis father, stood up and spoke,|
and said, "0 Wiwaqe^! now my prince wiU always stay here; but
|
I shall go home with the double-headed serpent mask to my|| 45
country, that it may be seen by my tribe the Comox." Thus he said.
|
Immediately YaqoLElas (II sent him to go home with the double-
| 3)
headed serpent mask. This was the first winter dance of the Comox,
|
which came from the Wiwaqe^ of the numaym Gig'ilgam of the
|
Legwilda^x". Then Hek liltEU (II
|| 1) left his prince YaqalEnala(III 1). 50
Now, his son had not been left there a long time when his wife, CaUing-
|
daEm waxa. Wa, hex"4daEm^lawise YaqoLElase axk"!alaxa g'itle- 31
noxwe, qa liis laxa aL!e, qa^s sIsEyuLEmlllexag'a gwalega' ylxs dala-
lae; wa, g'iPmese k"!oxwalaxs lae g'a gwaleg-a.' Wa, hex'^idaEm-
^awise la ate^steda g'itlenoxwe, qa^s gitledexa sisEyuLEmle. Wa,
laEm hewaxa g'ayan&le HeklutEne LE^wis xiinokwe YaqalEnalilxa 35
la eaxElaso^ laxa aLlaxa sIsEyuLEmIe qae. Wa, gil^Em^lawise
ts !&wunx^edExs laa^las x"ls*ide YaqalEnala. Wa, galaEm^lawise
xlsalaxs laa^lasa g"alasa Wiwaqe k'Imyax YaqalEnala. Wa, laEm'lae
aEm Lexs^alaso^, qa^s gweg-ilasa. Wii, laEm^lae laeLEm laxa lobE-
kwe. Wa, giPEm^Iawise ganuPidExs laaH nan§,k-amasE^we SisEyu- 40
Lalale, qaxs he^mae la LegEuise. Wa, laEm^lae axEmalaxes sisEyu-
LEmlaxsl ae yixwa. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwai ylxwaxs, laa^las Lax^iilile
ompase HekWtEne, qa^s yaqlEg'a^le. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, Wi-
waqe^ la^mox yux"saEm lEn Lawulg<^ma^ye, qEn lalagiLal na^nak"
LE^woxda sIsEyuLalalex laxEn S,wlnagwisa, qa lalaglltsox x'its!ax-''I- 45
tso^ltsEn gokiilotaeda Q!omox"sa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
wise YaqoLElase ^yalaqas, qa lalag-es na^nakwa LE^wa sisEyuLEmle.
Wa, heEm^l g^il la ts!ets!exLEn laxa Q!omox"se gax-^id laxa Wi-
waqa^ye lax ^UE^memasa G'lgilgEmasa Legwllda^xwe. Wa, lasm-
-lae lowaLe HekWtEnaxes Lawuig&ma^ye YaqalEnala. Wa, kMes-'- 50
Em^lawise gala iowaLases xunokwaxs laa^l bEwex^wide gEUEmase La-
1 See figures in Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition. Vol. V, Plate 49; fig. 4; and Report
of the U. 8. National Museum, 1895, p. 514, 515.
954 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann. 35
52 Woman, (III 2) was with child. She gave birth to a girl. Then Yiiqo-| |
LElas(II 3) gave a name to his grandchild, and he named her Gag'ao-|
lElaga (IV 1) ; and it was not a long time before she gave birth to
55 another child, a boy, andYaqoLElas (II|| 3) gave him a name. He|
named him Ts!Ex^ed (IV 2). Then YaqalEnala (III 1) had two
children with his wife. When G' ag' aolElaga (IV 1) grew up, Yaqo-| |
LElas (II 3) gave his house to his son-in-law as a marriage gift. The|
60 house was built with four steps all around, in the middle of the
||
village of the Wlwaqe^, at Ts lEqulotEn. Now the house belonged to
|
YaqalEnala (III 1), because now he had a son. This is according to
the laws of the Legwilda^x".
I |
Then YaqalEnala (III 1) announced that his princess might be mar-
ried by one of the sons of the chiefs of the tribes, that they should
]
65 come and marry her. This was reported to the Kwakiutl, who
||
lived at Qalogwis.
|
Immediately G"ayosdas (IV 3), chief of the numaym SeuLlEme|
called his numaym the SenL !Em to come into his house. Then he
|
told his numaym that he would go now to marry—the princess of
70 YaqalEnala (III 1) for he had taken the seat of his father-in-law Ya-||
q5LElas (II 3). Then liis numaym wore glad on account of what he
|
had said. They all prepared that day and went out of the meeting.
|
In the morning, when day came, the ancestors of the numaym
I
52 qwayugwa. Wa, la'lae mayol^itsa tsIats'.adagEme. Wa, lieEm^lawise
YaqoLElas Leqela qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs
G'ag'aolElaga. Wa, k" les^lat !a galaxs hix'da^xwae et !ed xiingwadEX'^i-
55 tsa babagume. Wit, hoEm^laxaawise Yaq5LElas Leqela qa LegEms.
Wa, lasm^lae Lex^ets Ts!Ex-ede laq. Wit, ma^lox"^lae sasEmas
YiiqalEnala LE^wis gEUEme. Wit, laEm^Iawise exEntlede G'ag'aolE-
laga, yixs laa^l gokiilxLale YiiqoLElasaxes g5x"de hixes uEgumpe,
ylxshaa^l goklusa gokwe mop lenaxaliles dzoyaqa^yasa nEqetsEma-
60 lasas g"ox"dEmsasa Wiwiiqa^ye lax Ts!Equl6tEne. Wit, laEm^lae has
liix YaqalEnala la gokwa, qaxs lae xiingwatsa bitbagume lax gwa-
yayaelasasa Legwilda^xwe.
Wa, la^lae galaqlale YilqalEnalases k'ledele lax sasEmas g"Ig"Eg8,-
ma^yasa ^naxwa lelqwiilaLa^ya, qa liis qadzeLasE^wa. Wa, g'ax^Iae
65 tslEkMal^edayo laxa Kwag'ulaxs hae g'okule Qalogwise.
Wa, hex '^idaEm^liiwise G'ayosdase yix gigama^yasa ^nE^memeda
vSenLlEme Lelts!odxes ^nE^'memota SenLlEme, qa g'ilxes ^wi^laeL liix
g'okwas. Wii, laEm^lae nelaxes ^uE^memotaxs lE^mae liil gagak' !a-
LEx k'ledelas YaqalEnala, qaxs lE^mae Llayox g'igenex'diises ue-
70 gumpe liix YiiqoLElase. Wii, hex-^idaEm^liiwise ^niixwa mo'le -ue-
^memotases waldEmas. Wii, laEm^liiwise ^niixwa xwiinaHldaxa ^nii-
laxs lae hoquwElsa laxes LeltslEwaklwenex'de. Wii, g'tPEm^lawise
^nax'^idxa gaalaxs laa^l alex^wlde g'alitsa ^nE^memasa SenLlEme.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 955
SenLlEm started. They went on for two days southward. Then
|
they arrived at Gwanesbe^, a cove next to TslEqulotEn. They 75
|| |
went in, and the five canoes of the SeuL Iehi which were going to get
a wife stayed there. They sent one canoe ahead; and in it four
|
speakers were seated to tell YaqalEnala (III 1) that they were sent|
by their chief G'ayosdas (IV 3), who wanted to marry the princess|
G'ag'aolElaga (IV 1), and also that he wanted to pay the marriage|| go
price wheil the messengers had gone back. Then the speakers pad-
|
dled away, and it was not long before the speakers came back. Then|
one of the speakers was standing in the canoe, singing his sacred
song, while they were approaching the place where the four canoes
I
were staying that went out to get the princess in marriage. When they
|
were approaching, he stopped singing his sacred song. Then he spoke, 85
||
and said, "Now, listen to me, G'ayosdas (IV 3) ! Let us go quickly|
to pay the marriage price, for you have been accepted by the chief
|
YaqalEnala (III 1) to come and marry his princess. And, also,
|
Chief G'ayosdas, and you, numaym SenLlEm! Let us step into
|
the winter dance, for the prince of YaqalEnala (III 1), TslExed
(IV 2), has disappeared!" As soon as he stopped speaking, 90|]
Chief G'ayosdas (IV 3) spoke, and thanked him for what he|
had said; and when he stopped speaking, they placed the canoes
|
in a row and paddled on. When they arrived, they stopped in front
|
of the house of YaqalEnala (III 1), and immediately they paid the
I
Wa, laEm^lawis ma^laxse ^nalas ^nalolElaxs laa^l lag'aa lax Gwa- 75
nesba^yexa otslalise mak'ala lax Ts!EqiilotEne. Wa, heEm^lawise
la mExaPida sEk'!ats!aqe gagak' !aats !esa SenL!Eme. Wa, la^ae
^yalagEma ^uEmtsIaqe xwakliina la k!udzExdzatsa mokwe ayilkwa,
qa^s la nelax YaqalEnaliixs ^yalagEmaases g'TgSma^ye Gayosdasaxs
lE^mae gagakMaxEx kMedelase G'ag'aolElaga; he^misexs hex'^ida- 80
^meLe qadzeLal, qo gaxL h&hiLa 'yalagEme. Wa, hex'^ida^Em^lawise
la sex^wldeda a^yllkwe. Wa, k!es^lat!a giilaxs g-axae aedaaqeda
a^yllkwe. Wii, laEm^lae La.x^iixseda ^nEmokwe Elkwa, qa^s yalaqiilexs
g'axae gwasolEla lax mExS,lasasa motslaqe gagak' !aats!a. Wa,
g'il^Em^lawise g'ax exa^nakulaxs laa^l q!weHd yalaqillaxs laa^l 85
yaq!Ega^la. Wa, la^lae ^neka: "Weg"a hoLelal g'axEn G"ayosdasa.
WegilaEns aEm liali^lala cpidzel-eda, qaxs s5maa^l gwayobEdzesa g'i-
gama^ye YaqalEnala, qa^s g"axa5s gagak' !ax k' ledelas. Wa, he^mesa
g'Igame G'ayosdas lo^s ^iiE^memot SenLlEm, ytxg'lns totslEwek-
laxwa ts!ets!eqax, yixs x'isalae LEWulgama^yas YaqalEnala, yix Ts!e- 90
x^ede." Wa. g'll-Em^lawise q IweHda, laa^las yaq lEg'a^Ieda g'IgS,ma^ye
G'ayosdase. Wa, laEm^lae mo^las waidEmas. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise
qlweHdExs laa^l ^nEmagiwales sEk' !ats!aqe gagak' !aats!axs laa^l sex-
^wlda. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise lag'aaxs laa^l mExaLe lax nEqamalisas
g'okwas YaqalEnala. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise qadzeHeda. Wa, g'IP.
956 , ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
95 marriage price. When this was done, YaqalEntiLa (III 1) invited|| the
crew of G"ayosdas (IV 3) and him too into iiis house. When all had|
entered the house of YaqalEnala, YaqalEnala spoke. He called his
| |
princess, G'ag'aolElaga (IV 1), to come and sit down next to her hus-
band, G'ayosdas (IV 3). Then G'ag'§,olElaga came out of her room
I
100 at once and sat down by the side of her husband, G'ayosdas.
|| Then|
YaqalEnala (III I) spoke again, and said: "O son-in-law! now you
|
have my princess, and this house will also go to you, and the name
|
which I obtained from my father-m-law YaqoLElas (II 3). Now your]
5 name will be Yaqok!walag'ilis (IV 3) , and also the winter dance||
which I obtained from my father-in-law. Now you will be a great
|
ghost-dancer, and its name is Supernatural-Power-coming-up."
Thus he said. "O tribe! that is what I tried to say to my son-in-
|
law." Thus he said, and sat down. Immediately the four speakers
| |
of G'ayosdas (TV 3) stood up and thanked him for what he had
10 said. The speakers of G'ayosdas were just thanking him. Then
II
YaqalEnala (III 1) arose again, and he gave four xwexwe to
j
his son-in-law. Now this was done; and finally the speakers of
|
G'ayosdas thanked YaqalEnala for what he had given to his son-
in-law. Now the SenL!Em continued to stay at Ts!Equl6tEn, for
I
15 they had stepped into the winter dance, Immediately G'ag'aolEl-
jj
aga (IV 1) was with child. Therefore G'ayosdas (IV 3) said to|
95 Em^lawise gwalExs laa^lae YaqalEnala Lel^wultodxa k!wemas G'ayos-
dase L5^mexs hae. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise ^wI^aeL lax g'Skwas Yaqa-
lEnaliixs laa'^las yaq!Eg'a^le YaqalEnala. Wa, laEm^lae i.ehvult !all-
laxes k"!edeie G'agaolElaga, qa g'axes k!wak!ugolil LE^wis la^wu-
QEme G^ayosdase. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise gax^wult!alile G'ag'So-
100 lElaga, qa^s lii k !wanodzElllaxes la'wunEme G'ayosdiise. Wa,
la^laxaa edzaqwa yaq!Eg'a^le YaqalEnala. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "Wa,
nEgump, laEms l§,lxEn k'!edelex. Wa, la^mesox laLa gokwexlaL;
he-'mesa LegEmexEn g"ayanEme laxEn nEgumpox YiiqoLElasex.
Wa, laEms LegadEl Yaqok!walagilise. Wa, he^mesa lade laxa
5 ts!ets!eqa. HeEmxaEn gayanEmaqegin nEgQmpEk'. Wa, laEms
^walas lElolSlalL5L. Wa, he^mis LegEmse ^nawalak"ustalise," ^nex"-
^lae. "Wa, gokulot, heEm waxEn waldEmaxEn UEgumpex," ^nex'-
^laexs lae k!wag"allla. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Lax^iillleda mokwe
a^yilx^s G'ayosdase qa^s monies wiildEmas. Wii, heEm^lawis ales
10 UExsEmalil mo^leda a-'yllkwas Gayosdasaxs laa^lase Lax^Cdll et!ede
YaqalEnala. Wa, la^lae lakMEg'altsa mokwe xwexwe laxes nE-
gumpe. Wii, laEm gvval laxeq. Wa, lawisLa^lae mo^a^lae a^yilkwas
G'ayosdasas ^naxwi^liila g^axyos YaqalEnala laxes nEgflmpe. Wa,
laEm^lae hex'saEm^leda SenL!Eme TsisqulotEne, qaxs tots!ae laxa
15 ts!ets!eqa. Wii, h¥lae liex'^idaEm bEwex^wIde G'ag'aolElaga. Wit,
hcEm^lawis lag'ilas G'ayosdiise gwalElaEm ^uex' qa^s wisgEmaj'Ilxes
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 957
his niimaym that ho would not go home with them when they 17
]
returned after the winter dance; and YaqalEuala (III 1) gave| the
name Skull to his son-in-law G' ayosdas (IV 3). When he had finished,
|
they caught the one who had disappeared, TslEx^ed (IV 2), the|| 20
other child of YaqalEnala (III 1). Then he was a cannibal-dancer.
|
Now the SenLlEm took care of him; and after the winter dance
|
was finished, the SeiiLJEm went home; but G' ayosdas (IV
| 3) and
his wife did not go home. Then G' ag' aolElaga (IV
] 1) gave birth to
a boy; and the child was called by its father G' ayosdas,
|| Smoke- 25
All-Round (V 1). This name belongs to the SeuLlEm. Now the
I
numaym of G' ayosdas (IV 3) had gone home to Qalogwis.| It was
not very long before G'ag' aolElaga (IV 1) had another
| son, and
YaqalEnala gave him a name. He had the name YaqoLleqElas
|
(V 2). This was a name of the Wiwaqe^. 30
II j
I have forgotten that G' ayosdas (TV 3) had changed his name,
|
for the name was given in marriage to him by his father-in-law
YaqalEnala (III 1). Now his name was
| Yaqok!walag'ihs (IV 3.)
|
Now she had another son, and|| Yiiqok !walag'llis (IV 3) gave him a 35
name, and called him HS,mesElal (V'6). This name
| belonged to the
SenL Ieui. And she gave birth to a girl, and
| Yaqok Iwalag'ilis| (IV 3)
gave her a name, and caUed her
| HamalaqalEmega (V 4) . This name
'^UE'^memote, qo g-axL na^nax"LO, qo gwaMsLa ts!ets!eqa lax laene- 17
mas LegEmg-ElxLale YaqalEnalax XEweqwe laxes iiEgumpe G-ayos-
diise. Wit, laEm^awise galaxs laa^l klmyasE'weda g-Iyakila, yix
TslEx'^ede, yix ^nEmokwe xflnox-s YaqalEnala. Wa, laEm^lae 20
hamatsla. Wa, laEm^lae hededa SenL!Eme aaxsilaq. Wa, giPEm-
-lawise gwala ts !ets leqaxs g'axaa^l na^nakweda SenL lEme. Wa, laEm-
^lae k- !es g-axe G-ayosdase LE^wis gEnEme laxsEq. Wa, laEm^lawise
mayul^ide G-ag'aolElagasa babagiime. Wa, hex^idaEm^Iawise Lex'^e-
dayuwe Kwax'se^stala laxa ginauEmases ompe G-ayosdase. Wa, 25
hiEm hasxa SenL!Eme LegEma. Wa, gEyolLa g-ax na^nakwe ^uE'^me-
motas G-ayosdase lax Qalogwise. Wa, k-!es^Iat!a galaxs laa^l et!ed
mayuHde G-ag-aolElagasa ' babagume. Wa, he^latla YaqalEnala
Leqela qa LegEms. Wa,laEm''lae LegadEs YaqoLleqElas. Wa, laEm
LegEmsa Wiwaqayeq. 3q
HexoLEn LJElewesE^we G-ayosdasaxs lE^mae LlayoxLaxes LegEme,
yixs lE^mae LegadEs LegEmg'ElxLa^yases nEgumpe YaqalEnaia, yixs
lE^mae LegadEs Yaqok !walag-llise.
Wa, la^laxae et!ed xiingwadEx-^Itsa babagume. Wa, he^lat!a
et!ede Yaqok Iwalag-lHse Leqela qa LegEms. Wa, laEmnae LegadEs 35
H&mesElale laq. Wa, laEm^laxae g-ayola LegEme laxa SenLlEme.
Wa, la^lae et!ed majuPitsa tsatslEdagEme. ' Wa, heEm^laxaawis
Leqele Yaqok !walag-Ilise qae. Wa, laEm Legad las HamalaqalE-
mega. Wa, laEm^laxae g-ayola LegEme laxa SenL teme. Mox"«lae
—1
958 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35
40 came from tho numaym SenLlEiii. They had four children,
||
tliree boys and one girl.
| |
Now Yaqoklwalagihs (IV 3) told his father-in-law that he wished|
to go home, and his father-in-law prepared food for his princess,
|
45 G'ag'aolElaga (IV 1); and when everything was ready, they started||
early in the morning. He went with his four children, and also| |
with his wife Gag' S,olElaga, and also the Dzonoq !wa house-dish.
|
They started, and went northward for three days. Then they arrived
|
50 at Qalogwis. After they had stayed there one night, he called his||
numaym, the SeuL !Em, into his house. He told them that he had
|
changed his name, because he had obtained a name from his father-in-
law. "My name now is Yaqok Iwalagilis." Thus he said. "Now 1
I
will invite theKwakiutl, the numaym Maamtag'ila, the G'exsEm, the
|
55 Kukwaklum, and also the Laftlax's^Endayo, to come and eat out ofH
the Dzonoq !wa house-dish." Thus he said, and then he stopped.
|
Then his four speakers arose and thanked him for what he had said;
|
and immediately they cleared out the house of Yaqok !walag'Ilis,(IV 3),
and his four speakers went out to invite the Kwakiutl in. Immedi-
|
I
60 'itely those who had been invited came in. They put ilried mountain-||
goat meat into the Dzonoq !wa house-dish; and after the guests
|
had finished, they went out. Then winter came, and Yaqok !wa|
40 sasEmas, yudux"^laeda babagume; wa, la^lae ^uEmokwa tslatslEda-
gEme.
Wa, laEm^lawise Yaqok Iwalagilise nelaxes nEgOmpaxs lE^mae
'nex' qa^s gaxlag-I na^nakwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise nEgnmpas
xwanal-'ida, qa mEmwalases k'!edele G'ag-aolElagaxa hema^ye.
45 Wa, gil'^EinHawise ^wi^la gwalalaxs laa^l alex'widxa la ^nax'^idxa
gaala. Wa, laEm^lae ^wi^la g'ax LE^wis sasEmaxs mokwae. Wa,
he^misLaLes gEUEme G'ag'aolElaga; wa, he^misa loqidlie dzonoq !wa.
Wa, gax^lae Lex^eda. Wa, yudux"p!Enxwa^s^lae gwalslaxs gaxaa'l
g'ax^aLEla lax Qalogwise. Wa, gil^Em^lawise xamaes laqexs laa'l
50 i-eltslodElaxes ^uE^memota SenLlEme. Wii, laEm'lae nelases lae-
ne'me L!ayuxLaxes LegEme, qaxs LegEmgElxi-alasae yises UEgflmp.
Wa, he^niEu la LegEnie Yaqok Iwalagilise ^nex"^lae: "Wa, la^mesEn
Le'lalalxwa Kwag'ulaxwa ^uE^memex Maamtag'ila, LE^wa G'exsEme,
LE^wa Kukwak!ume; wii, yu^mesa Laalax's^Eudayo, qa g'axlagiltsox
55 hamaats!enux"Itsa loqtililex dzonoq !wa," ^uex'^laxs lae q'.weh'Ida.
Wii, lii'lae Lax^ullla mokwe a^yllx"s, qa^s monies willdEmas. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawise ex^widetsE^we g'okwas Yiiqoklwiilagilise, ylxs
la^maalaLalhoqiiwElseda mokwe a'yilkwa, qa^slii^Le-liilaxaKwagule.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise g'tix^El ^wl^la hox"ts!awa Le^UinEme. Wii,
60 laEm^lae lEx"ts!6dxa xilkwe ^mEPmElq !age laxa loqiillle dzonoq !wa.
Wa, gil^Em-lawise gwiila k IwcJaxs liia^l hoquwElsa. Wii, lii-lae tslft-
wunx^ldExs liJa^l yawixile Yiiqok!walagilise. ' Wii, laEUi'lae x'is^ed-
BOAS] TAMELY HISTORIES 959
lag' ills (IV 3) gave a winter dance. Then his eldest sou, Smoke-All-| 63
Round (V 1), disappeared, but the Kwakiutl were not yet near (the|
time of) their winter dance. However, when the winter dance be- 65
||
gan, YaqoL leqElas (V 2) disappeared, and also his younger brother
HamesElal (V 3), and also the girl among them, HamalaqalEmega|
(V 4) . They stayed away for a long time. Then they were caught.
|
Now Smoke-All-Round (V 1) was a cannibal-dancer. YaqoL !eqElas
|
(V 2) was a war-dancer, a frog war-dancer, and HamesElal (V| 3)
was a double-headed serpent dancer, and HamalaqalEmega
| (V 4)
was a ghost-dancer; and when they pacified them, Yaqok
|| Iwalagilis| 70
(IV 3) told his tribe what dances he had obtained from his father-in-
law] YaqalEuala (III 1). First he spoke about his prince, Smoke-All-
|
Round (V 1), and his cannibal dance, for the cannibal belongs to
the SenLlEm; for the past chief of the SenLlEm, whose name was
|
TsEx^wed (III 4) in the secular season, had|| been a cannibal- 75
dancer, and his name was Nax'UEwis as a cannibal-dancer. "
| And
this will be the name of my cannibal-dancer. Smoke-All-Round
(V 1.)" Thus he said. "And this frog war-dancer is also
| mine,
SenLlEm, that frog war-dancer of my mother, HonosEuaga
| (III 3),
which she obtained from her father, Mo^nakula (II 4) and| therefore,
he is named ^wi^lEnkulag' llis (V 2) ; and that is the name of my frog
||
war-dancer, ^wi^lEnkillag'ilis. In the secular season he is called Ya- so
qoL leqElas (V 2) ; and the double-headed serpent| dancer, who is called
HS,mesElal (V 3) in the secular season, I also obtained from my
| father-
pin-law, YaqalEuala (III 1), and liis name is Double-Headed-Sercnt-
^lae ^Qolast lEgEmalilas sasEmase Kwaxse^stala, yixs kMes^mae 63
ex'ala, qa^s ts!ets!ex^edaeda g-ala Kwag'ula. Wa, he^lat!a la ts le-
ts lex^edExs laa^l xis^ede YiiqoLleqElase, le-wIs tsla^ye HamesElale- 65
wit, heEm^lawise ts !Edaq lEga^yase HamalaqalEmega. Wa, galaEm-
-lawise xisalaxs laa^l klmyasE^wa. Wa, laEm^ae hamatsla^lae Kwax'-
se^stala. Wa, la^lae tox^wld-lae YaqoLleqElasexa wuq !ese tox^wlda.
Wa, la^lae sIsEytiLalal^lae HamesElale. Wa, la^lae lElolalal^lae Hama-
laqalEmega. Wa, gil^Em^lawise nanakamas5xs laa^lae Yaqok !wa- 70
lag'ilise nelaxes g'okulotases g'ayauEme lelad laxes UEgump YaqalE-
nala. Wa, heEm^lawis g'il waldEm^lases LEwulgama^ye, yix Kwax'-
se^stala laxes hamats '.aena^ye, ylxs has^maaxa SenLlEme hamatsia
ylxs hamatslaeda gugamayulasa SeuLJEmexa Legada TsEx^wIde laxa
baxQse. Wa, la LegadEs Nax'UEwise laxes hamatslena^ye. "Wa 75
yii^mis g'axL LegEmitsEn hamats!aqox Kwax'se^stalax," ^nex'^lae.
"Wa, yu^mesa wuq!esex tox^wida. Wa, laEmxaox nosa SenL.'Em
ylxs wflq lesae tox'wIdEn abEmpe HonosEnaga laxes ompe Ma-nakiila.
Wa, he^mis LegEmse, ^wIlEnkiilag ilise ; wa, he^misLegEmg-in wuq lesEk'
tox^wida ^wIlEnkulag'ilise, ylx YiiqoLleqElase laxa baxuse. Wa, he- 80
smisa sisEyuLalale, yix HamesElale laxa baxuse. Wa, laEm g'ayol
laxEn uEgumpe YaqalEnala, wa he^mis LegEmse SisEyuLalale, qaxs Ie-
960 ETHNOLOGl- OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
83 Dancer;" for Skull (that is,Yaqok!walag'Ilis[IV3])wasshowing the
|
double-headed serpent dance in the way of the double-headed ser-
|
85 pent mask of YaqatEnala (III 1), which was also shown by Ts lEx'ed||
(IV 2) the younger brother of Calling-Woman (IV 1), to theComox;
|
and HamfilaqalEmega (V 4) (that is her secular name)| was a ghost-
dancer. This Yaqoklwalag'Ilis (IV 3) had also obtained from his
|
father-in-law, YaqalEnala, and the name of the ghost-dancer was
Supernatural-Power-coming-up. | "And this I obtained from my
90 father-in-law, YaqalEnala (III 1), and also the house with four steps.||
That is all," said he, and sat down. Then his four speakers arose
|
and thanked him for what the chief had said. It was not very long,
1
then Yaqoklwalag'Ilis (IV 3) and his wife G' ag' aolElaga (IV 1) sepa-
I
rated. She went home with her second son, YiiqoLleqElas (V
I 2), ||
95 and HamesElal (V 3); but Yaqoklwalag'Ilis (IV 3) did not allow
|
Prince Smoke-All-Round (V 1), the eldest one of his children, and|
the youngest one, the girl, HamalaqalEmega (V4), to go along.
|
Then G" ag' aolElaga (IV 1) went home to her place, TslEqillotEn,
|
200 and there she imitated what she had seen them doing in the winter
||
dance of the Kwakiutl at Qalogwis. It was not very long after
|
G'ag' aolElaga had gone home when Yaquk!walag'ihs (IV 3)
|
wished to marry again. His numaym, the SenLlEm, wished that
|
83 ^mae nel^idamase XEweqwa yix Yaqoklwalag'llisaxa sIsEyuLEmle
lax gwiilaasas sIsEyuLEmlas YaqalEnala, ylxa liixat! nel^edamatsos
85 TslEx^ede, yix tsla^yas Laqwayugwa laxa Q!omox"se. Wa, he-
^misa lElolalale, yix HamalaqalEmega, ylxs he^mae LegEms laxa
baxuse. Wa, laEm^laxae g'ayanEme Yaqoklwalagilise laxes ue-
giimpe YaqalEnala. Wa, he^mis LegEmsa lElolalale ^nawalak'usta-
lise. Wa, yu^men g'ayauEm laxEn uEgfimpe YaqalEnala LE^wa
90 mop lenaxalilas dzoyaqaye g^okwa. Wa," ^nex'^laexs laa^l k!wa-
g'allhi. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Lax^ullle mokwe a^yilx"s qa^s mo-
^le las wfddEmi^lalases g'lgama^ye. Wa, k'!est!a alaEm^l galaxs
laa^l k!asowe Yaqok!walagilise LE^wis gEUEme G'ag'aolElaga. Wii,
laEm^lae na^nakwa LE^wis qlaya^ye xunokwe YaqoL leqElase,
95 wii, he^misLa HamesElale. Wa, laEm^lawise k"!es ex'stose Yitqo-
klwalagilisases LEWulgama^ye Kwax"se/stalaxa ^'nolastlEgEma^yas
siisEmas, LE^wa ama^inxa^ye tslEdaq xunox"se HamalaqalEmega.
Wa, lax'da*x"^Em^lae nii^nakwa, yix G'ag"§,6lElaga laxes awlnagwise
TslEqulotEne. Wii, heEm^lawis la niinaxtslE^waxes ^niixwa dodEgiil
200 laxa ts !iiq lena^yasa Kwag'ule liix Qalogwise. Wii, k'!es^lat!a &laEm
giila la na^nakwe G'ag'aolElagaxs liia^l ^nex'^lae Yiiqok!wiilag"i-
lise, qa^s gEg'adEx^^Ide. Wa, la^lae ^nek'e ^uE^memotaseda SenLlE-
me, qa hes gEg'adEx'^ideda Lawetslese lax L!emElxk"!alag"tlise, yix
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 961
he should marry Ringing-Copper (IV 4), tlie princess of Odze^stalis
]
(III 5). Yaqoklwalag'ilis at once obeyed their wishes. All|| the 5
SenL !Em got ready \ and went to ALEgEinala, because there the village
|
of the ancestors of the Lawets !es was located. In the morning, when
day came, the numerous numaym of the SenL Ism started; and
|
when they arrived, they paid the marriage price at once; and 10
I ||
after they had paid the marriage price, they were sitting still in their
wooing-canoes. Then Odze^stalis (III
| 5), the head chief of the Lawe-|
ts !es, came out. He belonged to the numaym SesEUL !e^, the first one
|
of the numayms; and he said, they said, this: "Welcome, numaym,
|
SeuLlEm, welcome! Come out of your wooing-canoes and take 15
||
the wife of your chief Yaqoklwalag'ilis (IV 3) aboard your canoe!"
|
Thus he said. Then the crew went ashore out of the canoe, those
|
who paid the marriage money for Yaqok!walag"llis, and also himself;
and when they had gone in, Odze^stalis
| told them to sit down on a|
mat that had been spread in the house. When aU the men of the
|| 20
crew were inside, Yaqok iwalag'ilis (IV 3) went in and sat down in the
|
rear of the house. There he was given food by his father-in-law,
|
Odze^stalis (III 5); and after they had eaten, Chief Odze^stalis spoke.|
He said, "Now, listen to my speech, son-in-law!
| She will be
your wife; and her mat are forty dressed skins and twenty
| boxesII 25
k"!edelas Odze^stalise. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise nanageg"a^ye Ya- 5
qokiwalag'ilisax waldEmas. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise xwanal^ida
'wFleda SeuLlEme. Wii, laEm^lae lal lax ALEgEmalaxs haa^l g'o-
kule g'aliisa Lawets iese. Wa, g'il^Em^awise ^nax'^ldxa gaalaxs
laa^l sllex^wideda ^iiE^memola q !enEma SenL !Eme. Wa, g'il^Em^awise
lag'aaxs laa^l hex'^idaEm qadzel^eda. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwal qa- 10
dzeLiixs hex'sa^maa^l k !udzExsalaLayes gagak'!aats!e xwaxwa-
k!una, g'axaalase Odze^stalise, yixa xamagEma^ye g'Igamesa
Lawets !ese, wa, la he ^nE^memota SesEULia^ye, yix mEkilma^yas
laxes ^naPuEmematsiena^ye. Wa, lieEm^lawise g'll waldEmse:
"Wii, gelag'a ^nE^memot SenL!Em, gelag'a lalta laxs gagak'!aa- 15
ts!aq6s, qa^s g'axlag'aos dag'aalExsaxg'as gEnEmg'os, g"igame
Yaqok iwalag-Ilis," ^nex'^ae. Wa, he^x'^idaEm^lawise la wiloltawe
k!wemasa qadzeLe Yaqok Iwalag'ilise Lo^mexs hiie. Wa, g'il^Em-
^'lawise hogwiLExs laa^lae Odze^stalise axkMalaq, qa liis k!us-
^alil laxa la LEpse^stalilkwe g'okwasesa le^wa^ye. Wa, gipEm- 20
^lawise ^wFlaeLeda k!wemaxs laa^las laeLe Yaqok !walagilis, qa^s
la^l k!wag'alll lax naqoLewalilasa g'okwe. Wa, la^ae L!ExwilasE-
^wa yises nEgumpe ( )dze^stalise. Wa, g'lPEm^lawise gwal LJExwaxs
laa^luse yaq !Eg-a^leda g'lgama^ye Odze^stalise. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"Weg'a, hoLelaLExgin waidEmLEk' laL, nEgump. LaEmLox laLos 25
gEiiEmaqos, g-igSme^. Wa, lox le^wadEsa mox"sokwex alagima.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 ] 2
;
962 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 3c
27 of oil. Now, your name will ho Aodziigalas (IV 3), O son-in-law ! Now
I
your prince Smoke-All-Round, (V l)will be called Awilgalas(V 1); and
I
your princess Hamalac(alEmega (V 4) , will be named Mamx' ayugwa in|
30 the secular season. You will he named Head-Winter-Dancer (IV|| 3)
and your prince Smoke-Ail-Round will be named Iv' lEnga (V 1); and
I
your princess HamiilacialEmega will be named Talts !aas (V 1 ) in wii -
I
ter and you shall have those house-dishes, the grizzly-bear house-dish,
;
I
and the W(df and beaver and killer-whale house-dishes. Now take
|
35 the four house-dishes aboard your canoe, so that your tribe may
|1
eat out of them, son-in-law] Yaqok!walag' His (IV 3)." Thus he said.
Immediately Yaciok!walag'ilis arose. He called his four speakers,
|
and they sang at the same time their sacred songs, and Yiiqo-|
klwfilag'Ilis also sang his sacred song; and after he had sung, he
|
40 thanked Odze^stalis for what he had said. Then they carried down to
II
the lieach the dressed skins and the boxes with oil, and also the four|
house-dishes; and when| they had put them aboard the wooing-canoe,
Yaqok!walag'ilis (IV 3) came out of the house of his father-in-law,|
walking by the side of his wife, Ringing-Copper (IV 4), and they|
45 went aboard the canoe of Yaqok!walag'ilis. Now they went home to||
Qiilogwis; and when they arrived, the four speakers stood up in thej
canoe,and they reported to the Kwakiutl| that Yaqok!wrdag' His (IV 3)
had married Ringing-Copper (IV 4) the princess of Odze^stalis (III| 5).,
26 Wa, yu^mesa ma^tsEmg'ustax dEngwatsle Lle^na. Wa, laEms lal
LcgadElts Aodzagalase, yiil nEgump. Wji, la^mese lal LegadLEs
LawiUgama^ya5se Kwax"se'stalas Awllgalase. Wii, laLEs k"!edela6se
HamalaqalEmega LegadElts Msimxayugwa laxwa baxiisex wal-
30 dEma. Wii, IHles LegadElts TsIiiqEma^ye. Wii, laLe LegadLEs
Lawiilgama^ya5se Kwax'se-'stalas KMEnga. Wii, liiLe LegadLEs
k'ledeiaose HamiilaqalEmegiis Tiiltslaase hixa ts!ets!eqa wiildEma.
Wii, g'a^meseg'a loEkjiilllexa niine loqulll LE-wa ilLanEme LE^wa
tsla^we LE^wa miix^enoxwe loqulila. Wii, laEms hll daxsalxa mE-
35 wexLa loElqulil, qa liiimaats!eses g^okulotaos, nEgiimp Yiiqok!wa-
lagilis," ^nex-'lae. Wii, hex'-idaEm^liiwise Liix^iiliWae Yiiqok.'wa-
la" 'ilise, qa^s Le'lalexes mokwe a^yilkwa. Wii, la^lae ^nEmiidzaqwa
yiilaqweda mokwe il'yilkwa Lo^me Yiiqoklwiilag-ilise yiilaqulases
yiilax"LEne. Wii, g-il'Em^lawisc q!wePeda laaHas mo^las waldEmi-
40 ^liiliis Odze^stiilise. Wii, hVlae moxsasa iilagime LE^wa dedsngwatsle
L!e^na. Wii, hcEm^liiwisa mowexLa .loElqiillla. Wii, g'il-Em^hiwise
^wllxsa laxa gagak" !aats !iixs g'axaalase Yiicjoklwiilag'ilise g'iixil-
weIs liix g-okwases nEgumpe liEmalala LE^wis gEnEme L!EmElxk'!a-
lag'ilis, qa^s lii^l hox^walExs liix ya'yatslas Yiiqok!\valag-Ilise. Wii,
45 laEm^lae nii-'nakwa hlx Qiilogwise. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise lag-aaxs liia^l
Lax^wulExsa mokwe a^yilkwas. Wii, laEm^lae ts!Ek'!rdElaxa Kwii-
gulaxs lE^mae gEg'ade Yiiqok!wiilag-ilisas L!emElxk' !;llag'ilist"^, ylx
kMedelas Odze^sttilise. Wii, laEnr'Lawise dzoxwasa mox"sokwe ala-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 963
Then they promised to give away forty dressed skins to the Maamta-
|
g'ila and tlie G'exsEin, and to- tlielviikwaklinn, and also to theLaa- 50
||
lax' s-Endayo ; and they promised twenty boxes of oil to the four
|
numayms. The forty dressed skins were on account of Snioke-All-
|
Round (V 1) ; and now he changed his name, and his name, Awllgalas|
(Vl) was obtained in marriage from Odze^stalis (III 5); and the twenty|
boxes of oil were on account of HamalacjalEmega (V 4), and she had 55||
also changed her name for the name olitained in marriage from Odze-
|
^stalis; and she was called Mamx'ayugwa (V 4) and as soon as the; |
speakers stopped speaking, the crew and their chief Yitcjoklwrdag'l-
|
lis (IV 3), with his wife, went ashore into the house. Immediately|
the four speakers went to invite the four numayms to come to a feast 60
||
to be given with the forty boxes of oil by Mamx'ayogwa (V 4), the|
princess of Aodzagalas (IV 3), for now Yaqok !walag ilis had changed|
his name. As soon as the four speakers had gone to invite them,
|
the young men cleared out the house of Aodzagalas (IV 3) . They|
took ashore the dressed skins and the boxes of oil, and also the 65
||
four house-dishes; and when the guests were in, they poured
|
the oil into the four house-dishes, and they put the grizzly-
I |
bear dish before the Maamtag'ila, and the wolf dish before
|
the G'exsEm, and the beaver dish before the Ktikwak !um, and the 70
||
g"lma qaeda Maamtag'ila LE^wa G'exsEme LE^wa Kukwak!ume; wit,
he^misa Laalaxs^Endayuwe. Wa, la^laxae cjasosa ma-ltsEingustawe 50
dEndak" Lle^na qaxaeda mosgEinakluse ^nal^uE^mema. Wa, laEm-
^lae uEXEnale Kwax'se^stala m6x"sokwe alag'ima. Wa, laEm^lae
LlayoxLaxes LegEme. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs LegEmg'ElxLa^yas
Odze^stalise Awllgalase. Wii, la^lae uEXEnrde HamfilaqalEmegaxa
ma^ltsEmg'usta dedEiigwatsle L!e^na. Wa, laEm^laxae LlayoxLiix 55
LegEmg'ElxLa^yas Odze^stalise. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs Mamx'ayu-
gwa. Wii, g'U-Em^lawise ci!\vel-ededa a^yilkwiixs laa^l hox'wiilta-
weda k!weme LE-wa g'lgama^ye Yiiqoklwillag'ilise LE^wes gEUEme,
qa^s lil hogwlL liixes g'okwi?. Wii, hex'^idaEm-hiwise mokwe a''yilx"s
la Le^liilaxa m6sgEmak!use ^nrd^nE-memasa r[a^s gilxe k!welxa 60
mosgEmg'ustawe dedEiigwatsle Lle^na liix MEinx'ayugwa k'ledelas
Aodzagalase, qaxs lE^maaxat! Lliiyowe LegEmas Yiiqoklwillag'ilise.
Wii, g'lPEm^lae la Le^liilaxa mokwe a^yilkwa laa'lasa ha'yiil^a
ex^widxa g'okwas Aodzagalase, yixs liia-1 moltalayuweda alag'ime,
LE^wa dedEngwats!e Lle^na, wa, he^misa mEwexLa loElqiillla. Wa, 65
g'iix'lae ^wFlaeLeda Le^hiiiEme. Wii, hex'-idaEm^lawise iEx"ts!oyowe-
da Lle^na liixa nlEwexLa loElqiilila. Will laEm^lae kaxdzamolFlEineda
nane laxa Maiimtag'ila. Wii, ItVlae k'ax'dzamolFlEineda iiLanEme
lilxa G'exsEine. Wii, lii'lae k'ax'dzamolPlEmeda tslawe liixa Kti-
kwak !iime. Wii, la-lae k'axdzamoli'lEmeda max^enoxwelaxaLaalax'- 70
96-1 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. a.nn. 35
71 killer-whale dish before the Lail^lax's^Endayo. As soon as they|
had finished, one of the | speakers spoke, and said, "This is the
weight of the name of Hamalaqab:niega (V 4), whose name is now]
Mamx'ayugwa (V 4) obtained in marriage from ;''Odze^stalis (III| 5)
75 and when he stopped speaking, another speaker spoke, and said
||
"Now let us give away the di'ossed skins!'' and then he gave
|
them away. When they had all been given out, then another
|
speaker spoke, and said, " This is the weight of the name of
|
Smoke-All-Kound (V 1). He has changed his name, and now his
name is Awilgalas (V 1), for that was received in marriage from|
80 Odze^stahs (III 5) by my chief Aodzagalas (IV|| 3), for Yiiqoklwa-
lagilis (IV 3) has changed his name now, and this is also obtained|
in marriage from Odze^stalis (III 5) by my chief here." Thus he
said. As soon as he stopped speaking, the guests went out; and
I
when winter fame, the Lawets'.es came paddling with their chief
|
I
Odze^stalis (III 5). He came to pay the marriage debt to his son-
85 in-law Aodzagalas (IV 3) . After they had taken ashore di-essed||
skins and many cedar-bark blankets, and many baskets of clover-roots
|
and boxes of oil and boxes of dried clams and boxes of dried
| |
salmon,—when all these had been taken ashore out of the ten
|
90 canoes, he also gave the copper named Leta to his son-m-law,||
and also the ten canoes in which were seated the princess of
Odze^stalis (III 5). That was the first great return of marriage
|
71 s^Endayowe. Wa, g-il'Em^lawise gwaJExs laa^l yaq lEg-a^eda ^nEmok"
Elkwa. Wa, laEnr'iae nehisexs he^mae o^mayos la LegEms Hama-
laqalEmegii, yixs lae LegadEs Mamx'ayugwa, LegEmg^ElxLes Odze-
^stalise. Wii, g ih'Em^lawise qlwel-idExs laa-'l yaqlEg'a^leda ^nEmo-
75 kwe Elkwa. Wa, la^ae ^nek'a. "Weg'axins yax^wltsa alag'I-
inex," ^nex-'laexs laa^l yax^wlts. Wii, gil^Em'iawise ^wFlaxs laa^l ya-
q!Eg'a4eda ogiVlamaxat! Elkwa. Wii, lt¥lae 'neka: " YuEm omayas
Kwax'se^stalaxs lae LlayuxLa. Wa, laEms LeqElalts Awllgalase laq,
qaxs he'mae LegEmg"ElxLes Odze^stalise laxg'in g"Igi»mek-, ylxg^a
SO Aodzagalase, qaxs la^mek' L!iiyuxLiig'a YiiqoklwiilagilisEk'. Wa,
heEmxat! LcgEmg'ElxLes Odze^stalise laxgun g'lgamek","^ -nex'^lae.
Wii, giHEm^lawise q IweHdExs hlaM hoqiiwElseda k !wele. Wii, g'lPEm-
^lawise tslawiinx-IilExs g'tixafdasa Liiwets!ese =wi^lam5La^ya sexwaxes
g'Igama-'ye ( )dze^stalise. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae qotex^axes nEgumpe Aodza-
85 giilase. Wii, La^lae gwiil moltiilasa alag'ime LE^wa q !enEme k" lobawasa
LE^wa qleuEme L!aL!Ebat t!Egwats!ii LE^wa q!enEme dedEngwats!e
L'.e^na. Wii, he^misa q!enEme xStsEm k!omats!ii Lo^laeda qleuEme
XEmyats!e xexEtsEma. Wii, g'tpEm^liiwise ^'wi^loita Lax qotenats!iis
uEqats'.aq t!et!Eguna, wii, laEm^lawise SEpIitsa iJtiqwa LegadEs
90 Leta laxes uEgflmpe; wii, he^misa k!waxsii]ats!iis k'.'edelas Odze^s-
talisa uEqatsIaqe t!et!Egftna. Wii, hcEm^l gU -walas qotex'e Odze=s-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 965
money by Odze^stalis (III 5) to his son-in-law Aodzagalas (IV 3) 92|
on account of his princess Ringing-Copper (IV 4). Then Odze-|
^stalis (III 5) took a carved box and carried it ashore himself out|
of his canoe into the house of his son-in-law Aodzagalas (IV
|| 3), 95
and he put it down in the rear of the house. It was not long|
before he came out again and went into his canoe. Then he|
spoke to his tribe, and said "O tribe, Now our supernatural
|
power has gone into the house of my son-in-law;" and when he|
said so, he turned towards the Kwag'ul, and said, "Now, take|| 300
care, son-in-law! This is the box containing the winter dance
|
which I have taken into your house. Now piu-ify for its sake!"
Thus he said. Then he was invited by his son-in-law (IV 3) to|
eat. When the}' had all gone ashore out of then canoes, they
I
were given food. It was evening when they finished eating. They|
all went to eat with the Kwag^ul. Then the chief of the Ma-| 5
II
amtag^ila called L!aqwadze spoke, and said, "Go on, Chief A5dza-|
g^las (IV 3) go on, and see what is in the crest- box, that you|
may give a winter dance!" Thus he said, Immediately the chiefj
of the Lawets!es, Odze^stalis, (III 5), arose and said, "Go on,|| 10
Kwag'ul, and begin your winter dance this evening! In this box|
is the hamats!a, and his name will be Ts!axuxstala; and also|
the thrower-dance, and his name will be ^nawalax"dze; and also|
talise laxes nEgumpe Aodzagalase qaes kMedele L!emElxk!alag'Ilise. 92
Wa, la^lae ax-'ede Odze^stalisaxa k' !esgEmala ame g'ildasa. Wii,
la^lae q!iilex'SEni la ia,ltos laxes ya^yatsle, qa^s la^l hacLElas !ax
g'okwases UEgump Aodzagalase, qa^s laEl hang'alllas lax ogwiwall- 95
lasa g-6kwe. Wa, k-!es^lat!a giilaxs g'axae xwelaqawElsa, qa^s
la^l laxs laxes ya^yats!e. Wa, la^lae yaq !Eg-a^la laxes gokiilote. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'a : "Wa, g-okiilot. La^me laeLEns ^nawalakwa lax g-okwa-
SEn nEgumpa," ^nex'^laexs lae gwegEmx'^Id laxa Kwagule. Wii, lil-
^lae^nek-a: "Weg'a, yaLloLEx uEgump. YaEmk-!es^owats!e g'ildasa 300
lax laeL laxs g-okwaqos. Wegil la q !eqElax-^idL6l qao^," ^nex-^lae.
Wii, laEm^lae aEm la Lelwult5ts(>'ses nEgumpe, qa^s lii L!Exwalaq.
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wi^lolta laxes yae^yats!axs hia^l l !ExwelasE^wa.
Wii, laEmHae dzaqwaxs laa^l gwfila L!Exwa. Wii, hv'lae ^niixwaEm-El
g ax k!wameleda Kwakiiguie. Wii, hi'lae yilq!Fg-a^le glgama'yasa 5
Maamtag-ila, ylxa LegadEs Liaqwadze. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a
g-Igame^ Aodzagalas. Weg'a dox^wldxwa g'K s !awaxwa k" !esgEmalax
g'ildasa, qa wag'e liixsoxyawix'ilsa g'okwex," ^nex'^lae. Wii, hex'^-
idaEm^lawise g-Igtima^yasa Lawets'ese Lax-'ullla, yix Odze^stalise.
Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a, Kwiig-ul, wega tsietslex^klElxwa ganoLex. 10
Wa, yuEm gTts!axwa gildasexxwa hfimatslex. Wii, 1 e^'mis LegEmltse
Ts!axuxstala. Wii, yu^mesa mamaq !ax. Wa, he^mis LegEmltse «na-
walax"dze yiVmisa g-)giimeq!olElax. Wii, he-'mis LegEmltse Onia-
;
96(3 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ann. 35
the chief fool-dance, and his name will be OmaqlolEhi; and also
|
15 the gi'izzly-hear dance, and his name will he Nanenask" !e^. Now
||
there are four winter dances for my son-in-law, and therefore
|
I wish you to begin a winter dance this night." Thus he said. \
ImmcHliately they began the winter dance. Then Awllgalas (V 1)
disappeared, for now I shall not call him Smoke-All-Round (V I)
|
and jMamxayugwa (V 4) disappeared, for her name was no more|
20 HamalaqalEmega (V 4); and also the child of the 3'ounger ])rothcr||
(IV 2) of Aodzagalas, L'.aLlElEwis (V 14), the boy and his younger|
brother YilyaqoLlaLas (V 15). Now the ancestors of the Kwagul
had a winter dance. After they liad disappeared for a long lime,
|
they were caught again. Now Awllgalas was a cannibal-dancer,
|
and his name was Tslaxuxstala, and the nephew of Aodzagiilas
|
25 was thrower-dancer. His name was L!aL!ElEwis (V 14), and now||
he was named ^nawalax''dze ; and Mamx' ayugwa (V 4) was chief
fool-dancer, and her name was Omaqlolsla (V 4) ; and YiiyaqoLlalas|
(V 15) was grizzly-bear dancer, and his name was Nanenask' !e^.|
Now they finished the winter dance.
|
Now Rmging-Copper (IV 4) was with chihl, and she gave birth
|
to a boy. Then Odze^stalis (III 5) came to make another pay-
30 ment to his son-in-law Aodzagalas (IV 3), bringing forty||
dressed skins and also a name; and the name given to the child
|
borne by Rmging-Copper (IV 4) was TsEx^wid (V 5) ; and|
AodzagS,las (IV 3) ga/e away the forty dressed skins to the four|
q'.olEla. YiVmesa nancx. Wa, he^mis LegEmltse NanenaskMe.
15 Wii, m6x^wldal5s k' '.es^oLanEmaqos, nEgump. Wa, he^mesEn lagila
wfdaqela, qa^s wilgeos ts !ets '.ex^edxwa ganoLex,
'
' ^nex"^lae. Wii, hex'-
^"idaEnriawise ts!etsex^eda. Wa, laEnrlae xis^ede Awllgalase qaxgin
la'mek' gwal LeqElas Kwaxse-stala laci. Wii, heEnr'liiwise Manixa-
yugwa; wii, hiEmxaa gwiil LegadEs HamiilaqalEmega. Wii, hcEm-
20 -lilwise xiinokwas tsIaS'iis Aoclzagalase, ylx L!riL!ElEwise biibaguma
LE^wis tsla^ye YiiyaqoLlalase. Wii, laEm=lae ts!ets!ex-Ideda galii
Kwiigula. Wii, giihiEm^lawise xisataxs lila-1 kimyasEHva. Wii, la-
Em-lae hiimatsle Awllgalase. Wii, la LegadEs Tslaxuxstala. Wii,
Ifi^lae miima(i!il Lole^yas Aodzagalase, ylx L!iiL!ElEwIse. Wii, la^lae
25 LegadEs ^nawalax"dze. Wii, lii-'lae g-Igiimeq !olEle Mamx'iiyugwa.
Wii, hi-lae LegadEs Omaq '.oIeUi. Wii, lii'lae niine YiiyaqoLlalase. Wii,
la'lae LegadEs Nanenask" !a-ve. Wii, laEm^lae gwfda ts!ets!cqa.
Wii, laEm^lae bEwex^wide L!emElxk!rdagilise. Wa, hVlae miiyul-
'Ida, yisa babagtlme. Wii, g'iix^lae Odze^stalise wiiwalqiilaxes he-
30 gumpe Aodzagiilasasa mo.x"sokwe iiliig inia. Wii, heEm-lawisa
LegEme. Wii, luEm'lae LegadLa mayoLEmas LleniElxk" !iilagilisas
TsEx-'wIde. Wii, laEnrlawise Aodzagalagilise plEs-etsa m6x"sokwe
alag"hn laxa mosgEmak!use ^niil^nE^mema, qa laes xiinokwe Tsex-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 967
numayms on behalf of his chikl TsEx^wid (V 5). Then she had an-
|
other boy, and Odze^staHs (III 5) gave another name for the child,|| 35
and his name was QlrJapa (V 6). Then she had another boy, and
|
|
Odze^stalis (III 5) gave presents of food to his son-in-law, and he
|
gave a name to the boy. And when Asdzagalas (IV
| 3) gave a feast,
with the cinquefoil-roots given by his father-in-hiw, to the Kwag'ul
|| 40
tribes, then he named this new child LaLeliLla (V 7). As soon as
|
Odze^stalis (III 5) went home he fainted and died. Now he had
|
no son, for his only child was Ringing-Copper (IV 4), the prin-|
cess of Odze'stalis (III 5). When it was reported to Ringing-Copper
|
(IV 4) that her father had died, she immediately went|| home with 45
her three children, and she gave away property to her tribe.
| Then
TsEx^wId (V 5) took the seat of Odze^stalis (III| 5), and now his
name was Odze^stalis (V 5). Then he had the first seat in the
|
nnmaym SlsEniJe^ of the Lawetsles. Then Aodzagalas (IV
| 3) was
sad on account of what his wife Ringing-Copper (IV 4) had
done; and he did not want his children to come back, namely, 50
II |
QlElapa (V 6) and his younger brother LaLcliLla (V 7). Now
|
Ringing-Copper (IV 4) made them give a potlatch and take
seats of their relatives who had died before. The two
| children
I
obtained the seats of those who were dead. And for some time
^wide. Wa, la^lae etled xungwatsa babagume. Wa, hcEm^laxaawise
Odze^stalise ts!a qa LegEmsa g'inanEme. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs 35
QlElfipa. Wa, la^laxaa etied xungwatsa babagiime. Wii, hex--
^idaEm'lawise Odze^'stalise la wawalqalaxes nEgumpe. Wa, hxEm-
^lawise et!ed LegEmg'ElxLala ga LegEmsa babagume. Wa, g il^Em^la-
wise k!welas=Ide Aodzagalasasa wawalqillayuwe t!Ex"sosa ylses ue-
gump laxa Kwagulaxs laa^l Lex^ets Lai.eliL!a laxes ale xiinokwa. Wa, 40
g'il-Ein^lawise la na^nakwe Odze^stalisaxs laa^l heoda. Wa, laEm^ae
lE-la. Wii, laEm-lae k' !eas bEgwanEm xiinox"s, cjaxs ^iiEmox^^ma^l
xunox"se LlemElxk" !alagilise, yix k' ledeldiis Odze^stalisde. Wit,
gipEm^lawise gax ts !Ek- !al-'ItsE^we L!emElxk-!alagflisases ompde,
laa^l hex'^idaEin la nii^nakwa LE^wis yudukwe sasEma. Wa, hex'^i- 45
daEm^awise p!Es-ldxes g-okulote. Wa, laEm^lae Lax"stode Tsex-
^vidax Odze^stalisde. Wa, laEm-lae TsEx^vide LegadEs Odze^stalise.
Wii, laEm^lae Liixumesa -'uE^'memotexa SlsEnL!esa Liiwetslese. Wii,,
hiEm'lae tsIixiJe naqa'yas Aodzagalase qa gwex'^idaasases gEiiEme
L!emElxk-!alag llise. Wii, laEm^ae ^nex", qa kMeslag'Is gax^eno- 50
xwes waokwe siisEma, yix Q!Elilpa le-wIs ts!tVye LilLeliLla. Wii,
a-mis la he'me L!emElxk' lalagilise la plEs^edamasEq, qa Liixumsto-
desexes wa5kwe LeLEL^laxa gEyolwula lelE^la. Wii, laEm^lae k!wii-
nokwa ma^lokwc g'inginiinEms k !wek Iwayolas. Wii , lae A5dzagalase
—
968 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [eth. ann. 35
55 Aodzag^las (IV 3) did not wish to marry. Then he asked in mar-||
riage the princess of Chief ^maxuyalidze (IV 5), chief of the numaym,
I
WiwomasgEm of the Mamaleleqahi, and there were two seats before
that of chief ^maxuyalidze. He had a ]M-incess Msled (V S).
I
Now Aodzagalas (IV 3) wooed her for his prince Awllgalas (VI),
I
60 that is Smoke-All-Kound (VI). Then the numajTns the Maam-
|| |
tag'ila and GexsEm and Kukwak!um and Seni.!Em went to pay
|
the marriage money,—and also the Laalax"s^Endayo. All the
|
Kwag III went to pay the marriage money, because their strength
65 is the same as that of the \ranialelec[ala; for the Qlomoya^ye
1 ||
and ^walas Kwag'ul are the first of the Kwag'ul tribes; and also
the Q!omk'!ut!Es; and the Mamaleleqala stand at the head of the
|
Nimkish, Qweq"s6t!eiu)x" and Lawetsles; and the Mamaleleqala do
|
this when one of their chiefs goes to marry a princess of the
I |
chiefs of the Kwag^ul. They go and ask the help of the Nimkish
70 and Qweq"s6t!cnox" and Lawets'.es; and Aodzagalas did the same
|| ]
with the Kwag'ul. Then all went to pay the marriage money,
the five niimayms of the GwetEla, and also the QJomoya^ye, and
|
the ^walas Kwag'ul, and the Q!6mk'!ut!Es. Now, the village of
[
the Mamaleleqala was Memkumlis, and in the center of the village
I
75 was the house of Chief ^maxuyalidze (IV 5). As soon as the
||
|
Kwag'ul arrived in Memkumlis, there was a sham-fight with
55 k'les ^nex" qa^s gEyole gEg'ada. Wa, la^lae g'ayox^widEx k"!e-
delasa g'lgama^ye ^maxuyalidze, yix g'lgSma^yasa ^nE^memaxa Wl-
w5masgEmasa Mamaleleqala, ylxs mama^lokwalg'iwalaes k!wa^ye,
ylxa g'lgama^ye ^maxiij^alidze, yixs k' ledadaas MElede. Wa, laEm-
^lae Aodzagalase gayalaq qaes LEwulgama^ye Awllgalase, yix
60 Kwax'se^stala. Wii, la^laxae ^wFla la qadzcLeda ^naPnE'memaxa
Maamtag'ila LE^wa G'exsEme LE^wa Kukwakliime LE^wa Sen-
Lteme: wii, heEm^lawisa Laalax's^Endayowe, ylxs he^mae lagilas
^wPla la qadzeLeda Kwag'ulaxs ^nEmalasae loq hvena^yasa Kwa-
g'ule LE^wa Mamaleleqtila, yixs mEkiima^yaeda Kwag'ulasa Q!o-
65 moyS,^ye LE^wa ^walase Kwag'ula; wa, he^misa Q!omk'!ut!Ese.
Wa, la mEkiima^yeda Mamaleleqaliisa ^nEmgese EE^wa Qweq"-
sot!enoxwe LE^wa Lawetslese. Wii, IreEm^laxaiiwise gwex'^idaxa
Mamaleleqala, qo qiidzeLanux"lilxe g'lgama^yas lax k' !esk' !Edelas
g'lg'Egama^yasa Kwiig'ule, ylxs lii liixe helaxa ^nEmgese LE^wa
70 Qweq"sot!enoxwe LE^wa Lii wets !ese. Wii, he^mis gwex'^Ide Aodza-
galasaxa Kwagule. LaEni^ae -'wFla la qadzeLeda sEk'!iisgEmak!ilse
^naJ-nE^mema, yisa GwetEla. Wii, he'misa Q!6moyii^ye LEHva ^wa-
lase Kwiigula LE^wa Q!omk'!ut!Ese. Wii, laEnviae heEni g'okfi-
laxa Mamaleleqale Memkumlise. Wa, la^lae nEqetsEma^ye g'o-
75 kwasa g'lgSma^ye ^maxuyalidziisa g'okida. Wii, giPEm^hiwise
lagaeda Kwtikiig'ule la^lax Memkumlisaxs laa^l amaqasosa q!enE
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 969
the many people of the Mamalelcqahi; and many of the Kwa- 77
|
g"ul were hurt, and also many of the Mamaleleqala were hurt,
|
|
for mdeed they threw stones at one another because they gave a
name for the child that Awilgalas (V 1) and his wife MEled 80||
(V 8) might have. His name was to be EpElkiisas (Blood) or
|
Yayllkiilas when it was born, until it was ten months old (I
| just
want to talk about this) ; and after the sham-fight, Awilgalas
|
paid the marriage money. Now, the Kwag'ul did not
| wish to
go ashore, for the princess of Chief ^maxiiyalidze (IV 5), MEled 85
II j
(V 8) was to come down out of the house of her father to go
|
into the canoe of her husband Awilgalas (V 1). She came out of
|
the house of her father with four slaves and many dressed skins
|
as a marriage mat, and also the copper SEwa, on which
|| she was 90
to walk as she was taken down by ^maxuyalidze (IV
j 5) to the
canoe of his son-in-law Awilgalas (V 1); and when MEled| (V 8)
went aboard the canoe of her husband, ^maxuyalidze (IV 5) went
up again. He just told his son-in-law to wait,
| and also all the|
Kwag"ul. He went up the beach in fi-ont of the village and spoke.
|| 95
He said, "Now, listen, son-in-law Awilgalas (V 1). I let go now
|
this name to you, son-in-law. Now your name shall be ^maxwa
|
(V 1), and your father's name shall be ^maxiilag ilis (IV 3)." Thus
he said. And immediately he
\ sent his son-in-law to start off
mola lelqwalaLa^ya Mamaleleqalola. Wa, laEm^lae q leuEme yilkwasa 77
Kwag'ule. Wa, la^laxae qleuEme ogwaqa yilkwasa Mamaleleqala,
qiiLaxs napaplaasa tIesEine, qaxs Leqelae qa LegEms, c[6 xungwadlx'-
^Ide Awllgalase LE^wis gEUEniLe MElede; wa, laEm Legadlaxs ePeI- 80
kulase wiix'e YiyilkulasLalaxs g'alae mayuLEma lalaa laxes he-
logwilaena^ye. (Wa, a^mEn ^nex" qEn gwagwex'sEx'^ide laq.) Wa,
gil^Em^lawise gwala amaqiixs laa^l qadzel^Ida, yix Awllgalase. Wa,
laEm^lae gwalEla ^nekeda Kwakug'ule, qa^s k' !ese hox^wiilta. laxes
yae^yatsle, qa^s gwagwaloLlamex k" !edelasa g'lgama^ye ^ma- 85
xuyalidze^ye MElede, qa g'axese lawEls lax g'5kwases ompe, qa^s
g"axe hexsEla lax ya^yats!ascs la^wiinEme Awllgalase. Wa, g'ax^-
Em^lawise ^nEmawEls lax g'okwases ompe LE^wa mokwe q!ak"&.
Wa, he^mise q!enEme ahigim le^waxses; wa, he^misa Llaqwa, jnx
SEwa, qa qadzEwesos MEledilxs g'axae taodaxdzEms ^maxuyali- go
dzaxs lax ya^yatslases uEgumpe Awllgalase. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise
laxse MElede lax ya^yats!ases laHvtinEmaxs laa^l xwelax^iisdese
^maxuyalidze. AEm^ae axk" !alaxes nEgQmpe qa esales LE^wa ^na-
xwa Kwag-ula. Wa, LVlae laxlyolsax oxwiwa^yasa g'ox"dEmse. Wa,
la^lae yaq!Eg'a^la. Wa, lae ^nek'a: " Weg'a, hoLelax, nEgump Awll- 95
galas, qa lalag'Isg'ada LegEmk' laL, nEgump. Wa, laEras Legadfilts
-'maxwa. Wa, la asax LegadElts ^maxulag'iUse," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex"-
^idaEm^lawise ^yalaqases UEgumpe qa lalag'is LEX^eda. Wa, hex'^ida-
970 ETH^^OLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL luni. ann. 35
400 Then the Kwag'ul went away; and when they arrived at Qalogwis,
| ||
they went ashore, and the Kwagul took ashore the many| dressed
skhis. When all had been taken out of the canoe, | ^maxfdagilis
(IV 3) for that was now the name of Aodzagalas (IV 3) called his|
speakers to clear his house; and as soon as they finished clearing
|
5 his house, he told his speakers to stand outside of the|| house and to
invite all the Kwag'ul on behalf of ^maxwa (V 1) ; for now ho was|
no longer named Awilgalas (V 1). The ancestors of the Kwagul
|
went at once into the house of -maxiilagilis (IV 3) to the potlatch.|
Then he told his numaym the SenLlEm that the name of Awilgalas
|
10 (V 1) was changed to ^maxwa (V 1) and also that this property|| was
given away for his son ^maxwa (V 1), for now Aodzagalas (IV 3),
who had changed his name to ^maxiilagilis (IV 3), said this when|
he gave away the dressed skins, the marriage mat of MEJed (V 8) to|
all the Kwag'ul. And he gave one slave to the head man of
|
each of the four numayms,— to Chief| L!aciwadze, chief of
15 the Maamtag'ila; and to Chief YaqEwId, chief of the G"exsEm;
||
and to Chief K^Iade, chief of the Kukwak!um; and also to Chief
|
I
P!asElal,—to each of these he gave one slave, and he sold the
|
copper SEwa. The chief of the numaym Maamtagila, L!aqwa-
|
20 dze, bought it for forty elk-skins an I a hundred and twenty
||
Em^lawise g'ax LEx^ededa Kwakug'ule. Wa, g'iPEra^lawise lag'aa
400 lax Qalogwise, wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wll^oltaweda Kwakug'ulaxs laa^l
moltodayuweda q !eneme alag-inia. Wii, gil^Em-lawise ^wl^loltaxs
laa^l hex''idaEm4ae ^maxulag"ilise,qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Aodzaga-
lase, axk* lalaxes a^yilkwe, qa ex^widesex g'okwas. Wa, gipEm^lawise
gwala ekwiixa g"okwaxs laa^l a^xk'!alaxes a^yilkwe, qa liis Lax-'wuls
5 lax Llasana^yases g'okwe, cja LelEliisexa ^niixwa Kwakiigiila, qa
^maxwa qaxs lE^mae gwal Legadss Awllgalase. Wii, hex"^idaEm-
^lawise g'ax^El ^wFlaeLeda plekwe q!enEm lelqwalaLa-ya, g'alii Kwa-
kiig'ul lax g-okwas ^maxulag"Ilise. Wii, hiEm-lae nelaxes ^nE^mc-
mota SenLlEmaxs lE^mae LlayuxLe Awllgalasas ^maxwa. Wa, he-
10 ^misexs he^'mae senatses xiinSkwe ^miixwa qaxs lE^mae LlayoxLii
Aodzagalasas ^maxiilag'tlise, ^nex'laexs liia^l yiixHyltsa ahxgimexa
le^waxsa^yas MElede laxa ^naxwa Kwakiigula. Wii, la^lae g'ex-etsa
-niil-nEmokwe lax LCLaxuma^yasa mosgEmakwe ^niiPnE'memasaxa
gigiimayulae i.!iiqwadze, yix g'lgilma^yasa Maamtagila; wii, he-
15 ^misa g'lgiimayulae YiiqEwIde, g'lg&ma^yasaG'exsEme; wii, he^misa
g'igamayulae KMadola, g'lgiima^yasa Ki"ikwak!ume; wii, he-'misa
gigiimajailae P!r,sElalwula. Wii, lieEm^El gex^edaatsa ^nilFnEnio-
kwe q!aka. Wii, hi'lae laxodEx SEwaxa iJaqwa. Wii, he^latla
g'lgiima^yasa -uE^memaxa MaamtagMla, yix L!iiqwadze k'ilx-'wltsa mo-
20 x"sokwe iilagim liiq. Wii, heEuriawisa ma^ltsogtjg iyowe klobawas
BOAS] FAMllA' HISTORIES 971
cedar-bark blankets. Then ^maxwa (V 1) o:avc it away for the 21
|
weight of his father's name, ^maxuiagihs (IV 3), for he was no|
longer named Aodzagalas (IV 3). He gave away forty dressed
|
skins to the chiefs of the Q!omoya^ye and the ^walas Kwag'ul,
|
and also to the Q!omk'!ut!Es, and he gave away a hundred 25||
and twenty blankets to the common people; and immediately
|
all those who had been called to the potlatch went out when
they had received their presents. Now ^maxwa (V 1) and his|
wife Msled (V 8) were a happy couple; and they had not
|
been married a long time when she was with child; and she gave|
birth to a boy, and his name was El^Elkiilas (VI 1) until he 30
||
was ten months old; and then ^maxuyalidze (IV 5) gave as a
]
marriage present forty dressed skins and many cedar-bark blan-
kets to .his son-in-law ^maxwa (V 1), and also a name for his
I
child. Now the name of the child was ^max"mEvvis (VI 1); and
I
now he gave away forty dressed skins and many cedar-bark|
blankets to the ancestors of the Kwag'ul. Then she had again 35||
a boy; and ^maxiiyalidze (IV 5) brought in his canoe a num-|
ber of dressed skins and cedar-bark blankets, and he gave mar-
|
riage presents to his son-in-law ^rnaxwa (V 1), and also a name
|
for the child. Then it was to be named ^maxwaqlolEla (VI| 2).
Thus he said. When ^maxuyalidze (IV 5) stopped speaking, the 40||
father of ^maxwa (VI), ^maxulagilis (IV 3), thanked him for what
he had said. He sent out his speaker to stand outside of| the house|
laq. Wa, laEm^lae -maxwa omayogwilas lax LcgEinases ompe 21
^maxulagilise, qaxs lE-'mae gwal LegadEs Aodzagalase. Wa, laEm-
^lae yax^wltsa mox"sokwe alag'im laxa g'lgigama^yasa Q!omo-
ya^ye LE^wa ^wfilase Kwag-ula. Wii, heEm^lawisa Q!omk'!utEse.
Wa, la^lae yax^wltsa ma^tsogug-iyowe k-!6bawas laxa bebfikwaxa. 25
Wii, la^lae hex'^ida hoquwElseda p!ekwaxs laa^l gwal yaqwasE^wa.
Wii, laEm'lawise ek'e hayasEk'alaena^yas ^maxwa LE^wis gEiiEme
Mfilede. Wii, k' les^Ein^iiwise giila hayasEk'alaxs liiafl bEwex^wide.
Wii, la^lae mtiyuPida ylsa btlbagume. Wa, laEm^Iae LegadEs eHeI-
kiilase lala laqexs liia^l helogwila. Wii, laEm^lae ^ma.xuyalidze 30
walqesasa mox^sokwe iilag'im LE^wa qlensme kMobawas hlxes ue-
giimpe ^mii.xwa. HeEm^iiwisa LegEme qa LegEmsa g'iniinEme.
Wii, laEm Legadeda g'lniinEmas ^niax"mEwisa, yixs hia-l plEseda-
yuweda mox"sokwe ahig'im LE^wa q!enEme k!obawas laxa g'fdii
Kwiigula. Wii, la^lae et!ed xiingwatsa babagume. Wii, hex-^i- 35
daEin^liiwise ^maxuyalidze la malaxa he'maxat! wiixa iilagim le-
^'wa k'lobawase, qa^'s lii wril([esas liixes iiEgiimpe ^'maxwa. Wii,
he^mesa LegEme qa LegEmsa g-hianEme. Wii, laEm^ae LegadElts
^miixwaq '.olEla, 'nex''lae. Wii, g ipEnriawise q!wel-ede ^miixiiya-
lidziixs liia'l Liix^idile ompas ^'msixwe, yix '^maxulagilise, qa's monies 40
waldEnias. Wii, hex^^idaEm^liiwise ^yiilaqases Elkwe qa las Lax^wuls
972 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
43 and to invite the four numayms on account of ^maxwaqlolEla
|
(VI 2), the son of ^maxwa (VI). He said to his speaker,
"You will saj^ so." Immediately the speaker went out of the||
|
45 house of Chief ^maxiilag'ilis (IV 3), and he shouted, inviting|
them; and when he stopped, he came again into the house to|
clear it out; and after that had been done, the four numayms
|
came in. Now ^maxulag'ilis (IV 3) told them that the name of|
50 his grandson would be ^maxwaq!olEla (VI 2), which was given||
in marriage by ^maxiiyalidze (IV 5) to his son-in-law ^maxwa
(V 1) Thus he said; and then he gave away dressed skins and
I
many cedar-bark blankets; and then they had another son, and
| |
the same was done by ^maxuyalidze (IV 5) ; and he gave him the
name M&mx-si (VI 3) for the child borne by MEled (V 8). Then[ ||
55 MEled (V 8) gave birth to another boy, and ^maxiiyalidze (IV 5)
gave him another name, MEledzas, (VI 4) for the name of the|
new-born child; and she gave birth to a daughter, and ^maxii-
|
yalidze (IV 5) gave her the name «max"mEwIdzEmga (VI| 5) as
a name for the new-born child; and when MEled (V 8) was|
again with child, her father, ^maxuyalidze, (IV 5) was taken ill.||
60 Then ^maxwa (V 1) told his father, ^maxiilag-ilis (IV 3), to go|
quickly and see him at Memkumlis, and also MEled (V 8) went
from Qalogwis. When they arrived, the people went to meet
I
42 lax Llasana-yases g'okwe qa LelElasexa m5sgEmakwe ^nal-nE^mc-
ma, qa ^maxwaq lolElaxa xuuokwas ^maxwa. "^nex'LEs," ^nex"-
^laexes Elkwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la lawElseda Elkwa lax
45 g'okwases g'igama^ye ^maxulagilise. Wit, laEm-lawise hasElaxs
lae LelEla. Wit, g-ib"Em4awise q'.wel-edExs g-axaaEl xwelageLa
laxa g'okwe, qa^s ex^wldeq. Wa, g'il-Em-lawise gwala g'ilxa-
a^las hogwiLeda m5sgEraakwe ^nal^nE^'mema. Wa, laEmiawise
^maxulag'ihse nelaqexs lE-mae LegadEs ts!ox"LEmas ^maxwaqlo-
50 lEla, yixs LegEmg'ElxLa^yaas ^maxuyahdze laxes nEgvlmpe ^maxwa,
^nex'^laexs laa^l yax^wltsa alagime i.o^laeda q!enEme k'!o-
bawasa. Wii, la^lae et!ed xungwada ytsa babagume. Wii, heEm-
-laxaawise gwex'^id^lae ^maxtiyalidze. Wii, laEmHae LegEmg'ElxLala
lax Mitmx'a qa LegEms ale mayoEEms MElede. Wii, la-'lae etlede
55 MElede mayoHtsa babagume lii^axae ^maxuyalidze LegEmg-Elx-
Lalax MEledzase qa LegEmsa ale miiyoLEma. Wii, la-lae et!ed ma-
yol'itsats!ats!adagEme. Wii, lii^laxae ^miixiiyalidze LegEmg'ElxLiilax
^max"mEwidzEmga qa LegEmsa file mayoLEma. Wa, heEm-liiwis ales
bEwex^wId et!ede MEledax laa^lts!EX'q!EX"^ides ompe ^maxiiyahdze-
60 yola. Wii, hex'^idasm'^lawise ^maxwa iixk' !iilaxes ompe 'maxiilag-ilise,
qa^s lii iiltsErae doqwaq liix Memkumlise, Lo^me MElede g'iix'^Id lax
Qalogwise. Wa, la^Iae lag-aaxs laaM lalalasE^wa. Wii, hiEm-lae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 973
hem, and they told Msled (V 8) that her father, ^maxuyaUdze 63|
(IV 5), had died tlie night before. Then the father of ^maxwa]
(V 1), ^maxulagilis (IV 3), when he heard the report, fainted 65||
and he also died. Then ^maxwa (V 1) spoke to his wifeMEled (V| 8),
and said, "Oh, my dear! let my father be buried together with
|
I
your father. Now I will stay with the MamaleleqMa." Thus he
| |
said. His wife Msled (V 8) agi-eed with hun, for ^maxwa (V 70|| 1)
was ashamed of what had happened to his father, and therefore
left his numaym the SenLlEm. The Mamaleleqala came home after
|
I
biu-ying ^maxiilagilis (IV3).
| Then Msled (V
| 8) invited the Ma-
maleleqala and told her tribe what she thought, and that she[
wished her husband, ^maxwa (V 1), to take the place of his 75||
father-in-law, ^maxuyalidze (IV 5). Then the Mamaleleqala agreed
|
to what she said, for he had been a good chief. Now ^maxwa
|
(V 1) gave a potlatch to the ancestors of the Mamaleleqala, and|
his name was still ^maxwa (V 1).
|
At this time the white people came to build a house at Tsaxis
(Fort Rupert) in 1849. Then ^maxwa (V 1) was leally treated 80||
as a chief by the ancestors of the Mamaleleqala, for they
|
wanted to keep him, that he should not go back to the Kwa-
g'u}; and he never went back again, because he
| was a chief of
the numaym WiwomasgEm. Now Msled (V 8) gave as a marriage|
MElede ts lEk' lalEtsoxs lE^maa nex"sElses 5mpe ^maxuyalidzex'de. 63
Wit, glPEm^'lawise ompas ^maxwa, ylx ^maxiilagilise helatox waldE-
masa ts!Ek-!alElaxs laa^l heoda. Wii, laEm^laxae lE^la. Wa, he- 65
x'^idaEm^awise yaq!Eg"a-le ^maxwiixes gEUEme MElede. Wa, la^lae
^neka: "^ya, ada, yulag'aEmax'ox wfuiEmtEn ompdex qa q!ap!a-
laLEla^mesox l6 asda. Wii, la^mesEn yux"saEmi laxda Mamaleleqa-
lax," ^nex-^lae. Wa, ala^lat!a heiaLEla lax naqa-yas gEUEmase
MElede qaxs Is^mae ^muxwa hamax'tslaxsa b&ses ^nE^memota 70
SeuLlEme, qa gwex'^idaasases ompde. Wa, la^lae g-ax na^nakweda
Mamaleleqalaxs wfmEmtaax ^maxulag-ilisde. Wa, la-lae Lelts!ode
MEledaxa Mamaleleqala. Wa, laEm^lae nelas gwalaasases naqa^ye
laxes g'okiilote, yixs lE-'mae ^nex", qa he^mises la^wfmEme ^maxwa
Llayostodxes UEgumpde ^maxuyalidzex'de. Wii, la^ae ^naxwa 75
ex^aqa Mamaleleqaliix waldEmas, qaxs aiaa4 ex'wul g'Tgama^'ya.
Wii, laEm^lae p!Es^Ide ^maxwiixa g-ala Mamaleleqala. Wa, he-
xsiiEm^iiwis LegEmse ^miixwa.
Wa, g-ax^me g-oxwalidzases Tsaxise laxeq 1849. Wa, laEm^ae
ala aek-ilasEHve ^maxwii, g-ag-exsilaso^'sag-aliisa Mamaleleqala, qaxs 80
dziidzanaaq, qa k' lesesgax aedaaqaliixaKwiig-ule. Wii, ala^mesek' !es
la g'ax aedaaqa, qaxs lE^mae g-Igamesa -'uE^memaxa WiwomasgEme.
Wsl, laEm^lae MElede Liixwig-ElxLalax Laxwa^yases ompde liixes
974 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii. axn. 35
present the scat of her father to her husband ^maxwa (V1 1),
and she gave as a marriage present the house called Q!aats!e ||
85 to ^maxwa (V 1). Then Msled (V S) gave birth to another child
(VI 6), and this yoiuigest cliild was named Lebas (VI 6).1 |
Now there were five boys and one girl. Two wuiters after ^ma-|
xiiyalidze (IV 5) had died, ^maxwa (V 1) said that he wanted|
90 to invite his tribe, the Kwag-ul, to come to a potlatch at||
Memkumlis, and he called in his numaym the WlwomasgEm to|
come into his house Qlaats'.e. When they were all in, ^maxwa|
|
(V 1) at once stood up and spoke. He said, "O numaym Wi-|
95 womasgEm ! I call you that you may know what my desire is.||
I wish you to go and invite* the Kwag'ul for me." Thus he
]
said; and when he stopped speaking, one of his speakers arose,|
|
and said that they would go at once and launch the inviting-
|
500 canoe; and his numaym said that he shoidd go ahead quickly.
||
Then they arose at once and went out of the house of their1
chief. They prepared themselves; and when the food was ready|
that they were going t > take, they launched the inviting- canoe|
and went aboard. They started off. ^niaxwa (V 1) and his wife|
5 Msled (V 8) did not go. The messengers arrived and invited||
la-'wiinEme ^maxwa. Wa, la'lac g-okiilxLalaxa g'okwe i.egadEs Q!af-
85 ts!e laxaax ^maxwa. Wa, laEnr'laxae xungwada yix Mslede. Wa,
laEm^lae Lex^edElas Lebase laxes ale xunokwa. Wa, laEm^lae sEk' !o-
kwa bebEgwanEme sasEms. Wii, la^lae ^uEmokwa ts!ats!adagE-
ma. Wii, he'lat!a la ma^lEuxe ts!a^wunxas la Ie'Ic 'maxiiyalidze-
x"daxs laa^l ^nek"e ^maxwa, qa-s LelElexes gokulotaxa Kwakug'ule,
90 qa g'axes p!ekus lax Memkumlise. Wii, la^lae Leltslodxes la
^uE-memotaxa WiwomasgEme, qa gaxes ^wFlaeLEla liix gokwase
Q!aats!e. Wii, g'ax^Em^Iawise ^wrta hogwiLa. Wii, g'U^Em^lawise
g'iix ^wI-laeLExs laa^lhex-'ida^me ^miixwa La.x'ulila qa^las yfiqlEga^le.
Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "HedEn Le-lallloL, ^uE-memot WlwomasgEm,
95 qa^s qlalaosaxg'a gwiilaasg'asg'hi naqek', qaxg'in ^nek'ik-, qa^s
lax"da^xwaos LelElaxa Kwakfigula qaEu,'' ^nex"'lae. Wii, g iHEni-
^awise q!wel-idExs laa'l Liix-ullla gayule lax a^j-ilkwiis. Wii,
la^lae ^nex" qa^s hex'^ida^me la LElstEudxes Lcltsayuwats !eLe xwii-
k!ima. Wii, lil^lae ^uiixwaEm ^neke 'nE'memotas, (ja witges aEm
500 hali'^liila. Wit, aEm^liiwise hex'^idaEm qlwagillla, qa^s lii'l hoqu-
wElsa lax gokwases g'lgama^ye, qa^s lii xwanaKda. Wii, g-H^Em^la-
wise gwiix'gullle g iwfdkwasexs liia'l LEl'stEndxes LeltsayowatsleLe
xwiikluna, qa^s hox^walExse. Wii, laxda^x"-Em^lae lilex-wida. Wii,
laEm^lae k' !es la ^maxwa le^wIs gEUEme MElede. Wii, la^lae lag-aeda
5 Leltsayo, qa^s Lelalak" !Eg'a^texa Kwiigule. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lilwise
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 975
the Kwag'iii, and all of the Kwag'ui got ready. In the morn- 6
|
ing, when day came, the mvited Kwag'ul started. The canoe
| ]
of the messengers kept ahead of them. Then the Kwag'ul|
arrived m front of the house of ^maxwa (V 1), m the center ||
of the village of Memkumlis. Then ^maxwa (V 1) himself 10|
spoke, and invited his guests to eat. When he stopped speak-
|
ing the Kwag'ul went ashore out of their canoes and went into|
the house of ^maxwa (V 1) who gave them to eat. After they|
had eaten, ^maxwa (V 1) wished to give away many cedar- 15||
bark blankets and chessed skins for his potlatch.
|
He was told to go on. Then he sent out his speakers and|
called the Kwag'ul and the ]\Iamaleleqala. Then those who were
|
sent went, and it was not long before they all came in. When|
they were all in the house, MEled (V|| 8), the wife of ^maxwa 20
(V 1) arose and spoke. She said: ' "O chiefs of the Mamalele-
qala! I will telJ you what I have in my mind. Hereafter my|
husband, ^maxwa (V 1), will take the place of my father. Hej
will take his seat, and his name will be ^maxiiyalidze (V 1).
|
Now, do not name him ^nuixwa (VI), for he will never leave us 25||
Mamaleleqala, any more." Tluis she said. After she had spoken|
all the chiefs of the Mamaleleqala agreed to what Msled (V 8)
|
^naxwa xwanaPideda Kwakiig'uie. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise ^nax'^idxa. 6
gailliixs g'axaa^ ^wl^la alex^wideda Lelalakwa Kwakugule. Wa,
aEm'lae g'alag'iwa^ye ya^yats!asa Leltsayowe. Wii, L¥lae lagaeda
plekwe Kwakiigul lax uEqEmalesa g'okwas ^maxwa lax uEqetsEma-
^yasa g'okula lax Memkumlise, wa, xamadzaqwaEm^lawise ^maxwa 10
yaq'.Eg'a-ia, yixs hlaH Lelnviittodxes Le^lauEme. Wa, g il^Em^lawise
q!wel-idExs laa^l hox^wultaweda Kwakug'ule laxesy ae^yatsle. Wa,
laEm^lawise haeLEla lax g'okwas ^maxwa, qa^s IM LJExwa laq.
Wa, g iPEm^lawise gwal LJEXwaxs laa^lae ^maxwa ^nex' qa^s yax-
^widesa q!enEme k'lobawasa LE^wa alag'ime laxa plekwe. 15
Wa, hex'HdaEm^lawise wiixasE^wa. Wii, la^ae ^yalaqases a^yllkwe
qa liis ^wa-wi^laeL!a Le^'lalaxa Kwfikug'ule LE^wa Mamaleleqala.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise lada ^yalagEme. Wa, k'!es^lat!a galaxs
g'axaa^l ^wFlaeLa. Wii, g'll^Em^lawise ^wi^laeLExs laa^las Lax^ttlile
MElede, yLx gEUEnias -maxwa, qa^s yiiqlEga^le. Wii, la^lae ^neka: 20
" ^ys^) g'igEgames Mamaleleqiil. HedEu nelEmx'da^xoLega gwiila-
asg'asg'in naqek', yixs lE^maex' L'.ayostodLEn lii^wiinEmex yixox
^milxwiix laxEn ompdiiEn. La^mox lalliix klwa^yas. Wii, la'mesox
LegadEl -miixuyalidze. Wii, hiEms gwal LeqElas ^maxwa liiq", qaxs
lE-'maex k'lesLE lal baLEns Mamaleleqal," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'lPEm- 25
^hlwise q!wel-ldExs, hla^las ^nEmSla^mEl ex'^ak'e glg'lgania^yasa
Mamaleleqaliix waklEmas MElede. Wii, heEm^liiwis la LaxMllIlatsa
976 ETHNOLOGY OF TilK KWAKIUTL Leth. ann. 35
28 had said. Theu one of the chiefs of the Kwag'uJ arose and|
spoke. He said, "O chiefs of the Mamaleleqala! do not carry too
1
30 far what you are talking about in regard to our chief ^maxwa (VI),
II
for you are not willing to let him come back to us. Let us Kwa-
|
I
g"ul say to them that he shall let some of the children of our
chief ^maxwa (V 1) be treated by us as chiefs." Thus he said.
I
Immediately ^maxiiyalidze (V 1) (for we no longer call him ^maxwa|
35 [V 1]) spoke, and said, " What you say is good, chiefs of theII |
Kwag'ul. Now ^maxwaq lolEla (VI 2) and his younger brother
|
M&mx'a (VI 3) shall go. ^maxwaq !dlEla (VI 2) shall have the name
G'ayosdas (VI 2) of the SenLlEm, and Mamx'a (VI| 3) shall also
change his name. His name shall be Smoke-all-Aromid(Vl3). You
|
40 luiow the seats which I had when I was with you, SeuLlEm. They||
shall go, because I shall truly stay with the Mamaleleqrda." Thus]
he said. Now aU the SenLJEm were sorry on account of what he|
had said. Then he gave away dressed skins and cedar-bark blank-|
ets to the invited Kwag"ut. As soon as he had finished his pot-|
45 latch, the chief of the numaym Maamtag"ila,|| Llaqwadze, arose and
spoke. He said, "O Mamaleleqala!—and you, Kwag'ul! how do
|
you feel about the white people who have come and built a house
i
at Tsaxis? Let us go and see them! " Thus he said. Immediately
|
all agreed to what he said. Then all the Kwag^ul and| Mamalele-
28 g'ayote lax g'lg'igama^yasa Kwakug'ule, qa^s yaqlEg'a^le. Wa,
la-'lae -nek-a: " ^ya, g'igEgames Mamaleleqal; !Vma k'!es xEULEla
30 sabEud laxos waldEmaqos qa^nu^x" gigama^yox ^maxwax, ylxs
lE^maaqos yax'stotsox g'ax et!Eqa g^axEnu^x". Wa, het!aLEns
waldEmLe Kwakug'ul, qa g'axnokwesa sasEmasEns g'lgama^ye
'maxwa tjEns g'flg'exsIlasE^wa," ^nex^^ae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
^maxiiyalidze, qaxgins la^mek' gwal LeqElas ^maxwa laq; wii, la^ae
35 yaq!Ega'la. Wit, h¥lae ^nek"a: " Ex-'maes waklEmos g'IgEgames
Kwagul. La^mesox lal laLox ^maxwaq !olElax le^wos ts!a^3'aq!6x
Mamxax, qa lalagultsox ^maxwaq lolElax LegadElts G^ayosdase laL
SenLlEm. Wa, hiEmxaawiso LlayoxLixLox MEmxax. Wii, laEm-
xaawiso LegadElts Kwax^se^stala. Wa, las qlahiEmxEn LaLEXwa-
40 ^yaqlEn lai. SeniJEm, qa he^meltsox la qaEn laene^me ala xEk!a
laxg'a Mamaleleqalak," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hiEm'lawise ^na.\wa-ma
SenL!Eme mayatas waldEmas. Wii, laEm^awise yax^wltsa illaglme
LE^wa k!oba^wase laxes Lela^lakwa Kwakug'ule. Wa, glPEm^lawise
gwal yaqwaxs laa^lase Lax^ulile gigama^yasa ^nE^memasa Maamta-
45 g'ila, ytx L!aqwadze, qa^s yiiq!Ega^le. Wa, la^lae ^neka: "^ya,
Mamaleleqilla lo% Kwagul. Walos nenaqa^yaq !os qaeda gwE^ya
mamal^a gfix gokwila lax Tsaxise, qEns la doqwaq ?" ^nex'lae.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^naxwa ex'ak'Ex wiildEmas. Wii, hex'-i-
daEm^liiwis gax ^wi^leda Kwagule LE^wa Mamaleleciala LE^wa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 977
qaia and Qlomoya^ye, and the ^walas Kwag'ul, went to Tsiixis. 50
|| |
Now they behaved what was reported to them at Qalogwis. The
|
Kwag'ul and the Mamaleleqala wont back at once to brmg then- houses
|
and all their property, and they came to build houses at Fort Ru-|
pert. Now the Kwag'ul really left their village sites at Qalogwis, 55
||
and the QlomoysVye their village site at Ts!ade, and the ^walas
|
Kwag'ul their village site at Adaple, and they stayed at Fort Ru-
|
pert; but the Mamaleleqala did not stay long, then they went back
|
to Memkumlis; and the Kwag'ul and Q!omoya^ye and ^walas|
Kwag'ul, and also the Q!omk'!ut!Es, kept together, and they built 60
||
houses at Fort Rupert; and when the Kwag'ul had built their
|
houses, G'ayosdas (VI 2) was a young man. | He had taken the
place ot his father (VI), who was now chief ot the Mamaleleqala,
[
that is, of ^maxiiyalidze (V 1), who had been chief of the numaym
SenLJEm. Now G'ayosdas (VI 2) was chief of the SeuL'.Em. Now|||
his numaym wished him to marry a princess of chief[ some of the G5
Kwag'ul, for they did not want him to marry outside and also his
; |
yoiuiger brother, Smoke-All-Round (VI 3), for they disliked what
had been done by their father, whose wife would not let him come|
back again. As soon as the houses which the four Kwag'ul tribes
|
had built were finished, G'ayosdas (VI 2) spoke to his brother|| jq
Smoke-All-Round (VI 3). He |saidto him that he had seen a woman
Q'.omoya^ye LE^wa ^walase Kwag'ula. Wii, g'ax^lae g'ax^aLEla lax 50
Tsaxise. Wii, laEm^ae oq lus^idEx waldEmasa ts'.Ek'lalElas lax
Qalogwise. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la aedaaqeda Kwakiigule LE^wa
Mamaleleqala, qa^s la mawaxes g'okwe le^wIs ^naxwa gwelgwiila,
qa's g'axe g'ox^walls lax Tsaxise. Wa, laEm^lae alak'Iala bEweda
Kwakiigulases g'ox"dEmse Qalogwise Lo^ Ts!ade, yix g'ox"dEmsasa 55
Q!omoya^ye, lo^ Adaple, ylx g'ox"dEmsasa ^walase Kwilg'iila. Wii,
heEmxEk'Ia lax Tsaxise. Wa, lii k'!es gala'laeda Mamaleleqalaxs
laa^l na^nax" lax Memkumlise. Wa, laEm^lae qlap'.ex'^sada Kwa-
gule, LE^wa Qlomoya^ye LE^wa ^walase Kwag'ula; wa, he^misa
Q!omk'!ut!Ese, yLxs laaH g'okwela lax Tsaxise. Wa, g'il^Em^awise go
gwale g'ig'okwela^yasa Kwakug'ulaxs laa4 helak'Iox^ide G'ayos-
Sase, yixs lE^mae Llayustodxes onipexa la g'lgamesa Mamalele.
qala, yix ^maxuyalidze, yixs g'igamayaolasa ^iiE^mema SeuLlEme-
Wa, he^mis la g'lgama^ye G'ayosdase ytsa SeiiLlEme. Wa, laEin^las
wise ^nek'e ^iiE^memotas, qa wag'Is gEg'ada lax k' !esk' ledela- q5
g'lg'Egama^yasa Kwakug'ule, qaxs k' !esae la helq!olEm la gEg'a-
dExt!a LE-'wis tsla^ye Kwax'se^stala, qaxs anag'Emae gwex'^idaa-
sas ompda^xwasexs lae xEk' laasoses gEiiEme. Wa, g'iPEm'lawise
gwat^Emg'aElseda g'igokwela^ya inosgEmakwe KwakQg'ula, laa^Iase
yaqlEga^e Gayosdase laxes ^nEmwote Kwax'se^stala. Wa, laEm 70
nelaxs lE^mae dox^wai.Elaxa ek'e lax n9,qa^yas tslsdaqa, yix k' ledelas
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 13
978 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
that ])leased him, the princess of A^waliisk'inis (V 9), K'lamaxalas|
(VI 7), for he was the head chief of the numayni llaayalik'awe^, "that
I may oV)tain privileges on accoimt of what was done by our father."
|
75 Thus he said. Tlien Smoke-All-Round (VI 3) also spoke. He told|| |
him to go ahead and to call a meetmg of their numaym the Sen-
|
L'.Eni, to tell them of what he had in mind, Immediately G'ayos-
j
das (VI 2) wished his younger brother Smoko-All-Round (VI 3) to call|
his numaym theSenL'.Em, and Smoke-All-Round (VI 3) went at once
80 to invite them. It was not long before the numaym SenL!Em
II
came in. Then G'ayosdas (VI 2) spoke, and told them that he
j j
wished to miarry the princess of A^walask'inis (V 9), K"!amaxalas
(VI 7), the princess of the chief of the numaym Haayalik'awe^.
I
85 Thus he said. The numaym agreed at once to his words, and he| jj
made the marriage payment at once. After they had been married,
[
chief A^walask'inis (V 9) stood up and spoke. He said, "Now, listen,
|
son-in-law G'ayosdas (VI 2)!—Come, chiefs of the SenLlEm, and
]
lift your wife, and carry her to the house of my son-in-law; for
j
90 she is sitting on her marriage mat, on these ten blankets. Your||
name will be Yaqostod (VI 2), son-in-law; and when you wish toj
give a winter dance, your dancer will be Hayalik'ila, and his namej
will be Ts!aqame*." Thus he said; and when he stopped speaking,
j
72 A^walaskinise, yix K" lamaxalase, qaxs he^mae xamagEme g'lgS.-
ma^ye A^walaskinisasa -nE^memotasa Haayalik'awa^ye, "qEn wag'e
k'!ak!es^0L!a laq, qa gwex'^idaasasEns ompa gaxEns," ^nex'^lae.
75 Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise dgwaqa yaqlEg'a^e Kwax'se^stala. Wa,
laEm^lawise aEm waxaq qa wag'is ^Em Leltslodxes ^nE^memotaxa
SenLlEme, qa^s neleseq yls gwalaasases naqa^ye laq. Wii, hex'^i-
daEm^lawise G'ayosdase ^nex' qa he^mises tsla^ye Kwax'se^stala la
Le^lalaxes ^nE^memotaxa SentlEme. Wa, liex'^idaEm^lawiseKwax'se-
80 %talala Le^lala. Wa, k' !es^lat !a galaxs gaxaa^l ^wFlaeLes ^nE^memota
SenLlEme. Wii, la^ae yaq !Eg"a^le Gayosdiise, qa^s nelexs lE^mae
^nex" qa^s gEg'ades k' ledelas A^walaskinise, lax K" lamaxalase lax
g'lgilma^yasa ^uE^memaxa Ha^yalik'awa^ye, ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^i-
daEm^lawise ^naxwa exake ^nE^memotasex waldEmas. Wii, hex'^i-
85 daEm^awise qiidzeHdEq. Wa, gll^Em^liiwise gwiila qadzeLaxs liia^l
LiLx^ulIleda g-ig^ma^ye A^walask-inise, qa^s yiiq!Ega%. Wii, lc¥lae
-neka: "Wega hoLelal gaxEn, nEgiimp, Gayosdiis. Gelag'a
g'ig'Egames SenLlEm dag'ililaxg'as gEUEmg'os qa lalag'isEk' liixes
gokwaos, nEgump, qaxs la^meg'as kiwadzalllgas le^waxsex'xg'a
90 lastok" p lElxElasgEma. Wii, helmets LegEmLose Yaqostode, nE-
gQmp. Wii, g'll^EmlwIts ^nexxE qa^s tsletsleqaos laLe Hayalik'l-
laLes senatLaos; wii, he^mis LegEmltse Ts!iiqiima^ye," ^nex^lae. Wa,
gipEm^liiwise q IweHdExs liia^l ^naxwa q Iwagillleda ^nE^mema, ylxa
liOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 979
the numajon SenLlEm arose and went into a room in which
j
KMamaxalas (VI 7), the ])rincess of Chief A^walaskinis (V 9), was 95||
seated; and when they had gone into the room, KMamaxalas
|
(VI 7) arose and told them where the pile of ten blankets, her|
marriage mat, was. Then these were taken by some of the num-
|
aym of the SenL!Em. They came out of the room, and among
|
them walked K' !amaxalas (VI 7), and they went back to thei house 600||
of G'ayosdas (VI 2). Immediately G'ayosdas (VI 2) sent his|
speakers to call the Maamtag'ila and the numaym G'exsEm and
|
the Kiikwak!um and also the- Laalax's^Endayo,—the four num-
|
ayms. Immediately they went and stood outside of the house of
|
G'ayosdas (VI 2). Then they invited, and this is what they said 5
||
when they were inviting: "Now, Maamtag^ila, G'exsEm, Kiikwa-
|
I
k!um, Laalax's^Endayo, you will see the dance of YayaqoLlalas
(VI 3), the daughter' of Yaqosto.d (VI 2),"—for his name was no|
longer G'ayosdas,—and hereafter his name was Yaqostod| (VI 2),
which he obtained in marriage. |l
I have forgotten the name given in marriage by A^walaskinis (V 9) 10
to be I the name of Smoke-All-Round (VI 3). It is YayaqoLlalas
(VI 3), for the potlatch was given by Yaqostod (VI 2) for his I
younger brother Smoke-AU-Round (VI 3). Now his name was no longer
Smoke-All-Round (VI 3), and I shall name him YayaqoLlalas (VI| 3). (
SenLlEme, qa^s la4 hox"ts!alll lax kiwaelasas K' lamaxalase,
ylx k" !edelasa g'lgama^ye A^walask'inise. Wa, g'lHEm^'lawise
| 95
^wl^lts !alllExs laa4 Lax^iillle K' !amaxalase, qa^s neles k'.ego-
lasasa lastowe plElxElasgEmaxes le^waxseLe. Wa, g'U^Em^lawise
ax^alelEmsa g'ayule laxa ^nE^memotasa SenLlEmaxs gaxaa^l hox-
^wiilts !alila. Wii, laEm^lae qaga^ye K" !amaxalasaqexs lax'da^xwae
nii^nakweda qadzeLaxcle lax g'okwas G'ayosdiise. Wii, hex'^idaEra- 600
^lawise Gayosdase ^yalaqasa ii^yilkwe, qa las Le^lalaxa Maamtagila
LE^wa ^nE^'memote G'exsEma LE^wa Kukwaklum; wa, he^misa Laa-
lax's^Endayowexa mosgEmak!use ^nal^nE^memasa. Wa, hex'^idaEm-
^awise laxda^xwa qa's Lax^iilse lax Llasan^^yas g'okwas G'ayos-
dase. Wii, lii^lae Le^lElak' !ala. Wii, g'a^mes waldEmseg'axs liia^l 5
Leklzaqwa: "LaEms x'itsIax'ilaLai' Maamtag'ilai', G"exsEmai',
Kukwakliimai', Laalaxs^Endayowai' lax YayaqoLlalasai' xunokwas
Yaqostodai'," qaxs lE^mae gwiil LegadEs G'ayosdase, yixs lE^mae
LegadElts LegEmg'ElxLa^yase YiLqostode.
Wii, he-mEn LlElewesE^we LegEmg-ElxLa^yas A^wiilasklnise qa 10
LegEms Kwax'se^stale YayaqoLlalase, qaxs he^mae senats Yiiqostodes
ts!a^ye Kwax'se^stala. Wii, laEm^lae gwal Kwax'se^stalaxxa. La-
£•mesEn LeqElaLEs YayaqoLlalase laq.
In reality, the younger brother.
980 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. anx. 35
15 Then the foiu- numayms came in, and Yaqostod (VI|| 2) spoke,
and told his nuinaym what he thought, that he would take the |]
seat of his father, ^maxuyalidze (V 1), of his numaym SeuLlEm,
which was the head seat, and he wanted his yoimger brother |
I
20 YiiyaqoLlalas (VI 3) to stand next to him. Thus he said, and thej|
numaym agreed to what he said. When he finished speaking, Ya-|
qostod (VI 2) gave away the ten blankets to the Chiefs of the four|
numayms, and he gave the cedar-bark blankets to the common|
people. When everything had been given away, they went out. |
Yaqostod (VI 2) and his wife K" lamaxalas (VI 7) had not been
25 married long when she was with child, and she gave birth to a1|
daughter; and A^walask'inis (V 9) at once gave a marriage present|
of ten blankets to his son-in-law Yaqostod (VI 2), and he gave him
I
as marriage gift the name for the new-born princess of K" !amaxalas|
(VI 7). He gave away the name Le^lenox" (VII 1) for the name1
30 of the child of Yaqostod (VI 2) ; and when he had finished his
II
speech ho gave away ten blankets to the chiefs of the four num-|
|
ayms. After he had given the blankets, the four tribes went out. |
When the child of Yaqostod (VI 2) was ten months old, Yaqostod|
35 (VI 2) wished to have two wives, but he did not tell his wife|| |
K' lamaxalas (VI 7) what he was thinking about. He did as every-
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise g-ax ^wi-la hogwiteda mosgEmakluse ^nal-
15 ^uE^memasa. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg-a^le Yaqostode. Wa, laEm^lae nek-
xes ^uE^memotas gwalaasases naqa^ye, yixs he^meLe LaxwaiaLe La-
xwa^yases ompae ^maxiiyalidze laxes ^uE^memotaxa SenLlEme, yixs
Laxuma^yae. Wa, la^lae ^nex' qa Lawapla^yeses tsla^ye YayaqoLla-
lase laqexs hiie, ^nex'^ae. Wii, aEm^laxaawise ^nsmag-a exake ^ue-
20 ^memotasex waldEmas. Wa, gih'Em'^lawise ^wi^la gwale ws\ldEmasexs
laa^yax^wide Yaqostodasa lastowe plElxElasgEm lax gig'Egama^yasa
moso-Emakwe ^uiil^nE-memasa. Wa, la^ae yax^wltsa k' lobawase laxa
bebEkwaxa. Wa, g-iPEm^lawise ^wilxtoxs laaH VFla hoqiiwElsa.
Wa, k'!es^lat!a giila hayasEk'ale Yaqostode i.E^vis gEUEme K- !a-
25 maxalasaxs laa^l bEwexHvida. Wa, la-'lae mayuPltsa ts!ats!adagEme.
Wa la^lae hex'^ida^me A^walaskinise la wawalqiilasa lastowe p!El-
xElasgEme laxes nEgiimpe Yaqostode. Wa, la^laeLegEmgElxLalaxa
LegEme qa LegEmsa ts'.atsIadagEme mayoLEmses k" !edele K" liimaxa-
lase. Wii, laEm^lae LegEmg'ElxLalax LeHenoxwe qa LegEmsa xuno-
30 kwas Yaqostode. Wii, gih'Em-hiwise gwaWae waldEmasexs laa-'l
yax^wld^asa lastowe plElxElasgEm Lax glg-Egama^yasa mosgEmakwe
^nal^uE^memasa. Wii, g-ih'Em^lilwise gwal yiiqwaxs laa^l hoqiiwElsa
^wi^leda mosgEmakwe. Wii, gil^Em-lilwise la helogwila'lae xiino-
kwas Yilqostode laa^ase sEnx-^ide Yaqostode, qa-'s wiig-e ma^lila
35 lUxes gEgEUEme. Wa, kMets!Em^lawise nelases sEnyastolIltsE^wa
laxes gEUEme K" lamaxalase. Wa, laEm^laelax gwex'sdEmas q lenE-
noAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 981
body does who is doubtful. | He was down-hearted. Then his wife 37
K" lamaxalas (VI 7) asked him why he was down-hearted, and he|
told her. He said, "I am troubled; I wish to have two wives; 40
| ||
and you shall be the chief wife, and the other one shall be second
wife, and it troubles me to think that you may not let me have
[
I
two wives." Thcia his wife KMiimaxalas (VI 7) replied (and said),|
"Would it not make me feel badly if you should take a common
|
wife ? What would please me would be if you shoidd marry the
|| 45
princess of YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10), Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8), because|
the numaym Yaex'agEme^ has many privileges. Go ahead!" she
|
said. Then Yaqostod (VI 2) was hapj^y; and he sent out his
|
|
yoimger brother YayaqoLlalas (VI 3) to call his numaym the
SenLlEm.
||
He called them immediately, and it was not long before 50
they all came in. Then he told them that he wanted to
I
have two wives, for he said that he was going to marry
|
Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8), the princess of YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10). Thus|
he said; and immediately his whole numaym the SenLlEm said,
|
"Indeed, you are a chief! Go on!" Thus he was told. Then he
|| 55
married her; and after they were married, the chief YaqoLElasEme^|
(V 16) arose, and called his princess Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8) out of|
her room with her woman slaves. She went to her father with her]
mas n&qa^yaxs xulsae. Wa, heEm^lawis la wuLas^las gEUEmase 37
K" !amaxalasaq lax xulylmas. Wa, heEm^lawis la nelas^laseq. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'Exs haa4 q!eyos naqa^yasexs nenk' !eqElae qa^s ma^lllexes
gEUEme, "qa^s so^maos gEk'imaliia. Wa, laLaLe gEUEmq !alaEmLa 40
aleLaEn gEUEmL," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, he^mesEn g'lgaega^ye qaso
k' !eslax helq !alalaxEn ma^lPlEmnokwos, " ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm-
^lawise nanax^ma^ye gEUEmase K' !amaxalase : "Wa, esael lex'aEm
ts!Ex'ilalax laxEn naqa^ye, qaso gEg'adEX'salaxo, yixs lex'a^mae hel^a-
LElalax laxEn naqa^ye, qaso gEg'adEX'^Idlaxsox kMedelaxs YaqoLE- 45
lasEma^ye laxox Alak'ilayugwax, qaxs k'!ek'!Es^ots!a^x"da ^nE^me-
motasxa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wegaq," ^nex'^lae. Wa, liex'^idaEm^la-
wise ex'^ide n&qa^yas Yaqostode. Wa, laEm^lae et!ede ^yalaqases
ts!a^ya, yix YayaqoL!alase, qa las Le^lalaxes ^nE^memotaxa SeuLlEme.
Wa, hex'4daEm^lawise la Le^lala. Wa, k'!es^lat!a giilaxs g'axaa^l 50
^wi^laeLa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lilwise nelases ma^leneLaxes gEgEUEme,
yixs ^nek'ae qa^s gEg'ades Alak'ilayugwa, yix k'!edelas YaqoLElasE-
ma^ye, ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^nek'eda ^naxwa ^uE^me-
motsexa SenLlEme: "QaLasg'igama^yaex, weg'a aEmx," ^nex'so^lae.
Wa, la^lae hex'^idaEm la qadzcLaq. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwala qadze- 55
Laxs laa^l Lax^ullleda g'lgama^ye YaqoLElasEma^ye, qa^s Lel^wult!all
lexes k' !edele Alak'ilayugwa LE-'wis q!ak'owe ts!Edaqa. Wa, g'ax-
da^x"^lae ^waxsanodzEllle Alak'ilayugwaxes ompe LE^wis q!ak'owe.
982 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. anx.35
slaves walking on each side. Then they put down twenty-five
|
60 blankets in front of them; and then YaqoLElasEme^ (V
|| 10) spoke,
and said, "Let yoiirnumaym come, son-in-law, to take your wife,
I |
and let your wife go with her slaves to work under yoiu- wife; and
|
this is her marriage mat, these twenty-five blankets." Thus he
|
65 said. "O son-in-law! the name of my grandfather (IV G) will go
||
to you, and yoiu- name shall be Kwax'ilanokimie^ (VI 2), and the|
name of your dancer will be Aomol. That is the name of my mother
(TV 6) ; and when you wish to give a winter dance, your dancer willj
be a cannibal-dancer, and his name will be AmyaxElaso^, and (your
|
dancer will be a) war-dancer, and her name will be Amyaxed."
|
70 Thus he said. As soon as he stopped speaking, the numaym
||
SenLlEm arose, took twenty-five blankets and went out of the
|
. house; and Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8) was walking among them with|
her slaves.
|
I forgot the other marriage gift for the name of Le^lenox" (VII
| 1).
Her name was to be ^maxulayugwa.
||
75 Now they walked together, and they took her to the house of
Yaqostod (VI 2) his wife and her slaves. Immediately Yaqostod|
(VI 2) sent out his speakers to stand up outside of his house and
I |
to invite the fom* numayms—the Maamtag'ila, G'exsEm, Kukwa-
|
80 klum, and the Laalax"sEndayo,—on account of his | daughter ^ma-
Wa, g'ax^lae k'laxalelEma sak'Iagala plElxElasgEma lax Llasalllas.
60 Wa, heEm^liiwis la yaq!Eg'a^lats YaqoLElasEma^ye. Wa, hViae
^nek'a: "Wii, gelag"ax'os ^ne^memotaqos, nEgump, ax'edg'as gEUEm-
g'os, qa lalag'IsEk' laxes g'okwaos. LaEmlga q!akog\vas, qa helo-
balts!anes6s gEnEmqlos. Wa, ga^mes le^waxseg'eg'ada sEk' lagalak"
p!ElxElasgEma," ^nex'^lae, "Wa, nEgump, laEnv'laLa LegEmasEn
65 gagEmpe loL. Wa, laEms LegadElts Kwaxilanokuma-ye. Wii, iJiLc
LegadLes senatLaosas Aomole, yix LegEmasEn ftbEmpe. Wa, qaso
^nex"lax qa^s ts!ets!eqaos, wa, laLe hamatsIaLes senatLaos. Wa,
he^mis LegEmltse AmyaxElasE^we. Wa, he^misa tox^wide. Wa, laLe
Legadslts Amyaxede," ^nex'^lae. Wa, gipEm^lawise qlwel'idExs
70 laa^l ^wFla qlwag'Ilile ^nE^memotasa ScLlEma qa^s lii ax^edxa sE-
k" !agala p lElxElasgEma qa^s gaxe hoqiiwElsa qilqElax Alakilayugwa
LE^wis qiak'owe.
HexoLEn LlElewesE^weda ^nEmsgEme LcgEmg'ElxLa^ya qa LegEms
Le^lenoxwe. Wa, laEnv'lae LegadElts ^'maxiilayugwa.
75 Wa, la^lae q!ap!emalaxs laa^l taodaeLas lax g'okwas Yaqostode,
ylx gEnEmas LE^wa q!ak'owe. W^a, hex'^idaEm^lawise YaqostSde
^yalaqases a^yllkwe, qa las Lax^iils lax L!asana^yasa gokwe qa^s
Le^lalexa mosgEmak'.use ^nal^uE^memasa, yixa Maamtag'ila LE^wa
GcxsEme LE^wa Kukwaklume LE^wa Laalax's-Endayowe qaes
80 xunokwe ^maxulayugwa. Wii, hex^^idaEm^liiwise lax'da^x" hoqflwEl-
;
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 983
xiilayugwa. Immediately the four speakers went out, and they 81
|
stood outside of the house of the chief Kwaxilanokume^ (VI
| 2)
for now he was no longer named Yaqostod (VI 2) ; and one of the|
speakers invited them in. He said, "Now, Maamtag'ila, G"exsEm,!|
|
Kukwak'.mn, and Laalax^s^Endayo, come to see the dance of 85
^maxulayugwa (VII 1) the child of Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2)," for| he
was no longer named Yaqostod (VI 2). And after the messenger
|
had called, another one of the speakers said, "Be quick!"
| and when
he stopped speaking, they came into the house of Chief Kwax'lla-
|
nokume^ (VI 2) and cleared it out. After they|| had cleared it out 90
the foiu" numayms came in. When they were all in, Kwaxilano-
\
I
kume^ (VI 2) arose, and told where the twenty-five| blankets came
from, that they came from YaqoLElasEme^
[ (V 10). Thus he said;
and he told them about his princess Laleli^lak"' (VII 1), that she 95||
had changed her name, and that her name was ^maxulayugwa
(VII 1). Then he stopped speaking, and he gave away the
I
twenty-five blankets, and the
| guests went out. It was not
long before the second wife of
| Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2)
|
Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8), gave bu-th to a gii-1; and immedi-
ately YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) invited his niunaym
II the Yae- 700
x'agEme^ to come into his
| house. Wlien they wei-e all in,
the chief YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) arose and spoke. He told his
I |
seda mokwe a^ytlkwa, qa^s la^ qlwag'aEls lax Llasanft^yas g'okwases 81
gigama^ye Kwax'ilanokuma^ye, qaxs lE^mae gwai LegadEs Yaqo-
stode. Wa, la^lae LelElak" !alaxa ^nEmokwe laxa a^yllkwe. Wa,
liVlae ^nek-a: "LaEms x-itsIaxilaLai', Maamtag-ilai', G'exsEmai',
Kukwak'.umai', Laalax's^Endayowai' lax -maxulayugwai' xunokwas 85
Kwax llanokumaye," qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Yhqostode. Wa,
g-il=Em^lawise q!wel-'ededa LelElgise, laa^lase ^nek'eda ^nEmokwe
Elkwa: "HalaxsLEsai'," ^nex'^lae. Wa, giPEm^lawise q!wel^IdExs
g-axaa^l hogwiLa lax g-okwases gigama^ye Kwax'ilanokuma^ye,
qa^s ex^'wideq. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise gwal ekwaqexs gTixaa^lase ho- 90
gwiLeda mosgEmak !iise -nal^nE^memasa. Wa, g'lPEm^lawise ^wl-
^laeLExs lae Lax^ullle Kwaxilanokuma^ya, qa^s neles g^aya^nakiila-
sasa p !ElxElasgEmaxs sEk'Iagalae, yixs hae g-aya^nakulae, lax
YaqoLElasEma-ye, ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae nelaxaases kMedele L!aleli-
^lakwaxs' lE-mae L!ayoxLa yixs lE^mae LegadEs ^maxulayugwa. 95
Wa, giPEm^lawise q!wePedExs laa^l yax^wida, ytsa sekMagala
plElxElasgEmxs laa^ hoqiiwElseda LelE^lakwe. Wa, kMes^latla
^ahixs laa^l mayul^ide a^llle gEnEms Kwaxilanokuraa'ye, ylx
Alakilayugwa yisa ts!ats!adagEme. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Ya-
qoLElasEma^ye la Le^alaxes ^nE^memotaxa YaexagEma^ye qa las 700
swFlaeLEla lax g'okwas. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^wFlagLExs laa^laeda
g-igama^ye YaqoLElasEma^ye Lax^ulJla, qa^s yaqlEg'a^le: "Wa,
'Named Le^lenoxi' on p. 980. line 29.
984 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITTL Ietii. anx. 35
numayin the Yaex'agEme^ that he wouhl give as a marriage gift
|
5 thirty-five blankets to his son-in-law Kwax'Jlanokurae^ (VI
|| 2), and
also the house and his other seat; that is, the seat of his deceased
|
younger brother, L'.aL'.ElanEm (V 11); "and also a name for my|
granddaughter who was born by my princess Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8).
|
Her name shall be the name of my dead sister ^nEmnasiilayugwa
(V 12). Now, her name will be ^uEmnasalayugwa (VII 2). Now,||
I
10 my numajan Yaex"agEme^, let us see the child borne by Alak'ila-
|
yugwa." Thus he said, and they put the thirty-five blankets on
|
the shoulders of young men, and they went out of the house, and
|
they went into the house of his son-in-law Kwax'llanokume^ (VI
| 2).
15 They sat down inside of the door of the house, and Chief YiiqoLE-
|| ]
lasEme^ (V 10) arose and spoke. He said, "Sit up, son-in-law, and1
listen to me, what brought here me and my nvunaym, the Yaex"a-
|
gEme^. We came to see our granddaughter. Now I give you as a
|
20 marriage gift these thiity-five blankets to wipe off the blood of my
||
granddaughter; and this name of my deceased sister (V 12) ^iiEm-
|
nasalayugwa shall be hers. Her name shall be ^nEinnasalaj'ugwa
|
(VII 2). Now, son-in-law, j'ou will be the owner of my house, and|
you shall own the seat of my deceased younger brother lIelIeIS,-
|
nEm (V 11). There are three seats ahead of him below the eagle;"
||
3 laEm^lae nelaxes ^nE^memotaxa Yaex'agEma^yaxs wawalciiillLasa
mam5x"sokiilasa sEkMa plElxElasgEm laxes nEgiimpe Kwax'Ila-
5 nokunia~ye: wa, he-mises g'okwe LE^wis LUxwa^ye -'uEnia, yi'lax
Laxwa^yases tsla^yolae LlaLlslauEme. "Wa, he^misa LegEme qa
LegEmsEn ts!ox"LEmagasa yix miij'OLEmasEn k'ledelae Alak'ilayu-
gwa. Wa, la^mese LegadElts LegEmasEu wuc{!wolae ^uEmnasalaj'u-
gola. Wii, la^mese Legadslts ^nEmnasalayiigwa," ^nex'^lae. "Wa,
10 weg'axins fuE^memot Yaex'agEme^, qEns lit dox^widEx mayoLE-
mas Alakilayugwji," ^nex'^laexs lae k"!Exsayap!Endrdasa sEkMiis
mamox"sokulayo p!ElxElasgEma laxa ha^yaPa. Wii, g'iPEm^awise
^wFlaxs g'axae hoqiiwEls liix g'okwas, qa^s lii hogwiL lax g'okwa-
ses nEgiimpe Kwax'Ilanokuma^ye, qa^s lii kliis^iilll lax iiwiLElasa
1.5 tlExiliisa g'okwe.' Wii, xamax'^ida^mesa g'lgama^ye YiiqoLElasE-
ma^ye Lax^ulil, qa^s yaq!Eg'a^le. Wit, lii 'nek' a: "KwagEmlilla ue-
gump, qa^s h5Lela5sag'in g'tixenek" Lo^giin ^UE^memotEk', yixg'a
Yaex'agEmek'. GiixEnu^x" doqwaxEnu^x" ts!6x"LEmagasax. La-
^mesEn wiiwalqiilasg'ada sEk'Iag'as mamox"s5kulayu pIeIxe-
20 lasgEma, qa^s deg'idanosaxox Elx^una^yaxsEn ts!6x"LEmagasax.
Wii, g'a^mese g'ada LegEmg'asEn wiiq!woIae '^nEnmasalayugola.
La^meso LegadElts ^uEmnasalayugwa. Wa, la^mets liiLOL uEgump
g'ogwadEltsEu g'ox"de. Wii, la^mets lal Laxwe^nox"LEs Litxwa-
^yasEn tsa^yolae LlaLlElanEmola, ylxs yayiidukwalg'iwalae laxa
1 From here on the history is personally known to the narrator; hence the quotative—^la—is omitted.
liOAsJ FAMILY HISTORIES 985
thus he said, for now YaqoLEhasEme^ (V 10) tried to rival A^wa- 25|
lask-inls (V 9). Therefore he did so, for YaqoLElasEme^ (V| 10)
knew what Kwax'ihxnokume^ (VI 2) had said to his wife KMilmaxa-|
Las (VI 7) wlien he first wished to marry Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8) and
when she was told that K- lamaxalas (VI 7) would be the l)ead
|
wife, and that|| Alak-ilayugwa (VI 8) would be the second wife, at 30
the time when Kwax'ilanokume^ (VI 2) spoke to K-IiimaxaUxs1
(VI 7), therefore YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) had resolved that his |
princess Alak'ilayugwa (VI 8) should be head wife. Therefore he
did this. Then Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) thanked YiiqoLElasEme^
I
(V 10) for what he had said, and then Kwax-ilanokume^ (VI| 2)
invited his father-in-law to go to the rear of the house; and now 35||
Kwax-ilanokume«^ (VI 2) wished YiiqoLElasEme^ (V 10) to speak(
for him when he was going to give away property to the nmnaym|
Yaex'agEme^ of YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10)^ Then he promised to
|
give away thirty-five blankets to the GwetEla. ^walas Kwag'ul,|
Qiomk'lut'.Es, on behalf of ^UEmnasalayugwa (VII 2), the child of
||
YiiqoLElas (VI 2) for now Kwaxilanokume^ (VI 2) received a| 40
name from his new nuniaym the Yaex'agEme^. Now he had two|
seats, for he still stayed on the side of the numaym, SenLJEm, and|
he also had a seat with the numaym Yaex"agEme^ of the Q'.omo-
ya^ye. As soon as he stopped speakmg, the speakers of YaqoLEla-
kwekwe," ^nex'^lae, qaxs lE^mae doqwalaple Y^'aqoLElasEma^ye lo^ 25
A^walaskinise. He^mis lagilas he gwex'^'ide, qaxs q !alamae Yaqo-
LElasEma^yax waldEmas Kwaxilan5kuma^yaxes gEUEme K' liima-
xalase, ylxs g'alae ^nex' qa^s gEg'ades Alak'ilayugwa, ylxs lae
^neka: "SoEm gEk'amaliLEs K- !aniaxalas. Wa, laLe gEUEmqlala-
EmLe Alak'ilayugwa," ylxs lae ^nek'e Kwaxilanokuma^yax KMa-30
maxalase. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas &la tslasale YaqoLElasEma^ye, qa
lies gEkamallles kMedele Alak-ilayugwa, lagilas he gwex'^ide. Wa,
lit mo^le Kwaxilanokuma^yas waldEmas YaqoLElasEma^yaq. Wii,
la Kwax'llanokuma^ye Le^lalaxes nEgumpe, qa las laxa ogwiwali,
lases g-okwe. Wa, la^me ^nek"e Kwaxilanokuma^ye qa^s helaxsta- 35
lex YaqoLElasEma^ye, qaxs lE^mae g'ayoqaLe Kwax'ilanokuma^ye
laxa ^nE^memotas YaqoLElasEma^yaxa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wa, la^me
dzoxwasa sEk' !as maraox"s6kiilayo laxa GwetEla LE^wa ^walase
Kwag'ula LE^wa Q!6mk"!ut!Ese qa -nEmnasalayugwax xunokwas
YaqoLElase, qaxs la'me LegEmg'ElxLala qa LegEms Kwaxilano- 40
kuma^ye laxa ale ^nE^memotsexa Yaex'agEma^ye. Wa, la^me ma-
loxsala, qaxs hex'sa^mae las apsotlEna^yaseda ^iiEmemiisa SbulIe-
me. Wa, la Lagexa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEma^yasa Qlomoya^ye.
Wa, g'iPmese qlwel^edExs lae hoquwElse a^yilkwas YaqoLElasE-
' He belonged to this numaym now.
986 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.36
45 sEme^ went out cand stood outside
|| of the house of YiiqoLElasEme^,
|
and they called the GwetEla, ^walas Kwag-ui, and Q!onik'!ut!Es on
behalf of ^nEmnasaiayugwa (YII 2), the daughter of YaqoLElas|
(VI 2). Then they went back mto the house of YaqoLElas (VI
| 2),
and cleared it out; and after they had cleared it out, they invited
|
50 the numaym of the Yaex'agEme to the house of YaqoLElas
|| (VI 2)
[to go into the house of YiiqoLElas] for that had been the house of
|
YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10). Then YaqoLElas (VI 2) walked among his
new numaym towards his house; and when they were inside, the
| |
GwetEla came in and sat on the right-hand side of the house.
|
55 Then came the ^walas Kwag'ul and sat down on the upper left-
||
hand side of the house. Then came the Q!6mk'!ut!Es and sat
|
down near the door on the left-liand side. Then YaqoLElasEmes
|
(V 10) spoke to his son-m-law YaqoLElas (VI 2), and gave away|
the thirty-five blankets; and after he had done so, they all went
|
60 out. Immediately A^walask'inis (V 9) took away his princessII
KMamaxalas (VI 7), the wife of YaqoLElas (VI 2) because he couldj
not do what had been done by YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) for his son-|
in-law. (I forgot that the slaves went| with their mistress Alak'i-
layugwa [VI 8]). Now YaqoLElas (VI 2) had only one wife, the|
65 princess of YiiqoLElasEme^ (V 10), Alakulayugwa (VI|| 8). Now
YaqoLElas (VI 2) became proud and always beat his wife,| and
45 ma^ye, qa^s la qlwag'aElse lax L'.asana^yas g'okwas YaqoLElasE-
ma^ye, qa^s LeiElaxa GwetEla, ^walas Kwag'ul, QomklutlEse qa
^uEmnasalayugwa xiinokwas YaqoLElase, ^nek^Exs lae liogwiLa lax
g'okwe las YaqoLElase, qa^s ex^wide. Wa, g'il^mese gwat ekwa-
qexs lae Le'lalaxa ^uE^memotasa Yaex'agEma^ye lax gokwas Ya-
50 qoLElase, cja g'axlagis lax g'okwas YaqoLElase, ylx g'ox"das Ya-
qoLElasEma^ye. Wa, g'ax^me qagaye YaqoLElasaxes ale ^ne^me-
motaxs lae gwE^yolEla laxes g'okwas. Wa, giPmese ^wFla hogwl-
LExs g'axae hogwiLeda GwetEla, qa^s la k!us^'alil laxa helk'Iodo-
yalilasa g'okwe. Wa, g'axeda ^walase Kwag'ula, qa^s la klus^alil
55 laxa ^uElk' lodoyolllasa gEmxanegwilasa gokwe. Wa, g'fixeda
Q!onik'!ut!Ese, qa^s la kltis^'alll lax maxstalilasa gEmxotsalilasa
tlEX'Ila. Wa, la^me nele YaqoLElasEma^yases waldEmaxes nE-
giimpe YiiqoLElase. Wit, lii yax'wida, yisa ssk' !as mamox"sokula-
^ye plElxElasgEma. Wii, gih'mese gwalExs lae hoquwElsa. Wii,
GO hex^^ida^mese A^walask'inise wataxodxes k' ledele K' lamaxalase, yix
gEUEmx'das YiiqoLElase. Wii, la^me k"!eas gwex'^Jdaas laLEx gwe-
x-^idaasas YiiqoLElasEma^ye hixes uEgiimpe. (HexoLEu LlElewesE-
^weda qlak'o, yixs lE^mae lasgEmexes qlagwide Alakilayugwa.)
Wii, la^me ^nEmox"^Em la gEUEms YiiqoLElase k" !edelas YiiqoLElasE-
65 ma^ye Alak'ilayugwa. Wii, laEm LErax^ede n^qa^yas YiiqoLElase,
qaxs hemEnala^mae la k' lelak'axes gEnEme. Wa, he^mis lag-ilas
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 987
therefore YaqoLElasEme^ (V 10) took away his iirincess Ahxk'i- 67
|
layugwa (VI 8); and although Alak-ilayugwa (VI 8) was no longer|
his wife, YaqoLElas (VI 2) still owned the house] and the seat, for they
had ^uEmnasalayugwa (VII 2) for their child. YaqoLElas (VI 2) was 70||
not very long without a wife . Then he asked in marriage the princess
|
of Ewanux"dze (V 13), chief of the nnmayni Laalax-s^Endayo.|
The name of the princess of Ewanux"dze (V 13), was Q!ex'Lala
(VI 9) and YaqoLElas (VI 2) called his numaym the SenL'.Em into; I
his house and told them that he wished to marry again. They just
|
told him to go ahead and to do quickly as he wanted. Then 75|| |
he told them that he referred to the princess of Ewanux"dze (V 13)
|
Qlexxala (VI 9), whom he wanted to marry. Thus he said when
he was speaking. One of his speakers replied, and said, "Go on,
|
and do so quickly, and let us pay the marriage money to-day."
I
Thus he said. Immediately YilqoLElas (VI 2) took fifty blankets 80
||
out of his room to give as marriage payment. After he had taken
|
them out, the numaym SenLlEm went, carrying the blankets on
|
their shoulders, and went into the house of Ewanux"dze (V 13).
|
They sat down inside of the door of the house of Chief Ewanux"dze
|
(V 13), and at once they paid the marriage money, the | fifty 85
blankets. After they had done so, the speaker of Chief Ewanux"dze
|
(V 13) arose and spoke. He said, "Remain sitting there. Sen-|
YaqoLElasEma^yewataxodxeskMedeleytxAlak'ilayugwa. Wa, wax"- 67
^mise la k' !es gEg'adEses gEUEme Alakilayugwa, la hEtsiiEmxa gokwe
Le^wa Laxwa^ye YaqoLElase, qaxs lE^'mae xungwadEs ^uEmnasala-
yugwa. Wa, k'!est!a gala k'leas gEUEme YaqoLElase lae g'ayox- 70
^wldEx k- '.edelas Ewamix"dze, ylx gigama^yasa ^uE^memotasa Laii-
lax's^Eudayowe Q!ex'Lalax"La, ylx LegEinas kledelas Ewanux"dze.
Wa, la Lelts!6de YaqoLElasaxes ^uE^memota SeuLlEme, qa^s nelexs
lE-mae ^nex' qa^s gEg'ade et!eda. Wa, a^mise ^naxwa waxaso^ses
£nE^memote, qa alag'a^mes hall^lala lax gwalaasases naqa^ye. Wa, 75
he^mis la ^negatsexs hiie gwE^y5s, qa^s gEUEme k'ledelas Ewa-
nux"dze^ye Q!ex"Lala, ^nek'Exs lae yaq!Ent!ala. Wa, hex'^ida^mese
yaqlEg'a^leda ^UEmokwe lax a^yilkwas. Wii, lii^nek'a: "Weg'a asm
hali^lalax, qEns weg'i qadzel^idxwa ^nalax," ^nek'e. Wa, hex'^ida-
^mese YaqoLElase ax^wult lalilaxa sEk'!axsokwep!ElxElasgEma, qa^s 80
qadzeLEma. Wa, giPmese ^wi^'lolt lalilExs lae ^wi-lamaleda ^uE-'me-
motasa SenLJEme k' !ek' lExsEyap lalaxa p lElxElasgEme, qa^s la ho-
gwiL lax g'okwas Ewanux"dze, qa^s lii klus^alll hlx awlLEliis t'.Ex'ilas
g'okwasa gigama-ye Ewanux"dze. Wa, hex'^ida^mese qadzeLasa
sEk" laxsokwe plElxElasgEma. Wa, giPmese gwalExs lae Lax^iillle 85
Elkwiisa g'Jgama^ye Ewanux"dze qa^s yaqlEga^le. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"Wega k!wak!walax SeiiLlEm, qa^s esElaosaxgas gEUEmgaos, qaxs
988 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
88 lIeiii, and wait for your wife. She is getting ready witli her mar-|
riage mat, so that she may not sit on the floor without a mat in
|
your house, son-in-law." Thus he said, and went back into the
90 room where Ewanux"dze's (V 13) princess, Q!ex'Lala (VI|| 9) was
seated. He did not stay long, then he came back and stood
| up.
He spoke again, and said, "Now, come, great numaym SeniJEm, and
|
carry the princess of my chief Ewanux"dze (V
| 13) away, for she
is heavy." Thus he said, and went back. Then the numaym
|
95 SenL!Em arose and followed him into the room; and soon they||
came back carrying on their shoulders one hundred blankets and
] |
among them walked Qlexxala (VI 9), the princess of Ewanux"dze|
(V 13), among tlie SeuLlEm as the}^ were coming "out of the
room. When they reached the door of the house, Ewaniu\"dze
|
800 (V 13) stood up and spoke. He said, " Wait a while, great num-||
aym SenLlEm, for the name that will go to my son-in-law
]
YaqoLElas (VI 2). His name will be GwE^yimdze (VI and
| 2),
the name of his dancer will be MElned, and these hundred
|
blankets are the marriage mat of your wife. Now, son-in-law, go
|
5 to your house!" Then he stopped speaking, and immediately||
those who had paid the marriage money went out, among them
|
Qlex'Lala (VI 9) and they went into the house of YaqoLElas
(VI 2). YiiqoLElas (VI 2) told his speakers to clear out his|
I
house; and after they had cleared it, they went out and stood|
88 la^mek' xwanalElaxg'as le^waxscLEk", aLak' wtiltallL klwastaliL laxes
g'okwaos, nEgump," ^nek'Exs lae layakilll lax k!wats!alilasas k!ede-
90 las Ewanux"dze Qlexxala. Wa, k'!est!e galaxs g'axae aedaaqa, qa^s
Lax^ulile, qa^s edzaqwe yaq!Eg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Gelaga, ^walas
*nE^mem, SeuLlEm, qa^s lalag'aos q!El-wults!alIlax k'ledelasEn g'l-
gama^yox Ewanux"dzex, qaxs gwfiguntseliLaqos laqg'a," ^nek'Exs
lae edzakillla. Wii, la^me ^wFla q!wagilile ^uE-memotasa SculIe-
95 me, qa^s la lasgEmeq laxa ots !allle. Wa, k" lest !a galaxs g'axae ^wi^la
k'!ek"!exsEyap!alaxa p lElxElasgEme, lak'lEndeda p IslxElasgEme
he^yagowa. Wa, g^ax^me qagaye Q!ex'Lalac{ ylx k'edelas Ewanux"-
dzaxa SenLlEmaxs g'axae hox^wultslalila. Wa, g'il^mese lag'aa
laxa ostalilasa g"6kwaxs lae Ewanux"dze Lax^ulila. qa^s yaq!Eg'a^le,
800 1*^^s ^nek'e: "Weg'aEmsL LaLoxbalax ^walas ^uE^mem, yuL Sen-
LlEm, qa la^mesg'ada LegEmk', qa^s LegEmos, uEgump YiiqoLElas.
LaEms LegadElts GwE^yimdze. Wa, he^mis LegEmltses senatLaose
MElnede. Wa, yu^misa lak'lEndex plElxElasgEma ie^waxsesos gE-
nEmaqos. Wa, hag-a, nEgump, laxes g'okwaos." Wa, laEm q!we-
5 Hd yaqlEntlala laxeq. Wa, hex'^ida^mese gax hoqiiwElseda qa-
dzeLax'de qaqElax Q!ex"Lala, qa^s lii hogwiL lax g'okwas YaqoLE-
lase. Wa, hex'^ida^mese YaqoLElas axk' !alaxes a-yilkwe, qa ex^wi-
desexa g'okwe. Wa, g'll^mese gwal ekwaqexs lae hoquwEls laxa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 989
up outside of the house and called the Q lomoj'sV}'^?, ^walas 10
||
Kwag-iil, Q!omk-!ut!Es, on behalf of MElned (VII 1), the child|
of GwE^yimdze (VI 2). After they had said so, they went in,
and it was not long before the three Kwag'ul tribes came in.
|
Then Chief GwE^yimdze (VI 2) arose and spoke. He said,|
|
"You have heard my new name. I obtained this in marriage
from my father-in-law Ewanux"dze (V
|| 13), who gave me the 15
name GwE^yimdze (VI 2). Now you shall name me GwE^yimdze, '\
and you shall name my princess ^maxulayugwa MElned (VII 1) ."
|
Then he stopped speaking, and he gave away the hundred blan-
|
kets; and first he gave to the Q!6moya^ye, and then to the ^walas
|
Kwag'ul, and finally he gave blankets to the Q!omk"!ut!£s.
II j 20
Wlien he had given away all, then they went out of the house
of GwE^yimdze (VI 2). GwE^ylmdze and his wife Q!ex"Lala
I
(VI 9) had not been living together for a long time when they
|
had a son. He was named Tsaxis because he was born
| there.
||
Foiu- days after he had been born, when the navel-string came 25
off, Ewanux"dze (VII 3) gave four boxes of oil and ten| basketsI
of clover-roots to his son-in-law GwEyimdze (VI 2) as a marriage
present, and also the name Wawalk'ine (VII 3) foi the| new-born
child of his princess Qlexxala (VI 9). Then Chief GwE^yimdze
|
g'okwe qa^s la qlwag'aEls lax LlasansVyasa g'okwe, qa^s Lelfilexa
Qlomoya^ye, ^walase Kwag-ul, Q !6mk' !ut !Ese qa MElnede xuno- 10
kwas GwE^yJmdze, ^nekExs g"axae hogwiLa. Wa, k'lestla galaxs
g'axae ^wFlaeLeda yudux"sEmakwe Kwakug'ula. Wa, hex'^ida^mese
Lax^ulileda g'lgama^ye GwE^ylmdze, qa^s yaqlEga^le. Wii, lii ^nek'a:
"LaEms wflLEiaxEn ale Legsma, ylx LegEmg-ElxLa^yasEn nEgiimpe
Ewanux^dze g'axEne GwE^yimdze. Wa, la^mets LeqElaLEs Gwe- 15
^yimdze g-axEii. Wa, la^mets LeqElaLEs MElnede laxEn kMedele
^maxulayugwa," ^nek'Exs lae qlwel^eda. Wa, la yax^wlda, yisa
laklEude p lElxElasgEma, ylxs hae gil yax^wItsE^weda Qlomoya-
^yasa p!ElxElasgEm. Wa, la makilaso^sa ^walase Kwagula yax^wi-
tso^sa p lElxElasgEme. Wa, la alslxsda^ya Q lomk" !ut lEse yax^witso^sa 20
p!ElxElasgEme. Wii, giPmese ^wllxtoxs lae hoquwElsa lax g'okwas
GwE^'yimdze. Wa, k!est!a gala hayasEkale GwE^ylmdze LE^wis
gEUEme Q!ex-Lalaxs lae xungwad^:x'^Itsa babagume. Wa, la^me
hex"^idaEm LegadEs Tsaxise, qaxs hae mayoLEme. Wa, hetia la
moplEnxwa-'s mayoLaagEmxs lae lawayes tslEyoxLa^ye laase 25
Ewanux"dze wawalqalasa mosgEme dedEiigwatsle Lle^na LE^wa
UEqasgEme L!aL!Ebat tiEgwatsIe laxes uEgiimpe GwE^yimdze; wa,
he^misa EegEme Wawalk'ina^ye qa LegEmsa ale mayoLEmsk- ledelase
Qlex-Lalaxa babagume. Wa, hex'^da^mesa g-Igama^ye GwE^ylmdze
990 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ktii. ann. 35
30 (VI 2) sent his speakers to go into all the houses and invite onII
behalf of Wawalk-me (VII 3), the son of GwE^yimdze (VI| 2).
"Thus you will say," said GwE^yimdze (VI 2) to his speakers.|
At once they went out of the house and stood in
| the doorways
of all the houses, inviting all the men of the Q'.omoya^ye,
| ^walas
35 Kwag"ul, and Q!omk!ut!Es; and this is what the speakers
|| said
as they entered the doors of the houses of the QlomoycVye:
j "I
invite you, Q!omoya^ye, on behalf of Wawalk'ine (VII
j 3), the
child of GwE^yimdze (VI 2.)" And when they stopped speaking,
|
the others said, "Let us go quickly. "The fire is now burning
|
low." Thus said another one. And when they had been to all the||
40 houses of the Q!omoya^ye, they went to the houses of the ^walas
Kwag'ul, and said, "Now I call j'ou, ^walas Kwag'ul, on behalf
I
of Wawalk-ine (VII 3), the child of GwE^yimdze (VI 2)!" and
I
they said as they had done before. Thus they went into all
I |
the houses of the ^walas Kwag"ul; and then they went into the
45 houses of the Q!6mk"!ut!Es, and they said again, "Now|| I
call you, Q!omk-!ut!Es, on behaK of Wawalk-ine (VII 3), the|
child of GwE^yimdze (VI 2)." Thus they went into all the
|
houses, and then they went back into the future feast house.
|
When the guests came, the Q'.omoya^ye sat down in the rear of|
50 the house, and the ^walas Kwag"ul sat down at the right-hand||
30 ^yalaqases S,^yilkwe, qa las laLlESEla laxa g'Skflla qa las Le^lala qa
Wawalk'ina^ye xunokwasGwE^ylmdze. "^nex"LEs," ^nek'eGwE^yim-
dzjixes a^yilkwe. Wii, hex'^ida^mese la hoqiiwEls laxa gokwe, qa^s
la LaLax"stolts!ax t!et!EX"tlasa ^naxwa gug'okwa Le^lillaxa ^naxwa
bebEgwanEmsa Qlomoya^ye LE^wa ^walase Kwaguia, LE^wa Q!om-
35 k" !ut!Ese. Wit, g'aEni waldErasa a^^alkwega, ylxs lae laeLlax t!Exi-
lasa g-okwasa Qlomoya^ye: "La^mEn Le^laloLai', Q!6moya^yai' qa
Wawalkinayai' xiin5kwas GwE^yimdzeyai'." W—a, g'U^mese q!we-
I'ldExs lae ^nek'eda^uEmokwe: "Halag'iliLEsai'." "LaEm q!ulx"^id-
nux" lEgwitai'" ^nek'eda ^uEmokwe. Wii, giPmese ^wllxtolsaxa
40 g'igokwasa Q !omoyfi,^yaxs lae lax gokQlasasa ^walase Kwag'ula.
Wii, laxae ^nek'a: "La^niEU Le^aloLai', ^walas Kwag'ulai' qa Wa-
walkinayai' xunokwas GwE^ylmdzeyai'." Wii, aEmxailwise na-
qEmgilt^ya ^nEmokwaxes gilx'de wtddEma. Wii, g il^mese ^wilxtol-
saxa g'ig'okwasa ^wiilase Kwiig'ulaxs lae liix g'ig'okwasa Q!6mkMu-
45 t!Ese. Wii, laxae ^neka: "La^mEn Le^laloLai', Q!omk'!ut!Esai' qa
Wawalkinayai' xunokwas GwE^ylmdzeyai'," ^nek'e. Wii, gll^mese
^wilxtolsaxa g'igokwe lae aedaaqa, qa^s liilaeL liixa k!wela^yats!eLe
gokwa. Wii, g'ax hogwiLEleda Le^liinEme. Wii, laEm la klus^ali-
leda Qlomoya^ye lax ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. Wii, la klus^alileda
50 ^walase Kwagul liix hek' !5tsegwllasa k!weladzats!e g'okwa. Wii,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 991
side of the feasting-house, and the Ql6mk"!ut!Es on the left-hand 51
|
side of the feastiug-hoiise. They sat down there because they
|
had been invited for a feast. When all were in, the numajon
|
Laalax"s^Endayo came in and sat down at the right-hand side of
|
the door. Then Ewanux"dze (V 13) arose and spoke. He said. 55
||
"Look this way, son-in-law GwE^yimdze (VI 2), and listen to me!|
Send out your numaym to get the four house-dishes of my
|
house, so that my guests may eat out of them! They are the
|
killer-whale, whale, seal, and double-headed serpent." Thus he
|
said as he sat down. Immediately GwE^ylmdze (VI|| 2) arose and 60
thanked his father-in-law for what he had said. Then he| turned
his face to his numaym, the SenL!Em, and said, "O numajrm
|
SenLlEm, take the four house-dishes and bring them! Let us try
|
to have them emptied by our guests!" Thus he said. Then the
1
young men of the numaym SenLlEm went out and carried in||
two ladles which are always given with the four house-dishes. 65
It was not long before the young men came back carrying the
I
four house-dishes and the two ladles. They came and
| put them
down inside the door of the feasting-house. Then they
| took the
|
cinquefoil-root baskets and placed them by the side of the house-
dishes. They took the roots out of the baskets and put the 70
II
raw cinquefoil-roots into the house-dishes; and when the house-
I
het!a k!tis^allleda Q!6mk'!ut!Esa lax gEmxtsegwile, ylx heg'ilas 51
k!usfde, qaxs kMwe^lasae Le^lanEmaq. Wa, giPmese ^wFlaeLExs
g-axae hogwlLeda ^uE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayowe. Wa, lit k !us^alll
laxa helk' !otstVyasa t!Ex'ila. Wa, he-mis \& Lax^ulFlats Ewanux"-
dze, qa^s yaq!Eg"a4e. Wa, la ^neka: "GwasgEmalala, uEgilmp 55
GwE^yimdze, qa^s hoLelaos g'axEn. Weg'a ^yalaqaxs ^iiE^memota-
qos, qa lasdx ax^edxa niEwexLa loElqulii laxEn gokwa, qa ha^ma-
ats!esos Le^lanEmaqos. He^meda max^enoxwa LE^wa gwE^yima,
LE^wa megwata, LE^wa sIsEyuLa," ^nek'Exs lae k!wag'alila. Wa,
hex'^ida-mese Lax^ullle GwE^yimdze, qa^s monies waidEmases ue- 60
giimpe. Wa, lii gwegEmx'^Id laxes ^uE^memotaxa SenLlEme. Wa, la
^neka: "Hag-a ^nE-'memot SenL!Em, ax-edxa niEwexLa loidqullla,
qa g'axlag'ises gunx'^itsosEns Le^lanEmex," ^nek'Exs lae hoquwEl-
se ha^yal^asa ^uE^memotasa SenLJEme, qa^s la ax^edEq LE^wa
ma^EXLa tsexLa, yix 'nami^lalotasa IdElqiillle niEwexi-a. Wa, k" !est !a (35
galaxs g'axae aedaaqeda ha^ya-'la dagilqElaxa mEwexLa loElqulila
LE^wa ma^lEXLa tsetsexLa, qa^s gaxe mEx^^lIlas lax awiLEliisa t!Ex'i-
lasa k!wela^yats!e g"6kwa. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ax^etsE^weda t!et!E-
gwats!e L!aL!Ebata, qa^s la heliEnodzElrlEm laxa loElqiilJle. Wa, la
lEx'uits!alayo laxa L!aL!Ebata t!Ex"s6se qa-s la lExts!alaya kMUx'e 79
t!Ex"sos laxa loElqulile. Wa, g'lFmese -'wi^la qoqut!eda loElqfililaxs
—
992 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36
72 dishes were full, they put the double-headed serpent dish in
|
front of the QlomoytVye. Then the speaker of GwE^yundze (VI| 2)
said, "This double-headed serpent dish is for you, Qlomoya^ye!"
and they put the killer-whale dish in front of the ^walas
|
75 Kwag'ul, and the speaker said, "This killer-whale dish is for
||
you, ^walas Kwag"ul!" and they put the seal-dish in front of
|
the Q!6mk'!ut!Es, and the speaker said, "This seal-dish is for
|
you, Q!omk"!ut!Es!" Then they put the whale-dish in front of|
the Maamtag"ila and G'exsEm and Kukwaklum, and the
|
speaker said, "This dish is for you, Maamtag-ila, G'exsEm,
||
80 Kukwaklum! You will eat out of it, you who sit there to help us,
and you, Laalax's^Endayo !" Thus he said. Then he took the large|
ladles and gave one to the other speaker of GwE^yimdze (VI
| 2).
Then he told the guests to begin eating; and he spoke, turning his
|
face towards the numaym SenLlEm, and said, " Now bring out the
|
85 oil, so that I may give the second coiu-se to my guests." Then he
||
took the boxes with oil and put them down in front of the fire.
|
The two speakers dipped the ladles into the oil, and gave one of|
I
them to the chief of the MaSmtag^ila. Then the speaker said,
|
90 "Now, sip this, AwaxElag'llis!" Then the other speaker said
||
to the chief of the G"exsEm, "Now you sip this, Chief YaqEwid!"|
Immediately the chiefs arose, took the ladles, and drank the oil;|
72 lae k-ax^dzamoli^lEmeda sIsEyuLe laxa Qlomoya^ye. Wa, la ^neke^
Elkwas GwE^ytmdze: "Loqulas, Qlomoya^ye sisEyuL." Wa, la
kaxdzamoli^lEuieda max^enoxwe laxa ^walase Kwag'ula. Wa, laxae
75 ^nek'eda Elkwe: " Loqulas ^walas Kwag'ul max^enox"." Wa, la
kax'dzamolilEmeda megwate laxa Q!omk"!ut!Ese. Wa, la ^nekeda
Elkwe: "Loqulas Q!5mk!ut!Ese megwat." Wa, lak'ax'dzamoli^lE-
meda gwE^ylme laxa Maamtagila LE^wa GexsEme LE^wa Kukwa-
k!urae. Wa, la ^nek'eda Elkwe: "Loqulas Maamtag'ila, GexsEm,
SO Kukwaklum, ^wFlastaEniLEsex kiwamelaex lo^s Laalax's^Endayo,"
^nekExs lae ax^edxa ma-lExLa tsexLa, qa^s tslEwesa ^uEmexLa laxa
^UEmox" Elkwas GwE^ylmdze. Wa, lii waxaxa kiwele, qa wag'es
hamx'^ida, ^nek'Exs lae gwegEmx^^id laxes ^nE^memotaxa SenLlEme.
Wa, ^neka: "Weg'a, hanolt lalilaxwa Lle^nax, qEn helegindexEns
85 Le^lanEme," ^nek'Exs lae Ex^etsE^weda dedEngwatsIe Lle^na, qa^s
gaxe mEX-'ali^lEm laxa obexxala^lilasa lEgwIle. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa
ma^l5kwe a^yilk" tse^stasa tsetsexLa laxa tle^na, qa^s la tieqwasa
^nEmexLa lax g'lgama^yasa Ma&mtag-ila. Wa, la ^nekeda Elkwa:
"LaEms xiimtledLai' gTgama^yai' AwaxElagilisai'." Wa, la
90 ^nek"eda ^nEmokwe Elkwa lax g-igama^yasa G'exsEme: "LaEms
XiimtledLai' g-Igfima^yai', YaqEwidai'." Wa, hex'^ida^mesa glgEga-
ma^ye Lax^fllila, qa^s dadalexa tsexLa, qa^s nax^idexa Lle^na, la
—
uuAsI FAMILY HISTORIES 993
and all the head men of the numayms did so,—of the Q!omo-
I
ya^ye and of the numayms of the ^walas Kwag'ul; and after the
| || 95
head men had drunk, they gave to drink to the men of lower rank.
[
When they all had drmik oil, they took with their hands the cinque-
foil-roots out of the house-dishes, carried them in their blankets, and
I
went out. Now this was ended; and the name of the child of
|
GwE^yimdze (VI 2) was Wsxwalk-ine (VII 3) unt il he should be
|
ten months old.
||
When he was ten months old, his fathei-, GwE^ylmdze (VI 2), in- 900
vited all the young men of the Kwag'ul tribes to go into his
|
house; and when they came in,' they singed off the hair of Wa-
|
walk'ine (VII 3) ; and after they had singed it off, they put straps|
around his legs and arms; and when they had done
| so, they put
red ochre on his head and face; and when the paint had been put
|| 5
on, the yoimg men also painted their faces; and when their faces
]
were painted, GwE^yhndze (VI 2) took many handkerchiefs and
|
shirts and gave one to each of the yomig men. When each had
|
I
one, GwE^yhndze (VI 2) spoke, and said, "Now stop calling my 10
||
child Wawaik'ine (Vll 3). You shall call him ALauEm (Wolf)|
(VII 3)." Thus he said to the young men; and after he had done
so, they went out. It was not very long before ALanEm (VII 3)
I
began to walk, for that was his name while he was a j^oung man
|
for ALauEm (VII 3) had the ochre-name when the young men had
|
hex'sa gweg'ilax LeLaxuma^yasa ^nal^uE^memase LE^wa Q!omoy£l^ye 93'
jLE^wa ^nal-'uE^memasasa ^walase Kwag'ula. Wa, g'lPmese ^wllxto-
weda LCLaxuma^yaxs lae tsex'^Idxa bebEgullda^ye. Wa, g'lPmese 95
^wFla la ^nax^Idxa L!e^naxs lae ^wFla aEm lEx^wtiltslalaxa tlEx^sose
laxa loElqulile, qa^s hanqEleqexs lae hoquwElsa. Wa, laEm gwala.
Wa, hxEm Legade xiinokwas GwE^yimdziis Wawalkina^ye lalaal qo
Ird lielogwilaLo.
Wa, g'il^mese helogwilaxs lae ompase GwE^yimdze Le^lalaxa ^naxwa 900
ha^yal^asa Kwakug'ule, qa liis ^wFlaeL hxx g'okwas. Wa, g'iPmese
g'ax ^wFlaeLa lae tslEX'EltsEmtsE^we sE^yas Wawalk'ina^ye. Wii,
g'il^mese gwala tslEx'EltsEma^yaq lae kunx^wit letsE^wa. Wii, g'll-
^mese gwTda kiinxwitaxs lae qobEltsEmtsowe x'omsas, yisa
gumse. Wa, g'iPmese gwala qobEltsEindaq lae ^naxwa^ma ha^yal^a 5
ogwaqa gums^idxes gogiima^ye. Wa, g'il^mese ^wFla la gmnekwa lae
GwE^yimdze ax^edxa q lenEnie laalaxwiwa^ya LEHva q !eq lESEna^ye,
qa^s yax^widesa ^nal^uEme laxa ^naxwa ha^yal'a. Wa, g'll^mese
^wllxt&xs lae yaqlEga^le GwE^yimdze, qa^s ^nek'e: "LaEms gwal
LeqElas Wawalkina^ye laxEn xunokwex, Wa, la^mets LeqElaLEs 10
ALauEme laq";" ^nek'exa ha^yal^ii. Wii, g'lPmese gwalExs lae
hoquwElsa. Wii, k'!est!a alaEm giilax, laEmxEnt qacjayimaxs ylx
ALanEme, qaxs lex'a^mae Legadaatses helaena^ye, yixs giimyadzEx-
Layoe ALanEme, yixs lexagalaeda ha^yal^a yaqwaplasa laalaxwl-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 14
994 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu.ann.3s
15 their own customary small potlatch, in which handkerchiefs, shirts,||
paddles, and mats were given away. This is called by the people
|
of olden times "ochre giving," and they have no names of liigh|
rank for it.—ALanEm was the name which he had obtained from his
father GwE^yimdze (VI 2), because he had not yet given away
|
blankets for a name of high rank for his son AtanEm (VII 3).
Now, Ewanux"dze (V 13) felt sorry on account of his grandson,
I
20 because he had no name of high rank. Therefore Ewanux"dze||
(V 13) uivited his numajon the Laalax"s^Endayo, and told his]
numaym that he would give as a marriage gift to his son-m-law
|
sixty blankets and the name Laleplalas (VII 3) to bo the name of|
ALanEm (VII 3). Then his numaym agreed to what he had said;|
25 and therefore he immediately counted off sixty blankets, and put||
them on the shoulders of the young men of his numaym, who then|
went out of the house and into the house of his son-in-law Gwe-
|
^yimdze (VI 2). They sat down near the door, and Ewanux"dze
|
himself spoke, and said, "Look up, son-m-law, GwE^yimdze
|
30 (VI 2), and listen to what I have to say to you ! I feel sorryII |
for my grandson (VII 3), because he has no name of high rank yet.
Now I will give him this name, and you shall call him Laleplalas,
|
I
and I also give these sixty blankets. Come and take them!" Thus|
35 he said to his son-in-law; and GwE^yimdze (VI 2) at once arose||
15 wa^ye LE-wa q !eq lESEua^ye LF/wa se^wayuwe LE^wa le^wa^ye. HeEin
gwE^yosa gale bEgwauEm gumyase. Wa, la k'leas^Em alaxLiiyo
LegEma, yix LegEmas laxes ompe GwE^ylmdze, qaxs k"!es^mae
plEs^eda, qa^s LeqEle cja LegEmses xunokwe ALanEme. Wa, la
tslExile naqa^yas Ewanu.x"dze qaes ts!ox"LEmaxs k' !easae Alax-
20 Layo LegEma. Wa, lag'ilas Leltslode Ewanux"dzaxes ^uE^memo-
taxaLaalax's^Endayowe. Wii, nelaxes ^nE^memotaxs wawalqiiliLaxes
uEgump ylsa qlELlEx'sokwe plElxElasgEma. Wii, he^'misa LegEme
Laleplalase qa LegEms ALanEme. Wa, a^mise ^naxwa ex'ake ^ue-
^memotasex waldEmas. Ag'il^mas hex'^daEm hos^wultalilaxa q!E-
25 LlExsokwe plElxElasgEma, qa^s k'!ExsEyap!Endales laxa ha-yal-ii-
ses ^ne^memote. Wa, giPmese ^wi^laxs lae hoquwEls laxes g'okwe,
qa^s lit hogwiLEla lax g'okwases uEgumpe GwE^yimdze, qa^s k!us-
^alile lax max'sta^yasa tiExila. Wii, xilmadzaciwa^mis yiicjlEg'a^le
Ewanux"dze. Wa, la ^nek-a: "K'.wiigEmlil la, uEgiimp, GwE^yim-
30 dze, qa^s hoLelaosaxgin willdEniLEk' laL, ytxs ts!EX"ilaEn naqa^ye
qaEu ts!ox"LEmax, yixs k' leasdiix^maex alaxLJiyo LegEma. La^me-
sEk' lalg'ada LegEmk" qa LegEmsox. Wa, laEms LeqElaLEs Lale-
plalase laqo ga^meseg'ada qlELlEx'soktik' pJElxElasgEma. Wii,
gelag'a ax^edqEk'," ^nek"exes nEgumpe. Wii, hex^^ida^mese Gwe-
35 ^yimdze Lax^ulila, qa^s yiiqlEga^le. Wa, la^nek'a: " ^madzexaos wal-
;
BOAS] FAMtLY HISTORIES 995
and spoke. He said, "Wliat do you say, father-m-law (V 13) ?
| 36
Do you come again and give me a marriage gift of sixty blankets
|
and also this name? Thank you, father-in-law (V 13) !" Thus he|
said, and sent out his wife (VI 9) to call his numaym, the SenL!Em,to|
come into his house. Indeed, there were only three || seated in the 40
house,—himself (VI 2), his wife, and his child (VII 3),—because
Ewanux"dze (V 13), tried to surprise his son-in-law GwE^yimdze|
(VI 2), and GwE^yhndze (VI 2) did not know beforehand what his|
father-ill-law (V 13) was going to say to hun. Then the SenLlEm
|
came in, and immediately GwE^yimdze (VI 2) sent out his speak-|
ers to stand in front of his house and to invite the Maamtagila,
|| 45
G"exsEm, Kilkwaklum, Laalax's^Endayo, on behalf of Laleplalas
|
(VII 3), the son of GwE^yundze (VI 2). "That is what you will|
say," said GwE^yimdze (VI 2) to his speakers; and when he stojjped
speaking, the speakers went out. They stood in front of the
| |
house of GwE^ylmdze (VI 2) and said, "Now, Maamtagila,|| G'ex- 50
sEiii, Kukwaklum, Laalax's^Eudayo, now you may witness the
dance of Lalep!alas (VII 3), the child of GwE^yimdze (VI 2)."|
The other speaker said, "Letusbequick!" Now the numaymLaala-
|
x's^Endayo was sitting still; and when they stopped speaking they
|
went into the house of GwE^ylmdze (VI 2), and it was not long|
before the four numayms came in. Now GwE^yimdze (VI
|| 2) told 55
them that his jilan was for ALaiiEm to have a name of
| high rank
dEmaqlos, nEgflmp? La^masexat! wawalqalaa yisa q!EL!Ex"sokwax 36
p lElxElasgEmaa yu^misa LegEmaqla? Wa, gelak'as^la, nEgilmp,";
nek'Exs lae ^yalaqases gEnEme, qa lii^s Le^lalasE^we ^nE^memotasxa
SenLlsme, qa gaxes ^wFlaeLEla lax g^okwas. QaLaxs yudux^-'niae
klfldzel laxes gokwe LE^wis gEUEme LE^wis xunokwe, qaxs ts!a- 40
tslalkiwae Ewanu.x"dzaxes nEgiimp, GwE^yimdze, c^axs k' !esae
q!aq!alalg'iyuwe GwE^ylmdzax waldEmLases uEgumpaq. Wii, g'axe
^wl-la hogwlLcda SeuLlEme. Wa, hex'^ida^mese GwE^ylmdze ^ya-
laqases a^yilkwe, qa las qlwag^aEls lax l !asana^yases g'okwe, qa
LelElasexa Maamtag'ila, LE^wa GexsEine, LE^va Kukwaklume, 4o
LE^wa Laalax's^Eiidayowe qa Lalep!alase xiinokwas GwE^yhudze.
"^nex'LEs," ^nek-e GwE^ylmdzaxes a^yilkwe. Wa, giFmese q!wel-
^idExs lae hoqiiwElseda a^yilkwe, qa^s la qlwag^aEls lax Llasana^yas
g'okwas GwE^yimdze. Wa, ^nek'a: "LaEms x'ltsIax-ilaLai' Maam-
tag'ilai', G'exsEinai', Kiikwaklum—ai', Laalax's^Endayowai', qa La- 50lep !alas xiinokwas GwE^yimdze." "HalasLEiisaai'," .^nek'eda ^iiEmo-
kwe Elkwa. Wa, laEmLa kludzeltsa^nia ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^-
Endayowe. Wii, giPmese qlweHdExs lae liogwiLa lax g'okwas Gwe-
^yimdze. Wa, k"!est!a galaxs g"axae ^wi^laeLeda mosgEmakliise ^nal-
^nEmemasa. Wa, la^me nele GwE^yimdzaxs hae senate ALaiiEmaxs 55
lE^mae i\laxLala LegadLEs Lalep!alase. Wa, giPmese qlwePidExs
;
996 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.3b
57 namely, Lalep!alas (VII 3). As soon as he stopped s]ieaking, he|
gave away the sixty blankets to the four numayms; and after he had|
done so, they went out. Now his name was Laleplalas (VII| 3),
60 although he was only a young child of his father GwE^ylmdze||
(VI 2). Now Lalep'.alas (VII 3) had foiu" names, beginning with|
the first when he was born by his mother Qlexxala (VI 9). Now [
Laleplalas was grown up. Then GwE^ylmdze (VI 2) said to his
|
father-in-law Ewanux"dze (V 13) that he wanted to give a winter
dance; and immediately Ewanux"dze (V 13) that he would pay|
05 the marriage debt to his son-in-law GwE^yimdze (VI 2). Wlien||
it was nearly winter Ewanux"dze (V 13) paid the marriage debt,—
|
two hundred and fifty blankets, ten boxes of oil, twelve boxes
|
of dried salmon, and twenty baskets with cinquefoil-root. After|
he had paid the marriage debt, Lale])!alas (VII 3) disappeared, and|
70 GwE^yimdze (VI 2) gave a winter dance. He had disappeared||
for a long time, then he was caught. Then Laleplalas (VII 3) was
hamshamts'.Es. Now his nanie was AmyaxElas5^ (VII 3). Now he
|
had five names. Then they gave away two hundred and fifty
|
blankets to the Q!omoyfi,^ye, ^walas Kwag'ul, and QlomkMutlEs.
|
|
73 Now, he did not give any to the GwetEla. After one whiter he|j
stopped bemg hamshamtslEs; and when winter came again, he be-
|
came a member of the S])arrow Society. Now he had also a
name from his grandfather Ewauux"dze for the secular season
|
57 lae yax^witsa q!EL!Ex"sokwe plElxElasgEm laxa mosgEmakwe ^nal-
^UE^memasa. Wa, giHniese gwalExs lae ^wFla hoquwElsa. Wa,
la^me LegEms Laleplalase laxes ^ene^me g'inauEm xiinox"ses ompe
60 GwE^yiindze. Wa, hiEm mosgEme LeLEgEmas Laleplalase g'iigi-
LEla laxes g'Hena^ye mayoLEmses absmpe Q!exLfda. Wii, hr'me
nEXLEax'^id la bEgwanEme Laleplalase; laase nele GwE^ylmdziixes
nEgumpe Ewanux"dzaxs yawi.Kilaexsdae. Wii, hex'^ida^mese Ewa-
nux"dze ^uek'Exs lE^mae qotex'alxes uEgumpe, yix GwE^yimdze. Wii,
65 giPmese Elaq tsIa^wunx^idExs lae qotex^^ide Ewanux"dzasa sEkMa-
x'sok'ala p lElxElasgEui, he-misa nEqasgEme dedEngwatsIe Lle^na;
gagiwalatleda xEm-° yats!e xEtsEma, he^'misa gigagala tlet.'Egwa-
ts!e LlaLlEbata. HeEm waxe. Wa, gll^mese gwala qotexaxs lae
x'is^lde Laleplalase. Wii, la'me yiiwix ile GwE^ylmdze. Wa, giila-
70 ^mese xtsiilaxs lae k'imjasE^wa. HiimshamtslEse yix Laleplalase.
Wa, la^me LegadEs AmyaxElasE^we. Wa, laEm sEk' hisgEme LeLE-
gEmas. Wii, laEm yiix'widaj'oweda sEk"!axsok"ala plElxElasgEm
laxa Qlomoya^ye, LE^wa Hviilase Kwiig-ula, LE^va Qlonik'lutlEse.
Wii, laEm k'les laginaxa GwetEla. Wii, ^uEmxEnxela^mesexa tslil-
75 'wuiLxaxs lae gwat hamshamtslEsa. Wii, giHraese etled tsla-
'wiinx^ldExs lae gwetse-sta. Wii, hiEmxae g'iigillle LcgEmas liixes
gagEmpe Ewanux"dze laxa biixuse. Wii, la LJasaxdzeg'i-lak" laxa
l:oas] family histories 997
and his name was LlasaxdzegWak; as member of the Whale 78
|
Society in the winter dance; and the name of AmyaxElaso (VII
| 3)
|
was QEwegEme^ (VII 3) as a member of the Sparrow Society. Now
he had six names from the beginnmg, when he was born by his
|| 80
mother, Qlexxala (VI 9).
1
Now Lalep!ah\s (VI 3) was a full-grown man. Now I will talk|
about him after he finished the winter dance. That is why I men-
tioned his secular name. Now GwE^ytmdze (VI 2) wished his
I |
son Lalep!alas (VII 3) to give a potlatch to the Kwag'ul, to get
for his name the name of the past chief, HamesElal (V 3) for 85
||
the name HamesElal also belongs to the numaym SenL '.Em,
|
because it is the name given by G'ayosdas (IV 3) to his and|
G'ag'SolElaga's (IV 1) son (V 3), who was the younger brother of
Smoke-AU-Round (V 1). G'ag'aoiElaga (IV I), and YaqoLleqElas
|
(V 2), and his younger brother HamesElal (V 3) had gone home|
to Ts!Equl6tEn. Therefore the Legwikla^x" have the names|| 90
HamesElal and Smoke-All-Round and the name G'ag'aolElaga,
|
for they know all the names of the SenL Ism. Now I will
speak again about Lalep!alas (VII 3), who made a potlatch
to the KwaguL He was helped by his father GwE^yimdze
|
(VI 2) and his grandfather Ewanux"dze (V 13); two hun-
|
dred and twenty blankets went from his father (VI
|| 2) to 95
Laleplalas (VII 3), and one hundred and eighty blankets from
|
ts!ets!eqa LegEma yixs gweguyimae. Wa, la^me Legade AmyaxEla- 78
sE^was QEwegEine laxes laena^ye gwetse^sta. Wa, la^me q!EL!Es-
gEme LeLEgEmas g'iigiLElaxs galae mayoLEmses abEmpe Qlex'Lala. 80
Wii, laEm alak' !ala la bEgwanEma yix Laleplalase, qaxg'in la^mek.
etIaLElal laqexs lae gwal ts!ets!eqa. LagihiEn he Lex-'edayowe
baxudzaxLayas. Wa, la^me ^neke GwE^yimdze, qa plEs^edag'eses
xunokwe Lalep!alasaxa Kwakiig'ule, qa wag'es LegadEs Legsmnsa
g'Igamayolae HamesElale, yixs has^maaxa ^nE^memotasa SenLlEme 85
LexLEgEmlie HamesElale, qaxs he^mae Lex^edayos G'ayosdaswu-
laxes xiinok" l6^ G'ag'aolElaga, yixs tsla^yanokwae Kwax'se^stalas.
Wa, la na^nakwe G'agaolElaga l6^ YaqoLleqElase LEwis ts!a^ye
H§,mesElale lax TslEqiilotEne. Wa, he^mis lag'ilasa Legwllda^xwe
LegadEs HamesElale LE^wa Kwax"se^stala LegEma qa GagaolEla- 90
gaxs ^naxwa^mae q!eq!alax LCLEgEmasa SenLlEme. Wa, la^mesEns
edzaqwal gwagwex'sEx'^idEl la Laleplalasaxs lae plEsaxa Kwaku-
g'ule. Wa, laEm ^naxwa g'iwaltses ompe GwE*yimdze le^wIs
gagEmpe Ewanux"dze, yixs hamaltsok"alaeda p!ElxElasgEme g'a-
gilil lax ompas Laleplalase. Wa, la ma^lgunaltsogiig'iyowa g"ag"ilTle 95
lax gagEmpase Ewanux"dze hamoplEnyag'igawa p!ElxElasgEme
998 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
97 his grandfather Ewanux"dze (V 13). Lalep'.alas (VII 3) was|
helped by the two men with four hundred blankets; and after he
had been helped with the blankets, GwE^yimdze (VI 2) sent out|
Lalep'.alas (VII 3) to call the speakers who were to be their|
1000 guests to come quickly. Lalep'.alas (VII 3) went at once to call|1
them, and they all came immediately. Then GwE^ymidze (VI] 2)
instructed them what to say outside of the house; and after he|
had instructed them, they went out of the house and stood there.|
They said, "Now, Qlomoya^ye, ^walas Kwag'ul, Q!omk-!ut!Es, you
|
5 will see (the dance of) Qlexxala (VI 9), the child' of Hameselai||
(VII 3)," for HamesElal (VII 3) had his mother QlExxala (VI 9)
for his dancer. It was not long before the three tribes of the|
Kwag-ul came in. When they were all inside, GwE^yimdze (VI 2),|
arose and spoke. He said, "Now you will stop nammg my prince
|
Laleplalas (VII 3) for his name is changed, and he will now be| ||
10 named HamesElal (VII 3). Now he will take the seat of the past
HamesElal (V 3), who held the second seat in my numajan Sen-|
LlEm." Thus he said to all the Kwag-ul. Then they all agreed to
I
what he said. After he had finished his speech, he gave away the|
15 four hundred blankets; and when he had done so, they went out.|||
Now he had seven names, beginning with the first name obtained|
at the time ofhis birth from his mother, Q!ex"Lala (VI 9). It was not
long before his grandfather Ewanux"dze died (V 13), and at once
|
97 g-iwalayosa ma-'lokwax Lalep!alase. Wa, gil-'mese gwalallla g-iwa-
layowe p!ElxElasgEmaxs lae ^yalaqe GwE^yimdzas Lalep.'alase, qa
liis Le^lalaxa a^yllkwaxs Le^'lanEmae, qa gaxes lullabala. Wa, hex'^i-
1000 da^mese la Laleplalase Le^lalaq. Wa, hex-'ida'mese g-axda^xwa.
Wa, laEmxae Lexs^'ale GwE^yimdze qa wfddEms hix LlasaniVyases
gokwe. Wa, gll^mese gwal Lexs^alaqexs lae hoquwEls laxa g'okwe,
qa^s qlwag-aElse. Wa, la ^nek'a: "LaEms x-ItsIaxilaLOLai' Q!omo-
ya^yai', ^walas Kwag-ulai', Q'.omk' '.utlEsai' lax Qlex'Lala xunokwas
5 HamesElale, qaxs he^mae senates abEmpe QlexLala, yLx HamesE-
lale." Wa, kMest!a galaxs gaxae -wFlaei,eda yiidux"sEmakwe Kwa-
kuo-ula. Wa, g'iPmese ^wi^laeLExs lae he^me GwE^yimdze Lax^iilila,
qa^s yaqlEga^e. Wa, la ^nek'a: "LaEms gwal LeqElalts Lalepla-
lase laxg-in LEwulgamek', qaxs la^mek' LlayoxLa, qaxs la-mek-
10 LegadElts HamesElale. Wa, la^messk- Ird lax Laxwa^'ya HamesE-
lalwula, yixs ^na^nEmokwalgiwalae laxEn ^nE^'memota SenLlEme,"
^nekexa -naxwa Kwakugula. Wa, aEmxaawise ^naxwa ex-akax wal-
dEmas. Wa, gil'mese gwale waldEmasexs lae yax^wltsa hamop Ieu-
yag'lgawe plElxElasgEma. Wa, g'll^mese gwal yaqwaxs lae ^wFla
5 hoquwElsa. Wa, laEm aLEbosgEme LeLEgEmas giigiLEla laxes g-i^le-1
na^ye mayoLEmses abEmpe Qlex'Lala. Wii, k'!est!a galaxs lae lE^'le
gagEmpase Ewanux"dzex-de. Wa, hex'^ida^meseQIex-Lala^nex', qa
> The dancer is here called the child of the host.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 999
Q!exLala (VI 9) wished that HamesElal (VII 3) should take the 18
|
seat of his grandfather Ewanux"dze (V 13). Then Qlex'Lala (VI
| 9)
told her son HamesElal (VII 3), and || her husband GwE^^-imdze 20
(VI 2), to call in the numaj^m of his grandfather (V 13), the|
Laalax's^Endayo, to come into the house of Ewanux"dze (V 13).
|
Immediately HamesElal (VII 3) himself went to call them, and|
they came in. When they were inside, Qlex'Lala (VI 9) arose and
|
called her son HamesElal (VII 3) to come and stand by her side; 25ll
and she spoke, and said, "See how I stand here with my son (VII
| 3),
who is the grandson of my past father Ewanux"dze (V 13). His
|
name is HamesElal (VII 3). Now I wish him to take the seat of
|
Ewanux"dze (V 13), Laalax's^Endayo." Thus said Qlex'i.ala
|
(VT 9). Immediately all the men of the numaym La^lax's^Endayo 30i|
agreed to what Qlex'Lala (VI 9) had said. Now she gave away
|
blankets to the numaym Laftlax's^Endayo, and his name was
|
|
Ewanux"dze in the numaym Laalax's^Endayo. Now Ewanux"dze
(VII 3) was the head man of his new numaym, the Laalax"s^Endayo,|
and he CV'^II 3) also || held the seat of HamesElal in his numaym 35
SenL lEm. Now he had the two seats of HamesElal and Ewanux"dze.
|
Now he married NEg'aga (VII 4), and the chief HamedEg'Eme^
|
(VI 10) of the numaym G' exsEm gave to HamesElal the name Tsex-
I
he^mise HamesElale Lax"stodExk!wax-dases gagEmpde Ewanux"dze. 18
Wa, hex'^ida=mese Q!ex'Lala axk'lalaxes xunokwe HamesElale LE^wis
la^wunEme GwE^yimdze, qa Lelts!6desexa ^iiE-memotases gagEmp- 20
dexa Laalax's^Endayowe, ya las ^wPlaeLEla lax gox"das Ewanux"-
dzex'de. Wa, hex'^ida^mese xamax'^ida^me HamesElale la Le^Iala
qa g'axes ^wPlaeLa. Wa, k'!est!a galaxs gaxae ^wPlaeLa. Wa,
hex'^ida^mese Qlex'Lala Lax^Qlila, qa^s Le^lalexes xiinokwe HamesE-
lale, qa las LawEnodzelilEq. Wa, lit yaqlEga^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: 25
"Weg'a doqwalaxg'hi La^wi^lenek' Lo^gun xunokwEk', yixgada ts!ox"-
LEmag'asEn ompdae Ewanux"dzex'da, ylxg'a H§,mesElalEk' . La-
^mesEn ^nex' qag'a^mes Lax"stodEx klwa^yas Ewanux"dzex'da, Laa-
lax's^Endayo," ^nek'e. Q!ex'Lala. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ^naxwa exa-
k'eda ^naxwa bebEgwanEmsa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayax 30
waldEmas Qlex'Lala. Wa, la^me yax^witsa p lElxElasgEme g'ayalts!a
lax ^nE^memotasa Laalaxs^Endayowe. Wa, laEm LegadEs Ewanux"-
dze laxa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayowe. Wa, laEm iaxumeses
ale la ^nE^memota LaS,lax"s^Endayowe Ewanux"dze. Wa, laxae la
Laxwalax'sa laxes ^uE^memota SenLlEme HamesElale. Wii, la^'me 35
ma^l6x"sala ylx HamesElal l6^ Ewanux"dze. Wa, la gEg'adEx'^idEs
NEg'aga. Wa, la^me LegEmg'ElxLale g'lgama^ye ^nEmox"sa ^nE^me-
motasa G'exsEme HamedEg'Ema^yax TsEx^wlde lax HamesElale
laxes heena^ye g"ayolts!a gEg'ades ^nErae ^nE^memota SenLlEme.
;
1000 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 3^
40 ^wld when he. married out of his numaym SenL !Em. || He did not keep
I
his wife NEg'aga for a long time when he sent her away, .and Lale-
|
p !alas married the princess of the chief of the numaym LCLEged,
|
LelElayugwa (VII 5) ; and he obtained the name for the secular
season T!at!Ents!Id (VII 3) and four winter names—for thebeggar-|
45 dance the name Q !weq IwasElal, and for the war-dance || the name|
Mayanid, and for the hamshfimts Les the name iJaqosElag'ilis, and
|
for the fool-dance the name NolEme^sta when (his dancer) was a man,
|
and if she was a woman, the name NolEme^stahdzEmga; and
|
H^mesElai {Vll 3) also did not keep LelElayugwa (VII 5) as a wife for
50 a long time before she died. Now he married || Xwane (VII| 6) , the
princess of Gundox" (VI 11), chief of the numaym NaEnsx'ii of the
|
Koskimo; and Hamesslal (VII 3) obtained in marriage the name
|
Gundox", and also the rattle-dance for the winter dance, with its
|
name, DotEyig'i^lax". Now HamesElal (VII 3) and Xwane (VII 6)
had no children, although they had lieen married for tliree years.
| ||
55 Then HamesElal (VII 3) sent Xwane (VII 6) away, and he married
|
Hck'inedzEmga (VII 7), the sister of Kwax'ilanokume^ (VII 8),
|
chief of the numaym TsIetslEmeleqala; and they gave the cannibal-
dance as a marriage gift, and the cannibal-mask called " tooth-
|
mask," and the hox"hok" head-mask, and the crooked-beak head-
|
60 mask, and the name of the cannibal dancer was || SEyEmq lESElag'ilis,
and also the thrower-dance with the name ^nawalax"dze, and the
|
40 Wii, kMest!a ^ala gEg'adEs NEg'agaxs lae k'ayaq. Wa, la gEg'adEs
k' !edelas g'Igama-yasa ^nE^memotasa LeLEgede Laleplalase, ylx Le-
lElayugwa. Wa, laEmxae LegEmoLEx T!at!Ents!ule lilxa baxiise.
Wa, he^misa ts!ets!eqa leleda, ylxs moxwedalae yixa q !weq !wasElale
wa, he^mis LegEmse Q !weq !wasElale ; wa, he^misa tox^wide; wa,
45 he^mis LegEmse Mayanide ; wii, he'misa hamshamtslEse; wii, he^mis
LegEmse LltiqosElag'ilise; wii, he^misa nolEme; wii, he-'mis LegEmse
NolEme^sta yixs bEgwanEmae. Wa, g'll^mese tslsdaqa nolEme, lae
LegadEs NolEme^stalidzEmga. Wii, k' !es-'Emxae giila gEg"adEs Lela-
layugwa ylx HamesElalaxs lae lE'le LclElayugwax'de. Wii, lii gEga-
50 dEX'^klEs Xwane k' !edela Gundox", glgama^yas ^nE-memotasa
NaEnsx'asa (josg'Imux". Wii, la^mese LegEmgElxLaS'e Gundoxwe
qa LegEuis HamesElale ; he'misa liayatElaie laxa ts!ets!eqa; wii, he-
^mis LegEmse DotEyig'i^laxwe. Wa, laEmxae hewaxa xiingwadEX"-
^ide HamesElale liix Xwaiiii, yixs wax"^mae yudiix-'wiinxes ts!ii-wunxe
55 hayasEk'ala. Wii, laEmxae k'aye HamesElalax Xwanii. Wii, lii
gEg'adEs Hek inedzEmga, yix wuqiwas Kwax'ilanokuma^ye, ylx
g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasaTs!ets!Enieleqala. Wii, lii hamsElxLiilaxa
hiimatsia, he^misa hamslwa^^^e g'ik'anagEmla, he'misa hox"hokwI-
wa^ye LE^wa gEloqwiwa^ye. Wa,, he^mis LegEmsa hamats!eye SEyEm-
fiO q!ESElagilise. Wii, he^misa mamaqla. Wii, lii Legadss ^nawalax"-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1001
rich-woman dance with the name Q lominagESElat, and the war- 62|
dance with the name Topleq; and when the Nak!wax'da^x" paid
|
the marriage debt, then tlie four men disappeared, and he
|
showed the four dances. Now, || these were obtained by tlie numaym 65
Laalax's^Endayo, because he wanted very much to retain the name
|
of his grandfather l lasaxdzeg' i4ak" (V 13), for that was the winter
dance name of Ewanux"dze (V 13). H^mesElal (VII 3) never had a
|
child, although he had many wives; and the only one who could take
|
I
the place of his grandson was the grandson of |lLe4enox" (VII 1), the 70
child of K' .'amaxalas (VI 7), the princess of A^walask'inis (V 9), |
chief of the numaym Haayalik'awe of the Q.'omoj'a^ye. |Then
LMenox" (VII 1) had a daughter (VIII 1); and when the daughter|
of (i.e^lenox" and) WalEwid (VII 9) , chief of the numaym Haana-|
Leno, was grown up, her name was iJiileii^lak" (VIII 1), the daughter
of Le^lenox" (VII 1) || and of her husband WalEwid (VII 9). Then 75
Llaleli^lak" (VIII 1) married ^maxiilag" ills' (VIII 2); and to him|
went the name ^maxulag'ilis and also the cannibal dance and the
|
name Yagwis and the fire-dance from the brother of Llaleli^lak"
|
(VIII 1), who was Nux"nemis (VIII 3) in the winter dance, and
Omx'^id in the secular season. Now Llaleli^lak" (VIII
| 1) had (four
sons) a son named ^uEmogwis (IX 1), and his || younger brother 80
OgwilagEme^ (IX 2), and his younger brother K !wak IwabalasEme^
dze. Wa, he'misa qlaminagase LegadEs Q!aminagESElale. Wii, 61
he^misa toxHvide LegadEs T6p!eqe. Wa, gil-mese gwala Naklwax'-
da^xwe qotex'axs lae x'ls^ed ^wFleda niokwe bebEgwanEmx'sa.
Wa, la^me ^wi4a nePidamasxa moxwidala leleda. Wii, laEm he
g'ayoqawa ^ns-memotasa Laalaxs^Endayowe, yixs hiie laxiile LegE- 65
mases gagEmp^wiile Llilsaxdzegi^lakwe laxa ts!ets!eqa, ytx LegEmas
Ewanux"dzeyule. Wa, laEm hewiixa sasEmnox^wida, yix HamesE-
lale wax-'mae q!enEmes gEgEnEmx'^ide. Wa, lex'a^mes la gwalalas,
qa^s LlayoLeses ts!ox"LEme ^nEmogwis, yix ts!ox"LEmas Le^le-
noxwexa xiinokwas K' !amaxalase, yix k' ledelas A^walask'inisexa 70
glgaraa^yasa ^nE^memotasa Haayalik'awa^yasa Q!6moya^ye. Wa,
la xungwadEx'^ide Le^Ienoxwasa ts!ats!adagEme. Wa, gil-mese
nEXLaax'^id la ts!Edaqe xunokwas WalEwide, g'lgama^yasa ^nE'me-
motasa HaanaLena lae LegadEs Llaleli^lakwa xunokwas Le^lenoxwe
LE^wis la^wtinEme WalEwide. Wa, la lawadEx'^ide l laleli^lakwas 75
^maxulag'ilise.' Wii, la layoweda LegEme ^miixillag'ilise, he^misa
hamats!a lo^ LegEmase Yiigwise LE^wa nonltse^stalale ylswuqiwas
Lliilefrlakwe Nux"nemise laxa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, la OmxndEXLa laxa
baxQse. Wii, lii xiingwadix'-ide Lliileli^lakwas ^nEmogwise LE^wis
tsla^ye OgwilagEma^ye LE^wis tsla^ye K!wiik!wabalasEnia^ye LE^wis 80
1 The narrator, who by descent is not a member ol the tribe; the son of a white father and a Tlingit
mother.
1002 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
81 (IX 3), and his younger brother LelElg'imlihis (IX 4). And
|
^nEinSgwis (IX 1) was taken by HamesElal (VII 3) to take his|
place in the numaym SenLlEm; and he took on the other side|
K !wak IwabalasEme^ (IX 3) to take his place in the numaym
|
85 Laalax' s^Endayo ; and now the name of ^nEmogwis (IX 1), || the son
of ^maxulag'ilis (VIII 2) and Llaleh^ak" (VIII 1), was HamesEhil
(IX 1) and the name of K !wak IwabalasEme^ (IX 3) was Ewanux"-; I
dze (IX 3) in the numaym Laahix's^Eudayo; and K!wak!wa-|
balasEme^ (IX 3) also had two seats, as he took the seat of the
|
father (VI 2) of his mother', Le^lenox" (VII 1), among the
|
90 HaS,yahkawe^, and ^nEmogwis (IX 1) || also had two seats—the head
seat in the numaym SenLlEm, which was the marriage-gift of|
HamesElal (VII 3) to ^maxillag-ihs (VIII 2); and he also had the|
seat of HamesElal, which is the fourth in the numaym SenL.'Em.|
And when HamesElal dies, all his property and his names among
|
95 the SenLlEm wiU go to him (^nEmogwis IX 1) || and the property of;
Ewanux"dze will go to Q!omx'ilag'ihs (IX 3) (that is K!wa-
|
k IwabalasEmeO with his names and all the dances,for Q lomx'ilag'ilis|
is the name of K !wak !wabalasEme^ in the numajTii Laalax'-|
s^Endayo; and he wiU be Ewanux"dze after the death of Ewanux"-
|
100 dze; but the name K !wak !wabalasEme^ belongs|| to him in the
numaym HaanaLeno of the Q!6moya^ye). That is all about this.|
|
81 tsla^ye LelElgimlilase; wa, he^mis la ax^etsos HamesElale ^uEmo-
gwise qa Lax"st6dLeq laxa ^UE^memotasa SenLlEme. Wii. laxae
ax^edEx aps6t!Ena^yas K!wak!wabalasEma^ye qa Lax"stodLeq laxa
^nE-memotasa Laalax"s^Endayowe, cjaxs lE^mae Legade ^uEmogwisas
85 HamesElale, yix xiinokwas -maxidagilise l6-' LlalelFlakwe. Wa,
laEmxaawise Legade K!wak!wabalasEma^yas Ewanux"dze laxa ^ue-
^memotasa Laalaxs^Endayowe. Wii, laEmxae K!wak!wabalasEma-
^ye ma^l6x"sala leHvIs laena-'ye Lax"stowex Laxwa^yas omp^wulases
iibEmpe Le^lenoxwe laxa Haayalik'awa^ye. Wii, laxae ^uEmogwise
90 ma^l6x"s{iia yixs Laxiima^yaasa ^nE^memotasa SeiiLlEme, yix La-
xwIff'ElxLa^vas HamesElale lax ^miixulagilise. Wii, laxae Liixwala
lax Laxwa^yas HamesElala yayudukwalg'iwala liixa ^nE^memotasa
SenLlEme. Wii, gil'Emlwise Ie'^Ilb HamesElale qo liiLe -nEmogwise
-wPlg'aaLElasLEs diidEk'asas le^wIs ^'niixwa LCLEgEmas liixes SbulIe-
95 ^mena^ye. Wa, la ^wilg'aaLEle dadsk-asas Ewanux"dze lax Q!um-
x'ilagilise, yix K!wiik!wabalasEma^ye LE^wis LCLEgEme, LE^wa
^niixwa leleda, qaxs he^mae LegEms K!wiik!wabiilasEma^ye Q!um-
xilag'ilise liixes ^nE^memota Laillax's^Endayowe. Wa, lil iilEml
Ewamix"dzex'Liil qo Ie^Ilb Ewanux"dzey§. Wii, het!a Legadaats
100 K!wiik!wabiilasEma^yes ^nE^memota HaanaLenasa QlomaytVye.
Wii, lawisLa laba laxeq.
' Really his mother's mother.
boas] family histories 1003
Makriage with the NakIwax'da^x"
Now I will talk about the Naklwax'da^x", why they have many 1
|
names derived from the Awlk' !enox" and Bellacoola and also the
|
Gwa^sEla and DzawadEenox", and Haxwamis; for the chief of the
|
numaym ^walas, whoso || name was ^maxwa, got wives among these 5
tribes; and he also married among the niuiiaym TEmltsmiEls of the
|
Mamaleleqala, and the numaym Laalax's^Endayo of the Kwag'ul,
|
and also the numaym G'exsEmx's^anala of the Koskimo. That is
|
where ^miixwa, and his children after him, took wives, and also
among the Gwawaenox" from the numaym Kwekwaenox". Wlien
|
emaxwa (II 1) was a || young man, the father of ^maxwa, Amilxiila} 10
(II), called his numaym the ^walas, and told his numaym that
| |
he wished to get a wife for his prince ^maxwa (II 1) among the
|
princesses of the chiefs of the tribes, to get crests from them; and
|
he told them that he wished him to marry || l laqwag' ilayugwa (II 2), 15
the princess of Llaqwag'ila (I 2). Thus he said. Immediately
|
his numaym thanked him for liis speech. The Naklwax'da^x"
|
lived in the village Teguxste^. They started at once early in the
|
morning, and they went to Wanuk", wliere the village of the
|
Awlklenox" is located when they catch olachen. || Wlien they arrived 20
the speaker of ^maxwa (II 1), whose name was Gwemalas, stood up|
Marriage with the NakIwax'da^x"
HeLEn gwagwex's^alasLa Naklwax'da^xwe lax lag^ilas qleuEme 1
LeLegEmas g"aya^nakflla laxa AwIkMenoxwe LE^wa BElxula; wa,
he^misLeda Gwa^sEla LE^wa DzawadEenoxwe LE^wa Haxwamise,
yixs he^mae gag'adi^lalats g"Igama^yasa ^nE^memotasa ^walasexa
Legadiis ^maxwa, yixs he^maaxat! la gEg'adaatseda ^UE^memotasa 5
TEmltEmlElsasa Mamaleleqala LE^wa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Enda-
yowasa Kwag'ule; wa, lie^misLeda ^nE^memotasa G"exsEmx's^analasa
Gosg'imoxwe, ylx gag'adi^alasas ^maxwa LE^wis sasEm^nakulas laxa-
axa Gwawaenoxwe lax ^nE^memotasa Kwekwaenoxwe. Wa, heEm
ales alostawe ^maxwa. Wa, laEm^awise Lelts!6de omp^willas ^ma- 10
xwaxes ^nE^memota ^walase (xa Legadiis Amaxulale). Wa, la^lae
nelaxes ^nE^memotaxs ^nek'ae qa gagak" !e^stalIsEleses LEWulgama^ye
^maxwa lax k' !esk' !edelas g'lg'Egama^yasa lelqwalaLa^ye, qa^s k!a-
k'!es^0L!e laq. Wa, laEm^lawise nelaxs lE^mae ^nex" qa^s la gaga-
k"!ax Llaqwag'ilayugwa lax kMedelas L!aqwag"ila, ^nex"4ae. Wa, 15
hex'^iadEm^lawise ^naxwa mo^le ^nE^memotases waldEmas, yixs hae
g-okule^laeda Naklwax'da^xwe Teguxsta^ye. Wa, hex^^idaEm^lawise
alex^wid^laxa la ^nax'^Idxa gaala. Wa, laEm^lae lal lax Wanukwe,
yixs haa^l g'okiila ^nilxwalama Eawlk" !enoxwe dzaxwilaxa dzaxune.
Wa, g'll^Em^lawise lag'aaxs laa^l Lax^ulExse Elkwas ^maxwaxa Le- 20
gadiis Gwemalase. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
,
1004 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
22 and spoke. He said, "I came to you, great numaym WiokwItEm,
|
Awik' !enox" ! My chief, ^maxwa (II 1) here, came to marry your
|
princess, Llaqwag'ila (I 2), l laqwag' ilayugwa (II 2). Thus| he
25 said. Then they paid the marriage money || of sewed blankets; and
after they liad paid the marriage money, they hearil the whistles of
|
the cannibal-dancer in the house of Llaqwag'ila (12), and also the|
whistles of the fire-dancer and of the rich-woman dancer, and the
|
sacred song of the shaman-dancer. When each of these had sounded
30 four times, Llaqwag'ila (I 2) came out of his house || carrying a|
handful of eagle-down. He sang his sacred song, and he used the
I
eagle-down like a rattle. He stood in front of his house wearing
|
around his neck a large neck-ring of red cedar-bark. Wien he
|
stopped singing, he spoke, and said, "Come, son-in-law ^maxwa
|
35 (II 1), come into this house, || which will be your house ! The winter
dances have already been started for you, because j'ou have come
|
to marry my princess, l laqwag' ilayugwa (II 2)." Thus he said.
|
Then ^maxwa arose in his marriage canoe. There were four of
|
these; and he told his crew to obey the words of his father-in-law;
|
40 and when he said this, || he jumped into the water with his crew; and
they went up the beach, following his father-in-law l laqwag" ila (I
| 2)
who was waiting for them. Tlicn Llaqwag'ila (I 2) entered the|
house first, and ^maxwa (II 1) followed him, and liis whole crew went|
22 "G'ax^mEn g'ax^aLEla, ^walas ^UE^mem WiokwitEm, yul Awik'!e-
nox", g'axg'ln g'lgameg^eg'a ^maxwak' gagak'Iaxox k!edelaq!os,
L'.aqwagil, laxox Llaqwag'ilayugwax," ^nex'^laexs laa^l qadzel-ida
25 yisa q !aq !Enote ^naEnx^iina^ya. Wa, g'il^Em'lawise gwal qadzeLaxs
laa^lase hek'!Ek'!ale mEdzesasa hamatsia lux g'okwas Llaqwag'ila
Lo^laeda msdzesasa nonltse-stalale LE^wa q!aminagase. Wa, liVlae
yalaqlwala^lae paxalalalas. Wa, g'tPEm^lawise moplEndzaqweda
^naxwa laxes ^nal^nEmx-^idalaena-yaxs g'axaa^l lawElse Llaqwag'ila
30 la^laxes g'okwe, q IwetsEmexa qEmxwasa kwekwe. Wii, la^ae ya-
lagiitEwe^lases yalax^LEne laxes yatElaena^yasa qEmxwa. Wa, la^lae
Lax^uls lax LlasanaS'ases g'okwe. Wa, laEm-iae qEnxalaxa LEkwe
LlagEkwa. Wii, g'iFEm^lawise qlweHidExs laa'l yiiqlEga^a. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelag'a, nEgump ^maxwa, qa^s g'axlag'aos g'axeL
,3,5 laxg'as g'ox"lg'os. LaEmk'^naxwa qIayatElTlg'a ^nax'^nEwalagwll-
g'asc[aes g'a^xena^yosgagak' laxEnk' ledele Llaqwag'ilayugwa," ^nex'-
^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^maxwa Lax^wulExs laxes gagak" laatsle-
ye -xwaxwaklunaxa motslaqe. Wa, la^lae axk'lalaxes kiwerae, qa^s
nanageg'e^mex waklEmases nEgiimpe. AEm-lae ^nek'Exs lae
40 dEx"sta laxa ^wape LE^wis kiwemaxs laa^l hox^wusdesa, qa^s
la Ifig'ixes nEgumpe Llaqwag'ilaxs csEla-'maaq. Wii, lieEm^hiwise
Lliiqwag'ila g'iilaeL hlxes g'okwe. Wii, lil^lae makile ^miixwiiq.
Wii, g'ax^lae ^wFlaeLe kiwemaseq. Wii, la^lae Llaqwag'ila ilxk'lalax
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1005
in. Then L!aqwag'ila (I 2) asked ^maxwa (II 1) to go to his
|
wife L laqwag' ilayugwa (II 2), who was |1 sitting on a board high up 45
in the rear of the bouse. He went to her and sat down by her side.
|
His crew sat down in the rear of the house. Wlien they were all
|
I
seated, then the wliistles of the cannibal-dancer sounded again
|
behind the mat-curtain in the left-hand corner || inside the house; 50
and the whistles of the fire-dancer and the rich-woman
| dancer
sounded, and the shaman-dancer sang his sacred song. Then
|
L laqwag' ila (I 2) arose and stepped to the place in front of the fire
|
in the middle of the house. There he stood stiU. His tribe also
|
did not move from the places where they were seated at the sides of
the house. || When the sound of the whistles stopped, l laqwag' ila 55
(I 2) spoke, and said, "Now, listen to the supernatural power of
I
your wife, son-in-law ^maxwa (II 1) ! Now you have| obtained in
marriage the cannibal-dancer whom you have heard, and his
| name,
Hamtse^stasElag'ilis, and the hoxhok" cannibal head-mask,
| and
the raven head-mask, and the || crooked-beak head-mask, and the 60
gElogudzalis head-mask—there arc four different kinds
| of head-
masks for the cannibal-dancer and also the neck-ring of red cedar-
|
bark woven and mixed with white bark. The name of the
| cedaf-
bark neck-ring is k'losEnxawa; and the head-ring has three rings,
|
one on top of the other; and the wrist-ring goes || four times around 65
^maxwa qa las he^nakiila laxes gEnEme Llaqwag'ilayugwaxs k!wa-
dziililaaxa Laele saokwa lax naqoLewalllasa g'okwe. Wii, hVlae 45
he-'nakiila laq, qa^s la kKvanodzElIlaq. Wa, hcEm^lawis ^wl^Ia
klils^alile k!wemase ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise
'wFla kliis-alllExs laa^lase edzaqwa hek' Iig'a^e mEdzesasa hama-
ts!a, lax axats !elTlasa yawapEinlllaxa le^wa^ye lax gEmxotsalllas
awiLElasa gokwe. Wa, hcEm^axaawise hek' !ale mEdzesasa nonl- 50
tse^stalale LE^wa q lamimlgase. Wii, la^'Iae heEmxat! yalaqlwa-
latsa paxsilalale. Wa, aEm^hlwise La^wile l !aqwag'ila lax obex'Lala-
lilasa laqawalilasa g'okwe sEldela. Wa, heEm^laxaawise gwaele g'o-
kiilotas k" lelis la yawi^nala laxes k !udzelase ^wax'sanegwilasa g-okwe.
Wa, he^latla la qlweHdeda . niEdzetsIsllaxs laa^l yaqlEg-a^le L!a- 55
qwag-ila. Wii, lii^ae ^nek'a: "Weg-a hoLelax ^nawalakwasos gEUE-
maqos, nEgump, ^max". LaEms gEg-adauEmaxes liios wuLax^aLE-
iaxa hamatsia LE^wis Legsme Iliimtse-'stasElag-llis, he^mises hox"-
hokwiwa^ye hamslwa^ya LE^wa gwaxwiwa^ye hamslwa^ya LE^wa
gElokwIwa^ye hiimslwa^ya LE^wa gElogudzalise hamslwa^ya. Wii, 60
mox^widiila heh&mslwa^yasa hamatslax. Wa, he^mis qEnxawe
L!agEx"sada kMit!aakwe ^mElmaqEla LlagEkwa. Wii, he^mis Le-
gEmsa qEnxawa^ye LliigElcwe k'losEnxawa. Wa, laxae yildux"-
tslaq leElx^Eu klwasaxEle qEx'Ima^yas LliigEkwa. Wii, liiLe
maemop lene^staLe qeqEX'tslaneLas x'llplEnak" Llilgskwa. Wa, 65
1006 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
66 the arm, and is made of twisted red cedar-bark; and the anklets go
|
four times around the leg, and are made of twisted red cedar-bark.
|
That will be the way of \our dancer, son-in-law ^maxwa (II 1).
|
And this will be the cedar-bark of the fire-dancer. The neck-ring is
70 mixed with white, and the head-ring is not thick. The || arm-rings|
go around the wrist twice, and also the anklets. The name of the fire-
|
dancer will be Gwadzes. And this will be the cedar-bark of the shaman-
I
dancer. His neck-ring and head-ring will be medium-sized, and he
|
will have a small ring of twisted cedar-bark around the WTist and
|
75 around the legs, and they wiU go around four times. || Tlie name of the
shaman-dancer will be Hayalak'ilaLEla. And this is the way of the
j
cedar-bark of the rich-woman dancer. She has a big neck-ring mixed
with white, and at three places there are strips hanging down|
of cedar-bark mixed wliite and red, in this way:
|
Her head-ring will also be red and white—two rings,
one on top of the other. The one below will be|
80 smaller than the upper one. The || wrist-rings and
leg-rings of red cedar-bark will be white in the
middle, and they will pass around four times; and|
her name will /-\_^^^a y^ ^^ Q!ominowa-
gasElal ; and the ^^^^^^ sacred room of the cannibal-dancer
I
will be painted m FF-rl with a moon painting; and the box|
containing the m^ ' ' M winter-dance obi(>cts wiU ])e painted
in this way: f^^^^\\ The sacred room will stand at the |^^^
left - hand side, inside the door of your house, son-in-
66 lai>e maemoplEue^staLe qeqEx'sIdzexas xilplsnak" L!agEkwa.
Wa, heEm gwiihiasLEsa hamatslaLaos, nEgump, ^maxwii. Wii,
g'a^mes gwalaats LlagEkwasa nonltse^stalale, ytxs ^mElmaqElaes
qEnxawa^ye LE^wis qEx'Ema^ye k'!es lex" LlagEkwa. Wa, la mae-
70 malp!ene^sta^ma xilplEnakwe LlagEk" qeqEX'ts!anes LE^wis qeqEX'-
sidza^ye. Wa, he^mis LegErasa nonltse^stalale Gwadzes. Wa,
g'a^mes gwalaats LlagEkwasa paxalalale, yixs helagutae qEnxawa^yas
LE^wis qEX'Ema^ye LliigEkwa. Wii, la wIIeu x ilp!Enakwa L!agEkwe
qeqEx-ts lanes LE^wis qeqEx'sidza^ye. Wa, la maemoplene^sta. Wa,
75 g'a^mes LegEmltseg'axa paxalalale Hayalak'ilaLEla. Wii, g'a^mes gwa-
laasLEs L!agEx"ltsa cj!iiminagase, yixs LEkwae ^niElmaqEles qEnxa-
wa^ye. Wii, lii yiiduxwidale qiilEna^yas ^mElmoy&g'a gwiileg'a. (Jig.)
Wii, laxae ma^tslaqe qExuma^yas LlagEkwa ^mslmoya. Wa, laLe
wllagawa^ya baniiLEliises ck'Iaye. Wii, hiLC ^niElmoyilwe qec{EX"-
80 tslana^ye LE^wis qeqEx'sidzeLa LliigEkwaxa maemopIene^staLa
LESLEkwa. Wii, he^rais LegEmltse QIominowagasElale. Wii, g"a-
^mes mawilLEsa hamats!eg'ada ^mEkuladzillak'. Wii, lii hiindzawa
k'lawatslegildasliiq, g'agwiileg'a ijlg.). Wa, laLe hel k' !5gweLa ma-
wila gEmxotstalilas ilwlLEliis tlEX'iliises g'okwos, nEgump, ^maxwa.-
ROASJ FAMII,Y HISTORIES 1007
law ^maxwa;||and your name will be K'anEweso in the winter dance, 85
son-in-law." Thus he said. Then he turned liis face toward his tribe,
|
the Awlk' !enox", spoke, and said, "Now give food to my son-in-
|
law and to his crew!" Immediately they gave food to them; and|
I
after they had eaten, the cannibal-dancer uttered his cry || behind the 90
front of the sacred room at the left-hand side, inside the door of the
|
house. Tlien they toolc their batons and narrow roof-boards to beat
|
time on, put them down flat outside of the sacred room, and the
|
song-leaders sat down close to the sacred room. When the batons
|
had been distributed, || L!aqwag'ila stood up. He spoke, and said, 95
"Now watch us, son-in-law—and you, tribe—to see our ways,
I )
for I wish you to learn the way to handle these four winter dances
|
that I have given to you." Thus he said; and after he had spoken,
|
the cannibal-dancer uttered his sound. Immediately the song- 100i|
leaders beat time and began to sing. Then the cannibal-dancer
|
came out of his sacred room. He was squatting as he was dancing
|
about inside the house. When the first song was ended wliich was
|
sung by the song-leaders, the cannibal-dancer ran about with his
|
attendants. They ran around the fire in the middle of the house;
and after he had run || around four times, he went back into his 5
sacred room. Wlien he was going in, the snapping of the mouths of
|
the four head-masks was heard.
|
Wa, la^mets LegadEi K"anEwes6, yuL nEgump laxa ts!ets!eqa," ^nex"- 85
^lae. Wii, la^lae gwegEmx'^ld laxes g"6kiilota Eawik' lenoxwe qa^s ya-
qlEg'a^eq. Wa, la^lae^nek'Eq: "Weg'aEmasL LlExwilaxEn nEgumpex
LE^wos kiwemex," ^nex"^lae. Wa, liex'^idaEm^lawise LlExwIlag'ila.
Wa, g'lHEm^lawise gwala LlExwaxs laa^lase hamadzElaqweda ha-
matslii lax aLadzelllasa mawile lax gEmxotstae^las awlLElasa tlExi- 90
lasagokwe. Wii, hex'^daEm^lawise ax^etsE^weda t!Emyayowe LE^wa
ts!eq!adzowe saok" tiEmedzo, qa^s la pax^alelEm lax Llasalilasa ma-
wile. Wii, liL^lae k'.udzExseg'allleda nenagadiix mag'idz^^yasa ma-
wile. Wii, g'il^Em^liiwise ^wFla la yilx^witsosa t!et!Emyayowaxs laa^l
Lax^'wiillle Llaqwagila, qa^s yiiq!Eg-a-'le. Wii, UViae ^nek'a: "Weg'illa 95
doqwalaLEx iiEgump le^wos g'okulotaqos laxEn ^naxwaLa gwayi^Ia-
lasL, qaxg'in la^mek' ^nex' qa^s gwillElamaos qIaqloLlaxes gweg'i-
lasLaosaxg'ada moxwidiilak' leled lilyowEn liiL," ^nex'^lae. Wii,
gipEm^hawise qlwel^IdExs liia^lase hamadzElaqweda hiimatsla. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^lawise LexEdzodeda nenagade, qa^s dEnx^ide. Wii, g'ax- 100
^Em^lae lalts!alileda hamats!a laxes mawile. Wa, laEm^lae k!wii-
g'ililElaxs yixwae la^stalllsla liixa gokwe. Wii, giPEm^lawise labe
g-ale dEnx^idayasa nemigadiixs laa^l alt !EqElileda hamats!a le^wIs
helik'a, dzElx"se^stalIlElaxa laqawalJlasa g'5kwe. Wii, he^latla la
mop lEne^stalllExs lae lats!alll laxes lEme'latsIe. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise 6
latslalilExs lae c[Emk!ug'a4ecla mowe hehamsiwa^ya.
1008 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (bth.asn. :c.
7 First the hox"hok" head-mask came out, next came the crookeil-|
beak head-mask, and next the raven head-mask came out and
|
10 finally the gElogudzEwis head-mask. Each one went back into theII
sacred room after having gone around the &re once. Then the
| |
cannibal-dancer came out naked and ran out of the house; and it
|
was not long before he came hack carrying in his arms a corpse; and
|
15 when he came into the door of the house, the shaman-dancer jj and
|
the rich-woman dancer sang their sacred songs and came out of the
|
sacred room—first the woman-shaman dancer came out, and last
|
the rich-woman dancer. The rich-woman dancer went straight up
|
to the cannibal-dancer and took the corpse out of his arms. Then
|
20 she went once around the fire in the middle, and sat down || outside
of the sacred room with painted front. She pinched pieces of flesh
|
off the corpse and tasted them. The cannibal-dancer was still
|
sitting near the door, and the woman shaman was still standing in
|
the same place at the door of the sacred room. After the rich-|
woman dancer had four times swallowed pieces of the corpse, the
25 cannibal-dancer arose || and went around the right-hand side of the
lire and went up to the rich-woman dancer. He took the corpse
|
on liis arms and sat down at the left-hand side of the fire in the
|
middle of the house. Then he began to eat it. He had not been
|
eating long when the rich-woman dancer arose and sat down in
|
7 Wa, hcEm^lawis g'alolt !allleda hox"hokwIwa^ye hamslwa^ya. Wa,
g'ax^lae makileda gElokwiwa^ye hamsiweq. Wa, g'fix-lae et-
^wult lalileda gwaxwiwa^ye hamsiweq. Wa, g"ax^lae ElxLa^yeda
10 gElogudzEwese hamsiweq. Wa, g^ipEm^lawise ^uEmp lEue^stahl
laxa laqawalllaxs laa^l ^wPla latslallt laxa lEme^latsle. Wa, g"ax-
^lae laltslalileda hamatsia laxes xanalaena^ye, qa^s la dzElx-EWElsa.
Wii, k'!es-lat!a giilaxs g'axae q!EliLElaxa lalenoxwe. Wii, gipEm-
^lawise g'axeL laxa t !EX"ilasa g'okwaxs laa^l ^yalaqwa^laeda paxalalale
15 LE^wa bEgwanEme q!aminagasa, qa^s g"axe g"ax^wults!alll laxa
lEme^lats!e, yixshe^maa^l g'alolts!alileda tslEdaqe paxalalala. Wii,
la-lae ElxLa^ya q!aminagase. Wii, he^nakulaEm-lawiseda q!amin&-
gase laxa hamatsia, qa^s qlElEXLEyexa lS,lenoxwe laq. Wa, he^lat!a
la ^nEmp lEne-stalll lii-stalllElaxa laqawalllaxs laa^l kiwag'alileda
20 qlaminagase lax L!asalllasa iEme-lats!e, ylxa mawile. Wa, la^lae
epod laxa lalenoxwe, qa^s plEx^ede laq. Wa, laEm^laLa hex'saEm
kiwaela hamats!eda iiExwala laxa tiEx'tla. Wii, lil hex'silEm
LaHvIleda paxalalale tslEdaqe tiEx-iliisa mawiie. Wii, g"il^Em^lawise
mop lEnq lEseda qlaminagase liixa lalenoxwaxs laa^l Liix^ulileda
25 hiimatsla, qa^s la helk' lEwetstalllElaxa laqawalllaxs lae he-nakiila
laxa qlaminagase, cja^s qlElEXLEyexa lalenoxwe, qa^s le klwag'alli
lax gEmxanalilasa laqawallle. Wii, laEm^lae hamx"^idEq. Wii,
k" les^Em^lawise geg'ililExs laa^lase qlaminagase Lax-iilll, qa^s lii-1
BOAS] FAMII.Y HISTORIES 1009
front of the cannibal-dancer, who was eating of the corpse, and helped
him eat it. || At that time the woman-shaman dancer stood behind 30
the camiibal-dancer singing her sacred song, and she did not stop
I
singing until the corpse had been eaten by the cannibal-dancer and
|
the rich-woman dancer. Wlien it had been eaten entirely, the
|
shaman-dancer took a basket and gathered up the bones that had
|
not been eaten and put them into a basket, || and gave them to one 35
of the attendants of the cannibal-dancer. The attendant at once
|
went out of the house with the basket containing the bones. Then
|
the one who had taken out the bones came back and went up
| to the
cannibal-dancer. He took hold of his hair over the forehead,
|
dragged him out, and dragged him down to the bank of the river
||
Wanuk". Then they walked into the water; and when they were in 40
waist deep, the attendant of the cannibal-dancer, who
| held him
by the hair, ducked the head of the cannibal-dancer and turned
|
round toward the right; and when he arose, he faced the same| way
as he had been standing before he ducked him, toward the east.
Then he lifted the head of the cannibal-dancer; and when
| his
mouth appeared out of the water,
II the cannibal-dancer uttered the 45
cannibal cry. Then ^maxwa was asked
| to go out of the house to
see how the cannibal-dancer was beuig purified
| after eating the
corpse. They ducked him four times in the river; and after he had
I
been ducked four times, they came back into the
| dancing-house, ||
kIwagEmlllaxa hamatsia lollala, qa^s ha^mek' !aleq. Wa, heEm^la-
wis la laatsa, pS,x8,lalale ts'.Edaqa, qa^s la Lawil lax S,wig'alilasa 30
hamatsia, qa^s yalaqule. Wa, al^mese gwal yalaqOlaxs lae ^wl-la-
sE-weda lalenoxwasa hamatsia LE^wa q !&minS,gase. Wa, g'iPEm-
-iawise ^wrlaxs laa^l &x^ededa p&xalalalaxa lExa^ye, qa^s q!ap!e-
g'Uilexa xaqe haSmota, qa^s Sxtslales laxa lExa^ye, qa^s
tslEwes laxa g'ayole laxa helik"asa hamatsia. Wa, hex'^idaEm- 35
^lawise la laweldzEmeda xaqesawayaats le lExa^ya. Wa, g'U^Em^la-
wise gax aedaaqeda lax'de lawElsasa xaqesawayaats le lExaxs laa^l
he^nakiila laxa hamats la, qa^s nesEyodex sE^yas ogwiwa^yas x'omsas,
qa^s la nesEwslsaq, qa^s la nesEnts lesElaq laxa awaxstalisasa was
Wanukwe. Wa, la taxtla laxa wa. Wa, g-lPmese tlfiboyoweda 40
helik'asa hamatslaxa nesewayaq laa^l habEnsas x^omsasa hamatsia,
qa^s xilplede helk' lEwe^stala. Wa, gipEm^lawise lag-aa laxes gwe-
gEmalaase gale tex^widaatsa LlesElaxa gaalaxs lae x'ltost^masEx
x"6msasa hamatsia. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise qlax^wuxstax'^Ideda ha-
matslaxs laa4 hex'^idaEm hamtslEg'a^la. W^a, laEm^lae Sxsowe 45
-'maxwa, qa^s la lawEls laxa gokwe, qa^s la doqwalax gweg-ila-
saxa hSpasE^weda hamatslaxs lae gwal loUatxa lalenoxwe. Wa,
moplEna^lae hSbEndzEme x'omsas laxa wa. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise mo-
plEna habEndzEme x"5msasexs g'axae xwelagcLa laxa lobEkwe.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 15
1010 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
60 and he went into his sacred room. The rich-woman dancer and
|
the shaman-dancer also went back into the sacred room. They had
not stayed there a long time before the cannibal-dancer uttered the
I
cannibal crj'. Immediately the song-leaders began
| to smg, and
the cannibal-dancer came out of his sacred room wearing a bear-
|
55 skin. He had around his neck a |1 thick ring of red cedar-bark
called k' losEnxawe; and after the song-leaders fimshed singing
|
four songs, he went into his sacred room, and the shaman-dancer
|
always kept near him. When they had gone into the sacred room,
|
the rich-woman dancer uttered her crj". She cried in this way:
|
60 "Hahi hai, hai, hai; hahi, hai!" || Thus she cried while the song-
leaders were singing her song. She wore around the neck a ring of
|
cedar-bark mixed white and red, and she danced, accompanying
|
the four songs. After the last song, she went into her sacred room;
|
and the fire-dancer cried, "We, we, we!" Then the song-leaders
|
65 sang his H song, and he came and danced for a httle while. He|
danced and put out the fire in the middle of the house, and the
|
song-leaders just sang two of his songs in the dark.
| After his
songs he went back into the sacred room. Then the fixe was built
I
70 up again; || and when it blazed up, Llaqwag'Ua (I 2) spoke, and|
said, "Have you seen the privileges which I have given to you, son-in-
|
50 Wa, la^lae hetsIalilEla laxa mawile. Wa, laEm^lae ogwaqa lats!a-
lileda q!fi.minagase LE^wa paxSlalale laxa mawile. Wa, k'!es^lat!a
galaxs laa^l hamtslEg'a^eda hamatsla. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
dfinx^ededa nenagade. Wa, g'ax4ae lalts lallleda hamatsla laxes 1e-
me^latslexa mawile, ^nEX^unalaxa Lla^ye. Wa, laEm^lae qEnxilaxa
55 LEkwe L!agEx"xa LegadaskMosEnxawaLlagEkwa. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise
gwal dEnxEleda nenagadasa mosgEme q lEmq !EmdEmsexs lae lats !alll
laxes lEme^latsIe LE^wa p^xftlalale, qaxs q!ap!ex"sa^mae LE^we. Wa,
g-ll^Em^lawise latslalll laxes lEme^latsIaxs laa^lase hek^Ega^leda
q laminagase laxes gwek' lalasaxs hahi hai, hai, hai ; hahi hai,
60 ^nex'^aexs laa^lase dEnx^ededa nen&gadas q lEmdEmas. Wa, laEm-
4axae qEnxalaxa ^niElmaqEla L!agEkwa. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae yixwasa
mosgEme qlEmqiEmdEms. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise q!ulbeda ElxLa^ye
qlEmdEmsexs laa^l lats!alil laxa lEme4ats!e. Wa, la^ae wewewe-
xeda nonltse^stalale. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise dEnx^ededa nenaga-
65 das qlEmdEmas. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae yawas^id ylx^wida. Wa, he-
^lat!a la ypwenesexs laa^l k" lElx^edxa laqawalilasa g'okwe. Wa,
fi,Em^lawise wul^Em la dEnxEleda nen&.gadasa ma^tsEme qlEmqiEm-
dEms laxa plEdEkila. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise qlQlbe qlEmdEmasexs
laa^l latslalll laxa lEme^latsle. Wa, la^lae x'axiqlEX'-ItsE^weda Ie-
70 gwlle. Wa, g"Il^Em^lawise x'lqostaxs laa^l yaqlEg'a'le Llaqwag'ila.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Lammas ^wPla doqGlaxEn k' les^ogiilxLa^ye laL,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1011
law 'maxwa (III)? Now carryhome the box containing the privileges 72
and in it take the four dances that you have seen to-night." Thus
I
spoke iJaqwag'ila (1 2) to ^maxwa (II 1). Immediately «maxwa|
(II 1) thanked him for what he had said || for this is the first caimibal- 75;
dancer with whistles that came to the Naklwax'da^x", and also the
|
fire-dance and the rich-woman dance and the shaman-dance and|
the four head-masks, for they had none before that; and therefore|
^maxwa (II 1) was reaUy grateful for what Llaqwag'ila (I 2), his
|
father-in-law, had said. Early the following morning «maxwa 80||
(II 1) and his wife, Llaqwag'ilayu^wa (II 2), and his crew were|
ready. They loaded the four canoes; and when they were loaded,|
they went aboard. When they had gone aboard, Llaqwag'ila (I 2)
|
came out of his house and spoke. He said, "Wait a while,
| 11
son- 85
in-law; for I wiU carry down this box containing the privileges,
|
and these eight baskets of smoked mountain-goat meat and these
|
twenty black-bear skin blankets and forty lynx-skin blankets and
|
forty dressed skins, so that my prhicess Llaqwag'ilayugwa (II
| 2)
may not be cold." || Thus he said. When he stopped speaking, he 90
went into his house; and it was not long before his numaym came
|
out carrying the before-mentioned twenty black-bear skin blankets,
|
the forty lynx-skin blankets, the forty dressed skins, and the
| |
nEgQmp, ^max". LaEmslalmalalxa k'!awats!e gildasa, yix g-its!E- 72
wasasa mox^widalaos la doxwaLElxwa ganoLex," ^nex'^lae Llaqwa-
g'ilax ^maxwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^maxwa mo^las waldEmas,
qaxs he^mae g^alEnxe hamatsla mEdzedzad g'ax laxa Naklwax'- 75
da^xwe LE^wa nonltse^stalale ; wa, he^misa q laminagase LE^wa p&-
x&lalale; Wa, he^misLeda mowe hehSmsiwa^ya, yixs k'easae g'ala-
gawa^ya. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas fi,lak' !ala mo^le ^maxwas waldEmases
nEgflmpe Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g'll^EmHawise ^nax'^idxa gaalaxs lae
xwanaHda ytx ^maxwa LE^wis gEUEme Llaqwag'ilayugwa LE^wis 80
klweme, qa^s moxsexes motslaqe xwaxwak!una. Wa, g'tl^Em^la-
wise ^wl'lxse ^mEmwalasexs laa^l ^wi4a hox^walExs laxes yae^yatsle.
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wPlxsExs g'axaa^lase Llaqwag'ila g'axawEls laxes
g'okwe. Wa, la^ae yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "EsElalag'a-
^masL, uEgiimp, qEnu^x" lalag'Il taodaxsasg'ada k'!awats!ek' g'ildasa 85
Logwada x'ix'llgwatsiek' ^mElxLowa ma%QnaltsEmk' LlaLlabata
g'a^mes g'ada ma^ltsoktik' LleLlEntsEm ^naEnx^fina^ya Logwada
mox"sokwe -walasx'asgEm ^naEnx^fina^ya Logwada m6x"sokwe ala-
g'ima; aLox k" linaesalaxox k' ledelaq lEn, yixox Llaqwag'ilayugwax,"
^nex'^lae. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlweHdExs laa^l laeL laxes g'okwe. Wa, 90
k*!es^lat!a gacLElaxs g'axaalaes ^nE^memote mowElsElaxa la lble-
qElasosxa ma^tsokwe LleLlsntsEm ^naEnx^Qna^ya LE^wa mox"so-
kwe ^walasx'asgEm ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa m6x"sokwe &lag'ima. Wa,
1012 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35
eight baskets of smoked mountain-goat meat wMch he had men-
95 tioned, and || two baskets containing mountain-goat tallow, and also
|
the box containing the privileges. They brought them and put them
into ^maxwa's canoe. As soon as they were aU in, ^maxwa arose
|
|
in his canoe and thanked his father-in-law Llaqwag'ila (I 2) for what
he had done. As soon as he stopped speaking, they started,
| and he
200 came || home with his wife to TegOxste. As soon as he arrived,
|
^maxwa (II 1) asked his father, Amaxfilal, to call in the five num-
|
ayms of the Naklwax'da^x" in the evening. Then Amaxillal (I
| 1)
went to call them. He did not call them loud, but he whispered,
| as
5 he went and sat down by the side of each man. It was not long
II |
before they came in; and when all were inside, ^maxwa asked his|
father to bar the door of the house. Immediately ^maxwa arose
|
and reported what he had obtained for his tribe; namely, the four
|
10 dances which were in the privilege-box, || and also the other things.
" Now, I want you to consider whether I should not give a winter
|
dance." Thus he said. Immediately all of them agreed to what| he
said, and he gave a winter dance. Then he showed the four dances|
which he had obtained in marriage from the Awlk" !enox". Now the|
15 name of ^maxwa (II 1) was Llaqwag'ila. || He gave a feast with the
dried goat-meat and the tallow of the goats.
| |
he^misa ma^gunaltsEme x"Ix'ilgwats!e ^mElxL^ L!aL!3,bata LE^wa
95 ma^tsEme yIx"sEmayaats!eso ^mElxLax LlaLiabata. Wa, he^nie-
Leda k'!awats!e g'lldase. Wa, g'ax^Eui^lae moxdzEm lax ya^yats^as
^maxwa. Wa, glpEm^lawise ^wi^lxsExs laa^lae 'maxwa Lax^ulExs
laxes ya^yats'.e, qa^s monies gwex'^idaasases nEgQmpe Llaqwag'ila.
Wa, g'lpEm^awis qlweHdExs g'axae LEx^eda. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae
200 na^nakwa LE^wis gEUEme lux Teguxste. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise lag'a-
axs laa^lae ^maxwa axk' !alaxes ompe Amaxulale, qa hex^ida^mese
Lelts!5dxa sEk'!asgEmak!use ^naFnE^mematsa Naklwax'da^xwe la
dzaqwa. Wa, hex'HdaEm^lawise AmaxQlale la Le^lala. Wa, laEm-
^lae k'les hadzExstalaxs laa^l Le^lala, qaxs ^^maa^l opalaxs lana-
5 xwae k" IwanoLEmlilaxa ^naxwa bebEgwanEraa. Wa, k' les^lat !a ga-
laxs gaxae ^wFlaeLa. Wa, g-Il^Em^lawise gax ^wFlaeLExs laa4ae
^maxwa axk'.alaxes ompe, qa LEnex'^idesexa tiEx'ilases g'okwe. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawise ^maxwa Lax^tilila, qa^s tslEk'laHdeses gwauEme
laxes g'okiilotexa moxwidala leledaxa g'ltslawaxa k'!awats!e g'll-
10 dasa, he^misLa ^naxwa ogMalaq. "Wa, la^mesEn ^nex' qa^s weg'aos
doqwalaxes nenaqa^yos, qEn weg'iyawix'ila," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^-
daEm^awise ^naxwa ex'^ak'Ex watdEmas. Wa, la^me yawix'Ha.
Wa, he^mis la neFldaatsa moxwidala leleda, yix gEg'adanEmas
laxa Awlk'Ienoxwe. Wa, laEm^lae Legade ^maxwas Llaqwag'ila.
15 Wa, laEm k Iwelas'^Itsa x'tlkwe ^mElxLowa LEHva yIx"sEmesa
'melxLowe.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1013
He also gave 9,way the bear-skin blankets, the lynx-skin blankets, 17|
and the dressed skins, at the winter dance that he was givmg to his|
tribe the Naklwax'da^x". It was not long before they had a son. 20II
Immediately the father-in-law (I 2) of l laqwag" ila—for I call him
|
no longer ^maxwa (II 1), because he had already the name l laq-|
wag' ila (II 1)—the former l laqwag" Qa (I 2) (that is, the father-in-
I
law of the former ^maxwa (II 1)), gave as a marriage gift the name |
Nanagwas (III 1) for the child. Now his name was Nanagwas
(III 1), and it was not long before they had a daughter. Then her 25II |
name was l laqwag' ilayugwa (III 2). Now l laqwag' Ha (II 1) had|
two children. Nanagwas (III 1) and his sister, l laqwag' ilayugwa
|
(III 2), were not yet grown up when l laqwag' ila (II 1) wished to|
marry the princess of Goxolane, (I 3) BElxanaga (II 3) (Hahotis-
Woman,) || because he was the head chief of the Nuxak'Em (I mean the 30
Bellacoola). Now l laqwag' ila (II 1) wished to marry the princess of
|
Goxolane, BElxanaga (II 3), only for her property,' because he|
wanted to get in marriage many names and various winter dances;|
and therefore he told his numaym the «walas, and he was told by|
them to go ahead and do it quickly. || Then l laqwag' ila (II 1) got 35
ready to start on the following morning with his numaym the
|
^walas. Early in the day they started by canoe. His wife remained
I
Wa, laEmxaawise ^wFla yax^witsa LlEnLlEntsEme ^naEnx^una^ya 17
LE^wa ^walasx'asgEme ^naEnx^una^ya LE^wa alag'ime laxes yawix'l-
laena^ye qaes g'okulota Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, k'les^atla galaxs
lae xtingwadEX'^ida, yisa babagume. Wa, la hex'^idaEm^lae nE- 20
gumpas Llaqwag'ila, — qaxg'in la^mek' gwal LeqElas -maxwa laq,
qa^s lE^mae LegadEs Llaqwag'ila, yix ^maxwa. — Wii, laEm^lae
Llaqwag'ilamotla, yix nEgumps ^maxwamotla LegEmg'ElxLalax Na-
nagwase, qaLegEmsa ginanEme. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs Nanagwase.
Wa, k'les^Em^laxaawise galaxs laa^l etled xungwadEX'^Itsa ts lilts la- 25
dagEme. Wa, laEm^lae LegadEs Llaqwag'ilayugwa. Wa, laEm^lae
ma^lokwe sasEmas Llaqwagila. Wa, k'les^Em^Jawise q Ifllsq liilyax-
^ wide Nanagwase LE^wis wuqlwe Llaqwag'ilayugwaxs laa^I -'nex'^Iae
Llaqwag'ila, qa^s la gagak'lax k'ledelas Goxolane lax BElxanaga,
ylxs he^mae xamagEme g'igamesa Nuxak'smxa gWE^yowe BElxula. 30
Wa, laEm^e ^nek-e Llaqwag'ila, qa^s a^me xwesax' k'ledelas
Goxolane lax BElxanaga, qaxs ^nek'ae, qa^s LaLegEmoL.'ex LegEma
Lo^ ogttqala Med laq. Wa, he^mis la ne^lEmsexes ^nE^memota
^walase. Wa, laEm^lae aEm waxaso^ qa^s weg'i aEm hali^lala. Wit,
la^lae hex'^ida-me Llaqwag'ila xwanal-'Ida, qa^s wag'Il alex^widEl 35
qo ^nax'^idElxa gaalaLa LE^wis ^nE^memota ^walase. Wa, g'IpEm-
^lawise ^nax'^idEx laa^l &lex^wida. Wa, laEm^lae Emlexwe gEnEmas
iXwesa means a mock marriage performed in order to obtain certain prerogatives.
1014 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH.ANN.8r
38 at home with her two children. Then they arrived at the place of
|
the Bellacoola, and at once he paid the marriage money for
| the
40 princess of Goxoiane (I 3) ; and || after he had paid the marriage
money, the chief, Goxoiane (I 3), came out of his house with his|
princess, BElxanaga (II 3), each wearing two marten-blankets.|
Four old men carried each five lynx-skin blankets—twenty in all.
|
I
45 Then Goxoiane (I 3) spoke, and || gave the four marten-skin blankets
and the twenty lynx-skin blankets to Llaqwag'ila (II 1), and also|
the name Q lEmsdExulElxsde (II 1), which was to be the name of|
Llaqwag'ila (II 1); and also the name of his princess, BElxanaga
(II 3), was given to' Llaqwag'ila (II 1) to be the name of liis
I
princess l laqwag' ilayugwa (III 2). That is all that he obtained|
50 there. Then they put the || sewed blankets into the canoe of
Llaqwag'ila (II 1); and Goxoiane (I 3) and his princess BElxanaga|
(II 3) went into the house. Llaqwag ila (II 1) was never invited| in
with his crew. Therefore Llaqwag'ila (II 1) became angry,| and said
55 to his crew, " Let us push off and leave this silly person 1 " |l Thus| he
said. They left, and in the evening a warrior of the Nak Iwax'
| da^x"
whose name was K'llEm, said, "Listen to me, NeuSIo and
| |
Nandzel" naming his fellow-warriors, "I am ashamed
| because we
60 were not even invited in by the Bellacoola. I || wish you would make
38 LE^wis ma^lokwe sasEma. Wa, laEm^lawise lag'aa laxa BElxula. Wa,
hex'^idaEmHawise qadzil^eda lax k'iedelas Goxoiane. Wa, g-IpEm-
40 ^lawise gwal qadzeLaxs g'axaa^asa g'igama^ye Goxoiane g'axftwuls
laxes g'okwe LE-wis k' ledele BElxanaga ^naEnx^unalaxa maema^le lc-
LEgExsEm ^naEnx^iina^ya. Wa, la4ae daleda m5kwe q liilsq Ifilyak"
bebEgwanEmxa sesEk' la ^walasx'asgEm -naEnx'una^ya ma4tsox"^lae
hiiga. Wa, hcEm^lawis yaqlEg'a^le Goxoiane. Wa, laEm^lae g'ax'-
45 k' lEk' laltsa mowe LeLEgExsEni LE^wa ma^ltsokwe ^wi^walasx'a^sgEm
^naEnx^uneMax Llaqwag'ila; wa, he^misa LegEme QlEmsdExulElxsde,
qa LegEms Llaqwag'ila. Wa, he-'mise LegEmases k' ledele BElxanaga
g-axyos lax Llaqwag'ila qa LEgEms k'ledelase Llaqwag-ilayugwa.
Wa, heEm waxe gwiiuEmas laq. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae &x^alExdzEma
50 qlaqlEnole ^naEnx^tina^ya lax ya^yatslas Llaqwag-ila. Wa, la^lae
S,Em4a hogwiLe Goxolana LE^wis k' ledele BElxanaga laxes g'Qkwe.
Wa, laEm^lae hewaxa LelwiiltotsE^we Llaqwagila LE^wis klweme.
Wa, heEm^lawis tslEngums Llaqwag'ila, lag'ilas -nek-a laxes klweme:
" Weg'a aEm qlotElisax, qEns lalag'i asm basa esex nenaxs^la,"
55 ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'ax^Em^ae ^Em has. Wa, he'latla la dzaqwaxs
laa^l yaqlEg'a^e babEbaklolasa Naklwax'da^xwa Legadas K'llEme.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "WaEntsos hoLela g'axEn, ^ne^uEmok" NeuoIo,
Lo^s Nandze," '^nex'^lae Leqi'lalaxes babEbaklwote, "yLxg-In max-
tsleg'inLasa k'lese a,Lat!a Lelwflltod g'axEnsxa BElxula. La^mesEn
60 ^nex" qa^s wag'aos gwanalaxs nenaqayaq !os, qEns niErnx'tslEsfle la
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1015
up your minds to cover our shame, and to attack on our way home 61|
the DalwildEx"." Thus he said. Immediately Llaqwag'ila (II| 1)
agreed to what he said, for the canoes were anchored near the|
entrance to the vdlage of the DalwiidEx". When it got dark, the|
six canoes paddled along, intending to fight against the DalwiidEx" 65II
that night. They (people) were not yet asleep when they arrived,
|
and the warriors anchored at the other side of the point, near the
|
I
village site. When everything was quiet, K'JlEm and his friends,|
Nandze and NEnolo, started, and || Llaqwag'ila (II 1), with his crew, 70
followed them. It was not long before the village was on fire, and|
then the warriors began to kiQ the men. l laqwag'ila (II 1) went into|
the house of the chief of the DalwiidEx" and took a large carved box
|
and carried it to his canoe and put it aboard. It was not long
|
before Nandze came, carrying three heads which he had cut off; 75ll
and K'ilEm came, carrying four heads; and Nsnolo came, carrying|
two heads and also a woman-slave; and all the warriors took much
|
I
food, which they carried on their shoulders into the canoes. Then|
NeuoIo gave the woman- slave to Llaqwag'ila (II 1); and when all 80II
had gone aboard, they went away before daylight. They went
| |
along, paddhng all night, and they had gone a long way before|
day came. They did not rest before evening. Then they arrived|
kwakwexbalaxwa DalwildExwa," *nex"^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise g^
Llaqwagila ex'^ak'Ex waldEmas, qaxs lE^ma^l ^nExwale mExalaasas
yae^yats!as lax Swaxsta^yas g'okiilasasa DalwiidExwe. Wa, gil'Em-
*lawise plEdEx^^ldExs laa^l ^wilgiLe sex^wideda qlELlEtsIaqe xwaxwS.-
klQna. Wa, laEm^lae lal winalxa DalwildExwaxa ganuLe. Wa, 65
k' les^Em^lawise 'naxwa mex^edExs laa^l lag"aa. Wa, &Em*lawise
mExaLa^ya wina lax ftpsadza^yasa awilba^ye laxa nExwala laxa
g'6x"dEmse. Wa, heHat'.e la ^wi^la sEltledExs laa4 qas^ide KilEme
LE^wis ^ne^nEmokwe Nandze lo^ NEnolowe. Wa, la^ae alxLa^ye
Llaqwag'ila LE^wis wax"ts!&la. Wa, k'les^lat'.a galaxs laa^l xumtli- 70
deda gokula. Wa, heEm^lawis la kMelag'atsa babEbaklwaxa bebE-
gwanEme. Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila laeL lax g'okwas g'lgama^yasa
DalwiidExwe, qa^s lenEmexa k' lesgEmala ^walas g'lldasa, qa^s las
laxes ya^yatsle, qa^s la hSng'aalExsas. Wa,k"!es^lat!a galaxs g'axae
Nandze dalaxa yudux"sEme qag-ikwa. Wa, g'ax^lae K'ilEme mos- 75
gEm^lae daakwas qag'lkwa. Wa, g'ax^lae NEnolowe dalaxa ma^tsE-
me qag'lkwa, heEm^awisa tslEdaqe qiak'owa. Wa, la^lae qlEyoLa
'naxwa winaxa hemaomase, ytx g'axe t let !enx"sexs g'axae hox^wa-
lExsEla laxes yae^yatsle. Wa, laEm^lae NEnolowe tslases tslEdaqe
qiak'o lax Llaqwag'ila. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wPla hox^walExs laxes 80
yae^yats'.axs g'axae sEpiedaxa k'les^ma^l L&la qa^s ^nax'^ide. Wa,
g'ax^Em^lawise nEkQlaxa ganuLe. Wa, k'.wagilaEm^lawise qwesg'i-
laxs laa^l ^nax'^ida. Wa, liewaxa^lat !a x'os^idaxs lae dzaqwa. Wa,
1016 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
85 at the mouth of Bellacoola Inlet that evening. || There they took a
rest; and when it was nearly midnight, they started again. At
|
daybreak they came to a place near the mouth of Rivers Inlet.|
They went on, and took a rest at the mouth of the Gwa^sEla Inlet.
| |
Then they felt safe, and thought that they were not being pursued by
90 the DalwiidEx". Then || the warriors scalped the heads which they
had cut off; and after they had done so, Llaqwag'ila (II 1) spoke,|
and said, "Thank you for what you have done. Now we are not
|
ashamed, although we were not invited in by Goxolane (13). I
|
mean that I have also cut off a head." While he was saying so, he
|
95 lifted up by the hair a head. Then || they asked the woman-slave for
the name of the man whose head had been cut off bj' Llaqwag'ila
(II 1); and the slave said, "That is the head of the chief of the |
I
DalwiidEx", and his name was Qamatsa." Then he opened the|
large carved box; and first he saw a neck-ring of red cedar-bark,|
300 and a head-rmg. He did || not take them out, but he just felt among
the red cedar-bark, and there he felt the whistles of the cannibal-|
dancer. He took one and blew it. Then he uttered the cannibal-|
I
cry, because he had obtained it in war. Then his numaym were|
glad, because Llaqwag'ila (II 1) himself had cut off the head of the ||
5 owner of the large carved box. Then he put back the whistles into|
g-ax^Em^lae lax Swaxsta^yas wunaldEmsasa BElxiilaxs lae ganul^rda.
85 Wa, heEm^lawis la x'osaLa^ye yawas^ida. Wa, g-IPEm^lawise Elaq
nEgeg-exs laa^l etled sEpleda. Wa, g-a.x4ae ^nayo laxa uExwala lax
awkxsta^yas wunaldEmsasa AwIkMenoxwe. Wii, he^nakQFEm^lawise,
qa^s g'axe x"os^id lax awaxsta^yas wunaldEmsasa Gwa^sEla. Wa,
laEm^lae helexHd k'les sasE^wasosa DalwiidExwe. Wa, laEm^lae
90 sabEltsEmdeda babEbaklwaxes qeqag-ikwe. Wa, gil'^Em^lawise
gwaia laa^lase yaqlEg'a^le Llaqwag-ila. Wa, la^lae ^nek-a: "Gela-
k'as^lax'ins gwex'^idaase qaxg'ins k'lesek' la max'tslaxg-Ins k'lesek-
Lel-'wultotsos Goxolane, qaxgin ^ne^nak'ilEk' ogwaqa'^mEn qax'*^-
ida," ^nex'^laexs lae dzoxostod nedzEXLexa qagikwe. Wa, la^lae
95 wttLasE^weda tslEdaqe qlak'owa lax LegEmas qagikwas Llaqwag'ila.
Wii, la^lae ^nek^eda q kxk'owaqexs he^mae xamagEme g-Igamex'desa
DalwildExwe. Wa, heEm^lawis LegEmse Qamatsa. Wa, la^lae
x'ax^wldxa ^willase kMesgEmala g'lldasa. Wa, heEmHawis g1l do-
x^waLEltseda qEnxawa^ye LlagEkwa LE-wa qEx'Ema^ye. Wa, la'lae
300 k-les ax^vultslodEq. AEm^ae plex^wIdEx awaba^yasa LlslgEkwe.
Wa, heEm^lawis la p lex^waLElatsexa msdzesasa hamatsla. Wa,
gil^Em^lawise ax^edqexs lae pox^widEq qa hek" lEg'a^es. Wa, la^lae
h5.mts!Eg-a^la qaxs lE^mae S,lak'!ala wInanEmaq. Wii, laEmHae
moHe ^nE^memotasexs heq lanox"^mae Llaqwag'ila qiix'^IdEx axno-
6 gwadasa ^walase k' lesgEmala g'ildasa. Wa, laEm^lae xwelaqa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1017
the large box, aud they started away. In the evening they arrived 7|
at Tegfixste^ their village, and immediately Llaqwag'ila (II 1)
|
disappeared in winter. Then he gave a winter dance, and now
|
Llaqwag'ila (II 1) was a cannibal-dancer; || and the woman-slave 10
advised Llaqwag'ila (II 1) what to do, and told him that the name|
of the cannibal-dancer was Qamatsa; and the songs were also sung
|
by the slave to the song-leaders of the Naklwax'da^x". Indeed,
|
why should they not learn the songs of the cannibal-dancer?
|
because they obtained it by kilhng in war, for it is more valuable
when obtained in war than when obtained in marriage. When 15II
Llaqwag'ila (II 1) had learned the ways in which the camiibal-
|
dance was danced by the DalwiidEx", aud the songs, he got excited
|
in his cannibal-dance. Then they killed the woman-slave, and he
|
ate her, and Llaqwag'ila (II 1) himself ate the whole slave. Then|
he changed |1 his name, because he had swallowed the whole woman- 20
slave; and after that Llaqwag'ila's (II 1) cannibal name was
|
Lawiok" (II 1).
I
After L laqwag'ila (II 1) had been cannibal-dancer for four winters
|
(I shall hereafter call him Qamatsa (II 1), the name which he|
obtained in war from the chief of the DalwiidEx", whom he had
killed), Qamatsa (II 1) still had for his wife Llaqwag'ilayugwa (IIII 2), 25
the Awik' !enox" I woman.
|
Sxtslotsa mEdzese laxa ^walase g'Udasa. Wa, g'ax^lae LEx^eda. 6
Wa, laEm^lawise dzaqwaxs g'axae g'ax^aLEla lax Tegtixsta^ye laxes
g'okiilase. Wa, la^lae hex'^idaEm x'is^Ide Llaqwag'ilaxa la tsia^wQn-
xa. Wa, laEm^lae yawix'Ila. Wa, laEm hamatsia ylx Llaqwag'ila.
Wa, heEm^lawisa tslEdaqe qlak'o Lexs^alax Llaqwag'ila, qagweg^ilats 10
LE^wa LegEmas Qamatsax'de laxes hamatslaenex'de. Wa, he^mise
q JEmq lEmdEmas g'ax dEnxodzEmsa qlak'o lax nenagadasa Na-
klwax'da^xwe, qaL qa k'leses ^wPla qlaqloLlaxa qlEmqlEmdEmasa
hamatslaxs lE^mae k' lelag'anEmaq laxa wina, yixs laqaeda wina-
uEmaxa gEg'adauEme. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wPla la qlale Llaqwag'i- 15
lax gwayi^lalasasa DalwiidExwaxes hamatslax'de LE^wa qlEmqlEm-
dEmaxs laa^l xwase Llaqwag'ila laxes hamatslena^ye. Wa, lasm-
^lawise k' lelax'^itsE^weda tslEdaqe qlak'fi., qa ha^mas. Wa, laEm^lae
Llaqwag'ila ^naxulaxa qlak'ox'de ha^mapEq. Wa, laEm^lae Llayo-
sE^we LegEmas laxeq qaes Laweklwena^yasa tslEdaxde qlak'owa. 20
Wa, laEm^lae Llaqwag'ila hamdzExLalas Lawiokwe laxeq.
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise mox^iinxe tsa^wunxas la hamatsia, yix Llaqwa-
g'ila. La^mesEn hel lal LEqElayoqe Qamatsa yix wlnanEmas, yix
LegEinx'dasa k' lelax'^itsE^wase g'ig&mex'dasa DalwildExwe. Wa,
laEm^ae hex'saEm gEnEms Qamatse Llaqwag'ilayugwaxa Awik'lax- 25
sEme.
1018 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
27 Then l !aqwag' ilayugwa (II 2) told her husband, Qamatsa (II 1),
|
to go and marry the princess of Sewid (I 4), chief of the numaym |
G'ig'ilgam of the Gwa^sEla; and the name of the princess of Sewid
30 was «max"mEwidzEmga (II 4). || Immediately Qamatsa (II 1), and
his numaym the ^walas, went to pay the marriage money. The|
Gwa^sEla hved in Gwek" eUs. They arrived there after one day, and|
he paid the marriage money at once; and after the nuniaym ^walas|
had paid the marriage moiiey, the chief gave to Qamatsa (II 1) as a
|
35 marriage present the name Sesaxalas (II 1) and he gave to Qamatsa; ||
(II 1) for his daughter the name ^mEmx^yugwa (III| 2), and also a
privilege-box in which were the cannibal-dance, shaman-dance, and
|
the olala, and also the mouse-dance and red cedar-bark, and their
|
names. They stayed one night, and then Qamatsa (II 1) went back
|
40 with his wife to || Tegtixste^. Now Qamatsa (II 1) had two wives —
his Awlk' !enox" wife, l laqwag' ila;yTjgwa (II 2) , as head wife ; and
I
his second wife, the Gwa^sEla woman, «max"mEwidzEmga (II 4).|
Now Nanagwas (III 1) and his sister l !aqwag" ilayugwa (III 2),
I
were growing up.
|
45 Then K" lade (III 3), the prince of Hawllkulal (II 5), II chief of the
numaym Qawadiliq&la of the DzawadEenox", married l laqwag' i-|
layugwa (III 2), the princess of Qamatsa (II 1); but now he was no
longer called Qamatsa (II 2), but Sesax&las (II 1), and I shall no
|
27 Wa, laHae Llaqwag'ilayugwa *nex" qa lases la^wQuEme Qamatsa
gagak- !ax k' ledelas Sewide, yix g'igama^yasa ^uE^memota G-ig-ilgE-
masa Gwa^sEla, yixs Legadae k' ledelas Sewidas ^max"mEwidzEmga.
30 Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la qadzeLe Qamatsa LE^wis ^nE^memota
^walase, ylxs haa4 g'okulatsa Gwa^sEle Gwek'Elise. Wa, helalaEm-
^lawisexs lae lag'aa. Wa, hex'HdaEm^lawise qadzil^eda. Wa, gil-
^Em^lawise gwala ^uE^memotasa ^walase qadzeLaxs laa^lasa g'igfi-
ma^ye LegEmg'ElxLalax Sesax&lase, qa LegEms Qamatsa. Wa,
35 he^mis qa LegEms tslEdaqe xunox^s Qamatsa. Wa, laEm^lae
LegadElts ^mEmx'ayugwa. Wa, heEm^lawisa k'lawatsle g'tldasa^
yix g'itslE^wasasa hamatsia LE^wa paxS,lalale LE^wa olala; wa,
he^misa k'lapElale LE^wa LleLlagskwas LE^wa LCLEgEmas. Wa,
la^lae xa^mala laqexs g'axae na^nakwe Qamatsa LE^wis gEUEme lax
40 Tegiixsta^ye. Wa, laEm^lae ma^llle Qamatsaxes gEgEUEme LE^wa
Awik"laxsEme l laqwag"ilayugwaxa gEk'Imalile; wa, la^lae axilla
Gwa^sElaxsEme gEUEmse ^majf^mEwidzEmga. Wa, laEm^lae q iQlyax-
^wide Nanagwase Lo^laes wuqlwe Llaqwag"ilayugwa.
Wa, g'ax^lae K"lade, yix LEwulgama^yas Hawllkillale, ytx g'lga-
45 ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Qaq&wadiliqalasa DzawadEenoxwe qadzcLax
Llaqwag'ilayugwa, lax k' ledelas Qamatsa, yixs lE^maa^l gwal Lega-
dEs Qamatsa. Wa, laEm^lae SesaxalasLe Qamatsa. La^mesEu gwal
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1019
longer call him Qamatsa (II 1); and his princess, Llaqwag'i- 48| |
lajugwa (III 2), had also changed her name, and she was called
^mEmx'&jTigwa (III 2), which || he had obtained in marriage from the 50
chief of the Gwa^sEla, Sewid (I 4). As soon as ^mEmx"fi.yugwa
|
(III 2) was married, SesaxS.las (II 1) took the large carved box|
which he had obtained in marriage from the chief of the Awik !enox",
|
Llaqwag'ila (I 2). He gave it to his son-in-law K' I^de (III 3) ; and
|
in the box was the cannibal-dance, and its name was HS.mtse^sta-
sElag'ilis, and the hox^hok" head-mask, andII the crooked-beak 55
head-mask, and the raven head-mask, and the gElogfldzalis head-
|
mask, and also the cedar-bark ring k' losEnxawe and the other
I |
head-rings, and also the rich-woman dancer and her name and her
cedar-bark, and the fire-dancer and his name and cedar-bark,
| ||
and the shaman-dancer and his name and cedar-bark. All of these
| 60
were in the large carved box. These were given in marriage by
|
Sesaxalas (II 1) to his son-in-law, K' !§,de (III 3), and also the
|
secular name ^maxwa (III 3). That was the first winter dance from
the Awik' !enox" that went to the DzawadEenox". Then K' !S,de
I
(III 3) went home || with his wife ^mEmx^yu^a (III 2). Then 65
K" !ade (III 3) at once gave a winter dance when winter came.
|
Then he opened his large carved box and gave a winter dance, and
|
showed the four dances in it. After the winter dance he parted
| from
LeqElas Qamatsa laq. Wa, laEm^laxaawis LlayoxLa^ye k"!edelase 48
L laqwag-ilayugwa, qaxs lE^maa^l LegadEs ^mEmx'iyugwa, yLx LeLe-
gEmg'ElxLa^yas g'lgama^yasa Gwa^sEle Sewide. Wa, glpEm^lawise 50
gwala qadzeLajc ^mEmx-a.3Tigwa laa^ase Sesaxfi,lase ax^alllaxa ^walase
k"!esgEmala g'ildasaxes gEg'adanEme lax g'lgama^yasa AwikMe-
noxwe, ylx Llaqwag-ila, qa^s las laxes nEgumpe KMade. Wa, hcEm
g'itslixa g'ildasa hamatsia LE^wa LegEmase Hamtse^stasElagilise
he^mesa hox"hokwiwa^ye hamsiwa^ya LE^wa gEloqwiwa^ye hamsi- 55
wa^ya LE^wa gwaxwiwa^ye h&msiwa^ya, LE^wa gEl6gudzS,lise hamsi-
wa^ya; wa, he^misa kMosEnxawa LlagEkwa LE^wa waokwasxa
qExima^ye. Wa, he^misa Q!§,minagas LE^wis LegEme LE^wis LleLla-
gEkwe, LE^wa nonltse^stalale LE^wis LegEme LE^wis LleLlagEkwe,
LE^wa paxSlalale LE^wis LegEme LE^wis LleLlagEkwe. Wa, he^sta- 60
^mEl g-its !&xa ^walase k' lesgEmala gildasa. Wa, he^mis la k' les^o-
gulxLes Sesaxalase laxes nEgumpe K"!&,de. Wa, he^misa baxti-
dzExLayowe LegEme ^maxwa. Wa, hcEm^l g'il ts lets lexLEnsa
Awik' lenoxwe la laxa DzawadEenoxwe. Wa, la^lae na^nakwe K' lade
LE^wis gEnEme ^mEmx'ayugwa. Wa, laEm^ae hex'^ida^me KM^de 65
yawix'ilaxa la ts !fi.^wunxa. Wa, laEm^ae axstodxes ^walase k" lesgE-
mala gildase, qa^s he^me ya^weiiEma moxwidala lelede g'its laq. Wa,
g'ipEm^lawise gwal yawix'ilaxs laa^l k'laso LE^wis gEnEme ^mEm-
1020 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
70 his wife ^mEmx'ayugwa( III 2), and she went home to li Tegiixste.|
Now K" \kde (III 3) had made a mistake in the way in which he
handled the cannibal-dance of the Awlk" !enox", and therefore
|
^mErnx'^yugwa (III 2) became angry with her husband, K'
| !ade
(III 3). Therefore she went home. It was not long before she
|
married K hvamaxElasogwi^lak" (III 4), prince of the chief of the
|
75 H8,xwamis, KIwamaxElas (II 6). || Now Sesaxalas (II 1) gave the
name Llaqwag'ila to his son-in-law KIwamaxElasogwi^lak", (III
| 4),
and the name l !aqwag' ilayugwa to his sister Hax'haklwaedzEmga
|
(III 5). Now, he did not speak about the winter dance to his son-
|
in-law; and after they had paid the marriage money, Sesax§,las (II
| 1)
80 invited his son-in-law K hvamaxElasogwi^Iak" (III 4) 1| and his crew.
They stayed for four days at Teguxste. Then K !w}xmaxElasogwi4ak"
|
(III 4) retiu"ned home with his crew and his wife| ^mEmx"ayugwa
(III 2) (went) to AlalxS,, for that was the village of the ancestors| of
the HSxwamis; and they were not married long when ^niEuix'S,-
|
85 yugwa (III 2) had a son. Then || Sesaxalas (II 1) gave as a marriage
gift many cinquefoil-roots and many seals, and also a seal
| house-
dish, a killer-whale house-dish, and a sea-lion house-dish — tlu-ee
|
house-dishes to his son-in-law K !wamaxElas6gwi^lak" (III
| 4),
and also the name MEnl^idaas (IV 1) for the name of the new-born|
90 child of ^niEmx ajTigwa (III 2). Then || K IwamaxElasogwi^lak"
(III 4) changed his name when he gave a feast of cinquefoil-roots and
x'8,yugwa. Wa, g-ax^Em^lae na^nakwa yix ^mEmx-ajrugwa lax
70 Tegiixsta^ye. Wa, laEm^lae Legultode KMada gwayi^alasasa Awi-
k'!enoxwe qaeda hamatsla. Wa, heEm^lawis tslEngums ^niEmx'a-
yugwa laxes la^wunEme K"!ade, lag'ilas g'ax nii^nakwe. Wa,
kMes^lat!a galaxs laa^l et'.ed lawadEs KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe, yix
LawOlgama^yas g"Ig&ma^yasa HSxwamise lax KIwamaxElase. Wa,
75 laEm^lae Sesaxalase LegEmg'ElxLalax Llaqwag'ila laxes nEgilmpe
KIwamaxElasogwi^lakwe. Wa, heEm^lawise L!aqwag'ilayug\va qa
LegEms wuq!wase Hax'haklwaedzEmga. Wa, laEm^lae k'!es las
tslaxstala wfildEni laxes nEgiimpe. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise gwala
qadzeLaxs laa^l Lelwttltode Sesaxalasaxes uEgiimpe K!wamaxElaso-
80 gwi^akwe LE^wis klweme. Wa, mop Isnxwa-Vlae ^nala hele Tegtix-
sta^ye. Wa, lae na^nakwe K IwamaxElasogwi^lakwe LE^wis klweme
Lo^mes gEUEme ^mEmx'ayugwa lax Alalxfi., qaxs he^maa^l g'okiilatsa
g'alasa Haxwamise. Wa, k'!es^lat!a gilla hayasEk'alaxs laa^ xfui-
gwadEX'^lde ^niEmx'ayugwasa babagume. Wa, hex'-'idaEm^lawise
85 Sesaxalase la wawalqiilasa q!enEme t!Ex"sos LE^wa qlensme me-
gwata; he^misa ^uEme megwat loqiilila LE-^va max-enoxwe loqulila,
LE^wa LlexEne loqulila. YuduxuxLa^laeda loElqOlile layos laxes
nEgumpe K!wamaxElas6gwi*lakwe, he^misa LegEme MEnHdaase
qa LegEms mayoLEmas ^mEnix'ayu^wa. Wa, laEm^lae LlayoxLaye
90 KlwamaxElasogwi^lakwaxs lae kiwelatsa t!Ex"s6se LE^wa megwate,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1021
seals, for he put the food into the three house-dishes. Now his 91
|
I
name was Llaqwag'ila; and his sister Hax" hak IwaedzEmga (III 5)
|
changed her name, and her name was l !aqwag' ilayugwa ; and the|
name of the child of ^mEmx'&yugwa (III 2) was Msnl^idaas (IV 1), on
account of the feast given by Llaqwag'ila (II 1) of the many hair^|| 95
seals and cinquefoil-roots. Now she had another son. Now, the
| |
father of Llaqwag'ila (III 4), KIwama^xElas (II 6), wished to give a
name to the new child of ^msmx^yugwa (III 2). He gave a pot-
|
latch to the ancestors of the Haxwamis, for the numaym of
I
KIwamaxElas (II 6) were the G'exsEm of the || HSxwamis. Then 400
KIwamaxElas (II 6) gave a potlafch to the G'Ig'ilgam and Ha&ya-|
lik'awe^, as there are three numayms among the Haxwamis. Then
|
KIwamaxElas (II 6) gave the name K !wak Iwabalas (IV 2) to his|
grandson, for the child was to take the seat of K IwamaxElas (II
[ 6)
after his death. Therefore he gave him a name. Now || ^mEmx'a- 5
yugwa (III 2) had two children by her husband l laqwag'ila (III 4) ; |
and when MEni^idaas (IV 1) was grown up, he took the head seat in
the numaym G'exsEm, and his younger brother, K !wak Iwabalas
I
(IV 2) had the third seat in the numaym of his elder brother,| the|
G'exsEm. That is the seat of KIwamaxElas (II 6), his grandfather.
Now KIwamaxElas (II 6) had the seat at the end of the numaymII IQ
G'exsEm. It was as though KIwamaxElas (II 6) had died already.
|
|
ybcs laa^l lEx^ts lE^wak" laxa yuduxiixLa loElqtilila. Wa, laEm Lega- 91
dEs Llaqwag'ila. Wa, laEm^lae wuqiwase Hax'haklwaedzEmga
Llaj'uxLa. Wa, laEm^'lae LegadEs l laqwag'ilayugwa. Wa, he^misa
xunokwas ^mEmx'ajTigwa, laEm^ae LegadEs MEnl^idaase, qaxs he-
^mae senatsa kIweladzEmas Llaqwag'ilaxa qlenEme megwata LE^wa 95
t!Ex"sose. Wa, la^laxae etied xiingwadEX'^Itsa babagume. Wa,
laEm^lae ^nek'e ompas Llaqwag-ila, yix K IwajnaxElase, qa^s le Leqela
qa LegEmsa ale xunoxs ^mEmx'ayugwa. Wa, laEm^lae plEs^edxa
g'alasa Haxwamise, yixs hae ^nE^memote KIwamaxElasa G^exsEmasa
H3,xwamise. Wa, heEm^lawis plEsasos KIwamaxElasa G'lgllgame 400
LE^wa Haayalik'awa^ye lax yudux"sEmakIi1ts!ena^yasa ^nah'nE-me-
masasa HSxwamise. Wa, laEm^lae KIwamaxElase Lex^IdEs Klwa-
klwabalase laxes tsl6x"LEma, qaxs lE^mae LlayostodLa g"lnanEmax
KIwamaxElase qo 1e4lo, Ing'ilas he Leqela qa LegEms. Wa, laEm
ma^lokwe sasEinas ^niEmx'ayugwa laxes la^wiinEme Llaqwag'ila. 5
Wa, g'tPEm^lawise q lulsq lulyax^wide MEnMdaasaxs lae Laxumesa
^nE^memotasa G'exsEme. Wa, la^lae tsla^yase KIwaklwabalase
mama^okwalg'iwala lax ^nE^memotases ^nola, yix klwa^yas laxa
G'exsEme, yix kiwax'das KIwamaxElase, yix gagEmpas. Wa,
a^mise la KIwamaxElase yaqwaso^ lax mak'lExsda^yases ^uE^memota 10
G'exsEme. Wa, laEm gwaiElasm ^uEmax'Is lo laEm Ie-Ic KIwama-
1022 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. as
12 Now he was glad, because his seat was taken by his grandson
|
K !wak Iwabalas (IV 2). Now I shall stop talking about Llaqwagila|
(III 4) and his wife (1112). ||
15 Now I shall go back and talk about the son of Sesaxalas (II| 1),
Nanagwas (III 1). Now Sesaxalas (II 1) wished his prince, Nanagwas
(III 1) to marry the daughter of Kwax'ilanokQme^ (II 7), head|
I
chief of the numaym TEmltEmlEls of the Mamaleleqala. The|
20 Nak !wax' da^x" said at once that they would go || to get in marriage
WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6) , for that was the name of the princess of
|
Kwax' ilanokiime* (II 7). The Nak !wax' da^x" started to pay the
marriage money on behalf of the chief of the numaym «walas,
|
Nanagwas; for Sesaxalas (II 1) was not chief any more, because he
|
was weak and old. Then Nanagwas (III 1) took his seat, and
|
25 Sesaxalas (II 1) was given the last seat in the numaym ^walas.||
Now they gave to Nanagwas (III 1) the seat of Sesaxfl,las (II| 1),
which was the first seat. Now they arrived at ^memkumhs, the|
village of the Mamaleleq^la; and when they arrived there, the|
Nak !wax' da^x" were met in sham-battle by the Mamaleleq2,la. The|
30 Nak !wax' da^x" were not frightened. || They all went ashore and
|
threw stones up the beach at the Mamaleleqala, and the Mamale-|
leqS,la threw stones down the beach; and many of the Nak !wax' da^x"
were hurt, and also many of the Mamaleleq&la were hurt; for there| |
12 xElase. Wa, laLe ek*e n§,qa^yas, qaxs lE^mae L!ayonox"ses ts!ox"-
LEme K!wak!wabalase. Wa, la^mesEn gwal gwagwex-s^alal lax
Llaqwag'ila LE^wis gEnEme.
15 Wa, la^mesEn aedaaqal gwagwex'sx'^idEl lax bEgwanEme xtinox"s
Sesaxalase, ylx Nanagwase. Wa, laEm^Iae Sesaxalase ^nex" qa las
gEg'ades LawulgSma^ye Nanagwase yis k ledelas Kwax"ilan5kiima^ye,
ylx xamagEma^ye g'Igamesa ^nE'memotasa TsmltEmlElsasa Mama-
leleq&la. Wa, hex-MdaEm'^lawis Naklwax'da^xwe ^nex- qa^s la ^wl4a
20 qadzeLax Wawalaxalag-i^akwe, qaxs he^mae LegEms k'ledelas Kwa-
x'ilanokuma^ye. Wa, la^lae aiex^wideda qadzeLaLa Nak!wax'da-
^xwe, qa g'lg&ma^yasa ^nEmemotasa ^walase, yix Nanagwase, qaxs
lE^mae gwal g-Igama^ye Sesaxfi,lasaxs lE^mae wayatslox^wida. Wa,
la^mese L!ayonux"s Nanagwase, yixs laa^l yaqwasE^we Sesaxalase
25 lax mak- lExsda^yas ^nE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, laEm^lawise yaqwa-
sE^we Nanagwase lax Laxwa^yas Sesaxfi.lase laxa Laxflma^ye. Wa,
laEm^lawise lag-aa lax ^memkumlise la^lax gokulasasa Mamalele-
qala. Wa, g-lPEm^lawise lag'aaxs laa^l aniaqasE^weda Nak!wax"da-
'xwasa Mamaleleq&la. Wa, k" lets lEm^lawise k-ll«ideda Naklwax'da-
30 ^xwe. AEm^lae ^wi^la hox^wulta laxes yae^yats!e, qa^s ogwaqe
nEp^wflsdesElasa tIesEme laxa Mamaleleqala. Wa, la^ae nEpEntsIe-
SElaso^sa tIesEmasa MamaleleqSla. Wa, la^lae q!enEme yllkwasa
Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, la'laxae qlenEme yilkwasa Mamaleleqala,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1023
was nearly a real fight between the warriors of the Mamaleleq&la
ll 35
and those of the Naklwax'da^x", because many were hurt on
| each
side; and therefore it is said that there was nearly a real fight
|
between K'ilEm, the warrior of the Nak!wax'da«x", and the warrior
|
of the Mamaleleq&la, named K ilEmalag' ihs ; and K"ilEm was hurt
|
by K ilEmalag ihs. Then || Chief Kwax' ilanokume^ (II 7) put on as
medicine for the hurt of K'ilEm a large canoe, and therefore it did 40
|
not become a real fight. Another warrior of the Mamaleleq&la
|
named Nohd challenged Nandze, a warrior of the Nak!wax"da^x",
|
and neither won. After they finished fighting,
| they paid the mar-
riage money; and after || the marriage money had been paid. Nana- 45
gwas (III 1) and his crew were invited in by his father-in-law. When
|
they were all in the house, they were given to eat; and after
| eating,
Kwax'ilanokume (II 7) arose and spoke. He said, "Now,| hsten to
me, son-in-law Nanagwas (III 1) ! Your wife,| WawalaxElag'i^lak"
(III 6), II win now go to you; and she will carry on her back the 50
copper Causing-Quarrels, and twenty boxes of oil and| ten boxes|
of choke-cherries as travehng-provisions for yoiu: wife, Nanagwas
(III 1) and these four house-dishes will; go, so that| your guestsI
may eat out of them, Chief Nanagwas (III 1) — this double-headed
serpent house-dish, and
|| this wolf house-dish, this seal house-dish, 55
yixs halsEla^maa^l k' !es ax'&lag-ihs dadEgawe babEbak !wasa Mama-
leleqala lo^ babEbak !wasa Naklwax'da^xwe, qaxs qleuEmaa^lae 35
yilkwas laxes ^wa^wax'sawae, yixs he-maa^l lag'ilas Elaq ax'alag-ihse
qa K-ilEme yix babaklwasa Naklwax'da^xwaxs dadEg^e l6^ baba-
klwasa Mamaleleqalaxa Legadas K'ilEmalag'ilise. Wa, la^ae yUkwe
KilEme lax K'UEmalag-ilise. Wa, he^misa glgama^ye Kwax-ilano-
kOma^ye pEtstotsa ^walase xwakluna lax yilkwa^yas K'llEme. Wa, 40
he^mis k" !es6las la ax-alagllis xomal^Ide. Wa, la^axae Lelode baba-
k!wa ^nEmox"sa Mamaleleqalaxa Legadas Nolide lax Nandze baba-
klwasa Naklwax-da^xwe. Wa, laEl k'leks yak-as. Wa, g-ipEm^la-
wise gwagiilaxs laa^l qadzel^ida. Wa, gll^Em^lawise gwai qadze-
Laxs laa^l Lel^wultotsE^we Nanagwasases UEgiimpe LE^wis klweme. 45
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise la ^wi^acLExs laa^l LlExwilag'ila. Wa, g'ipEm-
^lawise gwal LlExwaxs laa^l Lax^iilile Kwax-ilanokuma^ye, qa^s
yaqlEg-a^le. Wa, la-'lae ^nek-a: "Wega hoLelal g-axEn uEgiimp
Nanagwas. LaEmLax' lalg-as gEnEmg-6s ytxg-a WawalaxElag-i^la-
kiik'. Wa, g-a^mes oxLaax"LEseg-a DEnt!alayuk" L!aqwa, Logwada 50
ma^tsEmg-ustok" dEngwatsIe L!e^na, Logwada uEqasgEm tletlEl-
yats!e kMimyaxLa qa g'Ewulx"sg'as gEnEmg'os, g-IgSme Nanagwas.
Wa, la^mesEk- lalg-ada mowexLak' loElqulila qa ha^maatslel-
tses k !welex"Laos, g-IgSme Nanagwas, xg-ada sIsEyuLEk- lo-
quliia, Logwada aLauEmk-, Logwada megwatEk" loqiillla, Logwada 55
1024 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
56 and this Dzonoq !\va house-dish—and also the Dz5noq !wa ladle
|
|
and the grizzly-bear ladle; and the name of your dancer will be
|
MElnas ; and your own name, son-in-law Niinagwas (III 1 ) , will be |
^maxOyalidze (III 1)." Thus said Kwax" ilanokiime^ (II 7). Imme-
60 diately || the father of Nanagwas (III 1), Sesaxalas (II 1), arose and
thanked him for what he had said; and when he stopped speaking,
|
Kwax'ilanokume^ (II 7) asked his son-in-law Nanagwas (III 1) to|
stay in his house for four days, until the twenty boxes of oil, and
| |
65 the ten boxes of viburnum berries, and the four house-dishes, || and
the two ladles, and the great copper Causing-Quarrels, should be
|
ready, for he had to buy the copper from its owner, ^nEmokulag'i-
Udze, chief of the numa5'-m Mamaleleqiam. Immediately the
|
I
Nak !wax' da^x" took the load out of their canoes in order to wait
|
70 until Kwax'ilanokiime^ (II 7) had bought the copper. After theyIl
had stayed there for three days at ^memkumUs, the copper Causing-
|
Quarrels was bought from ^nEmokulag'iUdze. Two slaves, and
|
forty sewed blankets, one hundred and twenty new cedar-bark
|
I
75 blankets, and two canoes, were paid. || These were the price of the
copper Causing-Quarrels among the people of olden times. The next
|
day, when day came, the Nak !wax' da^x" loaded their canoes with
|
oil, viburnum-berries, and house-dishes, and ladles; and when
|
56 dzonoq !wak' loqfillla; wa, he^misa dzonoq liixLala tsexxa; wa
he^misa nEnxLala tsexLa; wa, he^mis LegEmltses senatLaose
MElnase. Wa, he^misLas LegEmLos UEgump, Nanagwase, ^ma-
xuyalidze," ^nex'^lae Kwax'iUmokilma^ye. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
60 wise ompas Nanagwase, yix Sesaxalase Lax^filll qa^s monies
waldEmas. Wa, g'U^Em'lawise q!wel-idExs laa-lae Kwax'ilanoku-
ma^j^e axk'!alaxes nEgurap Nanagwas qa moplEn.xwa^ses ^nalas hele
g-okwas, qa ^wi^les gwax^gullle ma4tsEmg-usta dedsngwatsle Lle'na
LE^wa nEqasgEme t!et!Elyats!e k' !ik" !EmyaxLa, LE^wa loElqQllIe
65 mEwexxa, LE^wa ma^lEXLa tsetsexLa; wa, he'misa ^walase L!aqwa,
yLx DEutlalayuwe, yixs k"ilxweLaq lax L!agwadase ^nEmokulagilidze
yix g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa Mamaleleq !Eme. Wa, hex'^idaEm-
Hawisa Nak'.wax'da^xwe moltodxes mEmwalalaxes yae^yatsle. Wa,
laEm^lae esEla qa k'ilx^wldes Kwax"ilan6kiima^yaxa L!aqwa. Wa,
70 he^latla la yudux"p lEnxwase -nalas la g'is la'lax ^memkumlisa Na-
k'.wax'da^xwaxs laa^l k'ilx^witsE^we DEnt!alayuwe lax ^nEmokulag'I-
lidza. HeEm k'iloma ma^lokwe q!aq!Ek'owa; hcEm-lawisa m6x"so-
kwe q!aq!Enola ^naEnx^'una^ya. HeEm^lawisa ma^ltsogug-iyowe
ts!ets!EX"as k" !ek' lobawasa. HeEm^lawisa ma^ltslaqe xwaxwak!una.
75 Wa, heEm ^waxa^xwatsa L!aqwe DEntlalayo laxa g'ale bEgwauEma.
Wa, g'ipEm^lawise ^nax'^idxa la lEnsa laa^l moxsElax'^ideda Na-
klwax'da^xwaxa Lle^na LE^wa tiElse laxes yae^yats!e LE^wa loElqu-
llle LE^wa tsetsexLa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wilxsa laxa xwaxwaklOniixs
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1025
everything was aboard the canoes, Niinagwas (III 1) and his wife
|
WawalaxElag' i^ak" (III 6) came. || She was carrying on her back the 80
copper Causing-Quarrels. And behind them came the father (II 1) of
|
Nanagwas (III 1), Sesaxalas (II 1), singing his sacred song of the
secular season. And they came down to the beach of ^memkiimlis.
|
Then they went aboard the canoe of Nanagwas (III
| 1); and when
aU were aboard, the canoe started, going || home to| the viUage 85
Teguxste of the Naklwax'da^x". Then Nanagwas (III 1) said| that
he would give a feast with the oil and the viburnum-berries to his
|
tribe the Nak !wax' da^x". After they had stayed there for one night,
|
the numaym of Nanagwas (III 1) went out to get fire-wood for the
feasting-time; and after they had gathered fire-wood, in the morn-
|
ing, when day came, || they invited tlie four numayms— the G' exsEm, 90
|
SisinLle^, and the TsetsEmeleciala and the TEmltEmlEls; for
|
Nanagwas (III 1), chief of the numaym ^walas, was host. As soon as
|
the four numayms were in the house of Nanagwas (III 1),— the name
|
of the house was WadoltsEm, — || they poured the viburnum-berries 95
into the house-dishes, two boxes into each house-dish. And two
|
of them were not used. Then one box of oil was taken and
I |
poured on the dishes of viburnum-berries; and after this was done,
|
they gave the double-headed serpent house-dish to the numaym
||
G'exsEm, and they gave the wolf house-dish to the numaym
| 500
g-axaa^lase Nanagwase LE^wis gEnEme WawalaxElag-i^lakwe oxLa- 80
laxa Llaqwa, yix DEntlalajaiwe. Wii, la^Lae ElxLa-ye ompas Naiux-
gwase ylx Sesaxalase, yalaqulases baxuyalayuwe yalax"LEnaxs
g-axae hociiints lesEla laxa iJEma^isas -memkumlise. Wii, hVlae
hox^walExs lax ya^yatslas Nanagwase. Wa, gil-'Em^lawise ^wllxs
laxes ya^yatslaxs g'axae ^wFla sEp!ede yae-'yats !as. Wii, la^me 85
nii^nakweda Niik!wax'da-xwe laxes g'okttlase Teguxsta^ye. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^hxwise Niinagwase ^nex' cja^'s k!welas^Idesa L!e^na LE^wa
tiElse Laxes g-okiilota Niiklwax'da^xwe. Wii, g'lPEm^lawise xa^ma-
sExs laa^l iinex^Ide ^iiE^memotas Niinagwasaxa lEqwa qa klwelasdE-
mas. Wii, L¥lae gwtila iineqiixa lEqwiixs laa-'l ^nax'^'Idxa gaaliixs 90
laa-"l Le^liilasE-'weda mosgEmakluse ^uiiFnE^memasaxa G^exsEine,
LE^wa SlslnL!ae, LE^wa TsetsEineleqala LE^wa TEmltEmlElse, qaxs
he^mae Le^'lale g-igama-'yasa ^nE^memotasa ^wiilase, yix Niinagwase.
Wii, g iPEm-iilwise g-ax ^vi-laeLeda mosgEmakluse ^niib'nE-'mema lax
g-6kwas Niinagwase, yixs Legadae g-okwases ^wadoltsEme hia^'lase 95
guxts!alayuweda tiElse liixa mEwexLa loElqulIla maema^EXLa^lae
kMimyaxLa guxtsloyo laxa ^uah'nEmexLa loElqiillla. Wii, ma^ltsEUi-
Maeda k'lese Liabala. Wii, hVlnc iix^etsE^'weda ^nEmsgEine dEn-
gwatsle Lle^na, qa's lii k!unqEyindalay6 lax lEx"ts!ala tlElsa. Wii,
g-i^Em^lawise gwaJExs laa^l k-ax-^Itsa sTsEyuLe loqiihl laxa ^nE^me- 500
motasa G'exsEme. Wii, la^lae k'ax'^Itsa fiLanEme loqvilil laxa ^UE-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 16
1026 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 33
1 Sisini. !e^, and tlic\' gave the seal house-dish to the TsetsEineleqShi,
|
and they gave the Dzonoqlwa house-dish to the numaymTEmhEm-
|
IeIs; and after the house-dishes had been put down, they took
|
tlie small dishes, put into them viburnum-berries from the remaining ll
5 two boxes of viburnum-])erries, and they placed these in front of the
|
people of low rank. When everything was distributed, they took
the boxes of oil and put them down next to the door. Tlien they
|
I
gave one box of oil to the holder of the first seat of each nuniaym;
|
10 and when this had been given out, they II divided the rest of the oil
among the people of low rank. After everything had been distrib-
|
uted, the numaym of Nanagwas (III 1) sang, and the sister of
|
Nanagwas (III 1), l laqwag'ilayugwa (III 2), danced. Now the|
name of her who had been l laqwag' ilayugwa (III 2) was MEhias
(III 2) and Nanagwas (III 1) also changed his name, and his name; I
15 was ^maxtiyahdze (III 1). After he had given his feast, heII
|
showed the copper Causing-Quarrels, and he asked some of the
|
chiefs of the four numayms to buy it. Then LElak'Enx'^id, chief of
|
the numaym TsetsEmeleqala, bought the copper Causing-Quarrels
|
20 for four slaves, eighty || skin blankets, two hundred and forty cedar-
bark blankets, and four large canoes. It was double what had
| |
been paid by Kwax" ilanokume^ (II 7) when he bought the copper for
1 ^memotasa SislnLlae. Wa, la^lae k"ax"^Itsa megwate l5qfilll laxa
TsetsEmeleqala. Wii, hVlae k'ax'^itsa dzonoqlwa ioqulil laxa 'nE-
^memotasa TEmltEmlEls. Wa, gipEm^lawise ^wilg-alileda loElqiill-
laxs laa^l ax^etsE^weda l6q!wa, qa^s tsetsIalasE^wesa tlEJse g'ayol
5 laxa ma^tsEme kMlmyaxLa tiElsa, qa^s la k"ax'dzamolIlEm laxa bE-
gfllida^ye. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wilxtoxs laa^l ax^etsE^weda dedEn-
gwats!e Lle^na, qa*s g'axe ^mEx^alilEm lax max"stalllasa tiEx'ila.
Wa, la k'ax'^idayoweda ^nal'nEmsgEme dEngwats!e L!e-na lax LeLaxfl-
^ma^yasa ^naPuE^memase. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wilxtoxs laa^l tsetsE-
10 x"s^alasE^weda waokwe qa loqidasa bEgulida^ye. Wa, g'il^Em-lawise
^wiixtoxs laa^l dEnx^ide ^uE^memotas Niinagwase. Wii, heEm^lawis
la yLx^widaats wiiqlwas Nanagwase Llaqwag'ilayugwa. Wii, laEm
LlayoxLiixes LegEme L!iiqwag"ilaj'ugwa. LaEm^ae LegadEs MElnase.
Wii, lasm^laxaiiwise LlayoxLiiye Niinagwase. Wii, laEm^lae LegadEs
15 ^miixiiyalidze. Wii, laEm^lae gwal laxes k!welats!ena^yaxs laa^I
nelElilasa L!aqwa, yix Dfintlalayo. Wii, laEm^lae q !6sas hix g'lg'E-
gama^yasa mosgEmakluse ^naFnE^memasa. Wii, he^latla LElak'En-
x''Ide g'lgiima^yasa ^nE^memotasa TsetsEmeleqiila k'lLx-wIdxa Llaqwa
DEnt!illayuwasa mokwe q!fiq!Ek"owa; he^misa ma^lgunaltsokwe
20 q!iiq!En6l ^naEnx'flna^ya; he^misa ham5x"s6k'ala tsIets'.EX'as k'loba-
wasa; wii, he^misa motslaqe iiwil xwiixwaklflna. Wii, laEm ^wPla la
pak'ile k"ilwayS,s Kwax"ilanokiima'yaxa Llaqwa qaes nEgilmpe
BOAS] FAMILY HiSTOEIES 1027
his son-in-law Nanagwas (III 1 ), wlioso name was now ^niAxtiyalidze 23|
(III 1). He gave all the four slaves to the holders of the first seat|
in each of the numayms. || He gave one slave to the holder of the 25|
first seat of the G'exsEm, another one to the holder of the first seat
|
of the SisinL!e', one slave to the holder of the fu-st seat of the
|
TsetsEmeleqala, and another slave to the holder of the first seat of
|
the TEinltEmlEls; and || he gave in addition to the slave a large canoe 30
to each, for he gave the canoe to the same men to whom he had
|
given the slaves. After he had given away the slaves and canoes
|
|
to the holders of the first seats, ^maxuyalidze (III 1) took the eighty
|
sewed blankets and gave them away to the chiefs of second rank and
their children; || and after doing so, he took the two hundred and 35|
forty cedar-bark blankets and gave them away to the people of lower
rank. After these had been given away, the guests went out of the
|
house. This is another kind of great feast, which is called "giving
I
away at the time of the great feast." This was done by ^maxiiyali-
|
dze (III 1). Very few give this kind || of feast, although they may 40
be head chiefs of all the tribes.
|
It was not long before WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6) had a daughter
|
(IV 3) ; and immediately Kwax"ilanokunie^ (II 7) went to give as a
|
marriage gift fifty blankets and a hundred cedar-bark blankets to
|
^maxuyahdze (III 1), and also the name LlalEyig'ilis (IV 3) for the
Nanagwase yixa la LegadEs ^maxuyalidze. Wa, laEm^lae yax^wld 23
^wFlasa mokwe q!aq!Elf6 lax LCLfixuma^yasa mosgEmakluse ^nal^nE-
^memasa. Wa, laEm^lae ^nal^nEmokwa q!ak"6 la yaq!wemasa 25
'^nal^nEmokwe Laxumesa G'exsEme. Wii, la^lae ^uEmox" qiak'owe
yaqlwemas Laxuma^yasa SlslnLla^ye. Wa, la-lae ^nEmox" qIak'owe
yaq!wemas Laxuma^yasa TsetsEmeleqala. Wa, la^lae ^nEmox"
q!akowe yaqiwemasa Laxiima^yasa TEmltEmlElse. Wii, la^lae
yaq Iweg'indayuweda ^nEmts !aqe Swa xwak!una laxa qiak'owe, qaxs 30
he^maa^laxat ! yaq!watsa xwaxwakliine yagwadEsa q!aq!Ek'owe.
Wii, gil^Em^lawise gwal yaqwasa q!aq!Ek"owe LE'wa xwaxwak!unaxs
laxa LeLaxuma^yaxs laa^l Sx^edxae ^'maxuyalidziixa ma^giinaltsokwe
qIaqlEnol ^naEnx^iina^ya, qa^s yax^wides laxa g'lg'igEle LE^wis sasE-
me. Wa, g'ipEm^awise gwal yaqwasexs laa^l ax^edxa hamox"so- 35
k'ala k"!ek'!obawasa, qa^s yax^wides laxa bEgullda^ye. Wii, g'il-
^Em^lawise gwal yiiqwaxs laa^l ^wl^la hoqiiwElseda klwelde. Wii,
heEm ogfiqala ^walas kiwelase, yLxs he^mae LegadEs yiiqwagllila
^walas kiwelase, gwex'^idaasas ^mflxiiyalidze. Wii, lit holale he gwe-
x"^itsa wiix'^me wulgEme g'lgamesa ^naxwiix lelqwalaLa^ya. 40
Wii, klestia giilaxs laa^l xungwadEx'^ide WiiwalaxElag'i^lakwasa
tsIiitsladagEme. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Kwax'ilanokuma^ya la
wawalqiilasa lastowe p!ElxElasgEm LE^wa liikMEnde k'lobawas lax
^maxtiyalidze; wii, he^misa LegEme LlixlEyig'ilise; qa LegEmsa ts!a-
1028 ETHlSrOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |eth. ann. 36
45 name of the daughter of WawahixEhigi^ak" (III|| 6). Then
|
^maxiiyalidze (III 1) gave away the blankets to the four numayms of
theNaklwax'da^x", andhenamedhisdaughter LlalEjdg'ilis (IV3).
|
|
It was not long before WfiwalaxElagi^lak" (III 6) gave l)irth to a boy
(IV 4), and Kwaxilanokume^ (11 7) agam gave a marriage gift of
I
50 fifty blankets to his son-in-law ^maxQyalidze (III 1), and alsoII |
fifty cedar-bark blankets; and he gave as a marriage gift the name
|
Wawalk'ine for the boy, but his true name was LelElgEiulilas
(IV 4). Two names were given in marriage by Kwaxilanokiime^
I
(II 7) — the child's name Wawalk'ine, and tlie true name ||
I
55 LelElgEinlilas [ = Place of dead faces in house] (IV 4).)
|
I forgot that Kwaxilanokume^ (II 7) did the same for the first|
child of WawalaxElag'i'lak", LlaJEyig'ilis (IV
— 3);
for he gave two
|
names as a marriage gift the child's name WadEuialaga (IV| 3),
and the true name LlalEyig'ihs (IV 3). II
60 Now ^maxuyalidze (III 1) gave away tlie fifty blankets and the|
fifty cedar-l)ark blankets to the G'exsEm,SlsinL!e^, TsetsEmeleqala,|
and TEmltEmlEls; and he let his son, Wawalk'ine (IV 3) accord-|
ing to his child name, and wliose true name was LelElgEmlilas
|
65 (IV 3), dance. Now WawalaxElagi^lak" (III 6) || and her husband
^maxuyahdze (III 1) had two children. Then WawalaxElag'i^ak"
(III 6) told her husband ^maxuyalidze (III 1) to go and marry the
I
45 tsIadagEme, xunox"s WawalaxElag'i^'lakwe. Wii, laEm^Iae ^maxuya-
lidze p'.Es^ets laxa mosgEmak!use ^nal^nF/mcmatsa Nak!wax"da^xwe.
Wa, laEm Leqe^layunux'^s faxes tslEdacjlEdza-'ye LlrdEyigilise. Wii,
k'!est!a galaxs laa-'l et!ed mayoPide WawalaxElag'iMakwasa babagii-
me. Wii, laEm^laxaawise Kwax'ilanokilma-ye wilwalciiilasa sEk"!a-
50 x'sokwe pIslxElasgEm liixes uEgiimpe ^miixuyalidze; wii, he^misa
sEk" !iix'sokwe k' lobawasa. Wit, la^laxae LegEmg'ElxLalaxa LegEme
Wawalk'ina^3'e, qa LegEmsa babagiime. Wii, lil^lae illaxLiiiax Le-
lElgEmlllase. Wii, ma-'ltsEme LegEmg'ElxLa^yas Kwax'ihinolvu-
ma^ye LE^wa g^lnlEXLayowe Wawalkina^ye LE^wa alaxLayowe
55 LelElgEmlilase.
HexoLEn LlElewesoxs he^maaxat! gwex'^Ide Kwax'ilanokttma^ye,
qa g"ale xiinox"s WiiwalaxEhig'i-hikwe, yix LliilEyig'ilise, ylxs
ma^ltsEmaaxac LegEmg'ElxLa-yas qa LegEms, yixs ginlEXLiilaax
WiidzEmalaga, wa, lit alaxLiilax LliilEyigilise.
60 Wii, laEm^laxae p lEs'Ide -'mfixiiyalidziis sEk' laxsokwc p lElxElasgEm
LE-wa sEk'lax'sokwe k'lobawas liixa GexsEme LE-wa SlsinL!a'ye,
LEHva TsetsEmeleqala, LE^wa TEmltEmlElse. Wa, laEm-'lae sena-
dEmnox"s Wiiwalk'ina^yexa ginlEXLiiye. Wii, lit ixlaxLiih^x LelEl-
gEmlilase. Wii, laEm^Iae ma^lokwe sasEmas WawalaxElag'i^lakwe
65 LE^wis hVwunEme ^maxilyalidze. Wa, laEm^liiwise WawalaxElagi-
^lakwe waxElaxes la^wQnEme ^mJixiiyalidze, qa las giigak" !ax k' !edehis
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1029
princess of Q !umx'od(II 8), the holder of the head seat of the numaym 67
|
Laahxx' s^Eiidayo of the Kwagul. The name of the princess of
|
Qliimx'od was Qlex'sesElas (III 7). Immediately ^maxuyaUdze
|
(ill 1) told his numaym the ^walas || that he wanted to have two 70
wives, and they agreed to what their chief said. In the morning,
|
when day came, they launched four large canoes to pay the mar-
|
riage money, and the whole numaym of the ^walas went aboard.
|
They arrived at Fort Rupert. It was the time when the first white
|
men had come there and were hving in tents. || Now they paid the 7.5
marriage money for Qlex'sesElas (III 7), the princess of Qlilmxod
(II 8). As soon as they had paid the marriage money, Qlumx'od
|
(II 8) gave a man-iage mat of one hundred blankets, which were to|
be the mat of his princess, because he did not want her to sit|
without a mat in the house of ^maxiiyalidze (III 1) when she was
going to sit down there; and he gave as a marriage gift the name for
|
dancer, Qwaxilal, and Qlumx'od, to be the name of ^maxu- ''^*'his ||
yaUdze (III 1). In the morning, when day came, ^maxuyaUdze
|
(III 1) and his crew loaded their canoes, and they went home with|
his second wife, Qlex'sesElas (III 7); and when they arrived at
|
Teguxste, he gave away a hundred blankets to the four numayms. ||
|
Then ^maxiiyahdze (III 1) changed the name of his princess 85|
LlalEyig'ihs (IV 3), and now her name was Qwaxilal (IV 3); and |
Qlumx'ode Laxiima^yasa ^uE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayowasa Kwii- 67
g'ule, yix Legadaa-lae k'ledelas Q!umx-odas Qlex'sesElase. Wa,
hex'^ida-'Ein-lawise ^maxiiyalidze nelaxes ^uE^memota 'walasaxs
ma'lelexsdaaxes gEgEUEme. Wa, li¥lae ^naxwa ex'^ak'Ex waldE- 70
mases g-igama^ye. Wii, gil^Em^lawise ^uax'^idxa gaalaxs laa-l wl-
^xstEndxa motslaqe awa xwaxwakluna, qa's qadzeLats!a. Wa, la-
«lae ^wi^la hoguxse ^uE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, g'ax^lae lax Tsaxise,
yixs he-'mae ales yaewapsEuiElsa g-alol g'ax manial'a. Wii, laEm^lae
qadzeHda lax Q'.ex'sesElase lax k'ledelas Qliimx'ode. Wii, g il- 75
^Em^lawise gwala qadzeLaxs liia^lae Q!umx'ode le^waxsElamatsa
lak'lEnde p!ElxElasgEm, qa le^weses k'ledele, qaxs gwaqlslaaq
wultalli lax g-okwas ^lulxuyalidze, qo lal k!wagallLes kledele laq.
Wii, he^mesa LegEmg'ElxLa^yas qa LegEms senatLase Qwax'ilale;
wa, he^mise Q!umx-ode qa LegEms ^maxiiyalidze. Wa, glh'Em^lavvise 80
^nax'^Idxa gaillaxs liiaH moxse ^milxuyalidzaxes yae^yats!e LE=wis
kiweme. Wa, laEm^ae na^nakwa leHvIs a^ile gEUEma, yix Q!ex--
sesElase. Wa, g-ipEm^liiwise lag-aa liix Tegiixsta^yaxs laa^l et!ed
plEs^Itsa lak'!Ende plElxElasgEm laxa mosgEmak'.use ^niil'nE^me-
masa. Wa, laEm^ae LliiyoxLaMae k-'.edelas ^maxuyalidze, yix 85
LlalEyig-ilise. Wii, laEui LegadEs Qwiix-ilale. Wa, laEm^Iaxaawise
1030 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
87 ^miixi'iyalidze (III 1) also changed his name. Now his name was
Qlumxod (III 1). It was not long before Q!ex'sesElas (III 7) had a
I
child, a boy. They went at once, and it was reported to Q!umx i-
|
90 lagihs (II 8) that his princess QlexsesElas (III 1) had a boy.|| |
Then Q liimx ilag' ihs (II 8) gave a marriage gift of fifty blankets to|
his son-in-law Q !umx' od (III 1 , and also the name for his grand-) |
son (IV 5), the child of Qlex'sesElas (III 7). Now, he gave as a|
marriage gift the name Amaxag'ila (IV 5) for the name of the boy. ||
95 Q!umxod (III 1) at once gave away the fifty blankets to the four|
numayms, and now his dancer was his child Amaxag'ila (IV 5).|
It was not long before Qlex'sesElas had another son (IV 6). Then |
|
Q !iimx ilag iUs (II 8) gave as a marriage-gift thirty-five blankets
600 to his son-in-law Qliimxod (III 1), and also a name for his grand-II
son, and he gave as a marriage-gift the name Omag'His (IV 6). |
I
Q!iimxod (III 1) gave away the thirty-five blankets to his numaym|
the nvrdas, and his youngest child, Omagihs (IV 6), danced. Then|
5 Q !umx' ilag ihs (II S) was annoyed by || what had been done by his
son-in-law Q!umx'od (III 1), because he had given away tlie
blankets to his own numaym the ^walas, for that implied that| |
Qlumxod (III 1) thought the thirty-five blankets given as a mar-
riage present to his son-in-law had not been enough. Therefore|
87 LlayoxLaye ^raaxGyalidze. Wa, laEm^lae i.egadEs Qlilmx-ode. Wa,
k'!esMat!a galaxs laa^l xungwadEx-'Ide Qlex'sesElasasa babagtime.
Wa, hex-MdixEm'^lawise la q!alag-ilasE^we Q!urax-ilag-ilisases k-'.e-
90 dele Q!ex'sesElasaxs lE'mae xungwatsa babagiime. Wa, hex'H-
daEm^lawise Qliimxilagilise la wawalc[alasa sEk' lax'sokwe p!e1xe-
lasgEm laxes uEgumpe Q!umx-6de; wa, he-'misa LegEme qa LegEm-
ses ts!5x"LEma, yix xun5k\vas Qlex'sesElase. Wa, laEmHae
LegEmg'ElxLalax Amax"ag'ila qa LegEmsa babagume. Wa, hex'^ida-
95 Eni^awise Q!umx'6de plES-'etsa sek'lax'sokwe plElxElasgEm laxa
moso-Emakluse ^nal-nE^memasa. Wii, laEmHae heEm senate Ama-
x'af'ilaxes xunokwe. Wa, k'!es4at!a galaxs laa^l et!ed x&ngwade
Q!ex'sesElasasa babagume. Wa, hex'-idaEm^liiwise Qliimx-ilagilise
W\ wawalqalasa mamox"sokulasa ssk' !a p !ElxElasgEm laxes nE-
600 o-iimpe Q!iimx-ode; wa, he^misa_ LegEme qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma.
Wa laEni-'Uie LegEmg-ElxLiilax Omag-llise. Wa, hex-^IdaEm-'laxaa-
wise Q'.umx'ode plEs^Itsa mamox"sokulasa sEk'la pIslxElasgEm
laxes ^nE^memota ^walase. Wa, laEm heEm senatses ale xQnokwe
Omac'ilise. Wa, laEui^lae ^yax'sEme naqa-'yas Qlumx'ilag ifise qa
5 o-wex'^idaasases nEgiimpe Qlumx^ode, qaxs lae he plEsasE^wes
^uE^memota ^walase, ylxs ^nEmaxisae QIQmx'ode lo^ k'lotaxa
^mamox"sokulasa sEk"!a plElxElasojEm wawalqiilayos laxes nEgQmpe.
Wii he^rais max'tsIolEms Q!i1mx ilag illse lagilas wataxodxes
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 1031
Qlumx'ilag ilis (II 8) was ashamed, and took away his princess
|
Q!ex'sesElas (III 7), and she went home with her two || children, 10
Amax'ag'ila (IV 5) and his younger brother Omagihs (IV 6).
Qlumxod (III 1) did not say anything about the doings of his wife.|
Then his head wife, WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6), spoke fu-st, and|
|
said, "Don't let your father-in-law Qlumx'ilag ilis (II 8) make you
ridiculous by what he has done with your former wife.
| Go and
marry the princess of the || chief of the great numaym G'exsEmx- 15
sanal of the Koskimo, Tlagwisilajnigwa (III
| 8), the princess of
Qwaxila (II 9), for he has many privileges and names." Thus she
|
said. QWmx'od (III 1) agreed at once to what his wife WawalaxE-|
lagi^lak" (III 6) had said. Then he said they would call his
|
numaym ^walas. || His wife told him to go ahead, and Qlumxod 20
(III 1) himself called his numaym the ^walas. At once they aU
|
|
came into his house; and when tliey were in, Q!funx'od (III 1) told
|
them what his wife had said, that she wished him to go and marry
|
T lagwisilayugwa (III 8), the princess of Qwax'ila (II 9), the chief of
the great numaym G' exsEmx' sanalII of the Koskimo. Thus he 25
said. Immediately the whole numaym agreed to what he said.
I
|
Then one of his numaym said, "Let us treat our
| chief Qlflmx'od
(III 1) hke a chief, and let us help him, and give hun property
| to pay
the marriage money!" After he had said so, || he went out of the 30
kMedele Qlex'sesElase. Wa, g'ax^Em^lae na^nak" LE^wis maHokwe
sasEma, yix Amax"ag'ila le^wis tsla^ye Omag'ilise. Wa, k!eas^El 10
waldEms Qlumx'ode qa gwex'^idaasases gEUEmx'de. Wa, la^axae
heEm g-il yaqlEg'a^le gEkimalllase WawalaxElag'i^lakwe. Wa, la-
^lae ^nek'a: "Gwala aEmlalayos nEgiimpae Q!umxilagilisa qaes
gwex'^idaasaxes gEUEmx'daos qa^s lalag'aos gagakMax k'ledeias
g'igjima^yasa ^walase ^nE^memotaxa G"exsEmx'sanalasa Gosg'imoxwe 15
lax T lagwisilayugwa k'ledelas Qwax'ila, qaxs ogiiqalaes k'!ek'!E-
s^owe LE^wis LeLEgEme," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawise Qlum-
x'ode ex'^ak'Ex waldEmases gEUEme Wawalaxalag'i^lakwe. Wa,
laEm^lae ^nex* qa^s Leltslodexes ^nE^memota ^walase. Wa, hex^'i-
daEm^lawise gEUEmas waxaq. Wa, xamagilll'^Em^lawise Qlumx'ode 20
la Le^lalaxes ^nE^memota ^walase. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise g'ax ^wPla
hogwiLa lax g'okwas. Wa, glb'Em^lawise g-ax ^wi^laeLExs laa^l
nele Q!umx'5das waldEmases gEiiEme laxes ^nek" !ena^ye, qa las -
gagak'Iax T lagwisilayugwa lax kMedelas Qwax'ila, g'lgama^yasa
^wfdase ^nE^memotasa G'exsEmx'sanalasa Gosg'imoxwe, ^nex'^lae. 25
Wa, hex'^idaEm-'lawise ^naxwa ex'-'ak'g ^nE^memotasex wtildEmas.
Wii, la'lae yaqlEg'a^le g'ayole lalax ^uEmemotas: "Weg'adzax'Ins
g'ag'exsilaxEns g'lgama^yex laxox Q!umx odex, qEns wiig'i g'ox^-
wldEq" qEns plEdzeLalag'iq", qa qadzeLayosox," ^nex'^laexs laaM
lawElsa lax g'okwas Qlumx'ode. Wilax^dze-lae galaxs g'axae ae- 30
1032 ETHNOLOOV OF THK KWAKIUTL Ieth. ANN. ?s
30 house of Q Iiimx' od (III 1) ; and he did not staj- away long before he I
came in again, carrying a pair of blankets, which he gave out of
kindness to his chief Q!umx od (III 1). Then all the men did|
|
the same as had been done by him, for tlicy wanted the fatlier-in-|
law of Qliirnxod (III 1), Q!umx ilag ihs (II 8), to know about it and
35 to feel sore because lie had taken away his princess Qlex'sesElasli
(III 7) . Then Q !umx ilagilis (II 8) was really ashamed when he|
knew that his son-m-law Qlumx'od (III 1) had said that he did not
|
want to sec his children. After they had finished speaking, they went|
out; and at daylight, in the morning, those who were to pay the nuir-
|
'10 riage money for T lagwisilayugwa (III 8), the princess of Qwax'ilaII
(II 9), started, for the village of the Koskimo was at NatslEnxdEm.|
The Nak !wax' da-x" went around Cape Scott, using four large|
traveling-canoes. It took them two days. Then they arrived at
|
the village of the Koskimo, NatslEnxdEm. Immediately when|
45 they arrived, they paid the marriage money; and after they had||
paid the marriage money, Qwax'ila (II 9) stood up outside of his|
long house, carrying ten sea-otter skins. He turned his face|
toward the house, and called his princess T lagwisilayugwa (III 8)|
to come and stand by his side; and when she was standing by his|
50 side, he put down the ten sea-otter skins in his prmcess|| front of
T lagwisilayugwa (III 8). Then he turned toward the Na-|
k!wax'da«x", who had paid the marriage price, and who were sitting 1
31 daaqa IslqElaxa ^nEmxsa plElxElasgEma, qa^s eaxk' lEg-a^les laxes
gugama-'ye Q!umx'ode. Wa, hVlae ^naxwaEm^El hayeg-aya ^naxwa
bebEgwanEmx gwex'^idaasas, qaxs tslatslelvvaae, cja liis q!ii]e ue-
gumpdas Q!umx-ode, yix Qliimx-ilagilise, qa ts!ix-iles naqa-yasqaes
35 laena-'ye wataxodxes k'ledele Q!ex-sesEiase. Wa, ahiEm^lawise
niax'tsle Qliimxilagllise, qaxs laaH q!alax waldEmases uEgCimpde
Q!umxodaxs, -nek-aaxs k'lesae la etjed la ax^exsdxes sasEme-
Wii, gil^Era^lawise gwale waldEmas, Ifur'l hoqiiwElsa. Wa, g-ih'Em.
'lawise ^nax^^idxa gaalaxs laa'l alex^wideda qadzeLaLax T'.agwisila-
40 yugwa lax k- !edelas Qwax-ila yixs haaEl g'okulatsa (josg-imoxwe
Nats!EnxdEme. Wii, laEm^ae ewaxsdex Ts!eqoma^ya Naklwax"-
da'^xwe yayasElaxa motslaqe awfi, xwaxwakluna. Wii, aEm-'la-
wise xa^m5yoxs laa^l lag'aa lax g'okiilasasa Gosgimoxwe lax
Nats!EnxdEme. Wii, hex'^idaEm^awise qadzel^ida, yixs laa=l lag-aa,
45 wa, giPEm^lawise gwiila qiidzeLaxs g-axaalas Qwaxila Lax-wEls
lax LlasamVyases g'lldel gokwa diilaxa lastowe q!asa. Wa,
la^lae gwegEmx'^Id laxes g-okwe, qa-'s Le^alexes kMedeie T lagwi-
silayugwa, qa g" sixes Lii^vEnots!elasEq. Wii, g-il'Em^lawise g-axe
k' ledeias LiiwEnots!Elsaqexs liia4 mogwaElsaxa lastowe qliisa lax
50 uEqEmiilasases k-!edele T lagwisilayugwa. Wii, la^lae gwegEmx-^id
laxa qadzeLELElaxa Naklwaxcla'xwaxs he^mae ales k'.udzExsiila
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1033
in their canoes. Then he spoke, and said, "Now, Chief Qlunix'od
| 53
(III 1), look at your wife! Now she will go to| you, son-in-law
Q!umx'6d (III 1), and these ten [canoe-mat] || sea-otter skins, and the 55
sea-lion house-dish, and the sea-otter house-dish
( to eat out of,
and tlie whale house-dish to eat out of, and the sea-monster house-
|
dish to eat out of in your house, son-in-law Q!fimx"6d (III 1); and|
your princess' name shall be Doxulkwi^lak"
) (IV 3) ; and your name
shall be || Walalag i^ak" (III 1), son-in-law Q!umx6d (III' 1). Tliat 60
is all," he said. Then he spoke again, and said, "Now, come and
|
I
warm yourselves in my house, son-in-law, and your tribe!" Thus
|
he said. At once the Nak !wax' da^x" went ashore out of their
|
canoes, and they went into the house of Qwax'ila (II 9). || Immedi- 65
ately he gave them to eat; and after they had finished, Qwax'ila
|
(II 9) spoke, and said, "O son-in-law Q!umxod (III 1), listen to|
me! Your wife wants this house to go to you.
| Its name is
L!exL!exagEm (Aurora-Face). And also what is in it, the nonlEm
|
and the mosquito-dance will go to you, son-in-law; and || its name, 70
G ixg'acjElagilis, and the land-otter dance and its name IlawalE-
|
lalEine^, and the scattering-dance and its name X'its!ax ilasogwi-
|
^lax", and the grizzly bear and its name Nandze ; and that
) is all,
son-in-law Q!umxod (III 1)." Then Q!timx-5d (III 1) reaUy
|
laxes yae^yats!e. Wa, LVlae yaq!Eg'a*la. Wa, l<¥lae ^nek'a: "We- 52
g"a, doqwalax gugame^ Qliimx'oda laxg'as gEnEmg'os. Wa, laEm-
xaak' lal lol, nEgump Q!umx'6da, Logwa lastok" le^waxsesEk"
q!asa, Logwa ha^maats!ak" L!exEnk" loqiillla, Logwa q!asak' ha- 55
^maats!ak' locjullla, L5gwa gwE^yimk' ha^maats!ak" loqiiliia, Logwa
hanaq!Ets!ak' ha^maats!ak" ioqiilila, qaha^maatsiEl laxes g'oxwaSs,
iiEgiimp Q!umx'oda. Wii, he^misa LegEme qa LegEmltses k'!ede-
laos. La^me LegadElts Doxulkwi^lakwe. Wa, la^mets LegadElts
Walalag'i^akwe, nEgump Q!umx'oda. Wa, laEin ^wFla laxeq," 60
^nex'^lae. Wa, hVlae edzaqwa yaq!Eg-a%. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:'
"Wa, gelag'a tElts!a laxg'in goxwik', nEgump, le^wos g'okwaota-
qos," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise -wFla hox^wiiltaweda Na-
k!wax^da^xwe laxes yae^yatsie, qa^s la hogwiL lax g'okwas Qwax'iUi.
Wa, liex'-'idaEmHawise yinesasE^wa. Wa, giPEm^awise gwala laa^lase 65
Qwax'ila yaq!Eg-a^la. Wa, la^lae-nek'a: "^ya, nEgiimp Q!umx'6da,
waEutsos hoLela g'axEH. Ax^exsdaox gEnEmaqos, qa laeso g'o-
xwex laolxwo Legadiixs L!exL!exagEm. Wa, he^mlso g'aelex laq"xo
nonlEmex, la^mosox lal laol, nEgumpxo q!Eq!elElalex; wa, he^mds
LegEmltsoxwe GixgaqElag'ilise; he-mes6 hawalElale; wa, he^mos 70
LegEmltsoxwe HawalElalEma-ye ; he^meso gwelgwelawate; wit,
he^mosa LegEmltsoxwe X-Its!axilasogwi^laxwe; he^meso nanx; wa,
iie^mos LegEmltsoxwe Nandze. Wii, lawisLa ^wFla, iiEgump
Q!unLX'6dii." Wii, laEm^lae alakMala mo^le Qlilmx'odiis, qaxs
1 The lollowing speeches are in the Koskimo dialect.
1034 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 3S
75 thanked him. || This was the first nonlEni. It is different from the
dances of tlie Nak !wax' da^x", and came from the Koskimo. It was
|
obtained through marriage byQ'umx'od (III 1) from Qwax'ila (II
| 9).
Then they spoke secretly to the Nak!waxda^x" about the nonlEm
|
and the other dances, for none of them knew how they were used by|
80 the Koskimo. Then Q!umx'od (III 1) told || his wife T!agwisilayugwa
(III 8) what his tribe said, and immediately T lagwisilayugwa (III| 8)
told her father Qwax'ila (II 9). Therefore Qwaxila (II 9) called
|
the Koskimo into his house; and when they were all inside,|
Qwax'ila (II 9) arose and spoke. He said, "Now look, son-in-law|
85 Qlumx'od (III 1) ! Now all the Koskimo have come in to takeII care
of the supernatural power of the nonlEm. Now lock at it,
I
Naklwax'da^x"!" Thus he said. Then the sound of whisthng
|
appeared on the roof of the house. He had not spoken a long time|
before he stopped. Then the nephew of Qlumx'od (III 1) and
|
90 three others disappeared. The name of the nephew of || Qlumx'od
was K' lesoj^ak' ilis ' (IV 10); and when they had all disappeared, the|
Koskimo sang the four songs of the nonlEm. They stayed awa}^ for
|
four days. Then they caught K' lesoyak'ilis (IV 10) and the other|
three. K' lesoj-ak' ilis (IV 10) was now Mosquito-Dancer, and
| ||
95 G' ixg' aqElag' ilis was his name now. Another one was Land-Otter-
Dancer, and his name was HawtilElalEme^. He was a substitute
I
75 he^'mae ales g'U laLa nonlEme, LE^we oguqala lelaedEs laxa
Naklwax'da^xwe, g-ax'^id laxa Gosg'imoxwe. Wa, laEm gEg-ada-
uEme Q!Qmx"odaq lax Qwax'ila. Wa, la-lae wunwunosa qleqlEj-oda
Niiklwax'da^xwasa nonlEme LE^wis lelaaide, qaxs k' lesae q laLElax
gwayi^lalasasa Gosgimoxwaxs aaxsilaaq. Wa, la^lae nele Q'.iimx'o-
80 daxes gEUEme T !agwisilayugwas waldEmases g'okiilote. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^lawise nelii T!agwisilayugwaxes ompe Qwax'ila, lag'italas
Lcltslode Qwax'ilaxa Gosg'imoxwe qa g-axes ^wFlaeLEla lax g'okwas.
Wa, g'U^Em^lawise g'ax ^wIlaeLExs laa^l i-ax^ullle Qwaxila, qa^s
yacjlEg'a^e, qa^s ^neke: '' Widag"a doqwahiLEx, nEgump Q!umx'oda,
85 g'ax^Emxaax" 'wPlaeLalg'a Gosg'imoxwiik' nanawax"silalxw6 ^na-
walaxwaxs nonlEmii. Walag'iLa doqwahxLEx Naklwax'da^xwa,"
^nex'-laexs g-axaase tsokwasa dzets!ala lax ogwasasa gokwe. K"!es-
^latle alaEm gedzaqwaxs laa4 q!weHeda. Wii, laEm^ae x'is^ede
Lole^yas Qlumx'ode, he^misa yudukwe ogiVla laq. Hbeu^eI Lole^s
90 Qlumx'odeda Legadiis K' lesoyakilise. Wii, g'lFEm^iiwise ^naxwa
x"ls^edExs liia^l dEnx^idayuweda mSsgEme nonlEmk" !ala q lEmq lEm-
dEma, yisa Gosg'imoxwe. Wa, la^lae mop lEuxwa^'se ^naliisa x'isaliixs
laaH k'imyasE^wa yix K'lesoyakllise LE-wa ogii-la hiq, xa yudukwe.
Wa, laEm^ae q!Eq!elElale K'lesoyak'ilise. Wa, laEm^Iae LegadEs
95 G'ixg'aqElag'ilise. Wii, UVlae hawiilElala ^nEmokwe. Wii, hVlae
LegadEs HawalElalEma^ye. Wa, laEm^lae niEx^stale LelElgEmlilasa-
1 See p. 1075.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1035
for LelElgEinlllas (IV 4), who was to be Land-Otter-Dancer, for 97|
this is a great dance. The hxnd-otter dance is the same in the nonlEm
as the hamatsia is in the winter dance, and therefore QWmx'od
|
I
(III 1) wished his son LelElgEmlilas (IV 4) |1 to he Land-Otter- 700
Dancer, because he had stayed at home with his mo ther WawalaxElag' i-
^lak" (III 6). Therefore he had to have a substitute; and a substi-
I
tute also danced the scattering-dance for the daughter of Q!umxod,
|
Qwaxihxl (IV 3). The name of the dancer was X'lts.'ax ilasogwi-
4ax". Tlie scattering-dancer is the same in the nonlEm as the
|
I
mamacj !a is in the winter dance, for it is ta'ken care of by chiefs of
high rank. Therefore Qliimx'od
|| (III 1) wished his princess to 5
have this dance. Another one was grizzly-bear dancer, and his
|
name was Nandze; and the name given by Qwax'ila (II 9) in mar-
|
riage to Qliimx'od (III 1) was LlalEWElsEla (III 1) for the noniEui.
|
Qwax'ila (II 9) also gave a second name to Qliimx'od (III 1) for the|
secular season, Walalag' i4ak" (III 1), and also the nonlEm namell
LlalEWElsEla (III 1). The shredded ceihxr-bark of the head-ring 10
|
and neck-ring of the dancers and of all the Koskimo is white, when
|
they are initiated by the supernatural power of the nonlEm. For
four days they wore cedar-bark on their heads; and after four
I |
days they put it off. Qwax'ila (II 9) also|| gave as a marriage gift 15
many dentalia and cedai--bark blankets to his son-in-law Qliimx'od
|
(III 1). LlalEWElsEla (III 1) gave these away to the Koskimo.|
|
xa la hawalElala, qaxs ^walasae Ifida, ylxs ^nEmax-Isae LE^wa 97
hamatsia laxa tsletsleqaxa hawalElale laxa nonlEme. Wa, lie^mis
lag'ilas Qliimx'ode ^nex" qa heses bEgwauEme xunokwe LelElgEmlllase
hawalElala, cjaxs amlexwae LE^wis abEmpe WawalaxElagi^akwe, 700
lag^i^las mEx"stale. Wa, laxae msx^sta^ya gwelgwelawatas tslEdaqe
xilnox"s Qlumx'ode, ylx Qwax'ilale, ylxs Legadaas X'ltslaxilaso-
gwi'lakwe. Wa, laEmxae ^nEmax'lsa gwelgwelawate laxa nonlEme
LE^wa mamaqla laxa tsletsleqa, ylxs awilax'silakwae, lagiias Qliim-
x'ode ^nex' qa heses k'ledele Qwaxllale ladEnux". Wa, lii nana 5
^nEmokwe; wa, laEm^lae LegadEs Nandze. Wii, la^lae LegEmg'ElxLa-
laxae Qwax'ilax LlalEWElsEla qa LegEms Qltimxode laxa nonlEme,
ylxs laa^l ma^ltsEme LegEmg'ElxLa^yas Qwax'ila l6' Walalagi^lakwe
qa LegEms Qlumx'ode laxa baxiise. Wii, he^mises nonlEmxLayowe,
LlalEWElsEla. Wa, laEin^lae qwax"sa ylxa k'adzEkwe, ylx qExl- 10
ma^yas LE^wis qEnxawa^ya yaexwa, LE^wa ^naxwa Gosg'imoxwaxs
g'alae lasgEmsa ^nawalakwasa nonlEme. Wa, la^lae moplEnxwa^se
^naliis qeqEX'imalaxa k'iidzEkwe. Wa, hex'^ida^mese gwal qeqEx'i-
malaxa k'adzEkwaxs laa^l mdplEuxwa^se ^nalas, wa, laEm a^me
Qwax'ila wawalqalasa qlenEme aLEla LE^wa k'lek'lobawase laxes 15
nEgfimpe Qliimx'ode. Wa, he^mis la plEsedayowe LlalEWElsElaxa
Gosg'imoxwe.
1036 KTHNOLOGY OK THE KVVAI^R'TL [etii. ANN. 3f.
Now for a while, we shall stop calling him Qlumxod (III 1),
20 because he is using the nonlEm name LliilEWElsEla (III 1). II After
|
the nonlEm was over, Qlumx'od (III 1) for a time stopped having the
name LlalEWElsEla (III 1); for only when one of his people showed|
the nonlEm was he called l lalEWElsEla (III 1), in the same way as is|
done in the winter dance; for they change their names when the|
winter dance begins, and they do the same with the nonlEm. Then|
25 they change their names, and take the nonlEm names; and || the
names of the men who gave the nonlEm were l lalEWElsEla, Q !exe-
taso^, GwiVyolElas, and NEg'Ji, because, that 3^ou may know that the
I
names of the winter dance, of the n5nlEm, and of the secular season
|
are quite (Ufferent. I just wanted to talk about this.|
|
Now, in the morning, dayhght came; and Qlumx'od (III 1), and
30 liis wife T lagwisUayugwa (III 8), and the Naklwax'da^x", made
II
ready to go home. When they arrived at Tegiixste in the evening,
| |
Qlumx'od (III 1) asked his wife T lagwisilayugwa (III 8) for what|
he was thinking of. He wished his princess Qwax'ilal (IV 3) and
|
35 his prince LelElgEmlilas (IV 4) to disappear, because II he wautetl to
give a nonlEm; and his wife T iagwisUaj-ugwa (III S) told him to go
ahead. After they had finished talking, they left their canoe and
| |
went into the house of Qlumx'od (HI 1). Immediately his head|
wife, WawalaxElag' i^lak" (III 6), gave to eat to her husband
18 Wa, la^mEns yawas-id gwal LeqElas Qlumx'ode laq, qaxs lE^mae
nonlEmxLiilax LlalEWElsEla. Wix, lasm gwfda nonlEm laxeq. Wii,
20 laEmxaawise gwal yawas^Id Legade Qlumx'odas LlalEWElsEla, qaxs
g'iPmae nonlEniLe g'ayole lax g'okulotas. Wa, la i.eqElasos L!rdE-
WElsEla he gwex'sa ts!ets!eqaxs hex"^kia-mae LlayoxLiixes LCLEgE-
maxs g'alae tslets'.ex^eda. Wa, heEmxaawise gweg'ilag'ila nonlEme,
hex'^ida^mae LlayoxLilxes nonlEmxLayowe LCLEgEma, yixs he^mae
25 LCLEgEmsa yawix'ilasa nonlEme L!alEwElsEla, lo- Q!exetasE^we, Lo^
GwayolElas, lo^ NEg"a, qa^s q '.alaosaqexs k' lesae Lawagale LeLEgE-
masa ts!ets!eqa LE^wa nonlEme LE^wa baxuse. A^mEn ^nex' qEU
gwagwex'sEX'^lde laq.
Wa, laEm^lae ^nax'^idxa gaalaxs laa^l xwanal^ide Qlumx'ode LE^wis
30 gEUEme T!agwisilayugwa LE^wa Nak!wax"da-xwe, qa^s g'axe na^na-
kwa. Wii, g'ax'lae hlg'aa lax Teguxsta^yaxa la dziiqwa. Wii, hex'i-
daEm^lawise Qlumx'ode axk'Ialaxes gEUEme T!agwisilayugwa qa
gwillaasascs naqa^ye, ^yixs ^nck'ae f[a hex'^idag^a^mes xis-ide kMe-
delase Qwaxilale LE^wis Lawulgama-ye LclElgEmlllase, qaxs lE^mae
35 ^nex" qa^s nonlEme. Wii, la^lae aEm wiixegEnEmase TIagwisilayugwa.
Wa, gipEm'ltlwise gwale waldEmasexs hiaM hSx^wijltii hlxes ya-ya-
ts!e, qa^s lit hogwiL lax g^okwas Qlumx'ode. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
gEk'imiihlase WawalaxElag-i^lakwe iJE.xwila qaes la^wtinEme Qliim-
;
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 1037
Q!umx'5fl (III 1) and to his new wife T lagwisilayugwa (III 8) ; and
I
as soon as || they had eaten, Qlunix'od (III 1) told WawalaxEhxg' i- 40
4ak" (III 6) his wish that the supernatural power of the nonlEm|
should come into his house, and that their two children, Qwax'ilal
|
(IV 3) and her brother LelElgEmlilas (IV 4), and also two of his|
nephews, should disappear. WawalaxElag' i^Iak" (III 6) told him to
|
go ahead, and Qlumx'od (III 1) called his numaym, the ^waUxs,to 45||
come into his house; and when they were in, Qlunix'od (III
| 1)
spoke, and said, "This is why I called you, numaym ^walas, that
|
I
the supernatural power of the nonlEm shou'd come, and that
|
Qwax'ilal (IV 3) and LelElgEmlilas (IV 4), and my nephew
K" lesoyak ilis || (IV 10) here, should disappear, and also his younger 50
brother Hamdzid (IV 11)." Four were named by him. Wlien he
|
stopped speaking, the numaym told him to go ahead. Then the
|
supernatural power of the nonlEm sounded on the roof of the house
|
and the four disappeared, and they did what they had seen done by
|
the Koskimo. Then II he gave away the ten sea-otter skins to the 55
Naklwax'da^x", and his four dancers
| used the nonlEm names.
Wlien he had done, Qwax'ila (II 9) gave as a marriage gift many
|
seals, and then Qlumx'od (III 1) put them into the four house-
|
dishes for the Naklwax'da^x". Then he changed the name of
|
Qwax'ilal (IV 3), and her name was DoxiiLkwi'^ak" (IV 3); and ||
x'ode LE^wis a^llle gEUEme T lagwisilayugwa. Wa, gll^Em^lawise
gwal lIexwexs laa4ae Qlumx'ode nelax WawalaxElag'i^lakwases 40
^nek' lena^ye, qa^s g^axeLasaes g'okwas ^nawalakwasa noniEme, qa
xts^Ideses ma^Qkwe sasEma ytx Qwaxllale LE^wis wiiq Iwe LelElgEm-
lllase. Wa, he^mis ma^lox"La g'ayol lax LOLale^yas. Wa, sl^mise
hex'^itlam^El waxasos WawalaxElag^i^lakwe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
Qliimxode Leltslodxes ^uE^memota ^walase, qa g"axes ^wFlaeLEla lax 45
g'okwas. Wa, gipEm^lawise g'ax ^wi^laeLExs laa^l yaq JEga^le Q lum-
x"6de. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "HedEn Le^aliloL, ^nE^memot, yoL
^walas, qa weg'es g'axcLa ^nawalakwasa nonlEme, qa x'is^edeg^a
Qwax^ilalEk" Logwa LelElgEmlllasEk' Logwa LolegiuLega K'lesoya-
kilisEk\ Wa, he^mise tsla^yase Hitnidzide." Wa, mokwe i.ex^e- 50
tsE^wa. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlwePldExs laa^l ^Em ^nax" waxe
^UE^memotas, qa wiig'Is. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise hek'lEg'a^le ogwii-
sasa g'5kwe, yix ^nawalakwasa nonlEme. Wa, la^me xis^ideda mokwe.
Wa, a^mese naqEmg'iltEwex gweg'ilasasa Gosg'imoxwe. Wii, laEm
plEs^itsa lastowe q lasa laxa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, laEm^lae Lex^edEs 55
nenonlEmxxayasa mokwe sesEnats. Wii, g'il^mese gwalExs laa^l wa-
walqale Qwax'ilasa q lenEme megwata. Wa, laEm^lae Q liimxode Iex"-
ts lots laxa mEwexLa loElqulIla qaxaeda Niik Iwax'da-'xwe. Wii, he^mis
la L'5,yoLaats Qwiix'ilale. Wii, laEm LegadEs Doxiilkwi^lakwe. Wii,
1038 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 3B
60 Qlumx'od (III 1) changed his own name, and his name was Walahig' i-
^lak" (111 1). Now we shall stop calling him Qlumx'od (III 1),
I
for his name was now Walalag' i4ak" (III 1). T lagwisilaj-ugwa|
(III 8) had no children, for she did not remain long having WaMa-|
g'i^ak" (III 1) for her husband. Then she went home.
|
65 Evidently on account of this Walalag' i^lak" (111 1) felt badly, ||
because his wife had gone home. He became ill; and he had not
|
been ill a long time before he died. Immediate^ LelElgEmlilas|
(IV 4), the son of WalMag'i^lak", took the seat of his father, and he|
gave away property to the Naklwax'da^x". He took the name
|
Q!umx'5d (IV 4) for his name, because his mind was sick on account
70 of what Qwax'ila (II 9) had done when he took away quickly hisII
princess T lagwisiJayugwa (III S). |"He thought they had killed his
father. Therefore the Nak !wax' da^x" did not want the marriage
|
names that Qwax'ila (II 9) had given to the late QWmx'od (III 1)
|
to be used. Only the four house-dishes and the nonlEm were kept
|
75 by the Nak !wax' da^x". And now they scattered among the Na-II
klwax'da^x", and the relatives of Q!ixmx"od (HI 1) now all use the
|
nonlEm. Now, the numaym ^walas wished Qlumx'od (IV 4) to
|
marry, and to forget his grief on account of the death of his father.
|
They wanted Qlumx'od (IV 4) to marry Omaeli^lak" (IV
| 7), the
80 princess of the chief of the numaym Kwekwaenox", LEk'EmaxodII
60 laEmxaawise LlayoxLa Qliimx'ode. Wii, laEm LegadEs Walalag'i^la-
kwe. Wii, la^niEns gwal LeqElas Qlumx'ode laq, qaxs lE^mae LegadEs
Walalag'i'lakwe. Wii, lasm^lae hewiixa xungwadEx^^ide Tlagwisila-
yugwa, qaxs k" lesae giila iii-wadEs Walalagi'lakwaxs laa^I nii-'nakwa.
Wa, hex'st!aak"^Em^liiwis la ^yiikogulidzEms naqa^yas Walalag'i-
65 'lakwe qaes gEUEmaxs lae na^nakwa. Wii, la^me yiiwas-Id qelxwa-
llta. Wa, k'!es4atla gael qElgwilExs laa^l wik' lEx^eda. Wii, hex"-i-
da^mese LelElgEmlilase, yix bEgwanEme xunox"dEs Walalagi^lax"de
Lax"stodxes ompde. Wa, laEm plEs^Idxa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wii,
hetla Hx^etsose Qlumx'ode qa^s LegEma, qaxs tslix'ilaes naqa-ye qa
70 gwex'^idaasas Qwax'ilaxs lae gEyol wataxodxes k'ledele Tlagwisila-
yugwa. Wii, he^mis k'odel g-a^yalatses ompde. Wii, he-'mis la-
g'ilasa Niiklwax"da^xwe ^nex" qa a^mes ^wFla k" leyax^'wide LCLEgEm-
g'ElxLa^yasa g'lgama^ye Qwax'ila liix Qlumx'odEx'de. Wa, lex'a-
^mes axelax"sa Naklwax'da'xwa mowexLa loElqfdila LE^wa nonlE-
75 mexa la gwel^id liixa Niiklwax'da^xwe, qaxs lae ^niixwaEm la axno-
gwade LCLELalas Qlumx'odEx-diisa uonlEme. Wii, la-'mese -nek'e
^nE^memotasa ^walase, qa gEg'ades Q!iimx"5de, qa^s layhigEma-
yoqexs alae qlak'ax gwex'^idaasases ompde. Wii, hetla gwE^yos
qa gEUEms Qlumx'ode ( )maeli^lakwe, yix k'ledelas g"igama'"yasa
80 'nE^memotasa Kwekwaenoxwe lax LEk'Emaxode, ylxs alak'lalae
BOASj FAMILY HISTORIES 1039
(III 9), for he was the head chief of the Gwawaeiiox". Then 81| |
Qlumx'od (IV 4) and his mother WawalaxElag' i4ak" (III 6), and
her daughter Qwax ilal (IV 3) — for they did not let her be named
I |
Doxulkwi^lak" (IV 3) — were told by his numaym ^walas to || go 85
ahead and do quickly what they were wishing. Then he was given
property by all the Nak !wax"da^x", for there were five numaym in
|
all. Each gave one pair of blankets to the chief Qlumx'od (IV
| 4),
I
every man of the numayms, as though he would wipe off his tears
|
with the pair of blankets, because he was still crying || for his past 90
father. After they had finished giving blankets, the five numa3mi3
|
of the Nak !wax' da^x" got ready to pay the marriage money for the
|
princess of Lsk* Emax5d (III 9) , who was living in the village of the
Gwawaenox" at HegEms. When they arrived at HegEms, they
| |
paid the marriage money at once, while the Nak !wax' da^x" remained
sitting in their canoes. They had twenty-two large traveling- 95II
canoes. After they had paid the marriage money, Lfik'Emaxdd
|
(III 9) and his younger brother PEnqulas (III 10) came, holding in
I
each hand slaves, each holdmg two by their hands as they came and
|
stood outside of the house; and with them came their princess
|
Omaeli^ak" (IV 7) , with || two female slaves. OmaelWak" (IV 7) stood 800
between her father, LEk'Emaxod (III 9) and her imcle PEnqfllas
|
xamagEme g'lgama^ye LEk'Emaxodasa Gwawaenoxwe. Wa, &Emse 81
Q!umx'ode LE^we SbEmpe WawalaxElag"i^lakwe LE^wis tslEdaqe
xunokwe Qwaxilale, qaxs lE-mae k'les la helqlolEm LegadEs Do-
xulkwi^lakwe. Wa, a^mese waxaxes ^nE^memota ^walase, qa wa-
g'es aEm hali^liilaxes waldEme. Wa, la^me p lEdzeLaso^sa ^naxwa 85
Naklwax'da^xwa laxes sEk'!asgEmak!uts!ena^ye laxes ^nal-uE^me-
matslena^ye. Wa, laEm plEdzcLasa ^nal^nEmxs plElxElasgEm laxa
g'ig&ma^ye Qlumx'ode laxes ^nal^nEmok Iwena^ye bEgwauEma, yixs
^UEmax'isae lo^ destotsa ^nal^nEmxsa p lElxElasgEm laqexs q Iwasae
qaes ompde. Wa, g'lPmese gwala p!EdzeLaxs lae hex'^ida^Em xwa- 90
naHda ^wrteda sEk'!asgEmak!use ^nal^nE^mematsa Nak !wax"da^xwe,
qa^s la qadzeLax k'ledeias LEk'Emaxodaxs hae g'okulaxa Gwa-
waenoxwe §,xas HegEmse. Wa, g'lPmese lag'aa lax HegEmsaxs lae
hex'^idaEm qadzel^ida, yixs he^mae ales kliidzExsaleLa^ya Nak!wax'-
da^xwe laxes yae^yatslexa h&ma^lts !aqala al &wS. xwaxwiik!Qna 95
yae^yatsles. Wa, g"il^mese gwala qadzeLaxs g'axae LEk'EmaxQde
LE^wis ts !a^ye PEnqiilase ^wPwax'soltslanalaxa q'.aqlEk'o moema^lo-
kwes nenexbaltsIanesE^waxs g"axae q!wag"aEls lax l lasana^yases
g'okwe; wa, he^mise k"!edelase Omaeli^lakwe g'ax qasEmtsosa ma-
'lokwe tsledaq q!aq!Ek'a. Wa, la LaLExulse Omaeli^lakwaxes ompe 800
LEk'Emaxode LE^wis qlule^ye PEnqulase. Wa, a^misLa la fixsE-
1040 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
2 (III 10). They told the six shives to stand in a row, facing sea-|
ward; and when tliey all had turned seaward, PEnqulas (III 10),
I
the younger brother of LEk'Emaxod (III 9), spoke, and asked
I
5 Qliimx'od (IV 4) to || take care, "because our princess (mine and my
brother's) has a heavy weight. Now, come, son-in-law Qliimxod
|
(IV 4), to your wife!" Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Then|
Qliimxod (IV 4) arose in his canoe. PEnqOlas (III 10) had told|
him to stand up to words. Then PEnqiilas (III| and hsten his 10)
10 asked Omaeli^lak" (IV 7) || to go to her husband with the six slaves.
|
Immediately three slaves went, one after another. Omaeli^ak"|
(IV 7) followed close behind the three slaves, and three other|
slaves followed Omaeli^ak" (IV 7). They went down the beach into
|
15 the canoe of Qlumx'od (IV 4). There they sat down, and Qlumx'od|1
(IV 4) sat next to his wife Omaeli^ak" (IV 7). Then PEnqiilas|
(III 10) spoke again, and said, "These six slaves are the marriage
|
mat of our princess, that the princess of Qlumx'od (IV 4) may not
|
sit on the floor of your house, son-in-law, when she goes in. Now,
|
20 this Dzonoq !wa house-dish, the wolf house-dish, the grizzly-bear||
house-dish, and the beaver house-dish shall go. These are tlie
|
house-dishes for Omaeh^lak"'s (IV 7) food, for all the tribes, which|
are given by her father. Chief LEk'Emaxod (III 9) ; and you shall
|
have this name, son-in-law. Your name shall be Qlomoqa (IV 4),
2 ^weda q!Ei,!akwe c[!aq!Ek'o, qa dEnxiilse LlaLlasgEmala. Wii, g'il-
-'mese ^naxwa la LlaiJasgEmalaxs lae yaq!Eg'a4e PEuqulase, ylx
tsla-'yas LEk-Emaxode. Wa, la^me hayaL!olax Q!umx'ode qa ya-
5 Llawes, "qaxs gwaguntsellLaqos laxg'a kMedelg'anu^x" Logun ^uEm-
wEyotEk'. Wa, gelag-a, nEgump, Q!umx'6da laxg'as gEnEmg'os,"
^nek'Exs lae q!wel-iihi. Wa, he.x'ida-niese Qliinix'ode Lax-ulExsa
laxes ya^yatsle. Wil, la axso qa^s Lax^wiixsale yis PEnqiilase,
qa^s hoLelex waklEmas. Wii, la^me axk' !ale PEnqulasax ( )maeli-
10 ^lakwe, qa lalag'Is laxes la^wiinEme LE^wa qlELlakwe q!riq!Ek"a.
Wa, hex"4da^mese qas'ideda yudukwe q!a([!Ek"owa dEuoxLalaxs
lae qas^ida. Wa, la qas4de Omaeli'lakwe nExwaxLaxa yudukwe
q!aq!Ek'owa. Wa, lii ElxLa^ya j'udukwe qlacjlEkox Omaeli^lakwaxs
lae hoquntslesEla, qa-s la hox-'walExs lax ya^yats!as Q!umxode,
15 qa's k!us-;llExse laq. Wil, giPmese la klwaklugalExse Qlumx-ode
LE-wis gEUEmeOmaeli'lakwaxs lae edzacpva yaq!Eg"a4e pEnc|Qlase.
Wii, la ^nek'a: "YuEm le-waxsesa k!edf'la<iEnuxvva q!EL!akwex
q'.iiqlEk'a, aLox wtiltalllLox k'ledelaxsg'a LEk'EmaxodEk' liixes
g'okwaos, nEgiimp, qaxo laeLO. Wa, la^mesek' Ifdg'a dzonoq !wak"
20 loqiillla, LE^wa ilLanEme loqiilll LE^wa niine loqulll, LE^wa ts!ii\ve
loqiihla. HeEm ha^maats!eso Omaeli-lakwe qaga 'naxwag'a lelqw^-
laLa^ya hxxg'as g'Ig&mek' ompeg'a LEk'EmaxodEk". Wii, he^misa
LegEme qa^s LegEmos, nEgttmp, laEms Legadfilts Qlomoqa. Wa,
BOAS J FAMILY HISTORIES 1041
and Qwax-ilal (IV 3) shall be Ts.'EndEgEmg-Wak" (IV 3), and also
I
this II house of my chief, which has a name. Now you shall have 25
the house Wiwax"sEm. The ends of the beams are wolves, and
I |
the four posts are wolves, and your dance shall be the great dance
|
from above, son-in-law; and in the winter dance your name shall be
G'ilgEmalis (IV 4)." Thus he said. "That is
| all, son-in-law.
Now, come warmII yourself in the house of LeR' Emaxod (III 9) 3-ou 30,
and your crew, son-in-law!" Thus he said.
| Then he stopped
speaking. Immediately the Nak !wax" da^x" went ashore out
| of
their canoes; and when aU were in the house, Qlumx'od (IV 4) and
|
his wife went ashore and went in. Then Lsk" Emaxod
| told Qlumx'od
(IV 4) and his wife Omaeli4ak" (IV 7) to sit down in the rear of the
house. IiimxII Q od (IV 4) and his wife went right| on and sat 35
down. The six slaves were stiU sittuig in the
| canoe of Qliimx'od
|
(IV 4), watching it. Now LEk' Emaxod (III 9) gave dried salmon to
his son-in-law and his crew, and as a second
| course he gave them
cinquefoil-roots; || and after he had given them to eat, LEk' Emaxod 40
(III 9) spoke, and said, "Listen to me, chiefs of the Nak !wax' da^x"
I !
|
I shall ask you to stay here for four days at Hegsms, that I
| may get
ready the cargo for Omaeli^ak" (IV 7)." Thus he said, and stopped
speaking. The Naklwax'da^x" agreed to what he said.
I || Then 45
LEk'Ema.xod (III 9) sent his hunters to go hunting many seals.
|
la^mese LegadLe Qwax-ilalas TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe. Wa, he^misa
gokwe, yixg-a LegadEk- g-ox"sEn g-igamek-. Wa, laEms lal g-6- 25
gwadsltsg-a Wiwax"sEmk' g'okwa ^naxwaEmk- aLauEmg-a 6bag-asg-a
k'ek'ateweg'a LE^va motslaqe LCLama ^na.xwaEm eaLauEma. Wa,
laEms ^walas^axaax"Lol, nEgump. He-mets LegEniLose GilgEmalise
laxa ts!ets!eqa," ^nek'e. "Wii, yu^moq, uEgump. Wa,' gelag'a
tElts!a laxg-a g'ox"g-asLEk'Emax6de le^vos klwemaqos, nEgump," 30
^nek-Exs lae q!wel^ida. Wa, hex-^ida^mese ^naxvva la hox^wultaweda
Naklwax-da^xwe laxes yae^yatsle. Wa, g-il^mese ^wFlaeLExs lae
Q!umx-ode le-'wc gEUEme hox^wulta laxes ya^yatsle, qa-'s la ho-
gwiLa. Wa, la^me ^nek'e LElcEmaxode, qa las k!wak!ugoLewallle
Q!umx-6de LE^wis gEnEme_ Omaeli^lakwe. Wa, he^niikula^mese 35
Q!ilmxode LE^wis gEUEme OmaeMakwe, qa's la klus^alll laq. Wa,
laEniLe klQdzExsalaLayeda qlELlokwe q!aq!Ek'o lax ya-'yatslas
Q lumx'ode q !aq lalalaq. Wa, la^me yinese LEk-Emaxodaxes nEgump
LE^wis k!weme yisa xa^mase. Wa, la heleglntsa t!{:x"sose luq.
Wa, g-U^mese gwala ytnesasE^waxs lae yaqlEg-a^le LEk-Emaxode. 40
Wa, la ^nek-a: " WaEutsos hoLela g-axEn g'lg'igames Naklwax-da-'x".
Ht'dEu waldEmLa qa^s mop lEuxwa^seses ^nalaos yo lox HegEinsex,
qEn xwanalEle qa mEmwalasox Omaeh^lakwex," ^nek'Exs la§ q!wel-
^ida. Wa, a'mese ^naxwa ex-^ak'eda Niik Iwax-da^xwax waldEmas.
Wa, la^me LEk-Emaxode ^yalaqasa hanhauLlenoxwe, qa las niame- 45
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 17
1042 ETHNOLOGY OF THli KWAKIUTL Iktii. ANN. 35
46 The hunters went out in the evening in eight canoes. They stayed
| |
away for three days. Then they came back home. They had one|
50 hundred and ten seals in their || eight canoes. The hair of the seals
was already singed off, and they were cut open. Then LEk'Emaxod
|
(III 9) gave them as a marriage gift to his son-in-law Q!umx"od
I
(IV 4), and also the feast name MEiilesid (IV 4). "That is all|
now," said LEkEmaxod (III 9) to Q!umx"od (IV 4). "Now, get|
55 ready to go home, || son-in-law, with your wife." Thus said Chief
LEk'Emaxod (III 9). Then the Naklwax'da^x" got ready in the|
|
evening; and in the morning, when day came, they loaded their
|
canoes, and put aboard the four house-dishes and the hundred and
|
60 ten seals; and the Nak!wax'da^x" went aboard || theu- canoes.
When they were aU aboard, Qlumx'od (IV 4) and his wife, Omaeli-
|
^lak" (IV 7), and the sLx slaves walked down the beach and went|
aboard Qlumxod's canoe; and as soon as they had sat down, the
|
Nak !wax' da^x" started paddhng. In the evening they arrived at|
65 their village. || There they unloaded the fom- house-dishes and the
|
hundred and ten seals, and carried them into the house of Q lumx'od
(IV 4). As soon as everything was out of the canoe, Q!umx"od
I
(IV 4) called his numaym, the ^walas, into his house to discuss|
I
46 gwatlax qlenEmamegwata. Wa, hcx'^ida^meselax'da^xwedahanhan-
iJenoxwaxa la dzfiqwaxa ma4gunalts !aqas yae^3'ats!a h;inhanL!e-
noxwe. Wa, yudux"p!Enxwa^se ^nfdasexs g'axae na^nakweda han-
hanL'.enoxwe 'nEmx"s6gug'iyot!a yanEmas haga megwata laxes
50 ma%unalts!aq!ena^yes yae^yats'.e laxes gwalslae tslEiikwa me-
gwate. Wa, laxae gwalElaEm yImElkwa. Wa, la^me Lek'Emaxode
wawalqalas laxes nEgiimpe Q!umx'6de. Wa, he^misa niEnlEXLa-
3'0 LegEma, yix MEiilesidaas. "Wii, laEm ^wFla laxeq," ^nek^e Lsk'E-
maxodiix Q!umx'6de. "Wag'a xwiinaPldEx qa^s lalag'aos nii'na-
55 kwa, nEgump, le^wos gEnsmaqos;" ^nek'eda g-Igama^ye LEk"Ema-
xode. Wa, hi'X'^ida^mese ^naxwa xwanal'ideda Nak!wax"da^xwaxa
dzaqwa. Wii, g'iPmese ^nax'^idxa gaaliixs lae ^naxwa moxsaxes
yae^yats!e. Wa, g'ax^ma mEwexLa loelqullla LE^wa mEmx'sogii-
g'iyuwe megwata. Wa, la^me ^naxwa hox^walExseda Naklwax'-
60 da^xwe laxes yae^yatsle. Wa, gtPmese ^wilxsaxs g"&xae Q!um-
x'ode LE^wis gEUEme OmaeMakwe LE^wa q!EL!okwe q!aq!Ek*6 ho-
qunts!esala qa^s lax'da^xwe hox^walExs lax yaH^atsIas Q!umx'6de.
Wa, g'iPmese k!us^alExsExs lae ^uEmax'^id sex^wideda Naklwax'-
da^xwe. Wa, la^mese dzaqwaxs lae lag'aa laxes g"6kQlase. Wa,
65 hi'X'^ida^mese moltoyoweda mEwexLa loElqulila LE^wa ^nEmx'so-
gugiyowe megwata, qa-s lit niEweLElayo lax g'okwas Q'.unix'ode.
Wa, gll^mese ^wl4olta liix ya^yatslas lae hex'^ida^me Q!Qmx"ode
Le^lalaxes ^nE^memota ^walase, qa g'axes ^wFlaeLEla lilx g'okwas,
:
BOAS] FAMJLY HISTORIES 1043
what they would do with the seals and when the feast was to be
given. Wlien all were inside, Q.'umxod (IV 4) spoke, and said, 70II |
"O numaym ^walas! I called you to think about it, when I shall)
give a feast with these hair-seals." Thus he said to his numaym
|
^walas. After he had spoken, one of the men of the numaym said,|
"Go on ! Just send them to get fire-wood to cook the seals, so that 75II |
our tribe the Naklwax'da^x" may eat." Then four young men of
|
the numaym ^walas wei'e sent out to get much fire-wood. The four
|
young men launched the large canoe to get fire-wood, and || started. 80|
They went to a place where there was much driftwood; and when
they had gone, QWmx'od (IV 4) asked the harpooneers of his
|
numaym ^walas to cut up ten large seals, to take off the blubber,
|
|
and to cut the blubber off spirally, thus for he was going to|
give one of these strips to the chief ^^^^\ of each one of the
four nuniayms; that is, of the || other \^^i^ numayms, not the 85
^walas; and he had ten seals cut into short strips, in
|
this way:' These were to be given to the people of low rank.
|
They give the hmbs to the cliiefs next to the head chiefs,
|
for the head chiefs receive the brisket of the seal. This is
I
done iu lesser seal-feasts. That isII not the custom in a 90
great feast of more than a hundred seals, for generally a
|
qa^s hawaLllagale qaeda megwate lax k!welasdEmLases. Wii, 70
g-Il^mese g'ax ^wPlaeLExs lae yaqlEg'a^e Qlumx'ode.
to Wa, la
^nek"a: "HedEn Le^laleloL, ^nE^memot ^vvalas, qa^s aaxsilaosaxs
nenaqa^yaqos laxEn k IwelasdEmLasoxda megwatex," ^nek'exes
^uE^memota ^walase. Wa, g'il^mese q'.wel^ldExs lae yaqlEg^a-
^leda ^nEmokwe liix ^uE^memotas. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg'a, 75
asm ^yalaqa qa liis aneqax lEqwa, qa L!opesa megwatex qa alii-
sox q'.EsEns g'okiilota Naklwax'da^xwex," ^nek"e. Wa, hex'^ida-
^mese ^yalagEma mokwe ha^yal-a g'ayol lax ^UE^memotasa ^walase,
qa las aneqax q !enEma lEqwa. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa mokwe ha^yal'a
wi^x"stEndxa ^walase xwakluna, qa^s anegatslex lEqwii. Wa, la^me 80
Lex^eda, qa^s la laxa q!eq!adaxa q!exale. Wa, g'iPmese Lex^edExs
lae Q'.umx'ode axk'!alaxa esElewinoxwases ^nE^memota ^walase;
qa sEsax"sEndesexa nsqasgEme awa megwata qa sapodesex xuse-
na^yas, cja^s t lotse^staleq, qa g'ilsg'iltlesa xuse^lakwe, g'a gwalega
qaxs doqiillLaxa g'lg'igama^yasa mosgEmakliise ^nal-'uE-'memas 85
(fig.)
ogirla lax ^uE-memotas Q!umx"6dexa ^walase. Wa, laxae iiEqas-
gEma megwate am^amayastowe sakwa^ye g"a gwaieg"a(_^gr.). HeEm
lal k'alalxa bEgulida^ye. Wa, laLe yaqule LasLaliis laxa memak'i-
laxa xexamagEma^ye gig"igama-ya, yixs k'aak'omalaeda xamagE-
ma^ye g'Igigamesa ^nal^nE^memasaxa haq Iwayowasa megwate laxa 90
gwasa^ye k!welatsa megwate. Wa, laLe k'les he gwala laxa ^wa-
lase kiwelatsa gJxsogiag iyowe megwata, yixs qliinalae sEnala me-
1 That is, by long parallel cuts crossing at right angles.
1044 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35
93 whole seal is given to the head cliief of each numaym, for they|
I
only cut off the head; that is, when many seals are given at a feast.
|
95 I just wanted to talk about this. || Now, the twenty seals that they
had cut up were being cooked, and ninety seals were left raw. It|
was almost evening when they finished cuttmg up the twenty seals,|
and in the evening also those who had gone after fire-wood came
|
home. When they arrived on the beach, the 5'oung men of the|
900 numaym ^walas went down || and carried up the fire-wood into the
house of Qlumx'od (IV 4); and when the fire-wood was all inside,
I
they took baskets, went down to the beach, and picked up stones,|
and they carried up the baskets with stones into the house of
I
Qlumx'od (IV 4). Wlicn they thought they had enough, they made
|
5 a cross-pile of fire-wood in the || middle of the host's house; and when
it was high enough, they piled stones on it, so that they were ready|
when they wanted to put fu-e to it. In the morning, when da^^ came,|
another man of the uumaj-m ^walas took boxes and placed them
|
|
10 between the door and the fire. After doing so, he drew water andII
poured it into the boxes. When (the boxes) M^ere half fuU, there|
was enough water in them. After this they took red-pme wood|
|
and made tongs, as many as there were boxes. Then they asked
J
92 gwate k'ax'^idayaxa xamagEma'ye g'lg^mesa ^nE^mema, yixs lex'a-
^mae lawoylwe xEweqwas laqexs qleuEmae klweladzEmasa g'igS-
ma^ye megwata. A^mEn ^nex" qEn gwagwex'sEX'^ide laq. Wa,
95 heEm L!5pLa ma^ltsEmg"ustawe megwat la sakwasE^wa. Wa, la
k'lilxxa na'uEmsoklwa megwata. Wii, la^mese Elaq dzaqwaxs lae
gwala sakwiixa ma^ltsEmg'ustawe megwata. Wa, laEmxaawise
dzaqwaxs g'axae na^nakwa Sneqaxa lEqwa. Wa, g'iPEm g'ax^alisa
aneqaxa lEqwaxs lae ^wi^Ents !eseda ha^yal^asa ^nE-memotasa ^walase,
900 qa^s la wawig'alaxa q!exale lEqwa, qa^s la haeLElas lax g'okwas
Q lumx'ode. Wa, gil-mese ^wFlaeLeda lEqwaxs lae ax^edxa laElxa^ye,
qa^s la hocjuntsles laxa LlEma^ise, qa^s la xEqwaxa t!esEme, qa^s
liixat! kMogwiLElaxa t!etsE!ala laElxe lax g'okwas Qlumx'ode. Wii,
g'iPmese k'otaq laEm helalaxs lae hawanaqostalaxa lEqwa lax
5 awagawalllasa k Iweladzats !eLe g'okwa. Wa, g^il^mese helalaxs lae
xEqiiyindalasa tIesEme laq, qa gwallles qo tsenabotsoLEx g-aleLas
^nax"-idLEx gaalaLa. Wii, laxae ogu^laEm bsgwanEm g'ayol
liixa ^nE^memotasa ^wiilasa ax^edxa k" !ik' !imyaxLa qii^s g'axe
mEx^iililalas lax &wiigawa^yasa t!EX"lla LE^wa lEgwile. Wa,
10 g'lFmese gwalExs lae fcsex'^itsE^weda ^wiipe, qa-s la guxtslalayo
laxa k' !ik' limyaxLa. Wa, g'il^mese bEnk" !oits !exs lae hela-
ts'.Eweda ^wape. Wa, giPmese gwalExs lae &x^etsE^weda wfinagiile,
qa^s k' !ipLalag'ilasE^we, ytxs he^mae waxa k' !IpLiilae ^waxasgEma-
sasa k* !lk" '.ImyaxLa. Wa, g'iHmese gwalExs lae helasE^weda nk-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES • 1045
the song-leaders || to sing the feasting-song, and the numaym 15|
^walas learned to sing the song that night. Wlien they all Imew
|
the feasting-song, they went out of the host's house. In the morn-
|
ing, when day came, they lighted the fire in the middle of
| the house;
and when it began to blaze up, they || cleared out the house. After 20
they had done so, the stones were red-hot. Then all the young
| men
of the numaym ^walas were asked to help put red-hot stones into
I |
the boxes to cook the seal. They came and took each a pair of
|
tongs, picked out the red-hot || stones, and placed them in the boxes 25
for cooking the seals; and when the water boiled,
| they put in the
|
butchered seal. Wlien (the boxes) were nearly fuU, they stopped
putting in more butchered seal. They took the
| tongs and put
|
more stones on top of the || butchered seal. When the water was 30
boiling, they took mats and spread them over them;
| and when
they were all covered with mats, the young men
| took their tongs|
and went to invite the four numayms of the Nak
| !wax' da^x" on
behalf of MEnlesid (IV 4), for Qlumx'od|| (IV 4) was already using 35
this name, as he was giving a feast. The young men went into tlie
|
houses and called every one by name, standing inside of the
| door-
way of the house of whomever they were inviting; and when they
|
gade, qa^s dEnx^edesa kiwelayalayowe q!EmdEma. Wa, laEm 15
qlEmdelaxa la ganuLaxa ^uE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, gil^mese
^nfixwa la qialaxa kiwelayalayo qlEmdEmxs lae hoquwEls laxa
k!weladzats!eLe g^okwa. Wa, giFmese ^nax'^ldxa gaalaxs lae tse-
nabotsE^wa la gwalila laqawallle. Wa, g'll^mese x'lqostaxs lae ex-
^wltsE^weda g'okwe. Wa, giHmese gwalExs lae memEnltsEmx^^i- 20
deda tIesEme. Wa, hex'^ida^mese la axsE^weda ^naxwa ha^yal^asa
^nE^memotasa ^walase, qa g^axes g'iwala kMlpstalasa x'Tx^ExsEmala
t!esEm laxa k" !ik' !hnyaxLa q!olats!elxa megwate. Wa, gaxda^xwe
^wFla a^mise ^nal^nEmx'^Idxa kMipLalaa qa^s k"!ip!edexa x'Ix'exse-
mala tlesEm, qa^s la kMlpstalas liixa k' !lk' temyaxLa q!olats!elxa 25
megwate. Wa, gIPmese mEdslx^wideda ^wapaxs lae axstalayuweda
sag'ikwe megwat laq. Wa, g'iPmese Elaq qotlaxs lae gwal axstalasa
sagikwe megwat laqexs lae et!ed ax^cdxa k'llpLalaa, qa^s et!ede
k-!ip!ed laxa x'ix'ExsEmala tIesEina, qa^s laxat! et!ed k" lipEyhadalas
laxa sag'Ekwe megwata. Wa, g'il^mese alax'^id maEmdElqiilaxs lae 30
ax^edxa le^wa^ye qa^s LEpEyindes laq. Wa, g'il'mese ^naxwa la
LEpEyaax"sa le^wa^yaxs lae hex'^idaEm la ^wMamaleda ha^yal^a
dalaxes k' !ik'EpLalaa. Wa, laEm lal Le^lalalxa mosgEmak !use ^nal-
^UE^mematsa Nak!wtix'da^xwe qa MEnlesidaase, qa^s lE^mae yawa-
s^Ide Qlumx'ode LegadEsexs kiwelasae. Wa, la^me laLJEsalaxa 35
g'okulaxa ha^yal^a LexEqElax LeLEgEmases Le^lalasE^we laxes q !wa-
stalats lena^ye lax tiEx'llasa g'ig^okwases Le^lalasE^we. Wa, g'll-
1046 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [kth, ann. 35
38 had caLkul out the iiaines of all those who hved in the one house, one
|
of the young men said, "On behalf of MEnlesid (IV 4)." They ||
40 continued saying this until they had gone into all the houses of the
four numayms. The guests did not come quickly, because they
|
I
were afraid of the many seals that were to be given in the feast, for
|
often those who are not accustomed to eat seal-blubber vomit. It
|
45 took the men a long time to call again and to get the four numaymsII
to go in. First of aU came the head numaym, the G'exsEm. They
[
I
went in and sat down in the rear of the house; and when ah were
inside, the second numaym, the SisEnL!e^, came in, and they sat
|
down at the right-hand side- of the house; and after they were all
I
50 in, the TsetsEmeleqala came in and sat down towards the rear,II |
on the left-hand side of the house ; and finally the numaym TEml-
|
tEmlfils came and sat down next to the numaym TsetsEmeleqala.
|
When the four numayms of the Nak !wax'da^x" were inside, they
|
55 were told to smg their feasting-songs. || Then the first to sing their
song were the head numaym G' exsEm ; and after they were through,
| |
the numaym Siseue !e^ sang their song; and when they were through,
|
the numaym TsetsEmeleqala sang their song; and when they had|
60 ended their song, || the numaym TEmltEmlsls sang their song; | and
38 ^mese ^wPla LCLEqElax LCEEgEmasa g'Skiila laxa ^nEmsgEmse g'okwa
lae ^nek-(5da ^nEmokwe laxa h<¥yal-'a "qa MEnlesidaasai'." Wa, he-
40 X'sa^mese gwek"!ala ^wa^wllxtots !axa g'ig^okwasa mosgEmakluse
^nal^nE^memasa. Wa, la k"!es gEyol g-ax hogwiLeda Le-lauEme
cjaxs alae liikMEua^ya q!enEme megwata, yixs k!weladzEmae, cjaxs
qlunalae hoxsiwaya yag'ilwate lax qlEsaxa xudzasa megwate. Wa,
het!a la ala gegilseda ha-yal'a etse-staxs g'axae lal loxmaleda ^nfd-
45 ^uF/memaxs g'axae mox-'widasExs g'tlxae hogwiLEla. Wii, liiEm
g'alaeLe ^mEkilma^yas -nal'nE^memats !ena^yasxa G'exsEme, qa^s
la k!ils^rdll laxa ogwiwalllasa g^Skwe. Wa, g'll^mese ^wI-iaeLExs
g'axae hogwiLeda maklla -iiE-memotasa SisinLla^ye, qa^s lii k!us-alil
laxa hetk" lodEnegwilasa g'okwe. Wa, g"iPmese ^wFlaeLExs g'axaas
50 hogwiLe ^nE^memotasa TsetsEmeleqala, qa^s la klus^alJl laxa ^nsl-
k' !odoyahlasa gEmxanegwilasa gokwe. Wa, g'axe ElxLa-ya -'ue-
^memotasa TEmltEmlElse, qa^s la kiwabaliiax k liidzelasasa ^nE^me-
motasa TsetsEmeleqala. Wii, gil-mese ^wi^laeLeda mosgEmakluse
-'nal-uE'mematsa Nak!wax'da-xwaxs lac wiixaso^ cja^s k!\velale dsn-
55 xEla. Wa, heEmxaawis g'il k!welg'a^l dEnx^ededa ^mEkuma^ye
^nE^memotasa G'exsEme. Wii, gil-mese q !iilbe dEnxalay^s lae
k!welg-a-l dEnx-ededa ^nE^memotasa SisinL!a^ye. Wa, giPmese
qltilbe dEnxalayas lae k!welg'a^l dEnx-ededa ^nE^memotasa Tse-
tsEmeleqala. Wa, g-iPmese q!ulbe dEnxalayas lae k!welg'a4 (Ieu-
60 x^ededa ^UE^memotasa TEmltEmlElse. Wa, giPmese q'.ulbe dEn-
liUAsj FAMILY HISTORIES 1047
when all had sung, they took the drum and put it down next to the 62
|
door. Then they took the | four house-dishes, the marriage gift given
to the father (III 1) of Qmmx'od (IV 4) by the chief | of the Kos-
kimo (II 9)—the sea-otter house-dish, the sea-lion house-dish, the ||
whale house-dish, and the sea-monster house-dish—and they put them 65
down at the left-hand side of the house. Then they took four
I
other house-dishes, the marriage gift to Qliimx'od (IV 4), given by
I
the chief of the Gwawaenox, Lsk'smaxod (III 9)—theDzonoqIwa|
house-dish, the wolf house-dish, the beaver house-dish, and the
|
gi'izzly-bear house-dish—and they put them|| down at the right- 70
hand side, inside the house. The eight house-dishes had their
|
heads towards the rear of the house; and when they put them dovra,
|
the speaker of Q'.iimx'od (IV 4), whose name was Ha^mid, told the|
chiefs of the four numayms about the four house-dishes—the sea-
|
otter, li sea-lion, whale and sea-monster house-dishes—which were 75|
obtained as a marriage gift by the dead father (III 1) of Q'.umx'op|
(IV 4) from Qwax'ila (II 9), the chief of the Koskimo. "And these
|
were obtained in marriage by my chief Qlumx'od (IV 4) —the|
Dz5noq !wa, wolf, beaver, || and grizzly-bear house-dishes—from Chief 80
LEk'Emaxod (III 9) —Now take care, G'esxsEm, SlsEnLle^ and
|
TsetsEineleqala— and you, TEmltEmlEls—and really
| eat, for you
|
see what you will have to eat; for these dishes have been selected
|
xElayasexs lae ax'etsE^weda mEnatsIe, qa^s g"axe hang'alilEm 61
laxa max'stalilasa tiExila. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ax^etsE-weda mE-
wexLa loElqiilllaxa gEg'adanEmas ompdas Q!umx"6de lax g'Jgama-
^yasa Gosg'imoxwa, q!asa loqiilila, LE^wa L!exEne loqiillla, LE^wa
gwE^yime loqiilila, LE-'wa hanagatsia loqiilila, qa^s la mEx^ale^lsm 65
laxa gEmxotst&lIlasa g'okwe. Wa, la ax^etsE^weda mEwexLa IoeI-
qiilila, yix gEg'adanEmas Qlumx'odaxs hae lax g'igamafyasa Gwa-
waenoxwe LEk'Emaxodexa Dzonoqlwa loqulila, LE^wa aLaiiEme
loqiilila, LE^wa tslawe loqulila, LE^wa nane loqiilila, qa^s la
niEx^ale^lEm lax helklotstalilas SwiLElasa g'okwe; ^naxwa-ma 70
ma^gunfilEXLa ioElqulii gwegwegEmala laxa ogwiwalilasa g'okwe.
Wa, g'iPmese ^wilg-alilExs lae yaqlEg'a^e Elkwas Q!iimx'odexa
LEgadas Ha^mide. Wa, laEm nelaxa gugigama^yasa mosgE-
mak!use ^nal^nE^memasa, yisa mEwexLa loElqulilxa q!asa
loqulila, LE^wa tlexEne loqulila, LE^a gwE^yime loqulila, LE^wa 75
hanagats!a loqulila, ylxs he^mae gEg"adanEms omp^wulasa
la Q!umx-oda lax g-igama^yasa Gosg'imoxwe Qwax-ila. "Wa,
g-a^mes gEg-adanEmsg-in g-igiimeg-eg-a Q!umx-odEk-, yixg-ada
Dzonoq!wak' loqulila, Logwada aLaiiEmk- loqulila, Logwada tslawek"
loqiihla, Logwada nanek- loqulila, laxa g-igama^ye LEk-Emaxode. 80
Wa, la^mesEn hayaLlolaLol G'exsEm, los SisenLle, los TsetsEmele-
qala; wa, so^mets TEmltEmlEls, qa^s alax'^ideLos hJimx-'^idEl, qaxs
doqula^maaqos laxg'as hemaatslelg'os, yixs alek' sEnyaax"g-a gwe-
1048 ETHIsOLOOY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 35
85 from the animals of the woods, and also from the || cliiefs of the
animals of the ocean, so that you may eat from them. Try to eat
|
everything that is in your dishes." Thus said Ha^mld. Then they
|
took the boiled seal and put them into the eight house-dishes; and
|
when everything was in, Q!umxod (IV 4) arose and gave the|
90 Dzonoq !wa dish and the sea-monster dish || to the head numaym, the
G' exsEm. The young men of the numaym ^walas took up the two
|
house-dishes with blubber and put them in front of the numaym
|
G'exsEm; and after they had done so, Q!iimx'od spoke again, and
|
said, ''SlsEULle^, the whale dish and the wolf dish are for you," and
I
95 the young men put the whale dish and the wolf dish in frontII of|
the numaym SisEniJe^. After this was done, Q!umx"6d (IV 4)
|
spoke again, and said, "This sea-hon dish and grizzly-bear dish are
for you, TsetsEmeleqala;" and the young men went and put the
|
1000 two house-dishes in front of the numaym TsetsEmeleqala. || And after
I
this had been done, Q!umx'od (IV 4) spoke again, and said, "This
|
beaver dish and sea-otter dish are for you, TEmltEmlEls." Then
|
the young men went and put tlie two house-dishes in front of the
|
numaym TEmltEmlEls. And when the eight house-dishes with
|
5 blubber had been put down, Qliimx'od (IV 4) sat down. || Then his
speaker, Ha^mid, arose, and spoke. He said, "Now, go ahead, you
|
gtix"sdEmg'as g'lg'lgamesa aL!ex g'ilg'aomasa. Wa, laxaak' ^la
85 g'Tgigamesa adwak'exg'as leloqulalg'os, qa^s alei-os ha^mapL, qa^s
^wiVwIlgiltslEweLo laxg'as leloqiilalg'os," -nek'e Ha^mJde. Wii,
la^me ax'etsE^wa L!ope sakweiax" megwata, qa^s lii axts!alayo laxa
ma^igunalExLa l5Elqulila. Wii, giFmese ^wlltsl^xs lae Q!umx"ode
Lilx'ullla, qa^s k'ak'!Eg'alesa Dzonoq !wa LE'wa hanag;its!e loElqiilil
90 laxa ^mEkumalase ^nE^memotsa GexsEme. Wii, lii iiex''ida'ine
ha^yaFiisa ^nE^memotasa ^walase ax^alilaxa ma^lEXLa loElqillll xwe-
xiits'.ala, qa^s lii k'ax'dzamolilas laxa ^nE-'memotasa G'exssme.
Wii, g'll^mese gwiilExs lae edzaqwe Q!umx'ode ^nek'a: " Loqiilas
SlslnL!a^ye gwE^yim LE-'wa aLanEme loqiillla." Wii, ]iex"'idaEmxaa-
95 wise ha'yal^a la k'ax'dzamolilasa gwE^yime LE-wa iiLanEmc loqiilil
liixa ^nE^memotasa SlsinLla^ye. Wii, giPniese gwalExs lae edzaqwe
Qliimx'ode: ^nek"a: "Loqulas TsetsEmeleqiila LlexEn LE^wa nane
loqullla." Wii, hex^^idaEmxaiiwiseda ha^yiil^a la ax-'iilllaxa ma^lEXLa
loElqiillla, qa^s lii k'ax'dzamoliJas laxa ^uE^memotasa TsetsEmeleqiila.
1000 Wii, giPEmxaawise gwalExs lae edzaqwe Q!umx'ode ^nek'a: "Loqu-
las TEmltEmlElse tsliVwe LE^wa q !iisa loqullla." Wii.hex-'ida^meseda
hfi-yiih'a la iix^iilllaxa ma^ExEa loElqiilila, qa-'slii kaxdzamolilas liixa
^nE^memotasa TEmltEmlElse. Wa, g'll^mese ^wilg'allleda ma^guna-
lEXLa xwexiitslala loElqiilila laase k!wiigallle Qlumx^ode. Wii, lii
5 Lax^ullle Elkwiise Ha^mlde. Wii, liijaqlEg'a^a. Wii, lii^uek'a: "Wii,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1049
four great niimayms! Now it is well done. Now eat as well as you 7
|
can, and eat it all." Thus he said and stopped speaking. Then
|
Helamas, the head chief of the numaym G' exsEm, arose and spoke.
|
He said, "Don't || sit in this way, Chief Yaqoklwalag'ilis (lie meant 10
the chief of the numaym SisEnLle^); and also HaqElal (the head
|
chief of the TsetsEmeleqala) and you, Tslsx^ed| (he meant the;
I
cliief of the numaym TsmltEmlEls) ! Stand up, and let us show
| |
that we have sweet food to eat!" Thus he said; and when he 15||
stopped speaking, the four chiefs arose. They were naked, and they
|
took hold of a long strip of blubber and ate it. Then the men of
|
low rank also arose and took the blubber of the seal and ate it.
| |
They all stood while they were eating it. They do not || eat the skin 20
of the seal-blubber at a great seal-feast. After they had eaten
|
enough, they sat down. Then the young men of the numaym
|
|
^walas took the house-dishes and carried them out of the house and
|
put them down outside. Afterwards they gave the || whole raw seals 25
to the chiefs, and they cut in two pieces the seals which they gave
|
to the people of low rank. 'WTien they had finished, the numaym
|
^walas assembled in one place in the house, and they sang the new
|
feasting-songs of Qlumx'od (IV 4), and then his sister, Qwax'ilal|
wag'illa mosgEmak" ^walas ^nE^mem. La^mo aek'aakwa, qa^s wag'i- 6
LOS hamx-^idElqo, aekMaLEs ha^mapLEqo, qa^s ^wFleL5saq"," ^nek'Exs
lae qlweWda. Wa, la Lax^iilile Helamasaxa xamagEma^ye g'ig3,mesa
^nE^memotasa G'exsEme, qa-s yaq!Eg"a^le. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Gwailas
he gwaeie, g'igame Yaqoklwalag'ilis," yix g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memo- 10
tasa SlsinLla^ye gwE^yos; he^mise HaqElal, yix xamagEma^ye g'lga-
mesa TsetsEmeleqala, "los gigame TslEx^ed," yix g'Ig3ma-yasa
^nE^memotasa TEmltEmlfilse gwE-yos; "qa^s Lax^ulllaos ^wPla qEns
Swiilx'Eyamexgins ex"p!asEweLEk" laxEns ha^maeneLex," ^nek'Exs
lae qlweHda. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ^naxwa q!wag'illleda mokwe g'Igi- 15
gama^ya laxes xaxEnalaena^ye. Wa, la ^naxwa dax"^idEx oba^yasa
g'llsg'iltla xudza, qa^s qlEs^ede. Wa, lii ^naxwa^meda bebEgullda^ye
ogwaqa Lax^iililala, qa^s ogwaqe la dolts !ala laxa xiidzasa megwate,
qa^s q lEseq laxes ^naxwa^mae Lax'LE^wilExs q !Esae. Wa, la k' !es
oqwaqaEm qlEsaxa k!udzeg*a^yasa xudzasa megwate laxa ^walase 20
k!we^latsa megwate. Wa, giPmese ^naxwa liePakMEs laqexs lae
klus^alila. Wa, hex'^Jda^mesa g"ayole laxa ha''yal^asa ^uE^memotasa
^walase la ax^alllaxa loElqulJle, qa^s la lawElsas laxa g'okwe, qa^s la
mEX^Elsas lax L!asana^yas. Wa, g'il^mese gwalExs lae k'ax'^idayo-
weda sesEnala kMilx" megwat laxa glg'igama^ye. Wit, lii mema^l- 25
ts!aakwa megwate k'ax'^idayoxa bebEgulida^ye. Wa, giPmese gwa-
Iexs lae q!ap!eg'ilile ^nE^memotasa ^walase, qa^s dEnx^edesa altsEme
k!we4aya4ayo q!EmdEms Q!umx"6de. Wa, he^mis la ylx^widaats
1050 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIXJTL [eth. ann. 36
30 (IV 3), danced. When the song of the || numaym was at an end,
Ha^niid said that Qwax'ilal (IV 3) had changed her name, for now
|
her name was Ts!EndEgEmg'i^kk" (IV 3); and Q!umx'5d (IV 4)
|
also had changed his name, and his name was now MEidesid (IV 4).
Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Then all the guests
|
went out.
Now I shall talk about the sister of Qlumxod (IV4), TslEudE-
I
35 gEmg'i^ak" (IV 3). Now, the princes of the chiefs of the variousll |
tribes wanted to marry her, for they had seen the eight house-
dishes. The cliief of the numaym Q'.omkMutlEs of the Gwa^sEla,
|
I
L!as5tiwahs (III 11), asked her in marriage for his prince Sesaxalas
40 (IV 8) and the Gwa^sEla came to woo her at Baas, for || all the; I
Nak !wax' da^x" had gone there with their houses, and did not go
back to Teguxste. It was evening when they arrived outside of
|
Baas. Then L'.asotlwalis (III 11) spoke to his tribe, and said,
I |
"Listen to me, tribes ! I do not wish to pay the marriage money in
|
45 the evening. Let us sleep here, and go in the morning || to pay the
marriage money, when the Nak !wax' da^x" wake up !" Thus he said.
|
Immediately the speaker PEugwid arose, and also spoke. He said,
i
"What you say is good, chief, for you are going to make really war
|
against TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), the princess of Qliimx'od
|
wQqIwase Qwax"llale. Wa, g'll^mese la q!ulbe dEnxalayasa ^nE^me-
30 maxs lae nele Ha^midas Qwax'tlalaxs lE^mae LlayoxLa yixs lE^mae
LegadEs Ts!EndEgEmg'i^lakwe. Wa, he^mise Q!umx"odaxs lE^mae
ogwaqa LlayoxLa, ylxs lE^mae LegadEs MEnlesidaase, ^nek^Exs lae
qlwel^ida. Wa, la^me hoquwElseda k!weie laxeq. Wa, la^mesEn
gwagwex"sEx'^IdEl lax wuq!was Q!umx'ode lax TslEndEgEmg'i^Ia-
35 kwe. Wa, la^me Swulqap lEsosa LOLaElgama^yas g'lg'igama^yasa
alogQxsEmakwe lelqwalaLa^ya, qaxs lae dogula ma^lgunalExLa loElqii-
lila. Wa, het!a g'igama^yasa ^uE^memotasa Q!omk'!ut!Esasa Gwa-
^sEla yix Llasotlwalise gagak'laq qaes L&wiilgama^ye Sesaxalase.
Wa, g'ax^me gagak' lasosa Gwa^sEla lax Baase, qaxs g"axae mawa
40 ^naxweda Naklwax'da^xwe laq. K'les la aedaaqa lax Tegiixsta^ye.
Wa, he^maasexs g'axae g'ax~aLEla lax Swlg'a^yas Baasaxa la dza-
qwa. Wa, la yaq!Eg"a^}e L'.asotlwalisaxes g'okQlote. La ^nek'a:
"WilEntsos hoLelax g"olg'ukul6t, qaxgin k'lesek" ^nex' qEus
qadzeLexwa dzaqwax, qEns yu-me raex^edox, qEiis liiLEnsax gaiilaLa,
45 qEns hii qadzeldEmLe qo laPnaxwax"st!aax"LE tslEx'^idia Nak!wax"-
da^.xwax," ^uek'e. Wii, hex'^ida^mese Lax^illilExse Elkwase Peu-
gwide, qa^s ogwaqe yaqlEg^a^la. Wa, la ^uek'a: " Ex'^mis wtlldEmos,
g'igame, qaxs ^leLaqos winal laxox TslEudEgEmg'i^akwax k'.'ede-
laqlEs Qlumx'ode. Wa, he^mis ek'eltses waldEmos g'Igame, qEns
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 1051
(IV 4'), and therefore your word is good, chief. Let us || meet in the 50
daytime and talk witli the Nak!wax"da^x" about the marriage, for
I think there will be a sham-fight for the princess of Chief
I
QlOmx'od (IV 4)." Thus he said and stopped speaking. His
|
tribe agreed to what he had said.
|
|
Now they slept; and in the morning, when day came, || the 55
men of the Gwas^Ela dressed themselves. When they had finished,
|
they started in four large canoes; and when they arrived at the
|
island in front of Baas, the four canoes stopped. Then L!asoti-
|
walis (III 11) arose and spoke. He said, "Now, Chief Sewid, you,
|
chief of the numaym G'ig'ilgam, nowII go and ask Chief Q!umx'od 60
|
(IV 4) for his daughter in marriage;—and you. Chief GwayolE-
lasEme^—you, chief of this numaj^m SIsEul !e^,—go and ask in mar-|
riage the daughter of Chief Q!umx'od (IV 4);— and you, PEngwid,
|
of my numaym Q!omk' !ut!ES, go and listen behind our chiefs.
|
Now, you, my ll young men, paddle for these chiefs." Then he 65
stopped speaking; and they went into one canoe, the fastest trav-
|
eling canoe; and the young men paddled very fast, and
| arrived at
the beach of the house of Q!umx-6d (IV| 4). Then the two chiefs,
]
Sewid and GwayolElasEme^, and the speaker of Q lumx'od, 70|| Psngwid,
went ashore, and went into the house of Chief Q lumx'od (IV 4).
|
nEngalil laxEns w§,}dEmLa LE^wa Naklwax'da^xwax, qaxg'in k'ota- 50
^meg'ins amaqasol qaoxda k' !edelaq lEsa g'lgama^yae Q!iimx'5de,"
^nek'Exs lae q !wel^ida. Wa, a^mise ^naxwa ex-^ak'e g'okiilotasex
waldEmas.
Wii, he^mise la mex^ede. Wa, giPmese ^nax-^Idxa gaaliixs lae
^naxwa q !walax'^ideda bebEgwauEmasa Gwa-'sEla. Wa, g-Il^iesc 55
gwfdExs lae ^naxwa sEplededa motslaqe awa xwaxwak!una ya^ya-
ts!es. Wa, giPmese lag-aa lax ^mEkuma^yas Baasaxs lae msxaLa^ye-
da motslaqe ya^yatsles. Wa, lit Lax^iilExse L!as6tlwalise, qa^s yaqlE-
g-a^le. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wagll la g-Igamc. Sewida, g-Igama^yaqos
^nE^mem G-JgilgEm. LaEms lal waLaqag-illlElal laxa g-Igama^yae 60
Qlumx-odii, so^mets g-Igame GwayolElasEme, g-igama^yaqos^uE^mem
SisinLle' laEms lal waLaqag-illlElal laxa g-Igama^yae Qlumx'oda.
Wa, so^mets PEngwida, g-ayolaex laxEn^nE^memota Q!6mk-!ut!Ese,
laEms lal hoLcleg-ilxEns g-Iglgama^'yex. Wa, la-'mets laLol nos
ha^yal^a sexwalxwa g-Ig-igama^yex," -'nek-Exs lae qlwel^Ida. Wa, la 65
hogiixs laxa ^UEmtsIaqe xwaklunaxa ymga-'yas yae^yatslas, qa^s
sex^widaeda ha^yah'a yayana. Wii, g-tPmese lag-aa lax LlEma^isas
g-okwas Q!umx"odaxs lae hox^wultaweda ma^lokwe gTgama^ya, ylx
Sewide l5^ (jwayolElasEma^ye, LE^wa Elkwas Q!iimx'ode, yix Peu-
gwide, qa^s la liogwiLEla lax g'okwasa gigama'ye Q!umx-ode, qa^s la 70
1 She is really his sister.
1052 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
71 They went and sat down inside of the door of the house. . Then the
|
chief of the numaym GigUgam, Sewid, spoke, and said, "Now turn
|
your face this way. Chief Qliimxod (IV 4), and listen to what|
brought us here!" (That is the way they talk in great orations.)
||
75 "Now we have come to ask in marriage your princess TslEndE-
|
gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) , Chief Q !umx"6d (IV 4) , for the prince of our chief
|
L!as6tIwa1is(III ll),SesaxS,las (IV 8)." Thus he said, and he stopped
speaking. Then Q!umx'6d (IV 4) replied, and said, "Tell Chief
|
|
80 L lasotiwalls (III 11) that I accept his prince || Sesaxalas (IV 8),
because he is of the same rank as my princess." Thus he said, and
he stopped speaking. Then the chief GwayolElasEme^ arose and
|
|
spoke. He said, "Indeed, I never fail to get what I want and what I
|
try to get. Thank }^ou. Chief Qlumx'od (IV 4), that you do not|
85 refuse what we offered. Now |! I shall turn back and take your good
word, great chief, to my chief Llasotiwalis (III 11). Now, come.
|
Chief Sewid,—and you, PEngwid,—and let us go now!" Thus he
|
said. Wlien they had stopped speaking. Chief Qlilmx'od (IV 4)
|
90 spoke again, and said, "Please wait a while, chiefs, and
| 11 carry
along my princess TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) !" Thus he said, and
took three pairs of blankets, and he gave each of them one pair.
|
I
71 k!us^alil lax itwiLElas tlExilasa g'okwe. Wii, he^mis yaqlEg'a^le
gug^ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa G'Ig'ilgame, ylx Sewide. Wa, lit ^nek'a:
"Wag'il la helgEmlllLE gwasgEmllLol g igame Qliimx'od, qa^s hoLela-
6saxg"anu^x" g'fixenek"." Laxox gwegwasaxsa ^wa^walatsllax waklE-
75 ma. "Wa, g'ax^niEuu^x" waLaqag'illlEla laL, g'Igame Qlilmx'od, qaos
k"!edelax laxox TslEudEgEmg'i^lakwax, qa Lftwulg'ama^yasa g'lga-
ma^ye Llasotiwalise, yix Sesax§,lase, " ^nek'Exs lae q!wel^ida. Wa,
la Qlflmx'ode na^naxmeq. Wa, la ^nek"a: " Wiiga, aEm axa g'lga-
ma^yae Llasotiwalisaxgin daeLa^meg'ax Lawulgama^yase, lax Se-
80 saxalasa, ylxs ^namalaso-maa Logiin k'ledelEk'," ^nek'Exs lae q!wel-
^ida. Wa, he^mis la Lax^fdilatsa g'Igama-ye GwayoiElasEma^ye, qa's
yaq!Eg'a^le. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Qeu wale, qaxg'ln kMesek" wiyoLle-
nox"xEn gwE-'y&, qEn laloLlasE-'wa. Wa, gelak'as^la, g'lgame Q!um-
x'od, qaxs k'lesaex aEm Liilagwalaxg'in waldEmk'. Wa, la-
85 ^mesEn lal qwesgEmalalsg'as ex'g'os waldEmag'os ^walas g'igame
laxEn nosa g'lgiima^ye Llasotiwalisa. Wa, gelag'a g'igame Sewid
Lo^s PEngwid qEns lalag'I," nek'Exs lae q Iwag-Uila. Wa, g'il^mese
qlweFidExs lae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^le g"igS,ma^ye Qliimx-ode. Wa,
la ^nek'a: "Weg'aEmsL esElax, gugigilmc, qa^s lE^maos q!ElElqE-
90 laxg'ui k"!edelEk', laxg-a TslEndEgEmg'i'lakuk"," ^nekExs lae ax^ed-
xa yiiduxiixsa p !ELxElasgEma, qa^s la ts!EwanaqElasa ^nal-nEmxsa
laqexs yudukwae. Wa, g'll^mese gwalExs lae hoquwElseda yudu-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIKS 1053
After this the three cluefs went out, singing their sacred songs as 93
|
they went along. They went aboard the traveUng-canoe. The|
young men were sitting in the canoe, waiting for them.II Then they 95
paddled back to where the other canoes were left. The three cluefs
|
were stiU standing, carrying in their arms the blankets, and singing
|
their sacred songs. When they arrived, the speaker of Q!umx'5d,
|
PEngwid, spoke and said, "O Chief Llasotiwalis (III 11) ! || you will 100|
now see these chiefs coming, carrying in their arms the wife of
Sesaxalas (IV S). They are so great, that they obtain what they
|
want, on account of their greatness. Now, get ready, and let us pay
|
the marriage-money!" Thus he said, and he stopped speaking,
|
Then L'.asotlwalis (III 11) thanked him for what he had said, and
|
all the strong young men were put into two canoes || to be ready for a 5
sham-fight. After this had been done, the bows of the canoes were
|
put in line, and they started. Now on each side of the canoes (2 and|
3) with the young men, were the canoes used by the
weaker men and by the chiefs (1 and 4). ' ^—Z> When they
|
had nearly arrived at the beach of the house j ,^--—^ of Q liimx'od|
(IV 4), they did not see a single man || walk- ing about, for 10
theyhadaUgoneintothehouseof their chief '*~dZ^ Qlumx'oddV
I
4), and they saw a long roof-board stand- ing on end
|
at the bank in front of Baas, in front of the house of
kwe g'lgigama^ya yiyalagiitaweses yiyalax"LEne, qa^s la hexsEla 93
laxes ya^yats!a xwakliina, qaxs kludzExsalax'sa^maeda ha^yal^a
esElaq. Wa, la sex^wida, qa^s la aedaaqa lax mExalasases waox"- 95
tsIaqEla xwaxwakluna lax LaxLExuxsalax'sa-'maeda yudukwe
gegEnalalExsxa ^nal^uEmxsa p IslxElasgEma yiyalaqiila. Wa, g'll-
^mese lag'aaxs lae yaqlEg'a^le Elkwas Q!umx'6de, yix PEngwide.
Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg'a doqwalax g^Igame L!asotiwalis g'a-
xEmg-a g-ig-Igamek- gEnalalExsg-as gEnEmlg-as Sesaxalas. Helo- 100
laxaeg'a wiyol laxglns g'Ig'Egamek' qaos awawaasex. Wa,
weg'il la xwanal^idEx, qEns lalag-i qadzil-'eda," ^nek'Exs lae
qlwel^Ida. Wa, la-me mo^le l lasotlwalisas waldEmas. Wa, la^me
q!ap!eg-aalExdzEma telakwe ha^yal^a laxa ma^lts!aqe xwaxwakliiua,
cja^s gwalale qo amaqasolaxo. Wii, giPmese gwalExs lae -'nEmag'iwa- 5
les xwaxwak !unaxs lae sEp!eda. Wa, laEm ^waxsagawa^ye xwaxwa-
klunasa hiVyal^a lax ya^yats!a waoyatslala bebEgwaiiEma LE^wis
g'lgigiima-ye (Jig.). Wa, glPmese Elaq lag-aa lax LlEma^isas g'okwas
Q!umx"odaxs lae dox^waLElaqexs k'leasae ^uEmok" bEgwanEm
gigilsEla, qaxs lE^maax5L ^wFlaeLsla lax g'okwases gTgama-ye 10
Qlumx'ode. Wa,laxae dox-'waLElaxa ek' .'Ebalise g ilt!a wadzo saokwa
lax osgEmdza^yasBaase lax nEqEmalisas g'okwas Q !umxode, g'a gwa-
1054 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lirrii. ann. 35
12 Qlumx'od (IV 4), in this manner:
|
Its name is Climbing-Board.
Not all the Gwa^sEla knew what|
it meant, why the roof-board was
15 put up. Only one among the 11 old
men knew what meant, and then ~it
all the Gwa^sEla were forbidden]
by that one old man to paddle.
As soon as they aU stopped paddling, the old man, whose
|
name was Hayalk'in, spoke, and said, "Now, take care, young
|
men, of the roof-board that I see standing on end! It is
20 called Climbing-Board, for it means a mountain as it is stand-||
ing on the beach. TslEndEgEmg'i^ak" (IV 3) will come and sit
|
on top of what represents a mountain, and you, young men, will
|
be called upon to go up towards her whom we want to get in
marriage; and if one of you j'oung men succeed in going up to
|
the seat of TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), you must stand by her|
25 side and just stand still, and let our chief speak, for then we shallll |
claim TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3). If you do not reach the seat of
|
the princess (IV 3) of Cliief Qliimx'od (IV 4), then we can not get|
her whom we came to get in marriage. I mean that all of you|
men must take care." Thus he said, and he stopped speaking.
30 Immediately 11 they all paddled, and came to the beach in front of the
house of Qliimx'od (IV 4). Now, the bows of the four canoes
|
I
13 leg'a HeEm LegadEs NaxEdzowe. Wa, la^me k" !es ^naxwa q !S,le-{fig.).
leda Gwa^sElax heg'ilas gwaesa saokwe. Wa, het!a q!alanokweda
15 q!ulsq!ulyakwaq. Wa, la bfilasE^weda ^naxwa Gwa^sEla, qa^s gwal
mawisLe sexwa, yisa ^nEmokwe qltilj-ak" bEgwauEma. Wa, g'll-
^mese gwal ^naxwa sexwaxs lae yaq!Eg"a4eda qliilyakwe bEgwauE-
ma LegadEs Hayalk'ine. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg"a yaL!aLEx ha-
^yal^ qaEn d5gula Laesex g'tldEdzo saokwa. YQEm LegadEs Na-
20 xEdzowox, yixs uEk'I^lakwaex laxos gwaedzasex. Wa, g"axLe TsIeu-
dEgEmgi^lakwa kIwaxtEwIlxwa UEk'Plakwex. Wa, la-'mets Le4a-
lasoLoi ^naxwa ha^yal^a, qa^s laos naxa laloLlalxEns qadzeLasoLax.
Wa, he^maasexs lag'ustawei,e ^nEm6x"La laL ha^yal-a lax k!walaasas
TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe, qa^s laos Lax^waLEla lax apsaLEliis. Wa,
25 a^mets sEltlaLEla qa g'asg'ins gigigamek' yaeqiEntlala, qaxglns la-
^mek' laLEx Ts!EndEgEmg'i^lakwc laxeq. Wii, he^maaqaso wig'u-
stalaxo lax k'.walaasas k'ledelasa gTgama^ye Q!umx'odc: wit, la-
^mesEns wiyollaxxEns gagak' !asE^wexEn nenakile, qa^s a^maos ^na-
xwa yaLl^x'da^xwa yuL iia'yat'a," ^nek'Exs lae q !wel-ida. Wa, hex'^i-
30 da^mese ^naxwa sex'wida, qa-'s la lag-alls lax LlEma^sas gokwas
Q!umx-6de. Wa, la^me ^nEmag'iwalaxa m6ts!aqe xwaxwakluna
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1055
were in line on the beach; and first Chief Sewid spoke, and told tlie 32
|
Naklwax'da^x" to go and get in marriage the princess of Q'.umx'od
|
(IV 4), TslEndEgEmgi^lak" (IV 3). As soon as he stopped speak-
ing, the other chief, GwayolElasEme^, spoke also, and said the 35II |
same as the other one had said to the Naklwax'da^x" about their
|
coming to get in marriage the princess of Q !umx"6d (IV 4) , I Ts lEndE-
gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3). Thus he said, and took up a blanket. Then
he called one of his young men to go and stand by his side in the
|
canoe. Then he || counted five pairs of blankets, which he put on 40
his shoulders; and after he had put on the five pairs of blankets, he
|
said, "Now I shall marry you with these five pairs of blankets."
|
The young man went up the beach and carried them into the house
|
of Qlumx'od (IV 4), and put them down in the rear of the house of
|
Q!umx'od (IV 4). The Nak !wax' da^x" remained in the houses, and
|
not one of them showed himself outside. ThenII he counted five 45
more pairs of blankets on the shoulders of another young man, and
|
GwayolElasEme^ said, "Carry these five blankets." They con-
|
tinued doing this, and did not stop until two hundred and twenty
|
blankets had been given out of the canoe. After this had been done
|
he said, "That is all." Then he turned || towards the Gwa^sEla^ 50
spoke, and said, "Now, Gwa^sEla, we have finished. Now let us
|
see what is coming, how they wiU turn my word into war." Thus
|
k'Egesxa LlEma^ise. Wa, he^mis g"ll yaqlEg'a^le g'lgama^ye Sewide. 32
Wa, laEm nelaxa Naklwax'da^xwases gagak' laena^yax k'ledelas
Q!umx'ode lax Ts!EndEgEmg'i4akwe. Wa, g'iPmese qlweHdExs lae
Lax^wulExseda ^uEmokwe gigama^ye GwayolElasEma^ye. Wa, la^me 35
yaqlEg'a^l ogwacja. HeEmxat! &Em waldEmses nelena^yaxaaxa
Naklwax'da^xwases gagak' laena^yax k' !edelas Qliimx'ode laxTslEn-
dEgEmg'i^lakwe, ^nek'Exs lae dax"^Idxa p lElxElasgEme qa^s Le^lalexa
g'ayole laxa ha^yal-a qa las Laxwaxdzexa xwakliina. Wa, lii ho-
ts lEyap lEiidalasa sEk' !axsa p lElxElasgEm lacj. Wa, g'iPmese sEk' !ax- 40
saxs lae ^iiek'a: "La^mEn cpldzeLaseq sEkMaxsa plElxElasgE-
mai'." Wa, hex'^ida^meseda hel^a la lasdesas qa^s la gEmxcLas
lax g'okwas QIQmx'ode, qa^s la gEmxalilas lax ogwiwalilas g"6kwas
Qlumx'ode, yixs hex'sa^mae ^wi^laeLEleda Naklwax'da^xwe; k'!eas
^nEmox" nelEmalag'ilsa. Wa, la et!ed hots!Eyap!Entsa sEk"!axsa45
plElxElasgEin laxa ogu^la^maxat! hel^a. Wa, ^nek^e (jwayolElasE-
ma^ye dalaxeq sEkMaxsa. Wa, hex'sa^mes la gwek'!ale. Wa, Si-
amese gwalExs lae ^wFloltaweda hama^tsok'ala plElxElasgEma. Wa,
g'il-mese gwala lae ^nek'a: "Wa, laEm ^wi^la." La gwegEmx"^Id
laxa Gwa^sEla, qa^s yaqlEg-a^leq. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wa, Gwa^sEl, 50
la^mEiis gwala. La^mesEns olastogwaalExsL, qa gwebax'^ldaasLas
waldEmLasEn wPnede," ^nek'Exs lae kIwag-aalExsa. Wa, giPmese
1056 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktu. ann. 35
53 he said, and sat down; and when he sat down in tlie canoe, the
|
uncle of TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), Qasnomalas (III 14), came out
|
55 and stood in front of the house of Q!umx"6d (IV 4). || He spoke, and
said, "Is that 3'ou, Gwa^sEla ? Have you come to get in marriage the
|
princess of my chief Q IQmx'od (IV 4) ? Now, take care, Gwa^sEla !"
|
Thus he said, and turned towards tlae door of the house of Q lumx'od|
(IV 4), and said, "Sham-fight!" As soon as lie had said "Sham-
|
GO fight!" the || chiefs of the Nak !wax' da^x" came out, bent forward and
carrj'ing short poles representing speai-s, and went against the
|
Gwa^Ela, who were still sitting in their marriage canoes; and when
|
the chiefs had come out of the house, then the young men came.
|
They did not carry anything. They went right down to the beach;
|
G5 and when they had gone down, 1| the chief of the Gwa^sEla, L!as6tl-
walis (III 11), arose, and spoke to his tribe. He said, "Don't sit in|
this way, Gwa^ssla! Go and meet the great tribe!'' and he said,
|
|
"Waya'!'' and when he said "Waya'!," aU the young men stood
|
70 up in their canoes, jumped into the water, and went|1 to meet
the young men of the Nak!wax'da^x". Then they took hold of
|
one another; and while they were fighting, Ts!EndEgEmg'i^lak"|
(IV 3) went up to the top of the climbing-board, and sat down on a|
platform at the top of the board. They had not seen when she
|
53 k!wag'aalExsExs g'axaas g'axEWElse qluleyas Ts!EndEgEmgi^lakwe
yix Qasnomalase, qa^s Lax-wElse lax L!asana^yasa g'okwas Q!iim-
55 x'ode. Wa, la yaq!Eg'a4a. Wa, la ^nek^a: "So^maa Gwa-'sE-
lasa gagak' !aswa laxg'a k" !edelg-asg"In g'lgamek' laxg"a kMedelgas
Q!umx"6dewa? Wa, weg'illax'Qs yaL!aLEx, Gwa^sEl," a^me ^neksxs
lae gwegEmx'^id lax t!ex"llas gokwas Q!iimx'6daxs lae ^nek'a:
"Amaqaye'." Wa, g'iPmese q!iilbe amaqaxaena-yasexs g'axae
60 sesaxesale g-Igigftma^yasa Nak!waxda-xwe dedalaxa ts!E}ts!ox"stowe
dzomeg'ala sEsayak' !alas laxa Gwa^sElaxs k!udzExsalae laxes gaga-
k'!aats!e xwaxwak!una. Wa, g'iFmese ^wi^EWElseda g-igigama^ye
laxa g"okwaxs g'axae g'axawElseda ^naxwa ha^yal^a k' leasLal da-
ax"s, qa^s la hayints lesEla laxa LlEma^ise. Wa, g"il^mese ^wi4Ents!e-
65 sExs lae Lax^wulExse g'lgama^yasa Gwa^sEle L!as6tiwalise, qa^syaqlE-
g-a^exes g'okillote. Wa, la ^neka: "Gwallas he gwale, Gwa^sEl,
. weg'adza tiita^valaxwa ^walasex lelqw^laLa-'ye," ^nek'Exs lae ^ne-
k'a: "Waya!" Wa, g'iFmese wayaxaxs lae ^nEmag'IlExseda ha-
^yal^a q!wagitExs laxes yae^yats!e xwaxwakiiinaxs lae ^naxwaEm
70 dExumsta, qa^s tata^wfllex ha^yal^asa Nak!wax-da-xwe. Wa, la^me
dadEgox^wida. Wa, he^mis ales yala dadEgalas lae Ts!EndEgEmg-i-
^lakwe ekMe'^sta lax ek-!Eba^yasa Laese naxEdzo saokwa, qa^s la
k!wadzodxa LalaLEla lax aLotba^yasxa ga gwaleg-a. ' Wa, la^me
hewaxa g-ayanole lax-dEmas lag'osta laq, qaxs lE^mae alax'^Id la
1 See figure on p. 1054.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1057
went up there, for the || Gwa^sEla and the Nak !wax" da^x" were really 75
fighting. When she was seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) stopped his
|
tribe the Naklwax'da^x", saying that there had been enough sham-
|
fighting. Immediately he was obeyed by his tribe the Nak'.wax'-
|
da^x", who went back to the top of the bank of the village Baas, and
|
they all stood behind || the top of the chmbing-board. The Gwa^sEla, 80
on their part, went into their canoes. Then Qasnomalas (III 14)
|
spoke and said, "O Gwa^sEla! we have finished the sham-fight, for
I
we have made a name for the future child of Ts lEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV
|
3) , and our chief Sesaxalas (IV 8) . His name shall be El^Elkiilas and|
XomalElas, || if by good luck they obtain a child. Now, take care, 85
Gwa^sEla, on account of Ts lEndEgEmg' i^lak" (IV 3) ! She is sitting|
now on top of a mountain. | —Now you, young men, try to get her!
Go ashore from your canoes, and try one at a time to run up to the
|
|
seat of this princess of Chief Qlumx'od (IV 4) !" || Thus he said, and 90
stopped speaking. Then Chief Qliimx'od (IV 4) put down forty
|
blankets on one side of the climbing-board, and Chief Sewid of the
|
Gwa^sEla stood up and spoke. He said, "Don'i stay in this way,
|
young men of the Gwa^sEla ! Try to get the wife for our chief
|
Sesaxalas (IV 8) !" || Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Imme- 95
diately the young men of the Gwa^sEla went ashore out of their
|
xomaHdeda Gwa^sEla LE^wa Nak Iwax'da^xwe. Wa, g'll^mese gwa- 75
l^aLElaxs lae Qasnomalase bElk'!ig"a*lxes g'okttlotaxa Nak!wax"da-
^xwe, qa helax'ides laxa amaqaena^ye. Wa, hex"^ida^mese nanage-
g'esoses g'okulota Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa, la^me k" lEk'a, qa^s la^wilg-u-
st§, lax oxwiwalasas g"ox"dEmsas Baase, qa^s la ^wPla q Iwag'aEls lax
aLotba^yasa naxEdzowe saokwa. Wa, g'iPmese ^naxwa laxat ! hox^wa- 80
lExseda Gwa^sEla laxes xwaxwftk lunaxs lae yaqlEg-a^le Qasnomalase.
Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wa, Gwa^sfil, la^mEns gwalalaxa amaqa, qaxgins Leqe-
lek" qa LegEms xQnox^widElaxas Ts lEndEgEmg'i-lakwe LE^wa g-igSma-
^yox Sesaxalasax. Wa, la^me LegadElaxs EpElkiilase l6^ XomalElase,
qaxo wawalk'inala lax xQngwadEx'^Ido. Wa,weg'illayaL!4LEX, Gwa- $5
^seI, qag'a TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwak* g'axEmk' kIwaxtEwexg'ada nE-
g"ak'. La^meso g'axLos hS^yal^aq !6s laloL lalqEk". Wa, gelag'a hox^-
wOlta. laxos yae^yats !aq5s, qa^s giinx'^ldaos ^nal^uEmoklumk'a naxa
laloLlaxg'a k!waxtE^wes5gwasg'a k'edelg'asEn g'Tg^ma^ye Qlumx"-
6de,"^nek"Exslaeq!weHda. Wa, g"axedag-igama^yeQ!iimx"5degEm- 90
XElsElaxa mox"s6kwe p lElxElasgEme lax UpsEnxa^yasa naxEdzowe.
Wa, la Lax^wiilExse gugSma^yask Gwa^sEle Sewide, qa^s yaqlEg-a^le.
Wa, la ^nek"a: "GwaUas he gwex'se hS,^yal^as Gwa^sEl, qa^s lalag-aos
wawEldzEwa laloLlax gEUEmLasEus g-igSma^yox Sesaxalasex," ^ne-
k"Exs lae qweHda. Wa, hex'^ida^meseda h&^yaPasa Gwa^sEla la hox- 95
*wiilta laxes yae^yatsle, qa^s la qlwag'alls lax ox"sldzalisasa naxE-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 18
;
1058 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. an.n. 35
97 traveling-canoes, and stood at the lower end of the climbing-board;
|
and the chiefs of the Gwa^sEla stood seaward from the young men.
|
Then one young man tried to run up, but he did not reach the top.
|
200 Then they gave him one pair of blankets. || They continued doing
this. Now, there was one reall}- skillful young man, who was told
|
by the chiefs to go last, when all the others had given it up. He was
|
the only one left to run. Then Chief Llasotiwalis (III 11) spoke to
|
him, and said, "Now go, child! You are the one who has never
|
given up. Now go and get tlie name for obtaining the princess of
5 Cliief ||Q!umx'od (IV 4)!" Tlius he said, and stopped speaking.
Immediately the young man went. He stepped into the water to
|
wet his feet, and then he came back and ran up the climbing-board
|
and there he stood by the side of Ts lEndEgEmg' i^lak" (IV 3) ; and|
wliile he was standing there, the chiefs of the Gwa^sEla sang their
|
10 sacred songs. || Now Chief Qlflmx'od (IV 4) gave five pairs of blan-
kets to the young man. The name of tliis young man was Gwayos-
I
dedzas. Gwayosdedzas did not stand there long when he came down
|
with TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), and they went into the house of|
Q!iinix-od (IV 4). Now Qasnomalas (III 14) told the Gwa^sEla to
|
15 go back into their traveling-canoe for a Uttle while, "for 5-ou have||
obtained the princess Ts!EndEgEmg'i4ak" (IV 3) of my chief.
|
Now listen to what I shall say to you, Chief Sesaxalas (IV 8), to
your prince, Chief Llasotiwalis (III 11)1 Now you will receive the
I
97 dzowe saokwa. Wa, la^mesa g'igama^yasa Gwa^sEla qlwaes lax
L!asalisasa h&^yal^a. Wa, la wax' dzElx'ustaweda ^uEmokwe liel-a.
Wa la^mese wig'ustaxs lae tslasosa ^nEmxsa pIslxElasgEma. Wii,
200 la hex'sa^mese gweg'ila. Wa, la ^UEmokwa alak'Iala ex'sdEkMlu
hcl^a ^nex'soses g"Ig"lg&ma^ye, qa al^meLEs lal, qo lal -wPlal yax'^ldLes
ha^yaPa. Wa, g'IPmese ^uEmox-'um laxs lae yaq'.Eg'a^ieda g'igama^ye
L!asotiwalise, Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wegilla xilnok", so^maas k' leas wlyo-
LanEma. Ha'g'al la, qa^s Legadaosaso laLEs lax k"!edelasa g'lgS,-
5 ma^yae Q!umx'oda," ^nek'Exs lae qlweWda. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa
hel-a la taxtia lax dEmsx"e ^wapa, qa^s k!unk!unxsesElexs g'axae
aedaaqa. Wa, la dzElx"6sta laxa naxEclzowe, qa^s la Lax^waLEla lax
fipsaLElas TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe. Wa, g'tl^mese la Laxwala laqexs
laase ^naxwa yalaqwe g'igigama^yasa Gwa^sElases yeyalax"LEne. Wa,
10 la^meda g'lgama^ye Q!umx"ode yax^witsa sEkMaxse plElxElasgEm
laxa hel-a. HeEm LegEmsa hel^e Gwayosdedzase. Wa, k* !est !a giila
Laxwale Gwayosdedzasaxs g'axae laxa l6^ TslEndEgEmg'i'lakwe, qa^s
le laeL lax g'okwas Qliimx'ode. Wa, la^me Qasnomalase axk"!alaxa
Gwa^sEla, qa las hox^walExs laxes yae^yats!e yawas4da, "qaxs 1e-
15 ^maaxLaqos laLEx k' ledelasglii gigamek" lax TslEudEgEmg'i^lakwe,
qa^s hdLelaosaxgin waldEmLEk', loL g'lgSme, Sesaxalas, laxos l&-
wfllgSma^yaqos g'igame Llasotiwalis. Wii, laEm laLa mEwexLa
,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 1059
four house-dishes—the sea-otter house-dish, the sea-Hon house 18
I
dish, the whale house-dish, and the sea-monster house-dish. These
|
were given in marriage to the dead father (III 1) of my chief here 20||
Q!umx-od (IV 4), by Chief Qwax'ila (II 9) of the Koskimo. Now,|
Chief Sesaxalas's (IV 8) name wiU be Kwax" ilanokume^ (IV| 8),
and the marriage mat of TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) will be a hun-|
dred and twenty blankets,—else your wife, Chief Sesax&las (IV] 8)
would sit down on the bare floor of your house,—and also these ten |1
boxes of crabapples and five boxes of oil to be poured on the 25|
crabapples, and also the house which I obtained in marriage,|
Aurora-Face, from Chief Qwax'ila (II 9) of the Koskimo, and the
|
name for your dancer when you give a feast. His name shall be
|
MElned. That is all 1| now. Now, come, Gwa^sEla, and warm your- 30
selves in the house of Qlilmx'od (IV 4)! The fu-e is burning."
|
Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Immediately the Gwa^sEla
|
went ashore out of their canoes and went into the house of Q lumx'od|
(IV 4). When they had all gone in, they were given dried salmon|
to eat; and after eating, Q lumx'od (IV told his brother-in-law 35|| 4)
Sesaxalas (IV 8) to stop over night at Baas, so that Ts'.EndE-|
gEmg'i^lak" (IV 3) might get ready what she was going to take along.
Then Sesaxalas (IV 8) obeyed what his brother-in-law Qlflmx'od
|
(IV 4) had said. In the morning, when day came, the Gwa^sEla|
loElqtlliiaxa qiasa loqulila LE^wa LlexEne loqiilila LE^wa gwE^yime 18
loqulila LE^wa hanagatsle ioqulila. Wa, heEm gEg'adanEms omp-
^wulasg'ln g'lgamek", yixg'a Qlumx'odEk" laxa g-igama^ye Qwax'ilas 20
Gosg'imoxwe. Wa, la^mesa g'Igamayox Sesaxalasex LegadElts
Kwax'ilanokuma^ye. Wa, lak" le-waxsElag'a TslEndEgEmg'i^la-
kwaxa ma-ltsogug"iyowe plElxElasgEma aLak' wultaltLEg'a gEUEm-
g'os, g'ig&me Sesaxa.las laxes g'okwaos; g'a^meseg'a nEqasgEmk"
tenxstaatsle k' !ik" limyaxLa. Wa, he^misa sEkMasgEme dedEngwa- 25
ts!e Lle^na, qa k WngEmaxsesa lEnxe. Wa, he^misa g-okwe.
HeEmxaEn gEg'adauEma l !exL lexagEme g'ok" lax g'Tg^ma^yasa
Gosg'imoxwe Qwax'ila. Wa, he^misa LegEme qaes senatLaos qaso
klwe^las^IdLo. Wa, la^me Legadslts MElnede. Wa, laEm ^wFla
laxeq. Wa, gelag'a Gwa^sEl, qa^s g'axaos tEltsIa laxg'a g'ok"gwas 30
Qliimx'ode. LaEmk* lEqwelakwa," ^nek'Exs lae qlweHida. Wa,
hex'^ida^meseda Gwa^sEla ^naxwa holwillta laxes yae^yats!e qa^s la
hogweL lax g'okwas Q!umx-ode. Wa, gIPmese ^wPlaeLExs lae
hS,mgIlasosa tslEnkwe xamasa. Wa, gIPmese gwat ha^mapExs lae
&xk'!ale Qliimx'odaxes qliilese Sesaxalase qa xa^mase lax Baase, qa 35
k'lEswuLes Ts!EndEgEmg"i4akwaxes mEmwalaLe. Wa, la^me nana-
geg'a^ye SesaxSlasax waldEmases qlulese Q!umx'5de. Wa, g'JPmese
'nax-idxa gaalaxs lae moxsElaxes yae^yatslexa Gwa^sElasa lelEnxsta-
1060 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. as
loaded their canoes with the crabapple-boxes and the boxes of oil
|
40 and the four house-dishes; || and when all were aboard, TslEndE-
^Emg'i^lak" (IV 3) came out of the house of her brother QlQmx'od
|
(IV 4) with her husband Sesax&las (IV 8) , and she went aboard the|
canoe of her husband Sesaxalas (IV 8). When they were seated,
|
the Gwa^sEla paddled away, going home to their village Gwek'ilis.
|
45 As soon as they arrived || there, the father of Sesax&las (IV 8),
Llasotiwalis (III 11), told the J'oung men of his numaym to clear
|
out the house, because he wished a feast to be given at once by his|
prince Sesax&las (IV 8), for he was proud of the four house-dishes|
which he had obtained in marriage. When the young men had
|
50 cleared out the house, they went to invite the numaym || G"ig'ilg&m
and the SisEnL !e<' and the young men of the numaym Q!5mk' !ut!Es.
|
When they were all inside, they took ashore the ten boxes of crab-
|
apples and the five boxes with oil, and also the four house-dishes.|
They put them down inside the door of the house; and after they
|
55 had || been put down, Chief Llasotiwahs (III 11) arose and spoke.|
He said, "Now, look at these, you two nimiayms, GTg'ilg^m and|
SisEnL !e* ! I went to marry Ts lEndEgEmg" i^lak" (IV 3) the princess, |
of Chief QlQmx'od (IV 4); and by good luck I obtained these ten|
60 boxes of crabapples || and these five boxes of oil to be poured over|
ats !e LE^wa dedEngwats !e l !e^na. Wa, he^miseda mEwexLa ISElqtt-
40 Ilia. Wa, g'iPmese ^wilxsExs g'axae TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe hoqOwEls
lax g"6kwases wiiqiwe QIQmx'ode LE^wis la-wiinEme Sesaxalase, qa^s
la hox^walExs lax xwakliinases la^wiinEme Sesax§,lase. Wa, g'il-
^mese kliis^alExsExs lae ^nEmag'lLe sex^wideda Gwa^sEla. Wa,
la^me lal na^nax"L laxes g'okiilase Gwek'llise. Wa, g'iPmese lag'aa
45 laqexs lae hex'^ida^mese ompas Sesax&lase, ylx Llasotiwahse helaxa
ha^yal^ases ^nE^memote, qa ex^wldesex g'5kwas, qaxs ^nek^ae, qa
hali^lales klwe^lases L&wiilg&ma^ye Sesaxalase, qaxs yalaqalaases
gEg'adauEma mEwexxa loElqGlila. Wii, g'lHmese gwaleda hfi^yal^a
ekwaxa g'okwaxs lae hex'^idaEni la Le^lalasE^weda ^nE^memotasa
50 G'Igilgame LE^wa ^nE^memotasa SisEM. !a^ye, yisa hS,^yal^asa ^nE^me-
motasa Q!6mk'!ut!Ese. Wa, g'U^mese g"ax ^wPlaeLEXs lae moltoyo-
weda uEqasgEme lelEnxstaats !e k' !ik' limyaxLa LE^wa sEk'IasgEme
dedEngwats !e L'.e^na. Wa, he^misLeda mEwexLa loElqulila, qa^s
g"axe mEx^alilElas lax SwlLElasa tlEx-Ilasa g'okwe. Wa, g-il^mese
55 g'ax ^wl4a mEx^alllExs lae Lax^ullleda g'ig&ma^ye l lasotlwalise, qa^s
yaq!Eg*a4e. Wa, la ^nek'a: " Weg'a doqwalax ma^ltsEmax" ^nE-
^mem, yuL G"ig"i]g&m LosSlsEULle. Lax'dEn gagakMaxTslEndE^Em-
g-i-lakak- laxg-a k'ledelg-asa g-Igama^yae Q!umx-ode. Wa, g-a^me-
sEn wawalk'ineg'as lag'os dogtilaxg'ada nEqasgEmk' lelEnxstaats !e
60 k" !lk' IlmyaxLa Logwa sEk" lasgEmk' dedEngwats !e l !e^na k ItingEma-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1061
the crabapples. Now sing your feasting-songs, Gigil^Sm, and you, 61
SisKnLle^!" Thus he said, and stopped speaking; and immediately
|
the G'Ig'ilgafn sang their feasting-songs. They sang two feasting-
|
songs, and two feasting-songs were also sung by the SlsEULle^.
|
After they had sung their || feasting-songs, they poured the crab- 65
apples into the four house-dishes; and when they had poured one
|
box into each one of the house-dishes, they took one box of oU and
|
|
poured it into the four house-dishes. Then they took many small
|
dishes and put crabapples into them; || and when the crabapples had 70
been put in, they poured oil over them. Then all were wet with oil.
|
Then LlasotiwaJis (III 11) stood up and spoke. He said, "Now I
|
will distribute the dishes, my numaym Q!6mk' !ut!Es." He said,
|
"This sea-otter dish and sea-monster dish are for you, G'Ig'llg&m."
I
Immediately the young men put|1 the sea-otter dish in front of 75
the chief of the G'ig'ilgam, Sewid; and they put the sea-monster
|
house-dish in front of the prince of Sewid, K'imged. After this
| |
had been done, L!as5tiwahs (III 11) spoke again, and said, "This
|
whale dish and sea-Uon dish are for you, SlsEnLle^!" and immedi-
ately 11 the young men took up the whale house-dish and put it in 80
front of the chief of the numaym SisEnL !e^, (jwaySl^ElasEme^ ; and
I |
they took the sea-lion dish and put it in front of his prince X'ilx^ed.
|
xsa^ya. Wa, la^mets weg'il klwe^lalaLol G'TgilgSm los SisEULle^," 61
'nek'Exs lae qlweHda. Wa, hex"'ida^mese k !welg"a'leda G'ig'ilgame.
Wa, ma^ltsEme k !we4alay§,s q lEmq lEmdEma. Wa, laxae ma^ltsEme
k !we^Ialayas q lEmq lEmdEmas SisEnL !a^ye. Wa, g'll^mese gwala k !we-
^lalaxs lae gOxts IHlayoweda lEnxsta laxa mEwexLa loElqiillla. Wa, 65
g'iPmese gtixts loyoweda ^nal^nEmsgEme k' Ilk* limyaxLa laxa ^nal^nE-
mexLa loElqQlIla, lae &x^etsE^weda ^nEmsgEme dEngwatsIe Lle'na,
qa^s kliinqlEqes laxa mEwexLa l5Elq(ilila. Wa, g'll^mese gwalExs
lae Sx^etsE^weda qleuEme loElqlwa, qa^s &xts lilay^eda lEnxsta laq.
Wa, g'iPmese ^wFltsIaweda lEnxsta laqexs lae k!flnq!Eqasosa Lle^na. 70
Wa, g'iPmese ^wi^la k !flnq lEgEktixs lae Lax^flllleda g-igftma^ye Llaso-
tiwalise. Wa, la yaq lEg'a^a. Wa, la ^nek'a: "La^mEn k'ax-^idEl
nos ^nE^memot Q!6mk"!ut!Es," ^nek'EXs lae ^nek'a: "Loqiilas, G'lg'il-
ga.m q!asa LE^wa hanagatsle." Wa, hex'^ida^mesa h&^yal^a la
fc'ax'dzamolilasa q!asa loqiilil laxa g'ig3,ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa 75
G"ig"ilgame Sewide. Wa, la k'ax'dzamolFlEma hanagatsle loqOlil
lax nExdzamolilas Lfiwiilgama^yas Sewide K"imgede. Wa, g'iPmese
gwalExs lag edzaqwa ^nek'e l lasotlwalise : "Loqulas, SlsEnLla^ye
gwE^ylm LE^wa LlexEne loqfllila." Wa, hex-^daEmxaawiseda
ha^yal^a Sx^alilaxa gwE^ylme loqiilila, qa^s la k'ax'dzamollla lax 80
g'igama^yasa ^nE^memotasa SisEnL !a^ye GwayolElasEma^ye. Wa, la
ax^etsE^weda LlexEne loqiilila, qa^s la k'ax'dzamolFlEm lax Lawtllgfi-
1062 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
After tliis had been done, they put small dishes, one in front of each
|
85 four men (they call it || "La^taak"" when there is one dish for every
|
man, and one dish for every chief and for every prince). When
|
they all had been pnt down, L!asotiwalis (III 11) told them to go
|
ahead and eat, and they all began to eat; and after they were
|
90 through, || L!as5tiwahs (III 11) told them that now he had changed
the name of his prince Sesaxalas (IV 8), and that his name would|
be Kwax'ilanokume^ (IV 8), and that the name of his dancer would
be MElned. Thus he said, and turned to his numaym the
I |
Qlomk' !ut!ES, and said, "Don't sit in this way, numayni Q!omk' !u-
tlES, but go and get the marriage mat of TslEndE^Emg'i^lak"
I
95 (IV 3), the || hundred and twenty blankets, so that we may wipe off
the mouths of our chiefs; otherwise their mouths will be oih"."
|
Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Immediately the young men
|
went and took the blankets ashore out of the canoe. They brought
|
them in, and put them down inside of the door of the house. Then
|
300 Llasotiwahs (III 11) spoke again, and said to his l| numaym Qlomk" !u-
tlEs, "Now let us wipe of? the mouths of our chiefs with these
|
hundred and twenty blankets, the marriage mat of the princess of
|
Q!umx"od (IV 4)." Thus he said, and turned his face to the guests,
and said, holding one pair of blankets, "Now 1 will wipe off your
I
mouth, Chief Sewid." Then a young man belonging to the ||
I
83 ma^yase X'Ux^ede. Wa, g'iPmese gwalExs lae k-ax"dzam6lFlEma
loElqlwa laxa ^nal^uEmokwe bebEgwauEma. HeEm LegadEs
85 La^staakwe, yixs ^nat^uExulasE^waeda loElqlwasa ^nal^uEmokwe
bebEgwauEma, LE^wa g'ig'igama^yaxs ^nal^nExulaaxa loElqiilile
LE^wis LOLaElgama^ye. Wa, g'il^mese ^wllg'alilaxs lae waxasos
Llasotiwalise, qa h3,mx'^ides. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ^naxwa h3m-
x'^ida. Wa, gil^mese gwalExs lae neie Llasotiwalisaxs
90 lE^mae LlayoxLes Lftwulgama^ye Sesaxalase, qaxs lE^mae Lega-
dEs Kwax'ilanokuma^ye. Wa, he^mis LegEmas senatase, yix MElne-
de, ^nek'Exs lae gwegEmx'^id laxes ^nE^memota Qlomk" !ut!Ese.
Wa, la ^nek'a: "Gwatlas he gwaele, '^nE^memot, Qlomk' !ut!Es,
qa^s laos ax'edEx le^waxsa^yas Ts lEndEgEmg'i^lakuk'xa ma^ltsogil-
95 g'iyowa p IslxElasgEma, qsns diiyaxstEndayoxEns g'Tgig^ma^ye,
aLa XEULElalax qleqiEldzExstalalax," ^nek'Exs lae qlweHda. Wa,
hex'^ida^meseda ha'yal^a la ax^wQltodxa p lElxElasgEme laxa
xwakliina, qa^s g"axe Sx^alilas lax awlLElasa tlExilasa g'okwe.
Wa, lii Llasotiwahse edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a laxes
300 nE^memota Qlomk' lutlEse: "La'mEns dayaxstEndElxEns g'ig'Egft-
ma^ye ylsg'a ma^ltsogflg'Iyok" plElxElasgEm le^waxsesa k'ledelaxs
QlQmx'oda," ^nek'Exs lae gwegEmx'^Id laxa klwele. Wa, la ^ne-
k'a: "LaEm dalaxa ^nEmxsa p lElxElasgEma. La^mEn dayaxstEnd-
Lol g'Igamayai Sewide." Wa, lit Lax^iilileda liel^a g'aj^ol lax ^ue-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1063
numaym of Kwax'ilanokume^ (IV 8) took the one pair of blankets 5
|
and gave it to Chief Sewid; and Llasotiwalis (III 11) took up
|
another pair of blankets, and said, "Now 1 will wipe off your
|
mouth, Chief K'imged" (he meant the prince of Sewid); and this
|
also was given by a young man to K'imged; || and Llasotiwalis (III 10
11) continued doing this with the blankets; and when all had been|
given out to the numaym G'ig'ilgfi,m, then he also wiped off the
| oil
from the mouth of the SisEnLle/; and after this had been done, the
|
guests went out. Ts!EndEgEmg'i%k" (IV 3) did not have a child
|
by her husband Kwax'se^stala (IV 8), for she did not stay long ||
with her husband. Then they parted. Ts lEndEgEmg' i^lak" (IV 3) 15
went home to Baas. For two winters Ts!EndEgEmg'i%k"
| (IV| 3)
had no husband. Then she was asked in marriage by ^maxulag'ilis
(IV 9) of the numaym SeniJEm of the Kwag'ul; but her name
I |
was no longer TslEndEgEmg'i^lak" (IV 3), because her uncle ||
Qasnomalas (III 14) made her dance, and her name was LaLJElE- 20
wedzEmga (IV 3), and I shaU call her so after this. When| her
brother Q !umx"6d (IV 4 (but now the name of Q lumx'od (IV| 4) was
no longer Q lumx'od (IV 4), for his name was K' !adalag'i1is| (IV 4),
the name of his dead uncle K* ladalag'ihs' (III 12), and I shall
| now
name him thus, by this his new name) . . . || When ^maxuIag'iUs 25
(IV 9) finished speaking with K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4), then ^maxulag'j-
lis called the Kwag' ul tribes into the house of his son *nEmogwis.
|
I
^memotas Kwax'ilanoktima^ye, qa^s dax'^idexa ^uEmxsa p !ElxElasgE- 5
ma qa^s la tslas laxa g"Igama^ye Sewide. Wa, laxae etiede Lla-
sotlwalise dax'^idxa ^nEmxsa plElxElasgEma. Wa, laxae ^nek"a:
"La^mEn dayaxstEndLol glgJlmayai' K'imgede," lax LSwiilgJima^yas
Sewide gwE^ySs. Wa, laxae tslEwesa hel^a lax Kimgede. Wa, la
hex'sa gwekMalaxs yaqwae Llasotlwalisasa plElxElasgEme. Wa, 10
g'H^mese ^wilxtowe ^nE^memotasa G'Jg'ilgamaxs lae ogwaqa da-
yaxstEndxa ^uE^memotasa SlsEnLla^ye. Wa, g'll^mese gwalExs lae
^wi^la hoquwElseda kiwelde. Wa, kMestIa xiingwadEx-^Ide TslEndE-
gEmg'i^lakwe laxes la^wunEme Kwax'se^stala, qa^s k' lesae ^laEm gala
la^wadEsexs lae kMasa. Wa, g'ax^Em na^nakwe Ts lEndEgEmg'i^la- 1.5
kwe lax Baase. Wa, hetia la ma^lEnxe tsIHwunxas k"!eds la la-
^wtinEme Ts !EndEgEmg"i^lakwaxs lae g"ayox^wItsos ^maxulag'Ilise
g'ayole laxa ^nE^memotas SenLlEmasa Kwag'ule, yixs lE^mae gwal
LegadEs TslEndEgEmg'i^lakwe, qaxs lax'de senatses qlule^ye Qas-
nomalase. Wa, laEm Lex^edEs LlaLlElEwedzEmga laq. He^me- 20
sEn lal LeqElayoLEq. Wa, g'lPmese wuqlwase Qlumx'ode, ylxs
lE^maaxat! gwal Legade Qlumx'odas Qlumx'ode; ylxs lae LegadEs
K' !adalag'ilise LegEmases q Itileyolae K' ladalag'llis^wflla. Wa, heEm-
xaawisEn lal LeqEloyolqes ale LegEma. Wa, g'lPmese gwale wal-
dEmas ^maxulag'ilise lo^ K' ladalag'llisaxs lae ie^lale ^maxOlagl- 25
lisaxa ^naxwa Kwakug-ula, qa las ^wHlacLEla lax g'okwases xiino-
See p. 1079.
—
1064 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.S6
27 (V 1), and then ^maxillag-llis (IV 9) told the chiefs that he had
|
asked in marriage l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3), the princess of K' !fi,da-
lag'ilis (IV 4), the chief of the numajrm ^walas, and also| that
30 K" !&dalag'llis (IV 4) had told himII to marry his sister quickly.
Thus said 'maxulag'ilis (IV 9). After he had told| this to his chiefs,
the Kwag'ul agreed, and told him to marry quickly. Immediately
|
^maxQlag'ilis (IV 9) counted twelve hundred blankets with| the
young men of his numaym, theSenL'.Em; and when
| they had all been
35 put down, the chiefs toldII them to start, if the next day should be
fine. After they had finished talking, they went out and got
|
ready. At dayUght in the morning he put the twelve
| hundred
blankets into four large canoes; and when they were all aboard,
|
|
40 they started. At noon they arrived on the island in front of || Baas;
and when the four canoes came together, the chief
| of the numaym
SenL'.Em, HS,misElal, arose and spoke. He said to the chiefs of
|
the Kwag'ul, "Now, let us follow the words of our past old men in
|
I
regard to what we have to say when we go paddhng to get a wife •
45 Now, II Chief P lasElal, — and you, Chief Nolis, — and you, Chie
Kwax'se^staladze, — go and speak about the marriage to Chief
|
K' !adalag"ilis (IV 4). Now let the young men take you there, for
|
you always succeed in what you want, chiefs." Then he stopped
|
27 kwe ^nEmSgwise. Wa, la ^maxiilag'ilise nelaxa g'Tg'Egama^yaxs ga-
yalaax LlaLlfilEwedzEmga lax kMedelas K' I&dalag'ilise lax g'lgama-
^yasa ^nE^memotasa ^walase. Wa, he^mise K" !S,dalag"llisaxs lE^mae
30 §,Em hanaklQla, qa^s la qadzcLasE^wes wuq !wa, ^nek"e ^maxQlag'Ilisaxs
lae etalaxes g'lgE'gama^ye. Wa, la ^naxwaEm ex'^ak'eda KwakQ-
g'ulax hali^lala gagak' !a. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ^maxiilag'Ilise hos^wiil-
t'.alilaxa ma^ltsogQnwala p lElxElasgEma lo^ hft^yal^ases 'nE^memota
SenLlEme. Wa, g'llmese ^wIlg'alilExs laase ^naxwa ^nek-eda g'lg'E-
35 g&ma^ye, qa^s &lex^wida^mel qo ex'La 'nalax lEnsLa. Wa, gll^mese
gwale waldEmasexs lae hoqtiwElsa, qa^s xwanaHde. Wa, gil-
^mese ^nax"^idxa gaalaxs lae moxsasa ma^ltsogunwala plElxElasgEm
laxa motslaqe S,wa xwaxw&kltina. Wa, g'iPmese ^wIlxsExs lae
sEpIeda. Wa, k'les^mese nEqalaxs lae lag'aa lax ^mEkOma^yas
40 Baase. Wa, gil^mese ^wFla la q!ap!ewaleda mots!aqe xwaxwfi-
kliinaxs lae Lax^wulExse gugfima^yasa ^nE^memotasa SenLlEme
HamisElale. Wa,la yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek"alaxag'Tg'E^&ma^yasa
Kwakiig'ule: "La^mEn dax'^idLEx waldEmasEns q!ulsq!iilyax"da
laxwa g'axaqEns se^wena^ya gagak" lax waldEma, g"Ig'Egfime. LaEms
45 laLol, g'Igame, PlasElal los gugSme Nolis Los g"ig&me Kwax'se-
^staladze waLaqag-llilElalxa g'igEma^yae K" ladalag'Ilisa. Wa,
la^mets lal sexwasoltsa ha^yal^ax, qaxs so^mae k'leas wiyoLanEms
grg'E^&me," ^nek'Exs lae qlwel^ida. Wa, la l&se g'Tg^ma^yasa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 1065
speaking. And the chief of the numaym LaSlax' s^Endayo, P '.asElal,|
and the chief of the numaym Kiikwaklum of the Q!omoya,^ye, 50II
Nolis; and the chief of the numaym DzEndzEnx" q !ayo, Kwax'-|
se^staladze, went in one canoe; and the young men paddled,
|
going to the beach in front of the house of K' !S,dalag'ihs (IV 4).|
As soon as they arrived, the three chiefs went ashore and into the|
house of K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4). There they sat down next to the 55II
door; and first Chief P lasElal arose and spoke, and said, " Now sit| |
up. Chief K' !§,dalag'iUs (IV 4), and hsten to what I have to say.|
I come, sent by my chief ^maxttJag'ihs (IV 9), to speak about the|
marriage, for I want to pay the marriage money for || your princess 60
L !aL lEtEwedzEmga (IV 3)." Thus he said, and stopped speaking.
|
Then he sat down again; and Chief Nohs arose, and he also spoke,|
and said, "Now you have heard it. Chief K' ladalag'ihs (IV 4). I|
come to speak about the marriage, sent by my chief ^maxillag"ilis|
(IV 9), who wants to marry your princess, Chief K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4), |1
L !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3)." Thus he said, and stopped speaking. | 65
Then he sat down, and Kwax"se^staladze arose and spoke. He
|
said, "Indeed, it is necessary to speak in this way when we try to
I
get the princess of a chief. Listen to me, child, K' ladalag'Ihs (IV
| 4),
for I came here on account of a great thing. It is really from you
I
that I try to get in marriage your princess. Chief II K" !S,dalag'ilis 70
(IV 4). I come, sent by my friend ^maxiilag'flis (IV 9), to talk|
^nE^memotasa LaS,lax's^Endayowe P!asElale, l6^ g'igama^yasa *nE-
^memotasa Kflkwakliimasa Qlomoya^ye Nohse, l6^ g"ig&ma'yasa 50
^nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx"q!ayowe Kwax'se^staladze laxa ^nemtslaqe
xwaklttna LE^wa ha^yal^a. La sex^wida, qa^s la lax LlEma^isas
g'okwas K" !adalag"Ilise. Wa, giPmese lag'aaxs lae hex'^idaEm
hox^wultfi,weda yudukwe g'ig'Egama^ya, qa^s la hogwiL lax g'okwas
K' !&dalag"Ilise, qa^s klus^alile lax ftwiLElasa tiExila. Wa, he^mis 55
g*il Lax^ulileda g-Ig^ma^ye PlasElale, qa^s yaqlEg'a^le. Wa, la
^nek'a: "Weg'a, k!wagEmg'alliEx g'Ig&me K" ladalagilis, qa^s ho-
Lelaosaxg"InwaldEmLEk". G'ax^mEn ^yalagEmsEn g'lg&ma^yae ^ma-
xQlag'Uisa, qEn g"axe waLaqag'UilEla. G"ax^mEn qadzeLaxs k'!e-
delaq!5s laxox LlaLJElEwedzEmgax," ^nek'Exs lae qlweMda. Wa, 60
la kiwag-alilaxs lae Lax^ulileda g'lg&ma^ye Nolise. Wa, laxae
yaq!Eg"a*la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "LaEms hoLela g"Igame, yoL K"!Sr-
dalag'ilis. G'ax^mEn waLaqag'ililEla ^yalagEmsEn g'lgama^yae *ma-
xulag'llisa laxos k' ledelaq !6s, g"Igame K' !adalag"llis, laxox LlaLlElE-
wedzEmgax," ^nek'Exs lae qlweHda. Wa, laxae kiwag-alilaxs lae 65
Lax-tilile Kwaxse^staladze, qa^s yaqlEg-a^le. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"QaLaxs heqlamaaxs gwek" !alag"ilexwa laloLlax k'ledeiasa g'ig&-
ma^ye. Weg'a, hoLela g'axEn, xflnok" K* !§,dalag"ilis, yixs ^walase-
g'ln se^wenek". Alax'MdEn gagakMa laxs k'!edelaq!6s, g'igS,me KMS,-
dalag'tlis. G'ax^mEn ^yalagEmsEn 'uEmokwae ^maxdlag-Ihsa, qEn 70
1066 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
71 about the marriage. I come to pay the marriage-money for your
princess, Chief K' !adalag'ilis (IV 4), for l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3)."
|
After he had said so, he stopped and sat down. At once Qasnom-|
alas (III 14), the uncle of K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4), arose. He took one|
75 pair of blankets, || spoke, and said, "Now you have her, chief. Now|
your wife wiU go with you, chiefs. Now come and pay the marriage-
money, chiefs. Now your wife will go with you; namely, what I
I
carry here." Thus he said, and gave two pairs of blankets to each
|
of the three chiefs. Then Qasnomalas (III 14) gave two pairs of ||
I
80 blankets to the chiefs, and said, "This is your wife, these blankets."
|
Thus he said, and went out. Then the three chiefs went out,
|
aboard their canoe, and they paddled back. When they ap-
|
proached the place where they had left the three canoes, they stood
I
85 up, holding the blankets in their arms and singing their sacred songs.II
When they arrived, PlasElal spoke. He said, "Now look at me,
I
Chief ^maxiilag'ihs (IV 9) ! Now we come, carr3ang on our arms
I
your wife, l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3). Now we have her, Kwag'ul.
|
We were told to go ahead and pay the marriage money by Chief|
K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4)." Thus he said, and stopped speaking. ||
90 Immediately strong young men went aboard one of the canoes,
|
for it was known that the Nak !wax' da^x" always had a sham-fight
71 g-axe waLaqiigilila. G'ax^mEn qadzeLa laxos k'!edelaq!os, g"iga-
me K" ladalagllis laxox L!aL!ElEwedzEmgax," ^nek'Exs lae q!wel-
'ida, qa^s k!wag-allle. Wa, hex-^ida^mese Qasnomalase, yix q!(i-
le^yas K' I^dalagilise LaxHllila, dalaxa ^nEmxsa p lElxElasgEma.
75 Wa, la yaqlEg^a^. Wii, la ^nek'a: "LaEms laLa, gig-EgS,me.
La^mesEk" lalg'as gEnEmg'os laxs Lol, g"ig"Egame. Gelag-a qadzeH-
dEx, g-ig-Eg&me. Wa, la^mesEk' lalg'as gEUEmg'Qs yLxg'in daa-
kflk'," ^nek'Exs lae yax^witsa maemalExs p!ElxElasgEm laxa yudu-
kwe g'ig'Egama^ya. He^mise Qasnomalase la tslasa maemalExsa
80 plElxElasgEm laxa gig-Egama^ye. Wa, la ^nek'a: "YuEms gEnE-
moxxwa p!ElxElasgEmex," ^nek'Exs lae aedaaqa. Wa, hex'-ida-
^mese la hoquwElseda yudukwe g'lg'Egama^ya, qa^s la hox^walExs
laxa xwaklfina. Wa, g'ilx'me sex^wida. Wa, g'll^mese Elaq lag-aa
lax niExalasasa yudux"ts!aqe xwaxwak Ifmaxs lae Laxilmg'aalExsa
85 gegEnalaxa plElxElasgEme yiyalaqOlases yiyalax"LEne. Wa, g'il-
^mese lag-aaxs lae yaqlEg'a^le PlasElale: "Weg'a doqwalax g'lg&me
^maxQlag'Ilise. G'ax^mEnu^x" gEnalaxgas gEnEmg'os laxg'a lIo-lIe-
lEwedzEmgak". La^mEnslaLEq, KwakQg'ul. Wag'ilaEns S,Em qadzel-
^ida,' ' ^nek'eda g-ig^ma^ye K' !adalag'llise, ^nek'Exs lae q Iwel^ida. Wa,
90 hex'Mda^mese la hoguxseda lelakwe ha^yal^a laxa ^nEmtslaqexwtlklu-
na, qaxs qlala^maeda Naklwax'da^xwaxs hemEnala^mae amaqaxs lae
5
BOAS] FAMTLY HISTORIES 1067
when any one of another tribe married their princess. After tliis 92
I
had been done, they put the bows of the marriage canoes in hne
|
|
and paddled. When they came to the point of the || island in front 95
of Baas, they saw the climbing-board standing up in front of the|
house of K" ladalag'iUs (IV 4), and there was nobody walking about|
outside of the houses. Then the four canoes arrived in front of the
|
house of K" !&,dalag' ilis (IV 4). Then PlasElal arose, and spoke to|
the Kwag'ui. He said, "Now I will speak, Chief Nohs, and Kwax'- 400||
se^stala, the way our ancestors used to speak when they went
|
wooing." Thus he said, and turned his face towards the village of the
I
Nak Iwax'da^x"; and he spoke aloud, and said, "I come, great tribe,
|
|
Nak !wax' da^x", I come to woo l !aL '.ElEwedzEmga (IV 3), your ||
princess. Chief K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4)." Thus he spoke, and took a 5
blanket, and he said, "I get married with this one pair, two pairs,
|
three pairs, four pairs, ten blankets." Thus he said when there
|
were five pairs of blankets. And now the son of ^maxillag'ilis (IV
| 9),
^nEmogwis (VI), carried the blankets up the beach and put them
|
into the house of K' ladalag'iUs (IV 4) ; || and then PlasElal counted 10
another five pairs of blankets and put them on the shoulder of
|
^nEmogwis, and he carried them into the house of K" !adalag'ihs
|
(IV 4) ; and when there were five hundred blankets, he spoke again|
while he was carrying the blankets. "Now I carry these." Thus
|
gagak" lasE^wes k* ledelasa ogtixsEmakwe lelqw^laLa^ya. Wa, g"Il^mese 92
gwalExs lae ^nEmag'iwale &g'iwa'yas qildzeLatsIas xwaxwak !iina.
Wa, la sex^wida. Wa, g'lPmese tex^wld lax S.wi}ba^yasa ^mEkiima-
^yas Baasaxs lae dox^waLElaxa naxEdzowaxs lE-mae ek' lEbahs lax 95
Llasana^yas g'okwas K"!adalag'llise. Wa, la kMeas ^uEmok"
bEgwauEm g'ig'llsEla lax Llasana^yasa g'okula. Wa, la lag'aliseda
motslaqe xwaxwak !una lax nEqEntslesas g'okwas K" !adalagilise.
Wa, la Lax^ulExse PlasElaie, qa^s yaq!Eg'a^le laxa Kwakug'ule. Wa,
la ^nek'a: "La^mEn yaq!Ent!alal gigame NoUs, Kwax'se^staladze 400
lax gwek" lalasasEns q !ulsq !ulyax"da laxwa gagak'Iax waldEma,"
^nekExs lae gwegEmx'^d lax g'6x"dEmsasa Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa,
la yaq !Eg'a% hasEla. Wa, la ^nek'a: "G'ax^mEn ^walas lelqwS-laLe,
Nak!wax'da^x", g'ax^mEn gagakMaxox LlaLlElEwedzEmgiix laxos
k-!edelaq!os, g-igame KMadalag^ilis," ^nek'Exs lae dax'^idxa plEbcE-
lasgEme. Wa, la ^nek'a: "QadzeLaseq nEmxsa, ma^lExs, yuduxuxs,
moxsa last^ai'," ^nek'Exs lae sEkMaxseda plElxElasgEme. La^me-
se xunokwas ^maxulag'ilise, yix ^nEmogwise, gEmxusdesaxa plEl-
xElasgEme, qa^s la gEmxcLax lax g"6kwas K" ladalag'llise. Wa,
laxae et!ede P!asElale hos^idxa sEkMaxsa p lElxElasgEma, qa^s gEm- 10
xsEyaplEndes lax ^uEmogwise. Wa, laxae gEmxeLas lax g'okwas
K" ladalag'Uise. Wa, g'll^mese sEkMaplEnyag'Exa p lElxElasgEmaxs
lae edzaqwa ^nek'a, laEmxaa dalaxa p lElxElasgEme : "La^mEn
1068 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. ss
15 he said while he was counting another five pairs of blanliets; |1 and
when there were another five hundred blankets, then he said, " There
|
are one thousand blankets!" and he said again, "Now I carry these|
blankets. I call her with these blankets." Then he counted one|
hundred blankets and put them on the shoulders of ten young men;
|
20 and when they went up the beach, P'.asElal said, "NowII there are
eleven hundred blankets." When the young men came back,
|
PlasElal said again, holding up a blanket, "Now with these hun-|
dred blankets I Hft your princess. Chief K" l^dalag' ilas (IV 4). I
|
wish that j^our princess come now into my canoe." Thus he said, II
|
25 and put five pairs of blankets on the shoulders of each of the ten |
young men. They took them into the house of K' ladalag'ihs (IV 4) ; |
and when the young men came back, they went aboard their canoes.
|
Then Qasnomalas (III 14), the uncle of K" ladalag'ihs (IV 4), came
and stood in front of the house. He turned towards the door of the
|
30 house of K" ladalag'ilis (IV 4), and called out aloud, and said,ll
"Come, now. Chief K" I&dalag'ilis (IV 4), come out with yom- tribe
|
and take your princess to her husband, ^maxttlag' ihs (IV 9)!"|
I
Thus he said, and stopped speaking. Then the Naklwax'da^x" went|
35 out of the house of K' ladalag'ilis (IV 4) and stood in a row |1 in front
of the house. Then K' ladalag'ihs (IV 4) followed them with his
dalaxeq," ^nek'Exs lae hos'^idxa sEk"!axsa p lElxElasgEme. Wa,
15 g-IPmese sEk' !ap lEnyag'Exa p lEbcElasgEmaxs lae ^nek'a: "LaEm
loxsEmx'^ida heyag'owa plElxElasgEme." Wa, la edzaqwa; la
^nek'a dalaxa p lElxElasgEme : "La^mEu Le^lalaseq," laxae hos^Idxa
lak'JEnde plElxElasgEma, qa^s k' '.ExsEyap lEudales laxa nEqa,kwe
ha^yal^a. Wa, g'IPmese la hox^wiisdeseda ha^yal^axs lae ^nek'e
20 PlasElale: "La ^UEmx'sogiinwalai'." Wa, g'IPmese g-axeda h&-
•yal^a aedaaqaxs lae edzaqwe PlSsElale dalaxa plElxElasgEme. Wa,
la ^nek'a: " La^mEn Lag'ililasa lak'lEnde p lElxElasgEme laxs k'!ede-
laqlos, g-Ig^me^ K- !adalag-tlis, qaxg'In ^nek'Ek-, qa g-ax^meso
g'ax^alExsos k'!edelaq!os, g'igflme, laxg'In ya^yatslek-," ^nek'Exs
25 lae gEmxsEyap lEndalasa sesEk'laxsa plELxElasgEm laxa uEq&kwe
h&^yal^a. Wa, laxae gEmxeLas lax g-okwas K' !&dalag-Ilise. Wa,
g"ll^mese g'ax aedaaqeda ha^yal^axs lae hox^walExs laxa xwakluna.
Wa, g'axe Qasnomalase, ylx qlflle^yas K' !§.dalagilise Lax^wEls lax
Llasan^'yasa g'okwe. Wa, la gwegEmala lax tlEx'lIas g'okwas
30 K-iadalag-ilise, qa«s lEloxsa hasEla. ' Wa, ^nek-a: "Gela, g-Ig5me
K-!adalag-Ilisai'. Gela hoqQwEls LE^was g'oktilotaqlosai', qa^s
laLos taodaxsasos k'!edelaq!os laxg-a la^wQnEmg-asox Ifixg'a ^maxil-
lag'ilisa," ^nek'Exs lae q!wel-'ida. Wa, g-axe ^wMa hoqiiwElseda
Nak'.wax'da^xwe laxa g-6kwas K- !adalag-ilise, qa^s ylpEmg-aElse
35 lax L!asan§,^yasa g"6kwe. Wa, g'axe K' I^dalag'tlise ElxLalaxes k'!e-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1069
princess l !aL lElEwedzEinga (IV 3). l !aL lElEwedzEinga (IV
| 3) 36
wore on her head a hat covered with abalone shells, and she wore a
|
blue blanket covered with abalone shell, and she carried a copper
|
named Looking-Sideways. They stood in the middle of the line
|
of their tribe. Then Qasnomalas spoke, and said,II "Look at this, 40
chiefs of the Kwag'u}, at this wife of ^maxQlag'ilis (IV 9) ! This is|
the dress of my grandfather, the way l !aL IslEwedzEmga (IV
| 3) is
dressed. Now come, chiefs, to this wife of your chief, and let her go
|
with her marriage mat, the copper Looking-Sideways, which is
|
worth fourteen hundred blankets ; jl and her dress has sixty abalone| 45
shells, and your name will be Qlexetaso (IV 9), son-in-law, and the|
name of your dancer will be Hemask'as^o Qlomogwa and Hele^stes
|
and P !esp lEdzedzEmga and Ex' ts lEmalalih^ak" and Hamasi^lak";"
|
for the chief had many children, and ll therefore he received many 50
names as a marriage gift. "Now come, and take your wife,
|
chiefs!" Thus he said, and he stopped speaking. Immediately
|
the three chiefs—PlasElal and N5lis and Kwax'se^staladze — went
|
ashore. They went to the place where l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3) was
standing; and when they reached there, K' ladalag'ilis (IV
| 4) gave
two pairs of blankets to each of the three chiefs, and l !aL IeIewc-|| 55
dzEmga (IV 3) walked back with them. Then she sat down by the|
dele L !aL lElEwedzEmga. LaEm LEtEmale LlaLlElEwedzEmgaxa ex"- 35
tslEmsgEmala LEtEmla. Wa, laxae ^nEx^iinalaxa ex'tsEmala qo-
tsEma. Wa, la dalaxa Llfiqwa LegadEs LlEsaxElayuwe. Wa, la
q !wag-aEls lax nEq lEgelasases g'okOlote. Wa, la yaq lEg'a^le Qasno-
malase. Wa, la ^nek-a: " Weg'a doqwalax g'Ig'EgSmes Kwag'ul laxg-a 40
gEnEmg'as5x ^maxxilagilisex. HeEm gwalaatslEn gagEmpe laxg'a
lax' gwalaatsg'a L!aL!ElEwedzEmgak'. Wa, gelag"a g'lg'EgSme laxg'a
gEUEmg'asa g"Ig&ma^yex, qa lalag'isEk" ^UEmaxsEla Logwas le^waxsek"
laxg'a LlEsaxElayok", yixs moplEnyag'an^axwek* ylsa plElxE-
lasgEme, Logwas q!waq!(ilax-LEnk-, yixg'a qlELlEsgEmg'ustaklwe- 45
mak' ex'tslEma. Wa,he^misaLegEme laEmsLegadElts QlexetasE^we,
nEgilmp. Wa, he^misa LegEmLases senatLaos, la^me LegadElts He-
mask'as^o Q!6mogwa lo^ Hele^stes lo^ P '.Esp '.EdzedzEmga lo^ Ex'tslE-
malalili^lak" l6^ Hamasi^Iakwe," qaxs qlenEmae sasEmasa g"Ig&ma-
«yex, lag'ilas q!enEma LegErag'ElxLa^ye. "Wa, gelag'a daxsaxg'as 50
gEnEmg'os g'lg'Egame^," ^nek'Exs lae q!weHda. Wa, la hex'^ida^me-
da yudukwe g'ig'Egama^ye PlasElale, lo^ Nolise, lo^ Kwax'se^staladze
la hox^wGlta,, qa^s la lax Ladzasas L!aL!ElEwedzEmga. Wa, gil^mese
lag'aaxs lae K' !adalag"ilise tslEwanaqasa maemalExsa plElxElasgEm
laxa yudukwe g"Ig'EgS,ma^ya. Wa, g'axe qaqElax L !aL lEwedzEmgaxs 55
g"axae aedaaqa, qa^s g'axe k!wak!flgogwaalEXsas LE^wis la^wQnEme
1070 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. ss
57 side of her husband ^maxulag'ihs. They did not run up tlie chinb-|
ing-board, which was just standing there. When l !aL lElEwedzEmga
|
(IV 3) was seated, Qasnomalas spoke, and said, "Now wait a
|
60 while, Kwag'ul, for the privilege-box of j-our wife, ^maxOlag' i-ll |
lis (IV 9) !" Thus he said, and ran into the house of K' ladahig'ihs
(IV 4). And when he went in, the cannibal whistle and the
|
I
q !aminag&s whistle sounded, and the frog wliistle of the frog war-
dancer and the whistle of the fire-dancer, and it was not long before|
65 they stopped sounding. Then Qasnomalas came out of thell house,
swinging the rattle of the assistant of the cannibal; and he told his
i
tribe the Nak !wax" da^x" to beat time fast; and when they were
|
beating time, he caught in his hand the supernatural power of the|
winter dance and tlorew it upon the Kwag'ul. Immediately l !aL !e1e-
|
70 wedzEmga (IV 3) told her husband's son, || Yagwis (V 1), to get
excited, and then Yagwis (V 1) uttered the cannibal cry. He was
|
excited, went ashore, and ran into the house. Then Qasnomalas|
(III 14) spoke, and said, "Now I invite you in, friends, on behalf of|
my son-m-law ^maxiilag'ilis (IV 9), that we may pacify Yagwis|
75 (V 1)." Then he stopped speaking, and the II Kwag'ul went ashore
and went into the house of K' ladalag ihs (IV 4). When they were all|
in the house, ^maxulag'ilis (IV 9) and his wife l !aL lElEwedzEmga|
(IV 3) went in and sat down in the rear of the house; and wlien|
they were seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) spoke, and said, "Now,|
57 ^maxtilag'lhse. Wa, la^me hewaxa la nax^idaasa naxEdzowe. Wul-
^Em la Laesa. Wa, g'iPmese k!wag'aalExse L!aL!ElawedzEmgaxs
lae Qasnomalase yaqlEg-a^a. Wa, la ^nek'a: " Weg-aEmasL esElax,
60 Kwakug'ul, qa lasg'a k"!es^Ewats!ek' g'ildatsos gEUEmaqos, ^maxu-
lagilis," ^nek'Exs lae dzElwiLa lax g'okwas K' !adalagilise. Wa,
g'il^mese laeLExs laase hek'lEg'a^e niEdzesasa hamats!a LE^wa
q!aminagase, LE^wa xwak!walasa tox^wide wuqiesa, LE^wa nonltse-
^stalale mEdzesas hek-!ala. Wa, k'!est!a gala hek" !alaxs lae q !wel-
65 ^ida. Wa, g'axe Qiisnomalase g'axawEls laxa g'okwe yatElaxa
yadEnasox helik'asa hamatsla. Wa, lit waxaxes g'okulota Na-
k!wax'da^xwe qa t!Emsales. Wa, giPmese t!Ems^IdExs lae dasgEmd-
xa ^nawalakwasa ts.!ets!eqa, qa^s mEqEntsIeses hlxa Kwag-ule. Wa,
hex^^ida^mese LlaLJElEwedzEmga axk'lalax xiinokwases la^wunEme
70 Yagwise, qa xwases. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Yagwise hamadzElaqwa.
Wa, la^me xwasa, qa^s loltawe, qa^s lil laLlESEla laxa gokula. Wa,
hex'^ida^mese Qasnomalase yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek"a: "La^mEn
Le^laloLai' ^nE^uEmokwai' qaEn nEgiimpox ^maxuhig'ilisex, qEns
yalex Yagwise," ^nek"Exs lae q!wel'ida. Wii, la hex'^ida^ma Kwa-
75 kOg'ule hox^wiilta, qa^s la hogwiL lax g'okwas K- !adalag-Ihse. Wa,
g'il-mese ^wFlaeLExs lae hogwiLe ^maxQlag'ilise LE-wis gEUEme L!a-
LlElEwedzEmga, qa^s la klQs^alil laxa ogwiwalilasa g^okwe. Wit,
g-ll^mese klus^alllExs lae yaqlEg'a^le Qasnomalase. Wa, la ^nek"a
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1071
fiiends, Naklwax'da^x", be ready to pacify our great friend Yagwis SOII
(V 1)." When he stopped speaking, Yagwis (V 1) uttered the|
cannibal cry at the door, and then the Naklwax'da^x" sang four|
songs; ana when they had pacified Yagwis (V 1), Qasnomalas|
(III 14) let him sit down at the seat of ^maxulag'ihs (IV 9). When|
he was seated, Qasnomalas (III 14) brought the || carved privilege- 85
box. On top of the box was a neck-ring of red cedar-bark. Then he
|
turned to his tribe the Naklwax'da^x". He did not speak loud,
|
|
and said, "'Wliat shall we say against this, what I carry here, my
tribe Naklwax'da^x"? for tliis is what the late ^maxwa (II 1)
|
obtained in marriage || from the Awik' lenox". Now, this shall go to 90
my son-in-law ^maxulag'ihs (IV 9), and also the name for this|
cannibal. His name shall be Hamtse^stasElag'ihs; and after a while
|
1 shall give names to the other three dancers when I pay the mar-
|
riage debt." Thus he said while he was putting down in front of
|
Yagwis (V 1) the box containing the carved privileges. After 951| this
they gave food to the Kwagul; and as soon as the Kwag'ul had
|
eaten, they went out, and Yagwis (V 1) carried the carved box.|
Then he went out of the house and went aboard the canoe of his
|
father ^maxulag'ihs (IV 9). Now l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV
| 3), and
"Wegil la ^ne^nEmok", Nak!wax'da^x", q lagEmg-aliLEx, qEns y&W-
dexEns ^nEmox"dzek"ase lax Yagwise." Wa, g'll'mese q!weHdExs 80
g-axae hamtslEg'a^le Yagwise laxa tiEx'ila. Wa, la^me dEnx^'ideda
Nak!wax'da^xwasa mosgEme q lEmq !EmdEma. Wa, g^il^mese yaI4de
Yagwisaxs lae klwag'all^lEms Qasnomalase laxklwaelasas^miixulag'i-
hse. Wa, g'll^mese k!wag-alilExs g'axaase Qasnomalase dalaxa
k-!awats!e kMesgEmala g-ildasa. Wa, la wtilk'Eyaleda LEkwe k'!a- 85
wats !ek' linala qEnxawe LlagEkwa. Wa, la gwegEmg'alll laxes
g'okulotaxa Naklwax'da^xwe. Wa, la k'!es hasElaxs lae yaqlE-
g'a^la. Wa, la -nek'a: "Qa ^maseltses waldEmLaSs, g^okidot,
Naklwax'da^x"; qag'in daakuk" yixs g'a^mae gEg'adanEms ^maxwola
laxa Awik' lenoxwe. Wa, la^mesik- lal laxEn nEgumpex laxox 90
^maxulag'ilisex. Wa, he^misa EegEme qaeda hamatsla. LaEms
LegadElts Hamtse^stasElag'ihse. Wa, al^EmhvisEn Lex^edLEx LeLEgE-
masa yuduxwidala leled, qEnLo qotex'aLo," ^nek'Exs lae hangEmli-
lasa k-!awats!e k'lesgEmala gildas lax Yagwise. Wa, g'ii-'mese
gwalExs lae h&mg"ilasE*weda Kwakug'ule. Wa, g'il^mese gwaleda 95
Kwakijg-ule ha^mapExs lae hoqiiwElsa. Wa, la he^mise Yagwise da-
laxa k'!awats!e k'lesgEmala g'ildasaxs lae lawsls laxa g'okwe, qa^s
la laxs lax xwaklunases ompe ^maxulag'llise. Wa, la ElxLa^ye
LlaLlElEwedzEmga LE^wis la^wCnEme ^maxdlagilisaxs lae hoquwEls
1072 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [bth. ann. sa
500 her husband ^maxfiJag'iUs (IV 9), went last || out of the house, and
went aboard the canoe in which Yagwis (V 1) was seated. When
|
all the Kwag'ul had gone aboard, they started, and went home to
Fort Rupert. Late at night they arrived at Fort Rupert, and
|
|
immediately aM the Kwag'ul went ashore into their houses. When
|
5 dayhght came, in the morning, ^maxiilag'ilis (IV 9) invited || the
Kwag'ul to a feast in the house of his son ^nEmogwis (V 1), for now|
his name was no longer Yagwis (V 1), because it was no real winter|
dance. When all the GwetEla, Q!6moy§,^ye, ^walas Kwag'ul, and
|
Q!5mk'!ut!ES had come in, they were given breakfast; and after
|
10 breakfast ^nEmogwis (V 1) took the copper || Looking-Sideways and
told the four Kwag'ul tribes that he was going to sell it. At once the
|
chief of the numaym G'ig'ilg&m of the Qlomoyi^ye, whose name|
was ^walas, arose, and asked ^nEmogwis (V 1) for the copper.
|
Immediately *nEm5gwis (V 1) gave the copper to the chief 'walas.|
15 He took it, and said that he || would buy it for fourteen hundred
blankets. When he stopped speaking, ^nEmogwis (V 1) thanked him
|
for what he had said; and after they had finished talking, the
|
Kwag'ul tribes went out before noon. Then Chief 'walas called to-
|
20 gether the four Kwag'ul tribes, to sit in the summer seat outside| II of
his house; and when all the Kwag'ul had assembled, ^walas asked all
|
the men to pay their blanket debts, and immediately they paid him.
|
500 Is-^^ g'okwe qa^s la hox^w&lExs lax la kiwaxdzats Yagwise. Wa, g"il-
^mese ^wilxseda KwakQg'ulaxs lae sEp !eda, qa^s la na^nak" laxTsaxise.
Wa, la^mese gala -ganoLExs lae lag-aa lax Tsaxise. Wa, a^mise
hex'^idaEm ^naxwa la hox^wiiltaweda KwakQg'ule, qa^s la laxes
g'ig"okwe. Wa, giPmese ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs lae Le^Iale ^maxQlag"!-
5 lisaxa Kwakdg'ule, qa, las kiwela lax g"okwases xilnokwe 'nEm5-
gwise, qaxs lE^mae gwal LegadEs Yagwise, qaxs k'lesae &laEm
ts !ets !eqa. Wa, g'il-mese g'ax ^wPlaeLeda GwetEla LE^wa Qlomoya^ye
LE^wa 'walase Kwag'ula LE^wa QlomkMutlEse, lae gaaxstala. Wa,
giPmese gwal gaaxstalaxs lae Sx^ede ^nEmogwisaxa Llaqwa, lax l!e-
^Q saxElayowe, qa^s nelexa mosgEmakwe Kwakug'ulExs lE^mae laxodLEq.
Wa, hex'^ida^mese Lax^ullle g'ig§,ma^yasa ^uE^memotasa G'ig'il^a-
masa Qlomoya^yexa LegadEs ^walase. Wa, la dak'Ialaxa Llaqwa
lax ^nEmogwise. Wa, ht'x'^ida^mese ^nEmogwise la tslasa Llaqwa
laxa g'l^ama^ye ^walas. Wa, la^me dax'^IdEq. Wa, laEm '"nek'EXs
5 lE^mae k'ilxwas m5p!Enyag'an§,la p!ElxElasgEm laxa Llaqwa, ^ne-
J
k"EXs lae qlweHda. Wa, he^mise ^nEmogwise mo^las waldEmas.
Wa, g'il^mese gwale waldEmasexs lae hoqQwElseda Kwakflg'ulaxa
kMes^Em nEqiila. Wa, bex'^ida^mesa g'Ig3,ma^ye ^walase Lex'LElsaxa
mosgEmakwe Kwaktlg'ula qa las klxitslEs laxa Swagwase lax LlasanS,-
20 ^yas g'okwas. Wa, g"il^mese ^wIlg'aElseda Kwakilg'ulaxs lae gOgOne
'walasaxes g'ig'alaxa ^naxwa bebEgwanEmaxa p IslxElasgEme. Wa, la
KOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 1073
The Kwag'ul did not stay there a long time. They paid enough for 23
|
the price of the copper. Then they bought it for fourteen hundred
|
blankets; and after they had bought it, Yagwis (V
|| 1) became excited 25
again, and in the evening he was pacified. Then he danced, wearing
|
around his neck the thick cedar-bark ring which carried the winter
|
dance, and a thick head-ring of red cedar-bark, and he also wore the
|
bear-skin blanket while he was dancing. After they had sung four
|
songs for him, he was pacified. Now he had the name given him in 30||
marriage by K' ladalag ills (IV 4). Now his name was Hamtse-
|
^stasElag'ilis (VI); and after this he was no longer called Yagwis
(V 1) and when he went into the sacred room, they gave away the; |I
fourteen hundred blankets to the four Kwag'ul tribes; and after the
|
blankets had been given away, the Kwag'ul went out. This was the 35
||
marriage mat given by l !aL lElEwedzEmga (IV 3) to her husband,
]
fourteen hundred blankets. Now K" !adalag'ilis (IV 4) is going to|
pay the marriage debt to his brother-in-law ^maxulag'ilis (IV 9) the
coming winter. I That is all about this. I
Now I shall answer what I have been asked by you about the late 1
chief 'maxiiyaUdze when he married Q !ex'sesElas (III 7) , the princess of
I
Q liimx' 5d (II 8) . Q !umx' od gave in marriage his name Q !umx' od to|
I
hex'^idaEm giinasE^wa. Wa, k' lest !a gex'g'asa Kwakiig'ulaxs lae he- 22
laleda giina^ye plElxElasgEm lax laoxwasa Llaqwa. Wa, hex"^ida-
^mese k"ilxwasa mop !Enyag"anahi p !ElxElasgEm laxa l !aqwa. Wa, g'il-
^mese gwala kil.xwaxs lae xwasa et!ede YJigwise. Wii, la ganub'idExs 25
lae yaiasE^we Yagwise. Wa, giPmese yix^wldExs lae qEnxalaxa LEkwe
k'losEnxawe iJagEkwa LE^wa LEkwe qExime L!agEkwa. Wa, laxae
-uEx^iinalaxa LJEntslEme 'nEx-uniVyaxs lae yixwa. Wa, gU^mese
gwal q!Emtasosa mosgEme q lEmq !EmdEmxs lae yal^ida. Wa, la-
^me LegadEsa LegEmg^ElxLa^yas KMadalagilise. Wa, laEm LegadEs 30
IIamtse^stasElag"ihse. Wa, laEm gwal LegadEs Yagwise laxeq.
Wa, giPmese lats!alll laxa lEme^latsIaxs lae yax^wldayoweda pIsLxE-
lasgEme mop!Enyag"anala laxa mosgEmak!iise Kwakiig'ula. Wa,
g"iHmese gwfda yacjwasa p lElxElasgEmaxs lae ^wPla hoquwElseda
Kwakiigule. Wa, heEm le^waxses LlaLlElEwedzEmga laxes la^wu- 35
uEma moplEuyaganala plElxElasgEma. Wa, la^mese qotex'aLe
K'!a;dalag'ilisaxes qlulese ^maxillag'llisaxwa ts!awunxLex. Wa,
laEm lala laxeq.
Wii, la^mesEn na^naxmelxes wuLasE^wosg'axEnlaxa g"igama^yolae 1
^maxuyahdze ylxs lae gEg'adEs Qlex'sesElas lax k'ledelas Q!inn-
x'ode. Wa, la^ae Qlumx'ode LegEmg'ElxLalaxes LegEme Qlumx'ode
1 This is the marriage of ^maxiilag'ilis, the narrator, to his second wife.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 19
1074 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
his son-in-law, ^maxtiyalidze (III 1). Then the name of ^maxflyahdze
ll
5 was Q!umx"6d after that. Then the father-in-Lxw (II S) of the one who
had now the name Qlumx'od gave property to his tribe, and then
|
he had the name Q !umx' Elag'ilis (II S) . Now one of the family names|
of the chief Q !Cimx'6d (II S) had been given away in marriage, for he|
gave him a name in marriage ; for Q !umx' od had many family names
|
before he had given the name Q'.umx'od to his son-in-law ^ma-
10 xiiyahdze. || His family names were NEg'a and NEg'adze, and
|
NEg'aesi%k", and NEg'agi^lak", and the other kind of mountain
names were Qlumx'od, and Q!umx'Elag'ihs, and Q!umx'axElag'ihs;
|
and as soon as he had given away in marriage one of his family
I
names, he took another one of his family names. Wlaen he gave
|
15 away in marriage the name Q!umx'od, all he gave potlatch to liis
tribe, and took the other name Q!umx'Elag'ihs; and Ids numaym
|
had no word against it, because they were his own famdy names.|
|
And when the princess of Q!iimx'Elagilis married agam, he could
|
20 give away in marriage the name Q!umx'Elag"ilis. || He gave a pot-
latch to his tribe, and took his other family name Q lumx'axElag'ihs;
|
and when he had given these thi-ee family names in maniage —
|
Q!umx"6d, Qklmx'Elag'ihs, and QIumx'axElag'ilis—then he had
|
the name NEg'ii and the other family names derived from mountain.
|
Therefore you know that I did not make a mistake when (I said that)
25 he who had the name Qlilmx'od and gave the name|| Q!umx'od
laxes nEgttmpe ^maxfiyalidze. Wa, laEm Legade ^maxtiyalidzas
5 Qlumx'ode laxeq. Wii, la'lae nEgiimpasa la LegadEs Qlumxode
plEs^idxes g'okulote. Wa, laEm LegadEs Qlumx'Elagilise. Wa,
laEm ^nEmsgEmgElxLale LexLEgEmelasa g'Igama ylx Qlumx^ode,
ylxs lae LegEmg'ElxLalaq, yixs ((lenEmae LexLEgEmelasa Q!umx"ode,
ylxs kMes^mae LegEmgElxLalax Q!umx'6de laxes UEgumpe -maxii-
10 ya^lidze. Wa, g'a^mes LexLEgEmeltseg'a NEg'a, l6^ NEgadze,
NEg'aesi^lak", NEg"ag"i^lak". Wii, g'a^mes ^uEmx'sa nEg'ii LeLE-
gEnie Q!ilmx"ode l6^ QIOmx'Elagilis lo QIumx'axElagulis. Wa,
g'iPmese LegEmg'ElxLah^xa ^uEmsgEme laxes LexLEgEmile lae
Lex^etsa ^uEmsgEme laxes LexLEgEmlle. Wa, he^maexs lae LegEm-
15 g'ElxLalax Qlumx'ode. Wa, lii p!Es-Idxes g'okulote. Wa, la
ax^edxes ^uEmsgEme LegEme Qlumx'Elag'ilis. Wii, la k"!eas wal-
dEms ^uE^memotaseq qaxs has^maaq LexLEgEmila.
Wii, g'll-'mese et!ed hl-wade k'ledelas QIumx'Elag'tlise, wa, la
gwex'^idaasnox"^Em la LegEing'ElxLalax Q!umxElagilise. Wii, la
20 p!Es^idxes g'okulote qa^s axedexes ^nEme LexLEgEmile QIumx'Ela-
g'ihs. Wa, g'il^mese ^wi^la la LegEmg'ElxLiilaxa yudux"sEme LexLE-
gEmiltse Qlumx'ode lo^ Q!umx'Elagilise lo' QIumx'iixElagilise, lae
Lex^edEs NEg'ii LE^wes waokwe nanax'bala LexLEgEmila. Wii,
hermits lag'ilaos q!aLElaxg'iu k'!esek' LexLequlilg'in lek' nex'qexs
See pp. 1029, 1030, individual II 8.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1075
away in marriage, liad the name Q!umx"Elag'ilis. Tliat is all 2G
|
about this.
|
Now ' I shall talk about the children ofQ !umx' od (III 1 ) , K' esoyak" e-
Us, and Hamdzid, and the two nephews of Qlumx'od; for Agwila
|
I
(III 12) was the younger brother of Q lunix'od. The name of the elder
one llof the children of Agwila was HiiqElax (IV 10 ) , and thename of the 30
younger one was Q lex'Laia (IV 11) ; and the marriage of Agwila and
|
his wife was a disgrace, for Agwila never performed the marriage
|
ceremony with his wife Alak'ilayugwa (III 13). Some men say that
|
Alak' ilajTigwa was an Awlk' !enox" woman, and others say that she
|
was a Gwa^sEla woman, and they are ashamed || to talk about them. 35
This is what the Indians call an irregularly married woman, when
| she
just takes her husband without being formally married.
| It is like the
female dog and the male dog sticking together. These children
| of the
chief are not counted, because their parents acted this way;
| and the
numaym of Agwila was the || numaym of his elder brother Q lumx'od. 40
Agwila was never treated well by his people, because he had
| for
his wife Alak'ilayugwa, and they were not formally
| married;
therefore his children were not well treated, for they were
| a dis-
grace to his elder brother Q lumx'od. Then Q!umx'5d pitied his
|
two nephews; therefore he took them as his dancers. That
|| is all 45
about this.
|
LegEmg-ElxLalae Qlumx-odaxes LegEme Qlumx'ode. Wa, la LegadEs 25
Qltimx'Elagilise. Wa, laEni gwaia laxeq.
Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal lax sasEmas Qlflmx'ode laxK'esoya-
k'Elise l6^ Hftnidzide LE^wa ma^lokwe LOLales Q.'umx'ode, yix
Agwila yixs ts!.Vyaas Qlumx'ode. Wa, la Legade ^n6last!EgE-
ma^yas sassmas Agwila yis HaqElal. Wa, la Legade tsla^yas 30
Qlex'Lala, yixs qlEma^yae ha^yasEk-alaena^yas Agwila LE^wis gE-
nEme qaxs hewaxae Agwila qadzcLaxes gEUEme Alak'ilayugwa, yixs
'nek^aeda waokwe bEgwauEmqexs Awik' laxsEmae Alak'ilayugwa.
Wa, la ^nek^eda waokwaqexs Gwa^sElaxsEmae. LaEm max'ts!a
gwagwex's^ala laq. Wa, hcEm gwE^yasa baklume k.'dtExsdaxa ts!E- 35
daqe yixs wul^mae la^wadEx'^Itses la^wiiuEme k'!es qadzeLasE^wa.
(He gwex'sa -wats!axs k!utExsdaeda tslEdaqe ^watsle LE^wa bEgwa-
nEme ^wat !sa.) Wa, heEm k' !es gElokwe sasEmasa g'lgama^yaxs hae
gwex'^ides g'lg'aolnokwe. Wa, heEm ^iiE^memots Agwila yix ^ue-
^memotases ^nole Q!timx-5de. Wa, heEm hewiixaEm aek-ilaso^ses 40
g'okulote Agwila qaxs lae gEg'atses gEUEme Alak'ilayugwa yLxs
k'lesae qadzeLaq. Wa, laxae k-!es aek'ilasE^we sesEnias qaxs
lE-'mae qlEmeses ^nole Qliimx-ode. Wa, la'lae Q!iamx-ode wiitses
ma^lokwe LOLaleya, lagilas ax^edEq qa liis lax senatas. Wii, laEm
gwala laxeq. 45
1 See p. 1034, line 89.
1076 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. sb
46 Now I shall talk about my wife's uncle, Qasuomalas (III 14) ;' for|
that is his shaman's name, for it is said that Qasnomulas was the name
|
among people of olden times for a great shaman ; and when he had a
50 son, or even a daugliter, the child was at once washed in water toII
I
be purified, for they wished that when he grew up he should be a
|
shaman, for they wished the child to have the name Qasnomalas.
|
Qasnomalas the shaman never had a child, and the name of
|
Qasnomalas is past, because he just died this summer while he was
|
fishing at Rivers Inlet. Il
55 Now I shall talk about his name as chief of the numaym
|
TEmltEmlEls of the Naklwax'da^x" on his father's side which was
|
YaqoLas (III 14) ,for YaqoLas (1 5) was the father of P lasElal. Lalep la-|
las was an only child —, that is the mother of P !asElal — , and her
|
father was LElak'Enx"^id, head chief of the numaym ^walas. Then
]
60 Lalep lalas made a potlatch || for her son P lasElal. Then she gave
him the name G'exse^stalisEmaS'e. Now he was the head chief
|
of the numaym ^walas. Now he obtained the name G' exse^stali-|
sEma^ye from his mother's side; for some chiefs of the tribes and
|
their wives do that way. The chief and his wife both gave a pot-
j
65 latch, and their son had |1 one name from the father's side and one
name from the mother's side. This is done by couples who do not
|
^0 Wii, hi^mesEn gwagwex's-fdal lax ci!ule^yasEn gEUEme Qasnomalas,
yixs Legadaas laxes paxalaene-ye qaxs Legadaa^laes gilg^allsasa Le-
gEmox Qasnomalasexa ^walase paxala. Wii, g'il'mese xungwa-
dEX'^itsa brdjagume LE^wa wax^^Em ts!ats!adagEma lae hexidaEm
50 g'igiltala laxa 'wape qa's q!eqElexs lae helakMox^wida qaxs ^nek'ae
qa^s paxalax'^ide qaxs ^nek'ae qa^s laLexa LegEme lax Qasnomalase.
Wa, la^lae hewaxa wiyoLeda siisEm^nakulasa Qasnomalasaxa paxala.
Wa, g'axox LegEms Qasnomalasde qaxs al^maa wik' !Ex'Idxwa he-
Enxex laxes k^eLasa Awlk' lenoxwe.
55 Wa. la-mesEn gwiigwexs-alal lax LegEmas laxes g'lgania^yaasa
^iiE^memotasa TEmltEmlElsasa Nak!wax-da''xwe laxes ask'!ote Ya-
qoLase qaxs he^mae om])s PlasElale YaqoLase. Wa, la^lae ^nEmo-
x^um xfmokwe Lalep !ahise, yix abEmpas PlasElalases ompc LEla-
k'Eiix'Ide, yixs Laxuma^yaasa ^uE^memotasa Hvalase. Wa, la p!E-
60 s-lde Lalep lalase qaes xunokwe P!asElale. Wa, laEm^lae Lex^edss
G"exse^stalIsEma^ye laq. Wa, laEm Laxumesa ^uE^memotasa ^wajase.
Wa,laEm g-ayauEmaxa LegEme G"exse-stalJsEma'ye laxes tibask'!ote
qaxs he-mae gweg'ilatsa waokwe g-ig-Egftmesa lelqwalaLa^ye LE^wis
ii-EnEme; S,-mae ^nEmax"^Id p!Eseda g"igama^ye LE^vis gEnsme qa
65 AiEmsgEmes LegEmases xunokwe laxes ask^Iote. Wa, laxae Legad
laxes &bask"!ote. Wa, heEm he gweg'ila ha^yasEk'alaxa yax'stosaq
I See p. 1063, line 20.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1077
want their names to go out of their family to their relatives 67
I
together with the seats and the privileges.
|
|
Now' I shall talk about SesaxMas (IV 8), whose father's name had
been Sesaxalas (III 15) . And Sesaxalas had a younger brother l !aso- 70ll
tiwalis (III 11); and Sesaxalas (III 15) had for his wife l !aL lEqwasila
]
(III 16), the princess of QleqiEx'Laladze (II 12), chief of the numaym
|
of the G'Ig'ilgam of tlie Gwa^sEla; and Q!eq!Ex"Laladzehad for his
|
wife Ek- lalahMak" (II 13), and Ek' lalahh^lak" was the princess of
|
YaqoLas (I 5), head chief of the numaym Qlomk' !ut!ES. || And Sesa- 75
xalas (III 15) had a son with his wife l !aL lEqwasila (III 16), and|
before the boy was two years old his father Sesaxalas died. Tlien|
|
the ancestors of the Gwa^sEla wished that Llasotiwahs (III 11) should
marry ^ L!aL!Eqwasila, the widow of liis elder brother Sesaxalas
|
(III 15). And when ||he married l !aL lEqwasila (III 16), he gave the 80
marriage presents to her son; and then the son of l !aL lEqwasda
|
gave a potlatch with the marriage gifts paid for his mother.
|
Then his name was Sesaxalas (IV 8), the name of his dead father,
and he gave an oil feast. Now his name was also Kwax'se^stala
I
(IV 8), the name of his uncle iJasotiwalis (III 11); for his feast
I
name was |1 Kwax'se^stala. Now the name Kwax'se^stala was 85
given in marriage by Q!eq!Ex'LaIadze (II 12) to his son-in-
]
law L lasotiwalis. Tlien Llasotlwalis (III 11) treated his nephew
|
Sesaxalas (IV 8) like his own son, and he gave him the feast
lalts!awes LeLEgEme laxes LeLELala LE^wis LeLaxwa^ye LEwes k'!e- 67
k" !es^o.
Wa, la^mesEn gwtigwex's^alal lax Sesaxalas, yix"s ayadaasa Legado-
las Sesaxcllase. Wa, lii ts!iVyanokwe Sesaxalaswulas L!as6tlwalise. 70
Wa, la gEg'ade SesaxS,laswQlas L!aL lEqwasila kMedelas Q!eq!Ex"La-
ladze, yixs g'lgama^yaasa ^nE^memotasa G'Ig'ilgamasa Gwa^sEla.
Wa, la gEg'ade Q!eq!EX'Laladzas EkMalaliMak", yixs k'ledelae
Ek" lalalili^lakwas YaqoLas Laxuma^yasa ^iiE^memotasa Qlomk' !u-
tlEse. Wa, laEm^lawise xungwade Sesaxalaswiilasa babagume 75
LE^wis gEiiEme LlaL lEqwasila. Wa, kMes'Em^lawise ma^lEnxe ts!a-
wunxasa babagumaxs lae wik'iEx^Ides ompde Sesax&lase. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawisa g'alasa Gwa^sEla ^nex' qa kwaloses Llasotlwalisax
L !aL lEqwasila lax gEnEinases ^nolax-de Sesaxalasde. Wa, g'ib'mese
qadzeLax LJaL lEqwasila, yixs he^mae tslEwede xunokwas. Wa, 80
hex'^ida^mese xiinokwas LlaLliiqwasila plEs^'itsa qadzeLEinax abEm-
pas. Wa, la^me LegadEs Sesaxalas yix EegEmases ompde. Wa, la
klwe^las^Itsa LJe^na. Wa, laEmxae LegadEs Kwax'se^stala, ytx
LegEmases qliile^ye Llasotiwalise qaxs he^mae klweladzExLiiyose
Kwax'se^stala. Wa, laEm LegEmg'ElxLa^ye Kwaxse^stala, yis 85
QleqiEx'Laladze laxes nEgiimpe Llasotiwalise. Wa, la xwayEnx"sila
LJasotiwalisaxes Lole^ye Sesaxalas qa las klwe^ladzEXLalax
' See p. 1057, line 94. :According to the levirate custom.
1078 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
88 name Kwax"se^stala. Then he was Ihe head chief of the uumaym
|
SisEDLle m the seat of iJasotlwahs (III 11), for l lasotlwa.lis treated
I
90 Sesaxahis hke his own son; for i, lasotiwalis (111 11) had no child of||
his own. L!aL!EqwasiIa had only one child. Now Sesaxalas was llic|
I
prince of l lasotiwalis. Then Sesaxalas married my (present) wife, |
and he was given in marriage the name Kwax'ilanoknm. Tlieu my|
U5 wife, this i.IalEyig'ihs (IV :5), gave much oil to her husband Sesaxa-|| |
las as a marriage present, and at the same time the feast name Kwa-
x'ilanokuni. Then SesaxfUas gave a feast with the oil to his triho,
|
tlie Gwa^sEla, to the two numayms, G'igUgam and the Q!omk' !u-|
I
100 t!Es; for the numaym of Sesaxalas (IV 8) were the SlsEnLle^ and||
Sesaxalas was the head chief of the luimaym SIseul \e^. Next to|
his seat was the seat of iJasotiwahs (III 11), next to the seat of his|
elder brother Sesaxalas (III 15). Then Sesaxalas had also a seat in|
the numaym SisEni. !c^ Then Sesaxalas had two feast names in his|
.5 numaym SlsEnLle^ He had the name Kwax'se^stala, when he was||
made to give a feast by his uncle l lasotiwalis (III 11); and by liis|
wife when his wife gave him p oil at tlie time f)f their marriage, he was
given the feast name Kwax'ilanokum. Next Llasotiwahs (III 11)
died, and immediately Sesaxalas gave a potlatch. Then Sesaxalas|
I
10 had also the name i- lasotiwalis. Now Sesaxalas had two seats, || his
own and that of Llasotiwahs. I tliink that is all about this. |
SS Kwax'se^stala. Wa, laEm^lae Laxumesa ^uE-'memotasa SisEuLle
lax Lfixwa^yas Llasotiwalise, (jaxs lE^mae Llasotiwahse xwii-
90 yEnx^silax Sesaxalase qaxs kMeftsae tianawaes xtin5x"s Lla-
sotiwalise. Wii, laxae ^nawabEwe xi'ni6x"s L!aL!Eqwasila. Wa,
hiEm LawElgama^ye SesaxTdasas Llilsotlwnhse. Wa, lii gEg-adEx-'Ide
Sesax^lasasg-In gEnsmk-. Wa, lak- LegEmg'ElxLaiax Kwax-J-
lanokum lax Sesaxfdase. Wii, laEm lag1n gEUEmk- ylxg-a
95 LlfdEyig'Ilis wawadzEsa q!eiiEme L!e^na faxes la^wunEme
Sesaxillas qa ^nEma^nakiilotsa klwe^ladzEXLiiyo LegEme Kwax-Ilano-
kume. Wii, hvEm^lae SesaxiMase k!we-'las^itsa Lle^na Mxes g'okOlota
Gwa^sEla liixa ma^ltsEmakliise ^niih'nE^memasaxa G-ig-Ilgilme LE^va
Q!5mk"!ut!Ese qaxs hiie ^nE^memots Sesaxalaswiila SisEULla^ye.
100 Wii, he^mes Lax^stE^wesos Sesaxahisa LiixUnia^ye Mxes ^nE^memota
SisEnL!a^ye. Wii, lii mag'apIa^yC' Liixwa^'yas L!iis6tiwalise liix
Liixwa^yases ^n6]5le Sesaxalaswiile. Wii, he^mis la Laxwes Sesaxa-
lase laxaaxes ^nF/memota SisEiuJa^ye. Wii, laEm ma^ltsEme LegE-
nuis Sesaxiilasi? liixa k!we-iadzEXLiiyo LegEm laxes ^nE^memota
5 SisEULla^ye. Wii, laEm LegadKs Kwax'se^stiila, ylxs lae klwelasn-
matsoses q lideye L!iisotiwaHse. Wii, la wiiwadzEso^ses gEnEmasa
Lle^na. Wii, lii k!we^ladzEXLiilax Kwax'Ilanokume. Wii, lii wlk' !e-
x^ide i.liisotiwalisde. Wii, hi\\"Mda-mese plEs^ide wSesaxalase. Wii,
laEmxae Legade Sesaxalasas Llasotiwalise. Wii, hiEm ma-iox"siile
10 Sesaxalase lo^ Llasotiwalise. Wii, lax"st!aax"^Em ^wi^la liixeq.
1
uoAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 1079
Now ' I shall talk about Q !umx od (IV 4) and why he had the name 1
|
K' ladalag' ihs (IV 4) ; for Q !uinx' od married the niece of the chief of the|
numaym G' exsEm of the Nak Iwax'da^x", whose name was Wayats !o-
li^lak" (IV 12), the ilaiighter of L!aqwag"ilayugwqa (III 17) the sister
I
of Sewid (III 18), head chief ofII the numaym G'exsEm; but the father 15
of Wilj-atsloli^lak" was a Gwa^sEla whose name was KIwaelask'in
|
(III 19), head chief of the numaym Q!6mk" !ut!Es
| of the Gwa^sEla.
Therefore Sewid had Wayats loli^lak" for his princess, because
|
|
KIwaelask'in died early, when Wayats loli^lak" (IV 12) was a young
child. Sewid
II took her for his princess, because he had no daughter. 20
|
When Wayats loli^lak" was grown up, QIQmx'od asked her in mar-
|
riage from her uncle Sewid. Then Qliimx'od was accepted. Then
|
Q lumx'od married Wayats loH^lak" from her uncle Sewid. And Sewid|
gave a copper as a marriage present to
|| Q lumx'od, and Sewid gave him 25
in marriage the name K' !adalag'ilis. Q lumx'od at once sold the cop-
|
per. And when the copper, whose name was Angwfda, was sold,
| three
|
thousand blankets were the price of the copper. It was bought by
LElak'inx'^id, chief of the numaym TsIetslEmeleqEla.
| Then
Q lumx'od gave a potlatch with the blankets
II to the five numayms 30
of the Nak !wax' da^x" ; that is, besides to the Eagles, to the numayms
I
G'esxsEm, SlsEULle^, TEmltEmlEls, and
| Kwakug'ul. The num-
|
Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal lax Qliimx'ode, ylx lag-ilas LegadEs 11
K"!adalag'ilis, ylxs lae gEg'adEX'^ide Q!i1mx'6da Lolegasas g'lgama-
^yasa ^nE^memota G'exsEmasa Nak!wax'da^x"xa Legadas Wayats !oli-
^lak", ytx tslEdaqe xiln6x"s Llaqwag'ilayugwa, yix wEqlwiis Sewide,
yix Laxuma^yasa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEm. Wil, laLa Gwa^sEle ompas 15
Wayats !oli^lax"xa Legadiis KIwaelask'in, yix Laxuma^yasa ^UE^me-
motasa QIomk'IutlEsasa Gwa^SEla. Wa, g'a^mes lag'ilasa g'lga-
ma^ye Sewide g'ax k'ledadES Wayats loli^lak", yi.xs gEyolae wik'lEx^-
ede K Iwaelask'in^olaxs he^mae ales g'lnanEme Wayats loti^akwe.
Wa, laEm Jlx^ede Sewidii qa^s k'ledela qaxs k'leasae tslsdaq xiino- 20
kwa. Wa, gil^mese exEntiede Wayats !5li^lakwaxs lae Qlumx'ode
g-ayala lax qlule^yase Sewide. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Qliimx'ode daeLE-
ma. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Qliimx'ode qadzeLax Wayats loli^lakwe
laxes qlille^ye Sewide. Wii, la Sewide sayabalasa i.Iaciwa lax Qlum-
x'ode. Wa, lii LegEmg-ElxLala Sewidax K-ladalag1lis lax Qliim- 25
x'ode. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Q lumx-ode laxodxa l laqwa. Wa, g-fHmese
k'ilxwasE^weda Llaqwaxa Legadiis Angwala, ytxs yiidux''plEnae l6x-
sEmx-^'id plElxElasgEme k-Ilwa^yaxa Lliiqwa, yis LElakinx'^Ide, yix
glgania^yasa ^nE^memotasa TsIetslEmeleqEla. Wii, la^me Qlumx'od
plEs^etsa plElxElasgEme laxa sEk'IasgEmakliise ^niil^nE^memasiisa 30
Naklwax'da^xwexa ogQ^la laxa kwekwekwexa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEm
LE^wa SisEnLle LE^wa TEmitEmlElse LE^wa Kwakug"ule, ylxs ^nE^me-
' See p. 1063, line 23.
1080 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
33 aym ol Qlumxod was '^walas. Thcn-Q!iuiix'o(l took at the potlatch
the name K' ladalag'ilis. And these were the family names
| of
35 Sewid: || K" !adoqa, K' !ade, and K' lade^staJa, anil also the name
given in marriage to Q!umx'6d, K' !adalag'ihs. Now Sewid had
|
given one of his family names to the husband of his niece Wayats !o-
|
li^lak". 1 think that is all about this.
I |
(Eagle and head chief are those who eat the long cinquefoi) roots.
||
40 Common people, low people, and speakers are those who eat short
|
cinquefoil roots.)
History of the Dzendzenx'qUto
1 Now^, I will talk about the chief of the numaym DzEndzEnx'-
ci !ayo, |who was called ^max'mEwIsagEme^ (II l), when he went
to marry LE^alag'ilayugwa (II 2), the princess of Q!aed (1 1),|
head chief of the AwIl ledEx, the head tribe of the Bellabella.
| ||
5 The ancestors of the numaym DzEndzEnx'q !ayo went to get her in
marriage; and after thej' got her in marriage by (paying) fifty
j
dressed elk-skins— for they were married at once when they
|
arrived at the beach of the house of the one whose daughter he was
|
to marry—when the elk-skins had been put ashore out of the
|
33 madadae Q!umx'6dasa ^walase. Wa, laEm LegadEs K" ladalag'ilis
yix Q!umxode hlxes p!Esae. Wa, g'a^^mes LexLEgEmelts Sewideg'a
35 K!iidoqa lo- K'!ade l6^ K'!ade'stala; wit, he'mise la LegEmg'ElxLcs,
yix K'!adalag"llis lax Q!umx"ode. Wa, la^me ^uEmsg'Emg'ElxLale
LexLEgEuielas Sewide lax la^wunEmases Lolegase Wayats loli^akwe.
Wii, lax'st'.aax^um ^wi^la laxeq.
(Kwek",ogume^,xamagEme, Laxume^, g'lg&me^ g"astaEm ha^mapxa
40 Laxabalise. BEgwanEmqIala, bEguHde, bEgwabS,^ye, a^yllk",g"astaEm
ha-'mapxa t!Ex"s6s.)
History of the Dzendzenxq!ayo
1 Wii, la^mesEn gwiigwex's^alal lilx g'igama^yas ^uE^memiisa Dzeu-
dzEiixq layowexa Legadii ^max'mEWlsagEina^ye yixs lae gtlgak' lax'^I-
dEx LEyiilag'ilayugwa lilx k'!edelas Q!aed, yixs xamagEma^yae
g'lgSmesa AwlLledExwe, ylsa xamagEma^yasa Heldza^qwe. Wii,
5 la^me ^wIl^wIlg'iLe la qiidzeLeda g'aliisa ^uF/memiisa DzEndzEnx"q!a-
yowe. Wii, giFmese gwfda qiidzeLiisa iiliig'imaxs seIc !ax"sokwae ylxs
hex"^ida^mae qadziHedExs g'fdae liig'alis lax iJEma^sas g'okwases
qadzeLede. Wii, g'IPmese ^wl-lolt&weda Slagime qadzeLEm laxa
qiidzeLatsIe xwaxw5k!tinaxs lae q Iwag'aElseda mokwe lax 5yll-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1081
m<arriage cauoe, four of the speakers || of Qlaed (I 1) arose and 10
invited the chief and his crew to come and eat in his house; and he
|
also called his tribe to come and eat with his son-in-law. When they
|
were all in, the people who came to get the chief's daughter in
|
marriage began to eat. After they had eaten, the four speakers of
|
Chief Qlaed (I 1) arose and told II the tribe that Q!aed (I 1) was 15
going to give the box with his privileges to his son-in-law, namely, tlie
|
cannibal dance, the tamer of the cannibal-dancer, the rattle, and
the rich-woman, and also the fire dance, all of which were in the box
I
of privileges; for, indeed, they kept in the privilege-box the neck-
| |
rings of red cedar-bark, the head-rings of red cedar-bark, the leg-
rings, II and the wrist-rings of red cedar-bark, and also the rattle of 20
the cannibal-tamer. Then they took the privilege-box out of the bed-
|
room. It was brought out by the cannibal-dancer of Q!aed (I 1).
|
He carried it, for it was given in marriage to ^maxmEwIsagEine^
|
(111), and the names of the four privileges were also given. The name
|
of the cannibal-dancer was Q liidanats !e, || and the name of the rich- 25
woman dancer was Q laminawagas, and the name of the cannibal-|
tamer was Ts!aqaxElas, and the name of the fire-dancer was Xwa-
|
dzes; and then the privileges-box was given to ^max'mEwIsagEme^
|
(II 1) by his father-in-law (1 1), and also the secular names Q!wei-
|
taak" and DoquliisEla. That is the number of names || given to 30
kwas Qlaed qa^s Lel^wttltodexa g-Igama^ye LE^wis leElote qa liis 10
^wFlosdesa qa^s la lIexwb lax g'okwas. Wa, laEmxaawise axk' lalaxes
g'okiilote qa lils k!wamela laxes nEgumpe. Wa, g'iPmese la ^wi-
^laeLExs lae LlExwIIagila qadzeLELEla. Wit, g'il^mese gwalalelExs
lae Lax^iilile mokwe ayilx"sa g'lg&ma^j^e Q!aed. Wa, la^me nela-
xes g'okiilotaxs lE^mae laj.e Qlaediises k'!es^owats!e glldas laxes 15
nEgumpexa hamats!a LE^wa helikilaLEla LE^wis yadEne LE^wa
q laminawagas. Wa, he^misLeda nonltse^stalale g'its !S,xa k' les^owats !e
g"Iklasa, ylxs lex'a^me ala g'JylmtsIaxa k' les^owats !e g'ildasa Lle-
L!agEk!iixawa^ye LE^wa L!eL!agEkuma^ye LE^wa iJaLlEgEx^sIdza^ye
LE^wa L!aL!EgEx"ts!ana^ye. Wa, he^misa yadEnasahelek'llaLEla. Wii, 20
la^me ax^etsE^weda k' !es^owats!e glldas laxa otsl^lile qa^s g'flxe daax"s
hamatslasa g'Igama-'ye QIaede. Wa, la dalax'saEmqexs lae lak'li-
g'alEm lax ^maxmEwIsagEma^ye LE-wa LeLEgEmasa mox^widala
k" !ek' lEs^owa. Wii, he^mis LegEmsa hiimats!e Qliidanatsle. Wa,
he^mis LegEmsa qlaminawagSs Q laminawagas. Wii, he^mis LegEm- 25
sa helik'ilaLEle TsliiqaxElase. Wa, he^mis LegEmsa nonltse^stalale
Xwadzes. Wii, la^me liiyoweda k'!es^owats!e gildas lax ^max"-
mEwisagEma^yases nEgumpe. Wii, he^misa baxiisc LegEma,
ylx Qlweltaak" lo^ DoqilliisEla. Wa, heEm ^wiixaatsa LeLEgEme
g-axyo lax ^max'mEwIsagEma^ye yises nEgtimpe Q!aede. Wii, 30
1082 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (kth. ann. 36
31 ^max' inEwTsagEm e^ (II 1) by his father-in-law, Q!aed (I 1). Now|
^max'niEwIsagEme^ (II 1) had the privilege-box, and the names for
|
the winter dance, and the secular names; and when the speakers|
stopped speaking, ^max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1) expressed his thanks
|
35 for the privilege-box and the secular names; || and when he stopped
speaking, the carved posts of the house were given to him by his|
father-in-law, Q!aed (I 1). Now the house was given by Q!aed (I 1)
to ^max'mEWisagEme^ (II 1); and when the speaker stopped
I
speaking, the Bcllabella went out.
| |
40 Now, ^max'mEwisagEme^ (II 1) hved with his BellabeUa || wife.
^max'mEwisagEme^ (it 1) was left by his numaym the DzEndzEnx'-|
q!ayo when thej' went home, and ^max'mEwisagEme^ (II| 1) just
continued to visit his people with his BellabeUa wife at Ts !ade, for|
that is where the DzEndzEnx'qlayo hved. Now ^max'mEwisagEme^|
45 (II 1) staid for a long time with the BellabeUa. Il He had two sons and
two daughters. The name of the eldest son was LaLeliL!a (IIIl);|
I
and the next one was a girl, who was named K'anelk'as (III| 2);
and the third one was a girl, whose name was L.'aqwael (III| 3);
and the youngest one was a boy, whose name was Gweno (III 4). ||
50 And when LaLeliL !a (III 1) and K'anelk'as (III 2) were grown up,
|
^max'mEwIsagEme^ (II 1) and his two children, LaLeliiJa (III 1) and]
K'anelk'as (III 2) went home; and he left behind his wife and his
|
31 la^me laLe 'max'mEwisagEma^yaxa k"!es'owats!e g'ildasa LE-wa
LeLEgEme lax ts!ets!eqa LE^wa baxiise LCLEgEma. Wii, g^iPmese
c(!we^ideda a^ytlkwaxs lae momElk'lale ^max'mEwIsagEma^yasa
k" !ek' lEs^owats !e g'ildasa LE^'wa baxiidzEXLayowe LeLEgEma. Wii,
35 giPmese q!wel-idExs lae ^wl'la layoweda k'!ex"k'!adzEkwe g'ok"
laxaaq yises nEgumpe Q!aede. Wii, la-me gokiilxLe Q!aede lax
^max'mEwisagEma^ye. Wii, g'il^mese q IwePideda Elkwaxs lae hoqfl-
wElseda Heldza^qwe.
Wii, la^me ^max'niEwisagEma^ye ha^j'asElcala LE^wis Heldza^q !wax-
40 sEme gEnEma. Wii, laEm lowaLEme ^max'mEWlsagEma^yases
-nE^memotaxs g"axae nii^nakweda DzEndzEux'q layowe. Wii, H^mese
^max'mEwIsagEma^ye lie^mEnahiEm g"ax biigiius LE^wes Heldza-
^qlwaxsEme gEUEm lax Tsliide qaxs he^mae g'okiilatsa DzEudzEnx'-
q layowe. Wii, lii giila hele ^max'mEwIsagEma^ya Heldza^qwe.
45 Wii, la^me siisEmnox"sa ma^lokwe babEbaguma he-mesa ma-'lokwe
ts!ats!edagEma. Wii, la^me Legadeda ^nolast !EgEma-'ye babagums
LiiLellLla. Wii, he^mes malfilacjeda ts!5ts!EdagEmaqe Legadiis
K'anelkase. Wii, he^miseda ci!a3^a^ye ts lilts lEclagEma Legadiis L!ii-
qwael. Wii, lii ama^inxa^ya bilbagume Legadiis Gwenawe.
50 Wii, g'iPmese ha^yalak' lox^wide LaLellLla l6^ K'anelk'asaxs g'ii-
xae nii^nakwe ^max'niEwisagEma^ye LE^wa ma^lokwe silsEms, yix
LaLellLla l6^ K-anelkase. Wa, la^me lowaLases gEUEme LE^wa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1083
two children, —Gweno (III 4), the third boy; and the younger girl,|
his daughter, l laqwael (III 3). They were going to stay with their 55II
mother among the AwiL !edEx.
|
Then ^max'niEwisagEme^ (II 1) went home with his two children,
|
taking along his privilege-box, every kind of food, and two expensive
|
coppers, Leta and Sea-Lion, for these were the names of the two|
coppers. When they arrived at Tslade, they were called in by 60II
their tribe in the evening. It was nearly winter-time when they|
arrived. After having eaten, they aU went out, and then his tribe
|
went to eat with him. When all had gone out, ^max'mEwisagEme^
|
(II 1) sent his two speakers to ask the chiefs of his numaym |||
DzEndzEnx' q !ayo to come into the house of ^max'niEwisagEme^ to a 65
secret meeting; and when all the men and the women were asleep,
|
|
when it was past midnight, the four chiefs of the DzEndzEnx'q !ayo|
came in,—HamotElaso^, Qliimlednol, and Wadze, and also
|
YaqoLas,—and when aU were seated, || they were told by ^max'- 70
mEwisagEme^ (II 1) that he was going to give a winter dance in
|
winter with all the kinds of food that he had brought in his canoe,
and the two coppers; and then his prince LaLellLla (III was| 1)
I
to disappear to be a cannibal-dancer; and his daughter K'anelk'as|
ma^lokwe laxes sasEme ylx Gwenawexa qlaya^ye babaguma, wii, 53
he^misLes amayadza^ye ts!ats!EdagEm xiinokwe L'.aqwaele. Wii, la-
^me hexsaEml lada AwiLledEXwe LE^wis abEmpe. 55
Wa, g'ax^mesLa ^max^mEwIsagEma^ye le^wIs ma^lokwe sasEm
malaxa ,k'!es^6wats!e g'ildasa LE^wa ^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEma he-
maomase LE^wa maltsEme lela^xQla LlaLlEqwa ylx Leta l5 Mawa-
k'!a qaxs he^mae LeLEgEmsa ma^ltsEme LlaLlEqwa. Wii, g'fPmese
lag'aa lax Tsladax lae hex'^idasm Lale^Iiilasoses g'okillotaxa dza- 60
qwases lag'alisdEmexa la Elaq ts !S,wunxa. Wa, gil^mese gwal ha^nia-
pExs lae hoqiiwElsa LE^wa g"axe kIwamelEq yix g'okul5taseq. Wa,
g'iPmese ^wiPwiilsax lae ^max'mEWlsagEma^ye ^yalaqasa ma^lokwe
laxes aytlkwe, qa las awabEnoLEmaxa g'ig'igama^yases ^nE^memoteda
DzEudzEnx'q layowe, qa g'axes -wPla lax g'okwas ^max'mEWlsagE- 65
ma^ye, qo lal ^wFla mex^idLa ^naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wis tsledaqe.
Wa, g'iPmese la gwal nEgeg'exs g'axae hogwiLeda mokwe g'lg'Ega-
ma^yasa DzEndzEnx"q layowe, yix HamotElasE^we lo- Qliimlednole
Lo^ Wadze; wa, he^mise YaqoLase. Wa, giPmese ^naxwa k!iis^a-
IiIexs lae nele ^max'mEWisagEma^yaxs lE^mae yawix'llalxa ts!a- 70
wflnxe ylses maya ^naxwa ogiiqlemas hema5masa. Wa, he^misa
ma^ltsEme LlaLlEqwa; wii, he^misexs lE^mae xis^IdLe LtiwElgama-
^yas, ylx LaLellLla, yixs hamatsIeLe; wa, he^misa ts!ats!EdagEme xii-
n6x"se K'anelk'asaxs lE^mae xis^idEl Laxes q lamin&wagascLe. Wii,
1084 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ibth. ann. 3=
75 (III 2) was to disappoar to be a rich-woman dancer; || and after be
bad spoken, LaLellLla (III 1) disappeared wben it was nearly day-
Hght; and in tbe evening disappeared tbe girl K'anelk'as (III 2),
I
who was to be a rich-woman dancer. Then he took two yomig men
|
from among the nearest relatives, who were to disappear on the
I
following day, to be a .fire-dancer and a cannibal-tamer. Now
| II
80 ^max'mEwisagEme^ (II 1) gave a winter dance to his tribe with what
he received in marriage from the AwIl ledEX of the Bellabella.
|
Now he had the first cannibal-dancer and rich-woman dancer and
|
fire-dancer and cannibal-tamer. After he had given his winter
|
dance, he changed the name of LaLeliLla (III 1); and his cannibal
|
name was Q!adanats!e; and the rich-woman dancer name of
85 K'anelk'as (III 2) was II Q!aminavvagas; and the name of the fire-
dancer was Xwadzes; and the name of the caimibal-tamer was
|
TsIiiqaxElas. Thus the Bellabella dances and names came first to
|
tbe Kwakiutl. Then he woed the princess of Lalak'5ts!a (II 3), the|
head chief of the TEmltEmlEls, one of the numayms of the Mamale-
|
90 leqala, for LaLeliL !a (IIIII 1) ; for now he had changed his name for
his secular name, and his name was now D5qulasEla (III 1). The
|
name of the princess of Lalak'otsla (II 3) was LElEndzEwek'e
(III 5). Now he liad her for his wife; and DoqulasEla (III 1) had|
I
not been married long to her when they had a boy. They called him
|
95 PEngwed (IV 1). This name was obtained fromII his father-in-law
75 g'il^mesc gwale waldEmasexs lac x'is^Ide LaLellL!axa la eISx ^nax'^ida.
Wii, lit dzacjwaxs lae x'is^Ideda ts!ats!EdagEme yix K'anelkasexa
qIaminawagaseLe. Wii, la^me ax^edxa ma^lokwe ha^3^al^a g'ayol
laxes max^mEg'Ile LeLELala, qu x'ls^ldaxa laxat! ^nax'^ida, qa nonl-
tse^stalala LE'wa helek'ilaLElaxa hamats!a. Wii, la^me yiiwix'i-
80 lale ^max'mEwIsagEma^ye qaes g'okulotases gEg^adilnEme liixa
AwlL!edExwasa He=ldza-qwe. Wii, la'me hamdzadasa g iile hiimats!a,
LE^wa rjli'iminawagase, LE'wa nonltse'stiihila, LE-wa lielek'ilaLEla.
Wii, g'iFraese gwiilExs yiiwix'ilae, lae l '.iiyoxLaye LaLellL !a. Wa, la^me
hiimdzEXLiilax Q!iidanats!e. Wii, Laxae K'anelk-ase q!aminawagE-
85 dzEXLiilax Q laminawagase. Wii, liJxae Legadeda nonltse-stiilalas Xwa-
dzese. Wii, be-misLal LegEmsa helik'ilaLEle Ts !iiqaxElase. AVii, heEm
g'il g'ax leletsa He-'ldza-qwe, LE-wa LCLEgEme liixa Kwiig'ule. Wii,
la^me g-iiyo.x-wItsE-we k!edeias Lalak-ots!iixa xamiigEma^ye g'lga-
mesa TEmltEmlElsexa 'nEmsgEmakwe ^nE'memot laxa Mamaleleqala,
90 qa LaLeliLla, yixs lE-'mae LliiyoxLiixat! hixa biixiise. Wii, laEm
LegadEs DoquliisEla, yixs Legadae kMedela Liilak'otsliis LElEndzE-
wek'e. Wii, la^me gEgadEX'^Its. Wa, k'!est!a gala lii haj-asEk'ala
DoqulilsEliixs lae xungwadEX'^itsa biibagiime. Wii, hex'^ida^mese
Lex^idEs PEngwede liixes xun5kwe. Wii, la^me g-JiyanEmaxa lc-
95 gEme liixes nEgiimpe liix Mamalelexk'lotlEna^yases xiinokwe.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1085
on the Mamaleleqala side for their son. Then tliey had another
| 90
child, a girl, and she was called Msled (IV
| 2). Then they had
another child, a girl, who had the name MEnledaas (IV
| 3); and
they had another child, a boy, who was named LaqlEyos (IV
| 4). ||
Lalak'otsia (II 3) gave these names to his st)n-in-law DoqiilasEla 100
(III 1) to be the names of his children. Now the marriage
| debt was
paid by Lalak'ots !a (II 3) to DoqiilasEla (III 1 ) : and he gave as privi-
|
leges to his son-in-law the speaker's dance, and the great dance from
above, and the war-dance, and the double-headed-serpent
| dance;
and the name of the speaker's dance was Aomalal; and the name
| of
the great dance from above, II Nong'axta^ye; and the name of the 5
war-dance, HvilEnkfllag'ilis; and the name of the
| double-headed-
serpent dance was ^waxsgEmlis. And the secular name of Doqtila-
|
sEla (III 1) was now ^walas Kwax'ilanokiune^, and (those mentioned
|
before) were the names of his children. Then he went back to his
|
tribe at Tslade, and that winter he gave a winter dance. II He used 10
the names whicli he iiad received in marriage from Lalak'ots !a (II 3)
|
for his children; and thus the names of the Mamalelcqahi came to
the DzEndzEux'qlayo, and the winter dances. This is all about
I
the BellabeUa and the Mamaleleqala.
I |
Now I will talk about K'anelk'as (III 2). She II married the chief 15
of the Qlomoy^^ye, Yaqok!walag'ihs (III
, 6). He received| the house
Wa, laxae et!cd xiingwadExMtsa tsIatslEdagEme. Wii, la^mese Lex^e- 96
dEs MElede liiq. Wii, laxae et!ed xiingwadEx'^itsa tslatslEdagEme.
Wa, laxae LegadEx^^Ides MEnledaase. Wa, laxae xilngwadEx'^Itsa
babagiune. Wii, lii Lex^ets Laqlsyose liiq. Wii, la^me hex'same
Lahik-ots!a tslasa LeLEgEme laxes uEgiimpe DoqiilasEla, qa lble- 100
gEmses sasEme. Wii, la^nie qotex'^Ide Lillak-5ts!ax DoquliisEla.
Wii, la^me k' !es^ogulxLiilaxa hityaq IsntElale, LE^wa ^walas^axaii-
kwe, LE^wa tox^wide, LE^wa sisEyuLElale; wa, he^mis LegEmsa
hayiiq lEntElale, Aomalale; wii, he-mis LegEmsa ^walas^axaakwe
NSng'iixta^ye; wii, he-'mis LegEmsa tox^wide ^wIlEnkidag ilise; wii, 5
he^mis LegEmsa sIsEyuLElale -'wiix-sgEmlise; wii, he^mis biixus lble-
gEmse, yix DoqiiliisEla. Wii, laEm Legadss ^wiilase Kwax'Ilano-
iviima^ye. Wii, he-mis LegEmas siisEmas. Wii, laEmxae g'ax
nii^nakwa liixes g'okulase lax Tsliide. Wii, la^me yiiwix'ilaxa la
tsliiwiinxa. Wa, la^me Lex^etsa LeLegEmg-ElxLa^yas Liilak-6ts!a 10
laxes sasEme. Wii, g ax-'me LCLEgEmasa Mamaleleqiiia laxa DzEn-
dzEnx'q layowe LE^wa leiediisa ts!ets!eqa. Wii, laEm gwiil lilxa
He^ldza^qwe LE^wa Mamaleleqala.
Wii, la^mesEn edzaqwal gwiigwex's^alal liix K'anelk'asaxs lae
la^wadEX'^id laxa Qlomoya^ye yis gTgama^yase Yaqok!walag*llise. 15
Wa, la^me laj^oweda g'okwe hlq, LE^wa hamatsia, LE^wa heliki-
;
1086 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Teth. ann. 35
17 and the cannibal dance, and the cannibal-tamer dance, and the|
rich-woman dance, and the fire-dance, and the names; and there-|
fore the Qlomoya^ye have BeHabclIa names. This is all about the(
20 Q!5moya^3'e; for Yaqok Iwalag ills (III 6) had only one || child with
K'anelk'as (III 2), a boy, who was named PoLElas (IV 5). He|
received the name from DoquliisEla (II 1). K'anelk'as (III 2) did|
not stay long with Yaqok Iwalag' ilis (III 6), who was chief of the|
niimaym Yaex'agEme^ of the Qlomoya^ye.
|
25 Now I will talk about DoquliisEla (III 1), who next || took for liis
wife the princess of the chief of the Ts!ets!Elwalagame^, a numaym
— |of the Nimkish Lax" LElidzEmga (III 7), the princess of LlaqoLas|
(II 4) . They had a boy, who received the name YaqoLas (IV| 6)
and they had another child, PEngwed (IV 7). As soon as he began(
30 to grow up, YaqoLas (IV 6) married the princess (IV 8) of || H§,misk'E-
nis (III 8), chief of the G'Ig'ilgam of the Nimkish. Now YaqoLas's|
(IV 6) jaame was DSqwayis, for he changed his name. Now the
marriage debt was paid to Doqwayis (IV 6) by Haniisk' Enis (III| 8).
Then he gave him the names A^mawlyus and K' !ade for his secular|
names, and Lanalag'ihs for the hamshamts !Es-dance, and G'lga-|
35 meqIolEla for the great-fool dance, || and ^wilEnkulag'iUs for the war-
dance, and NEnq!olEla for the great-bear dance. These were his
|
four names for the winter dance. Now they changed the name of(
17 laLEla, LE^wa q laminawagase, LE^wa nonltse^stalale, LE^wis lble-
gEme. Wa, he^mis lag'ila He^idza^q Iwale LCLEgEmasa Q!6moya^ye.
Wii, laEmxae gwal laxa Qlomoya^ye, qaxs ^nEm6x"^mae xunox-
20 -widas Yaqok Iwalag'Uise lax K'anelk-asexa babagumexa Legadss
PoLElase. Wa, laEmxae heEm g'ayola LegEme DoquliisEla, yixs
Lomae ^nEmah'id la-wade K'anelk'asas Yaqok!\valagilise, ylxa g'Tga-
ma^yasa Yaex'agEma^yasa Qlomoya^ye.
Wii, la^mesEu gwagwex's^Ex'^idEl lax DocjulasElaxs, lae gaga-
25 k'lEX'^id lax k"!edelasa glgama^yasa TsletslElwalagama^yasa ^ue-
^memote laxa ^nEmgese, yix Lax'LElidzEmga, yixs k'!edelaas L!a-
qoLase. Wa, la xflngwadEx'^itsa babagiime, yixa Legadiis Yaqo-
Lase. Wa, laxae etied xuugwadEX'^Its PEngwede. Wii, g'il^mese
qlulyax^wlde YaqoLasaxs lae gEgadEx'^itsa k'ledelas Htimisk'E-
30 nise, g-igSma^yasa G'Jg'ilgEmasa ^nEmgese. Wa, laEm Legade
YaqoLasas Doqw^yisaxs lae LlayoxLil. Wii, la^me qotex'^itsE^we
Doqwfiyisas Hamisk'Enise. Wii, la^me LegEmg'ElxLtilasa yisox A^mii-
wTyuse Lo^ K'lade liixa baxuse. Wii, lii LegadEs Liinalag'ilise hlxa
hamshamts !Ese; wii he^mis G'Igameq !6lEla liixa ^wiilase nulEmala.
35 Wii, he^mis ^wllsnkulag'ilise laxa toxHvide l6^ NEnqlolEla laxa
^walase nana. Wii, laEm LeLEgEms Laxa ts!ets!eqaxa mosgEme
LeLEgEma. Wa, la^me LlayoxLa^ye LaxxElIdzEmgiis ^nii^nEmp Ieu-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1087
Lax' LElidzEmga (IV 8) to ^na^nEmplEngilayugwa (IV 8) because 38|
her father paid the marriage debt. Now they had a daughter, who
|
was named by Hamisk'Enis (III 8), ^maxiilayugwa (V 1). || Then 40
Doqwayis (IV 6) came to Fort Rupert with his wife, ^na^nsm-
|
plEug'ilayugwa (IV 8), and their princess, ^maxiilajiigwa (VI).
Before ^maxiilayugwa (V 1) had grown up, Doqwayis (IV
| 6)
became sick; and the chief did not he down long before he died.
|
|
Doqwayis (IV 6) left a copper, the great expensive copper || Lobilila, 45
which he had obtained from his father-in-law Hamisk'Enis (III 8)
when the latter paid his marriage debt; and when those
| who had
buried Doqwayis (IV 6) came home, Awade invited all the men of
|
the GwetEla (that is, the real Kwag'ui) and the Q!6moy&^ye. He
|
did not invite the ^walas Kwag'ui, for the dead chief, Doqw&yis
)
(IV 6) , belonged to them. || And when all had come into the house of 50
Awade, he told them w'hyhe had called them in. He said, "Now
|
we will go and comfort ^maxiilayugwa (VI), because she was
| the
princess of the past Doqwayis (IV 6) ; for the girl| ^maxulayugwa
(V 1) is the only daughter of Doqwayis, although D6qwa\4s (IV
| 6)
had a younger brother, PEngwed (IV 7) ; but || he could not take the 55
place of his elder brother, because Doqwayis (IV 6) had ^maxula-|
yugwa (V 1) for his daughter, and she belonged to the elder hne of the
head family of «max' mEwisagEme^ (II 1). The eldest brother
| and
his descendants are always the head family; and they could
| not
g'ilayugwaxs lae qotex'^ides ompe. Wii, la^me xiingwadE- 38
x'^itsa ts!ats!EdagEme. Wa, la Lex'ede Hamlsk'Enisas ^maxula-
yugwa laq. Wa, g'ax^me Doqwayise lax Tsaxise LE^wis gEUEme 40
^na^nEmp lEngilayugwa LE^wis k' ledele ^maxulayugwa. Wa, k' !es-
^mese laEm exEut!ede ^maxiilayugwaxs lae ts!EX'q!EX"^ide Do-
qwayise, wii k"!est!a gael qElgwilExs lae wik' lEx^Ideda g'igama-
yola. Wa, la^me Llaqwaelale Doqwayisaxa ^walase laxula Llaqwe
Lobilila, ylx g-ayauEmas laxes nEgumpe Htimisk'Enisaxs lae qote- 45
xaq. Wa, g'il^mese g-ax niv'nakwa wunEmtax D5qwayisaxs lae
Lelts !ode Awadolaxa ^naxwa bebEgwanEmsa GwetElaxa alak' !ala
Kwag'ula, LE^wa Q!omcya-'ye. Wa, laEm k'!es Laleltslotk-inaxa
^walase Kwagula, qaxs he^mae g'lxgwalEx Doqw&yisde. Wa,
giPmese g'ax ^wFlaeL lax g'okwas Awadaxs lae nelases Legale- 50
laxa ^naxwa bEgwanEina. Wa, la^mes ^nek-a qa^s la tstelwaqax
'maxiilayugwa lax kMedeias Doqwilyisde, qaxs ^nsmox^mae xQ-
nox"dEs Doqwayisdeda tsIatslsdagEme, yix ^maxulayugwa, ytxs
wax'^mae tsalyanokwe Doqwayisdiis PEngwede. Wii, la kMeas
gwex'^idaas he Lax"st6dxes ^nolaxde, qaxs xflngwadae DoqwS.- 55
yisdiis ^miixuLayugwa, ylxs ^nolawiilllae, qaxs kwekwae ^max"-
mEwisagEniayole. Wii, hex'sii^mes kwekwa ^nolawiililexa g-a-
yawe laq. Wa, laxae k'leas gwex'^idaas liiyowa ^walase L!aqwe
1088 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 35
give the great cojjper Lobilila to PEiigvved (l\ 7). Therefore
|
60 Awade wished to go || and comfort ^maxdlayugwa (V 1) who was to
take tlie place of her past father. "Rlien Awade stop])ed speaking,
|
the men went out and entered the house of 'maxulaj-ugwa (V| 1)
and all the ^walas Kwag'ul were inside and sitting down with
|
^maxulayugwa (V 1) in the rear of the house. Then the GwetEla
|
65 sat down at the right-hand side, || inside the house; and the Q!6-
moya^ye sat down on the left-hand side of the house; and when|
they were all in, the head chief of the Maamtag'ila, AwaxElag'ilis,
|
stood up and comforted her; and when he had ended his speech, he
|
sat down. Then the head chief of the KukwakWm, Odze^stalis,
|
70 stood up and comforted her, || and when he had ended his speech he
sat down; then the heatl chief of the Gig'ilgam of the Q!omoj-a^ye,
|
YaqoLadze, arose and comforted ^maxiilayugwa (V 1), and when|
he had ended his speech he sat down; then the head chief of the
|
Yaex'agEme^, Lalak'ots.'a, stood up and comforted her, and when
J
75 he had ended his speech || he sat down. Now four chiefs had spoken.
|
Then Hiimasaqa, chief of the DzEndzEnx'ci !aj^o, stood up. He
|
carried the great expensive copper, Lobilila, and he promised to sell
|
it to give property to all the tribes on behalf of -maxulayugwa (V 1).
Lobilila lax Psngwede. Wa, he^mis lagllas Awade ^nex" qa-s la
60 ts!Elwaqax -maxfdayugwa, qaxs lE-mae Lax"stodElxes ompde. AVa,
guHmese q!\vel-ide Awadiixs lae 'wi-la hoqiiwElseda bebEgwanEme,
qa^s lax'da^xwe lax g"6kwas ^maxulayugwa. Wa, la^me ^wHaeLE-
leda ^walase Kwag'ul k!wesEmelEx -maxidayugwa laxa ogwiwalilas
g'okwas. Wa, a^niise klus^'fdllEleda GwetEla laxa helk' !ots!alIlas
65 S,wlLElasa g'okwe. Wa, hetlaliida Q!6moya^ya gEmxots !alllas awi-
LElasa gokwe. Wa, g'll^mese ^wI-laeLExs lae Lax^ullle xamagE-
ma^yasa Maamtag'ila, yix AwaxElag ilise; wa, lit ts!Elwax'eda.
Wa, g-1Pmese labe waldEmas lae k!wag"alila. Wa, lii Lax^idile
xamagEma^yasa Kukwakliime Odzc^stalise qa-'s tslElwax-ede. Wii,
70 g'il^mese labe waldEmas lae k!wagalila. Wii, lit i.ax'ulile xama-
gEuia^yasa G'IgilgEmasa Q!omoya^ya, yix YaqoLadze, qa^s
tslslwax^edex ^maxidayugwa. Wii, g'iPmese liibe waldEmas lae
k!wiig"alila. W^ii, la Lax-'iilile xamagEnia^yasa Yaex'agEma^ye, yix
Lrdakotsia, qa^s tslfilwax^ede. Wii, g'iPmese labe wiildEmas lae
75 klwiig'alila. Wii, la^me mokwa gig'igama^ye yaq!Eg"a^la. Wii,
la-mes Lax-ullle Hiimasacja, yix glgama^yasa DzEudzEux'qlayowe.
Wii, la^me dfdax Lobilllaxa Hviilase laxula Llaqwa. Wii, la^me dzo-
xwas qaeda ^niixwa lelqwillaLa^ya qa -maxulayugwa. Wa, laEm
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1089
Now he changed her name to Doq\va.\-is (VI). Tlien they gave
i
bhxukets to the head man. That is all about this. 80
|i |
Now DSqwayis (VI) was wooed by Wag'idis (V 2) head chief of|
the LaMaxsE^ndayo, soon after Doqwayis (V 1) had invited allj
the tribes.'
j
Doqwayis had not had Wag'idis for her husband for a long time
when she had a || son . . . Then his name was Tsaxis (VI 1) [of that 85
boy,] because he was born in Tsaxis. When he was ten months
I
old, the thunder-bird rings were put on him . . .
|
I
Not long after this Doqwayis (V 1) gave away blankets on behalf
of her son (VI 1). Now Doqwtiyis herself spoke, and said to her
|
numaym, || the DzEndzEnx'q!ayo, that her son would take the 90|
head seat, and that she, Doqwayis (V 1), would stand at the end of
the DzEndzEUx'qlayo, and that the name of Deyad (VI 1) would
I
be Doqwayis (VI 1). His mother's name was now YaqoLas (VI).|
It was not long before Wag'idis (V 2) and his wife (V 1) YaqoLas
I
had another son (VI 2) grow 95; || and when he began to up, then
Wag'idis (V 2) gave away blankets on behalf of his new son (VI 2).|
He was going to place him in the seat of liis own father, of the|
numaym Laalax'sE^ndayo, who had died, and who was named
|
LElbEx'salag'ihs (IV 9). Now the new child of Wag'idis (VI 2) had
LlayoxLJi, laEm LegadEs Doqwayise. Wa, laEm yaqwaso^ laxa
kwekwe. Wa, laEin gwal laxeq. 80
Wa, la^me gagak" !Ex'-ItsE^we Doqwayisas Wag'idise, yix xama-
gEma^yasa LaSlax's^Endayowe iiExwag'eqexs lax'de lbIeIc Doqwa-
yisaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya.'
Wii, k'!est!a gala la^wade Doqwayisa Wagudisaxs lae xiingwa-
dix'^itsa babagiime . . . Wit, la^me LegadEs Tsaxise, yixs babagu- 85
mae, qaxs hae mayoLEme Tsaxise. Wa, la helogwilaxs lae
kQnxwedEkwa . . .
Wa, k'!est!a alaEin giilaxs lae plEs^ide Doqwayise qaes xuno-
kwe. Wii, la'me xamoda^me Doqwayise nelaxes ^nE^memoteda
DzEudzEnx'qlayowaxs lE^mae laLes xiinokwe LlayostodLEq laxa 90
kwekwe. Wa, a^mise Doqwayise la Laxwala laxa gwilxsdE^yasa
DzEudzEnx'q layowe. Wa, la^me Legade Deyadas Doqwayise. Wa,
Ti^mise la abEmpas la LegadEs YaqoLase. Wa, k"!est!a itlaEm
galaxs lae et!ed xungwadEX'^Ide Wag-icUse LE-'wiils gEiiEme Yaqo-
Lase. Wii, g'iPmese q !wiiq lulyakwalaxs lae p!Es^lde Wag'idise 95
qaes tile babagiim xunokwa. Wii, la^me Lax"stots lax Laxwa^ya-
ses ompwiile liixa ^uE^memote, ylxa Laalaxs'Endayowexa Legadolas
LElbEX'sillag'ilise. Wa, la^me Legadeda ale xunox"s Wag'idisas.
1 Here follows the description of the customs relating to pregnancy and birth, p. 649. In regard to this
marriage, see also p. 1111.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 20
1090 ETHNOLOGY OF 1'HE KWAKIIITL [kth. asn. 35
a name. Then the grandfather (III 8) of YaqoLas (V 1) — that is, the|
200 father (III 8) of the mother (IV 8) of YaqoLas (V 1), — || died, for her
father was Hamisk'Enis (III 8). He was the chief of the numaym
|
Ts lets !Elwalag3,me^ of the Nimliish; and the mother of YaqoLas
|
(V 1), ^na^nEmp lEng' ihij'ugwa (IV 8), had no time to take her
father's seat, when she also was taken ill and died. Now YaqoLas
|
(V 1) was with child, and the cliiefs of the Ninikish wished in vain li
I
5 for YaqoLas (V 1) to take the seat of her grandfather, Hamisk'Enis
(III 8). Then YaqoLas (V 1) said that she would take it after a
I
while. Then she had another son (VI 3) ; and when he began to|
grow up, YaqoLas (V 1) and Wag'idis (V 2) gave blankets to the
I
Nimkish, and then the new child took the seat of Hamisk'Enis
|
10 (III 8) in his numaym the || Ts!ets!Elwalagame^; and his name was
Hamisk'Enis (VI 3), although he was a child, and he also|
took his seat. That is all about this.
|
Now I wall speak again about Wag'idis (V 2), when he wooed the
princess of ^maxwa (V 3), head chief of the Mamaleleqala on behalf
|
of his eldest son Doqwayis (VI 1) ; for the princess of ^maxwa (V3)|
15 was Hamdzid (VI 4). Now Doqwayis (VIII 1) married her. It was
not a long time before they had a son (VII 1). When the son of
|
Doqwayis (VI 1) was ten months old, he was given the name
|
Wawalk'ine (VII 1), for this is the name of the child of Doqwayis.|
Now the child got a name from his mother's side. Then ^maxwa
|
Wii, la^me lE^le gagEmpas YaqoLase, yix ompas abEmpas Yaqo-
200 Lase, yixs ayadaas Hamisk'Euise, yixa g'lgilma^yasa ^nE^memiisa
TsletslElwalagama^yasa ^nEmgese. Wii, wisomalat!a &bEmpas
YaqoLase, yix ^ntVnEmp lEng'ilayugwa la La.x"stodxes ompiixs lae
ogwaqa ts!Ex'q!Ex'^ida, wa, la wlk'lEx-eda, ylxs la^maaxaa Yaqo-
Lase bEwekwekwa. Wa, laEm wax'a g'lg'Egama^yasa ^nEmgese ^nex'
5 qa he^mise YaqoLase la Lax"st6dxes gagEmpde Hamisk'Enisde.
Wil, la ^nek'e YaqoLase, qa^s hayalaies la. Wa, la^me et!ed
xungwadEX'^Ida, yisa babagQme. Wa, g'il^mese q !waq IQlyax^wI-
dalaxs lae YaqoLase Lo^ Wag'idise p !Ets lELElaxa ^nEmgese. Wa,
la^me Lax"stodeda ale xunox"sex Hamisk'Enisde laxes ^nE^memota
10 Ts lets lElwalagama^ye. Wa, la^me LegadEs Hamisk'Enisa wax'^me
ginanEma. Wa, laEmxae laLEX klwa^yas. Wa laEmxae gwal lilq.
Wa, la^mesEn edzaqwaLEs Wag'idisaxs lae gagak" !ax k' ledelas
^maxwa, yix xamagEma^ye g'Igamesa MamaleleqS,la qaes Lawiil-
gama^ye Doqwayise, yixs k'!edadae ^maxwas Hamdzide. Wil,
15 la^me gEg'ade Doqwayisas. Wa, k'!est!a galaxs lae xungwadEx'^I-
tsa babagiime. Wa, la^mes hS-yaqeda xiinokwas Doqwayisaxes
helogwilaena^ye, yix Wawalk'ina'^ye, qaxs he-mae LegEms xuno-
kwas Doqwayise. Wa, laEm gwek'IotlEndale LegEmas xunokwas
laxes abask' !ote. Wa, la^me tslEX'qlEX'^ide ^maxwa. Wa, k'lestla
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1091
(V 3) was taken ill, and after a short time he died. Before he died, 20ll
but when he knew that he was not going to recover, because he was
I
gettmg weaker all the time, he asked his daughter (VI 4) to call|
I
in his numaym, the Mamaleleq ISm, for he said he wanted to speak to
them. Immediately Hamdzid (VI 4) called in her numaym. || When 25
I
all came in, Chief ^maxwa (V 3) spoke, and he told his numaym that|
his mind was getting weak on account of his sickness. "I wish\ |
my grandchild Wawalkiue (VII 1) to take my place. His name
|
shall be ^maxwa when I die." Thus he said to his tribe. Now, what 30II
should his numaym say? for reaUy the child was of his own blood,
|
the child of Doqwayis (VI 1) and of his wife Hamdzid (VI 4). When|
night came. Chief ^naxwa (V 3) died, and in the morning at day-|
break the Mamaleleqala buried their chief ^maxwa (V 3). When|
the people who had buried him came back, || the chief of the numaym 35
WiwomasgEm, NEg'ii, called his tribe the Mamaleleqala; and
|
when they were all in his house, NEg'ii said that he called them to|
I
comfort Hamdzid (VI 4) and her child Wawalk'ine (VII 1).
|
Then aU who were in the house of NEg' a went out and went into|| the 40
house of Wawalk'ine (VII 1); and the chiefs of the Mamaleleqala|
spoke in turns, comforting Wawalk'ine (VII 1) and his mother|
galaxs lae wik' lEx^ida. Wa, hexoLexs k" les^mae wik' lEx^lda. Wii, 20
laEm ql^LEle ^maxwaxs k'lesae la ek'Iema, ylxs a^mae hextala
wiiLlemadzE^nakula. Wa, he^mis la Sxk- !alatsexes k'ledeleqa Lel-
tslodesexes ^UE^memoteda Mamaleleq !Eme, qaxs ^nek'aaxs waklEm-
nok'.wexsdaaq. Wa, hex-^ida^mese Hamdzide Lelts!6dEx ^uE'^me-
motas. Wa, g-ll^mese g-ax ^wFlaeLExs laasa g-Igama^ye ^maxwa 25
yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^me nelaxes ^uE^memotaxs lE^mae ^wi^weLle-
x^ede naqa^yas laxes ts!Ex-q!aena^ye: "Wa, yu^mesEn gwE^yo qa
Llayo gaxEnEn ts!ox"LEmaqox Wawalk'ina^ye. Wa, LVmox Legad-
LEs ^maxwa qEULo lal WEyEmsaleLo ;" ^nek'exes g-6kQl6te. Wa,
qa ^mases waldEmas ^uE^memotas, qaxs ala^mae hESEmq Elkweda 30
g-inanEme, yix xunokwas Doqwayise LE^wis gEUEme Hamdzide.
Wa, g-iPmese ganuHdExs lae wik" lEx^ededa g-Igama-ye ^maxwa.
Wii, g'iPmese ^nax'^Tdxa gaaliixs lae wiinEmt lededa ^naxwa Mama-
leleqalaxes g-Igamex'de ^maxwa. Wa, giPmese g-ax nii^nakwa
wunEmtax'daq, lae hex'^ida^me g'lgama^yasa ^ns^memotasa Wiwo- 35
masgEme NEg'ii LexxElsaxes g-okulotexa Mamaleleqala. Wii, g'il-
^mese ^wHaeL lax g'okwasexs lae nele NEg'iixs he^mae Lelts'.odEg'il,
qa^s lii tslEJwaqax Hamdzide LE^wis xunokwe Wawalk'ina^ye.
Wa, la^me ^wFla lil hoqttwEls lax g-okwas NEg-a qa^s lii hogwlL
lax g-6kwas Wilwalk-ina^ye. Wii, la^me LlaLlayoguIilEla tslElwa- 40
qeda g-Ig'Egama^yasa Mamaleleqala tslElwaqax Wawalk'ina^ye, le-
^wis abEmpe Hamdzide Lo^me Doqw&yise. Wii, g-il^mese ^wilxtod
1Q92 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
43 Hamdzid (VI 4), and Doqwayis (VI 1). After all the chiefs had|
comforted her, HawasEkl, who was chief under 'maxwa, arose and|
45 promised to give away blankets to ail the tribes || on behalf of
Wawalkine (VII 1); and now his name was to be changed, and his
name was ^maxwa (VII 1); and he was the highest among all thej
Mamaleleqala, although he was a child . That is all about this.
| |
Now, you know there was one daughter of ^max'niEWIsagEme^|
50 (II 1), Llaqwael (III 3), and also one son, Gweno (III|| 4), who were
left behind among the AwiL ledEx", when he went home with his|
prince LalelirJa (II 1) and K'anelk'as (II 2) to Ts!ade. As soon|
as Gweno (III 4) was a young man, he married the princess of|
Wak'as (II 5) chief of the OyalaidEx" ; and the name of, the princess|
55 of Wak'as (II 5) was Q!akflyig'i4ak" (III 9). They had a son, || and
the name of this child was GwayolElas (IV 10). He took this name|
from the names of ^max'mEwisagEme^ (II 1). That is aU tha( I will|
say about this.
|
Now, L!aqwael (III 3) married Chief Ts!Ese (III 10) of the
60 XaesEla, and she had a son, and the name of the son || was ^max'-|
niEwisagEme^ (IV 11). The boy obtained his name from the|
DzEndzEnx'q!ayo; and Llaqwael (III 3) was also given in mar-|
riage the name L'.aqwaelax ^maxuyalldze (III 3). These names also
camefrom theDzEndzEnx'q !ayo. Andshehadanotherchild,agirl.I |
43 la ts lElwax^ldeda g'lg'Egama^yaxs lae Lax^ullle HawasElalexa g'iga-
ba^yax ^maxwa. Wa, la^me dzoxwa qaeda ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya
45 qa Wawalkina^ye, yixs lE^mae L!ay5xLa. Wii, laEm LegadEs
^maxwa. Wa, laEni kwekwa yisa ^naxwa Mamaleleqala, yixs wax'-
^mae g-lnanEma. Wa, la^me gwal laxeq.
Wii, laEmLas q laLElaqexs ^UEmokwaeda tslEdaqe xunox"s ^max'-
mEwIsat'Emae, yix Llaqwaele; wa, he'misa ^nEmokwe babagtim
50 xunox."s, ylx Gwenawe lo-waLEs laxa AwlLledExwaxs g^axae nii-
^nak" LE^wis LEwulgama^ye LiiLellLla; wa he'mise K'anelk'ase lax
Ts!ade. Wii, g'il^mese helak' lox^wide Gwenawaxs lae gEg'adEx'^its
k'.edelas Wak'ase, yix g'lgama^yasa OyalaidExwe. Wii, la Legade
kMedelas Wakasas Q!akiiylgi-'lakwe. Wii, la^me xiingwadEX'^Itsa
55 biibat'umt\ Wii, la^me Legadeda g'inanEmas GwayolElas. Wa,
la^me o-wek"!6t!Endala lilx i.ex'LEgEmelas ^max'mEWisagEma^ye.
Wii, heEniLEU waloxHvaLElal laq.
Wa, lii lii^wade Llaqwaele laxa XaesEla lax g'ig&ma^yase TsIesc.
Wii laEm xungwadEX'^itsa babagume. Wii, la'me Legade xuno-
60 kwas ^miix'mEwisagEma^ye. Wii, laEuixae gwek-!ot!Enal(J LegE-
masa babagiime Laxa DzEndzEnxqlayowe. Wa, laEmxae LegEm-
o-ElxLale Llaqwaelax -maxiiyalldzex. Wii, laEmxae g ayola LegEme
laxa DzEndzEnx'qIayowe. Wii, la et!ed xungwadEX'-itsa ts!iits!E-
dagEme. Wii, la LegadEs ^walasLala. Wii, laEmxae g-ayola Le-
BOASj FAMILY HISTORIES 1093
Her name was ^walasLala (IV 12), and she obtained fromII the name 65
the DzEndzEnx'q !ayo, and the winter dances which she gave in mar-
riage to her husband. It is said that L.'aqwael (III 3) had many
I
children by her husband; and it is said the children married
| other
women among the XaesEla, and tlierofore the northern tribes have
|
the names Hamdzid anil Llaqwagila. At last this is the end.
| II
This is the reason why the names of the DzEiidzEiix' q !ayo are 70
scattered. It is on account of their chief ^max'mEwisagEme^
|
because he went far away to marry, and on account of his children
|
and grandchildren. That is aU.
|
The LAxsa
I shall begin with LloiJotsa, the poor one who helped 0^maxt!a- 1
|
laLe, when they lived in the village K' !aq !a. Nobody knows
|
where LloLlotsa came from. He would have been chief on account
of his supernatural treasure, the canoe found on the river
| G'evox",
but he just gave it to O^maxtlalaLe, || when he first came home 5
sitting in the hunting- canoe, which he obtained as a
| supernatural
treasure from Blue-Grouse. Then l !ol !otsa was foolish, and he
|
was only the steersman of 0^maxt!alaLe. He never became rich,
j
for he was made unlucky by the hunting-canoe which he obtained as
supernatural treasure. He only continueil skinning
| sea-otters which
were speared by || O^maxt lalaLe, and only was looking 'on when 10
gEme laxa DzEndzEnx-q layowe LE^wa ts lets !exLEne la lag-ElxLes 65
laxes la^wunEme. Wa, la^lae qleuEme sasEmas Llaqwaele LEwis
l.VwunEme. Wa, laEm^laxaawise laElwade waokwe tsledaq sasEms
lax gwayasa XaesEla, yix lag'ila LcLEgadeda gwayases Hamdzid lo^
L!aqwag'ila. Wa, ladzala^me laba laxeq.
Wa, heEm lag'ilas gwel-lde LexEgEmasa DzEndzEnx'q!ayowe 70
qaes g-Igama^ye ^max"mEwIsagEma^yaxs qwequsg'ilae lax gEg'ade
LE^wis sasEme LE^wis ts lots !ox"LEma. Wa, laEm gwala.
The Laxsa
HeEmLEn g"ag"iLElaLe L,!oL!otsa, yLxa wlwosllaga helobalts lanes 1
O^maxtlalaLe, yixs g'okQlae lax K'laqla. Wa, he^mesex k'.esae
q!ale g'ayolasas L'.oLlotsa, yixs wax'ilaxsde g'igame qaes Ldgwa^ya
xwak!una lax was G'Eyoxwe. Wii, a^mese la ts!as lax 0^maxt!ala-
La^yaxs g'alae g"ax na^nakwa klwaxsala laxes Logwa^ya ale^watsle 5
xwak!una laxa mag'ag'u. Wa, la^me gwalElaEm uEnolowe l!otJo-
tsa. Wii, la^me aEm la k!waxLcs O^maxtlfilaLa^ye. Wii, la^nie
hewiixa qlomx'^ida qaxs lE^mae amelamatsoses Logwa^;, a ale^wats!e
xwiik!una. Wii, laEm^lae asm hemEniila siipaxa q!fisa ale^wiinEms
O^maxtlalaLa^ye. Wii, laEm^hle aEm x'its!axilaxO-maxt!iilaLa^yaxs 10
1094 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1eth.ann.S6
12 O^maxt lalaLe invited all the villages in the bay of Tsaxis. Many
| |
tribes lived there — Lalax's^Endayo, and DzEnx'qIayo, and the
|
others, l !6l !otsa was always walking, and he went to the village
|
15 of Lalax's^Endayo at Tayagol. Pie woidd || always come home when
it was nearly morning, for Lalax's^Endayo had a pretty woman
| for
a slave. Her name was Tsele. It is not known where she came
|
from. iJoLlotsa went to her every day. Now Tsele was preg-
|
nant. l!6i. !otsa took Tsele for his wife. After some time she
I
20 gave birth to a child, and l !6l !otsa did not marry his wife Tsele inII
the formal way. This is called an illegitimate marriage (sticking
|
together). Now Tsele gave birth to a boy, andLalax's^Endayo was
|
ashamed of what had been done by his slave Tsele. He thought
|
about the name which he was to give to LloLlotsa. Then he gave
|
25 him [the name in marriage] NEnologEme^ as || a marriage-name for
L.'oLlotsa, and also Llesplegaak" for the name of his child. Lalax'-
|
s^Endayo just invented these two names. Now NEnologEme^
]
wished to remain with Lalax's^Eudayo. Then NEnologEme^ left
|
O'maxtlalaLe. Now his wife Tsele was again with child, and she
|
30 gave birth to a boy, || and his children were called illegitimate chil-
dren. Then Lalax's^Endayo made a name for him [his name], and he
I
named him BawEle. Then Tsele had another child; and Lalax'-
| |
11 LelElaaxa ^naxwa g'ox"g-Egwes laxg"a ots!alisg'as Tsaxis. Wa, laEm-
^lae q lenEm la lelqwalaLa^ya g'okiilotas Lalax's^Endayo lo^ DzEnx'q !a-
yo LE^wIs waokwe. Wii, laEm^lawise heniEuala-me LloLlotsa la qas^ida
qa^s le lax g'okulasas Lalax's^Endayo lax Tayagole. Wit, la^lae alna-
15 xwaEm g'ax na^nax"xa la Elaq ^nax'^ldxa gaala, yixs q lagwadae La-
lax's^Endayasa ex'sokwe tslsdaqaxa Legadils Tsele. Wii, laEmxae
k'les q!ale g'ayolasas. Wa, he^mis lauaxwa helEnsos LloLlotsaxa
^naxwa gagEnoLa. Wii, laEm^hiwise bEwex^wide Tsele. Wii, aEm-
^liiwiseLloLlotsalagEg^adEX'^'IdEs Tsele, g'iig'alagEmaqexs k'les^mae
20 mayul^ida. Wii, la^me hewaxa qadzeLe LloLlotsaxes gEUEme
Tsele. Wii, heEm LegadEs k!ut!Exsde. Wii, la^me Tsele mayul-
^itsa biibagume. Wii, la^lae Lalax'S^Endayo raax'tslas gwex'^idaa-
sases qiak'owe Tsele. Wa, la^me sEnx'^Id qa^s LegEmg'ElxLa^ye
lax LloL'.otsa. Wii, lasm^lae LegEmg'ElxLalax NEiiologEma^ye qa
25 LegEms LloLlotsa; he^mise Llesplegaak" qa LegEms xunokwas. Wa,
laEm a^me Lalax's^Endayo sEnenox"sa ma^ltsEmex LCLEgEma. Wii,
la^me NEn5logEma^ye hela dzEuaase Lalax"s^Endayowe. Wii, la^me
alax'^ld bEwe NEn5logEma^yas O^maxt lalaLa^yaxs lae et!ed bEwe-
kwes gEnEme Tsele. Wa, laEmxae mayuPlde Tselasa biibagume.
30 Wa, heEm LegadEs k'.utlExsdanEin g'inginanEme sasEmas. Wii,
la^me Lalax's^Endayowe Leqela qa LegEms. Wa, la^me Lex^ets
BawEle. Wii, la^me wax'dz^la mayoLe Tsele. Wa, laEmxae
Lalax"s^Endayowe Llayux LegEmas Tsele. Wa, laEm Lex^edEs
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1095
^SEndayo changed the name of Tsele and he named her Lalax'-
|
s^aq !anak", for he was helped by 1| NEn5logEme^, his wife and his 35
children, for they all were working. And therefore Lalax' s^Endayo
|
treated Lalax's^aqlanak" as his own daughter. Now Lalax' s^aq !a-
|
nak" gave birth to a girl next to the two boys which were first
|
born. Then Lalax's^Endayo named her Alak'ilajaigwa, || and he also 40
I
only made up this name. "The name means," thought Lalax"-
|
s^Endayo, "that she will make dressed skins for me." Thus he
|
thought. Therefore he named the girl Alak'ilayugwa. Then the
|
many children of NEnologEme^ grew up. Then Lalax' s^Endayo saw
|
that L !esp legaak", the eldest one of the childrenII of NEUologEme^ 45|
was wise. He took care of his property. Then l !esp !egaak" said
|
that he would invite the people living at K' !aq !a —^walasKwax'ila-
|
noktime^, and his prince O^maxt.'alaLe, and his younger brother
|
^walas ^uEmogwis — to give a potlatch. As soon as they came into
||
the house of Lalax's^Endayo, ^walas Kwax'ilanokume^ felt sick at 50
heart when he saw l !ol !otsa, who had now the name NeuS-|
logEme^, who formed now a great tribe with his children; for
I |
^walas Kwax'ilanokiime^ had given NEnologEme^ to Lalax's^Endayo
|
to be his slave. And then Lalax' s^Endayo said that || NEn5logEme^ 55
and his children should now form another tribe. | And the name of
Lalax's^aq lanakwe laq, qaxs S.lae Lalax's^Endayowe la helEmalas
NEnologEma^ye LE^wis gEuEmSLE^wis sasEme, qaxseaxElae^naxwa; 35
wa he^mis lagilas Lalax's^Endayowe ^nEmax'is^Emla lo^ xiingwadEs
Lalax's^aqlanakwe. Wii, laEm^lae tslatslEdagEme mayuLEmas La-
lax's^aq'.anakwe makilaxa ma^l5kwe babEbagiime g"il mayuLEms.
Wa, laEm^lae Lalax"s-Endayowe Lex^edEs Alak"ilayugwa laq. Wii,
laEmxae S.Em sEnanEmaxa LegEm, yix ^ne^nak'ilasa LegEme, yixs 40
^nenk' leqElae Lalax's^Endayo, "lE^maas alak'ilal qaEn," ^nex"^lae
naqa^yas. Wii, he^mis lagilas i.ex^edEs Alak'ilayugwa laxa tsla-
tslEdagEme. Wii, la^lae qlulsqlulyax^wideda q'.enEme sasEms
NEnologEma^ye. Wa, laE^mlae Liihix's^Endayowe doqulaqexs naga-
dae bEgwilnEme Llesplegaakwexa ^nolast '.EgEma^yas sasEmas NEno- 45
logEma^ye. LaEm^lae axelaxes dadEk'ase. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek'e
L!esp!egaakwe qa^s LelElexa g'okula lax K"!iiq!a lax ^walas Kwax"i-
lanokuma^ye LE^wis LEWElgama^ye O^maxt '.iilaLa^ye LE^wis tslii^ye
^walas ^nEmogwise qa^s p!Eseq. Wii, giPEm^liiwise g'ax hogwiLa
liix g'okwas Liilax's^Endayo Ma^lase tslEx'ila naqa^yas ^wiilas Kwaxi- 50
lanokume lae dox^waLElax L!oL!otsaxa la LegadEs NEnologEma^yaxs
lae la qlenEm lelqwiilaLa^ya LE^wis sasEme. Wii, he^mis liig'ilas
g"ex^ede ^walas Kwaxilanokuma^yas NEnologEraa^ye liix Liilax'-
s^Endayowe qa qiak'os. Wa, he^mis la ^neg'ats Liilax's^Endayowaxs
ogti^la^mae la lelqwalaLa^ye NEnologEma^ye LE^wis sasEme. Wa, 55
la^mesox lEgiixEiilax Elgiinwe g"iig-iLEla liixwa ^niilax, ^nex'^lae
1090 ETHNOLOGY OF TIIK KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 36
57 that tribe was Elgiinwe^ beginning that day. Thus said Lalax'-|
s^Endayo to ^walas Kwax'ilanokunieS and now the name of the
tribe of NEnologEme^ and his children was Elgiinwe^ Now 1
|
L!esp!egaak"gave away property to his guests. And then iJesp !e-
60 gaak" said that he would change his name, and he said his name||
would be G'exk'Enis. He did not get the name G'exk'Enis from
I
any place. He only thought that he was a chief, because he invited1
the tribe from K' !aq !a. But they can not wipe off their ancestors:| |
his father l !ol !otsa and his mother Tsele had been slaves. This is
65 called by the Indians "not-noble stock," because theyare slaves onII
both sides, those whose tribal name is Elgiinwe^ It is a great dis-|
grace to the numaym Elgunwe^ that both were slaves — the father of|
Gexk'Enis and his mother— and also that^walas Kwax'ilanokiime-'|
gave away NEuSlogEmc-' that is iJoiJotsa, to Lalax's^Endayo. |||
70 Now G'exk'Enis and his younger brother BawEle were grown up,|
and also their sister Alak'ilayugwa. Now he tried in vain to marry|
the princess of DzEnx'q!ayo, whose name was ^maxula^1lg^va. |
Now DzEnx'qIayo had also changed his name DzEnx'qIayo; and he|
75 had the name Hayalk'EngEme^ He laughed, and said, "Don't try||
too much G'exk'Enis. Evidently you believe that you are a chief,|
G'exk'Enis, that you askfor your wife DzEnx'qIayugwa." |Thus said
Hayalk'EngEmeS and called him his slave. Then G'exk'Enis|
57 Lahix's^Eiulayo lax ^walas Kwax'ilanokuma^ye. Wa, la^me lEguxi-a-
hax Elgunwa^ye NEnologEma^ye LE^wis sasEme. Wii, la^lae yax-
^wiilc L'.esp'.egaakwaxes Lelslakwe. Wii, la^me ^nek'e L!esp!egaa-
60 kwe qa^s LlayoxLexes LegEme. Wii, laEm-'lae ^nex' qa^s Legacies
G'exk'Enis. Wa, laEm k'!eas g'aj'OLatsexes LegEme G'exk'F.nise,
yixs a^mae k'ota lasm g'lgama^ya qaes LelElaena^yaxa g'okula lax
K'laq'.a. Wii, la k'leas gwex'^idaas deg'lLEle qlaqlEk'aes g'llg'ali-
sexes ompe L'.oLlotsa LE^wis abErape Tsele. Wii, heEm gwE^yiisa
65 bakWme kMeas awanaya ogMa lax qIaqlEgunose, ylxa la lEguxLiilax
Elgunwa^ye. Wa, laEm ^wtilas q'.Emiisa ^nE^memotasa Elgunvva^ya,
yixs maledala, yixs qliiqiEk'Jie ompas G'exkEnis LE^vis tibEmpe.
Wa, he^mise ^walas Kwax'ilanokuina^yaxs lae g'ex^its NEnologE-
ma^ye, yix L'.oL'.otsa lax Lalax's^Endayowe.
70 Wii, laEm^hxwise q '.illsq lidyakwe G' exk-Enise LE^wis ts !a^5'^e BawEle.
Wa, he^misLes wEq'.we Alak'ilayugwa. Wa, laEm^lae wax' ^nek'
qa^s gEg'ades k' '.edelas DzEnx'q'.ayaxa Legadii las ^maxulayugwa.
Wii, ixEm^ltiwise DzEnx'q!ayaxa lE-'miixat! LliiyoxLii DzEnx'q!a-
yowe. LaEm^lae LegadEs Hayalk'EngEme, daHda. Wii, la^lae
75 ^nek'a: "Gwaldzas XEnL'.ala (i'exk'Enisa lE-maaxEnqos oq'.us^Em la
g-iganur'ya G'exk'Enisa, yudzax-e gEUEmse yux DzEnx'qIayugwax,"
^nex'^lae HayalkEngEma^ye Lex^edxes qiak'owe. Wa, laEni^lae
G'exk'Enise q'.aL^aLElaqexs q'.aq'.Ek'aes g'ig'aolnuk" laxeq qaxs we-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1097
found out that his parents had been slaves; for he did not beheve it, 79
|
although he had been told by them that his parents had been slaves. ||
Now he only had DzEnx'qlayugwafor his sweetheart. He had not 80
been long in the house of Hayalk' EngEme^, when DzEnx'qIayugwa
|
left and went into the house of Lalaxs^Endayo. Now Lalax's^En-
I
dayo changed his name and his name was Llaqwalat; for Neho-| |
logEme^ and his children still remained there. The reason why ||
DzEnx'q !ayugwa went away was that she discovered that she was 85
with child. Then she gave birth to a girl. Now l !aqwalat thought
|
up a name for her, and a name occuri'ed to him, and he called the
|
I
child of G'exk'Euis Alaginiil. Then DzEnx'qIayugwa gave birth
|
to a boy, who was born next to || Alaginiil. Then G'exk'Enis 90
invented a name, and his invention was Ek'!awig'i4ak". That was
|
the name of the boy. He named him Ek'Iawig'i^lak". The name
|
was only an invention.
I |
Now I stop for a while to talk about G'exk'Enis, and I || shall talk 95
about the sister of G'exk'Enis, Alak' ilayugwa, who became the
|
Sweetheart of Tslag'i^lak", a foolish man, the youngest one of the
|
five sons of the chief of the numaym Haayalik' awe^, who was
|
named HilxiiyosEme^ : for the youngest one is never taken care
|
of by his father, there being five sons and || he was like a slave and a 100
yoqiusaaxs wax'ae ^nex'SE^wa, yixs q!aq!Ek'§,es g'Ig'aolnukwe. Wa,
la^me a^mEl waLadEX'^idEs DzEnx'qIayugwa. Wa, k'les^lat !a gala SO
hela g'okwas Hayalk'EngEma yixs g'axae bEwe DzEnx'qIayugwa
qa^s g'axe lax g'okwas Lalax's^Endayo yixs lE^maaxat-I LlajuxLa
Lalax's^Endayowe. Wa, laEm LegadEs Llaqwalal qaxs hex^sa^mae
la NEnologEme^ye LE^wis sasEme. HSeI lag'itas g'ax ma^wa lae
DzEnx'qIayugwa,. qaxs lae qialaxs lE^mae bEwekwa. Wa, la^lae 85
mayuPitsa tsIatslEdagEme. Wa, laEni^lae Llaqwalal sEna qa
LegEms. Wii, lii^lae g'lg'aex^ed qa LegEms. Wii, la^me Lex^ets
Alag'imlle laxa xunokwas G'exk'Enise. Wa, laEm^lae DzEnx'qIa-
yugwa ysila mayuLasa babagiim lae etiede mayuLEms mak'ilax
Alag-imile. Wa, he^latla G'exk'Enise sEnx'^ld qa LegEms. Wa, 90
laEm^lae sEuanEmax Ek'Iawig'i^lak". LaEm^lae Lex^ets laxes baba-
giime xunokwa. Wa, la^me LegadEs Ek'Iawig'i^lak" laq. Wii, la-
Emxae aEm sEnanEmaxa LegEms.
Wa, la^mEn gwal gwagwEX's^ala lax G'exk'Enise yawas^ida qsn
gwagwex's^ale lax wiiqlwas G'exk'Enise lax Alak- ilayugwa, yixs 95
laaxatl waLadEs Ts!ag'i^lax"xa uEnolowe bEgwanEina amayinxa^yas
sEk'Iakwe bebEgwauEm sasEm bagwanEmx'sas g'lgama^yasa ^he-
^meniotasa Haayalik'awa^yexa LegadEs HaxQyosEma^ye, yixs k' lesae
qiadzayo amaylnxa^yases ompax sEk'Iakwae bagwauEmx'saye sasE-
mas, yixs a^mae ^Emax'isLE^waqlak'OLE^wa ^watsle. Wa, laEm%e 100
1098 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.3b
2 dog. Now Alak'ilayug^va reall}^ loved Ts.'ag'i-lak", and Ts.'ag'i-
|
I
^lak" never left the house of Llaqwalal; for Tsl^g'i^ak"
| came as a
stranger from south of Tsaxis. Now Alak' ila^mgwa really did not
|
5 mind that her brother G'exk'Enis tried to tell her || in vain that she
should not make known that Ts lag" i^lak" was her lover. | Alak'i-
layugwa only said that she was proud to have for her lover the
|
prince of HaxuyosEme^. Then G'exk'Enis was silent. NowAlak'i-
|
layugwa was with child. Then she was driven away by her brother
|
10 G'exk'Enis, when he found out that || Alak'ilayug^va was with child.
Immediately Tslag'i^lak" asked Alak'ilayugwa to carry their goods
|
to a cave this side of K' !aq !a. Then the lovers carried their goods
I
there. Then Ts lag' i^lak" and his beloved Alak'ila3mgwa staid there
| |
a long time. Then she gave birth to a boy in the cave. They ||
15 hved there a long time in the cave. Then Alak'ilayugwa asked her
|
lover Ts!ag'i4ak" to go with their goods to Wadzolis. Immediately
|
Tslag'i^lak" loaded his small canoe, and they went to Wadzolis.
|
When they arrived there, TsIS-g'i^lak" took his slow-match box and
|
20 he took out || his slow-match, which was burning at one end just Uke
a rope of soft cedar bark. Then he made a fire; and when the fire
|
blazed up, he put out his slow-match, and put it into the slow-
|
match box. Now he was already making fires wherever he went
I
1 alak'Iala taxulanokwe Alak'ilayugwas Ts!§-g"i^lakwe. Wa, la^me
Tslag'i^lakwe k'les bEx"b6kwas g'okwas L'.aqwalale, yixs bagunsae
Ts!ag'i^lakwe g'ax'^id laxa ^nalenak'alas Tsaxise. Wa, la^me alak' !ala
k' !es Swilag'ile Alakulayugwa lax wax'aes wOqlwa yix G'exk^Enisaxs
5 wax^ae axk'Ialaqa k'leses xEuLEla neltsEmalax wiiLadaas Tslag'i^la-
kwe. Wa, aEm^lawise Alak'ilayugwa ^nek'Exs LEmqaes naqa^yaxs
waLadaasa LawElgS,ma^yas HaxuyosEma^ye. Wa, aEm^lawise G'ex-
k'Enise la q Iwel^eda. Wii, laEm^lae bEwex^wide Alak'ilayugwa. Wa,
la^me k'ayolEmses wuq!we G'exk'Enise, j'ixs lae qla^staqexs lae
10 bEwekwe Alak'ilayugwa. Wa, a^mese hex'^ida^me Tslag'i^lakwe
axk'!alax Alak'ilayugwa qa^s lax'da^xwe ma^wa laxa gwasa^yas
K'laq'.a laxa x'opese. Wii, laEm^lawise ma^weda wtiLala. Wii,
laEm^lawise galak'as hele Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis waLEle Alak'ilayu-
gwa. Wa, laEm^lae mayuWtsa babagume laxa x'opese. Wa, laEm-
15 ^lilwise giilak'as^Em g-okiila liixa x'opese. Wii, Ifi^lae Aliik'ilayugwa
axk'Ialaxes wai.Ele Ts'.iig'i^lak" qa^s lii ma^wa lii.x Wadzolis. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^lawise Ts!ag'i^lakwe moxsaxesxwiixwagume. Wii, la^me
lax'da^x liix Wildzolis. Wii, g'lpEm^lilwise liig'aa lae hex'^ida^me
Tsltig'i^lakwe ax^edxes pEnagats'.e gildasa. Wii, hVlae axwults'.od-
20 -xes pEnaqexa x'ixbala g'lltia he gwex"sa dEUEma k'adzEkwe.
Wii, la^me lEx^walisa. Wa, g'il^mesg x'lk'ostawe lEqwela^yas lae
k'lilx^edxes pEnaqe, qa^s g'ets'.odes laxes pEniigats'.e g'ildasa. Wii,
la^me gwillElaEm laxsa laxes Leqwi^lalase. Wii, la^me ^nex'xes
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIES 1099
(Laxsa). Now he said to his beloved Alak'ilayugwa, "Let our|
child have a name, and his name is Ma^nakula (Moving-along) , as 25||
we were doing when we went moving our goods to Wadzohs."|
Thus said Ts lag' i^lak" to his beloved Alak'ilayugwa. Now their|
illegitimate child had the name Ma^nakula. He also just invented]
this name for his son. These are the ancestors of the numaym
|
L^xsa. And therefore the people of the numaym are ashamed of the 30
II
name Laxsa, for Ts lag' i-'lak" was the youngest of the children of
|
HaxuyosEme^, the head chief of the numaym Haayahk' awe^ of the
|
Q lomoya^ye.
|
And Alak'ilayugwa gave birth to a girl, and Tsl^g'i^lak" invented|
a name for her, || and the name he invented for his daughter was 35
ALe^stalidzEmga. Then he named her ALe^stalidzEmga. Now|
-I
Ts lag' i4ak" and his wife Alak' ilayugwa had two children, the boy|
Ma^nakula and ALe^stalidzEmga. Then Tslag'i^lak" moved again,
|
and went to G'Eyox". || There he lived; and now his two children 40
grew up. Now ALe^stalidzEmga was grown up, and Ma^nakiila also|
I
was a full-grown man. Then Tslilg'i^ak" saw a canoe coming along|
towards them from the south. It arrived at the beach of the house
|
of Tslag'i^lak". Then Tslag'i^ak" and his two children|| went to 45
meet them. And immediately TslS.g'i^ak" asked the stranger why|
waLEla, lax Alak'ilayugwa: "Wa, g'adzax'ox LegadEns xunokwex
qa he^mes LegEmsoqe Ma^nakula laxEn gweg'ilase g'axeg"ins 25
ma^wa laxox Wadzolise," ^nex'^lae Tshxg'i^lakwaxes waLEle Alak"i-
hiyugwa. Wa, laEm^lae Legade kliitExsdanEme xunokwa, yis
Ma^nakula. Wa, laEmxae aEm sEnanEmaxa la LegEmses baba-
gume xunokwa. Wa, heEm g'llg'aUtsa ^nE^memotasa Laxsa. Wa,
he^mis lagilas la max'tslolEm LeqElasE^we ^nE^memotasa Laxsa, 30
ylxs amaylnxa^ye Tslag"i^lakwas sasEinas HiixiiyosEma^ye yix xama-
gEma^ye g'lgamesa ^nE^memotasa Haayalik'awa^yasa Qlomoya^ye.
Wa, laEm^laxae etied mayuHde Alak'ilayugwa yisa tslatslEda-
gEme. Wa, laEm^laxaawise Tslag'i^lakwe sEna qa LegEms. Wa,
la^lae sEnanEmax ALe^stalidzEmga qa LegEmses tslatslEdagEme 35
xunokwa. Wa, laEm^lawise Lex^edEs ALe^stalidzEmga laq. Wii,
laEm^lae ma^lokwe sasEmas Tslagi^lakwe LE^wis gEnEme Alak'ila-
yugwa, yixa bEgwanEme xun5x"se Ma^nakula l6^ ALe^stalidzEmga.
Wa, laEm^laxae ma^wa yix Ts!ag"i^lakwe qa^s la lax G'Eyoxwe. Wa,
hex'saEm^lawise la g'okiile. Wa, laEm^lae q lulsq lulyax^wide ma^lo- 40
kwe sasEms. Wa, laEm exEnte ALe^stalidzEmga. Wa, laEm^laxa-
awise la nEXLaala bEgwanEme Ma^nakula, laa^lase dox^waLEle
Tslag'i^lakwaxa sio^nakula xwakluna gwasx'ala g'aya^nakula laxa
^nalenak'ala. Wa, g'ax^lae g'ax^alis lax LlEma^isas g'okwas Tslag'i^la-
kwe. Wa, laEm^lawise ^wi^la lalale Tsl&gi^lakwe LE^wis ma^lokwe 45
sasEmq. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Ts iag'i^lakwe wuLaxa lelakiime lax
1100 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietii.ann. 35
4S he came paddling. The man rephed to him. Now the visitor
|
|
saw that ALe^stahdzEmga was a pretty woman, and he guessed|
that she must be the (hiughter of Ts!ag'i-'lak": tlierefore he said, ||
50 "I came to marry your princess, chief. I am ^maxflyahsEme^,
|
head chief of the numaym Haayahk' awe^, and my father is Haxu-
yosEme-." Thus said the visitor. He did not recognize that this
|
was his younger brother Tslag'i^lak", from whom he asked a wife.
I
Ts!ag'i4ak" just said, "Go, son-in-law, to your wife ALe^stah-
|
55 dzEmga." Now she had her uncle forher husband. ^maxiiyalisEnie^|| [
and his wife ALe^stalidzEmga had not been married long when she
|
was with child. Then she gave birth to a boy. Now ^maxuyalisEme^|
was really glad, because he had a son. He felt onl}- badly because|
I
60 he did not know the name of his father-in-law; for the children||
never named him anything but Dada, and Alak'ilayugwa also called|
her husband Dada, and ^maxiiyalisEme^ hesitated to ask for the
|
name of his father-in-law. But Ts!i\g'i4ak" knew already that he
|
was his eldest brother ^maxiiyalisEme^ when he said that his
|
65 father was HiixuyosEme^, head chief of the numaym |! Haayalik' awe-.
Then Ts!ag'i4ak" was glad on account of what his brother had
|
done; for ^maxiiyalisEme^ had always tormented his youngest|
brother Ts!ag'i4ak" —I 1.
47 se^wena^yas. Wa, la^lae nanaxma^yedabEgwanEmaq. Wa, laEm^la-
eda lelakume doqfllax ALe^stalidzEmgaxs ex'sokwaes tslfidaq lena^ye.
Wa, ItVlae k'otaq xi'm6x''s Ts!ag-i4akwe, lag'ilas ^nek-e: "G.aga-
50 k'lEnLaxs k"!edelaq5s, gigame-. Wa, nogwaEm ^maxiiyalisEma-j'a
ogumesa ^nE^memotasa Haayalik" awayEn ompe HaxuyosEma^ye,"
^nex^^laeda lelakume. Wii, la^me kMes malt!iilaqexs he^mae
ts!a^yes la g'ayalasa lax Ts!ag"i'lakwe. Wa, aEm'lawise Ts'.agi^la-
kwe ^nek'a: "Gelag'a, nEgilmp, laxg'as gEnEmg'os laxg'a ALe^sta-
55 lidzEmgak'." Wa, la^me lawatses q!ttieye. Wii, k'!est!a giila
hayasEk'ale ^maxuyalisEma^ye LE^wis gEUEme ALe^stalidzEmgiixs
laaEl bEwex^wida. Wa, la^lae mayui^itsa babagume. Wa, laEm-
^lae Loma ek"e naqa^yas ^maxttyalisEnia^ye qaxs bEgwanEmaes
xunokwa. Wit, lex'a^mes ^yagEms naqa-'yasexs k'!es^mae, qlal^aLE-
60 lax LegEmases nEgumpe, qaxs hewaxa^maes sasEme LeqElas ogu'lax
Dada. Wii, laxae Alak'ilayugwa LeqElas Dada laxes la^wiinEme.
Wii, la ^milxuyaiisEma-ye hiilala wuLax LegEmases nEgumpe, yixs
gwalEla^mae q'.al^aLEle Ts'.ag'i^lakwaqexs he^mae ^nolastlEgEma^ye
^miixuyalisEma^ye, yixs lae niek'Exs oguma^yaes ompasa ^nE^me-
65 motasa Haiiyalik'awa^ye, yix HaxiiyosEma^ye. Wii, la^me ek'e
naqa^yas Tslag'i^lakwe qa gwex'^idaasases ^nola, qaxs he^mae
^miixuyalisEma'ye heniEnahi momayalaxes SmiiyEnxa^j'e Tsliig'i^la-
kwe.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1101
Now -'raaxuyalisEine-' said that he was very happy || on account of 70
his son. "Now I shall give my name to be his name. Now you
|
will call him ^maxuyaUsEme^" Thus he said. Then Ts!ag'i4ak"|
had obtained what he was wishing for (to be said by his son-in-|
law), and A.lrik'ilayugwa thought in the same way. Now ^maxiiya-|
lisEme^ wished to go home to his village in lex' siwe^ with his wife 75|| |
ALe^stalidzEinga, and his father-in-law Ts!ag"i4ak", and his wife
Alak'ilayugwa, and also Ma^nakula, the elder brother of Alc^-
|
stalidzEmga. Then they loaded their traveling-canoe with their
|
belongings; and when all their belongings were in, they paddled. Il
|
Now ^maxiiyalisEme^ — for I continue to call him so, for now 80|
^maxiiyalisEme^, the child of the former ^maxuyalisEme^, had that
|
name — sat in the bow of the canoe of his wife ALe^stahdzEmga,|
who was carrying in her lap her son. Then they arrived at LEx'sIwe^|
where his village was. Then || his three younger brothers came down 85
to meet him, and they unloaded the goods. Then Ts!ag'i4ak" and
|
his wife Alak'ilayugwa and his son Ma-nakfda went into the house
|
of his son-in-law. Now the former ^maxuyalisEme^ was asked by
|
his father HaxuyosEme^. He said, "Now teU me where did your
|
father-in-law come from. || What is his name, and that of your wife?" 90
Thus he said. Then the former ^maxuyahsEme^ said, "I don't
|
Wa, laEm^lawise ^nek'e ^maxuyalisEma^ye ^nek'Exs: "Lomak.
ex'g'Eil naqek" qaEn xiinokwaxs bEgwanEinaex. Wa, la^mesEn 70
Leqosaltsg'Eii LegEmk' laq". LaEms LeqElaLEs ^maxuyalisEma^ye
laq"," ^nex'^ae. Wii, la^me laLe Tsl^g'i^lakwaxes walagEle qa
waldEmses nEgump. Wa, heEmxaawise gwala naqa^yas Alak'ila-
yugwa. Wii, laEm^lae ^nek'e ^maxiiyalisEma^ye qa% lalag'i na-
^nakwa laxes g'okulasa lax LEX'siwa^ye LE^wis gEiiEme ALe^sta- 75
lidzEmga lf/wIs nEgumpe Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEnEme Alak'i-
layugwa; wii, he^misLa Ma^nakiila, yix ^nolas ALe^stalidzEmga.
Wa,lax'da^x"^lae moxsases niEmwala laxes yae^yatsle xwaxwakiuna.
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wlLxse niEmwalas lax'da^xwae sex^wida. Wa,
laEin^lae ^nek'e ^maxuyalisEina^ye ;—qEn hex'sa^me LeqElayoq, 80
yixs haaLal la Legadss ^maxtiyalisEma^ya g'lnanEme, ylx xiino-
kwas ^maxuyalisEmemot !a. Wa, laEm^lae k Iwag'iwala, ytxes gEnEme
ALe^stalidzEmga q lElk' '.EqElaxes babagume xtinokwa. Wa, laEm-
^lawise lag'aa lax LEx'siwa^ye laxes g'okiilase. Wa, g'ax^Em^lawise
g'ag'axalasoses yudukwe tslats'.a^ya. Wa,hex'^idaEm^lawis moltoyE- 85
we mEmwaliis. Wa, la^me Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEiiEme Alakulayu-
gwa LE^wis xiinokwe Ma^nakula, lieEm g'aeLEle g'okwases nEgiimpe.
Wa, laEm^lawise wuLasE^we ^maxiiyalisEmemot !a ylses ompe Haxti-
yosEma^ye. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: " Wag'adza gwas^idEs g'ayEmaxaa-
sasox uEgumpex. Angwax'Lox le^wos gEnEmak'oSj" ^nex'^lae. 90
Wa, aEm^awise ^maxiiyalisEmemot !a ^nek'a: "K'ledzEn q'.ala-
1102 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. sb
92 know any other name of my father-in-law but Dada, and my
|
I
mother-in-law has the name Alak' ilayugwa, and my brother-in-law's
name is Ma^nakula, and my wife's name is ALe^stalidzEmga."
|
95 Thus he said. || Then the chief, his father, HiixtiyosEme^, spoke
again, and said, "He must be a great man on account of these
|
|
names, for they seem to be very high names. Let me ask your
|
father-in-law where he came from." Thus he said to his prince.
|
200 Now HaxuyosEme^ called his whole || uumaym, the Haayalik'awe',
to come into his house with his children. Wlien they were in,
|
|
Tslag'i^lak" with his wife Alak' ilayugwa and his son Ma^nakula
|
and ALe^stahdzEmga, the wife of the former ^maxuj^ahsEme, sat
|
5 among them. Chief || HaxuyosEme^ did not stand up, and he was
just sitting in the house, when he spoke, and said, "The reason why
|
I call you, tribe, is that you shall listen to the answer of the father-
|
in-law of my prince ^maxiiyahsEme^ to my question." Thus he|
said. Then he turned towards Ts!ag'i^lak" and said, "O chief ! do
| ||
10 tell me where you come from, and your name, and the name of
|
your father." Thus he said. Then Tslag'i^ak" arose and said,|
"I will answer your question, chief, indeed, since you really ask for
|
my name. Evidently this your prince cUd not recognize me. I
|
92 xox LegEmaxsEn nEgumpex ogd^lii LegEmsox la Dada. Wa, laLox
Alak'ilayugwax'LEn tslsdaqex nEgflmpa. Wa, lox Ma^nakulax'LEn
q!iilesex. Wa, lax ALe^stalidzEmgax'LEn gEUEmex," ^nex^^lae.
95 Wa, la^lae edzaqwa yaq!Eg"a^leda g'Tg^ma^ye, ompse HaxOyosaa-
ma^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "AwihiEmxEntox bEk!wena^yaxs qaos
LeLEgEmex, ylxs Lomaex ealasgEm LeLEgEma. Wegax'En wuLaxox
bEgwanEmex nEgiimpa lax g'ayEmaxalasasox," ^nex'^laexes La-
wElg&ma^ye. Wa, laEm^lawise Le^lale Haxuy5sEma^ye ^wi^laxes
200 ^uE^memota Ilaayalik'awa^ye qa g'axes ^wFlaeLEla lax g"5kwas
LE^wis sasEme. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise ^wMaeLa, wa, g'ax^Em^lae
Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEUEme Alak'ihiyugwa LE^wis bEgwauEme
xilnokwe Ma^nakula; wa, he^misLa ALe^stalidzEmga, yix gEUEmas
^maxuyalisEmemotla kIwagelilEq. Wa, k"!es^lat!a Lax^ullleda g"ig&-
5 ma^ye HaxuyosEma^ye. AEm^lae klwaela lae yaq!Eg"a^la. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'a: "HedEn lag'ila Lelts!odol, g'okulot, qa^s hoLelaos lax
nanaxma^yayoLasox nEgumpaxsEn LawElgama^ye ^maxuyalisE-
ma^ye laxEn wQLasoLa laq"," ^nex"^lae. Wii, la^lae gwegEmx'^Id
lax Ts!alag"i^lakwe. Wa,la^lae ^nek"a: "Yul, g'lg&me^; weg'adzax'E-
10 nu^x" q!§,l^aLElaxes g'ayEmaxaasaos le^wIs LegEma5s lo^ LegEmas
asa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae LiLxHllIle Tsl&g'i^lakwe. Wii, la^lae
^nek"a: "La^mEn nanax^melxes waldEmos, gigame^. Ala^mas wii-
LaxEn LegEma. Wa, laxEntox LawElgama^yaqos k'!es malt'.ala
g"axEn. NogwaEm Ts!ag"i^lakwa, Jlma^yEnxesos sasEmaqos, omp,"
.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1103
am TslS.g'Mak", the youngest of your children, father." Thus|| he 15
said. As soon as he ended his speech, they saw that their chief was|
dead. He died of shame on account of what had been done by his|
prince, who married the (common) little daughter of his youngest
|
son: therefore the breath of the past chief HaxuyosEme^ jumped out
of his body —
| II
I forgot part of what Ts!a.g'i^lak" said to his father when he said 20|
at the end, "My tribe, and that of my children are the Laxsa.
|
Now my grandson, whose name is ^maxQyaMsEme^, stands at the|
head of the L^xsa." Thus he said.
|
As soon as the former ^maxiiyalisEme^ found that his father the
chief was dead, because he had died of shame, he arose and spoke. 25II |
He said, "O tribe! Let my past father-in-law and the whole
|
number of them and my child stay away for a while. Now my|
former name, ^maxiiyalisEme^, shall be his true name, for the head|
chief for the Laxsa." Thus he said. "Now I shall have the name
HaxuyosEineS the former name of my father." Thus he said.|| ,30
Immediately Tsl^g'i^ak", and his wife Aiak' ilayugwa, and|
|
Ma^nakula, and ALe^stalidzEmga, and her child ^maxfiyalisEme^
|
got ready and went aboard their traveUng-canoe. They went|
home to G'Ey5x". Tslag'i^ak" was happy because he had fooled ||
his eldest brother, and because he had obtained the true name 35
|
^nex-^lae. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlulbe waldEmasexs lae dox^waLEla 15
g"ig&mex"daxs lE^maalaxoL lE^la. LaEm max"ts!alisEm qa gwex"^I-
daasases LawElgama^yaxs lae gEg'adEs ts !ats '.EdagEme xtin5x"ses
&ma^yEnxa^ye, lag'ilas dEx'awe hasa^yasa g'lgamayole HaxuyosE-
mayola.
Wa, hexoLEn L'.ElewesE^we waldEmas Tslag'i^lakwaxes ompde, 20
yixs lae alxLala ^nek"a: "Fle^mEn lEgiixLayo Logiin sasEmg"e Laxsa.
Wa, g"ax^mesg"En ts!6x"LEmak" LegadEs ^maxflyalisEma^ye qa Laxu-
mesa Laxsa," ^nex"^lae.
Wa, gipEm^lawise q'.al^aLEle ^maxiiyalisEmemot !axes g"igS,mex"de
ompExs lE^mae lE^la, yixs max'tsIalisEmae, wa, la Lax^ulila qa^s 25
yaq'.Eg'a^le. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, g'ok^lot, hag'aEmI lasLak'
qwedg'En iiEgumpdg'En Logwas ^waxaasEk', Logiin xtinox"dEk'.
Wa, la^mes laLEn LegEmx'de ^maxtiyalisEma^ye qa k\a, LegEms laxa
Laxmna^yasa L&xsa," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, la^mesEn LegadElts Haxuyo-
sEma^ye lax LegEmx-dasEii ompda," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'idaEm^la- 30
wise xwanaHde Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wis gEnEme Alak'ilayugwa l5^
Ma^nakiila ; wa, he^mise ALe^stalidzEmga LE^wis xiinokwe ^maxOya-
lisEma^ye, qa^s hoguxse laxes ya^yatsle xwakluna. Wa, g-ax^me
na^nak" lax G"Ey6xwe ek"!eqEla lae Tsag"i^lakwe qaes nanoltselax'-
^idaaxes ^nolast'.EgEma^ye. Wa, he^misexs lae I41xa MaEm LegEme 35
1104 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
37 ^inaxuviilisEine^ for his griindcliild. Only once did the niiniaym
|
Laxsil obtain a name from their relatives; for their other
| names
were invented: therefore they have only one true name ^maxQ-
|
40 yalisEme'. They have no privileges, because || nobody allowed the
sons (of the Laxsa) to marry the princesses of the chiefs of the
|
tribes; for only that way do the chiefs of the tribes obtain privi-
|
leges. Tlie Laxsii are called "slaves-born-from-the-youngest-one,"
I
and here the one who told me the story stopped. He said that he was
|
45 ashamed to talk about the clan Laxsa,ll because Ts!ag'i4ak" just
made up the names. The past chief HaxiiyosEme^ gave the
| |
name Tslag'i^lak" to his youngest son. Therefore
j there are two
names obtained from their relatives, ^maxuyalisEme^ and the name
|
of the wife of Ts!agi4ak". ||
The elgunwe^
1 Now Lalax's^Endayo, he who changed his name Lalax'sE^ndaj'o
|
to the name iJaqwalal, had a slave. He also changed the name of
|
his slave TseJe, and gave her the name Lalax's^aq !anak". Then he
|
5 regretted what he had done with his name 11 Lalax'sE^ndayo, and
therefore he changed his name to l laqwalal. Now he only invented
|
36 -maxiiyalisEma^ye qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa, ^nEmp!Ena-
Em^lae laLe ^nE^memotasa Ijaxsaxa LeLFxadzEse LegEma, yixs S,^mae
^wFhi sEnauEmaxes LeLEgEme. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas ^nsmsgEm ala-
kMala LegEmse ^maxuyalisEma^3^e. Wit, laEm kMeas k'les^os qaxs
40 k'!esae helqlolEm gEg'ades bebEgwanEme sasEmsa kMeskMEdelasa
g'ig'Egama^yasa lelqwalaLa^ye, yixs lex"a^mae axnogwatsa al^ogii-
qfda k'!ek"!Es^axa g^Ig^Egama^yasa lelqwalaLa^ye. W&, heEm ama-
^yEDxa^yawa q!ax"k' lotEmxxeda Laxsa. Wa, heEm walale waldE-
masa nosa qaEU. Wii, laEm ^nek'Exs max'ts'.ae et!ed gwagwex'-
45 s'ala laxa ^nE^memotasa Laxsa yix lag"ilas ^nex'so aEm sEnanEme
Ts'.agi^lakwaxes LeLEgEme. Wit, laEm^lae hfts^Emxa gigamayolae
HiixiiyosEmayola LeqElae Ts!agi^lakwe qaes amsVyEnxa^ye xunokwe
Ts!agi=lakwe. Wii, la^me maltsEmxoxa LeLeLaladzEse LegEm lo^
^maxiiyalisEma^ye. Wa, he-'mae LegEmas gEnsmas Tslag'i^lakwe.
The Elgunwe^
1 Wii, la^me qlagwidase Liilax"s^Endayo, yixa la L'.iiyoxLa Lalax*-
s^Endayowe, yixs lae LegadEs Lliiqwalal. Wii, laEmxae L'.ayox
LegEmases qlak'owe Tsele. Wii, laEm Lex^edEs Lalax"s^aq!anakwe.
Wa, laEm^lae milyatases gwex"4daasases LegEme Liilax's^Enda-
5 yowe, lag'ilas Llayox'LiilabEnts L laqwalal. Wii, lasmxae ^Em
sEnenux" la LegEms LloL'.otsa, yixs lae LegadEs NEnologEma^ye
BOAS] Family histories 1105
a name for l !ol !otsa when he named him NEnologEme^, because he 7|
was a foolish man. Then the latter had a boy, and Llaqwalal|
thought about a name. Then he invented the name l !esp legaak".|
Then (L!5L!otsa) had another son, and || l iaqwalal named him 10
BawEle, and he also invented this name. Then he had a daughter,|
and it occurred to Llaqwalal that she should work dressing skins|
when she was grown up, and therefore l Iaqwalal named her Ala-
|
k'ilayugwa. Now the eldest of the children of NEnologEme*, || Llesple- 15|
gaak", invited the tribe living at K' !aq !a, ^walas Kwax'ilanokQme^
|
and his children; and Llesplegaak" planned to change his name.
|
Then he invented the name G'exk"Enis for his new name. Then
|
his name was G'exk'Enis. All his names were invented, and these|
were the ancestors of the numaym Elgunwe^ of the II GwetEla who 20
are now called Kwexamot. Gexk' Enis was the head chief of the num-
|
aym Elgunwe^. He had for a sweetheart the slave of DzEnx'q| !ayu,
whose name was DzEnx'qIayugwa; for the house of Llaqwalal and|
DzEnx"q !ayu were close together at Tayagol. As soon as DzEnx'q !a-
|
yugwa had found that she was || with child, she loaded her belong- 25
ings, and went to the house of l Iaqwalal, and there she hved with|
her illegitimate husband. And DzEnx'qIayugwa gave birth to a
|
girl, and l Iaqwalal invented a name for the girl. Then it occurred
|
qaes nEnoia,e bEgwanEma. Wa, la xungwadEx'^Itsa babagume. 7
Wa, la Llaqwalal sEnx'^id qa LegEms. Wa, laxae sEnanEmax Lles-
plegaakwe. Wa, laxae etied xungwatsa babagOme. Wa, laEmxae
Llaqwalal Lexe^dEs BawEle laq. Wa, laEmxae ^Em sEnansmaxa 10
LegEme. Wa, laEmxae etIed xQngwatsa tsIatslEdagEme. Wii, la
Llaqwalal g'Tg'aex^edqexs eaxEleLaxa alag'Eme qo q lulyax^wIdLa
tsIatslEdagEme, lag'ilas Llaqwalal Lex^edEs Alak'ilayugwa laq. Wa,
g'il^mese ^nolastlEgEma^yas sasEmas NEn5logEma^ye, yix Llesple-
gaak" LelElaxa g'oktila lax K' laq la, ylx ^walas Kwaxilanokuma^ye, 15
LE^wis sasEme lae sEnx'^ide Llesplegaak" qa^s LlayuxxalabEnday^.
Wa, la SEnanEmax G"exk"Enise qa^s al LegEma. Wa, la^me
LegadEs G'exk'Enise. Wa, la^me aEm ^naxwa sEnanux"ses
LeLEgEme. Wa, heEm gilg'alitsa ^uE^memotasa Elgtinwa^yasa
GwetElaxa gwE^yo Kwexamota. Wa, laEm^lae Laxmna^ye 20
G'exk'Enisases ^nE^memota Elgunwa^ye. Wa, laEm^awise
waLadEX'^IdEs qlak"§,s DzEnx'qlay^xa LegadEs DzEnx'qIayugwa
qaxs nEnxwag'alae g"okwas Llaqwalale l6^ g'okwas DzEnx'qIayo
lax Tayagole. Wa, g'U^Em^lawise DzEnx'qIayogwa qIaLElaxs 1e-
^mae bEwex^wida, lae hex'^idaEm laEl ma^wa lax g'okwas Llaqwalal. 25
Wa, la^me klutExsda. Wii, la^lae mayul^ide DzEnx'qIayugwasa
tsIatslEdagEme. Wa, hcEm^laxaawise Llaqwalal sEnx'^id qa Le-
gEmsa tsIatslEdagEme. Wa, la^lae g'lg'aex^edqexs eaxEllLaxa ftla-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 21
1106 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. an.v. 3S
to him that she would work dressing skins in his house, and there-|
30 fore he named lierAlag'imil; and it was notlong before|| DzEnx'qla-
yugwa was again with child, and she gave birth to a boy. And|
then G'exk'Enis thought up a name for the boy, and he invented|
the name Ek' !awig'i4ak" for him. Then the two children of| |
35 G'exk'Enis and of his illegitimate wife || Dzedx' q layugwa grew up.
Wlien Alagimil was grown up, Ts!ag'i4ak" was looking for a wife|
for his son Ma^nakula of the L&xsa of the Qlomoyi^ye. None of[
the chiefs who had daughters wanted Ma^aakiila, for it was known|
that his father Ts!ag"i4ak" was the youngest of the children of
I
40 Chief HaxiiyosEme^, who was the head chief of the numaymII
Haayalik'awe^ and also that Tslag'i^lak" had contracted an ille-
|
gitimate marriage with the slave Alak'ilayugwa: therefore they|
were unwilhng. Then Ts!ag'i4ak" learned that G'exk'Enis had a|
daughter who was just grown up, namely, Alag'imil. Then
|
45 Ma^nakiila tried to get Alag'imil for his wife, and G'exk'Enis||
asked Ma^nakQla to marry her at once. Now MS,«^nakiila did so,
| |
and Ma^nakiila at once was married. Now he had Alag'imil for|
his wife. This was the first time that those descended from|
50 Tslag'i^lak" bought a wife. They had not been ll married for a long
time, when Alag'imil was with child. Then she gave birth to a
girl. And the father of the girl Ma^nakula thought of the name| of
I
g'tme lax g'Skwas. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas Lex^edss Alag-imlle laq.
30 Wa, k'les^lat'.a galaxs lae et!ed bEwex^wida, yix DzEnx-q layugwa.
Wa, la^lae mayuHdxat! yisa babagume. Wa, laEm^lae he^me G'ex-
k'Enise sEna qa LegEmses babagume xGnSkwa. Wa, la^lae sEna-
nEmax Ek" lawig'i^lakwe qa LegEms. Wa, lasm^lawise qlulsqliil-
yax^wlde ma^lokwe sasEms G'exk'Enise LE^wis klutExsdote
35 DzEnx'q layugwa. Wa, laEm^lae exEnte Alag'lmlle. Wa, laEm-
^lawise yala Tslag'i^lakwe ala qa gEnEmses xQnokwe M^^nakula,
yixa Laxsasa QlomoyS^^ye. Wa, la^lae k'le&s Sx^exsdEsa sasEmno-
kwasa tsledaqe g'Ig'Egamex Mi^nakQla qaxs qlEqlalagalayaaxs
&ma^yEnxa^yae ompase Tsl§,g'i^lakwaxs sasEmas g'lg&mayolae Ha-
40 xQyosEmayola, yix LaxQma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Haayalik'awa^ye.
Wa, he^mesexs kliitExsdae Tslag'i^lakwe LE^wa qlak'owe Alak'i-
layugwa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas k'les nanageg'esE^we. Wa, la^lae
qlale Tslag'i^lakwe yixs xungwadae G'exk'Enise ylsa he^ma ale
exEnte xttnokwase Alag'imile. Wii, g'ax^Em^lae gagEk'le Ma^na-
45 kiila lax Alag'imile. Wa, aEm^lawise G'exk'Enise axk'lalax MS,^na-
kula qa hex'^ida^mese qadzeLa. Wa, heEm^lawise gwex'^ide Ma^na-
kula. Wa, la^me hex'^idaEm qadzeLe, Ma^nakula. Wii, la^me
gEg'adES Alag'imile. Wa, heEm ales ^nEmplEna qadzeLaxes gE-
nEma g'iig'iLEla lax Tslag'i^lakwe. Wa, k" lest la laEm gala h&yasE-
50 k'alaxs lae bEwex^wide Alag'imile. Wa, la^lae mayul^itsa tslatslE-
dagEme. Wa, la^lae ompasa tslatslEdagEme, yix Mfi,^nakiila sEn-
BOAS) FAMILY HISTORIES 1107
his? father Ts!^g"i^lak", who had died. Then he cut in two the name 52|
of Tsiag'ilak", and he named the girl Tsialalih^lak". Now Alag"i-|
mll was a LS,xsa woman, because her husband|| was M&«nakiila, 55
and she turned to the numaym Lfi,xsa.
| |
Here the story-teller said to me that he had forgotten the middle
part of the story which he was teUing me, and he said that he would|
jump a long way to the latter half of the story of the ancestors of|
two numayms L&xsa and H Elgtinwe^. 60|
Now G'exk'Enis remained head chief, and his name was always|
given to the eldest son of G'exk'Enis, whenever the father died.
|
Now there were many people in the numaym of the Elgtinwe^, who|
had for their chief G' exk' Enis, and the || numaym Elgtlnwe^ still 65
keeps together witht he La^lax's^Endayo, for they also had for their|
chief Llaqwalal, and he did the same; for when a Llaqwalal dies,
|
then his eldest son takes the name Llaqwalal; even if the eldest
|
child is a woman, she takes the place of her father. Although she
|
may have many younger brothers, they can not|| even take it away 70
from their eldest sister.
|
|
Now all the seven numayms had gathered at Qalo^is. G'exk'E-
|
nis had many children. The youngest one of his children was a
|
g'aaLElax LegEmases ompde Tslag'i^lakwe, ylxs lE^mae lE^la. Wa, 52
he^mis la malts '.Endzosxa LegEme Ts!S.g'i^lak". Wa, la^me Lex^edEs
Tsiaialili^lakwe laxes ts!ats!EdagEme xtinok". Wa, la^me Laxsaax-
sEme Alag'lmlie qaxs lae la^wadEs Ma^nakula. Wa, laEm gwagwa- 55
aqa lax ^nE^memotasa Laxsa.
Wa, laEm ^nek'eda nosa qaEnLaxs lEnoyox^widaaxes noyEme
qaEn. Wa, la 'nek'Exs gwasg'illLe dEx"sEq !axa nEgoyS,^yasa noyE-
maxs g'llg'alisasa ma^ltsEmak'.use ^nal^nE^mematsa L§,xsa LE^wa
Elgiinwa^ye. 60
LaEm^lae hex^saEm Laxuma'ye G'exk'Enisexa ^Em hayosEla Le-
gEm laxa ^nolastlEgEma^yas sasEm^nakulasa G'exk'Enlsaxs lae 1e-
^les ompe. Wa, laEm^lae qleuEm^El la lelqwalaLa^ya ^nE^memotaaa
Elgunwa^yexa g'IgadEs G'exk'Enise. Wa, laEm^lae q!ap!ex'saEm-
^laeda ^nE^memotasa Elgiinwa^ye LE^wa Laalax's^Endayoxa hex'sa- 65
^maxat! g'lgama^ye Llaqwalal, yixs ^'maaxat! he gweg'ile g'll^mae
lE^le Llaqwalale lae hex'^idaEm Llayo LlaqwalalLe ^nolast lEgEma^yas
sasEmsxa bEgwanEme xiin6x"s, wax'e tslEdaqa^nolastlEgEma^ye, la
heEm Llayostodxes ompde. Wax-^mae qlenEme bebEgwanEm ts!a-
tsla^yas. Wa, la k'leas gwex'^idaas daxLEyaq laxes tslEdaqe ^nola- 70
st'.EgEma^ya.
Wa, laEm^lae ^wi^la la q!ap!ex'^ideda aLEbosgEmak'.iise 'nal^nE-
^memas lax Qalogwise. Wa, laEm'lawise qlenEme sasEmas G'exk'E-
nis. Wa, laEm^lawise Loma ex'sok" bEgwanEme &ma^yEnxa^yas
1108 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIXJTL tETH.ANN.3s
75 handsonae boy, whoseII name was Hawas. And the youngest
|
daughter of Wag'ides, the speaker of the house of Llaqwalal, chief
|
of the numaym La^lax's^Endayo, whose name was l lax'L IsledzEmga,
was also very pretty. Now G'exk'Enis and his children lived
|
together in a house; and Wag'ides and his children lived in the
|
80 house of Llaqwalal. || Then Hawas was in love with Llax'LlEle-
dzEmga, and went to her every night. They never guessed that
|
Hawas was the lover of Llax'LlEledzEmga. When it was seen
| |
that Llax'LlEledzEmga was stout, she was called by her father
Wag'ides, and she was asked by her father: "Why are you
| ||
85 stout and has your face so much changed?" he said to her. Llax'-
|
LlEledzEmga did not try to deceive her father Wag'ides. She told
|
him at once that Hawas lay with her every night and that he was
|
the cause of her pregnancy. (She said) "I do not love any one
|
90 except Hawas:" II therefore what could her father Wag'ides say?
What could he do, when he saw that his youngest daughter was
|
really in love with Hawas? Therefore he only said, "ReaUy show
|
yourself with him, that it may be the same as though Hawas were
|
your husband." Thus he said. Then Hawas and l lax'LlEledzEm-
|
ga hved together as illegitimate husband and wife. Hawas belonged ||
95 to the numaym Elgunwe^ and his illegitimate wife l lax'L lEledzEmga,|
whose father was Wag'ides, belonged to the numaym La&lax'-
|
75 sasEmasxa Legadas Hawasa. Wii, la^laxae Loma ex'sokwe ama-
^yEnxa^ye tslEdaq xunox"s Wag"idese yE^lax yaqlEndelas Llaqwalal,
yix g'ig&ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa Laalax's^Endayo, l lax'L lEledzEm-
gax'Leda tslEdaqe. Wa, la^me qlaplaele G'exk'Enise LE^wis
sasEme lo^ Wag'idese LE^wissasEme lax g'okwas Llaqwalal. Wa,
80 heEm^lawis laats Hawasaxa gagEnoLe qa^s la ku-lll lo^ Llax'LlE-
ledzEmga, hemEnalaxa gagEnoLe. Wa, hewaxaEm^lawise k'otaso^
waLade Hawasas Llax'LlEledzEmga. Wa, al^Em^awise dox^waLEle,
L lax'L lEledzEmgaxs lae pEULa, wa, la^lae Le^lalasoses 5mpe Wa-
g'idese. Wa, la^lae wiiLasE^wa ylses ompe: "^madzes xEnLElag'i-
85 laos la pEULa. Wa, yo-mesoxda goguma^yaq5s yixs laaq5s xEULEla
oguqEm la," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, k' les^lat la wuHEm hayame Llax'LlE-
ledzEmga qaes ompe Wag'idese. LaEm^lae a.Em hex'^ida nelax
hemEnala^mae kulkulk'a Lo^ Hawasaxa gagEnoLe; "Wa, he^mesEn
bEwegwase qaxg'En k'leasek' ogu^la waLEla lax Hawasa," ^nex'^lae;
90 qa ^maselawls waldEmas ompase Wag'idese qa wex'^ides qaxs do-
qtila^maax naqa^yases ama^yEnxegasaxs alak' lalae laxulanux"s Ma-
wasa, lag'ilas S,Em ^nek'Eq: "Alag'aEma neltsEmx'^id LE^we qa^s
^nEmax'is^maSs l6^ la^wadas Hawasa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, laEmxae
klutExsde Hawasa Lo^ Llax'LlEledzEmga. Wa, heEmxae g'ayole
95 Hawasa laxa ^nE^memotasa Elgiinwa^ye. Wa, la kliitExsdotase
Llax'LlEledzEmga g'ayole 5mpase, yix Wag'idesa laxa ^nE'memotasa
'
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1109
s^Endayo. Then L.'ax'LlEledzEmga gave birth to a boy, and the 98|
father of Llax'L.'EledzEmga, Wag' ides, named the son of Hawas|
and Llax'LlEledzEmga LElbEx"salag'ilis. || This was a real name, and 100
was not invented as a name for the boy who was named LElbEx'-
|
salag'ilis. It was not long before Llax'LteledzEmga gave birth to
|
another boy, and Wag' ides gave a name to his grandson. He gave
| |
the name K' !aso^ as the name for the boy. || He gave him improperly 5
a true name; for it is wrong, because Llax'LlEledzEmga was not
|
properly married when she became the wife of Hawas. Now the
|
father of Hawas, G'exk'Enis, died, and at once Hawas took the
|
place of his father. Then his name was G'exk'Enis. Now LElbEX"-
|
salag'ihs grew up. Then || LElbEx'salag'ihs saw a girl belonging to 10
the numaym Hemasxdo, the daughter of a common man whose
I
name was QlomledEnol. His daughter's name was also Llax'-
|
LlEledzEmga^ Then LElbEx'salag'ilis always went with
| her to
I
Tsaxis; for the Kwag'ul tribes had followed the || white men, when 15
they first built houses at Fort Rupert. Now LElbEx'salag'ihs was
|
the lover of Llax'LlEledzEmga. Then Llax'LlEledzEmga went| at
once into the house of her sweetheart LElbEx'salag'ilis, and soon
|
Llax'LlEledzEmga was with child, that is called "to get pregnant
|
outside," when a woman without a husband becomes pregnant.
1|
Laa.lax's^Endayo. Wa, laEm^lae mayuWde LlaxxlEledzEmgasa ba- 97
bagiime. Wa, la ompas Llax'LlEledzEmga, ylx Wag'idesa Lex^edEs
LElbEx'salag'ilis qa LegEmsa babagume xunox"s Ilawasa lo^ Llax'-
LlEledzEmga. Wa, laEm ala LegEma ylxs k'lesae asm sEna^yaxa 100
LegEmasa babagumexa la LegadEs LElbEx'salag'ilis. Wa, k' lest la
galaxs lae etled mayuWde Llax'LlEledzEmgasa babagume. Wa,
IMaxae he^me Wag'idese Lex^ed qa LegEmses tsl6x"LEma. Wa,
la^me Lex^edEs K'lasE^we qa LegEmsa babagume. Wa, laEmxae
wax' alak" lala LegEma. Wa, la lEkwalaxs k' lesae qadzeLasE^we 5
Llax'LlEledzEmgases klutExsdote Hawasa. Wa, la^me lE^le
ompas Hawasa, ylx G'exk'Enise. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise Ha-
wasa Llayostodxes ompde. Wa, la^me LegadEs G'exk'Enise'
Wa, la^me qlulyax^wide LElbEx'salag'ilise. Wa, lasm^lawise
doqule LElbEx'salag'ilisxa tslEdaqe xunox"sa g'ayole laxa ^nE- 10
^memotasa Hemaxsdo, ylxa bEgwansmqlalame LegadEs Qlom-
ledEnol. Wa, la^lae Llax'LlEledzEmgax'LaEm laxae tslEdaqe
xunox"s. Wa, laEm^lae LElbEx'salag'ilis hemEnalaEm la qleqlEyot
LE^we lax Tsaxise, qaxs g'ax^mae ^wi^a masgEmexa Kwakug'ulaxa
mamalaxs g'alae g'ax g'oxwales lax Tsaxise. Wa, laEm^lae LElbEx- 15
salag'llise waLadEs Llax'LlEledzEmga. LaEm^lawise a^me Llax'LlE-
ledzEmga aEm hex'^ida la laeL lax g'okwases waLEle LElbEx'sala-
g'ilis qaxs hex'^ida^mae bEwex^wide Llax'LlEledzEmga. Wa, heEm
LegadES boxfllsxa wiil^me bEwEx^widExs k' leasae la^wunEma. Wa,
1110 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. 36
20 All the men and all the women made fun of her, because she got
pregnant outside: therefore it occurred to Llax'LlEledzEmga that
|
she would go into the house of her lover LElbEx'salag'ilis, and to
|
live with him as his illegitimate wife. Now this was a new disgrace
to the numaym Elgunwe^; for all kinds of disgrace happen to them.
I
25 Then Llax'LlEledzEmga gave birth to a boy; and|| immediately
|
the father-in-law of LElbEx'salag'ihs, QlomledEnol said that he
|
would give a name to his grandson, and he named his grandson
WawungEnoh And it was not long before Llax'LlEledzEmga gave
| |
30 birth to another boy, and he did not live long I| before (the boy)
died. Then Llax'LlEledzEmga gave birth to another boy, and| his
grandfather Ql5mledEn6l gave him the name Hayalk'in. Then|
the name of the boy was Hayalk'in. Hayalk'in was| the youngest
after his two elder brothers. When Hayalk'in grew up, his elder|
35 brother H WawungEnol paddled, hunting at the lower end of Ls^lad;
and there his canoe upset, and WawtingEnol died by the upsetting
I
of his canoe. NowHayalk'in was theonly sonof Llax'LlEledzEmga
| |
and LElbEx'salag'ilis. Now he grew up to be a young man,| and
40 he always went to the house of Doqw&yis;II for Llax'LlEledzEmga,
the mother of Hayalk'in, said that she was a near relative of| the
past chief Doqwayis; and therefore Hayalk'in always went| there.
20 la aEmlalayowa boxulsasa ^naxwa bebEgwanEma LE^wa ^naxwa
ts'.edaqa. Wa, he^mis g'Ig'aeges Llax'LlEledzEmga lag'ilas he
eg'ase aEm la laeL lax g'okwases waLEle LElbEX'salag-tlise- qa^s kla.-
g'a^me kliitlExsd LE^we. Wa, laEmxae aleg-e q Isma^yasa ^nE^me-
motasa Elgunwa^yexa ^naxwa^me qlsma^yes gwayi^lalase. Wa, la
25 mayuHde Llax'LlEledzEmgasa babagtime. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
wunala nEgilmps LElbEX'salag'ilise, yix QlomledEnole ^nex" qa^s
he^me Leqela qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa, la Lex^edEs Wawun-
gEnole qa LegEmses ts!ox"LEma. Wa, k' lest la galaxs lae etied
rnayuHde Llax'LlEledzEmgasa babagume. Wa, k' lest la gael qlii-
30 laxs lae lE^leda babagiimx'de. Wa, laxae etIed mayuHde Llax'LlEle-
dzEmgasa babagiime. Wa, la gagEmpase QlomledEnole Lex^edEs
Hayaik'ine laq. Wa, la^me LegadEs Hayalkinexa babagQme.
Wa, la^me ama^yEnxa^ye Hayalk'inases ma^lokwe ^no^UEla. Wa,
gil^mese q Iwaq lulyax^widale Hayalk'lnaxs lae sex^wide ^nolas, yix
35 WawEngEnSle qa^s la hanaLla lax gwalaas LE^lade. Wii, he^mis la
qEbats lianaLlaatslas xwakluna. Wa, la^me qabalisEme WawEngE-
nolde laxeq. Wa, la^me la -nEmox"^Em la bEgwauEm xunox"s
Llax'LlEledzEmga Lo^ LElbEx'salag'Uise Hayaik'ine. Wa, la^mese
q lulyax^wida, laEm hel^a bEgwanEma. Wa, la^me hemEnala la lax
40 g'okwas Doqwayis qaxs ^nek'ae Llax'LlEledzEmga, yix abEmpas
Hayalk'inaxs mag'ilae LeLEL^la laxa g'Igamayolae Doqwayiswtila.
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas hemEnala^me Hayaik'ine la liiq. Wa, laEm
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOKIES 1111
Now, the princess of Doqwayis was grown up, and D6qw3,3ds was 43
I
the chief of the numaym DzEndzEnx'qIayo; and they
| never
thought II that Hayalk'in was the lover of ^maxiilayugwa. Then 45|
Chief Doqwayis became sick, and he had not been lying down more
than four days when he died. Then Hayalk'in never left his
|
I
sweetheart ^maxQlayugwa. Now, DoqwS,yis left his copper
|
Lobelila, a high-priced copper. And when || ^maxulayugwa had been 50
an orphan for almost two months, aU the men and all the women
| of
Fort Rupert began to talk about them secretly. Now it was known
|
Hayalk'in was going to marry ^maxulayugwa; but Hayalk'in was
|
of too low rank to marry the princess of Chief DSqw^yis. Then
|
they discovered that the princess ^maxulayugwa herself || wished 55
it: therefore they thought that she was with child, and that there-
fore she had made up her mind to marry Hayalk'in. When the
I |
chief, the father of DSqwSyis died, ^maxulayugwa gave away
|
property at once to the Kwag'ul; and then she took the name
Doqwayis. This was her chief's name, and her princess
| name was
'maxfllayugwa. Now she had || always two names, and she was a 60
chief on the right-hand side, and she owned a princess on her left-
|
hand side; for she was the only daughter of Doqwayis
| and his
wife, whose name was ^na^nEmplEng'ilayugwa, the princess
| of the
chief of the numaym Ts !etseiwalaga.me^| of the ^UEmges. Then
exEnt!ede k'ledelas D5qw8.yise, ylxs g"Ig3,ma^yae Doqwayisasa 43
^nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'q'.ayo. Wa, la^me hewaxa gayol k"6t!e-
tsE^we Hayalk"ine waLadEs ^maxulayugwa. Wa, la^mes tslEx'qiE- 45
x"^Ideda g'ig&mayolae DoqwSyiswiila. Wa, k'!est!a hSyaqax
moxsa ^nalas qElgwIla lae wik" lEx^Ida. Wa, la^me Hayalk'ine
hewaxa bases waLale ^maxiilayugwa. Wa, la^me L'.aqwaelale
Doqwayisdax Lobelilaxa qlEyoxwe L!aqwa. Wa, laEm Elaq mal-
tsEmg'ila la xamale ^maxulayugwa laase wiinwunosa q!eq!Eyodeda 50
'naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wa ^naxwa ts'.edaq laxg'a Tsaxis. Wa,
la^me q!ale Hayalk'lnaxs lE^mae gEg'adolts ^maxGlayugwa. Wa,
la^me k'lodEme Hayalk'lne la gEg'adEs k'ledelasa g'Igamex'de, ylx
Doqwayisde. Wa, la qiastasoxs hasmaaxa k" !edele ^maxulayugwa
n§,qa^ya. Wa, he^mes lag'ilas k'otaso laEm boxQlsa, yix lag'ilas 55
XEnLEla tslasala qa^s la^wades Hayalk'lne. Wa, he^maaxs lae
lE^leda g'lgSmex'de ompse Doqwayisde, la hex'^idaEm plEse ^maxti-
layugwaxa Kwag'ule. Wa, la^me LegadEs DoqwSyis. Wa, la^me
g'igEXLalaq. Wa, la k" ledelEXLalax ^maxtilayugwa. Wa, la^me
hemEnalaEm ma^ltsEme LeLEgEmas. Wa, la^me g'lgama^ye yix 60
helk"!ot!ana^yas. Wa, la k'ledadEses gEmxot'.ana^ye, yixs^UEmox"-
^mae xiin6x"s Doqwayisde LE^wes gEnEmolexa Legadas ^na^nEm-
p'.Eng'ilayugwa, ylx k" ledelwulasa g'lgamayolasa ^nE^memotasa
Ts!ets!elwalagama-yasa ^nEmges. Wa, la^me Hayalk'lne qadzeLax
1112 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. SB
65 Hayalk'in married || DoqwSyis, and it was not long before ^maxti-
layugwa gave birth to a boy. Now, ^maxfilayugwa herself caused
|
her name to be disgraced and to become a bad name, because she
|
had a common man for a husband, for Hayaik'in liad no chiefs
|
among ids ancestors. Now ^maxulayug\va was called a fool on|
70 account of what she had done; and so || all her children wiU be bad on
their father's side, and they will be in vain good on their mother's
|
side. Now Doqw^yis gave away to Hayalk'in the copper LSbellla
|
left behind by the chief, her father. Then she gave in marriage the
|
name Wanuk" for the name of Hayalk'in. Now Hayalk'in had
|
75 obtained a chief's name, and || he was no longer called Hayalk'in,
because he obtained by good luck the real name Wanuk". And
|
now he had the name Wanuk"; for now he invited all the tribes
|
with the price of the copper Lobellla. Now, it was just as though|
Wanuk" had taken away the copper from the father of his wife, for
|
the deceased Doqwayis was going to sell his copper in order to
80 invite || aU the tribes: therefore aJl the men were sick at heart on|
account of what Wanuk" and his illegitimate wife ^maxiilayugwa
|
had done, she whose name was now Doqwayis.
|
There was one woman whose name was Q Iwalax' alayugwa, who
was alwaj's going to Victoria, for she was a prostitute. When she
|
85 came home to || Fort Rupert, she brought many blankets, and she
|
65 Doqwayise. Wa, alakMalatla k*!es galaxs lae mayuLe ^maxulayu-
gwasa babagume. Wa, laEm qliilex'seme ^maxulayugwa qiamag'ila
qa^s Legadesa ^yax'sEme LegEme qaxs lae la^wadasa bEgwanEmqla-
lEmexa k' lease g'lqag'iwa^ye wiwompwulas HayaJk'lne. Wa, la^me
LeqElasE^we ^maxulayugwiis nEnolo qaes gwex'^idaase. Wa, he^me-
70 sexs laLe ^naxwaEml lal ^yax'k!ot!EnalaLe sasEmasexes ask" !6te. Wa,
la ex'k" lot'.Enalal wax'Laxes abask' !6te. Wa, la^me sap'.ede D5qw&-
yisasa Llaqwaelawa^yases g'lgSmaySla omp, yix Lobelila lax Hayal-
k'ine. Wa, la LegEmg'EXLalax Wanuk" qa LegEms Hayalk'lne.
Wa, la^me laLe Hayalk'inaxa g'ig3,medzEse LegEma. Wa, la^me
75 gwal LegadEs Hayalk'ine, qaxs lE^mae Logwalaxa alak'lala LegEme
Wanukwa. Wa, laEm LegadEs Wanuk", yixs lae Lelalaxa ^naxwa
lelqwalaLa'ya yls k'ilomax Lobelllaxa Llaqwa. Wa, la^me ^nsma-
x'lse Wanukwe lo^ lenEmanEmaxa L!aqwa lax ompdases gEUEme
qaxs wax'ilaxsde laxode Doqwayisdaxes Llaqwa qa^s LelElay^xa
80 ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya. Wa, he^mis lagilas alak'Iala tslEx'Ile nena-
qa^yasa ^naxwa bebEgwanEm qa gwex'^idaasas Wanukwe LE^wis
k'.titlExsdote ^maxulayugw'a, yixa la LegadEs Doqwayise.
Wa, la ^ni-mokwa tslEdaqe LegadEs Qlwalax'alayugwaxa hemE-
nala la laxa Tslamase qaxs Llasgasae. Wa, g'axe na^nakwa lax
85 Tsaxise. Wa, la^me malaxa q!enEme p!ElxElasgEma. Wa, la he
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1113
carried them into the house of Wanuk", but Q Iwalax' alayugwa 86
was no relative of Wanuk", (but) she had no relatives living.
I |
Therefore she went into the house of Wanuk". Then Maled intended|
to seU his copper named Wax"se^stala, || and Q Iwalax' alayugwa 90
bought it with seven hundred and sixty blankets (which she paid)|
for the copper Wix^se^stala. Before long Q Iwalax" alayugwa be-|
came sick, and she also died, and Wanuk" obtained by luck the|
copper Wax"se^stala. Now Wanuk" sold W^x^se^stala, and it was|
bought for five thousand one hundred and twenty blankets; and 95II |
Wanuk" again invited aU the tribes; and he took the name of the
|
father of Q Iwalax" alayugwa, whose name was Wag" ides. Now|
they stopped caUing Wanuk", Wanuk", for he had the name|
Wag" ides. Now || his child had the name Hamadzalas, and now 200
Wag" ides was called chief because he had invited twice the tribes.
| |
Then the heart of Wag" ides was proud because he was spoken to as a
chief by all the chiefs of all the tribes. And in the feast his seat
| |
was among the real chiefs. ||
Now, you. Chief Dr. Boas, you must have been surprised when I 5
went to Chicago with Johnny Wanuk" and his wife Doqwayis' —
|
I
that is ^maxulayugwa— when I called ^maxulayugwa a queen, but
|
Johnny Wanuk" was just like a slave of his wife ^maxulayugwa.
|
mawiLe g'okwas Wanukwe, yixs kMesae Q'.walax'alayugwa lcle- 86
Lala lax Wanukwe, yixs k'le^sae la qlulas LeLELalax'das Qlwalax'a-
layugwa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas he laeLe g'okwas Wanukwe. Wa,
la laxoyuwa Llaqwaxa LegadEs Wax"se^stala, yis Malede. Wa, la
k'Ux^wide Q Iwalax' alayugwasa mama^igunalplEnyag'alasa qlELlax'- 90
sokwe plElxElasgEm laxa Llaqwa lax Wax"se^stala. Wa, k'lestla
galaxs lae tslEx'qlEx'^ide Qlwalax'alayugwa. Wa, laEmxae wlk'lE-
x^Ida. Wa, laEmxae Wanukwe Logwalax Wax"se^stalaxa Llaqwa.
Wa, la^me Wanukwe laxodEx Wax"se^stala. Wa, la^me Ifilxwa
sE^wa yisa qIaqlaLlEplEnyag'analasa ma^ltsokwe p lElxElasgEma. 95
Wa, laEmxae Wanukwe LelElaxa ^naxwa lelqw&laLa^ya. Wa, la^me
Wanukwe ax^edEx LegEmas ompwulas Qlwalax'alayugwax'de, ylxa
LegadEs Wag'ides. Wa, la^me gwal Legade Wanukwas Wanukwe.
Wa, la^me LegadEs Wag'idese. Wa, la^me Legade babagume xu-
n6x"s yis Hamadzalas. Wa, la^me LeqalasE^we Wag'idesas g'igE- 200
ma^ye qaxs lae malplEna Lelalaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya. Wa,
la^me LEmqa naqa^yas Wag'idese qaxs lae g'agegElaqwalasSsa
^naxwa g'lg'Egamesa ^naxwa lelqwSlaLa^ya. Wa, la^me kiwagelibca
§,la^me g'lg'Egamexs kiweiae.
Wa, yuL, g'igiime^ Dr. Boas, yixs qIayaxag'anEmaaqos lax 5
Chiagoxg'En la lo^ Johnny Wanuk" LE^wis gEUEme Doqwayis,
yix ^maxulayugwaxg'in lak" Leqalas Queen lax ^maxulayugwa. Wa,
a^mese ^nEmax'ise Johnny Wanukwe l6^ qiak'oses gEUEme 'maxtila-
1 They were among the Kwakiutl who visited the World's Fair in 1893.
1114 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. sis
And this is what I now talk about, the ancestors of the married
10 couple Wanuk" whose name was Wag' ides, which name he obtainedII
from Qlwalax'alayugwa, and his illegitimate wife ^maxtilayugwa.
I |
I only wish you to know that Wag' ides probably thought that you
considered him a real chief. This is called by the Indians " a-newly-
|
made-chief," hke Wag' ides in the numaym Elgiinwe^
| ||
15 When we came back to Fort Rupert Wag' ides went into his house,
|
and he said at once that he would buy oil with the money that he
|
had obtained, paid by you, Dr. F. Boas. Then he gave a grease
|
feast to all the tribes, and now his wife ^maxiilayugwa gave him the
|
20 marriage name KwakTjx'Mas for the feast name of her || husband
Wag' ides. Now, ^maxulag'flis, the chief next to Llaqwalal, chief
|
of the numaym Laalax's^Endayo, became sick. Now, he had the
I
copper Lobellla. Wag' ides always took care of him; and when he
|
25 became very sick, Wag'ides took the chief ^maxulag'lhs
| II into his
house. At once ^maxiilag'iUs said to Wag'ides, "You make me
|
glad, because you take pity on me, because you come and do good
|
to me. If I should die quickly, only take this my copper Lobellla,|
and seU it, and invite again all the tribes." Thus he said to him in
|
30 the morning. || And when night came 'maxulag'ilis died. Wag'ides|
also obtained by good luck the copper Lobellla. Now, Wag'ides
|
yugwa. Wa, g'a^mesEn la gwagwex"s'alase g"alEmg"alisasa hayasE-
10 k'fi,le Wanukwe, yixa la LegadEs Wag'idesxes helanEme LegEm lax
Q!walax"alayugw6le, LE^wis klutExsdote ^maxiilayugwa. Wa,
a^mEn ^nex" qa^sqlalaosax Wag'idese yixs ^neg'anEmaak"osaq alaEm
g'lgSma^ya. Wa, heEm gwE^yosa baklume ala^lek" g'igS,ma^ya
ytx Wag"idese laxes ^nE^memota ElgGnwa^ye.
15 Wa, g'axEnu^x" na^nak" lax Tsaxisak'. Wa, la laeL laxes g'okwe
Wag'idese. Wa laxae hex"^idaEm ^nex' qa^s k"ilxwexa Lle^na yises
gwanEme dalaxes h3,lagEm6s Dr. F. Boasaq. Wa, la^me Lle^nag'ila
tlwe^lasxa ^naxwa lelqw^laLa^ye. Wa, la^me gEuEmase ^maxu-
layugwa LegEmg'ElxLalax Kwaktix'alas qa k'.weladzExLayoses
20 la^wunEme Wag'idese. Wa, la^mese ts'.EX'qlEX'^ide ^maxulag'ilisxa
g'lgama^ye mak'ilaxa g-igfima^ye Llaqwalalexa glgSma^yasa ^nE-
^mSmotasa Laalax's^Endayo. Wa, laEm LlagwadEs Lobellla. Wa,
la^me Wag'idese hemsnala la aaxelaq. Wa, g'il^mese la alax'^Id
ts!EX"q!axs lae Wag'idese ax^edxa g'lg&ma^ye ^maxillag'ilise qa^s las
25 laxes g'okwe. Wa, a^mise hex'^ida^me ^maxulag'ilise ^nek'ax Wa-
g'idese: "LaEms ek'amasg'En naqek' qaes laenayos wasEn qa^s
g'axaos aek'Ua g'axEn. Wa, he^maak'EnLo ylx'Elalax wik'lEx^edE-
lax las aEm ax^edxox LobelilaxEn L'.aqwax qa^s laxodaosasox qa^s
etiedaos LelElaxwa ^naxwax lelqwalaLa^ya," ^nex'^laeqxa gaala.
30 Wa, g'U^mese ganul^idExs lae wIk'!Ex'ede ^maxOlag'ilisde. Wa,
laEmxae Logwale Wag'idesaxa Llaqwa lax Lobellla. Wa, laEmxae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1115
sold that also. Then he invited all the tribes. Now Wag'ides was 33|
really proud, and said that he was not afraid of any one, even notof
|
the true chiefs of all the tribes. 35I|
|
Then Wag'ides sat among all the chiefs of the tribes, when they|
were all invited by the Lawets.'es. This is called the chief's feast.|
Wag'ides boasted, saying that he was not afraid of any one; and|
therefore the chief of the Mamaleleq&la, II whose name was ^walas 40
Kwax'ilanokume^, became angry. Then the chief, ^walas Kwax'i-|
lanokOme^, became angry. Then the chief, ^walas Kwax'ilan-|
okume^, said that he would put him back into the place of the|
slaves his forefathers. Thus he said. Then he took the expensive|
copper named QlEmtsIaxsde and broke it, and he asked one man|
to throw the copper into the sea outside the village Qalogwis; and 45II
after he had finished, TIeqwap arose and sent a man to get his|
|
copper Tslages; and when that man came carrying Tslages, he|
gave it to TJeqwap. Then he spoke, and said to his uncle, ^walas|
Kwax'ilanokume^, "Now, || chief, you told us to do this to him who 50
claims that he is not afraid of any one, this new man Wag'ides—that|
little slave who comes from his slave ancestors: Now I'll try him who|
claims to be a true chief." Thus he said, and broke the copper
|
Tslages. He said, "Chief Wag'ides, now you' wiU be a bullhead|
Wag"id«se laxodEq. Wa, laEmxae Lelalas laxa ^naxwa lelqwSla- 32
La^ya. Wa, la^me Max'dEla LEmqe n^qa^yas Wag'idese. LaEm
^nek'Exs k'leasae la k"ilEms laxa wax'^me 41ak"!ala la g'T^amasa
^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya. 35
Wa, la^mese Wag'idese kiwagelllxa ^naxwa g'ig'Egamesa lelqwa-
laLa^ye, yixs lae ^wFla Lela^lax"sa Lawets'.ese. Wa, hcEm LegadEs
g-igelkwa klwele. Wa. la Wag'idese qiayodalag'llil ^nek'Exs k' !ea-
sae k'ilEma. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas ^yak'ilile g'lgama^yasa Mamalele-
qS,laxa LegadEs ^walas Kwa'xilanokGme. Wa, la^me ^nek'eda g'l- 40
gama^ye ^walas Kwaxilanokume qa^s aedaaqes "lax gwex'sdEmases
q!aq!akwag'iwa^ya5s yixes g-alEmg-alisaos," ^nex'^laexs lae dax'^Id-
xa qiayoxwe L'.aqwaxa LegadEs Q!Emts!axsde. Wa, la^me k"o-
qwaq. Wa, la a,xk- '.alaxa ^nsmokwe bEgwanEm qa les tslExstEn-
daxa L'.aqwa laxa L'.asakwasa g'okiila lax Qalogwise. Wa, g'il^mese 45
gwala lae Lax^iilile TIeqwape qa^s ^yalaqesa ^UEmokwe bEgwanEm
qa las ax^edEX Llaqwas yix Tslagese. Wa, g'iPmese g'axeda bEgwa-
nEm dalax Tslagese la tslks lax TIeqwape. Wa, la yaq!Eg-a%.
Wa, la ^nek'a laxes qWleye ^walas Kwax'ilanokiime: "Laq!amaaq5s
^nek'a, g'lgSme^, qEns he gwex'^idExg'a ^nek"Eq k' !e^s kilEm laxg"a- 50
da alak' bEgwanEma, yixwa q!aq!agumex g'ag'ELEla laxes wiwomp-
wulasox Wag'idesex. Wa, la^mesEn gflnx'^idolxwa ^nek-ex laEm
aiaEm g'lgama^ya," ^nek'Exs lae k'ox^widEx Tslagese. Wa, la
^nek"a: "Wa, g-igSmayai', Wag'idesai', laEms lal kMomasox Qalo-
1116 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 8»
55 of Qalogwis." Thus he said, and gave the rib of|| the copper to a
|
man, and told him to throw it into the sea outside of the village.|
Thus he said to him. Then K !wamaxalas, chief of the Haxwamis,|
arose, and he sent a man to get the copper named KwexanEm.|
60 Now he broke || it on account of Wag' ides, and he gave him the rib.
This was given to Wag' ides. Then Wag' ides became a slave again
| |
after this. He could not get three large coppers to break to meet
|
the other three; and he thought it best not to go with his tribe
|
65 when they were invited by the tribes, || because he was really ashamed.
Now ^maxulayugwa never became a true chieftainness.
|
The copper Lobelila that was broken on account of Wag' ides, is
worth twelve thousand blankets; and the copper Tslages, broken
|
I
by Tleqwap on account of W^ag'ides, is worth nine thousand|
70 blankets; and || the great copper KwexanEm, broken by K!wama-
xalas on account of Wag' ides, is worth eighteen thousand blan-|
kets. Now, Wag' ides could not get thirty-nine thousand blankets
|
I
to buy three coppers to meet those broken; and all the Kwag'ul|
75 were ashamed on account of what they had done. That is the endll
of this.
I
I forgot this: that the eldest of the children of Wag'ides and his
|
wife ^maxulayugwa died. She took the one next to (the eldest),
|
and DoqwSyis put him into the numaym DzEndzEnx' q laj-o, and|
55 gwisex," 'nek'Exs lae ts'.asagalasa^yases Llaqwax'de laxa ^nEmokwe
bEgwanEma. Wa, la ^nek'Eq: "Hag'a tslExstEntsoq" laxa L!asa-
kwakwasa g'ox"dEmsex," ^nek"Eq. Wa, la^me Lax^ulile-Klwamaxa-
lasxa g'lgama^yasa Haxwamise. Wa, la ^yalaqasa bEgwanEm qa las
ax^edEx Llaqwasexa LegadEs KwexanEme. Wa, laEmxae k'ox^wi-
60 dEq qa Wag'idese. Wa la yax^witsa galasa^ye laq. Wa, la^me
tslEwe lax Wag'idese. Wa, la^me et!ed la q!alq!ax"se^sta Wag'i-
dese laxeq. Wa, laEm k' le^s gwE^yoLatsex yudiix"sEma SwS, L!a-
Llaqwa qa^s k'ak'ogwalayaxa yudux"sEme. Wii, hexEnt!a eg'atsexs
k"!esae la lalasgEmexes g'okulotaxs LelalasE^waasa lelqw&laLa^ye
65 qaxs alae max'ts'.a. Wa, la^me hewaxa modzel^ide ^maxula3'ugwa.
He^mae Lobelilaxa L!aqwala k'oqwaso^ qa Wag'ides ylxs ma^g'E-
yoplEnae loxsEmx'^id plfilxElasgEme laoxwas. Wa, he^mise Ts!a-
gesxa Llaqwa k'oqwasos T!eqwap qa Wag'ides ylxs ^na^namap !Enae
loxsEmx'^id p'.ElxElasgEme laoxwas. Wa, he^mise KwexanEmxa
70 ^walas Llaqwa k'oqwasos Klwamaxalas qa Wag'ides, ylxs ma^lgu-
nalEg'Eyop'.Enae loxsEmx'^id plElxElasgEme laoxwas. Wii, la^me
k' !eas gwE^yoLase Wag'idesax mam5sgEmg'ustalasa ^na^namap!Ena
loxsEmx'^id p'.ELxElasgEm qa^s k'ilomx yudux"sEma LlaLlaqwa qa's
k'ak'ogwalaya. Wa, la ^naxwaEm max'tsleda Kwag'ulas gwex'^i-
75 daasaq. Wa, laEm laba laxeq.
HexoLEn LlElewesE^wa ylxs lae lE^le ^nolast'.EgEma^yas sasEmas
Wag'idese LE^wis gEnEme ^maxulayugwa. Wa, la ftx^edxa mak'Ilaq
qa las Lax"stodEx Doqwayise laxa ^nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1117
his name was D6qwS,yis. And ^maxiilayugwa
|| put his younger SO
brother in the numaym Ts lets lelwalag&me^ of the Nimkish, as
|
chief Qliimx'alag'ilis; for he was the father of
| ^na^nEmp Isng' i-
layugwa, the mother of ^ma,xula3njgwa. Now the name of the son
|
of Wag ides was Qlumx'alag'ilis among the Nimkish. Now ^rnaxu-
|
layugwa herself thought httle of her husband.
|
Story of the lelegede, QIomk' !ut!es, KwAG'ui
This is the tale of the reason why the double-headed serpent is on 1
the outer front of the house of Lalepialas at QlEg'es, for that is
I
where the ancestors of the numaym LCLEged live, who have as
I
their chief Lalep !alas. The young men were talking
| about a salmon
of bright color |! which the}- were trying to spear in the river of 5
Q !Eg" es, for their house was on the bank of the river. They could| not
hit it when they were trying to spear it, for there were many steel-
|
head salmon there, and one of them had a very bright color. Then
|
Chief Lalep !alas said that he would try to spear it, for he was a
|
good spearsman, because he was a seal-hunter. They || went and 10
followed him to the river. Many young men followed their
| chief
Lalepialas. When they got to what was referred
| to by the young
qiayowe. Wa, la^me LegadEs Doqwayise. Wa, laxae ^maxGlayu-
gwa ax^edEx ts!a^yas qa^s las lax ^nE^memotasa Ts !ets lelwalagJlma- §0
^yasa ^nEmgesexa g-Jgamayolae Qlumx'alagilis ylxs he^mae omps
^na^nEmplEng'ilayugwa ylx abEmpas ^maxfllayugwa. Wa, he^mis
la LegEms xunokwas Wag'idese Qlumx'alag'ilise laxa ^nEmgese.
Wa, lEm qlulex's^me ^maxula3rugwa kMotaxes la^wunEme.'
Story of the lelegede, Q!6mk'!ut!es, Kwag'ul
Wa, g-a^mes nuyamsa g'axelas axewa^ya sIsEyuLe lax tsaqEma- i
^yas Llasana^yasa g'okwas Lalepialas lax QlEg'es, ylxs haaEl g-okiile
g-alasa ^nE^memotasa LeLEgedexa g-igadas Laleplalase. Wa, laEm-
'lawiseda hS,^yal-'a gwagwex's^ala laxes wax'a sEk"as6^ ex'stoklun
kMotEla laxa ^was QlEg-ese qaxs he^mae g'okwiigesE^wa ^wa, yixs 5
k-lesae qiapaqexs wax'ae sEk-aq, ytxs qlenEmaeda kMotElaxa
g'Exwa. Wa, la^lae Loma ex'stokliina ^uEme. Wa, laEm^lawisa
g-Igama^ye Laleplalase ^nek' qa^s le gunx-^id SEX'^IdEq qaxs alakMa-
lae SEk- lenoxwa qaxs Sle^winoxwaaxa megwate. Wa, lax-da^x"^lae
qas^ida ^nagamalaxa ^wa. Wa, laEm^lae lag-a^yeda qlenEme ha^ya- iq
l^axes g-IgSma^ye Laleplalase. Wa, g-ipEm^lawise lag'aa lax gwE-
*yasa h&^yal^a mag'iltalatsa ex'stok'.iina kMotEla lae axk' lalasE^we
1 Continued on p. 778, lino 1.
1118 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. ss
13 men as the bright salmon swimming about, Lalep !alas was| asked
to stand downstream from the place where the bright salmon wag|
15 swimming about. He had not been standing there long when ||
Lalep !alas saw a very bright salmon. Immediately he threw his|
spear and hit it. He took it and went home to his house. Before
|
he got to his house he felt like giddy, and he just hid the salmon
\
|
20 and went to his house, and before long he was very sick. || When he
arrived in front of his house, he just sat down; and there it was
|
seen by his wife, ^na^nEmp lEng'Uayugwa, that her husband was very
|
sick. Therefore she built a small hut over him. And when they
|
finished the house for the sick man, the ancestors of the numaym|
25 LCLEged went to see their chief Lalep !alas. || Their chief was hardly
aUve. Then Lalep !alas heard a canoe coming to the beach in
|
front of the sick man's hut, and he heard a man say, "Go to him
|
and let our friend come." Thus said what was heard by the sick
]
Lalep !alas. Then the one who was sent said, "I can not go toj
30 our friend for || many are watching him." Thus he said. Then the
man who had spoken just said, "Just come aboard the canoe.
|
Let me go and pull him out." Thus he said. Then the man
|
stepped out of the canoe, and went into the sick man's hut where
|
Lalep !alas was lying down . Then he took the soul of Lalep !alas,
|
13 Lalep !alas qa^s ha La^wisa gwabalisasa mag'lltalasasa ex'stok!une
k'!6tEla. Wa, wilaxdze^lae gala laxes La^widzase laaEl dox^waLEle
15 Lalep lalasaxa &la la ex"stok!fln k'lotEla. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
SEX'^IdEq. Wa, la^me q'.apaq. Wa, la^lae S,x^edEq qa^s le na^nak"
laxes g"okwa. Wa, k" !es^Em-lawise lag'aa laxes g"okwaxs laaEl he
gwex's k' lEdElxa^nakQle. Wa, ^Em^lawise la q'.ElalEsaxa k"!6tEla
qa^s la hayalEmk* !a laxes g'okwaxs k' les^mae alax'^Id ts '.EX'q lEX'^ida.
20 Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lag'aa lax l lasana^yases g'okwe laaEl aEm k!wa-
g'aElsa. Wa, laEm^lae dogultses gEUEme ^na^nEmplEng'ilayugwa,
ylx3 alae ts'.EX'q'.es la^wiinEme. Wa, lag'ilas aEm hex'^idaEm
hosgEmElsaq. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwala hose laa^lasa g'alasa ^nE-
^memotasa LCLEgede la awElpaxes g'igS.ma^ye Lalep !alase. Wa,
25 laEm^lae halsElaEm la sak' lEgElseda g"igama-ye. Wa, la^lae wule-
laxa g'axalis xwaklilna laxa L!Ema^isas hodzasas. Wa, lae wiIle-
laxa bEgwanEma ^nek'a: "Hag'a laqo qa g"axIag'IsEns ^nEmo-
kwax," ^nex'^lae wuLElas Lalep lalasexa ts!EX"q!a. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a
wax'e ^yalagEma: "^ya, k'leadzEn gwayoLasg'Ens ^uEmokiik" qaxs
30 qleuEmeg'a q'.Esemsg'aqEk"," ^nex'^lae. Wa, aEm'lawisa gilx'de
yaqlEnt'.alabEgwanEm ^nek'a: '' Wa, gelag'a, aEm g-ax^alExs qEn la
nexawElsaqo," ^nex'^lae. Wa, g^ax^lae l&ltS.weda bEganEme qa^s la
laeL laxa hose qElk'.wadzasas Lalep !alase. Wa, la^me SxodEx bExu-
na^yas Lalep !alase qa^s la laxsas laxes ya^yatg'.e xwak'.Ona. Wa,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1119
and went aboard his canoe. II Lalep !alas knew that he had gone 35
aboard the canoe. He heard those say in the hut where he had
|
lain, when he was taken by the man, "Oh! He is dead!" Thus
|
they said, and all the women began to wail. They had not been
]
paddhng long when they arrived at many houses. There were
|
really many people. Then 11 they all went ashore out of the canoe, 40
and went into the great house. Then Lalep !alas was asked to sit
|
down near the door of the large house on the right-hand side.
!
|
Then Lalep !alas looked at the great raven which was sitting in the
|
middle of the doorway. Its legs were spread apart, and the doorway
was between the || legs, and a double-headed serpent was on top of 45
the front outside of the house, and a wolf was standing on the head
j
of the man in the middle of the double-headed serpent. Then he
\
remembered this. Lalep !alas just sat down. Then a handsome
|
man spoke and said, "Stand up, spirits, and let us be happy and
\ ||
dance on account of the game of our friend Dadoxkwene^." He 50
|
meant the salmon speared by Lalep !alas, for the bright sahnon was a
double-headed serpent. Then the spirits arose, and immediately
|
|
a man came to where Lalep !alas was sitting and said, "O friend|
Lalep !alas! run away, else you might || stay away. Just look at 55
this house and imitate it." Thus he said. Then Lalep !alas was glad
\
laEm^lae q!§,LEla^me Lalep !alas ylxs lae laxs laxa xwak!flna. Wa, 35
la^lae wiiLalaxa ^nek'a lax hose qElk!wadzats ylxs g"alae Sx^etsE^wa
yisa bEgwanEme : "A , lE^mox wek' 'lEx^ida, ' ^nex"4aexs lae q !waq !usa-
weda ^naxwa ts!edaqa. Wa, k-!es'lat!a gala sexwaxs lae lag'aa laxa
q!enEme g'okulaxa Loma q!enEm lelqw^laLa^ya. Wa, laEm^lawise
^wPla hox^wiilta laxes y<¥yats!e xwak!iina qa^s la hogwiL laxa ^walase 40
g"okwa. Wa, la^me axsEwe Lalep !alase qa^s he^me k!wag"alile
max'stalilasa t!EX"ilasa ^walase g'okwa lax helk' !6tst§,lilas. Wa,
laEm^ae Lalep !alas doqiilaxa ^walase gwa^wLna k!wael lax nExst^-
^yasa t!Ex'Ile. Wa, la^lae gaxala he^me la tlEX'ile awagawa^yas
g'og'ugwa^yis. Wa, he'misa sisEyuLe geg'iwesa tsagEmas LlasanS,- 45
^yasa g'okwe. Wa, la gilaleda aLansme lax x'omsas bak'awa^yasa
sIsEyuLe. Wa, laEm^lae g"Ig"aeqElaq. Wa, heEm^lawis ales k!wa-
g-alile Lalep !alas laa^lase yaq lEg'a^leda ex'sokwe bEgwanEm. Wa,
la^lae ^neka: " Wag'il la q!wag'iliLEx haEyalilagas qEns eek-!eq!ale
yLxwa qaox yanEmaxsEns ^uEmokwae Dadoxkwena^ya," heEm gwE- 50
^yaseda k'!otEla SEg'Ekwas Lalep !ala3 yixs sisEyuLaexa ex'stok iune
k'lotEla. Wa, la^lae q!wag'ilileda haEyalilagase. Wa,hex'^idaEm-
^lawisa ^nEmokwe bEgwanEm g^ax lax klwaelasas Lalep !alas. Wa,
hVlae ^nek-a : "^ya, qast, Lalep !alas. Hag'a k"!exwax aLas g'axlax
XEk'la laq". A^ma doqwalaxoxda g'okwex qa^s nanaxts!EweLo- 55
saq"," ^nex"^lae. Wa, ala^lat!a Lalep ialase molas waldEmas qaxs
1120 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.anx.35
57 on account of what he had said, for the one who had told Lalep !alas
|
to run away said also that this was the gathering-place of the souls
|
of the dead; and when the spirits began to sing, Lalep !alas
| ran out
60 of the door of the house, and ran along the beach.II lie went a
|
long distance, and arrived at a place where eagle-down was thick.
He had not gone far when his breath gave out. Then he died
|
again. Then he heard the words of another tribe where he was
| |
65 staying. He was taken and buried on a tree. ThereII was no coffin.
This was the village of Winalag'ilis. ! Before evening a man came
and sat down at the place where he was. Then the man spoke,
I |
and said, "0, friend Lalep lalas! how is your mind? Don't you
|
70 wish to go home to your country?" Thus he said. Then || Lalep !-
alas replied and said, "Indeed, but I wish in vain, for I
| do not
know in what direction my house is." Thus said Lalep !alas to
the man. Then the man spoke again, and said, "I am Bluejay.
! |
Arise and sit on my back that I may take you to your house."
|
75 Thus said Bluejay to him. || Lalep !alas went at once and sat on his
back; and Bluejay flew inland over a great raoimtain. And when
| |
they had passed over the mountain, they arrived. It was nearly
|
dark in the evening. And Lalep !alas saw that his hut was still
j
57 lae neHda la axkMalax Lalep lalase qa k" lexwes, ylxs he^mae la
q!ap!e^nakulats bEx^una^yasa la lelE^la. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise dsnx-
^ideda hasyalilagase laa^lase Lalep !alase dzEx^wEls laxa tiEx'ilasa
60 g'okwe qa^s dzElx^waesEle laxa L'.Ema^ise. Wa, laEm^Iawise qwes-
g'ilaxs lae lag'aa laxa wakwe qEmxwasa kwek". Wa, k'!es-lat!a
qwesg'ilaxs lae wibalisEma. Wa, laEmxae wek'lEx^eda. Wa, la
laLa ^naxwaEm wuLElax waldEmasa ogMa^me la lelqwalaLa^yes la
&xasa. Wa, laEm^lae ilx^etsE^wa qa^s la wiinEmtaso^ laxa Ease.
65 Wa, laEm k-'.eas dEg-ats!es. Wa, hesm^El g-ox"dEmtsa Winalag-i-
lise la axats. Wa, k'!es-lat!a laEm dzaqwaxs g'axaasa bEgwauEme
klwag'aaLEla lax axasas. Wa, la^laeda bEgwanEme yaqlEg'a'ia.
Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "^yS., qast, Lalep !alas. Wales n&qa'yaqos kMesas
^nek' qa^s laos na^nak" laxes awinagwisaos," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae
70 Lalep lalase na^naxmeq. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: " QaLEn wax'a aEra-
x'st'.Eu k^'.es ql^LElax gwaqEuwa^yaasase,' ^nex'^lae Lalep !alase laxa
bEgwauEme. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa yaq lEg^a^leda bEgwauEme. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'a: "NogwaEm kiiskusa. Wag"a LaxELElax qa^s g'axaos
k!wag"e g'axEn qEn la taodos laxes g"okwaos," ^nex'^lae kQsktisaq.
75 Wa, la^lae Lalep lalase hex'-idaEm la k!wag'EndEq. Wa, la^lae
ktisklis aaLaaqaxs lae plEl^ida qa^s le p!EltsEq!axa ^walase nEg'a.
Wa, g'll^Em^lawise hayaqaxa nEg"a lae lag-aa. Wa, la^lae Elaq
p'.EdEX'^Idaxa dzaqwa laa^lase Lalep !alas doqiilaqexs hex"sa^mae las
hose. Wa, la^lae laeL laq. Wa, la^lae dox^waLElaxes ok'.wina^yaxs
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1121
there. He went in, and he saw his body || lying there dead. Then 80
his soul went into it, \ and immediately the body became warm.
In the morning when day came man}' men and women came in
I |
to wail, and they came to bury him. Then one man went into the
|
hut, and the man saw that Lalep !alas !| was alive, and at once he 85
spoke with him. Then they made a house just like the house where
|
he had Ijeen; and therefore the numaym LcLEged own the house.
|
|
Tliis is aU.
|
WaxapIalaso^ (lelegeu, QloMK !ut!es, Kwag'ul)
The ancestor of the Yaex'agEme^ Yix'agEme^, lived at XudzE- 1
dzalis, at the village site LEx'siwe^; and Waxap lalaso^, and his
! |
prince Xaxosenaso^, lived on the east side of XiidzEdzalis; and it is
|
said that YixagEmo |! and Waxap !alaso^, claimed XudzEdzalis 5
as their pi'operty. Finally Waxaplalaso^ began to get tired of
|
Yix'agEme^. He moved away. and came to GeIv' lExsdEls with
|
his prince, Xaxosenaso^, and they built a house there; and when the
|
house they built was finished, Waxap lalaso^ lay down on his back,
|
thinking what to do. || Then it occurred to him that he had been 10
told in his former village, XiidzEdzalis, from a man who lived at
|
Xoxop !a, a Qweq"sot!enox". He did
| not name hirn, for he did not
he^mae ales yaq!iise. Wa, la^lae lalak'axes bEx^unayede. Wa, 80
hex'^idaEm^lawise tslfilx^wide ok'.wina^yas. Wa, laEm^lawise
^nax'^idxa gaalaxs g'axaasa q'.emala bebEgwanEm LE^wa tsledaqe
qlwaqliisalaxa wCmEmtaLaq. Wa, la^laeda -'nEmokwe IjEgwanEm
laeL laxa hose. Wa, la^lae dox^waLEleda bEgwauEmax Lalep lalasax
qlulae, qaxs a^mae hex'^idaEm yaeq'.Ega^l LE^we. Wa, la^me aEm 85
hex'^idaEm g'okwelaxa g^okwe he gwex'se g"5kwases laasde. Wa,
he'mis gaxelts g'ogwadeda ^nE^memotasa LeLEgedasa g'okwe. Wa,
laEm laba.
Waxap !alas6^ (leleged, Q!6mk-!ut!es, Kwag'ul)
Gokula^lae galiisa Yaex^agEma^ye ylx YLx'agEma^ye lax XudzE- 1
dzalise, lax gwak" Iotas ^was LEX'siwa^ye. Wa, la^lae gokule Waxa-
plalaso^ LE-wis LawElgama^ye Xaxosenaso^ lax ^nalanalisas XudzE-
dzalise. Wa, laEm-'lawise heniEnalaEm lenEmap'.e Ylx'agEma^ye
l6^ Waxap lalaso'waxa xusEliis XudzEdzalise. Wa, la-iae k'lilt'.ede 5
Waxap !alas6'was Yix-agEma-'ye. Wa, laEm-lae mawa Waxap lalaso'
qa^s g-axe lax GrEk- '.ExsdElse LE^wis Lawulgama^ye Xaxosenaso^
Wa, la^lae g'okwela qa^s g'okwa. Wa, la^lae gwale g'5kwela^yas.
LaEm^lawise Waxap lalaso^ t'.egil sEu-yastoiil qa^s gweg'ilasa. Wa,
la%e g'lg'aex^edxa g-axe ts!Ek-!alEm laxes g'ale g'okulase XiidzE- 10
dzalise, yisa g'iix'^ide lax Xoxop !a Qweq"sot!enox" bEgwauEma.
Wa, la-me k'les Lex^edEX LegEmas qaxs k'lesae q!aLElax LegEmas.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 22
1122 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, If.th. axn. 36
14 know his name. ' The visitor had said to Wfixap lalaso^, "Look
|
out for the one of our tribesmen who has a great treasure!—I mean ||
15 Head-Winter-Dancer- -for he will go around our world to play with
|
the people of supernatural power, all around our world." Thus he
had said.
|
This occurred to Waxap!alas6^ while he was lying on his back.
|
When night came, he tried to lie down in liis bed; lie did not go to
]
20 sleep the whole night, however; but || his prince, Xaxosenaso^
slept sweetly. Wien day came, in the morning, Waxaplalaso^
|
arose and scolded his prince. He said to him, "Don't think
|
|
always of sleeping! Don't you think of Head-Winter-Dancer, the
]
great shaman, the great war-dancer, who is famous all over the
25 world, and who is looking for a great shaman to play with ? III
|
mean you ought to rise and wash yourself in this good river
|
Ts!Elgwad. Thus he said. Xaxosenaso^ took up the tongs and
|
struck his prince with them.
||
30 Xaxosen^so^ arose at once and went out of the house. He
|
wanted to kill himself. He went up the river Ts lElgwad ; and
|
when he came to the cascade of Ts!Elgwad, he saw a hole in the|
rock on the bank of the river. He wanted to examine it, and hej
35 saw that the. holes were the eyes of a Dzonoq !wa. They wereI!
13 Wa, la^lae ^nek"eda bagunse bEgwauEm lax Waxap!alaso^: "Wa-
gil la yaL!aLEx qa5xda ^walase Logwala laxEnu^x" g'okulotex, yix
15 Ts!ac[ama^ye qaxs ^nek^ae c[a's lii-'stalesElexEns ^nalax qa=s amle
leHvox nanawalakwaxsox awFstiixsEns ^nalax," -nex'^lae.
Wii, heEm^lawis g'ax g'Ig'aeges Waxapialaso^ laxes t!eg"i^lena^ye.
Wii, la-lae ganol^Ida lae wax" kiilx'^ida laxes kii-lelase. Wii, la^lae
hewaxaEm mex^edEx ^wasgEmasasa ganoLe. Wa, hVlae ex'p!astE-
20 fwesE-wes Lilwulgama^yase Xsixosenslso^. Wii, laEnrfiiwise na^nakii-
laxa gaalaxs lae Lax'wide Wiixap !ahis5^ cja^s lii lawitsltllagwiixes
Lawulgama^ye Xaxosenaso-. Wii, la^lae ^nek-Eq: "Gwiildzas xeuleI
lex'aEm naqa^ydsxes mexena^yos. K'lesas g'ig'aeqElax Ts!iiqama-
^yaxa 'walasa paxalaaxa ^wiihisa tox'wida ylxs ts!elwiilaa hVstallsE-
25 lalxEns ^nalax alax ^walasa pSxala qa^s aml^wiita. Wii, he^mesEn
•ne-'nak'Ile qa^s Lax^widaos qa^s lilos g'lg'Iltala hlxwa ek' !ex wHx
Ts!Elgwadex," ^nex'^lae. Wit, aEm^lawise Xiixosenaso' lex'Elii qa's
et!ede mex^eda. Wii, heEm^lawis hig-ilas Waxap!alas6^ dax'^idxa
tslesLiila qa^s kwex^Ides laxes LSwulgama^ye.
30 Wii, hex"^idaEm^lawise Lax^iillle Xilxosenaso^ qa^s liiEl I&weIs
lilxa g'okwe qa=s lii alii qa^s g'ayalasa. Wii, laEm^lae qaswustiilax ^was
Ts!Elgwade. Wii, gil-Em^lilwise lag'aa laxa k"!iimadzenilsa ^was
TslElgwade, wa, hVlae dox^waLElaxa x"6p!a t!esEma hix ogwaga^yasa
^wa. Wa, lae ^nex* qa^s max'p!altoweq. Wii, hcEm^liiwis dox^wa-
35 LElatseqexs gEyagEsaasa Dzonoq !wa. Wii, laEm^lae qoqut!astosa
BOAS] FAMILi! HISTOKIES 1123
both full of water. Then Xaxosenaso^ heard some one who said, 36|
I
"O friend, Xaxoseni\so^ ! go into these two eyes, for then nothing|
will be too difficult for you." Thus spoke what was heard by^hiin.
Xaxosenaso^ did not see any one. Then Xaxosenaso^ || broke off 40
|
hemlock-branches, tied them together in four bunches, and went
towards the eyes. He sat down in the water in the right-hand
|
eye, and rubbed himself with one bunch of the hemlock on the
|
right side of his body; and when aU the needles of the hemlock had
|
come off, he put it down on the rock, and took another bunch,|
dipped it into the water, and rubbed l| the left side of his body. 45
When all the needles were off, he put it down on the rock and came|
out of the water. Then he went into the water in the left eye,\
and he sat down in it. Xaxosenaso^ took another bunch of hem-
\
lock, dipped it into the water, and rubbed the right side of his
|
body. ^^Tien all the needles had come off, he put it do^vn on the 50II
ground; and he took another bunch of hemlock, dipped it into the
|
water, and rubbed himself on the left side of his body; and he|
only stopped v^dien all the needles had come off. Then he put the|
I
henilock on the ground. After he had put it on the ground, the|
man who was invisible to Xaxosenaso^ spoke again, and said,|| 55
"Don't, don't, don't come out of the water in which you are
|
washing! Dive, and stay below water a long time, four tunes!j
^wape. Wa, la^lae Xaxosenaso^ wtiLElaxa yaq!Eg"a^laxa ^nek'e: 36
"Weg'a, qast, Xaxosenaso-, la^sta laxwa maltssmex gegEyagEsa qa^s
k'!easeLos waLEml," ^nex^^lae wuLslas. Wa, la^lae kMeas dogidts
bEgwanEma yix Xaxosenstso^. Wit, hVlae hex'^ida^me Xaxosenaso^
LlEx^widxa qlwaxe qa^s yaeLlEXLEndexa mSxLa. Wa, la^lae gwii^sta 40
laxa gegEyagEse qa^s laEl k!wa^sta laxa helk'lotsta^ye gEyagEsa.
Wa, la^lae ginx^witasa ^nEmxLa q!waxa laxes helk'!ot!Ena^ye.
Wa, g'lpEm^lawise ^wFlawe kMamo^masa qlwaxe, lae g-ig-aElsacj qa^s
dax'^idexa ^uEmxLa qa^s hapstEndes laxa ^wape qa^s g"hixHvi-
tasa ^nEmxLa laxes gEmxotJEna^ye. Wa, gipEm^lawise ^wFlawe 55
k'iamo^mas lae g'Ig'aElsaq. Wii, la-lae la^sta laxa ^wape qa^s la
la^sta lax q!o^sta^yax gEmxotsta^ye gEyagEts. Wii, la-'lae k!wa-
^sta laq. Wii, la^lae dax'^idxa ^uEmxLa qlwiixa qa^s hapstEndes la-
xa ^wape. Wii, lii^lae g'hix^witas laxes helk'!ot!Ena^ye. Wii,
glpEm^lawise ^wl^lawe k"!amo^masexs lae g'Ig'aElsaq. Wii, la^lae 50
dax-=idxa ^nEmxLaEm la qa^s hiipstEndeq. Wa, la-lae g-inx^wi-
tas laxes gEmxot!Ena^ye. Wa, iil-"Em^lawis6 gwalExs lae ^wi-1awe
k'amo^mas. Wa, la-lae g'Ig'aElsaxa q!waxe. Wa g1l-Em-lawise
g'ig'aElsaqexs lae et!ed yaq!Eg'a^leda bEgwiiuEme, yix kMese d5-
gults Xiixosenaso^. Wii, lt¥lae ^nek'a : "Gwo, gwo, gwo, gii^no 55
la^sta liixos g'Ig'iltillasex ^wiipax. Weg'a g'iig"ildets!a diisndEX
mop !enEnsaLEs qa^s laLaosaxa lakwelii qa^s k" !easeLos wiiLEmLos,"
1124 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [inii. ann. 3s
57 Then you will ol)taiii what makes you strong, so that nothing will be
too difficult for you." Thus said the one who was
| invisililc to
Xaxosenas5^. Then Xaxosen&so^ said, "I will do so;" and he
|
60 sat down and dived under water, and |! held on to the bodom in the
very cold water. He staid there a very long time, and then came
i
up. He just wanted to goi/his breath. Then he div^d agam, and
|
he staid down even longer than he had staid the first time when he
|
dived. He came up again, and sat down on the rock to
| get his
65 breath; and as soon as he had || recovered his breath, he dived
again, and staid below water for really a long tinie. Then he came
|
up and sat down on the rock to get his breath; and as soon as he
\
had recovered his breath, he arose to dive again. Then spoke again
|
the man whom he had heard speaking before, and who was invisi-
|
70 blc to him. || He said, "O friend! now really do not come up until
|
your breath gives out. Keep open your e3'es while you are under
]
water, then there wiU be nothing that you can not see." Thus said
the one who was heard. ^Alien the speech of the one who was heard
|
by Xaxosenaso^ was ended, he replied, and
| said, "I shall do so." ||
75 And he dived into the water in the eyes of the Dzonoq !wa. Now he
\
kept his eyes open, and held on to the bottom, while he staid mider
water; and he only let go when his breath gave out. Then
| he]
floated up, and he did not know how long a time he had been
|
58 ^nex'^lae k- !esa dogiilts Xaxosenaso^. Wa, laEm^lawise nek-e Xaxose-
naso^: '' HeLEn gwahxLe," ^nex'^laexs lae k'.imsa laxa -'wape qa^s
60 gElbEnts'.e laxa alii wuda^sta ^wapa. Wii, he^lat!a la gEj-EnsEJaxs
g'axae qlax^wida. Wa, aEm^lawise ^nex' cja q lEsmEux^wTdeses hasa-
yaxs lae edEnsa. Wii, la^iae gagEyinsElagaweses ^wtVwadzEiisElas
liixes g'ilae das'ida. Wii, gTix^lae q'.ax^wida. Wii, giihiEmiawise
k!waa qn qlEsniEux^wIdeses hiisa^ye. Wa, g'lpEm^hiwis ^iiEmx'-
65 dzExHvide hasa^yasexs lae et'.ed diis-ida. Wii, laEm^lae filax'^Id
gEyEnsEla. Wii, g'ax^lae qlilx'wida. Wa, li¥lae k!wag'aala qa
q lEsmEux^wideses hasa^ye. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise q lEsmEnx^wIde hasa-
^ya lae Laxvila qaxs lE^mae et!edEl diis^IdEl, hia^lase edzaqwaEl
yaq'.Eg'a^le wiiLElnaxwiis yilq!Ent!ala bEgWiinEma, yix k"!ese dogults.
70 Wii, la^lae ^neka: "-ya, qast, wag'il la alax'ndLEx laEm al^Emt q!iix-
^widEl qaxo lal hibaEos hasa-yaqos. Wii, laLEs clEX'alal qaso hll
gEyEusElal qa-'s k' loiiseLos k' !es dogulLol," %ex'-lae wuEElas. Wii,
g'il^Em^lawise cj;!ulbe waldEmasa yaq'.Entlala wuleIIs Xiixosenaso^
lae na^naxmeq. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'Eq: "HeLEn gwiilaLe," ^nex'^laexs
75 lae das'ida liLxa ^wape q !6stE=wes gegE'yagEsasa Dzonoq !wa. Wa,
laEm^lae dEX'ala. Wii, ax'saEm^lawise gElbEntsla lae gEyEnsEla.
Wii, a'mes heEm gElpak'Elaatsexs lae wIxLax'-ides hiisa-ye. Wii,
g-ax^Em^lao iiEmpEx'osta. Wii, laEm-lae k'les q!aLElaxes 'wiVwatsIa-
ase yaq'.wa. Wa, lii^lae ts'.Ek'lEx^ida. Wa, laEm^lawise Liixula-
\
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1125
lying there iu a faint. Then he awoke and arose, || for he liad been 80
dead, and came back to liis senses. He had first dived twice into
|
the right eye of the Dzcnoq !wa, and twice into the left eye.
|
Then again he heard spealving in the woods. (The voice) said,
|
"Come, friend Xaxosen&so^! I^et us try onr strength!" Thus said
what he heard. || Then Xaxosenaso^ turned around to see who was 85
coming from the place where some one was talking, and he saw a
|
handsome man standing on the ground. Xaxosenflso* went to him
|
at once. Wlien he reached ' liim, the man asked Xaxosenaso^ to
try to twist a spruce-tree, "so that I may see how strong you are."
I
Thus he said. || Immediately Xaxosen§,so^ climbed the tree, and, 90
beginning at the top, he came do\\'Ti twisting the spruce-tree. He
|
came to the ground. It is said that Xaxosenaso^ never found it
|
difficult, because he was exceedingly strong. Then Xaxosenaso^
|
was given advice by the man to take good care when traveling
|
about; || "and you shall always purify yourself in this river in the 95
morning and in the evening, so that no harm may befall you."
|
Tlius he said.
|
Then Xaxosenaso^ questioned the man, and said, "0 friend!
|
who are you who take pity on me and give me advice? " Thus he said
to him. Then the man replied, and said, "0 friend! |1 1 am Work- 100
I
yixs la^mex'de lE^la. Wa, la^me nages^ida, yixs hiie gul ma4p!Ena 80
diis-Ide helk'!otstg,ye gEyagEtsa Dzonoq!wa. Wa, la^lae ma-lp!Ena
das'Id laxa gEmxotstiVyas.
Wii, la^lae et!ed wuLEhixa yaq!Eg"a^la lax aLa^yasxa ^nek'a: "Ge-
lag'a qast Xaxosenaso^, qEns lalokwap!e," ^nex'^lae wuLElas. Wa,
la^lae Xaxosenaso^ niEls^Id qa^s dox^wldex g'aya^nakiilasasa yaq!En- 85
tiala. Wa, la^lae dox^waLElaxa Lase ex^sok" bEgwauEma. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ la laq. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag'aa
laq laa^lase bEgwanEme axk'!alax Xaxoscnaso^ qa ^niEns^ides
SElp!ldxa alewase Easa, "qEn doqwalexs hixwa^yaqos," ^nex'^lae.
Wii, hex'^idaEra^lawise Xaxosenaso^ la h&x^wid laxa Ease qa^s g"axto- 90
dexs g'axae ba^nolEla sElpaxa filewase. Wa, g'ax^lae g'ax^Elsa.
Wii, laEm'lae Xaxosenaso- hewaxaEm laxomx'^Ida qaxs alae laEl
lak!wemas bEgwanEma. Wii, laEm^awise Lexs^alasE^we Xaxosen^-
so^ ylsa bEgwiinEm qa iVmes yiiL!awa liixes gwillagildzase. "Wa,
he^niis qa^s hemEnala^maos la^sta liixwa ^wilxxa gegarda LE^wa dza- 95
dzEqwa qa^s kMeaseLos amelasLol," ^nex'^lae.
Wii, liVlae Xiixosenaso- wQEaxa bEgwiinEme. Wii, hVlae ^nek'a:
"^ya, qast, angwasex waxk!rdaex Lexs^iila g'iixEn," ^nex'^laeq. Wa,
la^lae na^naxma'"yeda bEgwanEmaq. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, qast,
nogwaEm Es-ak'IlElsa. HemEnalaEm Lexs^alaxa g'iixe laxos g'axa- 100
1126 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth.an.n. 35
1 man. I ahviiys give advice to those who come the way you have|
come." And after Workman had said so, he disappeared. —| |
Xaxosenaso^ just stood there as though he were out of his mind|
5 on account of the actions of the one who had spoken. || Then
it occurred to him to walk again towards the soiirce of the river. \
He went, and continued going a long distance up the river. Then|
he saw a large round thing on the rock, which looked like a stone,
|
a little distance away from the place whence he came. It seemed
strange to him. He went to it to examine it. Then he saw that |||
10 it was the great head of a man staring at Xaxosen&so^ as he stood on
the rock. The large head looked angry. It hud no body. Then| |
Xaxosenaso^ was angry, and stared at it. Then Xfixoscnaso^\
remembered that his father had talked about something like tliis,\
what he was seeing, and that he had caUed it Head-without-Body.
15 Thus Xaxosenaso^ was just watching the Head-without-Body, asil
it was changmg the expression of its face. Four times it clninged|
its face, as though it were tr\-ing to frighten Xaxosenaso^ There-|
fore it did so. And the great tiling opened its mouth, and the|
head of a man appeared in the mouth of the Head-without-Body.|
20 It kept its mouth opened, || and uttered the cannibal-cry, like the
cannibal-cry of the hamshamtsles of the ancestors of the Kwakintl.
|
Then a pair of hands appeared in the mouth of the Head-without-\
1 qos gwalag'ildzasa. Wa, he^meq," ^nex-%exs lae xis^Ida, yix
Es'ak'ilElsa.
Wa, aEm-lawise Xaxosenaso^ la Lasa he gwex's nEnolox"^wides na-
qa^ye, qa gwex'^idaassases yaeqlEnt'.alodaxs lae kMeas la doqiilaqe.
5 Wit, la^lae ^nenk'lex^ed qa^s lalag'i et!ed qas-ida lax ^uEldzasa ^wa.
Wa, laEm^lawise qasa. Wii, laEm^lawise ^nElg^ila lax -uEldziisa
^waxs lae dox^waLElaxa ^walase ^niEk'.wa he gwex's l5xsEm t'.esEm
Ifixa qwaqwesala lax giiyolElasas. Wa, laEm^lae amlq!ESEci. Wii,
h'l'lae qas-ida qa-'s la ^uExwax'^Id lilq. Wii, laEm^lae awulp laltocjexs
10 ^wiilasae x'omtsa bEgwanEme doqwalax XaxosenasS^xs Lawae.
Wii, laEm-lae lawisEmaleda ^^wfdase x'omsa, ylxs k"!easae bux"sos.
Wii, aEm^liiwise Xiixosenaso^ ogwaqa liiwisEmala dodoxsEudEq.
Wa, laEm^lae Xaxosenaso^ g"ig"aex^edxes ompaxs gwilgwex's-Tdae
laxa he gwexse la doqwalaso-sxa Legadiis X'osalole. Wii, laEm^lae
15 aEm la Lawa doc[wale Xaxosenasoxa X'osalole, ylxs lae Lliiyi^lales
goguma^ye. Wa, la^lae moplEna Llayi^lale gogiima^yas he gvi'ex's
kak"alEmax Xtixosenaso^, ISg'ilas he g^veg'ile. Wii, ladzek'as-lae
aqKlse sEmsas. Wa, heEm'lawis g'ax nelEmx"^idaatsa bEgwiiuEme
awiL'.EXwawa^yas X'osalole. Wa, hlEm^lae tsokwale sEmsas. Wa,
20 la-lae hamts'.alasa hiimtslalaena^yasa hamshamtslEsasa g'iila Kwii-
wula. Wii, tr'ax'lae e^eyasas nel'id lax wax'sanodzExsta^vas sEmsas
X'osalole xwexillequla. Wii, g'ax^lae klwa^nakulaxs g'ax aeg'iix^-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1127
Body. They were trembling, and (the cannibal-dancer) came ina| 22
squatting position out of the mouth of the Head-without-Body.
After he had come out, the mouth of the Head-without-Body
|
closed; and the hamshamtsles went right on !| and took the right 25
arm of Xaxosen&so^, and bit a wide piece out of it. Xaxosen^so^ never
|
moved. And when the piece had been bitten out by the hams-
|
hlimtslEs, the latter went back, uttering his cannibal-cry, "Wip,
|
wip, wip!" as he went back into the mouth of the Head-without-
Body. Now the hamshamtslEs had gone back into the mouth;
I
and as soon as he had gone in, the Head-without-Body
II disappeared. 30|
Then Xaxosenaso^ heard some one back of him spealdng, and
|
saying, "O friend Xaxosenaso^ ! now you have obtained as your
treasure what you have seen, the hamshamtslEs, and the name
|
One-Man-Eater, whenever you show this; and the front of the
|
sacred room out of which he came is the head of our world, |1 the 35
Head-without-Body; and you will do among your tribe what was
done by One-Man-Eater to you when he bit you, for you will eat
!
human flesh, Now spit on your right arm, and press down the
j
place bitten by our friend One-Man-Eater, then it will heal up,"
I
said the one whom he heard. Xaxosen&so^ never saw who was
|
speaking. || He went at once into the i-iver to wash, and after he 40
|
had done so, he sat down under the branches of a cedar-tree.
]
weIs lax sEmsas X'osalole. Wit, g'tPEm^lawise laltslaxs lae qEni- 23
k!wale sEmsas X'osalole. Wa, he^nakQlaEm^lawisa hamshamts lEse
qa^s dax'^Idex helkMolts'.ana^yas Xaxosenaso^ qa^s q'.Ex^'Ideqxa ala 25
lexa. Wa, liewaxaEni'liiwise Xaxosenaso' yawix'^ida. Wa, g'il^Em-
^lawise lawamaseda hamshamts lEsaxes q!Ek"oyo laa^lase aedaaqa
qa^s hamtslEg'a^le wip wip wipxaxs lae ax^edcL lax sEmsas X'osa-
lole. Wa, laEm^lae laeLeda htimshamts'.Ese lax sEmsas. Wa, g'il-
^Em=lawise laeLExs lae x'isaleda X'osalole. 30
Wa, liVlae yaqlEg'a^le wuLElas XaxosenS,so^we laxes aLa^yexa
^nek'e: " Wa, qast, Xaxosenaso^, laEms Logwalaxes layos ddx^waLE-
laxa hamshamts '.Ese LEwis LegEme Nanogwise, qaso lal nel^idamas-
LEq. Wa, he^misLal mawiltses g'ayoltslEwasa x'omsasEns -nalax,
ylx X'osalole. Wa, lieEmlwits gweg'ilalxes g'ukiilotaose gwex''idaa- 35
sas Nanogwise laL, ylxs lae qlEX'^id laL, ylxs bEx"bakweLaqos.
Weg'a kwes-IdExs helk'!6lts!ana^yex qa^s LE^x"stodaos laxox qlEk'a-
^yasEns ^nEmokwae Nanogwisa laL qa mEtslEdesox," ^nex'^lae
wuLElas. Wa, laEm hewaxa dox^waLEle Xaxosenaso^xa yaq lEnt !ala.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ la^stEX'^id laxa ^wa. Wii, g'll- 40
'Em^lawise gwalExs lae k'.waagElsaxa tlEuyaba^yas wilts lana^yasa
1128 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
43 There he slept that night, not far from the house of his fatherj
Waxap lalaso^, at GeU' IexscIeIs. I
45 In the morning, when day came, he arose and went |l into the river.
He carried four bunches of hemlock-branches, and rubbed I the
right side of his body. When the needles had come off, he stopped.|
Then he took another bunch tiud rubl)ed the I right side of his body:
aud when ail the needles had come off, he stopped and took another|
50 bunch of hemlock-branches, dipped it into the water, and rubbedl!
the left side of his body; and when the ! needles had come off, he
stopped, and took the one bunch left on the rock, dipped it intoI
the water, and rubbed the left side of his body, Wben the needlesj
had come off, he stopped. Then he remembered the words of the|
5.5 one who had spoken to him ; that is, had taken pity|| the one who
on him and had given him advice. He dived four times, and staid a
long time under water each time; and when he came up the fourth|
time, he heard a man back of him speaking. He said, "You have|
I
done well, friend Xaxosenaso^, to do what you have done, for you
have dived four times. Go, how! Before you go far, you will ||
I
60 see your treasure." Thus he said; and Xaxosenaso^ said, I "I shall
do so, friend!" He did not try to see who was speaking to him.
i j
42 welkwe. Wii, heEm'lae mex-edxa ganoLexa k'!ese qwesala lax
g-okulasases 5mpe Waxap !alaso- hxx GEk'lExsdElse.
Wii, g'U'Em-lawise ^naniakiilaxa gaaliixs lae Lax-iilsa cja-'s la la^sta
45 laxa ^wa. LaEm^ae dalaxa moxLa q!waxa. Wa, laEm^ae ginxwi-
tas laxes helk'!ot!Ena^ye. Wa, gih'Em^lawise ^wMawe kMamo-mas
lae gwrda. Wii, la-'lae dax'ndxa -uEmxLa qa-s ginxwites laxaaxcs
helkMotEna^ye. Wa, g-il^Em-laxaawise 'wrtdwe kMamo^mas lae
gwiila. Wii, lii dax-idxa ^uEmxLa q!waxa qa^s hapstEndes laxa
50 -wiipaxs lae ginxwitas laxes gEmx6t!Ena'ye. Wii, gil^Emxaiiwise
-wi^lawe k" iamo^mas lae gwala. Wii, lii dax'^idxa ^nEm^Em la g'E^ya
qa^s ha])stEndes laxa 'wiipe. Wii, liixae ginxwitas liixes gEmxo-
t!Ena''ye. Wii, g iPniese ^wi-'lawe kMamo^mas lae gwiila. Wii, laEm-
'liiwise g'lg'aex^idEx wiiklEmasa yaq!Ent!ala bEgwauEma, yixa
55 waxkMala Lexs-filiiq. Wii, laEm-'lae ni5p!Ena gegEyEnsElaxs lae
das-ida. Wii, g-il'Env1awise q!iix^vidExs lae mop!Ena das-'ida,
laa^lase et!ed wuLElaxa yaq!Eg'a4a bEgwiiuEm lax aLa^yasxa ^nek-a:
"LaEms helaxa, qast Xiixosenaso^ lilxos gwex-^idaasex, laaqos
mop!Ena cLis-ida. Hag-a qiis-idEx k- !esLEs cjwesgilal qaso dox^wa-
60 LElalxos LogweLaqos," ^nex'^lae. Wii, la^lae Xiixosenaso^ =nek-a:
"HeLEU gwiilaLe. qiist." Wii, laEm^lae kMes wul-Em dadox^waLE-
laxa yaq!Ent!aliiq.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1129
At once Xaxosenaso^ started aud went up the river. After he
|
had been gomg up [some time], he saw a || large bird sitting on the rock. 65
As soon as he saw it, he remembered what the man had said to him
|
when he said to him, "Go ! You will not go far before you see your
|
treasure." Then Xaxosenaso^ started, and stood near the thun-
|
i
derbird that was sitting on the rock. Then the thundorbird
il first 70
spoke to him, and said, " O friend ! why do you come here walkmg ?"
|
And Xaxosenaso^ said at once, "I came to obtain you, Great-
I
Supernatural-One, as a treasure." Thus he said. Then the thun-
|
derbird called Xaxosenaso^ to come to him. He went there at
|
once; and II the thunderbird said, "Come and sit among the 7-'J
[
feathers of my wings, that we may go and see our world !" Thus he
said. Xaxosenaso^ at once went up to the wings and sat among
|
I
the feathers at tne base of the wings; and when Xaxosenas5^ was
|
seated among the feathers, the thunderbird
II flew up. Then 80
|
Xaxosenaso^ was asked by the thimderlnrd to look at ever3'thing
|
that was going on where they were going. Xazosenaso^ did so. He
|
kept in mind the strange things that he saw ever_ywhere. After
]
four days they came II back. Then the thunderbird sat dowTi on 85
the rock | where he had been seated when Xaxosenaso^ met him.
Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^we qas^ida qa^s lii ^na^na^laaqa 63
laxa ^wa. Wa, laEm^lawise ^uElgilaxs lae dox^waLElaxa k!waa
^walas ts!ek!wa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise dox^waLElaqexs lae g'lg'aex^i- 65
dEx waldEmasa yaq!Ent!ala bEgwauEmqxa ^nek"Eq: ''Hag'a qas^i-
dEX. K' lesLEs qweg'ilal qaso dox^waLElaixos LogweLaqos." Wa,
laEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ qas^ida qa^s la Lax^wala laxa ^uExwala lax
kiwaaasasa kunkunxulig'a^ye. Wa, heEm^lawis g'il j^aqlEg'a^leda
kunkunxuliga'yaq. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, qast, ^masos g'ag'ExI- 70
Jaqos laxwa g"axaqos qayasa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, hex'-'idaEm^Lawise
XaxosenSso- ^nek'a: " LilLogwasdEyEn, qiist, yul ^nawalax"dzek-as,'
-'nex^^lae. Wa, hex-^idaEm^lawiseda kunkunxiilig'a^ye Le^liilax Xa'-
xosenaso^ qa las laq. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lae la laq. Wii, la^lae kQn-
kiinxulig'a^ye =nek-a: "Gelag'a qa^s k!wak!wagaya6s lilxg'a tslEl- 75
tslElkgasg'ln plELEmk" qEns lii dox^se^stallsElaxEns ^nalax," ^nex"-
'lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm^liiwise Xaxoseniiso^ la lag'ustS, laxp!ELEmas
qa^s le klwfiklwaqax ts!Elts!Elk"as ek' !ot!EXLa^yas oxLa^yas p!ELE-
mas. Wii, g il^Em^lawise hel-aLsla k!wiik!waga'yaena^yas Xiixose-
n^so^ lax ts!Elts!Elk'e laa^lase plEl^Ideda kunkunxulig'a^ye. Wii, SO
laEm^lae Xiixosenas5^ iixk' !alaso-sa kunkiinxiilig-a^ye qa doqwala-
k'asesex ^naxwa gwayi^lalatses lalalasLa. Wii, heEm^lawise gweg'ile
Xoxosenaso^, ^naxwaEm4ae axela^nakfllaxes amlq!Edza^ye laxes^nax-
wa dodEgula Mxes ^niixwa liilalasa. Wii, liVlae mop lEnxwa^sExs g'iixae
aedaaqa. Wa, heEni'Liwise kiwiigaaleda kiinkixnxulig-a-'yes k!waaa- 85
saxs g'alae bak'o lo- Xaxosen&s5^. Wa, g'tl^Em^lawise kiwag'aalaxs
1130 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. .•»
87 As soon as he sat dowu on the rock, the thuuderbird asked Xaxo-|
sen^so^ to go down and when the thuuderbird went down, he gave
; |
advice to him to remember aU the time, if the great supernatural
|
90 one, Head-Winter-Dancer of the Qweq"sot!cnox", should comeII
and make war on him, that there was really nobody who could|
overcome his supernatural power. "And if he discovers that you
are not an ordinary man, he will at once come to make war upon|
you; and as soon as you want me to help you, sing my sacred|
song. Now, listen to my sacred song! so that you may sing it|
95 when II Head-Winter-Dancer comes to make war on you." Thus
he said, and he sang it. These are the words of his sacred song:
|
"Burn them, burn them, burn them, you who burn the world !
|
Hail, hail, hail, hail, hailstorm is brought by you!"
"This you shall sing when you want those to die who come to play
]
with you, and if you want them to turn into stone or into ice; namely
200 aUthe men, the crew of Head-Winter-Dancer, if they should come."||
Thus said the thuuderbird to Xaxosenaso^. Then Xaxosenaso^
|
turned away from the thuuderbird. Then he turned his face back|
to the place where the thuuderbird had been seated on the rock, andj
the thunderbird had disappeared. Inuncdiately Xaxosen&so^ went|
into the river. ||
5 He did not know that he had been away four years from his
|
liouse in CiEk' !ExsdEls. Now he wished to go home to his house|
87 lae kunkunxidig'a^ye axkMfdax Xaxosenaso^ qa laxalag^is. Wii,
g'il'Eui'lawise laxaxs lae kunkunxiilig'a^ye Lexs-alaq qa a^mese
lieniEnalaEm g'igaeqElaqexs g'axeLe winasoltsa '^walasa ^nawalakwa,
90 yix Ts!aqama^yasa Qweq''sot !enoxwe qaxs ala^mae kMeas^Em ek-a
lax ^nawalak!wena-yas. "Wii, qo q!alaLExs k!esaaq6s la aoms
l)EgwauEma laLe hex'^idaEml g'axL winaLol. Wa, gipEmlwIts ^nexx
([En g'Ex^wIdaoL, wa, las yiilaqwasgin yalax"LEnk-. Weg-a hoLelax
qEu yiilaqwe qa^s a^meLos yalaqwaltsEk' qaso g'axi, winasoLEs Ts!a-
95 qama-ya," ^nex'^laexs lae yalaqwa. G'a^mes qayatsa yalaxLEug'a:
"TsExwaamt, tsExwaamt, tsExwaamt xumtxiimtElig'a^ya.
Tsaalx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsElxtsElxElig-a^'ya."
"Wa, heEms yalagwatsoxs laaqos ^nex* qa lelE^les g'axLa aEml-
q!En^waLol qa t!esEmx-^ides l6« qa L!ox^wIdes ^naxweda bebEgwa-
200 iiEme leElots Ts!aqama'ye qa g-axLo," ^nex-^lae kunkunxullg'a^ye
lax Xaxosenaso^. Wa, laEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ lox^wits kunkim-
xulic'a^ye. Wa, la^lae etled^El gwegEmx'^id lax k!waaasdas. Wii,
la-me x'is'Ida yix kttnkimxiilTga'ye. Wa, hex'-idaEm-lawise Xaxo-
senaso^ la-'sta laxa ^wa.
5 Wa, la^me k"!es q!aLElaxs lE^mae mox^unxelaxa tslawiinxe bases
f-okwa lax GEkMExsdElse. Wa, laEm^lae ^nex" qa^s lalag-I nii-na-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1131
that evening. He resolved to go home. Then he heard the singmg 8
|
of a sacred song downstream. Immediately Xaxosenaso^ sat down
|
on the rock and went into || the river; and he repeated the sacred 10
song, which sounded like that of a woman. After Xaxosensiso^ had
;
been in the water, a small man came to the place where Xaxosen&s5^
\
was seated ; and as soon as he came to the place where Xaxosenaso^
|
was seated, the small man spoke, and said, "O friend Xaxosenaso^!
| ||
I have been sent by our friend TKwiig'in to call you to witness her 15
|
dance. Come!" Thus said the small man to Xaxosenaso^
j
Xaxosenaso^ immediately arose from the place where he was
\
seated, and followed the one who had invited him, and it was not
|
long before they were inside of a large house. || When they reached 20
the door, it opened, and Xaxosenaso^ and the one who had invited
|
him went in. Then Xaxosen^so^ was asked to sit dowii at the
\
left side of the door of the large house, so that he should be able to
|
witness well what was being done there, and the speaker of
| the
great winter-dance house spoke to him. Then || Xaxosen&so^ 25
listened to the sacred song of the woman behind the large winter-
j
dance house, and he secretly repeated her song. When Xaxo-
|
sen&so^ had sat down, the speaker of the large winter-dance house
]
spoke, and said, "Now, take good care, friend Xaxosenaso^! You
|
kwa laxes g'okwaxa dzacjwa. Wii, laEm^lawise Ele^sta naqa^yas 7
qa^s lalag'i na^nakwa, laa^lase wtiLax^aLElaxa yalaqlwala laxes gwa-
laa. Wii, hex'-idaEm^lawise Xaxosenaso^ k!wag'aala qa^s la^ste
laxa ^wa. Wa, la^lae dEnxIg'ex yalaqii'layasa tslEdaqlExsda. Wii, 10
heEm^lawis ales gwale Xaxosenaso^ la-staxs g'axaasa ^miisgEmala
bEgwanEm gwiisolEla lax k!waaasas Xiixosenaso^. Wa, gil^Em^lii-
wise g'iix-aLEla lax k!waaasas Xaxosenaso^ lae yaq'.Eg'a-leda amiis-
gEmiila bEgwanEma. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: "Yul qast Xaxosenaso',
^yiilagEmEnLasEns ^uEmokwe TEwiig'in qEn g'ilxe Le^laloL qa^s layos 15
x"ils!ax"ilaqexs kwexElasE^weLc. Wa, gelag'a," ^nex'^laeda amiis-
gEmala bEgwamEmx Xaxosenaso^. Wa, hex'^idaEm^hiwise Xaxo-
senaso^ Lax^ula laxes kiwaaase qa^s lii liig'ixa Le^liilaq. Wa, kMes-
^lat'.a qwesg'ilaxs lae lag'aa lax Llasana^yasa ^walase g'okwa. Wii,
g'll^Em^wise lag'aa lax tiExiliis laa^lase axstoda. Wii, ItVlae 20
hogwiLe Xaxosenaso^ LE^wa i.e^lalElguse. Wii, laEm^hawise Xil-
xosenaso^we axkMalaso' qa^s he k!wag-alile gEmxotstalilas tiExiliisa
^walase g'okwa "qa wagihsox help!altalalxEns gwegwiilag'ilPlasLa,"
^nex'^lae yiiyaqlEntEmelasa ^willase ts!iigats!e g'okwa. Wii, laEm-
^lae Xilxoseuasowe hemEnalaEm wuLElaxa yalaq!wiilti ts!Ediiq liixa 25
aLliisa ^walase ts'.iigatsle g'okwa. Wa, hVlae wunala dEnxeg'eq.
Wii, gil^Em^lawise klwilg'allle Xaxosenasowe liia^lase yii^qlEg'a^leda
yayaqlEntEmelasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, la^Iae ^nek'a:
"Weg'a yaL'.EwilLol, qast, Xaxosenaso^, g'ax^Ems g'axeL laxwa ^wiila-
1132 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35
30 have come into this great || winter-dance house. Now you will see
what we are going to do." And tlie cannibal-cry was uttered back
|
of the sacred room, which was the head of a man standing on the
|
floor of the house. It opened its mouth, and the hamshamtslEs
|
showed liimself from inside of the head. He came out and
! danced;
35 and when his song ended, he went back || into the mouth of the head;
and it was not long before he came, wearing the revolving mask on
|
his head. Then he went around the fire of the large winter-dance
|
house; and after ho had gone around, he went back into the mouth
j
of the sacred room, which had the form of a head. It was not long
before he came again, uttering the cannibal-cry in this way, "Wip,
|
40 wip, wip!" when he was uttering the cannibal-cry. He had no
II
whistles. He danced, accompanying three I songs, besides the one
song with which he first came out of the mouth of liis sacred room,
|
the great head of the Head-without-Body. Wlien the last song was
|
at an end, he went back into the mouth of the sacred room of the
j
Head-without-Body.
||
45 As soon as he had gone in, the speaker of the great winter-dance
house spoke, and said, "O friend Xaxosenaso^ ! now you have
| |
seen your treasure. This is One-Man-Eater whom you saw dancing,
|
and tliis is your dancing-dress that you will wear on your face, and
j
this is the sacred room of the Head-without-Body. Now all this
50 shall go to you as your || treasure." Thus he said. "Now your
30 sex tsliigatsle g'okwa. Wa, la^mets doqwalalxEuu^x" gwegwalag'Ui-
"lasLa," ^nex''laexs laasa hamts!Ega^la lax iiLadza^yasa mawilexa
^niEgwilaxa x"omsasa bEgwanEme. Wii, hVlae aqElIle sEnisas g^axaasa
hamshftmtslEse nelEmx"^id lax awlLlExawa'yasa x^umse. Wa, g"axe
laltsia qa^s yEx^wIde. Wa, g'il'mese labe qlEmdEmas lae laeL et!ed
35 lax sEmsasa x'omse. Wii, k"!ese galaxs g'axae axamalaxa x'ilplE-
g"EXLala bEgwanEm hamsEmla. Wii, li¥lae hii'stalllElaxa laqawall-
lasa ^walase tsliigats'.e g'okwa. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise lii-stalilExs lae
xwelaqa laeL lax sEmsases mawlla x'omse. Wii, k'!es-Iat!a giilaxs
g'iixae et'.ed hiimtslEg'a^la laxes gwek' !iilasaxs wip wip wipxEJaaxs
40 hamts!alae. Wii, laEm kMoits mEdzets. Wii, laEm^lae yridilx"sEme
yix^wldayas q!Emq!EmdEma ogu-la liixa uEmsgEme q'.EmdEmsexs
g"alae g'ax=wultslix liix sEmsases mawlla ^wiilase x'omsa X^osalole.
Wii, gil^Em-hiwise q!ulbe alElUe dEnx-edayoxs lae laeLalax sEmsases
mawlla X'osalole.
45 Wii, g'il^Em^lawise laeLExs liia^lase yiiq'.Eg'a^le yayaqlEntEmelasa
^walase tsiigats!e g'okwa. Wii, L¥lae -neka: "Yul, qiist Xiixosena-
so^, la^raas doqulaxes Logwa-yos. HeEm Nanogwisexa liiyos dogul
yixwa. Wii, he'mis hiixLEnses la^yos dogul g"ax axEmes. Wii,
he^mis mawiltsa X'osalole. Wii, laEm ^wi4a la lol, qiist. LaEms
50 Logwalaq," ^nex-'lae. "LaEm LegadElts Niinogwise," ^nex-'lae.
noAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1133
name shall be One-Man-Eatcr." Thus he said. "Now, take good 51
|
care, friend Xaxosenaso^ ! when our great friend here, ^wilEnku-
]
lag'iHs, comes in, that you may observe all she does here." Thus
|
he said.
|
Then a woman came in, singing her sacred song in the door of the |1
great winter-dance house. She came in. Her clothing was made 55
|
entirely of hemJock-brauches, not like the clothing of One-Man-
Eater, whose head-ring was made of red cedar-bark, and also his
|
tieck-ring, his ! wristlets, and his anklets; but of hemlock-branches
was the head-ring of the war-dancer of ^wilEnktilag'ilis, and of
|
hemlock was her neck-ring, || and of hemlock were her armrings and 60
anklets. Her belt was made of hemlock twisted together. The
| |
ends of the hemlock-belt went down to her knees. As soon as she
]
came into the door of the great dancing-house, her sacred song was
|
sung. Then she danced, going towards the rear of the house;|| and 65
when the song ended, she turned towards the fire in the middle of
|
the great dancing-house. She spoke, and said, "O friends! come,
| |
one of you, to cut off my limbs and my head! Whoever shall do
|
this to me will obtain as his treasure this great dance, and myll treas- 70
ure, and my name, ^wilEnkulag'iHs." Thus she said. After she had
|
finished her speech, the speaker of the great winter-dancing house
|
Wa, la^mets yaL!EweL5}, qast, Xaxosenaso^, qo g'axeLgins ^nEmox"- 51
dzeg'a, ytxg'a ^wilEnkiilag"ilisg"a qa^s ^naxwa^meLos qiag'ex gwa-
lagilFlasLasg'a," ^nex'^lae.
Wii, g'ax^Em^lae g'ax^aLEleda yalaqlwala tslEdaq lax tlExilasa
^w'alase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, g'ax^lae gaxeLa. LaEm^lae ^naxwa 55
q!waxe gwelgwalas, k"!es he gwex'se gwelgwiilas Nanogwise, ylxs
^naxwa^mae LiagEkwes qEX'Ema^ye LE^wis qEnxawa^ye LE^wis qe-
qEx'ts!ana^ye LE^wis qeqExsldza^ye. Wa, la^lae q!waxe qEx^Ema-
^yasa tox^wide, jix ^wilEnkuIagilise. Wa, Ifi^lae q!waxe qEnxawa-
^yas. Wa, la^lae ^naxwaEm q!waxe qeqEX"ts!ana^yas LE^wis qeqEx'- 60
sldza^ye. Wa, la^lae yipEmakwa q !waxe, yix la qEnoyEwes. Wa,
la^lae g'ax^aLEla^me oba^yasa qEnoya-ye q!wax lax okwiix'a^yas.
Wii, gil^Em^lawise g'tixeL laxa tisxilasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'5kwa
laa^lase dEnx^idayowe yalaqQlayas. Wii, laEm^liiwise yo^nakflla
giiyolEla luxa ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise qlulbe q!Em- 65
dEmas lae LliisgEmx'^id liixa laqawalilasa ^walase ts!aga(s!e g'okwa.
Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "ya, ^ne^nEmokwai',
gelanok" las qa^s tlosEmodaosaxgin LasLalak' ^wi^la Logun x'omsEk",
yix heLa gwex"^idEl g'axEn, la^mese lal Logwalalgin ^walasEk' liida
Logiin Logweg'in LE^wun LegEme ^wIlEnkulag'ilise," ^nex"^lae.: Wa, 70
gipEin^awise q!wel^IdExs yaq!Ent!alae laa^lase yiiq !Eg"a-le yayaq!En-
temelasa ^walase ts!iigats!e g'okwa. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a; "YuL, qast
1134 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL luni. ann. SB
73 spoke, and said, "O friend I XaxosenSso^! come and cut ofT the limbs
of our friend here, and cut off her head, so that you may obtain
I
75 her 1| magic power." Thus he said. Then Xaxosen&s(3^ said at|
once, "1 shall do so, O friend;" and, as he said so, he stood up. He
|
was given a shell knife (the knife of the ancient people) ; and
|
Xaxosenaso^ walked, and stood in front of the I great war-dancer.
80 Then ^wllEukulag'ilis raised her || right hand ; and she said, "O
friend Xaxosenaso^ ! cut it off with my slioulder and throw it
| |
towards the door." Xaxosenaso^ cut off her shoulder and her whole
|
right arm; ! and after he had taken them off, he throw them towards
85 the door. || Tlien he cut off the left arm and shoulder and threw
them towards the door. Then the great war-dancer sat down on
I
the floor, and he cut off her legs and threw them about on the
|
floor. Then the great war-dancer told him to cut off her head; and
I
90 at once Xaxoseiiaso^ cut around her neck, and || took off her head
I
and threw it down. Now the limbs of the great supernatural one
were off, and her body just lay on the floor of the house. After
| |
Xaxosenaso^ had done so, he spoke, and said, "O friends! it is not
|
my wish, what I have done to our great friend: it was her own
|
95 wish that Isiiould do this || to her." Thus he said. Then he went
73 Xaxosonaso-, gelag'il la qa^s wag'aos tlosEmwiilaxg'a LasLalag'asgin
^nEmox"dzek" L6^ qa^s qax'^idaosaq qa^s weg'aos soEm Logwalaxg'a
75 ^nawalak!weneg'as,'' ^nex"^lae. Wii, la^lae hex'-ida^me Xaxosenaso^we
^nek'a: "HeLEn gwalaLe qasta," ^nex-laexs lae Lax^ullta. Wa,
laEm^lawise tslaso^sa gElts'.Eme, yix k'lawayasa g'ale bE-
gwauEma. Wa, la^lae qfis^ide Xaxosenaso^we qa^s la Laxumlilaxa
^walase tox^wida. Wa, ex'^Em^lawise ^wIlEukulag'ilise sag'ostotses
80 helk"!olts!ana^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "Wii, qast, Xaxosenaso^,
^wPloda^ma tlosodEq" LE^wun LaqludEnex qa's ts'.Ex-
stolilaosasox laxa tiEX'lla," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Xaxo-
senaso'we t!os-idEx Laq'.QdEnas qa^s 'wFlodek^ l6^ helk'!6ts!ana-yas.
Wii, g'il^Em^liiwise lawaxs lae ts!Exstolilas laxa tiEx'ila. AVii, la^lae
85 etod t!os-idEx gEmxotts!ana^yas l5^ Laq!udEnas qa^s ts lExstoliles
laxa t'.EX'ila. Wa, la^ae k!wag"alileda 'walase tox^wida. Wa,
la^lae ^wFla t!6sEmoyowe g'og'Eguyas qa^s gwel^alelEme. Wa,
la'laeda ^walase tox^wid ^nex' qa weg'is qax'^idEq. Wii, hex'^i-
da^Em^liiwise Xaxosenaso^we tlotse^stEudEx q!5q!onas. Wii, la^lae
90 lawEyodEx x'omsas qa^s tslEx^aliles. Wa, la^me ^wi^lawe LiisLaiasa
^walase ^nawalakwa. Wa, aEm'liiwise la ^mEgwile bEX"sas. Wii,
gil^Em^awise gwale XiLxosenaso^we lae yaq'.Eg'a^Ia. Wii, la^lae
^nek'a: "Yul, hamalEl ^ne-nEmok", nosawese naqa^yaxEu gwex''i-
daase lilxgins ^nemox"dzek' hSsmeg'aseq willdEma qEn he gwex'^i-
95 dEqEq," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g^il^Em^lawise la kiwiig'alil laxes klwaelase
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1135
and sat down at the place where he had heen seated before. Then
| 96
the body began to move. It rolled, and went rolling towards
where the head lay on the floor, and the head stuck
] on the body;
|
and the body rolled to where the two legs lay, and the}'
| stuck on;
and the body roUed to || where the arms lay, and they stuck on the 300
body. Then the great supernatural one arose and sang her sacred
I
song; and after she had iinislied her sacred song, she told the men
I
to beat time on the boards rapidly. Immediately they
| beat time;
and ^vilEPkiilag'ilis caught her supernatural power in
| her hands
and threw it down on the floor of the || great winter-dance house, 5
and the floor of the house began to be flooded. The fire in the
|
middle of the great winter-dance house went
| out, and therefore it
was dark inside. Then the speaker of the great
| winter-dance
house spoke, and said, "O friend XaxosenSso^! you obtained
| as your
treasure the two things || that you have seen—the hamshamts!E; 10
and his dress, and the name One-Man-Eater
j and his sacred rooms
and also this great magic power, the war-dance;
| and what you did
to her when you cut off her limbs; ana the flooding
[ of your house;
and also the dress, and the name ^wilEukulag'ihs.
] And this I teU
you; do not be afraid to have
II your limbs cut off when you are 15
asked to play by the great supernatural one, Head-Winter-Dancer;
|
for she has given to you the magic power of being
| cut to pieces. You
laa^lase qlwenalElile bEX"sas. Wa, la^lae loxulil qa^s la lax ^mEgwe- 96
^lasases x"omse. Wa, la^lae k!ut!aLElaxa x'omse laxes bEX"sawe.
Wii, la^lae loxulileda bEx"sS,we qa^s la lax k'atk'Ede^lasasa ma^le
g'og'Egiiya. Wa, laxae k!utEmg'aaLEla. Wii, LVlae lex'ElIlEla qa^s
le lax k'atk^Ede^lasases e^'eyasowe. Wa, lalaxae kliitEmg'aaLEla. 300
Wa, la^lae Lax^ulileda ^walase ^nawalakwa qa^s yalaqwe. Wa,
gipEm'lawise qlOlbe yalax"LEnas lae waxa qa LexEdzodesa ^naxwa
bEgwanEma. Wa, hex'^ida^m^lawise LexEdzoda. Wa, la^lae ^wIIeu-
kulag'ilise dasgEmdxa ^nawalakwe qa^s mEx^aliles lax awlnagwilasa
'walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, la^lae paol^ideda ^wape lax &wlna- 5
gwilasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm^lae k'lElx^ideda laqawalasa ^walase
ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wii, la^me plEdEg'ila. Wii, hcEm^Lawis la
yaqlEg'a^latsa yayaq lEntEmelasa ^walase ts!agats!e g^okwa. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'a: "Wa, qast, Xaxosenaso^ laEms Logwalaxes mal^edalos
dox^waLEtaxa hamshamtslEse LE^wis gwelgwiila LE^wis LegEme 10
Nanogwise LE^wis mawile. Wa, he^misa ^wiilase ^nawalakwa
tox^wide LE^wis layos gwex'^idaasEq, yixs laaqos tlosEmwiilax
LasLalas LE^wa paolaxes g'okwaos. Wa, he^misa yiilax"LEne. Wa,
he^misa LegEme, ylx ^wilEnkulag'ilise. Wa, ga^mesEu waldEmoL
qa^s k" !esaos k'llEla t !6sEmwalay5s LasLalaqos, qaso g'ax aEmlqlE- 15
wasosa ^walasa ^nawalakwe Ts !aqS,ma^ya, qaxs lE^maa^lasa ^nawala-
kwases t'.otlEtsIalasE^waos l^L. Wa, aEml^wits he gwayi^liilaLe
1136 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [kth. a.vn. 3o
will do as she did when she began to put on her arms and limhs."
|
Thus he said in the darkness. Xaxoscnaso^ never saw again the
| !|
20 house ana the men. The great I winter-dance house and all the
people disappeared, and Xaxosenaso^ was just sitting down on
j
the ground.
|
Then it occurred to him to go down the river that night. He
|
25 walked, and came to the II lower end of the cascade, and ho wished
to try to sing the sacred song of ^wllEnkulag'ihs, for he wished to
j
know it well before going to the village GEk' IexsueIs. Now he
|
sang it, and ' these are the words of the sacred song:
|
1. "1 was taken to the other side of the world, I was taken to the
30 other side of the world, || by the great supernatural power.
I was taken to the other side of the Avorld by the great super-
natm-al power.
j |
2. "I received everything, I received everything, from the great
supernatural power. I receivedI everything from the great
supernatural power. We, we!
|
3. "I have everything, I have everything, belongmg to his super-
35 natural power. |l I have everything, I have everything,
belonging to his supernatural power. We, we!
|
|
As soon as the sacred song was at an end, he felt very happy,
|
because he knew the words of the sacred song, and on account of
18 ^gwayi^lalasasexs lae k!iitEmg'aaLEla LasLaliis," ^nex'-'lae laxa j)!EdE-
kila. Wil, laEm^lae hewiixa et!ed dox^waLEle Xaxosenaso^waxa
20 g"okwe LE^wa bebEgwauEm. W&, laEm^lae xis^ededa ^walase tslii-
gats!e g'ok" LE^wa ^naxwa bebEgwauEma. Wa, laEm^lae Xaxosena-
so^we aEm la k!was laxa awinak!usq!ala-ine.
Wa, laEm^lae g"Ig"aex^id qa^s lalag"i nekwatosElaxa ^waxa ganoLe.
Wa, laEm^hlwise qas'ida. Wa, gib'Em-'lawise g'ax^aLEla lax gwa-
25 ^yasa k' !amadzena laaEl ^nex" qa-'s weg-i mEus-Id dEux-etsa yilla-
qiilayas ^wIlEnkQlagilise qaxs ^netae qa^s alak'iale q!aLElaq qo lal
laxes g'okulase GEk' !ExsdElse. Wa, laEm^lawise yalaqwa. Wii,
g'a^mes qtxyatsa yalax"LEnaseg'a:
1. QwesEuxEledzEmx-dEn, lax'dEu qwesEnxsledzEms henoma
30 ^nawalakwii. Lax"dEn qwesEuxEledzEmseya aik'as ai ai ^nawa-
lakwa.
2. ^wFl6LElesax"dEn, lax'dEn ^wi^loLElesax ^nEnwalak!wenaek"asa,
g'axdEn ^wFloLEleisa^yaqeya ai ai aik'as ^nawalakwii, we we.
3. ^naxoLElisax'dEu, g^axdEu ^naxoLElisayax ^nEnwalak!wenaek"a-
35 saheyas, g'axdEn ^naxoLElisaqeyas ai ai aik'as ^nawalakwa, we
we.
Wa, g'lFEm^lawise q!iilbe yillaqidaena^yasexs laaEl alak'!ala ek'es
naqa^yaxs lae q!ala ^wi^lax qaqEyasasa yalax"LEne LE-'wis ^naxwaEl
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1137
his different treasures. Tiien it occurred to him that he would go ||
I
in front of the house of his father and sing his sacred song before 40
daylight, so that his father might hear him. Then he started, for
\
the house was not far away; and as soon as he came to the beach]
in front of the house, he walked out to the sea and sang his sacred
|
song. Immediately Waxap lalaso^ heard him, and he recognized|
the voice of his prince Xaxosen&so-. He was singing his sacred 45|1
song. Then he arose from his bed and went out of his house.
| |
Now he really recognized the voice of his prince. \ He went to the
houses of his tribe, and called the people to come to his house.
j
Daylight had not nearly come yet, |1 when they all came; and 50
Waxap !alaso^ talked to his | tribe, the ancestors of the LeLEged of the
Great-Kwakiutl' and asked them to capture Xaxosenaso^. Thus he
|
said. His tribe agreed at once to do what he said. They took
I
their batons and the boards, and the men went out of || the house. 55
|
As soon as they were all outside, they started, and went down toI
the beach at low tide. Now it was full daylight, therefore they|
could see Xaxosenaso^. He was walking in the water. ' All the men
stood in a row, and they beat rapid time. Xaxosenaso^ came|
ashore at once when he heard the beatmg. When he came, he 60il
ogiiqala Logwa^ya. Wa, la^lae ^nenk' lex^Id qa^s la qas-ida qa^s la lax
L'.asagwisas g'okwases ompaxa k'.es^Em ^nax'^ida qa^s la yalaqwa laq 40
qa wuLElas ompaseq. Wa, la^lae qas^ida qaxs k"!esae qwesale
g"5kwas. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lag'aa lax LlEma^isases g'okwaxs lae
qaqasamak" laxa dEmsx'e. Wa, la^lae yalaqwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm-
^lawise Waxap !alas5^ wuLax^aLElaq. Wa, la-lae ^maltlexsdeqexs
he-maes Lawulgama^ye Xaxosenaso^wa yalaq'.wala. Wii, la^lae 45
he-x4daEm Lax^ulil laxes ku^lelase qa^s le lawEls laxes g'okwe.
Wa, lawisLa lae ahik"!ala ^malt'.exsdEudqexs he^maes Lawiilgama^ye,
wa, la-'lae laLlEs-id lax g'ig'okwases g'okulote, qa^s -'wPle gwex^-idEq
qa g^axes^wi^la hogweL lax g'okwasxa k'!es^Em ex'ala qa-s ^nax'^ide.
Wa, gax^lae ^wi^laexa. Wa, laEm^lawise ^nek'e Waxap !alas6^ hixes 50
g'okulota g'aliisa ^iiE^memote LeLEgedesa ^walasKwag'ul' qa^shex'^i-
da^me k"lmyax Xaxosenaso^we, ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
^naxwa ex'^ak'e g'okulotasex waklEmas. Wa, la^lae &x^etsEweda
tiEmyayo LE^wa saokwe. Wa, la^lae ^wPla hoquwElseda bebEgwa-
UEme laxa g"okwe. Wa, g"il^Em^lawise g'ax ^wi^lEWElsa lae qas^ida 55
qa^s la ^wFlEnts'.es laxa L'.Ema^isexa x'atslaese, yixs lE^mae q'.iilx'^id
^nax"^ida, lag'ilas doqiilaEnax Xaxosenaso^waxs lae qaqasamak'a.
Wa, la^ae yipEmg'aliseda ^naxwa bebEgwaiiEm qa^s ^uEmax'^ide
LexEdzoda. Wa, liex'^idaEin^lawise g'axe Xaxosenaso^we aLc^staxs
g-alae wuLilx^aLElaxa la LexEdzoda. Wa, laEm^lae k' !es ^na^nawa- 60
' This should be Q!6mk'!ut!Es; however, since this division is much reduced in numbers and has joined
the ^walas Kwag-uf they are generally counted with them
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 23
1138 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
61 (lid not sliow tliat he had magic power. Xaxosenaso' and all the
I
men came up the beach. They just heat rapid time as they were
|
coming up the heach; they beat time four times. Then I they all
went into the house. He never told his father about his treasure. ||
65 And Xaxosenaso^ just listened to his tribe when they talked about
j
the great magician Head-Winter-Dancer; for the ancestors of the
j
numaym LeLEged were expecting him wlio would soon come, him
who was looking for some one with wliom to play in theuse of magic
]
power. Xaxosenaso^ just listened to what they said. Xaxo-
I
70 senaso^ was intending to startle his tribe when they should come toII
Iqiow his treasure, when ' Heatl-Winter-Dancer should arrive;
therefore he kept quiet, and sat down ! in the rear of the house.
|
Now all the men went out of the house, and many people asked
j
75 one another why || Xaxosenaso-' had been singing a sacred song.
They were forbidden by some men, who said, "'Don't talk that\
way! Don't make fun of Xaxosenas6^ who was singing a sacred
song! for we do not know what treasure he may have obtained."
\
Thus thev said.
|
When it was four days after Xaxosenaso^ had come home to|
80 CiEk' !ExsdEls, he went away into the water || at the mouth of the
river TslElgwad mornings and evenings: and the nien were afraidI
of what might be done by the great supernatural Head-Winter-
]
61 lax"sEmaxs g'axae. Wa, g'ax-lae hox^wusdesEla ^naxweda bebE-
gwauEme lo- Xaxosenasowe. Wa, aEm^lawise la LexEdz5dnaxwaxs
g-axae aLolisEla la-laa qa-'s mop!Ene LexEdzoda. Wii, hVlae laeL
laxa g'okwe ^wPla. Wii, laEurlae liewiixaEm nelases Logwa-ye laxes
65 ompe. Wa, aEm-lawise la hoLele Xaxosenaso^waxes g'okiilotaxs lae
gwagwexs-ala liixa 'wiilasa ^nawalakwe Ts!aqSuia-ye, yixs lE'mae
nak' !aiaxa g aliisa -nE-'memotasa LCLEgedaqe hiEm Elaq neludaxa ala
qa's amlnviit lax ^nawalalcwa bEgwauEma, ^nex'-lae. Wii, aEm'la-
wise XiixosEnilso-wc hoLelax waldEmas. Wii, he-'lat!a naqes Xaxo-
70 senaso'we qa odax'idameltses gokulote cjIiil-aLElaLEx L6gwa\vas cjo
g'axLe Ts!iiqiima'ye. Wit, he-mis lag'ilas aEm q!weLale laxes k!wa-
e'lasa dgwiwalllasa g'okwe.
Wii, laEm-lawise ho<iuwElseda -iiii.xwa bebEgwanEm laxa g'okwe.
Wii, laEm^lae q!enEma bebEgwauEme waLap!ax lag'ilas 3'iilaqille
75 Xaxosenriso'we. Wii, la'lae bnlaso^sa waokwe bEgwanEm qa kleses
he gwek!rda la aEmlatas yiihiciillaena'yas Xiixosenaso-'we, "qaxg'ins
k'!es^mek' q!iil-aLElax Logwa^j^axs," ^nex'^lae.
Wii, g'11-Em-liiwise m6p!Enxwa^se Xaxosenaso^we la uii^nakwa
liixes g'okwe liix GEk'lExsdElse. Wii, laEm-lae liemEniilaEm la-sta
80 lax ox"siwa^yasa ^was Tslfilgwadexa gegaiila LE^wa dziidzEqwa.
Wii, laEm^lac ^ntlxwa k'Ik'aleqEleda bebEgwiinEmas gwex'^idaasLasa
-'waiasa -nawalakwe Ts!iiqama-'ya qo g'axLo. Wii, g'lpEm-'lawise
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1139
Dancer, if he should come. When Xaxosenaso^ had been in his 83
|
house for four days, in the evening they saw a canoe coming, being
|
moved by paddles. They came, and told Chief Waxap !alas6^.!1 85
Immediately Xaxosenaso^ asked Waxap !alaso^ to clear the 1
]
floor of his house, " for this is my friend Head-Wmter-Dancer who|
has been seen coming." Thus said Xaxosenaso^ to his father
Waxap !alas5«. Immediately Waxap lalaso^ asked his tribe to || .
|
clear the floor of his house, and the people cleared the floor of his 90
\
liouse. Then Waxap !a]as6^ and his tribe were very glad; for
|
indeed they guessed that Xaxosenaso-" had found a treasure, for
|
otherwise he would not have asked his father to clear his house.{
As soon as the house had been cleared, there were people talking ||
standing in the canoe in front of the village; and (one of them) 95
said, "I only come to notify you, great tribe, that our great|
I
friend the powerful Head-Winter-Dancer has arrived. I have
come to ask you to take care. Go and purify yourselves ciuickly !
I |
When you have done so, I shall go and paddle for them, and ask
them to come to-day; traveling-canoes of our tribe are 400|| for the
at anchor on the other side of the point Burnt-Point." Thus he
|
said.
I
Immediately the ancestors of the numaym LeLE^cd were asked
by Waxap lalaso^ to go into the water at the mouth of the river
I
moplEiixwa^se Xaxosenaso^we mexa laxes g'okwe, wa, laEm^lawise 33
dzaqwaxs lae dox^waLEla gwasx'tila sio^nakula xwak!una. Wa,
g'ax^lae nelasE^wa g'lgama^ye Waxap lalaso^ Wa, hex-idaEnrla- §5
wise Xaxosenaso^we axk'lalax Waxap !alaso-'we qa exHvItsE^wes awi-
nagwilasa g'okwe, " qaxs yu^meg'in ^UEmokwa, yix Ts'.aqama^ya
g axax dogula," ^nex'^lae Xaxosenaso-'waxes ompe Waxap lalaso^we.
Wa, hex'-idaEm^awise Waxap '.alaso^we axk-'.alaxes g'okiilote qa
g'axes ekwax awlnagwilases g'okwe. Wa, hex'^daEin^lawise g'ax 90
^wi^le g'okiilotas ekwaxa awinagwilasa g'okwe. Wii, laEm^ae ek'e
naqa-yas Waxap !alaso-'we LE-"wis g'okulote, qaLaxs Is-'mae k'otax
Xaxosenaso^we laEm Logwala, lalaxs axk' lalaxes ompe qa ekwa-
SE^wesa g'okwe. Wa, g'ilEm^lawise gwal ckwaxs laa^lasa yaq'.Entlala
Laxiixs hixa xwakluna hangEmalisxa g'okula. Wa, la%e ^nek'a: 95
" A^niEn g'ax hanalg'iwa^ya, ^walas lelciwtilaLe^, ylsa ^walasa Logwa-
laxEns ^uEmokwadzae Tslaqftma^ya. Wii, la^mesEn g'ax q^n q!a-
q!aq!EmlaoL qa^s ^naxwa^maos g'lg'iltalax'^Ida halabala. Wa,
qaso gwaLO la^mesEn lal sex"bEndElqe qa g'axlag'iltsexwa ^nalax
qaxs he^maa mExale yae'yats!asEnu-x" g'okulotaeda awilba^j'exa 400
ijEgEgwIlbala lax qwesodilba^yas," 'nex'^lae.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa g'alasa^iiE^memotasa LCLEgede axk'Ialaso^s
Waxap lalaso^we qa^s HvFle la la-'sta laxa ox"siwa^yas -wiis Ts lElgwade.
1140 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
TslKlgwad, aiul Xaxosenaso^ went also into the water. When ||
I
5 the speech of the speaker in the canoe was at an end, he paddled
back. After the ancestors of the nnmaym Lei.Eged had been in
|
I
the water, they went into the house of Wa.xap !alaso^; | and Xaxo-
seuaso^ sat down in the rear of the house, I listening to what the
10 tribe said, for the tribe was really afraid of the || reports about the
great supernatural man Head-Winter-Dancer. Now Xaxosenaso^
|
knew that several men referred to him, because he had been in the
|
woods for four years. He had come home, and they had never seen
|
his treasure, therefore the foolish ones among his tribe were sick
j
15 at heart, !| but many wise men of the tribe of Xaxosenaso^ saia
i
that they had faith iu Xaxosenaso^, although he did not talk about
]
the reason why he had been siiiging his sacred song when he first
came home, and the wise men knew that he had a great treasure
|
|
20 and his father Waxap!alas6^ giiessed that his ll prince Xaxosen^so^
had obtained a great treasure, when he asked his father to clear
|
out the floor of his house; for he was really glatl when tliey first
learned that the great supernatural man, Head-Winter-Dancer,
|
was coming. As soon as the talking of his tribe became less, a
|
25 man who belonged to his tribe came in. He stood in the |1 door-|
way of the house of Waxap lalaso^, and spoke. ! The great super-
Wa, laEm^lawise ogwaqe Xaxosenaso^we la^sta, yixs a^mae q'.iilbe
5 waldEmasa yaq Isntultala laxa xwak!una bEgwanEmxs lae aedaaqa
sex^wida. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise gwal la^sta ^wHe g'aliisa ^nE^memo-
tasa LCLEgedaxs laa^l ^wi^la hogweL lax g'okwas Waxap lalaso^we.
Wa, aEm^lawise Xaxosen&so-we lak'.wiigalll laxaogwiwalllasa g'okv/e
hoLelax waldsmases g'okulote qaxs alak'Ialae k"ilEles g'okulotas
10 tslelwExXEnasa ^walase ^nawalak" bEgwanEme Ts!iiqama^ye. Wa,
laEm^lae Xaxosenaso^we q'.aLElaEmxs he-mae "ne^nak'iltsa waokwe
bEgwauEma, yixs lax'de mox^unxela g'iyak'Ela laxa aL'.e. Wii,
g"axe nii^nak" laxes g'okwe. Wii, la hewilxa laEm x'its'.Enle Logwa-
^yas. Wa, he^mes tslEUEms neniiqa-yasa nesnEuolo lilx g'okulotas.
15 Wa, laLe qleuEma nenagade bebEgwanEms g'okul5tas XaxosenS,-
so^we ^nex'qcxs heleqElaas Xuxosenaso^waxs k' !esae o;w5gwex"s^ala
laxes lag'ila yiilaqiilaxa gilx'dEmas gax na'iiakwa. Wii, he'mis
cilalag'iltsa nenagade bebEgwilnEmqexs ^walasaes Logwa^ya. Wa,
he^mes k'St'.edaats ompase Wiixap '.alaso^waq ^wiilase Logwa-yases
20 Lawiilgama-'ye Xiixoseni\so^waxs he^x'^ida-mae sixk alaxcs ompe qa
ekwasE^wes awlnagwilasa gokwe, ytxs alae molaxs g"alae q'.illaxa
^wtilasa ^nawalak" bEgwiinEme Ts'.iiqiima^yaxs g'ilx^mae. Wit, g'il-
^Em^lawise ts!exii^nakide waldEmas gokulotas g'iixaasa bEgwiinEme.
g'.axeLa g'ayol liix g'okulotas. Wii, hVlae Lax"st6lita liixa awlLEliisa
25 tlExiliis g'okwas Wiixaplalaso^we. Wii, la-'lae yaqlEg'a^la. Wii,
la^lae ^'nek'eda ^wiilase^nawalak" bEgwiinEme Ex'ag'ide, qaxs he^mae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1141
natural man Ex'ag'id—for that was the name of the shaman who 27
|
had come and was standing in the door of the house— said, ''Now,
|
keep silent, tribe! that I may speak about what the supernatural
power says to me about our friend ^vvilEnkulag'ihs, who |l has great 30
|
magic power, and whom you call Xaxosenaso^, tribe ! 1 shall be
!
liis attendant. Thus said my supernatural power, because I am
a cruel man. Just don't move, tribe! 1 am told by this super-
| |
natural power that Head-Winter-Dancer will first use his super-
|
natural power, and we shall just look on. Wlien they haye finished, ||
then our great friend ^wilEnkulag'ilis will change places with him, 35
and you will use well your batons." Thus he said. When his
|
speech was at an end, all sat down by the side of ^wIlEnkulag"ilis,
|
and they wluspered together. Then they were all happy—Chief
|
Waxap !alaso^ and his tribe. The supernatural man || and Ex'ag'id,
| 40
and ^wllEnkfdag'ilis had not been sitting together for a long time—
for now I stop caUing him Xaxosenaso^— when ^wllEnkulag' ills|
1
arose and went out of the house. He went back into the woods;
and Ex'ag'id alone sat down at the place where they had been
I
sitting, and he gaye instructions to his tribe to take care of all
|
the 11 ways, of what they would do with the great supernatural man, 45
Head-Winter-Dancer. Thus he said. Wlien he had just stopped
|
speakmg, a man came in, reporting that many canoes were
\ j
LegEmsa paxalaxa g'axe Eax''stalil laxa t!Ex"ilasa g'okwexa ^nek'e: 27
" Weg'aEmasL tsEmotalax g'okulot qEn yaq!Ent!alesg'a waldEmg'as
^nawalakwa g'iixEn qaEns ^nEm6x"dzex laxox ^wilEnkulagilisexxwa
^walasex ^nawalakwaxos gwE^yaqos Xaxosen&so^wa g-Qkulot. Wii, 30
nogwaEm^El uExwalaLEci", ^nek^e ^nawalakwa yin, yixgin wayadek'
bEgwanEma. Wit, aEmlwits k' !eas yawinalaLos g"6ku]ot. Wa, Ieu
-nex'so^s ^nawalakwa qa he^misg'ali^lalaxa ^walasa ^nawalakwe Ts!a-
qama^ya. Wa, laLEns ^Eml x'its!ax'llalqe wiix'i gwalallL. Wii,
laLEns ^nEmox"dzex L!ayogulilxox ^wIlEnkulagilisex. Wii, la^mets 35
aEmt aek" !aLExs t!Emyayaq6s," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise q!iilbe
wiildEmasexs lae k!wanodzElilax ^wilEnkuIagihse qa^s awilpale.
Wa, laEm^lae 'naxwa ek'!ex^ededa g'lgama^ye Waxap!alaso^we
LE^wis g'dkiilote. Wii, k' !es^lat !a gael k!iidzeleda ^nawalakwe bEgwa-
UEme Ex'ag'ide lo^ ^wIlEukuhig'iiise (qaxg'in la^mek' gwal LeqElas 40
Xaxosenaso^we laq). Wii, hVlae Lax^filile ^wIlEnkiilagilise qa^s lii
lawElsa laxa g'okwe qa^s la aLe^sta laxa aL!e. Wii, aEm^layyise la
lex'ael-'Em la k!waele Ex-agide liixes k!wae^lase. Wii, laEm^kxe
Lexs^iilaxes g'okulote qa a^mes 'naxwa yaL!a laxes ^naxwaLa qa^s
gwegwalagilllasL LE^wa ^walasa ^nawalak" bEgwanEme Ts!iiqama^y6, 45
'nex"^lae. Wii, hcEm^lawis ales qlwei^ed yaq!Ent!rdaxs g'iixaasa
g'axeLe bEgwauEm ts!EkMalElaxs g'ax^mae g"axawIlEleda qietsiax-
1142 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. 35
coming across. Those were the ancestors of the tmmavni Meinogwins
of the Qweq"sot!enox^. As soon as they arriAcd at the heacli,
I
50 Waxap!alas5 |! invited them to come and eat in his house; and at
once all the canoes came ashore, and the [visitors] went up the beach,
I
I
walking behind the great supernatural man, Head-Winter-Dancer.
!
All wore head-rings and neck-rings of red cedar-bark, and they
|
55 went into the house of Waxap !alaso^. The || great supernatui-al
man, Head-Winter-Dancer, did not allow his tribe to sit in the
rear ol the house. He wanted his tribe to sit next to the door
I |
of the house, and Waxap !alas6^ and his tribe were sitting in the rear
of the house. I Thus he said. And the ancestors of the numaym
]
60 LeLEged obeyed his wishes, for || Head-WinteJ'-Dancer meant that
they should sit at the door of the house ol Waxap !alaso^, in order
|
to drive them back if the tribe of Waxap !alaso^ shouldj try to
escape when they were frightened by his playing. That is why
|
Head-Winter-Dancer wished the ancestors of the i.eLEged to sit
[ in
the rear of the house. Then the crew of Head-Winter-Dancer ate. I!
65 He himself did not eat. After the tribes had eaten, the great|
supernatural head--\vinter-dancer arose naked; and at once one
|
|
man arose also, and asked for batons from W^axap lalaso^. Tlicn he
|
70 was given many batons, and at once || the man distributed the
48 moLa^ye xwaxwak'.una, yixa g"alasa ^nE^memotasa Memogwins yisa
Qweq"s5t!enox". Wa, giPEm^lawise g'ax^alisa lae Waxap !alaso^we
50 LelHIhodEq qa g'axes ^wrta LJEXwa lax g'okwas. Wa, la^lae hex'^i-
daEm ^wi^la hSxHvidta laxes yae^yats'.e qa^s la hox^wiisdcsEla laxa
LlEma^ise ElxLaleda ^walase ^nawalak" bEgwanEme Ts'.iiqama^j^e.
^naxwaEl L'.agEkwes qEx'Ema^ye LE=wis qEnxawa^ye. Wa, la^lae
hogwiL lax g'okwas Waxap '.alaso^we. Wii, la^lae k'!es helqlaleda
55 «w&lase 'nawalakwe Tslaciama^yaxes gokiilotehe kliis-'alila ogwiwali-
lasa g'okwe, yixs haasl gwE^yos qa k!us^ali^latses g'okulota ostali-
lasa g'okwe qa he^mesLas la Waxap '.alaso^wa ogwiwalilases g^okwe
LE^wis g'oktilote, ^nex-'^lae. Wii, lit nanageg'eEm^lawjsa g-aliisa
'nE^memotasa LeLEgedit waldEms, yixs hae ^ne^nak'ilts Tsliiq^-
60 ma^ye qa^s hii kliis^iilila ostalilasa g'okwas Wflxap!ala-
so^we qa^s a^mel k'iikimyalaLEx waxxa heltsixlts g'okidotas
Waxap '.alaso^we, qo lal k'il^idElts am^leneLas. Wii, hc^mis
lao-ilas -nek'e Tsliiqama^ye qa has ^wPla kliidzela g'alasa lble-
gede ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wa, laEm^lawise L'.Exweda ^wPla leElotas
65 Ts'.aqama^ye. W"a, lalaLa k'!es L!aL!awalax hae. Wii, g'ipEm^la-
wise gwal L'.EXweda lelqwalaLa^ye laa^lase Eiix^ulilcda ^walase ^nawa-
lakwe' Ts'.iiqama^ye xa-'nala. Wii, liex'idaEm-iawisa -'nEmokwe bE-
gwanEm Liix^iilil ogwaqa qa^s lil diik'Iiilax tlEmj^ayii lax Wtixap'.a-
laso^we. Wa, lil^lae ts'.aso^sa q!enEme t!et!Emyaya. Wii, hex'^ida-
70 Em^lawiseda bEgwanEme la ts'.awanaesasa tIetlEmyayo laxes g'okfi-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1143
batons among his tribe. Then at once they beat rapid time; and
] 71|
Head-Winter-Dancer got his supernatural power, and tlirew it. on
the floor of the house. At once water welled up from the floor of
|
tlio house and flooded it. || Tlien the fire in the middle of the house 75
I
was extinguished, and the water receded, and the floor of the house
|
became dry. Waxaplalaso^ and his tribe never moved, ,' although
|
they were up to the waist in water, and when the floor of the house
|
was dry again, they re-arranged the fire in the middle of the hotise,
||
and it blazed up. Then the great supernatural man, Head- 80
]
Winter-Dancer, told them to cut off his head; and immediately
|
one of the tribe of Head-Winter-Dancer—his name is not known—
|
arose, took his shell knife, and went to the place where Head-Winter-
Dancer was standmg and cut off his head. As soon as it was off,
| ||
the man went around the fire, carrying the head and after he had
; | 85
gone around four times, he put it on where it had been before, and
|
Head-Wintcr-Dancer arose as a whole man. Then he sat down,
| for
he had fhiished. Then the man who had| cut off his head spoke,
and said, || "O friends of my side! I want these our friends to see
| 90
this great supernatm'al Head-Winter-Daiicer.'' Tlius he said.
)
And at that time a sacred song was sung in the house of Waxap !a-
laso^.
I
lote. Wa, hex''idaEm^lawise ^nEmax'^id LexEdzoda. Wa, la^lae 71
Ts'.aqama^ye dasgEmdxa ^nawalakwe qa^s mEx^alile laxa g'okwe.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise q!olEmg"ustaweda ^wape lax awinagwilasa
g'okwe. Wa, la^me paolElileda ^wape lax awlnagwilas. Wa,
g'il^Eui^lawise ^wi^la kMllx^ideda laqawalll laa^lase xutlEx'^ideda 75
^wape. Wii, la^me xwelaqa lEmxwallle awinagwilasa gokwe. Wa,
hewaxaEm^lawise yawixihle Waxap !alaso^we i.E^wis g'okiilote wax'-
^mae la t'.et'.Ebo^yolIlxa ^wape. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lEmxwallle ftwl-
nagwllasa g'okwaxs lae x"ax'eq!Ex'itsE-we laqawalllasa g"okwe.
Wii, g'll^Em^lawise x'iqostaxs laeda 'walase ^nawalak" bEgwauEme 80
Tslaqama^ye ^nex" qa^s qax'itsE^we. Wa, hex'^daEm^lawise i.ax^u-
llleda g'ayole lax g'okiilotas Tsliiqama^ye (la^me kMescjIale LegE-
mas,) dalaxa qlEltslEme qa's le lax LawFlases TsUkiama^ye. Wa,
la^lae qax'^idcjexs La^wllae. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise lawii x"omsas lae
qiis^ideda bEgwiinEme diilaxa xEweqwe lii^stalilElaxa laqawalile. 85
Wa, he^lat!a la mop lene^stalilExs lae xwelaqa ax^aLElots liixes
axalaase. Wa, la^me xwelaqa la sEualax'^id bEgwanEme Ts!aqa-
ma^ye laxeq. Wii, laEm-'lae k!wiig"alila qaxs lE^mae gwiila. Wa,
la^lae yiiqlEg'a^leda bEgwanEme, yixa qak'aq. Wii, la^lae ^nek"a:
"Wa, nos, ^ne^nE^mok", qaLaxg'ins a^mek' ^nex' qa dox^waLElesEns 90
^ne^nEmokwaxg'ada ^wiilasEk' ^nawalakwa laxg'a Tsliiqamek"," ^nex"-
-laexs laa^lasa yalaq'.iig'a^la liixa iiLana^yas g'okwas Wilxap !alaso^.
1144 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
Immediateh- Ex'agid arose from his seat, and spoke. He said,|
95 " Now you have finished, great tribe ! Come to the rear of the house,II
and let me and my tribe go to the door, so that you may also
|
witness our supernatural power." Thus he said. Immediately the an-|
cestors of the numaym Memogwins went to the rear of the house,|
and the numaym LeLEged went to the door of the house, and they|
500 sat down. Then they all beat rapid time, and ^vilEnkiilag'ihsI! |
sang his sacred song: "I was taken to the other side of the world, I
was taken to the other side of the world, by the great supernatural|
power. I was taken to the other side of the world, ai, ai, by the
|
supernatural power," and the other words. Then he came into the|
5 house of his father, Waxap !alas6^ His dress was made of || hem-
lock-branches. His tribe beat rapid time. And when he had gone
|
around the fire in the middle of the house, he caught his super-|
natural power, and threw it on the floor of his house. Immedi-
ately water welled up from the floor of the house, and it only|
I
stopped rising when it had put out the fire in the middle of the II
10 house. Then it went down again, and the floor of the house was|
dry. They built up the fire in the middle of the house; and as|
soon as it blazed up, ^wllEukulag'ilis spoke, and said, "O friends!|
15 let one of you come to cut off my limbs;" thus he said, || and at
I
93 Wa, hex'-idaEm^lawise Ex'ag'ide Lax^iilTl laxes k'.waelase qa^s
yaqlEg'a^e. Wa, IsVlae ^nek'a: "Wa, laEms gwala, ^'walas lelqwa-
95 laLe^ Wa, gelag'a laxg^ada ogwiwalllEk' qEU la Logun g'okulotEk"
laxw'a ostalilex qa^s ogwaqaos x'ltslax'^IdExg'in nosEk' ^nawalakwa,"
^nex'^lae. Wii, hex'-'idaEm-lawisa g'alasa ^nE'memotasa Memogwins
la lag-Eyolil laxa ogwiwallle. Wa, la-iac lastolile ^nE^memotasa
LBLEgede laxa ostalilasa g'okwe. Wii, g-ii-'Eui'lawise ^wPla k!us-rili-
500 Iexs lae hex'^idaEm ^naxwa LexEdzoda. Wa, la^me yillaqiile ^wilEn-
kulag"ilisas5x: "QwesEnxEledzEmx'dEn, lax"dEn qwesEnxEledzEms
henonia ^nawalakwa. Lax'dEn qwesEuxEledzEmsea aik'as ai ai
^nawalakwa," le-'wIs waokwa qaqEyasa. Wa, g'ax^'Em^lac g'axcLa
lax g'okwases ompe Waxap laiaso^we. Wa, laEm^lae ^naxwaEm
5 qlwaxe gwelgwaliis. Wii, laEm^lae LexEdztVye gokulotas. Wa.
gil^EniMawise ^uEmplEne-stalllxa laqawalllaxs lae dasgEradxa ^nawa-
lakwe qa^s niEX'allles lax awlnagwilases g"okwe. Wii, hex'^idaEm-
^lawise q!olEmg'ustaweda ^wape liix ivwinagwilasa g'okwe. Wii,
iil^Em^liiwise gwal paol^nakiilaqexs lae k" '.Elx'^'idaxa laqawalilasa
10 gokwe. Wii, la^lae xwelaqa xut!Ex'^ideda ^wiipe. Wii, la^me xwe-
laqa lEmxwalTleda iiwmagwilasa g'okwe. Wii, lii-lae x'iix'eqlE-
x'^itsE^weda laqawallle. Wii, g'll-'Em'liiwise x'iqostaxs Laa-lase yiiq!E-
g'a^le ^wIlEnkiilag'Ilise. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a: "YiiL, ^ne^uEmok", gela-
g'ax'i ^nEm5kwa lax'da^xoL qa t '.osEmw.alaxg'm LiisLiilak'," ^nex'^lae.
15 Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Ex'ag'ide lii lax La^we^lasas ^wilEnkiilag'ilise
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1145
once Ex'ag'id went to where ^wllEnktilag'ilis was standing. He 16|
carried his shell knife, knd said, " Your words are good, great friend. \
I am cruel. Therefore I shall do according to your wish, Super-
natural-One. Let me do it!" Thus he said, and he cut around the
I
shoulder-blade so that it remained attached to the right arm. He|
cut it off and threw it toward the door; and he took off the left 20||
arm and tlirew it down in front of the place where Head-Winter-|
Dancer was seated; and he cut off the right leg at the hip, and|
threw it down not far from where Head-Winter-Dancer was|
seated ; and he cut off the left leg and threw it down; and finally he|
cut off his head, and threw it down not far from where Ex'ag'id 25|| |
was standing. And it was not long before the body moved and|
rolled toward where the head lay. And when it came to it, the|
head stuck to the body, and it rolled toward the place where the|
right leg lay, and it stuck || on; and it rolled to where the left leg 30
lay, and it stuck; and it rolled to where the right arm lay, and|
I
it stuck on; and he arose and walked back to his left arm, and|
stuck it on. And after he had done so, Head-Winter-Dancer and ll
|
his tribe ran out of the house, and went aboard their canoes, and 35\
they escaped from ^wilEnkiilag'ilis. Now they were all going home.
They were ashamed, because Head-Winter-Dancer had been over-
|
come by ^wilEnkulag'ilis.
J
dalaxa qlElts'.Eme. Wa, la^lae ^nek^a: " Ek'es waldEmos, ^Emox"- 16
dzek'as. NogwaEm wayada. La^mesEn weg'll lax waklEmas, ^nawa-
lakwa, qEii gweg'ilasoL," ^nex'^laexs lae' t los^idsx pElots!as qa axa-
les lax helk' !6ltsEyap '.ayasexs lae t!6s6dEq qa-s ts!Exstollle laxa
tiEX'ila. Wa, la^lae etodxa gEmx6ltsEyap!a-yas qa^s ts!Ex^aIIleq 20
laxa L'.asalila klwae^lasas Tslaqama^ye. Wil, la^lae t!osodEx helk" !6l-
tsidza-ya g'ag'iLEla lax onolg'a^yas qa^s tslEx^alile laxakMese qwe-
sala laxaax klwae^lasas Ts!aqama^ye. Wa, la'laxae etodEx gEmxol-
tsTdza^yas qa^s ts'.Ex^aliles. Wa, la^lae alElxsdalaxs lae qax'^idEq-
Wa, la^lae tslEx^alilasa xEweqwe laxa k'!ese qwesala lax LawFlasas 25
Ex'ag'ide. Wa, k'les^lat'.a gael ^niEgwila bux"sas lae q'.wenalElila
qa^s la len^nakula lax -megwFlasasa x'omsas. Wa, g'tl^Em^lawise
lag'aa laqexs lae k!ut!aLEleda x'omse laxes biix^sowe. Wa, la^lae
len^nakula lax k'ade^lasases lielkMoltsidza^ye. Wa, la^laxae k'.iitla.
LEla. Wa, la^lae len^nakula lax k'ade^lasases gEmxoltsedza-ye. Wii, 30
la^laxae k!ut!aLEla. Wa, la^lae len-'nakula lax k"ade^lasases helk'lol-
tsEyapIa^ye. Wa, la^lae k!ut!aLEla. Wa, la^lae LaxHllTla qa^s
qas-ide la dagilllaxes gEmx6ltsEyap!a-ye qa-'s k!iit!aLElodes. Wa,
lieEm^lawis ales gwalExs lae q!umx'EWElse Tslaqama^ye LE^wis
g"6kiilote laxa g'okwe qa^s lii hexsEla laxes yae-yats!e xwaxwakliina, 35
qa^s le heltsas ^wilEnkulag'ilise. Lasm lal na^nakwa. Wil, laEin
max'ts'.axs waLae Tslaqama^ye lax ^wIlEnkulag'ilise.
1146 ETHKOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. anx. 35
Then HvllEiikulag'ilis asked his father Waxap!alas6- that his
|
40 tribe should not go out of liis house for a while, and
ll to tell him
when Head-Winter-Dancer approached Burnt-Point, and that all
|
the men sliould hold their batons in readiness to beat when
| he
should go up to the roof of the house. Thus he said. Then
| Waxap !a-
laso^ sent a man to sit outside the house, and to announce when
| ll
45 Plead-Winter-Dancer should arrive at Burnt-Point. Then ^wIIeu-
|
kulag'ilis gave instructions to his tribe, and said, "As soon as I go
|
up on the roof, beat rapid time, and continue to beat
| time until I
stop singing my sacred song. And when I stop, you also stop
| beat-
50 ing time ; for you will see || what will happen to our world and to
my great friend Head-Winter-Dancer." Thus he said. He just
|
stopped speaking, when the one who was watching Head-Winter-
|
Dancer came mto the house and ssiid that Head-Winter-Dancer
|
was ah'eady near Burnt-Point. Immediately ^wllEnkuJag'iHs went
|
55 up to the roof of the house; || and wlien he sang his sacred song, his
tribe beat time in the house; and these are the words
| of his
sacred song, which he obtained from the thunderbird:
|
(
"Burn them, burn them, burn them, you wlio burn the world!
|
"Hail, hail, hail, hail, hailstorm is brought by you!"
||
38 Wii, laEm^lawise ^wilEnkulag'ilise axk'ialaxes 5mpe Waxap !ala-
so^we, qa k" !es^mawisLes la h5cjiiwElse g'okulotas. Wii, he^mis qa
40 nelasE^wes qo lal ex'^iilaLe Ts!aqama^3'e laxa LEgEgwIlbala. "Wii,
he-mis qa ^naxwa^mesa bebEgwauEme dalaxes tietlEmyayowe gwa-
lala qa-s LexEdzodel cieulo liil liig'iis liixwa ogwasaxsEns g"okwex,"
^nex^^lae. Wa, laEm=lae Waxap ialasowe ^yillaqasa ^nEmokwe bE-
gwauEm qa liis kiwas liix Lliisana^yases g'olcwe qa g'iixL nelalts Ts!ii-
45 qiima^ye qo lal lag'aa laxa LEgEgwIlbala. Wii, laEm^liiwise 'wilEn-
kiilag'Uise Lexs^alaxes g'okulote. Wa, lii^lae ^nek"a: "GiHmaxin
lag'iis liixwa ogwase laaqos ^nEmax'^Id LexEdzoda. Wa he-'mets
wiXwasElil LexEdzE^wexgin k'ies^meLEk' qiwel-Id yalaqula. Wii,
g'IPmesEn q!weHdEx laex ogwaqa gwal LexEdza^ya qa^s doqwaleLos
50 ^naxwax gwex'^idaasLasEns ^nalax LE^wfln ^nEm5x"dzae Ts!iiqil-
ma^ya," ^nex'^lac. Wa, heEm^lawis iilese qiwel-idExs g"axaasa qlii-
qlaliilElgisax Tsliiqiima^j^e g'axcLa liixa g'okwe. Wii, laEm^lae
nelasexs lE^mae Elaq liig'ae Tsiaqama^ye laxa LEgEgwIlbala. Wii,
la^lae hex'^ida^me ^wIlEukulag'ilise liig'usta laxa siiliises gokwe.
55 Wa, g'il^Emliiwise yiilaqwaxs liiaEl LexEdzoda yix g'okulotas lax
awiLElasa g'okwe. Wii, g'a^mes qayats yalEx"LEnaseg'a ytx g'aya-
nEmas laxa kiinkunxullg'a^ye, g'ada:
TsExwaamt, tsExwaamt, tsExwaamt xumtxiimtEleg'a'yii.
Tsaalx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsaalx, tsELxtsElxEleg'a'3'ii.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1147
When he stopped singing, they also stopped beatmg time in the 60|
house. Immediately our world became dark, and tliere was light-|
ning and loud thunder. Hail feU, and the hailstones were the size|
of a head. When the thunder and the hailstorm had passed, they|
saw the canoes all turned into rock ; and these are now the many 65|
II
islands at the east side of the mouth of Hardy Bay, and they are
called Spots-at-Mouth-of-Bay. Now Head-Winter-Dancer and|
I
his crew were dead.
|
Then ^wllEukulag'ihs was feared by his tribe, for they discovered 70II
that he had obtained a great treasure; and his tribe just wislied to|
be slaves of ^wilEnkfilag'ihs. He was the only head chief of the|
numaym LeLEged. He did not do any work, for his tribe were|
working for him; that is, they gathered food of all kinds for him,|
and brought firewood and water. a canoe of a man, 75|| If he wanted
he just asked for it, and it was given to him. This is the end.
|
I
Later on I shall teU how he disappeared again, and how after that
|
he became a cannibal.
|
It was when ^wllEnkiilag'ilis had overcome the great supernatural 1|
man Head-Winter-Dancer. He had [not] lieen treated as a chief for a|
long time by his numaym, the LeLEged. Then he said to his father
|
Wa, g'ipEm^lawise q'.welMd yalaqulaxs lae ogwaqa qlwel^ideda 60
LexEdza^ye lax awlLElasa g'okwe. Wa, hex"^idaEm^lawis plEdEx'^i-
dEns ^nalax. Wa, la^hie LlEnex^wida. Wa, ladzek'as-lae kiinxwa.
Wa, la^lae tsElx'itsa yu-'ma a^wawEus x'omsexa tsElxmese. Wii,
gil^Em^lawise hayaqeda kunxwa LE^wa tsEJxaxs laaEl dox^waLE-
laxa xwaxwakliinax'daxs lae ^naxwa t!esEmx4daxwa lax cjIenEm 65
^maEmk'ala laxox ^uElk'.odExsta^yaxs GwadzE^j^exa lax LegadEs
Dzadzobaltsewe. Wa, laEm^lae 41akMala ^wPwule Ts!aqama^ye
LE^wis IcElotde laxeq.
Wa, laEm^lae kilEme 'wIlEnkulag"ilisases g'okulote, yixs lae
q!al^aLElax ^walase LOLEgwa^yas. Wa, laEm^lae g'okulotas ^nex" 70
qa^s alag"a^me q!aq!Ek'as ^wIlEnkulagilise. Wa, laEm ^nEm6x"-Em
la xa^magEme^ g'ig'ame''sa ^nE^memotasa LeLEgede. Wa, hiEm
k' !eas eaxenes qaxs ^naxwa^mae eaxEles g'okulote qae, yixa papE-
walaxa ^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEm hemawala LE^wa lEqwa LE'wa tsaxa
^wape qae. Wiix'e ax'exsdxa xwilk'.unasa ^iiEmokwe bEgwauEma, 75
a^mese dak'lalaq. Wa, la hex'^idaEm ts'.Ewe laq. Wa, laEm laba.
Wa, al^EnilwIsEn gwagwex's^alal laqexs lae xis-ida et!eda. Wa,
laEm hamshamtslEsL laxeq.
Wa, heEm^laexs lae ^yax'^idamase ^wIlEnkiilagilisax ^walase ^nawa- l
lak" bEgwauEme Tslaq&mex'de. Wii, k' '.es^Em^lawise alaEm gala
la g'ag'exsilaso^ses ^uE^memota LCLEgede. Wii, lii^lae nelaxes ompe
1148 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [bh-h. ann. 36
Waxapa !alas6^, that ho had not yet shown his siipornatiiral treas-
5 ures; || "for I obtained as supernatural treasure the flooding-waters
and the cutting-off of my hmbs and four dances; for I have for my|
dance the AwlloLEhal, and my first dance is Hayallk'EJal. And
| |
after I have finished the Hayahk'Elai, I turn into the speaker
|
10 dance; and when my song of the speaker dance is ended, || I turn into
the chieftainness dance; and when the song of mj^ chieftainncss
|
dance is ended, then I sing my sacred song of the war dance and I
|
turn into a war dancer; and therefore my name is ^wilEnkiilag'ihs.'
|
Now 1 wish you would give a winter dance," thus he said to his father
1
15 Waxapa lalaso^ " that I may also show myll other great dance the
|
hamsh^mts !es, that has a sacred room; and the name Nanogwis; and
the camiibal mask with a man with turning top ; and his red cedar-
|
bark rings. I mean that all my supernatural treasures should be
|
seen." Thus said ^wilEnkulag'ilis to his father Waxap !alaso^.
|
20 Immediately Waxap lalaso^ || told his prince to go ahead and to dis-
appear. Now it was not known among the tribe what Waxp.'a-
I
laso^ and his prince ^vvllEnktilag"ihs had said. Wlicn night
|
|
came ^wilEnkulag'ilis lay down. It was not yet near daylight when
|
25 he arose and went to the river ^wag'Ela. Then he walkedI| up the
river, and he wished to arrive at its lake. He did not arrive there|
Waxap lalaso^we, yixs k'les^mae ^wPla neWdamasxes Logwa^ye,
5 "yixgin he^mek' Logwa^ya paolasa ^wape Loxgiin lak" tlosEmwiilayo-
giin LasLalak" laxEn mox-widalax leiiida ylxgin liidEnokwegasa
AwiloLElale. Wa, heEm g'alEn yEx^widayowa Hayallk'Elale. Wa,
g'lPmesen gwal yExwa laxEn Hayallk'Ela^lena^ye liig'EnlasElel laxEn
Hayaq!EntElale. Wit, gil^mese q!ulbaxEn qlEmdEme laxEn Haya-
10 q lEntEla^lena^ye lag'ln lasElil laxa Aomalale. Wa, g'il^mese q!ul-
baxEn q'.EmdEme laxEn ASmala^lena^ye lag'ln yiilaqwasEn yalax"-
LEne laxa tox^wide. Wii, laEmxaEn MseIiI laxEn tox^widae-
na^ye. Wa, he^mesEn lag"ila LegadEs ^wilEnkulag"ilise. Wii, la^me-
sEn ^nex' qa^s yiiwix'ilaos," ^nex'^laexes ompe Wiixap'.alaso^we, "qa
15 g'ilxlag'Ise nel-ideda ^nEmx'^idaLa ^walas liidaxa ma-wilade hams-
hamts'.Esa LE^wis LegEme Nanogwis LE^wis hiimsEmlexa xiip!EgEx-
Liila bEgwiinEma EE^wis L!aL!EgEkula. Wii, yii^mesEn ^ne^nak'ilox
qa ^wFla^mesox dox^waLElaxEn Logwa^yex," ^nex'^lae ^wIlEnkiilagili-
saxes ompe Wtixaplalaso^we. Wii, Kex'-idEm^hiwise Waxap !ala-
20 so^we wiixaxes Lawulgama^ye ^wIlEnkQlagilise qa wag'is x'is^eda.
Wii, laEm^lae k-'.eas q!alax waldEmas Waxap !alaso-we le-wIs lS-
wulgama^ye ^wIlEnkiilagilise laxes g'okulote. Wa, gil-'Em^lilwise
ganolnda lae kulx-'ida, yix ^wIlEnkidagilise. Wii, k- !es-Em-lawise
6x aia qa^s ^nax'^idexs lae Liix-wida qa-'s lit qiisHda qa^s lii hixa ^wiis
25 ^wiig'Ela. Wii, la^lae qas-iistalaq. Wii, laEm^lae ^valaqela qa^s
liig'ae lax dzE^alas. Wa, la^ae wegaaxs lae ganoHda. Wii, aEm-
'Carrying everything.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1149
before night came. Then he went into the water of the river,
| and 27
he took four henolock-branches and rubbed his body on the right-
|
hand side with one hemlock branch, and he imitated what he had
|
first done with the four hemlock-branches. || As soon as he had 30
finished, he lay down in the shelter of a cedar-tree which stood on
|
the bank of the river. As soon as dayhght came in the morning, he
washed again in the river; and after he had
| done so, he again
walked up the river. Now it was past noon when he came
| to the
|
lake of the river ^wag'Ela. Immediately, it is said, he built a house
of hemlock-branches || on the shore of the lake. He always went
| 35
into the water on the shore of the lake every morning and ever}-
evening. Now it was almost four months since he had disappeared.
|
Then he dreamed that he saw the Head-without-Body.
| Then it
opened its mouth and the hamshamts.'Es came out of
| the mouth.
Then he cried, "Wip, wip, wip!" || And in his dream he saw how he 40
went right up to ^wilEnkQlagHis, and bit his left hand; and
| after
the piece bitten by him had come off,
| he went back into the mouth
of the Head-without-Body. Then the Head-without-Body disap-
peared. Then ^wilEnkulag'His awoke, and he saw
) that it was
I
da3'light. He arose at once and|| went into the water on the shore of 45
the lake; and after he had been in the water,
| he went down, fol-
lowmg the river, while he was walking down river. Wlien
| evening
^lawise la^sta laxa 'wa, yixs dalaaxa q!waxe moxLa. Wa, he^mis la 27
g'tnx^wedEins laxes helk' lotlEna^ya ^nEmxLa q!waxa. Wil, laEm-'lae
aEm naqEingiltawi^lalaxes g^ale gweg-ilasa, ylsa moxLa q!waxa.
Wa, g'll^Em^lawise gwalExs lae kiilxLElsaxa t lEnyaga^yasa welkwe 30
Lag'itgexa ^wa. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^na^nakiilaxa gaalaxs lae et!ed
la^sta laxa ^wa. Wa, g'il^Em'lawise gwalaxs lae et!ed qas^ustalaxa
^wa. Wa, laEm^lawise gwak' lodExLalesa LlesEliixs lae lag-aa laxa
dzE^lalas ^wiis ^wtig'Ela. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise g'okwelaxa q!wax-
sEme gokwa lax ogwiiga^yasa dzE^lale. LaEm^Jae hcniEnalaEni 35
la^sta laxa ogwaga^yasa dzE^lalaxa gegaala LE^wa dzadzEqwa. Wa,
laEm^lawise Elaq mosgEmg-ilaxa ^mEkula x'isalaxs laaEl mexElaxs
doqulaaxa x'osalole. Wa, laEm^awise aqElaxs g'axae g'ax-'wEJseda
hamshamtslEse lax sEmsas. LaEm^lae hamts!ala, ^wip ^wip ^wip-
xaEl. Wil, la-'lae lie^nakulaEiig'a lax ^wllEnkiilagilise qa^s qlEX'^I- 40
dex gEmxoltslana^yas. Wa, gipEm^lawise lawamasxes qlEx^^I-
tsE^we laaEl xwetagli lax sEmsas X'osaloie. Wii, la^Iae xis^ede
X'osalole. Wa, hex'-'idaEm^lawise ts!Ex-ide ^wilEnkiilagiiise. Wa,
laEin^lae dox^waLElaqexs lE^maaEl ^uax'^ida. Wii, hex'^idaEin^lawise
Lax^wida qa^s la^ste laxa ogwaga^yasa dzE^lale. Wii, g'ih'Em^lawise 45
gwal la^staxs g'axae nagilmalaxa ^wiixs g'axae qasatosElaq. Wii
laEm wiitos lax ox"siwa^yasa ^waxs lae dziiqwa. Wii, la^lae aEm
1150 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [bth. ann. ss
48 came, he had not arrived at the mouth of the river. Then he lay
J
down tmder a cedar-tree; and when dajdight came in tlie morning
|
he arose and started. It was not yet noon when he arrived at the ||
50 mouth of the river ^wag'Ela. Then he just sat down under a tree.
|
They do not know what kind of a tree it was. He waited for even-
ing. Therefore he did so. As soon as evening came, he walked
I |
along the beach. Now it was dark when he arrived
! on the east
55 side of the river TslElgwad. Then he cried, || "Wip, wip, wip!"
aloud, so that his father should hear him.
|
Then his father Waxap.'alaso^ heard him. Immediately
| it
occurred to Waxap !alas6^ to invite in his tribe when
| it would be
evening, that they should come and try to surround him that
(
60 night. Thus he thought. Almost all his tribesmen had || heard the
cry: "Wip, wip, wip !" Therefore the Sparrow Society at
| once arose
and went into the winter-dance-house of Waxap !alaso^
| (for this
name was given by the ancestors of the Kwakiutl to a
| winter-
dance-house. Only lately it was named the Emptied-House,
|
instead of Winter-dance-House, because recently they became
65 mixed with the || Rivers Inlet people; and recently the name Winter-
dance-House is Comhig-out-House, for the Naklwax'da^x" call the
|
winter-dance-house Coming-out-House and Ceremonial-House;
| and
48 kulxLElsaxa welkwe. Wii, g'iPEm^lawise ^na^nakiilaxa gaalaxs lae
Lax^wida qa^s qas^ide. Wa, k' !es^Em^lawise nEqalaxs g"axae lax
50 6x"siwa^yasa ^was ^wag'sla. Wa, aEm^lawise klwaxLalesaxa i.a^se.
La^me k'les q aLEJax Lats!6na^yas. Wii, laEm^lae esEla qa dzaqwes
lag"ilas he gwex'^ide. Wii, g'ipEm^lawise dzaqwaxs lae qas-'ida
g-ag'iints'.esEla laxa L'.Ema^ise. Wii, laEm^lawise plEdEx'^idExs lae
hlg'aa lax ^nElk" lotsewa^yasa ^was Tslslgwade. Wa, la^lae hamts'.E-
55 g-a^Ia ^wip ^wip ^wipxa hasEla qa wuleIcs ompaseq.
Wii, lieEm^lawise 5mpase Waxap !alaso''we gil wQLax^aLElaq.
Wii, hex'-idaEm'hlwise g"Ig"aex^ede Waxap lalaso'we qa^s hex'-ida-'n^el
Lelts'.odElxes g'okiilote qo lal dziiqwaLo qa^s wagll kikilnalalxa
ganoLa ^nenk"!eqEla^lae. Wii, laEm^lae halsElaEm k' !es ^naxwaEm
60 wuLEle g'okiilotasexa hamts!iilil ^wip ^wip ^wipxElii. Wii, he-mis
liigilasa gwegwiits!Eme hex'^idaEm ^wl^la Liix^wida qa^s lii laxa
yiiwix'Elats!e g-okwas Waxap lalaso^we (yixs he^mae LeqElayosa
g'fdiisa Kwagmlaxa g"6kwe yiiwix'Elatsle yixs iil-mae LeqElaso^s
lobEkwe lilxa yiiwix'Elats'.e g'okuxs lae q Iiiq !tilgox^wId LE^wa Awl-
65 k' lenoxwaxwa al^mex. Wa, liixaox al^Em LegEmox" g"ag"ilelats!e
laxaaxa yiiwix'Elats!e yixs hiie LeqElaseda Nak!wax"da^xwe yls
g'iig'ilelatsle l6^ ts!ets!egats!e g'ok". Wii, laxae ^nex'^ma Kwag'ule
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1151
the Kwakiutl also call it Ceremonial-House. I just want to talk 68
| |
about this). ||
As soon as the members of the Sparrow Society were all in, 70|
Waxap !alaso^ told them to try to surround him that night, and
|
Waxap lalaso^ also told them that he would call his tribe in the
|
afternoon. "Now we all wiU sit down at the place where you wish
that we sit down, that you may learn aU the four songs, || the 75
I
songs of Nanogwis; that is, ^wllEnkulag' ihs for indeed we shall
; |
just now see all the supernatural treasures of my prince, when he
|
comes out of the woods." Thus said Waxap !alas6^ to the Sparrow
Society. "He has sung his four songs to me: therefore 1 know the
| |
songs of the great supernatural one who is a hamshamtslEs." 80
II
Thus said Waxap lalaso^ to the Sparrow Society. As soon as
|
day came in the morning, all the members of the Sparrow Society
|
went home to their houses. They were very glad on account of
|
the words of Waxap !alaso^.
|
As soon as evening came, a man who was sent by Waxap !alas6^
went to whisper an invitation to aU the men to go to the sitting- 85II
place.' (Some men say that the sittmg-place has the name
I |
Song-Leader-Place. Now aU the men are never invited twice for
|
the meeting; for the men immediately ai-ise when they are first|
ylsox ts'.ets'.egats'.e g'okwa. Wii, a^mEn ^nex" qEn gwagwex's^ale 68
laq).
Wa, g"iFEm^lawise g^ax ^wFla liogweLeda gwegwatslsme, laa^lase 70
Waxap !alaso^we nelaxs lE^mae kikilnalalxa ganoLe. Wa, laEm-
xaawis nele Waxap lalaso^waxs lE^mae Lelts'.odElxes g'okiilotaxalaLa
gwal nEqalal: "Wa, la^mesEns lal ^wi^la k!walal laxes gwE^yoLaos
qEns k'.walaasL qa^s q!aq!oL!aos ^naxwaxa mosgEme q!Emq!Em-
dEma, yix cjlEmdEnax'sii^yas Nanogwise lax ^wilEnkulag'iHse; 7)
qaLaxgins he^mek' aleLEns ^wi^la dox^waLElaLEx Logwa^yasEn lX-
wulgama^ya qo g'ax^wultlaLo," ^nex'^lae Waxap !alaso^waxa gwegwa-
tslEme. "Wa, la ^naxwaEm dEnx^elsa mosgEme cilEmqiEmdEins
qaEn. Wa, he^mesEn lag'ila ^naxwa qliiLElax q'.EmqlEmdEniLas
yisa ''walasa Logwalaxes laena^ya hamshamts'.Esa," ^nex'^lae Waxa- 80
plalaso^waxa gwegwats'.Eme. Wii, giPEin^lawise ^nax'^Idxa gaalaxs
lae ^wPla na^nakweda ^naxwa gwegwatslEm laxes g'ig'okwe alak'lala
ek'es nenaqa^ye qa waldEmas Waxap lalaso^we.
Wii, g-ipEm-iawise dzax"bEndExs lae ^yalagEmas Wiixaplalaso^we
qa^s le Qpala Le^lalaxa ^naxwa bebEgwaiiEm qa liis liixa k'.walaase. 85
(Wii, la ^nek'eda waokwe bEgwaiiEmaqexs Legadaexa kiwalaasas
naq'.iise. Wii, la k'!es ^nEmp'.Ena malp!ene^sta Le^liilasE^weda
^naxwa bebEgwaiiEm qaeda k'.wala, yixs a^mae hex'^idaEm Lax^Hli-
1 A place in the woods where the songs are secretly taught. See Report of the LI. S. National Museum,
1895, Plate 43.
1152 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
90 called to go to the sitting-place. || Wlien a man does not go—no
matter whether he is a chief or one of the common people—nobody
|
talks about him.)
| Then Waxap !alas6^ at once sang the songs
|
referred to by ^wilEnkQlag'ihs, the songs of Nauogwis, the
|
hamshamts !es, who has the Head-without-Body for his sacred
room.
II
95 As' soon as the song leaders knew the four songs, they talked
|
about the one man belonghig to the common people. At once
j four
men were sent to go and call him to come to the sitting-place.| Then
100 the four men started, and before long they came back
| walking||
with the man (the man wlio told the storj- to me did not know the
name) . Inimediately Waxap lalaso^ asked the chief of the Spar-|
rows to speak, and at once the chief of the Sparrows asked the
| |
man to sit down, not very near the place where all the
| men were
5 seated. Then || the cliief of the Sparrows spoke, and said, "Now let
us know what is more important than to go into the woods to sit
I
in our sittuig-place; for you know that no chief is too great tliat
| he
should not come here." Thus he said, and took off his head-ring
|
of cedar-bark and put it on the ground. "Done," he said, "go on
|
10 and consider || whether you wish to remain ahve. Then you wiU
take up this red cedar-bark and give a winter dance next year. If
|
leda bEgwanEmaxs galae Le^IalasE^wa qa^s lii laxa k!walaase. Wa,
90 g'il^mese k" !es leda ^uEmokwe bEgwanEmaxa wax'-me gigama^ya
Loxs hae g-a^yola bEgiil-ida^ye. Wa, k' least !a gwagwex"s^ala laq.).
Wa, la^me aEm hex'-idaEm'lae Waxap !alaso^we dEirx-itsa q!Emq!Em-
dEme, yix gwE^yas ^wilEnkulag'ilise qlEmlcjEmdEms Nanogwise, yixa
hamshamts '.Ese mawFladEsa X'osalole.
95 Wii, g ih'Em^lawisa nenagade ^wFla qialaxa mosgEm q'.EmqlEm-
dEmxs lae gwagwex's-id laxa ^nEmokwe bEgwauEm ga^yol laxa
bEgul^Ida^ye. Wa, laEm^lae ^yalagEma m5kwe bebEgwanEm qa
las Le-'lalacj qa g'axes laxa k!walaase. Wa, laEm^lawisa mokwe
bebEgwauEm qas'ida. Wa, k"!es-lat!a galaxs g'axae aedaaqa
100 qiiqElaxa bEgwanEme. (KMes q!ale LegEmas, yisa nosa qaEn.)
Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise Waxap '.alaso^we axkMalaxa gwesE-
ma^ye qa yaq!Ent!ales. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa gwesEma^ye
axk"!alaxa bEgwanEme c^a k'.wag'aElses laxa k"!es alaEm L§,la
lax k lilts '.Edzasasa ^naxwa bebEgwauEma. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg^a-
5 ^leda gwesEma^ye. Wa, la-'lae ^nek'a: "Weg-ax-Enu-x" q!alax
awilagawa^yasEnux" g'axex aLalEls kiwala laxwa klwalaasex,
yixs q'.aLEla^maaqos yixs k'leasae guntlasa g'igig&ma^ye qa^s k"!ese
g'ax laq"," 'nex"'laexs lae axodxes qEXEma-'ye L!agEkwa qa-s
ax^Elseq. "Wa." Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a doqwalaxes naqa^yos
10 qaso ^nex'L qa-s qlulaos, la^mets dax-'IdELEXg'ada L'.agEkuk- qa^s
yawix'lleLosax qwesEyEnxLa. Wii, qaso k' !esL dax'^idElqEk" la^mets
1 The following i£ an intercalation, explaining part of the procedure of the winter ceremonial.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1153
you do not take it up, you wiU die where we are sitting
| here." 12
Thus he said. Immediately the man arose from the place where he
|
was sitting, and took up the red cedar-bark and hid
| it in his armpit,
and then he had saved his Hfe; for he had || hidden the red cedar-bark 15
which he was going to put into his box, which was in his house.
|
The red cedar-bark was not to be seen again until he would give a
winter dance the next winter, when he was to
| invite for a winter
dance. This is called Begging-for-One's-Life—
| the taking up of
the red cedar-bark when it is put down on the sitting-place to be
|
taken up by the one who disobeys the chief of the Sparrow Society;
for the chief of the SparrowII Society is the chief of the winter 20
dance. Generally he is chief, for the chief of the Sparrow
| Society
has no dance.
|
(I will talk for a little while about this. When the
| chief the
father of Q lEmtq !adas gave a winter dance, while | Ts !6x"ts !aes
was stOl a child —for this was his name in summer— || aU those who 25
were to disappear were placed in a row to be seen by all the men
|
who had been taken by the supernatural power of the winter dance.
Then Ts !ox"ts !aes stood among them on the right-hand
| side of
those who were to disappear; and after they had
| been looked at,
they went into the woods where the whistles sounded. Then
|
Ts!ox"ts!aes went backward; and he was taken by the chief of the
Sparrow Societj', || not by the father of Ts !ox"ts !aes. Then the 30
chief of the Sparrow Society said, "You
| will not go, friend Ts!6x"-
1e-1 laxEns khvalaasex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, S,Em^Iawise hex'^ida^ma 12
bEgwauEme Lax-'uls laxes kiwadzase qa-'s le dax'^idxa LlagEkwe qa-'s
q'.illal^edeq laxes dEmgulase. Wa, la^me q!ulaxanux"s qaxs la^me
q'.ulaHdxa L'.agEkwe qa^s lal g"its!odElts laxes g'ildasexa ha^nela lax 15
g'okwas. Wa, al^Emlwise dox^waLElLa LlagEkwaxs lal yawix"ilalxa
laLa etledEl tslSwunxa qo lal yawix'ilaLo. Wii, heEm LegadEs
q'.ulaxexa dax'^idaxa LlagEkwaxs g'Ig'aEldzEmae laxa kiwalaase qa
dax'^itsE^vesa hatlElax waldEmasa gwegwesEma-'ye qaxs he-mae
g'igamesa tsletsleqaxa gwegwesEma^ye yixs hemEnala^mae g'igame 20
bEgwanEma, yixa gwesEma^ye, yixs k'leasae laenesa gwesEma^ye.
(Wa qEns yawasnde gwagwex's^ala laq. Wa, he^maaxs lae yawi-
x'lle g'lgama^ye omps QlEmtqladaswiila, yixs he^mae ales gina-
uEme Ts!ox"ts!aesa qaxs he-'mae LegEms laxa heEnxe. Wa, he^ma-
axs lae yipEmg'ale^lEma xls-'idLe qa dox^waLElesa ^naxwa bEgwa- 25
nEmx l§,LanEmasa ^nawalakwasa tsletsleqa. Wa, la^me Lagelile
Ts!ox"ts!aesa lax helk- lodEnoLEmalilasa xis^IdLe. Wa, g-il^mese
gwal doqwasoxs lae aLe^sta lax hek' lalasasa LEX'Exse. Wa, g'il-
^mese la ElxLa-'ye Ts!o:^"ts!aesa lae dax-'itsE-wa yisa gwesEma^ye
ogMa lax ompas Ts!ox"ts!aesa. Wa, la ^nek'eda gwesEma^ye: 30
"K'lesLEs laLol, qast, Ts!ox"ts!aes, g'aEm ex-g'In gwex'sdEmk".''
75052—21—35 eth pt 2 24
1154 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. axx. 35
32 tslaes. M\- way is the best." And he still held hina while aU the
|
men shouted. Then the supernatural spirit and all those who had
|
disappeared were frightened away. And after they had frightened
|
away the supernatural spirit and all those who had disappeared, then
35 the chief of the Sparrow Society, who was holdmg Ts!ox"ts!aes
II
spoke, and said, "Come, give me red cedar-bark to put on the head
|
of my friend here." Thus he said. Then he was given a head-ring
|
of red cedar-bark and a neck-ring of red cedar-bark spread open.
|
He spoke, and said, "Go on, look at him, friends. I put on the|
40 head of my friend || what I took away from the supernatural powder."
Thus he said, and put aroimd the neck the red cedar-bark, and put
)
the head-ring of red cedar-bark on his head. As soon as he had|
done so, he took a rope and put it around his waist as a belt. Then
|
he toolv a thin cane and gave it to Ts!6x"ts!aes, and he said while
|
45 he gave to him his cane, || "Friend, this is your Sparrow cane, for
you will be a great Sparrow, that you may not be afraid of anything
|
that happens in this winter-dance house; for now you have a name,
|
since you have a cedar-bark head-ring; and you are a member of the
Sparrow Society." Thus he said. Then he turned his face toward
|
all the men, and said, "O friends! You will not wish that a|
50 winter dance be given to our friend here — the great one who hasII
red cedar-bark rings and who is a member of the Sparrow Society.
|
Now do not call him Ts !ox"ts !aes. You shall call him QlEmt-|
32 Wa, la dalax'saEmqexs lae xal-ideda ^uaxwa bebEgwauEm. Wa,
la^me xalostoyoweda ^nawalakwe LE^wa ^naxwa la x'is^ida. Wa, g'il-
^mese gwala xalostodasa ^nawalakwe LE^wa x'ix'is^ide laase et'.ed
35 yaqlEg'a^eda gwesEma^ye yixa dalax Ts!ox"ts!aesa. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"Gelag'a ts'.as L'.agEkwa g'axEn qEu qEx'Emdexg'iu ^nEmokOk',''
^nex'^lae. Wa, la tslasosa qEXEnia^ye LlagEkwa LE-wa qEiixawa-ye
LlagEk" LEpala. Wa, la yaq'.Eg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wega
doqwalax hamalEl ^ue-nEmok", la^mEn qEx'EmdELEsglns ^nEmokuk"
40 laxg'a le^nE^manEnik' lax ^nawalakwa," ^nek"Exs lae qEnxotsaLlagE-
kwe laq. Wa, la qEX'EmdEq yisa qEX'Ema^ye LlagEkwa laq. Wii,
g-iPmese gwala lae ax-edxa dEnEme qa^s qEuoyodes laq qa wii-
seg'anos. Wa, la ax^edxa wil^Ene dzomeg-ala qa-s ts'.E'wes lax
Ts!ox"ts!aesa. Wii, la ^nek'Exs lae ts'.asa sek"!agan5 dzomeg'ala.
45 "Wa, qast, yoEms gwespIeqLox, yixs ^walasaaqos gwesElesa yixs
k"!easeLaqos k'ilEmLol laxEns gwaelasex laxwa ts!ets!egats!ex
wokwa, yixs laaqos LegadES qEx'Emak" gwesElesa," ^uex'^lae. Wii,
la gwegEmx'-id liixa ^naxwa bebEgwauEma. 'Wii, la ^nek'a: "Yul
ha^rniilEl ^ne^uEmok", k"!esLEs awftlqElal qa^s laL5s yaweuEmnux"-
50 LEsg'ins ^nEmokflk' liixg'ada ^wiilasEk" qEX'Emak" gwesElesa.
Wii, laEms gwal LgqElas Ts!ox"ts!a5sa laqEk\ Wa, laEms LeqE-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1155
q !adas." Thus he said. "And when he is an old man, he shall be 53|
chief of the Sparrow Society." Thus he said.)
|
As soon as the men took up the red cedar-bark, he || spoke, 55
and said, "0 friends! this, our master, the red cedar-bark,
|
has come. Now I shall go and put it away into my box, that
|
it may help in my purification, until next winter." Thus he said,
as he went away to hide the red cedar-bark, and put it into
I
his box in his house. As soon as he had gone away,| the
chief of the Sparrow Society spoke, || and said, "Now we have 60
acted correctly on behalf of our friend; for he has taken our
|
master, the red cedar-bark, to make us happy next winter." Thus
|
he said. "Now let us talk about our attempt to surround
| the^
novice this night. Now these are the ones who will wipe the floor
of the house^ the fool dancers, the grizzlj^-bear dancers, and the
|
hamaa—and those next || who are brought back (after their initia- 65
ation), each in his way. And when they come in, then our beloved
|
ones (the princesses) shall come in, each according to her way.
|
And then the ghost dancer will come — the supernatural one —
when dayhght comes in the morning." ' Thus he said.
|
|
When he had spoken, they all went out of the woods, and staid ||
for a short time in their houses. Then they ate quickly, for it was 70
|
evening. As soon as it was getting dark, four men were called
|
laLEs Q!Emtq!adase laq," ^nex'^lae. Wa, g'iPmese la nomas bE- 52
gwaiiEina lae gwesEina^ya, ^nex'^lae.)
Wa, g'il^Emlawise dax"^ideda bEgwanEmaxa LlagEkwe laa^lase
yaq!Eg"a%. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wa, ^ne^uEmok", g'ax^Emg'a ada- 55
g'aEnsg'ada LlagEkuk' qa lalag'iltsEk' g"Ig'aalts!al laxEn g'lldasa
qEn q!eqElalag"i Lok" qaoxda apsEnx^IdLex," ^nex'^laexs lae
qas^ida q'.ulaLElaxa L!agEkwe qa^s la g'ets!6ts laxes g'ildase laxes
g'okwe. Wa, g'il^Ein^lawise la qas-ida laa^lase yaq!Eg"a^leda gwesE-
ma^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "LaEmLEns helaxamasa qasns ^nEmo- 60
kwa qaxs lE^mae dax'^IdxEiis adaxa LlagEkwa qa^s ek" !eqElamasL
g'axEusaxsqwesyEnxLa," ^nex'^lae. "Wa, la^mesEns gwagwex's^alai
laxEus kik'UnSlaeneneLaxwa ganoLex. Wa, he^mEns deg'ilelEmLeda
noEnlEmala LE^wa nenane LE^wa hamaa. Wa, he^mis makilaLa
kwekwexElakwe laxes gwegiix'sdEme. Wa, g'il^Emlwise ^wi^IaeL qo 65
g'axxEns laElwena^ya ex"^Eml g'ayaxElal laxes gwegux'sdEm. Wa,
laLe l&LelaLa LElol&lalaxa ^nawalakwe, liiLas ^na^nakulaLEx gaa-
laLa," ^nex'^lae.
Wa, g'U^mese gwale waklEmas lae ^wPla hoxwultia qa^s la yawa-
s^Id laxes g'ig'okwe. Wa, la*me halEmq'.ES^ed hSmx'^ida qaxs 70
lE^maaEl dzaqwa. Wa, gil^Em^lawise p'.EdExsto^nakiilaxs lae Le^la-
i That is to say, the ghost dancer will finally succeed in bringing back the novices.
—
1156 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
72 whose hereditary office is to walk and call those who try to sur-
round the novice; for there is no way that one should go on calling|
who does not own the privilege. As soon as the four members of
the Sparrow Society came—
|
who walk to invite—Waxaplalaso^
75 took four good cedar-bark blankets, and gave
II one to each of the
members of the Sparrow Society who went to call. Then he took
|
new flat red cedar-bark, and gave it to them, and he put the broad
|
cedar-bark around their necks, and he put the spread
| red cedar-
bark around their heads. As soon as they had put on the cedar-
|
80 bark rings, they put on eagle down, and they blackenedll their
faces with charcoal, and they took a weU-made, shaved, round
|
cedar stick. This is the cane of the Sparrows. And they all went
|
out of the winter-dance house. They went to the east end of the
|
viDage and went into the house, and they stood inside of the door,
|
85 and they spoke. And the one who has the rightll to speak first
began to speak, and said:
|
"We shall try to go into the house, shamans.
|
"We shall beat time that it may be heard by those who rule the
winter dance, shamans.
|
"Now sprinkle your body, Ha^masE^wed.
|
"Now sprinkle your body, HSmsbe^. You shall go to wipe the
90 floor, Httle Sparrows. Go in while it is daylight, shamans."
II |
When they had gone to all the houses, they went for a short time
into the winter-dance house. Then the heralds walked again, and
I
72 lasE^we m5kwe k" !es^on5kwasa qasa qaeda k'ikilnalaLe, yixs k' !e§,-
sae gwex'^idaas la qasaxa k' !ese iixnogwadEs. Wa, gil^mese g'axeda
mokwe gwegudzaxa qeqasElg'lsLe laa^lase Waxaplalaso^we ax^edxa
75 mowe es-Ek" kMobawas qa^s tslEwesa ^nalhiEme laxa gwegudzaxes
qeqasElg"lsLe. Wa, la^lae ax^edxa alomase LEpala L!agEkwa qaxaas
tslEwes laq. Wa, laEm^lae qeqEnxalaxa awodzo LlagEkwa. Wii,
la^laxae qeqEx"Emalaxa LEpala LlagEkwa. Wit, g'lHmese gwala
ax^aLElodalases qeqEx"ila LlagEkwa lae qEmx-witsa qEmxwasa kwe-
80 kwe. Wa, heEm^lawisa ts'.olna lae ts!6ts!ElEmda. Wa, lii^e Sx^ed-
xa aek'Iaakwe k"!4k" lex'^En k!waxLa^wa; wa, heEm gwespleqse.
Wa, !ax'^da-'x"''lae ^wPla hoquwElsa laxa yawix'Mats!e g'okwa. Wii,
la^lae hebElsEla laxa ^uElbalasasa g'ox"dEmse. Wa, Lvlae hogweLa
laxa g"okwe qa^s le qlwael lax lax awlLEliisa t!EX"ila. Wa, la^me
85 qag'a^le axnogwadasa gildzaqwa qa^yala. Wii, lii^lae ^nek'a:
"La^mEns henax-aleLai', pepExalai'.
"La^mEns willilxodi.ai' hoLaxElalxEns qlalaLElai', pepExalai'.
"LaEms xositledLai Ha^masE^wedai'.
"LaEras xosit'.edLai' Hamsbayai', laEmLEs degilelEniLol gwa-
90 giigwedzEma ^na^nEmts'.aEniLEs pepExalai'."
Wii, gil^Em^lawise ^wilxtolsaxa g'okulaxs lae yawas-id hogwer.
laxa yawix r'latsle g'okwa. Wa, la^lae et!ed qasax'da'xweda
tOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1157
went into the houses, and for a short time they went again
|
into the winter-dance house. Wlien they went back to call, they 95II
said, "Now we really go back to call;" for the first two times they
|
go to caU, they only say, "We go to call." And after they have
|
finished their speeches, they say, "Now we really go back to call.
|
'Wo, wo, wo! get ready, be ready, when we come to haul you|
away. Sparrows, || and you. Sparrow women.' " Thus the}' said to 200
them. Then they all staid thus in all the houses. When they
|
went into all the houses, they did not go into the winter-dance
|
house. Then they just went back to the east end of the village,
I
and went into the house and said, "We have come. Now we
|
really come to call, |1 'Wa, wa, wa, arise, arise!'" And at once the 5|
Sparrows and their wives arose, and went into the house in which
the novice was to be surrounded. They went into all the houses,
|
and then they went into the dance-house. They did not stay long.
|
Then the four heralds said, "Now we shall go to look for a
|
face." Thus they said, and went out of the winter dance-house, and 10II
they went straight to the east end of the village, and went into a
|
house. Then they said, "We come to try to see a face;" and when
I
they found a man sitting in the house, they asked him to go. They
|
do not ask the uninitiated to go too. And they use the same
|
mokwe qasElg'lsa. Wa, g'il^Em^laxaawise ^wilxtolsaxa g'oku- 93
laxs lae et!ed yawas^id hogweL laxa yawix"ilats!e g'okwa.
Wa, la^lae qatse^sta. La^me ^nek'a: "La^mEnu^x" alax'^id qatse- 95
^stai'," yixs ^-mae ^nek'Exs g"alae qasa malp !Ene^sta : "La^mE-
nu^x" qasai'." Wa, gUnaxwaEm q!ulbe ^nek" !ena^yas : "La^mE-
nu^x" alax'^Id qatse^stai'. Wo, wo, wo, xwanaHd qa^s
gwalalads qEiiu^xo g'axLe alak" nanexElilax'da^xoL gwe-
gudza Lo^s gwegutslaxsEma," ^nek'Eq. Wa, laEm^lae ^naxwa he 2OO
gwek'!ala laxa ^niixwa g"ig'okwa. Wa, g"ll^Em^lawise 'wilxtolsaxa
g'okulaxs lae k"!es la hSgwlL laxa yawix'i^latsie g"okwa. LaEm^lae
S,Em xwelaqa laxa ^nElbalasasa g'ox"dEmse qa^s le hogwiL laxa
g'okwe, qa^s ^nek-e: "G^ax^mEnu^x"; la^mEnu-x" alax^^Id qatse^stai'.
Wa, wa, wa, Lax^wid, Lax^wld." Wa, ala^mese hex'^idaEm q!wag'E- 5
llleda gwegudza LE^wis gEgEnsme, qa^s la hoxts!a laxa k-ikihiE^latsie
g'okwa. Wa, g'il^Emxaawise ^wilxtolsaxa g'ig^okwaxs lae hogwiL
laxa yawix-i^lats!e g'okwa. Wa, k' iestia geg'ilil^Id laqexs lae ^nek'eda
mokwe qasElgis bebEgwauEma: "La^niEnu^x" lal dadoqumai,"
£nex'%exs lae hoquwEls laxa yawix-Platsle g'okwa. Wa, la-lae he- 10
^nakula laxa ^nElbalasasa g'5x"dEmse qa^s le hogwiL laxa g'okwe.
Wa, la ^nek'a: "G'ax^mEnu^x" dadoqilmai." Wa, g'il^mese q!axa
k!waele ^uEmokwa lae axkMalaq qa las. Wa, la k'ies ixkialaxa
baxuse qa las ogwaqa. Wa, la^lae hex'saEm waldEms yixs laeLae
1158 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL i;i it. anm. :'s|
15 speech as they enter || the houses. After they have been to all the
houses, they enter the winter dance-house. Then they tell tiiem that
|
all have come in whom they have invited. Immediately the speaker
|
of the winter dance-house arises. He belongs to the old men,
I
the head of the chief of the Eaters, for this is their Sparrow name.
I
20 He speaks || and says, "Now come, shamans, come in. Now I shall
call the unitiated to come and witness what we are doing." Thus
I
he says, and goes out of the door of the dance-house, and he
| |
stands outside. Then he shouts aloud, "Come, uninitiated, come
|
and witness what we are doing. Look from the door into the house
25 and sit by the door while we are || trying to surround the novice."
Thus he says. Then he comes back into the house, and stands
|
outside of the place where the vSparrows who will sing are seated in
the rear of the house in which the novices are to be surrounded.|
Then the uninitiated come in and sit down at the left-hand side
|
inside of the door of the winter dance- house. Then the Sparrow
|
30 Society and the uninitiated are inside, || only the hftmshSmts !es,
grizzly-bears, fool-dancers, wasp-dancers, cruel-dancers have not
|
come in. Then the speaker of the dance-house speaks again, and
| |
says, " O friends ! You are not yet all inside. Come, now, friends,|
35 and go to our friends the great dancers, II that they may come and
keep watch over what we are going to do here." Thus he says.
|
15 laxa g'ig'okwe. Wii, gil^mese ^wllxtolsaxa g"ig'5kwaxs lae hogwlL
laxayawix'14ats!e g'okwa. Wa, laEm^lae nelaqexs lE-mae ^wI^laeLes
qasasE^we. Wa, hex'^idaEm'lawise Lax-ulil6 yayaq '.EntEmelasa yawi-
x'Hatsle g'okwa, g'a^yol laxa q!ulsq!ulyakwe bebEgJvanEmxa Laxu-
ma^yasa HemElk", yixs he-'mae gwedzEXLayose qa-'s yaqlEg'a^'le.
20 Wii, la^nek'a: " Wa, gelag'a, pepaxal,g'ax^Ems HvMaeLa. La^mesEn
lal Le^lalalxa baxusa qa g-axese x-Its!ax-ila g-axEns," ^nex-^laexs lae
qas^ida qa^s la lawEls laxa tlEX'lliisa yawix'i^lats'.e g"okwa qa^s le
Lax^uls lax Llasana'yas. Wii, la hasEla ^nek-a: "Wii, gelag-a, baxu-
sai', gelag'a x'lts'.axilax qa^s g'iixaos ^mx-nElgEmlll k!iistaill laxg-ada
25 k'lk-ihiEliik'," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'ax^lae xwelaqa, laeLa qa-'s lii Liix-
=ulit liixa LUisalllas k!tidze4asasa dEnxElaLe gwegddza liix nEqewa-
lllasa k'ikilna-iatsle g'okwa. Wii, g'ax^lae hogwcLEleda bebaxuse
qa^s lii k'.iis^alil liixa gEmxotstalilas ^wiLEliisa tlEX'ilasayiiwix'i^latsle
g'okwa. Wii, laEm^lae ^wPlaeLeda gwegutslEme LE^wa bebaxuse.
30 Wa, lex'a^me k'les^Em g"ax g'axeLeda hamshamtslEse LE^wa neniine
LE^wa noEnlEmala LE^wa hamasElale LE^wa hawiiyadalale. Wii,
la^lae edzaqwa yiiq!Eg"a4e yiiyaq!Entemelasa yiiwixiHatsle g'okwa.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^'ya, ^ne^nEmok", k" les-meg'tns ^wi^laeLa. Wii,
gelag'a, ^iie^nEmok" qa^s laos laxEns ''ne^nEm6x"dziixa lelaenenokwa
35 qa g'axlag'ise q'.iiqIaliilaxEns gwegwiilaglli^lasLa," ^nex"^Iae. Hesm
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1159
Then the four heralds are sent out. The four heralds go out at 37
j
once, and it is not long before they come back each singing his own
|
sacred song; and when they all come into the door, they stand in
|
a row. And as soon as || they have all finished their sacred songs, 40
the chief of the Sparrow heralds speaks and tells the Sparrows that
|
those who have been invited are coming, and also that the song-
|
keepers shall watch their songs and their batons so as not to make
|
a mistake, and also the children that they shall not cry. Thus they
|
say, and they walk together || to the rear of the winter dance-house 45
As soon as they arrive in the rear of the house,
| the hamsh&mts !es
come in and sit down in the rear of the house in
| the middle.
|
After them come the grizzly-bears and sit down at the right-hand
side of the hamsh&mts !es. Then come the fool-dancers
| and sit
down at the || left-hand side of the hSmshSmts !es. Next come the
| 50
cruel-dancers and sit down next to the fool-dancers. Then the
|
thunder-bird dancers come and sit down next to the grizzly-bears.
Next come the hox"hok" and sit down next to the thunder-birds.
|
|
Next come the war-dancers and sit next to the
— cruel-dancers. When ||all the dancei-s are in those who are now named the Seals— the 55
|
chief of the Sparrow Society arises and tells all the Sparrows that
|
now aU the dancers have come in and also the Sparrows.
| "Now,
shamans, we will do what we came here for, into this winter dance-
|
^yalagEseda mokwe qeqasElg'Es. Wa, hex'HdaEm^lawise la hoqii- 36
wElseda mokwe qeqasElg'Esa. Wa, k'!es-'lat!a galaxs g'axae aeda-
aqa ^naxwa yeyalaqulases yeyalax^LEne. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise g"ax
^wiMaeL lax SwlLElasa tlEX'ilaxs lae ylpEmg'alila. Wa, g-il^Em^lawise
^naxwa qliilbe yalaqulayas lae yaqlEg'a^le gwesEma^yasa qeqasEl- 40
g-Ese. Wa, laEm^lae nelaxa gwegudzaqexs g'ax^maes lax'de Le^ala-
SE^wa. "Wa, he^mis qa yaLlawisa ^naxwa nenagade laxes dEnxE-
layo LE^wis tiEmyayowe qa k'leses Lelaqobala. Wa, he-'misa g"in-
g-inanEme qa k-!e§,ses q!wag'a%," ^nex'^laexs lae ^nEmagilil la
qas^ida qa^s la laxa ogwiwalllasa ts!agats!e g-okwa. Wa, g'il^Em- 45
^lawise lag-aa laxa 5gwiwalilaxs g-axae g-axeLa hehamshanits!Ese
qa^s la k!us^alll laxa ogwiwalllasa g-okwe lax nEqewalilas. Wa,
g-ax^lae makileda nenane qa-'s la klus^alil lax helk' lodnoLE^malllasa
hehamshamts'.Ese. Wit, g^ax^laeda noEnlEmala qa^'s la k!us-'alll lax
gEmxanoLEma-'liiasa hchamshamts!Ese. Wii, g'ax^lae makileda ha- 50
wayadalale qa^s lii kiwabalilaxa noEnlEmala. Wa, g'ax^laeda kwe-
kiikunxiilale qa^s la k!wabalilaxa nenane. Wa, g'ax^lae mak'tleda
hehox"hokwe qa^s la kiwabalilaxa kwekukiinxiilale. Wa, g'ax^lae
mak-ileda hawlnalal qa^s la kiwabalilaxa hawayadalale. Wa, g'tl-
^mese ^wFlaeLeda ^naxwa lelaenokwaxa la LeqElaso^s meEmgwat lae 55
Lax^ulileda gwesEma^ye. Wa, la^mes nelaxa ^naxwa gwegudzaqexs
lE^mae ^wi^laeLeda -'naxwa lelaenokwa LE^wa gwegudza. "Wa, la-
^mesEns qlagEmg'aliL, pepaxal, laxEns g'axela ^wFlaeLEla laxwa ts!a-
1160 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
house." Thus he says. Then the fool-dancer cries, "WEe!" and ||
60 at once the song-dancers begin the song of the fool-dancer. As
soon as the song is at an end, he becomes cjuiet. Then the fool-|
I
dancers become excited, one after another, and each one has a song;
|
and this is called by the men of olden times " Wiping-the-Floor-of-
the-Dance House;" namely, the fool-dancers and the grizzly-bear|
65 dancers. Therefore the fool-dancers go first, || for they belong to
the kwexElak", which is called by the people of olden times "half-|
initiated-winter-dancers," who only sit in the house when they disap-
pear in the kwexElak" house, for they are not taken away by the|
spirits when they come to take them into the woods. This is called|
by the people of olden times "driving away." Those who are
caught in the bay of Fort Rupert are the hftmshamts !es, q laminagas,|
tox^wid, grizzly-bear, thunder-bird dancer, and the others. ThisII j
has the name " Dri\'ing-away ; " and these really disappear in the
woods. And this is called the "fuUy-initiated-winter-dance."|
And those who have the name "half-initiated-winter-dancers,"
|
the kwexElak", they are the ones who wipe the floor— the fool-
dancers and the grizzh'-dancer and the floor-cleaning-woman — for|
75 when all the fool-dancers come in, they are not || dressed with the red
cedar-bark like the hamatsia, qlaminSgas, tox^wid, and the others
|
in the half-initiated-winter-dance, for they all belong to the Sparrow
Society. As soon as the fool-dancers come in, the kwexElak"|
|
gats'.ex g'okwa," ^nex'^lae, laa^lase wEexada nolEmala. Wa, hex'-
60 ^idaEm%wisa nenSgade dEnx^its q!EmdEmasa nolEmala. Wa, gil-
^mese q!ulbe qlEmdEmas lae yalHda. Wii, laEm ^nal-'nEmok!umk'a
xwaseda nolEmala. Wa, laxae ^nal-nEmsgEme qlEnidEmas. Wa,
heEm g'WE-'yasa g'ale bEgwanEm deg-ilelEmxa ts!agats!e g'okwaxa no-
EnlEmala LE^wa nEnq'.olEla. Hed lag-ilashe g'alag'iwa^ya noEnlEma-
65 la ylxs hiie ^xnogwatsexa kwexElakwexa gwE^yasa g'ale bEgwanEm
wix'sas ts!ets!eqaxa aEm itwag'ililEla xisala laxa kwexalats!e g-okwa,
yixs k' !esae ax^etso^sa hayalilagase qa^s lit layo laxa haEj-alilagasasa
aL'.exa gwE^'yasa g'ale bEgwanEm xElkwaxa la k'Emyaso-' laxa
oxLalisas Tsaxisexa hamats'.a LE^wa q laminagas LE^wa tox-'wide
70 (LE^wa) nane LE-wa kiikunxulale LE-'wis waokwe. Wa, heEm
LegadEs xElkwe, hii^staEm alak'Iala la x'lsala laxa aL!e. Wa, heEm
LegadES lax'sase ts'.ets'.eqa. Wa, la i.egadEs wix'sas ts!ets!eqaxa
kwexElakwexa la deg'ilelEmaxa noEnlEmala LE-wa nEnq!6lEla, LE^wa
ekulelEmxa ts'edaqaxs lae ^wHaeLeda nolEmala, yLxs k'leasae q!wa-
75 lEnx"sa hamatsia LE^wa q laminagas LF/wa tox^wide LE^va waokwe
laxa wix'sase ts!ets!eqa qaxs iVmae la ^naxwa gwegudza. Wa, g'il-
'mese ^wi^laeLeda noEnlEmala laas Llayo 5'lx^wideda kwexslakwe
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1161
women dance in their turn, the nanaqawalil hamatsia, and the
hS.yalik"Elal. The words of the song of the II nanaqawalil hamatsia 80|
and of the h&yalik'Elal are different from the words of the full-
initiated-winter-dance, for the women who disappear only stay in
|
the rear of the kwexElak" house. As soon as the fioor-cleaning-
|
woman comes in, the speaker of the ceremonial of the surroundmg
|
of the novice — the head speaker, who is Uke HoLelid— speaks (that
is what you have seen at Fort Rupert), and says, "Now, |1 those 85
I
who wipe the floor have come in, and those who clean the floor.
Now let us go to the end, friends. Now I shall speak as a herald-
|
Come now!" Thus he says, and caUs two Head-Sparrows.
| As
soon as the two Sparrow men come, the speaker of the
| winter
dance-house says, "Ccme to our friend HamasEwid. Did she not
|
sprinkle herself to || come and dance at her dancing-place here?'' 90
Thus he says, and sends the two old Sparrow men to swing
| the
rattles inside of the door of the house for surrounding the
| novice;
and when the two Sparrow men go out, two old men —| the two
door-keepers — each holds a round rattle, and || stands on the inside| 95
of the door; and it is not long before the two
| Sparrow men come
in. They stand inside of the door; and one of them speaks^
| and
|
says, "The good one, our friend, is coming." Thus they say, and go
to stand in the rear of the house. Then the two men with the
I
tsledaqaxa nanaqawalile haniats!a LE^wa hayalik'Elal. Wa, la 78
5guqala^me qaqE^yasas qlEmdEmas lax qaqE^yasas q!EmdEmasa
nanaqawalile hamatsia LE^wa hayalik'Elalasa lax'sise ts!ets!eqa 80
qaxs a^mae awag'tlllEla x'isala laxa kwexE-'latsIe g-okwa tslEdaqe.
Wa, giPmese ^wi^IaeLeda ekQlelEme ts!edaqa laas yaqlEg-a-le yaya-
q'.Entemelasa k-lk-ihialaxa gwesEma^yexa he gwex's HoLelide (xes
doguiSs laxg-a TsaxesEk'). Wa, la ^nek'a: " La^me ^wFlaeLEns de-
g'ilelEma LE^wa ekulelEma. Wa, la^mesEns nExbag'aliLai', ^ne^uE- 85
mokwai'. Wa, la^mesEn qag-aL. Wa, gelag-a," ^nek'Exs lae Lex-
^edxa ma^lokwe gwegwatslEma. Wa, g'il^mese g-axeda ma^lokwe
gwegwats'.Ema. Wil, la 'nek-e yayaqlEntEmelasa ts!agats!e g'okwa:
"Hag'a laxEns ^uEmokwa HamasEwida. K'lesae xos^idEkwa qa
g-axese yix^wida laxg'as yi-'we^IasEk"," ^nek'Exs lae ^yalaxsa ma^Io- 90
kwe qlulsqIuPyak" gwegudza qa yayatemll lax awlLElas tlExilasa
kik'ilna^latsle g'okwa. Wa, g-il^mese la hdquwElseda ma^lokwe gwe-
gwatslEm laas qas-ideda ma^'lokwe t latlEx-ilax^sela ma^lok" q!u]sq!ul-
yak" gwegudza q!walxEwunkiilaxa loElxsEme yeyadEna qa^s la
q!wag-alil lax ^wax'sanexstdlilasa &wiLElasa tlEx-ila. Wa, k-!est!a 95
galaxs g'axae hog^viLeda ma^lokwe gwats!Em. Wa, la q!wag-alll
lax awiLElasa t'.Exila. Wa, la yaq!Eg-a^leda ^nEmokwe. Wa, la
'nek-a: "G-axk-as^oEmg-lns ^nEmokflk'," ^nek-Exs lae qas^ida qa^s
la q!wag-alil laxa ogwiwalilasa g-okwe. Wa, la yatlededa ma^lokwe
1162 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
300 rattles rattle near the door, and immediately the song-keepers!|
beat time on their boards. Then HamasEwid comes in with fast
|
steps, going to the rear; and when she comes to the dancing-place
I
in the rear of the house, the song-keepers sing their songs. As|
soon as her song is at an end, the song-keepers beat time on their
|
5 boards, || and immediately she who has been dancing goes with fast
steps out of the door; and when she has gone out, two heralds^
| |
Sparrow men— are sent again to go and call the next one to dance.|
And they do the same that they have done with the next one before ;
|
and when one after another of the dancers has danced, the two ||
10 heralds are sent to go and call a woman who really dances well.
They call her name.' The woman had the name QIayaxstalas.
|
She was a good dancer. This is done by the GwetEla in the cere-
|
monial of surrounding the novice. Now she was called, because
|
the dance of Q layaxstalas was the hamshftmts !es, and it was not
|
15 long before the two heralds came in. They stood || inside of the door,
and one of them spoke, and said, "Our good friend is coming.
|
She is really clean." Thus he said. Then the other one also spoke,
|
and said, "O shamans! Don't believe what my friend says.
j |
QIayaxstalas does not agree to come and dance, for she is tired.
20 She has been digging clams this evening." Thus he said, and went||
with his friend to stand in the rear of the house. Then there was|
300 yayatemile laxa tiExila. Wii, hex'^ida^mesa nen^gade LexEdzo-
daxes t'.Emedzo. Wii, g'axe g"axeLe HamasEwide qa^s lii tsaxala
lalaa laxa ogwlwalile. Wa, gil^mese lag'aa laxa yE^we^asa ogwi-
wallle lae dEnx^idcda nenagadiis q'.EmdEmas. Wa, g"il^mese
qlulbe q!EmdEmas lae Lexdzodeda nenagadiixes tiEmedzo. Wa,
5 hex'^ida^mese la tsaxalaxa yixwax'de tslEdaqa qa^s la lawEls laxa
tiExila. Wa, g'iPmese lawElsa lae et'.ed ^yalagEmeda ma^lok"
qasElgis gwegudza qa^s la et'.ed Le^lalaxa mak'ilaLaxa gilx'de g*ax
yixwa. Wa, a^mese la naqEmg'iltEwe gwayi-liilase qaes mak'ilase.
Wa, g'il-mese g'ek"!olt!Endaxa j'ixwa, lae ^yalagEmeda ma'lokwe
10 qasElg'isa qa^s la Le'lalaxa ala la yi^wenox" tslEdaqa, yixs Lex'.eda-
^maax LegEmasa tslEdaqe yixs Legadaas Q!ayaxstalasexa yl^venoxwe
tslEdaq. He gweg'ilayasa GwetEla laxa kik'ilnala. Wa, la^me
Le^lalasE-wa yixs hamshamtslEsae leda QIayaxstalase. Wa, k"est!e
galaxs g'sixae g'axeLeda ma-'lokwe qasElg'isa. Wa, lii q!wag-a-iila
15 lax awlLEliJsa tiEx-ila. Wa, la yaqlEg'a^leda '^nEmokwe. Wa, la
^nek'a: "G"axk"as^oEmg'ins^nEmokuk\ LaEmk" alak" !iila kwakwa,"
^nek'e. Wa, la ogwaqa j'aq'.Eg-a^leda ^uEmokwe. Wii, la ^nek'a:
"^ya, pepExalai', gwilla oqlusxg^a waldEmg-asg^En ^uEmokuk' wila-
qwe sEX"ts!a g'ax yLx;we Q'.ayaxstalasa qaxs qElkaax dzek'aaxa
20 g"aweq!anEmaxwa dzaqwax," ^nex-'laexs lae qas^ida LE-'wis ^nEmo-
kwe qa^s la q'.wag'alit laxa ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wii, la ^wip ^wip
1 The preceding and following passages evidently describe a particular ceremony, hence the change in
tense.
BOiS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1163
the cry, "Wip, wnp, wip!" at the door of the house.
| And the 22
two men with the rattles at once rattled at the same time, and at
|
once the song-leaders heat time on the beating-board. Then the
|
hamsbamsts !es came with fast steps and went to the dancing-
ll 25
place in the rear of the house. Four songs were sung by the song-
|
leaders on behalf of Q !ayaxstalas ; and as soon as the last song was at
an end, QIayaxstalas stood still; and the speaker of the house
|
spoke, and said, "O friends! Look at your minds! Nobody
|
I
can overcome our great friend. || Now I shall look for a shaman who is 30
really a full-initiate to go and listen for the one for whom we are
|
dancing." Then he called a shaman to be Listener, for that is the
|
name of the one who had been called ; and as soon as the speaker of
the house ended his speech, the shaman went out of the house.
| He|
spoke, and said, "I am Quick-Spark," (for he
|| pretended to be 35
Mouse-Woman in the story). "Now I will go around our world,
|
looking for what we came in this winter dance-house." Thus he
|
said, and turned around to the right in the rear of the house and
|
went to the door, and there he turned again to the right; and then
|
he went out of the door. Now Q !ayaxstalas was dancing || standing 40
in the dancing-place in the rear of the house. It was not long
|
before the Listener came in and stood inside of the door \ and said,
" Keep stiU, keep still, shamans, and listen to me ! I have been
|
^wlpxalaxa tJEX'ila. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ^nEmax'de yat!ededa ma^lo- 22
kwe yayatEmll. Wa, la hex'^ida^meda nenagade Lexdz5daxa
t!Emedz6. Wii, g'axaasa h&mshamts!Ese tsaxala qa^s la laxa yi^we-
^lase laxa ogwiwalile. Wa, lada mosgEm qlEmqiEmdEme dEnx^ida- 25
yasa nenagade qa QIayaxstalase. Wa, giPmese qlulbeda ElxLa^ye
qlEmdEins lae QIayaxstalase Lax^ullla. Wa, la yaq!Eg'a^le yaya-
qlEntEmelasa g'okwe. Wa, la ^nek'a: "^ya, ^ne^nEmok", weg'a do-
qwalaxes nenaqayos qaxs kMeasae la hayaqaxgins ^nEm6x"dzek".
Wa, la^mesEn dox^widLEx ^lak" !ala lax"sa pExala qa lalag'iltse hoLe- 30
laxEns sesEnatElag'ilila." Wa, la Le^lalaxa pExala qa^s HoLaqJEsa
qaxs he^mae LegEmsa la LelwultlalelEms. Wii, g'il^mese q!ulbe
waldEmasa yayaq!Entemil g'axaas g"ax^wult!alileda pExala. Wii, la
yaq!Eg"a^ia. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "NogwaEm Heltsiax slnobex^ide"
(qaxs hebolae Hiilamaiaga liixa niiyame). "Wa, la^mesEn lal lii^sta- 35
IisElalxEiis ^nalax aliix laasasEns g'axela laxwa ts!iigats!ex g'okwa,"
^nek'Exs lae xilpled helk'lEwe^sta laxa ogwiwalile. Wii, la qas^ida
qa^s la laxa tiEx'ila qa^s etlede x"Ilp!ed helk'lEwe^sta. Wii, la
lawEls liixa tlEX'tla. Wa, ax'sa^mesa ylxwax'de yix Qliiyaxstalase
La^wll laxes yE^we^lasa ogwiwalllasa g'okwe. Wii, k'!est!a galaxs 40
g'axae g'axcLe HoLaqlEse qa^s Liix^ullle lax awiLEliisa tiEX'lla.
Wa, lii ^nek"a: " Wii, ts!Emot!ed tslEmot !ed, pepExal, qa^s hoLelaos
g'axEn. LaEmx'dEn lii^stalesxEns ^niilax. La^mesEn sabEnatoxa
1164 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [eth. ann. 35
all around our world, and I have learned his different cries."
|
45 Thus he said, and went to the rear of the house. Thenll the speaker
of the dancing-house spoke, and said, "I think that the super-
|
natural power is already approaching, for the dance of QIayaxstalas
|
can not be excelled; for the supernatural power has come and has
|
been heard by Listener." Thus he said. Then the song-leaders
|
50 beat fast time on the beating-board, and QIayaxstalas|| went out
of the door with fast steps. They continued doing this. And when
|
almost all the women dancers were in the house, then two listeners
|
brought the supernatural power, the ghost-dancer. And after she
|
had danced, the supernatural power whistled at the place where
those who had disappeared arc called. That place is called Super-
|
55 natural-Power-Place. After || the ghost-dancer finished dancing, the
two Listeners were sent out. They went out of the house and
[
listened for the supernatural power, which was making a sound.
]
At once they went out; and they just showed their faces outside of
the door, when they heard the supernatural power sounding like
I
60 whistles. Then they came back and stood inside of the door, |1 and|
one of them said, "Now we have obtained it, shamans, for we have
|
really heard the supernatural power." Then all the Sparrows went
]
out, but the h^mshamts !es, the grizzly-bears, the tox^wid, the
|
I
h2,winalal, and the thunder-bird, and the hamaa, did not go out. ||
ogflqlala laxes gwek* lalasa," ^nek'Exs g'axae qas^ida qa^s la laxa
45 ogwiwalilasa g'okwe. Wa, lit yaq'.Eg'a^e yayaq'.EntEmelasa tslaga-
ts!e. Wa, la^nek"a: "GwalEla^meg'in^uek'Ex^nawalakwalaEmg'ax
ex'iila laeLag'a la heyaqlemag'tns ytxwak* laxg'a Q'.ayaxstalasEk'
qaxs he^mae ^nawalakwe g'axa wuLEltsEns HoLaqlEsex," ^nex'^Iae.
Wfl, la^me Lexdzodeda nenagadaxes tiEmedzo. Wa, la^me tsaxale
50 Q'.ayaxstalasaxs lae lawElsa laxa t'.EX'ila. Wa, la hex'saEm gwe-
g'ila. Wa, gil^mese Elaq ^wFlaeLeda yixwa ts!edaqa lae ma^lokwa
hoLaq'.Ese. Wa, he'mis la laLelaxa ^nawalakwa lElolillale. Wa,
gil-me gwal yLxwaxs lae hek' '.Eg'a^eda ^nawalakwe laxa k'im^yaasaxa
x"ix"Es5la. Wa, heEm Legadss ^nawalaklwas. Wa, g'il^Em gwai
55 ylxweda lElol&lale lae ^yalagEmeda ma^lokwe hoLaqlEsa qa^s le
hoqiiwEls laxa g"okwe qa^s le hoLelaxa ^nawalakwa hek" !ala. Wa,
hex'4da^mese lax^da^x" hoquwElsa. Wa, iVmise nelEmx'^id laxa
t'.Ex-ilaxs lae wuLax^aLElaxa ^nawalakwaxs lE'mae hek'lalaxa le-
x'Exse. Wii, g'axda^xwe xwelaqa qa^s qlwag'alile lax &wiLElasa t!E-
60 xlla. Wa, la ^nek'eda ^nEmSkwe: "La^mEns laLa, pepExiil, qaxg'a-
nu^x" la^mek' ala wuLax^aLElax ^nawalakwa." Wii, hex'^ida^mese
^wFla la hoqflwElseda gwegQdza. Wa, lii k"!es ogwaqaEm la
hoqiiwElseda hilmsha,mts!Ese LE^wa nenane LE^wa tox^wide
LE^wa h&wlnalale LE^wa kukilnxillale LE^wa hamaa. Wa,
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1165
But all the fool-dancers went out and the grizzly-bear dancers 65
|
together with the Sparrow Society, for they are not allowed to see
the painters who paint the sacred room — the Head-without-Body
I
and those who prepare the supernatural treasure of the t5x^wid.
|
Therefore they all went out together with the fool-dancers, the|
nanaqawalil, and the nolEme^sta, and also the || grizzly-bear dancer,— 70
for all these belonged with the half-initiates, the kwexElak". Then
|
the sacred room was quickly painted before dayUght came in the
morning, and it was put up; and as soon as it was finished, they
|
waited for dayUght; and when it was broad dayhght in the morning,
| |
four members of the Sparrow Society were called; and when they
came in, they quickly painted their faces with charcoal and after 75||
this had been done, they put eagle-down on to them; and they
|
always had belts around their waists. And they kept together|
always with their Sparrow canes. As soon as this was done, thej'^
|
went out of the door of the winter dance- house. They entered
|
all the houses and called || all the h&msh5mts !es, grizzly-bears, 80
tox^wid, hawinalal, and thunder-bird dancers, and also the
I
hamaa; for they all had gone out for a while to eat in their houses.
| |
Then the heralds said, "We are walking to capture the super-|
natural power." Thus they said when they named the various 1|
dancers of those who owned dances, and also the members of the 85
he^misLal la ^wFla hoqtiwElseda noEnlEmala LE^wa nEnqlolEla 65
^nEmax'^id LE^wa gwegudza, qaxs k'lesae helqlolEm doqfllaxa
k"!ak'!Et!enoxwaxs lae k"!ataxa mawilexa xEqwalole LE^wa g'ltiixa
Logwa^yasa tox^wide, yLss he^mae la hoquwEls nEmax'^id LE^wa
noEnlEmalaxa nanaqawalile LE^wa nolEme^sta; wa, he^misLeda
nEnq'.olEla, qaxs hii^sta^mae g'a^yol laxa wix^saxa kwexElakwe. Wa, 70
laEm ha^nakwela k' !atasE^weda mawilaxs k" !es-mae ^nax"4daxa gaala
qa^s ax^alelEme. Wa, giPmese gwala lae ^Em ^naxwa esEla qa
^nax"^ides. Wa, giPmese q'.ulala ^nax'^idxa gaaliixs lae et'.ed Le-
^lalasE^weda mokwe gwegwatslEma. Wa, g'iPmese g'ax hogwiLa lae
hanax^wid tsIotslElEmtsa ts!6lna. Wa, g-il^mese gwala lae qEmx- 75
^witsa qEmxwiisa kwekwe laxes hemEnala^mae wiiseg'Ekwases wu-
seg'ano. Wa, la hemEnalaEm q !ap !ex"sa LE^wis gwegwesp !eqe. Wa,
gtPmese gwala lae qas^ida qa^s lii hoquwEls laxa tiEx'Ilasa ts'.agats'.e
gokwa. Wa, la^me laLlESEla laxa ^naxwa g'ig'okwa qa^s Le^lalexa
^naxwa hamsh&mtslEsa LE^wa nenane LE^wa tox^wid LE^wa 80
hawinalal LE^wa kwekukunxidale ; wa, he^misLeda hamaa
qaxs lE^mae yawas^Id ^wFla hoquwEls qa^s lii hamx'^id laxes
g'ig'okwe. Wa, la^me ^nek'eda qeqasElg'ise: "La^mEnu^x" qasai'
qaEns kimyaeneLaxa ^nawalakwe," ^nek'Exs lae LeLEqElax al^ogQla
leladEsa lelaenenukwe LE^wa gwegiidza. "Wa, la^niets lal LexExse- 85
1166 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
86 Sparrow Society. "Now you will go and beat the house-boards,|
you half-initiates, for those who will be met with dances are our people
who are going to be caught, the supernatural ones." Thus said|
one of the heralds. As soon as the speech was at an end, the|
three others said together, "Arise quickly!" They entered|
first the house at the lower end of the village, and they came
90 toward the upper end of the village, going toward the winterII
dance-house. Immediately all the Sparrows and those who own
|
dances came in, and entered the winter dance-house. When they
j |
had all come in, the members of the Sparrow Society, of the half-
initiates, the fool-dancers, the bear-dancers, and the nanaqawalll,
I
95 and the nolEme^sta came in, || and sat down at the right-hand side
inside of the door of the winter-dance house. As soon as all those|
who owned dances—the half-initiates and the Sparrow Society—were
in, the speaker of the winter-dance house spoke, and said to|
I
the full-initiates, "Now, shamans, put eagle-down on yourselves,
|
you full-initiates, for we will go to catch our great friend." Thus he
400 said. "Now, you full-initiates, Sparrow women, you will meet himll
dancing. You half-initiates. Sparrows and Sparrow women, you|
shall beat the house-boards," thus he said, and all the Sparrows,\
and all the dance owners arose and went out of the door of the danc-|
ing-house.
I
5 (They never did as modern people are doing. || The tox^wid and
the thunder-bird dancers each sing one at a time their sacred songs |,
86 g'lLol, wewix'sa qa yaya^walaLaxEns k'imyasoLaxa ^nawalakwe,"
^nek'eda ^nEmokwe laxa qasElgise. Wa, gil^mese qlfilbe waldEmas
lae ^nEmadzaqwa, -nek'eda yudukwe wa6x"s: "HalagiliLEsai'," yJxs
hae g'il laeLa gwabalasasa g"ox"dEmse. Wa, la gwasolfila laxa
90 ^nElbalasasa g"ox"dEmse lalaa laxa ts'.agatsle g-okwa. Wa, la^lae
aEm hex-'idaEm ^wFla g'axeda gwegiidza LE^wa ^naxwa lelaenok"
qa^s g'axe -wi'la hogweLa laxa ts'.agatsle g'okwa. Wii, gil^Em'la-
wise g"ax ^wPlaeLa g-axaas hSgwcLeda gwegiidzasa wlx'sa LE^wa
noEnlEmala LE^wa nEnq!o}Ela LE^wa nanaqawalUe LE^wa nolEme'sta
95 qa^s la k!us-alil laxa helk" lotstalitasa awlLEliisa t'.Ex-ilasa ts!agats!e
g'okwa. Wa, g'il^mese ^wi^laeLe lelaenokwasa wix'sa LE^wis gwe-
giidza laa^lase yaq'.Eg-a^le yayaqlEntemilasa ts!agats!e g-okwa. Wa,
la-'lae -neka laxa lax'sa: "LaEms kimx-'widLol, pepExal, j'ULaxs
lax'saex qEns lalag'il kimyalxEns ^nEmox"dza," ^nex'^lae. "Wa,
400 la^mesLEs yaya^walaLol, lelax'sa, gAvegugiits'.axsEm. Wa, laLES
LexExseg'eLol, wewLx^sa gwegiidza le-'w6s gwegiigfltsIaxsEmx,"
^nex'^laexs lae ^wi^la qlwagilileda gwegiidza LE^wa ^naxwa lelaene-
' nokwa qa^s la hoquwEls laxa t'.Ex'ilasa tsliigats'.e.
(Wa, la^me hewaxa he gweg-ilox lax gwegilatsa alex bEgwanEmxs
5 Enal-nEmok'.Gmk'ae yeyalaqwaxa tox^wide LE^wa k'ik'inqalaLEla
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1167
before all the Sparrows go out of the house, when they are about to 6
catch those who have disappeared. The}" did so only lately when
I
they became mixed with the Awlk' !enox", for they do that way
|
when they catch those who have disappeared — the hamats !a,
|
and his k'inqElaLEla, and q!aminagas, and the nontse^stalal, and ll
grizzly bear of the door of the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-of- 10
World, for at first they all sing their sacred songs at the same time,
|
those whom the Awik" !enox" call olala, and who are called by the
|
Kwag'ul tSx^wid, and the shaman dancers and the k'inqElaLEla.
|
As soon as all have sung each his sacred song, the Awik" !enox" all 15
|
come out of the winter dance-house to catch || those who have
disappeared.)
|
As soon as all have gone out, they shout at the same time, and say,
"Oh, you shall be made poor by the supernatural power! Wo,
I
wo, wo." They say so four times. Then they walk together to the
|
place where the supernatural power is caught, at the mouth of the 20
|
river Ts lElgwad for that is where the hamshamts !es shows himself.
Il
As soon as those who are to catch him arrive at the mouth of the
|
river, the hamshamts !es comes out of the woods, and takes hold of
|
one of the Sparrows, and bites a piece out of his left arm; and as
|
soon as the piece that he has bitten comes off, he takes another one
of the Sparrows and bites him; and he bites another one; and
I ||
still another one, the last one; and as soon as the last one has been 25
ytxs k"!es^mae hoquwElseda ^naxwa gwegudza, yixs k'imyeLaxa 6
x"Ix"isala yixs al-maex he gweg'ihixs lae q !uq lulgox^wid LE^wa
Awik" lenoxwe, yixs hile gweg'ilaxs k^imyaaxes x'ix'Esalaxa hamats!a
LE^wis kinqalaLEla LE^wa qlaminagas LE^wa nonltse^stalal LE^wa
nEiistalllas tlExllas g'okwas Bax"bakwillauux"siwe«, yixs a^mawis- 10
Lae ^naxwa ^nJii^nEmok'.Qmk'a yalaqulaxa gwE^yasa Awik' lenoxwe
5lala, yix gwE^yasa Kwag-ule tox^wida LE^wa paxalalale LE^wa
k'ik'inqalaLEla. Wa, g'il^mese ^wi^la yalaqwaxs lae hoqilwElseda
Awik'Ienoxwe laxa ts!agats!e g'okwa qa^s la laxes kimyaasLaxes
x'ix'Esala.) 15
Wa, g-ipEm^lawise ^wi^lawElsa lae ^nEmadzaqwa ^nek'a: "Sas wfin-
g'il mEweLas ^nawalakwa. Wo, wo, wo, wo." Wa, mop lEndzaqwaxs
lae ^nek-a. Wa, la^lae loxmalaxs lae qas^da qa^s la laxa k'imyaase
ox"siwa^yasa -'was Ts lElgwade, qaxs he^mae nex-ne^latsa h&msham-
tslEse. Wa, g-iPEm^awise lag-aa, yixa k'imya laxa ox"siwa^yasa 20
^wa, g-axaalasa hamshamts'.Ese g-ax-'wult!a laxa aLle qa^s dax-^idexa
^nEmokwe laxa gwegudza qa^s q!Ex-^idex gEmxolts!ana^yas. Wa,
g'il-'mese lawamasxes q!Ek"oy6 lae etled dax-'idxa ^nEmokwe gwe-
giidza qa^s qlEX'^ideq. Wa, la etiedxa ^nEmok" qlEx-^idEq, Wa,
la etled qlEx'^idxa la ElxLa^ya. Wa, he^misa la ElxLe q!Ex-ms6«s 25
,
1168 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
26 bitten, he takes hold of the hamshUmtslEs; and then the three
|
members of the Sparrow Society, who had first been bitten, help
|
the one who was bitten last. Now the four members of the Sparrow
Society who have been bitten are called the s^laLEla of the h&ms-
|
hamts !es. They just go ahead of those who try to catch the (novice)
|
30 and they go back. And all go to the || beach of the winter-dance
house. Then the half-initiate Sparrows and the Sparrow women
|
fii-st come out. Each carries a baton, and they are just standing
|
outside near the front boards of the house, and they beat time on
|
the front boards of the house in I five part rhythm, which is called
35 "one beat between." x\s soon as || the half-initiate Sparrows beat
time on the boards, all the dancers, the full-initiate Sparrow women,
|
come out of the house and stand in a row on the shore in front of
[
the dancing-house. They just dance with the time-beating on the
|
front boards of the house. No song is sung. This is called "meet-
|
ing with a dance those who have been caught," namely, the dancing
40 without
II a song, when those who have, caught those who have dis-
appeared arrive at the beach. Some Kwakiutl say "the one taken
|
hold of," for that is another name for the one caught. Now the
|
hamshamtslEs dances witli his four songs, which are sung by the
|
song-leaders on the beach of the winter dance- house. As soon as
|
45 the last song of the song-leaders is ended, || the full-initiate Sparrow
women, who meet the novice with dancing, come into the house, and
26 dax'-idxa hamshamtslEse. Wa, leda yudukwe g'ilx'de q'.EX'^itso^s
gwegttdza la g'iwalaxa la eIxlb qlEx'^ItsE^wa. Wa, lasm Legadeda
mokwe q!eq!Eg'Ek" gwegudzas salaLElaxa hS,mshS,mts!Es. Wa,
a^mise la g'alag'iwalitsa k'imyaxs g"axae aedaaqa, qa^s la ^wFla lax
30 LlEma^isasa ts!agats!e g"okwa. Wa, he^mis g'il g"ax hoquwElseda
wewix"sa gwegudza LE'wis gwegutsIaxsErae. Wa, la^me qlwalxE-
wunkiilaxa t'.Emyayowe. Wa, sVmise q'.waxseg'ilsaxa tsaqEma'yasa
g"6kwe. Wa, la 'nEmax""id t'.Emedzodxa tsaqEma^yasa g'okwasa
tlEmsawelta^yas tiEmyasxa Legadas LexEhxkwe. Wa, g"iPEmx"dE-
35 wese LexElx'^ideda wlx'sa gwegudza g"axaas hoqiiWElsEleda ^naxwa
yeyixut^^ya lelax'sS. gwegutsIaxsEraa qa^s la yipEmg'aEls lax oxwi-
wa^yasa L lasansVyasa ls!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, laEm wiil^Em yi.xwasa
LexEdza^yaxa tsagEme, k"!e^s qlEmdsm dEnxElaya. Wii, heEm
LegadEs yaya^walaxa k"imyanEme yixa wul^Em yixwasa k" lease
40 qlEmdEma yLxs g'axae g'tix^aLEleda k'lmyiixa x'lsalax'de. Wa, la
^nek'eda waokwe Kwag'ulqexs dauEmae qaxs he=mae ^nEm LegEmsa
k'imyanEme. Wa, la^me yixweda hS,mshamts!Esasa mosgErae
qlEmqiEmdEms lae dfinxElayaso nenagadelax LlEma^isasa ts!agats!e
g'okwa. Wa, gil^mese q'.iilbeda ElxLa^ye dEnxElayasa nenagade lae
45 '"wFla hogwiLa yaya^wala lelax'sa gwegiits!axsEma qa^s la klus^alil
UOAS] • FAMILY HISTORIES 1169
sit down on each side of the rear part of the sides of the house. 46
I
Then the half-initiates come in and sit down at each side of the
|
door. As soon as they are all in, those who caught the novice come
I
in, and they stand in the rear of the house; and when they have aU
|
come in, the || hSmshamts !es comes into the door and cries, " Wip 50
wip, wip !" and the four whom he has bitten are still near him. At
I
once j the song-leaders sing songs with fast time-beating ; and as
soon as the songs with the fast time-beating are at an end, the song
|
leaders sing again with slow time-beating. There are three songs
|
with slow time-beating, || besides the one with fast time-beating. 55
Now all the fidl-initiate Sparrow women dance near the hams-
|
hfimts !es when he is dancing and when the last song of the song-
; |
leaders is at an end, the song-leaders beat fast time on the boards.
|
Then the hamshamtslEs runs about quickly, going around the fire
|
in the middle of the house. As soon as he goes toward his || sacred 60
room, the Head-without-Body, the mouth of the Head-without-
Body, opens, and the hamshamtslEs goes into the mouth. The
|
|
four companions of the hamshamts !es have no time to go in also
before the mouth of the sacred room with Head-without-Body
|
shuts. Immediately all the members of the Sparrow Society and
|
all the Sparrow women go out, and go home to their || houses. Only 65
the owners of dances are still sitting in the winter dance-house.
|
When evening comes Waxap !alaso« calls his four heralds, members
|
laxa ^wax'sanegwilasa ^nElk' '.odoyalilasa g"okwe. Wa, g'axe g'axe- 40
Leda wewix'sa qa^s lii klus'alil laxa ^wax'sotstalilasa tiEX'iia. Wa,
gil^mese ^wFlaeLa g'axaas hogwiLEleda k'imyax"de qa^s la qlwag'a-
lil laxa Sgwiwahlasa g'okwe. Wa, g'il^mese^wi^lacLag'axaasa hams-
hamtslEse g'axeLa laxa tlex'ila. Wii, la^me ^wip ^wip ^wipxa. Wa, 50
la^me hex'sa^ma mokwe q!eq!Eg'Ex"s nExwalaLElaq. Wa, hex'^ida-
^mesa nenagade dEnx^Its tsaxala q!EmdEms. Wa, giPmese qlulba
tsaxala q !EmdEms lae et !ed dEnx^ideda nenagadasa nEqaxElas t !Em-
yas q'.EmdEms. Wa, yixs yudux"sEmae nEqaxEla qlEmqlEmdEms
5gu^la laxa ^uEmsgEme tsaxala q lEmdEms. Wa, la^me ^naxwa yLxwe- 55
mela lelax'sawe gwegiits!axsEmxa hS,mshamts!Esaxs lae yixwa.
Wa, g'll-mese qlulbeda ElxLa^ye dEnxElayasa nenagadaxs lae lbxe-
dzodeda nenagadaxes t!Emedzo. Wa, la alt'.EqElecla hamshamts !e-
saxs lae la^stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wa, gil^mese la guyolEla faxes
mawila x'osalole, lae aqElile sEmsasa x'osalole. Wa, la laeLeda qq
hamshamts !Ese lax sEmsas. Wii, la^me wisomala la ogwaqa laeLeda
mokwe salaLElaxa hamshamts '.Esaxs lae qEmx^wIdeda sEmsasa
x'osalole mawila. Wa, la^me hex'^idaEm ^wPla hoquwElseda ^naxwa
gwegudza LE^wa ^naxwa gweguts!axsEma qa^s la na^nak" laxes
g'ig'okwe. Wa, a^mesLa hex'saEm k!iidzeleda lelaenenokwa laxa 55
tsa!gats!e g-okwa. Wii, gil^mese dzaqwaxslae Le^lale Waxaplalaso-
^waxa mokwe cjeqasElgis gwegudza. Wa, giPmese g'ax hogwiLa
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 25
—
1170 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ann. 35
68 of the Sparrow Society. As soon as they come into the winter
\
dance-house, they dress up in the way in which heralds always
|
70 dress. As soon as they have finished, they come out || of the winter
dance-house, and go to the other end of the village. Then they step
|
into the door of the house, and stand inside of the door. Then one of
|
them, the speaker, says:
"We wUl try to restore to his senses Nanogwis, shamans.
|
"We will tame Nanogwis, shamans.
||
75 " We wUl quiet Nanogwis, shamans.
|
"We wiU heal Nanogwis, shamans."
|
It is only one of them who speaks; and as soon as he has finished
the four ways of caUing, the three companions of the speaker say
|
I
80 all together, "You will go in hefore dark, shamans." || And the mem-
bers of the Sparrow Society, who are invited, always say when the
speech of the herald is finished, "We shall go now;" and the heralds
|
always speak this way, going to all the houses. Some of the mem-
| \
bers of the Sparrow Society go at once into the winter-dance house;
|
and the boys of the Sparrow Society beat fast time for the members
85 of the Sparrow Society, || when they go in. When all the members
of the wSparrow Society come in, going together, the Sparrow boys
|
beat fast tune, and say at the same time "Hai hai!" The Sparrow
|
boys only stop beating time when almost all the members of the
|
Sparrow Society are in the house. As soon as the heralds have called
68 laxa ts!agats!e g'okwa, lae hex'^idaEm qlwalax'^ida laxes heniEna-
hiEm qlwalax'exs qeqasElgisae. Wa, giPmese gwala lae hoquwElsa
70 laxa 1s!agats!e gokwa qa^s la laxa apsbalasasa g'ox^dEms. Wii, la
hogwiL laxa tlEX'Ilasa g'okwe qa^s qlwag'alile lax awlLElasa t!Ex"ila.
Wa, la ^nek'eda ^nEmokwe yaqlEntEma^yas:
"La^mEns uanaqEmaLai', pepEx^lai', lax Nanogwisai'.
La^niEns tEmElqwaLai', pepExSlai', lax Nanogwisai'.
75 La^niEns yalaLai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'.
La^niEus lielik-aLai', pepExalai', lax Nanogwisai'."
Wa, la^me ^nEmox"^ma yaq!Ent!ala. Wa, g'lPmese ^wilxtocLxa
mox^widala qayalaene^s lae ^nemadzaqweda yudukwe qaswutsa
yaq'.EntEma-'yas, ^neta: "NanEmts!i\EmLEs, pepExSlai'." Wa, la
80 hemEnala^meda gwegvidzaxa qasasE^we ^nek'Exs lae qlulbe walds-
masa qeqasElgise: "HeLEnu'x" gwiilaLe." Wa, la hex-sa-'mese
gwek' laleda qeqasElgise laxtolsalaxa ^naxwa gig'okwa. Wa,
la^me hex'^ida^ma waokwe gwegtidza la hogweLEla laxa ts'.iigatsle
gokwa. Wa, la^ma gwagugwedzEme LexLexa qaeda gwegudziixs
85 lae hogwiLEla. Wa, gil^mese ^vPlaeLeda gwegOdza laxes lalloxma-
lae lae t'.Emsalodeda gwixgugwedzEme qa^s ^nEuiadzaqwe hai haixa.
Wa, al^mese gwala gwagugwedzEni LexLexaxs lae Elaq ^vi^laeLeda
^uaxwa gwegildza. Wa, g'U^mese moplene^steda qeqasElgise lana-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1171
four times, going back, all the members of the Sparrow Society andI
the Sparrow women and the Span-ow children come into the house. 90II
At once the four who had been bitten by the hamshamts !es in the
|
morning, who are now his assistants, stand on each side of the
|
sacred room with the Head-without-Body. The assistants do not|
stand there a long time before the mouth of the sacred room with the
Head-without-Body opens; and immediately Nanogwis, for that is
|
the name of the hamshamts !es, || shouts, "Wip, wip, wip!" inside of 95
the sacred room with the Head-without-Body, and at once the\
song-leaders sing with fast beating of time. Then Nanogwis comes|
out wearing on his head the cannibal-mask with revolving top.
|
He goes around the fire in the middle of the house dancing; and as|
soon as he has gone around the fire in the middle of the house, il
the mouth of the Head-without-Body opens, and Nanogwis goes into 500
the mouth of the Head-without-Body. As soon as he has gone in,|
the mouth shuts, and the four assistant members of the Sparrow
|
Society have no time to go in also. Two of them stand on each
|
side of the mouth of the Head-without-Body of the sacred room.
I
Then the song with fast beating is at an end, |1 and the mouth of the 5
Head-without-Body opens again. Nanogwis cries "Wip, wip, wip!"
|
inside of the mouth, and immediately the song-leaders sing a song
|
with slow beating of time. Then Nanogwis comes out of the mouth|
and dances. He dances around the fire in the middle of the house;
I
xwa qatse^staxs g'axae ^wPlaeteda ^naxwa gwegudza LE^wa gwegtt-
ts!axsEme LE^wa gwagugwedzEme. Wa, lasm aEm hex'^idaEm la 90
qlwag^allleda mokwe q!eq!Eg'Ex"sa hamshamts !Esaxa gafdaxa la
salaLElaq lax ^wax"sanoLEina^yasa miiwile x'osalQla. Wa, k'!es^lat!a
gael qlwaela salaLElaxs laa^lase aqElile sEmsasa xosalole mawila.
Wa, la^lae hex-'ida^me Nanogwis, qaxs he^mae LegEmsa htimsham-
tslEse hamts'.Eg'a^la. ^wip ^wip ^wipxa lax awlL'.Exawa^yasa sEinsasa 95
x^osalole mawila. Wa, IMae hex'^ida^ma nenagade dEnx^idEs tsa-
xala q!EmdEms. Wa, g'ax^Ein^lae Nanogwise axEmalaxes x'ilplE-
gEXLiila hamsEmla. Wa, la^lae la^stalilElax laqawalllasa g'okwaxs
ylxwae. Wa, g'iPEm^lawise la^stalitxa laqawalilaxs lae aqElTle
SEmsasa x'osalole. Wii, la^lae haeLEla^me Nanogwise lax sEmsasa 500
x'osalole. Wa, gipEin^lawise laeLExs lae qEmk'.ug'a^leda sEmse.
Wa, laEm^xae wisomala ogwaqa laeLeda mokwe gwegudza sala-
LElas. Wa, aEm^lawise la qlwaeleda maema^lokwe lax ^wax'sano-
dzExsta^yas sEinsasa x'osalole mawila. Wa, laEin^lae q!ulbe
tsaxala qlEmdEms. Wa, la^lae et!ed aqElile sEmsasa x'osalole. 5
Wa, la^lae ^wip ^wip ^wipxa Nanogwise lax awlL lExawa-'yasa
SEmse. Wa, la hex'Hda^ma nenagade dEnx^idEs iiEqaxEla qlEm-
dEms. Wii, g'ax^Em^lae Nanogwise g'ax^wiilts'.a laxa sEms qa^s
ylx^wlde. Wa, laEm^lae yExse^stalaxa laqawalllasa g'okwe. Wa,
1172 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 35
10 iind II when the song with slow time-heating is at an end, Nanogwis
|
just sits down on the floor of the house. He does not wear the
cannibal-mask, for he has on his head the flat head-ring of red
|
cedar-hark, and his neck-ring is also of flat cedar-ltark. As soon as
|
the song-leaders sing the other song with slow beating of time, he
|
15 dances. When || that is at an end again, Nanogwis sits down on the
floor of the house; and when the song-leaders sing the last song
|
with slow beating of time, Nanogwis arises and dances again. He
|
dances as he is going toward the sacred room with the Head-
|
without-Bod}^ As soon as he reaches it, the mouth opens, and
|
20 Nanogwis goes into the
il mouth of the sacred room with the Head-
without-Body. And as soon as he has gone in, the mouth shuts.
|
After this Nanogwis has been quieted.
|
The tongs and white cedar-bark were never used as modern
|
people use them for the hamats !a who has been caught, when they
|
bring him back to his senses the first time in the evening after he has
25 been caught, when he still || has on his head-ring of hemlock-branches
and his neck-ring of hemlock-branches, and when he dances to a
|
song with fast beating of time and with one song with slow beating
|
of time. As soon as the song with slow beating of time is at an end,
|
the hamats !a never tries to dance, for he pretends that he is not in
|
his senses. He has many attendants who try to hold him when he is
30 running about. Therefore the speaker of the winter dance-houseIi
|
10 laEm^lawise q'.iiiba nEqaxEla q!EmdEms. Wa, iXEm^lawise Nano-
gwise klwag'allla. Wa, la^me k"!es axEmalaxes hSmsEmle (jaxs
a^mae qEX'Emalaxa LEpala L'.agEkwa. Wii, laxae LEpala L!agEkwe
qEnxawa^yas. Wa, g"iPmese et'.ed dEnx^ededa nenagadas ^uEms-
gEme nEqaxEla qlEindEms lae hex'^idaEm yix^wlda. Wii, g'il-
15 -'Emxaawise q'.iilbaxs lae Nanogwise k!wag"alila. Wa, gtPmese
et!ed dEnx^ededa nenSgadasa ElxLa^ye nEqaxEla qlEmdEms lae
hex^ida^me Nanogwise Lax^iilil qa^s ylx^wlde. Wii, la^me yo^na-
kulaxs lae gwEyolEla hixes mawlla xosalole. Wii, g'U^Em^lilwise
lag'aa laqexs lae aqElile SEmsas. Wa, la^lae Nanogwise laeL laxa
20 sEmsases x'osalole mawila. Wii, g'tpEm^liiwise laeLExs lae qEm-
k!ug"a4eda SEmse. Wii, la^me yal^ide Nanogwise liixeq.
Wa, la^me hewiixa &x^etsE^weda ts'.esLalii LE^wa k"adzEkwe lilx
gweg'ilasasa alex bEgwiinEma qaeda k'tmyilnEme hiimatsia, yixs
g iVmae nanaqamas5xa ganoLas k imyanEmx'dEmas, ytxs hex"sii-
25 ^mae qEX'Emeses q'.wilxe LE^wis qEnxawa^ye qlwaxa, yixs lae
yixwasa ^uEmsgEme tsaxfda q'.EmdEms. Wii, he^misa ^uEmsgEme
nEqaxEla qlEmdEms. Wii, giPmese qlulba uEqiixEla qlEmiJEms
lax hewiixae nExtEmoxwet yixwaxa hiimatsla qaexs k'lesbolaela
nagesiila. Wii, laEm qlenEme helek'iisxa wilx'e dildalaqexs dzii-
30 laxwi^liilae. Wii, he-mis liigilasa yayaq '.EntEmelasa ts!iigats!e
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1173
speaks, and says, "Now, keep stiU, song-leaders, that the attend- 32
|
ants may place (the white cedar-bark) upon our great friend here,
|
that they may burn over his face with the white cedar-bark napkin
of our young women, for probably some of them are menstruating.
|
We will really try to secure him, that our great friend may be tamed.
Il
Now come, K !wak Iwaxsdala, and perform your office." Thus he 35
says. Then the speaker of the house sits down, and the attendants
I
assemble and sit around the hamatsla at the left-hand side in the
|
rear of the winter dance- house. Then K !wak Iwaxsdala comes
|
carrying long tongs with white cedar-bark tied to the end. This is
|
called "face burner of the || newly returned hamatsla." The name 40
of this one is "hamatslayadzEwal," if his ancestors come from the
|
Awlk' lenox" ; and if his ancestors come from the Bellabella he is
|
called "burner of the newly returned hamatsla." Then K!wa-
|
k Iwaxsdala, who is burner of the newly returned liamats !a, for that
|
is his name, arises. He speaks, and says, || "I have come, friends, 45
to do what you wish me to do. It is a difficult matter. Now here
|
are also the white cedar-bark napkins of our four beloved ones (the
|
princesses) with which I shall burn the face of this great supernatural
one. Now, song-leaders, beat fast time for me." Thus he says
|
and puts white cedar-bark tied to the tongs of the fire in the
|
middle of the winter dance-house. 1| As soon as the white cedar-bark 50
catches fire, he looks at the hamats !a, and he goes to him with fast
|
yaqlEg'a^ia. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wag'aEmllas sEltledLEx nenagad 31
qa wag'iLtsa helik'a haxsEmhlaxgins ^nEm6x"dzek" qEns wag^il
uEwequmdqEk' yis edEmasEns ealostagasex kleasg'anEmael exEnta-
sox qaxglns la^mek" alak"!ala lal6L!a qa yal^Idesgins ^nEmox^dzek'.
Wa, la^mets g'axLol, K!wak!waxsdal laxg^as k"!es-6gw6s," ^nex^^lae. 35
Wii, la^me kiwag'alileda yayaqlEntemlle. Wa, iVmese la loxsEinlT-
leda helik'a klutse^stalaxa hamatsla laxa gEmxQtewalilasa ts!agats!e
g'okwa. Wa, g'ax^me K'.wak Iwaxsdala dalaxa g"ilt!a tsIesLala.
Wit, la k"!tlx"balaxa k'adzEkwe. Wii, hcEm LegadEs uEwegwayoxa
alwultlala hamatsla. Wii, g'a^mes LegEmsa hamats layiidzEwalexa 40
g'ilyolas g'ilg'ahse laxa Awlk" lenoxwe loxs hiie g'iiyole g'ilg'alise
laxa Heldza^qwe nEweqidgisaxa iilwiiltliila hiimatsla. Wii, lit
ulx^ulile Klwaklwaxsdalaxa nEwequlgisaxa iiiwultliila hamatsla,
qaxs he^mae LegEmse. Wa, la yiiqlEg'a^la; wii, lii ^nek'a:
"G'ax^mEn ^ne^uEinok" laxg'as gwE^yogwos qEii eaxena^yaxg'ada 45
laxwiilak". Wii, g"iix^Emxaiiwisg'ada eedEmg'asEns mokwex
hiElwina'yEns, qEn nEwequlaxwa ^walasex Logwala. Wii, la^mets
nensigad LexLexaLol qaEn," ^nek'Exs laexs lae axLEntsa k'iidzEkwe
kulbesa tslesLala liixa laqiiwalllasa tslagatsle g"okwa. Wii, g'il-
^mese x'lx'EqEleda IcadzEkwaxs lae doqwalaxa hamats laxs lae 50
tsaxala. Wii, lii hex'^ida^ma nenagade LexEdzodxes tlEmedzo.
1174 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [iviii. ann. 35
52 steps. At once the song-leaders beat fast time. Then the burner|
jumps up, and the song-leaders strike with their batons, all at the
same time. Four times the burner jumps up. Then he swings|
|
over all of them the face-burner for the hamatsla. Immediately II
55 the hamatsla cries "Hap!" Four times he swings his burner over]
the hamatsla; and after he has done so four times, the burner|
throws into the corner of the house his cedar-bark for burning,
and utters the cannibal cry each time when he turns around and
I
swings the burning cedar-bark over the hamatsla. As soon as this
|
GO is done, || the new hamatsla utters the canni])al-cry, and immedi-
ately the song-leaders boat fast time on the boards. Four times|
the new hamats !a goes around the iire in the middle of the dancing-j
house, and his hemlock-branches are dropping off as he is running;
|
and as soon as all the hemlock-branches have dropped off, after he|
has gone around four times, he goes into his sacred room, and immcdi-
65 ately his cannil)al headmask shuts its mouth. Then the song-||
leaders sing the one song of all the forehead-masks which come
I
from the Awik' !enox", or from the Bellabella. Then ho comes out
|
of his room wearing his cannibal forehead-mask and dances; and|
when the song is at an end, he sits down outside of the sacred room|
and shakes himself, while the song-leaders are beating fast time. ||
70 Then he turns around four times, wearing liis cannibal head-mask,
and cries out "Hap, hap, hap!" and the (jaws of the mask) snap.|
52 Wii, g'il^mese dEX'ustaweda nEwequlg'ise lac t!Emsal5deda nen^-
gade. Wii, lii m6p!Ena dEx'ustaweda nEweqiilg isaxs lae niEle-
gELEyintscs nEwegwayowe laxa hamats !a. Wa, hex'^ida^meseda
55 hamatsla hamts!Eg-a4a. Wa, lii mdplEna mElegELEyintses nEwe-
gwayowe laxa hamatsla. Wii, g'il'Em moplEnaxs lae tslEx'ededa
nEwequlg'isaxes nEwegwayowe laxa onegwilasa g'okwe qa^s
hamtslEg'a^le lilxes qlwalxo-mae x'ilpledExs lae mElegELEyintsa
nEwegwayowe laxa hiimatsla. Wii, gil-'mese gwala lae hiimtslEg-a-
(iO ^leda alomase hamatsla. Wii, hex"^ida^mesa nEnagade LexEdzodxes
tlEmedzo. Wa, la^me moplEne^stalileda aUlmase hamatsla lii^sta-
lIlElaxa laqawalllasa tsliigatsle g'okwa. Wii, la^'me teqEmgElxLii-
laxes q!waq!uxElax'de. Wii, g'll^mese ^wi^laweda q Iwaq liixEliisexs lae
moplEne^stalTla. Wii, la^me laeL laxes mawile. Wii, hex'^ida^mese
(i5 cjEmkluga'le hamslwa^yas. Wii, lii hex--lda^ma nen.agade dEux-its
^nEmsgEmgilga^yasa ^naxwa hehamslwesa g"ay6le laxa Awlk" leno-
xwe LE^wa Heldza^qwe. Wii, g ax^ma hiimsiwiila yix^wElt!ahlEla
laxes mawile. Wii, giPmese qliilbe qlEuidEmas lae klwilg'alil lax
Lliisalliases mawile la bakweg'Ilaxs lae Lexaleda nenagade. Wa,
70 g'il'mese moplEna xtlplideda hamslwaliixs lae hap hap hap hapxaxs
lae qEmklwiila. Wii, la^me Lax^ulilaxs laaseet!ed dEnx'ededa nena-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1175
Then he arises and the song-leaders sing again the same songs, which 72
|
they sang first, and he goes toward the door dancing and wearing|
his cannibal head-mask. Wlien the song is at an end, he sits down|
while the song-leaders are beating fast time, and he shakes him-
self; and when he has turned around four times, he utters the 75
II
cannibal-cry; and when he rises again, the song-leaders sing again.
|
Then he dances again, going to the rear of the house, and he dances
|
in front of the sacred room. As soon as the song is at an end, the|
song-leaders beat fast time. Then he goes into his sacred room;|
and when he has gone into his sacred room, the hamats !a comes out ||
naked, and goes around the fire in the middle of the house. Then 80
he goes right back into his sacred room. And it is not long before
|
I
the song-leaders sing a song with slow time-beating. Then the
hamats !a comes out of his sacred room, and dances, and he wears a
|
black bearskin blanket, and he wears a red cedar-bark ring around
|
his neck, and a red cedar-bark ring on his head, and anklets, and 85||
arm-rings. The k'inqalaLEla dances near him, going in front of the
|
hamats !a, who is not wild. Four songs with slow beating are
| |
sung with his dance while he is wearing the black bear-skin blanket.
When the last song of the song-leaders is nearly ended, he goes into
|
his sacred room. Now he is tamed. For four winters he always 90|| |
dances four times, according to the manner of the Awlk' !enox" ; and
|
after the hamats !a has danced four times for four winters, he
|
ceases being hamats !a; and after he has been hamats !a, he becomes
|
gade, yixaases gilx'de dEnxElaya. Wa, la^me gwEyolEla ylx"stol]lE- 72
leda hamsiwala laxa t lExila. Wii g-il^Emxaawise q !ulbe q lEmdEma-,
sexs lae kiwag'alllaxs lae Lexaleda nenagade qaexs lae bakweg-ila.
Wa, g'il^mese mop'.Ena x^llpIedExs lae hamts'.Eg'a^a. Wa, laEmxae 75
Lax^idllaxs lae etiededa nenagade dEnx^eda. Wa, laEmxae et'.ed
yixuy5lIlEla qa^s la ytxwaLax L!asalilases mawile. Wa, gil-'mese
q liilbe q '.EmdEmas lae Lex'ededa nenagade. Wii, la-me lats !alll laxes
mawile. Wa, giPmese lats !alila laxes mriwilaxs gaxaasa hamatsia
xanala qa^s la l<¥stalIlElaxa laqawalilasa g'okwe. Wii, Laxae 80
hetsIalllElaEm laxes mawile. Wii, kMestle gataxs lae dEuxH-
deda nenagadas nEqiixEla q!EmdEms. Wa, gax'^meda hiimats'a
yix-'wiiltslahlEla liixes mawile. Wii, la^me ^uEx^lniilaxa LlEntsEme.
Wa, laEmxaawiseqEnxalaxes LliigEkwe LE^wis qEx^Ema^ye L'.agEkwa
LE^wis L'.agEkwe qeqEx^sidza^ya LE^wis qeqEx'ts'.ana^ya. Wa, la^me 85'
yixwemeleda kinqalaLEla lax g'iilag-iwa^yasa hamats'.a liixGsk' !esae
la kwegEkwa. Wa, la mosgEme q!Emq!EmdEmas nsqiixEla tlEm-
yats yixHvIdayos lae ^Ex^uniilaxes iJEntsEme. Wa, g-iHmcse Elaq
q!iilbeda la eIxlc dEnxElayasa nenagadaxs lae lats!alil laxes mawile
lEmelats!a. Wa, la^me yal-'ida. Wii, la^me moxiinxelaxa ts'.&wunxe 90
heniEualaEm ^nEmp'.Ena yixwa lax gweg'ilasasa AwikMenox" yixs
g'il-'mae gwala moxunxe tslawunx maemoplEua ylxweda hamatsjaxs
1176 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
olala, for not one of the hamatsia of the Awik' !enox" and of the ||
I
95 Bellabella does not become olala after lie has gone to the end of four
winters being hamatsla.
|
But the Kwag'ul do differently with their hamshamts !es, and
|
with the hamatsla who has whistles, for thej' perform only once in
winter; for they wish to give up the hamatsla quickly, and they at
|
once become members of the Sparrow Society, those who can not
|
stand being away from their wives for a long time. However, when
600 the mind of a hamats !a is strong, || then he remains a hamats !a for a
long time; that is, those who are really of noble descent. And this
|
is different among the Kwag'ul, when they have brought back to|
his senses the recently returned hamatsla in the evening. Then
|
all the members of the Sparrow Society go out of the house, and also
the Sparrow women and Sparrow children. Only those who own
|
5 the office of purifying the newly returned liamatsla remain sitting||
inside, for toward daylight he will be purified,
| j
And this is also different from the way of the Awik" !enox" and
Bellabella, when they wash the newly returned hamatsla four
|
days after he comes out of the woods. He dances four nights ||
I
10 until the time when he is to be washed. The new dancer does not
take off his red cedar-bark ring for four years, and also he does not
I |
do any work for four years; and it is never forgotten b}' all the men|
93 lae gwal hamatsla. Wa, la^me olalaxs lae gwal hamatsla, ylxs
k"!easae k' Ics oltilax'^Itsa hamatslasa Awlk'lenoxwe LE^wa Heklza-
95 ^qwaxs lae labEndxa moxiinxe tslawunxe hamatsla.
Wa, laLa oguqala gweg'ilasasa Kwag'ule laxes hamshamstslEse
L5^ma niEdzedzade hamatsla, yixs a^mae ^uEmxEnxela^xa ts'awun-
xexa ^neke qa^'s hfilabale gwal hamatsla. Wa, a^nise hex'-'idaEm
gwetse^steda wayatslala gwelala le^wIs gEnEme; wax'i laklwemase
600 naqa^yasasa hamatsla, wa, gala^mese hamatsla, yixa alak' lala nax-
sala bEgwanEma. Wa, g'a'mcs ogiiqalayosa Kwag'ulaxs g^ll^mae
gwala nanaqamaxa al^wiiltlala hamats laxa ganoLe lae hex'^idaEm
^wFla hoquwElseda ^naxwa gwegfidza LE^wa gwegtitslaxsEme LE^wa
srwao-uorwcdzEme. Wa, lex'a^mese la kludzeleda k' les^onokwasa
5 kwasaEaxa al^wiiltlala hamatsla qaxs hex'^ida^mae kwasasE^waxa
la gweme lax ^nax''ida.
Wii, la oguqala gweg'ilasasa Awlk'lenoxwe LE^wa Ileldza^qwe,
yixs al^mae kwiisaxa al^wiiltlala hamats laxs lae mop lEnxwa^ses
^nala g'ax^vultla. Wii, la hemEnala yixwaxa moxsa gagEnoEa,
10 lalaa laxa kwasax'dEmaq. Wa, laEm dzelElax"sa lalaa laxa mo-
xiinxe ts lawtinxa k" les lawaenoxwes l ISl lEgEkula. Wa, laxae k' letis
eaxena^yaxa moxiinxe tslawilnxa. Wii, Laxae k'les LlEleweso^ la
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1177
that he is to be given to eat first in tlie liouses, even in summer
|
time. If they do not give first to the new || hamats !a, he at once gets 15
excited, and bites those who give food to the guests. Thei'efore the
|
new liamats !a is really feared, even in summer. I think that is all
|
about this.
|
And this is the way in which the heralds among the Kwag'ul call
the half-initiates who have no hamats !a in the winter dance:—
| ||
"Now we will go over its surface, shamans.
| 20
" Now we will go into the house, shamans.
|
" Now we will beat time on boxes, shamans.
|
" Now we win look on, shamans. I
"Now we will reall}' be in the house, shamans."
1|
This is what the four heralds of the Sparrow Society say when 25
they beat time four times, according to the ways of the Kwag'ul,
]
when the novice first disappears. After they have been away for
|
four days, they are assembled to be given red cedar; \ and when this
has been done, after four days, beginning from the time when they
|
were assembled, the boards are beaten for those who have disap-
peared; and after four days more, time is beaten again lor those 30II
who have disappeared; and after four days more, time is beaten
\
again for those who have disappeared; and after four days more,
|
the heralds say,
|
"Now we will really be in the house, shamans."
|
g'ilq!Esamals6sa ^naxwa bEgwamEmxs ha^mapae laxes g'ig'okwaxa 13
wax"^Em hcEuxa. Wa, g'il'^mese k" !es la gilq!EsamatsE^weda dzels-
la hamats !a lae hex'^idaEm xwasa qa^s la q!Ex"idxa hamg'Ilaxes 15
hamg'IlasE^we. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas ala k"IlEma dzetela hamats !axa
wax'^me lieEnxa. Wa, lax'st!aak"^Em ^wi^la laxeq.
Wa, g'a^mes gwek"!alatsa qasiisa Kwag^ule qaeda wix"s&se ts!ets!e-
qaxa k" lease hamats !a tslets'.ecja:
" La^niEns liisgEmlllaLai' pepExalai'. 20
La^mEns lats!ag'aleLai' pepExalai'.
La^niEns kwcxsEmdLai' ])epExalai'.
La^niEns xitsIaxilaLai' pepExalai'.
La^mEns alag'aleLai, pepExalai'."
G"aEm waldEmsa mokwc qeqasElgis gwegttdza, ylxs lae mop!Ena 25
kwexEla laxes gweg'ilasa Kwagulaxs yixs g'alae x"is^alileda x'ls^ede.
Wa, la moplEnxwa^se ^nala la x'isala. Wii, la q!ap!ekwa la yaqwa-
sosa LlagEkwe. Wii, g'il^mese gwala, wa la moplEnxwa^sc ^nalas
g-ag'iLEla laxa qlap'.ekwaxs lae kwexElasE^weda xisala. Wii, la
et!ed mop'.Enxwa^se ^nala lae et!ed kwexElasE^weda xisala. Wii lii 30
et!ed moplEnxwa^se ^nalas lae et!ed kwexElasE^weda xisala. Wii,
la et!ed moplEnxwa^se ^naliis, wii, la^me ^nck'eda qeqasElgise:
"La^mEns alag"aleLai', pepExSlai."
1178 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth.axn. 35
Then all the cliflferent winter dance-masks are brought into the ||
35 winter dance-house, and they are put down behind the curtain,
|
which is stretclied across tho whole width of the rear of the house;
namely, the fool-dancer masks and all the different masks. Now
|
they are doing this and bringing the masks into the house while the
|
heralds go inviting and before the Sparrow Society comes in. As
|
40 soon as the || four heralds belonging to the Sparrow Society have
invited four times, aU the members of the Sparrow Society come in;
|
and for a short time the speaker of the winter dance-house speaks,
|
and he tells tho song-leaders and all those whoI have dances and all
the members of the Sparrow Society to take care. Wlien his speech
is at an end, the song-leaders sing their song, and the boards arc
|
45 beaten for the women. Then a woman comes in dancing; andil
when the song is at an end, she goes back behind the curtain in
|
the rear of the house. And when all have danced for whom tho
|
boards have been beaten, for those who have disappeared in the
inside of the house, then the speaker of the dancing- house
| |
speaks, and he says to the members of the Sparrow Society that this
50 is the last dance. And || when he says tlais, the fool-dancer cries,
"Wec!" and also the bear-of-the-house and all the masks behind|
the curtain in the roar of the dancing-house. ImmecHately the
|
song-leaders beat fast time on their boards. Then they let down
|
Wa, la^me laeLElayuweda ^naxwa 5guqala ts!ets!aqewe laxa
35 ts'.iigats'.e g'okwa qa^s la ax^alilElayu lax aLadzelllasa la yawapEm-
lil hek" '.otEyolila laxa ogwiwalilasa gokwe, yixa nenolEmalgEmle
LE^wa ^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEm yaexumla. Wa, laEm nanaqEmk" !a
g'axeLElayo laxa kwexE^lats!e g"okwa yixs lae qas^ideda qeqasEl-
gise, yixs k" !es^mae g'fix hogwiLeda gwegiidza. Wa, giPmese mo-
40 p!ene^sta qatse^steda mokwe gwegiidza cieqasElg'isa lae ^wFlaeLeda
^naxwa gwegudza. Wa, la^me yawas-Id yaq!Eg"a^le yayaqlEntEme-
lasakwexE^latsle g'okwa. Wa, la^me hayaL'.olaxa nenagade LE^wa
^naxwa lelaenenokwa LE^'wa ^naxwa gwegiSdza. Wa, giPmese qlulbe
waldEmas laase dEnx^ideda nenagadas qlsmdEmasa kwexElasE^we
45 tslEdaqa. Wa, g'ax^meseda tslEdaqe yixwa. Wii, g'il-'mese qlulbo
qlEmdEmas lae aLe^sta laxa yawapEmllle laxa ogwiwalilasa g'okwe.
Wa, giPmese ^wFla yix^wldeda kwexElakwexa x'lx'Esala lax awiLE-
lasa g'okwe. Wa, la yaq!Eg'a4e yayaq!Entemelasa kwexElagwatsle
g'okwa. Wa, la^me nelaxa gwegudzaxs lE^mae yuxLa. Wa, he^mis
50 ales ^nek'Exs laase wEexeda nolEmala i.E^wa nenEnq!olEla LE^wa
^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEm yaexuml lax fiLadza^yasa yawapEuilile laxa
ogwiwalilasa kwexE^latsIe g'okwa. Wii, la hex'^ida^ma nenagade
LexEdzodxes LexEdzowe. Wa, la^me tslEnkwaxe yawapEmalilas.
)
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1179
the curtain, and all the masks show themselves. Four times || the 55
|
curtain is hauled up, and four times they are seen by the specta-|
tors. This is called "many masks lying on the box in the liouso,"
when they are gathered together and shown with the boating of
|
boards. Wlien this is finished, all the members of the Sparrow|
Society and all the danco owners go out and go home to their
|
houses. Then the winter dance is finished after this. || And now they 60
all have secular names when day comes, and they sing secular|
songs when they give a feast. Now I have finished talking about|
tlie winter dance.
|
(The Awlk' !enox" invite after the return of the hamatsia as
|
follows:—) II
"I come to ask you, I come to ask you, winter dancers. We will 65
tame the damdamxala, olala, you who look out for danger (the
|
Sparrow Society) who obtain as a supernatural treasure tlie name
Four-Man-eater, the good cannibal."
|
|
Legend of the G'exsem, NakIwax^da^x"
The ancestors of the numaym G' esxEm of the Nak Iwax'dax" lived ]
|
at Wawale; and their chief was named Ts!Ex^ed, and he had for liis
|
prince K !wak Iwabalas. Ts !Ex^ed was really a bad man, and there-
|
fore his tribe did not like him, || therefore he was hated by his tribe. 5
Wa, la^me ^naxwa nel^ededa yaexumle laxeq. Wa, lii moplicna ne-
xostoyEwe yawapEmalllas. Wa, la^me moplEna dox^waLEllsa xl- ,'5,5
tslax'ila. Wa, heEni LegadEs hax"sEmlIlaxa q!enEme yaexumi yixs
q!ap!alae nel^id Ifixa kwexElakwe. Wa, g'iPmese gwala lae ^wrta
hoqiiwElseda ^naxwa gwegudza LE^wa ^naxwa lelaenokwa (ja^s lii
nii^nak" laxes g'ig"6kwe. Wii, la^me gwal ts!ets!eqa laxeq qaxs 1k-
^mae ^naxwa bebaxiidzExLalaxa la ^nax'^ida. LaEm dEiixEJasa 60
baxuyala q'.EmdEmxs kiwelae. Wii, la^wesLEn gwal gwagwex's^iila
laxa ts!ets!cqa laxeq.
(The Awlk'lenox" invito after the return of the hiimalsia as
follows :—
"Oklula, ok'.fllanoguLau ts'.dts'.eqau helik'aLEns damihimxalau (55
owalalau ek"!agamaxstiiel hek'aLEnsEx Logwalayax Moda^na tiinis-
k-as^o."
Legend of the G'exsem, Nak'.waxda^x"
G'okula^lae g'aliisa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEinasa Nak!wax"da^xwe 1
lax Wawale. Wii, lii^lae g'IgadEsa LegadEs TslEx^ede. Wii, hVlae
Lil-wfllgadEs K!wak!wabalase. Wii, laEm^Iiiwise fda ^yax'SEm
bEgwanEme TslEx^ede, hig'ilas k'leiis aek'ilas g'okiilotaseq. Wii,
he^mis lag'ilas LledzEltses g'okiilote. Wii, lii^laeJhemEnalaEm^liiwise 5
1180 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. axn. 35
6 And Ts!Ex^ed always struck his prince, K!wak!wabalas: there-
| |
fore K !wak !wabalas could not endure the way he was treated by his
father. I And K !wak !wabalas remained lying down, and did not
arise in the morning. Tiien his father called him, and K !wak Iwabalas
|
10 did not || rise. That was the reason why Ts!Ex^ed became angry at
his prince, and Ts!Ex^ed took a pair of tongs and struck his
|
|
prince. And after he had been struck by his fatlier, K !wak Iwabalas
|
rose and went out of the house, and he went into the woods behind
|
15 his father's house. He walked and went || inland. He went to
commit suicide in the woods. As soon as evening came, the tribe
|
of TslEx^ed searched for hini in the woods, and they did not give
|
up until the next evening. Then the ancestors of the G'esxEni of
|
tlie Nilklwax'da^x" all came out of the woods. And in the morning,
|
20 when day came, TslEx^ed called his tribe into his house; and when|i
they were all inside, TslEx^ed arose, and begged his people not
\ |
to give up looking for his prince; for K !wak !wabalas was his
only son, therefore he wanted him to be looked for. And
| |
2.5 his tribe said that they would eat breakfast quickly. The || wife
of TslEx^ed, TslEqala gave breakfast to them. After they|
had eaten their breakfast, they went out, and all the strong young|
men went into the woods to look for K !wak Iwabalas. In the even-
|
6 TslEx^ede k'lelak'axes Lawulgama-ye Klwaklwabalase. Wa, heEm-
^lawis lag'ilas ^wayats!ol K!wak!wabalasax gweg'altlEqElasases 6m-
paq. Wii, laEm^lawise Klwaklwabalase gael, k"!es Lax^wldxa gaala.
Wa, la^lae ompas gwex'ndEq. Wii, la-lae Klwaklwabalase k'les
10 tslEX'^ida. Wii, heEm^lawis tslEngums TslEx^ede laxes Lawulgft-
ma^ye, lagulas TslEx^ede diig illlaxa tslesLiila qa^s la kwexas laxes
Lawidgama^ye. Wii, g'iPEm^liiwise gwiil kwexaso'ses ompe laa'lase
Lax^wide Klwaklwabalase qa^s la lawEls laxa gokwe qa^s la lax
aLana^'yas gokwases ompe. Wii, laEm^hiwise qiis-'id qa^s lii laxa
15 iiLle. Wii, laEm-lae toyag'a lilxa iiLle. Wii, g il'Em^lawise dzii-
qwaxs lae ^wi4a g-okiil6tas TslEx^ede la iiliiq lilxa iiLle. Wa, iil^Em-
^lawise yax"^IdExs lae dziiqwa. Wii, g'iix^Em^lae 4Em ^wPla
hox'wultlaxa g^iiliisa -nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa Naklwax'da'xwe.
Wa, gipEm^lawise ^nax'^Idxa gaiiliixs laaEl Le^lale TslEx^ediixes
20 g'okiilote qa liis Hvi^laeL lax g'5kwas. Wii, gil-Em-'liiwise g-fix
^wFlaeLExs lae Lax^tilile TslEx-ede qa^s hawaxElexes gokiilote qa
k'leses yax'^ld alax Lawulgama^yas qaxs ^nEm6x"^mae xunox"se
Klwiiklwabalase liig-ilas ^nex" qa liis aliisE^wa. Wii, aEm^liiwise
^nek'e g'okulotas qa-s luilabale gaaxsttlla. Wa, hcEm^liiwise gEuE-
25 mas TslEx^ede ytx TslEqiila gaaxstiililmasEq. Wa, g'il-Em-'hiwise
gwiila gaaxstalaxs lae ^wPla la hoqiiwElsa. Wii, la^lae ^wlla^ma
lelakwe ha-'yal-a aLe^sta laxa aLle qa-s la aliix Klwakwabalase.
LaEm^lawise dzaqwaxs g"axae ^wl^la nii^nakwa. Wa, la^me ^nek'eda
boas! family histories 1181
ing they came home; and one of the young men said that he had
\
seen K !wak !wabalas's tracks, but before he had followed them far 30||
into the woods he stopped seeing them, and he gave it up because
|
he could not find them again. Now they all gave up looking for him.
It was midsummer when K !wak Iwabalas went into the woods.
|
I
Now I shall talk about K !wak Iwabalas after he had been struck
|
with the tongs by his father Ts !Ex«ed. He || thought he would give 35
up enduring his father's dishke for him. " I will kill myseh in the|
woods and die." Thus he said as he arose and went out of his|
father's house; and he went back between his father's house and
|
the next house. As soon as he came to the rear of the house, he
|
ran up the river Wawale; and he followed it, going up the river of 40II |
Wawale. In the evening he washed in the river. Then it occurred
|
to him that he would try to obtain by good luck a magic treasure
|
while he was walking in the woods; for K !wak Iwabalas knew that
his mother, Ts!Eqala, came from the SomxolidEx" of Elvers Inlet,
|
and K !wak Iwabalas thought of going there. As soon as night 45
II
came, he lay down under a cedar-tree at a sheltered place; and in
|
the morning, when day came, he arose, washed himself in the river,
I
and after he had finished, he walked up the river. When evening|
I
came, he washed himself in the river; and after lie had done so, ||
he lay on his back and went to sleep. In the morning, when day 50|
^nEmokwe helaxs dox-'waLEla^maax qaqEsmotas K!wak!wabalase.
Wa, k"!es^lat!a iiLEg'ilaxs lae gwal doqulaq. Wii, hVlae yax'^IdExs 30
laa^lalaq. Wa, laEm^lae ^wl^la yax'^id alaq ylxs nEgEltsEmeg'a'yae
heEnxaxs lae toyag'e K!wak!wabalase.
Wa, la^mesEn gwagwexs^alal lax K!wak!wabalase. Wa, he^maa-
^laxs lae gwal kwexaso-'sa ts'.esLalases ompe TslEx^ede, wa, la=lae
^nenk' lex^ida, "wiigilla yax'^IdEL lalabaax ^yax'sEme naqes kse 35
qa's, wa la^mesEn lal toyag il laxa aL!e qEn hel Ie^IlS," ^nex'^laexs
lae Lax^wida qa^s la lawEls lax g'okwases ompe qa^s lii ate^sta lax
awagawa^yas g'okwases ompe LE^wa ogii^lame g'okwa. Wa, g"ll-
^Em^lawise lag'aa lax aLana-yasa gokwaxs lae dzElx^wIda ^nana-
laaqa lax was Wawale. Wa, hayostalaEm^lawise nagama lax was 40
Wawale. Wa, la%e dzaqwaxs laaEl la^stax'^id laxa wa. Wa, laEm-
^lae g'ig'aex^ed qa's wag'il wawEldzE^wa LaLogwasdE^ya laxes gwa-
lagildzasLe qaxs q!aLEla^mae Klwak'.wabalasaxes abEmp TslEqalaxs
g'ayolae laxa SomxolidExwasa Awik" leuoxwe. Wa, lie^mis ^nenk" le-
ges K!wak!wabalase qa^s lalaLe. Wa, g'tl^Em^lawise ganol^idExs 45
lae t!ek"!EXLElsaxa welkwe lax t'.Eiiyaga^yas. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise
na^nakillaxa gaalaxs lae Lax^ttlsa qa^s la la^stax'^id laxa wa. Wa,
g'iPEm^lawise gwaJExs laaEl qayamalaxa wa. Wa, gil^Em^lawise
dzaqwaxs lae la^stEX'^ida laxa wa. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwalExs lae
t'.ekMEXLElsaxa welkwt" qa^s mex^ede. Wa, gll^Em^lawise ^na^na- 50
1182 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |eth. ans. 36
52 came, he arose and washed in the river; and after he had done so,|
he walked up the river Wawaie; and in the evening he washed
|
again; and after he had done so, he lay on his back under a cedar-
|
55 tree and went to sleep. When dajhght came in the morning, hell
arose and washed himself; and after he had done so, he walked
|
along; and he had not gone far, before he came to a lake, and he|
washed himself in it; and after he had done so, he walked to the
|
inland side of the wide lake. Before he had gone haK the length of
|
60 the large lake || evening came, and he washed himself; and after he
had done so, he lay down on the shore of the lake and went to sleep.
|
Now, he had slept four nights since leaving his home in Wawaie.
I
Then he dreamed of a handsome stout man, "who came and talked
|
65 to him; and the stout man said to K !wak Kvabalas, || "Let me ask
|
you, why did you come to this supernatural place?" Thus he said;|
and immediately K !wak Iwabalas said, "O friend! I come to get
|
supernatural power from you." Thus he said to him. Then the
|
stout man said, "Don't leave this place for four nights, for you
|
70 have already obtained something good from me." || Thus spoke the
stout man in his dream. As soon as he stopped speaking, the stout
|
man disappeai'ed, and at once K !wak Iwabalas awoke. It was I
|
getting daylight. Immediately he arose and washed himself; and|
51 killaxa gaalaxs laaEl Lax^ulsa qa^s la la^stEX'^ida laxa wa. Wa,
g'il^Em^liiwise gwalExs lae qayamalax wiis Wawaie. Wa, g^ipEm^la-
wise dzaqwaxs lae la^stEx'^Ida. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwalExs lae
t !ek' lEXLElsaxa welkwe qa^s mex^ede. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise ^na^na-
55 kulaxa gaalaxs lae Lax^wida qa-s la la^stax'^Ida. Wii, g'il^Em'la-
wise gwalExs lae qas^ida. Wa, kMes^latla qwesg'ilaxs lae lag-aa
laxa dzE^lale. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la'stEx^^id laq. Wa, g'il^Em-
^liiwise gwalExs lae qas-Ida aLanegwesElaxa lexe dzE^lala. Wa,
k'les-lat^a ai.atla nEgoyolisax ^wasgEmasasa lexe dzE^lalExs lae
60 dzaqwa. Wa, la^lae la^stEX'^id laq. Wa, gil^Em^lawise gwalExs
lae t'.ex'ales lax awEiixelisasa dzE^lale qa^s mex^ede. Wa, la^me
mop'.Ena mexa g'ax^^id laxes g'5kwe lax Wawaie. Wa, laEm^la-
wise mexElasa ek'a ^walatsayok" bEgwauEm g'ax yayaqlEutEmaq.
Wa, laEm^lae ^nek^eda ^walatsayokwe bEgwauEm lax K!wak!waba-
65 lase: "Weg'ax^in wuLolmasos g'axelads laxwa ^nawalakwex awina-
k'.iisa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise K!wak!wabalase ^nek'a:
"^ya, qast, LaLogwasdEyin laL, qast," ^nex'-laeq. Wa, la^lae
^nek"eda ^walatsayokwe bEgwauEma: "Gwala basos axasaqos mo-
plEnxwa^sLes ganoLaos yol lox qaxs lE^maaqos helaxa gaxEn,"
70 ^nex"^lae mexa^yas ^walatsayok" bEgwauEma. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise
qlulbe waldEmasexs lae xts^ideda ^walatsayokwe bEgwauEma.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise K!wak!wabalase ts!EX"*Ida. La^maalaxoL
^na^nakiila. Wa, hex'^idaEm4awise Lax^uls qa^s lii la^stEx"^ida.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1183
after he had done so, he broke off hemlock-branches to || make a house 75
of hemlock-branches; and after makmg his house, he went out to
|
eat different kinds of berries of the lake; and after he had had
|
enough, he went back to his house of hemlock-branches, and he lay
|
down on his back. Then he thought about his dream, and what
|
the stout man had said to him. || When evening came, he washed him- SO
self in the lake; and after he had done so, he went into this house of
|
hemlock-branches and lay down on his back. Soon he went to sleep.
|
Then he dreamed of another man who came and stood hi the house,
|
not like the stout man of whom he had first dreamed. The man of his
|
new dream was medium-sized. || The man spoke, and said, " Why do 85
you come to this supernatural place, friend?" Thus he said.
| |
And K !wak Iwabalas rephed at once, and said to him, "I come to
|
this supernatural place because I want to get supernatural power
|
from it, friend!" Thus he said to him. Then the man spoke
again, || and said, "Take care! We have been informed by our 90|
friend X'imsElilEla, who came to see you last night—for he is the
|
one who first goes to see those who come to this supernatural place—
|
I am HoxhoxulsEla. Now, take care ! and go on washing yourself in
|
this supernatural lake, so that the || human smell will come off, friend, 95
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwalExs lae LJEx^wed laxa qlwaxe qa^s
g'okwelexa qlwaxsEiue g'okwa. Wii, g'ipEm-'lawise gwale g^dkwe- 75
la^yas lae qas^Ida qa^s la ha^maaxso laxa L!oL!Ep!emasas ogwa-
gelisasa dzE^lale. Wa, g'tl^Em^lawise pol^IdExs g'axae aedaaqa
Taxes q!waxsEme g'okwa qa-s t!ex"^E]se. Wa, la^me g'lg'aeqE-
laxes mexa^ya ^walatsayokwe bEgwauEma lo^ waldEmaseq. Wa,
g'tl^Em^lawise dzaqwaxs lae la^stEx'^Id laxa dzE^lale. Wa, g'il^Em- SO
^lawise gwaJExs lae laeL laxes q!waxsEme g'okwa qa^s t!ex"^Else.
Wii, g'tpEm^lawise mex^edExs lae mexElasa ogu^lamaxat! bEgwauEm
g"ax La^wll lax g'okwas k'ies^El he gwex'sa g'ale mexes ytxa ^wala-
tsaySkwe. Wa, la^lae hel^asgEmsdeda bEgwauEme al mexes. Wa,
la^lae yaqlEg'a^leda bEgwauEme. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^masos g'ilx- 85
^ena^yaqds laxwa ^nawalakwe ^winaklusa qast," ^nex'^lae. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^lawise K!wak!wabalase na^naxmeq. Wa, la^lae ^nek'Eq:
"HedEn g'axene laxwa ^nawalakwex fiwinak Iiisxg'ln LaLogwasdEyek
lHq" qast," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa yaq!eg'a^leda bEgwauE-
me. Wii, la-lae ^nek'a: "Wiig'illax'os aEm yfiLJaLEx ts!Ek'!alEla- 90
^rnEiis 'nEmokwae X'imsElilEla yixs g'ilxae doqwoLax giinoLe qaxs
he^mae g'ali^lala la doqwaxa g'axe laxwa ^nawalakwex awmaklfisa.
Wii, nogwaEmLal HoxhoxiilsEla. Wilg"illax"os aEm yaL!aLEx qa^s
walEmk'alaos la^sta liixwa ^nawalakwex dzE^lala qa ^wrtawesos bEx"-
p!aliiqoS; qast, qaxg"in h§,lsEla-mek" la mesEla laxos bEx"p!aliiqos. 95
1184 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth.ann.35
96 for I can now liartUy notice on you the smell of human beings. And do
|
not leave the place where you are now, for there is no greater super-
|
natural power an3rwhere, except the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-
of-World. That is it, friend." Thus said he, and he disappeared.
|
Immediately K !wak Iwabalas awoke, and washed himself in the
|
100 lake; and
|| after he had done so, day came, and he just went and ate
|
berries. He only came Lack when it was nearly evening. He had
|
not been lying there long in his house, when evening came. TJien he
|
washed himself in the lake; and after he had done so, he went into
|
5 his house of hemlock-branches and lay down. He || went to sleep at
once; and he had not been sleeping long, when in his dream he saw
|
a short man coming, who stood in the house. And the short man
|
spoke, and said, "O friend! why did you come to this supernatural
|
place?" Thus he said. Immediately K!wak!wabalas rephed, and
|
10 said, "O friend! I || came to this supernatural place of which I knew,
because I wanted to get supernatural power from it." Thus he
|
said to him. After K!wak!wabalas had spoken, the short man
|
spoke, and said, " O friend ! I am Ts !EqomeLElsa^na. Take care
|
I
1 5 that you may obtain what you may want to get here. I || know about
you, for our friends have talked about you; and they say that you
|
wiU obtain a great treasure from us. Take care ! Keep on washing
|
in the supernatural lake !" Thus he said and disappeared. Immedi-
|
06 Wa, he^misa qa^s k"!esaos b^sos axasaqos qaxs k'leasae ^nawalakwa-
gawesox ogu^la lax g'okwas Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ya. Wit, he^meq,
qast," ^nex'^laexs lae x'ls^ida. Wa, hex'^daEm^lawise ts!Ex"^Ide
K!wak!wabalase qa^s lil la^stEx^^id laxa dzE^ale. Wa, gil^Em^awise
100 gwalExs lae ^nax'^ida. Wa, ^Em^lawise la qas^ida qa^s la ha^maaxso
laxa L!5L!Ep!emase. Wa, ill^Em^lawise g"ax aedaaqaxs lae Elaq
dzaqwa. Wil, k'!es-lat!a ges t!ek"!Es laxes g'okwaxs lae dzaqwa.
Wa, la^lae la^stEX'^Ida laxa dzE^lale. Wa, g'tpEm^lawise gwala lae
laeL laxes q!waxsEme g'okwa qa^s t!ex'^Else. Wa, hex'^idaEin^lawise
5 mex^eda. Wa, k' !es-Em^lawise ges mexaxs lae mexElasa ts!E-
k!ilxsde bEgwauEm g'ax LiVwila. Wii, la^lae yaq!Eg"a^leda tslE-
k!iixsde bEgwanEma. Wii, la^lae ^nek"a: "'ya, qast, ^mases g"axe-
laos laxwa ^nawalakwex awlnak!usa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm
K!wak!wabalase na^naxmeq. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^y&, qast, hedEn
10 g'axela laxwa q!alaqEn ^nawalak" awlnak!usxg"in LaLogwas-
dEyek' laq"," ^nex'^laeq. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise gwal yaq!Ent!ale
K!wak!wabalase laa^as yaqlEg^a^leda ts!Ek!iixsde bEgwanEma. Wii,
lil^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, qiist, nogwaEm Ts!EqomeLElsa^na. Wiigil la
aEm ya-LiaLEx qa^s laLCLosaxes gwE^yaos qa^s laloLios. Wii, laLEn
15 qlalaEmxs lE^maaqos gwagwex's^alatsEns ^ne^nEmokwe, yixs ^wala-
saes LogwiLaos. Wiigil la &Em yiiL!aLEx MagaEm heniEnalaEm
la^sta laxwa ^nawalakwex dzE^lala," ^nex'^laexs lae x'is^'ida. Wii,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1185
ately K !wak Iwabalas arose and washed himself in the lake, and he
|
only came out of the water at dayUght. Then || he went and ate 20
berries, and he did not come back until the evening. Then he
|
went right into the lake and washed himself; and after doing so,
|
he went into his house and lay on his back. When he fell asleep,
|
|
a woman came in laughing. She came into the house of hemlock-
branches, laughed, and spoke. She said, " O friend ! III am 25|
DalElsa^naga. I have been sent by our friends to call you to come
|
into the great winter-dance house. And now let us go." Immedi-
|
ately K !wak Iwabalas went and followed her. They had not gone
|
far, before the woman hfted the edge of the moss; |1 and they went 30
under it into a great house; and K !wak Iwabalas was told to sit,
|
down at the right-hand side of the house. As soon as he sat down-
|
an old man arose and spoke to his tribe. He said, "O super-
| |
natural ones I let us ask our friend why he has come || to our super- 35
natural place here, whether for good or bad, or to make us secular,
|
for he is the only one who came to our winter dancing-place. Now,
|
tell us why you came." Thus he said. Then it occurred to Klwa-|
k Iwabalas that he would say that he had come to obtain the win-
|
ter dance and the great winter-dance house. And at once || another 40
man spoke in the rear of the dance-house, and said, "This
| is.
hex'^idaEm^lawise KIwaklwabalase Lax^wida qa^s la la^sta laxa dzE- 18
«lale. Wa, al^Em^lawise g-ax^wustaxs lae ^nax'^ida. Wii, aEm^'lawise
la qas^ida cja^s la ha^maaxso laxa LloLlEpIemase. Wa, al^Em^lawise 20
g-ax aedaaqaxs lE^mae dzaqwa. Wa, fi.Em^lawise he^stala laxa dzE-
^lale qa^s la^stEx'^ide. Wa, g'tl^Em^lSwise gwalExs lae lacL laxes
g"6kwe qa^s tIex'Else. Wii, laEm^lawise mamexEmalaxs g'axaasa
dalala tslEdaqa. Wa, gax^lae gaxeLa laxa qlwaxsEme g'okwa dalE-
tEwexs lae yaqlEg'a^a. Wii, IMae ^nek'a: "^ya, qast, nogwaEm 25
DalElsa^nagag'ax ^yillagEmsEns ^ne^uEmokwe qEn g'ilxe Le^laloL qa^s
laos laxwa ^walasex tsliigatsle g-okwa. Wii, gelag'a qEns lalag'i."
Wa,hex'^idaEm^liiwise KIwiiklwabalase la lasgEmeq. Wii, k' les-latla
qwesg"ila qasaxs laeda tslEdiiqe LlElg^ustodEx awunxa^yasa p lElEmse
qa^s la hogwabodEq. Wii, la hogwiL laxa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, lii 30
^nex'SE^we KIwaklwabalase qa^s he klwax'^ide helkModo-'yalllasa
g'okwe. Wa, g'il^Em^lilwise kIwag'alilExs lae Liix^ulileda qlulyakwe
bEgwanEma qa^s yaqlEg'a^lexes g'oktilote. Wa, la-'lae ^nek'a: "Wa,
g'il la^x'ins ^na^nawalak" wuLaLExg'his ^nEmox"dzek'lax g'iixelasox
laxEns ^nawalaklwasex lo^ ek'e l6^ ^yax'SEme lo^ g'iix bEbaxiiyila 35
g-axEns, qaxs he^maex ale ^uEmok" g^ax liixEns tsIaxdEmesex.
Wa, wagil la qa^s yaqlEg'a^ltsos g'ax^ena^yex," ^nex^^lae. Wa,
la^lae ^nenk' leqEla^lae KIwaklwabalasaxs he^mae liiloLlasose tslaqle-
na^yas LE^wa ^walase ts lets legats le g'okwa. Wa, hex"^idaEm^lawise
yaqlEg'a^eda ogMama bEgwanEm liLxa ogwiwalllasa ts lets legats le
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 26
1186 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 38
41 what he wants to obtain: he wants to obtain as a treasure our
|
winter dance, and this great dance-house, and our names." Thus
|
said Qoqwadestila, who was the listener of the house. Immedi-
|
ately the speaker of the great dance-house, Gwa^wayehi^na (Raven)
||
45 said, "Now, dancers, really perform your great dance aLaqlEm.
|
Begin all the ways, so that our friend may know how they are
j
used." Thus said Gwa-wayela^na to his friends. And K!wak!wa-
|
balas saw hemlock-trees standing at the left-hand side in the rear
|
50 of the great dance-house, and || from them hung narrow strips of
spht red cedar-bark. They were covered \vith eagle-down, so that
|
they were hke a house of red cedar-bark covered with down in the
|
house. This was the sacred room of the great dance, the dance
|
aLaq !Em. When it was late at night, many men who w'ere sitting
|
on the floor in the rear of the great dancing-house began to beat time. ||
55 They had not been beating long, when they stopped. Four times
|
they beat time. Then a man wearing a mask came out of the
|
sacred room of hemlock-branches covered with eagle-down. He
went around the lire in the middle, and stood at the right-hand side
|
of the door, shaking his round rattle; and he had not been standing
|
60 there long before |1 those who had ])een beating time began to sing.
He danced around I the fire in the middle of the house. And when
41 g"6kwa. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "YuEm^El uiLogwasdEyososoqiins ls!aq!e-
na^yex LE-wa -walasex- ts!els!egats!e g'okwa le'weiis LeLEgEmex,"
^nex'^ae Qoqwadeslla, ybc hoLaqlEsasa g'okwe. Wa, la^lae hex'^i-
da^ma yayaq '.EntEmile 3ix Gwa-wayela^na, yisa ^walase ts!ets!egats!e
45 g'ok", ^nek'a: "Wagillax"os ts!ets!ek"ao alax"^id laxes ^walasos
ladeda aLaq '.Em. LaEms lalabaaLEx ^naxwa gwayi^lalats qa gwalE-
la^mesEns"nEmox"dzex^wFla q !alaq"," ^nex'lae Gwa^wayela'naxes^ne-
^nEmokwe. Wa, la-me K!wak!wabalase doqulaxa q'.waxe la q'.wael
lax gEmxotewalilasa ^walase ts!ets!egats!e g'okwa. Wa, he^mis la
50 tetEguxLawayaatsa ts'.elts!Eci!astowe dzExEk" L!agEkvva. Wa, la
qEmqEmxiixLalax qsnixwiisa kwekwe, he gwexs c[Emok" LlaLlEgE-
kiilak" gokwe laxes gwaelase. Wa, heEm lE^me^lats !esa ^walase
ladeda aLaq'.Eme. Wa, g'il^mese gagaia ganoLExs lae LexEdzodeda
q'.enEme bebEgwauEm klQdzil laxa ogwiwalilasa ^walase ts!ets!ega-
55 ts'.e g'okwa. Wa, k'!est!a alaEm gegilil Lexaxs lae q!wei-ida. Wa,
moplEna LexEdzodExs gilxaas g'ayoqawa yixumaia bEgwauEm laxa
qEmqEuixula q'.waxsEm lE^me-iats!a. Wii, la tsaxse-'stalilElaxa la-
qawalTle qa^s la Lax^fllil lax helk" lotstaiilasa t'.Ex'ila laxes yatElaena-
^yasa loxsEme yadEna. Wil, k'!es-lat!a gael La^wilExs lae dEnx^e-
60 deda klusaliisa tsaxaias tlEmyase. Wa, laEm'lawise yix^se-'staliia-
laxa laqawalile. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise q'.iilbe qlEmdEinasexs gaxae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1187
his song was ended, he came and stood where he had stood first, 62
|
at the riglit-liand side of the door of the house. His name was
|
X'imsElilEla. He had not been standing there long swinging his
|
rattle, while those in the rear of the house were beating time, || when 65
he danced with fast steps to the rear of the house, and stood out-
|
side the sacred room of hemlock-branches: and he shouted with a
loud voice, and said, "Come, friend, HoxhoxiilsEla ! " As soon as
|
the one who had been called had said, "Hoho!" X'imsEliiEla said,
|
laughing, "Our friend has come," and he went to stand where he
|
had stood before. As soon as HSxhoxulsEla|| had cried "Hoho!" 70
the song-leaders in the rear of the house began to sing the same
|
song they had sung before, for there is only one song for the whole
j
number. And when the song was at an end, HoxhoxulsEla arose
|
near the place where X'imsElilEla was standing, only HoxhoxiilsEla
|
was nearer to the door. ||
And X'imsElllEla swung his rattle again. At once the song- 75
|
leaders beat time; and X'imsElilEla danced back with quick steps,
and shouted, calling Ts lEqomeLElsa^na. As soon as he named
I
him, Ts lEqomeLElsa^na shouted, "Hoho!" Then X'imsElilEla
I
laughed aloud, and told all the men that the one who had been
|
called was coming. 1| At once the song-leaders began to sing the song 80
tliey had first sung, and now TslEqomeLElsa^na came dancing with
|
a mask; and X'imsElilEla was still standing where he was always
|
Lax^ulll laxes g'llx'de La^wi^lasa lax helk' lotstalilas t!EX ilasa g'okwe. 62
Wii, heEm EegadEs X'imsElilEla. Wa, k'!es-iat!a gael uVwIIexs lae
yatleda yises yadEne. Wa, la^lae LexEdzodeda kiudzlle laxa ogwi.
wa=lile. Wa, lae tsaxEyolilEle X'imsElilEla qa^s la Lax^ulll lax L!a- 65
salilasa qiwaxsEme lE^me^atsia qa^s -'laqule hasEla. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"Gelag'a qastai' HoxhoxulsElai'." Wii, gipEm^lawise hohoxwe lc-
^lalasE^waxs g'axae ^neg'Etaye XimsElllEla dalEta^ya: "G'ax^mEns
^nEmokwe," qa^s la Lax^iilii laxes gilx'de La^wi^lasa. Wii, gipEmx'de
hohoxwe HoxhoxiilsElaxs lae dEnx-'ededa nenagade laxa ogwiwalile, 70
yises g'ilxde dEnx^edayowa qaxs ^uEmsgEmaes qlEmdEme laxes
^waxaase. Wii, g'iPmese qlulbe q!EmdEmasexs lae Lax^iilile Hox-
hoxOlsEla laxa ^nExwala lax La^wi'iasas XimsElilEla. AEuiLal he
iiExwale HoxhoxiilsEla laxa tJEx'ila.
Wii, lii etiede X'imsElilEla yat!etses yadEne. Wii, hex'^ida-'mese 75
LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wii, la^me et!ed tsaxale XimsElilEla qa^s
la hiisEla Le^lalax TslEqomeLElsa^na. Wii, g il^Em^liiwise Lex^edqexs
laaEl hohoxwe TslEqomeLElsa-'na. Wii, g'ax^lae XimsslilEla datelaxs
lae hiisEla nelaxa ^niixwa bEgwiiuEuixs g'ax^maes Le'lalasE^we. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^liiwise dEnx^ededa nem\gadiises g ale dEnxElaya. Wa, 80
g'ax^me yix^wideda yixumale TslEqomeLElsa^na. Wii, hexsii^'mese
La^wlle XimsElilEles LaxHllI^lasnaxwa. Wii, gil'mese qiillbe dEuxE-
;
1188 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.36
standing. As soon as the song-leaders ended their song, Ts '.Eqome-
|
LElsa^na stood at the left of HoxhoxiilsEla.| ||
85 Then X'imsElilEla swung his rattle again, and the song-leaders|
beat fast time. And X'inisElllEla danced with quick steps, and
]
stood outside of the sacred room of hendock-branches, and he called
with a loud voice DalElsa^naga (Laughing-Woman-of-the-Woods)|
and as soon as X'imsElilEla named DalElsa^naga she began to|
90 laugh. And X'imsElilEla said as he was going back, "Our friend||
is coming." Thus he said and went to the place where he always
stood. Immediately the song-leaders began to sing, and DalEl-
I
sa^naga continued laugliing as she was dancing. And then she|
took her place to the left of Ts lEqomeLElsa^na.|
|
95 Then X'imsElilEla swung his rattle again, and || the song-leaders
beat fast time; and X'imsEhlEla danced with quicksteps, and stood|
outside of the sacred room of hemlock-branches; and he shouted
aloud, "I call you, friend Hamase^nfi,, to come and dance!" And
|
I
!"
as soon as he had finished his speech, Hamase^na shouted, "Hoho
inside of the sacred room of hemlock-branches; for there is only
|
200 one way in which the spirits || shout, namely, "Hoho !" As soon as
Hamase^na had said "Hoho !" XimsElilfila laughed, and told those
j
who were sitting down that the one who had been called was com-
ing. And when Hamase^na shouted "Hoho!" the song-leaders
I
began to sing the same song as before, for all the people have only
|
S3 layasa nenagadaxs lae Lax^ulile Ts!Eq6meLElsa^na lax gEmxagawa-
litas HoxhoxulsEla.
85 Wa, la^lae et!ed yat!ede XimsElllEliixes yadEne. Wa, la^lae
LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wii, la-lae XimsElilEla tsaxfila qa^s la
Lax^ttlll lax L !asa'yasa q !waxsEme lE^me^atsIii cja^s hasEle Le^lalax
DalElsa^naga yixs g il^mae Lex^ede XimsElIlElax EegEmas DalElsa-
^naga laa^ase dEdaltsii. Wii, g'ax^lae X'imsElilEla ^neg'EtE^wexs g'a-
90 xae: "Gax^mEns -nEmokwex," ^nex'^lae lalaa laxes La^wl^lase. Wii,
hex'^idaEm^liiwise dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wii, la^me sEnbael dalEle
DalElsa^nagaxes ^wa^wasdEme ylxwa loxs lae La^wll liix gEmxagawa-
lilas Ts!Eq6meLElsa^na.
Wa, la et!ede X'imsElilEla yatletses yadEne. Wii, hex'^idaEmxa-
95 awisa nenagade LexEdzoda. Wii, laEmxailwise X inisElllEla tsaxala
qa^s la Lax^rdil lax L!iisa^yasa q!waxsEme lE^me-lats!e. Wa, hasEla
^neka: "Le^lalEULSl qiistai Hamase^na qa^s gilxaos yix^wida." Wa,
gil^mese qliilbaxsde waldEmas lae hohoxwe Hamase-na hix ots!awasa
qlwaxsEme lE^me^lats!ii qaxs ^uEm^mae babagiilagomasa haaj-allla-
200 g^se hoho laxes ^wiixaase. Wii, g'il^mese h5h6xwe Hamase^naxs g"axae
XimsElllEla dalEla nelaxa kludzelaxs g'ax^maes Le^liilasE^we. Wii,
g'll^Em hohoxwe Hamase^naxs lae dEnx^ededa nenagadiises gllx'de
dEnxElayS, qaxs ^nEmsgEmae qlEmdEmas laxes ^waxaase. Wa, g'il-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1189
one song. When the song was ended, Hamase^na stood at the
|
left-hand side 1| of DalElsa^naga. They stood close together, and
| 5
X'imsElilEla was also still standing there where he first had taken
his place. .
|
Then X'imsElilEla swung his rattle again and danced with quick
steps, while the song-leaders were beating time. As soon as he
I
arrived outside of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, he said
|
aloud, "I call you, friend || Yaxwaxanowil (Dancer-of-the-House) !" 10
And when his speech was ended, Yaxwaxanowil shouted, "Hoho !"
|
And at once X'imsElilEla went and told those who were sitting in
|
the house that the one who had been called, Yaxwaxanowil, was
coming. And Yaxwaxanowil came out of the sacred room of
| |
hemlock-branches, and the song-leaders sang. And when || their 15
song was at an end, Yaxwaxanowil took his place at the left of
|
Hamase^n^.*
|
. . . "I call you, friend Gwa^wayela^na (Raven-of-the-
|
Woods)!"
. . . "I call you, friend G'ilg'Eldokwila (Long-Life-Maker) !" ^
. . . The song-leaders sang, and G'ilg'Eldokwila danced, || and 20
I
they all wore different kinds of masks.
|
. . . "I call you, friend l letsaplela^naga (Heat-of-House-
Woman), to come and dance!"
|
^mese qlulbe q!EmdEmas lae Lax^iilile Flamase^na lax gEmxaga-
walilas DalElsa^naga laxes niEmk'alae^na^ye. Wa, laxaa hex'sasm 5
Lax^iilile X'imsElilEles g'ilxde Lax^uli^asa.
Wa, la et'.ed yatlede X'imsElilElases yadsne gflyolEla tsaxalaxs
lae LexEdzodeda nenagade. Wa, g'iPmese liig'aa lax Llasalilasa
qlwaxsEme lE^me4ats!exs lae hasEla ^nek'a: " Le^lalEiiLol, qflstai,
Yaxwaxanowil. Wa, g'il'Em-lawise q!ulbe waldEmas laa^lase ho- 10
hoxwe Yaxwaxanowil. Wii, hex' ^idaEm^lawise XinisElilEla g'lix nen-
tfilaxa k!iidzilaxs g'ax^maes Le^lalasE^we Yaxwaxanowile. Wa, g"a-
xaalas ylxiita^ye Yaxwaxanowilaxs g'axae g'ax^wults!alil laxa q!wax-
sEme lE^me«lats!exs lae dEiixEleda nenagade. Wa, g'il^mese q!ul-
beda q!EmdEmaxs lae Lax^Qliie Yaxwaxanowile lax gEmxagawali- 1,5
las Hamase^na.'
. "Le^lalEnLol qastai Gwa^wayela^na"
. . . "Le-'lalEnLol qastai Gilg'Eldokwilai." . . . Wa, la^lae
dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wa, laEmxae yixwe G'ilg'Eldokwila laxes
^naxwaenEme yixumala laxes gwegux"sdEme. 20
. . . "Le^lalEnLol qastai Lletsaplela^nagaqa^sg'axaosyix^wida."
' The following calls are the same as the preceding. For this reason only the
names and characteristic remarks are given.
2 The lark.
1190 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. an.n.35
23 ... "I call you, friend P lElp IeIsIc' lotEiiiEls (One-Side-Moss-
in-Woods), to come and dance!"
|
25 . . . The dancer had really moss on one side of the mask || as
he came in dancing.
|
. . . "I call you, friend XexEyilsk' lotEra (One-Side-Rock-in-
Woods), to come and dance!" and the song-leaders began to sing.
|
Then XexEyilsk' !6tEm danced. There were two of them. And the
|
one side of their masks was really stone. One was a woman, and one
|
a man. ||
;]0 ... "I call you, friend Wuqagas (Frog-Woman), to come and
dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend GElogiidzEwes (Crooked-Beak-of-the-
Sky)." Then the song-leaders began to sing, and GElogQdzEwes
|
had on his face a crooked-beak mask while he was dancing.|
|
. . . "I call you, friend Hox"hogudzEwes (H6x"hok"-of-the-
35 Sky), to come and dance!" • • • Then the song-leaders began|
to sing; and Hox"hogudzEwes began to dance around the fire in the
|
middle of the house, as all those who had dancee first had done.
|
|
. . . "I call you, friend Q!aminagas (Rich-Woman), to come
and dance!" • • . And at once X'hnsElliEla came and told the ||
|
40 men sitting in the house, the spectators, that the one who liad been
called was coming, Qlaminagfis."
| |
22 . . . "Le^lalEnLol qastai P!Elp!Elsk"!otEmEls qa^s g"axaos yix-
^wida.
Wa, heMnis la yE^watsa alaEra p!ElEmse apsanoLEma^yas yixumlasa
25 g'ax yixwa.
.... "Le^lalEnLol qastai XexEyilsk' !otEm qa^s g'axaos yix-wi-
da." Wa la dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wa, la yixwe XexEyilsk" !otEm
laxes ma^lokwae. AlaEm t!esEme apsanoLEma^yas yae.xumlas;
ts!Edaqa ^nEmokwe, wii, la bEgwanEma ^nEmokwe.
30 . . . "Le^lalEnLol qastai Wuqagas qa^s g-fixaos yix^wida."
. . . "Le^lalEnLol qastai GElogudzEwes." Wa, la^lae dEnx^e-
deda nenagade. Wa, la^me Sx^Emale GElogiidzEwesaxa gEl^wilba
yixiimlaxs lae yix^wlda.
. . . "Le^lalEnLol qastai Hox"hogudzEwes qa^s g'axaosylx^wl-
35 da." . . . Wa, la^me dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wa, la^me yix"se-
^stalilEle H6x"hogudzEwesaxa laqwawalllasa g'okwe lax ^naxwa^me
gweg'ilatses g'agilagawa^ye.
... "Le-'lalEnLol qastai Q!aminagiis qa^s g'axaos ylx^wa."
g'ax nenlElaxa
. . . Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise XimsElIlEla
40 k!udzele bebEgwanEmxa x'ifs!ax'tlaxs g'tix-maes Le-lalasE^we
QIaminagase.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOEIBS 1191
. . . "I call you, friend, MamayoLEiiialaga (Woman-giving- 42
Birth), to come and dance!" ... And MamayoLEmalaga
| came
dancing out of the sacred room of hemlock-branches; and
| she had
not yet come half way to the || left of the house, when she sat down, 45
and (pretended to) give birth to a child. Then MamayoLEmalaga
|
arose; and her child arose from the floor wearing a mask,
| and
danced; and MamayoLEmalaga sat down again on the floor, and
|
there came out of the sacred room with hemlock-branches a woman
|
wearing a mask. She was named Mamayoltsilagas (Midwife)
; li and 50
she went straight to MamayoLEmalaga, and danced around her,
|
shaking her hands. She had not done so long, before MamayoLEma-
laga arose; and her child that was just born arose and
| danced;
|
and when the song was at an end, MamayoLEmalaga stood to the
|
left of QIaminagas, and her first child || stood to her left; and the 55
second child stood to the left of her brother, for the second
| child of
MamayoLEmalaga was a girl, and Mamayoltsilagas stood
| at the
|
left of the younger child.
|
. . . "I call you, friend Golalegas (Salmon-Berry-Woman) , to
come and dance!" . . . || And Golalegas came dancing out of the 60
sacred room of hemlock-branches, a woman wearing a
| mask.
|
. . . "I call you, friend Gwedzagas (Sparrow), to come and
dance!"
|
. . . "LeMalEnLol qastai MamayoLEmalaga qa^s g^axaos yix- 42
^wida." . . . Wii, g'ax^lae y}x^wults!alIlEla laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me-
^lats!e MamayoLEmalaga. Wii, k' !es-'Em^lawise nEgoyolilaxa gEm-
xodoyalilasa g^okwaxs lae k!wag'alila qa^s mayol^idesa babagume. 45
Wa, g'lPEm'lawise Lax^iilile MamayoLEmalagaxs lae Lax^ulile xuno-
kwas yixumala qa^s yix^wlde. Wa, aEm^lawise et!ed k!wag-alile
MamayoLEmalagiixs; wa, g"axae g"ax^wults!alila laxa q!waxsEme
lE^me^lats!e yixumala tslEdaqa. HeEm LegadEs Maraayoltsilagase.
Wa, he^nakiilaEm^lawise lax MamayoLEmalagase qa^s ytx"se^stale 50
xwexuleqiila. Wa, k'!es^lat!a gegilllExs lae Lax^ullle Mamayo-
LEmalaga. Wa, la-lae Lax^iillle file mayoLEms qa^s yix^wlde. Wii,
g-Il^Em4iiwise q!ulbe q!EmdEmas lae Lfix^ulile MamayoLEmalaga
lax gEmxagawalilas Q!aminagase. Wa, lii^lae g'ale mayoLEms Lil-
x^idii lax gKmxagawalilas. Wii, hvlae iile mayoLEms Liix^ulii liix 55
gEmxagawalllases wuq!wa qaxs ls!Edfiqae ale mayoLEms Mamayo-
LEmalaga. Wii, la^lae Mamayoltsllagase Lfix^fllil lax gEmxaga-
walilasa alElxsda-ye mayoLEma.
. . . "Le^lalEULol qastai Golalegasai qa^s g'iixaos ylx^wida." . . .
Wa, g'ax^lae yix^wults!!ililEla G5lalegas laxa q!waxsEme lE^me*lats!e 60
yixumala ts!Ediiqa.
. . . "Le^lalEULol qastai Gwedzagasai qa^s g'axaos ylx^wida."
1192 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. axn. 35
63 ... "I call you, friend MemEyoxwa^na (Salmon-Spirit), to
come and dance!" • • • He wore a mask as he came dancing, as
|
65 all the dancers || who had danced before him had done, and their
masks were according to their kind. As soon as the song was at
|
an end, he stood to the left of Gwedzagas.
|
|
. . . "I call you, friend Qoqwadeslla (Listener) to come and
dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend X'ax"ayapalsEla^naga (Sprinkler), to
70 come and || dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend TEWixaxtE^we (Mountain-Goat-
Hunter), to come and dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, T !alt !Emak !wagas (Tying-Woman '), to come
and dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend K' lalmodila^naga (Dust-in-House-
Woman), to come and dance!"
|
. . . "I come to call you, friend Helemil (Helper-in-the-House),
to come and dance!" ||
75 . . . "I come to call you, friend L!aL!apelalag'Els (Door-
Keeper-of-Woods) , to come and dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend Gwag'oma (Partridge-Woman) to
come and dance!"
|
. . . "I call you, friend Ax^axune (Thrush), to come and
dance!"
. . . "I call you, friend Gunegiine (Owl), to come and dance !" ||
. . . "I call you, friend Tsatsax"Leg' ila (Raindrop-Maker), to
come and dance!" ||
63 . • "Le^lalEnLol qastai MemE3'0xwa^na qa^s g'axaos ylx^wida."
. . . Wa, la^me jixunialaxs gaxae yixwa lax ^na.xwa gwalaatsex
65 yixwae LE^wis gag'Uagawa^ye yixs he^mae gwales yaexumles gwe-
gux"sdEme. Wa, gil^Em'lawise q!ulbe q!EmdEmasexs lae LaxH'illl
lax gEmxagawalilas Gwedzagase.
"Le^lalEnLot qastai Qoqwadesila qa^s g"axa6s yix^wlda."
"Le^lalEULol qastai Xax'ayapalsEla^naga qa^s g'axaos ytx-
70 ^wlda.
"Le^lalEULol qastai TEwix'axtE^we qa^s g'axaos ylxwa."
"Le^lalEULol qastai T!alt!Emak!wagas qa^s g'axaos yix^wida."
"Le-lalEnLol qastai K' laimodila^naga qa^s g'axaos ylx^wlda."
"Le^lalEULol qastai Helemil qa^s g'axaos ylx^wida."
75 "Le^lalEULol qastai L!aL!apelalag'Els qa^s g'axaos ylx^wlda."
"Le^lalEnLol qastai Gwag'oma qa^s g'axaos yix-wida."
"Le^lalEULol qastai Ax-'axiiue qa^s g'axaos ylx^wlda."
"Le^lalEULol qastai Guneguue qa^s g'axaos yLx^wIda."
"Le^lalEULol qastai Tsatsax"Leg'ila qa-'s g'axaos yix^wida."
' Blue Jay.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1193
. . . "I come to call you, friend Yfi,xyaxesa^naga (Answering- 80
Woman), to come and dance! . . . "
|
Now there were really many all around the great dancing-house.
|
There are eight whose names have not been given, for I do not
know their names. There should be forty to be called out to
|
dance by X'imsElilEla, as it was shown by the former chief of the
|
Awlk' !enox", Ewftltlala. The great many of them all turned to-||
ward the fire of the great dancing-house; and they aU shouted
|
"Hoho !" at the same time, their whole number.
| |
• -ZO
1194 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 85
As soon as this was at an end, the song-lcadcrs began to sing the
|
90 first song, the one song for the whole number; || and all of them
danced at the same time, wearing their masks, and dancing around
|
the fire in the middle of the great dancing-house. And when the
|
song sung by the song-leaders was at an end, they all turned their
|
faces from the fire in the middle of the great dancing-house, and the
whole number shouted at the same time "Hoho!" The song-lead-
|
95 ers began to sing with slow beating || of time, and the whole number
continued to cry "Hoho!" Then they turned toward the fire, and
|
danced around it; and when the song with the slow beating was at
|
an end, they turned their faces away from the fire, and shouted
|
"Hoho!" And the song-leaders began to sing again a song with
I
300 slower time-beating, || and they all at the same time turned their
faces toward the fire and shouted at the same time "Hoho !" while
|
they were dancing around the fire in the middle of the house. And|
when the song was at an end, they turned away from the fire and
|
shouted "Hoho!" at the sanxe time. Then the song-leaders sang
again with very slow beating of time, and they all shouted
|
5 "H5ho!" and turned their faces to the fire in the middle of theII
house and danced around it.
|
|
Now X'imsElilEla stood in the door of the sacred room of hemlock-
branches; and while they were dancing along, the one who had
I
88 Wa, g-tl^Em^lawise qlwel^edExs laaEl dEnx^ededa nenagade ylses
g'ilx'de dEnxElayaxa ^nEmsgEme qlsmdEms laxes ^waxaase. Wii,
90 ladzek'as-Em'^lae ^nEmag'illlEla yixwa laxes ^naxwaenenne yaexuma-
laxs lae yix"se-stalIlElax laciawalilasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wii,
gipEm^lawise q!ulbe dEnxElayasa nenagadiixs laaEl ^nEmax'^Id lox-
^witsa laqawalilasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa ladzek'as-lae ^uEma-
dzaqwa hohoxwa. Wa, la^lae dEnx'ideda nenagadiisa nEqaxElas
95 tiEmyase qlEradsma. Wa, la^laxae ^nEmadzaqwa hohoxwaxs ladze-
k"asae ^nEmax'^Id LJasgEmx'^id laxa laqawalile qa^s yix^se'stalllElexa
laqawallle. Wa, g'iPEmxaawise qlulbe nEqaxsla q!EmdEms ladze-
k'asae lox^wltsa laqawalile qa^s ^nEmadzaqwe hohoxwa. Wa, la^lae
edzaqwa dEnx^ededa nenagadiisa awiik'Eliis tlEmj'as qlEmdEma.
300 Wii, ladzekas'lae ^nEmiix'-id LliisgEmx'^Id liixa laqawalile qa^s ^nE-
miidzaqwe hohoxwaxs laaEl yix"se^stalTlElaxa laqawalile. Wii, g"il-
^Enrliiwise q!fllbe q!EmdEmas liidzek'asaase lox^wltsa laqawalile qa-'s
^nEmadzaqwe hohoxwa. Wii, hVlae edzaqwa dEnx^'Ideda nemigadiisa
alaEl la awak'Elas tlEmyase. Wii, liidzek'as^lae ^nEmax'^id hoho-
5 xwaxs lae ^nEmax'^id L!asgEmx*^id liixa laqawalile qa's }ix"se^sta-
lIlEleq.
Wa, la^me X'imsElilEla Liix^Qlll liix tlEX'iliisa qlwaxsEme lE^me-
^latsle. Wii, he^mis g'il la yo^nakula qa^s lii lats!a laxa qlwaxsEme
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1195
come first dancing out of the sacred room was the first to go back|
into it; and when all had gone into the sacred room of hemlock- 10||
branches, X'imsElilEla was the last to go in; and as soon as all were|
inside, a woman came out of the sacred room of hemlock-branches|
singing her sacred song; and immediately the song-leaders began to,
sing the song for rapid steps, which was first sung for all the masks,
|
when they were dancing. And when this was at an end, the song-|
leaders sang again the song with slow beating; and when this was 15ll
at an end, the song-leaders sang the song with slower beating; and
| |
finally the song-leaders sang the song with the very slow beating,|
and the woman continued dancing around the fire of the great|
dancing-house. When the song was nearly at an end, went 20|| she
back into the sacred room of hemlock-branches. Her name was|
ALotEnidalag'ils (Walking-behind-the-Mountains).
|
Now I shall talk about the head-ring of the woman and her neck-|
ring, the armlets and anklets, for she was naked. Her head-ring
|
was of hemlock and balsam and red-cedar and salal branches 25||
woven together, and also moss. This was her head-ring, and on
|
top of the head stood a bunch of fern cut off from the root. Her
| |
neck-ring was made in the same way, of hemlock, balsam, cedar-|
branches, and salal-branches, and moss plaited together. This was 301|
her neck-ring. And around her waist she wore hemlock, balsam,|
lE^me%ts!axa gilx'de g"ax^wults!alaq. Wa, g'il^mese ^wFla la lats!§,
laxa qlwaxsEine lE^me'lalslcxs lae X'imsElIlEla eIxlc latsla. Wa, 10
g'il^mese lats'.axs g'iixae yiilaquleda ts'.Edaqe g-ayolts!alllEla laxa
q'.waxsEme lE^nie%ts!a. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa nenagade dEnx^itsa
tsaxala g'il dEnxElayos qaeda ^naxwa yaexumalaxa g ilx'de yixwa.
Wa, giPEin^lawise qlulbaxs lae edzaqweda nenagade dEnx^Itsa nE-
qaxElas tlEinyase. Wii, g'ipEm^lawise q!ulbaxs lae edzaqweda ne- 15
nagade dEnx^etsa awak"Elas tiEmyase q'.EmdEma. Wii, gipEm^la-
wise q!ulbaxs lae edzaqweda nenagade dEux^etsa alak"!ale awak'Eliis
tiEmyase lax hemEnala^mae yix^se^stalilEleda tslEdaqaxa laqawa-
Ijlasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wii, g'ipEm^lawise Eliiq qliilbe
qlEmdEmaxs lae latsla la.xa q!waxsErae lE^me^lats !a. Wii, heEm 20
LegEmsa yi.xwa tslEthlqc ALotEmdalag'ils.
Wa, la^mesEii gwagwex's^iilal lax qEx'Ema^yasa tslfidaqe LE^wis
qEnxawa^ye LE^wis qeqEx'tsliina^ye LE^wis qeqEx'sIdza^ye laxes
xaniilae. Wii, ho^mae qEx'Ema^yas ylxs miilaqElaxa q!waxe LE^wa
m6mox"de LE^wa ts!ap!axe LE^wa lEnEmx'de la qIaq'.ElEwakwa. Wii, 25
he^misa p'.ElEmse. Wii, hcEin qEX'Emese. Wa, hiJ^mis la LiixLiiseda
salaedana ^nEmxLa aEm t!6soyEwe L!op!Ek'as. Wa, he^mlse gwiile
qEnxawa^yase gwiilaasas qEX'Ema^yas yixa q!waxe LE^wa momox"de
LE^wa ts!ap!axe LE^wa lEnEmx'de LE^waplElsmse la q !iiq !ElEwakwa.
Wii, hcEm la qEiixawese. Wii, la qEnoyalaxa qlalEuakwe malaqE- 30
1196 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [eth. ann.35
32 cedar, and salal, and moss, woven together; and the various kinds
|
of plants were hanging from them in the same way as the kinds of
I
plants which I have named that were attached to her belt. It
|
35 looked hke a petticoat. || And the same kinds of plants plaited
together were her armlets and her anklets. That is the dress of
|
|
ALaqlEm, for that is the name of the great dance. It belongs to
the woman who came out dancing last after the forty masked
I
dancers who had for their chief X'imsEhlEla. This was her dress
|
40 when she first came out of the woods. The || forty mask-wearers
were also dressed in the same way; for they wore around their
|
necks hemlock, balsam, cedar, salal-berries, and moss mixed, and
|
|
armlets and anklets of the same kind; and fern was hanging down
|
from (the rings) . ||
45 Now I shall talk about it—how the woman, ALotEmdalag'ils,
|
began to sing again her sacred song in the sacred room of hemlock-
branches. When her sacred song was at an end, the song-leaders
I
sang the same song that they had sung with fast beating of time;
I
and AL5tEmdalag'ils came dancing out of the sacred room of
I
50 hemlock-branches, || and went around the fire in the middle of the
house. And when she came to the I front of the sacred room of
31 laxa q!waxe LE^wa momox"de LE^wa ts!ap!axe LE^wa lEnEmx'de
LE^wa plElEmse. Wa, he^misa ogiiq!emase q!wasq!flxEla. Wa, la
tetEx^una^ya he^maaxat! gwex'SEn la LexeqElaso^ oguqiemase q!was-
qluxEla lax qEnoya^yas. Wa, hela gwex's la saxsdalaq. Wa,
35 heEmxaawise ^waxax'^idala q !wasq !iixEla q !aq!ElEwakwe qeqEX'-
ts!ana^yas LE-wis qeqEx"sIdza^yas. Wii, hcEm gwelaatsa aLa-
qlEm qaxs he-mae LegEmsa ^walase leda. We, hcEm Logwisa
ale g'ax ylxwa ts!Edaqa mosgEmg'ustawe yaexumalaxa g'lgadas
X"ImsElIlEla. Wa, heEm gwalaatsExs g'aloltialae. Wa, la hcEm-
40 xat! gwaleda mosgEmg'ustawe yaexumala, ylxs ^naxwa^mae qe-
qEnxalaxa malaqEla qlaqlElEwak" qlwiix LE^wa m6mox"de LE^wa
ts!ap!axe LE^wa lEnEmx'de LE^wa plElEmse. Wa, la hcEmxat!
gwex'se qeqEX'tslana^yas LE^wis qeqEx'sIdza^ye. Wii, la tekwe-
dEX"sa salaedana.
45 Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal laqexs lae edzaqwa yalaqweda tslE-
daqe, ylx ALotEmdalagils lax otslawasa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latsla.
Wa, g'lpEm^lawise q!ulbe yalaqiilaena^yaxs lae dEnx^ededa nenaga-
dases g'ilx-de dEnxElaya tsaxalas tiEmyase. Wa, g'ax^lae ALotEm-
dalagilse ylx^wtilts lalllEla laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me^lats!a qa^s le
50 he^stalilElaxa laqawallle. Wa, gil^mese lag'aa laxa Llasalllasa
qlwaxsEme lE^me^lats!exs lae hex'siiEm la yfxwe. Wii, g'il-'Em^la-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1197
hemlock-branches, she continued to dance; and when her song was 52|
at an end, she remained standing there. Then the song-leaders|
began to sing the song with slow beating of time,, and ALotEmda-|
lag'ils danced around the fire in the middle of the hofise; and || when 55
she came to the outside of the sacred room of hemlock-branches,
|
she continued to dance there; and when the song was at an end, she
stood still, and the song-leaders began to sing again the song with
|
slow time-beating, and ALotEiudalag'ils danced again around the
|
fire in the middle of the house; and when she came to the place out-|
side of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, || she stiH danced there. 60
When the song was at an end, she remained standing; and the
|
song-leaders began to sing the song with very slow time-beating,
|
and AiotEmdalag'ils danced around the fire in the middle of the
|
house. When she came to the place outside of the sacred room of
|
hemlock-branches, she danced for a httle while there. II Then she 65
went back into the sacred room of hemlock-branches. Then that
was the end of this.
|
As soon as the song of the song-leaders was at an end, a handsome|
man came out of the sacred room of hemlock-branches, and|
K!wak!wabalas recognized X'imsElilEla. He carried a head-ring of
|
red cedar-bark, and a neck-ring of red cedar-bark; for || these were 70
the cedar-bark head-ring and neck-ring of AiotEmdalag'ils, when
she came to dance the last time; and her armlets and anklets
|
I
were of red cedar-bark, and what stood on the head-ring of AxotEmda-
wise qlulbe qlEmdEmaxs lae Lax^iilila. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa dEn- 52
x^ededa nenagadasa nEqaxElas t!Emyas qlEmdsms. Wa, laEm-
^laxae AxotEmdalag'ilse yix"se^stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wa, g^ipEm-
^lawise lag'aa lax Llasalllasa q!waxsEme lE^me^lats !exs lae heEm 55
la yixwe. Wa, gil^Em^lawise q!ulbe qlEmdEmaxs lae Lax^ulll. Wa,
la^lae edzaqwa dEnx^ededa nenagadasa awak'Elas tiEmyas qlEm-
dEnis. Wa, la^lae etiede ALotEmdalag'ilse yix"se^stalilElaxa laqawa-
lile. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag'aa lax Llasalilasa qlwaxsEme lE^me^la-
tslexs lae hex'saEm ylxwe. Wa, gipEm^lawise q!iilbe qlEmdsmas 60
lae S,Em Lax^ulila. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa dEnx^ededa nenS,gadasa
alak'!ala awakfilas tlEmyase qlEmdEms. Wa, la^lae AxotEmdala-
g'ilse yix"se^stalilElaxa laqawalile. Wa, g-il^Em''lawise lag-aa lax
Llasalilasa qlwaxsEme lE^me-lats lexs lae yawas^id yix^wld laqexs
lae latslalil laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latsla. Wa, lasm gwal laxeq. 65
Wa, g-U^Em'lawise qlulbe dEiixElayasa nenagadaxs g'axae g'ax-
^wiilts latilEla laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latsla ex'sok" bEgwanEma.
Wa, la^me Klwaklwabalase maltlalaq he^me XimsElilEla. Wa,
la^me dalaxa LlagEkume^ye LE^wa qEnxawa^ye LlagEkwa ylxs he-
^mae LlagEkumes ALotEmdalag'lls LE^wa qEnxawa^ye LlagEkiixs 70
g-axae al yixwa LE^wa qeqEX'tslana^ye LlagEkwa LE^wa qeqEx^sI-
dza^ye LlagEkwa, he^misa Lax"La^yas ALotEmdalag'ilse LlagEkwa.
1198 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |eth. ann. 35
73 lag' lis was also cedar-bark. X imsElilEla came out carrying the red|
cedar-bark armlets of ALotEmdalag'ils when she danced the last
|
75 time accompanying her four songs. || And X'imsElilEla spoke, and
said, "0 friend K!wak!wabalas! now you have seen what will be
|
your treasure. Now this great wintci'-dance house shall go to you,
|
and you shall have everything that you have seen done by these|
here. Now, this (dance) aLaq Ism shall go to you ; and your name|
shall be ALotEmdalag'ils, when you are captured by whomever j'ou
80 Uke, when you show yourself to the tribes; and your dress shall be||
the same as the dress of ALotEmdalag'ils —hemlock-branches, with
|
which she was first caught in the morning; and when 3'ou again|
dance in the evening, then wear red cedar-bark mixed with white.|
Now it is yours, and you shall change your name. Your name shall
|
85 be no more K!wak!wabalas, but your name shall be || Gwaexsdaas;
and this is difficult about the great dance. When you first show|
the masks of our forty friends, you must give winter dances for
|
four years in succession and show them; and after j-ou have given
|
90 winter dances for four winters, then you must burn the masks || of
|
our friends, that thej^ may all come back; and if you do not do
|
this, if you do not burn the masks, you will have misfortune. And
|
when you wish to give a winter dance, after having burned the
|
73 Wa, he-'mis g^ax ^wi-'la daa.x"s XimsElilEla L!aL!EgEkidas ALotEm-
dalagilsaxs alae g'ax yixwasa mosgEme q'.EmqiEmdEmas. Wii,
75 la^lae yaqlEg'a^le X'lmsElilEla. Wa, la4ae ^nek'a: "Wa, qast,
K!wak!wabalas, la-'mas doqulaxes LogweLos. Wa, la'mox liiLa
^walasex ts!agats!e gok" laL LE^wis layos 'naxwa dox^waLEla-
xEnu^x" gwegwalag'ili-lasa. Wii, laEui lal laLxa aLaqlEm. Wa, las
LegadElts ALotEmdalagils qaso k'Emyaso^LO yises gwE^yuLaos qa^s
SO ne^lasLos laxwa lelqwiilaLa^yax. Wii, hcEniLEs gwiilaLe gwiilaasas
ALotEuidalag'Usax q Iwaq luxElakwaaxs g'alae g'ax kimyanEmaxa
gaiila. Wii, g iPmese et!ed jaxwaxa ganoLaxs liigas qEX'^aLElag'a
LleLlagEkuk" ^niElmiiqEla liiq. Wii, laEm hosL. Wit, lannets L!a-
yoxLaL5l, laEms gwid LegadEs K!wak!wabalase, laEms LegadEs
85 Gwaexsdaase. Wii, g'a^mes liixwalayosa ^wiilasex leda yixs gil-
'meLaqos uel^idiimasex yaexumlasEn ^ne-uEmokwexa mosgEuig-us-
ta,we. Wii, mox^unxelatlaLEs -'na^nelela yawix'ilal qa nel-'edaats.
Wa, g'iPmesEs gwiilxa la m6p!Ena yiiwixilaxa mox^iinxe, wii, g^Il-
^mets gwiil kwexElaxa ganoLaxs laaqos ^wi^la lEqwilax'^idxox yae-
90 xumiaxsEns ^ne^nEmokwex qa g-axesox ^wl^la aedaaqa laq". Wa,
qas^o k'les he gwex^^idELe lax 'wi^la lEqwilaxwa yaexumlex liiLES
a^me^lasn6x"L6L Wii, g'ilnnets ^nex' qa-'s yiiwix'ilaos alagEwexs
hiLex ^wi^la lEqwilaxox yaexumtaxsEns ^ne^nEmokwex aEmlwIts
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1199
masks of our friends, imitate the forty masks that you have seen,
j
and which are your treasure; and you shall have this death-bringing 95||
baton, so that you may kill at once those who hate you in your tribe,|
for they will envy you on account of the treasure that you have
|
obtained. This is the first time that it goes to the seaside here, where|
you came from; for it is not related to my friend Cannibal-at-|
North-End-of-World, who lives inland. This is what I mean, 400||
friend, Gwaexsdaas. Now you have obtained a great treasure from|
me on account of your coming to this supernatural place where I
live with my friends." Thus said X'imsElilEla.
|
I
Then he turned his face to the sacred room with hemlock-branches,
and said, "Come, friends, let us try to purify our || friend Gwaexs- 5
I
daas, so that no harm may come to him on account of the treasure|
which he has obtained from us!" Thus he said. As soon as he
stopped speaking, the forty spirits came out of the sacred room
| |
of hemlock-branches, and sat down in the rear of the great dancing-
|
house; and the new dancer, ALotEmdalag'ils, sat down in the rear 10||
of the great dancing-house. And when all had sat down, X'imsE-|
lilEla spoke again, and said, "Now, look, friends! and show what
| |
we do when we disappear for this great dance, aLaqlEm. Now,|
come! Ts !EqomeLElsa^na, and take the || magical mat, and spread it 15
nanaxtsiEwalxwa mosgEing'ustax yaexumlos la dox^waLElaxos Lo-
gvva^yaqos. Wa, g'a^meseg'a ha^ayuk" t!Emyaya qa^s hex-'ida- 95
^meLos lE^lamasxa le]ak!walaLases g'okulotaos laL, qaxs odzEgEm-
yEweLos LOgwa^yaqos qaxs he^maex aleltsox ^nEmx^^idala lal
laxwa g'ayolasaq!osxwa Litisakwax ^uala, yixs k'lesaex Lawagala
LE^wun ^nEmokwae Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ya laxg'in aLeg'a. Wa,
he^mesEn ^ne^naklle, qast Gwaexsdaas. LaEms ^walas Logwala 400
g'axEn qaes g^ax^enaos laxwa ^nawalakwex awmak!usaxEn g'okii-
lasex Loguns ^ne^nEmokwex," ^nex'^lae XimsElilEla.
Wa, la^lae gwegEmx'^id laxa qiwaxsEme lE^me^lats!e. Wa, la^lae
^nek'a: "Gelag'a ^na^nEwalak" ^wi^lax qEns wag'il lalax'SEwaxg"Ins
^nEmokiik' laxg'a GwaexsdaasEk' qa kMeises a^me^latsEk' laxos 5
Logwa^yex g'axEns," ^nex'^lae. Wa, gil^Em^lawise q!wel-idExs
g'axaalase hox^wtilts!aweda mosgEmg'ustawe ha^ayalilagas laxa
q!waxsEme lE^me^lats!a qa^s g'axe k!us^alil laxa ogwiwalllasa ^walase
ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, hcEin^lawise kiwaleda dzelfile ALotEm-
dalag'ilsa neqewalilasa -'walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, gil^Em^la- 10
wise ^wilg'alilExs lae edzaqwa yaq !Eg"a^le XimsElllEla. Wa, la^lae
^nek'a: "Wag'il la doqwalaLEx ^ne^uEmok" qa^s wag'aos ^naxwali-
lasEiis gwayayae^lasaxgins xisalek' qaoxda ^walasex ledaxwa aLa-
q!Emex. Wa, gelag'a Ts!EqomeLElsa^na qa^s laos Sx^edxa ^nawala-
gudzo le^wa^ya qa g'axese LEp!alIl laxg'ada L!asalilg'asg'ada lE^me- 15
1200 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann.36
16 out in front of this sacred room." Tlius he said. Immediately
|
Ts lEqomeLElsa^na arose, went into the sacred room of lienilock-
|
branches, and it was not long before he came back carrying
| the
magic mat, which he spread outside of the sacred room
| of hemlock-
20 branches. When he || had done this, TslEqomeLElsa^na sat down
where he had been sitting before, for the forty men and women
|
wore no masks; and they sat down in the place where they had
| been
standing before, when tliey first came out of the sacred room of
|
hemlock-branches. They did not change their places.
|
25 Tlien X'imsElilEla spoke again, and said, || "Now, arise, friend
HoxhoxulsEla, and you, friend G ilg'Eldokwila, and you, friend
|
Gwa^wayela^na, and you, friend l letsaplelanaga, and carry on
|
your arms our friend Gwaexsdaas, and let him sit down on the
j
magic mat that has been spread out." Tlius he said. Then the four
|
30 stood up, and went to || the place where Gwaexsdaas was sitting.
The four persons stood around Gwaexsdaas, and carried him on
|
their arms, and put him down on the magic mat; and when they
|
had done so, the four people sat down in their seats.
|
|
35 Then X'imsElilEla spoke again, and said, || "Now, come, Yaxwaxa-
nowil, and work over our friend, and also you, friend Q laminagas,|
you shall be the attendant of our friend. — and you, friend
|
16 ^lats!ek-."^nex"^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise La.x^ulile Ts!EqomeLEl-
sa^na qa^s la laex laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latslii. Wii, k'!es%t!a
gex'^idExs g'axae xwelaqa dalaxa ^nawalagudzowe le^wa^ya qa^s le-
plaliles lax iJasalllasa q!waxsEme lE^me^lats!a. Wii, gil^Em^lawise
20 gwalExs lae k!wag'allla, yix Ts!EqonieLElsa^na laxes kiwaelase, yi.xs
k'leasae la yixumalasa mosgEmg'ustawe bebEgwanEm LE^wa ts!e-
dacje. Wii, heEm^laxaiiwise gwaeles gwae^lasaxs galae g"ax^wuhs!a-
lll laxa q'.waxsEme lE^me'lats!es la k'.walaena^ya k"!es layap!ahi.
Wa, la^ae edzaqwa, yaqlEga'le XlmsElilEla. Wa, hVlae ^nek'a:
25 "Vv^iigil la Lux^uliLEx, qast HoxhoxulsEla i.o^s qast GilgEldokwIla
Lo^s qast Gwa'wayela^na lo^s qast Lletsaplela^naga qa^s lax"da*xwaos
q'.ElostalllaxEns -nEmox"dzexox Gwaexsdaasex qa^s gaxaosasox
qa k'.wadzolilesox laxg'a lax' LEbela ^nawalagudzok" le^wa^ya," ^nex'-
^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^wi^la q!wiig'ilileda mokwe qa^s le hxx
30 kiwaelasas Gwaexsdaase. Wii, ex'^Em^lawise q Iwa^staleda mokwax
Gwaexsdaase, laaEl qlElElilaq c[a=s lii k'.wadzolllas laxa ^nawalagu-
dzowe ie^wa^ya. Wa, g il^Em'liiwise gwalExs g'tlxae k!us-'aliieda
mokwe liixes kliidze^lase.
Wii, la^lae edzaqwa, yiiq!Eg'a^le X'imsElilEla. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a:
35 "Wii, gelag'a Yaxwaxanowil qa-s laos laxes eaxenaH'os, qast. Wa,
so^mets, qast, Q!aminag&s. LaEms liil ^uExwiilaLElalxEn ^nEmo-
kwex. Wii, so^mets qast Gwedzag&s. LaEras liil liixes eaxena^yos.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1201
Gwedzagas, work for him! —and you, friend Ax^xttne, you shall 38|
help our friend Gwedzagas in her work." Thus he said. Immedi-|
ately these four arose and went to the place where Gwaexsdaas was 40II
sitting; and at once Yaxwaxanowil, and his friend Qlimin^as,
| |
became supernatural, and threw disease into Gwaexsdaas, so that |
he was dead. And as soon as Gwaexsdaas was dead, Gwedzagas |
and his friend Ax^axtine examined his body, and pecked out the 45||
secular spots that they saw on his body; and after they had done|
so, Yaxwaxanowil, and his friend Ql&minagas, threw into his
|
stomach their shamanistic power; and after they had done so,|
Gwaexsdaas sang his sacred song. Now he was a great shaman;|
and as soon as the four had finished, they came and sat down in 50II
their places. Gwaexsdaas kept on singing his sacred song in the|
place where he was sitting on the magical mat.
|
Then X'imsElilEla spoke again, and said, "Now, come, friend|
MemEyoxwa^na ! and purify the whole body of our friend, Gwaexs-|
daas." Thus he said. Immediately MemEyoxwa^na arose and 55||
went to Gwaexsdaas who was sitting on the magical mat, and Me-|
mEyoxwa^na took off the slime from his skin and put it on the body|
of Gwaexsdaas. After he had done so, he sat down in his seat.| |
Wa, so^mets, qast Ax^axune. LaEms lal g-iwalalxEns ^nEmokwe 38
Gwedzagas laxes eaxena^yos LE^we," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
wise q'.wag'llileda mokwe qa^s lii k'.utse^stalilax Gwaexsdase. Wa, 40
hex'^idaEm^lawise Yaxwaxanowile LE^wis ^uEmokwe Qlaminagase
^nawalaguMa. Wa, la^me mEx^edEx Gwaexsdaase. Wa, la^me
lE^la. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lE^le Gwaexsdaase laa4ase Gwedzagase
LE^wis ^nEmokwe Ax^axQne doqwetlidEX oklwina^yas Gwaexsdaase
qa^s LEnlHdexes dox^waLEle baxus topslaLEla lax ok!wina-yas. 46
Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwalExs lae Yaxwaxanowile LE^wis ^nEmokwe
Q'.amin&g&se mEx^alisases pepExalaena^ye lax tEk'Ias Gwaexsdaase.
Wa, g'iPEm^awise gwalExs laaEl yalaqwe Gwaexsdaase. Wa, la*me
^walas paxala. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise gwaleda mokwe g'axaalase
k'.us^allla laxes g-ale kliidze^lasa. Wa, la^me aEm la hayolilEla 50
yalaqQle Gwaexsdaase laxes klwadzali^lasa ^nawalagildzowe le^wa-ya.
Wa, la^lae edzaqwa, yaq'.Eg'a^le XimsElilila. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"Wa, gelag'a qast, yuL MemEyoxwa^na qa^s laos lax'sax'^idamasxEns
^nEmox"dze Gwaexsdaase;" ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'HdaEm*lawise Lax-
^lilile MemEyoxwa^na qa^s la lax k'.wadz&li^asas Gwaexsdaasaxa 55
^nawalagudzowe le^wa^ya. Wa, la^lae MemEyoxwa^na ftxalax'^idxes
tsox^una^ye qa^s le Sxetlets lax ok!wina=yas Gwaexsdaase. Wa,
g"Il-Em'lawise gwalExs g'axae k'.wag'alila laxes kiwaelase.
75052—21—35 eth—ft 2 27
1202 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
60 Then X'lmsElllEla spoke again, and said, || "O friends! it seems to
me that we have done everything we do in our great winter dance.
|
Now let us take our friend Gwaexsdaas out of the woods, with his
|
great dancing-house, which obtains its own fire-wood for the fire in
|
the middle of the house. Now, our great friend shall say where he
|
65 wants this house to be put, for this will be the only great dancing-
||
house that goes to the Sea-DweUers of this world. Now let us sing
|
for our great friend. Only let the door be barred, so that no secular
|
people can enter the house of our great friend Gwaexsdaas. Now I
|
shall wait for what he will say." Thus said XimsElilEla. Imme-
|
70 diately || Gwaexsdaas thought that he wished the great dancing-
house to be placed at the upper side on the river K' !etet, at the
|
village of the Awik' !enox"; and at once Qoqwadeslla spoke, and
|
said. "We shall place this great dancing-house at the upper side of
I
Kletet, at the village of the Awik' !enox", K"etet." Thus he said.
I
75 Then || all the spirits agreed to what he said.
|
Then X'imsElilEla spoke again, and said, "Now, listen to me,
|
every one of you, friends! Do not take with you your masks, for
|
we shall only take care of our great friend here, so that he may|
know the ways of this great dance which he obtained as a treasure II
80 from us. In four days we shall go when night comes. Then we
|
shall dance for our great friend before the tribe of our great friend
|
Wa, la-lae edzaqwa yaqlEg'a^le XimsElllEla. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
,60 "Wa, ^ne^nEm5k"; lax"st!aax''me ^wIlg'alilEns gwayi^lalase qaEns
^walasex ts!aq !ena^ya. Wa, la^mesEns lal taodolt !EnLEXEus ^nEmox"-
dzax, laxox Gwaexsdaasex, LE^wa ^walasex ts!agats!e g'okwaxwa
q!waq!{ilebag'ilax qa^s laqawalil g'okwa. Wa, la-mesox yaq!Eg'a-l-
LEns ^nEm6x"dzax yises gwayoLa qa g'ox^uldzasltsa ^uEmgeEm-
65 Lex alak'lala ^walas ts!agats!e g'ok" lal laxwa Llasakwax ^nala.
Wa, la^mesEns nSgwasml dEnxElal qaEns ^nEm6x"dze. AEmLEns
LEneg'ix"La t!Ex'ilax qa k"!eases g'axelts baxusa g"okulotsEns ^nE-
mox"dzax yix5x Gwaexsdaasax. Wa, la^mesEns olastogwalilLEx wal-
dEmLaq!Eso," ^nex'^lae X'imsElilEla. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Gwa-
70 exsdaase g'ig'aex^eda qa^s hes g'ox^iildzatsa^walase ts!agats!eg'okwe
S,psotasa ^wa, yix K'!etete, lax g'okulasasa Awik" !enoxwe. Wa,
hex'^idasm^lawise yaqlEg'a^le Qoqwadesila. Wa, la'lae ^nek^a:
"Hellaox g'ox^ulsLa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwe apsotas K"!etete, ylxs
g'okulaexa AwIk"!enoxwe lax KMetete," ^nex"^lae. Wii, la^me
75 ^naxwa ex'^ak'eda haayalilagasax waldEmas.
Wa, lii-'lae edzaqwa, yaqlEg-a^le X'imsElilEla. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"Weg'a ^naxwa hoLelax hamalEl ^ne^nEmok"; k' lefts k'!es laltsos
yaxLEnaqos qaxgins a^meLEk'nogwaEm aaxsilalgins ^nEm6x"dzek"
qa alak"!ales6x qi^LElaxEns gwayi^lalasaxwa ^walase lede Logwesox
80 g"axEns. Wa, laLEns mop !Enxwa^sLEns ^nalaLa qEnso lalxa laLa
ganol-'idEl qEns hex''ida'mel kwexElalxEns ^nEm6x''dzex, ylxs k' ies-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1203
go to sleep, so that the tribes may be surprised." Thus he said.
|
[
Then they rested for four days, and || late at night X'imsElilEla told 85
the spirits that they would now move the great dancing-house to
|
the place above K" !etet. Gwaexsdaas did not know that the
| great
dancing-house was already standing where he wanted it to stand
|
on the ground. Now, Gwaexsdaas kept his death-bringing baton.
| ||
Now, the ancestors of the JLwIk" !enox" saw the great dancing- 90
|
house, and the sparks coming through the roof, and there was sound
of singing; and they called "H5ho!" as the forty spirits were
| |
being called by X"imsElilEla. Then the ancestors of the Awik' !e-
|
nox" were afraid to go and look at it. And the song-leaders of
| the
ancestors of the Awik' !enox" |1 sat down outside of the house of their 95
chief Ewiiltlala, and they repeated the song that they heard sung
|
in the great dancing-house. Now, X'imsElilEla wished that the
|
song-leaders of the Awik' !enox" would learn the songs, for they
|
heard them distinctly while they were singing. And X'imsElilEla
|
did as he had been doing that night whenII Gwaexsdaas first 50
entered the great dancing-house. And when the forty masked
|
|
spirits had finished, then Gwaexsdaas danced, wearing the cedar-
|
bark rings mixed with white. And after he had danced with the
|
*meLa mex^ede g'okulota ^nEmsEns ^nEmox^dzex, qEns q!ayax6lE- 82
meltsa lelqwalata^yax," ^nex'^lae.
Wa, g"ll^Em^lawise mop'.Enxwa^s la x'osala. Wa, laEm^lawise
gagala ganoLa laa^lase X'imsElilEla nelaxa haS,yalilagasaxs lE^mae 85
LequlsLaxa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa lax apsStas K' !etete. Wa, la^me
k' !es qlaLEle Gwaexsdaasaxs g'ax^maaxoL g'ox^illseda ^walase ts!aga-
ts'.e g'ok" lax walagElas qa g'ox^iildzats. Wa, laEm^lae Gwaexs-
daase q!ap!ex'sa LE^wa halay5 tiEmyaya.
Wa, gwalElaEm^lawisa g'alasa Awik'lenoxwe doqQlaxa 'walase 90
ts'.agatsle g'okuxs anobexsalaes ogwase; wa, he^mesexs lae dEnx-
k"!aia, wa, he^misexs lae hohoxwe Lelwult lalilayas XimsElilElaxa
mosgEmg'ustawe haayalilagasa. Wa, laEm^lae kilEla la doqwaqxa
g'alasa Awik" lenoxwaq. Wa, la^lae nenagadasa g'alii Awik'Ienox"
klfls^Els lax Llasana^yas g'okwasa g'igSma^ye EwQltlala qa^s dEnxe- 95
g'a^yexa dEnxElayasa dsnxk'Iala laxa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa.
Wii, laEm^lae hESEx X'imsElilEla niqa^ya laena^yas q!aq!oL!e nentt-
gadasa Awik'!enoxwaxa qlEmq'.EmdEme qaxs qlulaxsdalae wuLEla-
qexs dEnxElae. Wa, laEm^lae X'imsElilEla asm iiEqEmg'lltEwexes
gweg'ilasaxa ganoLe yixs g'alae laeLe Gwaexsdaase laxa ^walase 500
ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise gwala mosgEmg'ustawe yae-
xumala ha&yalilagasa laa^lase yLx^wide Gwaexsdaase. Wii, la^me
qeqEX'l%x"sa mEhnaqEla L'.agEkwa. Wa, g'il^mese gwal yixwasa
mosgEme qlEmqiEmdEma lae X'imsElilEla, le yaq'Eg'a^la. Wa, la^lae
1204 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.S6
•5 four songs, X'ImsElllEla spoke, and || said, "Now, this is all. Now
your name shall be ALotEmdalag'ils in this great dance aLaqlEm.
|
Now, you have done well, great friend. Only take care and do not
|
hurt it! Now, I shall tell our friends that I know that
| he was| |
beaten by his father at Wawale: therefore he wanted to commit
10 suicide || on account of his Nak !wax' da^x" father TslEx^ed, the
|
chief of the numayra G' exsEm. And his mother is Ts lEqala, the
|
Awlk' !enox" woman. And the only mistake our great friend made
|
was that he did not wish this great winter dancing-house to be
|
placed in the country of his father, TslEx^ed, Wawale. I mean that
15 we II ennoble his mother's side." Thus he said. "Now for three
nights we shall sing for our great friend, and the fourth night the
|
I
song will be sung by his tribe; and we shall all become invisible,
|
that we may not be seen by this tribe, although we shall walk
|
about giving instructions secretly, telling them what to do; || and we
20 shall leave all the masks in the | sacred room." Thus said X'imsE-
lIlEla to his friends.
|
As soon as he stopped speaking, and when daylight came in the
morning, the spirits never came out. They remained sitting
| |
around the fire in the middle of the great dancing-house. Now, ||
25 the ancestors of the Awlk" !enox" were really frightened at what they
saw, for they did not | know what it was.
|
5 ^nek'a: "Wa, la^mox ^naxwa gwala. Wa, laEms LegadEs ALotEm-
dalag'ils laxos ^walasex ledaxwa aLaqlEm. Wa, lasms helaxa *nE-
mox"dze. Weg'a aEm yaLlaLEx qa's k'lesaos momasilaq". Wa, la-
^mesEn nelaLExgins ^ne^nEmokQk' ylxg'ln q'.ala^meg'aqoxs k*!ela-
k'asE^waaxses ompa lax Wawale; lag'ilasox toyag'e yixs
10 Nak!wax"da^xwae ompasox ylxa Legadas TslEx^ede, g"Ig&-
ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa G"exsEme; wa, lox ^bayadEs Ts'.Eqalaxa
Awlk'.enoxwaxsEme. Wa, hetos^me odzaxayosEns ^nEm6x"dzax
k'!esaex ^nex' qEns he^me g"oxuldzatsa ^walasex ts!agats!e g'okwe
&wmagwisases ompe TslEx^ede lax Wawale, ^ne^nak'ilxg-lns yEwek"
15 la weqwasE^wa 5bask"!6tex," ^nex'^lae. " Wa, la^mesEns yfidux"-
plEnxwa^s kwexElalxEns ^nEmox"dzexa gagEnoLe. Wa, la^mesox
g"ax kwexElasoltses g'okiilotaxa ganoLasa moxsota ^nala §.EmLEns
^wPlal kMalk-!Ey6ts!enox"LE qEns k'lese dogQlts g'okulotasox, wax"-
^melg'ins g-Eyimg'illlElal qEns wQnale Lexs^alaq qa gwegwiilag'l-
20 lil^ats. Wa, laLaLSx g'lX'g'ael^EniLEns yaexumlex *wPta laxwa 1e-
me^latslex," ^nex'^lae XimsElilElaxes ^ne^uEmokwe.
Wa, g-il^Em^lawise qlwel^idExs lae ^nax-^idxa gaala. We, he-
waxa^Em^lawise g'axEwulsnokwa hafiyalllagase. AEm^lae klQtse-
^stalilElaxa laqawalllasa 'walase ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, laEm^lae
25 fi.lak'^ala k'ilEla g'alasa Awik'lenoxwe la dox^widEq qa kMetsIena-
*yas ql&LElax gwex'sdEmas.
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1205
Then TslEx^ed, thefather of ALotEmdalag'ils, visited the Awlk'j !e- 27
nox" with his wife Ts Isqaia. And Ts lEx^ed, and his wife Ts lEqala,
|
were seated among the Awik' !enox" as they all went 11 into the house 30
of their chief Ewtilt.'ala, talking about the great house at one side
|
of the village; and the song-leaders were talking about the songs,|
which were very different from the winter-dance songs of the
|
Awik" !enox", which they obtained from NEnwaqawe^ through the
|
wife of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, for the song-leaders were
secretly singing || what they had heard sung in the night by the 35
men in the great house— for there is only one tune, aye hahoyaxae
|
thus the song-leaders said, as they were secretly singing to-
|
gether. Then some of the Awik" !enox" guessed that they were
|
ghost-dancers. And TslEx^ed spoke, and said, "O chiefs! hsten|
to what I am going to say ! || It occurs to me that this is my son 40
K !wak Iwabalas who went to commit suicide. It may be this is what
|
we talked about, what you say is hke a different kind of song, j Only
take care, chiefs ! It might be he." Thus said he.
|
Then aU the Awik' !enox" discovered that it was he; and allj the
Awik' !enox" said that they would come and sit down outside when 45||
night would come, so that they might learn the songs weU. And when
|
night came, they heard the sound of the names being called out of the
sacred room, and cries of "Hoho!" And then they would sing the
J
Wa, la^lae TslEx^ede, yix ompas AxotEmdalag'Ilse baguna LE^wis 27
gEiiEme TslEqala laxa Awik' lenoxwe. Wa, laEm^lawis klwagelile
TslE.x^ede LE^wis gEUEme TslEqalaxa Awik" !enoxwaxs lae ^wi^lae-
LEla lax g'okwases g'igama^ye Ewiiltlala gwagwex"s^ala laxa ^wa- 30
lase g'okwa lax apsotases g'okfllase. Wa, he^mlsa nenS,gadaxs
lae gwagwex's^ala lax q .'Emq !EmdEmasexs xEnLElae 6guq!ala laxa
ts!aq!alasa AwikMenox", yix g'ayanEmas NEnwaqawe lax gEnE-
mas Bax"bakwalanux"si^wa^ye, yi^laxs laewunala dEiix^ideda nenaga-
dases wuLElaxa ganoLe dEnxElayasa bebEgwanEma laxa ^walase 35
g'okwa, ytxs ^uEmaes " kje hahoyaxae," ^nex'^laeda nen^gadaxs
lae ^UEmadzaqwa wunwiinosa dEnxEla. Wa, la^lae k'oteda wao-
kwe Awik!enoxwaq lEloMala. Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le TslEx^ede.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, g'ig'Egame, waEntsos hoLelaxg'in waldEm-
LEk'. HedEn g'ig'aega^yEn xuno^kwae K!wak!wabalasaxs to^yag'aa 40
q5 heEmlaxEns gwagwex's^alasaxes gwE^yos oguqialas q!Emq!Em-
dEm. Wag'illa asm yaL!S,LEx g'ig'Egame^ qo hcEmlaxo," ^nex'^lae.
Wa, la^me q!al^aLEla ^naxweda Awik' !enoxwaq he^ma. Wa,
la^me 'nek'eda ^naxwa Awik'lenoxwe qa^s ^wi-'lalag'i lal kliisElsxa
lata ganoHdEl qa^s alax'^ide q!aq!oL!ax qlEmqlsmdEmas. Wa, 45
g'il^mese ganoHdExs laase Lel^wGlt lalilfilak' lalasE^wa LeLEqElasE^wes
LeLEgEme. Wa, lanaxwe hohoxwaxs lae dEnx^ets qlEmdEmas.
—;
1206 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
48 song. And the Awiklenox" heard the sound they made, and the
I
names. Then the Awik' !enox" remained to the end1 sittmg down ||
50 that night, outside of the house of their chief E\vfllt!ala who was
hstening to the words that X'imsElilEla was speaking, for he was
[
the head chief of the spirits. And when the forty masks danced
| |
for the song-leaders of the Awik" !enox" counted the number of
|
55 times that X"imsElilEla called out the names, || and also how often
each one shouted "Hoho!" and also what X'imsElilEla said when| |
he spoke to the men sitting in the house and told them that the one
whom he had called was coming, and also when he named the names|
of those who have already been named when they stood outside of
|
60 the sacred room of hemlock-branches; therefore it was just as||
though the song-leaders were sitting among the spirits, and as though
they were seeing what was being done; for they really heard every-
|
thing that was said by X'imsElilEla, for the night was very calm.
|
|
When night came again, all the Awlk" !enox" sat down outside
|
65 of the house of their chief Ewtilt !ala ; || and when they were seated.
Chief EwQltlala spoke, and said, "Now, take care, tribe! for I
|
|
guess this is K !wak Iwabalas, the son of my sister Ts lEqala, the one|
for whom they are singing, for he went to commit suicide at Wawale
48 Wa, ^naxwaEm wiiLEleda Awik" !enoxwax gwekMalasas l6* lble-
gEmis. Wa, laEm^lawiseda AwikMenoxwe sEnbeEm klfltslES lax
50 Llasan^^yas g"6kwases g'ig&ma^ye Ewtilt !alaxa ganoLe hoLelax wal-
dEmi^lalas yaq lEnt lalase XimsElilEla, yixs he^mae xamagEme
g'igilme^sa ha&yalilagase. Wa, g"il^Em^lawise ^wi^la ylx^wideda
mosgEmg'ustawe yaexumala, yixs gElwig'e^maa^laeda nenagadasa
Awik" lenoxwax ^waxaplEnasa X'imsElilEla Lex^edEx LegEmases Le-
55 lalasE^we. Wa, he^misex ^nEmplEndzaqwa^mae hohoxweda ^nal-
^uEmokwe lax Le^lalasE^was. Wa, he^mis waldEmas X'imsElilElaxs
lae ^nenlElaxa kludzele bebEgwanEmxs g'ax^maes Le^lalasE^we ^nek"
et'.ed Lex^edEX LegEmases laEmx^daLal Lex^etsE^waKS lae La^wil lax
Llasalilasa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latsIa. Wa, he^mis £llag"ilt3 ^UEma-
60 x'isa nen§,gade l6^ laEm k!wag"ililxa haayalilagase qa^s doqwalex
gwegwalag'ili^lasas qaxs alak-!alae qlillaatala wilLElax waldEmi^la-
las X'imsElilEla, qaxs §,lak'!alae qloqulaxa ganoLe.
Wii, la^lae et!ed ganoWda laEm^axaawiseda Awik'Ienoxwe ^wi^la
kliisEls lax LlasantVyas g'okwases g'igflma^ye Ewtilt !ala. Wa,
65 g'ipEm^lawise ^wilg'aEls lae yaqlEg'a^la yixa g'igama^ye Ewtilt !ala.
Wa, la%e ^nek'a: "Weg-a yaLlaLEx g'oktilot qaxg'in la^mek'
k'ot!edEqe heEm K!wak!wabalasa yLx xunokwasEn wiiqlwaqox
TslEqalaeda la q lEmtasE^waxa to^yag'a lax Wawale. Wii, lalaxe
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1207
and he may have obtained as a treasure the great house seen by us,|
and what is heard by us. || I mean, let us take care ! " Thus he said. 70|
Now, Ewiilt !ala was speaking loud on purpose that he might be
|
heard by those who were sitting in the great house; and he was
really heard by X'imsElilEla, for that was the wish of X'imsElilEla,
|
that Ewtilt !ala might say this while the Awik' !enox" were sitting ||
I
outside of the house of EwQltlala, and that the song-leaders might 75
learn the songs, and that they might know the ways of the dance.|
|
As soon as Ewilltlala had spoken, the song-leaders of the great
|
dancing-house began to beat fast time; and when the fast beating of
the song-leaders stopped, | then some one said, "I call you, || Hox- 80
hoxiilsEla, to come and dance." And when the speech of X'imsE-|
hlEla was at an end, then some one shouted, "Hoho !" And| X'imsE-
lilEla came, speaking as he walked and telling the spectators, "Now,
|
HoxhoxulsEla, who has been called by me, is coming." Then the song-
leaders sang. And now the song-leaders of the Awik' lenox" || heard 85
I
really the manner in which X'imsEhlEla called the forty names;
|
and when all the forty who had been called by X'imsEUlEla had
danced, then ALotEmdalag'ils sang his sacred song inside
| the|
sacred room of hemlock-branches; and then TslEx^ed, and his
|
wife Ts lEqala, recognized their son by his voice. || And the song- 90
LogwalaxEns dogille ^walas g'okwa le^weus la wuLEla. Wa, he-
^mesEn ^nenak'ile qa^s a^maos ^naxwa yaL!S,," ^nex'^lae. 70
Wa, la^me hasEla yaqlEntlale Ewiiltlala he^nomaEm qa^s ogwaqe
wuLEla ylsa kliidzela laxa ^walase g'okwa. Wa, ilaEm^lawise
w&LEla yls X'imsElilEla yixs hEs'maax naqa^ye X'imsElilEla qa
^nek'es Ewultlala LE^wa ^naxwa Awik' !enoxwaxs lae k!iits!ES laxa
Llasana^yas g'okwas Ewultlala LE^wa nenagadaxs lae q!aq!oL!axa 75
qlEmqlEmdEme qa gwalEla^mes ^wi^la qialax gwayi^alasas. Wa,
g'il^Em^lawise qlulbe waldEmas Ewultlalaxs laa^lase Lexdzode
nenagadasa ^walase ts'.agatsle g'okwa. Wa, la^lae qlwel^ededa
Lexdza^ya nenagade laa^lasa ^nek'a: "Le^lalEULol qastai Hox-
hoxulsEla qa^s g'axaos yix^wida." Wa, g'U^Em^lawise qlulbe 80
waldEmas X'imsElilEla laa^lasa hohoxwae Le^lalasE^was. Wa, g'ax-
^lae ^nek'Iale X'imsElilsla nenlfilaxa x'itslax'ila: "G'ax^Emg'in
Le^lalasE^we HoxhoxiilsEla." Wa, laEm^lawise dEnx^ededa nenagade.
Wa, laEm^lae alak'Iala q'.ulaatala wiiLEleda nenagadasa Awik'!eno-
xwax Le^lalaena^yas X'imsElilElaxa mosgEmg'ustawe LeLEgEm Le^la- 85
laso^s. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^wi^la yix^wideda mosgEmg'ustawe Le^la-
UEms X'imsElilEla, wa, la^lae yalaq'.Qg'a^le ALotEmdalag'ilse lax
ots'.awasa q'.waxsEme lE-me^lats!a. Wa, lawisLalae TslEx^ede
LE^wis ^EBEme TslEqala malt'.exsdEndxes xunokwe laxeq. Wa,
laEm^lae dsnx^ededa nena.gadasa mos^Eme q'.EmqiEmdEms Axo- 90
1208 KTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.s8
91 leaders sang the four songs of ALotEmdalag'ils; and when
| the last
song was at an end, X'lmsElilEla spoke, and said, "Now
| we have|
finished, friends. Now our great friend AL5tEnidalag'lls will
| be
caused to dance by his tribe to-morrow night!" Thus he said.
||
95 "Now I shall tell our great friend that you have been visited by
those who wish for magic power, and who wish for different
I
dances; and this |.our great Hamase^na goes to him who wishes for
a cannibal-song without whistles. His song is about the canni-
I
600 bal, and his head-mask is GtElogudzEwes, Hox"hogudzEwes, || and
I
Gwa^wayela^na; these three are lent by our friend Hamase^na to
)
our friend as head-masks for the hamdzEdzo^ (this is called by the
|
Kwag'ul hamshamtslEs). And he has four songs. The frog war-
|
dance comes from our friend Wuqagas, for when those who belong|
5 to you go to the house of our friend Wuqagas, she gives birth atII
once to four frogs, which go into the stomach of the woman, or
I
even of a man who has disappeared and gone to the house of the|
frog war-dancer. And at once whistles sound in| the stomach of
the frog war-dancer (this is ca;Iled by the Kwag'ul bad-inside- | war-
10 dance). And this our friend Qlaminagas, if she ||is visited by a
woman, or even by a man, who is loved', when they disappear,
|
then Q laminagas knows that they will be q laminagas dancers.
|
She calls them into her house, and gives them instructions what|
91 temdalag'llse. Wa, giPEm^lawise q!ulbeda alElxsda^ye dEnxElayos,
laase X'lmsElIlEla yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wa, la^mEns
gwala, ^ne^nEmok". La^m5x g"axi> ylxwamatso^LEns ^nEmox"dzex
laxiox AxotEmdalag'ilsax ganoLas lEnsLa ylsos g'okulotax," ^nex'^lae.
95 "Wa, la^mesEn nelalxEns ^nEmox"dzex vises g'ax^edaena^yos ^na^'ia-
walaklwaatsa ^nek'e qa^s layosases ogu^lilos liid laq. Wa, yu^maox
^nEmokwaq Ieusox Hamase^nS,, la^mo g"ax^atsa ^nek'e qa^s hSmdzE-
dzEwesE^vexa k" !eftse mEdzes. Wa, laEm hamats!ak'!ale qlEmdE-
mas. Wii, la hamsiwalax GElogudzEwese lo^ Hox"hogQdzEwese
600 1.5^ Gwa^wayela^na. Wa, yudukwox Lek'Ewasaxs HamasenS,
laxEns ^ne^uEmokwex qa hamsiwesa H&mdzEdzEwesE^we,
(ylx gwE^yasa Kwag'ule h&msh^mts!Esa). Wa, la mosgEme qlEm-
qlEmdEmas. Wii, yttEmxat! g'FLg'axaatsa olala wuqlEsa, ylxEus
^nEmokwex yixox Wuqagas, yixs g'iPmae g"axa g'ayole lax'da^xwoL
5 lax g'okwasEns nEmokwox Wiiqagasex, wa, \kx hex'^idaEm mayo-
Lfisasa mowe wiwQqagEs lax tEk"!asa tslEdaqe LE^wa wax'^Em bE-
gwanEm xis^ed qa^s wiiqlese olala. Wa, hex'^ida^mese xwaklwale
otslawas tEk' !asa wiiq'.ese olala. (HcEm gwE^yasa Kwag'ule ^yak" !es
tox'wid.) Wa, yu^mesEns ^nEmokwex yixox Q!aminagSsex, j^Ixs
10 g'axasaaxsa ts!Edaqe LE^wa wax'^Em bEgwanEm laElwinayaxs xis-
'edae, qa^s hex'^ida^maox Q!aminagSsex qIaLElaqexs q '.Eq laminagS-
SElaleLe. Wa, hex'^ida^mesox Le^llLaq laxes g'okwe qa^s la Lexs-
1 That means; a prince or a princess.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1209
to do when they are dancing; and when to call out 'Hai, hai,
|
hai!' and also when QlaminagSs takes off the 11 scalp of her head, 15
and just shows her skuU, not leaving a single hair| on; and how
she carries the scalp while she is dancing, with the blood running
|
down each side of her neck. This is what they obtain from our
J
friend here, that they may also pull off their scalps.
J ||
"And this, our friend here, l letsaplela^naga, whose seat is here 20|
under the fire here in the middle of my house"— thus said
| X'imsE-
lilfila— "those who disappear and go to her become
| nonltse^stalal.
And then l letsaplelanaga treats them so that they can sit
| on the fire
without being burned. No whistles belong to our || nonltse^stalal. 25|
"And also our friend MemEyoxwa'na, for those who
| disappear
and go to him become salmon-dancers. She also shows them how
|
to act in their dance. And these are different from the dancers of
my friend Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ; for all his dances have
I
whistles, and there are no whistles inII our dances." Thus said 30
X'lmsEhlEla to ALotEmdalag'ils.
I |
"Now your tribe shall come when day comes, and they shall take
care of you, for we have finished." Thus| said X'imsEliMa and
he disappeared with his friends.| ||
^alaq qa gweg'ilatsexs lae yixwa LE^wis babagulakulaena^ye hai 13
hai hai; wa, he^misexs lae Q!aminagase qudzEltsEmd q!ulex"s^Enix
LletsEma^yases x'omse. Wa, a^mes la ^naxwa la nelale.xaqas x'omsas 15
k"!eas la §,Lada ^nemts'.aq SE^ya ^xala. Wa, la^me dalaxa L!etsEma-
'yases x'omsaxs lae yixwa ^wamaxElaxa slkwa lax ewanolxawa^yas.
Wa, he^mis laLanEmse layfi,sEns ^nEmokwex laqexs lae ogwaqa
qusodEx L letsEma^yases x"omse.
"Wa, yu^mesEn ^nEmokwex, ytxox Lletsaplela^nagax, yuEmLal 20
alagilil laxox awabalisaxsox laqawalilaxsEn g"6kwa ^nEma," ^nex'-
^lae X'imsElilEla, "yixs g"axasaaxsa x'is^ede lax'da^xoL qa^s nonl-
tse^stalale. Wa, lox L'.etsaplela^nax pEspataq qa wax'^mes k'.wagi-
Lala laxa lEgwIle qa k" lease lEgiiles. Wa, laEm k"!e§,s mEdzetsa
nonltse^stalale g'ayol g"axEnu^x". 25
"Wa, yu^mesEns ^uEmokwex, yixox MemEyoxwa^nax, yixs g'axa-
saaxsa xis^ede lax'da^xoLxa hameyalaLe. Wa, laEmxaox q!aq!oL!a-
matses yixwalaena^ye laq. Wa, yuEm ogu^qala lax leladasEn ^ue-
mokwae Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^yaxa ^naxwa^ma mEdzedzades lelade.
Wa, la k' !eas mEdzetsEn nosaqEnu^x" lelade," ^nex'^lae X'lmsElilE- 30
lax ALotEmdalag'ilse.
"Wa, la^me g'axxEs g'okulotaos qo ^nax'^idLo qa^s aaxsilaLol
qaxg'anu^x" la^meq gwala," ^nex'^lae X'imsElilElaxs lae ^wPla xis^eda
LE^wis ^ne^uEmokwe.
1210 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu.anm.m
35 Behold! it was already getting daylight in the morning; and the
masks were left, and the cedar-bark rings mixed with white, of|
ALotEmdalag'ils. Then ALotEmdalagils was glad on account of the|
supernatural treasure that lie had obtained, for it was the first one|
of its kind, and of his death-bringing baton, for now he wished to |
try it on something. Then ho thought of his father and of his
40 mother; || and he wished to kill tliom, when they should come to see
him, on account of the way in which he had been treated by his|
father. He had always struck him, which was the reason of liis |
attempted suicide. Thus he thought while he was seated alone in
the great dancing-house. Now, we shall stop for a while talking|
about AjLotEmdalag'ils. ||
I
45 Now we shall talk about the Awlk" !enox", who never left the|
place where they were sitting outside of the house of their chief
EwOltlala; for they heard the speeches of X'imsElilEla when he|
said, "Now your tribe will come in the morning and will take care
I
of you, for we have finished," when X'imsElilEla said this. There-|
50 fore the hearts of the Awik' !enox" were really troubled, and theyII
did not sleep; and when it was near noon, they launched four|
I
large shovel-nose canoes. The men were standing in the canoes,|
and they went across to the great winter dancing- house. Now,|
55 the Awik" lenox" were singing the winter-dance songs; and they did||
35 LE^maa^axo;:. ^na^nakfllaxa gaala. Wil, la^me ^wi^la lowaLases
yaexumle LE^wa mElmaqEla LliiL'.EgEkulas ALotEmdalag'ilse. Wa,
laEm^lae ek'e naqa^yas ALotEmdalag'ilse qaes Logwa^yaxs hc^mae
ales^nEm hegwex'se LE^wis halayo tiEmyaya, yixs lE^mae ^nek' qa*8
giinx'Hdaasnokwes. Wa, hVlae g'ig'aex^edxes ompa LE'wis abEmpe.
40 LE'mae ^nex' qa^s lE^lamasda^xweq qo g'ill ddx^waLElaLEq qa
gweg'altlEqElasas ompaseq yLxs he^niEnala^mae k'lelak'aq lag'ilas
to^yag'c, ^nex'^lae nS,qa^yas laxes ^nEmogwIlae k!wael laxa ^walase
Islagatsle g'okwa. Wa, la^mEns gwal yawas^Id gwagwex's^ala lax
ALotEmdalag'ilse.
45 Wii, la^mesEn gwagwex'SEX'^idEl laxa Awik' lenoxwaxs hewiixae
bases k'lits'.Edzasa Llaaan^^yas g'okwases g-igima^ye EwOltlala, qaxs
'naxwa^raac wuLElax waldEmi^liilas X'imsElilEla loxs lae ^nck'a:
" Wii, la^me g'axLEs g'okQlotaos qo ^nax'^idLO qa^s aaxsileLol qax-
g'anu^x" la^mek' gwala," lae ^nek'e X'imsElilEla. Wa, he^mis ala-
50 k" !ala xwanElqalayos nenaqa^yasa Awik" lenoxwe. Wa, he^mis k' lesel
memxeqEle. Wa, g'il^Em'lawise k!way6lts!a ^nalaena^yasexs lae
wi^x"stEndxa mots'.aqe ftwa dedfilalasa. Wa, laEm^lawise LaLawo-
Icda bebEgwanEm laqexs lae lawii lax g'ogwusasa ^walase ts'.agatsle
g-6kwa. Wii, laEm^lae dEiixElasa tsliiqiala q'.EmdEma Awik'leno-
55 xwaxs lae k'!es yayanaxs lae lawilElaLalaxa ^willase tsliigatsle g'o-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1211
not go fast as they were crossing toward the great dancing-house, 56
|
the door of which was closed. Wlien the Awlk' !enox" landed at
|
the beach in front of the great dancing-house, then the door opened;
|
and all the men went ashore, and went into the great dancing-
|
house, and they sat down at the II right-hand side of the door. Then 60
nobody was seen in the house. After| the Awik' !enox" had been
sitting there long in vain, Chief Ewultlala spoke, and
| said, "O,
Awik" !enox" ! see what I have in my mind I I| wish to go to
the room of hemlock-branches, for that may be the sacred
|| 65
room of which we heard at night, for I have passed through the red
cedar-bark | four times." Thus he said. Then aU the Awik' !enox"
|
told him to go ahead. He went to the sacred room
| of hemlock-
branches, and went in. Then he discovered ALotEindalag'Us
| sit-
ting among the many masks, || and EwQlt !ala, who was standing 70
there, lost his courage at what he saw. | Then ALotEmdalag'ils
spoke, and said, "Come and sit down at my| right-hand side!"
Thus he said to his uncle. Then Ewultlala sat down; and ALotEm-
|
dalag'ils said, "Thank you for being the first to come into my
I
sacred room. Now, || get forty men and women to wear| the forty 75
masks this night. This dance is named aLaq !Em,
| the great dance
which I obtained as my treasure." Thus he said. Then Ewillt
| !ala
kwa lax LEneg"Ekwaes tlEX'lla. Wa, gil^Em^lawise lag'aliseda Awi- 56
k"!en6xwe lax Llsma^isasa ^walase ts!agats!e g'okwa laa^lase fixsto-
x^wide t'.EX'ilas. Wii, la^lae hox^wultaweda ^naxwa bebEgwanEm
qa's lii h5gwiLa laxa ^walase tsla^atsle g"okwa qa^s la klfls^alil laxa
helk" lotsalilasa t!Ex"Ila. Wa, laEm k'leas dogiilts bEgwanEmsa g'6- 60
kwe. Wa, laEm^lawise gael wtll^Em k!udzeleda Awik* lenoxwaxs laaEl
yaqlEg'a^leda g-Ig^ma^ye Ewultlala. Wa, la^lae ^nek"a: "WiiEntsos
doqwalaxg'a gwalaasg'asg"En naqEk', yoL g"6kQlot, AwIkMenox",
yixgin ^nok"ek" qsn lalag"I laeL laxa qlwaxsEme qo heEm lax lEme-
^lats'.esEns wtiLElax ganoLe qaxgin lax's3,wek' laxwa L'.agEkwex 65
mop'.Ena," ^nex"^lae. Wa, la^lae ^naxwa^ma AwIkMenoxwe fi,Em
^yalaqaq qa las. Wa, la^lae qas^ida qa^s la laxa Jlxelasasa q!wax-
SEme lE^mc^lats'.a. Wii, la^lae laeL laq. Wa, hex'^idaEm^awise
dox^waLElax AxotEmdillagils k'.wagellhiaxa qlenEme yaexumla.
Wa, aEm^lawise La^wile EwQlt'.ala tex^ides n^qa^yases dox^waLEle. 70
Wii, la^lae yaq'.Eg'a^le AL6tEmdillag"Ilsc. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Gela,
k!wag"alll liixg'In helk'!otagawalilEk%" ^nex'^laexes qlule^ye. Wii,
gil^Em^liiwise k!wag-alile EwOlt !filiixs lae ^nek"e ALotEmdiilagilsaq:
"Gelak'aslaxs so^mae g"ll g"axts!alil liixwa lEme^tslex. Wii, laEms
fix^edLEx mosgEmg'ustilLa bebEgwiinEml LE^wa ts'.edaqLa qa &xe- 75
malalxwa m6sgEmg"ust§,x yaexumlaxwa giinoLex. YuEm LegadES
aLaq '.Em yixEn Logwa^yex qEns ^walas leda," ^nex"^lae. Wii, la'lae
1212 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN.ae
78 asked him, "What do you think? Shall I call the three chiefs to|
come and listen to what we are talking about?" Thus he said.
80 Then AxotEmdalag'ils said, "Go ahead,|| that we may finish our
talk with them!" Then Ewultlala went out of the sacred room
I
of hemlock-branches, and stood in front of the sacred room;|
and spoke, and said, "Now take care, Awik' lenox", on account
|
of the great things seen by me! for these are new dances for us,|
85 who are the head winter-dancers || all around our world. Now,
come, chiefs of the Awik' !enox"—you, P!asElal— you, L!aqwa-|
g'ila— and you, PoLas." Thus he said. And immediately the|
three chiefs arose and went into the sacred room of hemlock-|
branches, and there they sat down at the right of AxotEmdalag'ils.|
90 And Ewult!ala spoke first, || and said, "O chiefs! now you have seen
the treasure that our son has obtained. We have all heard the|
speaking last night, which said that we shall sing for our son this
|
evening. Now our son must show us the places of the masks;
| |
95 and he will tell us how many || men must come in, and how many
women, to wear these masks." Thus he said.|
|
Then ALotEmdalag'ils spoke, and said, "This is what is needed,|
700 twenty-four strong young men, and sixteen strong young || women,|
and this boy is to be wise while wearing a mask, and this girl| is to
78 EwQltlala wtiLaq: "Wiilos naqa^yaq!os qEn Le^lalexa yudukwe
g'Tg'Egame^ qa g'axes hoLelaxEns waldsmex," ^nex"^lae. Wii, la^lae
80 ALotEmdalag"Ilse ^nek'a: "Wag"aqa gwaltse^sta^mesEns waidEniLa
LE^we." Wii, la^lae Ewult!iila lolts!alii laxa q!waxsEme lE^me^lats!e
qa^s LaxHllile lax Llasalilasa lE^me^lats!e. Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg'a^la.
"Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a yaLlax, Awik'!enox" awilagin dox^wa-
LElEk" yixs aleg'iLEns leledex yinsaxgins ts!aqetEma^yek' yisox
85 awe^staxsEns «nalax. Wii, gelag-a g-Ig-Egames AwIkMenox", yuL
P!asElal, yuL Llaqwag'U, so^mets P5Las," ^nex-^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm-
^liiwisa yudukwe g'lg-Egame^ q!wag'ilil qa^s le hogwiL laxa q!wax-
SEme lE^me^lats!a. Wii, heEm^liiwise k!us^'iillle helk" !otagawalIlas
ALotEmdalag'llse. Wii, heEm^lawise Ewultlala gil yiiqlEg-a^a. Wii,
90 lii^lae ^nek'a: "Wii, g'ig'Egame^, laEms dox^waLElaxox Logwa^yasEns
xiinokwex. Wii, lEns -'naxwaEm wiiLElax wiildEmasa y^!Ent!tilax
giinoLexa ^nek'axg-ins nogweLEk- qlEmtalxEns xunokwaxwa giino-
Lex. Wa, la^mesox §,EmLEns xunokwex nelaltsQx gwegwagawayaa-
sasa yaexumle. Wii, la^mesox nelal g"axEnsas ^waxaasLasa bebE-
95 gwanEmLa g'axts!aliL lo ^waxaasLasa ts!edaqLa qa iixEmiilalxwa
yaexumle," ^nex'^lae.
Wii, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le ALotEmdalag'ilse. Wa, hVlae ^nek'a: "Wii,
wa^mEns a,x^exstso^gwa ha^mok'alak' lel^k!wemas ealosta bebEgwa-
nEma. Wii, g'a^meseg"a q!EL!§,giig"Eyok" alostagas lelak!wemas
700 tsledaqa. Wii, g'a^mesa babagumexa n^qElilEla lax ylxumiila. Wii,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1213
be wise while wearing the mask." Thus he said. Then PlasKlal 2|
spoke, and said, "Come, chiefs! and let us go to our| tribe to get
the twenty-four strong young men to come and try the masks;
I ||
and let some one go across to get sixteen strong young women, | and 5
one boy and one girl." Thus he said.| |
Immediately the chiefs went out of | the sacred room, and they
sat down silently among the tribe. || Then Llaqwag'ila told them in a 10
whisper that he wanted twenty-four | strong young men and sixteen
strong young women, and also one boy and | one girl. Then they
I
sent four men to go to get the women and the two children from their| ||
houses in K* !etet. And when he stopped speaking, four men went 15
J
out and went aboard the canoe, and they crossed the river. And)
the twenty-four young men arose and followed the four chiefs, and
|
they went back into the sacred room of hemlock-branches and| sat
down there. Then || ALotEmdalag'ils told them, "This is the chief 20
of the masks, the mask of X'imsElilEla, which hes at the right-hand
|
side of the sacred room." And he stood in the| front of the room,
and he named the
| forty masks to his tribe. And they were put|
down in the sacred room as they were to stand when they were
g'a^mesa ts!ats!adagEmexa naqEliifila lax ylxumala," ^nex'^lae. Wa, 1
la%e PlasElale yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wa, gelag'a ^wFlax
g'ig'EgS,me qEns lalag'I laxg"ins g"6kul6tg"aEns qEns weg'i 2,x^edEx
ha^mok'ala lelak" ealosta qa g"axes mEnsasoxda yaexumlex. Wa,
he^mis qa lase lawile dax q'.EL'.agflg'Eyowa lelak" al6st§,gas tsledaqa 5
LE^wa ^nEmox"La babagumt LE^wa ^nEmox"La ts!ats!adagEml,"
'nex'^lae.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa g'ig'Egama^ye ^wFla g"ax hox^wults!4 laxa
lE^me^lats!e qa^s la Em^EmsgEmxs lae k!wagElIlaxes g'okiilote. Wa,
laEm^lawise Llaqwag'ila opalaxs lae nenlElaxs ax^exsdaax ha^mo- 10
k'ala lelak" alosta bebEgwanEma LE^wa qlEL'.agug'Eyowe ielak"
alost^gas tsledaqa. Wa, he^mesa ^nEmokwe babagiima LE^wa
nEmokwe ts!ats!adagEma. Wa, la^lae ^yalaqasa mokwe bebEgwa-
nEm qa les daxa tsledaqe LE^wa ma^lokwe g'Ing"lnanEm laxes
g"6kwe lax K"!etete. Wa, gil^Em^lawise qlwel^IdExs lae hoquwEl- 15
seda m5kwe bebEgwanEm qa^s la hogiixs laxa dslalase qa^s le
lawila laxa ^wa. Wa, la^lae asm q!wag"ilileda ha^mok'S.la ha^yal^a
qa^s le lasgEmexes mokwe g'lg'Egamexs lae xwelaqa iacL laxa
qlwaxsEme teme^latsla qa^s klus^allle ^wFla laq. Wa, hex'^idaEm-
^lawise ALotEmdalagilse nelaxs he^mae g'igamesa yaexumle, yix 20
yixumlas X'ImsElilElaxwa gwebalilex laxwa helk" !6doyalilasa lE^me-
^lats'.ex; wa, he^mesox La^wil laxg"a LlasadzelilEk". Wa, la^lae ^wFla
LeLEqElax LeLEgEmasa mosgEmg'ustawe yaexumla qaes g"okfll5te,
ylxs he^mae gwael laxa lE^me^lats!es gwagawa^yaasaxs lae Le^lalasos
.
1214 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
25 called by II X'imsElliEla. They were never misplaced; and the
Awik' !enox" were instructed also about MamayoLEmalaga, who|
gives birth | to a boy and a girl, and about the children who dance
immediately | after they are born.
|
30 As soon as he stopped speaking, the women came into || the great
dancing-house, and Llaqwag'Ua called them into the) sacred room
of hemlock-branches. Then they were told by Ewtiltlala to sit|
down outside of the masks which they were going to wear. Now the
|
men were sitting down on the outer side of the masks, and also the
|
35 two children in the same way with their masks. Then || AxotEm-
dalag'Ils spoke, and said ) to the man who was to wear the mask of
X'imsElilEla, "Don't be afraid, friend, to make a mistake! for you
|
will hear the | owner of these masks, who will come and advise you
I say this, because otherwise you might be frightened in vain."
| 1|
40 Now, it was late in the evening when the Awik' !enox" came|
across the river, and all went into the large dancing- house; and
|
when all were inside, the song-leaders the Awik' !enox" down| of sat
in the rear of the great dancing- | house; and when they were ready,
45 X'imsElilEla shouted "Hoho!" || and immediately the song-leaders
sang. Then X'imsElilEla came dancing out of the sacred room of|
hemlock-branches, carrying his rattle in one hand and at the end
; |
25 X'imsElilEla. Hewaxa layap'.Ela. Wa, heEm S.Em waxe LexsEX'^i-
dayasexa Awik'Ienoxwe ogMa lax MamayoLEmalagaxs lae mayo-
Lasa babagume LE^wa ts'.ats'.adagEme, yixs a^mae hex'^id ylx^wi-
deda g'ing'lnanEmaxs g'alae mayol^idayfi,.
Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlwei^IdEXs g'axaasa tsledaqe hogwiLa laxa
30 ^walase ts'.agalsle g'okwa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Llaqwag'da Lel-
ts'.alllaq laxa q'.waxsEme lEnie^latsla. Wa, la^me ^nex'so-s Ewfiltlala
qa^s he-me klus^alile L'.asalilases yaexflmeLe lax la gwaelatsa bebE-
gwanEme yixs he^mae la kludzele Llasalllasea yaextlmle LE^wa
ma^lokwe g'ing'inanEma; heEmxaa la gwaelxes yaexiimle. Wa,
35 la^lae edzaqwa, yaqlEg'a^le ALotEmdalag'llse. Wa, hVlae ^nek"a
laxa bEgwanEmexa laLe ylxumalax yixOmlas X'imsElilEla: "Gwala
nolax, qast, qaso LexLeqtilillaxo qaxs ^naxwa^meLaqos wiiLElaLEx
axnogwadasa yaexiimlex g'axL Lexs^alax'da^x"L6l. HedEu ^ne'^nak'il
aLas wul^Emlax kil^idES."
40 Wa, laEm^lae k'.wiig'ila dzaqwaxs g'axae /wi^la g"axa^wileda
Awik'!enoxwe laxa 'wa qa^s le ^wi^lacL hSgweL laxa ^walase ts!a-
gats!e g'okwa. Wa, gipEm^lawise ^wi^laeLExs lae ^wi^les nenaga-
dasa Awik'lenox" klus-alil laxa ogwiwalilasa ^walase ts!agats!e
g'okwa. Wa g'il^mese ^wi^la gwa^lila laase hohoxwe X'tmsElilEla.
45 Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa nenagade dEnx^eda. Wa, g'ax^iae X'imsE-
lilEla yIx^wfltts!alilEla laxa qlwaxsEmelE^me^latslii yatk" lolts lanaxes
yadEne. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise q!tllbe q!EmdEmas lae Lax^ulil lax
;
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1215
of his song he stood where X'imsElilEla had been standing, at the 48|
right-hand side of the house. He had not been standing there long,|
when he swung his rattle, and at the same time || the song-leaders 50
beat fast time. Then X'imsElIlEla danced with quick steps to the|
sacred room of henolock-branches. He stood there | in front of the
sacred room of hemlock-branches and said aloud, "I call you, friend|
HoxhoxulsEla, to come and dance." And as soon as X'imsElilEla had
|
ended his speech, then there was the cry || "Hoho !" inside the sacred 55
room of hemlock-branches; and X'imsElilEla told the men who were
|
sitting in the house, "Now he is coming, the one who has been called,
|
HoxhoxulsEla." And when hereached his place, the song-leaders sang,
|
and HoxhoxulsEla came dancing out of the sacred room of hemlock-|
branches; and they did the same to the others, || down to the last one. 60
He never made a mistake, as the forty masks of the spirits and Alo-1
tEmdalag'ils were dancing. Daylight came when they finished, and]
they danced for ALotEmdalag'ils for four nights with the forty| masks]
and after they had danced for him four times, ll ALotEmdalag'ils 65
began to feel sick at heart against his parents. The reason why|
ALotEmdalag'ils felt thus against his father and his mother was| that
his father Ts lEx^ed was angry with him; therefore he showed his great
treasure to the Awik' lenox" ; and therefore he did not show it to
[
the Nak !wax" da^x", who were living at Tegiixste that winter; and|
hemEnalaEm La^wHats X'imsElIlElaxa helk' !odoy41ilasa g'okwe. 48
Wa, k-!es%t!a gael La^welExs lae yat'.etses yadEne ^uEmax'^Id LE^wa
nenagadaxs lae Lexdzoda. Wa, hVlae XimsElilEla tsaxalaxs lae 50
lalaa laxa qlwaxsEme lE^me^latsIa. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise lag'aa lax
L'.asalllasa q'.waxsEme lE^me^lats'.a. Wa, la^lae Lax^ulil laqexs lae
hasEla ^nek'a : "Le^lalEULol, qastai HoxhoxulsEla qa^s gaxads ylx-
^wida." Wa, g'ipEm^lawise qlulbe waldEmas X"imsElilElaxs lae
hohoxwe ots!awasa q!waxsEme lE^me^latsla. Wa, g'ax^lae X'lmsE- 55
lilEla nenlElaxa k'.udziie bebEgwanEmxs g'ax^maes Le^lalasE^we
HoxhoxQlsEla. Wa, giPEnv'lawise lag-aa laxes La^wPlase laa^lase
dEnx^ededa nenagade. Wa, g'ax^lae yix^wults!§,lilEle HoxhoxulsEla
laxa qlwaxsEme lEme^latsIa. Wa, ax'siiEm^lawise la he gwe^naktila
labEndala. Hewaxa LexLequlilaxs lae ^wFla yix^wededa mosgEm- 60
g'ustawe yaexumltsa haS,yalilagase lo^ ALotEmdalag'ilse. Wa,
laEm^lawise ^na^nakiilaxa gaalaxs lae gwala. Wa, la^lae moplsn-
xwa^se ganoLas kwexElasE^we ALotEmdalag'ilse LE^wa mosgEm-
g'ustawe yaexumla. Wa, he^lat'.a la moplEna kwexElasoxs lae
ts'.E^nakOle nS,qa^yas ALotEmdalag'ilse qaes g'lg'aolnokwe. HceI 65
heg'Ilts gwex'^Ide naqa^yas ALotEmdalag'ilse qaes ompe LE^wis
abEmpaxs ts'.Enkwaalaes ompase Ts!Ex^edax hae nel-etses ^walase
Logwa^ya Awik' lenoxwe, walilaLa he g'ax nel^ededa Naklwax'da-
1216 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.sb
70 that was the reason why he was || angry. Now, many of the Awlk' !e-
nox" did not go home to their houses in K' !etet; and AxotEm-
|
dalag'ils heard them talking about his father Ts lEx^ed and his wife|
|
Ts lEqala, that they came paddling from K" !etet to the great house
|
75 of their child. Then AxotEmdalag'lls took his || death-bringing
baton, and stood in the door of the great house, waiting for his
|
father and his mother to come ashore in front of| his house; and
Llaqwag'ila and P5Las stood by his side. Then ALotEmdalag'ils
|
spoke, and said, "Now I shall take revenge for the ill will of my
|
80 father and of my mother." || Thus he said, and he struck the death-
bringing baton toward them. Immediately they became stone-
I
Then he was feared by the Awik' !enox", and nobody dared to go
| |
near the great house of AtotEmdalag'ils; and he was living
|
alone.
||
85 The Awik' !enox" had not yet discovered that ALotEmdalag'ils was
a great shaman, although they always heard him singing the
|
I
sacred shaman-songs. Suddenly Chief Llaqwag'ila of the Awik'
| !e-
nox" became sick. He was about to die that evening. Then one
|
90 of the men spoke, || and said, " Don't give him up too soon ! Send four|
noblemen to call AxotEmdalag ils to come and cure my chief, for I
|
^xwaxs g'okulae lax Tegiixsta^yaxa ts'.^wttnxe. Wa, he^mis tslE-
70 nEms naqa^yas. Wa, laEm^lawise q'.enEma AwIkMenoxwe kMes^la
na'^nak" laxes g'okwe lax KMetete. Wa, la^lae wiiLEla^lae ALotEm-
dalagilsaxa gwagwex's'ala lax ompase TslEx^ede LE^wis gsnEme
TslEqalaxs sio^nakulae g'ax"'rd lax K'letete g'ag'axa laxa ^walase
g'ox"ses xunokwe. Wa, la^lae ALotEmdalagilse dax'^idxes hSla-
75 yowe t'.Emyayo qa^s le Lax"stalas lax tiEX'ilases ^walase g'5kwa
doqwalaxes ompe LE=wis abEmpaxs g'axae ex"ag"alisa lax l!e-
ma^isas g'okwas. Wa, la^lae Llaqwag'ila l6^ PoLase qlwamelEq.
Wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le ALotEnidalag'ilse. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"LaEmk" qwesbalg'as ^yax'SEm n^qesEn ompe LEwfln &bEmpe
SO g'axEn," ^nex'^laexs lae qwaqwexamEnqases halayuwe t'.Emyayo
laq. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise tlaqEmg'alis t'.esEraa. Wa, la^me-
kiHdayosa Awik"!enoxwe laxeq. K'!eats!EEm^El la nala g'ax
^nExwabalax ^walase g"ox"s AL5tEmdalag'llse ylses g'okulota Awi-
k" lenoxwe ylxs S,^mae la ^nEmogwila.
85 Wa, k"!es^Em^lae qlol^aLEleda Awik" '.enoxwax ALOtEmdalag'il-
saxs ^walasae pEx^la yixs wax"^maaEl qlunala wAleIexs yalaq!walae
ylses yeyalax"LEne laxes pExSlaena^ye. Wa, la^lae ylx'qEno tslEX"-
qlEX'^ide g-igftma^yasa AwIkMEnoxwe L'.aqwag'ila. Wa, laEm^lawise
wawik"!Eq!axa la dzaqwa laa^ase yaqlEg'a^leda ^nsmokwe bEgwauE-
90 ma. Wa, la^lae^nek'a: "GwaldzasxEnLEl^yala. ^yalaqadzog'ats mo-
kwa nenaxsala bebEgwanEm qa les hayalek' !ax ALotEmdalag'Ilsa qa
g'axese helex'^idxEn g'ig&ma^yex qaxg'in wQLEla^meg'aqexs yalaqE-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTOBIES 1217
have heard him singing sacred shaman-songs. Evidently he has 93
|
obtained this also as a treasure." Tlius he said. Immediately they
)
sent four noblemen || to call ALotEmdalag'ils into the house. They 95
went; and when the four noblemen entered his liouse, ALotEm-
| |
dalag'ils was the first to speak. He said, "Wait for me to get
|
ready, for I know why you come to call me. It is because Chief
|
L lacjwag'ila is sick." Thus he said. Then the four noblemen were 800|| |
startled on account of this. ALotEmdalag'ils went aboard; and
|
he wore a neck-ring of red plaited cedar-bark, and also a head-ring
|
not mixed with white; and when he went into the house of
|
Llaqwag'ila, he saw the Awlk' !enox", who were all inside with their 5
j|
women; and as soon as ALotEmdalag'ils entered the house, the
|
whole crowd of people beat fast time, all the men and women.
|
Therefore his body was like nilmb; and he just sat down inside
|
the door, and sang his sacred sliaman-song. And || he came in 10
I
squatting, going toward Llaqwag'ila, who was lying down on a
|
new mat in the middle of the rear of the house. And when ALotEm-
|
dtllag'ils came up to l laqwag'ila, he | at once took hold of the sickness.
He took it out and threw it away, and at once L laqwag'ila was well.
| II
Now, ALotEmdalag'ils was paid two slaves; and he was also given 15
|
the princess of Llaqwag'ila, Alag'imll, to be the wife of ALotEm-
laasa pExk'Iala yalax"LEna qaxs Logwala^maaxEntsex," ^nex'^lae. 93
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^yrdagEmeda mokwe nenaxsala bebEgwanEm
qa^s le hayillek'!ax ALotEmdalag'ilse laxes g'okwe. Wii, lax'da^x"- 95
^lae. Wa, g'IPEm-lawise hogwiLeda mokwe nenaxsala bebEgwanEm
lax g'okwas laa^lase he g'il yaqlsg'a^le ALotEmdalag'ilse. Wii, la^lae
^nek'a: "Wag'a aEm esElax qEn xwanaHde qaxgln q'.aLEla^meg'a-
xes g'iixelaos hayalek" !a g'axEu qaEns g'igama^yae L'.aqwagilaxs
tslEx'qIaa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, gwalElaEm^lawise xEnyas^ideda mokwe 800
nenaxsdla bebEgwanEmas laxeq. Wa, g'ax^lae laxse AiotEmda-
lagilsaq. Wii, ia^me qlalEnakwe qEnxawa^yas LliigEkwa; wii,
qEx'EmalaEm^laxaawiseda LlagEkwe; k"!eas mElmages. Wii, g'il-
^Em^liiwise laex liix g'okwas L!iiqwag'ila lae dox^waLElaxa Awik'le-
noxwaxs lae ^wI^hieLEla LE^wes tsledaqe. Wii, g'ilg'el^ma'lase laexe 5
ALotEmdiilag'ilse laxa g'okwaxs ladzek'asae ^nEmax'i Lexdzodeda
^niixwa bebEgwiinEm LE^wis tsledaqe, lag'iliilas hex'^idaEm^El he
gwex'sa lE^lEmgit !eda. Wii, iiEm'lfiwise kiwiig'alll lax awiLEliisa
tiEX'iliixs lae yiilaqwases yalax"LEne laxes pEx^ena^ye. Wii, hcEm-
^liiwise g'iig'ililExs lae k!wa^nakula giiyoIilEla lax Lliiqwag'iliixs 10
qElgudzalilaaxa Eldzowe le^wa^ya liix uEciewalilases g'okwe. Wii,
g'll^Em^liiwise liig'aaLEla ALotEmdiilag ilse lax L'.aqwag'ila lae aEm
hex'^idaEm iiEm dasgsmdEx ts'.ExqIolEmas qa^s dawodeqexs laaEl
mEx^edEs. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lilwise ex'-Ide Lliiqwag'ila. Wa, la^me
ayasE^we ALotEmdiilag ilsasa ma^lokwe q!ii(i!Ek'o\va. Wii, he^mise 15
k'!edelas L'.Jiqwag'ile Aliig'imile qa gEUEms ALotEmdiilag'ilse. Wii,
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 28
1218 ETHKOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Iktii. ann. 36
17 dalag'ils. And when the speaker of Llaqwag'ila ciuled his speech,
|
then ALotEmdahigils spoke, and said, "Thank you, () tribe! that
j |
20 you were ready to beat fast time when I entered this house of our||
chief. You have done well with this. You and our women here|
shall do this when you continue to call me to practice. I am really a
great shaman. Now, let me express thanks for the words of my
|
chief, L!aci[wag'ila, for the two slaves, and for my wife Alag'imll. —
| |
25 Take care, Alag'imll, and don't let your mind become bad! || for I
can not lie with you for four years—thus said the supernatural|
power to me—else misfortune would happen to us. Now, none of
you shall dare to woo my wife, tribe ! And for four winters] |
you shall dance my great dance aLaq!Eni; and after the four|
30 winters, 1 shall burn the forty masks, and they will go home to theirII
owners." Thus he said. After he had ended his speech, he was|
taken, with his wife Alag'imil and the two slaves, to his great|
dancing-house by four noblemen; and when ALotEmdalag'ils
| |
35 went into his house, he asked his wife, Alag'imi}, to || sleep at the
right-hand side of the door of the house; and he wanted the room|
of the two slaves to be on the left-hand side of the door of the house.|
ALotEmdalag'ils was always asked to go and cure the sick among
|
the Awik' ienox", and they paid him nuich for it: therefore hej
17 g-U^Em^lawis qlulbe waldsmasa Elkwas Llaqwag'ilaxs laa^lase yaqlE-
g'a^le ALotEmdalag'ilse. Wii, laHae ^nek'a: "Gelak'as% g'okvilot-
yixs gwalilaaqos rja^s Lexdzodaos g'alegin g'axeLa lax5x g'okwax-
20 sEns g'Igama^}'ex. Wii, laEms helaxa laxeq. HeEuiLEs gwegilaL
LE^wuns ts!edaciex qaso hanaL ha-yalek" !fli g'axEn. Ala^mEn ^walas
pE^ ala. Wii, la^mesEu molas wahlEmasEns g'lgama^j'ox L!a(|wag-i-
lax.. nu lokwe q!aq!Ek'owa. Wii, yu^mesEn gEUEmaxox Alag'iml-
lex. Weg'a, aEm yaL!aLEx, Alag'imll, qa^s k"!esaos ^yak'amasxes
25 n^cja^yos qaxgiiis mox-'wiinxeleLEk' k' !es kidx'kidknl, ^nek'eda ^na-
walakwe g'axEn, aLEus a^melanox"lax. Wa, laEms k' leas nalal qa^s
g'ayalaos laxgin gEUEmk', g'okiilot laxeq. Wa, he^mesa mox^tin-
xelaLEs kwexElal g'axEn laxEn ^walase lededa aLaq!Em. Wii, g'il-
^Emlwise gwilLa mox^ilnxe, wa, IjIleu lEcpvelax'-idElxa mos-
30 gEmg-ustawe yax"LEna qa liis na^nak" lax exnogwadas," ^nex'^ae.
Wii, g'iPmese qlfdbe wiildEnias lae taodayo LE^wis gEiiEme Aliigi-
mile LE^wa ma^lokwc qliiqlEkowa Itixes ^wtllase ts!iigats!e g'okwa
yisa mokwe nenaxsiila bebEgwfuiEma. Wa, g'll^Em^lawise laeL laxes
g'okM^e ALotEmdalagilse lae axk'!rdaxes gEiiEme Alag'imlle qa hiis
35 kQ-lila helk' lotstidllas t lEX'iliises g'okwe. Wii, he-'lat!a gwE^yos
qa kMe^latsa ma^lokwe qlaqlEk'owa gEmxotstalilas tlExiliises
g'okwe. Wii, heniEufdaEm^lawise g'ax ha^yalek'!asE^we ALotEm-
dalag'ilse qa^s le helik'axa ts!ets!EX'q!iisa Awik-!enoxwe. Wii, la^lae
(|!eq!Enr,me avaq, lag'ilas hijniEnala pJEsaxes g'okfilote. Wii, la^me
"
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1219
always gave away property to his tribe. And II he danced four times 40
each winter, each time four nights, with his masks; and after four)|
winters, after they had danced for three nights, and when the
|
Awik" !enox" went in the fourth night, then ALotEmdahig'ils and
|
his forty masks danced; || and after they had done so, when it was 45
nearly daylight, ALotEindalag ils came out of his sacred room of
|
hemlock-branches. He spoke, and said, "Now, song-leaders,
| beat
time fast for a long time, so that I maj' put into the fire my masks !
|
Thus he said. Then the song-leaders beat fast time; and immedi-
|
ately the men and the women and || the two children came out, each ,50
wearing his or her mask, and they put them on the fire in the middle
|
of the great dancing-house. And when they were all on the fire,
|
they took down the hemlock of the sacred room, and put it on the
|
fire in the middle of the house; and when everything was burned
up, the fire went out, which had never gone out in the middle of
I
the great dancing- || house during the four winters. And as soon as 55
the fire in the middle of the house had gone out, and when dajdight
|
appeared in the morning, ALotEindalag' ils and his wife
| Alag'imit,
came together and he always lay down with her.
|
That is why the Awik" !enox" always burn up the forty
1 masks
after they have used them four times for || four winters. And when 60
they finish the last dance the last night, they put them on the fire
|
q'.walxoEm moplEiia ylxwaxa ^nEmx^Enxe ts'.awunxaxa m5xsa 40
gagEiioLa ^wi^la ylxwes yaexiimle. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise mox^iinxe
tslawiinxas lae yudux^p lEnxwa^sa ganoLe yixwax'dEins. Wa, la^lae
gaacLa Awik' !euoxwaxa ganoLasa in6x"sote ganoLa. Wa, la^lae
^wi^la yix^wlde AxotEmdalag'tlse LE^wis mosgEmg'ustawe yaexfimla;
wa, g'il^Em^hiwise gwalaxa la Elacj ^nax'^ida, g'axaas laltslalile Alo- 45
tEmdalag'Use laxa cjIwaxsEine lE^ine^lats!a. Wii, la^lae yacilEg'a^la.
Wa, la%e ^nek'a: "Weg'a Lexdzodsx nensigadas g'ildesa qa lax'-
Lalalag'Isg'in yax''LEnk'," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae Lexdzodeda nena-
gade. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawisa bebEgwanEme LE^wa ts!edaqe LE^wa
ma^l5kwe g'lng'JnanEm g'ax q '.walxo^nakulaxes exEmex'de yixuml 50
qa^s axLales laxa lacjawalilasa ^walase tsliigafs'.e g'okwa. Wa, g"il-
^Ein^lawise ^wIlx'Lalaxs lae ax^alilaxa q!waxsEme }E^me^lats!e cja^s
axLEiides laxa laqawalile. Wii, g'll^Em^Iawise ^wFla qlulx'^idExs lae
k'!ilx^ededa k'lesde k'lilx^enox" laciawallltsa ^walase ts!agats!e
g"6.\"xa moxnlnxe tslawiinxa. Wii, g'ipEm-'lawise k- lilx^'ededa laqa- 55
walilaxs lae -'nax'^idaxa gaala. Wa, la q!ap!eg'allle AL5tEmdala-
g'ilse LE^wis gEUEme Alag'imlle, lawisi.a kfdxkillk'a le^wc.
Wil, he^mis lagilasa Awlk' !enoxwe heniEuala lEciwelax'-idxa mos-
gEmg'ustawe yaexiimlExs lae mox^unxes tsIawOnxe maemop'.Ena
yixyE-xwaxa ^nEmx^Enxe tslawiinxa. Wa, g'ih'mese gwal yix-'wida 60
ElxLa^ye ganoLS,xs lae ^wl^la lEx'LEnts la.xa lac^awalilasa ts!agats!e
1220 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. 35
62 in the, initklle of the (liincing- house. The ones who used them put
|
them on the fire. Tlierei'ore tlie white people can not get them.
|
That is the end of this.
|
I forgot this. The many spectators who were sitting on the floor ||
65 of the great dancing-house, to whom XimsElilEla told that those|
who were called were coming—these people sitting on the floor of the
great winter {hmcing-liouse were the souls of tlie trees and hushes,
| |
and the souls of aU the birds and of the small cree])ing animals, for|
70 they are all human beings. || Thus said ALotEmdalag'ils, according to
what he had seen in the woods. ALdtEmdalag'ils was his name in|
the dance aLacjiEm, and his shaman-name was Gilg'ildokwila, and|
his secular name was Gwaexsdaas.|
|
75 I will give one stanza of the song of ALotEmdalag'ils |j in his great
dance:
|
"Oh, I have been led farther al(uig into the woods by tiie magic
power, ai haia a hau 3'axaye yaxaye a ahau j-axaye, to the
I
])lace where the magic power walks about."|
)
And this is tlie sacred song which he sings before he dances, and
80 after || finishing dancing. There are no words in this song. |
" Wa yaxa xa xa xa xa ^wip ^wip !"^wijj
" Wa yaxa xa xa xa xa ^wip ^wip ^wip !"
Now, I think you know all the ways of the great winter dance.
|
02 gokwa. Wa, lii heEm laxxalas laxa lEgwile axamalax'daq. Wa,
he^mis k'lEyaselts gwE^yoLats mamalaq. Wa, ladzek'as^Em laba.
HedEn rJElewisE^vva q!enEme'x'Its!ax ilaxa kludzele bebEgwiinEm
65 laxa ^willase ts'.iigatsle gokwa, yix la nenlElaso^s X'imx'ElilElaxs
g"ax^maes Le^lalasE^we, yuEm^El kludzel bebEgwauEm laxa ^walase
ts'.agats!e g'okwox bEx^una^yaxsa ^naxwax ogucjala Lax'Lasa LE^wa
^naxwax cj'.Esci'.uxEla LEwa -naxwa bEx^iinesa 'naxwax ts!elts!Ek!wa
LE^wa 6gu^c(alax Em^Eme g ilsg ilg'itsa qaxs ^naxwa^maaxEl bebE-
70 gwanEma, ^nex'^lae ALotEmdalagilsexes dogiile laxa axle. HeEm
LegEmse aLotEmdalag"ilse laxa aLaqlEm. Wii, he^mis LegEm laxes
pKx^ena^ye Gilg'ildokwila. Wii, he=mis LegEms laxa baxuse Gwa-
exsclaase.
Wii, IfiLEn ^uEmk' lEULxa ^uEmsgEine laxa cjlEmdEmas ALdtEm-
75 dalagilse liixes ^walase leda:
" Ha, lax'dEnohogwa tayox"weda lag'IlsdzEms ^na^nEwalax"d(3xg"a
ai haia a hau yaxaye yaxaye a ahau yaxaye lax to.x"dEma la-
S'llsdes ^na^nEwalak"."
Wii, g'a^nies 3'iilac(idayos yLxs k' !es-'mae ylx'wida loxs lae gwal
^0 yixwa, yixs k'leasae qayats.
" Wa yaxa xa xa xa xa ^wip ^wip ^wip.
" Wa yaxa xa xa xa xa 'wip ^wi]) ^wip."
Wii, lax"t!aax"^Em ^wI'Iolex gwayi'liilasasa ^willase ts'.etsIexLEna.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1221
ICWEXAG'ILA
I have not quite found out about Kwexag'ila and from whom he 1
escaped, for you said that he escaped from Q!aneqe^lak". The son
|
of TslEx^ed, the story-teller of the Newettee, YaqoLas, said that
I |
Kwexag'ila ran away when LlaiJaxwas— || that is, T!esEmg'ite— 5
came back when he had gone to Feather-Mountain, the place where
|
he went to get feathers. At that time Kwexag'ila was paddling
|
along the place Ogumla. He came from his fort at the east end of
|
Ogiimla ; and when he came to the end of Ogumla, he heard the
|
dzonoq !wa-cry "Oh!" at the place GwagEmlis. || The sound "Oh!" 10
came nearer, and Kwexag'ila remained on the water in his self-pad-
|
dhng canoe. He was scared, and he did not stay there long, when he
|
saw fii-st much eagle-down coming. Then he saw l !aL !axwas, who
| |
stood in the middle of his self-paddling canoe, shouting "Oh!" |1 He 15
was covered with eagle-down, and from the back of his head rose
|
feathers. His face was blackened. Then Kwexag'ila knew that
|
it was L!aL!axwas. When L!aL!axwas caught sight of Kwexag'ila,
|
he shouted "Oh!" and went towards him. Then Kwexag'ila went
|
ashore at the foot of ^niElayosEm. || Then Kwexag'ila wished that 20
L!aL!axwas might know I that he was not a common man. Wlien
Kwexag'ila
He^mEn k'!es^Em ala q!a3tasE^we Kwexag'ila, ylx heltsayas, yixs 1
^nek'aaqosaq he heltsayose Q!anec|e'lakwe. Wii, la ^nek'e xiinokwas
Ts!Ex^edexa nE-'welenoxwasa L!aL!asiqwala, yix YaqoLase, yixs
hae heltsayos Kwexag'i'lakwe, yixs g'axae na-nakwe L!aL!axwasde
yix T!esEmg'ite, yixs lilx'de laxes lax-lag'as ts!ats!Elk'!a laxa 5
awinagwisa LegadEs TslElkimbe^. Wii, laEm^hiwise Kwexag'ila
sex^wiL!ala lax axas Ogumla, g'ax^ed laxes xusEla lax ^nElba^yas
Ogumla. Wii, g'lpEm^lawise liig'aa liix gwiiba^yas Ogiimliixs lae
wuLax^aLElaxa dzonoq !wa oooxwala lilx aXcls GwiigEmlise. Wii,
la-lae ^nExu^nakiileda oooxwahi. Wii, lii^lae Kwexag'ila asm la 10
hanwillases sesExwiiqe xwak!uiia. LaEin^lae k'ek'aleciElas. Wii,
k'!es^lat!a giiia hiinwiilaxs lae cIox^waLElaxa q!enEme qEinxwa g'iix
g'iilag'iwes. Wii, laEm^lae doxwaLEla^lae Kwexag'ihi lax iJ.iiiJ.a-
xwasde, yixs Liiwoyayaaxes sesExwiiqe xwiik!una oooxwala. Wii,
laEm^lae aEui ^niEgiis qEinxwe L!aL!axwasde. Wa, hVlae Laap!a- 15
leda ts!Elts!Elk'e laxes ts!ots!ElEmakwae. Wii, lii-lae qlslla^me
Kwexag'ilaqexs lie^mae L!iiL!axwasde. Wii, g'ipEm'lawise dox^wa-
LEle L!aL!axwasdiix Kwexag'iliixs lae oooxwa qa^s gwextox^wlde.
Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise Kwexag'ila ilLe/sta liix ox"sidza^yas ^niElayo-
sEme. Wii, laEm'lae Kwexag'ila -nex' cja q!al^aLEles L!iiL!a.\wasdii- 20
qexs k'!esae aomse bEgwauE-mena^yas. Wa, g'il^Eui-lawise la-
1222 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lurii. ann. 35
22 ho arrived at the rocks at tlie foot of ^mElayosEin, he went ashore
I
out of his self-pa(hlliiig canoe. He folded up his self-paddling
|
canoe,
J squeezed it in his hands, and went into the rock at tlie foot
25 of ^mElayosEm; || and he came out at the top, and, standing on the
top of the rock, he laughed at L'.aiJaxwas while he was standing
|
on the rock. The self-paililUng canoe of l !aL !axwas came nearer,
|
and Kwexag'ila went to his fort at the east end of Ogfiinla.
I |
30 That is the end. Kwexag'ila helongs to the numaym || Lalawihda
of the L !aL !asiqwala.
|
BAX"BAKWAT.ANUX"SiWE^
1 The SomxolidEx" were living at a place caUed Srnuxoi, and their
|
chief was P !asElal. They were always happy, hecause their nuni])er
|
was great. And they used only the LEWElaxa ceremonial; theyliad
|
5 no winter ceremonial. Suddenly those who went inland from
II |
their houses disappeared : and it was not long before the daughter of
|
NEnwaqawa, a maturing girl, was taken away. Now, Chief P liisElal
|
was the last one of his tribe; therefore Chief PlasElal walked, not
|
10 being afraid of anything, H being a warrior; and his name as warrior
was Yagis. He carried his bone-edged club to kill what was taking
|
away his people. He never came home, even when night came,
|
and therefore the three "sons of NEnwaqawa said they would go
j |
22 gaala lax ox"sidza^yas ^mElayosEmaxs lae latta laxes sesExwaqe
xwak!iina. Wit, hVlae kloxsEmdxes sesExwiiqe xwak!una. Wa,
tiEm^lawise la qlwetsEmeqexs lae labEta laxa 6.x"sidza-yas -niElayo-
25 sEme. Wii, la^lae nel-Id liixa ogwaxta^yas. Wii, aEnriawise la
dasdalas iJaLlaxwasdaxs lae Lanva laxa ck'le. Wii, g'ax'lne aEm
sex'wide sesEXwiicje xwak!unas iJ.iiLlaxwas le. Wii, g"iix-lae Kwe-
xag'ila qas^ida ogwaqa qa's lii Laxes xiisEla lax '"nElba^yas Ogiunla.
Wii, laEm liiba hlxeq, yixs he-mae g ilg'alltsa -iiEMnemotasa Lala-
30 wilEla, yix Kwexag'ila visa LlaL'.asiciwiila.
BAX"BAKWALANUX"SiWE^
1 He^maa-laxs g'okiilae g'illiisa SomxolidExwe Laxa awlnagwise Le-
gadEs Somxol. Wii, Lvlae g'lgailEs P!iisElale. Wii, hi'lac JicmEua-
laEm ek' !ec[Ela cjaes ^waxaasaxs cj!enEmae lelqwTdai.a-ya, yixs lie-
^maol ales lex'aEm ts!aq!enesexa LEWElaxa yixs k' !es-mae laLxa
5 ts'.ets'.eqa. Wii, LVlae odax'-IdExs lae x'I^nakille(hi wax'e la lax
aLana-yases g'ig'okwe. Wii, k'!es-iat!a giitaxs lae hiLauEme ts!E-
daqe xun6x"s NEuwaqawa^yexa k'lEyiila laEmLal exEnt lenoxwa.
Wii, hiEm-lae ElxLa^ya g'lgania've P!iisElalases g'okulotdii, yixs he-
^mae Llg'ilas qas'ideda g'Igama-ye P!iisElalaxs k' leasae kih-nnxs
10 babak'.wae, yixs Legadaas Yag'ise laxes babaklwaena^ye. Wii,
laEm^lae (Lllaxes xaxxii kwexayo qa^s kwex-idayox yaliix g'okiilot-
das. Wii, hewiixa-lat !a g'ax iiii'nax"xa la gtlnol-ida. Wii, iie=mis
lag'ilas yudukwe bebEgwanEui sasEms NEuwaqawa^ye^ nex' (pi-s
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1223
to find their chief P!asEla} on the next morning; for || NEnwaqawa 15
his wife, and his three sons, were the only ones who were still alive.
|
In vain NEnwaqawa advised his three children not to go. They
|
oixly disobeyed him, and said, "We shall go when day comes."
I
They sharpened their arrows, and repaired their bow-strings; and
|
when day came in the morning, the three brothers started. The 20
II |
eldest one, Powedzid, was their leader. He was followed by
Aek' !oqa; and the last was Wak'as, after his elder brothers. They
| |
kept their bows ready, and they found the tracks of P lasElal, which
|
they followed on a good trail. They went || a long ways into the 25
woods, and saw a woman sitting on the ground on the right-hand side
of the trail. She was an elderly woman. The three brothers
|
I
were called by the woman; and the youngest one, Wak'as, made a
|
request of his elder brothers, "Let us go to her, and let us listen to
|
what she may say to us!" Thus he said. || The elder brothers were 30
not willing to go, because they were walking fast, trying to discover
the one whose footprints they were following. Thus said the elder
|
brothers. Wak' as said to his elder brothers, " Don' t say that ! for we
|
do not know what the M^oman wishes to say, whether it is good or bad.
|
Let us go and listen to her!" Thus he said. Then they went to the
|
place where she was sitting on the ground; and the woman spoke, ||
lalag'Il aliixes g'igama^ye P!asElaIe cjo ^nax"^IdElxa lEnse qaxs he-
'mae la ^waxa ci!ule NEnwacjawa'ye LE^wis gEuEme LE'wis yudukwe 15
bebEgwauEm sasEma. Wa, wax'^Em^awise NEnwaqawa^ye ts'.El-
gwa^'lxes yudukwe sasEm qa kMeses lax'da^xwa. Wa, aEm-'lawise
liatlEla ^nex'da^xuxs laLe qo ^nax'^idi.6. Wa, hiEm^lae helbaxes
liaanaLlEme lo' lEklwedzEmses lelEk!wise. Wa, g'ipEra^lawise
-nax'^idxa gaalilxs lae qas-itletla yudukwe ^uE^mema. LaEm'lae 20
g'alaba-ya ^nolastlEgEma-'ye Powedzide. Wii, la^lae makile Aek"!o-
qaxes ^nola. Wil, la^lae ElxLa^ye Wak'ase yises ^no^nEla. Wii,
laEm^lae heniEnala gwalalases lelEk!wise. Wa, laEm^ae q!ax qaqEs-
motas P!asElale uEgEltEwexa ek'aEl tiEX'ila. Wii, laEm^lawise
aLEg'Ilaxs liiaEl doxHvaLElaxa tslEdiiqe kiwiis liix helkMotsiVyasa 25
t!EX'ila; (j!ulyakwa ts!Ediiqe. Wii, hl^lae Le^liilasE-weda yudukwe
^nE^memasa ts!Edilqe. Wii, liex'^idaEm^lawise amayinxa^ye Wii-
k'ase iixk' lillaxes ^no^uEla; -nek'a laxes 'no-iiEla: "Widzaxins liiq
qEns hoLelex wiildEmexsdas g"iixEns," ^nex'^lae. Wa, lii^lae q'.Emse
^no-nEliis la liiq qaes yiiya^naena-ye qiisa hayalts!axLaax qaqEsmo- 30
dadiisa qaqEsmote; ^nex%e ^noMiEliis. "'ya," ^nex'^'latla Wak'a-
saxes ''n(VnEla, ''gwala^nex'^da^xoL qIaLElaEnsax wawaldEmiisa tslE-
diiqe Lo^ eke l(¥ ^yax'sEme. Ex'^mesEns liix liihoLelaq," Miex-lae.
Wii, liixda'x"-lae gwa^sta lax k!wadzasas. Wii, hVlae yiiq'.Eg'a^eda
1224 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
35 and said, "^^Hiere are yoii going, children?" Thus she said. Imme-
|
diately the youngest one, Wak'as, replied, and said, "We are going
|
goat-hunting." The three hrothers were afraid that she might he
|
the wife of the one who had killed their tribesmen therefore Wak' as
; |
40 said they were going goat-himting. Then the woman spoke, 1| and
said, "Just take care, children, on account of what is killing your
|
tribesmen! I shall advise you, children. Don't go towards the
|
house with the smoke looking like blood, that looks like the rain-
|
bow, for it is bad. It is the house of Oannilial-at-North-End-of-
|
4.5 World. And do not go to the house with the smoke of black || color,
for it is the house of Grizzly-Bear. If you go, you will be hurt by
|
liim. Go to the house with the smoke of white color, for that is the
smoke of the house of Mountain-Goat. Now, I shall give you this,"
|
said the woman, holding a comb, "and this stone, and tliis piece of
|
50 cedar-wood ; and also tliis last one, this hair-oil. If you || make a|
mistake, and go by mistake into the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-
of-World, then go out of the house again, and run home quickly
I |
to your house. And when Cannibal-at-N(u-th-End-of-Worl(l pur-
sues you and nearly overtakes you, then throw down the comb
|
I
55 behind you, and it will turn into tangled bushes between yourselvesll
and Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, and he will be far behind you.
|
Aud when he again comes near 3'ou, throw down the stone between
|
35 tslEdaqe. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "^wlLas lii sasEm?" Miex'%e. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawisa amaytnxa-yexa Wiik'ase na^naxmeq. Wii, la-lae
^nek'a: "TEwIx'aLEiiux"," ''nex'-lae qaxs kildEeleqaia-maeda yfidu-
kwe ^uE^mema qo he.Em lax gEUEms la ^wPwElamasEx g'okiilotdas,
lagilas ^nek'e Wiik'asaxs tEwIxeLaxa ^niElxLowe. Wit, la^lae ya-
40 qlEga'leda ts'.Edaqe. Wa, la-Iae ^nek"a: "A^max'os yaL!ax'da-xoL,
sasEm, qaoxda yaliixes g'okiilotdaos. Wii, la^mesEU Lexs-alaLol,
sasEm. Gwfda gwil^sta laxa alx"stonosElas kwaxiliis g'okwasxa he
gwexsa wagalosas kwaxila. HeEm 'yax'sEnie, 3'ixs he-mae g'6x"s
Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye. Wii, he-Emxaas k'les gwii^staasa tslolto-
45 was kwaxila qaxs he'mae kwax'iliis g'okwasa g"ila, aLas yilkwfdax
hlq. Wii, he-misLas laasa quxstowas kwax ila qaxs hc-mae kwax iliis
gokwasa ^mElxLowe. Wii, la^mesEn ts!altsg"a," ^nex'^laeda tslEdiiqe
(IrdaxaxEgEme, "Logwada tIesEmk' Logwada klwfixLok"; wii gn-me-
sega heraEnalaEmk' slxLa-ya yixga LliidEmk'. Wii, ht>-nuiasexs
50 LexLeqiilsaaqos liilaelk'eniila lax g'okwas Bax"bakwiilanux"siwa^ye
las asm xwelaq hoquwEls hlx g"okwas qa=s heltsaos yiiya'na dzEl-
xula nii^nakwa liixes gokvvaos. Wii, gil-mese quqa'ya Bax"bakwa-
lanux"slwa^ye lax'da-'xoL, wii, g'U^mese Elaq belts !axLiix laaqos tslE-
xElsasa xEgEuiex liixs ElxLa^yos. Wii, liiLe ts!ets!asoLes awiigawa-
55 yos 1.6- Bax"bakwalanux"sl\va^ye. Wii, liiLe ciwesuxLiila])EnilLol
laxeq. Wii, giPmese g'iix et!ed ex'axLalabEndol las tslEx^etsa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1225
yourselves and him. It will stand up as a gi-eat mountain between 58
|
you and him. And do the same with the piece of cedar-wood and
the hair-oil." Then Wak'as, the youngest || of the brothers, spoke, 60
I
and said, "Now, come, go with us to where we are going!" Thus
|
said Wak'as to the woman. Then the woman said, "I wish I
|
could ; but I can not move, because I am rooted to the floor.' Just
|
go, children!" said the one rooted to the floor to the three brothers.
|
Then they || went on ; and they had not gone far, before they saw the 65
rainliow-colored smoke; and immediately Powedzid, the eldest
|
|
of the brothers, spoke, and said, " O Brothers ! let us go thcye ! for we
|
have been looking for the one who killed our tribesmen." Thus he
|
said. Wslk'as and his || brother Aek' !oqa were iniwiUing, but 70
Powedzid did not give in to them. Then they went on, and saw
|
the house at the foot of a great mountain, and Powedzid, the
| |
eldest brother, always went, ahead as they were going into the house.
|
Then they saw their sister Qux'Elal sitting there, and || next to her 75
sat her son; and the boy cried, pointing his finger to the knee of
|
Walv'as, for Wak'as had hurt his knee, and the blood was running
|
tlown from it. Tlierefore tlie little boj^ cried, for he was greedy for it.
|
And QQx'Elal asked her brother Wak'as to scrape off some of the
|
t!esEmex faxes awagawayos LE^we. Wit, laLe k'!ok'!ak'odLa ^walas 57
^uEg'a loL LE^we. Wa, ;Vmets he gweg'ilasa k!waxLa^wex LE^wa
LladE^mex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg'a^}e Wak'asexa ama^yin-
xa^5^asa ^ns-mema. Wa, hVlae ^nek'a: "Gelag'a cjEns laEns qas'id 60
laxEus laasLa," 'nex'^lae Wak'asaxa ts!Edacie. Wa, la=lae ^nek'eda
ts!Edaqe. "WexEUL, ixEmx'st!En k' !eas gwex'^idaasa qaxg'in L!6p!-
Ek'!ExsdEliiek-," -'nex''lae. " Wii, haga aEmx sasEni," ^nex'^laeda
L!op!Ek'!ExsdElile' laxa yudukwe ^uE^mema. Wa, lax'-da-x"lae
qas-ida. Wii, ^wiloxdze^lae c[wesg'ilaxs lae dox^waLElaxa wagalo- 65
stas kwax'ila. Wa, hex'idaEm^lawise Powedzidexa -nolast !EgEma-
^yasa -uE^mema yaci!Eg'a'la. Wii, laMae^nek'a: "^ya, ^nal^nEmwii- m
yot; wex'ins hlq qaxg'ins he^mek' alasE^we la ielE^lamasxEns g'oku-
lotdiiEns," ^nex''lae. Wii, wax'^Eni^liiwise q!Emse Wak-ase le'wcs
^nsmwiiyote Aek' !oqa. Wii, k'!es''lat!a yiix'-'ide Powedzide qa-'s le 70
Ifiq. Wii, lax'da^x"^lae c[as^ida. Wii, la^me dox^waLElaxa g'okwaxs
g'6x"sidzayaaxa ^wiilase nEg-ii. Wii, liex'siiEnr'lae Powedzidexa
^nolast !EgEma-'ye g-alag'iwa^yaxs lae hogwiLa laxa g'okwe. Wii,
la^me dox^waLElaxes wiiq!wax'da^xwe Qux'Elalaxs k!waelae. Wii,
le k!wanodzelIle(la babagumaq. Wii, liVlae q!wiig'aleda babagume 75
IsiEmalax op!ega^yas Wtlk'ase c[axs yilxp!eg'ae Wak'ase. Wii,
la^lae waxEleda Elkwa lax opleg'a^yas. Wii, he^mis q!wasag'iltsa
biibagilmaxs niEsElaaq. Wii, hV'lae Qiix'E'fde iixk' !alaxes wuqlwe
Wakase qa k'exodes liixa Elkwa. Wii, Iti^lae Wiik'ase ax^edxa
1 The name indicates that this incident should happen in a house.
;
1226 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. an.n. 3s
80 blood; iuul Wak'as took a pioco of || cedar-wood from the floor of the
. house, and scraped off the bk)od from his knee, and gave it to the
|
boy. Then the boy stopped crying, and hcked off the bkxxi from[
the cechir-stick. Now, the three brothers saw (h-ied bodies hanging|
over the fire of the great house; and Wak'as spoke to his ekler|
S5 brothci-s, and said, "Let us try to shoot through the hole at the!l
doorside!" Thus he said. Then his ekler brothers guessed what he
|
meant, and they shot their arrows through the hole; and when|
j
thev had shot their arrows through it, then Wak'as said to his elder|
•JO brothers, "Let us go and get our arrows!" Thus he said, and theyil
went out of the house; and when they had all gone out, they just
j
picked up their arrows and ran away. And then they heard
|
Qiix'Elai coming out, and standing outside of the house; she
shouted aloud, and said, "Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ! nu-at
came to you Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ! In vain nu-at!
|
95 came to you, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World !" H Thus she said.
And at the same time when Qux'Elal shouted, Raven-at-North-|
End-of-Workl shouted, "Gaogao!" and the Hox"'hok"-of-the-Sky
[
shouted "Hoe hoe hoe!" and Crooked-Beak-of-the-Sky shouted
"Ho bo l)o b5!" and the Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door of the house
[
blew his whistles, and shouted "Neu ueu ueu!" and the|
100 Kich-Woman shouted "Hai hai || hai hai!" and the Fire-Dancer
'SO k!waxLawe g'ael laxa g'okwe qa^s k'exodes laxes Elx"p!eg"a^ye qa^s
tsE^wes laxa babagiime. Wii, lii^lae L!Ex^ededa babagumaxs lae
k'ilqaxa Ekx-uua^yasa k!waxLiVwe. Wii, la-'me dox^waLF.leda yudukwe
^nE^memaxa bakwasde x'ilElaLEla laxaek" !a^yasa lEgwilasa ^wiilase
g'okwa. Wii, M^lae yiiq!Eg'a^le Wak'ase laxes ^no'UKla. Wii, hi-lae
S5 ^nek'a: "WilEntsosEns q!iici!ap!axa kwax"sa laxa L!asbali}e, " ^nex"-
^lae. Wa, gwalElaEm^lawise ^no^uElas kotax Mie^nak'elas. Wii,lax'-
Ma^x"'lae -wi-la hiinltslalases haauaL!Emc laxa kwax"s;\. Wii, g'il-
''Enrlilwise HvPla hanitsotses haanaL!Eme laxa kwax"soxs lae ^nek^e
Wak'asaxes^no^uEla: " Wexins ax^edxEns haanaLlEma," ^nex'^laexs
90 lae hdquwElsa liixa g-okwe. Wii, gil^Em^hiwise ^wIPweIsexs lae
aEm diig'ElxLiilaxes haanaL!Emaxs g'iixae dzElx'wida. Wii, he^mis
la wiiLElatsex Qux'Elalaxs g'axae Las lax L!asana^yases g'okwe qa^s
liiisEle lEla^x"sii la ^nek'a: "Bax"bakwillanux"slwa''ya sagtinsas
Bax"bakwrdanux"slwa^ya, wax'dEs sagunsaoL Bax"bakwiilann.x"si-
95 wa^ya," ^nex'^lae ^uEmadzaqwaEm^lae Qux'Elalaxs galae hiisEla
^hiq !uga^l lo-' G\vax"gwaxw!ilanux"slwa''yaxs laegao gaoxwa Lo' I iox"-
hoo-wiixtEwexs lae lioehoehoexa l6^ GElogudziiyaxs lae hoboboboxwa
wa, he^misa Nansta.lilasa g'ok" lae mEdzetsiala. Wa, la xwiik!wala
nEn riEn uEn. Wii, he^misa Q!iiminiigase lae xwiikiwiila hai hai
100 hai hai. Wa, he-misa N6nltse=stalale lae niEdzetsIiilaxs lae hehe-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1227
blew his whistles, and shouted "Ho he he!" and the Begging- 1
|
Dancer blew his whistles, and shouted "Ha ha! begging-dance,|
begging-dance!" and the Tamer and the One-Wio-Presses-Down
|
(-Sickness) sang their sacred songs. And after Qiix'Elal ended her
|
shouting, then Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World cried " Hap hap hap
hap hap hap !" and his many whistles sounded on top of the great 5|| |
mountain. It was as though he came flying to the foot of the moun-
tain. His wife, Qux'Elal, stood at the door of the house, waiting
|
I
for him; and when her husband, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World,
came, Qiix'Elal said to him, "Go rightalong! They went thatway, |1
|
when they left." Thus she said. Then Cannibal-at-North-End- 10
of-World began to run; and when he was coming near the three
|
brothers, and nearly overtook Wak'as, then Wak'as threw the
| |
comb backwards, and immediately it turned into a great, dense, bad|
mass of underbrush behind the three || brothers; and Cannibal-at- 15
North-End-of-World looked for a way to go through to the other
|
side of the dense underbrush. Meanwhile the three brothers had
|
gone far; but the call of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-Worid, "Hap hap
hap hap hap hap!" came up again just behind them; and when
|
|
he nearly took hold of the youngest brother, Wak'as, the latter, threw
down the stone between himself and Camiibal-at-North-End-of- 20||
World, and immediately a great mountain stood up between the
|
hexa. Wil, he'misa Q!weci!wasElaI lae mEdzets!alaxs lae ^nek'a 1
haha Q!\veq!wasElala^ye, Q!weq!wasElala^yexEla. Wil, he^mis la
\alaq!w£ilats Hayalikila l6^ Lalaxwila. Wii, g'il-Emxd%e q!ulbe
^laq!walaena^yas Qux'Elale laa^lase haphaphap haphaphapxe Bax"-
bakwalanux"slwa^ye la q!ek'!ales msdzese lax oxta^yasa ^walase 5
nEg'a. HceI gwex's p !ELE^nakulaxs g'axae lax 5x"sldza^yasa uEg'a.
Wa, la-iae gEUEmase Qux^Elate Lax"stalasEx t!Ex'ilases g'okwe
esElaq. Wa, g'il^Em-lawise g'axe hVwunEmase Bax"bakwalanux"sl-
wa^yaxs lae ^nek'e QiixElalaq: " Hag'a he-nakulax he-me gaj-aqaxs
laa qas^ida," ^nex^^hie. Wit, h¥lae Bax"bakwalanux"sIwaH'e dzslx- 10
^wida. Wit, lasm^lae L!asgileda yudukwe ^'uE^memaxs lae helts!ax-
LilsE^wa. Wii, laEm^lawise Elaq dax'-'itsE^we Wak'asaxs lae ts!E-
xElsasa xEgEme laxes ElxLa^ya. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la lelxE^ya
la ts!ets!asE^wa ^naxwa^yax"sEmq!wasq!uxEla lax slxLa^yasa yudu-
kwe ^UE^mema. Wii, laEm-lae Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye iilii qa^s 15
g'ayagas lilx qwesEnxa^yasa ts!ets!asE^we q!wiisq!uxEla. Wii, qwes-
g'ilaEjn^lawisa yudukwe ^uE^memaxs g'axaase et!ed haphaphap
haphaphapxe Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye liix ElxLa^yas. Wii, g'il-
^Eni^lawise Ehlq diix'^Idxa ama^yinxa^ye Wiik'asaxs lae ts!Ex^Elsi:isa
t!esEme laxes iiwagawa^ye lo^ Bax"'bakw£ilanux"slwa^ye. Wa, la- 20
^lae hex'^idaEm k'!ok'!ak'odeda ^wiilase uEg'iixa yudokwe ^nE^mema
1228 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
22 three brothers and Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Now, they
|
were on opposite sides of the great mountain, and they were really
|
far ahead,—the three brothers who were being pursued. They had
|
gone far, when the cannibal cry of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ||
25 was heard again behind them. 'V\lien he nearly took hold of
|
Wak'as, the latter throw downi the cedar-stick between himself
|
and Caunibal-at-North-End-of-World, and immediately the cedar-
stick became a large, thick cedar-log, which moved backward and
I
forward as Cannibal-at-Nortli-End-of-World tried to reach its end.
|
30 It was always across his way. || Now, tlie three brothers had gone far
ahead, when the cannibal cry of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World
|
came up behind them. Wlaen he nearly took hold of Wak'as, they
|
poured the hair-oil between themselves and Cannibal-at-North-
|
End-of-World, and immediately it became a wide, long lake; and the
|
35 three brothers were on one side || and Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
World, who was pursuing them, was on the other side. Wlien they
|
came near their house, Powedzid, the eldest brother, called loud to
|
his father, NEnwaqawa, and said, "NEnwarjawa, tie up our house,
j
NEuwaqawa!" Thus he said. NEnwaqawa lieard plainly the call-
|
40 ing. Therefore || he went into his house, and took a long cedar-
bark rope, and put it around his house; and he just continued
I |
tying the rope around, when his three children came in sight. They
|
22 Lo^ Bax''bakwalanux"slwa^ye. Wa, la^me ^wax'sadzexa ^walase nEg'a.
Wit, la^me alak'!ala la qwesaxLalabEntsos qaqa^yiixa yudukwe
^uE^mema. Wii, laEm^lawise qwesg'ilaxs g"axaase et'.ed hamadzE-
25 laqwe Bax"bakwalanux''slwa^ye lax ElxLa^yas. Wii, laEtn^Iawise
Elaq dax-^ldEx Wfik'asaxs lae ts'.Ex^Elsasa k'.waxLa^ve laxes awiiga-
wa^ye l6^ Ba.\"bakwillanux''slwa^ye. Wii, hex-idaEm'lawisa k!wax-
La^we la LEx"dzeEl hi wllkwa sapi^lalag'ilsExs wax'ae lalabEndale
Bax"l)akwalaiuix"slwa'ya(i hlxes gEyfdaenu'ya LEkwe wllkwa. Wii,
30 laEm^laxae qwesgileda j-udukwe ^nE^memuxs g'fixaase et!ed hamii-
dzElaqwe Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye Lax ElxLa^yas. Wii, laEm^lae
Ehiq diix'^IdEx Wak^asaxs lae k'.unxElsasa L!iidE^me hlxes ilwagawa-
'ye Lo' Bax"bakwrilanux"siwa\ye. Wii, hex-'idaEm-'hlwise la lex^ed
la giltsta dzE^lala. Wii, la^me Hvax'sodesa yudukwe ^uE^mema
35 LE'wa qaqa-'yiiqe Bax"bakwahuiux"slwa'ye. Wii, laEm'lawise ex'-
^ag'aaLEla laxes gokwaxs lae Powedzidexa ^nolastlEgEnia'ye hasEla
^laq'.wfdaxes ompe NEnwaqawa^ye. Wii, Ifi^lai? ^neka: "NEnwaqa-
wa^ya, qEX'sEmdats dEUEma liixEns g'okwax, NEuwaquwa-ya,"
^nox-'lae. Wii, hehitoEni-hiwise NEuwaqawa'yaxa -'laqlwfdii lagihis
40 hex'^idaEm laeL laxes g"okwe qa^s ax-edexa g"ilt!a dEusEn dEnEma
qa's qp:xsEmdes hlxes gokwe. Wii, heEui'lawis ii'lcs yiila qEX's-
drdasa dEUEuuixs g"iixaes jaidukwe siisEm nel'ida. Wii, laxda^x"^lae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1229
helped their father; and when they had finished, they went into the
|
house and harred the door; and after they had barred the doin-
i| of 4.5
the house, the youngest of the children, Wak'as, reported to his
|
father that they had seen their sister, Qux'Elal, sitting in that house
|
with her son, in the house of him who was named by Qux'Elal
|
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. "Then the child of Qux'Elal
cried for the blood on my knee; and when I gave him the blood,
|
which I scraped off, he stopped crying and licked it off ; and then 50|| |
we saw the bodies of our tribesmen drying right over the fire of the
|
house." Wlien Wak'as had said this, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
|
World came to the roof of the house of NEUwarjawa, uttering the
|
cannibal-cry. He opened the roof and showed his || head. Then 55
NEnwaciawa spoke, and said, "0 son-in-law, Cannibal-at-North-
|
End-of-World, don't be in a hurry! Come in the morning with your
|
wife and my grandson, and to-morrow morning you shall eat my
|
three sons. Now go for a while!" Thus he said. Immediately
|
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World uttered the cannibal-cry, and
||
wont home to his house. Immediately NEnwaqawa asked his wife 60
|
K'anelk'as to give something to eat to their three sons, "so that I
|
may sit down in the corner and devise what to do, for I have
|
invited Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World to a feast." Thus he said
|
as he went and sat down in the corner of the house. He had not
||
g'ox^widxes ompe. Wii, g^iPEm^lawise gwalExs lae hogwiL laxes 43
g'okwe c[a^s L!Enex'^Ideq. Wa, g'ipEm^lawise gwal LJEnek'axes
t!EX'Ilases g'okwaxs lae ama^yinxa^yas sasEmase Wak'ase ts!Ek'!a-45
lElaxes ompaxs dox^waLElaaxes wuq!we Qux'Elalaxs k!waclae
LE^wis babagiime xiinSk" lax g-okwas gwE-'yas Qiix'Elale Bax"ba-
kwalanux"slwa^ya. "Wii, la q!wase xunokwas Qux-Elale ([aEn eLx"-
p!eg"a^ye. Wii, gil^mesEn ts!asEn k'exoyowe Elkwa laqexs lae
LiEx^ed liixes q!wats!ena^ye qa^s k'Elx^edexa Elkwa. Wii, he-'mesE- 50
nu^x"^ dox^waLEla yixEns g'okiilotdiixs lae x'ilElaLEla lax nEqosto-
wasa lEgwIlasa g'okwe." Wii, heEm^liiwise -'wala wiildEmas Wiik'a-
saxs g'iixaase Bax"bakwiilanux"siwa^ye hiimadzElaqwa lax ogwiisasa
g'okwas NEnwaqawa^ye. Wii, la^lae ax^ex'nda qa^s x'ExsE^weses
x'omse. Wii, h¥lae yaq!Eg'a^}c NEnwaqawa^yaq. Wii, lii-lae 'nek'a: 55
"^ya, nEgiimp, yul Bax"bakwiilanux"siwe^ Gwala albalax, laEms
g'axLEx gaalaLa LE^wis gEUEmaos le^weu ts!ox"LEmji qa^s g'iix-
lag'iLos gaiixstalalxgin yudukwEk' siisEma. Wii, liag'aEmasL,"
^nex-^lae. Wii, hVlae hiiraadzElaqwe Bax"bakwiilanux"slwa^ye qa^s
la na^nak" laxes g'okwe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise NEuwaqawa^ye 60
axk'iillaxes gEUEme K'anelk'ase, qa halabales ax'ed qa ha^miises
yudukwe siisEma, "qEn la k!wanegwii laxa g'okwe qEu SE^ne^xEns
gwex'^idaasLaxEn Le^lalasE^wae Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ya," ^nex'-
'laexs lae qas^ida qa^s lii k!wanegwlla liixes g'okwe. Wii, kMes-
1?30 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [kth. ann. 35
65 been sitting in the corner for a long time before ho came and sat
down among his sons; and Nsnwaqawa spoke, and said, "Now,
|
|
take care, children ! else we shaU be overcome bj' the one whom you
call Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, for now I have thought out
I
what we shall do to him when he comes. Now eat quickly, for we
|
70 have much work to do!" || Thus he said to his sons. And after his
sons had eaten, Nsnwaqawa asked Powedzid, the eldest one of his
|
|
sons, to dig a hole in the middle of the rear of the house, and to make
it deep, and one fathom across at the opening of the hole in the
|
floor; and he told Aek" loqk to go and get fire-wood; and he told
||
I
7.5 Wak'as, the youngest of his sons, to go and get stones. Immedi-
|
ately they all did what their father had told them to do, and it was
|
not long before they finished their work. Now, it was.late in the
|
evening, and they put fii'e into the hole on the floor; and when the
|
80 fire blazed up, they put many stones on it. Then || Ncnwaqawa
took short boards, and placed them on the floor near the hole in
|
which tlie fire was burning. Tlien he asked his tliree sons to kill
|
three dogs, and to take out the intestines. He continued, "And
|
when you take out the intestines, hide the bodies of the dogs in tlie
|
85 corner, so that || tliey may not be seen by Cannibal-at-North-End-
of-World. When he comes in the morning, you must lie down on
|
65 =lat!a gael k'.wiinegwilExs gaxae k!wagEliIaxes sasEme. Wa, la^lae
ya^q!Eg'a-te Nfiuwaqawa^ye. Wil, hVlae ^nek'a: "Wiigilla aEm
yaLlaLEx, sasEm, jLleus ^yak'alax laxes gwE'yaos Bax"bakwalanux"-
siwa^ya cjaxs la^mek" gwal qEn kiwexek' c[Ens gwex'iihiasEci qo
g"axLO. Wega, hahxbala ha^mapEx qaxs ci'.enEmaEns eaxElasoLa,"
70 ^nex'-laexes sasEme. Wa, gil^Em=lawise gwal ha'miipe sasEmasexs
lae NEUwaqawa^ye axk"!alax Powedzidexa ^nohist !EgEma-yas sa-
sEmas qa 'iapledesexa uEqewalilases gokwe cpi wuncjEles k"ilx"ts!a
^uEmplEnk' laxEns baLaqe ^wadzEqawFlasas awaxsta^yasa kwiVwIte.
Wii, lil axk'lalax Aek'!oqtx qa las aneqax lEqwii. Wii, lii axkMfdax
75 Wak"asexa ama^yinxa^yas sasEmas qa liis t'.aqax t'.esEma. Wii, le
^wFla hex'^idaEm eax^idEx gwE^yases ompe qa eax^euex"da^x"s.
Wa, wFlox"dze'lae gex'^idExs hie ^wi-la gwale axsE^was. LaEui^hie
gala ganoLExs lae lExts'.ocLxa -labEkwe kwa-wila. Wil, gil'Em-liiwise
x'Ik'ostaxs lae tIaqEyindalasa t'.esEme q'.enEm iaci. Wil, hiEm^lae
80 NEnwaqawa^ye ax'edxa -'wadzowe ts!EX"SEm saokwa qa-s lit pax-
^aliias laxa ^uExwala liixa hx lExts'.Ewak" kwa'wiia. Wii, hxKni-Ui-
wise axk"!alaxes yudukwe sasEni qa k" '.elax'^Idesexa yiidukwe ^wao-
ts'.a, "qa's axixlaosax yax'yEgllas. Wa, g'il-'mets -wl-lamasxa yax-
yEg'Itas his qliiliil^IdEx ok'.wina^'yasa 'waSts'.Exde h"ixa onegwde cpi
85 k'leses dox^waLElts Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye. Wii, gil-EmlwIse
gaxLEx gaalaLa qaso lax'da^x"L uEhxELel hixa hi>lk'!otstahlasa
uuAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1231
your backs at the right-hand side of the door, and each of you must 87|
have on his stomach the dog-intestines." Thus he said to his sons;|
and Wak'as took three short boards, and put them down at the
|
right-hand side of the door for him and his elder brothers to he on 90||
when they pretended to be dead. In the morning Nsnwaqawa put
|
ilown the broad short boards, and covered up the fire in the hole
|
on the floor, and he put the settee down outside of it (that is, nearer
|
to the fire). Then he spread two new mats in it. Then he asked his|
three sons to lie down on the three short boards. They went down 95ll
and lay down on their backs. Nenwaqawa took the intestines|
I
of the dogs and spread them over the stomachs of his sons; and he
]
told his sons not to show any sign of breathing. (He continued), "so
|
that Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World may really believe that you
are dead." And after NEnwacjawa had given advice to his chil- 200II |
dren, the cannibal-cry of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-Workl was
heard back of the house, and he came to the house; and first
|
|
Cannibal-at-Nortli-End-of-World came in, and next came his son,
|
and last his wife, Qux"Elal. As soon as || Cannibal-at-North-End- 5
of-World came in, he saw the three naked sons of NEnwaqawa
|
lying down on the short boards, and he wanted to go at once to eat
|
them; but NEnwaqawa spoke, and said, "Don't, son-in-law! We
|
|
t'.Exila. Wa, laLEs q!walxoEml hvElxsEindzElilxa yax'yEgllasa -wao- 87
ts'.Exda," ^nex'^laexes sasEme. Wil, liVlae fix^ede Wak-asaxa yu-
duxiixsa ts!ats!EX"sEma qa^s la paqEmg'alllas laxa helk'lotstalllasa
t'.Exila qa^s iienELEdzEweso LE^wis ^no-UEla cjS lal lelE^lbohiLo. 90
Wa, g il-Em^lawise ^ntlx'^idxa gaaliixs lae NEnwacpiwa^ye. pagEx-
stEntsa ^wadzowe ts!ats!Ex"sEma laxa lEq'.iixLallle kwa^wila. Wil,
la^lae ax-alllasa k!wats!E^wase lax L'.asalllas qa^s LEptsIodesa ma^le
ts'.ets'.EX'as leEl^we laq. Wii, la'lae axk" lalaxes yQdukwe siisEm cja
lalag'Is nenELEdzolilaxa yuduxuxsa ts!ats!Ex"sEma. Wa, lax'da^x"- 95
^lae nenELEdzalllxa ^nal^uEiiixsa ts!ats!Ex"sEma. Wa, la^lae Neu-
waqawa'ye ax^edxa yaxylg^Ilasa ^waotsle qa^s la lExsEmdzEndalas
laxes sasEme. Wa, la^lae axk' '.alaxes sasEme qa k'lesk'ases awiil-
x'Es hasdExila qa alak'!ales oqliise Bax^bakwalanux^slwa^yaq ala-
Em lelE'la. Wii, gil^Em-lawise gwale NEnwaqawa^ye Lexs-illax(?s 200
silSEmaxs g'axaase hamadzElaqwe Bax"bakwiilanux''slwa^ye lax
ilLana^yasa g'okwas. Wii, gTix^lae g'axeLa liixa g^okwe. Wa, laEni-
-lae galaexe Bax"bakwiilanux"slwa^ye. Wii, la^ae mtikile xuno-
kwaseq. Wa, la^lae ElxLa^ye gEUEmase Qiix'Elale. Wii, gil^Em-
^lae g"iixeLe Bax"bakwiilanux"slwa^yaxs lae dox^waLElaxa xaxEniila 5
yiiduk" sasEms NEnwaqawa^yaxs nenELEdza^yaaxa ts!fits!Ex"sE-
miixs lae ^nex' qa^s hex'^ida^me la gwii^sta Laq qa^s hamx'^Ideq. Wit,
hVlae yiiqlEg'a^le NEiiwaqawa^yaq. Wii, hVlae ^nek'a: "Gwiila, ue-
1232 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
10 do not do that when weai"e invited. Come || to the place where you
will sit down!" Thus he said. And immediately Canuibal-at-
|
North-End-of-World came and sat down on the mats spread out in
the settee. At his left side was his son; and his wife, Qflx'Elal, sat
|
I
down on the other mat. Now, Canni])al-at-North-En(l-of-World
|
15 lay back; and Nenwacjawa spoke, || and said, "Now I shall talk I
the way we do whenever we have guests. We always tell a story
first for our guests. Now, listen, son-in-law!" Thus he said,
I |
and NEnwaqawa began to tell a story to Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
20 World.' He had not been telling his story long, before || Cannibal-at-
I
North-End-of-World became sleepy, and also his wife and his son,
|
and NEnwaqawa continued telling his story. Now, NEnwaqawa
|
purposely pressed his knee against the knee of tlie one to whom he
told the story— namely, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World— and he
|
never moved. Tlien he began to snore. Then NEnwaqawa called
|
25 his sons. || They came and took off the boards covering the hole
with the fire in the bottom; and the three sons took hold each of a
|
corner of the mat on which he lay with his son, and threw them into
|
the fire in the bottom of the pit. And NEnwaqawa, and his wife,
|
K'anelk"as, took the short boards and covered up the pit. Now,
| ||
30 Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World continued uttering the cannibal-
giimp, k'lesEnu^x" he gweg'ilaxg'anu^x" Le^lanEmek". Gelag'a he-
10 'nakida laxg'as k!waJg'6s," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise Ba.x"-
bak\vahinux"slwa^ye g'ax qa^s k!wadzolIlexa LEpts !awe le^we laxa
k!wats!Ewase. Wa, la^lae gEmxanSdzelile xunokwas laq. Wa, la-
^lae gEUEmase Qux'Elale klwiidzolllaxa ^nEme le^wa^ya. Wii, laEm-
^lae t!eg'ile I3a.x"bakwalanux"slwa-ye. Wii, l;¥lae yaq!Eg'a'le Neu-
15 waqawa^ye. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Yixgin diix'^Ida^melg'ax gwe-
k" irdasanu^x" qaEn Le^hinEme, yixg'anu^x" niinosiilg'iwalek"
cpiEnu^x" Le^lanEme. Wii, la^mets hoLehxLol, uEgiimp," ^nex'^laexs
lae nos^ide NEUwaqawa^ye qa Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ye.' Wa, wi-
l6x"dze'lae gek' liilagilll nosaxs lae mamexEmx'^lde Bax"bakwa-
20 lanux"slwa^ye ^nEmax'^ld LE^wis gEnEme LE'wis xunokwe. Wa,
lii^lae hanale NEnwaqawa^ye nosa. Wii, laEm^lae NEUwaqawa^ye
henomaEm tEstEsases okwiix'a^ye liix okwiixa^yases nosag'Ile Bax"-
bakwrdanux"slwa^ye. Wii, la^lae k"!ets!Em-El qunx-'wida. Wii, la-
lae xEntlEg'a^ia. Wa, he^mis la Le^lalats NEnwaqawa'yaxes sasEme.
25 Wii, g axda^x"-lae ilxodEx pagExsta-'j'asa kwa-'wile lEq!uxLiila. Wii,
lii^lae yudukwe sasEms dildEiixEndxa lewa^ye kuldzE'wesos LE-'wis
xunokwe. Wii, lax'da^x"%e ts!Exts!ots laxa lEq !iixLala kwa^wila.
Wii, hVlae NEnwaqawa-'ye LE'wis gEUEme K-anelk'ase iix^edxa
^wiidzowe ts!Ex"sEm saok" qa^s pagExstEndes hicj. Wii, laEm^lae
30 Ba.x"bakwalanux"slwa^ye aEm la hayoles ha^madzElaqiila LE^wis
•See p. 1246, lines S7-S8.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1233
cry and whistling, and for a long time his sound did not stop; but 31
| |
his wife, Qiix'Elal, did not wake up until her husband, Cannibal-at-
|
North-End-of-World, and her child, were dead. And when Can-
|
nibal-at-No4"th-End-of-World stopped crying, then Nenwaqawa
||
asked his three sons to take off the short boards that were covering 35
|
the dead Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, whom he had kiUed.
They took them off and put them down. Then Nenwaqawa took
|
his spruce-root hat and waved it inside the hole, and then the
|
I
ashes of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World turned into mosquitoes. ||
And NEnwaqawa said, "You shall be mosquitoes and eat men in 40
|
later generations." Thus he said. Then they really turned into
|
mosquitoes, what had been the ashes of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
World.
I
After this had been done, Qux'Elal awoke, and in vain she asked
|
NEnwaqawa which way her husband had gone; || and Nsnwaqawa 45
did not deceive her about what he had done, he told her at once
|
what he had done; and Qiix'Elal got reaUy angry on account of
|
what NEnwaqawa and his three sons had done. And Qux'Elal said
|
to her father NEnwaqawa, " You made a great mistake on account
|
of what you have done to my husband, for || he wished to pay you the 50
marriage price for me by giving to you many dressed skins, and also
|
the great cannibal-dance, and his great name Cannibal-at-North-
End-of-World. These would have gone to you if you had not done
I
mEdzese k'les^El gEy5l qlweHda. Wii, laEm^lae hewaxa ts!Ex'^ide 31
gEnEmx'dase Qiix'Elalaxs lE^mae lE^les la^wiinEmx'de Bax"bakwa-
lanux"siwax'de LE^wis xunox"de. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise q!wePld ha-
^madzElaqiile Bax"bakwalanux"siwax'de laa^lae NEnwaqawa^ye &x-
k' lalaxes yudukwe sasEma qa axodesexa ts!Ex"sEme saokwa, ylx 35
pagExsta^yas g'a^yalasas Bax"bakwalanux"siwax'de. Wa, lax'da^x"-
^lae axodEq qa^s pax^aliles. Wa, la^lae NEuwaqawa^ye ax^edxes
LlojilEx'SEme LEtEmla qa^s yax^wides lax 6ts!awasa kwa^wlle. Wa,
la^lae qlEx^wultslawe qlwalobsas Bax"bakwalanux"slwax'de. Wa,
laEm^lawise ^nek'e NEnwaqawa^ye : "Wa, laEms LesLEnaL5l qa^s 40
bEx"bakweLos laxa alLa bEkumel," ^nex'^lae. Wii, laEm^lae alaEm
la LesLE^nax'^Ideda q'.walobEsdiis Bax''bakwalanux"siwax'de.
Wii, g'il^Em^lawise gwal^alllExs lae ts!Ex"^Ide Qiix'Elale. Wul-
^Em^lawise hex'^idaEm wiiEax NEnwaqawa^ye lax gwii^staasases la-
^wunEma. Wa, k"!es^lat!a NEnwaqawa^ye ha^yamases gwex'^idaase. 45
AEm^lae hex'^idaEm nelases gwex'^idaasaq. Wa, la^ae alak'!ala
ts'.Enkwe Qux'Elalas gwex'^idaasas NEnwaqawa^ye LE^wis yudukwe
sasEma. Wii, la^lae ^nek'e Qux'Elalaxes ompe NEnwaqawa^ye:
" LaEms ^walas odzaxa qaes gwex'^idaasos laxEn la^wfmEmx'da qaxs
la^mex'dii ^nex" qa^s qadzeLe g'axEn laL yisa q!enEme iilag'im; wii, 50
he^misa ^wiilase liidesxa hamatsle LE^wis ^walase LegEme Bax"ba-
kwalanux"siwa^ye. He^staEm g'axlaxsde qaso k"!eshe gwex'^idEq.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 29
1234 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.85
SO. The reason why this happened is, that, when he was getting
I
55 ready last night to come, he quarreled with his brothers,
|| and| he
killed Hox"hok"-of-the-Sky and Crooked-Beak-of-the-Sky and
|
Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door and Rich-Woman and Fire-Dancer and
|
Begging-Dancer. These six were killed by Cannibal-at-North-End-
of-World; but the others went out of our house in time — Raven-
| |
at-North-End-of-World and Tamer and the One-Who-Presses-Dowai
60 and Copper-Sound-Woman 1| and Thrower. Now, we were just
three of us— I myself, my husband, and my treasure, my child.
|
|
Now I alone am ahve. It is on your account that my husband
|
got into trouble, for my husband said that we alone were invited by
you; and that was the reason why they became angry, because they
I
65 said that you should have invited || all of us, fifteen of us who
were in our house; but my husband did not get angry imtil they
|
said that they had notbeen invited byyou. Now, all of them were
|
I
following us; and they wanted to kill you and these three j'oung
|
70 men, and they wanted to eat you. Therefore my || husband killed
them; and the others went out alive, but left their masks and their
|
red cedar-bark, which my husband said would go to you." Thus
|
said Qux'Elal to her father NEnwaqawa.
|
|
53 HaaxoL hegTlts gwex"^IdExs lag'anu^x" xwanalslax ganoLe qEnu^x"
g'axexa ^nalax, lae aodzagogulll LE^wis ^nal^uEmwEyodae. Wa, he-
55 ^mis la k' !elax"^idaatsex H6x"hogwaxtEwex'de lo^ GElogudzayex'dii
Lo^ NEnstallldii lo^ Q!aminagasda lo^ Nonltse-stalaldii lo^ Q!we-
q'.wasElaldii. Wa, qlaiJokwox lE^lamatsE^waxs Bax^bakwalanux^sl-
wax"da. Wa, he^mis helo^mala lawEls laxEnu^x" g'okwe Gwiix"-
gwaxwalanux"slwa^ye lo^ Hayalikila lo^ Lalaxwila lo^ Llaqwa-
60 k"!alaga lo^ Mamaqla. Wa, iVmesenu^x" la wax" 3aidukwa
LE^wun la^wunEmx'da le^wuu Logwex'dEULEn xundx^dii. Wa,
a^mesEn la ^nEmox" la q!ula, yixs so-'mae g*ag-amalatsEn la^wu-
nEmx'de, yixs lae nelEn la^wuuEmx'daxs Le^lalaaqos g'axEnu^x"
lex"ama. Wa, he^mis ts!Engumx'dox"se ^walasilaL -wi^laEm Le^ialaq
65 laxEnu^x" ^waxaasaxg'anu^x" sEk'Iogiig'Eyowek' haga laxEnu^x"
g'okwa. Wa, al^mese^yak'ElIlEn la-wunEmx'das, yixs lae ^nex'da^x"
qa^s wax'^me k" !es La^lelk'Enos. Wa, laEm^lawise ^wFlal g'axL
hogwig'e g-axEnu^x" qa^s k'lelax'^ide ^wFla laL LE^wa yudukwex
ha-yal^a qa^s ha^mx'^dEx-da^xwaoL. Wa, he^mis lagilasEn la^wQ-
70 nEmx'de k"!elax'^idEx'da^xwuq. Wa, la q!ulawlseda waokwa &e1
lowaLase yax"LEne LE^wis LlagEkwe. Wa, hii^sta^mes gwE^yasEn
la^wuuEmx'da qa g"ax laLe," 'nex'^lae Qux"Elalaxes ompe Nenwa-
qawa^ye.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1235
Then the wife of NEnwaqawa, K' anelk' as, spoke, || and said, "0 75
my child, Qux'Elal ! don't feel badly in vain on account of what has
|
been done by your father to your husband, for he did this because
|
he was afraid of what he would do to your brothers! Look at
|
your brothers! They almost did not escape when they were
|
hunted by your husband. I mean this, what was found just out-
side of the place where your husband was seated." Thus she said, 80||
and showed Qux'Elal what she had found. Wlien Qux'Elal saw
|
what she was holding in her hand, she said, "That is one of the
|
whistles of my husband." Thus she said, and went to her father,
|
NEnwaqawa; and Qux'Elal said to him, "Hide it, for who should
|
own it except you? Now, let us go in the morning to our houseII 85|
to carry out everything that is in it, and also all the masks of my
husband and his brothers—
|
for they are all in their sacred rooms."
|
Thus she said. Then NEnwaqawa also spoke, and said, "Thank
|
you for what you have said, child ! Let us go in the morning, so 90
II
!
that my treasure may come to me " Thus he said. And after they
I
had spoken, Qux'Elal did not get dowialiearted in the evening, and
|
she did not talk any more about her husband and her child. This
|
|
made her father, NEnwaqawa, and his wife || and his three sons very 95
glad. In the evening, when it was dark, they went to bed; and|
Wii, la^lae gEUEmas NEnwaqawa-ye, yix K'anelk'ase yaqlEg'a^la,
Wa, la=iae ^nek'a: "Yul, xunok" Qiix'Elal, gwalaxu wul^Em xEn- 75
LEla ts!Ex'iles naqa^yos qa gwex-'idaasaxsox &saxes hVwunEmx'daos.
Henax'^Idaweso qaxs a^maex k'ek'altsela laxos gwex'^idaasex l6^
wiwuq!wa. Dax wiwuq!waxs halsEla'mae heldEk'axs g'axae qaqa-
^yasoses la^wunEnmx'daos. ^ne^nak'ilg'ada g'aelEk" lax L!as-alilas
k!wae^lasdases la^wiiuEmx'daos," ^nex'^laexs lae doqwamatses q!a 80
lax Qiix'Elale. Wa, gil^Em^awise Qux"Elale dox^waLElax daa-
kwas laaEl ^nek"a: "YuEm g'ayol lax mEdzesasEn la^wiinEmx'-
daox," ^nex'^laexs lae ts!as laxes ompe NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa, hVlae
^nek'a yLx Qux'Elale: "Weg'a q!ulal^IdEq", qa angwes .tx^edaq"
ogu^la laL. Wa, la^mesEn ^nex' qEus lalag'ix gaalaLa laxEnu^x" 85
g'ox"da, qaEus g"axlag'I mott!alaxa ^naxwa g"ex'g'ael laq Lo^ma
^naxwa yax"LEnsEn la^wunEmx'da le^wis ^nal^nEmwEyotdii, qaxs
^wi-'la^maa g'ex^g'ael laxes }elE^me^lats!ex'de," ^nex'^lae. Wii, la^lae
ogwaqa yaqlEg^a^le NEnwaqawa^ye. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "Gelak'as-
^lax'os waklEmaqos, xiinok". Es^maeLEns laLEx gaiilaLa qa g'iixla- 90
g'IsEn L5gweLa," ^nex'^lae. Wii, gil^Em^Lawise gwiile waldEmas lae
hewiixa^mo Qux'Elale xiils^idaxa dziiqwa. Wa, hewiixa^lae gwa-
gwex'sEx'^Id laxes lii^wunEmx"de LE^wis xun5x"de. Wii, heEm^la-
wis xEULEla la eg"Ems nenaqa^yas NEnwaqawa^ye LE^wis gEUEme
LE^wis yudukwe bebEgwanEm siisEma. Wii, g'iPm^iiwisiJ p!EdEx'- 95
stowldxa dzaqwaxs lae ^wPla kulx'^ida. Wii, g'il^Emliiwise nli^na-
1236 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAiaUTL [etu. ann. 36
97 when daylight came in the morning, NEnwaqawa called his four
|
children and his wife, K'anelk'as, and they ate quickly; and
| |
300 after they has eaten, they started. || And Qux'Elal went ahead, for slie
knew the good trail; therefore they told her to lead the way. And
|
here there was a good trail where they were walking. It was not
|
yet noon when they arrived at the house of Cannibal-at-North-End-
|
of-World. Then NEnwaqawa sat down at the right-hand side of
|
5 the door of the great house; and it made him feel senseless to see|| |
a great number of his tribesmen drying over the fire of the great
|
house. He was really downhearted on account of what he saw.
|
Tlien Qux'Elal noticed that her father was downliearted and she
; |
10 went to the place where NEnwaqawa was seated, and || spoke, and
said to her father, "Wliy are you downhearted?" And NEnwaqawa|
replied, and said to her, "The reason why I am sick at heart are
|
my tribesmen here." Thus he said. Then Qijx'Elal asked her
|
15 father, NEnwaqawa, to tell his three sons to || take down the bodies|
and to lay them out on their backs. Thus she said. Immediately|
NEnwaqawa asked his three sons; and the three sons took down the
|
dried bodies, and placed them in a row on their backs. And when
|
they all had been laid down, Qiix'Elal came, carrying a bladder of a
|
20 mountain-goat, wliich was fiUed with sometliiug. || She gave this to
97 ktilaxa gaalaxs lae NEnwaqawa^ye ^wFla gwex'^Idxes mokwe sasEma
LE^wis gEnEme K'anelk'ase. Wii, aEm^lawise halEmq!Esed ha,mx"-
^ida. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise gwal ha-mapExs lax'da^xwae ^wFla qas^ida.
300 Wa, la^me g'alaba^ye Qux'Elale qaxs ^nek'ae q'.alaxa ek"a tiEX'Ila.
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas ^nex'so^ qa^s ha t'.Ex'baye. Wa, alaEm^lawise
ek"a t'.EX'ila la qayasda^x". Wa, k' les^Em^lawise Lala qa^s uEqalexs
lae lag'aa laxa g"ox"das Bax"bakwalanux"slwaxde. Wa, laEm^la-
wise NEnwaqawa^ye kiwag'alit laxa helk'.otstalllasa tiEx'Ilasa
5 ^walase gokwa. Wa, heEm^lawis uEnolox^widayos naqa^yasexs lae
dox^waLElaxes g'okulotdaxs ladzek'asae x"ilElaLEla lax uEqostawasa
lEgwilasa ^willase g'okwa. Wa, la^me alak"!ala la ts'.Ex'iles naqa^ye
qaes dogOle. Wa, Wlae Qux'Elale q'.amx'ts'.exes ompaxs xulsae.
Wa, g'ax^lae Qux'Elale lax k'.waelasas NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa, hVlae
10 yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a laxes ompe: "^madzos xulyima-
q'.os," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae NEnwaqawa^ye na^naxmeq. Wa,
la^lae ^nek'Eq: "EsaeLEn yoEm tslEuEmsg'In naqe yixEns g'Skii-
lotdex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae axk'lale Qiix' Elalaxes ompe NEnwa-
qawa^ye qa S,xk' lalesexes yudukwe bebEgwauEm sasEm qa
15 ax^axElisexa bakwasde qa yipEmllle nEhiELela, ^nex'^lae. Wii,
hex'^ida^Em^awise NEnwaqawa'ye iLxk'Ialaxes yudukwe sasEma.
Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise yudukwe sasEms axaxElax'^Idxa bakwasde
qa^s nEl^alelEles ylpEiullla. Wii, g'il^Emliiwise ^wllg'alilExs g'axaas
Qiix'Elale dalaxa EL'.ExsEme texats'.esa ^mElxLowe. Wa, la^lae
20 ts!as laxes ompe. Wii, la^lae ^neka: "Wega xosEl^Entsg'a
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1237
her father, and said, "Now sprinkle the. water of life over our tribes- 21
|
men!" Immediately NEnwaqawa sprinkled the dried l)odies with
|
the water of life; and when the water of life touched the dried
|
bodies, they sat up, and rubbed their eyes with their hands, saying
|
that they had been asleep for a long time. Now, || the wliole tribe 25
of NEnwaqawa had come back to life. NEnwaqawa felt glad after
|
this. Now, he took all the masks and the red cedar-bark that were
|
in the various sacred rooms, eleven of them; for each one had a
|
sacred room except Rich-Woman, who had a sacred room together
|
with Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. || Now, NEnwaqawa observed 30
everything in the various sacred rooms; and NEnwaqawa asked
|
his tribesmen whom he had brought back to life to carry on their
I
backs the dressed elk-skins, the masks, and the large amount of
|
dried goat-meat; and they all went home, and Qux'Elal led || her 35
|
father and his tribe. It was not yet night when they came to the|
house. Immediately Qiix'Elal told her father, NEnwaqawa, to
|
give a winter dance, and that her three elder brothers should dis-
|
appear. Powedzid was to be Cannibal; and his younger brother,
|
Aek' !oqa, was to be Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door; and the youngest
son, Wak'as, was to be Fire-Dancer; "and I shall be Rich- 40II |
Woman; and you shall take the Healer-Dance and the One-Who-
|
Presses-Down, for the place of those I named is always with the
qlida^stak' laxEns g'okulotex," ^nex'^lae. Wii, hex'^idaEm'lawise 21
Nenwaqawa^ye klungELEyintsa qlula^sta laxa bakwasde. Wii,
g'll^maaEl lag'aaLElaxa q!ula^sta lax bakwasdaxs laaEl k'.wag'allla
qa^s dzEdzEx'stoweses a^yaso ^nek'Exs g'aelae mexa. Wii, laEm^lae
^wPla qlulax'^ida, yixa g'okQlotas Nenwaqawa^ye. Wa, la^me 25
ex'^ide n§,qa^yas NEnwaqawa^ye laxeq. Wa, la^me ax-ed ^wPlaxa
yax"LEne i.E^wa L'.eLlagEkwe g'ex'g'ael laxa ^naxwa ogu^(|rda lelE-
^me^lats'.esa ^nEmogug'uwax ^naxwa^mae lelE^me^lats!enokwa ogu^la
lax Q'.aminagasaxs ^nEmaes lE^me^lats'.e l6^ BaJCbakwalanux^si-
wa^ye. Wii, la^me NEnwaqawa^ye doqwalax gwex' gwaelasasa 30
oguqala lelE^me^lats!ii. Wii, la^mesLa axk"!ale NEnwaqawa^yaxes la
q!ulax"^idamatsE^wes g'okulote qa ^naxwa^mese oxLalaxa alaglme
LE^wa yax"LEne Lo^dzek"asa q!enEmex"ilk" ^mEl^mElq'.Ega^ya. Wa,
g'iixdzek'as^Em^lae ^wFla nii^nakwa. Wii, laEm^xae lieEm g-alag'i-
wa^ye Qilx'Elalases ompe LE^wis g'okttlote. Wa, k" !es=Em^lawise 35
giinoHdExs g'axae laxes g'okwe. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawise ^nek'e
Qux'Elalaxes 5mpe NEnwaqawa^ye qa yawix'iles qa x'is^edes
^nolast'.EgEma^yas yix Powedzide qa wag'es hamatsla; wa, he^mise
ts'.ii^yase Aek'!oqa qa weg'es NEnstalila; wa, he^mise iimil^yinxa^yas
siisEmase Wak^ase qa wiig-es Nonltse^stiilala. "Wa, nogwa^mes qEn 40
wag"i QIaminagasa. Wa, he^mises laLaos ax^etsol qa Hayalik'ilal
LE^wa Lalaxwela qaxs he^mae ^nami'lalotsa hamats'.En lax LeLEqE-
!
1238 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
cannibal-dance." Thus said Qux'Elal to her father, NEnwaqawa.
|
45 Then NEnwaqawa accepted the advice of Qux'Elal, and || NEnwa-|
qawa called the chiefs to go into his house late in the night. Wlien
|
all were in the house, NEnwaqawa spoke to the chiefs, and said,
|
|
" Thank you, chiefs ! The reason why I called you is that you may
know what has been said by our daughter. She says that these
|
50 four — she and her brothers, and two others, six in all, shallII | dis-
appear; that always those go together in the cannibal-dance. That
is the way of her former husband, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
|
World." Thus he said. Then PlasElal spoke, for he had come to
|
life again: "Wliat do you mean by your words, NEnwaqawa?
|
55 Who is Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World, || and what kdled him, and
what is this your speech that you should change the LEWElaxa?"
|
Thus he said. Then NEnwaqawa spoke again, and said, "O chiefs
| |
this pit back of you killed Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Now,
|
60 our four children shall disappear || this night, and two of our nieces."
Thus he said. Then the first winter dance of the SomxolidEx"
|
began that night, and the six persons disappeared that night.
|
Now, Qux'Elal secretly advised her father, NEnwaqawa, about the
I
waj^s of the dance. After (the six persons) had been away
| for four
65 months, they were captured. || And now Qux'Elal, the Kich-Woman,
43 lasE^wa," ^nex'^lae Qxix'Elalaxes ompe NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa, la^lae
alaEl nEqa lax naqa^yas Nenwaqawa^ye waldEmas Qiix'Elale. Wa,
45 la^lae Le^lale NEnwaqawa^j^axa g'ig'Egama^ye qa g'axes 'wi^la lax
g'okwasexa la gala ganoLa. Wa, g'lpEm^lawise g'ax ^wFlaeLExs lae
yaqlEga^le NEnwaqawa^yaxa g'lg'Egama^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"Gelak'as-la glg'Egame^; hedEn Le^laloL qa^s qialaosaxg'a waldEm-
g'asg'in tslEdilqEk" xunokwa, yixs ^ek'ek" qa x'ls^edesox ^wFlaxs
50 mokwaex le^wos wiwiiqlwax Lo^ ma^lokwa ogii^la laq", yixs q!aL!6x"-
ts!emasae ^nami-liilotasa hamats!ax'La lax gwex'sdEmas lii-
^wunEmx'dasox, yix Bax"bakwalanux"siwex'de," ^nex'^lae. Wa,
la-lae yaq'.Ega^la ytx P!asElale qaxs lE^mae q!ulax'^ida: "^wiiladzes
waldEmas NEnwaqawe^ yix Bax"bakwalanux"slwex"de ^nekaaqos;
55 wa, ^mase g'ayalasase lagilaosx'dexa. Wii, yokwaso^mds waidE-
mex. Weg'a qEns ogiix^idesox laxwa LEWElaxax," ^nex'^lae. Wa,
la^lae edzaqwa yaq!Eg'a^le NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a:
"Yol, g-igEgame^, yo^ma kwa^wile laxos aLalile g'ayalats Bayba-
kwalanux"siwex'da. Wa, la^mesox x'ls^edLEns sasEmex mokwaxwa
60 ganoLex EE^wa ma^lokm^a laxEns LOLalegasa," ^nex'^lae. Wa,
laEm^lawise g'alabEnd ls!ets!ex^ede g'aliisa SomxolidExwaxa
ganoLc, yixs lae x'ls^Ideda ql^iJokwaxa ganoLe. Wii, la^me aEm
wunala Lexs^ale QQx'Elalaxes ompe NEnwaqawa^3^e qa gweg'i^lats.
Wii, mosgEmg'ila^laexa '"mEkQla x'isillaxs lae kim^yasE^wa. Wii,
65 laEm^lae Qux'Elillexa Q!aniinagase qlElElaxa lfi,lenoxwe g'alag'I-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1239
carried in her arms a body, leading the Cannibal. And the Tamer 6G
|
went on the right-hand side of the Cannibal, and the Onc-Who-|
Presses-Down went on the left-hand side of the Cannibal, following|
the Rich-Woman, who was carrying the body in her arms; and the
same was done by the Fire-Dancer and the Grizzly-Bear-of-the-
|
Door, who were following the Rich-Woman, for each of these four|| 70
eats part of the corpse,— that is, the Cannibal and the Rich-Woman
|
and the Fire-Dancer and the Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door. But the.|
Tamer and the One-Wlio-Presses-Down do not eat of the corpse, they
sing their sacred songs. And the Rich-Woman first comes into the
|
house; and she is followed by the Cannibal and the two healers and
|
the One-Who-Presses-Down; then follows the Grizzly-Bear-of-the- 75II
Door, and, last of all, the Fire-Dancer. Then the Rich-Woman takes
|
off the head of the corpse and gives it to the Cannibal; and the|
Rich-Woman takes off the limbs of the corpse, and gives one leg|
each to the Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door and the Fire-Dancer, and she|
takes off one arm and eats it. || The Cannibal eats the whole head. 80
Then she takes the tnmk of the corpse with one arm on it, and (the
|
Cannibal) eats this. And while they are eating, their songs are
|
sung; and when all their songs have been sung, they go each into|
I
his sacred room. Only the Rich-Woman keeps with the Camiibal-|| 85
Dancer in the rear of the house. The whole number danced for fourI
wesa hamatsla. Wa, la^laeda Hayallk'ila helk'Iotagodalaxa hama- 66
ts'.a. Wa, la^lae Lalaxwila gEraxagodalaxa hamatslaxs lalasgE-
ma^yaax Qlaminag^saxs qlslElaaxa lalenoxwe. Wa, heEm^lawise
gweg'ileda Nonltse^staUile LE^wa NEnstallle lalasgEmexa Q!aniina-
gase qaxs ^naxwa^mae loUala mokwe, yixa hamatsla LE^wa Q!ami- 70
nfi,gase LE^wa Nfinstalile LE^wa NSnltse^stalale. Wa, la kMes lollale
Hayallk"ila lo^ Lalaxwila, yixs a^mae heniEndzaqula yiyiilaqulases
yiyalax"LEne. Wa, he^mise Q'.aminagase g'alaeL laxa g'okwe. Wa,
la lasgEma^ya hamats'.aq LE^wa ma^lokwe ylx Hayalik'ila lo^ Lala-
xwila. Wa, lii laeLe NEnstalile. Wa, la ElxLa^ya NSnhse^stalale. 75
Wa, la^me Q!aminaga,se axodEx xEweqwasa lalenoxwe qa^s ts!Ewes
laxa hamatsla. Wa, la a.xMa QIaminagasaxa LasLalasa l§,lenoxwe
qa^s tslawanaqexa NEnstalile LE^wa Nonltse^stalalasa g'og'Eguyowe.
Wa, la^lae ax5dxa apsoltsEyap !a^ye qa^s hamx^^ideq. Wa, la^lae
'wi^leda; hamatslaxa xEweqwaxs lae et'.ed ax^edxa bux"sasa \tle- 80
noxwe axalaatsa aps5}ts!ana^ye qa^s hS-mx-^ideq. Wa, gilEm^hiwise
^wi^lax"da^x"xes ha^ma^yaxs lae q'.EmL'.edayowe q!Emq!EmdEmas.
Wa, g'iUEm^awise ^wi^la qlEmtledayowe qlEmq'.EmdEmas laaEl
hox"ts!a laxes alogiigele lelE^me^latsIa. Lex'a^me Q!aminagase
qlap'.ael LE^wa hamats!a laxa nEqewalilasa g'okwe. Wa, la^me 85
moxsa ganoLe ytx"dEmas laxes ^waxaaae. Wa, g"il^mese yudux"-
1240 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
87 nights; and after they had danced for three nights, and when night
|
came again, then the Cannibal danced first; and after they had
|
90 sung three of his songs, he went into his sacred room, and
| || immedi-
ately the beak of the head-mask of Raven-at-North-End-of-World was
snapping. Aiad while the beak was snapping, the Tamer and the
| |
One-Who-Presses-Down sang their sacred songs inside of the sacred
room at each side of the house. Now they sang for the dance (of the
|
Raven) . And when he came to the door of the house, the Hox"hok"-
|
95 of-the-Sky || came out of his sacred room, and danced with the same
song that was used by Raven-at-North-End-of-World. AVhen
|
Raven-at-North-End-of-World came to the rear of the house,
|
Hox"hok"-of-the-Sky went to the door, and Croolved-Beak-of-the-
|
Skycame out of the sacred room and danced; and Raven-at-North-
|
400 End-of-World went into the sacred room, || and Hox"hok"-of-the-Sky
went to the rear. And then Crooke<l-Beak-of-the-Sky went to
|
the door and danced, and then Hox"hok''-of-the-Sky went into the
|
sacred room. And then Crooked-Beak-of-the-Sky went to the rear of
the house and danced, and went into the sacred room. Then the
| |
Cannibal came, danced around the fire in the middle of the house, and
5 went back into his 1| sacred room naked. The song-leaders had not
been singing his songs for a long time, when he came dancing out of
|
his room. Now he wore a blanket of black-bear skin, and plaited
|
87 p'.Enxwa^sa ganoLe yix"dEms, wa, la et'.ed ganoHda lae he g'll
j'ix-wideda hamatsla. Wa, g'U^mese yudux"sEme q'.Emt'.edayaq
lilxes q'.EmqlEmdEmaxs lae lats!alil laxes lE^me^lats'.e. Wa, hex'^i-
90 daEm^lawise qEmk!ug"a^leda hamslwa^yexa Gwax''gwaxwalanux"si-
wa^ye. Wa, lii, ^uErnx'^IdaEm qEmk!ug"al LE^wa Hayallk'ila i.o^
Lalaxwilaxs lae yeyalaqilla lax eots'.awases lelE^me^latsIe lax ^wax"se-
gwilasa g'okwe. Wii, la^me q!Emt!els6s qlEnidEmas. Wa, g'il-
^mese la^stollla laxa t'.Ex'ilaxs g'axae g'ax'^wiihs'.alil Hox^hogwiix-
95 tE^we laxa lE^me^ats'.e. Wa, la-me yixwas yu^masa g"alolts!alile
Gwax"gwaxwalanux"siwa^ye. Wii, g'U^mese la Gwax"gwaxwalanux"-
siwa^ye laxa ogwiwalile laase Hox"liog\vaxtE^we laxa tiExila. Wii,
g'axe g'ax^wutts!iilile GElogudza^ye liixa lE^me^ats'.e qa^s yix^wide.
Wa, lii lats!alile Gwiix"gwaxwiilanux"siwa^ye hlxa lE-me^lats!e. Wa,
400 lag'Eoiile H6x"hogwiixtE^we liixa ogwiwalile. Wii, la lastoliltj GeIo-
gudza liixa t!Ex ila qa^'sylx^wide. Wii, la lats!allle Hox"hog\v\ixtE^we
Uixa lE^me^latsle. Wa, la lag'EyolIIe GElogildza^ye liixa ogwiwalile
qa^s yix^wlde. Wii, lii latslalil liixa lE'miJ-latsIc. Wii, gaxeda
hilmats'.a la^stalilElaxa laqawallle qa^s le xwelaxtsla laxes lEme-
5 ^lats!e laxes xa^nalae. Wii, kMese gillaxs lae denx^Ideda nenagadiis
q!EmdEnias. Wii, g'iixe j^ix'wults!illilElaxes lE-me^la1s!e. Wii, la^me
^nEX^iinalaxa L!a^3'e la k' lEdEdzEwak" LlagEkwe 5,we^stils. Wa, la
iioAS] FAMILY HISTORIES. 1241
cedar-bark around it; and he wore a neck-ring of red cedar-bark; 8|
and his head-ring consisted of three parts, one on top of the other;
|
and he wore a mask named Tooth-Mask— Hit has an open mouth 10
hke the head of a dog, with large teeth — and this is in front of the|
head-ring. Under (the dog-head) is the face of a man, which is on|
the lower jaw of what looks like the head of a dog; and on each side|
is a man's skull; and behind, in the nape of the neck, there is a|
skull. And the Cannibal dances around the fire once, and goes into 15II
his sacred room of red cedar-bark; and when he goes into his sacred|
room, the Rich-Woman shouts, "Hai hai!" Then the song-leaders|
sing her song, and she comes dancing out of the sacred room of red|
cedar-bark. Her head-ring is red and white mixed, and also her|
neck-ring, and she wears a blanket of black-bear skin while she is 20||
dancmg around the fire in the middle of the house. And after she
has finished dancing with two songs, she cries, "Hai hai hai!" look-
|
ing upward. Then a great round rattle comes through the roof of|
the house; and when it falls to the floor, Rich-Woman takes hold of
|
it and swings it, and sings her sacred song, which she sings to quiet
|
herself; and when her sacred song is at an end, she puts down her 25ll
great rattle, which immediately goes up tlirough the roof of the
|
house. Then the song-leaders sing her other song; and when the|
|
song is at an end, she goes into the sacred room of red cedar-bark. |
qEnxalaxa LEkwe qEnxawe L!agEkwa. Wa, la qEx-Emalaxa hayu- 8
dux"ts!aqala leElx'En L!agEkwa. HeEm LegadEs g-ik"anagEmIe,
ylxs axalaeda aqalas sEms he gwex's x'omtsox ^wats'.e awawes gig'I 10
lax nEqewa^yasa qEx-Ema^ye. Wa, la axabaya goguma^yasa bE-
gwauEme lax oxLasx'a^yasa he gwex's x'omtsox ^wats'.ex. Wa, la
^wax'sanoLEmalaxa xEweqwasa bEgwanEme. Wa, la axaplalaxa
^uEme xEweqwa. Wii, c¥meseda hamats!a ^uEmp'.ene^stalllxa laqa-
walilaxs yixwaaxs lae latslalll laxes lEme^lats!e L'.aLlagEkwa. Wii, 15
g'il^mese lats'.alll laxes lEme4ats!axs lae haihaixeda Qlaminagase.
Wii, hi dsnx^ededa nen^gadiis qlEmdEmas. Wa, g^axe yix-wults'.a-
lilEhx laxa L!agEkume bme^latsle. Wa, la^me LEk" ^niElmaqEle
qEX'Ema^yas LEwes qEnxawa^yas. Wa, laEmxae Llaye ^uEx^flna-
^yas lae yixwa lii^stalilElaxa laqawallle. Wa, g'il^mese gwal yi- 20
xwasa ma^ltsEme qlEmqlEmdEmxs lae haihaihaixa ek'lEgEmala.
Wa, g"axeda ^walase loxsEm yadEn tex"sa lax saliisa g'okwe.
GiPmese g'iix^alllExs lae Qlaminagase dax'-'IdEq qa^s yatledesexs
lae yillaqwases q'.ule.x's^Em yalayo yiilax"LEna. Wa, giPmese
q'.ulbe yiilaqiilayas lae g'ig'alllasa ^walase yadEna. Wa, hex^^i- 25
da^mesa yadEne la elrle^sta qa^s lit lax'sa laxa salasa g-okwe. Wii,
la^me et'.ed dEnx^Ideda nenagadas waokwe q!EmdEms. Wii,
g'll^mese qlulba qlEmdEmas lae lats'.alll laxa LlagEkume lE^me%ts!a.
1242 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. sb
And then Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door cries "Nan nan nan ha ha ha!"
30 inside of the || sacred room at the ri<?ht-hand side of the door, and his
two wliistlcs sound. Tlien tlie song-leaders sing liis song, and he
|
comes dancing out of the sacred room. The pahns of his hands are
|
lielil downward as ho dances, going around tlie fire in the middle of
|
the house. And he stretches out his hands and his feet in the way the
Cannibal-Dancer does, and he does everything in the way of the
|
35 Cannibal-Dancer, also with his || mouth. And he has tied to his
head red cedar-barl\ mixed with white. His neck-ring is not thick,
|
red mixed with white. And after four songs have been sung, he
|
goes into his sacred room. Tlien the Fire-Dancer shouts, "Wai wai|
wai!" inside the sacred room, half way back to the rear of the left-
|
40 hand side of the house. Immediately the song-leaders sing hisII song,
and he comes in a squatting position backward out of the sacred
|
room, and goes around the lire in tlie middle of the house. Then he
|
turns his face towards the fire, stretches out his hands, trembling as
|
though he wanted to take fire. Wlien the song is at an end, he
|
45 cries, "Wai wai wai !" and at the same time his || two whistles sound.
Then he takes fire-brands and tlu-ows them about; and he does not
|
stop until the fire of the house is extinguished. He does this, being|
I
naked, and his cedar-bark liead-ring and neck-ring are not tliick.
| ||
50 Then he goes back into his sacred room. Then they build up the
|
Wa, la nan nan nan hahahaxeda NEnstalile lax otslawases lE^me-
30 £lats!e lax helk' lotstalihisa tiExila hek" lilies ma^ltsEme mEdzesa.
Wii, lil dEnx^Ideda nenagadiis qlEmdEmas. Wit, g'iixe ylx^wults!a-
lllfila liixes lEme^lats'.e haeqwales e^oyasowaxs yixwae lii^stalllElaxa
laqawallle. Wa, stllases a^yasowe he gwilleda hiimats'.a LE^wis
g'oguyuwe. HcEm gweg'ile gweg'ilasasa hiimats'.iix yixwae l6^
35 sEmsas. Wil, lii moguxLiilaxa ^niElmaqEla L!agEkwa. Wil, la k'!es
KEkwe qEnxiiwa^yas ^mElmaqEla LltlgEkwa. Wii, g'il^mese ^wFla
(lEnx^edayowe mosgEme q!Emq!EradEms lae latslalil laxes lE^me^la-
ts!e. Wa, la waiwaiwaixeda Nonltse^stiilale lax otsItVwases
lEme^lats!e laxa nEgoyalllasa gEmxodoyixllIasa g'okwe. Wii, lii
40 hex'^ida^ma nenagade dEnx^its q'.EindEmas. Wa, g'axe k'.wa-
^nakiilaxs g'axae k"!ax'^wults!alIlEla laxes lE^me^latsle. Wii, lii lit-
est alllElaxa laqawalllaxs lae L!iisgEmx'^Id liixa laqawalile
siihises ^wiix'solts!iina^ye e^eyasa xulequla dadaalaxa lEgvvUe. Wii,
gil^mese qlulba qlEmdEmas lae waiwaiwaixa ^uEmakMala
45 LE^wis ma^ltsEme msdzcsExs hek'liilae. Wii, la^me diix'^Idxa
x'lx'EXEnala Isqwa qa^s IslEqEme^staleq. Wii, al^mese gwiilExs
lae alax"^Id k'lElx'^ideda laqawalilasa g"6kwe. Wii, g'll-
^mese gwal liixes gwiilagilFlase liixes xanalae. Wii, la^me
^niixwa LlagEkwa klese LEk" qEx'imcs LE^wis qEnxawa^ye.
50 Wii, la^me xwelaxtslalil luxes lE^me^latsle. Wii, lii lElqox^wi-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1243
fire in the middle of the house. And after this has been done, the 51
Fire-Dancer cries again, "Wai wai wai!" inside the sacred room,
|
and the song-leaders sing his song. Now he comes dancing out
I |
of his sacred room, standing upright, and wearing a black-bear skin;
and after || they have sung his four songs, he goes into his sacred 55
|
room. Then the Tamer sings his sacred song inside of the sacred
|
room back of the middle of the house, on the left-hand side; and
|
immediately the song-leaders sing her songs. Then she comes
|
dancing out of her sacred room. She dances around the || fire in the 60
middle of the house. Her neck-ring is of red cedar-bark, of medium
size; and her head-ring is of broad and thin red cedar-bark. After
|
her two songs have been sung, she goes back into her sacred room.
I |
Then the One-Wlio-Presses-Down sings her sacred song in her sacred
room, which is back from the middle of the door, on the right-hand
|
side of the house. Immediately the song-leaders sing || her sacred 65
song, and she comes out. Her left hand is held flat
| over her eyes,
and with her right hand she feels of the floor of the house. Now she
|
dances around the fire in the middle of the house, and continues
|
singing aloud her sacred song as she is dancing. After they have
|
sung her two songs, she goes back into her sacred room. || Her red 70
cedar-bark head-ring and neck-ring are very thin.
|
|
tsE^weda laqawallle. Wa, g-tl^mese gwalExs lae Nonltse^stalale 51
edzaqwa waiwaiwaixa lax ots!awases lE^mc^lats!e. Wti, lii dEnx-
^ededa nonagadiis q!EmdEmas. Wil, la^me Lax^walaxs g'axae yix-
^wultslalllEla laxes lE^me^lats!e ^nEx^iinalaxa Llaye. Wa, g"il^mese
^wFla dEnx^edayowe mosgEme qlEmqiEmdEms lae la'slallt laxes 55
lE^me^lats!e. Wii, la^me yalaqwe liayalik'dases yalax"LEne lax
ots'.awases lE^me^lats'.e laxa nslk' lodoyalilasa gEmxotewalllasa go-
kwe. Wii, hex'^lda^mesa nenagade dEnx^Its qlEmdEmas. Wa, g'axe
yIx^wults!alrlEla laxes lE^me^lats!e. Wa, la^me yix"so^stalilElaxa laqa-
wallle. Wii, laEm helag'ite qEnxilwa^yas LliigEkwa. Wil, la ^wadzo 60
pEldzowe qEx'Ema^ya LlagEkwa. Wii, giPmcse ^wFla dEnx^Idayowe
ma^ltsEme qlEnujlEmdEms lae xwelaqa lats!axes h'/me^lats!e. Wii,
lii yillaqwe Lalaxwilaliixots!awases iE^me%ts!elaxnElk'!6doyalilasa
helk' !otewalilasa g-5kwe. Wa, hex'^ida^mesa nenagade dEnx^its
yiilaqfllayas Lalaxwila. Wii, g'axe LoxstEwexes gegEyagEsases gEm- 65
xolts'.iina^ye a^yaso. Wii, lii p'.exwases helk" lolts '.iina^ye liixa k^wl-
nagwllasa g"6kwe. Wii, la^me yix"se^stiilIlElaxa laqawalllasa g"6kwe
laxes hemEnala^mae hasEla yalaqiilaxs ylxwae. Wii, giPmese
^wl-la dEnx^edayoweda ma^ltsEme q!Emq!EmdEms lae latsliixes
lE^nie^latsIe. Wii, laEm Lomax'^Id wile qEnxawa^yas iJiigEkwa 70
LE^wis qEx'Ema^ye LliigEkwa.
1244 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITJTL [eth. ann. 3b
73 For four winters they danced four times each winter; and after
|
the four winters were over, they burnt the masks, and the sacred
|
75 rooms, || and the cannibal-pole, and the black-bear skin blankets.
|
They kept the head-rings and neck-rings of red cedar-bark. That is
|
the end of the story.
|
1 The front of the sacred room of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World
and Rich-Woman is covered over its whole width with red cedar-
I
bark. It stands in the middle of the rear of the house. The cannibal-
I
pole reaches through the roof of the house, and stands in front of the
|
5 sacred room of || Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World and Rich-Woman^
|
The front of the sacred room of Raven-at-North-End-of-World is
made of broad, short boards; and it is painted with the whole body
|
of a raven. It stands at the left-hand side' of the door of the house;
|
for it is said that Raven-at-North-End-of-World first picks out the
|
10 eyes of the food obtained by || Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World when
he comes in carrying in his arms the food he obtained, for Raven-at-
|
North-End-of-World eats only the eyes of all animals and men
|
caught by Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World. Therefore his sacred
|
room is near the door.
| ||
15 The front of the room of Hox"hok"-of-the-Sky is made of broad,
|
short boards; and the painting on the front is the body of the
72 Wii, la^lae mox^iinxelaxa ts!3.wunxe maemoplEna kwexElasE-
^waxa ^nal^nEmxEnxe tsISwunxa. Wa, giPmese gwala mox^unxe
tslawunxaxs lae ^wPla lEqwelasE^weda hehamslwa^ye LE^wa lelEme-
75 ^lats'.e LE^wa hamsp !eqe LE^wa LleLlEntsEme ^naEnx^fina^ya. Wa,
hlLa axelaxes qeqEx'Ema^ye L!eL!agEkwa LE^wis qeqEnxawa'ye L!e-
L!agEkwa. Wil, laEm labaxa nuyftme.
1 Wit, he^mae miiwilas lE^me^latsIas Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye lo^
Q!aminagS,sExs a^mae ^naxwaEm L'.agEkwa, yix 'wadzEqEmasas ylx
hae axela naqoLewalile. Wa, la Lax'ssile hamspleqas laxa saliisa
g'okwe, yixs Laelae lax Llasalllasa mawllasa lE^me4ats!as Bax"ba-
5 kwalanux"siwa^ye lo^ Q!amin<\gase.
Wa,he^mis mawilas lE^me-lats'.as Gwax"gwaxwalanux"siwa^ye,yixs
^wadzae ts!als!ax"sama. Wii, la k" !adEdzalaxa sEniila gwa^wFna
lax gEmxotsalllas t'.EX'ilasa g'okwe qaxs he^maalae Gwax^gwaxwa-
lanux"slwa^ye gil LEnltodEx gegE^yagEsasa ha^moLanEmas Bax"ba-
10 kwalanux"slwa^yaxs gaxae qlslElaxes ha^moLanEme qaxs lex^a-
^maaEl ha^mas Gwax"gwaxwalaimx"slwa^ya gegEbfiloxsta^yasa ^na-
xwaxg'tlg'aomas LE^wa bEgwanEme ha^mek"EyalanEms Bax"bakwa-
lanux"slwa^ye. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas he la Is^me^latslasexa max'sta-
^yasa t'.Exila.
15 Wa, he^mise mawilas lE^me-lats'.as Hox"hogwaxtE^we, yixs §,^mae
^wadzo ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, la k'adEdzalaxa SEnala hox"hokwa, yixs
Right and left in these descriptions are determined by one standing in the doorway and looliing
toward the rear of the house. The water of life is in the right rear corner.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1245
Hox^hok". The sacred room of the Hox-hok^-of-the-Sky is at the 17
I
right-hand side of the Sacred room of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-|
World, for he uses the cannibal head-mask. ||
|
The sacred room of Crooked-Beak-of-Heaven is made of broad, 20|
short boards; and the painting on it is the body of Crooked-Bealc-of-
Heaven. The sacred room of Crooked-Beak-of-Heaven is placed at
|
the left-hand side of the sacred room of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-
|
World, for he uses the cannibal head-mask.
|
The front of the sacred room of Grizzly-Bear-o£-the-Door is made
of broad, short boards; and the painting on it is a man with 25|II
grizzly-bear paws for hands. The claws are very long. The sacred|
room of Grizzly-Bear-of-the-Door is at the right-hand side of the
door of the house.
|
|
The sacred room of Fire-Dancer is just made of short, broad 30||
boards; and the painting on it is the kingfisher. The sacred room|
of the Fire-Dancer is in the middle of the left-hand side of the|
house.
I
The sacred room of the Beggar-Dancer is made of broad, short|
boards; and the painting on it is a man with a raven on each side. 35||
The sacred room of the Begging-Dancer is placed in the middle of
|
the right-hand side of the house.
|
hae ^xele mawilas lEme^latslas Hox"hogwaxtEwa^ya helk" lodEnoLE- 17
malllas mawilas lE^me^lats !as Bax"bakwalanux"sTwa^ye qaxs he^mae
hamsiwese.
Wa,he^mise mawilas lE«me^lats!asGElogiidza^ye, yixsa^mae^wadza 20
ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, la k- ladEdzalaxa sEnala GElogudza^ya, yixs
hiie ftxela mawile lE^me^lats'.as GrElogudza^ye gEmxanoLEmalilas ma-
wilas lEme-lats!as Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye qaxs he^mae hamsiwese.
Wa, he^mise mawilas lE^me^lats!as NEnstalile. Wa, laEnixae
^wadzo ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, lakMadEdzalaxa bEgwanEme. Wa, la 25
LEgayosa nanes e^eyasowe. Wa, la ^la g-tlsg'ilt!es gegats!Eme, yixs
haeaxele mawilas lE^me^lats!as NEnstallla helk" !otsti,lilasa t'.EX'llasa
g'okwe.
Wa, he^mise mawilas lE^me^lats!as NSnltse^stalale, yixs a^mae ^wa-
dzo ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wa, lii k" ladEdzMaxa k"!EdElawe, yixs hae 30
axele mawilas lE^me4ats!as Nonltse^stalala nEgoyalilasagEmxodoya-
lilasa g'okwe.
Wa, he^mise mawilas lEme^lats'.iis Q!weq!wasElale, yixs ^wadz&,e
ts!ats!ax"SEma. Wa, la kMadEdzalaxa bEgwanEme. Wa, la wax'-
sanoLEmalaxa gwagu^wi^na yixs hae &xele mawilas lE^me^lats'.as 35
Q'.weqlwasElala nEgoyalllasa helk" !odoy§,lItasa g"okwe.
1246 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. asn.35
37 The sacred room of the Tamer is made of pure hemlock-branches,
|
and nothing else. The sacred room of the Tamer is placed back
|
of the middle of the left-hand side of the house. ||
40 The sacred room of the One-Who-Presses-Down is made of short,
broad boards; and on it hangs a great neck-ring of red cedar-bark,
|
|
one fathom across, and four spans thick. The sacred room of
| |
One-Who-Presses-Down is placed back of the middle of the right-
45 hand side of the II house.
|
The sacred room of Copper-Sound-Woman is made of broad,
|
- short boards; and the painting on it is the moon, with a great frog
|
inside. It is placed in front of the left-hand side of the house.
| ||
50 The sacred room of the Mamaq !a is made of short, broad boards;
|
red cedar-bark is spread over it, and a human figure of hemlock-
|
branches stands on it. It is placed in front of the middle of the
|
right-hand side of the house. That is all about this.
| ||
55 The song sung by NEuwaqawe before he told the story to make
|
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World sleep: —
|
" I wonder what story should I tell you, my grandchildren ! Maybe
it will be this, about the one who walked about under the trees of|
the mountain with a cloud hanging half way up on it."
|
37 Wa, he^mise mawilas lE^me^lats !as Hayalik'ila, yixs a^mae sayoq"
q'.waxa, k'leasogMa laq, yixs hae axele mawilas lE^me^latslasHaya-
lik'ile ^nElk' '.odoyalllasa gEmxodoyalllasa g'okwe.
40 Wil, he^mise mawilas lE^me^latsIils Lalaxwila, yixs wadzae ts!a-
ts!ax"sEma. Wa, la tegudzaya^walase qEnxawe L!agEk" laq. ^nEm-
p !Enk" laxEns baLax yix ^wadzEqawIlasas. Wii, la^lae mop lEnx'se^sta
laxEns q'.waqlwax^tslana^ye yix ^wag'idasas. Wii, la hae axele ma-
wilas lE^me^lats'.as Lalaxwila ^nElk" lodoyalilasa helk" lodoyalllasa g"o-
45 kwe.
Wii, he^mise mawilas lE^me^latsIas LliiqwakMalaga, yixs ^wadzae
ts!ats!ax"sEma. Wii, lii k' liidEdzalaxa ^mEkiila. Wa, lii ^wiilas
wiiq !iise ots !awas, yixs hiie axela gwak' lodoyalllasa gEmxanegwilasa
g'okwe.
50 Wii, he^mise mawilas lE^me^IatsIasa Miimaq'.a, yixs wadzae ts!a-
ts!ax"sEma. Wa, la LEbEdzoya L'.agEkwe laq. Wii, lii bEkwe^lakwa
q'.waxe la LadzEweq, yixs hiie axela mawile lE^me^lats!as gwak' lodo-
yalllasa helk"!6tstiilllasa g"6kwe.
Wii, laEni ^wl^la laxeq.
55 NEiiwaqa^we q'.EindEmxs k"!es^mae nos^id qa mex^edes Bax"ba-
kwiilanux"slwe^ —:
" ^masLexanosxs noyaml qantso ts!ox"LEmao. HeEiiiLetsxanos
aaeyokillsElaxe Laots q!6q!wasax Engwala liix q!oyEwa^yasea."
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1247
What the Awlk' !enox" people say is very difficult; for they do not ||
tell the same thing ahout the numaym of NEnwaqawa, for they all 60
|
claim that he belongs to tlieir ancestors. Some of the chiefs of the
|
Awik' !enox" claim that he belongs to the Tslsyogwlmoxwe^; and
|
other chiefs say that he belongs to the numaym SomxolidEx"; and
|
one of them, who I think speaks the truth, |! said that he belonged to 65
the SomxolidEx", and he said that the numaym of the father of
|
the wife of NEnwaqawa were the Ts lEyogwimoxwe^. I think it is
|
true what he said. The first name of the wife of NEnwaqawa was
|
TiEneg'a. This means "the door in the rear of the dancing-
|
house." Later on she was called Kanelkas. Ij And the name of the 70
eldest of the sons of NEnwaqawa was TEwix'Eme before he met
|
Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ; and when Cannibal was dead,
|
his name was Q!omoyuLe; and afterwards his name was Powedzid;
|
and when Powedzid came to be a chief, his chief-name was
|
QlomoyuLe. The || first name of the younger brother of TEwIx'Eme 75
is not known: he was called Aek' !oqa. The name of the youngest
|
brother of the three is known: his first name was GOna
| before he
met Cannibal-at-North-End-of-Worid, and afterwards his name was
|
Wak'as. When I the two elder brothers became chiefs, liis name
G"aEm laxwala w&,ldEmsa Awik'lenoxwe, ylxs k"!easae nEqalas
waldEmas qa ^uE^memots NEnwaqawa^ye, qaxs ^naxwa^mae lenE- 60
map!a qa^s g'lhiokwes. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas ^nek'eda waokwe g'lgEga-
mesa Awik' !enoxwaqexs Ts!EyogwImoxwae. Wa, la ^nek'eda ^nEmo-
kwe g'Igameqexs S5mxolidExwae ^nE^memotas NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa,
^nEmox"^mesEn k'odEle ales waldEm g'axEiiEasa bEgwaiiEma, yixs
^nek'aaqexs SomxolidExwae ^nE^memotas NEnwaqawa^ye. Wa, la- 65
^lae Ts lEyogwImoxwe ^nE^memotas ompas gEUEmas NEnwaqawe
Wa, Ieu ^nek"Ex ala waldEmas. Wii, g'a^mes LegEm g'ils gEUEmas
NEnwaqawa^ye TlEneg'a, yixs hae gwebalaatsa LegEme t!Ene-
g'a^yasa ts!agats!e g'okwa. Wa, al^mese LegadEX'nts K'anelk'ase.
Wii, liVlae Legade ^nolast !EgEma^yas sasEmas NEnwaqawa^yas Tewi- 70
x'Eme, yixs k"!es^mae bak'6 Lo^ Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye. Wa, la
lE^le Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye la LegadEs Q!5moyuLe. Wa, la
alagod LegadEs Powedzide. Wa, haEmxaawise gwalaxs lae g'iga-
mex'^ide Powedzide, wa la^me g'igExxalax Q!omoyuLe. Wa, het'.a
k"!esq!ale g"ala LegEms ts!a^yas TEwix'Eme, ylx AekMoqa. Wii, 75
het'.a q!ale LegEmas ama^yinxa^yasa yudukwe ^iiE^mema, yixs
he^mae gil LegEmse Giina, yixs kMes^mae bak'o lo^ Bax"bakwa-
lanux^siwa^ye. Wa, la iil^Em LegadEX'^its Wiik'ase. Wii, la g'lg'E-
g&mex'^ide ma^lokwe ^iio^nElasexs lae LegadEX"^Its Lo^ya lax gweg'i-
|
1248 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
80 was Lo^ya, for according to the ways || of the Indians, they change
their names when they give away property. Now Q lomoyui.e was|
chief of the SomxolidEx", and Aek' !oqa was chief of the Ts!eogwI-
|
moxwe^, and Lo^ya was chief of the TslEyoedEx", who are hving
|
at the head of tlie lake of Wanuk", the river of the Awlk' !enox".|
85 Now I think I have answered what you liave || asked about, friend.
|
This is what the wife of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World said when
she called her husband, when the tlaree brothers went into the
|
house of Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World:
I —
"Comeback, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World,
|
"Come back, Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World ! thegame thatcame
90 to your house went home, || Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World."
|
Now, at last, this is finished.
|
SO lasasa bak!umaxs hemEnala^mae Llayoxes LCLEgEmaxs plEsedae.
Wit, laEm^lae glg&ma^ye Q!5moyuLesa SomxolIdEx". Wii, la^lae
g-IgS,ma^ye AekMoq^sa Ts'.Eyogwimox". Wa, la^lae g'lgiima^ye
Lo^yasa Ts!Ey6edEx", ylxs hae g'Qkiile oxLalesasa dzE^lalas was
Wanukwe, ylx wasa AwikMenox". Wii, lax"st!aax"^mEn ^wFla
85 na^nax^mexes ^naxwi^lalos q!aq!e^staasE^wa g'axEn, qast.
G'aEm waldEms gEUEmas Bax"bakwalanux"siwa^ye lae Le^lalaxes
la^wiinEmaxs lae hoquwElse yudukwe wiwuq'.was lax g'okwas
Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^yeg'a:
" X'alax"s Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ya,
90 "X'alax's Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ya lanaxwilas wax'deos sagiinsa,
Bax"bakwalanux"slwa^ya."
Wa, lawesLa gwal laxeq.
boas) family histories 1249
Legend of the Naxnaxu^la, Qweq"sot !enox"
Once upon a time, during a famine in Hada, many people died.
Among the survivors was a young virgin who had a sister married in
a distant village. One day she thought, "I will go to my sister: she
may have food to spare." So she started off, carrying her clothes in a
bundle on her back. She walked day and night. Every morning
she arose early, and before continuing her journey she bathed, in
order to purify herself. She expected to meet on the way some kind
of supernatural being. One night, after she had gone to sleep, she
dreamed that a handsome man came to her and addressed her with
kindly words. She could not sleep on account of her dream, and
very early in the morning she washed her body with hemlock-
branches. She went on the whole day until night fell. Then she
stopped by a small stream. Again she rubbed her body with hem-
lock-branches.
In the evening of that day she saw her elder sister coming towards
her. The elder sister asked at once for some food, for she had nothing
but a few dry salal-berries to eat. The younger sister replied, "We
have nothing to eat at home, and all our people have starved to
death: therefore I left and came to see you, for I hoped to get some-
thing to eat from you. I have just one small piece of salmon-
spawn to sustain me on my journey." With these words she took
out of her bag a piece of dried salmon-spawn as long as her forefinger,
and broke it in two. She gave one-half to her elder sister, and they
ate it with the dry salal-berries. After they had eaten, the elder
one told how all the people of her village had also died of starvation.
They lay down to sleep. After a short while the younger sister
saw a handsome man coming towards her. She did not stir, and the
man walked straight on to her and lay down by her side. He said,
"Is it true that your people have starved to death for lack of food?"
The virgin did not hesitate to answer. She said, "It is true. There-
fore I went to see my sister, hoping to get food from her; but I see
that she is just as much in need as I am, for she told me that there is
no food in her village." Then the handsome man seemed to be very
sorry for her. He said, " To-morrow morning I shall make a salmon-
weir for you. Then you wiU have plenty of food." lie became the
husband of the virgin. Early in the morning he gathered small
sticks and spruce-roots. With these he tied the sticks together,
making a salmon-trap. Before long it was finished, and he put it
into the stream. Then the salmon rushed into it and filled it. He
took them out of the weir, and the two sisters cut them open and
roasted them. They ate some, and now they were well supplied
with food.
75052—21—3.5 eth—pt 2 30
1250 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.35
The handsome man stayed with the two sisters. One morning he
went out into the woods, and ere long came home with four black
bears. The next morning he went out and ere long came home with
four mountain-goats. He made a box of cedar-boards to steam the
goat's meat, and the sisters made baskets of spruce-roots to carry
meat and salmon. One day the handsome man went into the woods,
and before long he came home with a large black bear. Oh, they
say its fat was four fingers thick. Now they were busy; for they had
much meat to dry, and the fat of the bear to try out. The man went
to sleep early in the evening, and before daylight he arose and went
out of the house. Before noon he came home with four large moun-
tain-goats. He told his wife to slice the meat and to dry it with the
skin. He asked her to take the wool off, to spin it, and to make a
blanket. Then he built a house and a storeroom, which soon was
full of dry salmon and of smoked and dried meat. After some time
the young woman gave birth to a boy. The man washed the child.
Then he stepped on the boj''s toes, and, holding liis Uttle hands, he
pulled him up four finger-widths. Therefore the child grew four
finger-widths on the first day. On the following day the man
washed the boy again. Then he put the child's feet on the floor,
he stepped on liis toes, and pulled liim another four finger-widths.
Now the cliild had grown eight finger-widths in two days.. On the
third day he washed the boy in cold spring-water and then pulled
him up one span. Now the boy was able to walk. On the fourth
day he bathed the boy again, and pulled him up by two spans. Now
the boy had become a young man.
In winter, when the snow was deep, the man made suowshoes for
his son. He told him to put them on and hunt bears on the moun-
tains. The young man went out that morning, but he came home
without having seen any game. Then his father looked at the snow-
shoes. He discovered that he had made a mistake in making them.
Therefore he made a new pair, and sent his son to go again. Before
he had gone far, the young man saw a bear, which he killed with his
arrows. He skinned it, and carried home the skin and one leg. He
sent his father to bring the rest.
Now the mother of the young man spoke, and said, "I think it is
time for us to give a name to our son. His name shall be Ex'sokw'i-
^lax"sa ^naxwa hauLlenox" (Prettiest-Hunter)." On the follow-
ing day the man went hunting. After a short time he returned with
four mountain-goats which he had killed. He told his son that he
had seen many mountain-goats on the other side of the mountain,
and he sent the young man to hunt them. The new snowshoes
enabled the youth to chmb steep mountains and shppery ice. Tlie
man also opened a cedar-bark basket which he kept under his arm,
and took out of it two objects that looked like snails. One was red
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1251
and the other one was black. He put them on the snow, and said,
"Red, red, red, red!" and the red one grew up to be a large dog.
Then he said, "Black, black, black, black!" and the black one grew
to be a large dog. Then he slapped them, and at once they became
as small as snails; and he put them back into the cedar-bark basket,
which he gave to his son. He said to him, "Whenever you see a
mountain-goat; take out the red dog, put it on the ground, and say
' Red !' four times, then it will grow to full size and wiU kill the goats
for you. When it comes back, slap it, and it will get small again.
If you see a bear, take out the black dog and do the same to it. If
there are many goatsi, take out both dogs. The red one will go to
the right, and the black one to the left, and they will drive the goats
into the water." He also gave a pole to his son, and said, "With this
pole you will climb the mountains." A piece of quartz was attached
to the point of the pole. The man said, "If you come to a place
where you can not set your foot, just strike the rock with the crystal.
Then there wiU be a hole."
After the young man had received all these things from his father,
he left. He went to the mountains ; and as he was going up, he saw a
great man, Grouse, who seemed to be friendly, and who asked the
youth what he was doing there. The young man replied, "I am
himting mountain-goats and bears." The Grouse said that he also
was hunting mountain-goats. Then the youth asked Grouse what he
used for killing the goats. Grouse replied that he caught the goats
by running after them, and Grouse also inquired of the youth regard-
ing the way he did when hunting goats. The young man rephed, "I
also run and catch them." Then they walked together until they
saw many goats feeding on the mountain at Sutlege Canal; and the
young man said to Grouse, "Now, kill them! I shall have the next
herd we see." Then Grouse took a root from a little basket hanging
on his side. He chewed it and spat ota the palms of his hands.
Then he clapped them together four times, and all the goats rolled
down the side of the mountain, dead. They went on, and soon they
saw many goats on a steep cliff. "Now," said Grouse to the young
man, "let me see how you kill goats !" The young man took out his
two dogs, put them on the ground, and called four times "Red !" and
four times "Black!" Then the dogs grew up to full size, ran up the
mountain, drove all the goats into the river, and killed them all.
Then the young man put on his snowshoes and walked up the cliff.
When Grouse saw this, he was frightened and left him. Ex'sokwi^lak"
returned to his father, Q!omg'ilaxya^6, who inquired of him whether
he had seen anything. He knew already that^his son had met
Grouse. Then the youth told his father what had happened, and his
father praised him for his bravery.
1252 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ietu. ann. 35
After some time Q !6mg' ilaxya^o said to his wife and to her sister,
"Your brothers are coming to look for you, therefore I must hide in
the woods," for he could see everything from far away. He went into
hiding, and before long the four brothers of his wife arrived. They
were surprised when they saw the house full of meat. The young
woman asked her four brothers to sit down, for she wanted to feed
them, because she knew that they were hungry, and she gave them
mountain-goat meat. And after they had eaten, they rested that
day. In the morning of the next day they went home, each taking a
load of smoked meat with them. As soon as they had left the house,
Q!omg"ilaxya^o came in, and his wife told him that her brothers
wanted her and her sister to return home, and that they were coming
back the next day to fetch her. Then he laughed, and said, " Then
we shall have to part. Go to your home, and I shall return to my
home." He staid with his wife that night, and told her to take care
of herself ; for, if she broke one of the rules he gave her, great trouble
would come to her. Early in the morning he disappeared, and very
soon the four brothers of his wife and many other people came.
While they were packing up all the meat, the son of the young woman
came in. He seemed to be very glad to see his uncles, and he was
wilhng to go with them. The people took up their loads and went
home to XEkwek'En. The people were stiU without food: therefore
they brought dressed elk-skin blankets, slaves, and canoes, to buy
mountain-goat meat. The chiefs even sold their daughters for food.
The young man kept on hunting bears and mountain-goats, and
he was getting rich very fast. Very soon he gave away property to
his people. Thus he became a head chief of the tribe.
A supernatural being in heaven saw that Ex' sokwi^lak" was a great
hunter. The supernatural being tried to capture the hunter: there-
fore he called one of his slaves and threw ashes over him. Then the
slave was transformed into a grizzly bear. His master sent him up
the river of XEkwek'En. Wlien he was going up, he came out on the
beach near the house of Ex"sokwi^lak", because he wanted to be seen
by the great hunter. As soon as Ex'sokwi^lak" saw the bear, he
gave chase. The bear went up a steep mountain: and the hunter
put on his snowshoes, took his dogs and his long pole, and ran after
him. The bear climbed up to a point called Frog Point (Wuxetbe^).
There is a very steep and shppery cliff without a footing. Neverthe-
less the hunter passed the dangerous place, and saw the great bear
ahead of him going into a large house. Then the hunter went to the
outside of the house and hstened. He heard many people singing
inside. They sang: "Prettiest-Hunter is picking the bone of my
neck ("Ex'sokwi^lax"sa ^naxwa hauLlenox" ebELElalaxg'in xaqlE-
xawek')." He could not enter the house, and had to go home. He
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1253
lost the bear, because he had transgressed the rules laid down by his
father. He felt very sorry for having lost the bear.
Then he thought that he had once seen a very pretty girl, a daughter
of the cliief of the DzawadEenox", whose name was Leader-of-all
Warriors (Waleba^ye) . Ex' sokwi^lak" wished to marry her. There-
fore he asked her father's consent. When the chief saw that he
seemed to be a good-natured young man, he let him marry his
daughter.
Ex' sokwi^ak" had a brother-in-law, Born-to-be-a-Spearsman
(Ale^winoxwi^lak") , who was a sea-otter hunter. He used to go out
early every morning to spear sea-otters, and sometimes he would kill
many, sometimes he would not get any. So one day Ex'sokwi^lakn
asked his wife if he might accompany her brother. When she had
given her consent, he got ready and went aboard the spearsman's
canoe. Then they started for Moving-Island (^makwi^ala ^mEk'ala).
Ex'sokwi4ak" saw many sea-otters on the island, and asked his
brother-in-law to put him ashore, for he wanted to kill them with
his club. When his brother-in-law had put him ashore, he found a
fine club which his father had put there. He ran towards the sleeping-
place of the sea-otters, and killed every one of them. His brother-in-
law, who had not killed any, became angry. Therefore he deserted
Ex's6kwi4ak", who had to stay on the island without food and
water. On the fourth day, while he was sleeping, some one came
and said, "I have been sent by the chief to call you into his house;"
and when he woke up to see who was speaking to him, he did not see
anyone. Then he covered his head with his cedar-bark cape; and
he was just about to go to sleep again, when he heard the same voice
saying to him, "I have been sent by the chief to call you into his
house." Then he looked about again to see who was calling. Since
he did not see anyone, he thought, "I am going to die, for I am only
thinking of what I am wishing to see." Then he lay down to sleep
the third time; and as soon as he began to doze, the same voice
spoke, and said, "I have been sent by the chief of this island to caU
you into his house." He tried to open his eyes while this soft voice
was speaking, but he could not do it until it stopped. Then he said
to himself, " I will bite a hole through my cedar-bark cape aind look
through it, I will not go to sleep this time." He bit a piece out of his
cedar-bark cape, through which he could look. Before long he saw
the top of the island open. A small man came out towards him,
pushed him, and said, "I have been sent by the chief, Qlomogwe,
to call you into his house;" and before he disappeared, Ex'sokwi-
^lak" spoke to him, and said, "Ah, friend! I saw you long before you
spoke. Now, wait, and let me follow you into the good chief's
house!" And then he got up and followed him into the house. He
1254 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etei. axn. =j
saw the great chief of the sea sitting in the rear of the house, and there
were many seals and sea-lions crawling about inside. These were
the servants of the great chief. The hair-seals were the dogs of the
house. The great chief asked the food-keeper of the house to feed
Ex'sokwi^lak", and they asked him what he would like to eat. The
listener of the house said, "He wants to eat a piece of your dog;" for
the hstener can hear your thoughts, and Ex" sokwi^lak" wished to eat
a piece of seal. So they killed a small seal, cut it up, and cooked it.
Then they gave some of it to him; and he began to eat it, for he was
very hungry. After he had eaten, the speaker of the chief asked him
whether he was a shaman and could cure the head slave of the chief,
who had been taken ill when he went out to get food for the great
chief. Ex'sokwi^lak" thought, "I will say that I am a shaman;"
and the listener of the house said, "He thinks he will say that he is a
shaman." Then he was asked to look at the sick one. He saw the
bone point of a spear in the man's side. Then he thought, "I wish
they would give me that canoe and spear for heahng this sick man!"
At once the listener said, " He wishes our great chief to give him that
canoe and the spear after he has healed this sick man." Then the
great chief spoke, and said, "I value my hunter more highly than
canoe and spear. He shall have them, and more than that, if he
cures my hunter." Then Ex'sokwi^Iak" sat down by the side of the
Sea-Lion, and pretended to feel for the sickness. Now and then he
would push in the spear-point, and the sea-lion would groan from
pain, and then he would pretend to suck the side in which the spear
stuck. The fourth time he bit the spear-point, pushed it in, and then
pulled it out. Then the Sea-Lion said, "This is a true shaman, for I
felt the sickness leave my body. Now my chief will give him the
canoe." When the chief heard that Ex'sokwi^ak" had cured his
servant, he gave him the hunting-canoe with the serpent-spear, the
paddle, and the food-box that is never empty, and the death-club, the
point of which burns hostile villages, and the water of life. The great
chief also gave him his house and his name, Chief-of-the-Open-Sea
(G' ag' eqeyak' ) . Then the young man, Ex' sokwi^lak", became home-
sick, and thought, "How shall I let them know that I am homesick?"
Then the hstener of the house said, "The great shaman is homesick."
Thereupon the great chief of the house spoke to his slaves, and said,
"Take down the hunting-canoe, and put aboard all that I promised
to the great shaman, including this house. Let it become as small as
a young woman's berrying-basket, and put it aboard. Then let the
great shaman go aboard. Cover his face before you let him go to the
upper world. One of you shall take him up." The Sea-Lion that he
had cured said to him, "Ah, Great-Shaman! go aboard your self-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1255
paddling canoe, and cover your face, that you may not see the trail
that leads to the upper world." Then Ex'sokwi^lak" pulled his
blanket over his face. The Sea-Lion jumped into the canoe, and
said, "Paddle!" At once Ex'sokwi^lak" heard the sound of pad-
dhng on the sides of his canoe. Soon the noise stopped. Then the
Sea-Lion said, "Shaman, look up!" for that was now the name of
Ex'sokwi^lak". Then he looked up to see where he was, and he
found himself close to the village of his enemy. He resolved to try
his baton to see if it would set fire to the village. He extended it
towards the village, and in a short time all the houses were on fire.
When the people tried to run away, he extended the death-bringer
baton towards them, and they were transformed into rocks. After
all had been killed, he asked the Sea-Lion to show him how to use his
canoe. The Sea-Lion said, "Just say 'Go ahead!' Then all the
paddles will obey you. When you want to stop, only say, 'Stop!'
then they will stop." After the Sea-Lion had spoken, he jumped
overboard and went home. Ex' sokwi^lak" went to the village.
Then he saw some of his friends and his wife turned into rocks.
This made him feel sorry. Therefore he tried his water of life. He
took it out of the bladder of hair-seal in which it was, and sprinkled
it on his wife, who rubbed her eyes and said that she had been sleep-
ing. Afterwards she saw that her husband was bringing his friends
back to life. Then she knew that she had been dead and had been
resuscitated. Her husband brought most of her friends back to life,
except those that had left him on the island. After he had done so,
he took the house out of the canoe and put it down in the middle of
the village, where it grew up to its full size. Now he was the head
chief of the tribe. On the fourth day after his return he went aboard
his self-paddling canoe. He told the great canoe to go ahead towards
an island where hair-seals go to take a rest. As soon as he approached
the island, his spear went overboard, turned into a serpent, and swam
ashore to where the hair-seals lay. The serpent went from seal to seal,
kiUing them. After it had killed all the seals, it swam back towards
the great canoe. The owner took it aboard and put it down in the
bow of the canoe. Then Ex'sokwi^lak" went ashore and took all
the seals aboard his canoe, and they were enough to fill it. He went
home and gave a seal feast to his people. Now his people treated him
as a chief, and he went hunting sea-otters, which he gave to his
people. Therefore he was well liked.
1256 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eiu. a.n.n. 35
StOKY of the NaENSX'A of THE KOSKIMO
1 The ancestors of the NaEnsx'a were hving at Mslad. They were|
catching sockeye-saUnon. Their chief was LElbEyos. He had a son|
Waned. Waned owned a large dog, and the name of the dog was
|
5 NEsa. There were many dogs of the ancestors of the numaym
II |
NaEnsx'a of the Koskimo. Waned was glad because all the dogs
|
were yelping on account of what was done to them by the dog of]
Waned, for he always set him to fight the others. Now the heads
| ||
10 of the dogs of the ancestors of the NaEnsx'a were very sore. Then
Waned was glad on account of what his dog, Nssa, did to all of
|
them, when he was biting them. Now Waned lay down, and did
I
not arise in the morning, and in vain he was called by his parents.
| |
15 Waned did not pay any attention to them. In the || afternoon a
man came into the door of the house of LElbEyos, the father of
|
Waned, and the man just went to the bedroom of Waned, and of|
|
the dog, and the man said, "I call you, Waned, with your dog, on|
20 account of our friends." Thus he said. || Immediately Waned arose
and followed the one who was sent to call him. They went to the|
Stokt of the Naensx'a of the Gosgimux"
{Koskimo dialect)
1 G'oktila^lae g"alasa ^ns^memotasa NaEnsx'a lax MElade. LaEm-
^laxe wlwamesxa mElek'. Wa, la^laxe g'lgadEs LElbEyos. Wa,
lak'as^laxe xungwadk'ats Wanede. Wa, lak'as^laxe Wanede
^wayatse oma^yaSl ^wats'.a. Wa, lak"as^lae Legadk-ase ^watslas NEsa.
5 Wa, lak'as^laxae q!enEmk"ase ^waotslas g'llk'asase ^nE^memotase
NaEnsx'ak'asase Gosg'imuxwe. Wa, lak'as^lae Wanede ayaqlEs-
k"asqexs hemEnalak'asmasene gwaguLalak'ase ^naxwa ^wa5ts!k'as
g'ayalak'as lak'asEx ^wats!as Wanedax hemEnalak'as^maasene wa^xa-
k'as qak'as haneqok'ases. Wii, lak'as^Em^laxae ^naxwak'as lala-
10 lE%Emalak'ase ^waots'.as g'alii NaEnsx'a. Wa, lak'as^laxae ex'e
naqa^yas Wanede qak'ases ^wats'.e NEsaxs lak'asae ^nax^wld lak'as
yeyalx"q!ala. Wa, lak'as^laxae gaelk'ase Wanede k'le^yas Lax^wid-
xe gaala qak'asExs wax'k'asae gwasok'atses g'aolg'flx". Wa,
k'!e^yask"as^laxae Wanede q!aq!aaq. Wa, lak'as^laxae gwak'Io-
15 dEXLalisa ^nalaanek'asas, g-axk'asaase bEkumala g'axeLk'asa laxe
t'.Ex'ase g'oxwas LElbEyos, yik'asEX ompk'asas Wanede. Wii,
okwas^Em^lae la bEkumala lak'asEx kwaelask'asas Wanede Lo^kwa-
ses ^wats!. Wa, lak-as la ^nex-a bEkumala: "LelaxaEnLol, Waneda
Lo^kwasos 'watslEX qak'asens ^ne^nEmoxwe," ^nex"k'as^laxae. Wa,
20 hex-^idk-as^Em^laxae Wanede Lax^widk'asa qak'ats lae lag'exe
LelElgisk'ase. Wa, lak'as la hex"dzEgesElak"as liixe &pdzEges-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1257
beach at the other side of the point of the village. They went into 22
|
the thicket, and there he saw many men sitting in a circle. Then| |
Waned was told by them to sit down behind them || with his great 25
dog. When Waned sat down close to his dog, then he saw that| |
the men were groaning on account of wounds in their throats and
|
in their ears. For a long time the men did not speak. Then Waned|
was a little afraid, for his dog just continued to stare at his master. 30|| |
Then an old man arose and spoke. He said, "Now, come, Waned,| |
and look at my tribe, and their woimds here, which you and your
|
dog have made. Look at them ! We are men as you are. And 35II 1
now, Waned, you shall learn." Thus he said, and went towards the|
place where Waned was sitting. He took off his human body, and
|
he took off the dog's body from the dog of Waned, and put it on |||
Waned, and Waned became a dog. Then he put the man's body 40
|
of Waned on his dog NEsa. And after he had done so, the new
|
Waned arose — the one who had been a dog—and went home to
|
his house, and his dog, who had been the real Waned before, followed
|
him. Before Waned || came near to his house, the many dogs ran 45|
up to the large dog, and they took revenge by biting him. Then the|
k'asase g'okwa. Wa, lak'as la laqa lak'asxe q'.waxulklwask'ase. 22
Wa, lak'as^laxae dox^waLaxe q!enEmk"ase bebEkiimaxElos k'.wala.
Wa, lak"as^laxae Wanede axk' lalasokwas qak'as he k'.wale aLeqliis
Lo^kwase omas ^watslas. Wa, g'ilk'as^Em^laxae kIwag'aElsk'ase 25
Waned mamk'Els Lo^kwase ^wats!, wa, lak'as^Em^laxae Wanede
doqwaxe bebEkuma gwaLase lelax"alaLa lak'asax q!oq!unas l6-
^kwase plEplEyokwasas. Wa, lak'as k"!eokwas geol dotlEg'a^tse
bebEkuma. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae Wanede k'ek'aleqak'asa qak'ase
^wats'.ak'asas, yik'asExs okwas^maasene hemEualaEm doqumalasxes 30
^wadzed. Wa, lak'as^laxae Lax^wElseda q'.ulyaxwe bEkiimala. Wa,
Wa, lak'as^laxae dotlEg'a^ia. Wa, lak"as^laxae ^nex'a: "Wa, gela-
g"ak"as^la Waned, g'axk'asaaqos. Wak'asla doqwaxg'En g'okwao-
tak" yik'asg'a lelax's^aLak'asg'as qak'ats hayaos Lo^kwasos ^wats'.a-
qos. Wak'asla doqwalax; sokwas^EmxaEn gwex'sk'ats bEkumaEm- 35
xaEn sokwas gex'asas. Wa, lak'as^mots Waned q!al^aLal," ^nek'as
laxexs lak'asae gwae^sta lak'asax kiwadzad Wanede qak'ats dawa-
yodk'asex bEgwauEmk' lina^yase. Wa, lak'as^laxae dawayddk'asax
^wats!ak!ina^yas ^watslas Wanede qak'ats ax^aLodk'ases lak'asax
Wanede. Wa, lak'as^mene ^wats!EX'^ide Wanede. Wa, lak'ase 40
ax^aLasa bEgwanEmk'linak'asas Wanede lak'asax ^watslak'asase
NEsa. Wa, g'ipEm^laxe gwalk'asa, lak'ase alolxwe Wanede Lax-
^wElsk'asaxe ^wats!ak'asde, qa^s lak'ase na^nax" lak'asxes g'ox"
lak'axes ^watslaxe alak'asaLal Waneda. Wa, k'!e^yask'as^Em^laxae
ex'^ak'ase Wanede lak'asxes g'ox", g'axk'asaase q!enEm ^waotsIR 45
qaqaaxe 5mas ^wats'.ak'as. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae yink'a qlak'a-
1258 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
48 dog ran away from them, and went into his former bedroom, which
|
he had when he was still a man. Then Waned, who had been a
|
50 dog, came in and never || took notice of his dog, who lay down on the
bed. His ears and his throat were lacerated. Then the new Waned
|
I
said to his mother, "I am hungry, mother." ^ind his mother
I |
55 stared at him, because the real || Waned had never said to his mother
that he was hungry. Therefore LslbEyos and his wife TlEk'ayig'i-
|
^lak" thought this strange. When TlEk'ayig'i^lak" put a dish in front
|
of him containing scorched dried spring-salmon, then the great dog
I
sat down beside of T!Ek"ayig"i^lak", and looked into her face.
| ||
60 In vain he opened his mouth. Then TlEk'ayig'i^lak" spoke, and
|
said, "Oh! what is the matter with NEsa? It is as though he were
|
trying to talk to me," thus she said. But Waned did not pay any
|
attention to her, for he was eating; and after he had eaten all the
|
65 dried spring-salmon, he arose and lay down || in his bedroom; but the
great dog went to the place where LElbEyos was sitting, and looked
|
into his face. In vain he opened his mouth as though he wanted to
|
speak. When night came, the dog lay down in the bedroom of
|
|
70 LElbEyos. Waned continued to be hungry, and || for a long time it
was this way. Then T lEk' ayig'i^lak" guessed that the dog was her
|
47 p'.ak'e. Wa, lak'ase ^wats'.E bEx^wId qatats lae lak'asaxes kwae^las-
k'asde yik"asExs hek"as^maex"de ale bEktima. Wa, g"axk"as^laxae
g'axel-ide Wanede, ylk'asxe ^watslEk'asde. Wa, hehek"aEm^laxae
50 q!as^idaxes ^watslExe lak"as hagudzowalil lak"asEx ku^lelask"a-
saxsxe ^nax^wIdk'as-Em lax'sax*=idk"ase p'.Ep'.Eyokwasas Lo^kwase
oxawak"asas. Wa, okwas^Em^laxae ^nex'a alox"kwase Wanede
lak'asxes abEmpk'ase: "Poyan; ad;" wa, okwas^Emlaxae abEmpk'a-
sas dodoxs^Endk'asaxqak'asaxs k'le^yasae powek'!alaenox"k'ase ala-
55 kMala Wanede lak'asxes absmpe. Wa, hek'as^Em^laxat! lak'Emq'.a-
s^idayos LElbEyos Lo^kwases gEnEme T'.Ek'ayig'i^lax". Wa, g'ilk'as-
^Em^axae T!Ek"ayig-i-1axwe k'agililase ha^maats!e g-its!Ewax"se
ts!Enxwe sasasda, g'axk'asaase omase ^wats'.E qak'ats lae k'.wag'l-
lilk'as lax Llasalllk'asas T!Ek"ayig"i^laxwe qak'ats doqiimalllaeq.
60 Walk'as^Em aqa. Wa, lak'as^laxae T'.Ek'ayig-i^lax" d6t!Eg'a^la.
Wa, lak'as^laxae ^nex'a: "^ya, ^mask"adzeg"a NEsak", hek'asaek'
gwex'ase dadotlEg'a^la g'axk'asEn," ^nex'k'as^laxae. Wa, hehek'a-
Em^laxae Wanede q'.aq'.aax qak'ases ha^maene. Wa, gilk'as^Em-
^laxae ^wFlak"asxe sasasde lak'asae Lax^ulil qak'ats lae kulg'a-
65 lilk'as laxes kwaelase. Wa, okwas^Em^laxae omas ^wats'.E lak'as
lax k!wae^lask*asas LElbEyos qa^s lak'asae doqiimalilaeq. Wii,
lak'as^Em^laxae S,qa wax'stlaax" dadot'.a. Wii, g'il^Em^laxae lak'as
neg'ax^wida lak'asae hek'as^Em kwaelk'ase ^watslE kwae^lask'asas
LElbEyos. Wa, lak'as^laxae hemEualak'as^Em poye Waneda. Wa,
70 lak'as^Em^laxae gayapEm hek'as gwayalak'ase, wa, lak'as^Em^laxae
TlEk'ayig'i^laxwe k'ot!edk"asxe ^wats'.a hek"as*maes xdnoxwe. Wa
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1259
SOU, and she spoke to her husband, LElbEyos, and said,
| "O 72
I
LElbEyos ! call in the shamans to come this night and look at
| our ||
master there." Thus she said to him. Immediately LElbEyos said
| 75
that he would clear his house; and after he had finished clearing his
|
house, he went and gave notice to his tribe that the shamans
| would
feel of Waned (in order to find out wiiat ailed him). Then LElbEyos
|
went back home, and || told his wife, saying that the shamans| would 80
come in, and those who were to beat time. Then T Isk' ayig"i%k"
|
called Waned, and told him about the shamans who
| would come and
feel of him. Then Waned became really angry on account of what
|
was said by her, and he 11 went out of the house. Then the| great dog 85
was happy, and LElbEySs and his wife, TlEk'ayig'i^lak",
| observed
him. Now night came, and the shamans and those
| who were to
I
beat time came, but || Waned never came into the house. The 90
large dog sat down in front of the shamans. Then a
| great shaman|
saw that the great dog was Waned who wore the
| dog's body.
Then the shaman spoke to the wise men (song-leaders) to
| think
about it, what they should do to the
II dog who wore the body of a 95
man, namely, of Waned. Thus he said. Then the great
| dog was
|
lak'as^laxae dotlEg'a^lk'asxes la^wttnEmk'ase LElbEyosk'ase. Wa, 72
lak"as^laxae ^nex"a: "^ya, LElbEyosai'. Walaak'adzS, Lelak'asxo
pepSxa q^ g'axk'ases6n5x6 neg*ax"k"asLex qak'as doqwasexEns
g'Ik'asex," ^nek'as laxae. Wa, hex'^idk'as^Em^laxae LElbEyos ^nex" 75
qak"ats ekwaexes g'oxwe. Wa, g'ilk'as^Em^laxae gwalk'as ekwaxes
g'6x"k"asaxs lak'asasene qas^Id qak'ats lae q!aq!agEmlak'asxes
g"okwaot yEk"asExs p!exwak"atsawae Waned yik'atse pepSxa. Wa,
g'axk'as^Em^laxae na^ax" lak'asxes g"5xwe LElbEySs. Wa, lak'as-
'Em^laxae nelalak'asxes gEUEm, ^nex'k'asqexs lak'as^maalase 80
£.wPlak'as g'axk'asLa h5x"ts!ak"asLe pepaxa Lo^kwasa Lexastek'asLaq.
Wa, lak'as^laxae T!Ek'ayig'i^lax" Le^lalak'asEX Wanede qa^s nela-
laese pepaxaxs g'axk'asaeLa p!exwak"asLaq. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae
Waned ealak"!ala tslEnx^s dot'.alayokwasas. Wa, lak-as^Em^laxae
okwas^Em lak'as qas^Id qak'ats lae lawEls lak'asxe g'ox". Wa, 85
lak'ase ek"!eqak'ase omase ^watslE. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae LElbEyos
Lo^kwases gEDEmk'ase T'.Ek'ayig'i^laxwe q!amx'ts!ek-asaq. Wa,
lak"as^Em^laxaene neg'Ex^wIdk'asa. Wa, g"axk"as^Em^Iaxae hox-
tslak'ase pep&xa Lo^kwase Lexaxstae. Wa, lak"as^Em^laxae hewaEm
g"axk"as hox"ts!ak'ase Waneda. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae Qmase ^watslE 90
k'.waklwagEmak'asxe pepSxa. Wa, lak"as^Em^laxae 5mask'ase
pSxa dox^waLak'asxe omase ^wats'.Exs hek'as^mae Wanede. Lak"as
q!6x"ts!Ewax"s ^watslEk'linak-asases ^watslE. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae
pepaxa dotlalak'asxe wewasdala qak'as dodaxstolilk-ases qak'ats
gwex'^idaasxe ^watslExe lak'ase q'.ox^wEnalak'asax bEkumalak' !i- 95
nak'asas Wanede, ^nek'as^laxae. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae ek"!eqak'as
1260 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
98 happy on account of what the shaman had said, and he was just
|
gouag around the fire in the middle of the house trying to play with
|
100 the shamans. But Waned || never came to the house. Then the
shamans went out with those who beat time for them. Now it was
|
late in the night, and no dogs were walking about that night.
| |
The whole tribe was asleep. When dayhght came in the morning,| ||
5 Waned was the first to arise from his bedroom, and he wakened his|
parents, and spoke. He said, "Don't continue to sleep! I have
|
been pitied by the supernatural power. I am Waned again," thus
|
10 he said. Immediately LElbEyos and his wife, || TlEk'ayig'i^ak'-"|
arose and called their tribe to come and eat breakfast in the house.
|
Then all the ancestors of the nimiaym NaEnsx'a went in; and
|
when the guests were aU in, LElbEyos told his tribe about Waned,
|
I
15 that he had been pitied by || the supernatural power. Thus he said.
Then Waned spoke and told them that he had tried in vain to talk,
[ |
but that he had been unable to speak. Thus Waned came back.|
But they never learned which way the great dog, NEsa, had gone.
| ||
20 From that time on the Koskimb began to treat their dogs carefuUy,
|
for they knew that they are men hke ourselves. That is the end|
of this.
I
97 qak'ase dot lalayokwasase pSxa qak'ase omas ^watslExs lak'asae
wiilk"as x'imsa lae^stalll lak"asxe laqwawalilk"asase g'ox", a3,m}E-
mak"asxe pepaxa. Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae hehek'a g"axk'ase Wanede,
100 g'axel lak'asxe g'ox". Wa, lak"as^Em^laxae okwas^Em la hoqwalile
pepaxa Lo^kwase Lexemelk'asas. Wa, lak"as^Em^laxae gayalak'as
la neg-Ekwa, wa, lak'as^Em^laxae k-'.eyokwas ^nEm ^wats! g'Ig'Elsaxe
neg'Ek". Wa, lak'as^laxae ^nax^wid lak'as k"!axalak'ase leElqwai.a.
Wa, lak'as^Em^laxae ^nax'^idk'asxe gaalak'ase; wa, hek'as^Em^laxae
5 Wanede gilk'as Lax^wid lak'asxes kwae^lask"ase qak'ats lae gwa-
k-asxes g'aoig-uxwe. Wii, lak'as'Em-laxae dot'.Eg'a^la. Wa, lak'as-
^Em^laxae ^nex-a: "Gwalk'as las k'!axalak-asaol lak-as-'Emeg'in
wiwaxse^stanos ^nawalaxwa. Nogwak'as^Emxat! Waneda," ^nek"as-
^laxae. Wa, hex'^idk'as^Em^laxae LElbEyos Lo^kwases gEnErak'ase
10 T'.Ek'ayig'Flax" Lax^widk'as, qak^ats lae Leiaxes g-okwaote qak'as
g'axk'ase gegag'ahl lax g' oxwas. Wa, g'axk'as^Em^laxae ^wi^lak'as
h6x"ts!aw6 g'ilk'asase ^nE^memaotk'asase NaEnsx'a. Wa, g-ilk"as-
^Em^laxae ^wFlaelk'ase Le^lansm, wii, lak-as^Em^laxae LElbEyos
nelalaxes g'okwaotas Wanedaxs hik'as^mE'^lase wlwaxse^stanos ^na-
15 walaxwa, ^nex-k-as^laxae. Wa, lak'as^Em'^laxae dotlEg'a^lk-ase
Wanede, nelalalcatsexs lak'as ^naxwaasene wax'k'as dadotla. Wii,
lak-as^Em^laxae k'leyokwas gwex'^idaask-as dot'.Eg'a^k'asa. Wii,
lak-as^Em^laxae naqe^ste Waiieda lak'asxeq. Wii, lak'ase hehek'a
qlae^staso^kwase gwiigwaiigask' asase omase^watslEk'ase NEsa. Wa,
20 hek-as^Emxat! g-'ixg-li.aats' Gosgunux" lak'as aek-Uaxo ^wats!ax
qak'asaxs lak-as^maase q'.aolk-asqexs bebEkiimalak'as^maase nogwa-
k-asEns gwex'ase. Wa, lak"as^Emxae qlumbak'as lak'asxex.
boas] famili" histories 1261
Origin of the Abalone Names of the Awik' !enox"
I will also answer what you inquire about how the abalone 1
|
names came. There is really one reason why the Awik' !enox"
|
have abalone names. And I will only foUow what was told me by
my wife, who told me that story why the Awik' !enox" women ll
I
have the name Abalone-Woman. Now, listen, friend ! I shaU imi- 5
tate the way of all the story-tellers who tell the story to some one.
I |
This is the beginning.
|
LEg' ex, the chief of the H2.1x^aix't!enox" of the OyalaldEx", hved
|
at YalaLe. Chief LEg" ex had two wives, and it is said that ex 10
I| LEg'
loved his second wife more; and Cliief LEg' ex also did not treat
|
carefully his children by his first wife, but he took very good care
|
of his son by his second wife. Therefore his first wife was very
|
angry, and she planned what to do to her husband, |1 whether she 15|
should kiU him, or whether she should kill his second wife. Then it
|
occurred to her to do harm to the son of her husband and his
|
second wife. And after the head wife of Chief LEg' ex finished
|
planning, she treated the child well, and she called her stepson, the
|
chUd of her husband || and his second wife, and the head wife would 20
sit in the bow of the canoe of her stepson when she went out pad-
|
Origin of THE Abalone Names of the AwikMenox"
Wa, laEmxaawisEn na^naxmelxes wiiLasE^w5s lax g'axelasox Le- 1
gEina ex'ts'.Eme. AlaEm ^nEmx'^idale lag'ilas Legadeda Awik' !eno-
xwasa ex'tslEme. Wa, la^mesEn §,Em nEgEldolg"a waldEmg"asg"En
gEUEmk', lag'as nosa qaEULas lag'ilas Legadeda tsledaqasa Awik'Ie-
noxwas Ex'tslEmga. Wag'a hoLelax, qast, qEn nanaxtslE^wa^mex 5
gwek' lalasasa ^naxwa nenotslenox qaes nosag'ile. Wa, la^mes
g"alabeseg"a:
G'okula^lae LEg'ex, yEx gigftma^yasa HS,lx^aix't!enoxwasa Oya-
laidEx lax YalaLe. Wa, la^lae ma^lela g'lgama^ye LEg"ex qa^s gE-
gEUEma. Wa, la^lae LEg-exe he la laxules allele gEUEma. Wii, 10
k' les^Em^laxaawisa gugama^ye LEg'ex la aaxp lEltalaxes sasEme
laxes gEk'Emallle. Wa, la^lae Lomax'^Id aek'ilaxes bEgwanEme
xiinok" laxes allele gEnEma. Wa, heEm^lawis xEULEla tslEnoms
naqa^yas gEk'Emalilas. Wa, la^lae sEna qa^s gwex'^idaasxes fa^wQ-
nEiue Lo^ k'lelax-^idEq, lo^ he k' lelax'^ItsE^we a^lel gEUEms. Wa, 15
la^lae g'lg'aex^ed qa^s helag'i momas^itsE^wa bEgwanEme xto6x"ses
la'wunEme LE^wis allele gEnEma. Wa, gipEm^lawise gwale sEua-
^yasa gEk-Emallle gEUEms LEg'ex, laa^lase hemEnala ek"!eqElaq.
Wa, laEm^lae Le^lalaxes xQngwawe, ylx xilnokwases la^wtinEme
LE^wes allele gEUEma. Wa, lanaxwa^laeda gEk-Emallle k'.wag-iwa- 20
laxes xungwawaxs lae sex^wida hemEnaiaxa ^ne^nala. Wa, la^lae
1262 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL. [eth. ann. 35
22 dling every day. One fine day, Chief LEg' ex asked liis second wife
| |
to go out paddling with him, and they went paddhng. Then
|
LEg' ex was asked by his head wife how far he would go. ^Vnd
25 LEg' ex mentioned a place far off 1| where he was going. In vain
LEg' ex called his son to come aboard, but the child did not want
|
to go, for he really thought that his stepmother loved liim. LEg' ex
I
went away, and left him. As soon as LEg' ex was a long ways off,
|
30 his head wife got seady and took a large box, which || she placed
I
aboard her canoe. She carried a bundle and a long rope. And
|
when everything was aboard her canoe, she called her eldest son
|
and her stepson to go aboard the canoe. As soon as they had gone
|
35 aboard the canoe, they paddled off and went to an island out || at
|
sea back of YalaLe. Then they went ashore on the island. The
|
woman put ashore the box, wliich she took out of the canoe, and put
it down on the beach, and she called her son to help her, and also
|
her stepson. Then the bad woman asked her stepson to take off
|
the cover of the box. And when he had taken off the cover, the ||
I
40 son of the bad woman took his younger brother and pushed him|
into the box. Then his mother put on the cover, and the bad
|
woman took a dressed skin blanket covered with large abalone
| |
45 shells, and wrapped it around the box. Then |1 she tied a rope
22 ek'a ^nala laa^lasa gigama^ye LEg'ex helaxes a^ele gEHEm qa^s la
sex^wld LE^we. Wa, laxda^x"^lae sex^wida. Wa, wiiLaEm^lawisa
gEk'Emalilax LEg'exe lax ^walag'ilasLas. Wa, la^lae qwesala gwE-
25 ^yas LEg-exe laasLas. Wa, wax'^Em^lawise LEg'exe Le^lalaxes bs-
gwauEme xunok" qa las laxsEq. Wil, hVlae q!Emse xunokwas qaxs
lae ala la 6q!us la laxiilases abadzEwe. Wa, aEm^lawise LEg'exe la
lowaLaq. Wa, gipEm^lawise qwesg'ile LEg'exaxs lae xwaual^ideda
gEk'Emalile. Wil, laEm^lae ax^edxa ^walase gildasa, qa^s la ax^a-
30 lExsas laxes xwak'.iina. Wa, la^lae q'.EnepsEmale daakwas, wa, he-
^mesag'llt'.a dEUEma. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise ^welxs lax xwaklunas lae
Le^lalax ^nolast'.EgEma^yas bEgwauEme xunox"s LE^wis xungwawe
qa las hoguxs lax xwak'.unas. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise la hox^walExs
laxa xwak'.una lae sex^widEX'da^x" qa^s la laxa ^mEk'ala lax L'.a-
35 seg'a^yas YalaLe. Wa, la^lae aLe^sta laxa ^mEk'ala. Wa, la^laeda
tslEdaqe handltodxa g'ildase laxes .xwak!una qa-s hang'aliseq. Wii,
la^lae Le^lalaxes xQnokwe qa las g'lwalaq LE^wis xungwawe. Wa,
laEm^lawisa ^yax'sEme ts!Edaq axk'Ialaxes xQngwawe qa axodesexa
yEkwaya^yasa g'ildase. Wii, gil'Em^lawise lawiiya yskwaya^yaxs
40 lae bEgwauEme xunokwasa ^yax'SEme ts'.Ediiq dax'^idxes ts!a^ya
qa^s Laxts'.odes laxa g'ildase. Wii, la^lae abEmpas j^Eku-
yEntsa yEkwiiya^yasa g'ildase. Wa, la^laeda ^yax'sEme ts!Ediiq
ax^edxa alag'EmsgEme '"uEx^una^yaxa la hamElxsEmalaxa awawe
ex'ts'.Ema. Wii, lii^lae q!EnepsEmts liixa g'ildase. Wii, la^lae
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1263
around it. As soon as she had done this, she put it aboard the 46
|
canoe. And it is said that the bad woman asked lier son to take
|
aboard a large stone. Then her son looked for an elongated large
|
stone. When he found one, that was good for an anchor, so || large 50
I
that a man coidd hardly lift it, he put it aboard the canoe. Then he
|
went aboard, and the bad woman with her son paddled out to sea.
|
The large box was in the middle of the canoe. It was just like
|
shining on account of the abalone-shells that covered the box, with
the brightness of the sun. Then they went out to sea, and the
|
bad woman said to her son, "Tie the rope to
II the stone, and after| 55
you have done so, tie the other end around the box." Thus she said.
|
Immediately the boy did this. And after he had finished, he
|
threw the abalone-covered box into the sea. When it drifted
|
about, he took up || the elongated stone and threw it into the water; 60
and after he had thrown it into the water, thej" paddled away from
|
it. They never turned around to see what became of the box that
|
had been thrown into the water, for they felt that they had done
something bad. When the}' nearly arrived at the house, the bad
|
|
woman spoke to her son and said, || "Ob, son, hsten ! Let me tell you 65
what I have in mind, for we are going to be asked what became of
|
qEX'SEmtsa dEnEme laq. Wa, g"ipEm^lawise gwala lag hang'aa- 45
lExsaq laxa xwak'.una. Wa, la^laeda ^yax'SEme tslEdaq axk'Ia-
laxes xunokwe qa t'.axiilExsesex ^walasa t'.esEm laxa xwak!tina.
Wa, laEm^lawise xunokwas aliix saxsEma ^walas tIesEma,
Wa, la^lae q!axa ala la ex" lax qlsltsEm. Wa, halsElaEm-
^lawisa bEgwauEme lax"s g'axae t!agExsaq laxa xwakluna. Wa, 50
la^lae laxs laxa xwak!una. Wa, la^lae sexwatlaleda ^yax'SEme
ts'.Edaq LE^wis xiinokwe hanoyalaxa ^walase g'ildasxa he gwex"se
qlsqalaena^yasa ex'tslEme la ^mEgEsgEmexa g'ildase q!Eqalaena-
-yasa L!esEla. Wa, laEm^lawise laxa L!asakwaxs lae ^nek"eda *yax"-
sEme tslEdaqa laxes xunokwe. "Weg'ayiltsEmtsa dEuEmex laxwa 55
tIesEmex. Wa, g'il^Emlwits gwal qaso lal yiltsEmtsa apsba^yaxs
laxwa gildasex," ^nex"^lae. Wii, hex^idaEm^lawise he gwex'^ideda
bEgwanEme. Wa, g'U^Em^lawise gwala lae han^stEntsa ex'tsEmala
g'ildas laxa aowak'e. Wa, gil^Em^lawise hS,nwalaxs laaEl t'.agEl-
tsaxa g'iltsEme tlesEm qa^s t!ax^stEndes. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise 60
la^staxs g'axda^xwae sexas. Wa, laEm^lae hewaxa mElexLaxes
la^stanowe gildasa, qaxs lae qiak'aqexs ^yax'sEmaes gwex'^idaase.
Wa, la^lae Elaq lag"aa laxes g'okwaxs lae yaqlEg'a^Ieda ^yax"SEme
tslEdaqa laxes xunokwe. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, xOnok", wa-
Ents5s hoLelax qsn nelesg'a gwalaasg'asg"En naqek", qaxg'Ens 05
wuLaso^meLEk" lax x"Eyasas tsla^yax-da. Wa, Ieu ^nenk'IeqEla
1264 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
67 your younger brother. I think that we'll say that our canoe upset,
|
and let us say that your younger brother did not come u]) agam.
|
The reason why I say so is that we may wet ourselves before we go
|
70 ashore at the beach of our house." Thus she said. |1 Imniediately
they sprinkled their clothing with water, so that it was all wet.
|
And after they had done so, they paddled and went ashore on the
|
beach of their house. Immediately they were met by their rela-
|
tives, and the relatives of the one who had been thrown into the sea.
Then the bad woman was asked, "Where is your stepson?" Thus
|
75 was said to her. || Immediately the bad woman replied, and said,|
"Our canoe upset, and I do not know what became of my stepson,|
for we just tried to save ourselves." Thus she said. Then she was|
asked what had become of the carved box, for tliis was the only box|
80 among the Bellabella that had a name. || Therefore the Bellabella were
very much troubled about the carved box. The bad woman said that
I |
the carved box had just drifted away. Then the Bellabella guessed
|
that the bad woman had done harm to her stepson. In the evening|
85 Chief LEg' ex and his second wife came back. || Immediately LEg' ex
was told what they thought had been done by the bad woman to
|
her stepson. Then Chief LEg' ex spoke, and said, "Let my son| ]
keep together with his crest, the carved box. Let the chiefs of the|
67 qEns ^nek'exg'Ens qEpaEns ya^yatslex. Wa, laLEns 'nex'LEqexs
hewaxae qlax^wide tsla^yax'da. Wa, hetoesEn lag'ila ^nek" qEns
k!iSnk!unqEle qEnso lal lag'alisL lax L'.Ema^isasEns g'okwa," ^nex'-
70 ^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise xos^itsa dEmsx'e ^wap laxes gwel-
gwala qa ^naxwes k'.tinqa. Wa, g"il^Em^lawise gwala lae sex^wida
qa^s la lag'ales lax L'.Ema^sases g-okwe. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise
lalalaso^ses LeLELala l6^ LeLELaliisa la ts'.Ex^stanos. Wa, la^lae
wuLasE^weda ^yax'sEme ts!Edaqa: "^wlnela xiingwawa," ^nex'so^lae.
75 Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise na^naxma^yeda ^yax'sEmets'.Edaqa. Wa, la-
^lae ^nek'a: "QEpanu^x" ya^yats'.ex. Wa, ^walEla^mesEn k"!es
qla^staxEn xungux'da qaxg'Enu^x" a^mek' la q'.ulex's^Em la q!wa-
q'.Qla," ^nex'^lae. Wa, la^lae wttLasE^wa lax gwagwaagasasa
k'!awats!e g'tidasa, qaxs -uEmsgE^mae g"il Legad gildasa laxa
80 Heldza^q". Wa, he^mis lag'ilas xEnLEla ^wilElqEleda Heldza-
^qwaxakMawatslegildas. Wa,la^laeda ^yax'sEme ts!Edaq^nex*qexs
a^maa la ts'.ax^ideda k'!awats!e g'lldasa. Wa, laEm^lae k'5t!ededa
Heldza^qwaq laEm mSmas^ideda ^yax'SEme tslsdaqxes xunguxda.
Wa, la^mese dzaqwaxs g'axae na^nakwa g"igama^ye LEg'ex LE^wis
85 allele gEUEma. Wa, hex'^ida^mese ts!Ek'!aPitsE^ve LEg'exe 3'Ises
k'odEle gwex-^idaatsa ^yax'SEme ts'.Edaq laxes xungux"da. Wa,
la^lae yaqlEg'a^ieda g'Tg^ma^ye LEg'exe. Wa, la^Iae ^nek'a: "Hag'a-
x'En xunokwa ^nEmalag"iLe LE^wis k"!es^aeda k"!awats!e g'ildasa.
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1265
tribes try to find my son." Thus he said. Then it was knownII 90
everywliere that the son of LEg' ex, the chief of the OyalaldEx" was
| |
sitting in the abalone-covered box, and therefore all the tribes
searched for it.
|
AhiEkwala lived with his wife and two daughters in a house back
|
of Awik' lEdza^ye. The elder one of the children was grown-up, andIl 95
her younger sister was nearly grown-up. Then, it is said, they
|
always stayed in bed late in the morning, sleeping. In vain their
|
mother called them in the morning. They did not wake up;|
therefore their mother took the tongs and struck her children,
|
saying as she struck them, "Don't || sleep, but purify yourselves, 100
and try to find what is known by the tribes, the abalone-covered|
carved box in which LEg' ex's son sits." Thus she said. Immedi-
|
ately the two girls arose crying, and went out of the house. They
|
I
went along the long beach, a pretty beach. || Then they went a long 5
distance, and the younger one saw something like the sun floating
|
about. And at once the younger one spoke and said, "Look at
|
that thing floating about at sea. It is like the sun really shining on
|
the water out at sea." Thus she said. But the elder one did not
|
take notice of her. She just walked fast. || Then the younger one went 10
after her; for the younger daughter in vain thought of what| their
Wag'ax'a g'ig'Egama^yaxsa lelqwalaLa^yax LaLogwalaxEn xuno-
kwa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, ia^me q'.aqlalagayuweda ex'tslEmsgEma 90
g'lldas klwats'.Ewats xunokwas LEg' ex, yix gigama^yasa Oyalai-
dEx". Wa. he^mis lag'ilas ^naxwa^me lelcjwalaLa^ye alaq.
Wii, g'okula^lae AIoEkwala LE^wis gEnsme LE^wis ma^lokwe
tsledaq 'sasEm lax awig'a^3'as Awik' !Edza^ye. LaEm^lae exEnteda
^nolastlEgEma^yas sasEmas. Wa, laEm^lawise Elaq exEnteda ts!a- 95
^yas. Wa, laEm^lawise hemEualaEm gex'g'aelExs mexaaxa gaala.
Wa, la^lae wax' gwiiso^xa gaaliises abEmpe. Wa, la^lae k'!es
tslEX'^Ida. Wii, he^mis lag'ilas dax'^ide abEmpasexa tslesLala
qa^s kwexes laxes sasEme ^neg'ElEwexs kwexaaq: "Gwaldza
mexax cja^s wawsldzEwaos qleqEla la^sta qaeda q'.aqlalag'ala- 100
jksa, lelqw&laLa^ya ex'tslEmsgEmala k'!awats!e g'ildas klwats'.Ewats
xunokwas LEg'ex," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hex'^idaEm^Iawisa ma^lokwe
ts!edaq sasEms Lax^wida qlwadzEtEwexs lae hoqiiwEls laxa g'6-
kwe qa^s la qasaesEJa laxa g'llt'.Edzolise ek" awinagwisa. Wa,
laEm^lawise qwesg'ilaxs laeda ts'.a^yasa ^nola dox^waLElaxa haEl 5
gwex'sa L'.esEla pEX'ala. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawisa ts'.a^ya yiiq'.E-
g'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "^ya, dox^widEsxa pEX'alaxa L'.asa-
kwexa he gwex'sa L'.esEla, yixs alae qlwaxsEniLa^ya liixa Lliisak","
^nex'^lae. Wii, k"!ets!Em^lawise ^noliis qliisElaq, tiEm^lae yaya-
naxs qasae. Wii, aEm^lawise ts'.a^yas la qaqayaq, qaxs lE^mae 10
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 31
1266 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
12 mother had said when she talked about the abalone-covered carved
|
box in wliich Leg' ex's son was sitting. They had gone a long ways
|
when they sat down. Then the younger one spoke again to her elder
|
15 sister, and said, "I can not think of anj^thing but what|| I have seen
out at sea, which was floating about like thesun (I wonder) if it is not
| ;
what mother talked about." Thus she said. Then her elder sister
|
only said that she was getting hungry. "Let us go home." Thus
|
she said. Then the)- walked back. When they passed halfway the
|
20 distance they had gone, the younger one saw the great box lying||
on the beach. Then the younger sister spoke, "You are really
I |
foohsh that you do not remember what our mother told us to look
|
out for. This is the carved box l>^ng on the beach." Thus she said,
|
25 pointing to the box. Then the elder sister saw || what was seen by
her 3'Oiunger sister. Then they ran to see who would get there first
\
where it lay on the beach, the box that looked like the sun. Then
|
they arrived there. Immediately the younger sister untied the
|
rope tied around it; and when she had taken off the rope with which
30 it was tied, she took off the dressed skin with abalone shells || and|
put it down. Then she pulled at one side of the box, and then she
|
heard something moving inside the box. Then she ran away,
|
because she was afraid; but her elder sister was sitting on the
beach watching her younger sister working hard. Then the
|
11 g"Ig"aeqEla wax'a tsItVyax waldEmases abEmpe, yixs lae gwa-
gwex's^ala laxa ex'ts'.EmsgEmalii k"!awats!e gildas k!wats!Ewats
xunokwas LEg'ex. Wii, laEm^lawise qwesg'ila qasaxs laaEl kltis^a-
lisa. Wa, la^lae edzaqwa yaq'.Eg'a^ieda ts'.a^yaxes ^nola. Wii, la^lae
15 ^nek'a: "KMetsHmek' lEl^maex-'edxEn dogiila laxa L!asakwexa
he gwex's pEX'Ma L'.esEla qo heEmlaxe gwE^y^sEns abEmpa,"
^nex-^lae. Wa, la^lae aEm ^nek'e ^nolasexs lE^mae p5sq!Ex'4da:
"Wii, la^mesEiis liil nii^nax"L," ^nex'^lae. Wii, g'iix-lae aedaaqa
qas^ida, wa, g"ax^Em^lawise hayaxk" !Elts!Edxes qax"Le. Wa, heEm-
20 ^laxaa wisa tslii^ya g'il doxHvaLElaxa ^wiilase g'ildas lae ha^nes laxa
L'.Ema-ise. Wa, laEm^lae ytiqlEg'a^leda ts'.a^ya, "^3'a L5maaqos
nEnola, ylxs k'letslEmaaxEntqos g'lgaeqElax waklEmasEns abEmpa
g'axEns qaEns dogiileq heEm kMawatsIe gildasa ha^nesax LlEma-'i-
sasa," ^nex'^lae ts!Emtilaxa g ildase. Wii, laEm^lae ^noliis dox-wa-
25 LElax dogfilases tsla^ya. Wii, lax"da^x^Iae dzElx^wida qa^s la
g"iig-alap!a Ifdaa liix ha^nedzasasa haEl gwex's LletsEmlisa g'ildase.
Wii, la^lae hig'aa laq. Wii, hex'^idaEm^Iawisa tsla^ya qwel^edEx
yiltsEma^yas dEnEma. Wa, gil^Em^lawise ^wi^l&,wa yiitsEma^yas
dEuEma liia^lase axag'iltsEmdxa iilag'lme iixEdzayaatsa ex'tslEme
.iO cja^s xilxaliseq. Wii, la^lae gElqalisaxa gildase. Wii, hcEm^liiwis
la wuLalatsexa yaweng'a^la lax ots!awasa g'ildase. Wii, laEm^lae
hettsa Laxeq qaxs k'il^edaas, qaxs tVmae ^noliis k!waes x'Its!ax"i-
laxes tslii^yiixs iaxiimrdae eaxEJa. Wii, la^lae Liix^uleseda tslii^yiixs
—
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1267
younger sister stood still, and she heard some one talking
| inside
of the box, and saying, || "Don't be afraid, come, open this box. 35
You have found me by good luck." Thus said what was
| heard by
the younger sister. At once the younger sister went back
| and
opened the box. She took off the cover and put it on its
| edge at
the side of the box. Then the younger sister saw a really handsome
|
young man sitting || inside the box, wearing in his ears abalone 40
shells. Then the man spoke to the younger sister and
| said, " Now
your name shall be Qwex'agas (Box-Opening-Woman) — in Bella-
|
bella, X'awagas in the way the Kwag'ul speak— for now you have
|
opened this box, which has the name Carved-Box. And now
| I'll
marry you, my dear Qwex'agas, for || this is your name now, and also 45
Ex'ts.'Eniga (Abalone-Woman) beguming with this day. I am the
|
son of LEg'ex." Thus said he as he came out of the carved box.
|
Then the man took the abalone-covered dressed skin and threw it
|
into the carved box, and he took up the box and folded it up; and
|
as soon as it had become small, he || tucked it into his armpit. The 50
man wore as a blanket the dressed-skin blanket covered
| with
abalone shells, and he also had a head-ring of hide. Then the
|
wife of the man, the one who had now the name Qwex'agas,
| asked
her husband and her elder sister to go home to their house. They
|
lae wuLElaxa yaq!Ent!ala lax otsl^wasa g'ildasexa ^nek'a: "Gwal-
las k'ilElax. Gelag'a, x'ox^wIdExg'ada g'ildasEk". LaEms Logwala 35
g'axEn," ^nex'^ae wuLElasa ts'.a^ya. Wii, hex'^idaEm^lawisa ts'.ii-
^ya la xwelaqa laq qa^s x'ox^widexa g'ildase. Wa, la^lae axodEx
ytkwaya^yas qa^s k' lox^walises lax ona^yasa g'ildase. Wa, laEm-
^laeda ts'.a^ya dox^waLElaxa ala la ex'sok" he}% bEgwauEm k!wa-
tsliixa g'ildase x6gEX"sa ex'ts'.Em. Wa, la^lae yaq!Eg'a^leda bEgwa- 40
nEme laxa ts'.a^ya. Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "LaEms lal LegadEs Qwe-
x'agas,—laxa Heldza^qwa, la X'awagas laxa Kwag'ide yaq!Endasa,
qaes laena^yos x'ox^widxwa Legadex g'ildasa laxwa Legadaxs k' !a-
watsle g'ildasa. Wii, la^mesEn gEg'ados, ada, Qwex'agas, qaxs he-
^maaqosLegEmeLo^Ex'tslEmgag'ag'ELElaxwa ^nalax. Wii, nogwaEm 45
xtin6x"s LEg'exa," ^nex'^laexs lae l^lts'.a laxa k'lawats'.e g'ildasa.
Wa, la^laeda bEgwanEme dax'^Idxa ex'tslEmsgEmilla ahig'lm qa^s
lExts'.odes lilxa k'!iiwats!e g'ildasa. Wa, lil'lae diix'^idxa glldase
qa^s k'!oxsEmdeq. Wii, g'ipEm^liiwise la amiisgEmillaxs lae g'lp-
tslodEslaxes dEmgwalase lax ^nEx^uniilaeda bEgwiinEmaxa ahlgime 50
^nEx^iine mEgiisgEmxa ex'tslEme. Wii, Ifi^laxae he^Em gwiile qEx'E-
ma^yas k lilts !adz6. Wii, laEm^lawisa la gEnEmsa bEgwauEmexa la
LegadEs Qwex'agas axk'.alaxes la^wunEme LE^wis ^nola qa^s lala-
g'e na^nak" laxes g'okwe. Wii, lax'da^x"^lae qas^ida. Wa, kMes^Em-
1268 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. axn. 35
55 walked along, and they were not |i far from their house when the
father of the two sisters, AinEkwala, saw his two daughters, and
|
|
walking between them a man like the brightness of the sun. Then he
|
thought that his daughter had found by good luck what was known
by aU the tribes, the son of Leg' ex, who was inside the a])alone-
I
60 covered carved box: therefore AinEkwala went to meet his||
|
children. As soon as he arrived, the younger daughter spoke, and
|
said, "Now I have a husband, father; this one who was wished for
|
by mother for my husband." Thus she said to her father. Then|
C5 AinEkwala was glad of what his daughter said. He II came to his
house; and when the married couple, Qwex'agas and her husband,
|
went in, the husband of Qwex'agas spoke, and said, "Thank j'ou,
|
father-in-law AinEkwala, that I come to you. I am Yaniadzalas,
|
the son of my father LEg'ex. Now we shall have one name, and
|
70 all kinds of privileges. Nowlhave married your younger daughter,||
|
Qwex'agas and Ex"ts!Emga, for she is the only one who enabled me
|
to get out of the carved box. As soon as I came out, I gave the
|
name Qwex'agas and Ex'ts.'Emga to my wife. Now I wiU show|
75 this box, which has the name || Carved-Box." Thus he said, and
took the flat thing from under his arms. Then Yiimadzalas arose
|
and went to the rear of the house of his father-in-law AhiEkw^ala,
|
55 4awise laEm Lala qa^s lag'ae laxes g'okwaxs lae ompasa ts!ats!a-
^yasala yix AinEkwala dox^waLElaxes ma^lokwe tsledaq sasEmxs
qaqEsalaaxa he gwex's LlEneqwala LlesEla bEgwanEm. Wii, la^lae
k'otaxes ts!edaqe sasEm laEm Logwalaxa q!iiq!alagalayasa ^naxwa
lelqwalaLa^ye xilnokwas LEg'exxa k!wats!&wa laxa ex'tslEmsgEmala
60 kMawats!e gildasa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas AinEkwala la qfiqayalaxes
sasEme. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise lilg'aa laqexs lae yaq!Eg'a^leda ama^-
yinxa^ye ts'.Edaq xun6x"s. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "La^mEn hVwada, dats,
yisg'a walagElg'as ada qEn la^wunEma," ^nex'^laexes ompe. Wa,
laEm^lawise mola AlnEkwalas watdEmases xunokwe. Wa, la^lae
65 lag'aa laxes g^okwe. Wa, g'ipEm^lawiselaeLeda la ha^yasEk-ala, yrx
Qwex'agas LE^wis laHvunEm, wa, la^lae yaqlEg'a^le la^wtinEmas
Qwex'agas. Wii, laHae ^nek'a: "Gelak'as^la, nEgump, AinEkwala,
qaEn soena^ye g'axats. NogwaEm Yamadzalasa, xunox"sEn ompae
LiEgex. Wa, gax^mesEn qa ^nEmx'^idesEns LegEm le^wehs ^naxwa
70 k'lek'lEs^a. Wa, g'ax^mesEn gEg'adEsg'a ama^yinxeg'ases sasEma-
qos laxg'a Qwex'agas laxg'a Ex'tslEmga yixg'ada ^nEm6x"^Emk'
lal5L!a g'axEn, qEn g'axe lalts!a laxa k'!awats!e g'ildasa. Wa, g'il-
^mesEn lalts'.a laq liig'En Lex^edEs Qwex'agas l6^ Ex'tslEmga laxg'En
gEHEmk'. Wa, la^mesEk' nePedEtg'ada LegadEk' g'ildasaxg'a k'!a-
75 wats'.e g'ildas," ^nex'^laexs lae ax^edxa pExsEme laxes dEmgElase.
Wii, la^lae Lax^iilile Yamadzalas qa^s lii lax ogwiwalilasa g'okwases
nEgumpe AinEkwala, dalaxa pExsEme. Wa, la^lae ax^alilaq. Wa,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1269
holding in liis hand the flat object. Tlien he put it down; and as 78
|
soon as he had put it down, the thing that he had put down became
again the large carved box. Then he spread the dressed skin
|
covered with abalone shell over it. || And Yamadzalas spoke, and 80
said, "Now look at it, father-in-law, at this my privilege, this carved
|
box. Now we shall hold on to it, for there is nothing that is not in
I
this carved box — all the winter dances." Thus he said. Then
|
I
Yamadzalas sat down by the side of his wife, || and his father-in-law 85
AhiElcwala thanked him for what he had said. And these are now
|
the names of the wife of Yamadzalas, Qwex'agas and Exts!Emga.
|
And Yamadzalas stayed at Rivers Inlet and that is the beginning of
|
the names Ex'tslEmga and Qwex'agas. That is all.
|
|
Origin of the Abalone Names of the Gwa^sela
XwelageLas Hved at Tag'os — a man of the numaym Q!omk" !u- 1
|
tiEs of the Gwa^sEla. XwelageLas was not a noble man, for he
|
was only a hunter and a salmon-fisher; therefore he was said not
|
to be a chief, for || he was a common man; but the chief of the 5
numaym Q!omk' !ut!Es was Hayalk'En. They say that
| Xwe-
lageLas paddled inside of Lake, and he was just going in through
|
the place Tloxse when he saw (water) squirting upward. And at
|
g'il^Em^lawise ax^alile ax^alilEmas laase ^walas^ideda kMawats!e gil- 78
dasa. Wii, la^ine LEpsEmliLxa alag ime mEgEsgEmalaxa ex'tslEme.
Wii, hVlae Yamadzalas yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la4ae ^nek-a: "Weg-a, 80
doqwalaxiiEgump laxg'En k' !es^6k", laxg'ada k"!fiwats!ek" gildasa.
La'mesEns dadauEwelqEk', yixs k'!ei\sae k"!es g'ax g'itslaxg'ada
k"!awats!ek" g"lldasa laxwa ^naxwax ts'.etslexLEn k'!ek"!Es^a," ^nex"-
^lae. Wii, g'ax^lae Yamadzalas k '.wanodzElIlaxes gEnEme. Wa,
la^lae niola^lae nEgiimpas, yix AlnEkwala yis waklEmas. Wa, 85
he^mis la LCLEgEms gEnEmas Yamadzalase Qwex'agas lo^ Ex'tslEm-
ga. Wa, laEm^lae xlk'Ia^me Yamadzalas lax AwIkMenox". Wii,
he^mis g'iig'ELElatsa LegEme Ex'ts'.Emga lo^ Qwex'agas. Wii, laEm
laba.
Origin of the Abalone Names of the Gwa^sela
G'okula^lae XwelageLase hix Tag'osxa bEgwanEme g'aySl lax 1
'UE^memotasa Q'.omkMutlEse, yisa Gwa^sEla, yixs k' !esae naxsala
bEgwanEme XwelageLase, qaxs a^mae hauLlenoxwa. Wa, Laxae
LiiLawayox^sila. He^mis lag'ilas ^nex'so^ k"!es g'lgSma^ya, ytxs
iVmae bEgwanEmq!alama, yixs hiie g'Igamesa ^nE^memotasa Q!om- 5
k'lut'.Ese Hayalk'En. Wii, laEm^Iawise XwelageLas sex^wld qa^s la
liitsla lax DzE^lal. Wa, heEm^lawis ales lax'sala lax axas Tloxse
laa^lase dox^waLElaxa tslEtx'Eg'ostawa ^wapa. Wa, hex'^idaEm^la-
1270 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAIvIUTL [liTH. ann. 35
10 oiice XwelageLas went ashore to see where tlie || squirting came
I
from. He stepped out of his small canoe and walixcd, and he went
|
to the place where the squirting came from at low tide. The
|
squirting was half way between the lugh water mark and low water
|
mark. When lie came nearly up to it, it squirted again. Then
|
15 XwelageLas ran up to it, and || saw where the sciuirting came from.
He found a hole on the beach, and it occurred to him that there
|
might be horse-clams, for the hole was Uke those the horse-clams
|
make when they squirt water through a hole on the beach. But it
|
occurred to him that there were no horse-clams at Tag'os. Then
|
20 what troubled liis mind scjuirted again, and
ll the water squirted up
high. Then XwelageLas resolved to dig for it. He began to dig.
I |
It was evening when he reached four pearl shells. Wlien he got
|
these, which he only knew from hearsay, wliich were in the shape
|
25 of pearl shells, — those he had dug up,—he carried them along 1| and
putthem aboard his canoe. Thenhe wenthome to his house in Tag'os;
|
and when he went ashore on the beach of his house, he was met by
|
his tribe, for they were surprised that he came back in the evening,
|
because XwelageLas always stayed out ever}' night when he went.
|
30 They questioned him why he had come back in the evening, || and he
said, "Have I not found by good luck these pearl shells?" Thus he
wise XwelageLas la aLe%ta qa^s la dox^widEX g'ayoqalidzasasa
10 ts!Etx'EX"^ide. Wa, la^lae lalta laxes ya^yats!e xwaxwagilma. Wa,
la^lae qas^ida qa^s la lax g'ilyoqale dzasasa tslEtx'EX'^ide laxs
x"ats!aesae. Wa, la^lae nEguyalise ts!Etx*EX'^idaasasa tslEtx'a laxa
yaxmote LE^wa x"ats!a^ye. Wii, laEm^liiwise Elaq lagaa laqexs lae
et'.ed tslEtx'EX'^lda. Wa, laEm^lae XwelageLase dzElx^wIda cja^s
15 1a dox^wIdEx g'ayoqaledzasasa tslstx'Eg'ostalise. Wii, lil^lae q!axa
kwawise. Wa., hVlae ^nenk" !eqElaq mEtlana^ya qaxs heq!ala-mae
gwex'se kwiiwetslena^yas g'aj'oqalasasa ts!Etx"Eg"osta ^wape kwa-
wets'.ena^yas ts'.Etx'aasasa mEtlana^ye. Wa, la^lae mElx^waLEla-
qexs k"!easae mEtlanes Tag"os. Wii, la'lae et!ed ts!Etx'EX"^Ideda
20 q!eq!aeqElayas. Wii, laEm^hie alak'!iila ekMEgila ts!Etx-Ex=Idayas.
Wii, laEm^lae ts!as-ede XwelageLase qa^s -"lilp'.edeq. Wii, la^lae -'lap!-
Ida. Wii, laEm^lilwise dzaqwaxs lae lag"aa lax axasasa mosgEm
k'ogwesa. Wii, g il^Em^liiwise laLaq laxes aene^me qlaqlalastula-
qexs heE gwex'sasa k'ogwisaes la 'labiinEma. Wii, g'iix-lae diiiaq
25 qa^s g'Jg'aalExseq laxes xwiikliina. Wii, laEm^lae &Em la na^nak"
hlxes g'okwe hlx Tag'os. Wii, gil^Em^liiwise hlg'alis liix LlEma^isases
g'okwe laa^lase liilalasoses g'okulote qaxs q!ayaxaasexs g'iixae xwe-
laqaxa dziiqwa qaxs hemEnala^mae xamiilaxs laasnokwae Xwelage-
Lase. Wii, ItVlae wuLasE^wa hlx lag^ila g'iix xwelaqaxa dziiqwa.
30 Wii, la^lae ^nek'a: "EsaeLEn Logwalaxwa k'ogwesex,'' ^nex'^lae.
iioAs] FAMILY HISTORIES 1271
said. Immediately they told one another that XwelageLas had 31
I
found by good luck the pearl shells, and at once the Chief, Hayal-
|
k'En questioned XwelageLas, "Is it true that you found by good
I
luck pearl shells?" Thus he said. XwelageLas at once took the
|
four pearl shells and || showed them to Chief Hayalk'En. Chief 3h|
Hayalk'En at once said that he woidd buy the four pearl shells.
|
Then XwelageLas said, "You will buy them later on, after they have
been in the house four days." Then Chief Hayalk'En just begged
| |
him not to sell them to another person. When Hayalk'En went 40||
home, XwelageLas arose and liid his pearl shells. After he had
| |
hidden them, he went out of his house, and went into the water on
the beach; and after he had done so, he went out of the sea-water
I |
and went into his house, and he lay down on liis bed. Then he 45||
slept, and he dreamed of a well-dressed man with large abalone
|
shells hanging aU over his blanket, and abalone shells hanging from
|
his ears, and abalone shells hanging from liis nose. Then in liis
|
dream the man spoke to XwelageLas, and in his dream he said,
|
"Oh, friend! I am Pearl-SheU-Maker (K'ogwesila). I am Abalone-
Maker-of-the-World (Ex' ts lEuialag' ills) Hand I come to see, you. 50
You have found me by good luck to-day. Now go and paddle again,
|
and come to my other house at Gfiyaxste, so that yoii may obtain
|
my dress." Thus he said, and changed liis blanket. Then the
|
Wa, hex'^idaEm^liiwise ts!iik'!aIap!5lEme XwelageLas yixs Logwa- 31
laaxa k'ogwese. Wii, hex'^iihiEin-'iawisa g'fgama'ye Hayalk'Ene g'ax
wuLax XwelageLase ala^mae Logwalaxa k'ogwese, ^nex'^lae. Wa,
hex'^idaEm^lawise XwelageLas ax=edxa mosgEme k'ogwes qa^s
doqwamases laxa g'igama^ye Hayalk'Ene. Wii, la^laeda g'lgiima^ye 35
Hayalk'Ene liex'^idaEm ^nex' qa^s k'Elxwexa mosgEme k'ek'ogwesa.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'e XwelageLase ^nex" qa al^meLEs k'ElxwaLEq qo lal
moplEnxwa^s axel hixa g'okwas. Wii, laEm^laeda gTgama^ye
Hayalk'En S.Em hawaxElaq qa k'leses laxodEq lax ogMa bEgwa-
uEma. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise la nii^nakwe Hayalk'Ene laa^lase Xwela- 40
geLas Lilx'ulil qa^s q !ulal^Idexes k'ek'ogwese. Wa, g'il^Em^lawise
gwal q'.ulaLaqexs lae lawEls laxes g'okwe qa^s la la^sta laxa l!e-
ma%e. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise gwiilExs lae la^sta laxa dsmsx'e ^wilpa
qa^s lit laeL hixes g'okwe qa^s lii kiilg'alll laxes kii^le'lase. Wii, liL^lae
mex^eda. Wii, la^lae mexElasa alaEl la q!walEnk" bEgwanEmxa 45
^niixwa^ma iiwii ex'ts'.Eme tetEX"sEma^yax ^nEx^iina^yas. Wii, lii xo-
gEx"sa ex'tslEme. Wii, laxae k'edzelbalaxa ex'tslEme. Wii, hi^lae
yaq'.Eg'al^Eug'eda bEgwauEme lax XwelageLase. Wa, la^lae ^nex''-
Eng'a: "^ya, qiist, nogwaEm K'ogwesila. NogwaEm Ex'tslEmalag'lli-
saxg'Eu gaxek" doqwoL. NogwaEms Logwexwa ^nalax. Wii, 50
hag'illa et!ed sex^wIdEx qa^s laos laxEn ^uEma g'ok", lax GrEyaxste
qa^s laLaosaxg'Eu gwalaasEk'/' ^nex'^laexs lae g'amag'illle ^uex^u-
1272 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
abalone shells on the blanket disappeared and changed to pearl|
55 shells, and pearl shells were his ear-ornaments || and his nose-
ornament. Then that man, Pearl-Shell-Maker, said, "Now you
|
have seen what kind of blanket you will have. And I tell you not
|
to sell what you obtain by good luck from me, but you may give it
|
as a privilege in marriage to the husband of your daughter." Thus
he said. Then he disappeared. Immediately XwelageLas arose and
|
60 got ready. || He took with him his pearl shells, and he went down to
the beach where he had left his small canoe. Then he launched it^
|
I
and he went aboard his small canoe, when it was not yet near day-
light. Then he paddled. He went to GEvaxste, and he arrived there
|
I
65 late in the day when it was low water. He || went ashore at a hunting-
camp, and he stepped out of his small canoe and went tlu-ough|
bet\yeen the islands, and he went outside back of it. It was as|
though he heard some one speaking and telling him to go where he
was going. Then he went right to a large stone that lay on the beach
|
70 at low water mark. As soon as he reached it, he saw 1| four large
I
abalone shells lying on their backs. Lnmediately XwelageLas dug|
them and carried them up the beach on his shoulders. He was just|
strong enough to carry them. Then he arrived at the camp, and
|
he put down the foin- large abalone shells. Then he saw the remains|
75 of a fire and coals still aglow. Immediately ll he gathered the char-
53 na^yas. Wa, lasm^lae xis^ededa ex'tslEma^yas ^nEx^una^yas qa^s la
LlayugwaaLEleda k'5gwese laxa ex'ts'.Em le^wIs xogEme k'ogwesa
55 LE^wis k'edzelba-'ye. Wa, ^nex-'laeda bEgwauEm, j'ix K'ogweslUi:
"LaEms dox^waLElax gwalaasLases ^nEx^iineLaos. Wa, g'a^mesEn
wrddEniL5l qa^s k' lesaos laxotses Logwayos g'axEn, laLas k'!es^o-
giilxLalaq lax liVwiinEmases tslEdaqos xunokwa," ^nex'^laexs lae
x'ls^ida. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise XwelageLase Lax^tllila qa^s xwanal-
60 ^ide. Wa, la^lae dag'ElxLalaxes k'ogwese qa^s la lEnts!es laxa
L!Ema^ise lax ha-nedzasases xwaxwagume. Wii, la^lae wFx"stEudEq.
Wa, la^lae laxs laxes xwaxwagumaxa kMes^Em L&.la qa^s ^nax"^ide.
Wii, la-'lae sex^wida. Wii, laEm-'lae lal lax Gfiyaxste. Wii, laEm-
^hlwise giila ^nalaxs lae lag'aala Itiqexa la x'iits'.aesa. Wii, liVlae
65 lag'alis laxa g'ig'oklwale. Wii, la^lae lalta laxes yiVyats!e xwaxwa-
giim, qa^s lit (jatsa lax ftwiigawa^yas qa^s la liix L!iiseg"a^yas he
gwex's wuLElaxa yiiqiEnt'.iilaxa ^nek"a qa liis liixes la gwE-yolfilasa.
Wa, la^lae he^nakiila laxa ^walase ^mEgwes tlesEm hlx wiil-
x'lwa^yasa x'iits!a^ye. Wa, gil^Em-lilwise liig'aa laqexs lae dox^wa-
70 LElaxa nEluEL'.a mosgEm iiwa gvvaletsla. Wii, hex-'ida-'Em^liiwise
XwelageLas six^edEq qa^s g'axe t'.ex^iisdesElaq laxa L'.Ema^ise laxes
halsElaene^me l^x^s. Wii, lii^lae lag'aa laxa g-Eg-ok!wale laa^lase
ax^Elsaxa mSsgEme awa gwaletsla. Wii, La^lae dox'waLElaxa laq'.iis-
motaxs x'ix'EqiEgElsaeda tslolna. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise q!ap!eg'El-
5
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1273
coal and blew up the fire in it. He had not blown it a long time 75|
when the fire blazed up. Then he put stones on the fire that he|
had made, and he gathered dead eel-grass and put it down near the|
fire; and when the stones were white hot, he pulled away the fire;|
and when the stones were all out 1| of the fire, he gathered them up 80
and threw on the dead eelgrass. Then he took the abalones and|
I
placed them with the open side on the layer of eelgrass. Then he|
took more dead eelgrass, and put it into the water in a hole in the|
rock. Then he covered it over the four large abalones wliich were 85||
steaming. Then he sat down waiting for them to be done. Wlien
|
they were cooked, he took out the meat of the four large abalone
shells; and after he had taken out the meat, he put them aboard his
|
canoe. Then he went home running before the northwest wind. It
|
was nearly evening when he arrived at Tag'os. Then XwelageLas 90II
|
was proud on account of the four large abalone shells which he had|
found by good luck ; and he carried them on each side as he went up
the beach of his house. He did not try to hide them. Then what
|
was carried by him was seen by the men who were walking about,
|
and it was reported to the Chief Hayalk'En. Immediately Ha-|
yalk'En questioned XwelageLas about where he had been, and 95||
XwelageLas said that he had been on the inner side of Tag'os. He
|
saxa ts'.olna qa^s pox^widexa x'lX'Eq'.Eg'a^ye. Wa, wilaxdze lae ge- 75
g'ils poxwaqexs lae x'iqosta. Wii, la^lae xEXLEntsa tlesEme laxes
lEqwela^ye. Wa, la^lae q!ap!ex'^Idxa ts!ats!Esmote qa^s la lEx^alisE-
las laxa mag"hiwalisases lEgwise. Wii, g'il^Em^lawise niEnniEnltsEm-
x'ldeda t!esEmaxs lae k'elts'.jilaxagiilta. Wa, gil'Em^lawise ^wllx'-
seda giiltaxs lae q'.ap'.esgEinlisaxa x'lx'ExsEmala tlesEma. Wii, SO
la^lae lEx^alodalasa ts!iits!Esmote Laq. Wii, lii'lae ax^edxa gwalets!a
qa^s qeqEpiilamaseqexs lae axEyiats liixa ts!ak"!a ts!iits!Esm6ta.
Wii, la^lae ax^edxa waokwe ts!ats!Esmota qa^s lExstEndes laxa
q'.Ewa ^wapa. Wa, la^lae lExeg'ints liixes UEk'asE^wa mosgEine awfi,
gwaletsla. Wa, laEm^hiwise k!wiig"alis esEla qaL'.opes. Wii, g' 11- S
^Em^liiwise L!opa lae alx'^idxa mosgEme aw& gwalets'.e. Vv^ii, g'il-
^Ein^lawise' gwal Elk"aqexs lae ax^alExsas laxes xwak!iiiia. Wii,
g'tix^Em^lae nii^nak" nEq '.Exi.iilaxa dziiqlwa yala. Wii, k" les^Em^la-
wise ex'ala qa^s dzaqwexs lae lag'aa lax Tag'os. Wii, laEin^lilwise
XwelageLase LEmqes miqa^ye qaes Logwa^ya mosgEme awa gwale- 90
ts!a. Wii, la^me aEm dildanEweqexs lae lasdesEla laxa LlEina^'isases
g'okwe; k"!es qlulaLElaq. Wii, he^mis la dox^waLElatsa bebEgwa-
nEme g'EyEmg'ilsElax daakwas. Wii, lii^lae tslEk" !iiWtsE^weda g'iga-
ma^ye Hayalk'Ene. Wii, liex'^ida^Em^lawise Hayalk'En g'iix liix
g'okwas XwelageLase. Wii, laEiu^lawise Hayalk'Ene wuLax Xwe- 95
lageLas liix laasdils. Wii, lii^lae XwelageLase ^nek'Exs hex'de liida
1274 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
98 lied aljout the place, where he had been. Then IlayalkEn spoke
|
.again, and said, "But what is it the j^oung men refer to that j^ou
|
100 have got?" Thus he said. Then || XwelageLas took up one large
abalone shell and showed it to him. llien he said, "Evidently this
|
wliich I obtained by good luck is what they talk about." Thus he
said, holding up the really beautiful abalone shell, wliich was blue
I
on the inside. At once Chief Hayalk'Eu tried to take hold of them,
|
but XwelageLas said, "Don't, Chief! They are not yet secular.
I
5 Later on come and look at them, after they have been four days in11
this house." Thus he said. Then Cliief Hayalk'En just went out
|
of the house of XwelageLas, and went home to his house. He
I
really felt bad on account of XwelageLas, because he had not given
|
up the abalone shells to him; but he had tried in vain to look at|
10 them. And Hayalk'En never || looked at XwelageLas again. But
now his name was no longer XwelageLas, for he had the name|
Pearl-Shell-Maker, and so I shall call him Pearl-SheU-Maker. Tlien
|
Pearl-Shell-Maker gave to his son the name Abalone-Shell-of-the-
World. Now this made the mind of Hayalk'En really sore, and|
I
15 Hayalk'En thought how to obtain the pearl shells and|| the abalone
shells, for the pearl shells and tlie abalone shells were now cut up.
|
Then Hayalk'En started and went into the house of Pearl-Shell-
|
Maker, and Chief Hayalk'En went right to the place where Pearl-|
97 SweLa^yas Tag'os. Wii, laEm^lae Lelgwek'axes laasde. Wa, la^lae
Hayalk'En edzaqwa yaq'.Eg'a^la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Wa, ^ma-
dzatla gwE'ysisa ha^yal^a yanEmos," ^nex'^lae. Wa, hVlae Xwela-
100 geLas dax'^idxa ^nsmexLa ^walas gwalets!a qa^s doqwamases laq.
Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "G'axEnt gwE^yoseg'ada Logweg'in," ^nex'^lae
dzoxwalasa alii la ex'sto dzasas 5ts!a gwaletsla. Wa, hex'^idasm-
^lawisa glgama^ye Hayalk'En wax' dadaaq. Wii, la'lae Xwelage-
Lase ^nek'a: "Gwala, g'lgame^, qaxs k' les^maex baxus^ida. Al^Em-
5 LEs gax doqwaLEq" qaxo lal moplEnxwa^dzel liixwa g'5kwex,"
^nex'^lae. Wa, aEm'lilwisa g-igiima^ye Hayalk'En la lawEls lax
g'okwas XwelageLas, qa^s lii nii^nak" laxes g'5kwe. Ala ^yax'SEmes
naqa^ye cja XwelageLase, qaxs lae yiix'stotsa gwalets!a laqexs lae
wiix" diik'!iilaq qa^s dox^wideq. Wii, hewiixa^lat!ii etiede Hayal-
10 k'Eu doqwax XwelageLas, ylxs la^me gwalLegadEs XwelageLas, qaxs
la^me LegadEs K'ogwesila. Wii, he^mesEu liil LeqElayoLEqe K'ogwe-
slla. Wa, lii^lae Lex^ede K'ogwesila yis Ex"ts!Emalagilis laxes
bilbagume xtinokwa. Wii, heEm^liiwis la ala ts'.EX'IlamasEX n^qa-
^yas Hayalk'En. Wii, laEm^ae Hayalk'En sEna qa^s g'iiyoLasxa
15 k'ogwese LE^wa ex'tslEme qaxs lE^mae EExs^aakwa k'ogwese LE^wa
ex'ts'.Eme. Wii, la^lae qas^ida ylx Hayalk'Ene. Wa, lii^lae laeL lax
g'5kwas K'ogwesila. Wii, he^nakiilaEm^lawisa g'lgama^^'e Ilayal-
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1275
Shell-Maker was seated. Then Chief Hayalk'Eii spoke, and said,
|
"Let me look at your pearl shell and your abalone shell." Thus he 20
ll
said. At once Pearl-Shell-Maker arose and took them out of the|
I
box in which thej^ were. Then he put them down in the place'where
Chief Hayalk'En was seated. He was sittmg at the left-hand side
I
of Chief Hayalk'En. Then Chief Hayalk'En looked at the pearl 25||
I
shells; and after he had looked at the pearl shell, he looked at the
|
really beautiful blue, large abalone shells; and after he had looked
|
at them, he spoke, and said, "Now let me buy them all." Thus he|
said. Then Pearl-Shell-Maker turned his head and laughed, and
|
at that moment Hayalk'En struck him with his club on the back of
the head — with a round yew-wood club which he had hidden. 30ll
Then Pearl-Shell-Maker was dead, and Ha^^alk'En took aU the
|
abalonesheUs and pearl shells. WHienhe had almost come out of the
|
door of the house, Abalone-Shell-of-the-World came in, the son of
|
Pearl-SheU-Maker. Then Hayalk'En clubbed liim also, and he also
|
was dead. Then Hayalk'En had obtained by killing the abalone 35|i
shells and the pearl shells and the name Pearl-Shell-of-the-World for
|
the name of a man; but a woman would have the name Abalone-
|
Woman (Ex'tslEmga) and Abalone-in-House (Ex' ts lEmll) and
; |
Hayalk'En also had the name Pearl-Shell-Maker; and for a
|
woman he had the name Pearl-SheU-Maker-Woman (K'ogwesi-
k'Eii lax klwaelasas K-ogwesila. Wii, laEm^lawisa g'lgama^ye Ha- 18
yalk'En, heEm g'il yaq'.Eg'a-la. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: " Wag'adzax'En
dox^waxElaxos k'ogwesax le^wos ex'ls'.Emax," ^nex'^lae. Wa, 20
hex'^idaEm^lawise K'ogwesila Lax^ulil qa^s la ax'wuits !6dEq laxes
g-its!Ewase g-ildasa. Wii, giix-lae ax'alilas lax kiwaelasasa g'lga-
ma^ye Hayalk'En. Wii, la^lae k'.wag'alil liix gEmxagawalilasa g'lga-
ma^ye Hayalk'Ene. Wa, laEm^lawisa g'lgama^ye Hayalk'En doqwaxa
k'ogwese. Wii, gil^Em^lilwise gwiil doqwaxa kogwese lae doqwaxa 25
ala la ex'sto dzasa awa ex'ts'.Ema. Wii, g'lI^Em'lilwise gwal doqwa-
qexs lae yaq!Eg"a^ia. Wii, lii^lae ^nek"a: " Wag'adzax'En k"Elxwa
^wFlaq"," ^nex'^lae. Wii, aEm^lawise K'ogwesila lox^wida qa^s
daWde. Wii, he^mis la kwex'edaats Hayalk'Enasa q!iilaLEkwas
lex'En LlEmqIa lax awapla^yas. Wii, laEm^lae lE-le K'ogwesi- 30
lax'de. Wii, aEm^lawise Hayalk'En ^wi'la ax-'edxa ex'tslEm LE^wa
k'ogwese. Wa, heEm^lawis illes Elaq lag'aa laxa tiEX'ilasa g'okwe
g'axaas g'axeLEle Ex'ts'.Emalag'ilis, ylx xijnox"das K'ogwesilax'de.
Wa, laEmxaa Hayalk'En kwex^edEcj. Wii, laEmxae lE^la. Wii,
la^me Hayalk'En kwexi"inEmaxa ex'tslEin LE-'wa k'ogwese; wa, 35
he^misa LeLEgEme ExtslEmalag'llis. Wa, laEm LegEmsa bEgwa-
uEm. Wii, g'il'mese ts!Ediiqa lae LegadEs Ex'ts!Emga l5^ Ex'stlE-
mll. Wii, lilEinxaawise LegadEs K'ogwesila, ylx Hayalk'Ene. Wa,
g'il^mese ts'.Edaqa lae LegadEs K'ogwesilajrugwa. Wa, laEm;k'!e§,s
1276 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etiiasn. 35
40 layiigwa). And notliiiio; 1! was said against him by all the men,
because he had clubl>cd Pearl-Shell-Maker, because he was a com-
|
mon man.
|
Then the chief, of the numaym, Ts lets !EmelEqala of the Na-
|
k!wax'da^x^, whose name was Kwax'ilanokume, who had many
younger brothers nine of them, all men — learned about this.
|
45 Immediately Cliief || Kwax'ilanokiime asked his younger brothers
to paddle with him, and at once they launched the large canoe of the
|
cliief. Then he requested his yoimger brothers to take along their
I
weapons, and his younger brothers did so. The brothers were
|
living at the place G6x"gula. Then the nine brothers went aboard
|
50 their war canoe, and the cliief was asked by his1| younger brothers
|
where they were going. Then the cliief said, "We will go and see
|
Chief Hayalk'Eu at Tag'os." Thus he said. Then they paddled,
|
and it was not nearly evening when they hauled up their canoe out-
|
55 side of the point of Tag'os. Immediately II two of the younger
brothers of the chief went, being sent by the chief their eldest
|
brother to go scouting to the house of Cliief Hayalk'En. They
|
started, and it was not long before the scouts returned, and they
|
said that there were only two, and they named Hayalk'En and
|
60 his wife. Then they said that 1| thej' would go right away, for it
40 waldEmsa ^naxwa bEgwanEmx Hayalk'Enaxs lae kwex'IdEx K'ogwe-
sllax'de, qaxs bEgwanEmq!rdamae.
Wa, la^lae q!aledag"Igama^yasa ^nE^memotasa Ts!ets!EmelEqalasa.
Nak!wax'da^x"xa LegadEs Kwaxilanokiime.yixa q!cnEmas ts!ats!a-
^yaxa ^na^nEmok'.wabEgwanEmx'sii. Wa,hex'^idaEm^lawisa gigama-
45 ^ye Kwaxilanokunie axk'!alaxes tslats'.a^ya qa^s la sex^wid LE^we.
Wii, liex'^daEm^lawise wlx-stanowe ^walas xwaklunasa g'lgama^ye
Wa, la^lae axk' !alaxcs ts !ats !a'ya qa daxsElesexes dadaak !wema. Wa,
he^Em^lawise gwex'^ide ts!ats!a^yas lax hena^yas g'okuleda ^nE^meme
axas Gox"gula. Wa, la^lae hoguxseda ^na^nEmok'.wa ^UE^mema laxes
50 winatsle xwakluna. Wa, hx^lae wuLasE^weda g'lgama^yases ts!ats!a-
^ya laxes gwegEmLa^yaasLa. Wa, la^lae ^nek'eda gig3,ma^ye. "La-
LEns doqwalxa gigama^yae Hayalk'Ena lax Tag'os," ^nex^^lae. Wa,
la^lae sex^wida. Wii, k'!es^Em^lawise Lala qa^s dzaqwexs lae leI-
x'^ida laxLlasadza^yas awllba^yas Tag'os. Wa, hex'^idaEm^lawise la
55 qas^ideda ma^lokwe lax ts!ats!a^yasa g'lgama^yexa ^yahigEmases
g'lgama^ye ^nolastlEgEma^ya qa las dasdoqwax g'okwasa g'lgama-
^yae Hayalk'En. Wii, lax'da^x"'lae q.as^ida. Wii, k'!es^]at!a galaxs
g'axae aedaaqeda diisdoqwa. Wii, laEm^lae ^ek'Exs ma^lokltis-
^maeda Lex-'etsE^was Kayalk'Enases gEUEme. Wii, lii^lae ^nek' qa^s
60 lalag'i ^Em ^wFla qas^ida qa^she eg'ase ha^li^lala k'!elax'^idEq. Wa,
BOAS] FAMILY HISTORIES 1277
would be best to kill them quickly. Then they all started and came 61
|
out of the woods from behind and kiUed the chief and his wife.
|
Then Chief Kwax'ilanokiime went into the house, and he took aU
|
the pearl shells and the abalone shells. Then they went home.
I
He had || obtained tliem in war, together with the names Abalone- 65
Shell-of-the-World and Pearl-Shell-Maker; and the names never
|
went back to the Gwa^sEla, for they were obtained in war by the
|
late Chief Kwax ilanokume of the numaym Ts!ets!EmelEqalaof the
|
Naklwax'da^x". Nothing was said against the Naklwax'da^x",
|
because they really had obtained them in war. That is the end. ||
lax'da^x"^lae ^wFla qas^ida. Wii, laEm^lae g'ayoltlEndExs laekMe- 61
lax'^idxa g'Igamex'de LE^wis gEUEmx'de. Wa, la^lae laeLeda g'iga-
ma^ye Kwaxilanoktima^ye laxa g'okwe. Wa, laEm ^lae ax^ed ^wi-
^laxa k^ogwese LE^wa ex'tslEme. Wii, g"ax^me na^nakwa. Wa, la^me
wInanEmaq LE^wis LeLEgsme Ex'tslEmalagulis lo^ K'ogwesila. Wa, 65
la^me hewaxa la aedaaqaxa LeLEgEme laxa Gwa^sEla qaxs g'axae
^wFla wlnauEmsa gigamayolae Kwax'llaiioktlma^yasa ^nE^memo-
tasa TsIets'.EinelEqalasa Nak'.wax'da^x". Wa, laEm kMeas waidEin-
xa Nak!wax'da^x" qaxs alae wInanEmaq. Wa, laEm laba.

IX. SONGS
Song of a Speaker'
1. Is our chief going to give a great potlatch again? Is he the 1
|
one who is going to give a great potlatcli, the only tall, great chief,
yourinviter, chief?
|
|
Ah, this IS our name, tribes ! All, this is the greatII house of our 5
famous one, tribes!—It speaks, the great house, your great famous
|
one, tribes! Like hunger sounds tliis great house, carrymg in one
|
hand the tribes all around the world! It sounds hke hunger for
|
those at the far end of the world, tribes ! Go on, cliief, invite them
to come to make a turmoil, and to harden the floor of the large house
I
of our chief, tribes! Now he is going to show his greatII name, the 10
one who calls the many tribes to meet. Now, you, great one, busy
|
yourself again, and invite the tribes all around the world to
| come to
a potlatch to the tribes all along the world. Never mind them,
|
chief ! Never mind tliem, cliief of the tribes ! You give presents to
|
them. You give again double amount, the same amount || of prop- 15
erty on top of the fu'st amount, to those invited from time to time by
our chief, tribes! O chief! don't look ahead, but go right| on in tlie
Song of a Speaker
1. La^maxatiox ^mE'mx"fi,ha'dzeLEns g"IgSma^ye. He'^maxat!ax 1
^mE'mx'owa ^nE'mts!agedze gl'gama^ya Le'lalEwax"g"aos g'i'ga-
ma^ya.
A'dzeyasEns Le'gEmaxg'ins le'lqwalaLa^ya. A'dzeyasa g"6'x"-
dzeyasEns La'x-Elgwitgins le'lqwalaLa^ya. Ya'q!Ent!ala g'6x"dze- 5
ya ts!e'lwux"LEndzeyag'6s le'lqwalaLa^ya. Po'^wek' ialag'a g'o'x"-
dzeya go'xulalisax he'he^stalisa le'lqwalaLa^ya. Po'^wek' !alag\ax
qwe'sEnxe-iisas le'lqwalaLa^ya. We'g'ax'os g'i'gama^ya Le'lElal qa
g'a'xlag'aeltse lomotElaLa p!a'p!edzela'yaLax g'6'x"dzeyasEns g"i'-
gama^ya, le'lqwalaLa^ya. La'dzeEmxak" Le'qayalg'a q!e'q!Eg&,^las- 10
g'as le'lqwalaLa^ye. La'dzeEmxas e'tEles ya'^wix'iles la'e^stalisEla
Le'ltse^sta'lisElag'a ^max"se^'sta'lisEla g-ax le'lqwalaLa^j^e. Wa'x'-
^Emax^ox g'i'gama^ya, wa'x-Iag'aE'max'ox g'l'gama^yas le'lqwa-
laLai'! Ts!o'ts!ek'a'yaLa e'tkMEwesi^lalaLa gwa'^naqa'yaLa ya'gwe-
k'a'yaLax Le'^lalEwax" ^na'xwayasEns g^Igama^ya, le'IqwalaLai' ! 15
1 Song belonging to a carved figure of chief Qlomkinis of the NagEmgilisilla, now in the American
Museum of Natural History, New Yorlj, (Cat. No. 16:7960). See Publications of the Jesup North Pacific
E.xpedition, Vol, V., pi. 45, flg. 4.
1279
!
1280 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 36
17 world; for my ancestor obtained a supernatural treasure,—the
|
power to increase his property. This great one called himself
|
The-Great-Past-Increaser-of-Propert)'. Therefore I am covered with
property. Therefore I am rich. Therefore I am a counter of prop-
erty, your chief, tribes! Therefore, I am famous, the chief of ||
I
20 those who have our chief for their chief, tribes ! Is he again going to
|
give a great potlatch ? Hawa
|
2. Is he again going to give a great potlatch, our chief? Is he
|
the one who is going to give a potlatch, the great tall chief?—your
inviter chief ? Go on, chief ! Give them more than they can carry,
|
25 so that my chief imder me must give up (his attempts to do as
II
you do), for now is wide open, broad and open, far all around, the
|
potlatch of our chief, ti-ibes! Don't let them make a noise and let
j
me wait, those tribes ail around ! Is he not going to give property to
|
the tribes at the far edge of the world, who are invited by our chief?
|
30 Don'tlet the chiefs of the tribeslook, else theymay die, watching the
II |
incomparable feast, the invited tribes ! If you were invited here, you
would be proud, you would talk proudly, chief under our chief,
] |
tribes ! Don' t run about, whispering, talking tlu'ough your noses,
|
35 talking against my chief ! Let us wish for more, and go nearer and
||
ask our chief to give us more, tribes! Now I am afraid of our
|
head man who goes all around among the tribes; therefore I praise
|
16 Gwa'lax'os g'i'gama^ya gwa'^nalayaLa qa'sax'sa'lagillsa a'naxLEn
gi'qag'e'wayEn Lo'gwalax ba'xilla'lila. Wa'leda q!ulexLe'yadze
ba'xiilalildzeyota a'myadalalg-IlEn; qie'yadalalg-ilEn: ha'wasElal-
g'ilEn g'l'gama^yos, le'lqwalaLai! Ts!e'lwalahag-llEn g'i'gama^yaisa
20 g'igedasEns g'i'g&ma^yas le'lqwalaLai'! La^maxa't!o ^mE'mx'awa:
hawa.
2. La'^maxat!ax^mE'mx-6wahadzeLEnsg-I'gama^ye. He'^maxat!ox
^mE'mx'owa ^nE'mts!agedzex g'l'gftma^ya Le'lalEwaox"g'a6s gl'ga-
ma^ya. We'g"ax'os g'igama^ya ya'yaayaLa La'laplayaLa yti'x-id-
25 gllalxEn gigabE'wa^ya, la'dzeyaE'mx" ^ya'sElelxwa le'qElelxwa qwe'-
se^stalelxwa ^ma'^max"dEmesg'asEns g'l'gama^ya lelqwalaLai'. Gwa'-
laxi wuPE'mLa qa'pElaLa e'sElaxelaxga la'e-stalesg'a le'ElqwalaLai'.
La'^maxat!o ma'k'EnxElTsa qwe'sEnxelisas le'lqwalaLai' Le'^lalE-
wax"sEns g'l'gama^yex, le'lqwalaLai'. Gwa'lax'i do'qwalayaLe g'i'g"i-
30 gama^yas le'lqwalaLai a'LalaxLe do'gwalesEmlaxg'a lEna'lag'aos
Le'lalEwax"g"aos, le'lqwalaLai', qosne'sLai Le'^lalEwaxwa, ^ya'laqai-
g'anEmlaxas, y{i'q!Endasg-anEmlaxas g'igabEwesEns g-Tgama'yex
le'lqwalaLai'. Gwa'llaxl ya'xi-lalaLa 6'pFlalaLa xi'ndzasalaLa
he'motayalxEn gi'gama^yai. A'lag'a^max'lns awE'lqala'yaLa ha'm-
35 xwalayaLa q!a'q!egE^ma'yal la'xEns g'i'gXma^yex, le'lqwalaLai'.
LaE'mxat!En ts!E'ndk'ayaxgin ^na'mokwages^mex' la'e^stalisEl lax
BOAS] SONGS ' 1281
the chief of the subjects, chiefs of the tribes ! Is he going to give a
|
potlatch? Howe!
|
3. Is he going to give a great potlatch, our chief? Is he the one
||
who is going to give a great potlatch, the great tall chief, your 40
inviter, chief? I am the fii'st of the tribes, the only one of the
|
tribes, I am the great one who invited at the beginning the tribes aU
|
around, I am the only one among the tribes. The chiefs of the tribes
| |
are only their own chiefs. I am the only one among the tribes. I 45||
search for one who equals my highness among the chiefs who are
|
invited among all the chiefs of the tribes. Evidently there is no
|
chief among the guests, among all the chiefs of the tribes. The chiefs
|
of the tribes never return (feasts). They are added to the speakei-s
|
of this great liouse of the one who is ah-eady chief of the speakers, the 50||
orphans, the poor people, chiefs of the tribes ! for they disgrace them-
|
selves, and you rise as head chief over those who have disgraced them-|
selves, tribes ! I am the one who is giving these sea-otters to the
|
chiefs, the guests, the chiefs of the tribes, I am the one who is giving
|
coppers to the chiefs, the guests, all the chiefs of the tribes, I am|| 55
the one who is giving canoes to the chiefs, the guests, the chiefs of the|
tribes. Does he hear the chief under our chief tribes? Go on, chief,
, |
let him be behind you, chief of the tribes ! Goon, cliief, giveaway 60
|
||
le'lqwalaLai. TslE'l^walahag'IlEu gi'gilma^yasa g'l'gedasEus gi'- 37
gama^yas le'lqwalaLai'. La'^maxat!6 ^niE'mx'owa, howe'.
3. La'^maxat!ox ^mE'mx'o hetsleLEus g'i'game^ He'^maxatlox
^mE'mx'owa ^uE'mtsIagedze g'l'gama^ya Le'^lalEwaox"g-aos g'i'ga- 40
ma^ya. No'gwaEmxa lEqwe'tEmai ^UE'msgEmg'itEmesa le'lqwa-
laLai'. No'gwaEmxa ga'g'alaq !ayadze Le'lElalxa he'yistalisa lelqwa-
laLai'; ^nE'msgEmg'itEmai^EmxEn le'lqwalaLai'; a'Emxaa o'x"wasila
g'l'g'Egama-'yas le'lqwalaLai'; ^nE'msgEmg'itEmes le'lqwalaLai, ya'-
laegln d6'q!uqa'ya qEn g'i'g'aqoleswut lax g'i'g'Egama^yas Le'^lalE- 45
wax"naxwa'^yasEn g'i'gayama.^yex, le'^lqwalaLai'. K" lea'sxEnt^ya
g'i'gamaesa Le'^lalEwax"naxwa'^yasa g'i'gama^yex, le'lqwalaLai'.
A'^meg'as hEklwa^na'kulag'a g'i'g^Egamex'das le'lqwalaLai'
g'l'n^wayaxa E'lkullhiaxwa'^yasg'a g"5'x"dzeyasg"a gwa'lesdze
E'lgwedea xa'medeya qia'medeya g'lgama^yas le'lqwS,laLai. e'u- 50
^ya^wesLai q!a'mq!amg'ilai he'l6ts!ac|6lise g-i'g^Eqag'Iweg'as
qla'medeyag'os, le'lqwalaLai'. No'gwaEmxa q !a'q lEsagEmaxa
g'i'g'Egama^yas Le'^lalEwax"naxwa^yasEns g'i'gama^yex le'lqwala-
Lai'. No'gwaEmxa L!a'L!EqwagEmax g'i'g'Egama^yas Le'-'IalEwax"-
naxwa^yasEns g'i'g'Egama^yex le'lqwalaLai'. No'gwaEmxa sa'k'a- 55
xElax gl'g'Egama^yas Le'^lalEwax"naxwa^yasEns g'i'gama^yex, le'l-
qwalaLai'. WuLEla'mai ha'yaxwe^mesas g'i'gabowa^yaxEns g'i'ga-
ma^yex, lelqwalaLai'. We'g'ax'os g'i'gama^ya e'x'aeLa a'lag^-
wa'ye g'i'gama^yasLC, le'lqwalaLai'. We'g"ax'5s g'i'gama^ya
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 32
!
1282 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 36
61 much property, so that the chiefs may also give much, the invited
|
ones, the chiefs of the tribes! They do not give potlatches in their
|
quahty of being chiefs to all the tribes, when they give away,
| as
compared to your giving away all around the world, chief of the
tribes ! for you wish to give away property that is not to be re-
|
turned, our chief ! tribes ! Go on, now ! let me try to imitate the
I
65 cry of the bluejay of the tribes, those who speak first to our chief,
||
|
who strike first at this chief. Thus the names of these four tribes
|
are famous. O chief! don't try in vain to vanquish /ne and to
|
throw behind you your guests, you who know how to tlirow, chiefs
I
/'O Therefore I am known by all the chiefs of the people of our chief
||
of the tribes. Is he the one who is going to give a great potlatch ?
Howii!
La'qolas' Song '
1 1. However, our great real cliief will again utter the Dz6noq!wa
sound, Ho liowii, ohawe, hawa!
I |
The !great one, however, will cry, " Oh " will utter the Dzonoq !wa
sound. They will be frightened, they will be full of terror, the
]
whole number of those who have been invited to the potlatch
5 to be given to them all at once by our chief, tribes !||
|
He invited all the tribes. I
CO q!e'q!Ese'hiLa wul^me'idze q!e'q!Es^e'dEl g'i'g'tgama'yas Le'^lalE-
wax:"naxwa^yasEns g'i'gama^ya, le'lqwalaLai'. We'laxwe ^ma'-
xwag'lle g'i'qElaena^yasg"a g'i'qElaenesg'a la'e-stallsEla g'ax le'l-
qwalaLai'; gwa'^nalak'as he'lbEta hEk!wa'g"ila^y6wasEns gi'ga-
ma^yex, le'lqw&laLai'. We'g'ax'i owa'EmLa ha'g'lLe kwa'skwasa
65 kwa'^yalagasa le'lqwalaLai' g'a'g'alaq!a'3'adzlig'lns g'l'gama^ya,
g"a'laqax%e'^lag'aqo gl'gama^ya. He'kas-Em ts!e'l^walag"iltsg"a
Le'qa^yasg'a mo'sga^ma'kwe le'lqwalaLai. Gwa'lax'os g'i'gftma^ya
he'nakilaLa la'lagE^wa ts!a'ts!aci!EXLa'la g"ax6x Le'^lalEwaxos; ts!E-
x^e'daenoxdze g'i'gama^ya; ts!e'lwalahag'ilEu gi'g&raa^yaesag'i'ge-
70 dasEns g'i'g&ma^yas le'lqw&laLai'. La'^maxat!o ^mE'mx'owa howa'.
La'qolas' Song'
1 1. La^me'Laxaox dzo'noqwadzeLEns g'i'g&ma^yexkas^owa. Ho
howa', oliawe, hawa'.
Ladze'^meLaox o'xwayaLa dzo'noqwayaLa k'i'k'e^lElaLa ts!E'nde-
kMIlaLa ^wa'xax'dEmaxsox Le'laiowakwex ^mE'nix'a^wakwex
5 ^nE'mp!Eng"ilex"LaxsEns g'i'gama^yex, le'lqwfi-laLe.
La'ySlex Le'lalo'wolxa wi'wulsg&makwa le'lqwalaLai'.
I Collected by F. Boas 1900.
BOAS] SONGS 1283
He gave everything [to their faces], he shoved along all the tribes. 9|
He allowed small pieces, he allowed pieces chiseled off for all the ||
tribes. 10
|
He made satiated aU the tribes.
|
Therefore my name, the great name by which I name myself, is
Great-One-from-Whom-Everything-Comes, Great-Giver,
|
Great-Copper -Giver, Great - One - from-Whom - Few-Coppers-
are-obtained, chiefs!
2. However, our great real chief will again utter the Dzonoq !wa
sound.
II
That it is only the cause wh}- 1 laugh, the cause why I always 15
laugh at the one who is hard up, the one who looks around here|
and there, the silencer, the one who points about for his ances-
tors who were chiefs.
|
]
The little ones who have no ancestors who were chiefs, the httle
ones who have no names coming from their grandfathers, the|
Uttle ones who do many kinds of work, the little ones who work
hard, who made mistakes coming from insignificant places in the 20||
world (and who try now to go to high places)—they are the
cause why I laugh, for they speak in vain to my chief, tribes,
| j
But he does not work and plan at all, the great real one, the great
one whose voice is true; he continues from one generation to
j
the other in this world, he continues as one who is made to be
the highest in rank with his great real father, the one who named]
himself Having-Food, chief. II
La'yolex a'm^amgamo^la wi'oqumola wrwulsgamakwa le'lqwa- 7
laLai.
La'yolex tso'tsElexesala qlE'lqlatisalolxa wl'wulsgamakwa le'l-
qwalaLal'. 10
La'yolex mE'nmEnlilola wI'wQlsgamakwe le'lqwalaLai'.
Le'gEmg'iltsEn Le'gEmdzeaxg'in q!u'lexLe'a^maex g-ayoLE'ladze
awoLE'ladze LlaqoLE'ladze Lla'qoLasEmaidze g-i'g'Egama^ye.
I^a^me'Laxaox dzo'noqwiidzeLEns g'i'g'ama^yexk'as^owa.
A'g'il^a'maLEu da'-lEmnokwa da'sda^lEmnox"sa la'laxwllaxwa 15
mE'lmElsElaxwa sE'n^ias^owaxwa tsla'mi^lala qa^s gl'qag"!-
wa^ya.
K'leo'smEnexwe g-i'qag-iwa^ya; k' leo'smEnexwe ga'gasElalekwa
yawixts'.owamEnexwa ma'niElxtslowamEne'xwe Le'qumsto-
hsaxes g-a'yimg"ilidzasmEne'x"sEn da'sda^lE'mEu lax he'na- 20
k'lalaxEn g'i'gama^yex, le'lqwalaLai'.
Wa'^laeLox ya'wix'ayoxda ii'ladzex a'lakMaladzex he'yagowisex
me'matowise kwa'kwex"sllax" LE^wis o'mpk'as'owaxa q!u'lex-
Leola ha'mdzideola g'i'gama^ya.
I
1284 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 36
25 That it is only the cause why I laugh, the cause why 1 always
laugli at those who always rush up to my face, the little ones
|
who rush against (?) (pieces of copper) thrown against mj'
chief here, ] tribes.
|
3. However, our great real chief will again utter the Dz6noq!wa
sound.
Therefore it is only the cause why I laugh, the cause why I always
30 laugh at the talk of these little ones, the chiefs who are (in
||
rank) under our chief, tribes.
|
In vain they try to be the only ones, to be chiefs, while they are
but (those who receive) leavings, echoing the names of our
|
chief, tribes.
I |
I mean those who are going toward the head of the house, who
35 move about in the house, desiring to equal my great crest,
||
when I was given first, when (presents) were handed down to
me first, when I always received first, all tribes.
|
|
Great is their sound of swallowing in the tliroat, their sound of
gulping in the tliroat, their ruffled feathers, trying to steal,
|
trying to bite pieces off the great crest of our chief, tribes.
| ||
40 Don't fear the great one like to a great overhanging moimtain,
|
wlio should ])e this way, the chief, tribes!
|
25 A'g'il^amaLEn da'^lEmnokwa da'sda^lEmnox"sa h&'mhamxa'ma-
xwa ha'xwasmE'nexwa k' !a'g-ita^yaxEn g'i'g&ma^yex le'lqwft-
hiLai'.
3. La^me'Laxaox dzo'noqwadzeLEns g'l'gamak'as^owe.
A'g'il-a'masLEn da'^lEmnokwa da'sda^lEmnokwas wo'klEmE-
30 ne'xwa g'igaboesEns g'l'gama^yex le'lqwaLai'.
Wu'1-maex a'awalag'Uisle g'i'g'Egamexoxs a'^mayaxLa ha'ya-
niota, kintkink"its6 Le'LEgamaxsEnts g"i'g"Egtima=yex le'lqwa-
laLai.
GwE^yuo'xda ^na'lolilElaexwa xe^molIlElaexwa me'masElaxEn
35 k'!e's^6dze'axgin xa'maxElakwek" g'fi'laxElakwe g'a'g'ilgEm-
x'sllakwa wi'wQlsgEmakwa le'lqwSlaLai'.
Ai'k'aaix mEklwa'lElxo nEq!wa'lElxo tse'x"sbEx'SE'mala wa'-
xaai g"a'g'iloL!ayaak'a q !a'q!ak'alax6 k"!e's^odzeaxsEns g"i'-
gama^ye le'lqwalaLai.
40 K^ie'dzowasya k'ilE'lasa ^nEma'gEmlidze kMo'xkMegwTdze naE'n-
g'adze ^na'qogumlldze gu'gama^ye le'lqwalaLai.
boas] songs 1285
Song of Ewanux"dze, Chief of the Maamtag'^a
1. Let our property remain alive (under the attacks) of the reckless 1
chief ! Let our copper remain unbroken by the reckless chief !
I |
Ye, yaa, hk.
\
2. Do not let our chief do so! He liimself made disappear those
||
who owned the names of (our) property, of the great copper 5
made expensive by him, the great surpassing one, tlie great
|
one farthest ahead, the great copper-breal^er dancer, the great
|
copper-cutter, the great one who throws (coppers) into the sea
this reckless chief. Ye, yaa, ha !
|
|
3. I thought in vain that another one was making coppers for you,
tribe ! Behold, he is the one who brought it forth by giving
|| 10
birth in the house, the maker of coppers with imbroken backs '
|
all around this great house, the rich cliief . Ye, yaa, hsl.
|
4. The great one sat up above in the house built in the middle of
|
this great house, this rich chief! Ye, ya, ha, ha! Oh, if oiu*
|
chief would out of envy return the great copper made to be
|| 15
expensive; the great surpassing one, the great one farthest
ahead, for you are getting to be great, O tribe! because you
|
continually pick up and gather in the coppers brought by the
|
rich chief. Ye, yaa, ha!
I |
Song of Ewanux'^dze, Chief of the Maamtagila
1. Ha, qQlanuxdzE^wa lax'Ens yaexLEna laxwa UEnolox g'lgama^ya l
sEnx's^alanux"dzE^wa lax'Ens L!aL!aqwax laxwa nEnolox g'lga-
ma^ya; ye, yaa, ha.
2. Gwaq!anax"dzE^wax"Eiis g'igama^yex he q!alosEmas x'ayEmx'^i-
damas LeLEgEnux"ses yaexLEiiases awagwilasE^wa L!aqwagi- 5
laso^dze^ya heweyak'illdze k" !es^oyak"ilidze lElax's^Eiidalaidze
q!Eq!Eltalaldze sapstEndalaldzexwa nEnolodzex g'lgama^ya;
ye, yaa, ha.
3. Wui^meg'in ^nex'qe ogMa L!aqwag"ila qa^s lelqwalaLai', yo^ma-
xoL qElxela mEmyoLElag'ililas heak'Ela Em^ak"Elaxox awl- 10
^staliltsa g'oxdzeg'a q!omogwehax g'Tg^ma^ya; ye, yaa, ha.
4. LadzeEm^lae k!wak!wag'ustalisLa E^mo^yolesaL g'og'oyolisaitses
g'6x"dzeyaxwa q!omogwehex g"igS,ma^ya; ye, yaa, ha. Al^Em-
^nesLag"anu^x" g'Igamek" yax"stos^alisases awagwilaso^ Liaqwa-
g'ilaso^dzeya heweyakilldze k'!es^6yakilldzex6xs he^macx lagi- 15
los la ^walats!Emax"^idax6x a^maex la ha^yalalagilis mamana-
lagilis q!waq!wap!Elag'llis lax L!aqwag'ostEwa^yos q!6mogwe
glgama^ya; ye, yaa, ha.
2 That means, that he gave only whole, unbroken coppers.
1286 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ANN. 36
Song of Tsex^wid, Chief of the SenlIem (Traditional Song)
1 1. Go on! Groat cause of fear, great means of causing fear, great
cause of terror, great terror of the chiefs. Ya, hela, ha !
| |
2. Go on! Shout, oh, great Dzonoq!\va! Try to terrorize the
|
chiefs under my own great name, Great-One-causing-Collapse,
5 Great-One-causing-Weakness, Great-Surpassing-One, Great-
||
One-Farthest-Ahead, Great-Only-Face, Great-Highest Dzo-
noq !wa among the chiefs. Hela, ha ! Where is the one who
|
is continually tormented by me, who is made a spealier by me ?
|
Hela, ha !
I
3. Do go on! Great LElaxtiodalal, great Amaxulal, my own great
name ^maxwalayilis, Going-up-from-the-beach, great Q!Qmx'-
|
lU Elag'ilis, great Ma^nakiila, great GweyoltsEla, great Kwaxi-
||
lanokume^, great TsExtsExwaUs, great TsEx^wId. Wliere is
|
the one who is continually tormented by me, who is made a
|
speaker by me? Hela, ha !
|
4. Go on! Give away property at one time, that is given away in
many parts, that is not given to everybody. He tried first to
|
15 invite the great one who is invited by me. Hela hehe hela!|
||
Song of Tsex^wid, Chief of the SiiNL!EM (Traditional Song)
1 1. Wag'adz4 k"ilEmdze k'ak'alE^ma^yodze ts!ats!EndEk'!ayodze ts!E-
dEg"Emgeledzes g'Ig'Egamaya helS. ha.
2. Wfig'adza oxwadzeya Dzonoq!wadzeya tslEiidEk' !Elalxes g'lga-
bEwa^yos (jiulexLEyadze wiil^edg'iladze ^yak'ax-idgiladze lie-
5 ^weyakilidze k^ !es^oyak"Llidze ^na^nEmsgEmedze dzonoq!wa-
gilidzek'ats g'ig"Egamk"as^o hela ha. ^we^stadzEii 'yalasE^wa
momasasE^wa eyElkwIlasE^wa heli\ ha.
3. Wagadza LElaxt!odalaldze Amaxfllaldze q!ulexLEyadze ^maxwa-
lag ilidze G'ayosdeyadze Q!umx'Elagilidze Ma^nakuladze Gwe-
10 ^yoltsEladze Kwax'ilanokumedze TsExtsExwaledze TsEx^wIde-
yadze. ^we^stadzEn ^yalasE^waxEn momasasE^waxEn momasasE-
^waxEii eyElkwilasE^wa, hela ha. '
4. WagadzE^wa ^na^namgE-'waLa q !weq !wasE-wa q!wanagilayo we-
yobag'ilayo wax'de gilgUis LelElaxg'EU LelalEwax"dzeg"a, hela
15 he he hela.
.
iii'AS] SONGS 1287
Song of QIumxod, Chief of the Laalaxs^endayo
1 I greatly fear our chief, O tribes ! I tremble of this great means 1
|
of causing fear, of his means of causing terror, of the great
cause of terror. Let us try to calm down our chief, O tribes,
| |
else we shall be the object of our chief's anger, O tribes! 5||
Wa, ha, ha !
|
2. Now it is finished, it is finished already what is to be given away,
to be thrown away by the prince of our (chief from whom we)
|
always pick (property) and who feeds us, O tribes, he who has
|
his own great name, great Amaxfdal, great P !ep ladzEyo,
|
great PlilsElal, great iJaqwag'ila, great One-Farthest-ahead,
||
chief. 10
I
3. Behold it is nicely finished, O tribes ! what you arc doing, O tribes !
|
You Uttle ones who try to imitate below what is done in this
world at the great height of the chiefs. Don't try in vain to
|
say this, chiefs, just keep on walking along, walking ahead
|
of the little ones who deUberate, the httle hard-struggUng 15
II
ones, the httle ones whom you have vanquished, who prom-
|
ise to give away canoes, the little ones to whom property is
given, the little ones who call property, the little ones who
|
work secretly for property, the httle traitors, chiefs of the
|
tribes.
|
Song of QIumx'od, Chief of the Laalax's^endayo
1. KilEleg'in ^walepElasEns g"Igama^yex, lelqwalaLai. LapEJegin i
^walepElasox k'ak'alE^mayodzeya ts!ats!EndEk"!ayodze tslEuds-
g"Emgeledze. WanolElax'Eiis yoilaLa yolE^melxEns g'lgama-
^yex, lelqwalaLai, aLalaxLEiis alaEmlax tslEiigiim laxsEns g'lgS.-
ma^yex, lelqwalaLai', wa, ha, ha. 5
2. LadzeEm la gwal alesa gwalex'^alisa wEyoqumayo q!Qmx'6da^yosa
LawElgamesEiis ha^yahllasa mamanalasa papewalasag"Ens lel-
qwalaLai. Wa, leda q!ijlexLE^yadze Aniaxfilaidze, P!ep!adzE-
yodze, PlasElaldze, Llaqwag'iladze, KMes^oyak'ilidze g'Ig"Eg&-
ma^ya. ' iq
3. Wakunalda^xoL lelqwalaLai, ^wi^wiilaqEledzas lelqwrdaLai, wax"-
niEnexwaex k'.wexabE^wegilis gwegwalag'ilisdEmsa naqogEm-
ledzes g'lg'Egama^ya. Gwailas wul^Em ^nex'dze yoLai g'lg'Ega-
ma^ya alag'a^max'os hayolisEla qii^nakiilaLa g'ag'ElagEmdalalxa
gex'gaesmEnexwa lElxumlesmEuexwa ^yaqomesniEnexwa sak'a- 15
xodEsgEmles. AmaLal awElga^yomEnex goLa^yomEiiex ma-
mElx'tslE^waniEnex gwa^naq!enox"mEnex, g'lg'Egama^yas lel-
qwalaLai.
1288 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (eth. ann. 35
Song of l Iasoti^wams, Chief of tue Yaex'ageme^ of the
q !omoya^te
1 1. Wa, out of the way! wk h& hEwa! Wii, out of the way! Turn
your faces that I may give way to my anger by striking my
|
fellow-chiefs. Wa, ha, ya !
|
2. Wa, great pot.latch! wa ha hEwa! Wa, great potlatch, greatest
potlatch ! The little supernatural ones only pretend, the little
I
5 stubborn ones. They only sell one copper again and again||
and give it away to the little chiefs of the tribes. Wa, ha,
|
hEwa!
I
3. Ah, do not in vain ask for mercy, wk, ha hEwa! Ah, do not in
vain ask for mere}' and raise your hands, you with lolling
I
tongues! I shall not be foohsh, I shall break, I shall let dis-
|
10 appear the great (copper) that has the name K' !Ents!egum,||
the property of the great foohsh one, the great extravagant
one, the great surpassing one, the one farthest ahead, the
I
greatest Dzonoq !wa among the cliiefs. Wa ha liEwa !
|
|
Song of lIasoti^walis, Chief of the Yaexageme^ of the
q!omoya^ye
1 1. Wa, g'o^wala, wa h&, hEwii. Wa, g'o^wala. Wii, eqwala qEn las-
tlEqa^ya qEn k" !ak' !elak' lalexEn g'ig'Eg&ma^yota. W§,, ha, ya.
2. Wa, ^walasila, wa, ha, liEwa. Wii, ^walasila, wii ^nolag'ihi, ha,
E^wamLii ^nawalax^mEnexwa oneqwamEnexwa. Wii, ^uEmsgE-
5 me L!aqwas hebeliilayos qa^s amaxodayasa g'ag'igEinmEnexwas
leElqwiihiLai. Wa, ha, liEwii.
3. A gwala wul^Em giigEk' !ala, wa Im, liEwii. A, gwala wiil^Em
gag£k"!alak"a^s Lalaq!walak'a^s EpElqiila. Wa k'!es^maeLEn
nonl^edeak'as tsolexa^yaLa x'a^yEing'ihiLaxa LegEmx"dzeyaLax
10 K'EiitsIegumdzeyases yaexLEnsa nEnologelidze wayadagelidze
heweyak'ilidze k"!es^oyak"Ilidze dzonoq !wagelidzes g"ig"Ega-
mek'as^owa. Wa, ha, liEwii.
. !
BOAS] SONGS 1289
Song of lIaqwadze, Chief of the Haayalik'awe of the
qiomoya^ye
1. Oh, great is our chief, tribes! Only let us praise and praise the 1
|
one who spreads terror, who tries to spread terror, the chief of|
the great tribe, O tribes! Wk, k liEwa!
|
2. Shame is caused by the large amount of this great potlatch of
our chief, tribes! Jealousy is caused by the large amount of 5
||
this great potlatch of our chief, tribes! He is the great one who
|
has the names Great-One-looking-for Property, Great-Eldest-
|
Potlatch of the greatest chief. Evidently the great potlatch is
|
made four times, ten times by the chiefs of the tribes. Do try
|
it, tribes! Try to rival, try to jump up to the number of count- 10
||
ing (property in the potlatch) of our chief, tribes! Indeed the
|
great Q!6moya^ye ti-y to make you rich, tribes! Wa, ahEwa!|
|
3 Shame is caused by the name of our chief, tribes ! The great names,
|
his own names, Great-Right-Size-Face, Great-Four-Eathom-
Face, Great-Copper, our chief, tribes! He the gieat one had 15
II
from the begmning a chief's name, tribes ! Wa, a liEwa, ha^ye
j |
the greatness of our chief! Ha, wa, hEwa! |
Song of l!aqwadze. Chief of the Haatalik'awe of tSe
Q!oMOYA^YE
1. ^ya adzeyasEns g'lg&ma^yex, lelqwalaLai. Alag'aEmax'Ens x'lla- 1
^yaLa x"asx"ela^yaLa ts!EndEk"a^yaLa ts!ats!EndEk'!ayoLa g"Iga-
mesa ^walatsEmadze, lelqwalaLai. Wa, k hEwa.
2. Max"ts!ag'ilalai ^walasdEmasox ^walasilayowaxsEns g'lg&ma-
^yex, lelqwillaLai odzEgEmg"ilale ^walasdEmasox ^walasilayo- 5
waxsEns g'igama^yex, lelqwalaLai. Hedzek'as^mae LegEm-
nokwa Letaxxadze ^nolag'ila^yodzeyaxsa wttlgamedzex g'l-
gama^ya lalaxEntLai mop!Enayo nEqap!Enayo ^walasilayowa
g'Ig'Egamaxsa lelqwalaLai. Giinx'^idadzas lelqwalaLai. Hamx-
hamxwayaLa dEX"dExwa^yaLa lax ^waxaxdEmasox hosadze- 10
yaxsEns g'igama^yex, lelqwalaLai. AlaEm Q!6moya^yedze q!a-
q!6mg"inasogwos, lelqwalaLai. Wk, S. hEwa.
3. Max'ts!ag'ila la LegEmasEns g'igama^yex, lelqwalaLai LegEmdze-
yosax q liilexLE^ya^max Helop!Enk'Emledze M6p!Enk'Emledze
Llaqwadze^yaxEns g'igSma^yex, lelqwalaLai. Hedzek'as^Em 15
gwalEXLiiyo g'igaxLayosEns g'lgama^j^ex, lelqwalaLai. Wa, a,
hEwa, ha^ye, adze^yasEns g'Tg^ma^yex. Ha, wa, hEwa.
1290 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ikth. ann. 35
Song of Qwaxila, Chief of the Gexsemxs^anal of the
gosg'imox"
] 1. I am the only great tree, I the chief! I am the only great tree,
I the chief! You here are right under me, ti-ibes! You are my
|
younger brothers under me, tribes! You sit in the middle
| in
the rear of the house, tribes! You surround me like a fence, I
5 tribes! I am the first to give you property, tribes! I am your||
Eagle, tribes! Ya, ye, a, a, ye, ya!
|
2. I wish you would bring your counter of property, tribes! that he|
may in vain try to count what is going to be given away by the
great copper-maker, the chief. Ya, ye, a, a!
|
|
10 3. Go on! raise the luiattainable potlatch-pole, for this is the only||
thick tree, the only thick root of the tribes. Ya, ye, a, a!
| |
4. Now our chief will become angry in the house, he will perform
the dance of anger. Our chief will perform the dance of fury.
|
I shall suffer from the short-life maker of our chief. Ya, ye,
|
a, a!
II
15 5. I only laugh at him, I sneer at him who empties (the boxes) in
]
his house, his pot latch-house, and the inviting-house that is the
cause of hunger. All the house-dishes are in the greatest house
|
of our chief. Ya, ye, a, a!
I |
Song of Qwax'ila, Chief of the G"EXSEMX's^ANAt
1 1. ^nEmts!ages^mEn gTg&maha^ya. ^wa, '^nEmts!ages-mEn g'igama-
^ya^ye. G'as hel^axElasg"5s leElqwalaLai' g'as ts!a^yaxElasg'6s
;
leElqwalaLai' g'as naqoLewalesg'os leElqwalaLai'; g'as L!ane-
;
gumnogw5s leElqwalaLai'; g'as g'alaxa^lagwos leElqwalaLai';
5 g'as kwakwex'se/lax"g'os leElqwalaLai'; Ya, ye, a, a, ye, ya.
2. Wa^nesLas g'axaqElanox"qe^yexes q!ap!altoles6s leElqwalaLai';
qa willlag'a^miltse ho^j'eg'ig'Ela lax gEyaxodayoLa L!aqwag"i-
ladze g'lgama^ya. Ya, ye, a, a.
3. WaEntsos Lax'^lde^ya wawe^stalakwos ^max"p!eqelaedzexoxs
10 *nEmts!ax"q!amaex LEk!ugelcdze^ya; g'as LEgwauEwe, g'as le-
ElqwalaLai. Ya, ye, a, a.
4. LaEmxoLEns yak'iledzEmltse^ya. ^wa, ^yak'!eqElal lEnsg'Igama;
Wii, lawisElal Ieus g'igama. Wii, al'Em^mesLEn ^yagoyale-
dze^yaLax wanEmg'iladze^yasEns g'igama. Ya, ye, a, a.
15 5. Oq!ameg'in dalEmnox"se^yag'in 6dzeq!ameg'in dasdalEmnox"se-
^yaLax loi)Emts!alllas ^mawasilaLax pepoesgEm Lelasila^ya.
Wa, ^naxwalaEmxa loqfl^lildze^yag'a g'6x"g'okwaleg'ihesEns
g'igama. Ya, ye, a, a.
noAS] SONGS 1291
6. I am only followed by them as by young sawbill-ducks, I am 20||
only one who breeds their chiefs who try to equal me, who
|
only walk about in my house like speakers. Ya, ye, a, a! I
|
am the only great tree, I the chief! Ya, ye, a, a!
|
Feast Song of Neg"adze, Chief of the Haanalena of the
QlOMOYA^YE OF THE KWAGUt
1. I am the great chief who makes people ashamed. I am the great 1
chief who makes people ashamed. Our chief brings shame to
|
the faces. Our chief brings jealousy to the faces. Our chief
|
makes people cover their faces by what he is doing in this
|
world all the time, from the beginning to the end of the year, 5
II
giving again and again oil feasts to all the tribes, awa, a wa!
|
|
2. I am the great chief who vanquishes, ha, ha! I am the groat
chief who vanquishes, for this true chief tried to go around the
|
world giving feasts, to raise the rank of this prince. Oh, go on
||
as you have done before! Only at those who continue to turn 10
around in this world, working hard, losing their tails (like
|
salmon) I sneer, at the chiefs under the true chief. Have
|
mercy on them! Put oil on their dry heads with brittle hair,
|
6. Oq!ameg'in qunbeqElaqe^yagin odzeq!anieg"in qunbeqElalaqe-
^yaLax n6gwaq!amae qExek'Elaqe^yaxes g'lg'Ega^niayotas g"I- 20
gamaxes hoqwalllosxes Elkwalllos g'lgama. Ya, ye, .a, a, ^nEm-
ts!ages^mEn g'lgama. Ya, ye, a, a.
Feast Song of Negadze, Chief of the Haanalena of the
Q!oMOY.4^YE, of the Kwagul
1. Nox" max'ts!ag'iladze g'ig&ma^ya. A, nox" max'ts!ag"iladze g'l- 1
gama^ya. ^ya, max*ts!EgEmg"iladzEns g'lgama^ya hek'as^a.
^ya, odzEgEmg'iladze g'lgama^ya hek'as^a. ^ya ^naxumx"^idg"i-
ladzEns g'lgama^ya he-k'as^fi., qa^s gwalagilisdEmdze^yasa
halag"ilidze ^wax'sbEndaladze xwaxweliladze mEnmEnlllaxa ^wl- 5
^wElsgEmakwa leslqwaiaLai', a wa, a wa.
2. Nox" yax"^Idg"iladze g'igama^ya, ha, ha. Nox" ^yax'^idg'iladze
g"Ig&ma^yax5xs ladzeyaelex lale^stalets!a k!we^latse^stalesEla qa
omax'LEnasox LawElgamesa alax g'lgama^ya. Ha, helag'a^E-
max'os gwalagilisa. Alag'aEmax'os wawax'saxsdalagillsa ma- 10
mElk"alag"illsa xwak' !axsdalag'i]isasEn dasda^lEma lax g'igabE-
^wesa alax g'lg&ma^ya wag'axLelax'os wax^edeyaLo L!atEt6de-
5
1292 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
those who do not comb their hair! I sneer at the chiefs under|
1 the true, real chief, ya w8, ! I am the great chief who makes||
people ashamed.
|
Mourning Song for Moda^na
1 1. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my mind, when the moon went
down at the edge of the waters. Ye he he ya!
|
I
5 2. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my breath, when the mouse-]
dancer began to gnaw on the water. Ye he he ya!
|
10 3. Ye he he ya! It deprived me of my mind when Moda^na began
to utter the cannibal-cry on the water. Ye he he ya!
| |
Moda^na, a hamats!a of the Awik'lEm of the AwIkMenox", and
his sister were drowned on Virgin Rock. This mourning song
(L!aq!walayo copper sound) is sung by all the men and women as-
sembled in the house of the deceased. The song is given with Mr.
Himt's interlinear translation into Kwakiutl.
13 yaLoxa lEmxutolis tsodzEtolis L!ElL!anolxolisxEn dasda^lEma lax
g'lgabE^wasa ala g'Igame, hek'as^a, ya wa. Ha, nox" max'tsla-
15 g'iladze he g"Iga,ma^ya.
MoiTRNiNG Song for Moda^na
1 1. Ye he he ya la yax'ts!egilax"dex owaxsde lax'dayase k'ioqunsa
Ye he he ya la. wii^masilax'dexa n§,qa^ye lax'dase la k'logilnsS.-
la Laelaqii no^sak'as^5x"de^ya. Ye he he ya.
lag'iLa^yaxa ^mEkulak'as^6x"da. Ye he he ya.
5 2. Ye he he ya la yax'ts!eg"ilax'dex he^yasbes lax"dayase k" !ak" lapa-
Ye he he ya la wa^masilax'dexa hasa^ye yixs lax'dase k" !ak" !apa-
lag'aLe qae kMapalalk"as^ox"de^ya. Ye he he ya
g'lLexa g'ig'Elayatsagalalk'as^ox'da. Ye he he ya.
10 3. Ye he he ya la yax'ts!eg"ilax"dex owaxsde lax'dayase hamadzEla-
Ye he he ya la wa^masilax'dexa naqa^ye lax'dase hamsham-
qwalag'lLae qa Moda^nak'as^ox"de^ya. Ye he he ya
ts!alag'tLae yix Moda^nak'as^6x''da. Ye he he ya.
!
boasj songs 1293
Feast Song
Traditional feast song of the Yaex'agEme, a Kwexa clan,
ascribed to their ancestor Yix-agEme^, who sang it at LEX'siwe^
after his house at Ft. Rupert had been flooded by Qlaneqe^lak".
The poor dear ones are coming in, the children.' 1
They say he will speak.
They say he will get angry in his house.
They say he will not kill.
They say he will not kill at once. 5
They say he will not kill outright.
It is only said he gave enough to eat.
It is only said he satisfied their hunger.
It is only said he made them vomit.
It is just said he made up his mind to do it. 10
It is just said he told them to eat.
It is just said he put them across his back.^
Always doing mischief to him who does not finish the food given to
him, ya ye ya ha, ya ye ya ha!
Let your servants, 15
Let those who have you for their chief,
Burn in your great house, chief!
So that those who have you for their chief burn up, true chief!
Ya ye ya ha, ya ye ya ha
Feast Song
AwaliLElak"as^6wa g'ig'i^ya. AwallLElak'as^5wa g'ig'i^ya. 1
LaxLCEm^lae waldEmnokwa. LaxLeEm^lae waldEmnokwa.
LaxLCEm^lae ^yak'ilila. LaxLCEm^lae ^yakillla.
K" !esLae wFyalagila. K' !esLae wFyalag'ila.
K'les^laLae hex'^idegila. K'!es^laLae hex'^degila. 5
K"!es^laLae hebeg'Ila. KMes^laLae hebeg'Ila.
A^ma^lae mEnl^idg'Ila. A^ma^lae mEuHdg'ila.
A^ma^lae pol^idg'Ila. A^ma^lae poMdg'ila.
A^ma^lae hox^widgila. A^ma^lae hox^widg'Ila.
AlEma^lae SwElx^idqeya. AlEma^lae &wElx^idqeya. 10
AlEma%e hagweg'indqeya. AlEma^lae hagwegindqeya.
AlEma^lae xwelegindqeya. AlEma^lae xweleg'indqeya.
^ya^yak'ilak" ^naxwaya xa wax"llll ^naxwaya.
Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya ha.
Weg"axLe lax"os omedeyaqosa. Weg'axLe lax'os omedeyaqosa. 15
Weg'axxe lax'os g'igedeyaqosa. Weg'axLe lax'os g"Igedeyaqosa.
Xumxwataq laxs g"ox"dzeyaqos g^igSma^ye.
Qa weg'esox q !ulx'^idesox g'Igedeyaqos tl g"igllma^ya.
Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya lia.
' RepeUtions omitted. ' As wolves do with their quarry.
1294 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [bth. ann.sb
20 Let your guests die of vomiting, chief!
Let your guests die of overfeeding, true chief!
Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ye a !
Shaman's Songs
1.
{InlToductory, telling how he acquired power from the Killer Whale.)
1. Wa, a ya a ha, I was carried under the sea by the superna-
tural power, the supernatural power. Wa a ya.
2. Wa, a ya a ha. I was taken under the sea by paddling by
the supernatural power, the supernatural power. Wa a ya.
3. Wa, a ya a ha, and I was taken into the house of Hole-in-
Middle-of-Sea the supernatural power, the supernatural power.
Wa a ya.
4. Wa, a ya a ha, and I put on my neck the life-bringer neck-
ring of Hole-in-Middle-of-Sea, the supernatural power. Wit a ya.
5. Wa, a ya a ha, I have had thrown into my stomach the life-
bringer of HoIe-in-Middle-of-Sea, the supernatural power. Wa
a ya.
6. Wii, a ya a ha, the real life-brmger, the healer of this super
natural power. Wa a ya.
7. Wa a ya a ha, the real long life giver, the healer of this super
natural power. Wa a ya.
20 Weg-axLe lax'ox hogwalesEmos Le^lanEmaqos gTgama^ya.
Weg'axLe lax'ox poLalesEmos Le^lanEmaqos ^1 gigftma^ya.
Ya ye ya ha. Ya ye ya a.
Shaman's Songs
1.
1. Wa, a ya a ha g'ag'ayapElayux"d5xs ^nawalakwaaeaexwa ^uawa-
lakwaae wa aya.
2. Wa, a ya a ha sesE^wapElayux''d5xs ^nawalakwaaeaexwa ^nawa-
lakwaile wa a ya.
.3. Wa, a ya a ha laxlaeLEma lax gokwas LagoyEweLCs ^nawa-
lakwaaaexwa ^nawalakwaae wa aya.
4. Wa, a ya a ha Ian qax'osa^yasos q!weq!ulag'Flayo q&nayos La-
goyEweLes ^nawalakwaae wii aya.
5. Wa, a ya a ha Ian niEgesasos q !weq iulagi-layos LagoyEweLes
^nawalakwaa wa aya.
0. Wa, a ya a ha q !wcq Iiilag'ilak'as^ox helig'ayowaxsa nuiwalakwex
wa a ya.
7. Wa, a ya a ha g'ilg"ildokwllak"as-ox helig'ayowaxsa ^nawala-
kwex wa aya.
.
BOAS] SONGS 1295
(Prayer to the Killer Whale before taking out the sickness.)
1 I beg you Supernatural Power that you take pity and make well
this our friend.
2. I implore you, Supernatural Power that you take pity and take
out this sickness of this our friend, Supernatural Power.
3. Oh, take pity that I may make alive this our friend, O Super-
natural Power, that I may cure this our friend you go through
( = passed through), Supernatural Power.
4. That I may obtain easily this sickness of this our friend, O
Great Real Supernatural Power, you Great Life-Bringer, Su-
pernatural Power.
3.
{Sung after the sickness has been taken out, while the Shaman is walking around
the fire holding the sickness in his right hand.)
1. Wae, wae life-bringer to this supernatural power ha wa hae.
2. Wiie, wae he will make him walk again, this supernatural
power ha wa hae.
3. Wiie, wiie, he will take out the sickness, this supernatural
power ha wa hae.
4. Wae, wae, I was taken around the world by this supernatural
power, the long-life giver, the supernatural power ha wa hae.
.5. Wae, wae. I was made to walk around the world by this sup-
ernatural power of Hole-in-Middle-of Sea, the supernatural
power ha wa hae.
1. YiiesayEwunLoi ^nawalakwaqos wiix^idaos helex'aLElaxg'ins ^ue-
mokwik".
2. HowaxElEULoJ ^nawalakwaqos wax^Idaos damodak*axg"a yag'o-
lEmg'asg ins ^iiEmokwlk', ^nawalakwii.
3. Weg'a wax-edeaa qEn qlulax-^idamasexg'ins ^uEmokwIk", ^nawa-
lakwii, qEU helex'^aLElexg'Sns ^nEmokwik" yul lax"SE-'wa ^na-
walakwaa.
4. Qeu waolElalllaseg'a ts!ets!ax'q!6lEmg'asgins ^uEmokwik', ^na-
walax"dzek"as yuL q !weq lulag'iladzes ^nawalakwaii.
3.
1. Wae, wile q !weq lOlahag'ilayahaLox ^nawalahakwa ha wa hae.
2. Wae, wae qasEliElehelelayahaLox -'iiawalahakwii ha wa hae.
3. Wae, wiie damohadalayahaLox ^uawalahakwa ha wa hae.
4. Wile, wae, lae^stalIsElayux"dox ^nawalahakwii'^ g'ilgildokwllas
^nawalahakwa ha wa hae.
.5. Wiie wae, tEwe^stalisElayux^dox ^nawalahakwiis Lag'oyEwlLes
^nawalahakwa ha wa hae.
1296 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann.sb
1. Try to make him go through (the whole ceremonial), giver of
the power of going through, Supernatural One.
2. Try to make him ])ure all through, giver of purity, Supernatural
One.
3. I shall not do harm to you. I shall restore you to life. Super-
natural One.
4. Pray, bring life to our friend, you supernatural life-bringer, who
has gone through. Supernatural One.
Shaman's Songs
1.
{Sung when the Shaman enters carrying the Hemlock Ring for purifying the Patient.)
1. I have been told to continue to heal him, by the good super-
natural power.
2. I have been told to keep on putting the hemlock rhig over
him, by the Shaman-of-the-Sea, the good supernatural power.
3. I have been told to put back into oiu" friend his soul, by the
good supernatural power.
4. I have been told to give him long life, by the Long-Life-Giver-
of-the-Sea, the Chief-of-High-Water, the good supernatm-al
power.
1. Lalax'SE^wamatsohox"dEnox"s lax'sE^wahahahag'ila lax'SE^wa-
hag'ihehe lawa wa wa he a wa he ahe Logwala.
2. GwagulsE^wamatsohox'dEn5x"s gulsE^wahahahag'ila gulsE^wa-
hag'ihehe lawo wa wa he a wa he ahe Logwala.
3. Ya k' leyohoshoLEla hoososnok", ya S,yameelalaha qlfllahayoho-
ho Lawa wa wa he a wa he ahe Logwala.
4. Weg'a wax^Id cilulax'^idamasg'ins ^nEmokiik", yuL q!weq!tila-
g-ilas ^nawalak"hahahahagila lax'sE^wa wa wa wa he a wa
he ahe Logwala.
Shaman's Songs
1. "nex"SE^wahEex' qEu hayahahalTlahahahaqeyahaeLas ^nawaha-
lakwawao.
2. ^nex"sE^wahEex' qsn qaqahahahax'ilahahahaqeyahaiLas wawE-
yahak'ilas ^nawahahakwawaS.
3. ^nexsE^waliEex" qEn lahag'ahahaLElahahahaseyahaiLas bEkwa-
^yasEns ^nemoxos ^nawahalakwawao.
4. ^nex"sE^wahEex" qEn g'UgildokwilahahahaqeyahaiLas g'ilg"ildo-
kwilaLes yayahaxwiyogwaLes ^uawahalakwawao.
. ;
BOAS] SONGS 1297
2.
{Sung while the Shaman, carrying the hemlock ring, walks up to the Patient.)
1. "Put OUT friend through the ring." Thus I was told by the
supernatural power.
2. "Spray our friend!" Thus I was told by the supernatural
power.
3. "Heal oiu- friend!" Thus I was told by the supernatural
power.
4. "Take out (the weakness) of our friend!" Thus I was told by
the supernatural power.
3.
(Sung while the Ring is put over the Patient.)
1 I come and bring back this means of bringing to hfe our friend
Supernatural Power.
2. Come now means-of-bringing-to-life of our Shaman-of- the-Sea
of our friend, Supernatural Power.
3. Make well all over our friend, that no ill may befall our poor friend,
Supernatural Power.
4. Now you will protect our poor friend, that he may walk safely,
Supernatiu"al Power.
2.
1. Qaqax'ilaLEns ^nEmokwa hao aha. ^nex"se^wag*asa 'nawahala-
kwa ha ahao.
2. X"Eyoqa^yaLEns ^nEmokwa hao aha. ^nex'sE^wag'asa ^nawahala-
kwa ha ahao,
3. Helik"a^yaLEns ^nemokwa hao aha ^nex'sE^wag'asa 'nawahalakwa
ha ahao.
4. DamodalaLEns ^uEmokwa hao aha. ^nex"SE^wag"asa 'nawahala-
kwa ha ahao.
3.
1. G"ax^aLElodEnLasg"as q !ulalayE^wag"asEns ^nEinokwex ^nawahala-
kwa wawa ahe.
2. G"ax^Emg-a qlweqlQlag'Ilayogwas helik'ElaLCSEns ^uEmokwex
^nawahalakwa wawa ahe.
3. Wag'Illa heli^lalalxEns ^uEmox" qa kMe§,ses a^melasLESEns ^ue-
mokwex ^nawahalakwa wawa ahe.
4. Wa, laEms dadamEwilxEns ^nEmoxox qa helm^lag-tlisiltsEns ^nE-
mokwex, ^nawahalakwa wawa ahe.
75052—21—35 etii—px 2 oJ
1298 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. an.n. 35
{Sung while the Shaman walks around the fire with the Ring.
After this song the ring is thrown into the fire while the people beat fast time.)
1. Now, Supernatural Power, cure our poor friend and make him
well again, O Great Real Supernatural Power, Supernatural
Power.
2. Now, Supernatural Power, turn him the right way and make well
our friend here. You, Great Real Supernatural Power, Healer-
of-thc-Sea.
3. Now take this Supernatural Power, Spirit-of-the-Fire, this whicli
will cure our friend here. You, Great Real Supernatural Power,
Fire Spirit Woman.
4. And do protect our friend, you, Fire-Spirit-Woman, Great Super-
natural Power of Q'.omesila.
Now this give to your friend.
Love Song'
1. Oh, how, my lady-love, can mj thoughts be conveyed to you,
my lady-love, on account of your deed, my lady-love?
2. In vain, my lady-love, did I wish to advise you, my lady-love,
on account of your deed, my lady-love.
3. It is the object of laughter, my lady-love, it is the object ot
laughter, your deed, my lady-love.
1. Wag'illa ^nawalialak" hiili'lalalg'Ens ^nEmo.xox qa^s heJtse^stEn-
daosaqEk", yut ^nawahalax'^dzekats ^na^nawalak'amak".
2. Wiig'Ula ^nawahalak" iiaqe^stEndExg"Ens heli^lalaso^giinsxg'Ens
^nEmoxox, yul ^nawahalax"d/.ek"ats hayalik'ilaLe.
3. Wagitlii dadalalg'a ^nawahalax"s k'.wax'Liilaxg'En heli^la^layo-
gwaxEns ^nEm6x5x, yul ^nawahalax"dzek"ats k Iwax'Lalalilanaga
4. Qa^s wag'iLos dadamEweig'Ens ^uEmoxox, yul k!wax'i,fdalllana-
gas ^nawahala.x"dzcs q lomesila.
Wa la^mo Ifi.! qastaya.
Love Song
1. Wa'wlyaniEnqaya^nesLa ha ha g'i'yayayiyawag-in w8,'ldEmegek-I-
nalg'ol gi'yayeya qa^s gwae'yaos gi'yayayiyaha yl'yaayiya.
2. Wa'x'ax'dEk' g'i'yaya ha lia ha nek'ayaylyaha qahan Le'xs^alayol
g'i'yayaylya qa^s gwaenayos g'I'yaya.
3. Dc'dalEmsIlaLahahai g'i'yayayea dedalEmsIla has gwae'naylyahos
g-i'yayiya.
> Song made by a man who was Jilted by a young woman.
BOAS] SONGS 1299
4. It is the object of contempt, my lady-love, it is the object of
contempt, your deed, my lady-love.
5. Oh, if poor me could go, my lady-love! How can I go to you,
my lady-love, on account of your deed, my lady-love?
6. Oh, if poor me could go, my lady-love, to make you happy, my
lady-love, on account of your deed, my ladj^-love!
7. Now, I will go, my lady-love, go to make you happy, my lady-
love, on account of your deed, my lady-love.
8. Farewell to you, my ladyJove! Farewell, mistress on account
of your deed, my lady-love!
Retort to the Preceding Love Song
1. O friends! I will now ask you about my love.
2. Where has my love gone, my love who is singing against me?
3. I ask you, who walks with my love.
4. Oh, where is my love, where is the love that I had for my loveT
5. For I feel, really feel, foolish, because I acted foolishly against
my love.
4. K- !l'lk" IlldEmsilaLahahai g-i'yayaye k' iJ'lk' !lldEmsila he gwae'-
naylyahos g'i'yayiya.
5. La'naxwao-'nesLanhahEn g'l'yayaylyak-as wa'wlyamE'nqa lao'I
g'i'yayayiya qa^s gwae'nayos g"i'yayaye.
6. La'naxwao^nesLEnhahEn g'i'yayayc qtn ha'yalElq !ElaexEn g'i'ya-
yayiya qa^s gwae'nayos g'i'yayaye.
7. LaE'niLEu g-i'yayahaik'a.s Ifi'la^yaylya qEn ha'lElq!EleL6l g'i'ya-
yaye qa^s gwae'nayos g'i'yayaye.
8. Haia'k'asLElax'oos g'i'yayaye yaa, h8.1a'k"asLEla ada'yayiya qa^a
gwae'nayos g'I'yaye.
Retort to the Preceding Love Song
!• ^ya, ^ne^HEind'kwaayas no'gwawa la^niEn wuLa'yaLOLawa, g'i'ya-
yayaye.
2. ^widzEwe le g'i'yayaaxa yaha sa^la'laae lax no'gwawaexEn
g'i'yayaye.
3. La^mEu wiiLa'yaLoL^na'max'sisElotas ayahe, no'gwawa heg-i'ya-
yaye.
4. ^ya, ^wi'stadzEw^e] g'i'haheLa aya gwemalahatsEn ^'lahEn la'xu-
laxEn g'i'yayaye.
5. Xg-ln fi,'la^maheg-in nan o'lslqElasg-in nEno'Iox^wideyak' 2'i'yi-
yayaye.
.
1300 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ann. so
6. For what I did caused people to laugh at me on account of what
I did to you, my love.
7. For I am despised on account of my love for you, my true love,
for you, my love.
8. For you have said that you will live in Knight Inlet.
9. Oh, Knight Inlet is far awaj^, for that is the name of the place
where my love is going.
10. Oh, Rivers Inlet is far away, for that is the name of the place
where my love is going.
11. For he forgot of my love, my true love.
12. For in vain he goes about trying to find some one who wUl love
him as I did, my love.
13. Don't try to leave me without turning back to my love, my love.
14. Oh, my love, turn back to your slave, who preserved your life.
15. I am downcast, and I cry for the love of my love.
16. But my life is killed by the words of my love.
17. Good-by, my love, my past true-love!
6. Xg^in a'la^meheg-ln dedalEmsilaxEngwe'x-dask"inalae g'l'yayaye.
7. Xg"in k' !ilk" !ildEmsilaek' qaes gwemalasaosxEn a'la laxulaxEn
g-I'yayaye.
8. Xohos Le'qElaeLax Dza'wadEX'Laya qa^s la'halae'yos g'i'yayaye.
9. ^ya, qwe'saladza^meLax Dza'wadEX'La^ya, he'Em Le'qElaso^sEn
g-I'yayaye.
10. ^ya, qwe'saladzS,^meLax Wa'nux"Laya, he'Em Le'qElas5^sEn
g-i'yayaye.
1 1 Qa^s layt'ne^staa'sLaxEn gwe'malasa laxEn la'xulaxEn gl'yayaye.
12. Xehes wa'x"^mahek'as ale'^stalayaxEn ^na'max'st!al5'tEn gi'ya-
yaye.
1-3. Gwa'lElas xE'nLElahaek'as hegE'mlisoL qaes gwe'malasos g'i'ya-
yaye.
14. ^ya, 'mEle'xLagilis^Emxg'as qla'k'og'os g'l'yayayexg'as qliila'-
iayiwag"aos g'i'yayaye.
15. HalEu xu'lsaya, halEn qlwa'saya he qa ayahe ^e'malatsEn
g'i'yayaye.
16. LE^lE'mg'itilawestla aya wa'ldEmasEn a'lahEn la'xulaeLEn
g'i'yayaye.
17. Haia'k'asLElax'osahe g'i'yaya xEhEn la'xulax'de g'i'yayaye.
. ! ! !
egas] songs 1301
Love-song of Tsakedek", Whose Lover Had Gone to Japan
AS A Sailor to Hunt Fur-seals
1 Ye ya aye ya ! You are hard-hearted, you who say that you
love me, you are hard-hearted, my dear!
2. Ye ya aye ya! You are cruel, you who say that you are love-
sick for me, my dear
3. Ye ya aye ya! Where are they going to take my love, my dear?
4. Ye ya aye ya! Where are they going to take my dear, that
causes me to lie down sick, me, the slave of my dear?
5. Ye ya aye ya ! They wiU take my dear far away, yaa ho ! I
shall be left behind, my true-love, for whom I pine, who keeps
me ahve, my dear
6. Ye ya aye ya ! They Avill take my dear out to sea far away
haa ! There the one is going for whom I pme, my master, for
whom I am lovesick, my dear
Love-song of Tsak'edek", Whose Lover Had Gone to Japan
AS a Sailor to Hunt Fur-seals
1. Ye ya aye ya lams wayadeyasg'as gwayoEmg"6s i,Ia laxtilag'as
Ye ya aye ya. You are hard against me to" whom you refer as really your true-love
wa'yadayog'os, g'iya^ya.
ot the hard-hearted one my dear.
2. Ye ya aye ya lams aladeyasg'as gwSyoEmg'os &la ts!EX'ilag"in
Ye ya aye ya. You are cruel to me to whom you refer as really sick for
gwemalasg'in lol, g'iya^ya.
your love to me you my dear.
3. Ye ya aye ya *ya ^wiyodzE^waLe Ian g'iya^yaxEn 41a yin
Ye ya aye ya. Oh, where will be taken my dear who really my
iaxiilayanLEn, g"iya'ya.
love my dear.
4. Ye ya aye ya ^ya ^wiy5dzE^waLe lS,n g'iya^yaxEn qElgwelsma-
Ya ya aye ya. Oh where will he be taken my dear who is the cause of my
EULEn q !agwedeyaxEn g'iya^ya.
lying sick I his slave my dear,
abed
5. Ye ya aye ya ^ya ha qwesg'ilayol iSn g-iya'ya laxa qwesala yaa
Ye ya aye ya. Oh he will be taken far my dear to far off oh
ho boyonox"LEnxEn ala ta?ulaxEn fi,la ts!ExilaxEn q!fllala-
I shall be left really my love really my sickness means o 1
yowaxEn, giya^ya.
keeping me alive my dear.
6. Ye ya aye ya ^ya L!asedayol Iftn giya^ya laxa qwesala haa
Ye ya aye ya. Oh he will be taken my dear to far off ha
seaward
heEm lalaasen ala ts!EX"ilaxEn ^wadzedeyaxEn ftla ya tslExi-
that is where is going real my sickness my dog-owner really my
laxEn g'iya^a.
sickness my dear.
. ! !
1302 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ktu. ann. 35
7. Yeyaayeya! I wish I could go to you, my master, that I
might make you happy, m}^ dear, for I think you long for me,
for my love, my dear.
8. Ye ya aye ya! I wish I could go to you, mj^ dear! I wish I
could make you dream that you embrace tliis one whom you
love, my dear, the one for whom I pine, my dear
9. Ye ya aye ya! I wish I could go to you to be your pillow, my
dear! I wish I could go to you to be your feather bed, my
dear! the one for whom I pine, who keeps me alive, my dear!
10. Ye ya aye ya! My lord, don't stay away too long! else I shall
die of lonesomeness, my true-love; for already I long for you,
my dear.
1 1 Ye ya aye ya ! Now, farewell, my true-love, for whom I pine,
who keeps me alive, my master, my dear
7. Ye ya aye ya lanaxwao^nehesLEn wawiiyamEn qa lol q!agwi-
Ye ya aye ya. To go to you . I wish in some way that to you slave-
deya qEn hayalElq !ElaoL g'iya^ya qaxs lag'anEmaex xii'lsoL
owner that I make you happy my dear for perhaps you long
qasn gwemalase lal g'iya^ya.
for me for your love my dear.
8. Ye ya aye ya lanaxwao^nehesLEn Iol g'iya^ya qsn memxeg'ila
Ye ya aye ya. To go to you I wish to you my dear that I make a dream
qa^s mexElaos gEnalalilg'as gwE^yoEmg'os laxiUa, g"iya^ya-
for you to dream to embrace me whom you call your love my dear
xEn ala ts!EX"ilaxEn g'iya^ya.
my real sickness my dear.
9. Ye ya aye ya lanaxwao^nehesLEn qenotos g'iya^ya, lanaxwa-
Ye ya aye ya. To go to you I wish to be your pillow my dear to go to you
^nehesLEn ts!ag"il6s g'iya^yaxEn alaya ts!ExilaxEn qlQlalayo-
I wish to be your feather bed my dear real sickness my means of
waxEn g'iya^ya.
living my dear.
10. Ye ya aye ya wa gwala adayak'as gayestaloJ g"iya^ya aLEk'
Ye ya aye ya. Oh don't my love stay away long my dear else
xulyalisEm laxg"as gwE^y5g*5s §,la taxQlaxgin la^mek' xulsa
I die of longing this whom you call really (your) love for I already long
qa^s, g-iya-'ya.
for you my dear.
11 Ye ya aye ya wa hala'k'as lax'in alaya laxulaxEn alaya
Ye ya aye ya. Oh good-by my true love my Irua
ts!EX"q!o']EmEnLEn q!ulalayuwa.xEn q!agwideyaxEn g'iya^ya.
sickness who will be my Hfe-bringer my master my dear.
!
boas] songs 1303
Song of Menmenleqelas, in Answer to the Preceding Song
1. Yeyaahayeya! Stop, friends, and let us listen to the song
that my dear sings for me, the one whom I am leaving so
cruelly.
2. Ye yaa ha ye ya! Stop, friends, and let us listen to the weep-
ing of my dear, my true-love, my dear
3. Ye yaa ha ye ya! Whence, O friends! comes the sound of the
one who is crying for me, my dear, my- true-love, my dear ?
4. Ye yaa ha ye ya ! friends ! she whom I left behind is crying
for me, my true-love, my true-love, my dear.
5. Ye yaa ha ye ya! Don't long for me! For you I am working,
my true-love, for whom I pine, my dear, my true-love, Tay dear.
Song of Menmenleqelas, in Answer to the Preceding Song
1. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwahas ^ne^nEmox" qahans hoLElexa
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Stop friends that we listen
sayag'tmlfila qaha nogwa ahan g'iyahaxEn wayadayowa
to the singing for me my dear left cruelly
xEhEn g'iyaha.
by me my dear.
2. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwahas ^ne^nEmox" qahans hoLElexaya
Ya yaa ha ya ya. Stop friends that we listen to the
q!wa-yala qaha nogwa ahan g'iyahaxEii alan laxOlaxEhEn
sound of cry- tor me my dear my true- love
ing
g-iyaha.
my dear.
3. Ye yaa ha ye ya. ^ya ^wiheyaqEnwedze ^ne^nEm5x"xaha
Ye yaa ha ye ha. Oh whence great friends
q!wa^yala qaha nogwa ahEn g'iyahaxEn Man laxulaxEhEu
the sound of for me my dear my true- love
crying
g-iyaha.
ray dear.
4. Ye yaa ha ye ya. ^ya, hek'asxol ^ne^nEmox"k'ahas yaha
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Oh indeed it is she friends
q !wa^yala XEhEn hodEmaEDLEn silan laxulaxEhEn g-iyaha.
who is crying whom I leave behind my true- love my dear.
5. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwailahas xulsayaxg'In; somex' eaxElag'i-
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Do not long for me you are the reason for
heitsxEn &lan laxfllaxEhEn, ts !EX"ilaxEhEn g'iyaxEn klsm
my working true my love my sickness my dear true my
laxulaxEhEn g'iyaha.
love my dear.
! !
1304 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ktu. ann. s»
6. Ye yaa ha j-e ya ! Don't cry for me! I am working for you,
my true mistress, my lady, my true-love, my dear.
7. Ye yaa ha ye ya! Don't long for me! I am coming back, my
dear, my true-love, my dear.
8. Ye yaa ha ye ha! Don't cry for me! I am paddhng toward
you, my dear, my true-love, my dear.
Song of the Same After His Keturn, When Tsak'edek" Had
Deserted Him
1. Ye yaa ye ya ha! You are cruel to me, you are cruel to me,
my dear
2. Ye yaa ye ya ha ! You are hard-hearted against me, you are
hard-hearted against me, my love
3. Ye yaa ye ya ha! You are surpassinglj" cruel, you are sur-
passingly cruel against me, for whom yon pined.
6. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwallahas q!wasayaxg-in; somex' laxQmala-
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Don't cry for me you are the reason
g'iheltsxEn 8Jan ^wadzedeyaxEhsn q !agwideyaxEn fiJan
(or my hard work trae my dog-owner my slave-owner my true
laxiilaxEhEn g'iyaha.
my love my dear.
7. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwallahas xulsaya gax^mEn exa^nakula lol
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Do not long for I am nearing you
g'iya^yaxEn fi.laii laxulaxEhEn g'iyaha.
my dear my trae love my dear.
8. Ye yaa ha ye ya. Gwallahas q!wasaya g'ax^mEii sexwalalaLe
Ye yaa ha ye ya. Don't cry for I come paddling
l&hol g'iya^yaxEn §Jan laxQlaxEhEn g'iyaha.
to you my dear true my love my dear.
Song of the Same After^^His Return, When Tsak'edek" Had
Deserted Him
1. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Lams wayadeyahasg"as wayadayEwaheg"osa-
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Now you are cruel to me you are cruel to me
he g"iya*ya haa yiya,
my dear.
2. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Lams aladeyahasg"as &lada^yEwahag"osahe
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Now you are strong-minded to me you are strong-minded to me
laxOla ha a ye ya.
my love.
3. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Lams h&yagadeyahasg'as h&yagada-
T0 yaa j& ya ha. Now you are too cruel to me you are too cruel to me
'yahog'osaheJtslEX'Ila^ha a ye ya.
my sickness.
! !
BOAS] SONGS 1305
4. Yejaayeyaha! She pretends to be indifferent, not to love
me, my true-love, my dear.
5. Ye yaa ye ya ha! Don't pretend too much that a^ou are indif-
ferent of the love that I hold for you, my dear
6. Ye yaa ye ya ha ! Else you may be too indifferent of the love
that I hold for you, my dear!
7. Ye yaa ye ya ha! My dear, you are too indifferent of the love
I hold for you, my dear!
8. Ye yaa ye ya ha ! My dear, you go too far, your good name is
going down, my dear
9. Ye yaa ye ya ha! Don't try hereafter to follow me, my dear!
10. Ye yaa ye ya ha ! Don't hereafter cry for me, my dear!
4. Ye yaa ye ya ha. WaLesi^lalahasox"dEla nogwawahasEn ala
Ye yaa ye ya ha. She acts as though she did not me my true-
care for
laxiilahaaxen g'iya^ya.
love my dear.
5. Ye yaa ye ya ha. GwalElas XEULElahak'as waLesi^lalahae laxs
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Do not too much act as though you for
did not care
gwemalasosaha g'iya^ya.
(my) love to you my dear.
6. Ye yaa ye ya ha. ALas g"iya^yahaek'as waLesk'Enlax laxes
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Else my dear might overdo your to
you indifference
ewemalasosaha g'iya^ya.
(my) love to you my dear.
7. Ye yaa ye ya ha. LaEms g-iya^yahaek'as yawaLesk'tnoLe
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Now you my dear have overdone it
lahaxs gwemalahasosahae g'iya^ya.
to ' (my) love to you my dear.
8. Ye yaa ye ya ha. LaEms g'iya^yahaek'as yaetaxayahae lax
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Now you ray dear have lowered (to)
LegEmk"inahal6s g'iyahayeya.
your good name my dear.
9. Ye yaa ye ya ha. KMesLEs wul^Emahaek'as yalalasgEmahek'as
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Not you in vain follow
will
lahax nSgwawa hae yol g"iya*ya.
(to) me you my dear.
10. Ye yaa ye ya ha. GwalElas wtll^Emahaek'asya q!waq!watsEme-
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Do not In vain cry for
hek"as lahax nogwawa hae yohol giya^ya.
me you my dear.
! ! !
1306 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
11. Ye yaa ye ya, ha ! Does not this make sick your heart, my dear?
12. Ye yaa ye ya ha! Friends, do not let us Usten any longer to
love-songs that are sung by those far away
13. Ye yaa ye ya ha ! Friends, it might be well if I took a new true-
love, a dear one.
14. Ye yaa ye ya ha! Friends, it might be well if I had a new one
for whom to pine, a dear one.
15. Ye yaa ye ya ha! I wish she would hear my love-song when 1
cry to my new love, my dear one 1
Love-song of the Dead, Heard on Shell Island
1. You are hard-hearted against me, you are hard-hearted against
me, my dear, ha ha ye ya ha ha
2. You are cruel against me, you are cruel against me, my dear,
ha ha ye ya ha ha
11. Ye yaa ye ya ha. LE^mae ts!EX'ilahaelaxs nEwaqedzEwahaqosa-
Ye yaa ye ya ha. For it is sick your heart
he g'iyayahaha.
my dear.
12. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Gwahas ^ne^nEmohok" qahEns hoLelahaexaya
Ye yaa ye ya ha. Stop friends that we listen to the
sala^lalahaha laxa qwesala.
lovc-song at far away.
13. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Ex'dza ^ne^nEmohox" qoho heEm laxEn
Ye yaa ye ya ha. It would friends if that I should
be good
aloLauEmaxEn k\a, laxulaxEn g'iya^ya.
take a new true- love my dear.
14. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Ex-dza ^ne^nEmox" qoho heEm lahaxEn
Ye yaa ye ya ha. It would friends if that I should
be good
aloLauEmaxEn ala ts!EX'llaxEn g'iya^ya.
take a new one real sickness my dear.
15. Ye yaa ye ya ha. Ex-'Ein^nesLa hae aya wiiLElahak'as qEn
Ye yaa ye ya ha. I wish she would hear
q!wag"alElisexEn aloLanEmaxEn g'iya^ya.
my love song (crying) for my newly obtained my dear.
LOVE-SONQ OF THE DeAD, HeARD ON ShELL IsLAND
1. Lams wayadeyahasg'as wayahadayEwahag'osahe hae g'iya^ya
You are hard-hearted against me hard-hearted against me my dear
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
2. Lams aladeyahasg"as alahadayEwahag'osahe hae g'iya^ya ha ha
You are really cruel against me really cruel against me my dear ha ha
ye ya ha ha.
ye ya ha ha.
! ! ! !
BOAS] SONGS 1307
3. For I am tired waiting for you to come here, mj' dear, ha ha ye ya
ha ha
4. Now I shall cry differently on yoiir account, my dear, ha ha ye ya
ha ha!
5. Ah, I shall go down to the lower world, there I shall cry for you,
my dear, ha ha ye ya ha ha
Parting Song, Sung by TsIesqwane^ on His Death-bed One Day
Before He Died
1. Farewell, O friends! for I am leaving you, O friends! a ye ya ha a,
a ye ya ha, aye ya a
2. Farewell, O brothers! for I am leaving you, O brothers! a ye ya
ha a, a ye ya ha, aye ya a
3. Xg-ln yayaex^alesek'g'ln nahEnk" !agEmlehesoLawa hae g'iya^ya
For I get tired of wailing for you my dear
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
4. ^ya ogiixsalehesLEhahEn q !wats !eneheLa qahahas g"iya^ya ha
Oh differently I shall cry for you my dear ha
ha ye ya ha ha.
ha ye ya ha ha.
5. ^ya babanaxsalehehesLahahEn q !wats !eneheLa qahahas g'iya^ya
Oh going downward I shall shall cry for you my dear
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
ha ha ye ya ha ha.
Parting Song, Sung byTsIesqwane^ on His Death-bed One Day
Before He Died
1. Halak-asLElahaha ^ne^nEmoh6x"s nogwawahae xg'in
Farewell friends mine for t
lowalehehedeyahaeg"6s ^ne'nEmokwa a ye ya haa, a ye ya ha, a
am leaving you friends a ye ya haa, a ye ya ha, a
ye ya a.
ye ya a.
2. Halak'asLElahaha ^nal^nEmwiihEyohots nogwawahae xg'Jn
Farewell brothers mine for I
lowalehehehedeyahaeg'os «nal^nEmwuhEy6hots a ye ya haa,
am leaving you brothers a ye ya haa,
a ye ya ha, a ye ya a.
a ye ya ha, a ye ya a.
! ! !
1308 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL, [eth. asn. ss
3. O friends! do not take it too much to heart that I am leaving you,
O friends! a ye ya ya a, a ye ya ha a, aye ya a!
4. O brothers ! do not take it too much to heart that I am leaving you,
O brothers ! a ye ya ha a, a ye } a ha a, aye ya a
5. O sisters! do not feel sorrowful because I am leaving you. O sis-
ters ! a ye ya ha a, a ye ya ha a, a ye ya a 1
6. I was told by the one who takes care of me that I shall not stay
away long, that I shall come back to you, O friends! a ye ya
ha a, a ye ya ha a, ye ya a
7. I mean, O friends! that you shall not feel too sorrowful when I
leave you, O friends ! a ye ya ya, a, a ye ya ha a, ye ya a
3. AEmllax"s ^ne^nEm6hox''s nogwawahae k"!es XEULElahaek'as
Only friends mine not too much
XEnL!eqElaxg'In lowalehehehedeyahaeg'os ^ne^nEmokwa
feel too much that I leave you friends
a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
a yo ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
4. AEmllax"s ^nal^nEmwuhEyohots nogwawahae k'!es xEnLElahae-
Only brothers mine not too
k"as xEniJ.eqElaxg'in lowalehehehedeyahaeg'os ^nal^nEmwEyot
much feel too much that I leave you brothers
a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
5. K'!esLEs wehawaqiwahaek'as wahawosElqElahae qaha nSgwawa
Do not sisters feel sad for me
haexgin lowalehehehedeyahaeg'os wewaq!wa a ye ya haa,
that I leave you sisters a ye ya haa,
a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
6. ^nex'SEweheg'inLas axe^lalaha, g'ahaxEULax kMeseheLEx
I was told by who does as he likes to me not I shall
g&ye^stalal qshEnLS g'ahaxL lahol ^ne^nEm6h6h6x"s
stay away long if I come to you friends
nogwawa a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
mine a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa, a ye ya a.
7. He^mesEliEn ^ne^nak'ehele ^ne^nEm6hohox"s nogwawa qahas
That is my reason of saying friends mine that you
k" !esah6s xEnLElahek'as wa^wohosElqElaxg'in lowalehehehede-
not you too much feel sad that I leave you
yag'os ^ne^nEm6hohox''s nogwawa a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa,
friends mine a ye ya haa, a ye ya haa,
a ye ya a.
a ye ya a.
!
boas] songs 1309
Parting Song
1. You are strong-minded to leave your lover here, your lover here,
my dear!
2. You are true-minded to leave your pain here, your pain, my
dear!
3. Where is he going, the one of surpassing strength of mind, my
dear?
4. Oh, he is going far away. He will be taken to the pretty place
named New York, my dear!
5. I shall ask all of you who walk the ground with me, my dear.
6. Is New York far away, where he will be taken, my love?
7. Oh, could I fly hke a poor Mttle raven by his side, my love!
8. Oh, could I, hke a poor httle raven, carry home news from him,
my dear!
9. Oh, could I fly down by the side of my dear, my love!
10. Oh, could I he down by the side of my dear, my pain!
11. The love for my dear kiUs my body, my master!
12. The words of him who keeps me ahve kill my body, my dear!
13. For he said that he wiU not turn his face this way for two j^ears,
my love
Parting Song
1. Wa'yadeyasg'as aya la'xClag'as aya la'xulag'aos g"iheyaya.
2. Alaaddeyasg'as aya ts!Exi'lag"as aya ts!Exi'lag'a6s g'iheyaya.
3. Wi'yohodzowaLexa haya'gadeyasg'as LomadahayEwag"aos g'ihe-
yaya.
4. ^ya, qwesg'ilaLe lahayudzowaLe lax yoy6x"Laya ek'as wawitsEn
g-iheyaya.
5. La^mEn wtlLayaLOLai namax'sihesElotas ayai nohogwawahai
giheyaya.
6. ya, qwesaladza^mae yoyox"Layaa lalahaa'yas aya ala lahaxula-
7. LanahaxwaaonesLEn gwa^winaowa p !ELElehenEwahilxEn ala
lahaxulayiya.
8. LanahaxwaaonesLEn gwa^winaowak'asa gwagwaxwalg'iwesEn
g-iheyaya.
9. LanahaxwaaonesLEn nE'lamaxallsalxEn g'lheyayalxEn fi,la laha-
xiilayiya.
10. LanahaxwaaonesLEn kOlamaxahsalxEn g'iheyayaelxEn ts!EX'i-
layiya.
11. LE^lEmg'itilaLai aya gwemalatsEn g'lheyayaelxEn q!a'gwidea.
12. LE^lEmg'itJlaLai aya waldEmasEn q iflla'laha^yowalxEn g'iheyaya.
13. Xexs ^nek'aexs mamal^EnxeleLai k'es gwasgEmg'ahsLEn 2,1a
lahaxulayiya.
! ! !
1310 KTHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [bth. anx. 35
14. O my lord ! O my dear! My master! My dear!
15. Oh, could I be the featherbed for you to He down on it, my dear!
16. Oh, could I be the pillow, for your head to rest on, my dear!
17. Good by! Now I am downcast! Now I weep for my love.
Workingman's Song of the leleged of the Q!6mk'!ut!es for
His First-born Son
1. When I am a man, I shall be a hunter, O father! ya ha ha ha!
2. When I am a man, I shall be a harpooneer, O father !ya ha ha ha
3. When I am a man, I shall be a canoe-builder, O father! ya ha
ha ha
4. When I am a man, I shall be a board-maker, O father! ya. ha
ha ha
5. When I am a man, I shall be a workman, O father! ya ha ha ha!
6. That there may be nothing of which you will be in want, O father
ya ha ha ha
14. AsEhEn adayaa asehEn g'iyaalxEn q lagwidealxEU g'lheyaya.
15. LanahaxwaaonesLEn ts !ag-ilk-lnal qa kulsgEmeso'^sEn g'iheyaya.
16. LanahaxwaaonesLEn qenolk'inal qa aya qeheltsEmaliitsosEn
g-Iheyaya.
17. Hala'k'asLElax'En la^msn xulsayawa, la^mEn q!waa'sayal qaEn
laxulayaya.
Workingman's Song of the leleged of the Q!6mk'!ut!es for
His First-born Son
1. Hants !enoqwi^lakwek' laqEn g-aq!ena^ye bEgwanEmts !eda das-
Bom to be a hunter at my becoming a man,
k!wa, ya ha ha ha.
Father ya ha ha ha.
2. Alewinoqwi^lakwek* laqEn g'aq!ena^ye bEgwanEmts leda dask!wa.
Bom to be a spearsman at my becoming a man, Father.
ya ha ha ha.
ya ha ha ha.
3. Leq!enoqwi^lakwek' laqEn g"aq!ena^ye bEgwanEmts !eda dask!wa,
Born to he a canoe-builder at my becoming a man, Father,
ya ha ha ha.
ya ha ha lia.
4. Latsiaenoqwi^lakwek' laqEn g-aq!ena«ye bEgwanEmts !eda das-
Bom to be a board-splitter at my becoming a man,
k!wa, ya ha ha ha.
Father ya ha ha ha.
5. EaqElaenoqwi^LEk' laqEn g-aq!ena^ye bEgwanEmts !eda dask!wa,
Will be a worker at my becoming a man. Father,
ya ha ha ha.
ya ha ha ha.
6. Qats k'!eatsetsos tsayakweyatsos 3'aqes ^nakwatsaos Sqeqs
That you you will nothing need of all you
dEsotsos dask!wa, ya ha ha ha.
wanted by you. Father ya ha ha ha.
! !
boas] songs 1311
Song of the Warrior K ilem of the NakIwax'da^x" for His
First-born Son
1. You were given by good fortune to your slave, you were given by
good fortune to your slave, to come and take the place of your
slave, wa ya ha ha
2. O tribes! hide yourselves. I have come to be a man, and my
name is Hellebore, wa ya ha ha!
3. Already are twisted the cedar-withes wliich I shall pass through
the mouths of the heads that I obtain in war, for I am true
Hellebore.
4. For I shall take in war the heads of the princes of the tribes, when
I come to be a man,
5. That I may have your names, as was done by my father, who has
your names for his names, wa ya ha ha
The ])receding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The
regular form would be as follows:
1. HanL lenoxwi'^lakwek' laxEn g"ax^ena^ye bEgwauEmx'^ida datsa,
ya ha ha ha.
2. Alewinoxwi4akwek" etc.
3. Leq !enoxwi4akwek' etc.
4. Lat !aenoxwi4akwek' etc.
5. EaxElaenoxwiLEk' etc.
6. Qas k.!easeLos lalaxwelasoLOs laxes ^naxwaLaos S,x^exsdEs6-
Los datsa, ya ha ha ha.
Song of the Warrior K'ilem of the NakIwax'da^x" for His
First-born Son
1. WawaltsEnetses qiatso; wawaltsEnetses q!atso qa^s dzaqetsos
Obtained-by-good-luck by your slave: ob!ained-by-good-]uck by your slave that you come
heyaboyetsaxdzas q!atsos, wa ya ha ha.
to Take the place of your slave wa ya ha ba.
2. WatsEiya yeyqwayatse wunwungEmyestsol dzaq^mets bEgwa-
Go on tribes hide yourselves for I have come to be a
nEmts!eda qsn dzegades §,xtsoye, wa ya ha.
man that I have name of hellebore (i .c a cruel one), wa ya ha.
3. Dzaq^Emts gwalets tsElbEk"dza dEwek" qa nayaqstsetsEn
Come ' already twisted cedar withes that you put through the
mouths of my
wlyanEmtsa qeqadzak"tsaxdzEn ayetsEk" ^xtsoye.
obtained in war heads my really hellebore (i. g. cruel).
4. YlxdzEn dzedzagEmdzaledzaq dzodzaElgEmayatsa yeyqwaya-
For I shall lake the first ones the princes of the tribes
tsa^ye qEn wInatsoldzEn dzaqek" bEgwanEmts!eda.
that I make war against when I come to be a man.
5. Qeu dzaqetsEn dzedzEgadzEses dzedzEgEmats yaq gwets!edaa-
That I come I have your names for my'names as * was done by
tsaxs &sk!wats dzaqaeq dzedzEgadzEs dzedzEgEmos.
my father he obtained for his* names your names.
! ! !
1312 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth.ann.ss
Song of the Son of Chief HfitAMAs of the NakIwax'da^x"
1. By good luck was given to us our master, he who will be chief of
the Naklwax'da^x", ya ho wa ha!
2. Our master will take the princesses of the tribes to be his wives,
ya ho wa ha
3. So that the high-named coppers of the chiefs of the tribes wUl
assemble around him, ya ho wa ha
4. And I shaU get the names and privileges of the cliiefs of the tribes
by marrying their princesses, ya ho wa ha
The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The regu-
lar form would be as follows:
1. Wawalk'lneses qlak'6; wawalk'ineses qlak'6 qa^s g'axeLos he-
labolisalg'as q!ak"6g"os, wa ya ha ha.
2. Wagil la lelqw&laLe wflnwiingEmlesLol gax^mek" bEgwa-
nEmx'Pda qsn Legades axsole, wa ya ha ha.
3. G'ax^mek" gwalil sElbEx^g-a dEwexEk' qa nayax'steltsEn
win^anEmLa qeqag"ix"LExg'in aleLEk" axsolel.
4. Ylxg'ln g"ig'agEmdalil qaxox LOLaElgftma^yasa lelqwalaLa^ya
qsn winasolg'ln g'axek" bEgwanEmx'^ida,
5. QEn g'axcLEn LeLEgadEltsox LeLEgEmaxs lax gwex'^idaasaxs
atsiixs g'axae LeLEgatses LeLEgEmos, wa ya ha ha.
Song of the Son of Chief Helamas of the NakIwax'da^x"
1. WawaltsEnetsoq watsalaatsexqwa dzeqayatsasa naEnk!wakda.
Obtained-by-good-Iuck Dog Owner will be chief o( the Naklwax-da'X"
^qwe ya howa ha.
ya bowa ha.
2. DzedzagEmdza^yatsoq watsalaatsax tsIests'.EdeLas g"ig"lgama-
Daughters of head chiefs Dog Owner princesses of the chiefs of
^yatsa yeyquyatsa^ye qats gEUEmtsIeda ya howa ha.
the tribes for to become his wives ya howa ha.
3. Qats a^meL tsEmqo^nakilyasoltsa dzedzEgadze tsIats'.Eqwas
That just come from all sides the great named coppers of
dzedzEgEma^yats yeyquyatsa^ye ya howa ha.
the chiefs of the tribes ya howa ha.
4. Wa, he^metsEn gEdzadzEmtsa laq tsIests'.EdeLas dzedzEgEma-
Oh, and that I 'shall get by marriage from the princesses of the chiefs of the
^yatsa yeyquyatsa^ya dzedzEgEme dzE^wa kMek'lowe ya
tribes names* and crests ya
howa ha.
howa ha.
The proceeding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The
regular form would be as follows:
1. Wawalkine yox Wasalaasexxwa g'iqalasaxsa NaEnk'.wax'da-
^xwex, ya howa ha.
2. G"ig'agEmdalaLox Wasalaasax k- !esk- lEdelas g-Ig-igama^yasa
lelqwSlaLa^ye qas gEnEmx'^ida, ya howa ha.
3. Qa^s a'mel kimqElasSltsa LcLEgade LlaLlsqwas g-ig'i^ama^yasa
lelqwalaLa^ye, ya howa ha.
4. Wa, he^mesEn gEg-adanEmL lax k" lesk" '.Edelas g-ig-ig&ma^yasa
lelqwalaLa^yes LeLEgEme LE^wes k* !ek' '.Es^owe, ya howa ha.
! ! ! !
BOAS] SONGS 1313
«
Song of the Daughter of a Workingman
1. Our Treasure came here to dig clams for her mother and her old
slave, ahe ahe ya!
2. Our Treasure came here to dig clover for her mother and her old
slave, ahe ahe ya
3. Our Treasure came here to dig cinquefoil for her mother and her
old slave, ahe ahe ya
4. O mother! make me a basket, that I may pick salmon-berries,
salal-berries, and hucldeberries for my old slave, ahe ahe ha
5. Let him get ready who is to be my husband, that he may be ready
to help my mother and my old slave, ahe ahe ya
Song of the Daughter of a Workingman
1. Wawaltsinegadzada dzaqEk' qats yaLeLqa dzawegayime qa-
Obtained-by-good-luck-woman came to dig clams for
dzas abayaak" dzogwats wayoLEk", ahe ahe ya.
her mother here and this old dog ahe ahe ya.
2. Wawaltsinegadzada dzaqsk" qats ts'.otseqa t!Ex"tsose qadzas
Obtained-by-good-luck-woman came to dig clover for her
abayaak" dz5gwats wayoLEk", ahe ahe ya.
mother here and this old dog ahe ahe ya.
3. Wawaltsinegadzada dzaqEk' qats tslotseqa LEk'tsEme qadzas
Obtained-by-good-luck-woman came to dig cinquefoil for her
abayaak" dzogwats wayoLEk", ahe ahe ya.
mother here and this old dog ahe ahe ya.
4. WadzEl ya abayaa ysqeya qEn hamyatseqa qlEmdzE-
Go on now mother make a for me to pick berries salmon berries
basket
kwe dzE^wa nEgiitse dzE^wa gwadzEme qatsox wayoLEk",
and salal-bcrrles and huckleberries for this old dog
ahe ahe ya.
ahe ahe ya.
5. WadzEl yaqe gwaLaLatsEn La^wuyEmtsa qa tslestsa gEmtsEx-
Go on now ' be ready for my future husband that not he * be lazy
tsats qa dzewayats qo abayaak" dzEwok" wayoLek", ahe
to help me ray mother here and this old dog ahe
ahe ya.
ahe ya.
The preceding is simg in the pronunciation of children. The reg-
ular form would be as follows:
1. Wawalk'inegag'ada g'axEk" qa^s yalelxa g"aweq!anEme qag"as
abayaak" Logwas wayolEk", ahe ahe ya.
2. Wawaik'inegag'ada g"axEk" qa^s tslosexa t!Ex"sose qag'as aba-
yaak" Logwas wayolEk", ahe ahe ya.
3. Wawaik"inegag"ada g'axEk" qa^s tslosexa LEX"sEme qag'as aba-
yaak" Logwas waydlEk", ahe ahe ya.
4. Wag"il la abayaa lExela qEn hamyats!exa qlEmdzskwe LE^wa
nEk'.tile LE^wa gwadsme qaox wayolex, ahe ahe ya.
5. Wag'il lax"i gwalalaLEn la^wunEmLaxa k"!esLa q'.EmtslEXLal qa
g'lwalalg'a abayaak" Logwa wayolEk", ahe ahe ya.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 34
!
1314 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
Song of Chief's Daughter
1. Be ready, O chiefs' sons of the tribes! to be n\y husbands; for I
come to make my husband a great chief through my father,
for I am mistress, ha ha aya lia lia aja. !
2. I, mistress, come to be your wife, O princes of tlae cliiefs of the
tribes! I am seated on coppers, and have many names and
privileges that wUl be given by my father to my future husband,
ha ha aya ha lia aya
3. For my belt has been woven by my mother, which I use when I
look after the dishes that will be given as a marriage present by
my father to him wlio sliall be my husband, when many kinds
of food shall be given in the marriage-feast by my father to him
who shall be my husband, ha ha aya ha ha aya!
Song of Chief's Daughter
1. WadzEl ya gwaLaLaLEq dzodzaEygEmets dzedzEg'imets yeyqii-
Now go on * be ready princes o*f chiefs of the tribes
yatse qasn tsa^wunEmts!ets qadzEn he^medzEn dzadzEqeLe
for my future husbands for therefore I come
qaEn dzedzEqeye qEn tsa^wunsmtsa dzogwa adatsaxdzEn
that I make a chief my husband with tlus my father who I
waots!aatsek", ha ha aya ha ha aya.
his master ha ha aya ha ha aya.
2. Waots!aatsEntsaxdzEn dzaqek' qats gEnEmots dzodzaEygEmets
Master I shall come to be * your wife princes of the
dzedzEgSmets yeyquyatse. ts!aqwadzEn k !watsayets6k"
chiefs of the tribes. Coppers my seat
genEmdza ts!ets!Eso dzogwa dzedzEgEmts qa yaydtsdza
many privileges and names for given by
adatsats yaqEn tsa^wiinEmtsa, ha ha aya, lia ha aya.
my father to my husband ha ha aya ha ha aya.
3. Qaxts ya^mets gwaLdza yipedzas ada qaEn wiitsedzanotsE qEnts5
For now it is ' finished plated by my mother for my belt when I
Layoqtseyax LeLdquylLalxdzetsasdza adatsats yaqEn tsa-
take care of the future house dishes of my father to my future
^wQnEmtsa qo wawadzEtses genEmtsa hemaomatsoq adatsaq
husband when he gives in the ' many kinds of food my father
marriage feast
yaqEn tsa^wQnEmtsa, ha ha aya ha ha aya.
to my future husband ha ha aya ha ha aya.
The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of childi'en. The reg-
ular form would be as follows:
:
boas] songs 1315
Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up their Son
Don't sleep! for your paddle fell into the water, and ycur spear.
Don't sleep ! for the ravens and crows are flying about.
Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up their Daughter
Don't sleep too much! Your digging-stick fell into the water, and
your basket. Wake up! It is nearly low water. You will be
late down on the beach.
1. Wag'il la gwalalaLEx LOLaElgames g'ig'ig§,mes lelqwalaLe qEn
la^wiinEmL qaxg'in he^mek" g'ag'Exel qEn g'ig"aqIlexEn
la^wunsmLa Logwa adatsaxg'in waots!aasEk", ha ha aya
ha ha aya.
2. Wa5ts!aasEni,axg'in g'axek' qa^s gEnEmos LoLaElgames g"ig"iga-
mes lelqwalaLe L!aqwag"in k!wadzalilts6k" q!enEmg'a k'!e-
k"!Es^6 Logwa LeLEgEmk' qa lay5ltsg'a adatsa laxEn la^wu-
nEniLa, ha ha aya ha ha aya.
3. Qaxs la^mek" gwalg'a yipeg'as ada qEn wQseg'anoL qEnLo lalox-
sIlaLEx lel6quli}ElxLeLasg"a adatsak" laxEn la^wunEmLa qo
wawadzELEs q!enEnaLa hemaomasox adatsax laxEn la^wu-
nEmLa, ha ha aya ha ha aya.
Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up their Son
^ya gwalyats meqax ya^me tsextses tsewayok^daots dzE^wets
Oh do not sleep now it fell into your paddle and your
the water
mastox'daots. ^ya gwalyats meqax yaEmk' ^nakwa bsLEme^staya-
harpoon. Oh do not sleep now all are flying
qeda gwa^winaq dzE^wa tsaqEyagak'.
ravens and crows.
The preceding is sung in the pronunciation of children. The reg-
ular form would be as follows:
^ya gwallas mexax, la^me texstes se^wayox"da6s LE^wis mastox"-
daos. ^ya gwallas mexax, laEmk" ^naxwa p !ELEme^stalaxa gwa«-
winak' LE^wa k'axElagak'.
Song of Parents Who Want to Wake up their Daughter
^ya, gwalyats XEntsEya meqax, ya^me tsextses ts!Eyak"daots dzE-
Oh do not too much sleep, now it fell into your digging stick ' and
the water
^wets yEqEyak"da6ts. ^ya, ts!Ets!edadzadza, ya^moq ayaq wQydza-
your basket. Oh wake up now nearly it stopped
yitsa x"its!aqEyaq aLats aLEnts!etsots.
ebb-tide else you will be late on the beach.
The preceding is smig m the pronunciation of children. The reg-
ular form would be as follows
^ya, gwallas xEULEla mexax la^me texstes k' lilax'daos LE^wis 1e-
xElax'daos. ^ya, tslEX'^idadzaqa la^mox Elaq wulg'alisa x'ats!axE-
ax aLas alEnts!esoL.

X. ADDENDA
Dog Hair (to p. 134)
You asked me about the dog wool of the early KwakiutI people.
| 1
I saw one dog of a chief whose name was NEg'adzo (Great Moun-
|
tain), and NEg'adze was chief of the numaym G'Tgilgam, of the
|
^walas Kwag'ul, and the name of the great short legged || dog was 5
Qalakwa. The hair of the dog was long like wool, and it hung down
|
to the ground as he was walking about, and the hair was not very
|
curly. The hair was very fine. His
| eyes did not show on account
of the hair that covered them. It looked as though he had no
I
feet, as he was walking about.
II 10
|
(The reason why Qalakwa was the name of the dog of the chief
|
NEgadze, of the numaym G'lg'ilgam, of the ^walas Kwag'ul, was,
|
because O^maxt lalaLe met Qawadiliqala paddling at Yaexug'iwano.
|
Then their minds were just like oil || and water when they are poured 15
together and stirred. This was called by people of olden times,
|
Qalakwa, for the oil turns white when it is mixed with the water.
|
That is the meaning of the name of the dog Qalakwa. I just wish
|
to talk about the meaning of the name of the dog.)
| ||
Dog Hair
Wa, heEmxaas wuLasE^wa p'.alEmdzS. ^wats'.esa g'ale bEgwanEmsa i
Kwag'ul, ytxs ^nEma^En doxwaLEl ^watslesa g-ig^ma^yol yixa Lega-
dolas NEg'adze, yixs g'lgama^yae NEg'adzasa ^nE^memotasa G'lgil-
g5.masa ^walas Kwag'ul. Wa, la Legadeda ^walas ts!Elts!ox"ses
^watslEs Qalakwa. Wa, la g'ilsg'ilt '.Ena^ye hSbEsasa ^wats!e he 5
gwex's plalEm, yixs dokumg'ilsElae habEsas lax awinaklusaxs g'il-
^nakiilae, yixs k' !esae alaEm tiEmkwe hS.bEsas. Wa, la Lomax'^id
wiwultowe habEsas. Wa, la k'!es neEnlales gigEyagEse qaes
habEsaxs lae xEsEmalaq lax k'!Ey§,ts!enex'st!aakwas g'og'Eguyosexs
g'll^nakulae. 10
(Wa, heEm lag'ilas LegadEs Qalakwaxa ^watslasa gwasx'alag'ihse
NEg'iidzexa g'Tg^ma^yasa ^nE^memota G'ig'ilgamasa ^walas Kwag'ul
qaxs lae sesaxoLa^ye O^maxt lalaLe^ l6^ Qawadihqftla lax Yaexug'i-
wano, wa, la hex'^idaEm^El ^nEmx'^Ide nenaqa^yas he gwex'sa L!e^na
LE^wa ^wapaxs lae guqaso^ qa^s xwet'.etsE^we. Wa, heEm gwE^yasa 15
g'ale bEgwanEm qalakwe, yixs lae ^mElxstox^wideda Lle^na, yixs
lae lalaqeda Lle^na laq. Wa, he^mis ^nenak'ittsa LegEmasa ^wats!e
Qalakwa. A^mEn ^nex' qEn gwagwex's^ale lax ^ne^nak'ilasa LegE-
masa ^wats !e.)
1317
1318 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |eth. ann. sb
20 At tlie end of the winter, the hair of the dog was cut and when
|
this was done, the woman, the wife of NEg'adze, whose name was
|
K" lamaxalas, took the dog hair and washed it in running water.
|
After slie had done so, she hung it np for the water to drip off, and
|
25 after all the water had dripped ofj, when it was |1 not dry yet, she
pulled it apart and pulled out the hairs singty and put them down
|
lengthwise at the place where she was sitting. When all the hair
|
had been pulled apart, the woman took her spindle and her spinning
|
box, and she put together three hairs of different lengths. The
|
ends were even and she wound them around the spindle and she
|
30 spun tliem. Now the || hairs were twisted in the same way as is
done with nettle bark. When they were all twisted, they were|
woven into the yellow cedar bark blanket. If a man wears on his
|
body a blanket with a hair braid, it is a sign that he is a chief, and|
when the braid is of mountain goat wool, then he is a common man. 11
35 Now, all braidings of the cedar bark blankets are entirely of cedar
bark, for I saw only one dog of this kind, when 1 was a little boy.
| \
That is the end.
Prayer of the Salmon-Fisher (to p. 618)
1 When the salmon-fisher gets home, and when he has caught many
|
salmon, he goes into the river house and immediately prays to his
|
20 Wa, g'il^Eni^awise gwal ts'.Jiwflnxa lae t'.osMayowe habssas ok!\\i-
na^yasa ^wats!e. Wa, g'il^mese gwala laeda tslEdaqe gEnEmas
NEg'adzexa LegadEs KMamaxa^las &x^edxa habEsasa ^watsle qa^s1
ts'.ox^wldeq laxa tslaese wa. Wa, g-il^mese gwala lae gex^wulEq qa
ts!aoqalesa ^wape laq. Wa, g'il^mese gwal ts'.aoquleda ^wape laqexs
25 k'^es^mae lEmx-'wIda. Wii, lit bel^IcJEq qa^s Iskwe '^nal^nEmts'.a-
,-:. q'.Emqaxa habEse qa^s L!ax^alilEles laxes k'.waelase. Wa, g'il^mese
^wPla lEgEkwa habEse lae &x^ededa ts!Edaqaxes x'ilp'.EXsdo LE^wis
qlEmgatsIe. Wa, la q!Emx«^edEq. Wa, hiHne axodalaxa yudux"-
ts'.aqe habEsxa tslElts'.EkwamEnkiila. Wii, lii ^uEmabal-'ida la qEx"-
30 %LElodayos laxes x'ilplExsdo. Wii, lii x-ilp!eda. Wii, la^me metli?-
dEq lax gwegi-iasaxa gun. Wii, g-il^mese ^wPla medEkwa lae
yibEmnuk"sa hiibEs^Ene medEk" laxes dex"sEme k'lobawasa. Wii,
heEm milmalt!(ik'!esa ^nExHlnaliixa habasas yibEmaxs g'lgama^yae
Loxs p'.alEmaasa ^mElxLowe yibEmas ^nEx^flna^yas wax'eda bEgwii-
35 nEmq!ala^me. Lii ^naxwaEm medEk" dexwe yibEmas ^nEx-'una^yas
yixs ^nEmaEn dox-'waLEle he gwex's ^wats'.exgin he^maoig-iu ale
g'iniinEme. Wa, laEm laba.
Prayer of the Salmon-Fisher
1 Wa, he^maaxs g'axae na^iakweda yiihiEk'.wenoxwaxa k-'.otEla,
yixs qlEyoLaaxa k"!otEla, wii, lii laeL laxes wiwamedzatsle g'okwa.
5
BOAS] ADDENDA 1319
house to be good when he dries his salmon. He only prays to it
|
when he has many salmon. || He does not pray when he does not get 5
any salmon.
]
This is the prayer of the salmon-fisher, when he catches the first
|
salmon with a hook: "Welcome, Swimmer. I thank you, because I
|
am still alive at this season when you come back to our good place;
|
for the reason why you come is that we may play together || with my 10
fishing taclvle. Swimmer. Now, go home and tell your friends that
|
3^ou had good luck on account of your coming here and that they
|
shall come with their wealth bringer, that I may get some of your
wealth, Swimmer; and also take away my sickness, friend, super-
|
I
natural one, Swimmer." Thus he says, while he is praying. 1.5
||
|
This is only the prayer for the first salmon caught by trolling or
|
the first one caught with the hook in the river. All the wise
|
salmon-fishermen have different prayers, and there are salmon-
fishermen who are not wise, who do not care about || the salmon| 20
that they have caught. The numayms are not owners of the prayers
|
of the salmon-fishermen, for the prayers belong to those who work
|
on the salmon. I
Wa, la hex"^ida ts!Elwaqaxes g"okwe qa ek'es lEmx^widamasLExa 3
xa^mase. Wa, lex'asm ts!Elwaqax"dEmsexs q'.EyoLaaxa kMotEla.
Wa, la k"!es ts!Elwaqaxs k'!easae k" lotoLanEme. 5
Wa, g'a^mes tslEpwax^idayosa yal^nEk !wenoxwaxa k-!6tEla laxes
g'iile ^uEm gaLEkwa laxa kMotEla: "Wit, gelak'.as^la mEyoxwan
qaxg'in g'axek" g'ax^aLEla laxwa g'axdEmaqos aedaaqa laxEns
aex'dEmesex qaxs he^maaqos g'axele qEnu^x" aEmlqlEnwesg'ada
wiwak'ayogun laL, mEyoxwan. Wii, hag'ii la na^nak"LEx qa^s 10
ts!Ek"!aiEla6saxEns ^ne^iiEmokwaxs helaxaaqos laxes g'ax^ena^yos
qa g"axese g'axs^alitses q !eq lomg'ilaya qEii hayalale laxes q!e-
qlomx'LEiios mEyoxwan. Wa, he^mis qa^s dag'ilxLalaosaxg'in ts!e-
ts!Ex"q!olEmk-, qast, yuL ^nawalax"s, mEyoxwan," ^nek'Exs lae
ts lElwaqa. 1
Wa, lex'aEm tslElwaqasE^wa g'ale l^LaiiEm kMotElaxa dogwanEm
Loxs g'alae gaLEk" laxa wa. Wa, la ^naxwaEm ogu^la^me ts'.ElwE-
qayasa ne^nagade yahiEk !wenoxwaxa k'lotEla. Wa, g'U^mese k'!ea,s
naqesa waokwe yiiluEklwenoxwaxa k'lotEla la k'!es ^miig'ilaxes 1§.-
LanEm k'lotEla. Wa, la k'les axnogwadeda ^nal^nEmemasasa tslEl- 20
wagayasa yeyalnEk!wenoxwaxa kMotEla, ylxs hEsq'.alEmaaq tslel-
wagayo laxes eaxsE^weda k' !otEla.
1320 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
Prater of the Halibut-Fisher (to p. 618)'
24 When the haHbu t-fisher of the Nakhvax'dax", or of the LlaLlasi-
|
qwSla, goes out fishing, and when he arrives on the fishing ground, ll
25 he takes his hooks and his bait,—that is the skinned tentacles of the
octopus, and he cuts off a piece one span I long. He cuts open one
I
side and spreads it out. Then he takes his paddle and lays it across
|
both sides of his fishing canoe in front of the place where the halibut-
|
30 fisher sits. || Then he takes his club and the spread split tentacles|
of the octopus, which he puts on the paddle on which the bait is to
be prepared, and he pounds it with his club. He does not strike it
|
hard. Therefore, the split bait, the tentacle of the octopus, becomes
|
thin. As soon as he has made two of these, he takes his " younger
I
35 brother," |! the halibut hook,—for thus the halibut hook is called by
the halibut-fisher,—and \ he puts the bait on his "younger brother,"
the hook, and ties it on with string. After he has done so, he takes
|
the crosspiece and hangs the ends of his "younger brothers" (he
|
means the hooks) to both ends of it. They are put on with a half
hitch. After he has done so, he takes the sinker and attaches it
!
40 between the hooks to the || crosspiece. After he has done so, he holds
the crosspiece in the middle and speaks while he is praying to his
[
"younger brothers." He says to them:
|
Prayer of the Halibut-Fisher
23 Wa, he^maaxs hae loqweda loqlwenoxwaxa p!a^ye yisa Naklwax'-
da^x" LE^wa L!aL!asiqw&la, wa g'il^mese lag"aa laxes loqwa^ye lae
25 dax'^Idxes g'amola LE^wa telexa sabEkwe g'ogiiyosa tEqIwa. Wa,
la totlEtslEndsq pa ^nal^nEmp!Enk"es laxEns q!waq!wax'ts!ana^yex,
ylx a,w£lsgEmasas. Wa, la t!os^IdEx &psot!Ena^yas qa^s LEp'.ideq.
Wa, la ax^edxes se^wayo qa^s pagiigEndes lax ^wax'sotaga^yases
bakwa^latsle xwak!i1na lax nalelExsas kiwaxdzasasa bakwa^eno-
30 xwaxa p'.a^ye. Wa, la ^x^edxes ha^yano. Wa, la LEbEdzotsa ^yi-
^mslkwe g"ogilyosa tEq!wa laxa teie^ladzo se^wayo. Wa, la t!Elxul-
dzEwesa ha^yano laq laqes k'lesae ealtsllaxs lae tlElxuldzE^weq.
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas la ^la la psldzEweda ^yi^mElkwe tel g'ogiiyosa
tEqIwa. Wa, g'iPmese gwala ma^ie S,xas lae dax'^idxes ts'.iVyaxa
35 g"amola gwE^yosa bakwa^lenoxwaxa pla^yes g'amola. Wa, la
S,x«aLElotsa tele laxes ts!a^yeda g'amola qa^s k" '.Elgil^'Endesa k' !il-
k'Ema. Wa,g'il^mese gwala lae Sx^edxes Llak" lose. Wa, lagaxbEn-
dalases ts!ats!a^ya lax ^wax'sba^yas. Wa, la max^waLElots. Wa,
g'il^mese gwala lae ax^edxa qElyaga^ye qa^s tEgwagEndes laxa
40 L!ak"!6se. Wa, g-il^mese gwala lae dayEwexa L'.ak'Iose. Wa, la^me
yaq'.Eg'a^la lae tslElwaqaxes ts!ats!a^ya. Wa, la ^nek"aq:
I See also Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol V, pp. 476, lines 18-22; 478, lines 1-7, 18-22, 28-32.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1321
'' Oh, younger brothers, now _you are dressed with your good dress. 42
|
Now you will go and call the Old-Woman, Smelling-Woman, Born-
|
to-be-Giver-of-the-House, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, || and invite those 45
whom I have named." Thus saj-s the halibut-fisher and puts into
|
the water the crosspiece.
|
He says so, and pays out the halibut fishing line. While he is
|
paying out the fishing line, the halibut-fisher \ says, prajing down
into the water: ||
"Now get ready for it. Smelling-Woman; do not watch it for a 50
long time, but give it to every corner of your house, Born-to-be-
|
Giver-of-the-House."
|
As soon as the fishing line touches the bottom, he says:
|
"Now, go for it. Smelling-Woman, do not play looking at your
sweet-tasting food, Born-to-be-Giver-of-the-House, but take it at
]
once, go ahead. Old-Woman, go ahead and take
|| your sweet-tasting 55
food, go ahead, go ahead, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth. Do not let
| me
wait very long on the water, Old-Woman. Go ahead, go ahead,
|
my j^cunger brothers are dressed with your sweet-tasting food, Old-
Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth." Thus he says.
I |
As soon as he gets a bite, he says, "Hold on, hold on, younger
brother." || Thus he says, while he is hauling up the fisliing line. As 60
soon as he sees the I halibut, he takes his club and when the head
"Wa, ts!ats!a^ya laEm sqlwalEnkwa yisos ek'ex qlwalax'LE^naxos 42
laqos q'.walax'LE^na tsla^yak'as. Wa, laEms lal qa^s Le4ala5saxa
lEk Iwana^yexa mesagaxa ts !alallli^lakwexa lEnbeLlExo, qa^s laos
^wFla Le^lalaxEn la LCLEqalasE^wa," ^nek'eda bakwa^lenoxwaxa p!a«- 45
yaxs lae &xstEndxes iJakMose.
Wa, la ^nek'axs lae ts!EngunsEles bakwalaani^ye. Wa, g'il^mese
ts!EngtinsEleda bakwa^laanS-yExs laeda loq Iwenoxwaxa p!§,^ye
^nek'Exs lae tslElwagEnsEla:
"Wa, gwalalax, mesaga. Gwala gep laltolisEq" qa^s tslEwana- 50
geleLosasox ts!alallli4akwa."
Wa, g'U^mese lag'ale logway^s lae ^nek-a:
"Wag"itlaqo mesaga. Gwala ^Em dadogumaxs ex"p!aq!6sa ts!&-
lalifrlakwii, qa^s hex'^ida^mos dabEndqwa. Wadzo Isklwana. Wa-
dzag'aq" laxos ex'p!aq!6sa. Wadzo, wadzo lEnbeLlExowa'. Gwal- 55
dzosEn xEnLEla gewala esEla, lEklwana'. Wildzo, wadzo, la^mo
qlwalEnkun ts!ats!a^yax yisos ex'plaqlosa', lEklwana', yuL lEnbe-
i'.Exowa'," ^nek'e.
Wa, g'll^mese qlEx-^itsE^wa lae ^nek'a: " Dala, dalalaqo tsla^ya,"
^nek'Exs lae dEng'otalaxes logwayowe. Wa, g'il^mese dox^waLElaxa 60
pla^ye lae dax'^idxes ha^yano. Wa, g'll^mese qlaxumx'^Ideda pla^ye
:
1322 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |kih. ann. 35
62 comes out of the water, he strikes it on the nose. Then the halibut-
|
fisher says, when he strikes the hahbut:
I |
"Indeed, this does not sound had on your head, Old-Woman, you
65 Flahby-Skin-in-Mouth, you Born-to-be-Giver-in-House, || for, indeed,
I came to do so to you with my club, Old-Woman. Go now and|
tell your father, your mother, your uncle, your aunt, your elder
|
brothers, and j'our younger brothers, that you had good luck, because
you came into this, my fishing canoe." Thus he says, sending
|
away the soul of the halibut to go and tell the news to his relatives,
|
70 telling them that the place to which he came || where he lay dead in
the fishing canoe was good. I
Now he takes off the hook from the halibut and four times he puts
the hook into the ej'es of the halibut, saying:
|
" Now, Old-Woman, look well at this sweet-smelling dress of our
|
younger brother, and tell your tribe, Old-Woman." Thus he says
to it.
I!
75 Then he washes his hooks so that all the blood comes off, and when
|
it has all been washed off, he holds them up and prays to them,
saying:
|
" Oh, you good younger brother, now your dress has been washed.
|
Now you will go down again to call Old-Woman, Smelling-Woman,
|
Flabb3'-Skiu-in-Mouth and Born-to-be-Giver-of-House, tliat they also
80 come here where Old-Woman has already come. Now, go, good||
younger brother." Thus he says, as he puts it into the water.
| |
62 lae kwex^idEx x'iudzasas. Wa, lii ^nek'eda bakwa^lenoxwaxa p!a-
^yaxs lae kwex^idxa p !a^ye
"At!as «yak" lalaLE^ma lEklwane^, yuL lEnbeLJExo, yul tslalalili-
65 4ak". QiiLaxs he^maex g'axele qEn he gweg'ilasg'in hayanok" Ml,
lEk!wane^ Wa, hagilla tslEkMalElax asa lo^ abasa lo« q!ule^ya
Lo^ anesa l6^ ^no^uEla l6^ ts!ats!a«yasexs laaqos helaxaxs g'axaex
g'axExs laxgin bakwa^lats'.ek' xwak!una," ^nek'Exs lae ^yalaqas
bEx^una^yasa p'.a^ye qa lils ts '.Ek" lalslaxes LeLELalaxs ek'aes g'axe
70 yaguxdzasa bakwa^latsle xwak!una.
Wa, la^me axodxes g'amola laxa pla^ye. Wa, la moplEna &x^a-
LElotses g"amola lax gegayagEsasa pla^ye. Wa, la ^nek"a:
"Weg'a, lEklwane^ helplaltalaxwa ex'p'.ax q IwalaxxEnsEn ts'.a-
tsla^yax qa^s layos ts'.Ek'IalElaxes g'okulotaos, lEk'.waneS" ^nek'Eq.
75 Wa, la ts '.ox^widxes g'amola qa ^wlHes lawayeda Elkwa. Wii, g'U^mese
«wlla la tslokwa, lae dzoxwahiq qa^s tslElwaqeq. Wa, la 'nek'a:
"Wa, ts'.a^yak'as, laEms kwakwaxos q!waq!walax"LE^naqos. Wa,
hagilla edEnsaLEx qa^s Le^lalaosax lEklwane^ l6^ mesaga lo^ lEnbe-
LlExa l6« tslalallli^lakwa qa g-axlag-ise ogwaqa laxox g-axex g-axa-
80 tsox lEk!wana^yex. Wa, laEms laLol, ts!a^yak'as," ^nek'Exs lae
ts!Enx"stEjidEq.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1323
Then he just repeats the words which he first said when he put 82
|
the halihut fishing fine into the water.
|
After he has finished fishing, he comes home to his house || and as 85
soon as he arrives on the beach of his house, the first thing done by
|
him is to untie the bait from the hahbut hooks and to hang them on
the side of his fishing canoe. After this has been done, he coils up
j
the fishing line, and after this has been done, he steps out of his
I |
canoe carrying his fishing line which he hangs up || at the place made 90
for hanging up the line. Aftfer this has been done, he goes back to
|
his canoe and puts the hooks into liis hook box. After this has
|
been done, he hauls the halibut out of his fishing canoe and puts
[
them all belly up as he hauls them out. lie does not allow the head
|
of the halibut to go clown into the water || at the side of the fishing 95
canoe when he first hauls them out, for the first Indians said that
|
if the head of a liaUbut should be covered by water when it is first
|
hauled out of the fishing canoe, it would immediately be bad weather
|
and rain, and, therefore, they take care not to let the head be
|
covered b}^ water, when the halibut is hauled out of the fishing canoe
by the || fisherman. After the fisherman has done so, he takes his 100
hook box, and comes into the house. Then he puts down his
I
fishing box in the place where nobody walks, and his wife gives
I |
Wit, laxae a.Em ^nEgEltodxes g"ale waldEmxs g'alae tsEiix"- 82
stEndxes logwayowe.
Wa, g-ll-'mese gwal bakwalaxs g'axae na^nakwa laxes g'okwe.
Wa, gil^mese hig'aa lax LlEma^isases gokwe, wa he^mis g'll ax^etso- 85
^sexs lae qwelodxa telases g'Ig'amola qa^s gexwagEdales laxes ba-
kwa^latsle xwakuna. Wa, g'lUmese gwala lae aekMa qEs^edxes
bakwalaana^ye dEUEma. Wii, g'll^mese g'wala lae lalta laxes ba-
kwalaatsle xwakluna dalaxes bakwalaana^ye dEnEma qa^s la gex-
^wits laxa hekwelaye qa ge^watses dEnEme. Wii, g'il^mese gwala 90
la aedaaqa laxes xwak!una qa^s latslodeses g"ig"amola laxes gim-
%ts!e g'tldase. Wa, g'll^mese gwala lae gax'soltodxa p!ep!a^ye
laxes bakwalaatsle xwaklQna laqexs ^naxwa^mae nELaleda playaxs
lae gax^soltalaq. Wii, la k'!es helq'.alaq lEnsa ma^legamanasa
pla^ye lax ogwaga^yases bakwalaatsle xwakluna ytxs g"alae gax'sol- 95
todEq, cjaxs ^nek'aeda g'ale baklumqexs g il^mae tlEpsma playaxs
g^alae gax'soltaya laxa bakwalaatsle xwaklilna, laE hex'ida ^yax'-
sEmx'^ideda ^nala la ^yEyogiisa. Wa, he^mis lag"ilas aek'Illaso^ qa
k"!eses t'.EpEm laxa ^wapaxs lae gax'soltalayS. pla^yasa bakwa^le-
noxwaxa p'.a^ye. Wa, g'il^mese gwala, lae &x^edxes g'im^ats'.e 100
gildas qa^s la laxes g'okwe. Wa, g'll^mese h&ng'alilaxes g'lm^la-
ts'.e g"lldas laxa k'lese qayatsa bebEgwanEm lae g'EUEmas S,x^ed
qa LlExwas. Wa, g'U^mese lIexwbxs lae xwanaHdeda tslEdaqe
1324 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
him to eat. After he has eaten, the woman gets ready to cut open|
5 the hahbut to take out the intestines on the beach; || and when the
intestines of the hahbut have been taken out, the woman turns|
inside out the stomach so that everything inside comes out, and she
looks for cedar or hemlock sticks or a stone that might be in the
I
stomach, for these bring good luck to the fisherman, these that wore
|
named by me. After the woman has finished, she cdls her husband ||
|
10 to haul up the halibut, and the woman draws saltwater and pours it|
over the blood on the beach, so that the blood may go down into|
the gravel of the beach, for the first Indians said that if a dog should
|
lick up the blood of the biting\ hahbut, the halibut would stop the
15 hook of the fisherman. After the woman had done so, she goes toI|
where she has put the halibut. . . .
!
Prayer to the newly made halibut hook of the halibut-fisher.
|
When he first puts in the bone tooth into the halibut hook and I
the attachment for the line, the bait string, the bark of devil's club
which is wrapped around the lower end near the bone tooth at the
I
20 lower end of the halibut hook which is called || bait holder; when all
this has been done, the halibut-fisher holds up his newly made hook|
and prays to it. He says:
|
|
"Oh, younger brother, now take care of what I am doing to you,
good younger brother, now your dress has been put on, and you
|
qa^s la pELodalaxa p !a^ye l6^ qa lawayes ^yax'ytg"Ilas laxa L'.Ema-
5 «ise. Wa, g-il^mese lawa ^yax-ylg'Uasa p'.iVj'e laeda tslEililq i,!e-
plExsEmdxa moqtila qa ^wPles laltslawe g-ets'.Ewaq qa^s doqwex
k!waxLo4axa Lo^ q'.waxa Lo^ tIesEmlaxa g'itslaxa mSqiila, qaxs
he^mae LaLogwalaso^sa bakwa^enoxwaxa p!a.^yexEn la LeLEqa-
lasE^wa. Wa, gll^mese gwala tslEdaqe lae Le^lalaxes la^wunEme
10 qa las nExiisdesElaxa pla^ye. Wa, leda tslEdaqe tsex'^id laxa
dEmsx'e «wapa qa^s la giiqas laxa Elx'^^Elgwise laxa L'.Ema^ise qa
^wPles labEtalisa Elkwa laxa t!at!edzEmasa LlEma^ise qaxs
^uek-aeda g-ale bak'.fimqexs g'll^melaxa ^watsle la kllqaxa Elkwasa
p!a«ye lalaxe gwal q!Ek-as6^sa p!a^ya bakwa^lenoxwaxa p!§,^ye. Wa,
15 gll^mese gwala tslsdaq lae lax la axatsa p'.a^ye. . . .
Ts '.Elwagayoxa altsEme ^yEk'o yisa loq Iwenoxwaxa p!S,^ye.
Ylxs g-alae gwal ^wFla fix^aLElStsa x-axx'aye laxa yEk-6 LE^wa
heg'iwa^ye, wa he^mesa telEm LE^wa xEk'.umasa ex^me la q'.Ene-
plEnexa oxLa^yasa x'axx-a^ye LE^wa oxLa^yasa yEk'Sxa LegadEs
20 teldEma; wa, g-tl^mese «wHa gwala laeda l5q Iwenoxwaxa pla^ye
dzoxwalaxes altsEme ^yEk-5. Wa, la^me tslElwaqaq. Wa, la
^nek'a:
"Wa, ts'.a^ya laEms yaL lox^widLEx laxEn senataoi,, tslatsla-
«yak"as, la^mox gwal'aLElos gwelgwalaqos. La^mesEn laLos lax
BOAS] ADDENDA 1325
will go to the village of Smelling-Woman, Born-to-be-Giver-of-the- 25
II
House, Old-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth. Now you will purify
|
yourselves, good younger brothers. Do not let go of your hold of
Smelling-Woman, Born-to-be-Giver-in-the-House, Old-Woman,
|
Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, when they take hold of you, good younger
brothers. T shall blacken you, good younger brothers, with these
|
spruce branches, that you may smell good, that you may soon be
|
smelled by Smelling-Woman, when I first put you into the water, ||
good younger brothers." Thus he says and takes spruce branches 30
which he puts into the fire of his house, and when they are burning,
|
he beats with them the halibut hook which he calls his younger
|
brothers, and while he is beating them with the spruce branches,
|
he says:
|
"Now, good younger brothers, I am putting on you this sweet
smell, good 3'ounger brothers, that you may at once be smelled by 3?II
SmeUing-Woman, Old-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, Born-to-be-
|
Giver-in-House, when you first fall on the roof of their house, and
|
then take hold of SmeUing-Woman, Old-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-
Mouth, Born-to-be-Giver-in-House, when they come near you,
|
good younger brothers and do not let go of your hold when you take
]
hold of them." Thus he says. ||
When his hahbut hooks which he calls his younger brothers are all 40
black, he hangs them up in the corner of his house. He goes into
I
the woods and looks for a small spruce tree. When he finds it,
I |
g'oktllasas mesaga, ts !41alih^lakwa, lEklwana lEnbeLJExa. Wa, 25
la^mets q'.eqElaLOL, tslats'.a^yak'as, gwak'asno dawaqe lax mesaga,
ts!alalih^lakwa, lEklwana lEnbeLlExa q5 dag'aaLElaLOL, ts!ats!a^ya-
k'as. Wa, la^mesEn tsloHdLOL ts!ats!a^yak'as ytsg'ada &lewasEk' qa^s
ex'p'.aleLos qa^s gEyoleLos medzElLEs mesaga qEnL5 g'll axstEnd-
LOL tslats'.a^yak'as," ^nek"EXs lae dax"^idxa Slewase qa^s SxLEndes lax 30
lEgwilases g'okwe. Wa, g"ll^mese x'ix^edExs lae xwasas laxes
'yPyEk'Sxes gwE^yo ts!ats!a^ya. Wa, g'il^mese xwas^its laq lae
^nek'a:
"Wa, ts!ats!a^yak'as, la^mEn ax^aLElotsg'ada ex'plalak" 14l,
ts'.atsla^yak'as, qa^s hex"^ida^meL6s mes^aLElLEs mesaga, lEklwana, 35
lEnbeLlExa, ts lalahli^lakwa, qaso gill tex^aLas lax salas g'okwase.
Wa, helmets dadalasLosax mesaga, tek !wana lEnbeL lExa, ts !alalili^la-
kwa, qo g'ax ex'abalaLOL, ts!ats!a^yak'as. Wa, las k"!es dawaqexs
laaqos dax'^idEq," ^nek'e.
Wa, g'll^mese la ala ts lots lEltsEme ^yFyEk'S.s ylx gwE^>&s ts!ats!a- 40
^ya, lae tex^waJltas laxa onegwilases g'okwe. Wa, la ate^sta laxa
aL !e qa^s la alax wIswul^Ena alewadzEma. Wa, g'll^mese q'.aqexs
lae fix^edxes k'lawayo qa^s k" !imt '.ExxEndeqxa ala jiEqEla. Wa
1326 ETHNOLOGY OK THE KWAKIUTL [eth.asn.S5
43 he takes his knife and cuts off at the bottom those that are really
straight, and when he has cut off four, the halibut-fisher speaks
| ||
45 and says, prajang to those which he will use for making the crosspiece
for the hooks:
|
"Go on, take care, friends, for you j^'ourselves have called me
|
that I may come to get you to take care of my younger brothers;
|
and also try hard to spread your sweet smell that you may be desired
|
by SmeUing-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, Old-Woman, Born-to-
50 be-Giver-in-House, and call || them to come and take hold of my
younger bi-otliers of whom you will take care and that you msiy not
|
break apart when my younger brothers are taken hold of, those of|
whom you wiU take care, friends, for you, 3-ourselves, say that you
are unbreakable." Thus he sa3's to them.
| |
55 Then he looks for good spruce roots, and he digs || around the
bottom of large trees, and when he finds a thin, long, straight root|
of a spruce tree, he pulls it out. Sometimes the good root will be
|
two fathoms long, Then he cuts it off and when he has it, bespeaks
j
|
and says, praying to the root: ||
60 "Oh, friend, come, for you, yourself, have called me to come and
|
get you, friend, now keep together with j'our uncommon super-|
natural power, I mean that you will hold together our friends, the
|
crosspieces. Do not break apart when my younger brothers are
g'iUmese m5ts!aqe kMtmta^yas lae yaqlEg'a^eda l5q !wenoxwaxa
45 p'.a^ye. Wa, la ^nek'axs lae tslElweqaxa L'.ak'losalase alewadzEma:
"Wag'il la yaLlox'widLEX, ^ne^uEmok", qaxs lEmaaqos Le^lala g'a-
xEn qEn g'axe ax^edEX'da^xoL qa^s aaxsilcLosaxEn ts!ats!a^ya. Wa,
he^mis qa^s walEmk"a^meLos k'Exwasos ex"p!alaqos qa^s medzE-
laosas mesaga, lEnbeLlExa lEklwana^ya, ts'.alalih^akwa qa^s Le^la-
50 laosaq qa g'axes dag'aaLElaxes aaxsi^lak"LaosEn tslats'.a^ya. Wa,
he^mis qa^s k"!esaos k'ox^wida qo dag"aaLElaso^LEn ts!ats!a^yaxes
aaxsi4ak"Laos, ^ne^nEmok", qaxs qlwillekMala^maaqos ^nek'Exs
tslExaex, 'ne^QEmok"," ^nek'Eq.
Wa, la alex'^IdEX ek'a Lop'.Ek'sa alewase. Wa, la^me 'lapax
55 eoxLa^yasa LEsLEkwe Lax'Lasa. Wa, g'il^mese qlaxa wiswul^Eue
g*llsg"Ilt!a naEnqala L!6p!Ek'sa alewase, lae nEx^waqolsElaq. Wa,
la ^nal^nEmp '.Ena malplEuk' laxEns baLaqe awasgEmasasa ek'e
LloplEk'a, lae t'.ots'.EudEq. Wa, g'il^mese laLEq lae yaqlEg'a-'la.
Wa, la ^nek'EXs lae ts'.Elwaqaxa LloplEk'e:
60 "Wa, qast, gelak'as^la qaxs laaqos Le^ala g'jlxEn qEn so^me ax^e-
tsos, qast. Wa, la^mets q!ap!ex'saEmL le^wQs k"!esex aoms ^nawS,-
lakwaxEn ^ne^nak'ile laEms dadEgalaLExg'ins ^ne^uEmokuk' lax-
g'ada L!ak"!osEk". Gwak"asn5 k' laqox^w idLo qo dag'aaLEla me-
BOAS] ADDENDA 1327
taken hold of by Smelling-Woman, Flabby-Skin-in-Mouth, Old-
|
Woman, Born-to-be-Giver-in-House." Thus he saj^s to || the roots. 65|
After he has prayed to the two young spruce trees and the spruce
|
roots, he carries them home.
|
Prayer of a Man who has been Bewitched (to p. 618)
When a man thinks that he has been bewitched by another man 1
his enemy, then the man who is getting sick goes into the woods
|
|
where different kinds of trees grow, and when he comes to the mid-
|
dle of a patch of different trees, he sits down on the ground and ||
speaks; and the man says: "Oh, friends, turn your faces to me, 5
|
look through me, Supernatural-Ones, because I have been bewitched,
j
that I may die. I have come, Supernatural-Ones, to beg you to
|
take pity on me and to try to save my hfe, that I may live. Listen to
me. I beg your help, Supernatural-Ones, O Life-Bringers, || Super- 10
I
natural-Ones, and this is what I ask of you, Supernatural-Ones, that
you may take away the power of witchcraft against me, Super-
I
natural-Ones, you to whom nothing is impossible, Supernatural-
|
Ones. I mean that you will let me dream a good di'eam this
|
night."' Thus savs the man. |!
I
sag"a, lEnbeL!Ex&, lEklwana^ya, ts'.MaliMakwaxEn ts!ats!a^ya,"
^nek'exa iJop'.Ek'e. 65
Wa, g'll^mese gwal tslElwaqaxa ma^ledalaxa alewadzEme LE^wa
L'.oplEk'asa S,lewase L&^sa lae dalaq qa^s na^nak" laxes g'okwa.
Prayer of a Man who has been Bewitched
Wa, he'mexs k'oteda bEgwanEm laEm eqasoses hayote ogMa 1
bEgwanEma, wa leda la ts!EX'q!a^nakula bEgwanEm laxa aL!e
laxes qlale qla^yatsa ^wPwElmase Lax"L5sa. Wa, g"il^mese lag'aa
lax nEqlEge^lasasa ^wPwElmase Laxxosa lae k!wag"aElsa. Wa, lit
yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg'tlla ^ne^iiEmok" ^uEmegEmx'^I- 5
dEl qa^s doqumx'sEndEX'da^xwaos g'axEn; yuL ^na^nawalak" qax-
gin la^me eqaso qEn lE^le. Wa, g'ax^mesEn aesayoL ^na^nawalak"
qa ^wax^edaos q!waq!ula g'axEn qEn qlflle. Wa, hoLela g'axEn,
yoLaxs aesayowedaex ^na^nS-walak", ylx^da^xoL q!weq!Qlag-ilas
^na^nS,walakwa. Wa, g'a^mesEn hawaxElaso Ml ^na^nawalak" qa^s 10
wag"iLos baxtis edamasxa ega^ya g'axEn ^na^nawalak" yoLaxs
k"!eS,saex ^wEyoLanEma ^na^nawaiak"dzek"as, ^ne^nak'ile qa^s
wag'Ex'da^x" lag-iLaos memxeg'ilal qEn exxE mexelxwa ganoLex,"
^nek'eda bEgwanEme.
' This prayer was used by NEqaplEuk-Em.
1328 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITJTL [f.tii. ann. 35
15 As soon as his prayer is at an end, he comes out of the woods,
|
goes into his house and lies down on his bed. He does not eat, because|
he does not wish to dreara another kind of dream, but he wishes to|
dream of what was told him by the supernatural spirits of the trees.|
20 Now the sick man does not think of anything but the || supernatural
spirits of the trees. Many men say that the dream comes from the|
spirits of the trees who give instruction to the bewitched man how|
to cure himseK and generally, the man gets well after that. That|
is the end.
|
25 The Kwakiutl say this. Now you can see || that the Indians
really believe in witchcraft, and therefore the men reaUy get sick
|
and they also believe that a good dream comes when they find a|
good sajnng of the supernatural spirits of the woods, and the faith |
of the man makes him get well.
]
Prater to the Lark (to p. 618)
30 When the lark is first seen by a man || or a woman, and if he is a
wise man or she is a wise woman, wlien they see the bird lark\
sitting on a bush, the man at once prays to him, and says, praying| |
to the lark: "Welcome, friend, we come to meet again. Now come|
35 and protect me, Supernatural-One, that nothing evil may happen to||
15 Wa, g-il^mese q'.ulbe tslElwagEmas g-axae g-axwult'.a. Wii, la
laeL laxes g"6kwe qa^s qELs^walile laxes qElgwi^lase. Wa,
la^me k'les hamx'^ida, qaxs gwaqlElae g'ax mexalas ogu^la mexe
laxes walagEla qa^s mexa^ya g'axxa waldEm ^na^nawalakwasa Lax"-
Lase. Wa, la^meda ts'.EX'q'.a bEgwanEm kMeas ogu4a g-Ig"aege laxa
20 ^na^nawalakwasa Laxxase. Wa, la q'.enEmt'.eda bEgwanEm ^ne-
k'Exs g'ax^mae mexElasa ^jiSwalakwasa Ease g'ax Lexs^alaxa egEkwe
bEgwanEm qa es^aqaenes. Wa, la qltinala heldEk-gda bEgwanEme
laxeq. Wa, laEm laba.
Wa, laEm Kwag-uldzEs waldEma. Wa, laEms doqulaqexs lo-
25 ^mae oqliiseda bak!umaxa eqa. Wa, he^mis lag-ilas alaEm ts'.EX'-
qlEX'^ideda bEgwanEm. Wa, laxae oqliisxes g-axe ek- mexa^ya qa
ek' waidEmsa ^na^nilwalakwasa Lax"L&sasa aL'.e. Wa, la oq'.udza-
lats'.asa bEgwanEm heEm ex-^idamasEq.
Prayer to the Lark
Wa, hemaaxs g-alae dox^waLEleda wax^waxole yisa bEgwanEm
30 Lo^ma wax'^me tslEdaqa ylxs nagadae bEgwanEme l5xs nagadae
ts'.Edaqaena^yasa tslEdaqe, wa, g-ii«mese dox-'waLElaqexs klwaxLa-
wayaeda wax^waxolexa tslek'.wa lae hex-«ida«ma bEgwanEm tslsl-
waqaq. Wa, la ^nek'Exs lae ts'.Elwaqaxa wax^waxole: "Gelak-as^la,
qast, g'ax'EmxaEns qialaga. Wa, gelag'a qa^s wag'iLos dadamE-
BOAS] ADDENDA 1329
me, that I may not be sick, and that I n\ay not be overcome by those 36
|
of ray fcllowmeii who plan to kiU me, and have mercy on me and give
|
that I may obtain everything easily, whatever I work at, and that
|
property may come of its own accord into ray house, Supernatural-|
One. (Bring it about by your ways) friend, and also take
|| care 40
of the berries, raake them bear much this year, Supernatural-One,
|
friend." Thus says the man.
|
This is also a prayer of the ancestors of the Kwakiutl. That is
|
the end.
|
Disposal of Property of a Deceased Person (to p. 710)
When the salmon-fisher gets sick after he has finished unloading
| 1
the bundles of dried salmon, he just stays one night in his
| house
before he dies. Then they do as was done by the Tndians of former
|
times. They immediately bury the man |1 who has died: and when 5
those who have buried hira corae home, \ the Avife of the deceased
one at once tells all of the men who belong to his numaym to carry
|
out the bundles of dried salmon, to load them on the canoe of
| her
deceased husband, and to put them on the beach outside of the
|
grave of. her deceased husband, to ])e || burned up as travelling-pro- 10
visions of her deceased husband ; and also the oil and all the fish-
|
hooks and the clothing and his canoe.
]
wel g'axEn ^n&walak" qsn k' lease ^yag'asL laxa ts!EX"q!olEm lo^ 35
qEnk'Iese laLanEmsa klwex^alasEn bExute qEn lE^e. Wa, he^mis
qa^s waxaos g"axosas5s holEma^ats liiq !os g'axEn qEn holamalexa
^naxwaLaEn qEii eaxeneL. Wii, hemis qa wuleLElisa ^naxwa
dadEk'as laxEn g'okwe, ^nawalak" laxes gwex'sdEmos, qast. Wa,
yo^mesos aaxsilasE^wa L!oL!Ep!emasex qa weg'iLos helamasLEqo, 40
^nawalak", yoL, qast," ^nek'eda bEgwanEm.
Wa, has^Emxaa ts '.Elwaga^yosa g'alasg'ada KwagnilEk: Wa, laEm
laba.
Disposal of Property of a Deceased Person
Wa, laEra hex'^idaEin tslEx'qlEX'^Ideda yaliiEk Iwenoxwaxa k'!6- 1
tEla, yixs g'alae gwal niEweLElaxes meraats!abEkwe xa^masa. Wii,
a^mise xamael laxes g"okwaxs lae wik'Ex^eda. Wa, la lax gweg'i-
lasasa g'Jlle bak!uma, yixs lae hex'^idaEm wiinemtaxa bEgwaiiE-
maxs g'alae wek' !Ex^eda. Wii, g"il^raese g"iix ^wi4a nii^iiakwa wii- 5
UEmtiiq lae hex'^da^me gEnEHix'das axk'lalaxa ^naxwa bebEgwa-
nEmxa g'ayole lax ^iiE^memotdas qa liis mowElsaxa meraats!abEkwe
xa^raas qa liis moxsas liix xwaklunax'diises liL^wiinErax'de qa liis
^mdgwalisas lax Llasa^yas dEk'iilaasases la^wunEmx'de, qa^s ^wi4e
lEqwelaq qa g'Ewiilk^ses la^wiinEmx'de. Wii, he^mesa L'.e^na, lo^ 10
^wi^le wiwak"ayox"diis lo^ gwelgwMax'diis l6^ xwak'.iinax'das.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2-^35
1330 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etii. ann. 35
12 When Lliilbe had died,—for that was the name of the salmon-
fisher, and his \vife's name was iJalameg'i^lak", and the name of|
!
15 his son was iJai. IslanEm, and the name of his || daughter was
K" ledele^hik"—then not one dried salmon was taken by t, lalameg'i.\
^lak" for her food for her two children, for the Indians of formerI
times said that for a long time there is no soul of the salmon-fisher,
|
and, therefore, they call belonging to the dead the salmon I caught
20 by Llaibe. It brings bad luck to those who eat anything || caught
by one who died before he became sick; and the Indians of olden|
times said that only the own work of a man who dies is put on the|
fire; and the canoe that is made by the canoe builder before he|
dies is broken and put on the fire; but if the canoe of a dead man
|
25 has been bouglit, || after his death it is taken by his child; and it is|
the same with dried salmon when the dried salmon has been bought
by a woman from another man. They do not burn it, if it had not
!
been put into the house of her husband who died; but if tlie dried
| |
30 salmon was in the house when he died (it is burnt, for) !| they burn
everything that was in the house. \
As soon as a man, or woman, or a little child, die, even when there[
are many people in the \'illage, they all pour out the water in their
\
buckets, and they draw fresh water from the spring or from the|
river. ||
12 Wa, la^me lE^le Llalbex'de qaxs he^mae LegEmsa yainEklweno-
xwaxa k"!otEla. Wa, la Legade gEnEmx"dases Lalameg'i^ak". Wa,
la Legade bEgwanEm xun6x"ses LlaiJElanEm. Wa, la Legade ts'.E-
15 daqe xunox"ses K- !edele4ak". Wa, la k-'.etis «nEm xa^mas ax^etsos
L'.alameg'i-lak" qa ha^mas LE^wis ma^okwe sasEma, qaxs ^nek'aeda
g'ale baklumqexs gEyolae k" lease bEx^una^yasa yaluEklwenoxwaxa
k'lotEla. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas LegadEs ^yag'Enota xa^mase yahiE-
gwanEms L!atbex"de. Wa, la^ae aEmseda ha^mapaxa 'naxwa axa-
20 nEmsa la lE4a, yixs k' les^mae ts'.EX'q lEx'^ida. Wa, la -nek-eda g'ale
bak'.umqexs lex'a^mae laatsa eaxanEmasa bEgwanEme lae 1e-1xs
lEqwelasE^wae LE^wa xwak'.una Leqesa Leqlenoxwe, yixs gll^mae
wik" '.Ex^ededa Leq'.enoxwaxa xwak!una lae hex'^ida tsotsox's^En-
tsE^weda alolaq xwakluna qa^s lEqwelayuwe. Wax'i k'iPwanE-
25 meda la Ie^I bEgwanEmxa xwakliina la he^anEms xunox"das. Wa,
la heEmxat! gwex'sa xa^mase yixs g'il^mae k'iPwanEma tslEdaqaxa
xa^mase laxa ogMa bEgwanEma lit k'les lEqwelaqexs k'lesae g'ax
g"ael laxa g'okwe lax wik* lEx^edaases la^wunEmx'de; wax'i g'aela
xa-'mase laxa g'okwaxs lae wik" lEx^edade bEgwanEmx'de la 1e-
30 qwela ^wi-laxa gix'g"aele laxa g'ox"das.
Wa, g'il^mese ^wik' lEx^ideda bEgwanEm loxs ts!Edaqae loxs
wax'^mae wEyogomala g'iujlnEma lae ^naxwa^ma wax'^Em q!e-
jiEin g'okula ^wPla giiqodJilaxa ^wabEtsIawases nenagatsle qa's la
tsax alta ^wapa laxes q'.olostala loxs hae tsEyeda wa.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1331
Those who beloag to the uumaym of the deceased one go to the 35
house of the chief of the numaym of the dead man, and they break
|
one side of the house and carry out the dry sahnon that was given
|
to the chief and burn it on the sea side of the grave of the one wlio
I
died. Then they finish, and give to the widow of the man, and 40|| dead
!
to his children, food and clothing.
|
|
Many a time, when I was a young man, I have seen what I am
talking about, but now the ways of the Indians are different.
| \
They do not do now what was done by the men of olden times. ||
That is the end. 45
\
The Spirits of the Fire (to p. 749)
Now about The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. He is a man according 1
to the saying of the Indians, when they talk about him in their
|
feasts, for when they put dowm in front of the feasters the dishes,|
then the man who puts down the dishes takes some of the dried|
salmon, breaks it into four pieces, dips it into 11 oil, and throws it on 5
the fire of the feasting house. He says, praying to The-One-Sitting-|
on-the-Fire:
I
"Now, The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire, eat first of the breakfast of
our friends. Please protect us so that no harm may come to us
| |
Wa, a^mesa ^naxwa g'ayol lax ^nEmemotas la lax g'okwasa g'Tg^- 35
ma^yas ^nE^memotasa la Ie^I bEgwauEm qa^s k" Isxsodexa apsana-
^yas g'okwas qa^s mowelsElexa L'.awEndEme xa^masa laxa g'lga-
ma^ye qa^s la lEqwelaq lax L!asa^yas dEk'la^yasasa la lE^la. Wa-
laEm gwala, qaxs a^mae la LlawsntasE^we gEnEmx'dasa la Ie^c bE-
gwaiiEmx'de LE-'wis sasEmx-dases ^nE^memote qa hannas lo^ qa 40
gwelgwalas.
Wa, la^mEn doqiila q lunalaxg'in gwagwex's^alasEk" yixg'in he-
^maolek- ale alosta bEgwanEme. Wa, lox ogilx^id loxda alex
bakluma yixs k'lesae la he gweg'ile lax gweg'ilasasa g'ale bEgwa-
nEma. Wii, lasm laba. 45
The Spirits of the Fire
Wa, he^maeda klwaxxala yixs bEgwamEmae lax waldEmasa ba- 1
k'.umaxs gwagwex's^alae laqexs k'.welae qaxs g'il^mae k^agEm^lia-
sE^va k'.vvelasa l6Elq!wa laeda k-Elg'ise bEgwanEm dax'^idxa g-a-
yole laxa xa^mase qa^s k' !ok'ops^alexa mowe. Wa, la ts'.Ep'.IdEs
laxa iJ.e^na qa^s axLEndes laxa lEgwilasa k'.we^a-'yats'.e g'okwa. 5
Wii, la ^nek'axs lae tslElwaqax klwaxxala:
"Wa, kIwax'Lala, laEms g'ilqlEs laxg'a gaaxsteg'asg'Ens ^ne^nE-
mokiik-. Wiig'illa dadamEwel g-axEuu-'x" qa kMcases ^yiig-asLEsox;
wa, he^mis qa^s g'iwalaos g'axEnu^x" qanu^x" holEiualexEuux"
1332 ETHNOLOGY or THE KWAKIUTL liixu. ann. 35
10 and help lis to get easily all we are workingII for, you, The-One-
Sitting-on-the-Fire." Tiuia he said, and the man himself answers,
|
and he says, "Yes, I will do so." The man replies to what he said,
[
for The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. Then after the man has finished
|
throwing on the fire the fonr pieces of dried salmon, he tells the
|
feasters to go ahead to eat the dried salmon. One man, I think, l|
15 was annoyed at that person hecause they gave first to cat to The-
|
One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. Therefore, the man was asked hy the
|
guest what The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire was, a man or a I bird.
|
Then the man who had fed The-One-Sitting-on-thc-Fire answered
20 and said that The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire was in their minds thell
;
man of the fire of our house, and that the heat is a woman, the wife
|
of The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire. The woman, the heat, is named
|
L letsaphlanaga (Heat-Under-the-Fire-Woman) , for all the fires in
the house and the fires on the ground have heat, for the firewood
|
25 can not burn if there is || not The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire and his
wife, L letsaplilfmaga, near it, for they are the life of the fire of the
|
house, namely, The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire and his wife, r. letsa-
|
phlanaga He is a real man, and his wife, l letsaphlanaga, is a
|
real woman. Thus said the man to the I guests. Some Indians say
30 that The-One-Sitting-on-the-Firc and i. letsaphlanaga are helpingII
spirits and others say that The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire is the soul
|
10 ^naxwa eaxena^ya, qastii k'.wax'Lala," ^nek'Exs lae q!Qlex"s^Em na-
nax^ma^ya. Wii la ^nek'eda bsgwanEme. "Wa, lieLEn gwalaLc."
Wa la^meda bEgwanEm na^nax'me qa k'.wax'Lala laxes waldEm.
Wa, g"iPmese gwaleda bEgwanEm axLalaxa mox^widal xa^masa lae
waxaxa k'.wele qa wag"is xEraxas^idxa xa^mase. Wa, laEmxana-
15 wise wa^neqeda waokwe bsgwanEmsa bEgwanEmaxs lae he g"il
hamg'ilasE^we klwaxxala. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas wuLasE'weda bE-
gwanEmasa klwele lax gwex'sdEmasa klwaxxala lo' bEgwanEm lo^
ts'.ek'.wa.
Wa, la na^naxma^yeda bEgwanEmxa hamg'ilax k'.wax'Lala. Wa;
20 lii ^nek'a yixs "^miisae kIwax'Lala laxes ne^naqa^yaqSs esacLa bE-
gwauEma lEgwIlasEns g'ig'okwe. Wa, laLa tslEdaqa L'.es^ala. Wii,
heEm gEnEms k'.wax'Lalaxa tslEdaqe L'.es^alaxa Legadeda tslsdaqas
L!ets!aplilanaga, ylxs ^na.xwa^maeda lEgwilasa g'ig'ok" LE^wa lEqliis
laxa awinakluse, yixs k"!easae gwex'^idaas x'i.x''ideda lEqwaxs
25 k'lesae la k'.wax'Lala LE^wis gEnEme l letsaphlanaga la nExwaia,
qaxs he^mae qlu^layosa lEgwilasa g'okwe yix klwax'Lala LE^wis
gEnEme Lletsaplllanagaxa alak'!ala bEgwauEma. Wii, laxae ala-
k'lala ts'.Edaqe gEnsmase l letsaphlanaga, ^nek'eda bEgwanEmaxa
k'.wele. Wa, laLa ^nek'eda waokwe bak!umqexs hayalllagasaeda
30 klwax'Lala l6^ l letsaphlanaga. Wa, la 'nek'eda waokweqexs he-
^mae bEx^unesa le^le bEgwanEme klwax'Lala. Wa, la^lae bEx^unesa
BOAS] ADDENDA 1333
of a dead person and that i. letsaplifanaga is the soul oi" a dead :i2
|
woman. Many Indians say that Tlie-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire is a
|
man and t, letsaphlanaga is a woman, and the shamans say that|
The-One-Sitting-on-the-Fire is a soul II and that Lletsaplilanaga, the 35
heat of the (ire, is also a soul.
|
No numayra of the tribes owns them. ! That is all. I
Tribute to the Chief (to p. 776)
This was also asked by you about the early Indians. Indeed, 1|
they work for the head chiefs of the nnmaym. I When the hunter
goes out hunting, and he gets many seals, the hunter takes one of|
the seals and gives the seals as a present to the head chief of|| his 5|
numaym; for he can not give one-half of them (to the chief),—even
it the hunter has obtained many seals, —and give a feast with the
|
other half left from what he had given to the chief. Therefore, the|
hunter takes one seal for food for his children and his wife. The
| ll
10
hunter, who does so, is treated well ])y the chief. If a stingy hunter
!
gives half of his seals to the chief because he prefers the price offered|
by another chief of another numaym, then the chief of the hunter's
| |
numaym tries to kill the hunter, and often !! the chief strikes the 1.5
hunter so that he dies, if the chief is a bad man; and, therefore,
|
lE^le ts'.Edaqe Lletsaplllanaga. Wa, het'.a q'.enEmabaklumxa ^nek'a- 32
qexs bEgwanEmae kIwax'Lala, wa, la4ae tslEdaqe Lletsaplllanaga.
Wa, laLa ^nek'eda paxalaqexs bEx^una^yae k'.wax'Lalasa lEgwIle.
Wa, Ifdaxae bExHlna^ye Lletsaplllanaga yisa L!es^alasa lEgwile. 35
Wa, laEm k'leas axnogwadEs laxa ^iiE^memotasa lelqwalaLa^ye.
Wa, laEm laba.
Tribute to the Chief
HeEmxaas wuLasE^waos gweg'ilasasa g'ale bEgwanEmxs ala^mae 1
eaxEla qaes xamagEma^ye g'Igame laxes ^nal^nEmemasae. Wii,
he^maaxs hanaLlaeda haiiLlenoxwe. Wa, g'il^mese q!EyoLxa me-
gwate, wa, ^^misa hanL'.enoxwe ax^edxa ^iiEmsgEme megwata. Wa,
la ^wi4a L!F/wEntasa megwate laxes xamagEma^ye g'Igame laxes 5
^jiE'memote, qaxs kMeasae gwex'^idaa iiExs^Eiidxa wax"^me. qleiiEm
megwatsa hanL'.enoxwe qa^s kiwelasesa apsEX'sasa la laxa glgSma-
^yas. Wit, he^niis lag'ilas ^nal^iiEmp '.Ena ttx^ededa h5nL!enoxwaxa
^HEmsgEme megwat qa hamases sasEme LE^wis gEnEme. Wii, heEm
aek'ilaso^sa g'lgama^ya hanLlenoxwe he gweg'ile. Wa, g'il^mese 10
^yilx'tslEqeda hilnLlenoxwases megwate qa nExs^esa la hlxa g'lga-
ma^ye yixs Islweqalaas kilomasa 6gu4a g'igiiniesa oguxsEinakwe
^nE^memota lae sEnx'^ideda g"igama^yas ^iiE^memotasa haiiLlenoxwe
qa g'a^yalatsa hanLlenoxwe. Wii, la he q!iiniilatsex kMelax'^ida-
^maeda gugama^yaxes hanL!enox"de qa te^les, yixs ^yiix'sE^mae 15
1334 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. and. 35
17 the chiefs of the various niimayms own hunters. The seals are
j
I
all given to the ehiefs by the hunters, for the moat of the seal is not
|
dried. !!
20 Mountain goat hunters, when they get ten goats hv liunting, give
|
five goats to the chid' of the numaym, and the goat hunter keeps
|
|
the other five goats and dries the meat. Sometimes ! the chief cuts
25 up the goat meat for his numaym, when !| he wishes to do so. If he
wishes to dry it, he does that way. When the chief is a good man,
|
he does not ! take the goat away from the hunter by force, and the
good chief never thinks that one-half given to him by the hunter is
|
not enough. If a chief is bad, he wishes more than half to be
|
30 given || to him b}^ the goat hunter, and if the goat hunter does not
wish to give more than half of the goats, then the bad chief will take
|
them away by force. Then the bad chief may kill the goat hunter,
| |
but generally the goat hunter kills the bad chief, if he overdoes what
]
35 he says to the || hunter.
[
Now I have finished talking about the goats and I will talk about
|
dry salmon obtained by the salmon-fisher. If one hundred are
|
caught by the salmon-fisher, he gives twenty salmon to the
|
16 bEgwanEma g"igS,ma^ye. Wa, heEm lag'ilas ^naxwa^ma g'lg'Egama-
^yasa alogwaq'.Es ^nal^nE^memas axnogwadEsa hanL!enoxwe. Wii,
lex'a^me megwate ^wFla la LJE^wEndEmxa g'lgama^yasa hauLle-
noxwe, qaxs k" !esae x'ilasE^we Eldzasa megwate.
20 Wa, heEmLeda tE^wPnenoxwaxa ^mElxxo, yixs g'lHmae lastowa
^mElxLowe tE^wFnenanEmsa tE^wPnenox" lae ts!asa sEk"!a ^me'mEl-
xLo lax g'lgama^yases ^nE^memote. Wa, leda tE^wFnenoxwe axelaxa
sEkMa ^me^mElxLo qa^s x'ileq qa xilx"Eldes. Wa, la ^nal'nEmp lEna
sakweleda g'igama^yaxa ^mEpmElq !a^ye qaes ^nE^memote, yixs ^ne-
25 k"ae qa^s he gwex'^ide. Wii, lii g"ii^Em ^nex" qa^s x'ileq la heEm
gwex'^Idfiq. Wa, laLeda g'igslma^ye yixs ek'ae bEgwanEma k"!es
lenEmaxa ^mElxL5 laxa tE^wFnenoxwe. Wa, laxae k'les k'!oteda
ek"e g"igamexa nExsaakwe LlE^wEndEmsa tE^wFnenoxwaq. Wii, g'il-
^mese LEmqeda g"igiima^ye lae ^nex" qa qiek'oltsla^yes LlE^wEndE-
30 masa tE^wPnenoxwaq ^mslxLO. Wii, g'ilmese yiix"stosa tE^wPne-
noxwasa q!ek'!oIts!a^ye ^mElxLoxs lae lenEmaxa ^me^niElxLoweda
^yax'sE^me g"igama^ya. Wa, he^me la k' !elax"^Idaatsa ^yax'sE^me
g"Igamexa tE^wPnenox"de. Wii, lii q!uniila hededa tE'wT^nenoxwe
k" lelax'^Idxa ^yiix'sE^me g"Igamexs sabEndaes wiiklEmaxes tF/wi^ne-
35 noxwe.
Wii, laEniLe gwiilaxg"in gwagwex"s-aleq hlxa ^inElxLo. Wii, li-
^mesEn gwiigwex'sEX'-Idsl liixa xamsLliixa xa^masexi yiihiKk'.we-
noxwaxa k'lotEla. Wa, g'il^mese lak'lEnde yalnEgwanT^>mfisa yiihiK-
k'.wenoxwe hie tslasa maltsEmg"usta k"!otEla liixes g'lgSma^ye la.xes
BOAS] ADDENDA 1335
chief of his || iiumaym, and sometimes more than twenty, if 40|
the chief and the sahnon-fisher are both good-minded, but when
|
the chief and the salmon-fisher are bad, then the salmon given to[
the chief is less, for there are only ten salmon given by the || fisher- 45
|
man to the chief. Sometimes, the salmon-fisher has more than one
\
thousand dry salmon caught in the river. Then generally the|
chief and the fisherman quarrel and often fight imtil one of them
]
I
is kiHed, when the chief thinks that he has not been given enough,
||
and this is done when both the chief and tlie fisherman are bad 50
people. This is the end.
I \
Now I will tallv about those who dig cinqiiefoil. I When the woman
and her husband go to dig cinquefoil roots in their garden-beds,
|
when they arrive there, || the woman who digs the cinquefoil roots 55
takes her digging sticlc and her two baskets and goes to her garden-
j
bed and she sits down at the edge of the garden-bed and begins to
dig. She throws tJie short roots into the larger basket and she
|
I
throws the longer roots into the smaller basket. That is the ^vay in
|
which the women who dig cinquefoil roots do when they dig up their
garden beds. Ii When the whole garden bed has been dug over, she
| 60
throws the short roots into a small cedar-bark basket; and when the
|
short roots have been put into one cedar-l)arlc basket, she takes the
^nE^memote. Wit, lii ^nal^nEmp !Ena hayaqax maltsEmg"ustawa 40
k"!otEla yixs ^uEmalae es^ek"Eleda g'lgama^ye LE^wa yalnEklwe-
noxwaxa k"!otEla. Wii, giPmese ^nEmala ^yaex'sEma g'igama^ye
LE^wa yabiEklwenoxwaxa k'lotEla lae hemEnalaEm holala k'lotEla
L'.E^WEndEmsexa g"igama^ye ylxs lasto^maeda k" lotEla LlE^wEndsmsa
yiihiEk Iwenoxwe k"!otEla laxes g'lgama^ye; yixs ^laai-nEmplEnae 45
hayaqax loxsEmx'^Ide xa^masasa yalnEk'.wenoxwaxa k'!5tEla laxes
wamedzase wa. Wa, he-mis q!unala xomal'idaatsa g'lgama^ye
LE'wa yaluEklwenoxwaxa k'!6tEla yixs q'.Cinalae dadEgo, wa, la
lE^Inokwa laxeq yixs k"!6taeda g'lgama^yax LlE^WEndEmaq. Wa,
heEra he gweg'ilaxs ^nEmalae ^yaex'sEm bebEgwanEma g'lgama^ye 50
LE^va yalnEk!wenoxwaxa kMotEla. Wii, laEm laba.
Wii, lannesEn edzaqwa gwagwex's^alallaxa tsIotslenoxwaxat'Ex"-
sose yixs g"iPmae la tslEwesa ts!6ts!enoxwe ts!Edaq LE^wis la-'wu-
nEme laxes t'.Ek'e^akwe. Wii, g'll^mese liig'aa laqexs laeda ts!ots!e-
noxwe ts!Ediiq ax^edxes ts!6-'ya^yo LE^wis maitsEme laElxa^ya qa^s 55
lii laxes t!Ek'e4akwe. Wii, la k!unxElesaxes t!Ek"e4akwe qa^s ts!6-
s^Ide. Wii, lii ts !Exts lalasa t !Ex"s6se laxa ^wiilasagawa^ye lExa^ya. Wii,
lii ts!Exts!alasa Liixab§,lis laxa iimiiyagawa^ye lExa^ya. Wa, heEm
gweg'ilatsa ts!ots!enoxwe ts!p:daqExs tslosae laxes tlEk'e^akwe.
Wii, g'il^mese «wPla la tslswekwe tlsk'S-'lakwas lae lEts lalasa tlEx"- 60
sose lax am^ama^ye LlaiJ.abata. Wii, g'il^mese ^wPla lax texts !e-
wakwa t!et!Egwats!e iJaLlabata lae iix^edxa Laxabiihse qa^s iEkwe
1336 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Irtii. ann. 35
G3 long roots and jniUs them out, one at a time, and spreads them out|
on a mat. Then she may count the long roots, that is, one hundred.
|
6.5 She ties them in the middle with a strip of narrow cedar hark.||
That is called hy the woman who digs cinquefoil roots "one I hnndle
cf long roots," if it is put up in this way. When they are well tied in
(he middle, the woman who digs cinquefoil roots puts them into a
|
medium-sized basket, and when the cedar-bark basket is full, she|
puts it away, for sometimes there are many cedar-bark baskets with]
70 iiuig cinquefoil roots and also many cedar-bark baskets with short||
cinquefoil roots. As soon as this has been done, she goes home to
her winter house. The cedar-bark baskets which are to be given to
]
the chief are put in a canoe in a separate place. As soon as the |
I
woman who has taken the cinquefoil roots and her husband arrive
on the beach of their house, the man shouts to the chief and asks him|
75 to come to meet him, and the chief usually comes down at once to||
meet the woman who has dug tlie cinquefoil roots, and when she|
arrives at the beach, the husband of the woman who has taken the]
cinquefoil loots, shows the cedar-bark baskets with long roots to the
chief. He saj^s to him,'' These are given to you by my wife, chief,"
|
I
SO and the chief thanks him for his word. Then the chief calls the young||
men to carry up from the beach the baskets with long cinquefoil
roots. He does not give any of the baskets with short cinquefoil
I
63 ^nal^nEmts!q!Emk"aq qa^s k"adEdz6dales laxa LEblle le^wa^ya.
Wii, laxEnte hosaEmxa Laxabalise qa lak'lEudes lii yiL03^6tsa ts!eq!a-
65 dzo dsnas laq. Wa, lieEm gwE'yosa ts'.ots'.enoxwe ts'.Edaci ^uEmx'sa-
yok" Laxabalisa he gwale. Wa, g'il^mese ^wl4a la yacLoya^axs lae
aek"!cda t!5ts!enoxwe ts'.Edaq axtslalas laxa hel^a L!abata. Wil,
g'lUmese qot'.eda Laxabats'.e L'.abata lae g'exaq, yixs ^na^nEmp!E-
nae q'.enEma LeLaxabats'.e L'.aLlEbata. Wa, laxae qlenEma t!et!E-
70 gwatsle LlaLlEbata. Wii, g il^mese gwala, lae na^nak" laxes ts!awttn-
xase g'okwa. Wii, laEm gwalElasm ogugExsa ISec i^E^wEndEmxa
g'igama^ye LeLaxabatsIe LlaLlEbata. Wa,g"il^meselag"aliseda ts!ots!e-
noxwe tslEdiici LE^wis la-wunEnie lax LlEma^isases g'okwe, laasa
bEgwanEmc liiqillaxa gigama^ye qa^s Le^liilaci qa gaxeslalalaq. Wii,
75 hex"^idats!emas^mesa g'lgama^ye g"ax g'iig'axalaxa tslotslenoxwe
tslEdfiqa. Wii, g'iPmese lag'aa hixa g'iix^alise laeda la^wiinEmasa
ts!ols!enoxwe tslEdaq nelasa LCLaxabats'.e LlaLlEbat laxi g'iga-
ma^ye. "Wii, la^mox LlE^WEndEmsg'in gEnEmk" laL, g'Igame,"
^nelc'Efj. Wii, tVmise mo^leda g'Igctma'yais wiildEmas. Wii, la-
80 ^meda g'lgama^yc Le^hllaxa hii^yiib'a qa liis ^mosdesaxa LeLaxabats'.c
LliiL'.Ebata. Wii, laEm k'leas LlE^WEndEms laxa t!et!Egwats!c Llti-
i.lEbata Mxa g'lgiima^ye, qaxs lex"a^maeda g'igEgama^yi^ LElaxaji-
boas: addenda 1337
roots to the chief , for tlie chiefs eat only the long oinquefoi] roots, S2
|
I
and the common men eat the short |cinquefoi.l roots. That is all.||
And this is the way with all lands of beny cakes. Whcn| there are 85
five bundles of berry cakes obtained by the woman who has picked
the berries, she gives one bundle of berry cakes to the wife of the chief.
]
There are five cakes in one bundle of berry cakes. Often the wife of
|
the chief thinks that one bundle of berry cakes is not enough ; that is,
I
if the wife of the chief is a bad woman ||and many times the two women 90
quarrel. That is all.
|
|
I have forgotten that there are sometimes fifty bundles of dried]
berry cakes: that is, more than two hundred berry cakes made by
the woman who picked the berries;—if the woman is strong wlien||
I
picking salal berries or currents or elderberries or huckleberries. 95
Wlien the berry picker has two hundred bundles of dried berry cakes,
I |
she gives forty bundles to the wife of the chief. That is the way, for
|
there are many berry-picking women who get more than two hundred|
bundles of dried berries of the different kinds of berries. 100
|| |
Of all the diffei'ent kinds of food, a little is| given to the chief by
those who belong to his numaym: clams, mussels, small mussels,
|
and horse clams. Of all of these, a little is given to the wife of the
| || 5
g'Exa Liixab&lise. Wa, hetleda bEgwanEmq lalame t!Et!aq"xa t!Ex- 83
"sos. Wa, laEm laba.
Wa, he^mesa ^naxwa qa^s gwex'sdEmaxa tlEqa, ylxs gil^mae 85
sEk" lax'sayokwe tiEqasa hamts!enoxwe tslEdaqa, la L'.E^wEiitasa
^nEmx"sayokwe t!Eqa lax gEUEmasa g'lgama^ye laxs sesEkMaxsa-
galaedu ^nEmx'sayokwe t!Eqa. Wit, laxae q!unala k'!5te gEUEmasa
g'igama^yaxa ^nEmx'sayokwe t'.Eqa, yixs ^yax'sa^mae ts!Edaqa
gEiiEmasa g"igama^3'e. Wa, la q'.unala xomal^ideda ma^lokwe ts!e- 90
daqa. Wii, hiEm laba.
A, hexoLEn L'.ElewisEnxs ^nal-nEmp!Enae sEkMasgEmg'ustax'sa-
yokwa tiEqa loxs hayaqa mri^lp!Enyag"EX"sayokwa t!Eqa axaiiEmsa
hamtslenoxwe tslndaqa yJxs lak!wemasae hamseda tslEdaqaxa
nEk!til LE^wa q!esena EE^wa ts!ex'ina LE^wa gwadEm. Wii, he- 95
^maaxs ma^lp'.Enyag'Ex'sayokwae axa^yasa hamtslenoxwe ts'.Eda-
qaxa tlsqa. Wa, la LlE^wEntasa mosgEmg'ustax'sayokwe tlsqa
lax gEnEmasa g'lgama^ye. Wii, he^meq qaxs q!euEniaeda hamts'.e-
noxwe tsledaq laLxa hayaqiixa m.ilplEnj^ag'EX'sayokwe tlEqaxs
hamsaaxa LloiJEpIemase. 100
Wii, ^mixwaEmLeda 6giiq!emas hesha-ma^ya la xiii.!a LlE-'wrn-
dEmxa g'lgamasa g"ayol lax ^nE^memotasxa g'aweqIanEm LE^wa
k'!omats!e LE^wa xo4e LE^wa laese EE^wa mEt!iina^ye. Wii, hii^s-
taEm xiiLlaLlE^wEndEmsaLaweuoxwe tslEdiiqxa ts!ets!Ek!wemasaxa
:
1338 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [etii. anx. ,v.
cliicf by the woman who digs shoU fish.—enough to be eaten by the
wife of the rhief. I think this is all about this.
| |
This is another thing asked b_v you on the 22d of the month of May|
namely, about the hunter. When he has sliot three bears, he gives
|
10 one to the chief of his numaym ||and he keeps two bears; and when a
sea hunter has killed three sea otters,] he gives one to the ehief of his
numaym. This is done with everything that is obtained by|
hunters and sea hunters and] canoe builders. The canoe is generally
given to the chief. That is all about this.|
||
15 This is another matter asked by you regarding the carvers of the
chief in his numaym. It is true what you say. Generally,! the chief
I
and liis carvers live together in one house. When the chief wishes|
to change his house and to have carved posts, then the chief just tells
|
20 his carver that he washes for||carved posts for his house. The carver
knows all the carvings that belong to his chief, and, therefore, the|
I
chief never tells the carver what he is to carve on the posts of the
|
house, for the wood carver knows what he will carve, because he|
knows all the carvings that belong to the chief. ||
25 Another man, belonging to the numaym of the chief, has to get|
cedar trees to be carved by the wood carver. \s soon as| the cedar
trees lie on their backs on the beach of the house of the chief, the
|
5 gEnEmasa g'lgama^ye qa a.Em helkMEsalaso^ ts'.ekwasosa gEnEmasa
g'lgama^ye. Wa, lax'st!aak"^Em ^wPla laxeq.
Wa, g'a^mets ^nEmx'^idala wuLaso-xa malExsag'Eyo ^nala laxa
^niEkulasa mElelasgEmxa hanL'.enoxwaxs g'il^mae ha.nLEkwalaxa
yuduxwe L'.a'ya lae tslasa ^nEme laxa g"Igi\ma^yases ^nE^memote.
10 Wii, la axelaxa ma^le L!tVya. Wiix'I yuduxwa q!asa alewanEmsa
alewiuoxwe laxae ts'.asa ^nEme laxa g"igama^yases ^iiE^memote.xa
^naxwa ^yanEmsa hiin-'EnL!enoxwe Le^wa es-'Elenoxwe Lo^ma i.eEl-
q'.enoxwaxa xwakliina, heEmull aEni q!unala ts lE^wexa gugiimafya
xwak !una. Wa, laEm laba laxeq.
15 Wa, g'a^mets ^iiEnix'^idala wiiLasowa g'it lenoxwasa g'lgama^ye
laxes ^nE^memote. Wit, t^hxEm laxes waldEmos, yixs qlunalae
^nEmaele g"igama^ye LE^wis g'itlenoxwe. Wa, gll^meseda g'lga-
ma^ye walaqela qa^s i. layogtilsexes g'okwe qa k" lex'k" !adzEkwes
i.eLamas, wa, annesa g'igama^ye nela.xes g'it lenoxwaxs ^nek'ae qa
20 k' lex'k '.adzEkwesa LeLamases g'okwe. Wa, leda g'itlenoxwe ^na-
xwaEm q!aLElax k' !ek- h:s-'ases g-Igama-'ye. Wa, he^mis lag-ilas g"iga-
ma^ye hevvaxa netaxes g"it!enoxwas gwexsdEniLas k'laLasa LCLamasa
gokwe, qaxs has^mcLaxa g'itlenoxwe n^qeLes k'laLa, qaxs ^naxwa-
nnae qlaLElax k' !ek' lEs^ases g'lgama^ye.
25 Wii, laLe ogii'laEm bEgwauEm g'ayol lax ^nE^memotasa g'lgSma^ya
la ^wawPlaxa wllkwe qa k" lasosa g'it lenoxwe. Wa, g'il^mese g'ax
k'atEmg'alisa welkwe liix Llema^isas g'okwasa g'lgSma^ye, laeda
BOAS] ADDENDA 1339
chief sends his speaker to call the diffei'ent|numayms to come and 29
roll up the four cedar trees. When thev are all in front of the chief's "^^||
house, the chief's speaker tells the common men to roll up the four
|
I
cedar trees. Then the chiefs just sit down outside, (watching the
trihe who are working hard, rolling up the foiu'l cedar trees. The
carver shows them where to place the||four cedar trees, on the ground. 35
When the four cedars are all up on the beach, the speaker of the chief
|
tells all the men to sit down, and wlien they are seated, the young
|
men of the chief's numaym|go into the chief's house and come out
carrying blankets which they put down at the place where the chief's
I
speaker is standing, and he gives one pair to each chief of the various 40
|| |
numayms, and to each group of two common men one pair of blankets.
|
This is called by the Indians, "obtained by rolling up the cedar tree."
I
After the speaker has given away the| blankets, the chief's speaker
asks the carver to || carve the four cedars for posts of the chief's house, 45
|
and he promises to pay fifty blankets for each post: that is, two
|
liundred blankets for the four posts, and the carver thanks him for
I |
what he has said. Then the carver carves the four posts, and when|| 50
he has finished them, the chief asks his speaker to go and invite | the
g'lgama^ye ^yalaqases a^yilkwe qa las Lex'LElsa ^wilaxa alogfiq lEse 28
^iial^nEmemasa qa g"axes ^wi^la lex'-usdesaxa mots!aqe wilkwa. Wa,
g'il^mese g'ax ^wi'la lax l lasana^yas g'okwasa g"igama^ye laeda e1- 30
kwiisa g"Igama^ye axkMalaxa bebEgwanEmq !alame qa lex'^usdesexa
motslaqe wilkwa. Wa, lax"da^xwa g'ig'Egama^yas aEm k'.utslEs
x'lts lax'ilaxes g'okulotaxs lae laxiimala lex'^usdesElaxa m5ts!aqe
wilkwa. Wa, la he^ma g'it!enoxwe tsIats'.Emx'sIla qa k'atk"Et!atsa
motslaqe wilkwa. Wa, g'il^mese ^wi^losdesa motslticje wilkwa laeda 35
Elkwiisa g'igama^ye axkMalaxa ^naxwa bebsgwanEm qa kliis^Elses.
Wa, g'il^mese -wi^la klus^Elsa laeda ha^yal^as ^nE^memotasa g'lga-
ma^ye hogwiLa lax g'okwases g'lgama^ye, qa^s g'axe ^mowElsaxa
p lElxElasgEme, qa^s g'axe ^mogwaElsaq lax Ladzasasa slkwasa g'i-
gama^ye. Wa, la yax^witsa ^nal^nEraxsa laxa ^nal^nEmokwe g'lg'E- 40
gamesa aloguqlEse ^nal^nE^memasa. Wa, la maema^lokwa bebEgwa-
nEmq !alaEm laxa ^nSl^nEmxsa p lElxElasgEma. Wa, hcEm gwE^yosa
baklimie lex'^usdedzanEmxa wilkwe. Wa, g'il^mese gwal yaqwasa
p '.ElxElasgEme laeda Elkwiisa g^igama^ye helaxa gitlenoxwe qa
k' !ex"^Idesexa mots !aqe wilkwa qa LeLamLEs g'6x"Lasa g'lgama^ye. 45
Wa, la gwalElaEm halaq lEg'a^ltsa sesEk"!ax"s5kwe plElxElasgEm
laxa ^nal^uEmts !aqe Lama. Wa, la^me ma^lplEnyag'E plElxElasgEm
laxa motslaqe Lexama. Wa, fi,^miseda g"it!enoxwe mo^las MaldE-
mas. Wii, la^meda g'itlenoxwe k'lcx'^Idxa motslaqe LeLilma. Wa,
g'il^mesese gwala laeda g'Tgama^ye axklalaxes Elkwe qa las i.ex'LEl- 50
1340 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [kth. ann. 36
52 various nunui^-ms to come and sit down outside | of the house. When
they have all come, the chief tells his speaker that he will pay two
|
hundred blankets to the carver, and after he has done so, the chief asks
|
55 the speaker to ||give to each man one blanket. This is paid to them
|
by the chief for coniintx to watch him, as he pays the carver. If the
|
chief should not pay the carver well, then the chief would bring dis-
|
grace upon himself: for it is a disgrace] to him and Ivis children and
60 their childien, if ho should not pay much to the carver and to the||
painter of the frcnt of his house and of the posts: for the carver and|
I
the painter are different men; [and the board maker is also another
man. ^\11 this is paid for by the chief with Tiiany blankets. That is
|
the end.
||
1 The ways of the various nuraayms, when the chief desires to give|
a potlatch tc the tribes, are different. This is called by the Indians
|
" to give property into the house of the chief." When ! the cliief of a
5 numaym says that he intends to invite the tribes, and if II the chief
has five hundred blankets in his house, then the chief sends his two|
speakers to go and call his numaym to come into the house of the\
chief; and when the speakers go, they enter the doors of the houses1
51 saxa Slogiiq '.Ese -'nal^Enemasa qa g'axes ^wPla k !fis^Elsa lax l lasaml,-
^yases g'okwe. Wa, g"Il=mese g'ax ^wPla laeda gugama^ye axk" !a-
laxes Elkwa qa haiaqases ma4p!Enyag'a plElxElasgEm laxL g'itle-
noxwe. Wii, g'il^mese gwala laeda g-Igama-'ye axk-!alaxes Elkwa qa
55 yax^witsexa ^naxwa bebEgwanEmsa 'nal'nEme p lElxElasgEma. Wii,
laEm halagEmsa gigama^ye qaxs g'axae doqwalaqexs lae halaqaxa
g-it!enoxwe. Wii he^maa qo k' leslaxa g'igjxma^ye aek'ila hSliiqaxa
g'it'.enoxwe lalaxe qlulex's-'Emlaxa g'lgfima^ye qlEmiigila qa's
q!Ema LE^wis sasEme Lo^ sasemLas qaxs ^walasae qlEmasa g'Tg^ma-
60 ^yaxs kMesae q'.enEme halagEmasexa g'it!enoxwe LE^wa kMat!eno-
xwaxa tsaqEma^yasa g'okwe LE^wa LeLsime yixs ogfl^la-'mae bEgwa-
iiEma g'it lenoxwe. Wii, laxae ogu^laEm bEgwanEma k'!at!enoxwe.
Wii, laxae ogil^laEm bEgwtinEmx latlaenoxwe. Wii, he^staEm halii-
qaso-sa g-Igiima^yasa q'.eqlEUEme plElxElasgEma. Wii, laEm liiba.
Wii, la ogiiqilla-me gweg'ilasasa aloguqlEse ^nE^memota, yixs
plEts'.exsdaes g-Igiima-'yaxa lelqwalaEa^ye, yix gwE^yjxsa biik!iime
p'.EdzeLases dadiik'ase laxes g'igiima^ye. Wii, hennaaxs lae ^nek'eda
g'Igama-'yasa ^nE^mema qa^s Letelexa lelqwalaLa-'ye, yixs lixelaeda
g'igiima^yaxa sEk- !ap !Enyag'e p lEbcElasgEma. Wii, liida g-Igiima^j-e
^yii'laqascs ma^okwe a^'yilk" qa liis Lex'LElsa ^wPlaxes ^nE'^memote qa
g-axes ^wi^la g-axeL lax g'okwases g'igama^ye. Wii, g-Il«mese la
«OiS] ADDENDA 1341
of those who are being called. ,' They stand in tlie door of the house 9
and say:
||
"Wo call for our chief, that we may come and listen to what he lo
will say to lis, numaym, wa, wo, wo. Come quickly, we
| are going
to call only once." Thus they say and go cut again.
I
|
Then all the men guess that the chief is going to ask to he helped
|
by liis numaym in his potlatch. Therefore, they get ready and || all 15
the men and their wives talk together before they go into the
|
chief's house. When what is to be contributed to the potlatcli is
ready they go into the chief's house. They do net take their
| j
blankets which are ready in the houses to be given to the chief,
j
Then they all enter the house. When all the men are in the house,
ll
the chief, himself, speaks and saj'^s:
| 20
|
"Thank you, numaym, that 3^ou have conae to this our ! house
here, great numaym. Indeed, this is the way of my mind, great
|
numaym. I depend on it that yon will stand behind me || in every- 25
thing, when I contend with the chiefs of the tribes, i Now, great
numaym, 1 will tell you about what I have in mind. I
[ want to
give a potlatch to the tribes. I have five hundred blankets in my
]
house. Now you will see whether that is enough to
| in.'ite the
tribes with. You will!l think that five hundred blankets are not 30
qas^ideda a^yilk" lae laeL lax tlEX'ilasa g'okwases Lex"LElsasE^we. 8
Wa, la qhvastolila Lix awlLEliisa tlEx'ilasa g'okwe. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"Lex'LElsanu^x" qaEns gigama^yex qEns la hoi.elaxox waldE- 10
mexsdaxs g'axEus, ^nE^memot. Wa, w5, wo. HalagUll la ^uEmp'.e-
nats!axstaEmLEnu^x"" ^nek'Exs lae hoqiiwElsa.
Wa, gwiilEla^mesa ^naxwa bebEgwaiaEm k'otaxes g'igama^j^e laEm
plEdzeLlalalxes ^nE^memote. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas gwalElaEm q!e-
qlEyodeda ^naxwa bebEgwanEm LE^wis gEgEUEmaxs kMes-'mae la 15
hogwiLa lax g'okwases g'lgama^ye. Wa, gIPmese gwat-'alile p!E-
dzeLEmLas lae hogwiLa lax g'okwases g'lgama^ye. Wa, la^me k" !es
dalaxa p !ElxElasgEmexes la gwalila qa^s plEdzeLEma laxes g'lgama-
fyaxs lae ^wFla hogwiLalax g'okwe. Wa, g'll^mese ^wPlaeLeda bkgwa-
nEmx'sa laase q'.iiledzaqwa yaqlEg'a^leda g'iga.ma^ye. Wa, la ^ne- 20
k"a:
"Gelag'a, ^nE^memot, gelag'axs g'axaex g'axeL laxwa g'okwex,
laxEns g'okwex, ^walas ^nE^memot. QaLag'a gwaiaasg'asg'En na-
qek' qa^s, ^walas ^iiE^memot, yixg'In heleqEleg'hiLos Laweg'e g'axEn
qa ^naxwa Loxgunyaloklwag'alek' Lo^g'ig'Egama^yasalelqwalaLa^ye. 25
Wa, la^mesEn nelaLoL, ^walas ^nE^memot, yisg'a gweg'aledzasg'asg'En
naqek', yixg'in p!Ets!exsdeg'axa lelqwalaLa^ye. We, lax sEk'Ia-
p lEnyag'oxda p '.ElxElasgEmex gael laxEn g'okwex. Wa, la^mets do-
qwalaLEq hel^ala^maox lax Lela^Iayoxa lelqwalaLa^ye. Wa, o-Jl-
^Emlwits k'lotaLExa sEk'laplEnyag'ex plElxElasgEma la^mets wag'il 30
1342 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, [etu. ann.36
31 enouj^h, and you will treat mc as your chief, and you will give
| me
your property for the potlatch, great numaym, for it will not be in
|
my name. It will be in your name, and you will become famous
|
among the tribes, when it is said that you have given your property
for a potlatch, that I may invite the tri]:)e3. Now look at your
| 1|
35 minds." Thus he says, and sits down. I
lie waits in the house to hear what will bo replied to his speech by
the mimayra. All the men of his numaym only keep silent.
| They|
all wait for the chief to speak who is next in rank under the head
40 chief who is going to invite the tribes. The one
| ||
next to the chief
should begin to contribute property for the potlatch: for they begin
at the head of the numaym, according to rank [the seats] down
] to
the one lowest in rank [last seat]. Therefore, they wait for
j the
one next to the chief to speak. When he arises from his seat, he
[
speaks and says;
|
45 "Now rise, numaym, let us open our || boxes to give property for
the potlatch to our chief; for will it be in our chief's name what we
j
shall do? It will be in our name what we shall do. Now, chief,
|
just spread out a mat that we may pile on it what we are going to
I
give you for the potlatch." Thus he says, I and they all come out
of the house cf their chief.
||
50 Tlie man who is next to the chief goes out first. When all tlie
j
men are out, the\' ask the man who is next to the chief how many
]
]
31 g'ag'exsilal g'axEn qa^s wag"iL5s pIsdzeLases dadak'asos g'axEn,
^walas ^nE^memot, qaxs k"!eseLa nosL LegEml, yixs hos^meLa LegEml
qaso lal ts'.elwalal laxwa lelqwalaLa^yax ^nex'sol p!EdzeLases dada-
k'asos qEn Lela^layoxa lelqwalaLa^yax. Wa, laEms doqwalalxes
35 nenaqa^yos," ^nek'Exs lae k!wag"allla.
Wa, la^me olastolil hawaLelaax na^naxma^yayoLas ^nE'memotasex
waldEmas. Wa, a^mise la ^naxwa tsEmStaleda ^nE^memotas. Wii,
la^me ^naxwa olala qa yaqlEg'a^lesa g"igaba^yaxa glgama^yexa Lela-
^laLaxa lelqwalaLa^ye, qaxs hets!emasae g'alabEud p'.EdzeLeda ma-
40 k'llaxa g'igama^ye qaxs g'agEmdalaeda ^nE^mema laxes LaLExwa-'ye
gwSyol laxa mak' '.Exsda^ye Laxwa^ya. Wa, he^mis lag'itas he olala-
sE^weda mak'ilaxa g'lgama^ye qa yaq!Eg"a^les. Wa, g'lPmese Lax-
^walii laxes k!waelase lae yaq'.Eg'a^a. Wa, la ^nek'a:
"Wag'illa ^wi^la q !wag*ileLOL, ^UE^memot, qEns lii x'awaxEns gil-
45 g'ildasa qEns g'axlag'i pIsdzeLasEns dadak'asa laxEns g'lgama^yex.
HESLaeLexEns g'igama^yex LegEmLEns gwex'^idaasLex, nosmel-
g'lnsax LegEmLXEns gwex'^idaasLCX. Wag'illa gugame^ asm La-
p!alltas le^wa^ya qa ^modzodalasltsEnu^x" p'.EdzeLEmLaol," ^nek'Exs
lae ^wPla hoquwElsa laxa g"okwases g'igama^ye.
50 Wa, hiEm g'alaba^ya bEgwanEmxa mak'ilaxa g'lgama'ye. Wa, g'il-
-mese ^wi^la haqiiwElseda bebEgwanEme lae «naxwa'meda bebEgwa-
UEme la wuLaxa bEgwanEmexa mak'ilaxa g'igama^ye lax ^waxaas-
liOASl ADDENDA 1343
of liis blankets he is going to give to the chief for the pothxtcli: and 53
when that man is angry, he says: ||
I
"I am annoyed by our chief, because he aslvs us too often for 55
property for his potlatch. I shall try to make him ashamed.
I
Therefore, 1 shall give him one hundred blankets, that we I may
|
bury his name under our property. I wish that you give for the
|
potlatch fifty, or forty, or ten pairs of blankets; || and from those who 60
arc poor, shall come five pairs of blankets." Thus says the man next|
to the chief.
After he had finished his speech, they all carry on their shoulders
the blankets, and the blankets owned by each man are piled up.
|
|
Wl^en the blankets have all been brought in, || the men sit down 65
alongside of the blankets which they are going to contribute for the
potlatch: only the one who is next to the chief stands next to the
| |
one hundred blankets wiiich he is going to give for the potlatch. He
speaks, and says:
|
"Now come, you nuniayra, let us treat our chief as a I chief."
And then he turns to the chief and says to him, "|| Now look tliis way, 70
chief, and listen to what we came here for to yoiu- house, chief. We
|
came here with good hearts to you, chief. We give to you this
|
property for your potlatch, that we may help you with what you
|
are doing all the time in behalf of my name, for I am the bodv of
|
i,asa plElxElasgEme p'.EdzeLEmLasexa g'lgama^ye. Wa, gil^mese 53
hlwiseda bEgwanEme lae ^uek'a:
" WaneqadzEnLasEns g"igama^yaxs xEjiLElae ^nEnxwaakula p'.E- 55
dzeLEla g'axEns. Wa, la^mesEn hamax"ts!alaLEq. Wa, he^mis
lag'ilasox lak'lEnde p lElxElasgEniEn plEdzeLEmLaqo, qEns wiig-i
dzEmasox LegEmaxs ylsEns dadak'asex. Wa, lEn ^nex" qa^s ^na-
xwa^meLos p!EdzeLas sEk'!ax'sok" l6^ mox'sok" l6^ nEqaxsa; wa
laLe sEkMaxsa jj lElxElasgEme g'ag'UeLa plEdzeLEmsa wa-yamala," 60
^nek'eda bEgwanEmexa makiliixa g"igama^ye.
Wa, g'll^mese gwale waldEmas lae ^wFla gEmxcLElaxa p !ElxElas-
gEme. Wii, la^me al^owlia p lElxElasgEme, yix axasa ^nal^uEmokwe
bEgwanEma. Wa, g'll^mese ^wFlaeLeda p !ElxElasgEme lae ^naxwa-
^meda bEgwanEme k'.udzEnwalilxesp'.EdzeLEmep'.ElxElasgEma. Wa, 65
lex"a^mese La^wileda makiliixa gigama^ye LE^wEnwalilxes plsdze-
LEme lakMEnde p lElxElasgEma. Wa, la yaq'.Eg'a^. Wa, la^nek'a:
"Gelag"a, gelag'a yoL ^nE^memot qEns g'axe g'ag'exsilaxEns g'i-
gama^yex." Wa, la gwegEmx'^Id laxa gigama^ye. Wa, la ^nek'Eq:
" Wag'illagwasgEmx'^IdLOL, gig^me^ qa^s hoLelaosaxg'anu^x" g'axe- 70
nek' g'axeL laxos g"6kwaqos, gigame^. G'axEnu^xwasg'ada ek'Ek'
naqa^ya iTiL, gig^une' g'axEnu=x" p!EdzeLasg'ada dadak'asEk' Uxl gi-
game^ qEnu^x" g'ox^widaoL laxos hemEnala^maqos gweg'ilasa qEn
i.egEmxg'In ogwida^yeg'ases ^nE^memotos, g'igame^" laxes dalaaxa
1344 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ktii. anm. ss
75 your numaym, chief." Thus lie says, holding || one pair of blankets
in his hand while he is speaking. Then he says, "This will be the|
rank of the new name of ray child, according to my kindly feeling
towards you, chief. Now count, counter of the house."! |
Then he counts one hundred blankets and after he has done so, !
the one who is next to the chief is asked to go and count what is
80 contributed for the pctlatch, || by the one next in rank, and the one
next to the chief speaks for his numaym.1 |
When all the blankets contributed for the potlatch have been put
down, the chief asks his numa\'m to bring out of his room the five
I
hundred blankets to be piled on top of the blankets given for the
|
85 potlatch. Sometimes more than a thousand blankets are given]
II
by the tribe to their chief for his potlatch. —| -|
All the numaym fellows do not expect the chief to return what is|
90 given for the potlatch. Then the chief gives away in the potlatch||
the blankets given to him. That is all about this.| (
Marriagk . L.vws (to p. 782)
And this is the last, what you refer to, for me to answer, You askj
about a woman who is the daughter of a first husband. When the|
95 first husband die.s, and (a woman) marries another man, and she gives|i
75 ^nEmxsa p '.ElxElasgEmxs yaqlEntlalae. Wa, la ^nek'a: "LaEm
o^mayoLEs ale LegEmsEn xunokwaxg'ada eg'in naqe qa^s g'lgame^.
Wa, wiig'a hosElaLEx hawasemil."
Wa, la hos^Idxa lak" '.Ende p '.ElxElasgEma. Wa, g'll^mese gwala
lae axsE^wa, yixa mak-Ilaxa g-Igama=ye qa^s la hos^edEx p IsdzeLE-
80 masa mak'ilaq laxes Laxwa^ye. Wii, hex'sa^mesa miik-ilaxa g'iga-
ma^ye yaq '.Ent'.fda qaes ^uE^memote.
Wa, g-itmese ^wFla a.x^alileda p '.EdzeLEme p IsLxElasgEma laeda
g-Igama^ye axk' lalaxes ^nE^memote qa ax^wults lalilesexa sEk" !ap '.En-
Eyag-g p '.ElxElasgEma qa^s g'axe mEweg'alilas laxa p '.EdzeLEme
85 p lElxElasgEma. Wa, la^me ^nai^nEmp !Ena lag'aa lax hayaqax
loxsEmx-^ideda p!EdzeLEme p lELxElasgEmsa ^nE^memotaxes g'lga-
ma^ye.
Wa, la^me k' !es ^nak' laleda ^naxwa ^nE^memotsa g'lgama^ye qa
L'.ayowesa g-igama«yaxes p'.EdzeLEmaq. Wa, lE^ma g-igama^ye
90 p i.Es^itsa p lEdzeLEme p lELxElasgEm laxa lelqwSlaLa^ye. Wa, laEm
laba laxeq.
Marriage Laws
Wa, g'a^mes la eIxlc gwE^yos qEn na^nax^mesogwada, yixs
wOLaaqos laxa ts'.Edaqaxs tslEdaqaes xunokwe laxes g"ale la^wfuiE-
ma. Wa, g-il^mese Ie^Ic la^wunEmx'diis laxae la'wadEsa ogu^la-'me
95 bEgwanEma. Wa, la mayol^itsa babagume. Wii, g'll^mese ^nE^mala
BOAS] ADDENDA 1345
birth to a boy; when both he and his sister are full grown, the man| 96
can not marry his sister, because they have one mother, although
| |
their fathers are different men. I have never seen anyone do this,|
and also nobody told me that this was done by any tribe. That is 100
||
the end.
|
Property Eights (to p. 787)
I have been asked by you about another thing, namely, the hun- 1
ters of the numayras of the tribes. The hunters of the different|
I
numayms can not go hunting on the hunting grounds of the hunters
|
of another numaym; for all the hunters grounds,ll own their hunting 5
and when a hunter sees that another hunter goes to hunt on his
|
|
hunting ground, then the}'^ fight, and generally one or both are
|
killed.
I
And the mountain-goat hunters do the same, when the goat
|
hunter of a numaym, and the gont hunter of another numaym meet, 10
||
they fight immediately. And when one of them is beaten, he is pushed|
down the mountain. When he does not come home for a long time, it|
is said that he has fallen off from the mountain. Then they look in
vain for him on his goat-hunting ground, and when his relatives do
|
not find him, they guess that he has been pushed down from the
|
mountain by another goat hunter. | For this was done recently to a 15
lax DEXLaax'^ida LE^wis wtiq !wa, wa, la k'leas gwex"*idaas ^Eg'adeda 96
bEgwanEmases wuqiwa qaxs ^nEm6x"^mae abEmpas. Wa, la eogQ-
^laEm bebEgwanEme ompda^xwas. Wa, laEm k"!easEn dogul he
gwex'^ide. Wa, laxaa k'!e&s q'.ayol he gwex'^tsa ^naxwa lelqwS-
laLa^ya. Wa, lasm laba. 100
Property Rights
Wa, g'a^mets ^nEmx"^idala wiiLa^sogwadaxa hftnEnL lenoxwasa 1
^nal^nEmemasasa lelqwalaLa^ye, ytxs k" leasae gwex"^idaasa h&nL !e-
noxwasa ogii^a ^nE^memot la h&naL!a lax hanEULadasa h&nL'.eno-
xwasa ogMa ^nE^memota, yixs ^naxwa^mae hanEUL !enoxwe ftxno-
gwadEses hS,nEnLade. Wa, g'il^mese doxwaLEleda hS,nL!enoxwaxa 5
6gu4adzEs hSuLlenox" g'ax hS,naL!a lax hanEnLadas, lae xomaWda.
Wa, la q lunala lE^nokwa loxs ^nEmala^mae lelE^a.
Wa, heEmxaawise gweg'ileda tetE^wi^uenoxwaxa ^mElxLO, yLxs
g'il^mae qaqas5le tE^wi^nenoxwasa ^nE^memote Lo^ tE^wi^nenoxwasa
ogfl^la ^QE^memota lae hex'^da xomal^ida. Wa, g'il^mese waLa 10
^nEmokwe laq lae l lElg'iltodzEma. Wa, g'll^mese la gala k' !es g'ax
na^nakwa lae ^nex"so^ kuk'S, laxa nEg'a. Wa, wiil^mese la alaso^
laxes tetEwi^nadaxa ^mElxLowe. Wa, g'il^mese kMes qlasE^wa lae
LeLELalas k'otaqe laEm l !Elg"ilt6dzEmsa ogu^a tE^wFnenox"xa
^mElxLo, yixs al^mae he gwex'^ItsE^wa Madilbe bEgwanEm lax 15
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 36
1346 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. ss
16 M^dilbc^ man at Dzilwade at the place QaqetEn not more
| than
thirty years ago; for the Madilbe^ have no hunting ground at
|
Dzawade. It is said that a Madilbe' man whose name was
|
Q!oq lax'J.ala saw two mountain goats walking about, not very high
|
20 up. He told hiswife to look after his canoe. He stepped out of his
II j
canoe and went up to where he had seen the two mountain goats. It
|
wasnotlongbefore his wife heard a sound like the quarrelling of men.
|
Then it occurred to his wife that her husband had gone goat
| hunt-
25 ing on the goat hunting ground of the numaym G'lg'ilgSm, of the||
AwalLEla, and she thought that her husband had been met by them.
j
She never heard a shot fired by her husband, and he never came back.
|
They looked forhim. and they found him below. There was only a
|
lump of blood on the rocks, and they never discovered who had
j
30 done it. Often this is done by the goat hunters jl at Dzawade and
Gwa^ye, and in the inlet of the Nak!svax'da^x"; and up to the pres-
|
ent day, it is \ery often done by the Awlk'enox!". That is the end.
j
And it is also the same with the grounds for picking viburnum
35 berries of the various I numayms, for each numaym owns berry-||
picking grounds for all kinds of berries:—crab apples, viburnum, and
|
salal berries, for they make berry cakes out of salal berries. They eat
berry cakes when winter comes, and also cranberries, elderberries,
|
Ig Dzawade, lax S,xas QaqetEnxa k'les^ma h&yaqax yiidux"sEmg'ustfi,-
XEnxelaxa tsISwunxe, yix kMeasae tE^wPnatsa Madilba^ye lax Dza-
wade. Wa, la^laeda Madilba^ye bEgwanEmxa LegadEs Qleq'.ax'Lala
dox^waLElaxa ma^le ^mElxLO g"ilEmg"ilala laxa k' !es ek' !ala. Wa,
20 IS^lae SxkMalaxes gEnEme qa sak'emesexa xwak!una. Wa, la^lae
Mtt& laxa xwaklOna qa^s le ekMe^sta laxes doqulasaxa ma^le
'mElxLOwa. Wa, k'!es^Iat!a galaxs lae wAleIb gEnEmasexa he
gwex's qatapla bebEgwanEma. Wa, la^lae gEQEmas g']g"aex^idqexs
laes la^wunEme tE^wex'axa ^mElxLO lax tetE^wi^nadasa ^nE^memo-
25 tasa G'Ig'ElgEmasa AwalLEla. Wa, la^me k'otaq laEm qaqEsoles
la^wflnEme LE^we. Wa, la^me hewaxa hfinLlEg^a^le la^wtinEmx'das.
Wii, la^me hewax"a g"ax aedaaqa. Wa, la aliisE^wa. Wa, la
qlaso^ma laxa ba^ne^. AEm la ^mEklwa Elkwa. Wa, la k'les
q'.a^stasE^we hex'^idEq. Wa, la qlep'.Ena he gwex'^ideda tetE^wi-
3Q 'nenoxwaxa ^mElxL5 lax Dzawade lo^ Gwa^ye LE^wa wflnaldEmsasa
Naklwax'da^x"; wa, het!a Lo^ma qliinaleda AwikMenox" he gwe-
g'ilaxwa al^mex ^nala. Wii, laEm laba.
Wa, heEmxaawise gwex'sa hehEmyadaxa tlElsesa al^ogilqlEse
^nal^nE^memota, qaxs ^naxwa^mae fixnogwadeda ^nahiiE^memasasa
32 hehEmyadaxa ^naxwa l !ol !Ep !emasa, yixa tsElxwe LE^wa tlEls
LE^wa nEkliile qaxs t lEqag'ilaaxa nEk!iHe qa^s t!Ext!aqxa laLa tslS-
wQnx^idEl, Wa, he^mesa qexqales LE^wa tslex'ina LE^wa qlesena
BOAS] ADDENDA 1347
currants, salmon berries, huckleberries, sea milkwort which are 38
| |
called by the DF.nax'da^x", Llaklum. These are nine kinds of
|
berries which are watched by the owners of the berry-picking 40
||
grounds against other numayms, for these are counted in great
|
leasts; those which were named by me. When it is seen that some-
|
body, from another numaym, comes to steal berries from the berry-
\
picking grounds, the}^ fight at once, and often one of them, or both
|
of them, are killed. That is the end. 45
II |
The numayms of all the tribes also \ all own rivers. They do not
allow the men of other numayms to come and use their river to
I
catch salmon. Wlien a man disobeys and continues to catch
I
salmon, they fight and often both, or sometimes one of them, 50
|| |
is dead.
|
The owners of salmon traps or olachen traps fight frequently
\
when another man drives into the ground poles for a trap at
| the
trapping place of the owner of that place. Then, at once, they|| club 55
each other with poles. Generally, the one who drives the poles of
j
the fish trap into the ground is killed, and generally the real owner
|
of the fish trap remains alive, because the real owner of the fish
|
trap creeps up to the one who steals the place for the fish trap. He
just strikes him with a pole, standing behind him: or when the
|
LE^wa q'.EmdzEkwe; wa, he^mesa gwadEm LE^wa qotlExole yixa 38
gwE^yowasa DEnax'da^x" Llak'.um. Wa ^na^nEmax'^idaleda l !ol !e-
p !emase ala q !aq lalalasos exnogwadasa heliEmyade laxa al^oguq Iesb 40
'nal^nEmemasa qaxs ha^sta^mae gElogwe laxa ^walas kIwelasaxEn
;
la LBLEqalasE^wa. Wa, g'il^mese dox^waLEla g'ax g'iloLa hamsa lax
h&myadasa g'ayole laxa ogu4a ^nE^memota lae hex'^idaEm xoma-
l^ida. Wa, laxae q'.Gnala lE^leda ^nEmokwe laq loxs ^nEmala^mae
lelE^la. Wa, lasm laba. 45
Wa, he^mesa ^nal^nEmemasasa ^naxwa lelqwftlaLa^ya, yixs ^na-
xwa^mae S,xnogwadEsa wFwa. Wa, laxae k"!es helq'.aleda bEgwa-
nEme g'ayol laxa 5gii^la ^nE^memot g'ax wQla laxes wa qa^s gaLexa
k' lotEla. Wa, g'il^mese hat lEleda bEgwanEm gataxa k' lotEla lae
xomaWda. Wa, laEmxae q'.unala lelE^l ^nEmala loxs ^nEmox^^mae 50
lE^las.
Wa, heEm Loma qlunala xomaHdeda axnogwedasa Lawayaxa
k" lotEla LE^wa dza^xfln, ytxs laeda ogu^la bEgwanEm dex^wedEs
dzoxfimases Lawayo lax Lawayowasasa &xnogwadas. Wa, laEm
§,Em hex'^idaEm kwexap lEX'^itsa dzoxum. Wa, la he q lunala lE4a 55
deqwaxa dzoxumasa Lawayo. Wa, la q!unala qliileda henoma
ftxnogwadasa Lawayo, qaxs wilnwanek'aeda henoma ftxnogwadasa
Lawayo laxa g'iloLax Lawayowasas. Wa, al^mese kwex^itsa dzo-
xum lax bEgwanEmaxs lae Lawap!elesEq. Wa, g'il^mese ^nek'eda
1348 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. anx. 35
60 real owner of the fish trap wishes to spear with a spear the one||
who steals his fish-trap plare, I then he spears him. Therefore, gen-
erally, the thief is killed, because he does not hear, on account|
of the noise of the river. That is the end.
\
|
Inheritance (to p. 787)
1 I will talk, for example, about LaleliL !a, the one next to the head|
chief of the numaym G'exsEm. LaleliL !a had for his wife
|
Ts lalalili^Iak", the princess of Gwex'sesElasEme^. LaleliL !a and|
Ts lalaliliPak" had not been living as husband and wife for a long
5 time before || Ts lalalih^lak" was with child, and Ts lalalili^lak" had
for her lover Awaxalag'ilis. When Ts lalalili^lak" had been with
|
child for five months, she left her husband, LaleliL !a, for Gwex'-|
sesElasEme^ had already paid the marriage debt to LaleliL !a. There-|
fore Ts lalaMi^lak" left her husband, although she knew that she|
10 was with child, and it was not long after Ts lalalili-lak" |1 had left her
husband LaleliL !a, when Awaxalag'ihs married Ts lalalili-lak". Now|
Ts lalaliii^lak" was with child when she went into the house of her
new husband Awaxalag'ihs. Then Ts lalalih^lak" gave birth to
|
I
a boy, and Awaxalag'ilis gave the name Wawalk'ine to the child|
borne by his wife. Il
60 henoma S,xnogwadasa Lawayo qa^s sEk'ases wQlba laxa g'iloLax
Lawayowasas, lae sEX'^idEq. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas he q lunala lE^leda
g'iloL lekwe, qaxs k' lesae wuLEla qaeda wak" '.alaeda wa. Wa, laEm
laba.
Inheritance
1 La^mEn ^nex-dEmanox"Las LaleliL !a, yixs mak'alae lax xamagE-
mae g'igamesa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm. Wa, la LaleliL !a gEg'adEs
Ts !alahii4ak" yix k' ledelas Gwex'sesElasEme^ Wa, la gala la h&^ya-
sEk- ale LaleliL !a l5^ Tslalalih^lak". Wa, lii bEwex^wicIe Tslalalili-
5 4ak". Wa, la waLadEX'-'ide Ts U\laliii4akwas Awaxalag-ilis. Wa,
g'il^mese la sEk' lasgEmg'ila bEwekwe Ts !Maliii4akwaxs lae bases
la^wtinEme LaleliL !a qaxs lE^mae qotex'a Gwex'sesElasE^ma^yax
LaleliL !a. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas Ts !alallli4akwe bases la^wiinEmaxs
wax'^mae qIaLalaxs bEwekwae. Wa, k'!est!a gala Ts lalalih^lak"
10 bases la^wilnEmx'de LaleliL !axs lae qadzeLe Awaxalag'ilis lax Tslft-
lalili^lak". Wa, la^me Ts !alalili^lakwe bEwegweLEla lax g-okwases
al la^wtinEme Awaxalag-ilis. Wa, la mayul^ide Ts !alalili4akwasa
babagOme. Wa, la he-'me Awax&lag'ilis Lex^edEs Wawalk'ine lax
mayoLEmases gEUE^me.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1349
Then LaleliL.'a took for his wife Llalaga, the princess of YaxLEn, 15
|
chief of the numaj^m G'ig'ilgam of the Naklwax'da^x", It must
|
have been five years after Lalelii. !a and his wife l lalaga had been
|
married, when LalehL !a thought that his wife l lalaga would not have
a child. Then LaleliL !a invited all the tribes |1 to come to Fort 201
Rupert. As soon as all the tribes had come, LaleliL !a gave away
|
seven thousand blankets to the tribes.
|
|
Then LaleliL !a spoke and said to all the chiefs of the tribes, "Now
|
you shall caU Ha3"osdesElas the || son of Ts lalalili^lak". You shall 25
give property for my son HayosdesElas in my place in mj- numaym
|
the G'exsEm, for not I mj^self invited j'ou, tribes, for I turn over
|
|
my property to my prince. Then LaleliL !a received property in the
|
the last seat of his numaym, the G'exsEm, and HayosdesElas
||
received aU the property that was returned for what was given by 30
LaleliL !a to the tribes. Now LaleliL !a gave to him his property, and
|
his privileges, and his names, and his house with the double-headed
|
serpent front, and a grizzly bear house dish, a | beaver house dish, a
killer whale house dish, and a seal house dish. All these were in the
|
feast house of LaleliL !a; and he also gave liim the feast name
|| 35
Kwax'se^stala. All these were given bj^ LaleliL| !a to his prince
Wa, la^me LaleliL !a gEg-adEs Llalaga yix kMedelas YaxLEn, yix 15
g'igama^yasa ^nE^memotasa G'ig"ilgamasa Nak!wax"da^xwe. Wa,
laxEnte sEk' laxEnxe klwesiis hS^yasEk'ale LaleliL !a LE^wis gEnEme
Llalaga; wa, g"iFmese k'otlede LaleliL la kMes xungwadEx'^id laxes
gEnEme Llalaga lae LaleliL la Lelalaxa ^naxwa lelqwalaLa^ya qa
g'axes lax Tsaxis. Wa, g'il^mese g"ax ^wilg'aliseda lelqwS-laLa^yaxs 20
lae LaleliL la yax^witsa fiLEbop lEnx'^ide plElxElasgEm laxa lelqwa-
laLa^ye.
Wa, la^me LaleliL la yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek"a laxa 'naxwa
g'ig'Egamesa lelqwalaLa^ya. "LaEms LeqElaLEs HayosdesElas laxEn
xunokwe lax TslalaliMakwex. Wa, la^mets lal yaqwalxEn xunokwe 25
HayosdesElas laxEn Laxwa^ye laxEn ^nE^memota G'exsEm, qaxs
kMesae nogwa lbIeIol, lelqwalaLe qaxg'in xuyinx"seleg"axEn lS-
wulgS.ma^yaxsEn dadEk"asex." Wa, 4^mise LaleliL la la yaqwaso^
lax mak- laxsda^yases ^nE^memota G'exsEm. Wa, la^me HayosdesE-
las dag'ex yayagwa^ayS. yax^widayas LaleliL la laxa lelqwalaLa^ye. 30
Wa, la^me ^wi^la la LaleliL lases dadEk'ase le^wIs k' lek' Ies^o le^wIs
LeLEgEme LE^wis sisEyuLEwala g'ok" LE^wa nEn loqulil LE^wa ^nEme
tsla^we loqidil LE^wa ^nEme max^enox" loqulil LE^wa ^nEme megwat
loqulil, wji ha^staEm mExel laxa k iwela^yats le g'6x"s LaleliL la. Wa,
he^mise klweladzEXLay^s LaleliL la yix Kwax'se^stala. Wa, yQwe- 35
^staEm la lidzEms LaleliL la laxes LS,wElg&ma^ye HayosdesElas, ylxs
1350 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
37 HayosdesElas; for LaleliL !a was the eldest son of the children of his
|
father X'ax'Elqlayogwi^hik" and therefore LalellLla owned all the
|
privileges of his father; and LaleliL !a also gave away
| his name when
40 he had invited the people, as I have already
|| told, that is, to Hayosde-
sElas. Now HayosdesElas owned them in his numaym G'exsEm,
I
and also the former seat of LaleliL !a, and nobody objected to what]
|
LaleliL !a had done, for Haj-osdesElas was his only son.
|
45 HayosdesElas put away all the house dishes, and the feast || name
Kwax'se^stala, and all that was given to him by his father LaleUi. !a,
|
until the time when he would give a feast. That is called by the
|
Indians "putting away the privileges," when a feast is not immedi-
ately given and a copper is not immediately given away by the
|
father for his son.
|
Now they were going to give property to HayosdesElas in the seat
50 of his father || LaleliL !a and they gave property to LaleliL !a in the
last seat of the numaym G" exsEm, for he had now no seat, because
|
he had given over his seat to his son HayosdesElas.
|
|
Wiiwalk'ine, that is HayosdesElas, was always staying with his
|
mother, Ts !alaliii^lak", who had now for her husband Awaxalag'iUs,
||
55 and Awaxalag'ilis believed that Wawalk'ine,—that is, Hayos-
|
desElas,—was his own son; and when Wawalk'ine was grown up,
|
Awax3Jag'ilis invited the different tribes on behalf of his son
|
37 ^nolastlEgEma^yae LaleliL !as sasEmases ompwule X"ax"Elq!ay6-
gwi^lak". Wii, he^mis lag"ilas ^wi^la LaleliL !a 5,xnogwadEs k'!ek"!E-
s^ases ompwiile. Wii, laxae LaleliL !a lasa LegEme qaxs LelElae
40 yixEn laEmx'de waldEma yix HayosdesElas. Wa, laEm la 'wi^le
HayosdesElas axnogwadEs laxes ^nE^memota G'exsEm LE^wa
k'.wiix'das LaleliL !a. Wa, la k"!eas ^yax'^yEk'Ex gwex'^idaasas
LalellLla qaxs ^nEmox"mae x(in6x"se HayosdesEJase.
Wii, iVmise HayosdesElas ^wi^a g'exaxa loElqulile LE^wa k'.we-
45 ladzEXLiiyu LegEme Kwax'se^stala LE^wa ^naxwa layos ompase, yix
LaleliL !a lalaa laxes klwe^latslexsdEx'^idEX'dEmLa. Wa, hcEm
gwE^yasa baklum g"exaxes kMes^o, xa k" !ese hex'^id k'.welas^ida
LE^wa k'lese hex'^id plEs^itsa Llaqwa layosa ompe laxes xiinokwe.
Wii, laLe la^me HayosdesElas yilqwaso^ lax Laxwa^yases ompe
50 LiileliLla. Wii, la yiiqwasE^we LiileliLla Itix mtikMExsda^yases ^nE-
^memota G'exsEm, qaxs k" leasae la Laxwa^ya, qaxs laases Liixwex'de
liixes xunokwe HayosdesElas.
Wii, la^me hex^siiEm la Wiiwalk'ine, yix HayosdesElas q !ap lex'sEyo-
tes iibEmpe Ts'.alalili^akwaxs hiie la la^wunEmse Awaxrdagilis. Wa,
55 la^me oq'.usme Awaxalag-ilise hcEm xuiagwadEs Wawalk*ina-'ye, yix
HayosdesElas. Wii,g"il^mesela nEXLaax'^id bEgwanEme Wiiwalk'ina-
«ye lae Awaxalagihs LelElaxa ^wi^wElsgftmakwe lelqwithiLa^ya qaes
BOAS] ADDENDA 1351
Wawalkine, and when all the different tribes had come, AwaxS,-
|
lag'ihs told all the chiefs of the || tribes that not he, himself, had 60
invited them, but his prince, l !aqwag'ila, (that was he who had the
|
name HayosdesElas from his other father LaleliLla), "and also my
|
seat at the head of all the eagles, as I stand at the head of the tribes.
|
Now it will go to my prince, l laqwag'ila, and this house, and what
|
is in it, the red cedar bark (he meant the cannibal dance || and the 65
other dances; therefore he named the red cedar bark), and my
|
chief's position. All these will go to l laqwag'ila, and this copper,
|
about which all of you know, chiefs, this LlEsaxE^layo which is
|
worth nine thousand blankets, and fifty canoes, and si.x thousand
|
button blankets, || and two hundred and sixty silver bracelets, and 70
twenty gold-backed bracelets, and more than seventy gold ear-
|
rings, and forty sewing machines, and twenty-five phonographs,
I |
and fifty masks. These will go to my prince l laqwag'ila. Now he
|
wiU give these poor things to you, || tribes. You will give property 75
to me in the last seat of my numaym, the Ma&mtag'ila." Thus
|
said Awaxalag'ilis. Then he told them that he gave his position
| to
him whom he considered his own son, l laqwag'ila. l laqwag'ila
could not give these away in marriage, the eagle position, and the
I
name l laqwag'ila, and the house, || and the name which belongs to 80
xiinokwe Wawalk'ina^ye. Wa, g'U^mese g"ax ^wllg-alisa ^wFwElsga- 58
makwe lelqwalaLa^ya lae Awaxalag'ilise nelaxa ^naxwa g'Ig'Egamesa
lelqw&laLexs k" lesae he Lelalaq ylxs hae LawElgama^yase l laqwagila, 60
ylxa Legadas HayosdesElas laxes ^nEmokwe ompe LalellLla. " Wa,
he^mesEn Laxwa^ya xamaba^yasa ^naxwax kwekwekwa; laxEn gwa-
laasde lelqwalaLe. LaEm lal laxEn LawElgama^ye l laqwag'ila. Wa,
yu^mesa g'okwex LE^wa g'exg'aelex laq"xa L'.agEkwex (xa hamats!a
LE^wa al^5guqala lelad ^ne^nak'ilts lag'ilas Lex^edxa LlagEkwe) LE^wa 65
giqlena^ya qEn laEm lal ^wilal laL l laqwag'ila. Wa, yu^mesa
Llaqwax ylxes ^naxwa^maqos q!aLEla, g'Ig"Eg3,mexox LlEsaxE^ayo
yixs ^na^nEmplEnx'^ida^xwaex p!ElxElasgEma, yu^mesa sEk'Iils-
gEmg'ostax xwaxwak!una, yu^mesa qlELlEp'.Enyagex qlEngaxtala,
yu^mesa qIaL'.Ex'sok'alax daleg'a kMokula, yu^mesa maltsEmg'ustax 70
kwaleg'ax kMokula, yu^mesa ma^malgiiniiltsEmg'ustalax kwaskw^la.
yu^mesa mosgEmg'ustax masena, yu^mesa sEk'!agalax dEnxtslE-
wakwa, yu^mesa sEk' lasgEmg'ustax yixwlwa^ya. Yu^we^staEm lal
laxEn LawElgamaox Llaqwag'ilax. La^mox ^yag'iLElaxodLEsox laL
lelqwalaLai!. Wa, aEmlwits lal yaqwal g'axEn laxa mak'lExs- 75
da^yasEn -'nE^memota Maamtag'ila," ^nek'e Awaxalag'ilis. Wa,
la^me nelaxs lE^mae lasases g'eqienex'de laxes oq!udza^ye hEs^Emq
xunokwe l laqwag'ila. Wa, la k'leas gwex'^idaase l laqwag'ila
k'les^ogulxLalaxa kwekwe LE^wa LegEme L laqwag'ila LE^wa g'okwe.
Wa, he^mesa nuyambalise LegEme AwaxUlag'ilis lax gEg'adEX'^idEs 80
1352 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
80 the beginning of the family history, AwaxSJag ilis,—to him who might
marry his princess; for this is the beginning of the name among
| the
Maamtag"ila; and also the name l !aqwag' ila ; and also
| the carved
house posts of the house whose name is ^nEmsgEmsElaLElas.
|
Now Awaxalag'ihs gave all his privileges and his names to his
|
85 prince L!aqwag"ila, 1| after this, and AwaxSlag'ihs was now a com-
mon man, or,—as it is called by the Indians,—Awax3,lag'ilis was the
|
speaker of the house of Llaqwag'ila; for he was now chief; for the
|
chief position was put into Llaqwag'ila b}- his father Awaxalag'ihs.
|
Now, after this, l laqwag'ila, liimself, was a prince on the one side.
| ||
90 Then Llaqwag'ila married HamEntsag'ilayugwa, the princess of
|
K' !ade, for K' !ade was head chief of the numaym LelEwag'Ua
| of
the DzawadEenox". Llaqwagda had not long been married with
|
his wife, HamEntsag'ilayugwa, when they had a son, and then
|
95 Llaqwag'ila gave his own child's || name, Wawalk'ine, to his child,
and when the length of time that l laqwag'ila had his child Wawalk'i-
|
ne was four winters, then his father-in-law, K' !ade, paid the mar-
|
riage debt, and the canoe mast was the copper which has
| the name
"whale bod}'," and the privileges given in marriage were the
LEWElaxa masks: the Q!omogwa mask, and the war dance, and
I
100 four chieftain || dance masks which are all women's faces, the Do-
gwedEno mask, and also the names. Now Llaqwag'ila changed his
|
81 k'ledelas qaxs gwalElae LEgEmsa g'alg'alisasa Ma&mtag'ila lo^
Llaqwag'ila. Wa, he^mesa k'lexkMadzEkwas LcLamesa g'okwaxa
LegadEs ^nEmsgEmsElaLE^las. Wa, la^me ^wi^la la Awaxalag'llisases
'naxwa k' lek" Ies^o le'wjs LeLEgEme laxes LSwElg&mae Llaqwag'ila
85 laxeq. Wa, a^mese la bEgwanEmq lala^me Awaxalagilisexa gwE-
^yasa g'ale baklum Elgwile Awaxalag'lhsas Llaqiwag'ila, ylxs hae la
g'lgama^ya qaxs lae g'iqodzEk" la Llaqwag'Uases ompe Awax&-
lag'Ilise. Wa, la^me qlulex's'Em la LJlwElgade Llaqwag'ilases apso-
tlEna^ye laxeq.
90 Wa, la gEg'adEX'^ide Llaqwag'ila yls HamEntsag'ilayugwa yix
k" ledelas K' lade, yixs xamagSma'yae g'lgS-ma^ye K" ladasa ^nE^me-
motasa LelEwag'iliisa DzawadEenox". Wa, la k' !es gala hSyasEk'ale
Llaqwag'ila LE^wis gEnEme HamEntsag'ilayugwa, wa la xOngwa-
dEX'^itsa babagurae. Wa, la^me Llaqwag'ila Lex'etses g'inlEXLayo
95 LEgEme Wawalk'ina^ye laxes xunokwe. Wa, g'il^mese moxiinxe
tslkwOnxas la ^wa^wasdEms la xungwade Llaqwag'ilas Wawalk'ina-
^ye lae qotex'aso^ses nEgilmpe K'lade. Wa, laEm Lak'Eya^ya Lla-
qwaxa LegadEs GwE^yimk'En. Wa, la k" !es^ogulxi.alaxa LEWElaxa
yaxLEiiaxa q lomogwegEmle LE^wa hawlnalai LE^wa o^malalalEmle mo
100 ^yaexumltsa tsledaqas goguma^ye LE^wa dogwedEnolEmle. Wa,
he^mese LeLEgEmas. Wa, la^me Llaqwag'ila etied LlayoxLaxes
BOAS] ADDENDA 1353
name again to the name which he had obtained in marriage from 1
|
his father-in-law K' !ade. Now his name obtained in marriage from
|
K' Ikde was ^mEmx'o ^maxwa, and now Llaqwag'Ua had the name
|
^mKmx'o ^maxwa after this, and ^mEmx'o ^maxwa put away his 5||
name Llaqwag'Ua and his cannibal dance and all the names, for
|
^mEmx'o ^maxwa could not give away his name L.'aqwag'ila and
|
the name from his other father, LalehL !a, HayosdesElas, and the
|
houses and everything in them, and the privileges, to his younger
|
brother; and he could not give away the privileges obtained|| in 10
marriage and the houses of his two fathers, because they were
|
privileges belonging to the beginning of the famity of L!aqwag"ila,
namety, of the first %iaxuyalidze, the ancestor of the numaym|
Maamtag'ila. It was the same with the name HayosdesElas from
|
the numaj'm G'exsEm. That is a name from the beginning of the
famUy, and also the privileges, and the house. He could not
| ||
give away in marriage the house and all I have named, that was 15
given b}^ LalellL !a to his prince HayosdesElas to the one who would
|
marry his princess or his sister, for that is the power of the chiefs:
|
the family history, the privileges, and their names, and the house,
|
and what is in it. Llaqwag'Ua, that is ^niEmx'o ^maxwa, can
| not
give away || to his younger brother the privileges, and names, and 20
the house, and what is in it, which is the family history. —
|
|
LegEmasa LegEmg"llxLa^yases nEgiimpe KM^de. Wa, la^me Le- 2
gEmg'ilxLale K'ladax ^mEmx'o ^maxwa. Wa, la^me Legade Llaqwa-
g'ilas ^mEmx"o ^maxwa laxeq. Wa, a^mese ^mEmx"6 ^maxwa
g'exaxes LegEme Llaqwag'ila LE^wis hamatslae LE^wis ^naxwa 5
LeLEgEma qaxs kMeasae gwex'^idaase ^mEmx'o ^maxwa lases
LegEme L!aqwag"ila LE^wis LegEme laxes ^nEmokwe ompe LaleliLla,
yix HayosdesElas LE^wa g'ig"6kwe LE^wa ^naxwa g'ex'g'ael laq LE^wa
k"!ek"!Es«6 laxes tsLVya. Wa, laxae k'leas gwex'^idaas la kMes^o-
guLxLalaq LE^wa g"ig"ox"dases ma^okwe wiwompa qaxs nuyamba- 10
lisaeda k" !ek" lEs^fis L'.aqwag'ila yixa g'alii ^m&xiiyalidze, yix g'ilg'a-
hsasa ^nE^memotasa Maamtag-ila. Wa, laxae hesm gwex'se
HayosdesElas laxes ^nE^memota G'exsEm, yixs nuyambahsaes
LegEma LE^wa k'!ek"!Es^o LE^wa g"okwe. LaEnixae k"!eas gwex'^i-
daas LegEmg'llxLalaq LE^wa g'okwe LE^wa ^naxiin LeLEqalaso^ layos 15
LalehL !a laxes LawElgama^ye HayosdesElase lax gEg'ades kMedelas
l6^ wuqlwas, qaxs he^mae laxwesa g'lg'Egama^yes nuvambalise
k'!ek"!Es^a LE^wis LegEme LE^wis g'okwe lo^ g'ex'g'aelaq. Wa, la
kMeas gwex'^idaas la L'.aqwag'ila, yix ^mEmx'o ^maxwa, ylsa
nuyambahs k'!ek"!Es^o LE^wa LeLEgEme LE^wa g"okwe Lo«g"ex'g"aele 20
laq laxes tsla^ya.
1354 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
22 As soon as ^niEiux'o ^maxwa showed the LEWElaxa dance, which
was given to him in marriage by his father-in-law K' !ade, then
|
^msmx'o ^maxwa, that is Llaqwag'ila, put away everything, his
|
name L.'aqwag'Oa, and his cannibal name Kun^watElag ihdzEm, ||
25 and all his privileges, and what was in his house, all that he obtained
|
from Awaxalag"ihs and what he obtained from his other father,
|
LalellLla. He put away everything. Then the other chiefs said
|
that he put them into another crest box, for they do not inter-
|
30 mingle the family privileges: the house, and what is in it, || with the
privileges obtained in marriage; the names, and the house, and every-
thing in it; and they do not allow the LEwslaxa dance to enter the
|
|
winter ceremonial house. Therefore, they always give in marriage a
house, when they pay the marriage debt to the son-in-law, in the
|
way as was done by K' !ade to his son-in-law ^mEmx'o ^maxwa.
j
35 Now ^niEmx'o ^maxwa was LEWElaxa dancer for the tribes, || and
after he had danced four times, four nights, he finished, After he had
j
done so four times, then he put away his LEWElaxa dance. Then he
gave away to the tribes the amount paid by his father-in-law
|
K' !ade, his marriage debt. Now ^niEmx'o ^maxwa continued to
|
sing the LEWElaxa song four nights, one winter, and he did so for
|
40 four winters. Then he finished with it. Then ^mEmx'6 ^maxwa
II |
put it away, and now ^niEmx'o ^maxwa was called "La^wElqo," (that
is, a prince who has married the princess of a head chief) , for he had
22 Wa, gil^mese ^mEmx"o ^maxwa LEWElaxa g'tlxLalatses nEgflmpe
K'lade lae ^wrla^me ^mEmx'o ^maxwa, ylx Llaqwagila g'exaxes
LegEme Llaqwag'ila LE-wis LegEmaxs hamats'.ae Kiin^watElag'ili-
25 dzEm Lo^ naxwes k'ek' !es-o LE'wa g"ex'g'aelax g'okwas ^naxwaxa
g'ayole lax Awaxalag"ilis LE^wa g"ayole lax ^nEmokwe omps, ylx
LaleliLla. Wa, la^me -wi-la g'exa. Wa, la -nek'eda waokwe
g'ig'Egama^yaxs g'its!5daas laxes k"!es^owats!e g"Ildasa, qaxs k"!esae
layaplaleda nuyambalise k'!ek'!Es^o LE^wa g'okwe l6^ g'ex'g'aelaq
30 LE^wa k' !es^ogulxLa^ye LegEm LE^wa g'okwe LE^wa ^naxwa g'ex'-
g'aelaq. Wa, laxae k"!es helqlolEm lada LEWElaxa laeL laxa
ts!agats!e g'okwa, lag"ilas hemEnala g'okiilxLaleda qotex"axes
nEgiimpe lax la gwex'^idaats K^Iadaxes nEgiimpe -niEmx'a ^maxwa.
Wa, la-me LEWElaxe ^niEmx'a ^maxwa qaeda lelqwalaLa'ye. Wii,
35 g"il^mese gwal mop'.Ena yixwaxa moxsa gagEnoLa lae gwalExs lae
moplEna. Wa, la^me g'exaxa LEWElaxa. Wa, la^me yax^witsa
qotenanases nEgQmpe K"!ade laxa lelqwalaLa^ye. Wa, la^me
^mEmx"a ^maxwa hemsnalaEm moplEnxwa^sa ^nala LasElaxa lewe-
laxaxa gagEnoLexa ^nEmx"Enxe tslawunxa. Wa, la mox^unxe
40 ts'.awunxas he gweg'ile. Wii, la^me gwal laxeq. Wa, lawisLa
5mEmx"§, ^maxwa g'exaq laxeq. Wa, heEm LegadEs La^wElqo, yix
^mEmx'a ^maxwa, ylxs L^WElgSma^yae la gEg'adEsa k' '.edelesa xama-
ADDENDA 1355BOAS]
of the head chief of the numaym LelEwagila 43for his wife the princess |
K- 'ade Iwaxalag-flis was head chief of the
numaym Ma&mtag-ila |1
;
1
he was the father of ^mEmx^o ^maxwa, and
LaleliL-.a was next to 45
K-imk-iqEWid, headchief of tlienumaymG-exsEmof
theGwetE a
|
I
Therefore ^mEmx^o ^maxwa was called "chief all around
for
|
his mother Ts!alaMak- was the princess of
the chief of the
GwexsesElasEme^ Therefore ^mEmx-6 ^maxwa wasLawetsles, |
given two names, "chief aU around" and "prmce all
around when 50
II
he was called Lord
he was a man, and when he was just a child,|
all around." . •
| , , i ,.
Wlien ^mEmx-o ^maxwa finished his LEWElaxa dance,
his youngei
|
brother might also wish to show the LEWElaxa which
^mEmx' 6 ^maxwa
his younger brother had a strong hearthad obtained in marriage, if|
and could obtain as much property as his elder
brother, ^niEmx o 55
ll
brother can
^maxwa, had given away to the tribes. If his younger|
not -et as much as was given away to the tribes by his elder
brother,
|
^maxwa would not give to his younger brother the LEWElaxa'-mEmx-6
which he had obtained in marriage. If he aUows the
LEWElaxa to ms
|
by ^mEmx o
younger brother, then the name obtained in marriage|
does not go with it to liis younger brother, for
the name
^niaxwa
^mEmx-o ^maxwa is not the name for a younger brother,
for only 60
II
the children of chiefs have this name.first |1 _
younger brother of ^mEmxo ^maxwa fimshes givingAs soon as the
away property to the tribes, he gives back the
LEWElaxa dance to
|
aama^yae g'igamesa niE^nemotasa LelEwag-ile KMade. Wa, laxae 43
xama^Ema g-'igamesa ^uE^'memotasa Maamtag'ila, yLx Awaxalagihs,
ompas ^mEmx-a ^maxwa. Wa, la makilax K-imk-lqEWidexa 45ylx
xamagEma^ye g-Igamesa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEmasa GwetEla.
Wa^ he^mis lag'ilas LeqElasE-=we ^mEmx-a -'maxwas g-exse^stala
qaes 'abEmpe Ts !alalili4ak" ylxs k-'.edelaas g-igamasa
Lawetslese
Wa, he^mis lag-ilas ma^tsEme LeqalayaxGwex-sesElasEma^ye.
^mEinx-amiaxwa ylxs g-exse^stala lo- LEWEXse-stala laxs lae bEgwa- 50
ginauEme.
nEma. Wa, la LEqElaso^s ade^stalaxs he^mae ales
gwal LEWElaxa ylx -'mEmx-a ^'maxwa lae ogwaqa-Wa, g-il^mese
laxe tsla^yas nelndamasxa LEWElaxaxa k" '.es^ogulxLa^'yax
^niEmx-a
ha waxe
^maxwa, ylxs laklwemasae n^qa^yas ts'.a^yas qa^s l^Lex
yax^wid'ayases ^nole ^msmx'a -'maxwaxa lelqwaiaLa^ye. Wa, g'il- 55
wiyoLe ts'.a^yasex yax^widayasexa lelqwalaLa^yaxs lae yax'-^mese
stose^mEmx-a ^maxwases k" les^oLanEma LEWElaxa laxes ts!a^ya.
Wa liida LegEin-<r-iHmese ex-stotsa LEWElaxa laxes ts'.a^ya la k-'.es
o-llxLa=ye ytx ^mEmx-a ^maxwa lax ts'.a^yas qaxs kMesae LegEmsa .
^mEmx-a ^maxwa qaxs lex-a^maeda ^nolast'.EgEma^yas 60ts'.a^ye yix
sasEmasa g-ig-Egflma^ye LegadEs.
Wa, g-iPmese gwal yaqweda ts'.a-'yas ^mEmx-a ^maxwaxa lelqwa-
laLa^y'axs lae aedaaqasa LEWElaxa laxes ^nola qaxs k-'.e&sae
gwex"-
1356 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
his elder brother, for he can not keep it. The younger
| brother only
65 borrows the LEWElaxa from his || elder brother ^mEmx'o ^maxwa.
|
The only time when the LEWElaxa, and the family history, and
|
the house, and what is in it, and the privileges, and names, can be
|
given to the younger brother, is when ^mEmx'5 ^maxwa says so when
he is d3"ing, for then the younger brother takes the privileges, and
|
70 the names, || and the family history- of the house, and everything in
it. His tribe can not object to the. last word of ^mEmx'6 ^maxwa,
|
I
if he says so before he dies.
]
But ^mEmx'5 ^maxwa can not give it to his j-ounger brother, if
|
75 he has a child Wawalk'ine; but if Wawalk'ine should die, 1| and
^mEmx'o ^maxwa has no other child from his wife I HamEntsag'i-
layugwa, then ^mEmx'o ^maxwa wUl send away ] his wife HamEn-
tsag'ilayugwa, as the former Indians used to do after the marriage
|
debt had been paid, and if the chUd Wawalk'ine had died.
| ||
80 Then ^mEmx'o ^maxwa married O^mag'iUs, the princess of
|
NEg'adze, head chief of the numaym G'Ig'Elgam of the ^walas
|
Kwa^il. ^mEmx'6 ^maxwa wished to have a child with
| his wife
O^mag'llis; but after ^mEmx'o ^maxwa and his mfe
| O^mag'ihs had
85 been married for seven || winters, they never had a child. Then
^idaas xEkMaaq qaxs a^maeda tsla^ya Lek'&nEmaxa LEWElaxa laxes
65 ^nole ^mEmx'a ^maxwa.
Wa, lex\a^mes lax'dEm laxs xEk' !a laxa LEWElaxa LE^wa mlyam-
balise g'ok" LE^wa g"ex'g'aele laq LE^wa k"!ek"!Es^5 LE^wa lcle-
gEme laxa tsla^j^a qo nek'lEXLa laxe ^mEmx"4 ^maxwaxs lae wawi-
k"!Eq!a qa he^meses tsla^ya helax k'lekMEs^ts LE^wis LeLEgEme
70 LE^wis nuyambalise g"okwa LE^wa ^naxwa g'ex'g'aelEq. Wii, la
k"!e^s gwex'^idaase g'QkOlotas qaqadalax waldEmxLas ^mEmx'S.
•maxwaxs lae ^nek'lEXLaxs lae wawik'lEqla.
Wa, laLa kMeas gwex'^idaas la ^mEmx'a ^maxwas laxes ts!a^yaxs
lE^mae xungwada yls Wawalk'ina^ye. Wa, qo lE^laxe Wawalkina-
75 ^ye, wa la k"!es et!ed xQngwadEx'^ide ^mEmx'^ ^max'wa laxes gEUE-
me HamEntsag"ilayugwa, wa la k'ayawElsa ^mEmx'^ ^maxwaxes
gEnEme HamEntsag'ilayiigwa lax gweg"ilasasa g'ale bak!uma qaxs
la^me gwal qotex'asE^wa. Wa, he^mesexs lae lE^les xQnox"de, ylx
Wawalk"inex"de.
80 Wa, la gEg'adEX'^ide ^mEmx'a ^maxwas 0''mag'ilis, yix k' !edelas
NEg'adze, yixs xamagama^yae g'igamesa ^UE^memotasa G'lg'ilga-
masa ^walas Kwag'ul. Wa, la^me ^mEmx'a ^maxwa wiihiqela qa^s
xiingwadEX'^ide la.xes gEnEme O'mag'ilis. Wa, la aLEbox^unxe
tsiawQnxas hSyasEk'ale ^mEmx"a ^maxwa LE^wis gEnEme O^magihs.
85 Wa, la hewaxaEm laEm xiingwadEX'^Ida. Wa, la^me yax'^ide
BOAS) ADDENDA 1357
*mEmx'5 ^maxwa gave up expecting to have a child with his wife 86
|
O^mag'His. —
|
|
As soon as ^mEmx'o ^maxwa died, his younger brother took all
|
his privileges, and his house, and what was in it; the carved || posts 90
of the house, and all the house dishes, and the carved settee of the
|
first Llaqwag'ila (which has a copper carving in the middle of the
|
seat and a carved eagle at each end of the back support of the seat;
|
that is the family history seat of l laqwag'ila, the prince of ^maxti-
|
yalidze), and the crest box which is carved all over. All this is in 95ll
the house. These were aU taken by the younger brother, for that
|
was the last word of his elder brother, ^niEmx'o ^maxwa, when he
|
died, and his numaym could not disobey the wish of what the dead
|
chief said to his younger brother.
| ||
Sometimes the younger brother marries the widow of his elder 200
brother, if the father-in-law has not paid the marriage debt to the
|
elder brother of the younger brother before (the elder brother)
|
dies. The younger brother marries the widow of the elder brother
|
only when she is a sensible woman. If the widow of the elder
brother is a foolish woman, the younger brother is not allowed by
|
his numaym to marry the woman.
II 5
|
The younger brother just puts away aU the privileges until he
|
gets married to somebody else.
|
^mEmx'& ^maxwa ^nakMala qa^s xungwadEX"^Ide laxes gEnEme 86
O^mag'llis.
Wa, g'il^mese lE^le ^mEmx'a ^maxwa lae he^me tsla^yas la ^wFlo-
LEX k' !ek" !Es^ox"das LE^wis g'okwe LE^wa g"Ix"g"aelaqxa k"!ek'!akwe
LeLamsa g'okwe lo^ ^wPleda loElqQlile LE^wa k" ledzEwakwas tieg'as 90
k'.waats'.esa g'ala Llaqwag'ila, ylxs Llaqwae k'ledzayax nEgEdza-
yasa k!waats!e. Wa, la ^nal^nEmsgEma k'ledz^^ye kwek" lax
^wax'sba^yasa tlex'dEmasa k!waats!e. Wa, heEm nuyambalis
klwaats'.es Llaqwag'ilaxa LawElgama^yas ^maxuyalidze. Wa,
he^misa kMesgEmala k" les^owats !e g'Jldasa, heEm ha^nel laxa 95
g'okwe. Wa, heEm ^wHa la ax^etso^s tsla^yas qaxs lE^mae
'nek' lEXLa^yos ^nolas ylx ^mEmx'a ^maxwaxs lae wawik'lEqla.
Wa, la k'leas gwex'^idaase /nE^memotas Lalegweg'ex waldEmasa
g'lg'ilmaole ^mEmx'^ ^maxwa qaes ts'.a^yax'de.
Wa, la ^nal^uEmplEna kwalosa ts!a'yax gEnEmx"dases ^nolax'de, 200
yixs wisomalae qotex'^Ide nEgumpdasa ^nolax'dasa tsla^yaxs lae
wik'lEx'ida, yixs lex'amae kwalodzatsa ts'.a^yax gEnEmx'dases
'nolax'de ylxs n^gadaeda tslEdaqe. Wa, g'll^mese nEnolowa ts!E-
daqe ylx gEnEmx'dasa ^nolax'de lae k'les helqlolEma ts'.a^yases
^nE'memote gEg'adEsa tslEdaqe. 5
Wa, a^mesa ts'.a^yax'de ^wPla g'exaxa ^naxwa k'!ek'!Es*o lalaa
laxes gEg'adEX'^idEX'dEmLa.
1358 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 36
8 I will say again that all these are not given awayin marriage to the
|
son-in-law of the chief, namely, the family history, privileges, and
10 the names, || and the house, and what is in it. The onty privileges
which are given away in marriage are those obtained in marriage,
|
and the names, and the house obtained in marriage, and what is|
in it, and it goes to him who marries the daughter of the owner of
1
what I talked about; for the privileges given in marriage are those
|
I
obtained by marriage; the privileges, and the house, and what is in
|
15 it; and they go to him who marries the princess. || They only con-
tinually let go from one to the other what is obtained in marriage,
and a man who has married shows once what he obtains in marriage,
I
when he gives away the marriage debt paid by his father-in-law;
|
and after he has finislied dancing, he puts it away and waits for|
his daughter to have a husband, and when his daughter has a|
20 husband, then he gives away the dances || which I have named.
That is the end of this.
|
This is the reason why it is said that the j^ounger brother often
bewitches his elder brother, that he may die quickly, because the|
younger brother wishes to take the seat of his elder brother after|
he dies. That is the end.
|
Domestic Quarrels (to p. 787)
It was seen by me how the deceased Nolis, chief of the numaym ||
25Kukwak!um, of the Q!omoytVye, quarreled with his wife Gaax-
8 Wa, laEmxaEn edzaqwa ^nek'a g"a^staEm k"!es k' les^ogQlxLe laxa
nEgiimpasa g"ig"Ega,ma^ya nuyambalise k'!ek"!Es'a LE^wa LeLEgEme
10 LE^wa g'okwe l6^ g"ex'g'aelaq. Wa, lex'a^mesa kMes^ogulxLa^yaxa
gEg-adanEme k' !es^o LE^wa LegEmas LE^wa g-okulxLa^ye l6-" g'ex'-
g-aelaq laxa la gEg'adEs tslEdaqe xun6x"sa la axnogwadasa alEn
waldEma, qaxs lae k' les^ogQlxLe ^wFlaxa al^me gEg'adanEm kMe-
k'!Es-o LE^wa g"okwe lo^ g'ex"g"aelaq laxa la gEg'adEs k'ledelas.
15 Wa, ax'saEm he gweg"ila lolosEleda gEg'adanEme. Wii, la ^uEmplE-
na^ma gEg-ade bEgwanEm nel^idamasxes gEg-adansme yixs lag yax-
^witsa qotena^yas nEgumpaseq. Wa, giPmese gwal ^ylxwaxs lae
g'exaq. Wii, la^me esEla qa hVwadeses ts'.Edaqe xunokwa. Wii,
giUmese hVwadEx'^ide tslEdaqe xiln6x"s lae ^wPla la k'!ek"!Es^o-
20 gulxLalaxEn lax'de LeLaqElasE^wa. Wa, laEm laba laxeq.
Wa, heEm lag'ilas q!unilla ^nex'so^ eqeda ts'.a^yiixes ^nola qa
hiilabalis lE^la, qaxs ^nek'aeda tsla^ya qa^s he^me Lax"st6dxes «n6la
qo Ie^Ilo. Wa, laEm laba.
Domestic Quarrels
Wa, g'a^mesEn dogQle Nolisole, yix g"Ig&ma^yasa ^nE^memotasa
25 Kiikwak'.flmasa Q!6moy&^ye, yixs eEnae LE^wis gEuEme Gaaxstalas.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1359
stalas. As soon as it was learned that they quarreled, all the 26
]
Kwakiutl went to look at thena, and when the deceased Chief NolisI
saw the many men who came to see them, he stopped quarreling
|
with his wife, and then Nolis spoke and said, " Thank you, Kwakiutl,
|
that you have come || to see how we are quarreling. Now take away I 30
everything in this house and all the roof boards of my house."
|
Thus he said, and immediately all the men took everything inside|
the house and the roof boards, and boxes, the bedding and piUows]
and bed covers, and Nolis and his wife || had only the blankets on 35
their bodies. They went to live in another house. Therefore a man|
and his wife among the Indians are afraid to quarrel. I have seen|
that what I am talking about. That is the end.
|
|
Blood Revenge (to p. 787)
Now I wiU answer what has been asked by you, when you wrote 1
to me on the 2.5th of December. It is difficult what you refer to
I
that I am to answer, for, indeed, the new Kwakiutl speaking peo-
I
ple have changed the ways in which they are doing things from the
I
ways of the early Indians. ||
For the early Indians had no courthouse, they had no judges 5
|
and they had no witnesses. If one who belongs to another numaym
|
Wa, g'll^mese q!ak"as6xs eEnae lae ^wPleda Kwaki1g"ule ho^maq. 26
Wa, g'il^mese g"igamayole, ylx Nolisole dox^waLElaxa qlenEme be-
bEgwanEm la ho^m&q lae gwal eEna LE^wis gEnEme. Wa, la yaqlE-
g'a^le Nolisole, wa, la ^nek'a: "Gelak"as4a Kwakug'ul g'axaaqos
homa g"axEnu^xwaxg"anu^x" eEnek". Weg"a, ^wl^la &x^edxwa ^na- 30
xwax g"ix"g"ael laxwa g'okwex l6^ ^wl^oxda salaxsEn g'okwex,"
^nek'e. Wa, hex'^ida^mesa ^naxwa bebEgwanEm la Sx^edxa ^naxwa
g'ix'g'ael laxa g-ox'^de LE^wis salax'de LE^wa g'ilg'Ildase lo^ ts!ag'ilas
LE^wa qeqenole lo^ memamas. Wa, a^mise la hel^Enale Nolisolaxes
^nEx^una^ye LE^wis gEnsme. Wa, a^mise lax'da^x" kwakflls laxa 35
ogu^la g"okwa. Wa, he^mis lag'ilasa bak'.ume k'ilEla eEna bEgwa-
mEm LE^wis gEnEme. Wa, laEmxaEn doqfllaxgin gwagwex's^ala-
sEk". Wa, laEm laba.
Blood Eevenge
La^mEn et'.edEl na^naxmexes wtiLasE^wosaxs laexkMatled g'axEn- 1
Laxa sEk" !axsag&la ^nalasa qIaxEla, yixs laxwalaes gWE^yos qEn
na^naxmesE^wa qaxs ala^mek" la ogwax"^idg'ada alEk" Kwakwak'E-
wak" gwayi^lalas lax gwayi^lasasa gilx'de bak !uma.
Wa, he^maeda g'ale bak'.uma ylxs kMeasae dadElet'.atsIa. Wa, 5
laxae k'!e&,s dadElet!aenoxwa. Wa, laxae kMeas q!eq!alak"!ala.
Wa, g'il^maeda g'ayole laxa ogQ^la ^nE^memot k* !elax*i^dxa wax"'Em
1360 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [bth. ANN. 35
8 kills even a common man belonging to another numaym, then after|
a short time, they have a meeting.
| ||
10 Let me say, for example, that there was YiiqoLElasEm, chief of
the numaym G'exsEm of the Q!omoya^ye. Msled killed him \ and
!
Mfiled belonged to the numa3'm Yaex'agEme^ of the Q.'omoya^ye.
|
YaqoLElasEm had for his mother, Gwek'i^lak". Nobody knew
|
15 where MEled had gone. Then || it occurred to Gwek"i*lak" to invite
the G'exsEm, the numaym of her \ dead son, and as soon as the whole
numaym G'exsEm had come in, Gwek'i^lak" spoke and said,
j
"Come numaym, G"exsEm, you who have no chief, for • your head
j
20 has been taken ofT, G'exsEm, and your numaym is disgraced || by the
numaym Yaex'agEme*, and the disgrace will not be ended for the
j
coming generations of the G'exsEm. Now, is it well in your minds
[
that you do not kill in return, that the other one may die who killed
|
your chief?" Thus she said to the numaym G'exsEm. Then
— |Chief GwE3^Emdze, for he was the second chief after YaqoLElasEm ||
25 in the numaym G'exsEm,—spoke and said: "Listen to the word of|
my aunt, about what has been done to our head chief YaqoLE-|
lasEm. Now we are disgraced, for we have disgraced the future
|
generations of the numaym G'exsEm. Now all of j'ou act, you,
[
numaym G'exsEm. I mean all you warriors and young men. || You
8 asm bEgwanEmqlalaEmsa ogu^ladzas ^nE^memota, wa la yawas^id
k!wax"^ideda.
10 Weg'ax'ln ^nex'dEmanux"s YaqoLalasEmaoIaxa g'lgSma^yasa
^UE^memotasa G'exsEmasaQ'.omoya^ye, wa, la kMelax'^ide Msledola,
ylxs ^nE^memodadae MEledolasa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEma^yasa
Qlomoya^ye. Wa, la abayade YaqoLElasEmaolas Gwek'i^akwole.
Wa, laEm k"!eas q'.aLElax gwagwaagasas MEledole. Wa, la^me
15 Gwek-i4akwole g-ig-ax^ed qa^s Le4alexa G'exsEm, ylx ^nE^memotases
xunox"de. Wa, g'il^mese g'ax ^wPlacLe ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm lae
he^me Gwek'i^lakwole yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Wa, gelag-a
^nE^memot G'exsEm, yoLaxs laex q!Ek"oma qaes ogumex'daos la^me
lawiiyes x'omsdaos G'exsEm. LaEms q!a.ma4axes ^uE^memaenaos
20 laxa ^uE^memotasa Yaex'agEma-'yexa k' !esLa labaenoxL q Iftmases e1-
^nakijlaLaos ^UE^memots G'exsEm. Wa, lE^mae ek' laxes ne«n§,-
qayos, la^mas k'les kwakwexalaLa qa ogwaqes lE^la kwex^idaxes
g'lgSmex'daos," ^nek'exa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm. Wa, la yaqlEg'a-
^leda g'Igamaolae G'WEyimdzeole, qaxs he^mae mak'ilax YaqoLE-
25 lasEmaola laxa ^uE^memotasa G'exsEm. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg'a
boLelax waldEmasEns Snese qa gwex'^idaasaxEus ogumex'dae Ya-
qSLElasEmex'da. La^mEns q!amag-ilas6^ qEns qlftma^ya LE^wa
El^nakulaLa ^uE^memotsa G'exsEm. Wa, wag'Il la ^naxwa Emlqe, yuL,
^nE^memots G'exsEm, ^naxwa^mEn ^nek'OL babakwa LE^wQns ealos-
BOAS] ADDENDA • 1361
shall hide (under your clothing) knives and stab MEled as soon as 31
|
you see him, that we may wash off with blood the disgrace which
|
he brought on us; and if you do not see him, then kill his elder
|
brother Lalep !a^las." Thus he said. After he had finished his
|
speech, they went out of the house of || YiiqoLElasEm, and from that 35
time on, the G'exsEm all kept their knives ready and hid small
|
axes. MEled always kept the door of his house bolted.
|
|
Now they knew that YaqoLElasEm had been killed, and | all the
tribes knew that he liad been killed by MEled. || Then the chiefs of 40
the tribes all pitied Gwek'i^lak", and therefore the warriors of the
|
tribes watched for MEled to kill him, when they should see him.j
|
However, he was seen at Dzawade, and immediately Gwa^wina
\
shot him. Then Meled was dead. Gwa^wina was a warrior || of 45
the Qlamcj lamtfila}, a numaym of the DEnax'da^x". I Then Gwek'i-
^lak" paid Gwa^wina a slave for shooting MEled.
|
|
It was wrong what was done by Gwek'i^lak", when she paid a
|
slave to Gwa^wina, when he had shot MEled; and it is a || disgrace to 50
the numaym G'exsEm, for the one who shot Msled did not belong
to the numaym G'exsEm. The numaym G'exsEm was beaten by
|
tax. LaEms ^naxwaEmL q'.walaLElalxa kMawayo qa^s hex'^ida^maos 31
tslEx^widEX MEledaxs g'alae dox^waLElaq qEns tsloxodes Elkwas
laxEns qiama^ye laq. Wa, gil^EmlwisEns kMes dSx^waLElalqe la^me-
sEns hel k" lelax'^ItsoLe ^nolasexox Lalep'.alasex," ^nex'^lae. Wa,
gil^mese gwiile waldEmas lae ^wPla lahoquwEls laxa g'okwas Yaqo-
LElasEme. Wa, he^mis g'agiLElatsa G'exsEme ^wi4a la gwagwalalasa 35
k" lawa^yo LE^wa q'.walaLElaxa sayobEme. Wa, la^me asm la hemE-
nalaEm la LEneg'Ekwe tiEX'Ilas g'okwas MEledole.
Wa, la^me q'.ala la kMelag"Ekwe Yaq5LElasEmaole. Wa, la^me
^ziaxwa qlaleda leElqwalaLa^yacjexs k' lelag'Ekwaas MEled5lc. Wa,
laEm ^naxwa wase g'Ig"Egama^yasa leElqwalaEa^yas Gwek'i^akwe. 40
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas ^naxwa^ma bababaklwasa leElqwalaLa^ye helex
MEledoie cpx^s hex'^ida k" lelax'^IdEq qo dox^waLElaLEq.
Wa, he^latUi dox^waLEle Dzawade. Wa, hex'^ida^mese Gwa^wina
hanHdEq. Wii, la^me Ie^Ic MEledEX'de laxeq yixs babaklwae
Gwa^wina yisa Q !amq '..tmtElalasa ^nE^memotasa DEnax'da^x". Wa, 45
la^me xunkwe Gwek"i4akwasa q!ak"6 lax Gwa^wina c[aes laena^ye
hSnl^IdEx MEledEX'de.
Wa, la^me odzaxa gwex'^idaasas Gwek'i^akwolaxs lae xiinkwasa
q!ak"o lax Gwa^wina qaxs lae hani'IclEx MEledoie. Wit, laEm q!a-
mesaEmsa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm qaxs k' !esae he g'ayola ^nE^me- 50
motasa G'exsEme hanl^Idax MEledoie. Wii, la^me yak'&we ^nE^me-
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 37
1362 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL iKiii. ass. :ir,
52 the numaym Yaex"agEme^, and it is a disgrace to the name of the[ |
numaym G'exsEm, after that.
|
55 Now if Mfiled had paid a copper, or if he had paid his || daughter
to marry the elder brother of the one whom he had shot, then the
|
numaym YaexagEme^ would have been disgraced, because he
paid in order not to be killed in return and so as not to die also.
]
|
Therefore, when a man kills his fellowman, he does not often pay
|
60 for it, for he thinks that when he gets a child, || the child wiU be dis-
graced, if he had paid off in order not to be killed, and only those|
pay ofT who are weak minded.
|
If another man of the numaym G'exsEm had kiUed MEled, then
|
there would be no disgrace to the numaym G'exsEm, and all the
|
65 men would have stopped talking || about it, because only MEled of|
the numaym Yaex'agEme^ would have died.
]
MEled was a common man, and YiiqoLElasEm was the head chief
|
of the numaym G'exsEm, and they paid a slave to Gwa^wina for|
70 shooting Msled: so there were two, YaqoLElasEin and a slave outll
of the numaym G'exsEm, antl therefore the numaym G'exsEm
| ]
was disgraced. I
52 motasa G'exsEme lax ^nE^memotasa YaexagEma^ye. Wit, la^me
q !a,mes LegEmas ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm laxeq.
Wa, he^maa qo xunkwa MEledSlasa L'.aqwa loxs xunkwaases
55 tslEdaqe xiinok" qa las la^wadEs ^noliises hanl^etsE^we, lalaxa ^nE-
^memotasa Yaex-agEma^ye helax q!ama^lalax qaxs lae xunkwa qa^s
k" !ese kwakwexalaso^ qa^s lE^le ogwaqa.
Wa, he^mis lag'ilas k"!es qlunala xiinkweda bEgwanEmaxs k" !e-
lax'^Idaaxes bExute qaxs g'Ig'aeqElae qo xuugwadEx'^idlaxo lalaxe
60 q'.amrdalaxe xiinokwasexs xtinkwae qa^s kMese k" lelax'^ItsE^wa. Wii,
lex'a^mes xunkweda wiiLlEmasas naqa^ye.
Wa, he^maa qo wax'^Em laxsdeda 5gu^la bEgwansm g'a^yol laxa
^nE^memotasa G'exsEm k' lelax'^idEx MElede lalaxsde k'leas q la-
mesa ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm. Wa, laEm aEmlaxsd qlwel^ida^yo
65 laxeq ylsa ^naxwa bEgwanEma, qaxs ^nEmox"^mae lE^e MEledole
laxa ^nE^memotasa Yaex'agEma^ye.
Wa, laxae bEgwauEmq lalEme MEledole, wa, la xamagEme g'i-
gamae Yaq5EElasEmaolases ^nE^memota G'exsEm. Wa, la xiingu-
ma qlak'6 lax Gwa^wina qaxs lae hunl^IdEx MEledole. Wa, laEm
70 ma^lokwe YaqoLElasEmaole LE-wa q!ak'o g'iig'ilil laxa ^nE^memo-
tasa G'exsEm. Wii, he^mise lag'ilas heEm qlfimaleda ^laE^memotasa
G'exsEm. Wa, laEm laba.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1363
War Against thk Sanetch (to p. 787)'
NEqaplEnk'Em decided that his tribe should kill on account of the 1
death of his relatives.^
|
I will fii-st talk about (the time) when the news came to NEqap !-
|
Enk'Em about his sister LElelElgawe, and her daughter K' !ox"-
|
se^stili^lak", and her father Qlomoxs^ala, brought by the Kwag'ui 5
||
when they arrived on the beacli, coming from Victoria.
|
Then the one who told the story said that the}' did not know how
|
Qlomoxs^ala and his wife and his princess had died. They might
have been killed by capsizing, or they might have died of drink,
]
for they had much whiskey which had been bought by Q !6moxs^ala|
at Victoria, the night when they started. Thus said the one who 10
||
brought the news.
|
And when the one who brought the news stopped speaking,
|
NEqap lEnk'Em at once went out of the house of the one who had told
the news, and went in to his own house and told his nephew Ham-
|
dzid to clear the house; and after Hamdzid had cleared thehouse,
| ||
NEqaplEnk'Em spoke again to Hamdzid and asked him to go into 15
|
the woods and break off the best kind of hemlocl\ branches, many
of them. As soon as Hamdzid had gone out, NEqaplEnk'Em sent
|
his brotlior Ts lagEyos to go cjuickly and call the ancestors of the
|
Kwag'ui to come into his house. The one who' had been sent went
|
'War Against the Sanetch
Dadalet'.a NEqap '.Enk'Einxes g'okulot qa nedzapele. 1
Wa,he^mEn g'll gwagwex's-alasLExs g'axae ts!Ek' !aI^etsE^we NEqa-
plEuk'Emolases wuqiolae LElil^Elga^we LE^wis tslEdaqe xfmokwe
K' !ox"se-stelJ=iakwule LE^wis ompwule Qlomox's^alaole yisa g'ax-
^alise Kwag'ui g'ax'^id laxa Ts'.a^mase. 5
Wit, la^me niek'eda tslEk'lalEliiqexs k"!esae q!ale g'a^j^a-
^lasas Q!omox's^ala6le LE^wis gEiiEmole EE^wis k'ledelde lo^ k!ela-
g'Ek" Lo^ qaballsEin Lo^ ^'nagalisEin cjaxs q'.eiiEmaeda iiEnqlema k'il-
^wanEms Q'.oraox's^alaole laxa Ts!a^mase, yix ganoLases L&Lax^ax"-
dEine, ^nex'^laeda ts!Ek"!alEla. 10
Wii, gil^mese q'.wel^ideda ts'.EkMalEla laase ilEin hex'^ida^me NE-
qap lEnk'Eniole la^wEls laxa g'okwasa ts!Ek"!alElaq qa^s la laei. laxes
g'okwe qa^s axk' lalexes Lole^ye Hamdzidole qa ekwalilesex g'okwas.
Wa, g'il'mese gwal ekwa Hamdzidolaxa g'okwe lae edzaqwa yiiq'.E-
g'a^le NEqap lEiik'Emolax Hamdzidole. Wii, la^me axk" !iilaq qa las 15
laxa aLle qa L'.Eqwiisex ekMa q'.wax qa qleiiEmese. Wii, g'il^mese
lawElse Hamdzldolaxs lae NEqap !Enk'Emol ^jallaqases ^nEinwEyot-
wiilae Ts!agEy6swule qa liis hii^labala Lex'LElsaxa g'iilii Kwag'ui qa
g'axes ^wPla liogwiL liixg'okwas. Wii, hex'^ida^mese liida ^yiilagEme
' This happened in 1865. ' Literally: " To pull under."
1364 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ann. 35
20 at once und || called all the full-grown men, the ancestors of the
|
Kwag'ul.
I
At once all the fuU-growii men came into the house, for, indeed,
|
NEqaplEnk'Em was really feared by his tribe. As soon as all those
|
2.5 who had been called had come in, Hamdzid || came into the house,
carrying many hemlock branches which he put down in front of
|
the place where NEqaplEnk'Em was sitting. Then NEcjaplEnk'Em
|
arose and spoke to his tribe, the Kwag'ul, and said, "Do I not wish
|
you to come and listen to the way my mind is on account of the news
|
that arrived at our beach in regard to what has been done by my
||
30 brother-in-law, Q !omoxs^ala, and my sister, LElelslgawe, and my|
niece, K' !ox"se'stili-'lak". Now I will ask you tribes who shall
|
wail. Shall I do it or some one else?" Thus he said, as he tried to
|
take hold of the body ' of his tribe.
|
35 Immediately, a warrior, whose name was H6x"hox"dze, || rephed
to the speech of NEqaplEnk'Em. He said, "Do not j-ou wail,
|
Chief, let someone else wail among the tribes. Now put up the
|
cedar pole." Thus he said.
|
Then Hamdzid took a cedar pole that had ah-eady been sharpened
40 at the end, one fathom in length, and four fingers in || thickness.|
He drove it into the floor as a holder for the hemlock wreath which
20 qa^s la Lex"LElsaxa ^naxwa e&.lak"!En bebEgwanEmsa g'alasa
Kwag'ul.
Wii, a^mise hex'^idaEm g'ax ^wi^la hSgwcLa ealakMEn bebEgwa-
nEma qiiLaxs alak'Ialae k'ilEme NEqap!Enk"Emoiases g"6kul6te.
Wa, gil^mese g'ax ^wFlaeLeda LexXEldzanEme g'axaase H&mdzi-
25 dole g"axeLa laxa g'okwe gEmxalaxa q!enEme qlwaxa qa^s gEmx-
^aliles lax Llas^alilas klwae^lasas NEqap'.Enk'Emole. Wa, la^me Lax-
^walile NEqap !Enk"Em6le qa^s ^yaqlEg'a^lexes g'okiilota Kwag'ule.
Wa, lii ^nek'a: "EsaeLEn aEm ^nek" qa^s g'axaos hoi.elax gwalaa-
sasg'En naqek' qaox ts!EkMalEmaxsa g'ax^alisex qa gwex'^idaasasEn
30 qlulesdae Q!omox's^alax'da le^weh wuq!wax-dae LElIl-'Elga^wex-^da.
Wit, he^mesEn Lo^egasdae K"!5x"se«steli^lak"da. Wii, la^mesEn
wuLaLol, g'olg'iikulot, angweda q!wasaLa lo^ nogwaEnil lo^ ogula-
Eml," ^nex"4aexs lae dadaletlaxes g"6kul6te.
Wa, hex'-ida^mesa biibak!waxa LegadEs Hox"hox"dze na^nax-
35 ^mex willdEmas NEqap'.Enk'Emole. Wa, lii ^nek'a: "Gwala so
qlwasax g'lgame^, ogu^la^max"! qlwasa laxwa lallaqalax. Wa, weg'a
Lag'alilas klwaxLiiwa," ^nek'e.
Wa, lii Hamdzidole ax^eilxa gwa^lile dzodzox"baak" k!waxLa-waxa
-nEmp'.Enk'as ^wasgEmase laxEns biiLax; wii, lii modEnx'sawe ^wii-
40 g'idasas. Wa, la dex^walilasa qEX'pIeqLasa q'.waxe wulk'Elaltsa
1 In modern usage this word means "to judge."
BOAS] ADDENDA 1365
was to be used by the warriors. As soon as it had been driven in, 41
| |
two warriors of the ^walas Kwag'ul came in; the one was named
|
GwaxwaLKylg'ihs, the other one was named K ilEm, for these were
|
their warrior names, and each carried a !! wreath of hemlock branches. 45
Then GwaxwaLEylg'ihs spoke and said, "O! friend Y—ag'is,"—for|that was the warrior name of NEqap lEnk'Em, Yag'is "We came
|
here, I and our friend K ilEm, to ask you to go to war that some
|
one else maj^ wail on account of our past sister. This is one skull
|
now. It shall be hung up || on this post on the floor, the keeper of 50
my promise." Thus he said and put it on the post on the floor.
| |
As soon as he had finished, he said, "Very hungry for men is this
|
great raven," and as soon as his speech was at an end, K'ilEm|
spoke and said, "I will sit in front of the steersman of your war 55||
canoe, friend Yag'is. I am not at all afraid of this new world."
[
Thus he said and put the wreath of hemlock on the post on the floor.
|
"This I obtained in war, one skull, which I put upon the post on
|
the floor, that keeps my promise." Thus said K'llEm.
|
As soon as his speech was at an end, Llax'Elag'ilis spoke. || This 60
was the name of a warrior of the numaym Maamtag'ila. He said,
|
"I want to eat men, real hungry for men is this great cannibal."
|
Thus he said and took the hemlock branch and hung it on top of|
bababaklwa. Wii, he^mis tiles gwal deqwasE^wa g'axaas hogwiLa 41
ma^Iokwe bababaklwasa ^walas Kwag^ulxa Legadeda ^nEmokwas
GwaxwaLE3ng'llis; wa, la, Legadeda ^nEmokwas KilEm qaxs he^mae
bababak!waxLay6se. Wa, la^me q IwalxEWEnkulaxa -'nal^nEme
wElg'Ek" q'.waxa. Wa, la yaqlEg'a^le GwaxwaLEyigilis. Wii, la 45
^neka: " ^ya, qast, Yag'is,"—heEm babak'.waxLa^yos NEqap'.En-
k'Eme Yag'is,—g'axEnu^x," Loguns ^nEmoktik', ylxg'a K'llEmk'
hawlnalol qa ogu4a^meLes qlwasaLa qaEus wuqlwax'da. Wa, .
g'a-'me qagEk"gwa ^nEmsgEmk'. Wa, la^mesEk' lal qEX'^a,LEl^i
laxwi>, Laetexwa Matslaxsa waldEm," ^nek'Exs lae qEX'Etots laxa 50
Laele.
Wa, g'il^mese gwala la ^nek'a, " Lomak' la posqlax bEgwanEma-
eg"ada ^walasEk" gwa^wina." Wa, g'll^mese labe waldEmas lae
yaq'.Eg'a^le K'llEm, wii, lii ^nek'a, "LaLEn k'.wastE^welExsL laxes
wFnatsIeLaos qiist, Yag'is. XEULEladzEn k'!es k'llEmxwa iilex 55
niala," ^nek'Exs lae qEX'Etotsa wulg-skwe q!wax laxa Laele. "Wii,
he^mEn wi-nanEma ^nEmsgEm qag'Ekwa Ieii qEX'^aLEla laxwa
Laelexwa a^lats!iixsa wiildEme," ^nek'e KilEm.
Wa, gil^mese qlfllbe waldEmas lae yaqlEg'a^ie Llax'Elag'ilis, qaxs
he^mae biibaklwaxLayas babaklwiisa ^nE-'memotasa Maamtag'ila. 60
Wa, lii ^nek'a: "Biix"bak!wexsai' laEmk' iila posqlax bEgwanEmai'
g-ada ^walasEk^ hamatsla," ^nek'Exs lae ax-edxa qlwaxe qa^s lii
'
1366 KTHNOLOCY OF THE KWAKIUTL, Ieth. ann. 35
63 the post on the floor which held the wreath of hemlock branches, and
he said, "This is one skull which I shall get when we go to war."
|
65 Thus he said and || sat down.
|
Then NEqaplEnk'Eni arose and thanked the warriors for what
|
they had said: "I mean _you shall go and put the wreath of hemlock
|
branches on this post on the floor, the one that keeps our promises,"
|
70 and he requested Ilamdzid to make two wreaths || of hemlock
branches. Hamdzid quickly made the two wreathes and as soon
|
as he had done so, he gave them to Yag'is, for that was tlie warrior
|
name of NECiap lEnk'Em. He took them and cried out 'Weehe!"
|
for Yag'is's dance was the fool dance, and he said: "These two are
|
75 my skulls which I pull under ni}^ sister and my niece." Thus lie||
said and put them on the cedar post which stood on the floor.
|
Then Yag'is stopped speaking after this.
|
Then all the common men arose in turn and said, "We shall be
|
the crew of Yag'is and your friends." Thus said the men, one
|
by one. Il
80 As soon as they had finished, Chief Q!5mogwa arose and spoke
|
He said: "Thank you for what you have said, tribe, go now and
|
call the warrior women to come also, in order that they may know
|
what they themselves have to do when we go away to make war, '
|
63 gexwatots laxa Laele qEpIeqsa wulg'Ekwe qlwaxa. Wa, lil ^nek'a:
"nEmsgEmg'in qag"Ekuk' laxEus winaeneLe," ^nek'Exs lae k!wa-
65 g'a'llla.
Wa, la^me Lax'uhle NEqap'.Enk'Emole qa^s monies waldsmasa
bababak'.wa "qag'ui ^ne^nak'ilEk' qaxs laaqos f[EX'^aLElodalasg'ada
wfilg'Ekiik' qlwax hlxg'ada LaelEk', yixg'ada a4ats!axsa waldEm.
Wii, la axkMalax Hamtlzidole qa wulg-Ekwelesex ma^la wiilg'Ek"
70 q!waxa. Wa, la Hamdzidofe ha^nakwelaxs lae wiilg'Eky^elaxa
ma^le wulg'Ek" cjlwaxa. Wii, gil'mese gwale axa^yas lae ts!as lax
Yag'is qaxs he^mae biibaklwaxLayos XEqap!Enk"Emole. Wii, la
dax-^idqexs lae xwak'.ug'a^l weehexa qa^s liidEnokwae Yag'isasa
nolEmala. Wa, lii ^nek'a: "G'a^niEn qiig'Ex^LEg'ada ma^ltsEm qa
75 nedzabEmsEu wiiqlwax'dii LE^wun Lo4egasdii," ^nek'Exs lae qEX'^a-
LElots liixa Laele klwaxLa^wa. Wa, laEm q!wel-ide Yag'is laxeq.
Wii, la-'me LliiL'.ayogwa^lIlEla Lilx-ulrlEleda ^naxwa bebEgwa-
nEmq'.illama qa^s ^nek'e, "LfiLEn k'.wemLos Yiig'is le^wos ^ne-'nE-
mokwaqos," ^nek'eda bebEgwanEme laxes ^niil^nEmok!ilmk"aena^ye.
80 Wii, g'iPmese gwala laase Lax^ullleda g'igiimaolii^ye Q!omo-
gwaole. Wii, la yiiqlEg'a^la; wa, lii ^nek'a, " Wii, gelak"as4ax'os
waklEmex, g'okiilot. Wa, hag'ax'i Le^lalasE^weda wPwi^naxsEma
ts!edaqa qa g"iix4ag'ise 5gwaqa qa q!iilesexes qESLaq gweg'i^asLE
qEnso laf g'iilal liixEns winasoLa," ^nek'e. "Wa, he^mis qa gwalE-
BOAS] ADDENDA 1367
(thus he said) "and that they may be ready || to carry the breath- 85
receptacle kelp." Thus he said, and sent out Hamdzid. H^mdzid
|
did not stay away long when the wives of the warriors and the
|
wives of the crew of those who were going to war came in. As soon
|
as the women came in, Q!omogwa said: "Do not laugh. Just keep
|
in mind the breath of your husbands, || when they cut off the heads 90
of the men whom they get in war." Thus he said. In this way the
|
women came into the house in which they were talking about the
war. They sat down at the right-hand side and the men were
|
I
seated in the rear end. Not one of the women laughed as they came
|
into the house, and while they were sitting down. || Each carried in 95
one hand a dried kelp stem. As soon as all were sitting down.
|
Chief Q!5mogwa spoke again and said: "Thank you, warrior
I
women. You have done well to come at once, for this is the custom
|
followed in war that nobody is called twice. Come, now, and give
|
the kelp stems to your || husbands, that they may blow into them." lOO
Thus he said, and sat down.
|
Then all the warrior women arose and gave each her stem of
|
kelp to her husband, and when their husbands had taken the kelp
|
stems, they went back again and sat down at the place where they
had been sitting. Then, at the same time, all the men blew into the
|
kelp stems, || and when they stopped blowing, the stems were really 5
la^mese dalaxa hasayaatsle ^wa^wada," ^uek'Exs lae ^yalaqas Ham- §5
dzidole. Wii, k'lest'.a gala Htlmdzidolaxs g"axae hogwek'Elaxa
gEgEUEmasa bababak!wa lo^ gEgEUEniasa k!wemLasa winaLe. Wa,
g"il^mese g'ax hogweLEleda ts'.edaqe lae Qlomogwaole ^nek'a:
"Gwa^no dal^ednokw5; a^ma g'lg'aeqElax }awits!eneLases lela^wu-
nEmos qo lal qEk'alxes wFniinEmLa bEgwauEml," ^nek'e. Wii, 90
he^mise gwiileda tsledaqaxs g'axae hogwiLEla laxa wawinxa^lats !e
g"okwa, qa^s k'.was^alilEle laxa helk' lodEnegwitas qaxs hiiaLai
kludzeleda bebEgwauEma ogwiwa^llte. Wii, la^me kMeas ^uEniok"
dill^itsa tsledaqaxs g'iixae hogwiLEla loxs lae klus^iilila. Wii,
la^me ^naxwaEm dak" !6talaxa ^niil^uEme lE^mok" ^wa^wadii. Wii 95
g'iPmese ^wFla k!us^<aliia laase edzaqwa yiiq!Eg'a^leda g'lgiimaolae
Q!omogwaole. Wii, lii ^nek'a: "Gelak'as^la wPwinaxsEm. Wii,
laEins helaxaxs heg"alilaex g'ilxa qaxs yu^mae aek'ilasosa wina qa
kMeses ma^lp!Ena Le^alasE^wa. Wii,gelag'a, tslasa ^wii^wadexliixos
lelii^wunEmaqos qa pox"ts!odesoxwaq"," ^nek'Exs lae klwag'allla. loO
Wii, lii Lax^ulil ^nijxweda wPwInaxsEme qa^s lii ts!&sa ^nal^nEme
^wa^wade lilxes lela^wunEme. Wii, gll^mese diix'^ide lelii^wilnE-
masexa ^wii^wadiixs g'iixae et!ed klus^iilll liixes g'llx'de kliidze^lasa.
Wii, la^me ^uEmiig-ilHeda bebEgwanEme pox"ts!alaxa -'wii-'wade.
Wa, al^mese gwal pox^ts lalaqexs lae alak'Iala la ELlEk'a. Wa, la 5
1368 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. anx. M
6 tight. They tied the months of the kelp stems, all at the same
|
time, so that the breath should not leak through. After thej^ had
|
done so, they all at the same time took the round head of the kelp
stem, squeezed it so that the breath inside should be pressed to one
I
end at the mouth of the kelp, and when the round end of the kelp
|
10 stem was flat, they twisted it going towards the mouth of the kelp||
stem, and when the twisting reached the middle of the length of the
|
kelp stem, they tied it firmly so that the air should not leak through.
|
And after they had done so, they turned to the thin end of the kelp
|
stem and they twisted it so as to bring the air together in the middle
|
1 5 of the kelp stem, and when it was five spans long || where the air was
brought together, they took a strap of raw hide and tied it where
|
they stopped twisting, and after tying it, the}- cut it off from the
|
place where it was tied, four finger widths long. After they had cut
|
off the ends, they bent it into a ring and tied the ends together.
|
20 Now it was a neck ring, and after they had finished the || breath-
holding kelp neck ring, the warriors and their crew put them on
|
their necks.
|
Then Q lomogwa arose and spoke. He spoke and said: "Now
|
take care, warrior women. When you stay at home, rub your
|
bodies all the time with hemlock branches, in the morning and in the
25 evening, || as long as we are away, and take care of this which is
|
the breath of your husbands. It will be put round j'our necks
|
6 -nEmagilllExs hie mogiixstEndEX awaxsta^yas cja k'esese hatsala.
Wa, g'il^mese gwaia lae ^uEmax'^kl tlax'^IdEx poguxLa^yasa 'wa^wade
qa^s q'.wes^Ideq qa la^s EnxbEndeda hasetslawas laxa awaxsta^yas.
Wil, g"il-mese la pExsEma p5guxLa^yasa ^wa^wadiixs lae sElpIedEq
10 gwa^yolEla lax awaxsta^yasa ^wa^wade. Wii, g'il^mese lag'ae sEl])a-
^yas laxa nEg5ya^yas ^wasgEmasasa ^wa^wade lae aalaxs lae yll^idEq
qa k'leses hatsala. Wa, g'll^mese gwala lae xweMdxa ^WiVwade
laxes ^wllba^ye. Wii, laxae sElp!edEq qa lasa hasa-ye q !ap le^nakula
laxa nEgoya^yasa ^wa^wade. Wa, g'iPmese sEk"!ap!Enk'e ^wasgE-
15 masasa la q!ap!Eyatsa hasa^yaxs lae ax'edxa k' !Elx'Iwakwe qa^s
yiHkles lax 'walalaasases sElpa^ye. Wii, giPmese gwiii yiLaq lae
t'.osodxa modEne laxEns q!wfiq!wax'ts!ana^yex g'iigiLEla liixa
yiLa^ye. Wa, g"tl^mese t!osEwakwe oba^yase lae wax"ts!ag'i^laq.
Wa, liixae yaLodEx oba^yas. Wii, la^me qEnxawa^ya. Wii, gil-
10 ^mese gwala hasayaatsle ^wa^wadek" '.En qEnxawa^ya lae ^naxwa^ma
biibabak'.wa EE^wis k!weme qEnxots.
Wa, la Liix-'illile Q'.dmogwaole. Wa, lii yaq!Eg'a-la. Wii, lii
^nek'a: " Wa, g'ffla yaL!aLEx yoL wPwInaxsEm, qaso iimlex''Lo qaxs
liemEnala^meLa q5s q!wiixetasa qlwiixaxa gegaala LE^wa dzadzEqwa
25 liix WilwasiilaasLa-'nu.x" qag'ada hllg'os aaxsPla.x"LEg"ada lak' g'lts'.E-
-watsg'a haseg"asg"as lela^wtinEmg'os qag"o lal qEx'odzEml lax"-
Bi'As] ADDENDA 1369
when we go and sit down in our war canoes. Then you shall all come 28
|
down to the beach wearing your belts. You shall go to the place
|
where the war canoes are || and there you shall take off the breath- 30
holding kelp neck rings of your husbands, and put them round your
|
necks. Then you shall wear them round your necks going up the
|
beach and do not look back at us when we paddle away; and when
|
you go into your houses, take off the breath-holding kelp stems and
|
hang them up at the head ends || of your beds and never touch them 35
again while we are away, and as soon as one of them bursts, you will
|
know that one of us is killed, he to whom the kelp belongs in which his
|
breath is, and which burst; and also I say that we will go quickly;
|
for I wish to start to-morrow morning, so that the tribes may not
|
know that we are going to war." || Thus he said and told the crew of 40
warriors to go ahead and to lift two canoes from the beach, then to
|
put crosspieces under them; to burn the bottoms and to rub off
|
the charcoal. "And after rubbing it off with old mats, take tallow,
|
rub it on to the height of the water line at the bottom of the canoes.
|
Now go out of the house!" said he, andII they all went out of the 45
house in which the secret meeting about the war was being held.
|
|
Then the crew did what they had been told to do to the canoes,
|
and it was not yet evening when they finished. Then they put thin,
|
da^xoL qEnu^x" lal ^wPlal k Iwadzaxsalal laxEnu^x" wPnatsIeLex xwa- 27
k'.una. Wa, g"axLEs ^wi^lamalal yaeltsEmalal hoqunts'.es laxa
LlEma^ise qa^s laos he^nakula laxEnu^x" ha^nedzasasEnu^x" wPnats!e
xwak!una. Wa, he^mis lal axo^daasltsos lela-wunEmaqosaxwa hasa- 30
yaats !ex ^wa^wada qa^s qeqEnxodalesox lax'da^xoL. Wa, g'll^mets
^wi=la la qeqEnxEwakwa g'axaaqds dzElx^usdesa k"es mElexLa g'axE-
nu^xwaxg'anu^x" lax' sex^wida. Wa, g"il^mets hogwiL laxes g'ig'o-
kos laaqos qEX"6dxwa hasayaats'.ex ^wa^wada qa^s gex^walilaSsaq
lax ogwaxta^yases ku^le4as6s. Wa, hewaxa^mets et!ed Laba^aq"- 35
XEnu^x" ^wa^wasalaase. Wa, g'il^mesox kwax'^ida la^s qlalaxg'anu^x"
la^mek lE^lnuk" yis hasenukwasa g"Its!awaxa kwax'^Ide ^wa^wada.
Wa, he^meq laxEns yasyaxwamolt laena^ye qaxg'ln ^nek'ek" qEnu^x
LExa^meLEx lEnsLa qa wlsomaleso^ q'.aloxda lelqwalaLa^yaxgins
wineLEk"," ^nek'Exs lag waxElaxa klwenlLasa bababak'.wa qa lalag"is 40
wJg'a^isaxa ma^ts'.aqe xwaxwaklilna qa gegebalises qa tsenapeseq;
wa, he^mis qa xulx^sEmdeseq. "Wa, gil^mets gwal xiilqwasa
k"!ak'obane lax osgEma^yas las ax^edxa yasEkwe qa^s yasEx^wi-
daosaxa ^walalaasa t'.Epala lax awaba^yasa xwaxwak!una. Wa,
weg'a hoquwElsEX," ^nek'e. Wa, la^me ^wi^la hoqiiwElsa k!wal qaes 45
winaeneLe.
Wa, la^me aEm nEgEltayeda k!wcmax gwE^yo qa gweg'i^latsexa
xwaxwak'.una. Wa, k"!es^mese dzaqwaxs lae gwala. Wii, la pag'a-
1370 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL linii. ANN. 35
50 short, bottom boards into them, not many, for || war canoes are not
leaky. Now they were ready on the beach, and when they finished|
the work, they went back into the woods and rubbed their bodies|
with hemlock branches. They purified themselves for a little while;
and as soon as it was late in the night, they all, with their wives,
|
went to bathe in the river; and after they had done so, they went|
55 home to their houses. Then || the men and their wives lay down to
sleep in different beds.
|
In the morning, as soon as day came, Q lomogwa arose. He
|
stood outside of the house and said aloud: "Do not sleep, Kwag'ul.|
Let us start this fine day." Thus he said and went into his house.| ||
60 He did not stay there long, before he came back carr3ing his gun,
and padcUe, and ammunition box, and also his mat and two
|
I
blankets; and he went to where the war canoes were and put aboard
|
what he was carrying, at the place where he was going to sit. Then
|
65 aU the warriors came out of the houses and || went dowm to the place
where the war canoes were, and put aboard their guns and paddles,
|
ammunition boxes, mats, and two blankets, at the places where
|
they were going to sit. They kept their traveling provisions in their
|
ammunition boxes, and each one carried his own travehng provi-
|
sions when he went to war. ||
alExsasa pElspEle ts!ats!ax"sEma qa paxtsxa k'lese q!enEma qaxs
50 k"!ets!enoxwae g'ilx'eda wFnats'.e xwak'.una. Wa, Wme la gwalisa.
Wa, g'll^mese gwala eaxElax"de lae ai.e^sta laxa aL!e qa^s le q'.wa-
xetasa q'.waxe. Wii, la^me yawas^Id qleqala. Wii, g'il^mese la
gagala ganoLa lae et !ed ^wi'la la la^sta laxa wa LE^wis gEgEUEme.
Wit, g'ii^mese gwala lae na^nak" laxes g'ig"okwe. Wa, la^me alo-
55 gwax^allleda bebEgwanEme LE^wis gEgEnEmaxs lae kulx'^Ida.
Wa, g"iPmese ^nax'^idxa gaala lae Lax^wide Q!6mogwa6le qa^s lit
Lax^wEls lax l !asana^ya.ses g'okwe. Wii, lii ^nek'a hiisEla: "GwiiUas
mexax Kwiig"ul, qEns alex^wldag'i ek"oxda ^niilax," ^nek'Exs lae
laeL Laxes g"6kwe.
60 Wii, k"!est!a giilaxs g"iixae xwelaqEWEls diilaxes hanLEm LE^wa
se^wayo LF/wa hanhanlk'edzatsle g'tldasa; wii, he^misa le'wa^ye
LE^wis ma^le ^naEnx'iina^yai qa^s la lax ha^nedzasases wi^natsleLe
xwiik'.una qa^s le iix-iilExsases tlaakwe laxes k'.wiixdzasLe. Wii,
g'ilxe ^wi^lamala hoquwElseda bababak'.wa laxes g'ig'okwe qa^s lii
65 hoquntsles lax ha^nedzasases wFnatsIeLe xwak'.flna, qa^s liixat!
ax^alExsases hanLEme LE^wis se^wayo LE^wa hiinhanlk'edzatsle g'il-
das LE^wa le^wa^ye LE^wa ma-le ^naEnx^une liixes klwaxdzasLe, yixs
hac g"its!Ewe g'iwElkwases hanhfinlk"edzats!e g"lldasa laxes alowae
qa^s g.'iwElkwa wina.
BOAS] ADDENDA 1371
Then all the men stood on each side of the canoe at the places
| 70
where they were going to sit. When all the men had come, they
|
took up the canoe on each side and carried it into the deep water, so
that it did not touch the beach, and then they put it down on the
|
water. Then they went aboard and sat down. They were
| not
going to change their || seats as long as they were away making war. 75
|
When all were seated aboard, one man who was not going
| to war
stood up outside of the house of Q!omogwa carrying a baton and
|
when he saw that all the men who were going to war were seated
|
aboard, wearing around their necks the kelp containing their breaths,
then he || shouted aloud, "Wii a a," beating time on the front SO
|
boards of the house. Then the wives of the warriors came out
| of
their houses with blackened faces, and all wearing their belts. They
|
ran down to the beach and went to the place where the two war
|
canoes were staying. As soon as they were nearly there, the
II man S5
shouted again, "Wii ii ii," beating at the same time on the front
|
boards of the house. Then the wives of the crew came out of their
|
houses wearing belts, but their faces were not blackened.
| They
ran down to the beach, and when they were just running down
| to
the beach, the warriors threw || the breath-carrying kelp neck rings 90
to their wives, and the wives of the warriors just met the wives
| |
Wii, ^^mise la q Iwaxdzeleseda ^naxwa bebfigwanEm lax nEqElases 70
k'udzExdzasLe. Wii, g"}l^mese Hvl4a g'axeda bebEgwiinEmaxs lae
^wPla dag'iigEndxa xwak liinaxs lae dag'ilqalaq qa k' !eses Liig'ilisEla
laxa LlEma^ise. Wa, lii taxt!as laxa wungesaxs lae lianstEndEq.
Wa, le hoguxsa qa^s k!us^iilExse lilxa kMesLe l liiL layokwala k!wa-
dzasex ^wil^wadzEi.ayrdaLas faxes wIniiLe. 75
Wii, g'il^mese ^wFla kliis^alExsa, wii, laasa ^nEmSkwe bEgwanEmxa
k'lese g'ayol laxa wina Las lax L'.iisana^yas g'okwas Q!omogwe
dalaxa tlEm^yayo. Wii, g'tl^mese doqulaxa wina bebEgwiinEm
^wPla la k!us^alExsa qeqEnxalaxa hehasetslala ^wa^wadii, laeda bE-
gwiinEme ^nek' hasEla, "Wii a ii," ^nEmiix'^Id loxs lae LexExseg'ex SO
tsagEmasa g'okwe. Wii, g'iixeda gEgEiiEmasa bababaklwa g'axa-
weIs laxes g'ig'okwe laxes ts!ots!ElEmakwae. Wii, ^naxwaEm wl-
wiiseg'Ekwa. Wii, la^me dzElx^unts!esEla liixa L!Ema^ise qa^s le lax
niExa^asasa ma^lts !aqe wi^nats !e xwiixwak liina. Wii, g^tl^mese Elaq
lag'aaxs lae edzaqwa ^nek'eda bEgwiinEme, "Wii a a," ^nEmax'^Id 85
LOXS lae LexExseg'ex tsiigEmasa g'okwe. Wii, g'iixeda gEgEnEmasa
klweme g'ax^wEls laxes g'Ig'okwe wIwflseg'Ekwa. Wii, lii k'!es
ts!6ts!ElEmakwa. Wa, lii dzElxuntsIesEla laxa LlEma^ise. Wa,
he^mis iiles dzElxiTintslesEla laxa LlEma^isaxs lae tslEcjlExodaleda
bababak'.wiises hehasets!ala ^wii^wadek'lEn qeqEnxawe laxes gEgE- 90
nEme. Wa, a^mise la naqo^nakulaxa bababaklwaaxsEm tsledaqaxs
1372 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL I icrii. ann. 35
93 of the crew who were running down to the beach. As soon as they
|
came to the place where the two war canoes were floating, and
|
95 where || their husbands were sitting aboard, then the husbands of
these women took off the breath-containing kelp neck rings and
|
threw them over the necks of their wives. As soon as all the women
|
had the breath-containing kelp neck rings round their necks, they
|
came running up the beach and went into their houses and hung up
|
200 the neck rings at the head ends of their beds. Then the mer
II
started awaj" to make war.
|
|
They did not ask other tribes to join in the war, as thej' were goin;
south, for Yag'is made war upon the people to the south from
|
I
5 Comox down to the Indians of Victoria. II None of them was to live,
if the warriors who paddled should happen to see them.
|
Four days after they had left Fort Rupert, thej' arrived at the
|
coast of the Sanetch. Now, the warriors felt badh*, for they had
|
not seen any canoe paddling about. Late at night, the warriors
|
10 crossed the mouth of a bay, and they saw || a fire on the beach at the
head of the bay, and the warriors saw them walking about outside
|
from the fire. Then, when thej- were talking to one another, the
|
warriors recognized that they belonged to the southern people, i
The warriors went back to the other side of the point. They
|
92 g"axae dzElx^usdesEla laxa LlEma^is LE^wa k'.wemaxsEm ts'.edaqExs
lae dzElxHlnts '.esEla laxa LlEma^ise. Wa, g'il^mese lag'aa lax niExa-
4asasa ma^ltslaqe wlwi^natsle xwaxwakluna, wii, gll^mese lag'aa lax
95 klwadzExdzasases lela^wunEme, laase lela^wunEmasasa tsledaqe
axodxa hasetslMa ^wa^wadek" Ieq qeqEnxawe qa^s tslEqlExodales
laxes gEgEnEme. Wii, giUmese la ^wHa qeqEnxaleda tsledaqaxa
hasetslala ^wa^wadek'lEne qeqEnxawa^ya, wii g'iixe dzELx^usdesEla
liixa i.lEma^ise qa^s le hogwiL laxes g'ig'okwe qa^s le gex^walilElases
200 qeqEnxawa^ye liix oxtalilases g'aelase. Wii, laEmLe LEx^ededa
wina.
Wii, la^me k" !e^s qelatsa wina liixa lelqwalaLa^yaxs lae ^niilolEla,
qaxs hiie winasos Yiig'is, yix NEqiiplEnk'Emola, ^na^nEldzexa g'iig'I-
leLi liixa Q!omox"se liig'aa liixa biiklumasa Tsliimase. Wii, heEm
5 k'leas q'.iilas qo clox^waLElaLa winiiq sio^nakulal.
Wii, lii moplEnxwa^se ^nalas basg'a TsaxisEk". Wii, laEm liig'aa
liix iiwinak'aliisa SanEtsa. Wii, la^me ^yiix'sEme ne^naqa^yasa biiba-
baklwa qaexs k'leasae dogul sio^nakiila. Wii, laEm^lawis giila la
ganoLa laasa wIna gek' lodExste.xa otslalise. Wii, la^ae dox-waLE-
10 ^laxa lEgwIse hl.x oxLalisasa ots'.iilise. Wii, le doqulaEnv'lawisa wl-
niixa bebEgwiinEme g'iyimgilisEla liix Llasa^yasa lEgwise. Wii, lii-
4aeda wIna wilLElaqexs ^nanEldzedzEs^mae qaes yiiqlEndase. Wii,
aEm^iiwisa wIna k' lax'ELa^ya qa^s le aedaaqa lax ilpsadzE^yasa
awilba^ye. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek' qa^s al^mel lal k'elak'alxa ^na^OEldze
BOAS] ADDENDA 1373
intended to go later to kill the southern |1 Indians, long after midnight. 15
Then GwaxwaLEyig"ilis said that none of his friends was to shoot,
|
because some one might be hurt, because it was dark. "Also,
|
|
those whom we are going to kill are now all asleep. I mean that we
will only stab them." Thus he said. Then all the warriors agreed
|
to what he had said. || GwaxwaLEyig"ilis had a small axe as one 20
weapon with which he was going to kill, and besides a large|
knife; and all his friends had knives with which to stab.
|
|
Then Qlomogwa spoke and said: "Now take care, warriors. Do
|
not let us hesitate to kill, for now we || have found our salmon. Let 25
us go now and handle them, for the sleep is really sweet in their
|
eyes." Thus he said. Immediately, the warriors took their paddles
|
and paddled stealthily. Then they arrived at the beach. It was
|
I
a really sandy, fine beach. The warriors stepped out of the canoe ||
carrying their daggers in their mouths, and went up the beach. 30
|
Then the warriors saw that those whom they were going to kill
were sleeping under the sail of a canoe. A post stood on the ground
|
at one end of the mast, a post with a forked top. Then they all
|
opened the front, and those whom they were going to kill were
|
fast asleep. || The warriors saw that there were seven of them and 35|
two children. Then the warriors made ready. They took hold
| of
bak'.um qo lal galal gwal nEgeg'exa ganoLe. Wa, laEm^lae ^nek"e 15
GwaxwaLEyig'lliswule qa k' leases htoLases ^ne^nEmokwe, "aLEns
yilkwanux"lax qaxs plEdEk'ilaex. Wii, he^mesex ^naxwa^maax
mexaxEns kMelak'asoLax; ^ne^nak'ile qEns a^me tslE.ydEqa," ^nex'-
^lae. Wa, laEm^lae ^naxwa ex-^ak'eda ^naxwa babaklwax waldE-
mas.' Wa,laEm^lae sayobEme ^iiEm k'lelak'ElaLEs GwaxwaLEylg'i- 20
lis ogu^la laxa ^walase k' !awa^yo. Wa, laEm^lawisLa ^naxwaEm
k" !ak" lEwa^yo ts'.ExwalaLas ^ne^uEmokwas.
Wa, la^lae yaq'.Eg'a^e Qlomogwaole. Wa, la^lae ^nek'a: "Weg'a
yaL'.aLEx babak!". Gwalax'Ens wayostlEqa kMelax-^ida qaxg'ins
la^mek" q'.axwa k' '.otElaqEns. Wii, weg"ax"Ens qEus lalag'i dadax'- 25
silax'^idqo qaxs lE^maax silak" !ala la ex'p !astE^wes6x mexaax," «nex'-
^lae. Wii, hex"^idaEm^lawisa babaklwa dax'^idxes sesEwa^yo qa^s
^naxwe alex"stalaxs lae sex^wida. Wa, la4ae lag'alis lax LlEma^i-
sasxa alaEl e^g'imengwis eg"ldzEgwis. Wa, la^lae hox^wQJtaweda ba-
babaklwa q'.eqlag'Exstalaxes ts lets !ayo k' lek" lawa^yoxs lae hox^wtis- 30
desEla. Wa, laEm^laeda bababaklwa doqulaqexs kiVlabayaes kMe-
lak'asoLaxa yawabEmases kiimtsala, yixs a^mae LaLEbfilseda ya-
wapleqaxa ^nal^QEmts laqe qaxEto Lams; wa, la^me ^naxwa losale
iJ.asgEmas. Wa, la4ae iilak'lala mexa k' lelak'asoLas. Wa, laEm-
^lae doqtileda bababaklwaqexs aLEbokwae. Wa, he^misa g'lna- 35
QEme ma^lokwa. Wa, laEm^lae gwax'gulseda bababaklwa. Wa,
1374 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
38 one end of the mast and they let it down, and therefore the sail was
|
spread over those who were lying under it. Then the warriors sat
|
40 down on || the sail, and stabbed through it those whom they were
killing. Then they took off the sail cover, and GwaxwaLEylg ills
|
saw that the girl was alive and unhurt. He took her as a slave.
| |
Then he cut off the heads of two who had been killed by him. As
soon as he had cut off the heads, he cried "Go go go." He became
|
4.5 excited in his raven dance. Then Yag'is cut off the heads of twoll
whom he had killed, and as soon as he had cut off their heads, he
|
shouted "Web," for his dance was the fool dance. Then Hox"hox"-
dze cut off the head of one who had been killed by him, and after
I
he had cut off the head, he cried like the hox"hok", for his dance was
|
the hox"hok". Then LliixElag'ihs cut off the head of one whom he
|
50 had killed, and as soon as he cut off the head, || he shouted "Hap hap
hap," for his dance was the cannibal dance, and K'ilEm cut off the
|
head of one who was killed by him. And as soon as he had cut off
the head, he cried "Wohe," for his dance was the grizzly bear
|
dance; and after all had cut off the heads, they heard the sound of a
|
gun fired. Then G'exk'Enis was shot in the shoulder, and it was
|
5.5 not known who had fired the shot. Some of the || warriors said that
the sound of the firing came from one of the warriors' canoes.
|
G'exk'Enis did not feel a pain in the wound. Now the crew of the
|
warriors carried aboard their canoes the propert}^ of those whom they
37 laEm^lae diix"^ideda ^nal^nEmokwe g'ayol laxa winiix ^wax"sba^yasa
yfuvap'.eqe cja^s k'atlElseq. Wii, he'mis lag'ilas la LEpsEmdeda ya-
wabEmax kfi^labalasaq. Wa, aEm^lawisa bababak'.wa la klwadzE-
40 dzodxa yawabEme qa^s ts !Ex"salexes k' '.elak'asE^we. Wii, la^me let !e-
tsE^weda yawabEm. Wa, la^me doxHvaEEle GwaxwaLEyig'Uisaxa
ts!ats!adagEme q!ula, k"!eas yilkwes. Wii, la^me q!iik"OLiinEmaci.
Wii, lii qax-^idxa ma^okwe k" !elag"Ex''s. Gil^mese gwal qak'axs lae
gogogoxa, hiEm xwilsa laxes gwiigwaxwalalae GwaxwaEEyigilis.
4.5 Wii, la Yiig'is k"ax"^idxa ma^okwe k" !elag'Ex"s. Wii, gih'mese gwill
qak'Exs lae wEexa qaxs liidEnokwaasa nolEmala. Wa, la H6x"h6x"-
dze qax'^idxa ^nEmokwe k' !elag"Ex"s. Wii, g'iPmese gwal qiik'Exs
lae h6x"hok"xa qaxs liitlEnokwaasa hox^iok". Wii, lii Lliix'alag'alis
qax'^idxa ^nEmokwe k" !elag'ix"s. Wii, g'iPmese gwal qak"Exs lae
50 hiiphaphapxa qaxs liidanokwaasa hamats'.a. Wa, la K'ilEm qax'-
^idxa ^nEmokwe k" !elag"Ex"s. Wii, g'Jl^mese gwal qiik'Exs lae
wohexa qaxs liidanokwaasa niine. Wii, g'il^mese gwal ^wi^a qa-
k'axs laasa hauL lEg'a^la. Wa, la^me h^nltsayaplaakwe G'exk'Enis-
wiila. Wii, la^me k' !es q !iileda hanl^idii. WiV, la ^nek"eda waokwe
55 bababak'.waqexs he^mae g'iik'lEg'a^la hanLlEga^laes wi^nats'.e xwil-
k!i1na. Wii, lakMes gEtEle G'exk'Eniswulaxes hanLa^ye. Wii, la-
^meda kiwemasa bababaklwa ^moxsElax mEm^walax'diisa la k'lela-
BOAS] ADDENDA 1375
had killed. Tlipv never went to hide the bodies of those who had 58
|
been killed in war.
| ||
They started back and went home before daylight came. After 60
|
they had gone a long way, daylight came in the morning, and immedi-
ately the warriors scalped the heads, for a southeast wind was
I
blowing, and they carried two sails on each war canoe in the way
|
I
they do when they go to war, for they never sleep when || the day is 65
favorable, for they change off, one-half of the crew going to sleep.
When the day is bad, they carrj^ the war canoes up and put them
|
down away back in the woods. They do not all sleep at the same
|
time, but some keep watch for canoes which go paddling by, for
|
even if they should be relatives, they do not take mercy on them in
|
war. They would kill whomever they might || see paddling by in a 70
canoe. Therefore, no member of the tribes goes out paddling
|
when they know that warriors are traveling about.
|
When the warriors had been out eleven days, they came back to
|
Fort Rupert in the morning, singing the war song as they were com-
ing in. When they reached the beach of the house of Yag'is, the
I
bows II of the two war canoes heading in shore, Q lomogwa stood up| 75
and spoke. He said: "Now show yourselves, Gwetela, Q !omoya^ye,|
^walas Kwag'ul, Q !omk' !ut !es, and listen to me. I have come back|
after going about to search for those who were to die together with
|
g"Ekwa. Wa, la^me hewaxa q !wala}^IdEx bebEx"sox"dases k" !elag'E- 58
kwa wi^na.
Wa, g'ax^lae LEx^ida. Wa, g'ax^me na^nakwaxa k'es^Em ^nax''ida. 60
Wa, la qwesg'ilaEm^lawisexs lae ^nax'^idxa gaala. Wa, hex"^ida-
Em^awisa bababak'.wa sap'.edxes qeqag'Ekwe qaxs mslasaes Wa,
laEm^lae maemaltslaqEyalaxes yeyawabEma ^nal^nEmts !aqe wPna-
ts!e xwak!una lax gweg'ilasasa wina, yixs hewiixae mexa, yixs
ek'aeda^nala qaxs iJ.aLlayostalae mexa. Wa, g'il^mese ^yax'sEmeda 65
^nala lae leIx'^IcIxcs wPnats'.e xwak'.iina qa las hanag'iPas laxa
aLala^lElse laxa aLle. Wa, laxae k"!es ^naxwa mexa qaxs cjlaqlala-
^laeda waokwax sio^nakulaxa xwak!iinaxa wax'Em laxa LCLELalalax
yixs kMeasae mayasnltsa wina, yixs ^naxwa^mae klelaxMidxes g'ale
dox^waLEl sio^nakida xwak '.una. Wa, he^mis lag'ilas k" leas se- 70
xwame^stalasa lelqwahxLa^yaxs q lalaaxa wina laEm sexwaLayala.
Wa, heltEwet'.a ^nEmxsag'Ewe ^naliisa winiixs g'axae aedaaqa
laxg'a TsaxisEk'xa gaala laxes nElalaena^yaxs g'axae aLEX'ala.
Wii, g'iPmese g'axalis lax LlEma^isas g'okwas Yag'is laxes aLag'iwa-
laeda malts !aqe wi^natsle xwaxwakliina, wa, la Lax^walExse Q!omo- 75
gwaole. Wa, la yaqlEg'a^la. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Weg'a nelEmalax
yoL GwetEl, Q!omoya.^ye, ^walas Kwag'ul, Q!6mk"!ut!Es qa^s
hoLelaos g'axEn. G'ax^mEn, g"ax^mEn hala laxEn laena^ye ala qa
1376 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. anx. 35
80 LElelElgawe and K' !ox"se^stiliMak" and ll Chief Q!6moxs=ala. This
I have obtained in war." Thus he said and shouted "Ye e e," and
|
at the same time the warriors cried "Ye e e." Then all the war-
|
riors became excited and held up the heads which were now only
|
scalps taken off. that they should be seen by those who had stayed
at home.
|
As soon as they had done so, they all stepped out of the war
||
85 canoes, and all the warriors carried in their hands the heads, and
|
the girl slave followed her master GwaxwaLEylg'ilis. As soon as
|
they had gone into the houses, they were called together in the
|
house of the Chief Ts !Ex"ts !aes.| ||
00 I do not know what they said for I was not allowed by my father
|
to listen to their speeches, because G'exk'Enis had been shot, and
|
the warriors almost had a fight when they came home to Fort
|
Rupert, for they found out that Tslagayos, the younger brother of
|
Yag'is,—that is, NEqaplEuk'Em,—had shot G'exk'Enis, because ||
95 G' exk'Enis wanted to marry i. !aqwax'sa, the princess of PEPnakulag'i-
lis, chief of the numaym Kiikwak !um of the Q !6moya^ye. First|
I
Ts lagayos had asked for l !aqwax"sa, but she had refused Ts lagayos,
|
because he was a mischievous man. G'exk'Enis was wanted by|
300 iJaqwax'sa, because he was not mischievous, and also because sheII
yaqoleswuts LElelElgawex'da lo-' K' !ox"se^stelFlax"da LE^wa g'lga-
80 mex'dae Q'.omox'salax'dii. Wii, g'a^mesEn wJnanEmaxg-ada,"
^nek'Exs lae yeeexa. Wii, lii ^uEraadzaqweda wlna yeeexa. Wa, la,
^naxwaxwaxusoweda bababak'.wtlxs lae dzox^ostotses qeqag'Ekwexa
k^iae la sabsk" sE^ya qa d5x^waLEles yisa amlex'de.
Wii, g'il^mese gwala laase ^wPla hoxwulta laxes wPnatslex'de
85 xwaxwak'.una. Wii, la^nie ^naxwa^ma biibabaklwa diik' lotElaxes
qeqag'Ekwe. Wa, he^misa ts!ats!adagEme qlak'a laEm liig'exes
qliigwide Gwiixwai>Eg'ig'ihs. Wii, g'll^mese la hogwiL liixes g'ig'o-
kwe laase Le^alasE-'wa qa^s le Lltixwa lax g'okwasa g'Igilmaolae
Ts!EX"ts!aesole.
90 Wa, la^mEn k'les q'.iiLElax waldEmas qaxg'in k' !esek- helq !olEm-
sEn dmpwula la hoLelax waldEmas qaeda hanLakwe G'exk'Euisole
yixs halsEla^mae k" !es xomal^ideda winax'daxs q'axae na^nak" liixg'a
TsaxisEk' qaxs lae q!iistas6xs hiie Ts laga^yosole yix tslii^yiis
Yaw'ise, yix NEqiip'.Enk'Emole, lianHidEx G'exk'Enisole g'iig'iig'iLEla
95 lax G'exk'Enisotaxs g'ayalaax rJ.aqwax'sa k'ledelas PEl^nakula-
c'llisole, yix g'igamaolasa ^iiE^memotasa Ktlkwilklumasa Qlomo-
ya^ye. Wa, la he g'iilagawe g'iiyale Ts !aga^yosoiax Lliiqwax'sii.
Wa, Wlae l laqwax'saol ^yax'yEk'EX Ts !agEy6laxs aletaes bEgwauE-
^mena^yol. Wii, he^mis liig'ilas he ax^exstsos Lliiqwax'saole G'ex-
300 k'Ejiisole qaxs k' !ese aleta. Wa, laxae k' !es LEmqa. Wa, he-'mis
BOAS] ADDENDA 1377
was not proud; and for this reason G'exk'Enis was going to marry 1
|
Llaqwax'sa, when he would come home after going to this war;
|
and, therefore, it was known by all the men that Ts!agayos had|
shot him, because Tslagayos had alwaj's threatened G'exk'Enis,
|
if he should get l laqwax'sa to be his || wife, and therefore all the men 5
knew that he had shot him.
I |
G'exk'Enis never said a word about it. He called the GwetEla
|
to come to a feast in his house, for G' exk' Enis was the head chief of
|
the II numaym Elgiinwe of the GwetEla. When all the guests had 10
come in, only Tslagayos had not come to the feast. Then G'exk'E-
| |
nis sent two men to call Tslagayos, and it was not long before
|
they came back followed by Tslagayos. Tslagayos went right on
|
to the rear of the house and sat down there, and immediatelyII 15|
they put dried salmon into the dishes for the guests. They began
|
to eat, and after they had eaten they were given crab apples as a
second course. After they had finished eating the crab apples,
|
G'exk'Enis arose and spoke. He said: "Welcome, GwetEla. In-
|
deed, II I called you to eat here, for the reason why I invited you is, 20
that you chiefs may consider what you want to say on account of
|
the great thing that has been done when I was shot, for there is
I
gwE^yos G'exk'Enisole qa^s qadzeLax'dEmx Llaqwax'sa qo g'ax 1
na^nak" laxes laena^ye wina. Wa, he-'mis lag'ilas qialeda ^naxwa
bebEgwanEmqexs he^mae Ts lagE^yosole h3,nl^IdEq qaxs gwaifila^mae
genale Ts lagE^yosSlax G'exk'Enlsole qo he laLEx Llaqwax'saole qa^s
gEnEma. Wa, he^mis lag'il ^naxwa^ma bebEgwanEni q laLElaqexs 5
he^mae Ts lagE^yosoie hanMdEq.
Wa, laEm hewiixa^me G'exk'Enis waldEmnokwa. Wa, g'll^mese
aex'^idale hanLa^yas lae Le^laxa GwetEla qa las ^wPla kiwel lax
g"6kwas laxes heene^me xamagame g'ig3,ma^ye G'exk'Enisolasa
^nE^memotasa Elgunwesa GwetEla. Wa, g'l^Em^awise ^wFlaeLe 10
Le^lanEmas, wa, la^me lex'a^me TslagEyosole k' les g'axa laxa kiwele.
Wa, la^ae G'exk'Enisole 'yalaqasa ma46kwe bebEgwanEm qa las
etse^stax TslagE^yosole. Wa, k'les^latla galaxs g'axae aedaaqa
lak-Elax Ts lagE^yosole. Wa, la^me he^nakiile Ts lagE^yosole laxa
ogwiwa^Plasa g'okwe, qa^s la kiwag'alll laq. Wa, hex'^ida^mese 15
k'ax-ndayowa XEmtslag'ala loElqlwa laxa kiwele. Wa, lax'da^xwe
hamx'^ida. Wa, la gwala ha^mapaxs lae heleg'intsa tsELxwe. Wa,
g'lPmese gwai tsElx"tsax"xa tsELxwe laase Lax^walile G-exk'Enisole.
Wa, la yaqlEg'a^Ia; wa, la «^nek-a: "Gelag'a GwetEl, ala^mawesEn he
Le^lalag-il qa^s ha^mapaos qaxs heg'in lag'ila Le^lalol qa^s weg'iLos 20
doqwala g-ig'Eg&me qa^s doqwalaos qa gwalaatses waldEmLaos qa
^walase gwex'^idaastsoxda hanl^edex g'axEn, qaxs k' leasae ^yax'sEm
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 38
1378 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [eth. ans. as
23 nothing bad in my heart. It is for you to say what we shall do
|
with him." Thus he said, and sat down.
| ||
25 Then NEqap!Enk'Em arose and spoke. He said: "Now hstcn to
[
me, tribe. If really my younger brother has done this to that|
chief, I wish this Chief G'exk'Enis to accept my good word. I will
|
buy him off with my war canoe which I will give to j-ou, Chief. I
|
30 paid sixty blankets for it; and also forty blankets besides the|| |
canoe." Thus he said, and sat dowTi.
|
Then all the chiefs were grateful [for his words, j that he bought
|
him off, and that his younger brother should not be shot, for they had
seen that G"exk'Enis was hiding a pistol. Now, after this, the
|
35 matter was straightened out || for Ts!agay5s, who would have been
shot by G'exk'Enis, if the wise NEqaplEnk'Em had not bought off
|
Ts'.agayos, so that he should not be shot. Then all the men were
|
happy and went out of the feasting house. Now G'exk'Enis and
| |
Ts!agayos had one heart after this. ||
40 Now another man married Llaqwax'sa. His name was Le^lenox"|
of the numaym DzEndzEnx'q'.ayo of the ^walas Kwag'ul. He|
was the husband of iJaqwax'sa. After the warriors had been
|
in Fort Rupert for four days, beginning from the time when they|
23 laxEn naqa-'ye lax gwE^yoLasoxs qEnu^x" gwex'^idaas le^wox."
^nek'e. Wa, la klwag'ahla.
25 Wa, he^mise NEqap!Enk'Em5le Lax^walila qa^s yaq!Eg"a^le. Wa,
la ^nek'a: "Weg'a hoLelax g'okul5t qo alaEm laxEn tsla^ya he
gwex'^idxwa g'lgama^yex, wa, IfiLEn aEm wataqelaxwa gigamaox
G'exk'Enisex dadalaxg'in ekik- waklEma. Wa, la^mesEn xunkwas-
g'ln wi«nats!ek' xwakliina laL, g'lgame, yixs q !el lEx'sokwae plslxE-
30 lasgEmaxEn k'ilomaq. Wa, he^raisa m6x"s6kwe p '.ElxElasgEma
ogu4a laxa xwak'.una," ^uek'Exs lae kiwag'alila.
Wa, la^me ^naxwa^ma g'Ig'Eg3,ma^ye mo^las waldEmas ylxs lae
xiinkwa qa k" !eses hanl^itsE^wes tsliVya qaxs dogul'mae G'exk'E-
nisolas q IwahxLElaaxa a])s5dEgEkwe. Wa, la^me naqe^sta waldEmas
35 laxeq qaxs lE^mae hanl^etso laxsde TslagE^yos yls G'exk'Enis qo
k"!es naqEmale NEqap'.Eiik'Emole xiinkwa qa k'leses hani'etsE^we
TsIagEyosole. Wa, a^mise la ekMeqEleda ^naxwa bebEgwanEmxs
lae hoquwEls laxa k!we^la«yats!ex"de g'okwa. Wa, la^me ^nEmx'-'ide
naqa^yas G'exk'Enis Lo^ Ts'.agE^yos laxeq.
40 Wa, la, ogMa^mese la bEgwauEme qadzeLax l laqwax'saxa Le-
gada Le^enox" g'a^yol laxa ^nE^memotasa DzEndzEnx'q layosa ^walas
Kwag'ul, ylx laHvfinEmas Llaqwax'sa. Wa, gil^me e moplEnxwa^se
^nfiliisa wina g'aes laxg'a TsaxisEk' g'ag'lLEla laxes g'llx'dEme g'ax
na^nakwaxs wmex'de, lii ^yalagEmeda mokwe ha^yal^a sasEmsa
BOAS] ADDENDA 1379
came back from war, four young men, sons of the || warriors, were 45
sent outinto the woods to cutseven poles, two fathoms long, and two
|
|
with forked tops, a little shorter than the first ones, and also a
|
young cedar tree, four fathoms long, and also long, twisted cedar to
|
tie up the heads which had been cut off by the || warriors. The 50
young men were told to put them down northeast of the fort near
|
to the houses of the white men at Fort Rupert.
|
|
Then the four young men went into the woods behind the fort and
chopped down what they had been told to get, and when they had
I
them all chopped down, they carried || what they had chopped down 55
and put it northeast of the fort; and when they had brought them
|
all out, the warriors went to the fort and made a frame to hang on
|
the heads which had been cut off. After they had made it, the
|
warriors took the heads and put them on top of the sharpened
|
poles. When all the || heads had been put on, after the scalps had 60
been taken off to be dried by the owner in his house, then they
|
took eagle-down and put it on the heads and after they had done
|
I
so, it was called "cut off heads hung up." Now they remained there
|
until they would fall down, || and they were seen by visitors froin 65
|
the various tribes who came to Fort Rupert.
|
bababak!wa qa las laxa aL!e qa s6p!edesex aLEbots'.aqa maemal- 45
plEnk" laxEns baLaqe awasgEmasas. Wii, he^mise malts !aqa
qeqExala halsElaEm ts!ats!akwalagawes. Wa, he^mise -nEmtslaqa
dzEs^Eqwaxa mop !Enk"e laxEns baLaqe ^wasgEmasas. Wa, he^misa
g'Jlsg'ilt'.a sElbsk" dEwex qa yiLEmsa yilx"dEmaLaxa qeqag'Ekwasa
bababaklwa. Wa, la ^nex'sE^weda ha^yal^a qa^s la wix'^ElsElas laxa 50
^nalana^yasa xusEla laxanExwala lax g'ok'.wasasa g'okwasa mamal^a
laxg'a TsaxesEk".
Wa, la^mesa mokwe ha^yal^a lax aLa^yasa xusEla qa^s sop !edexa
gwE^yo qa axsos. Wa, gil^mese ^wi^la sobEkwa g'axae wLx'wiil-
t!alaxes sobanEme qa^s la wix'^ElsElas laxa ftxasa xOsEla. Wa, 55
gil^mese ^wilg'aElsa laasa bababaklwa ^wi^la laxa xfisEla qa^s la
k" lomos^Elsaxa yilx"dEmaLasa qeqag'Ekwas. Wa, g'H^mese gwale
&xa^yas lae ^wFla ax^ededa bababak '.waxes qeqag'Ekwe qa^s la
k'.udzEtodalas laxa eex'ba dzoxuma. Wa, g'll^mese ^wilg'aaLEleda
qeqag'Ekwexa xEwekwe, qaxs lE^maaLal sapo^yEwe sE^yax"das qa^s 60
lEmxwasE^waes exnogwadas laxes g'ig'ok^we. Wa, la ax^etsE^we
qEmxwasa kwekwe qa^s qEmx^widayowe laxa qeqag'Ekwe. Wa,
giPmese gwala, wii, la^me LegadEs yiLx^walaxa qeqagEkwe laxes
lagwedzasaxa. Wa, la hex"saEm gwese lalaa laxes teqamaxax'-
dEmLa. Wa, la^me dadogiilbesa g'axe baguns] laxg'a TsaxisEk" g-a- 65
yol laxa lelqwalaLa^ye.
1380 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Teth. ann. 35
67 This is called "pulling under." Some Indians call this "kill to
|
die with the dead chief," the way this was done by NEqap lEnk'Em,
when he went to war and killed the chief WaxEldEk", his wife, and
|
70 his two children, for the slave whom GwaxwaLEyig'ilis broughtII
along was the daughter of WaxEldEk".
|
|
He only had as his crew the others who had been in war, those who
did not know what killed Q!omox's^ala, his wife, and his princess;
I |
and WaxEldEk" and his crew were killed without cause. ||
75 The Sanetch never made war on the Kwag'ul, although the Kwag'ul
expected that they would come to make war, and therefore the
|
warriors always kept ready and did not sleep nights. They also did
|
not kill any of the Kwag'ul who stayed in Victoria.
I |
80 I forgot one thing about L!aqwamaga, the || wife of G'exk'Enis
who was wounded. Three da3^s after the warriors had left to go
|
to war, her breath-holding neck ring of seaweed became flabby.
|
Therefore, Llaqwax'sa cried all the time. I have never seen the
|
neck ring. This is the end. of the story about the war waged by
|
NEqap lEnk'Em. ||
Neqap !enk"em's War Song Against the Sanetch
1. I began at the upper end of the tribes. Serves them right! Serves
|
them right !
|
67 Wa, heEm LegadEs nedzapela. Wa, la ^nek"eda waokwe bak !um-
qexs hagumg'Ila yix gwex'^idaasas NEqap lEnk'Emolaxs lae winaxes
la kMelak'asE^weda g"igamaole WaxEldEk" LE^wis gEnEmole LE^wis
70 ma^okwe sasEma, yixs g'axae q!ak'6s GwaxwaLEyIg"ihsa ts'.atsla-
dagEme xflnox"s WaxEldEkwole.
Wa, a^mise lelodadEsa waokwe wPnanEmsa wlnaxa k" !ese q !aLE-
lax g'a^yalasas Q!6mox's^alaol LE^wis gEnEmol LE^wis kMedelole.
Wa, la^me wulEtsE^we WaxEldEx"de LE^wis leElotde.
75 Wit, la he^waxa^ma Sanatsa g'ax winaxa Kwag'ule qaxs nak' !ala-
^maeda Kwag'ulaq g'ax wina lag'ilas hemEnalaEm gwagwalale ba-
babak'.was. LaEmk'Ies mexaxa gaganSLe. Wa, laxae kMes k"!e-
lax'^idaasa ts lamasllasa Kwag'ul.
Wa, lax' ^nEmx'^idaiag'in LlElewesok", ylx Llaqwamaga yix gE-
80 nEmas G'exk'Enisxa haiiLEkwe, yixs k'les^maaEl yudux^plEnxwa^se
^nala bawedawlnaxs laaEl plElatlede hasets!4la qEnxawes ^wa^vade-
k' !in lag'ilas Llaqwamaga aEm ha^yolis qlwasa. Wa, Ieu hewaxa
dox^waLElaxa qEnxawa^ye. Wa, laEm laba laxa wawinx's^ala lax
NEqap '.Enk'Emaxs winae.
Neqap Ienkem's War Song Against the Sanetch
1. Lax'dEn g'ag"a^yaxtolisElax qlenEm lelqwalaLa jk hk ha, yi-
lala lai, ya ha ha, yllala lai, ya hk ha, wo wo.
BOASJ ADDENDA 1381
2. I came downstream setting fire to the tribes everywhere with my
fire bringer. Serves them right! Serves them right! —
| | |1
3. My name, just my name, killed them, I, the great Mover of the
World. Serves them right! Serves them right!
I |
MtTRDEK AFTER THE DeATH OF A GWATS !eNOX" ChILD (tO p. 787)
There is another one who did the same as was done by NEqap!- 1
Enk"Em, when he went to war against the Sanetch, about which I
I
talked before, on pp. 1363-1381. It was when the child of QasElas,|
Chief of the Gwats!enox", was sick. That was the name of the chief
|
and his new name was Wahenox", || which name came recently from 5
the Ts !egELes^adEx". His son died. Then his brother ^maxwa came
|
in, for QasElas and ^maxwa had one father, but two mothers, and
|
I
when ^maxwa sat down at the place where the boy lay dead,
|
L!aqwag'idEk" came in. He was the uncle 10|| of QasElas, and he also
sat down. They were the only ones of the Gwats !enox" who came
|
in, for they were afraid of QasElas and of his brother, because they
|
were warriors. They put the boy into a coffin and after they had
|
done so, they buried him immediately. QasElas never spoke to his
|
brother ^maxwa and to his uncle || L!aqwag'idEk". After they had 15
2. G'ax^mesEn gwalesElag'ln xumtxumdesElasg'tn xOmtxiimtag'ilax
lelqwSlaLa yfi. h§, ht,, yilala lai, ya ha ha, yllala lai, ya ha ha,
wo wo.
3. A^mx'de LegEmsdanaxEn LegEmdzeyaxgin yalag'lliseg'ax ^nala,
ya hk hk, yilala lai, ya hk ha, yllala lai, ya hk ha, wo wo.
Murder after the Death of a Gwats !enox" Child
Wa, g-a^mes «nEmx-«idaIa he gwex'^idaasas NEqap lEnk'Emolaxs 1
lae winaxa SanatsaxEn g'Ux'de gwagwex's^alasa lax 1363-1381,
ylxs ts!EX"qae xunokwas g'lg&ma^yasa Gwats !enox" yix QasElas,
heEm ^nEm LegEmsa g'igama^ye. Wa, la al^Em LegadEs Wahenox"
g'aySLaxa Legsme alts laxa TsIegELes^adEx". Wa, lii wlk' !Ex^ededa 5
babagume xunoxs. Wa, g-axe g'axcLe ^nEmwEyotase ^maxwa, ylxs
^nEmokwae ompas QasElas l5^ ^maxwa. Wa, la ma^l5kwe ebEm-
pas. Wa, g'll^mese k!wag'alile ^maxwa lax la yagwT^atsa wi-
k'lEx^ide babagume. Wa, g'axe g'axeLe Llaqwag'idEk" ylx q!ule-
«yas QasElas qa^s k!wag-alile ogwaqa. Wa, la^me lex-asm g"axsa 10
Gwats !enox" g-axeLa qaxs k'ElEmae QasElas LE^wes ^nEmwEyotaxs
bababak!wae. Wa, la lats!otsa babagumx'de laxa dEg'ats!e. Wa,
g'll^mese gwala lae hex'^idaEm wiinEmtaq. Wa, la^me hewaxa
yaqlEg'a^le QasElasaxes ^nEmwEyote ^maxwa LE^wis q!ule^ye L!a-
qwag'idEkwe. Wa, giPmese gwal wQnEmta lae na^nakwe QasElas 15
1382 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIITTL [etu. asx. 3S
16 buried them, QasElas went home to his house, and ^miixwa
| and
L.'aqwag'idEk" followed him and sat down where QasElas was
|
seated. They had not been sitting there a long time when QasElas
|
rose and went to the place where his two guns were standing. He
|
20 tooli out one of them and spoke. || He said, "Now I shall follow the
waj's of my thoughts. You wUl be the ones whom I pull under my
|
prince, both of you." Thus said QasElas to ^maxwa and Llaqwag'i-
|
dEk".
I
Then ^maxwa answered at once and said, "Do not say that,
|
25 brother. There is smoke at Omanis and there are || people to whom
it belongs. Let us go there." Thus said ^maxwa to his brother
|
and then QasElas agreed to what he said.
|
Immediately they got ready, for it was morning, and the tliree
|
of them started in a small canoe and paddled, each carr3'ing a gun,
|
30 and they carried their spears, ^maxwa was || sitting in the bow,
QasElas in the middle, and Llaqwag'idEk" was steersman. They
|
told their people that they were going hunting sea otters at K'awaq
|
and Ayaaxsiwe^. They steered for it and the Gwats !enox" guessed
|
that they were going to kill some one to die with the child, for they
|
35 started at once after they had buried || the child.
|
Then they steered for K'awaq, and as soon as they arrived there,
they tore off a narrow strip of their blankets and tied it on firmly
|
16 laxes g'okwe. Wa, la lasgEma^ye ^maxwa lo« L'.aqwag'idEkwaq qa^s
la klOs^alll lax k!waelasas QasElas. Wa, k'!est!a gael k!udzehi
laas Lax^fdile QasElase qa^s la lax qlwaelasases ma^lts^Eme hanhan-
LEma. Wa, la dax'^idxa ^nEmsgEme lilq. Wa, la yaq'.Eg'a^la. Wii,
20 la ^nek'a: "Lak-as^maeg'ln dax'^IdLEXg'a gwalaasg'asg'in naqek',
sokwas^Emxat! nedzEmsEn LS,wElgamax-da, y6k'asda^x5L," ^nek'ase
QasElasax ^maxwa l6^ Llaqwag'idEk".
Wii, het'.a ^maxwa naqEmala na^naxmeq. Wa, la ^nek'a: Gwa-
k'asla ^nex'oL, ^nEmwot. Kwax'axae Oma^nisxe kwax'a lak'ase
25 bEgwanEmsE^wa. Wek'as lag'ax'Ens laqene," ^nek'e ^maxwaxes
^nEmwEyote. Wa, la^me ex"^ak"e QasElasax waldEmas.
Wii, hex'^ida^mese xwanal^ida qaxs gaalae. Wa, la^me iilex^wida
yudux"ts !alaxa xwaxwagflnaxs lae sex^wida laxes qlwiilxo^mae
hanLatsa hanh&nLEme. Wii, lii mastowaqslaxes mastowe. Wa,
30 la^me k'.wag'iwa^ye ^maxwa. Wii, la klwaya^ye QasElas. Wa, la
LEnxLa^ye l laqwag'idEkwe. Wa, la^me ^nek'xes g"6kulotaxs q!a-
qlasael liix K'awaq l6^ Ayaaxslwe. Wa, lax'da^xwe LEx^eda. Wii,
la^me k'oteda Gwats lenoxwaq laEm lal k'!elak'as6nuk''L qa
hagumses xujiox"de qaxs xEnLElae hex"^idaEm LEx^edExs lae gwal
35 wunEmtaxes xunox"de.
Wii, la LaxsgEmex K'awaq. Wa, g'll^mese liig-aa lilqexs lae xwa-
sodxa tsleqladzo laxes ^naEnx^una^ye qa^s ylLatodes lalak!wat!as
noAS] ADDENDA 1383
on the locks of their guns so that the powder should not get wet.
|
I
The three death-bringing guns were loaded. || Now a strong north- 40
west wind was springing up. Therefore they at once hoisted their|
sail and they went before the wind steering for the village at Omanis.|
They arrived at a shelter by the side of the island in front of the|
house. They took down their sail and paddled ashore. ll
|
Then NEUgEmalis came to meet them, and NEngEmalis spoke 45|
and said, "It is a great thing that you paddle about, friends. Why
|
did you travel thus on the water?" Thus he said. Then ^maxwa
|
replied and said, "0 Wonder, we were traveling about on the water,
|
because we were trying in vain to hunt for sea otters at K'awaq. ||
Then a north wind sprang up and we came to save ourselves here| 50
at Omanis." Thus he said to him.
|
Then NEngEmalis took the three guns and said, "Come now and|
eat in my house." Thus he said as he was carrying the three guns^|
and he went up the beach and went into his small house. Then|| 55|
^maxwa, QasElas and Llaciwag'idEk" went up the beach and they|
went into the house. They sat down and ^maxwa saw in the house|
Hankwaso^gwi^lak" and his wife, and also the wife of NEngEmalis
|
and his boy. Hankwaso^gwi^lak" was lying on his back in the other|| 60
lax sEX'sEkwases hanhanLEme qa k'lese kliinx^ededa ts!6la^yowe. 38
Wa, la^me ^naxwa la k"!ats!Ewak"sa lE^lg'ila, yixs yudux"sEmaeda
hanhanLEme. Wa, laEm loklwemasa yS,leda dzaqiwa lag'ilas hex'^i- 40
daEm yawapletses yawabEme. Wa, la^me nEq'.EXLalaxs lae Lalax
Oma^nis laxa g"5kula laq. Wa, gll^mese lag'aa laxa q logunwa^yas
^niEkuma^yasa g'okwe lae yawapaxodxes yawabEme. Wa, la sex-
^wida qa's lag'alise.
Wa, g'axe NEngEmalisole lalalaq. Wa, la yaq'.Eg'a^le NEngEma- 45
lisolaq. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Sak'atsos sex^widaasex aadats. ^mask'ases
heg'ilk'asaos gwegwalag'ELaHe," ^nek"e. Wa, he^mise ^maxwa na-
^naxmeq. Wa, la ^nek'a: " AlEnisilak'asg'anu^x" gwegwiilag-ELa-
^yaas wax'k'as^Emxaanu^x" q!aq!asaax qlasak'asa laxox K'awaqk'a-
sex. Wa, lak'asox dzaq !wax'^Idk"asa. Wa, okwas^Emxaanxi^y" 50
g'axk'as qlwaqliila lak'asxo Oma^nisk"asex," ^nek'Eq.
Wit, la^me NEngEmahs dax'^Id ^wPlaxa yudux^sEme hanhanLEma.
Wa, la ^nek"a: "Gelak'asla qa^s layos iJExwaxstak^as laxEn g'oxwe,"
snek'Exs lae dalaxa yudiLX"sEme hanhS,nLEmaxs lae lasdcsEla laxa
L'.Ema^ise qa^s la laeL laxes ama^ye g'okwa. Wa, lax'da^xwe ^maxwa 55
LO^ QasElas LO^ l laqwag'idEkwe hox^wusdes laxa iJ.Ema^ise qa^s la
hogwiL laxa g-5kwe. Wa, la k'.us^alila. Wa, la^me dox^waLEle
^maxwax Hankwaso^gwi^lak" LE^wis gEnEme, wa, hetoise gEnEmas
NEngEmalis LE^wis xiinokwe babagum laxa g'5kwe laxs a,^mae
t'.eg'ile HSnkwaso^gwi^lak" lax Spsanegwilasa g"okwases ts!6x"i.Eme 60
1384 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ibth. ann. 30
62 corner in the house of his grandson NEngEmahs, whose wife gave
|
to eat to the visitors. After she had given food to the visitors, the
|
woman sat down and NEngEmaUs sat down where his wife was
|
65 seated and lay on his back hy the knees of his wife.
| ||
Then ^maxwa
spoke and said, " Now let us look at our guns for they are all wet.
|
|
We will start in the morning when it gets daylight." Thus he said.
|
He rose and took the three guns and gave one to QasElas and one
|
70 to L!aqwag"idEk". Then ^maxwa sat down || and they untied the
strips around the locks of the guns and when they had untied them,
|
they were ready. Then QasElas spoke and said, "Now I wiU tell
| |
you the news, Chief. My prince died to-day and you will go with
|
75 him." Thus he said, and shot at || Hankwaso^g^vi^lak'', and L!aq-
wag'idEk" shot at his wife and ^maxwa shot at NEngEmalis, and
|
NEngEmahs was killed, for the ball went through the back of
|
NEngEmahs and through the left side of his wife, but she was not
|
80 dead. Then the woman rose and sang her sacred song, || and the
wife of Hankwaso^gwi^ak" did the same. Then Hankwaso^gwi^lak"
|
jumped through the corner of the house and hid in the woods. He
|
and his wife were missed by those who shot at them. They did not
|
shoot the son of NEngEmalis. The name of his child was ^nEm5-
|
61 NEngEmalis. Wii, la^me hamg"ile gEUEmasexa bagunse. Wa, g'tl-
^mese gwal hamg'ilaxa bagunsaxs lae klwag'alileda tslEdaqe. Wa,
le NEngEmalise la k!wag"alil lax kiwaelasases ^EnEme qa t!ek"ale
lax 6kwax"a^yases gEUEme.
65 Wa, la yaq!Eg'a4e ^maxwa; wa, la ^nek'a: Walag'ax'Ens doqwa-
xEns hanhanLEmk'asax lak'as^maaxsono klflnx^eda qak'asanso lex-
^edk'asLax gilkaseLaso nanos^idLax gaalaLa," ^nek'EXs lae Lax^iilTl
qa^s lii ax^edxa yudux^sEme hanhanLEm qa^s ts!Ewanaqesa ^ual-
^UEme lax QasElas l6^ Llaqwag'idEk". Wa, la k'.wag'alile ^maxwa.
70 Wii, la ^nEmx'^klExs lae qwetalax yiLEmas sEX'sakwasa hanhan-
LEm. Wii, g'il^mese ^wFla qwelkwa, wii, la^me ^naxwa la gwalala.
Wa, la yaqlEg'ale Qasalas; wa, lii ^nek'a: "Walag'ax'En ts'.EkMa-
l^Idk'asol g'Igama. Wek" laqak'asxaEn La,wElgamax"dax6 ^niilak'a-
sex. Wa, lak'asLaxaas laqene," ^nek'Exs lae hanl^Ida wax'Ex
75 HSnkwaso^gwi^lak". Wii, la l laqwag'idEk" wax' hanl-'idEx
gEnEmas. Wa, la ^miixwa hanl^IdEX NsngEmahsde. Wa, la^me
hebaye NEngEmalisde. Wii leda lE^lgila hex'sala lax awig'a^yas
NEngEmahsde qa^s la hex'sala lax gEmxanoda^yas gEnEmas. Wa,
lakMeslE^a. Wa, leda ts'.Edaqe Lax^ulil qa^s yiilaqweses yalax"-
80 LEne. Wii, htJEmxaawise gwex'^ide gEUEmas Hankwaso-gwi^lak"
ylxs laaLal dEX"sawe Hankwaso^gwi^akwe laxa onegwilasa g"okwe
qa^s la ^wiina laxa aL !e. Wii, lasm Leqwasosa hanl-idiiq LE^wis gE-
HEme. Wa, la kMes h&nl^etsE^weda babagume xunokwas NsngE-
malisdexa Legadeda g'inanEmas ^nEmokwata^ye. Wa, g'tl^mese
U'JA.sJ ADDENDA 1385
kwata^ye. After || ^maxwa had shot, they went out of the house and 85
after they had loaded their guns, they went home to their house.
|
|
Now they went down to the beach and launched their canoe.
|
It was not long after they had gone aboard their canoe, when the
|
wife of NEngEmaUs came out and took hold of the bow of the canoe
and the woman spoke and said, "^maxwa, do not start just 90
II yet, |
but shoot me also, that I may go to where my husband went. Then
|
^maxwa shot her also and she died. After that, QasElas went home.
|
Two were killed by ^maxwa, whom he paid to QasElas that he might
|
live. H&nkwaso^gwi^lak", his wife, and
II the boy were not hurt. 95|
Then QasElas and his crew felt good when they arrived at Sebaa
|
in the evening, ^maxwa had redeemed himself with two whom he
|
had shot for QasElas, that he might live.
It is not called war, if some one does as was done by QasElas, || but 100
it is called by the Indians " to die with those who are dead," these two
who were shot by ^maxwa on account of the child of QasElas.
|
They did not cut their heads off, and there is no war song for
|
QasElas when he came home after they had killed two, NEngE-
|
maUs and his wife, on the same day when the child of QasElas died.
|
There would have been four, if QasElas and Llaqwag'idEk" had hit|| 5
Hankwaso^gwi^lak" and his wife, whom they tried
| to shoot. That
is the end.
|
gwal hauLa ^maxwa lae hoquwEls laxa g'okwaxs lae gwal k'!ats!od- 85
xes hanhanLEme. Wa, la^me lal na^nax"L laxes g'okwe.
Wa, la^me hoqunts !es laxa l lEma^ise qa^s wPx"stEndexes xwak !fma.
Wa, k* les^mese laEm hoguxs laxa xwak!unaxs g'axae g'axawElse gE-
nEmx'da^s NEngEmalis qa^s g'axe dag'Ey5dxa xwak !una. Wa, lii
yaqlEg'a^leda tslEdaqe. Wa, la ^nek'a: "Gwallag'aamas LilLEx^ax, 90
^maxwa, qa^s et !edaos hfinl^Id g'axEn qEn la^me lax lalaatsEn ia^wu-
nEmx'da. Wa, la^me heEmxae ^maxwa hanHdEq. Wa, la^me lE^la.
Wa, g'ax^me na^nakwe QasElas laxeq. Wa, ma^okwe lE^IamatsE-
^was ^maxwa, yix halagEmasex QasElas qa^s q !ule. Wa, la k' !eas
yllkwes Hankwaso^gwi^akwe LE^wis gEUEme LE^wa babagume. 95
Wa, la«me ek" leqEle QasElas LE^wis leElotaxs lae lag'alis lax Se-
baaxa la dzaqwa. Wa, laEm xunkwe ^maxwasa ma^lokwe h^n-
LEx"s lax QasElase qa^s qlulexs hae.
Wa, k' !es LegadEs wineda he gwex'^ida, yix gwex'^idaasas QasElas,
yixs he^mae gwE^yosa bak!ume hagumg'ilasa ma^okwe hani-Ex"s 100
«maxwa lax xilnox"das QasElas. Wa, la k" !es qax-^idEq. Wa, laxae
k" leas uEla^ayos QasElasaxs lae nii^nak" laxes g'okwe qaxs helala-
^mae k' lelax'^Idxa ma^lokwe yix NEngEmalisde LE^wis gEnEmx'daxa
wik' lEx^idEx-dEmas xun5x"das QasElas, yixs mokwelaxsde qo q!ape
QasElas l6« l laqwag'idEkwaxes wax'i h&nHtsE^we Hankwaso^gwi- 5
^lakwe LE^wis gEUEme. Wa, laEm laba.
1386 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 3s
The Kwakiutl Settle at Qalogwis (to p. 835)
1 Now I will answer what is asked by you, why the Kwakiutl lived|
at Qalogwis. It was when the myth people were scattered, when|
they discovered that the princes of the viUage had been killed by|
5 Mink. Their village site was really good; || for K !wek Iwaxawe^ had
naade the village site of the myth people.
|
Now for a long time there was no village there. Then the Chief|
of the numapii Ma&mtag'ila, ^maxuyalidze came from where his|
house stood at K' lodagala, with his wife Aomol and his three sons|
10 and their wives and many children, || and also with two daughters
and their husbands and their many children. They travelled in
|
four canoes, for indeed they moved away from K' lodagala to look
|
for a good place for a village. They passed Fort Rupert, and
| |
^maxuyahdze wished to go to ^wIwEx"dzEq. He arrived || at
15 ^nox"dem and in vain he looked for water. He did not find any.
|
Then they paddled and went eastward and he saw Qalogwis which|
was a very good village site. Then ^maxiiyalidze and his sons-in-|
law unloaded their cargo at that place and immediately they built|
houses there. ||
As soon as the houses were finished. Chief ^maxuyalidze said that
|
20 they would invite the tribes. Then he came to Fort Rupert, for|
The Kwakiutl Settle at Qalogwis
1 Wii, laEmxaEn na^naxmelxes wuLasE^wos lax lag"ilasa Kwag'ul he
g-okiile Qalogwise. Wa, he^maa^laxs lae ^wFla gwegwal'ededa nux"-
nEmis ylxs lae qliista aLolenoxWaxes LOLaElgSma^yaxs lae kMe-
lax'^itsos L!esElag-i4a. Wa, laEm^awise ala ek'a g-6x"dEmse qaxs
5 hSsaax K !wek !waxawa^ye axa^ya g'ox"dEmsasa nux"nEmise.
Wa, laEm4awise gala la k" !eas g'okQla laq. Wa, la^lae sEx^wide
g'lgama^yasa ^nE^memotasa la Maamtag'ila, ylx ^maxiiyalidze,
g'iix'^id laxes g"okwe lax K' lodagala LE^wis gEUEme A6m5l LE^wis
yuduk" bebEgwanEm sasEma LE^wis gEgEnEme le^wIs qlenEme se-
10 sasEma, he^meses ma^dkwe tsledaq sesasEma LE^wis lela^wiinEme
Lo^xaes qlenEme sesasEma. Wa, laEm^ae motslaq xwaxwak'.tine
ya^yatslas, qiiLaxs lE^maaEl ^mawa bas K' lodagala qa^s la ala ek"a
lax g'okulase. Wa, la^lae haj^aqalaxg'a TsaxisEk'. Wa, laEm-'lae
^maxuyalidze ^nex' qa^s la laxa nvPwEx''dzEqe. Wa, la^lae lag'aa
15 lax ^nox"dEma. Wa, laEm^lawis wax' alax ^wapas. Wa, la^lae
kMeas q!as6s. Wa, la^lae sex^wida qa^s la ^naloLa^yala. Wa, la^lae
dox^waLElax Qalogwisaxs alae ek" g'6x"dEmsa. Wa, lasm^lae
^maxuyahdze ^moltodxes ^mEmwala laq LE^wis naEngilmpe laq.
Wa, la4ae hex'^idax'da«x"-'Em g'okwela laq.
20 Wii, g'tl^Em^awise gwale g'ig-okwela^yas laalasa g'lg&ma^ye ^ma-
xQyalidze ^nex" qa^s wag'i LelElaxa lelqwalaLa^ye. Wa, g"ax^Em-
BOAS] ADDENDA 1387
that is where O^maxtlalaLe^ and his younger brother ^walas 23
|
^HEmogwis and his father, ^walas Kwax'ilanokume^, Uved.
|
And before ^maxu^'ahdze invited them, the younger brother of ||
O^maxt lalaLe^ ^walas ^nemogwis dressed himself with his abalone 25
ear ornaments and his abalone nose ornaments. Then 0^maxt!a-
|
laLe^ said, "This (my) younger brother looks very much like a
|
chief. Now his name is G'exsEm (chief's face) and that of the
|
generations following him." Thus he said. That is the beginning of
the numaym G'exsEm, for the numaym of O^maxt lalaLe^ were the
I
G'lg'ilgam, || and therefore it is said that the numaym G'Ig'ilgam 30|
was nursed on the right breast of their mother, and that the numaym
|
G'exsEm was nursed on the left breast of their mother. Therefore
|
they say that the numaym G'exsEm are descendants from the
younger brother, and that the numaym G'Ig'ilgam are descendants
|
from the elder brother. I onl}^ wish to talk about this. Theiri| 35
village was at K' !aq !a.
Now I will talk about ^maxuyalidze. He came up to XiidzE-
|
dzalis, the village of Yix'agame^. Then he invited him to come to
|
Qalogwis. Next ^maxuyalidze came to Tayagol and he invited
|
Lalax's^Endayo and he went to || l !aL lEqwaxLa and he invited 40
DzEnx"q!ay6 and he went to LE^lade and invited Hayahk'awe^, and
|
^maxiiyalidze did not go beyond LE^lade, but came back.
|
|
^lae laxg"a TsaxisEk* qaxs g'a^mae g'okille O^maxtlalaLe LE^wis 22
tsla'ye ^walas ^nEmogwis LE'wis ompe ^walas Kwaxilanokiima^ye.
Wa, g'alagawa^yesa LeMe ^maxuyalidzas qlwalax'ax'dEmas ts!a.
^yas O'maxt lalaLa^ye, yix ^walas ^nEm5gwise yixs xogEx"'sa ex'ts !Em- 25
Wa, la^lae k'edzelbalaxa ex'ts!Em. Wa, la^lae ^nek'e 0^maxt!alaLa-
^ye: "Lo^mak'asox g'exsEmox wisax. Wii, la^mesox LegadLEs G'ex-
sEm LE^wis El^nakiilaLa," ^nex'^lae. Wa, he^mis g'ag'tLElatsa
'jiE^memotasa G'ixsEm yixs ^nE^memotas O^maxt !alaLa^ya G'lgil-
gS,m. Wa, he^mis lag'iias ^nex'sowa dza^meda ^nE^memotasa G'Ig'il- 30
gamax helkMot'.iba^ye dzamses absmpe. Wa, la^lae dza^meda
^nE^memotasa G'exsEmax gEmxot lEba^ye dzamses abEmpe. Wa,
he^mis lagilas ^nex'so amayEnxayawada ^nE^memotasa G'exsEm.
Wa, la ^nolawallla ^ns^memotasa G'Ig'ilgam. Wa, fi,^mEn ^nex'gin
gwagwex'sEX'^ide laq, yixs hiie g'okule K" !aqa. 35
Wa, la^mesEn gwagwex's^alal lax ^maxuyalidze. Wa, g'ax^Em-
4ae g'ax^aLEla lax XudzEdzalis lax g'okfllasas Ylx'agEma^ye. Wa,
laEm^lae LelElaq cja las lax Qalogwis. Wa, g'ax^lae ^maxuyalidze
lax Tayagol. Wa, la LelElax Lalax's-'Enda^yo. Wa, la lax LlaLla-
qwaxLa. Wa, la LelElax DzEnx'qla^yo. Wii, la lax LE-lade. Wa, 40
la LelElax HayaUk'awa^ye. Wa, lieEm^lae wale ^maxiiyalidze Le-
^lade, g'axae aedaaqa.
1388 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Ieth. ann. 35
And Ha,yalik"awe^ came paddling after him, and, it is said, the
|
45 five tribes traveled after him. Then || they arrived at Qalogwis,
and ^maxiiyalidze gave away blankets and lynx skins and dressed
|
deer skins and mink skin blankets and yellow-cedar blankets to
|
those whom he had invited.
|
After ^maxuyaUdze had given a potlatch to his guests, then
|
50 ^walas Kwax^ilanokiime^, the father of O^maxtlalaLe^ || and of his
younger brother ^walas ^nEm5gwis, and Yix'agame^, and Haya-
|
hk'awe^ said that they would build houses atQ!abe^, and DzEnx"-
q !ayo built a house at Adap ! and Lalax's^Endayo built a house at|
Qalogwis, and after Lalax's^Endayo had finished building his
I
house, the ancestor of the numaym Kukwak !um came from
I
55 Waq !anak" || and they at once built a house at Qalogwis, and then
came SenL !e and he also built a house at Qalogwis, and Waliba^ye
| |
did the same, for he just came paddling along and saw the smoke of
|
Adap!. Then he paddled and went there, and at once he built a
|
60 house; and Waliba^ye came from || GwaxLala, when he first became
a man. The ancestors of the numayms LeLEged and Leq !Em built
|
houses at Adap ! They came from Os^Eq". That is how it hap-
|
pened that they came together. Now they invited one another in
|
the villages Qalogwis and Q!abe^ and Adap! for they were ready in
|
65 the villages they had built. || That is all now.
|
43 Wa, g"ax^Em^lae Hayalik'awa^ye se^wig"eq. Wa, laEm^lae se-
^wik'Ele ^maxu3-alidzaxa sEk' !asgE^makwe lelqwSlaLa^ya. Wa, la-
45 4ae lag'aa lax Qalogwise. Wa, laEm^lae ^maxuyalidze p!Esasa
^walasx'a LE^wa alag'lm LE^wa mEtsasgEm ^nEx^une LE^wa k' !oba-
wase laxes LelE^lakwe.
Wa, g'lpEm^lawise gwal yaqwa ^maxOyalidzaxes LelE^lakwe lae
'nE^mala ^nek'e ^walas Kwax'ilanokuma^ye yix ompas 0^maxt!ala-
50 La^ye, LE^wis ts!a^ye ^walas ^nEmogwis lo^ YIx'agEma^ye lo^ Haya-
lik'awa^ye qa«s la g'SkwIla lax Q!aba«^ye. Wa, la DzEnx'qla^yo
g'okwila lax Adap!. Wa, la Lalax's^Enda^yo g'okwila lax Qalo-
gwise. Wa, g'll^Em^awise gwale g'okwila^yas Lalax's^Enda^yo g-a-
xaas g'alasa ^nE^memotasa Kukwak !um g'ax'^id lax Waq!anak".
55 Wa, la4ae hex'^idaEm g'okwila lax Qalogwise. Wa, g'ax^lae SenL!e.
Wa, la^lae ogwaqa g'okwila lax Qalogwise. Wa, heEm^laxaawise
gwex'^ide Waliba^ye, yixs S.^mae sio^nakilla. Wa, la4ae dox^waLE-
laxa kwax'ila lax Adap !. Wa, la^lae sex^wid qa^s la laq. Wa, la-
^lae hex'^idaEm g'okwila laq. Wa, laEm^lae Waliba^ye g'ax'^id lax
60 GwaxLala, yixs hae g'll bEgwanEmx'^ide. Wa, g'ax^laeda g'alasa
^nE^memotasa LeLEgede LE^wa Leq!Em lax Adap! g'5kwila laq; yixs
hiie g'ax'^ide Os^Eq". Wa, hcEm gwex'^idaatsexs lae q!ap!ex'^ida.
Wa, laEm LelE^lapieda g'okiila lax Qalogwise LE^wa g'okttla lax
Qlaba^ye LE^va g'okula lax Adap!e, yixs lae gwegwales g'ig'okwila-
65 ^ye. Wa, laEm laba laqex.
XL VOCABULARY
ABBREVIATIONS
M. Annual Report of the U. S. National Museum for 1895, Wash-
ington, D. C.
III. Pubhcations of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. III.
Leyden, F. F. Brill.
V. Ibid., Vol. V.
X. Ibid., Vol. X.
C. Kwakiutl Tales, Columbia University Contributions to'Anthro-
pology, Vol. II.
R. Thirty-fifth Annual Report, Bureau of American Ethnology.
BAV. Boas Anniversary Volume, New York, G. E. Stechert, 1906.
(New) Newettee.
(Kos) Koskimo.
(Gwa) Gwasila.
The order of the Indian alphabet is as follows:
E, a, a, e (i), y, a, o (u), w.
h
b, p, p!
m
d, t, t!
s
dz, ts, ts!
n
g-, k-, k-!
g" (gw), k" (kw), k!" (k!w)
g, q, q'-
1, 1, L, L, L !
Words beginning with a glottal stop (^) are placed with the fol-
lowing sound, because the occurrence or non-occurrence of the stop
is not sufficiently certain.
Since y and e (i) ; w and o (u) are closely related, each of these
groups is treated as a unit, so that y and w followed by vowels pre-
cede e and o followed by consonants.
1389
KWAKIUTL-ENGLISH
E, a awinagEmala slow. R 626.64.
awaqw(a) to sit on summer-seat. Ill
E" exclamation indicating distress. Ill 265.15.
305.14. awaqwe^ summer-seat. R 310.7.
a exclamation indicating pain. C 52.26. awa- see wa.
aams bad luck, defiled. R 709.99. awaqlas liberal. Ill 118.93.
a^mela to spoil, to make mistake, to a^wal(i^lala) to walk about searching
bring ill luck. Ill 28.12; C 350.19 for something. R 705.3.
(Kos). aweqw(a) a dying person leaves his
aat!alag-ila to cause constipation. R relatives. R 714.34.
576.94. awila important. R 63.64.
a^ut eyebrows. Ill 87.23. a-wo great, pi. Ill 22.10, R 95.32.
aagala Moneses reticulata, Nutt. awodzEm great tribes.
ay(a) to pay shaman, es^aya. pi. C 350.4 awowaxEklus coarse gravel on
(Kos). ground.
ayabagES bappy. C 296.9 (Kos); a,waxats!6 to put inside. R 396.77.
ayaqlBS. R 1256.6 (Kos). aowak" big sheet of water, ocean. Ill
aedze great. C 206.16. 103.93.
a^yaso hand. R 114.77, e^eyaso pi. R aoms man of ordinary power (probably
132.39. only with kMes). 11X33.35, C 52.14.
ayag'Ek" fine adzing. aokluna (?) to pick for oneself. R 212.31.
a^y6s(Bla) to understand. Ill 238.30. ab- mother.
a^ayotsla to try to understand, abEmp mother; ebEuip pi. mother
aw- father. and aunts.
omp father. Ill 22.6; wi^womp pL abayad having a mother (from a
father and uncles, ancestors. C stem abas-). Ill 25.16.
28.25. aben^ mother!
as your—III 19.1, eas pi. C 30.9. abatso^ step-mother; wife of father's
a^wasala in company with father. or mother's brother.
Ill 277.34. abasEma end (?) R 111.9.
a^watso^ step-father, mother's or abane maggots,
father's sister's husband. C 86.24. aps- one side.
ask'lot father's side; i. e., the num- apsadze^ one side. C 66.31; R
aym to which the father belongs. 62.42.
R 1076.56. apsot one side. R 71.329.
awEl- plain, distinct. apsEyinx next year. R 352.31.
awElx-iya to shout (?) C 306.25 apsek' !is adherents of one chief,
(Kos). am- closed up, tight.
awElx's plainly discernible. R amxa water-tight. R 92.37.
63.72.
that it
awElplalto to become
filled entirely so
plainly amts!6 updis-
R 95.36.
cernible to eye. C forms a solid mass.48.3; to con-
vince oneself. Ill 154.16. amxi.a a hand width. R 81.56,
awElq- to desire, to wait for something. 147.22.
C 246.12 (New). amxstox^wid to close door. Ill
awElqlas stingy, avaricious. 77.23; a hole. Ill 168.22.
awElxiya to shout ('?) C 306.25 (Kos). amk'Eye^ cover of bucket.
a,wakEla slowly. R 701.32. amElk" a ceremony III 231.20.
1390
BOAS] VOCABTJLARY 1391
ama small pZ. 11118.10. a^na to fetch flre (see aneqa, ankwe^,
amex'^id to become small. Ill 40.8. inqa).
ama^inxe^ youngest child. Ill anobexs spark. R 273.82.
174.23. anogwa who? (Gwas), see angwa.
ama^yatse fifth child. ant- to gather herring-spawn.
amaElta to notice. Ill 12.7; C 248.1 aEnt herring-spawn. R 254.9.
(New). (amalEla ?) to notice a dan- ans(^a!il) to lie down. X 171.42.
ger signal. angwa who? Ill 67.31.
amaol mother! ankwes fire drill. Ill 352.8 (see aneqa,
amak"! excrements, a mess. 224.23 a^na, anqa).
(New). anqa to light. C 440.32 (see aneqa,
amax-^id to soil. C 224.17 (New). a^na, ankwe^).
amaqa sham-fight at time of marriage. anqula cloudy. M 681.5.
R 968.76. anwe« cloud. Ill 127.3; X 86.11.
amaxo brant goose, ak- firmly. R 580.13.
amyax- to praise, pray. X 19.5.26, C ag-ano m.nster (?). C 162.16.
336.1. ak-(a) salmon jumps. C 140.17, 142.3.
amos to decorate. M 670.1. aq- wide open. Ill 109.32.
amt- to fish sea-eggs. aqala open. R 90.83, 232.11.
aamtia to fish sea-eggs. R 163.10. axBk" welk" hollow cedar,
amdem sea-egg. C 130.20. aqsn omen. Ill 316.1.
amte^ boil, carbuncle, ax"- to skim off. R 278.66.
amlex"- to stay at home. Ill 325.37; aawa foam. Ill 103.93.
X 165.28. ax-p!alae8 (?ex-p!alaes). Heuchera mi-
ami- to play. C 4.18. crantha, Dougl., alum root.
amlqlEs remarkable. X 229.27. ax'^Elklils a fabulous being carrying
adEmgule crane. C 360.4. skull and thigh bones,
ada my dear! Ill 74.4; lord. C 334.16 ax- to do, to be, to take.
(Kos); a person in the line of primo- axa C 144.2.
geniture, axe« work. Ill 28.1.
—mother! axala to be. Ill 22.2.
adats father! Ill 29.26; my dear axstod to open door. Ill 15.6.
(woman)! C 314.23 (Kos). axela to keep. R 194.93; 231.27.
adaqwa to call to an assembly. C348.10 eaxEla to work. R 115.1.
(Kos). axas place. R 131.16,
adaxEnesElal to perform a Tongas ax^exsd to desire. R 223.13.
dance. M 730.12. aaxsila to prepare. R 292.1.
at- sinew. axmot tracks. C 14.18.
at!Em sinew. Ill 9.93. Bla fast, firm, tight. Ill 63.38.
adeg'e^ back sinew. R 158.40. Elg-a ballast. R 183.9.
asama red, long crab. Eldzo a new flat thing. R 130.34.
asx-i- to sneeze. Ill 470.29. alag'im dressed skin. Ill 51.24.
atso grandfather! Elaq almost. R 73.90.
a«nak- enough. Ill 101.93. alaxwa lehal game. Ill 112.93.
an^aneg-ila to do mischief. C 6.7; III ala to search. R 60.5.
14.93. alex"- to go sea hunting. R 222.24.
anewas spruce (Kos): see alex"- ale^was spruce. R 116.3.
anes father's, mother's sister. C aleSwats!e88.18; hunting-canoe. R 174.3.
eanes pi. Ill 58.39. ale^wadzEXEkula spruce patch. R
aneqa 111.4.to fetch firewood. 11145.35; (see aie'winox" sea-hunter. R 175.13;
a^na, ankwe^, anqa). es^ale^winox-" pi. R 178.83.
anex'^s^ae what is left over. Ill 406.7; ax^aie^watsiEs Juniperus sibirica
R'312.23. Burgsdorf.
1392 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
Elwat(a) to scratch. Ill 107.24.
Elmal- to bury. C 94.18; 412.34.
asa to urinate (woman). X 173.25.
eIs- sea-slug, holothuria. R 475.1.
R adzas urethra of woman,a=las 475.1.
iixwa to enjoy. Ill 25.1.
Els^aldza a small holothuria.
ajcula to desire.
eIs- meal.
eyol desired.
Eldze^ meat. Ill 21.9.
Elk'(a) to open clams. R 179.21.
Elk" attendant. Ill 26.19; a^yilk" pi.
Ill 23.5. yl- that. R 57.20; 63.61.
Elgunwe^ attendant side, name of a ylx that (object),
numaym. yls with that (instrumental).
Elkw(a) blood. Ill 197.22. yipa to join together in a row long par-
Elk-od to bleed. 111197.22. allel objects. Ill 28.2.
'
Elqala to arrive. X 64.29. yibElo twined weaving of cedar-
Elqw(a) to put out tongue. C 214.17. bark in food mats. Ill 178.21.
Elqiwenox" a person who takes dust yimxsa to burst. R 536.40.
out o£ eye with tongue. yimia to cut, split game, to burst. R
ElxLa last, after. Ill 210.14. 248.35.
ELXLala to follow. Ill 54.26; to ytsxEn plant, stem. R 190.39; 208.11.
do last. R 99.37. yint- to gnaw (beaver, rat, squirrel; not
al- just. R 213.11. used for mouse). Ill 130.17.
alElxsde last. R 161.41. yInasEla to be in canoe on water. C
alomas. fresh, new. R 236.5. 380.12 (Gwas); war-canoe. Ill 469.34.
alolaq new (canoe). R 125.4. yincsa to give food. C 346.1.
alExsEm fresh (stone). R 264.15. yinka to recompense. X 231.27; to
alta fresh. R 308.75. take revenge. X 207.25.
aleg'a to add new ones (=new on yayEng'ayoxawe^ neck-ring of war-
back). C 298. 7 (Kos). rior. Ill 214.36.
alEwil different places in house. R ylnk'la to throw with sliBg-stones. C
193.6. 192.4.
aL else. Ill 19.4. yiiyinklalayu ? R 202.8.
aL- inland, shoreward. yik'a bent halibut-hook. V 472.6.
aL'e^ inland. R 57.2. yikwe^ cover. R 81.68.
aLa^Em wolf. X 57.20; eaLa^nEm yikwil parents of twins. Ill 67.14.
pi. X 57.18. yiqa to knit a net. R 163.10.
aLolenox" wolf. C 160.25. yayaqEtlenega spider (= net-mak-
aLlasEmk' a fabulous inland people. ing woman),
aLEqIanEm land food (berries, roots, yix-a fast. Ill 467.27.
'etc.). C 324.34; land birds. C yaya^na to try to be fast. Ill
232.16. 231.39.
aLla(nux.'') (having as) servants. M yix'stloL as you sayl III 70.42.
667.10. yExwa flood tide. R 72.66.
aL(Ela) to break (a rope). C 38.8. yixula high-water. R 181.61.
al^id to tear, break (rope). R 323.4. ya^x''m6t high-water mark. R
aLlaliL death (=breath breaks). Ill 72.66.
202,93. yeixoxsoL deluge. C 82.10.
aLEla dentalia. Ill 89.14. fyExwa to dance. Ill 72.31.
aLalEls secret meeting in house. yEx"8Emef tallow. R 104.5 (see yasEk").
aLEbalaa. cooked black seaweed. yExwa land looms up.
aLEbo seven. R 61.25. yilala serves him right! Ill 97.34.
aLlBk-- pregnant. C 274.17. (New) ylls(a) to rub on. Ill 64.25.
.
boas] VOCABULAKY 1393
ytlkw(a) to hurt. Ill 29.35. yaq!- to speak. R 218.9.
yllk'liga^lEla to scold, to blamf. yaq!Ega^l to begin to speak. Ill
C 14.24. 12.3.
ytlkw(a) to carry long, stiff thing on yaq!Ent!ala to speak. Ill 11.11.
shoulder. R166.il. yax^wid to fan fire, C 396.25.
ytlq(a) sore eyes. yax(a) to melt. R 150.30.
yaytlqama Symplioricarpus race- yaxk!(a) to hop on one foot (Kos
mosus. yaik!a).
yilxw(a) to hang skulls of enemies on yala to be wrong. Ill 145.24; to van-
poles. 3.19. quish. M 670.12.
yilxtila to hang over pole. Ill syalaqa to send. Ill 102.36.
157.5. yiilaq- ostentatious. Ill 448.31.
ytlx''s- yal(a) to dig clams. Ill 353.33 (New).
yilx"dzayu dancing-boards. C yaya^lEm clams. Ill 350.17.
100.26. yalkM(a) to hop on one foot (Kos,
^yU(a) to spread legs. C ICO. 11. Kwag'ul yaxk'!a).
yiL(a) to tie in bundles. Ill 28.22. yaLia take care. Ill 29.34.
ylLEm band for tying. R 112.26. yaL!6pEla to feel choked, asthma.
ya- to decline. G 52.5; lo give up. C «ya (exclamation of disgust). C 144.29;
344.8. yai. C 10.24.
ya- to hang down loose. V 486.30. yiiwixila to give a winter dance. Ill
^ya oh! (called from near by). 11111,11. 58.5, 85.17.
^ya oh! (called from a distance), yaq- property.
ya- to work, to do, to use. yaqala property. Ill 108.3.
yanEm game. Ill 22.13. yax^LEn paraphernalia. C 304.3.
yala to continue. C 54.21. yagwik-ila armring. C 246.26, 28 (New).
ya^yat8!e canoe. R 129.11. yaiaqw(a) to sing sacred song. 111150.30.
£yaa mother! C 256.33 (New). yexsto to refuse to give up. III224.29;
yawap(a) to set sail. Ill 256.2. R 224.20.
yawapleq mast. R 100.10. yelnEku(la) to fish salmon . Ill 305.4.
yawabEm sail. R 100.10. £yaL!6 take care! C 124.18; 142.11.
yawas- to do for a short while. R110.39. ^ya call from a distance. Ill 12.3.
yiiwix'- to move, to shake. C 186.17. yox"- wind
yam(g-iltala) to drag along on water. C yala wind. Ill 131.3.
208.1 (New), yE^weL to blow into. Ill 103.9.
yat- to rattle. Ill 459.33. (see yawapa to set sail).
yadEn rattle. Ill 459.31. yal(a) to appease, to tame, to calm. Ill
yatlEq rattle. Ill 224.3.
59.39.
yasEk" fat. R 108.82 (see yEx"aEme^).
yii that near thee. R 59.67.
eyak-- bad. C 18.21.
^yak-ali! to get excited. M syo^ya cold wind. R 95.43.670.8.
syax-sEm yiiis to catch olachen in dipnetbad. C at end160.25.
fyax-p!ax8ta of weir,to scold. C 362.10.
^yak'4 to vanquish. C three.6.13. yudux" R 202.41.
fyag"lm sea-monster. C 34.27. ^y6s(a) to eat with? spoons. R 247.27.
syax'yEg-il intestines. R 174.25. ^y6^yats!e dish from which food is
^yEyag'ls bad weather. R 253.14. eaten with spoons. R 358.26.
^yiigilwat inexperienced. R 177.60. ^yEwek" eaten with spoonsO^yos-
yaq"- to lie dead. C 10.13. k"). R 323.18.
yaq"- to distribute, to give a potlatch. syogwa rain. R 240.20.
Ill 59.3. ^yogux'^id to begin to rain. R
yaqwe^ woodworm. 198.24. 203.51.
75052—21—35 eth—pr 2 39
1394 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL I Kl'H. ANN. 36
^yuk!\va slate. eq(a) to bewitch. 111426.30.
yulag-a to stay. Ill 406.18. es%qa to put disease into tree for
yol- to drift. Ill 149. IS. witchcraft or cure (=pe8pata).
yolala. to drift down. ex(ala) to come near. R 216.21; C
sya^laL to warn. C 14.1. 222.16. exagaaiEla to approach.
yiiL thou. R 675.44. C 380.19.
ex'^aka to agree. C 386.28.
exdzo left on a fiat thing. R 228.24.
(see ax-).
eaw- plural of words in aw-. K 99.28. exEnta to menstruate. C 440.25.
eEn to quarrcd (referring only to hus- ex"me devil's club (Fatsia horrida). V
band and wife). R 742.8.
473.21.
ewaqa to round a point. C 220.12 (New)- exsEm semen. Ill 285.9.
ep(a) to pinch. R 208.11. eLlExsde^ precipice. R 173.11.
ebayu dice.
^g'iwe^ bow of canoe. R 96.59.
eps- pi- of aps-. R 157.7.
(a-) father, see aw-,
ed- to harpoon (Kos). Ill 375.14.
a- only. R 58.36, 195.9.
edEm menstrual fluid. C 440.23.
et- again.
edEtae^ greatgrandchild. 0312.22
(Kos). a.^ only. 18.14.
etled again. Ill 8.10. a^e innocent, not having had sexual in-
edzaqwa to speak again. Ill 234.42; tercourse,
aedaaqa to go back. R G8.81. aya burden of song,
es- not. C 148.25. atsao, ats! father! (addressed). Ill 90.34.
es- to wait. ax- C 18.25?
esEla to wait. Ill 42.18. axa foot of mountain. Ill 165.27 (aw-
es^esa to wait from time to lime. C axa).
axsole Veratrum Eschholzianum (R. &174.19.
C S. Gray). R 175.8; a person of evilaesayu to beg. Ill 173.21; 60.20.
temper,
esEtslaak" wearing abalone :?hells in
ala real. R 140.19.
ears. Ill 104.37.
al- quickly.
esEgiwe^ added. R 65.19. ahlEqEla to run quickly. 111413.29;
aitsikasoL oh wonder! M 707.1.
to handle roughly,
ek- good. R 122.48; es^sk- pi. R 200.41. ealtsila quickly. R 190.43; to treat
exp!a sweet. 142.13 Amelan- roughly. R 187.24.
chier florida, Lindley. aibala quickly. R 302.42.
ex'fakaeqEla to like. C 146.20. alita to do mischief. Ill 285.2, X
ek'leqEla to be glad. X 3.31. 81.37.
eg'idzala good weather. R 202.29. alls greedy, desirous to get wealth
eg'ilwat expert. R 116.17. quickly.
ek o to be victorious. C 104.32. aLat!a but later. Ill 146.8.
ex'ba sharp. R 69.11.
egis sand. R 190.31. 6, w
aegis fine weather. R 203.50.
6 (exclamation).
aek!a well. R 58.34. oxwa to cry "oh"'. M 668.0.
ek-! above. M G81.3. 6- noun of locality; before vowels aw-.
ek-!e«sta to go up. 386.21. obe^ point. R 197.13.
ekMsbala slanting rafters of house awilbe^ point of land. R 254.2.
(Kos); see pux"bala (Kwag'ul). wiVyims(^id) to die. X 208. 2 (New),
eklEnxe^ upper edge. R 99.40. wuyoqlwa to shove into. V 332.11.
ekw(a) to clear house. 256.14. wQyoqiuxLasx'iiye^ jawbone.
egulEnd to cut off branches. R wud(aia) cold. R 194.16.
151.25. wudasoE cooled. R 198 21.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1395
wus- to rub herring spawn. R 422.13. wulgEme^ thick. Ill 310.22.
wudzEk" meat of salmon, cut off. wulxwa love.
R 223.9. wulxwas love charm,
wilsale a small barnacle. wtjlxkwas nanolawayoxa tslEdaq
wuy(EnxEnd) to lift (edge). R 89.66. (love charm, means of making
wusek' (aia) to have on a belt, women foolish) Drosera rotundi-
wuseg'ano belt. R 118.2. folia L.
wusd(ala) wise, careful. Ill 397.4 (Kos). WElxwaxsde^ tail of salmon. R 223.7.
Ewan(a) to hide. Ill 12.4. wul in vain. Ill 54.38.
wun(a) to drill. wiH(Exsa) to put (aboard) with hand
wun(xLa) to change (name). C 320.30 (from a steep rock). R 215.63.
(Kos), see wan(a). wtilga a bird, diver.
wu(nsEla) to be under water. wilL(a) to ask, question. Ill 16.6.
wilns^id to sink. Ill 144.6. wiiLEla to hear. Ill 11.9.
^wQnEmta to bury. Ill 07.20. WUL-
wunala drunk, dazed. R 199.37. wilLlax horn, antler. Ill 17.9; R
wunwilnx'isa a bother! C 94.12. 104.12.
wiinaldEm inlet. R 155.27. wa river. R 190.33; water runs,
wunq"- pine wood. waatsle gorge, C 14.10.
wunagul red pine. R 88.45. wa^tala tributary of river. 22.20.
wunq(Ela) deep. Ill 11.1; R 60.10. wayalas slough. R 303.11.
wuk'- to break off. wamis fish obtained from river.
wukMala noise of rolling rocks. Ill 46.5; R 231.3.
196.25. wiwak'ayEwats!e fisherman's hook-
wuqliis frog. Ill 171.7; man with pro- box; R 302.5.
jecting eyes, green teeth, livid color. waxwa^s branch of river. Ill 27.3.
wEqIwa brother of sister, sister of wiwabEs pintail duck (=fond of
brother, cousin of opposite sex. G river).
386.34, 390.13. wa that is all! C 46.27.
wuxaLa layiigwa Ligusticum. ^wa- size, awa- pi.
wE(la) to make a box by bending. R ^wadzo wide. R 62.50.
62.51. ^wasgEm length. R 57.9.
wul- to pick out (?). ^wag'it thickness. R 84.50.
wiwElgEmak" all tribes. M 669.20. «wabEts!a depth. R 107.70.
wElgillao^we picked ouf III 258.5. ^waxaas number. R 81.55.
WElg'ilas ? R 64.85, 93, 1. ^wawayas time. Ill 59.15.
wul^a) to stop, to arrest. M 668.11; C wahaiya burden of song. M 706.9.
24.18. waileqayaLa zigzag. M 670.1.
wCilg'ustala to ascend. M 684.21. waya-
wul^nakula to turn back. C 4.25. wa^yapolEla a person of a rank not
wule^x" young seal. 146.12. high enough to go to a chiefs' meet-
wuleLE^las easy (?). Ill 108.2. ing, one who does not pay his
wulopa to eat roasted salmon, debts. R 196.16.
wills- to succeed. wayatslala to be feeble. C54.5.
wawultsEwax'^id to try to go up wawESElilas ? R 358.25.
river. C 22.7. wawulak'esla clover roots. Ill 95.25.
wawiildzowa to try one's luck. Ill wawolaqula to shout for pain. 54.10.
124.13. waoyakila tide-maker. 378.8.
tvElk-(a) ring shaped. Ill 27.17. waogwa^la to break wind. C 264.27
WElxsEmala to tie up a box. Ill (New), (xweL!Eg'a^l Kwagui).
286,10. waok" several, others. R 71.52, 106.41.
wawElcEme^ bigh tide. R 183.2. wawiyak'ila skirt.
. .
1396 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IETH. ANN. 35
wawedzElaqwa to cry 'ho" whilo lift- (wi)waq6de^ joints. R 79.13.
ing copper. Ill 449,26. wawaq laaayu fo beg for remains of feast;
'wap water. R 74.5. to eat with wife. R 308.74, 78.
^wapage^ juice. R J 15.89. waq!onex''8i.a oh! I forgot! Ill 115.23.
^wilpala liquid. R 247.28. wax- although. R 82.8.
^wE^waplEm fresh water. R 88.53. wax's- on both sides. R 248.38.
wamag'i goose. C 375, note, ^waxaas number. Ill 30.43.
^wat- wax- to have mercy.
^wa-'wade kelp. R 192.18. wax^ed to have mercy. Ill 54.8.
^wadolkala kelp-patch. R 177.50. waxlas please! 388.11.
wat(Ela) to lead. C 36.5; to pull (up a hawax-Ela to beg, to pray. Ill
canoe).' R 97.81. 41.28.
wadEnotslExsde sheets of sail. R ^wax^waxOle thrush. Ill 298.40.
100.8. waxola^we water hemlock.
wadEk" dressed deerskin. R walEmk'(a) to endeavor to do a thing
296.80. well. 11164.11.
was(a) to spawn (herring). R 255.23. ^wal(a) to stop. R 76.46 (see will-),
^was- dog. ^walas large sing. Ill 26.1 (iwo pi.).
^watsle dog. Ill 18.10; ^waotsle pi. ^walaas distance. R 110.26.
C 394.10. ^walasgEm size. R 135.20.
^wayayuk" hunting dog. 11118. 7. ^wala^yas size. R 59.46.
^wats! grandfather! ^walEnsElas depth of water. R
^wadzEga grandmother! 182.22.
^wadzid master! (=dog owner), ^walaedzas depth in water. R
^wayad brave. 180.34.
was- ^walagustowe height. R 140.23.
wiis^Elaxwa to be hungry. 2,34.20 -walas^axaak" a ceremonial (great
(New). one made to come from above),
wasdE^ma pit of stomach. C 234.23 ^walasx'e lynx (=big tooth). M
(New), 679.16).
was- ^walasila to distribute blankets after
wawats !a to give a marriage present sale of copper (=to do a great
R 432.8. thing).
wawadzolEm to please. Ill 152.1. ^walaLa snow reaches to a certain
wiwusila to desire sympathy. C height. 14.3.
4G7. ^waUbae^ feared one, warrior. Ill 60.40,
wawas-id to take a short time. C 222.7 217.27.
(New). wala(la) being in a condition, state.
wanEm dead. Ill 97.30. Ill 231.33; V 357.17.
wan(a) to exchange places. C 224.11 walaq- to desire. Ill 410.6.
(New). waltsax'^id to be impressed. 382.8.
wa^ne^ herring. R 184.1. (Gwas)
wan(ala) poor. C 254.24 (New), waldEm word. R 248.46; wish.
wanex^id to get impatient. Ill 327.30; Ill 25.3. waldEm pi.
X 14.11. waL- love.
wa^ncxsila to maltreat. M 670.6. wMala to talk lovingly, to joke.
wanola to cure. C 328.5 (Kos). waL(Bla) lover. C 208.4.
wak'(ala) ring shaped. R 165.60. wawaL!EX«id to pity. Ill 33.6.
wax'be bent at end. R 134.10. waLaqala to listen to each other. Ill
wiwakuye^ leaves of eel-grass. R 513.60. 362.21 (see wiiL-, hoL-)
wagiilos rainbow. Ill 110.21; C 384.15. wawaLaq!a to inquire. ' 160.1.
waq"- cape. wa go on! well! Ill 7.6.
waxsa cape. Ill 29.42. wiila to lift. R 96 64.
waqumd to wear cape. 11130.1. fwe- how. 22.5, where; III 44.24.
BOASJ VOCABULARY 1397
wl- not. aokMitna R 220.22.
wiyoL not to obtain. Ill 2.'>5.12. 6dz(ala) wrong. C 374.26.
wex-nd cannot. M 683.1; C 148.19. odzElqEla to feel uneasy. C 322.11
weklEx^id to die. (Kos).
wlbalisEm to be at end. R 177.71 aotslEga food does not agree. R
wiqius not to believe. C 366.12. 342.3.
wiiLa weak. C 58.30. odzig'ila to have an accident. C
wiyalal to fear to die. C 320.21 (Kos). 16.13.
wiyoq!uge^ inside. R 102.10. ogu'la other, different. R 65.12.
wiwa^q"' wolf. M 666.13. ogwaqa also. Ill 8.9.
wis male, male infant. Ill 296.1. oguqala different. Ill 46.5.
win(a) to go to war. Ill 241.40. 6qw(a) gray hair. C 312.20.
^wek'(a) to carry long, stiff thing (fire- oqwane redbreasted hawk (?) owl (?).
wood, pole) on shoulder. Ill 252.43 M 680.17.
(not used for canoe). oqwata many clams roasting over fire.
weq(a) to lift. Ill 75.12. 6q!usa to believe. Ill 247.15.
weqwa to shove a long thing. Ill 464.1. oxsaak" single. Ill 464.14.
wi^x^stEnd to launrh a canoe. R 6xL(ala) to carry on back (basket, deer,
192.85. roots, cedar bark).
weqw(a) brave. Ill 303.19. oxLaak" load. Ill 70.11.
£win(a) all. R 180.40. oxLEX'id to carry on back. R 72.-
^wilEnkQla to carry all. R 210.7. 62.
wilEm smooth side of tree. R 60.12. oxLolEm pack strap. R 132.41.
wel- cedar. aoxLaas pack strap. R. 110.35.
welk" cedar. R 60.5. 61(ala) to wait. Ill 344.8.
wil^En consisting of cedar. R olalalahe (exclamation) . C 206. 16 . ( New).
141.32. olegln wolf,
wil child (for wis in pronunciation of olala slanting. R 69.92.
deer). C 160.20. h
wil(a) thin. R186.16; wiswula pi. R
191.69. hElk-la to protect. Ill 46.34.
was to feel sorry. C 320.19. hElax^id to pay. C 246.27 (New).
wasala to have pity. Ill 206.37. ha (exclamation). M 693.12.
wawadzolEm to please. Ill 152.1. ha(g-a) go on! Ill 64.9.
wiwasilaga to be poor. Ill 330.15. hai hamats!a's cry. M 691.3.
wakw(a) thick (layer). R 249.57. hayimbEnd straight to end. R 193.14.
walEuxe^ edges. R 70.24. hayahayaha fool dancer's cry. M 706.1.
wo go ahead! R 97.66; yes C 142.17. haya^mala to desire. C 78.3.
ivoi call of Winalag'ilis. C 30.16. haiaraot sign, mark. C 22.23.
w6kw(a) to bark. Ill 423.2. hayasEkala married couple. R 59.53.
6y(a) slow. R 46.93 hayasEla to eat before going out. Ill(?)
6p(a) to whisper. Ill 80.34. 403.26; R 201.3. (sfc heyasEla).
6^m(a) chieftainess. Ill 354.15. hayasElalai.ElaLis cutting veins. M
o^mayo greatness (high rank). 695.9.
pain hayanoxa roundheaded (clubs). Vomat(a) ceases,
4 76..35.
o^mas great. C 192.1 (New).
hayaqa to pass. R 121.28. 272.73.
o^mis unusual. Ill 196.20; funny. C hayegi to imitate. Ill 270.35.
150.11. hayosEla to go across. R 78.94.
6t(a) to perforat-e. 118.18. hayot rival. Ill 248.12.
6da(x-£id) suddenly. Ill 412.21. hay61t!ala to bring out of woods. C
6%de stone hammer. Ill 332.35 (Kos, 24.23.
New), hayalilagas invisible spirit. Ill 423.2;
aotslaqala lengthwise (?). R 84.61. C 322.5.
1398 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKHTL IKIU. ANN. 35
hayaltsama to keep secret. C 24.29. ha^m—Continued.
hayaLO told. M 683.15. hamala to keep in mouth.
toyaLlola to warn. Ill 29.39. (See hamsgEmd toswallow. Ill 152.10.
yaLla). ha-maats!e poxuns stomach. R
hayemamamai cry nf k inqalaLEla. M 406.28.
694.10. bamamame. cry of salmon weir dancer.
haioa bear dancer's cry. M 705.15. M 710.3.
hayu exclamation used when salmnn is haniaa a monster. M 708.7.
seen. C 142.2. hamalEla close together (?) 111452.36.
hayoyiyi salmon dancer's cry. M 709.8. hamasElal wasp dancer (?) M 710.7.
hayo hai ho Dzonoqlwa's cry. M 711.2. hamdzatsle wasp nest. M 710.7.
hayu huya wolf's cry. C 144.18. haniEhiLEla to spread over, to cover (a
hayiitEla to make noise. M 669.6. fluid). R 144.31.
hayoqod to select. C 58.12. hamElqlQla to admonish. C 386.15.
haidai cannibal's cry. M 692.9. hamasElalis grebe.
hawanaqa'qEldtol with matted pubic hamaxsta grebe, name in myth,
hair. C 134.8. hamanekwa to be dazed. R 199.42.
hawakas great, dreadful. M 706.8. hamanxulal laughing dance. M 667.2. (?)
hawaxEla to beg. R 104.7. (Seewax^-) hame' monstrous! Ill 147.18.
ha^winalEla to frighten away. C 352.25; hamo' pidgeon (Columba fasciata).
R 176.41. hamomo backbone. R 243.30.
haha'ne Clarengula hyemalis. hamotsena a plant.
hahe burden of.song. M 694.14. hamt(Ela) to carry a ])erson or child on
hahogwala to meet. C 340.19 (Kos). back, in 70.19: C 20.13.
hap- to dip. hams(a) to pick salmon berries. R211.].
hapstEnd to dip into fluid. R 58.42. hamkw(a) to put head down sideways.
habayo brush. R 58.42. hamxhamk!a buzz; block for hoisting.
hap- hair on body. hamxw(a) to ru.sh forward. X 82.6.
haep!6ma skins of animals. Ill hada pet. C 308.23 (Kos).
140.1. hadane a fish (Anoplopoma fimbria),
habEs^ane^ goatskin. C 12.9. hado^ grandmother! C 142.7.
haboldzEm pubic hair, hat!(Ela) to disobey. Ill 45.19; to urge;
habaxsole Ribes echinatum Mndl. C 344.7 (New).
hap- cannibal cry. has he. C 66.11.
ha^m- to eat. has(a) tobreathe. Ill 33.14; to leak. R
ha-'map to cat. R 233.42. 299.57.
ha-maes edible parts. R 278. G7. ha^yala noise of breathing,
ha'mot remains of food. R 246.93. hase^ breath, keepsake (from sweet-
hamex'sila to cook. R 247.17. heart).
hamexsilElgis cook. C 356.23. hask'aedze^ stomach piece of sal-
he^maomas kinds of food. R 196.16. mon (=giving short breath).
ha-'mawala food. R 226.29. hadzEk" washed in wolf's dung as
ha^mayo fork. R 375.54. protection against disease,
hamshamtslEs a member of a can- hatsala leaks through. R 299.57.
nibal society, has(Ela) aloud. R 97.66.
hamatsla a member of a cannibal hats!Exsde wolf's tail. C 232.4
society. M 685.19. (New),
hamatslElaqwa to utter cannibal hashena to prepare. R 302.6.
cry. M 689.1. hasdExw(a) loose (moss). R 196.22.
hamsiwe^ cannibal head mask. M hadzapama Achillea asplcnifolia.
687.1. hadzapamaxLawe= Matricaria matri-
hilm.sp!eq pole erected in house of carioides (len.) Porter,
cannibal. M 691.5. hatsawe dolphin. Ill 99.27.
lillASj VOCABULARY 1399
han- an open vessel is somewhere, sing. ha^la(bala) Continued.
hanx'^id canoe stops. Ill 79.2. halak'a to become small, to change
han^wala canoe is on water. C in size quickly,
354.9. ha-lamamalaga mouse. C 232.13
hanx'Lala kettle (=open vessel on (New),
fire). hivlamalaga mouse (Kwag).
ha^nEm small kettle. R 373.12. ha=l;ila to hesitate. Ill 460.6; C 316.5
hanagwes Lumpenus Lampeteraeformis. (Kos).
hanbEnd to put end into mouth (for haxulal begging dance, C 320.25 (Kos).
hambEnd?) 170.6. hale insufficient, weak,
ha^n(aia) to continue. Ill 21,14. halek" (war name) passionate, easily
hanasxawe^ collarbone of porpoise, excited,
hanak'a to request, to ask leave. R halyoqwa to send forth weakness,
319.3. halo a fish (Stolephorus Perthecatus).
hasnakw(ela) to do quickly. R 75.27. halsEla almost. R 75.24.
hanenax" to desire to go. Ill 403.20. halExsEmd to -spread over. X 62.9.
haneq!(ala) to growl. R 35.24. halaqa to pay. Ill 44.33.
hano a small fish. 111349.17. halaxsa to send word. Ill 171.15; C
hankw(a) to curse. 260.13.
hanq(Ela) to carry in one corner of haqa to pass. (See hayaqa.)
blanket. C 42.25. hax'SEq!a to go over, to be too
hanqwalaene^ bent. R 196.19. much (?) R 284.71.
hanx"- humpback salmon. hax" to rock cradle. Ill 208.14.
hafnon humpback salmon. Ill 102.8. he that.
hanx(a) to look into a hole. 111110,24, hayinsEla to sink. C 6.2.
hanL(a) to shoot. haxEla to go down. R 403.9.
hanaL'Em arrow. C 46.18. hebEndala straight to end, the
hak!w(a) to remain in a certain state. whole. R 114.71.
204,22, hemEnala always. R 61,37.
hagw(ala) to watch. Ill 30.8. he^nakula to move along to there.
haq(a) (face) swells. C 196.30. C 28.26.
haqw(a)a) to lie face down. 111120.42; i heg'axsa still to continue. C 12,15.
R 273,98. I heg'ustala straight up. C 4.24,
haqiwayu chest of seal, sea lion hexsEnd to split, R 70,20.
i
(=:means of lying on rock). henel R 299.73.
j
haqwenekala to lie on top of one hamEnsEla to sink. R 297.31,
another. C 164.10; R 245,84. heyadzo strip of berry cake. R 269.1;
hax'itlOd to open mask, C 82.25. rough surface (?) R 96.57,
hax-6 (dog) howls. C 16,.30, C 256,32, hayadzEwatsIe box for strips of ber-
haxhaqwamas to eat whole. C 154,11, ' rycakes. R 274.17.
hE=x"ts!EgEmala canoe goes stern first. heyasEla to eat breakfast before going
R 213.21 (hE^x^dzEgEmata?) out. Ill 403.26. (See hayasEla.)
haxw(a) to climb a' tree. Ill 354.29; hewagEmx'tslana fingers tapering to-
C 212.14. wards points,
(hal- to kill). hewaxa never. R 92.40.
halayu means of killing, death hewiyod R 242.23.
bringer. Ill 14.3. heod to faint. M 682.19; C .348,9 (Kos).
hala to come back. Ill 213.10. heEnx summer. R 216,2,
ha£la(bala) quickly. R 124,99. he he he he (exclamation), C 206,17
halag'a go away! C 160,3, (New),
halak-Iala to tell to hurry, C 18,3. heheka never. C 310.33 (Kos).
halaxwa to eat quickly, C 382,21 hemotElaso^ (war name).
(Gwaa). hamotEla (?).
1400 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKITTL IkTII. ANN. 35
he8Ek(ula) woman goes to li vo with hiis- [ hoi cry of Winalag ilis. ('30.15.
band. Ill 466.32. hoip cry of shamans, intended to calmI
hiyasEk'ala married couple. Ill excited dancers. Ill 419.15.
67.9; R 59.53. howagila to warn X 186.16; to notify
honak'.ala to speak badly of some one. C 164.26.
M 669.18. homata to look on. C 146.15.
henak'{ila) to resort to some act as a last homhom blue grouse (Dendragopus ob-
means. M 727.10. scurus fuliginosus).
hegus^ola to cause an accident. C h6t(a) to pass. X 196.4 (New); to leave,
146.14. C 370.31 (Gwas).
hek-Iid to kill. C 104.12. h6s(a) to count. Ill 463.35; R 463.35.
heyakula C 182.31. hEwek" counted. R 435.70.
hekwela to make on purpose. R 250.87. hodzatsle small shed for widow or
hegulEn to follow a root in digf^ing. R sick people (counting-house?; see
195.20. ho-),
haiq!Enxiilag'ilis reaching in front of hos thine. Ill 107.37.
him. M 694.6. hostalagimo mythical name of ghosts.
hex(t!e) fish head. R 223.3. 158.12.
hExhax- to eat fish head. R 338.39 hosaxwatala buzzing in ears,
hExhak" (?)hExhaq" eat salmon. R (hok").to
h6x"h6k" a mythical cannibal bird.
307.51.
16.2.
hexwa to deny having done Illsomething,
M hox^hokwayak' pelican (= hox"-haixwanoma to come to dance. (?)
hok" of sea).
709.4. h6qw(a) tovomit. III449.16; togo,pL
hel(a) right. R 307.56.
hayalig'ila to make right, to lame a hoqiwale Glaux maritima var. obtusi-
dancer. M 724.4. folia (Fernald).' R 194.1.
hiiyaKa right size, pZ . R 184.19. hoxw(a) to split v. w. Ill 256.23.
hilyaiag'it right size. R119.il. holata a little. R 237.27.
haailak'eme^ shamans, h6lEm(ala) to acquire easily. Ill
hilala to arrive in one day. 139.43.
heleg ind to serve a second course holE'matse nest of humming bird, a
in meal. R 323.19. charm for obtaining property
helikaso sacred. C 100. IG. easily.
helomagEm medium size. R 140.14. h6Le(la) to listen.
helgaa to arrive in one day (Kos).
helala enough. R 72.56. b
hela-^liila to put up right. R 206.27. bsde panther.
helo^mala to be in time. Ill 15.10. bEn(a) underneath, below. R 176.37.
helogwila period of ten months. bEn(a) to fit. R 98.7.
hand R bEns(a) bashful. Ill 458.4.helklOltslana right 69.93.
bfiko to loan canoe. Ill 341.38.
hetqiala to allow. C 54.8; R 171.79.
R (bEk"-)heloL to get enough. 84.43. bEgwauEm man. R 77.78.
hela (hcla?) to hire. R 211.3, 216.72. bEgwanEmqlala common man. V
he^los great-grandparent. 441.15.
he-lokwine great-grandson. 386.2. begwis merman.
he^lokwinegas great-granddaughter. bEgwil common man. R 275.36.
hoxwa to whistle (like steamer) to say bEgULElek'ila to have a secret hus-
"ho." band. X7.1.
ho- bEkwe^ owl (Nyctala acadica).
ho^s small shed for mourners and bEkumala man. C 312.6 (Kos).
sick people. Ill 53.39. bEklus woodman (a fabulous being
hogwaElsag'ila to make shed in that takes drowned people). Ill
woods. Ill 87.3. 258.28.
BOAS ] VOCABULARY 1401
(bEk"-)—CoEtinued.
bexils part of a corpse.
bEx"s6 to appear. X 6.29. (See pEta to treat with medicine, to put dis-
buxsa).) ease into tree for cure. C 38.4.
bEx^une soul. pespEtqIala to treat a child with
babagum boy. charms to give it power over ani-
babaklwa warrior. C. 338..5 (Kos). mals.
baguns. visitor. Ill 116.16. (pes-) flounder
bak-awef body. R 185.6. paes flounder R 181.51.
baklum. Indian (=real man). pEpayEm a fish (Lepidopsetta bili-
baxus secular. C 206.1.5. neata).
bEq!ui(Ela) to be sleepy. Ill 37.14, paspEs to eat flounder. R 417.68.
139.17; R 199.39. papa^ya to fish flounders. R 157.1.
baqlulawe bai. Ill 308.41. pEsEmala to get easily. Ill 457.22.
bex(a) to cut. R 299,69. pEsEne^ skin. R 110.42. (See pask'en.)
bEXOt torch. Ill 422.17. (Heldza-'q"?) pEntslala to put in. R 236.9.
bEl(a) to forbid. C 246.21. pEnpEnsbe' bladder at end of kelp. V
BElxiila Bellacoola. Ill 466.34. 476.13.
bElx(a) to spread out roots, (pEngwid?) pEnkwa (?)
basamas to wear off, to chafe through. pEnq(a) to glare. M 729.10.
basbEle^ finsof fish, porpoise. Ill 304.3. pEnL(a) stout. Ill 49.15.
baka tomeet. Ill 131.7 (bEka C6.25) pEk'Iala to talk wearily. Ill 450.20.
bagwane skate. Ill 266.36, pEko coiled, imbricated basket.
bakw(a) to fish halibut. C 308,16 (Kos). pEqw(a) pliable. R 90.81. (pekwa?)
baku(la) R 382.63. pEX'(a) to heat.
bakwenok" (?) potlatch. Ill 426.21. pEnk" heated, blistered. R 352.44.
bebaklwime to endure. Ill 67.25. pEx'it kelpfish Pleurogrammus
baqlala to smack lips, (=heaton body). R 182,24.
baxus secular. Ill 17.13. pEneg'a to warm back. C 166,16,
babax"sila to paint face (?) (p!ep!aq!- pEnayo hook for kelpfish, ' R 152.2.
ugEmd?). pExw(a) to float. R 68.20.
bax^wid to swell. C 26.15. po^nakula to float along.
bEwek" pregnant. Ill 67,11. pawaas place of floating. C 36.10.
botsle womb. X 172.41,
pEl(a) thin. R 164.25.
bolage ring of womb.
pElspEla pi. R 134.5.
bobogwe^ white pine. C 172.8.
pElk'ala to be spread out. Ill
babala jealous. Ill 68.31.
461,29; pElk'a to throw something
baL(a) to stretch arms, fathom. R57.8,
flat. III 143,42.
229,15.
C pElki^liila to dance turning around.albatross. 64.7.
be^nakidas place of binding up. R C 292,15; to back water. R 414,9.
90.87. pElq-
bexa phosphorescence. R 176.45. pElpElq hammer. R 60.4.
bEndzala to be phosphorescent on pElgEtod to hammer top. 11191.38.
surface. R 176.44. pElqalas material for hammer.
bEnk" (benk") made to be phospho- pEL(a) fin of fish. R 242.24.
rescent. R 305.6. pELage^ anal fin. R 230.7.
beKd to pull apart (moss). R 197.27, pELlExawe^ pectoral fin. R 231.14.
ba to leave. R 173.17. pElpai, to eat tins. R375.1.
buxsa to appear. Ill 58.12. pa to split cedar boughs for basket
boHd to swell. C 40.20. making. Ill 138,17.
bolxsde musk-bag(of mink)(=swell- pak' !6d to split off. R 69.200.
ing behind), C 142,22, . pawala to peel off. R 121.30.
bolex-'wid to bud. R 198.2, pael floor of house. C 120.3; R 296.82.
1402 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETU. AXN. 36
paola (paoLa ?) water rises. Ill 144.11.
papExsala to break to pieces (flat
pieces ?). R 296.70. p!Ep!as blind. Ill 95.26 (or plaplas.
papesa^ma a plant, Ill 304.41).
papoqiwame a kind of kelp. C 470. pJEmxsod to put arms through straps
pask'en skin of mountain <;oat with hair. of load. R 123.78.
(See pBSEne-.) p!EdEk-(iIa) dark. R 162.85.
paq(a) to put down a flat thing, to catch p!Es(a) to flatten a basket, to give a pot-
ducks in flat net. latch to one's own tribe. Ill 93.1.
paqod to put down a fiat thing. R plEyayu blankets for potlatch.
183.10. plEsplEva ear. Ill 46.38.
pagel to put down a flat thing in plEnqlala large bullhead, fi.sh that lives
house. R 273.89. on rocks.
paqlaxsde^ bottom of box. V 472. p!Eq(a) to taste. Ill 39.21.
12; R 77.86. p!Exu(la) to spawn. R 184.1.
paqwa to strike tail flat on water. p!El(a) to pluck (feathers, hair). R
Ill 321.25. 102.10.
paxwa heart of porpoise. plElos dried salmon heads
pax(ala) shaman, C 50.17. (=plucked cheeks). R 231.1.
paxaso^ to be treated by a shaman. plElEm wool. Ill 361.22.
C 100.16. (plEls-)
palpalaaboUis dish keeps full. C264.ll, plElEms moss. R 196.22.
note, plEldzek'ila mossonback. R 82.6.
palapalaabokwiilas dish keeps full. plElsEnala moss covered. R 98.3.
C 264.11. (New). plElwiimp husband's sister and vice
pek'la marmot
versa.
(DEnax'da^x").
plElwadzol husband's sister and
pes(Ela) to go astray. Ill 158.17.
vice versa, it intermediate relative
petslExawc^ windpipe of porpoise, (pt'-
dead.
sa?)
p!Elx(Ela)
tobesoaked. V fog. Ill 255.57.peqw(a) 440.26; R 155.17.
plElxElasgEm woolen (white man's)
peL(a) to whistle?.
blanket.
peLilbf- whistling of nose. C 160.21.
p!EiEm(ala) to shut eyes. Ill 91.31.
peLax^wid (peLaqwa) split by which
p!EL(a) to fly. 111102.28.
board removed from tree runs out-
R plepiaLomas birds. C 30.13.ward. 61.37.
plaLEkwe k'!ats!a charge of gun
pala hungry. R 196.15. (=little things put into and made
poya hungry. C 296.14 (Kos). to fly),
posqla hungry. Ill 36.38. pla to feel for something. Ill 137.4.
p68(a) to be fleshy. Ill 57.28; to swell. plexwa to feel of. Ill 360.13.
R 176.28. playol to feel grateful,
poxw(a) to blow. p'.ewayasde tips of fluke of porpoise
poxflns bladder. R 176.31. (=teelers on tail),
poxuta^'e bladder on top of fish line. plewaxsde flukes of porpoise. R
V 478.2. 450.85.
poxwas stomach. C 222.3 (New). p!a(g'usta) to raise. Ill 94.13.
(Menziesia ferruginea Smith.) p!ep!aq!ugEmd to paint face. Ill
pux"bala slanting rafters of house. X 116.38. ' (See babax»sila.)
62.17. playoL giving away copper. 111448.18.
p6xp6q!wa elder wood or kelp plugs, p!es(a) hard. R 185.6.
used for shooting, as toys. p!ekw(a) to invite. 111112.28.
poL(a) satiated. Ill 21.13. p!eq(a) rotten (rope, mat, cloth).
boas] VOCABULARY 1403
p!a-'ye halibut. R 122.53. mEnxwala to smile. M 667.2.
pla^ya hungry (pa^ya?) C 314.31. mEnl- satiated.
p!6k!un white-spotted body. niEnlmEnlalil satiated in house.
p!6qw(a) to pick off, break off (leaves, to M 692.3.
break dog salmon). R 325.34. meniEnltsEm stones white hot
p!6q!tls an edible plant. (=enough on surface). V 408.26;
R 94.3.
ni
mEg'is inside of i>lant (LatEn).
mEdElqw(a) to boil. R 108.87. (mEdEl- mEk'(a) to swallow. R 458.71.
qOla.) ^mEkw(a) a round thing is somewhere,
mEt-, mEt'.ane^ horseclam. R 91.8. to choke. R 341.69.
met(a) to twitch. EmEklExa to choke. 11311,28.
mEdBns to push spear under water. R ^mEkwayind to put (stone) on top.
414.13. R 314.8.
mEtlos kidney fat. C 12.8; R 429.11. ^niEgutala knob at end. R 149.22.
mEs-, niESEla greedy for food. C 146.20. -mEkala III 242.2; ^maamk'alap^
niEdzes cannibal's whistle (=greedy island. M 675.19.
inside). Ill 421.24. ^mEkiila moon. C 70.1.
mEskwa greedy one. C 212.16 fmEklilba^ye heart. R 454.70.
(New). ^mEkw(a) to smooth.
mEsbe^s k' lilEmasa gwa^wina greedy mEgu- to put on, several objects. Ill
pointed tongue of raven, used as 126.29.
charm on halibut hook. niEgiig'it covered over. R 156.36.
niEse niEsek" cry of hawk. C 154.9. fmEq(a) to let go from hand. Ill 127..33.
niEseq" sea egg. R154.il. niamaqla trying to let go, ceremo-
mESLEq!una insect. X 13.35. nial in wliich the performer lets go
mEts(a) mink. C 176.10. from his hands an object represent-
smun one (Hel^dza^q")- ing supernatural power.
^mEntsIaqe^yo one-horn-on-forehead mEq!wats!e Allium recurvatum Rydb.
(a fabulous mountain goat). C mEqEm a person rubbed with wolf's
8.15. dtmg, blind for everything.
mEn(a) to pick up. R 218.7; asmall pot- mEX- hollow things are somewhere.
latch at which girl's clothing is thrown mE^xei (boxes) are in house. C
away to be picked up by the people.
R 360.23.^mEnala fish jumps. Ill 167.11; mEmx'baltslane^ branches. R 439.6.
350.45.
mtx-(a) to strike with fist. C 262.31.
mEneqw(a).
mE^nala noise of .striking with fist.
mEuex^wid to return a favor. C 54.22.
Ill 250.5.
£mEns(a) to measure. R 63.63. mE^natsIe drum.
^mEnek" measured. R 121.36.
mEx"- to desire.
niEnyayo measure. R 64.85.
niExilla M 674.7.
mEndzEx-^id to split. C 290.10.
moi thing desired.
mang'aLaxstalisEla. M 682.2.
mEnk'- excrement. £mEl(a) white. C 290.17.
mEnax' excrement. C 224.12 (New). ^mElxLO^ mountain goat ( =white
mEngEdeq slime. Ill 147.4; clotted haired). R 102.2.
blood. Ill 198.19. ^mElk'laes k!6ma white-bellied cop
mEngas anus. C 144.1; R 133.23. (Leptocottus armatus).
mEnkasEla to throw excrements. ^mEl(a) to plait arope. Ill 78.31; to take
X 67.8. a turn on a trail,
mEnga war canoe. C 340.14 (Kos). ^msleg'ind to twist thin strand into
(mEng'a ?). a rope. V 388.4.
.
1404 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IKTII. AN-N. 35
niEl- to light a fire.
mElx'LEnd to lipht end. Ill
145.31.
mane« torch. Ill 145.30.
mElegayu stone club (stone in hide
with short handle).
mElexEla to travel in canoe. R 96.58.
mElawela to start across. G 16.2.
mEls- to turn head.
mElmElsEla to turn head back. Ill
150.19.
malegEmano halibut-head. R
243.41.
mElek" turned. R 358,39.
«mElqu(la) to remember. Ill 197.19
(mEiqIuxala ? R 396.84). R 126.25.
mElx(a) to drift. X 87.35.
mElx^wid to moisten. R 92.24; to paint
with rings. C 202.13.
mEla southeast wind. 111350.4.
niElek' sockeye salmon. R 354.33.
ma to crawl, to swim. Ill 304.24; R
373.7.
mamaemas R 382.3; mamaomas.
R 407.56 fish.
raasEmag'ilis fish. C 232.12 (New),
ma- to put down on stomach
manolis to put down on stomach at
side. R 408.2.
maedzEk" roasted. R 408.10.
maya- to regret an act, to have mercy,
mayata X 57.22 (mayat!a).
mayax'ila to have mercy. Ill
471.17.
mayaLas stirpassing. M 709.5.
mayukwala a game.
may6L(a) to give birth. Ill 67.12.
mayoLEm newborn child. Ill
77.18.
maelbEnd to mark line with wedge. R
61.31.
maclbano marking wedge. R
81.58.
mawak'la sea lion (Heidza^q"), name of
a copper.
Jma6s(a) to work. C 256.18(Kos, New).
map(a) to pluck. R 208.20.
mapElala to pluck off (moss). R
196.24.
mame bedcover. X 172.28; C 412.6.
mamokas property in house. Ill
109.20.
mamadaa piece for tying on cross straps
of basket. R 135. si
.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1405
maledzana medium-sized clam witli momux"de Abiesgrandis Lindl.,—ama-
rough shell bilis Forbes. Ill 288.25.
malekw(a) to chew. Ill 387.37; R m6mx."sEm dried whale meat. C 260.9.
290.13. momx-un white (bone). R 157.14.
malx^wid to eat. C 312.8 (Kos). m6t(Ela) to carry food from feast. R
mal two. R 226.18. 234.49.
malgunal eight. R 182.28. mamot food carried homo. R 435.63.
malgusta twenty. R 272.72. mot las balsam fir (Kos).
malEgiyo twelve. R 117.37. motlExsde camas.
mal(a) bitter. m6s(a) to lift clothes that one wears.
maitliila to recognize. C 274.21. M 724.6.
mil fish. Ill 83,18. modzil chieftainess, wife of high
meyoxwane salmon. M 709.6. chief,
mas head of double-pointed salmon mosma^la ear ornament. C 118.17.
spear. R 302.6. modzodala to cover. R 89.65.
mas meat of porpoise, mux^wid to bite. G 214.17 (New).
meta to twist nettle bark, sinew, hair. ^mokwa young fur seal,
V48.5; R 158.42, 165.66. m6kw(ala) to be tied up. R 223.18.
mes-, me^mes m6qu(la)penis. Ill 136.40. .stomach of fish. R 411.32.
medzElExdzayo m6qw(a)instrument lo hide a feather in a gamblingof sea
dance.
otter, for scraping inside of canoe.
mes(a) to smell. X 167.4; R m6qw(a) yellowish.182.25.
R moguga spoon of bighorn sheepme^stag-i^lak" boiled guts. 355.1. horn ( = yellow inside). R 579.51.
meg(a) to caulk (canoe). Ill 100.29. mawae^ bark of red pine (Kos).
megwat seal. R 174.1, pi. memegwat m6x"p!eq pine tree (Kos).
C 64.15, meEmgwat moxtila dirty. BAV 113.14.
mex-(a) to light a fire. Ill 1.58.15. mo^la to be grateful, to thank. Ill 66.30.
mex-Jde porcupine. Ill 320.35. m6I(a) rough.
mex'^id hair seal takes line out. molta spongy.
mex(a) to sleep. M 719.5.
mexEla to dream. C 8.11.
me^x"xwewalis Myxccephalus. dEy6(dzo) flat yellow cedar wood. R
meL(a) to tease, to do mischief. Ill 163.22.
51.35. dEwex cedartwigs. Ill 27.15; R 71.33.
smE^we Balmon weir. Ill 184.11. dEma- to be out of sight. C 354.13.
mo four. C 54.2. dEm- salt, sea.
hamotslaqala twenty-four. R 159.8. dEmpla salt taste. R 356.42.
mosgEmg'Usta forty. R 158.35. dEmsx-ii sea. R 97.72; salt.
mo- to pile up. R 346.15. dEmga^las armpit. C 290.18.
mEweL to take into house. R 239. dEmqoIa armpit. C 18.25.
dEmxw(a)
32. to touch privates of sleeping
mawa move. C woman.to 248.10.
«mEmwala dEmxsEm basket of cedar bark withcargo of canoe. C 364.5.
grass embroidery,
^mEwes R like those ofheap Nootka.on beach. 233.47.
dEmlexu(la) to make rumbling noise.
jO?. niEX'mEwes. R 191.53.
Ill 376.20.
moxs to load canoe. R 256.32. dE«n(a) sandstone. R 124.88.
ma cry of raven. C 248.9 (New). dEneka to cut off strip of blubber. R
mawawo cry of crow. C 246.32 456.10, 12.
(New). dEnt-
mala to carry many things on shoulder. dEntled to talk, discuss, III145.15.
moma8(a) to hurt. M 670.12. dEntEla III 112.12.
140(3 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL tKTH. ANN. 85
(Ieiis- cedar bark. dadEkas property. C 104.30.
clEnEm rope. Ill 53.1. dadEka to be jealous of each other.
(lEiias bark of red cedar. R 89.76. Ill 123.22.
dEnyas cedar bark (Kos). dada father!
dEnasmis red cedar. Ill 78.11. (dadElega silver bracelet =dollar [sil-
dEnsEn cedar bark rope. R 75.26. ver] on back). Ill 449.5.
dEntsEm (hat) of cedar bark. R dadaoma property. C 256.26 (New).
139.19. deda'mala to move things. Ill 408.
dEDX'^id to haul in rope. V 478.14. 32.
dEntsIek" dancing board. C 28.16. dadeqam white moss.
(dEnts'.eq?) das(a) to dive. C 66.28.
dEnx"- to stand in a row. Ill 296.19. dats father! Ill 135.3.
dEnwaya anchor line. R 125.8. dagi^nol fellow wife. Ill 142.18.
dEnx(Ela) to sing. Ill 69.89. dak'lnts!esEla fish jumps down beach.
dEk(a) to bury. Ill 302.42.
dExpIeq grave-tree. Ill 279.4. dal(Ela) to laugh. 11197.16.
dEgE'ya grave. Ill 57.11. dal(a) to unfold. Ill 338.41; R 228.21.
dEx(a) to open eyes. Ill 95.40. dElk" unfolded. R 454.74.
dEX-ala to keep eyes open. R199.38. da to wipe. III. 469.12.
dExdExilil owl. Ill 308.40. deg'idano towel for body.
dExdEx ine owl. C 338.15. degEmyo towel for face. V 443.12.
dEX-(a) to soak. R 108.89, 425.20. dexsdano toilet sticks,
dExdax- to eat soaked herring deida loan at 100 per cent interest,
spawn. R 424.1. dewana"" liver. R 245.79 (t!ewana?).
dEuk" greased. C 356.17; R 425.20. dedEmala property, provisions stored
dEugwatsle grease box. R 82.7. in house. C 104.31.
dExw(a) to jump. C 212.27. desto^lax dolphin. (New).
dEWiL to jump into house. M 679.12. destawulk". (New).
dEx(a) dek-(a) seal, salmon dives. 111302.42.
dExayu round pole and wedges with deqw(a) to punch. 11127.40; R 76.65;
round i)oint for splitting trees. 133.5,
dExEtox^wid to spread tongs. R degwayu pile-driver. C 382.21.
yellow cedar. R 129.1.
370.15. dex"
yellow cedar (Kos).
dElx(a) damp. R 125.13. dewal
Doqwa^is hafted stone
dEldaEmkila to make tools, utensils. dexumano^s
hammer (of Doqwa^is), not used by
Ill 189.17.
da(la) to take, carry in hand. R 130.20. Kwag'ul.
delak(ila) fish jumps. R 183,6; 111
daas handle. R 133.21; grip. R
326,5.
109.15.
squid bones on surface, C
dayod to take in middle, R dap!En(dz6)119.15. R 471.41.
dadaElg'is person who takes enemy's
172.15;
daqala. • V 441,20.
clothing for witchcraft. domaq heart of wood. R57.il.
dagilelEm blankets given in ad- dodfigwig'e- Ulna barbata.
vance in purchase of copper, to be dot-, d6t!ala to speak. C 314.2 (Kos).
returned later with interest ( = put dodas words of song. C 318.26
in hand in house). (Kos).
dax'dasa to commit rape (=totake dadodala to reply. C 254.19 (New),
and put on ground). d6s(a) to be poisoned by clams.
diibEndgala to put an equal amount doyad ha%dng poisonous clams. C
of blankets on a pile offered by a 376,3.
rival, thus accepting them. dostEud R 91.11.
dadEgo to fight. d6sdEk!wa Rubus macropetalus Dougl.,
dap(a) to tow. C 326.33. -ursinus. C & S.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1407
d6kw(a) to troll. R 238.4; a seal feast. tEx^wid to cut open (fish). R 410.1.
R 459.80. tetEx"be^ soft places between ribs.
dogwil spine of porpoise. R 428.3.
d6x"dEgwes Menyanthes trifoliata. L. tEk"-
d6qw(a) to see. R 173.19. tetak'ostod to hang up. R
dadoqwala lo watch. M 667.11. 401.19(7).
dogfll seen. R 119.2.5. tEkoya blown off by steam. R 102.15.
doxdoqwa to watch. R 151.15. tEqu(la) a boil throbs.
d6dEx"stoli) to think. C 208.9 tEqla mud on rock.
(Kos). tEq!w(a) octopus. R 151.23.
duxts'.Es seer. tEx"mas bile, gall. R 450.85 (tEx'-
dox^waLEla to discover. Ill 41.34. mas?).
dOx-wuls to stretch a rope outside. R tEXEm cedar withes. R 111.17.
158.36. tElp(a) to follow. Ill 107.0; C 400.23.
d61(Ela) numb, cramped. tElkwala to run. (Kos).
dolEmx'^id to have nightmare. M tEltElx"be£ cartilage at end. R 447.18.
669.4. tElk!w(ala) noise of splashing. X
168.28.
t
tElqw(a) soft. R 167.4; tender. R
tEwix'a to go goat hunting. Ill 7.3. 402.21; weak (ripe). M665.17; feather
(See tox"-). bed; to give blankets to owner of cop-
tEwe'nenox" go at- hunter. R per in advance of purchase.
104.3. tElts!(a) to warm oneself. Ill 212.7;
tEp(a) to break (dish, shell, bone). R C 304.24 (Kos).
105.13. ta to wade. Ill 3.56.5.
tEmElqw(a) to appease. tastala, tax^ustala to wade up river,
tEms(a) wedge jumps out. C 218.7. tayaltslala a kind of preserved salmon.
tEmkw(a) to chop. R 82.15; to bite. R 239.29.
C 332.22 (Kos). taod to bring. Ill 282.27.
tEmx'(alis) plants show on ground, to t6x"t6walag'ila to go farther. M
sprout. R 194.2. 703.2.
tEml(Ela) to throb. taminaa squirrel. Ill 357.29.
tEa(ala) to lean against. R 99.42. tanis cannibal (Heldza^q"). M 693.9.
tEs(ala) to sit with knees dra:wn up. tak'apla to strike together. Ill 215.10.
Ill 87.12. taq-
(tE^na) for dE^na sandstone. V 486.14. tagal olachen-net. V 486.1, 3.
tEnk- hill, lump. taqela to make an olachen net. V
tEnk'a to boil over. R 341.55; 486.1.
478.54. tagwaqe man's breechclout.
tEnk-!a hill on rock. C 246.30. tasal to shove together. R 74.11.
tEnx'ts'a lump inside. R 59.71. tes(a). elastic. V 497.39
tEg'ekila a small bird. (See tegeg'ila). tenokwa to pole canoe. Ill 104.17.
tEk-alaene-" R 170.60. teg'eg'ila Brachyramphus marmoratus.
tEk-ala to be full. C 26.15 (tEnkala?). tek"-.
tEk-!e« belly. R 174.30. tegu^nakiila to come in sight. X
tEk-Ios deer. C 200.23 (New). 186.2.
tEx^une^ deer skin blanket. C teklwala to joke. Ill 24.6.
374.28 (Gwas). tek"- to hang.
tEk"- (tEg- ?) tek-la suspender. V 388.10.
tEgulExs to pull out of canoe. R tegwil to hang in house. R 236.13.
175.18. tetEkwasEla two baskets hung, one
tetEgEnod to take up at sides. R on back, one in front of bodj', in
226..30; 469.23. berrvina.
1408 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL ANNI Kill. a
teq(a) to diup. X 15^.14. t!Enx(a) to walk with jerky motions.
tex-nd to jump. C 144.26. tiEnx a bird.
tex'texalil owl (Bubo virginianus). t-Enx-
texa hemlock leaves (Kos). tlEntlEnxEdzo veins of leaf, ridges
texatslo bladder of porpoise. R 450.89. between grooves. R 275.25.
tel(a) bait. Ill 293.2; R 102.82. t!Ek-(a) soil. R 73.79.
tatela to go to get bait. R 475.51. tlEki-'lak" garden bed. R 189.14.
telx'BgELEyind to sprinkle. 11258.65. tiEgun a kind of canoe. Ill 287.16.
toxs bilgewater. R 371.3. t!Ekw(a) to butcher game, fish. R
t6p(a) speck. R 202.22 (t!6pa?) 411.30.
t" (exclamation of mink). C 142.25. t!Ekw(a) to poke with finger. C 66.4.
tox"- to take down. Ill 361.33.
tE^wa to attack. Ill 468.24. t!Eq(a) berry cake. R 269.9.
tox^wid war dance. C 28.16. tlEq"-
to'yag'a to commit suicide. Ill t!Ex"80s cinquefoil root. R 188.1.
122. S. tiEqIwano cinquefoil plant. R
t!6xwa to make trail by walking. C 190.40.
14.10. tlEgildzo cinquefoil garden. R
tox^wid to spin. 189.14.
tolas^Els to break up. C 170.18. tlEX^tlaq" to eat cinquefoil roots.
R 194.27.
t!EX"t!Eq!fis a plant.
t'.Ep(Ela) to be covered by some sub- tlEX--
stance. R 154.36. tlEXila door, trail. Ill 47.26; law.
t'.EpsEm to be covered by water. M 677.14.
R 288.02. tlEx-a door, trail. C 310.11 (Kos).
tiEbega to drive in. R 93.16. tiEX'ila to make trail. M 677.14.
t!Em(a) to sew with cedar twigs. Ill tlEX-Le^ ladder. 104.25.
302.29. tlEnnaye^ side door. (' 412.0.
t!Em(a) to lash up. Ill 303.9. t!El8(a) to split halibut, salmon. R
tiEmag im lashing. R 140.7. 249.75.
t!Ems(a) to beat time. Ill 86.6. tlElyayo knife for cutting halibut,
tlEm^yayo baton. Ill 57.36. salmon. R 245.56.
tiEmedzo board for beating time. tlElek" sliced. R 251.200.
Ill 80.5. tlEls Viburnum Pauciflorum, Pylaine,
tlEmsae^ wart. berries. R 92.39.
tlEmts! Unifolium dilatatum (Woods, tlElsmis Viburnum bush. R 216.16.
Rydb.). tlElk" soft (tiElq"?). Ill 54.10.
t!Emkw(a) to curdle, to shrink, to shrivel. tiElqlaa female (fish).
BAV 120.15; R 57.8. t!Elxw(a) to soften by beating with
tlEmk" chopped in short pieces. R wedge. R 296.83.
t!El6k" pounded. R 130.32.
189.10. (Correct tEmk")
tiElwayo cedar bark beaten. R
t!Emq(a) to pin. Ill 347.21.
129.17.
t!Emxw(a) to pick gooseberries. R221.1.
tiElwagayo III 197.14; tiElwagano.
tlEmxwale gooseberry. R 221.1. V 476.1; club.
t!Emx"mis gooseberry bush.
tlEl- to gather blanket over shoulder. R
t'.Enaxtol weaving frame for cedar bark
118.6.
blanket. t!a-
tlEntlEgo to marry in one's own family. tlax-^id tree falls. R57.7.
t!Ens(a) to shelter against rain; shade. t!a-s tree lies on ground. R 82.6.
Ill 121.22; X 161.9. t'.a-yata invisible, hidden. X 55.24.
tlEnselayo. tlayolEm sun protector. R 125.21.
tiEmx' knot in wood. (tlEnx'?). V tlax'^id to become invisible. C
332.12. 176.17.
.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1409
t!ak'a to lay down something soft under tiag'idzod to put on stones. R 433.26.
another thing. tloplEXLe^ fawn (top !EXLe«?). C 160.17.
t!ag-il bed mat. M 72S.7. tlofewa fawn.
t!aq-; (t!aq-?) round things lie on ground, t!6t!alai speckled hawk.
to pick up stone. R 164.28. t!6t!6 star. Ill 323.15.
t!agats!e stone basket. R 287.35. t!6t!op!a a fish (Sebastodes pinni-
tlagEm load of stones. R 295.56. ger).
tiaqala to carry stones, box. t!6mElO a fish (Atheresthes stomias).
t!eqwap pile of wood and stones for t!63(a) to cut. R 322.9, 104.12.
steaming. C 162.7; R 72.63. t!6q"- gap, narrow opening. R 140.12.
t liix^id to pick up stones . R 294 5U t!6tt!oxsEm open weave with small.
t!axts!ala to put stones into. holes. R 140.13.
tIaqEmlilEla to place before guests. C t!6q!tixste^ wool tassel of blanket.
172.26. t!6xw(a) swell. Ill 363.26.
tlaq" to cut out intestines R 405.9.
t!ax-wid to spear salmon. R303.il. tloxwa to spear salmon (DEuax'da^x").
tliiqwaxsala to spear salmon in to mark trail. C 14.16.
muddy water.
t!at!aq!wa to spear salmon (Mam.;
Kwag). R 303.10. sE^ya hair. R 1583.28; leaves of kelp.
tlax^id to turn right side up. V 347.7. R 255.25.
tiewana liver of porpoise, sesE^yakMEn hairline. R 168.43.
tle^yo hemlock branches for herrings to SEWElk" twilled. R 125.10.
spawn on. R 185.22. SEp(a) to throw a long thing. C 2.17;
tlewala to be on water. R 185.20. canoe has headway. R 97.75; to an-
t!ep(a) to step on. R 351.13. swer. Ill 469.30; to be late. Ill
t!es(Em) stone. R 68.89. 459.12; rays of sun strike.
t!at!edzEm pebbles. R 190.;ii. sEbElx(a) metallic noise. Ill 152.34.
t!esx-a stone edge. HI 96. Ix. SEmk'(a) to try out oil of olachen. X
tlesap! to throw each other with 33.9; R 466.49.
stones. sEmyakawe^ remains left after try-
tledzEdzo slate (=flat stone). ing out oil of olachen. R 299.58.
t!enqw(a) a dance. sEms mouth. C 142.22; R 446.11.
t!ek-(a!a) to lie on back. Ill 256.38. sEu(a) to think, plan. Ill 40.36.
tlex-dzo settee. C 394.6. senat dancer. Ill 84.6.
tiek'a to sharpen knife. Ill 91.4. senatlala to speak of a subject. C
tleg'ayo whetstone. R 68.89. 90.7.
t!at!ekwamak'a curdled blood on water. sEng'a to resolve. C 24.23.
M 706.2. SEn- entire.
tleqala to bend back. R 147.22. sEnbEnd from beginning to end.
t!at!ala to await. C 164.14. Ill 36.35.
t!ex"(a), t!ex'(IIa) to carry round thing sEnx'^id to be whole. R 121.36.
on shoulder. Ill 27.36. s^Entso harpoon shaft. C 86.19.
tlenk" round thing carried on shoul- sEnq(a) to peel off bark. R 126.24.
der. sEk'(a) to spear. R 236.20.
t!ex'(a) a fish (Anarhichas lupus). sEg'inete obtained l)y spearing. R
t!eqw(a) to sip. 305.8.
tlegwayo feasting lad'e. SEg'Enodze one finger width. R 117.39.
t!el(a) 'to soak. R 315.6. sEk'(aia) to lie against. R 274.18.
t!elt!al to eat soaked salmon. R sEk-!(a) five. R 89.73.
316.20. SEq!(a) to eat herring spawn. R 425.24.
tlelk" soaked. V 441.22; R 441.47. SEX'Ene^. R 87.13.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2- -40
.
1410 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lErH. ANN. 35
sKX'ala to pick roots out of sand. R saka^ya to watch canoe. X 9.32.
190.44. sak(a) to give away canoe. M 670.2.
sEx''ts!a industrious. R 272.74; toat,'rec. sakode^ joint of box. R 69.1.
ill 351.10. 8akw(a) to dig fern (Ptcridium aquili-
SEx^tsIa measure from angle of thumb num). R 195.12.
and first finger to tip of first finger. sagum fern root. R 195.12.
8Ex''BEm elongated. R 180.3.5 (sex"- sakwa to carve meat. Ill 20.5; R
sEm?). 448.45.
SEXsEk'e^ long hair of goat. R 444.23. 8ax"x'a butcher knife. M 666.8;
BEl(a) to drill. R 64.92. R 446.8.
sElEm Vaccinium ovalifolium, R300.78. sax^dzo butcher board. C 174.11.
8Elp(a) to twist. R 120.9. sakwila to give a seal feast. R
SElt(aia) to be quiet. 64.25. 458.58.
SElt!(axts!anef) little finger. R 68.82. saklwis seal-oil. Ill 192.19.
seIs- to pick out. Ill 237.27. 8aq!w(a) to peel off bark. R 131.13.
sElgaak" picked out. saqIwaEms maple tree. V 387.31.
SElqw(a) to twist. R 57.13. saq!6d to peel off bark. V 473.27.
sElxsEmala twisted (=k!wex"sE- sesaqiwamot bark dish. Ill 254.36.
mala) sax^sto R 109.14.
sElqlwetsa squint-eyed. V 478.5. sal(a) blind. C 266.3 (New),
8ElbExw(a) to squirt out of mouth. R salaedana fern (Polystichum niunitum).
363.12. C 292.12.
saEntslo (s^Entso) harpoon shaft. R 8al(a) love song, mourning song. X 6.12;
157.2. C 120.9.
sa(x")- to stretch out. to wrap. sii to put up roof . Ill 137.30.
sax'^id to stretch out. Ill Ifi.i. sala roof. Ill 45.24.
sax'tslanala to wrap around hand. se to put meat down. R 462.26.
R 106.37. sep(a) to shine (sEpa?)
sael diaphragm of porpoise. R setklotlEn to split in falling. Ill 184.5.
453.62. sisiuL fabulous double-headed serpent.
saok" board (=stretched?). Ill Ill 60.37.
8.7; R 96.57. eesoklwa widgeon duck,
sakliqala alive (?). C 24.11. senat plan. R 81.63; dancer. (See
sayEna whole. R 190.43. sEna.)
sayopalgiwala to send ahead (canoe). senatala purpose. R 121.32.
Ill 149.22. • senoqw(a) oblique. R 59.70.
sabEud to overdo. Ill 18.1, 149.22 senogudzod to bevel. R 64.97.
(=stretch to end?), aek'laqa cane (in use).
saaq sap. R 114.63. sekMagano cane. M 675.4.
sayoq" pure, unmixed. R 269.5.
8eq(a) to spear (devil fish). R 470.6.
saoltala noise of falling objects. Ill
sex'(a) to peel sprouts. R 343.32; to eat
465.2.
sprouts.
sabExaLEla to hear. C 394.20.
sexw(a) to paddle. 111255.38.
sap(a) to skin. C 10.26; R 441.3;. to
se^wayo paddle. R 127.49.
flense. R 447.16.
sa^dckwax^id horsefly. C 396.27. 8ex(a)
mouth gets dry and sore.
sas(Em) children of one couple. Ill sex^id
45.6. Ill 451.36.
sas- spring salmon. selan grandchild's mate versus mate's
satslEm spring s^almon (Salvalinus grandparent.
fontinalis). Ill 102.7. selEm snake.
sasasde dry spring salmon. Ill sells snake in belly. M 685.18.
225.32. so thou. Ill 110.32.
boas] VOCABULARY 1411
s6p(a) to chop. R 57.11. dzadzeq xuldzos a fish (Hexagramraus
sobayu adze. R 57.2. superciliosus).
sayobEm small adze. R 111.3. dzas(a) to pour over. R 245.76.
b6x"s6x" a cry of raven presaging rain dzadzEquma Opulaster capitatus(Pursh)
(=dripping). Kuntze, used as a purgative,
soxHsIes R 131.8. dzak'inx point of double-headed sal-
mon spear (Kos).
dz dzakod R 267,80.
dzEbEq(Ela) to fit loosely. R 139.13. dzakw(ala) opened out, uncoiled, re-
dzEm(a) to cover with soil, ashes. C suming straight shape. R 116.15,
248.18 (New). 165.60.
dzEmxw(a) bluish. dzaqw(a) evening. R 190.47.
dzEmx"st6 milky color. R 339.17. dzaqwaxstala supper,
dzEm^wa bluish stone for chisels. dzaqiwa northwest wind. Ill 112.23.
dzEmok" milky. R 339.14. dza^wGn silver salmon. R 241.28.
dzEt(a) to split roots. R 115.13 (ts'.Eta?) dzadzom small silver salmon. Ill
dzEtaxod to pull off cedar twigs. R 303.32.
120.18. dzaxwasde dried silver salmon.
dzEs^ed to get warm. R 339.19. dzedzax'LEn weapons,
dzESEq" young cedar. R 166.4 (dzE^sEk?) dzaxun olachen. R 299.58.
dzEudzEdzo R 118.2. dzawadala to fish for olachen. R
dzEndzEngElEXSEla smell of canoe. G 198.7.
262.4. dzax"s^End to tear to pieces. X 191.28.
dzEudzEnk' !ala to deride. X 67.6. dzal(a) heavy swell.
dzEndzEnx'LEm nettles. dzegExdzEm inner rounding of canoe
dzEk(a) to rub. R 95.27. bottom. V 363.4.
dzEgwat dried sockeye salmon (Gwas). dzeg ilEnd to rub on paint. V 493.8.
dzEqw(a) mud, soil. Ill 283.10; R dzek'(a) to dig clams. Ill 422.14.
88.36. dzeg'ayo digging stick for clams. R
dzEgut coal. R 58.40.
72.73.
dzEX ina iron. V 494.16. dzek(a) to cook huckleberries. R 297.27.
dzExina Adianthum pedatum L.
dzeg-as place of sprit. R 100.5.
dzEx(a) to split or crack (wood). R dzekw(a) to stretch out leg.
141.29. dzeguns to spear halibut,
dzEXEq" poles. R 184.9.
dzek'.wayo hind flippers of seal
dzEx(ila) to make war. Ill 350.23.
( = means of stretching on rock);
dzedzax'LEn weapons. M 677.5; R 452.28.
dzElEm tentacle of squid. V475.33;R dzeklwis catfish oil. R 94.16.
471.32. dzegum prong of salmon spear. R 175.
dzElak" mutilated (fish).
14.
dzE^lal lake. Ill 62.11; C 30.2.
dzel(a) fresh (fish). R 316.23.
dzEltslaak" split. R 115.14.
dzale cockle. R 179.3.
dzElxw(ala) to run. Ill 103.2.
dzoyaqe^ house with several platforms.
dzEit(a) to spread out herring spawn. X 62.23.
dzOdzEltsidze anklets. Ill 205.22.
dz6p(a) to stuff into a hole. R 275.28.
dzEltslEno cat's cradle (game).
nod dzobEltalahead to dip up and down. Rdzaanxa to in pity. Ill
75.27.
122.19.
dza^wfln Oncorhynchus nerka. dzomegal pole. R 127.44.
dza«m breast. Ill 87.13. dzonoqiwa a monster. Ill 87.34,
dzama child sucks. dzonoqwa to utter cry of dzonoqiwa.
dzamespla taste of milk. V 478.4. dzonogwes dzonoqiwa of sea.
dzEmdzEmxulas nipples of por- dz6qw(a) to bend. R 122.58.
poise. R' 450.87. dzoxw(a) to lift. Ill 471.38; to promise
dzas(a) dark blue. potlatch. Ill 451.28.
1412 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IKTU. ANN. 36
dzox"- pole. tsak'(a) to split sea eggs. X 115.15. (See
dzoxum pole. Ill 27.25. tsEk'a.)
dzodzE.Kula to stiffen. Ill 27.25. tsak=tsagano Dryopteris spinulosa.
dzodzox^bEnd to sharpen ends. R tsak'os root of . R 195.1.
166.10. tsaq- board on edge.
dzadzE^wa to fetch poles. Ill 78.7. tsagEm side board of house. Ill
50.2.
ts tsaqEme' house front. R 343.18.
tsEyosa to dip up. R 375.47. tsax-(a) slippery. R 290.18.
tsEba^ma old cedar bark blanket. _ i tsax-Ens a kind of tough wood. R 182.
tsEmola stream runs against rocks (Awi- 7 (ts!ax-Ens?).(
k-leuox"). tsaxEne^ bark. R 126.22.
tsEm6t(ala) to be quiet, not to be al- tsaxala to walk with fast short steps.
lowed to speak. Ill '167.34. tsax(a)
tsEmk"- tsaxis riverside beach,
tsEmgwiga broken back. Ill 319.40 tsa to draw water. Ill 43.18.
(New =qugweg'a Kwag). tsalayo bailer. R 74.4; milt of por-
t3Es(a) to take refuge. C 84.21. poise.
tsEs(ala) to press against (?) R 114.80.. tsexLa ladle. R 292.25.
tsEuxwa fat. R 248.32. tsEyilgis watercarrier. Ill 408.16.
tsEk(a) to cut out bushes, to cut out tsilp! apron. Ill 108.21 (tsap?).
trail. Ill 142.42; R 159.10. tsap!edze= spawn of halibut. R
tsayO ax. Ill 27. 2S. 243.40.
tsaka to eat (split) sea eggs. tsiipIesEla female fish,
t.sBk-(a) to spin ced.u-bark into a single tsiima R 408.7.
thread (.'\wik' !enox"). tset(Ela) to tilt. Ill 384.5; steep side
tsiklEinin sloue adz. hill, raft of driftwood.
rsEkw(a) to roll together stones for sal- tsetslExsdala weir has long basket. Ill
mon trap. 302.12.
tsEgEl berries of Rubus Nutkanus (Tlu- tsenaxula trouble. (?) M 705.17.
bacer villosus Rydb.). tsenoma perch. C 206.14.
tsEqliis soil. C 222.25. tsekums to pick up ashes. X 83.8.
tsuq'.uls diabase. Ill 154.13 (tslEqliils?). tsek-(a) to pour in among.
tsEx^wid to gather mussels. C 262.16. tsekw(a) to pry up with lever. R 182.
tsExw(a) tide runs. 11.
tsExwalodala tide runs against rock. tsegwayobe' tipof paddle. R182.il.
tsExula cascade, to overflow, t8eq(a) to dip with feasting ladle,
tsaxwa to drip. R 235.32. tsex-
tsax"mis raindrop, tsenabod to light fire underneath.
tsaoqwa liquid drips. R 287.40.
tsEX'tsaingwis long prairie. Ill 323.7. tsex'(a) to trickle down. R 435.73.
tsEx^tsalas inclosure into which salmon tsex(a) to melt (tallow). R 432.80 (or
go. C 370.19 (Gwas). tsex-a?).
tsElxw(a) crab apple (Malus diversiflora tsex(a) to kill wounded game. V 485.
[Bong] Roemer). tsetaxabala water sprinkles down,
tsEltsEli" a berry. R 300.78. tseltsaangwis prairie (New).
tsElx(a) hail. Ill 103.1. ts6p(Ela) to paddle against tide.
tsas(a) to pour water on hot stones. R ts6p(a) black spot.
74.14. tsopamala jingo (=black-headed).
tsasEls to stretch a rope. V 49''. ?2. tsopUpEla female sandpiper
tsas^id to stretch a rope. V 494.1. (=black chested).
I
tsasayap!ala to pass each other. C ' ts6tsEpts!a golden plover (=black
100.22. spots in armpits),
tsatseklna to find by chance. R 358.23. tsoplale thrush. Ill 138.23.
BOAS] VOCABULAEY 1413
tsomos to breakout teeth. Ill 9().19. tslE^nexa gutsofsquid. V 492.37; guts.
ts6s(a) brittle. R 127.53. (Kos). C 332.30.
tsEwek" powdered. R 279.74. tslEnewa "bunch barnacles."
ts6kw(a) canoe, box breaks. Ill 467. ti. tslEndEk'a to be scared. Ill 449.13;
tsokwata round mouth of cannibal C 348.5.
dancer. HI 199.29. tslEnk"-
tOTxw(a) to adze off fine chips. Ill tslEutslEnkwa to wash hands. R
199.29. 308.77.
tsok" fine chipping. ts!Enkw(a) roasted dry salmon (from
tsayo adz for fine chipping, tslEX'a).
tso^lexa brittle. ts!Bnkw(a) to pay out line. R 177.61.
ts! ts!Enkw(a) furious, sing. Ill 223.13.
tslES- tslEngum cause of fury. C 126.5.
ts'.E^yim guts. Ill 344.5. tslEnxwa furious. HI 223.13 (New).
tslEsgilwe stomach of porpoise. (dzEndzenklala to deride. X
tsUyoxLii navel cord. 67.6?).
ts!Ep(a) to dip food in oil or sirup. ts!Ek-(ala) to be awake. Ill 137.13.
X 33.9. ts!ets!ekila watchman. 111447.23.
tslEbatsle oil dish. HI 192.19. ts!Ek-!a}(Ela) to tell news. 11149.34.
ts!Em(ala) to point with finger. Ill ts!Ekw(a) short. R 81.58; pi. tslEi-
208.33. tslEk". R 228.24.
tslEmalaxtsIane^ first finger. R tslEkumoL tree stump.
128.57. t.s!Eq(a) to throw away (old, useless
ts-E^m(a) to melt away. X 229.15; R objects). R 121.34.
430.49. ts!Eqw(a) dust (on clothes).
tslE^mak" graphite. tslExtslEqIus dust on ground.
tslE^meg'tnd to cover over. R 237.44. tslEqIuls diabase. R 130.20. (tsE-
ts!Emk'(a) careful with food, saving. qluls?).
ts!Emqw(a) to crawl through a small ts!BX-(a) to singe. R 309.22.
hole; to bolt long strips of meat. C ts!Ex(ila) sick. HI 423.1.
38.5. tslEx'qlolEm sickness. C 50.14.
tslEmq'.wa a fish (Asternopteryx tslEX'as new (mat or blanket). Ill
gunnelliformis). 64.15.
ts'Et(,a) a board, canoe, cracks (on ac- ts!Exw(a) to stab. 111270.20.
<!Ount of sun). Ill 65.36. ts'.Ewayo bone dagger.
dzEt!ed(?) to split roots. Ill tslEx^walH to dig up floor. R 256.31.
27.41. ts!Ex(a) tough. R 122.51; elastic; to
tsledaq woman. R 59.57. tsledaq pi. bend. R 82.8.
tslEtx'ala to squirt out. X 151.3. tsletslExege sapside of wood. R
tslEtx'enoe^ clitoris. 112.37.
tslES- tslEXo lincod.
ts!ats!a^yim eelgrass. R 181.21. tslBla^ye spruce root basket. C 316.14
tslatslEsmot dead eelgrass. R (Kos).
72.66. tslElak'a old salmon with white skin.
ts!Eskw(a) golden-crowned sparrow. R223.il.
(Nak). ts!Elwaq(a) to praise. HI 42.21; to
ts!Ests!Es golden-crowned sparrow. supplicate. R 193.96.
(Kos). (ts'.Elk-)
tslEsqwane golden-crowned sparrow. tslEltslElk- feathers. Ill 14.9.
(Kwag). HI 138.23. tslElgwa^lala eagle screeches. C 278.9.
ts'.EBxaweq" sandpiper. ts'.Elgwa^ to forbid. C 232.26 (New).
tslEts'.En rapids. ts!Elqw(a) hot. R 75.33.
tslEoaas R 224.25. ts!Elx'(a) fish go up river. HI 71.3.
.
1414 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL I ETU. ANN. 33
ts!Elk(a) startled. X 189.42; scared. tsliiq-
11146.31. ts!ets!eqa winter ceremonii)!. Ill
tslax^alis. to drift ashore. C 364.22. 15.12; R 342.11.
t8!a(la) tide, current. 111227.10. ts!agats!e house in which winter
tsla^ya younger brother. 11146.23. ceremonial is held. 11111.13.
tsla^we beaver. Ill 130.17. tsIesLala tongs. R 70.18.
tsiawunx winter. Ill 378.7. tsletslEsgin name of grizzly bear. Ill
tslaplax leaves of red cedar. R 95.40. 30.37.
ts!as(a) to be taut. R 158.37. (See tsIetslExsdala blanket wrapped beliind
teasa?). a man. Ill 302.12.
ts!ame« fish bait. R 223.5. ts!ets!as6 tangled. C 386.10.
tslananana' exclamation of Mink, for tslenes? R 175.14.
ananana'. C 158.15. t8!en(a) lean. R 313.31.
tslanosa to catch seals, deer in net. X ts'.eg'olas crosswise (tslEg'olas, short
14.36. way). R 420.48.
ts!as(a) whale blows. Ill 313.21. tsleginaga gull. C 232.10 (New).
tslats'.alkowa snipe. ts!ekw(a) to eat clams. C 376.2 (Gwas).
ts!a8(ala) to resolve. Ill 467.39. tsletslEklwemas shellfish. Ill
ts!an6q!wala to urge, ask. X 4.19. 157.11.
tslagot old canoe. Ill 318.7. ts-ets!ax-'m6t clamshells. C 248.20
ts!ats!ax-sila to caulk. C 278.22 (New).
(New). tslekwayo hind flippers of seal (dzc-
t8!ak'(a) bird makes nest of soft material, kwayo?).
tslagil bed. Ill 65.35. ts!ek!w(a) bird. Ill 60.28; gull.
ts'.akiyEnd to cover with soft ma- ts!eq!(a) narrow. R 128.57.
terial. R 185.50. ts!eqw(a) to travel over land
tslag'idzEm first course in meal. R ts!ex'(a) to pick elderberries. R 167.3.
384.38. tslexina elderberries. R 167.3.
ts!ag(a) mountain goat (Awik'Ienox"). tslenano stems of . R 255.7.
Ill 403.11. tslexmis Sambucus melanocarpa A.
tslaq- Gray,
talaqod to peel oft cedar hark. R tslendzo elderberry cake. R 260.99.
122.55. tslex-Ew.ak" cut. R 391.27.
tsIaqEms outer cedar bark. II ts'.extslek" fish hawk. Ill 296.16.
121.25. t8!ex"be« prong. R 154.8.
ts!ats!aqEla to run out. R 302.42 ts!eiwa(la) to be famous. M 718.1.
(tsIaxEla?). ts!a to give. R 158.31.
ts!aqw(a) lean salmon, R 354.36. tslEwana to distribute. R 410.14.
tsIax'Ens Holodiscus arifolius Sweet., ts'.Ewek" net measure. R 163.3.
Sericotheca discolor (Pursh) Rydb. tsloplax' mittens.
R 157.3. tsliitslosto^ to stop up holes. C 160.4.
ts!ax-'wid to open. R 309.27. tslomax- barnacle. Ill 281.21 (AwikM-
ts!alas(i«lala) to divide. R 369.25. enox").
tsliig'a to run with tide. tslatslama a barnacle (tslotslomax
ts!at3!ax"SEm short board. R 186.20. 64.11).
tslaxsae^ carved pole in front of house. ts!6s(a) to dig fern roots. R 143.30.
Ill 221.3 (=stretched). ts!6yayu digging stick. R 115.1.
tsla^leqla mica. III138.42(dzafleq!a?). tsIotslEsbEs scaup duck. C 64.12.
tslaltslaxit pain in body. ts!6tsaga chickadee.
ts!ewalagEk" gutted, cleaned. R416.47. ts!6n(a) thunderbird (AwaiLEla).
ts!es(a) to roast clams. M 682.5. ts!6qw(a) to ring like metal. Ill 215.9.
tslcts'.aoqula to drip (melting). R t8!6q!us(Ela) to put into mouth. R
436.91. 412.51.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1415
ts!oxw(a) to wash. R 228.26. nEgilmp—Continued.
tslok" washed. R 406.35. UEgiibetsol parent-in-law, child-in-
tsiawunx winter. Ill 18.3. law, nephew's wife, niece's hus-
ts!6x"bEtalis to push into ground. R band and vice versd after death of
19!4.6. intermediate relative.
ts!6x"LEma grandson. Ill 51.29. neuEgwayad each having sons-in-
ts!6x"LEmagas granddaughter. law. R 436.3.
ts!6i- black.
nEk"-
black. R nBkula58.42. to travel at night.tslolto
R nEgwis to catch salmon at night.tslolna coal. 91.7.
R R 305.2.ts!6I«id it gets black. 91.15.
nEkw(a) to pick salal berries. R 208.2.
tsloleqa blackish, dark red.
R nEk!ul salal berry. R 60.76.ts!6ts!alm6t charcoal. 94.20.
R nEgildza salal berry cake. 356.26.ts!6161aq horn spoon. 102.2.
R uEk'Elala to walk on rock.tslolayu powder. 296.82.
nEqa(?) to find by chance.
n uEqEls to find on ground. M678.1.
nEyimxso lashed. R 165.63. nEges not moving(?).
nEp(a) to throw a round thing. Ill nEq- middle, straight.
104.18. nEgEdzo middle of flat thing. R
nEbayu stone 64.86.club.
snEm one. R UEgEnos straight edge. R 63.71.61.35.
^nEmabe^ square around. R uEgEXLala to bend over.62.48.
^nEmasgBm equal R78.4. uEgEltod tolength. do the same. R 200. 17.
^nEmadzo R 78.88. nEgeg'e midnight.level. Ill 85.27.
^nEmax'is the same. R 126.15. UEgoya^ye middle. R 100.15.
^uEmaetut house C pi. naEngoya^ye. Ill 43.20.fellows. 58.7.
^nEmats two men who marry two nEgoyoxsdala half full. R 103.34.
nEqEmg'usta straight up. R 61.6.
sisters,
^nsmala C UEqa to go right on.together. equal. C 148.17.256.17;
R 78.3. uEqa ten. R 82.19.
^nE^mema, pi. ^nal^nEmema family UEqag'iwala to start bow first. R
group (numaym). M 97.75.617.9; broth-
M UEqiila682.14. noon. R 358.40.ers.
^nE^memot family group, nEqiilaxstala dinner.fellows of
(numaym). R UEqo to meet, to take revenge. Ill59.50.
£nEmeg-a C 469.28; C 346.19 (naqo?).to agree. 22.16.
^UEmwot UEqlEbod half fathom. R 96,52.friend, brother's brother,
nuxse^ half.
cousin same C R 160.38.of sex. 148.26.
^UEmok" M uExsta^ya to touch. R 86.96.friend. 706.8; one per-
nanaqasila to steer,
son. to guide. Ill
^na^nEma 79.32, 312.15; R 177.67.nine. R 168.8.
R nanaxtos flush. R 84.62.^nEmsales to land. 215.52.
naqEmk'a juat in time.
^nEmsawil canoe goes across river.
naqElx'^id to feel unea,sy. X 5.4.
nEnamux^ula to go to see. Ill 46.22. naxsaapla mixed, half. R 190.34.
nEnkw(a) to send with message. naxs^ilala to hesitate.
nEnwaqEna to foretell. Ill 32.7. UEqwa to swallow. R 342.15.
UEg'a mountain. R 173.2, pi. naEnga. -nnx"- to cover with blanket.
C 174.21. ^nawEm cover. R 251.11.
nEk-(a) to steam. R 334.2. ^nax^wid to cover. R 124.83.
UEgump parent-in-law, child-in-law, fuEx-'une blanket. R 210.14.
nephew's wife, niece's husband and snok" covered. R 240.17.
vice versd. Ill 51.17. ^nakuyala to be covered. R 271.38.
1416 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IetH. ANN. 3B
nExw(ala) near. R 88.44. «naxw(a) all. R 73.97.
no^yo medicine put near back of ^nanxwemas all kinds of things. C
pregnant woman. 120.22.
nEX^sok" spoiled child. na^x" vulva. Ill 46.36.
HE.xaq goose. C 64.2. ^nala south, up river. Ill 7.1. (See
nanaxagEm brant goose. C 362.26. ^nala day.)
naxaqlEm goose. C 362.25. ^nElbEnd to go up river. M 676.14.
nEXElil to paddle against wind. Ill ^BEldze up river. R 223.12.
.351.21. ^nalEnx the most valued. Ill 178.37.
nKx^usta to walk up river. Ill 70.23. nalEm black cod. Ill 359.2.
UEXLaax'^id to become full grown. Ill nalame R 207.40.
180.7. nai,!e wolverene. Ill 44.39.
nEla to sing. C 320.26 (Kos). na^nak" to go home. R 58.31.
nE^yo song. C 320.15 (Kos). nag'e large basket of berry picker. R
nEl(x-fid) to fly. C 260.1 (New). 208.13.
^nEla laughing goose. Ill 84.10. nanaagEDi small front basket of
nEl(Ela) to shake. X 85.7. berry picker. R 208.13.
HELa to lie on back. R 168.13. ^nal(a) tocarry a string of fish. Ill 184.20
fna(la) day, light, south. R 77.80. to haul a string of fish down river.
Enaqula light. R 123.82. ne8(a) to pull out. R 195.1.
=naxwats!e window. netslenox" one who catches devil-
^nalolEla to go south. X 3.11. fish. R 151.22.
na(la) to dare. Ill 144.38. netsle^ red cod. R 253.2.
nae^ snow (on ground). C 14.4. ^neg-(a) night. Ill 394.33 (Kos);
naenax" to go home. (New.) nekula to travel at night. Ill
^nawalak" supernatural power. Ill 115.19.
59.40. «nek- to say. R 203.59; to wish. Ill
^nawalakutawe tips of hemlock. 261.8.
^nanwalaguxLawe^ little bunches «nenk-!eqEla to think. C 20.10.
growing on hemlock, neqw(a) foetus dies before birth. Ill
namelyastod all go to one place, 184.28.
nasa to cover. R 336.34. neqw(a) dirty water. R 283.53.
na^yJm cover. R 165.52. nex(a) to pull. Ill 23.1; R 116.fi.
nan grizzly bear III 33.24. nei(a) to show. R 160.38: to tell. Ill
nEngEml grizzly bear mask. Ill 17.10; R 425.27.
33.24. naqe^ mind. R 244.55.
nanag- naqamala without sense. C 148.4.
rianageg'a to obey. C 440.2. n^xsala without sense. C 150.14.
nanax^me to reply. Ill 52.15. naxsala nobleman. V 441.16.
nanaxtslo to imitate. Ill 85.13; naqlEge^ song leader, V 441.19
na^neLEleLEla to repeat. C 12.24. niqade song leader,
nanox^wid to become uneasy. C 78.33.
nala to threaten. C 94.12.
nenasa unavailable. Ill 449.31.
nogwa IIII 17.1.
nak!(aia) to expect. Ill 151.21.
nanuk" expected. nomas old man. IllIll 124.10. 61.42; grand-
^ne^nakil to look in house. Ill father!; place at which sea monsters
163. are believed.33. to live.
^nakwe^sta thorough. Ill 185.13. nomadzil old man who has given
naqa to drink. R 199.35. up his rank,
nagatsle bucket. R 88.53. nos mine. Ill 53.24.
nEnqlema whisky. R 199.35. nusnElaa Aruncus sylvestris Kost.
nagayu drinking tube. n6s(a) to tell a mjih, story. C 376.7.
naxEla swamp, nuyam a myth. X 3.1.
naqe^sta to be covered. Ill 177.8 nEwelEm house story. C 308.9.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1417
nu^se moon (name of a copper) (Hel- g•il(a) first. Ill 13.14.
|
dza^q"). g-lldzEs ancestors. C 300.23 (g'il-
nun wolf. Ill 278,34. tSlES?).
noxwa small blueberries. R 300.78. g-iila first. Ill 7.1; ancestor. R
nox"SEmd to cover. R 190.38 (?). 223.16.
noxwa toaim. 111139.24; nalato aim. g'axg-ilaeL ancestors. C 12.26.
Ill 127.10. g-alaba to lead. C 386.31.
n6x"nokwaxLa little thing! C 154.14 g'alog'iwe^ leader. Ill 8.6.
nox^wid to heat (?) R 148.44. g'alEmalgiwe^ foreleg. R 117.39.
nux^ne^mis. animals of mythical times. 'il(a) to walk on four feet, to trot. M
Ill 223.11, 666.19.
^n61(a) elder brother, sister. Ill 131.9. g'ayimgilsEla pi. R 233.40.
^nolastlEgEme^ eldest brother. Ill g'lloltlEnd to step out on four feet,
45.18. like wolves. C 24.31.
^nolawalil the line of firat-born in- g-ila grizzly bear. C 384.19 (De-
dividuals of a family ( = g-i). nax"da^x").
^nolax'tslane^ second finger, R g-ilg'aemas animals. Ill 18.8.
106.55. gulg-aomas animals.
niil- foolish. g'lg'tlBm ermine.
nEn6«lo foolish. Ill 73.20. •ilalaLEla to dry salmon lengthwise on
nEnolEmlis to be out of mind. poles.
362.28. Jlexwitsia water ousel.
noLa scared •iloi.(a) to steal. R 223.19.
nolneqalaLa troubled. M 717.3. •il^wa canoe. C 310.6 (Kos). (See
g-a«la.)
g'llxwila to make a canoe.
giye ? R 165.51. •llp(a) to count. R 435.70.
giwes frost. R 186.3. tlt!(a) long. Ill 78.7.
g'lpa to tuck in between. C 18.23, g'ildas long lilanket box, box for
gimxwa a hump hangs on something (?). ceremonial objects. R 69.67.
g-imxwalil to lie on face in house. g'lltlEXLala long handled (ladle).
C 296.14. R 258.56.
g'imx"se£sta to hang head. Ill g-ilts!ane bala long span (tip of
329.26. thumb to tip of second finger)
gimwillba hump on nose. ilx(a) leaky: R 91.16.
g'lml- fishhook, g'ilxas urethra ? (=L!adzaxs New);
g-im^lats!e fish-hook box. V 472.4 a this. R 88.24.
(New) (=wiwak'ayEwats!e Kwag). ayanala to know. C 56.1 (?).
g-amo^a fishhook. Ill 292.30 (New). aya-
g'Bta to work in wood, to carve (errone- g'aya^nakula to come from. C 60.31.
ously kMita). Ill 422.32. g-ayoL *o obtain from. Ill 26.11.
glnwa to add. R 70.27. g-ayagas place from which one
g"ins how many? Ill 457.4. conies. Ill 150.25.
g'inox" how many people? C giix'^id to come from. R 120.21.
374.31. g-ag'iLEla from. R 60.13.
gini- child. g'ayanEm obtained from. R 235.21.
g'inanEm child. Ill 59.42. g-aya^las cause. C 160.1; R 397-86,
g iniaxLe child's name. 409.32.
ginlid having children. C 104.11. g a^yala to ask in marriage. C 328.33j
gigaolnuk" parents. Ill 54.18. (Kos).
g'aolg-lx" parents. C 276.11 (New), g aweqIanEm small clams. Ill 134.23.
j
g'Exw(a) canoe drifts away. R 72.73.
g'ixw(a) steelhead salmon. Ill 303.25. g ag-ima small debts. Ill 452.1.;
.
1418 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
ag'omas shadow on ground. Ill g'ex'86g'ugEyo.\"say6k" one hundred
354.20. bundles. R 192.76.
ag'ona to request somebody to do a gixa to sharpen knife, saw; to grind.
thing for one. V 494.6. Ill 96.19; to polish with gritstone. R
•ax to come. R 88.52. 103.31; to rub. R 103. 28.
"axEmodala to give marriage presents. g'exa to put away. R 58.45.
C 306.26 (Kos). g'ilayo winkle,
alala birds expect danger and raise gomaga liver (?). R 94.17.
their heads (g'o'lala?). gotlala loon. (Kos )
•a«la canoe. Ill 127.6. (See gtl^wa). gogiiyo foot. R 114.76.
•aLewala g'omaga a fish. (Hydrolagus goxEwid to help. R 242. (See g'i-
collici). wala.)
agiwala twelve days. R 129.19. gawalapla to help each other. R
axBia selfish. 285.90.
ala loan at 100 per cent interest; to g-ok" house. R 58.31.
owe. R 432.10. g'okilla to dwell. Ill 7.1; village.
i- to be, to put. C 24.19 (go.xwa C 376.10 [GwasJ).
g'es to be on ground gokulot tribe. Ill 30.31, pi. g-o!-
gits!6d to put in. R 205.9. gokulot. R 319.2.
g'a^yas place where something is. gokwaot tribe. C 308.15 (Kos).
R 225.43. g'6x"dEms village site. R 204.66.
g'a-yasila to make room. R 226.15. gogwad house owner. R 241.41.
gaei to be on floor. R 75.31. g'okuns woman married outside of
gaelas bedroom. Ill 22.5. her own tribe goes to get property
giyEmtsla to be in. pi. R 126.12. from her father for feast,
gixsa stern seat in canoe. R 395.23. g'o^lala to expect unseen danger; to be
ig-a(eqa) to resolve. C 20.6; R 111.2. uneasy. X 170.38.
i^wala to help. Ill 166.3 (see g'ox- gol- provisions.
^wid, g'oxwala). g'twiilk" traveling provisions. \'
i lord. Ill 101.22; line of eldest 480.9, pi. goigiwe^. C 162.3.
children. C 16.29. g'ag'o^la to try to get provisions.
giya my dear! C 70.3. X 193.28.
g-is- g'oltala supper.
g'lnp man's brother's wife, wife's k-
sister. Ill 207,21; X 201.27.
gedzol man's brother's wife, wife's k'ip(Ela) to carry wood in arms. Ill
sister, intermediate relative dead. 334.7.
g-esg-as to make love to sister-in- kapa; kapa(Ia) to embrace. C
law. 220.9.
g'ig'E^yatsaga mouse. Ill 38.15. kimtslalil to keep. R 396.71.
g-ig-Htala to purify. C 326.19 (Kos, kimfya to catch hamatsla. 111232,24;
Gwas). ends of circle meet. C 36.19.
g-iga tooth. Ill 96.19. k'imta to pluck off, clean berries. R
g'ig- 264.9.
gigamef chief. Ill 25.13. k'imtala to clean crabapples. R
giqamene^ chief's families. R 216.73.
396.65. k-it!aLEl6d to fit in. R 152.33.
gigaba^ye lower chief. M 671.13. k'itlElaXLa cranky (canoe). C 64.9.
gagexsila to treat like a chief. C k'EsploIe Ribes laxiflorus Pursh.
106.2. kitslExsde tail of porpoise,
g'igad subjects, those who have a k'ina to scoop up. X 168.35.
chief. Ill 7.2. k'EiiqalaLEla attendant of cannibal.
giigEl second chief. C 384.3. Ill 414.27.
g'ex"86 to cross land. (' 104.13. kEnqox^wid to meet. 172.16.
VOCABULARY 1419BOAS]
k-inx-(a) to roll. Ill 301.26. k'as-
k-ane« hoop for game. 111296.37. k'atslEuaq
spoon. R 102.2.
238.12.
k-inxstala to have mouth in water. C k-adzats!e spoon
basket. R
k'ikadzEm small wooden spoon. R
166.24.
k'inqa to apply mouth; k'lnx- 290.4.
k-as^id to distribute spoons. R
^aLEla. C 54.25.
k-Iq(a) canoes meet, people strike heads 407.51.
k-asela to make spoons. R 103.27.
together.
k'aqo canoes meet. k-a8(a) to
shred cedar bark.
bark. Ill
k-iqal6d to nudge. C 18.2. k-adzEk" shredded
cedar
k'iqeta to raise head (dog). 010.12. 58.35.
being shredded.
k'EgEdzo cedar barkto put down fish. R 229.3. k-asele«
kak-Ewa towait(?). R 318.17. R 134.32.
kExw(a) whale blows. Ill 312.14; steam k-ayayo R 109.16, k'adzayo R
V 109.4; instrument for shredding.blows off. 473.6.
k-E^was blow hole of whale, por- k-ats!aenef (?) R 248.39.
k-ane punk, fungus on trees.poise, etc.
ground
k-tx(Elaga) crow. Ill 47.30. k-ink-ink-!Es
fungi on
kExp'.ala smell of crow, (=echo).
(See k'lnx-a.)
k'lana crow. (New.) k-anes hoop game.
to bring back with
k-ix(ala) stench. 111319.14. (Seekil-) k-ak-iltsEma
to try
floating on water.
kElak" muskrat. pole a round thing
k-ElgElEgind to lick oft inside (?). Ill 102.26.
k-Jlx(a) circle, round, to turn a grind- k-aqElge«
canoe passes through (char-
stone, coal)'.
C 268.7.
to slice crosswise. R
k-ilx'sta a round pond with steep k-aqElatsEmd
sides. Ill 143.3. 348.5.
kilx-^id to revolve, k-ax^aLElod to put stick
backward. R
k-ilxsto round. C 392.32. 76.51(?).
k-ikilnala. trying to encircle (nov- k-ax cry of crow. C 246.32.
k-al(a) to carry clamshells. V 493.2.ice). Ill 59.24.
k-akilx-ala to bulge. R 57.17. k-es(a) to light matches. R 505.22.
olachen or herrings.
k-ilxw(a) upto buy. R 289.86. k-in(a) to scoop
ktlom price. 86.2. X 168.35.1
of Mink. M 712.8.
kilx(a) to strike face k'ax-
story name
(?). I
k-il(wustala) to lift. R 430.49. k-ixw(a) hair is brown.
k-ex(a) to scrape. R 115.85.
ktl(Ela) afraid. Ill 46.7.
cockleshell for scraping
ktlEm k-exayodreaded. M 717.2.
skins.
k-a- to put down a dish. Ill 81.32. I k-exaia to scrape off. R 268.90.
k-ax-dzamolil V 442.16.
k-elts!ala to pile up. R 526.1.
k-a^ya to drive away. C 340.4. k-eL(a) to fish with net. C 102.29.
k-am(a) wing (cut off ). Ill 313.17. k-eLEm net. C 104.9.
k-amaxk-amaq!ast6 snapping door. C k-at- ?
272.6 (k-amak-amaqa«st6?). k-Ek-at!ala to warn. 344.3,356.21
k-at(a) to put down a long thing. R (Kos).
175.13. k-at!ala talker(?).
k-adEdzod to put down a long k-6t(a) to guess. R 72.56.
thing on a flat thing. R 62.56. k-6s(Ela) to scrape off scales. R 345.17.
k-IaadEm sticks that hold salmon k-6gwis pearl shell.
flat in tongs. k-6kwextala button blanket. Ill
k-iik-EtEnxeE side pieces of drying- 449.5.
stick, copper. Ill
frame. R 271.51. k-6qw(a) to break
k-adayol R 260.98. 448.34; R 403.13.ruler.
1420 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
k'6qw(a) to bend. k'lEtsle fungus growing on trees (burnt).
k'.ogwayo instrument for bendini,'. k'!E^n(ala) (hair, horns) are loose. R
R 71.42. 102.11.
k-6xw(a) to cool off, lukewarm. R k-!Eng-alit to go to get. R 88.51.
144.34. k'lEnEmg'alii to look over. II
k-o^les thin, lean. Ill 345.20. 191.59.
k-61(a) water sinks. Ill 143.33 (river k'.Enaesa -to feel cold. Ill 45.29.
is nearly dry, Kwag). k' lEnwia spider crab.
k'oles low water in stream (Nim- k-lEuot Chiton. Ill 344.37.
kish). k-lEnx-^id to select. V 440.40.
I
k-! k'!Enxw(a) (hair is) matted.
I k'!inxw(a) (?) shaky, unsteady. Ill
k'lEWBlk" cut in thick pieces. R 312.6.
250.92; square; R 147.17. k' lEnwala cranky on water (canoe).
k!Ep(a) twisted. V 496.7 (k-lElpa?). k-!ik'(a) to pull (backward); to pull,
k-!ip(ala) to hold with tongs, R 348.53. stretch skins. Ill 139.40.
k-!ipLala tongs. R 74.9, 434.35. k-Ia^nakula (?) Ill 352.25.
k-!im^a tosurround. C26.3 (k-im«ya?). kMik'lEnakula to go ashore back-
k'lEmaqEla calm. R 413.1. ward. R 414.10.
k' lamLax calm (New). kMik'laok" skunk cabbage.
kMimyaxLa joint where side of box is gwex's k"!ik'!a6k" plantain ( = like
nailed together. R 276.17. skunk cabbage).
k-!im^y(a) to lock door, to bar behind k'!Eq(a) to pay in advance, to throw
oneself. salmon on blanket on ground, to pile
kMEmt(a) to notch, to cut across. R up blankets. Ill 453.19, to count
106.46, 152.6. blankets or mats,
k'!Ems(a) to rough out canoe. V 344.32. k !Eqw(a) to pull out (something easily).
k-lEmne a fish (Clupea Pallasii). V 387.20.
k-!imL(a) to adz. R 58.34; 103.24. k-!iq!us poles. C 24.13.
k-!imt6d to adz top. R 65.19 kMiqIus young spruce.
(?k-!imlt6d?). k!ek!anuxstalil to hold in mouth.
k'lEyimsala to adz holes through. C 184.'21.
r'i70.53. k'lix-wElsEla to put sticks in
k-!ek-EX'SEwak" holes cut out. R ground. C 148.9.
170.52. k'liquxstEnd arrow strikes notch.
k-!idElawe kingfisher. Ill 296.16. C 122.24.
k-lEdawe kingfisher (New). k-!Exw(a) to blow out. R 389.29.
k-!idElx(Ela) dizzy. Ill 247.34. k'!'tx'(a) to defecate (dog salmon or hali-
k-!ideg-e^ to cutneck (?). R 223.4 (k-!i- but). Ill 293.29.
leg-e£?). k-!ixEmx'^id to keep ej^es shut. C
dorsal fin, X 192.20; R 227.4. 208.14.
k-!tt(a) to weave wickerwork. R 100.1; k-!TlEm tongue. Ill 197.10.
to make a fence, a drying frame; to k-lElk-lElx^En to lick off. C 388.17.
weave cedar bark. R 137.26.
klilk'as a plant (=tongueof
k-!itEla wattling. Ill 189.5.
ground).
kMitk-lEdes fence. Ill 28.2; frame
digging stick. R 72.73.
for drying
k!!lak"
berries. R 231.10.
227.4.
k-!idEm woof. R 138.48. k-nieg-e^ dorsal fin (?) R
kMitdEmil weaving frame. R k-!ilp(a) to twist. R 37.4.
142.22. k'.Elplala copper smell. Ill 64.8.
klEsklEsa holding slack. R 131.15. k-!ilt(a) mouthful. R 290.13.
k-i.EswuLa to keep secret. C 380.3 klEltama to despise. Ill 437.5, R
(Gwas). 409.29.
'
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1421
k-!ilkna) to tie strings on {?). R139.5,17. k'!as6 married couple separates; hus-
k!tlx"p!§q handle of digging stick. band divorces his wife.
R 147.28. k'!adzalats!e ant (=gathers in hole in
kMilg ik" stitch in open work-bas- ground, see k!a to take sand in hand),
ket (tying). k'lana crow (New); name of copper
k'!ilq(;i) man urinates. Ill 264.25. (Heldza^q").
k-!ilx-(a) raw. R 3G8.34; unripe. R k'!ak-!aqwama Chamaeneriumspicatum
2S2.14. (Lam) D. F. Gray.
k' !ilx(a) fire is extinguished (k' !ilqa?). k'!ak!eLa^ma vScirpus microcarpus
k-!ilx«id to extinguish. R 127.39. Presl.
k-!iIx(Ela) a thorny plant with milky k"!ak'!osa^ma Struthiopteris spicans
juice. (S) Weiss.
k-!tl(a) to shake R 209.2. k'!aq(a) foundation of logs. M 679.19.off.
k' !lldz6 to shake off on flat thing. klaxse^stEnd to place logs around.
R Ill221.2. 277.19.
klilto-'nakula itgetsdark R 190.47. k'lagil staging in house. R 167.31.(?).
k"!agEdzo
k'laak'ledEXLii wax wing (=flatknoton (?) to put fish on flat thing.
R'403.4. (k-!igEdz6).
head).
k!a R k'!axw(a)hand. to shave (=XBlxwa). Illto take sand, berries in
253.11.
203.58.
k'lawayu (shaving) knife. Ill
k' !ax"ss\ to draw (,head) back through
266.34.
something. C 392.29.
k-lak" shaved, whittled. R 79.15.
k-!a to go backward. Ill 352.15;
R k-.'awats!e carved box. C 304.2.131.15.
R klaxdEmback beam,canoe. long pole. R 167.19.k'lEx'^alis to
k-!at(Ela) to steam. R 74.17.
193.98 (k-!ax-^alis?).
R k'lala to menstruate . 350.23kMayaxw(a) to be half dry (salmon).
(Kos).
316.4. k'lElalamas to be out of breath.
k-!a6k" skunk cabbage. R 335.21; only k-!aimis womb. Ill 46.34.
reduplicated kMIkMaok". k' !aL(a) to throw a flat thing.
kMawas dry halibut. R 130.33. k'!ad(a) third finger.
k'awadzages mantle of mussel. V kMa to cut blubber. 258.16; to carve
487.35. wood. Ill 99.20.
k'!awaq!a Heldza^q" name for Dzono- k-Ieyol whale blubber. Ill 383.29.
q!wa; name of a copper. k-!ek" carved figure. Ill 122.14.
k!ap(a) to gnaw (mouse). Ill 370.41. k'le^yala virgin. Ill 219.14.
k'!apk'!apas shrew. kleox^wid to disappear. 80.12.
k'lama Salmo Clarkii. k-!et(ala) to sit still (?)
k'lamaEm Salmo Clarkii stomias. k!edel chief 's eldest daughter. Ill
k!amadz(ena) cascade, 220.7, pL k-!esk-!edel. R 126.13.
k'lamx"- kledad having a princess. 0107.4.
k'lamoma hemlock needles. R k'!et(a) to gather grass.
k-letlEm grass. R 188.50.
184.3, 423.25.
k-!es not. R 57.4.klak-Emwa to try to get hemlock
kleas nothing, none. R 57.4.
needles.
k'lesala to hang down. R 271.51.
k"!ad(a) a fish (Platichthys stellatus). kles^o crest, privilege. Ill 121.32.
k'lada^ya being on a flat thing. Ill k!ek!esLEn dreadful body; cliff. Ill
307.26. (k-ladza^ya?) 369.30.
k-!at(a) to paint. R 236.15 (k'latla?). klek'lesneqalag'Ua to frighten.
k!ataas paint dish. R 58.40. Ill 483.26.
k'latlenox" painter. R 236.15. k!eq(a) to have headway (as canoe after
kMasaxa white owl. paddles stop).
k'!ek'!adzeg'e= hand tied behind. Ill k'legEm water cutter of canoe. R
158.38. 176.49.
1422 ETHXOLOC.Y OF THE KWAKIUTL Kill. ANN. 3oI
k!ex-s6d to cut (?) R 16i).4().
k!exw(a) slave runs away, escapes. Ill
gwa- down river.
:{4.31. gwae^ down river, north. Ill 7.2.
kMexk'lExes a diver, gwasEm tears. Ill 470.1.
k!el(a) slime. R 245.79. gwasod to place side by side. R 93.2.
k-!elak-(a) to strike with weapon. Ill gwats!(a) to chafe through,
98.28. gwanap! to try each other (gwEnap! ?).
k'!eL(a) to cut grass or seaweed with gwana(x'^id) to bend over, to double
sharp edge. up. R 110.28.
kleLBnx knife(?). Ill 270.21 gwanala bent over. R 138.45.
(Kos). gwanagEk" bent over. R 135.24.
k!ek!eLEmak" scarred (name of a gwa^nala toconsider. 1II473.38;R69.7.
mountain in Knight Inlet). gwanala to expect. 34.20.
k!6p(a) to tear a flat thing. R 319.21. gwagwatala (?) Ill 286.23.
k!ak-!obane old mat. Ill 178.10. gwagolEmx'sila to make salmon trap
k'lobawas cedar bark blanket. Ill (Awik-Ienox") C 374.21.
92.35. gwagultama (from gulta) fireweed, Cha-
k!at to throw away. X 115.32. (to maenerium augustifolium.
throw sweepings out of house.) gwaqlEla to wish, to prevent (?) R
k-!6^ma bullhead. 210.33. (klo^ma?) 187.24.
k'!6mats!e dried clams. Ill 134.2. gwax"gugwis seaweed. C 354.2.
k-!6mes boiled gills. R 407.43. gwtilExs to go away in canoe. R 99.45.
k-!6mstag-i-lak" gill soup. R407.59. gwex'^id to awaken (k!wex=id?) Ill
k'lodEn half a finger width, from palm 251.4.
to back. R 62.43. gwegwegwe oyster catcher,
k'lodage clitoris. gwela to scatter (sticks, clothes, blan-
k-!ot(ala) to put on edge. R 387.16. kets). R 261.30.
k-IotEla salmon. R 223.6. gudena golden-eye duck.
k-!6s(a) to bend edge of box; corner of gut(a) to untie. R 369.9.
walls of house. R 75.43. gu8(a) to wash. X 197.26 (New).
k-!6dz6d to tear off. R 163.24. gun(a) to try. R 102,10.
k' lok"- to stand on edge. gunep alder wood. C 68.9.
k'.ogwidzes edge. Ill 68.22. gunt!(a) heavy. R 195.27.
kMokumlii board front. X 4.40. gungoLlalis making fall before him.
k-!6kula bracelet. Ill 449.6. gunxatsle basket for hykwa.
k'!6k!uln6s triangular. R 147.21. guq(a) to pour. R 47.7.
k'!6qii(la) to carry a basket in one hand. giilt(a) fire flames. Ill 45.31.
R 264.19. guldEm flicker. C 132.16.
k-!6gwas handle. R 139.8. gulkwit to rub body (with hemlock
k'!6xw(a) shaman sucks out disease. branches?). C 30.2.
(See kMixwa?). g6ul(Ela) to walk down river, C 24.9.
kMatsle dish into which shaman guL'.Esa to keep, to leave standing. R
spits sickness. 269.12.
k-!6xw(a) to fold. Ill 338.39. kw
k!6xug-al to cut. (?) R 103.33.
k'lalag'iLe^ to open shells on water C kwapod to tear off. R 95.25.
224.3. kwas(a) to kick. X 60.13; R 176.49.
k-!(M6t! porpoise. Ill 207.29; R 174.2. kwaskwas bluejay. Ill 361.29, (kwEs-
k'!61o.x" dried salmon with three sticks kwEs?) Ill 49.28.
across, hanging from tail. R 236.17. (kwak"-) Kwag'ul name of tribe.
k-!OL!a rough. R 103.26. kwax£(id) to smoke. R 150.25.
BOAS] VOCABTJLAKY 1423
kwaxw(a) hole. Ill 72.39. kiwawaqayo instrument for cutting off
kwaxw(a) lungs of porpoise. heads. M 706.7.
kwalatalEm making sleepy(?). R339.29. k!wat(a) to stake in gambling. C 234.16
kwal^(id) to decrease, to be used up(?). (New).
C 360.34. k!was mussels. C 224.3 (New).
kwas(a) to wash with urine. Ill 62.18. klwa^sta cup.
kwasa (New). C 194.9. k!wak!wayaak" tried to be made light,
kwatsle chamber vessel. M 684.7. (or k!wak!wEyaak"). R 140.21.
kweg-an call of bluejay (?.). Ill 49.33, k!wak!watama a tree, Populus bal-
or to cry (?), klweg'a^l. samifera L.
kwe8(a) to spit. R 58.39. k !wak lunwayo paint for protecting face
kwek" eagle. Ill 92.29. against sun.
kwekux"d marmot. R 422.6. k!waq-.
kweq(a) to rave. Ill 224.26. kIwaxLawef cedar wood. R 69.62.
kwexElis C 10.5. k!wak!waq!a to try to get cedar
kwex(a) to club. Ill 242.5. wood.
kumb(a) to stoop, klwalo^s to marry brother's widow.
kwilk-a wren. C 226.23 (New). k!was sleeping place of seals. R 178.85.
kut(ala), or kutEla low-sided, shallow k!wats!e canoe. C 296.10. (Kos.)
basket. R 140.12. klwag-ila quite (?). Ill 22.9.
ktltala log sinks in deep water, k!we(ga^l) child cries. Ill 207.31.
kflsala to pluck off leaves. R 259.78. k!wet(a) to pry open. C 246.1.
kusx'(EsgEmlis) splashing. R 183.5. k!wet(a) to make a groove. R 58.38.
kusxala streak of spray, fluid runs kiwetaa a barnacle, (gwetaa ? k!we-
out. Ill 345.35; C 44.15. t!aa ?).
ku«n(a) mink. Ill 362.1 (New). k!wes(a) to snow. Ill 392.20.
kuns(a) to steam in oven underground. klwesmis snow. C 12.20.
R 90.78. klwenal^id to move. Ill 57.30.
kunyas oven. R 164.46. k!wex"sEmala twisted. R 78.99. (=8e1x-
kuns(a) clouds roll along. Ill 112.2. sEmala.)
kunsEmaxa clouds roll down. C k!wex(a) to plan. Ill 302.5.
12.10. k!wel(a) feaster, III 235.41.
kunxw(a) to thunder. M 685.12. k!wax''m6t slow match. C 248.18;
kilk-(a) a person falls. Ill 407.13. sucked. R 358.33.
k(ik-(a) berries burst. R 270.27 (quka?). klwEyaak" steamed. R 334.1.
kuq(a) to split. R 57.5, 82.16. kluyoq" proud. C 244.15 (New).
kuxs^End to split. R 57.10. k!up(a) to break with hands (dry sal-
kux(a) flow. R 341.61. mon, branches). Ill 411.4.
kukumx'a ruffed grouse, klo^ma bullhead. Ill 149.17. (k'lo-
kuxalas a berry, Vaccinium globulare ^ma?).
Rydb. klomes R 382.55.
kul(a) to lie, several persons. Ill 25.5. klumal battledoor and shuttlecock.
kwElElitsIenox" able to reach. R 129.9. k !6m6s(a) to be a model, pattern of some-
kuleye^ reed mat. R 94.15. thing. C 86.28.
kulxw(a) grayish. R 296.78. kmmt(a) to suck. Ill 126.29.
kultsEmala sunken rock, awash. klflmsL'a a fish (Hemilepidotus tilesius).
k!w k!uml-
k!umElx-£id to burn. R 102.9.
klwE^yim crew of warriors. Ill 212.14. klumla to burn.
k!wa(la) to sit, one person. Ill 8.1. k!umi.(a) to shrink back. C 40.22.
kiwaxi.ala steersman. C 352.13. k!ut(a) to stick on. R 299.60.
klwaapa man gives property to wife's k!wek!utsEm sticking on. R 420.40.
father, to get back wife who left him. klutal blanket. C 190.17. (New.)
1424 ETHXOLUliV OK THE KWAKIUTL I ETil. ANN. 35
k!us(ala) to sit, several persons. R246 88. gfJC"sEq!End to spread, throw .some-
k'.udzElEne to take off fish from hook thing over a rope or a log. Ill 79.11.
(or kluldzElEne ?). R 181.51. gEl(Em) rib. Ill 43.38.
kliltsEm light of weight. R 140.21. gElaol bone club. C 310.18.
kluse light clay. R 190.34. gElEmx'ii strainer made of rib.s. R
k!uts!e« leather, hide, skin. Ill 89.29. 411.44.
klunaxw(a) to split boards. C 196.1. gElx-«id to scold. Ill 320.21.
(New.) gEles(Ela) to screech. Ill 295.34.
k!unq(a) wet. R 314.26. gEle^ wava. Ill 256.20.
kluk'Elis to budge, can be moved. Ill gElex^wid to bend down. R 210.25.
372.19. gElogwa to be bent? Ill 295.33.
klukMEga^'i noise of bursting. Ill 186.8. gaLEk" hooked.
k!uxw(a) sunburnt. R 431.71. gElp(a) to grasp with hands. 111126.26.
k!uq-?k!ux-? to tow. (Kos.) gEls(a) to smear on. R 299.64. (qlEls?)
kluxsdsLe to tow. 332.6 (Kos). gElyayo paint. R 58.43.
k!uUa) to pull out hair, to pluck off. gEltslEm mussel shell knife. K 242.16.
Ill 87.22. gElq(a) tolil't. Ill 127.28; to swim. Ill
k!ulp(a) to pick off berries. R 206.29. 375.4 (Kos).
klulklilps^ala to tear a bird to gElx^ed to spin two threads of bark to-
pieces. C 190.3 (New). gether. V 486.29.
k!uls(a) to take fish out of trap. R 183.1. gElxw(a) to count on fingers. Ill 149.12.
klulx^ed to sight. V 360.9. gElx(mEs) rosebush.
gEgElx rose fruit.
ga(ala) morning. R 95.39.
gaagas eye (New); heart of wood (New). gaaxste^ breakfast. R 253.20.
0' 218.24. gay- across. R 374.26.
gEyagES eye. geyala crosswise. R 412.48.
gatsetse^ya bunion. gebe^ crosspiece at end. R 272.66.
gEyol long ago. R 77.82. gaya- to come from. Ill 39.31.
gEbElalilEla R 113.51. gait hat. C 236.2 (qait?). (New, Kos).
gEl6q!w(ala) raven's cry. M 689.10. gato grandfather!
gEbEloxstiVye eye. R 395.43. gasx'Ex-«id to carry (see gax''si5la, gax-
gaplEqa to tuck in. Ill 128.20. SEX-£id?) R 236.21.
gEm6t(a) wolf howls. M 711.15. gadzEq starfish. Ill 312.14.
gBms dead fern leaves, moss. R 257.48. gadzEq(ala) woven in broad strips. R
gEmx(a) to carry blankets, branches, 137.34.
etc., on arms. Ill 453.3; R 343.30. gan^ mother!
gEmx(axdze) left side (of canoe). R ganao^ mother!
97.69. ganadze grandmother!
gEmxw(ata) to hold head bent down. R ganoL night. R 120.12.
272.77. gagEmp grandfather,
gEdEl6q!witse^ navel. gagas grandmother.
gEna baby girl. Ill 207.40. gagE(k!ig'a^l) to apologize for something
gEnk(a) thick, pasty, thick fog. Ill that has been said.
255.38. gagElwaEms fir tree. Ill 309.1.
gEnla beware! Ill 394.22 (Kos). gagesamak' jellyfish,
gEUEm wife (stem gEg -). R 72.73. gagexa^me Galium Aporine L.
gEgad having a wife. R 65.30. gax'-En to straddle. R 133.22.
gagak!ala to woo. C 64.18. gaxsq!End to step over a log or a
gagakMalayu wooing song. C rope,
298.17. gaxayu adz. V 347.8.
gEgElal red-breasted robin. gaxwutod to hang down. C 156.3.
gEgoq" swan. Ill 61.32. gax"sala to carry on fingers. Ill 306.37.
liOAS] VOCABtlLAKY 1425
gafl(a) reproach. Ill 451.27. gwedz(a) sparrow. Ill 13.14.
galopala crosswise, a line crosses over. gwek'-
R 134.7. gwE^yim whale. Ill 310.31.
galodayu trolling hook. R 158.45. gwagwekMa to go whaling. M 667.9.
gaElolEm objection. Ill 451.27. gwelgwsia property, clothing. R 351.14.
gaLEla go! (Kos). guyinxe straight edge. R 65.5.
gaL(a) to fish with hook. 111329.21. giiyoLas place of catching halibut. R
ge^(s) long (on ground). R 86.6. 253.2.
gala long time. Ill 39.37; R 82.8. gobEta scales. R 409.31.
gela' come! Ill 261.10. gums ochre. Ill 330.41.
gemas old salmon. R 315.3. old mat. gumyasap!a to give first potlatrh
R 519.42. (from gums ochre).
giigiwala twelve R 276.13. got!(a) to punch with fist.
get(a) fresh (fish). R 245.86. got!ala cry of loon. Ill 228.16.
gesdEm Heracleum lanatum Michx. gos dew. R 240.18.
gatsEm claw. Ill 313.43. gegosEmala to perspire. R 407.59,
gets!a to beg III 105.15. Gosgimux" name of tribe, Koskimo.
ge^nal(a) to threaten. X 8.3. gogos sawbill duck. Ill 461.31.
gen louse. Ill 293.40. gun nettle, nettle fibre. R 163.1.
ge^ne salmon roe. R 58.39. qun(a) to pay debt. Ill 451.41 (qwana
,
gexw(a) to hang. R 225.9. guna ?).
gewas deer. Ill 94.17; hanging gune^ ashes. R 150.35.
place. gogume^ face. R 129.77.
gwa. stop! G 160.18. gogulg'e^ core. R 106.37.
gwala finished. Ill 18.12. gogulEto^ blossoms. R 201.8.
gwa§xsd to desire. C 328.19 (Kos). gwegux'isElas ragged looks. C 24.8.
gwayak'!ala to stop. R 294.52. goxw(a) toscoop up (goqwa?). R237.39.
gwayuk" heavy. Ill 455.2. goxuyind to scoop up.
gwadEm huckleberry. R 296.1. gol(a) to stir, to draw inward . R 423 .25,
gwata to pick huckleberries (?). to skim oft; R 423.28.
gwas^ed to mention, to refer to. Ill gol(a) trout. Ill 102.9.
16.10. golale salmon berry. 196.31 (New),
gwE^yo referred to. R 131.8. giinek- gum. X 234.3; a fish (Sebas-
gwas(a) this side of something, less. todes alutus).
gwas(6lEla) to approach. Ill 8.3. gogulbEs "tallow eater." C 420.4.
gwa(gustala) toraisehead. Ill 293.18. golol to scoop out guts. R 242.21.
guyolEla direction ?
gwagwaxmEs. big alder tree,
gwax"- qEp(a) to upset, to empty out. R 59.68.
gwa^wina raven. Ill 110.1. qEbEkwel ghost dance (AwaiLEla).
gwagwex's-ala to talk. R 60.1. C 414.15.
gwax^guwa a fish (Calamus penna). qEmt(a) to notch. R 9.92.
gwax(a) streaks on body. qEmqEmdEnodzEnd to notch at
gwax^nes dog salmon. R 58.39. each side R 103.24.
gwal(a) finished, ready. R 57.14. qEmkw(a) to snap together (jaws); to cry
gwalas lizard. Ill 261.33. eagle. M 679.12.
gwaL(Ela) to groan (qlwaLEla?). 054.10. qEmx(a) to strip off with fingers.
gwamag'iw(ala) to go stern first. R qEmxala to strip off herring spawn
212.12. with fingers. R 254.9.
gwe(gila) to do thus. Ill 369.25. qEt(a) to spread, to string bow. C
gwex-8 like. R 59.67. 48.10; R 337.31.
gwexsdEm kind. R 140.18. qadEm spreading-sticka for drying
gwala thus. R 58.26. salmon.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 41
.
1426 ETHJiTOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ANN. 36
qEt(a)—Continued. qabix(a) heat of fire on body. 111116.42.
qeqEdEnoLEmto^ side support. R qabe^nad having heat.
95.33. qaqabi^nEm burnt by heat.
qEtts'.o to insert needle for knit- qamxw(a) down of bird. Ill 153.35.
ting net. R 168.2. qamx''qamwis fruits of k'!ak'!ax-
qatet!ed to cut crosswise. R 387.23, to qwa^me.
cut blocks out of tree. qat(a) to disagree.
qEs(a) to coil up. R 176.30. qatapla to disagree with each other.
qEs qeqapalol double. R 126.11.his,
qEsmaq his own. R 433.13. qa8(a) to walk. R 60.4.
qEns{a) adz. V 362.35. qaso , to promise a feast. R 438.30.to
54.23.
qEnq(a) qast friend! Cto snap. C 420.5.
eagle (DEnax'da^x"). qak(a) to cutoff head. R243.41, 332.31.qEnqlala cry of
Cornus Canadensis (qE- qagutala overhanging. C 18.8.qEk-(a) to pick
R qaqak'En to tie mat to back. R 200.10.k-laale). 220.1.
Cornus Canadensis L. qaqadala to disobey. Ill 104.13.qEk' laale
qaqek !ala to ask for mercy
qEkw(a) to collapse (house).
R qaqek!ig'a^t to ask for mercy. CqEx(a) to wind around. 306.30.
32.3.
qEnas waist. R 221.9.
mouth R qaqetEn gulches, grooves in stone.qEX'Este^ hoop at of net. qaqEtEmd to cut crosswise. 353.9.
164.36. qaqomxwama Eryophorum gracile Koch.
qExime^ headring. Ill 18.6.
qaq!a frame for drying herring spawn.
qix'od to take off what is w-ound R 254.4.
around. Ill 18.10. qa^las T-shaped piece of copper.
qanayu ring for purification.
R qa(La) indeed. Ill 16.11.qEnxala to tie around neck. qes(a) to shine, smooth. R 60.76.
208.10. qenol pillow. Ill 283.32.
qExw(a) to cohabit. C 204.11 (New, qexagEms bare ground where a village
Kos). has been burnt. C 248.25 (New,
qEx(Ela) R 254.3 pole with forked top. Kwag)
qEx^Ene^ R 175.14, fork of a tree qel(a) to visit. Ill 78.12.
(=forked body). qo if. R 75.29.
qEx(a) pole on rock. qwap(a) (mat, calico, etc.) tears. R
qEkw(a) to notch. R 227.14. 406.17.
qEl^ya plover, Aegialites semipalmata. qwasamak"a to bloom. Ill 299.6.
qEldEm post. Ill 401.6. qwak'lEne- twigs on body (of tree). R
qElk-(a) to be tired after work. Ill 112.27.
24.10. qwaqe«. R 174.31.
qElkw(a) to lie down. R 391.27. qwaq(a) to split fish lengthwise (qlwaqa ?
qElgwil to lie down in house, i. e., klwaqa ?). C 208.20; R 174.25.
to be sick abed. 111282.39. qwagayo butcher knife. V 493.22.
qElxw(a) to mix. R 301.34. qwaqe^ belly cut open. R 174.31.
qElx(a) to lay eggs. qwagwilbe lance. Ill 471.34.
qaqElx^a to go after eggs; to spear qwaqe scratch (Nak).
salmon (Dzaw). qwa^nas(k'as) friends! (AwikMenox").
qElxod to give birth. X 201.26 qwaqiwane heron. 111296.15.
(New). qwaq!" heron (New).
qElxk' laes^id to conceive. X qwaxw(a) to appear, to show oneself.
201.22 (New). C36.1.
qElxatsIe nest. Ill 92.29. qwaxulis olachen run. R 92.36.
qElxela to nest. C 376.13 (Gwas). qweda go away! Ill 461.33; C 70.20.
qElxamene^ egg. C 376.15 (Gwas). qwes(ala) far. R 91.2.
qa that, and R 57.4. qwe^sala distance in time. R
qaaiqoxsidze^ ankle. X 150.37. 144.38.
BOAS] VOCABITLAEY 1427
q-wes(ala)—Continued. q!Em8(a) lazy, reluctant. R 391.26.
qwesila to go far. R 61.17. q!ams(a) to pick salmon berries,
qwesElis gagEmp great-great-grand- qlEmdzEk" salmon berry. R140.18.
father. q!Emkw(a) to bite off something hard,
qwesEnxElis gagEmp father of great- to graze. Ill 10.3; 196.7.
great-grandfath er. <l!Emg'imbala barbed points. Ill
qwesaaxsEni woman married far 103.24.
away. qiamax herring. Ill 376.21; C 190.21
qwel(a) to untie. R 185.23. (Kos, New).
qom(a) thumb. R 57.20. q!Emq(a) to mend net, to splice netting
q6t(a) topick (qotlxole). R 218.1. twine.
qotlxole choke cherry {?). R 218.1' qlEml-
qotex.-(a) to pay marriage debt. Ill qlEmlala meat. R 243.40.
* 462.11. qlEmiqal to eat meat. R 417.69.
q6t!(a) full. R 72.61. q!Et(a) to mend, to patch canoe. Ill
qus(a) to peel off. R 121.38. 29.18.
qos thine. Ill 102.4. q!Es(a) to eat meat. Ill 21.11.
qosne^ gills. R 223.2. q!Es(f)d) to take revenge. Ill 136.33.
qunqluga^l to groan in sleep. X 96.28. qlEsaLEla to fit accurately, to press on.
quk-(a) to burst. R 236.9 (or kuk'a). R 91.14.
qoqw(a) lump, qlEs^Ene^ shirt (=fit to body ?) C
ququnapa young saw-bill ducks. C 42.19.
380.6 (Gwas). qlEsmEnk" settled down, to draw
quqliiga^l to stir in sleep. C 412.3. breath. R 261.32; G 422.10.
q6qw(a) to put hollow thing on side. q!En(a) to sew. R 110.44.
R 239.33. qlEnyo thread. R 158.41.
qilx(a) gray, dusty, flour. R 95.22. q!aq!anul blanket of skins sewed
quxsta lime colored. C 386.16. together. C 90.12.
qwEx clay. C 232.10 (New). q!anq!aq!awalis milky way (=seam
quxalas aberry (=nox.wa). R300.82. of heaven). M 691.5.
qox^wid to lift. R 431.60. q!aq!anayux"ts!ane' thimble.
qul(ba) end (of rope, story). 0,160.15. q!Enep(End) to wrap up. R 264.12.
qo-la to wish. C 318.5 (Kos). q!Bn8(a) to gather Cryptochiton. R
q61oqw(a) knob. R 436.87. 293.21.
qologwa.-u bird arrow. C 122.26. qlEnas Cryptochiton. R 151.8.
qau^loma beaver face (name of copper) q!Ens(a) to mend (cloth, net, basket,
(Heldza«q"). mat). C 162.19.
qolos mythical bird. M 711.11. qlEnk" sticky (spawn). R 235.1.
qul(a) waves strike. Ill 256.22. qianqa sticky. R 393.14.
qulEm drifted ashore. R 335.15. q!Ek-(a) to bite. R 247.18.
kultsEmala (qultsEmala ?). sunken q!aq!ag'EtEwa tern (Sterna paradi-
rock. sea) (=trying to bite bead).
quL(a) tassel, to tear in strips. Ill 89.8; qlEg'es steel trap (=bite on beach).
R 121.26. qlEk'lElsa entangled rope.
qol(Ela) crooked (wedge, trail, line). qlEk" broken (paddle). R 298.39.
V 345.37. qlEqiEne Crataegus rivularis, Pursh.
C 390.28.
qlEbEgwis sand, C 270.2 (New). qlEkola to pull out fishbones.
q!Em(a) race. C 38.6. q!Ex«wults!a (ashes) fly out. C 396.26.
q!Em(a) to splice. qlEX'SEma^lil slow match. C 248.18.
qlEmbEudayu splice. qlEXEmen Peucedanum leiocarpum. R
q!Emt(a) to sing. Ill 69.19. 175.8.
1428 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [BTH. ANN. 3t
qlElex-SEin self. R 308.67. q!am-
qlElt(a) to cut with chisel, to break q!amq!amk' !ala to change the sub-
copper. V 344.5. ject after a discussion. Ill 448.30.
qlEldayu chisel. V 344.3. q!atE8 frog. C 108.9.
qlEls oil, grease. R 331.10. (gEls ?) q!as(a) sea otter. C 350.5.
qlElek" smeared. R 148.52. q!as(a) to notch. R 167.27.
q!Els(a) to throw (anchor) into water. q!aB(E]a) to mind, to take notice. C
C 138.20. 176.25.
q'.EldzEm anchor. V 487.31. qlatsEwe^ known. R 195.15.
q!Elxu(la) to coil up. R 111.13. qlE^sox^wid to fit well (a patch); to put
qlElk" harpoon line. R 175.7; together (poles, canoes, boards). R
plaited line (q!ala to plait a rope), 110.29.
qla^lawe worm. Ill 101.32. q!ats6 -grandfather! (child's pronuncia-_
qlEl^wad having worms. tion for qlak'6 slave).
q!Elx(a) to wrinkle. q!anax(Ela) to soar down. C 74.10.
q!El(a) to carry in arms. 111464.32; to q!ak'ults!alis crowded in house. M
put sling over hanging horizontal pole. 693.15.
qlElel hanging pole, scaffolding. R q!a(k'!Eg'a^l) sound of snapping jaws.
125.8. C 338.24 (Kos).
qUldEma horizontal pole from q!ak"- slave.
which other horizontal pole is sus- q!ako slave. C 62.22.
pended. q!aq Iwaxo loaning with high inter-
qlElEm sling for suspending hori- est (=selling slave),
zontal pole from other horizontal qiagwid master (= slave owner).
pole. Ill 24.10.
qlElala to carry child in arms, can- qla^la to watch, know.
nibal carries body in arms. qlaqlEmala towatch. Ill 34.27.
q'ELla six. Ill 60.1; R 182.27. qlagEmlil to wait. X 187.32.
q!a to find. R57.5. q laqa^wa a fish (Scorpaena Brasiliensis)
qiaxsid to lead. V 441.14. (AwikMenox", =t!ex'a Kwag'ul).
qiaqegila to know. C 6.14. q!aq!aqa^wa to fish for .
qIaqlELlEga to be tangled up in bushes. q!aq!aqle^ middle piece of salmon. R
C 390.29. 226.14.
q!aq!exsila to have much work to do. qSxqlElis kelp of beach. R 177.51.
R 252,22. q!axq!alis (New) (?). C 8.6.
q!al(a) to know, to learn. M 684.16; C q'.a^lad having kelp.
28.17. q!axw(a) to emerge. Ill 230.41.
qlalede famous. qlaxstEud to feed visitors, to retort. R
q!aq!ala to watch. R 177.58. 207.37.
q!aq!a to notice. C 296.24 (Kos). qlalaLEle spirit of LEWElaxa. Ill 450.7.
qIaLEla to know. R 200.7. (=renowned, known?).
qla-yanas woman who hates her hus- q!at(«id) to stink (meat). R 340.39.
band, or vice versA. C 76.31. qlalk" rotten meat, rotten salmon
qiayaxa to be surprised. (5ceq!e-much.) spawn.
q!ayax"ts!ala hand adz (=kicker?) q!a(la) to plait a rope. V 486.38.
q!ayax"stanal handle of liand adz. q'.alEyo pack strap. R 141.31.
qlayok" ripe. R 209.13. q!ay6q>'(?). q!ak(a) to feel pain; to regret a loss.
qlaboq" putrid remains of olachen. R Ill 341.1; C 48.20, 328.1.
299.58. q!e(nEm) many. Ill 257.15.
q!ap(a) to hit a mark. C 390.2; R 176.48. q layaxa to be surprised X 200.37.
q!ap!a(la) to gather. R 112.38. qla^yox expensive. C 84.28.
qIamaLEla uncle. C 314.4 (Kos). qleyoL to get much. C 12.25.
BOAS] VOCABXILABY 1429
q!e(nEm)—Continued. q!wax hemlock branches. Ill 18.4.
q!eq!ek'!es to eat much all the time. qlwax'as hemlock-tree. R 264.4.
R 269.5. qlwaxet to wash body with hem-
q!eq!ek!wala to lie. C 208.14. lock branches. Ill 61.40.
qleyot to talk. C 362.11. q!wax(a) to grow. R 189.10.
qIayaqEla to trouble oneself. Ill qlwaxEns spring (=growing sea-
54.38. son). R 149.2.
q!amx'ts!es6^ observed. X 151.40. q!waq!waxEm. R 194.2, qlwasqlE-
q!ep!en(e^sta) to tie around. R 76.57. XEla plants R 200.15.
q!e8(a) to pick currants. R 208.1. qlwaxsEmd to rub on surface,
qlesena Ribes bracteosus, Dougl- qlwalax'a to dross. Ill 62.8. {See
R 208.1. q!6x6d.)
q!edz(a) Salmo Clarkii Pleuriticus. qlwai^El^yo canoe strikes beach. C
q!aq!edzaa to catch . 270.12 (New).
q!e8(p!EX'^id) to get a moldy taste or q!wal(a) village is destroyed and people
smell. R 225.45. killed in war.
qledzaxbax'^idaas branching river. R q!wal(mEs) salmon berry bush. R 198.2.
119.16. qlwalsm salmon berry sprouts. R
qleg'aa unused part, more than it can 428.58.
hold. R 250.87. qlwalobEs soot; burnt clothing. R
q!eq(a) to purify. C 336.20 (Kos). 374.38.
qleqEla to purify. Ill 105.28. qlwalotslo to pound in. R 321.34.
q!ex(a) to gather driftwood. R 287.25. qlwaixo each. R 128.71.
qlexa^la driftwood. R 71.44. qhvak'Ela Sebastodes ciliatus. R
qlexotod to hang on top. 111422.19. 392.53.
q!el(-a) mosquito (Kos). qlwegasi to cry. Ill 285.11.
qla^ya^e middle (child). Ill 174.16. q!wet(a) to split bark. R 117.39.
q!6 water standing. 11162.34. q!wes(a) to squeeze. R 95.25.
q!6£s pond. Ill 62.34. q!wets!Ex6d to strangle (=to squeeze
qlolostala spring. neck). Ill 136.32.
qlwaatslEq snail. Ill 364.35 (qlwEa- qlwedzas grip (of paddle). R
ts!e) qlwatlEX. C 232.18 (Kos). 128.64.
q!wa(la) to stand, several. Ill 148.10. q!wequ(la) to wrap, twist. R 71.35.
qlwaeltEnd to drive in wedges. q !weq !weq !we petrel, Oceanodroma fur-
R 168.11. cata.
q!waq!waxts!ane^ fingers. R 57.9. q!wel(a) to break (basket), to crush. R
qlwag'ilEne^ twigs standing on up- 267.83.
per side of fallen tree. R 112.27. q!weL(a) to be silent. C 330.29.
q!waats!e wedge bag. R 60.3. qlweWd to stop speaking. C386.17.
qlwayo^s lower jaw. Ill 28.19. q!6ya to rub (like clothes). R 228.28.
qlwayotsia soft end of fern root. R q!up(a) to drop a crumb. Ill 37.6; R
195.22. 188.46.
q!waq(ila) to split salmon. R 239.5. q!6p(a) to cohabit. Ill 283.32.
q'waxse^ split salmon. R 240.10. q!op!ex'LEnd to put ends together.
q'.wagad having split salmon. R 112.21.
q!wap(a) to twist off, to tear off (cloth, q!um(ba) it is at an end. C 336.15 (Kos).
calico). q!oma(la) rich. Ill 36.8.
q!was(a) to wail, weep. C 14.6. q!6mas crab. C 382.28.
q!weq!wasa to beg. qlomala to wail. 111141.38.
q'.waklEne^ cedar twigs R 112.34. q!umt(a) to poke into ground. R 170.61.
qlwaqwa^la to turn black of smoke. R q!umx-(a) to roll off, like a rock slide.
133.8. Ill 196.37.
1430 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL lirrll. ANN. 35
qUidadzEq snail. Ill 231.34 (AwikMe- xlt(a) to raise head. Ill 17.6; to re-
nox"). move pressure; to attract. C 270.5.
q!6daq horned grebe (Colymbusaiiritus). xls(a) to disappear. R 224.20.
q!ut(a) scar. 111300.40. x'lsElil to disappear in house III
q!6t(a) to push off canoe, to poke. Ill 449.3.
396.12; R 367.1. x'Isaxod to take off roof. R 183.9.
q!6s- x"idzEX"a mouldy. R 225.44.
qlomas crab. C 382.28. xtnt(a) to buzz, whirr.
q!aq!6ts!a to try to catch crabs, xtndayu bull-roarer.
q'.usa to tie on. R 378.22 (?). xins(a) to grunt, breathe heavily
qludzEmk'Ind to tie with knot. R through nose. C 180.4.
176.33. X'indzas nose. R 102.14.
q!6sne« gills. R 242.20. x-lnk-(a) to repent. X 207.25.
q!6s(a) to offer for sale. C 84.16. x-ik- !(a) to take out of tongs. R 371.22
q!unam(efstala) to walk about. 0100.22. (x-lk-a?).
qlunala often. R 177.56. x-lqw(a) to stretch head out. 111306.22.
q!uns(a) to dig lupines. R 198.1. x-ll(a) ribs of halibut. R 243.32.
q!wa%e lupine. R 198.1. x'ilp(a) to turn around. Ill 65.8.
q!ukw(a) dull. Ill 332.43. xilt(a) to saw. R 109.8.
q!6qw(a) calm. R 99.45. x-ilk"-
q!6q!6yu fish bones. R 237.28. . x'tlx'ilklutlEqa to wriggle through.
qlwEqala bright light. C 66.33. R 177.55.
q!6q!waq6 flood stops rising. V 478.8. x'il(a) todry in wind, smoke, orsun. R
q!6q!o=na neck. R 174.22.
129.2.
qluxto to reach point. R 230.26. xaasx'Eutle Erythronium giganteum
qloxsawane Rumex occidentalis. S.
Lindl. R 197. i.
Wats.
x'atsla ebbtide. R 183.4.
q!6xts!6d to dress. Ill 15.10.
xakwayasde dried clams. Ill 157.10.
q!6x6d to undress. X 3.17.
q!6x"q!olis holes on sandy beach x'alxEnges Dodecaotheon paucifloruminto
which water runs (=xwak!waes). (Durand).
q'.ulplaltala spearsman sees salmon dis- x'axa (xaqa?) to blow on C 192.14
tinctly in clear water. R 182.24. (New).
qlul(a) to live. Ill 67.15. x-ify61ag-itEla(?). Ill 286.28.
q!ulaL(Ela) to hide. Ill 145.35. x'itEmg-iLEla to rub off (?). R 386.9.
q!ulex-8 self. R 180.39. x-itled to split (?). R 122.60.
qlulyaxa tree falls by itself. Ill xis(ala) to show teeth. C 28.13.
252.39. x'isiwe- wolf-head mask (= showing
qlule« uncle. Ill 140.32. teeth on forehead),
qlulek' !6t father's, mother's cousin, x'itslax ila to examine, look on.
qlules wife's brother. C 412.7. x-ik-(a) to strip off. R 256.17.
q!uledz6 R 240.16. xikw(a) belt (?). Ill 231.29.
qlulgila to finish (?). Ill 141.1. xiq(Ela) to be on fire. R 127.40.
q!uls(a) to rot, decay (wood). R 77.82. x'ixsEmala red-hot stones. R
qlulyak" old man. R 334.69.
105.31.
q!61(a) to boil with stones. R 172.15.
x'obe Charitonetta albicola female. C
qIaLEla to know. Ill 300.36; R102.il.
66.1.
q!ill(x-fid) to burn to ashes. Ill 92.7.
qlwalobEs R x'ox'upstala female of Oidemia De-soot. 256.20.
q!ul(a) to scratch. R 352.27. glandi.
x'opx'op owl, Megascopa ario Kcnni-
cottii.
x'im(a) to set a snare. C 36.19; to be- xoms head. C 366.17.
come entangled. R 177.63. x'6t(a) head of seal, porpoise.
X i^mayu snare. Ill 71.10. x'6s(ala) to be at rest III 7.4.
.
BOAS] VOCABULAKY 1431
x-6kw(a) to dig lily bulbs. R 203.43.
x'okum ' Fritillariii kamtchatkensis
R xEweq" head severed from body. RKar. 201.8.
102.3; skull. Ill 168.28.
xoxw(a) to be open. R 175.20. xEmomo backbone. R 428.6.
X'ox"psta^x" Charitonetta, female. C xEms- to make rattling noise. C
224.2.
XW 268.26.
XEmsEmek'in scallop shells. Ill
xwas(a) to get excited. 111205.11. 239.12.
xwayEnklwa to be attacked. X 185.6. XEms(a) to give in potlatch to head tribe
xwak"- canoe. R 771.80.
xwakluna canoe. R 95.37. XEmx-Eid to move, shift (?). R 100.49.
xwaxwagtim little canoe. R 94.2. xEmxfw(Jd) to chew. C 52.16.
xwakw(a) to croak. Ill 171.13. xEmok" brittle.
xwal- to put crosswise. XEtxEtIa ail umbelliferous plant, Cicuta.
xwaiayind to put crosswise on top. xEtEm carrot (?). R 200.1.
'
III 336.31. XES-
xwexwala to wrestle. X 82.6. XEtsEm box. R 63.65.
xwalaqe interlocking logs in front xEsela to make a box. R 63.65.
of house, xaxEdzEm a small box. C 60.5.
xulk" placed crosswise (name of xEs(a) to put down branches. R162.84.
place). XEtsIa unfinished (paddle). V 497.7.
xwem horizontal woof of fish basket (?); xen-
twining. R 135.14. xEnx'^id to undress. Ill 65.7.
xwet(a) a long thing sticks out. Ill xa^nala naked. C 342.34; a fish
143.26; to lift by the knees a person who (Catharichthys sordidus).
lies down and turn him back overhead xEnyas to startle. Ill 207.14.
(a game) ; lifting a mast at the end (a XELtlEga^l to snore. C 410.33.
game). xEnL(Bla) very. R 95.43.
xwes(a) to receive a marriage present. xEkM(a) to stay away, to perish. Ill
R 432.10. 33.7; to stay in form. R 104.48.
xwekw(a) to utter cannibal cry. Ill xEkmm pine bark. Ill 390.11.
'
181.34. xEx"mEs pine. Ill 120.15; R
xwegaxste top binding of cedar twig 229.14.
fish basket (xweqa ?). xaklumas III 257.39.
xweq(a,) to swing. Ill 19.11. XEx'una bark. C 250.27 (New).
xwel(a) backward, again, to turn over. XEgEm comb. C 386.2; R 126.12.
"
III 472.13. xEqw(a) to gather stones. Ill 341.34.
xwelaqa to pass back. R 02.55. xEqwe^ stones on fire. V 364.36.
xwaxwelek' !a wolf (=trjdng to turn xexEXstowak" eyes. R 349.23.
[throw] over on back [namely, a xeI-
deer]) xElx^id to strain. R 389.20.
xup(a) hole, hollow. R 167.26. XEl^yo strainer. C 316.19 (Kos).
xumt(a) to catch fire. Ill 228.4. XElosa to scoop up. R 378.9.
xut(a) water sinks. X 61.30. xElodzayu scoop net for sea eggs.
xu8(a) to whip, to strike with sticks. R 163.9.
' III 279.10; R 366.14. xElospIeq handle of scoop net for
xusEla fort. Ill 166.39. sea eggs. R 166.72.
xoxusde dried roasted salmon heads. XElxElpElilEla to scrape together.
' R 331.1. XElxElstaalax'^id to tear with teeth.
xOlp- hollow. X 20.35.
xiilboyala hollow in middle. R xilt(a) to saw.
70.15; 148.35. XElq!w(a) basin, dish. Ill 449.7.
xiils(a) to wither, shrivel up, to be XElxwala crooked knife. R 58.37.
downcast. Ill 43.-41; R 187.43. XEl«id to break (paddle). Ill 215.18.
1432 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lElII. ANN. 3J
xael wiie leaves husband and stays in xa to split wood. Ill 365.17.
other house, xwa^magiigeB to put mouth to corner
xaap! cradle. Ill 53.42. of bucket. R 401.31.
xaabEk" cradled, i. e., with flat- xwat(a) testicles.
tened head, xwat!(a) wren. Ill 96.22.
xa^yolisexta^ye east wind. 111112.24. xwasod to tear off. R 249.165.
xa^wa fur seal, xwanal(Ela) ready. R 143.13.
xa^we loon. Ill 221.1. (ha^non) xwak'Iano female salmon.
xap(a) to grasp. Ill 61.15. xwakw(a) to pour into. Ill 284.28.
xama- alone, orphan. xwaklwaes holes in quicksand into
xaxamala orphans, common people. which water runs.
C 86.16, 354.2. xwaL(a) to cut fish. Ill 198.2.
xamax'^id to be alone. Ill 35.43. xwaLayo fish knife. C 142.6.
xamagEme^ head chief. Ill 449.19. xwaxwe a dance. Ill 152.26.
xamax^id self. Ill 469.2; R 281.9. xwet(a) to stir. R 91.8.
xamax'tslana to eat with hands. xwe£l(a) quartz. Ill 111.20.
R 238.34. xwelo to spawn. R223.il.
xamak' ling'a^lil to cover over in house. XEwele^ legs of tongs. R 230.31.
Ill 57.25. x6maL(Ela) to quarrel. R 223.18.
XEms- dry salmon. xumde land otter. Ill 264.22.
xa^mas dry salmon. Ill 54.10; R xut(a) to cut. Ill 377.6.
315.1. xudayo knife. M 666.8.
xamsxas to eat dry salmon. xudege groove.
xa^ma(la) to stay overnight. Ill 195.16. x6t(a) to fish sea eggs with net.
xamagaaLEla not to go near (?). x6s(Ela) to sprinkle. M 684.5.
xama^stalis to be awake overnight. xilts seal blubber.
R 158.32. xudzeg'a sap. V 345.20.
xam(a}a) two things in close contact. xun(ak) to tremble. Ill 152.33.
xas(a) rotten (blanket, mat), boiled. R xunk"-
293.8. xunok" child. Ill 29.40.
xatslES fungus growing on trees. xungo^ stepchild.
xasbExu(la) to make noise. Ill 360.30. xungum daughter paid for service
xak-!adza backbone of fish. R 226.18. to shaman; to settle a feud by a
xaq bone. R 308.79. payment.
xaxtsia boiled to pieces (?). (Seexasa,.) xunklwala to promise daughter in
xalaes shell of shellfish. R 91.7. marriage. X 10.21.
xaMd to laugh aloud. xtik'!(a) crack in rock.
xaL!(aak'') a little. R 67.64. x6kw(a) to split. Ill 145.31.
xatekMEs to eat a little. C 224.17. xala to split. V 345.7.
xaL&la to touch each other. 111215.13. xok" split. R 63.80.
xeyap'.e twig in neck (?). Ill 362.31. xogum ear ornament. X 11.14.
xesm(a) to creep sitting (like an infant). xo^la mussels. R 181.2.
xemgils to move, stir. X4.21. xwexulexsEmak" rolled up. R 361.17.
xetod to take oft blanket. Ill 186.14. xolegwaqe name of ring in game kane.
xekw(a) to sweep. V 440.38. xolos a mythical bird ( = q616s kwag'ul).
xegwayo broom (eagle's wing). V C 370.12 (Gwas).
440.35. xWos a kind of salmon weir. R161.G1.
xexexe talkative geese. C 356.22. xult(a) to mark. R 65.10.
xeL(a) fish nibbles. xuldzos a fish (Hexagrammus octogram.
xeLEla to shout "O!" mus).
xelxsLa C 178.26, 32. xalke groove. V 369.26.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1433
xulqwa rough. Ill 359.11. la—Continued.
xulgwis shark, lag'aa to reach. R 131.9.
xulgum dogfish, lak'lESEla to eat. C 2.50.2 (New).
xulqumax'ea Lama cornubica. lelakMEdze provisions. Ill
xola entangled. 191.19.
xolexwala confused, matted. Ill laklEnd one hundred. R 232.8.
107.24. lax to.
xoxulk'ltmot (xoik-) clamshells. R lalaqa to penetrate. R 95.27.
148.41. lalala to meet. R 405.2.
loL to obtain. R 232.8.
1
lE^wa sky. la now.
lEwiJlxw(a) be contorted. C 330.14 laes mussel. Ill 94.32.to
(Kos). lalapEla to be scared. Ill 449.25.
lEmxw(a) dry. R 181.59. £lapa to dig. R 73.88.
lEmx''dEma drying rack. R 296.77. Iak!ine dreaded,
lEmxeqEnd to clap gunwale. C 4.23. ^lagwala to wail, to sliout. Ill 47.18;
lEs(a) to strike with a round thing, with to call. Ill 264.26.
a stone. R 299.60; to crush. R 94.21. lax'mo% piled up on ground. Ill 454.1.
lEg'ol visitor (New). laqIwadEk" bundle. Ill 54.11.
lEk"(a) to hammer, to throw stones. laxla^x" yellow-beaked cormorant (Pha-
Ill 161.3; R 271.54; to put stones (a lacrocorax pelagicus resplendens).
game). X 170.32; to batter stone. liilaLas (?) C 14.20.
lEk-Iaa stone. 0382.21 (Kos, New). lep(a) to gamble. C 234.14.
lEkw(a) weak. led(a) ceremonial III 84.5.
lEklwala to speak with faint voice. let(a) to uncover. R 246.89.
C 150.5. lexlEkMis a plant, echo (?). Ill 290.21.
IskumqlEs to wonder. X 10.6. lex-(a) only. R 96.57.
lEgosa k'EXElaga (crow's strawberry) lex-(a) to roll, turn over. R 292.2.
Gonnania oregana (Nutt.) Britton. leneg'e^ having a round back. R
lEq(a) to put down soft things. Ill 168.27 (lex--eg--e£).
354.16; R 429.19; to make berry cakes. lex-set fish basket. Ill 27.16.
R 279.87. lex(a) wide open. Ill 125.8; R 57.15.
lEgaplala coot, male (=splash on lexod to pull wedge or drill out of a
nape of neck) Oidemia perspicil- hole. R 77.67.
lata. leElwalaas to stop. C 22.29.
lEgEm a plant placed as a poultice le^lot crew. R 97.78.
on swellings. lelqwalaLe^ tribe. R 58.24. (ScelEqwa.)
lEx(«ed) to batter a stone. C 382.21 las. R 242.5.
(Gwas.) lExa. 16p(a) empty. Ill 311.3.
lEqw(a) Ill 459.12; R lopoLfuel. to get nothing.fire. 357.5.
lequla camp. 16t(!ed) to uncover. R 336.36.to
camp 16s(a) to uncover. R 240.19.lEx''dEms site. Ill 448.17,
loqw(a) to fish halibut. R 247.18.
lelqwalaLe^ tribe. Ill 12.10.
logwayo fishline. V 478.17.
lBq!(a) to stick on (as crystal on rock). logwana^ye fishline. R 122.52.
lEx«wid to be tired. C 236.6 (New). laq hemlock sap. Ill 217.32.
lExe« basket made of spruce root. R laxmEs hemlock tree. Ill 257.39.
72.61. loqlwas hemlock sap (Kos).
Ibxo to cough. Ill 352.26. lox^meqa cloyed. R 308.71.
la to go. }oxw(a) to roll. 11119.12.
lElga to mix. R 279.77. loElxsEm ball. R 156.29.
laei to enter stra^. R 241.1. lolasala patches.
lawa to come off. R 57.8. 161(a) ghosts visit a village.
lawamaa to remove. R 223.9. lanenox" ghost III 106.1.
. .
1434 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ANN. 35
1 lEX(a) to put down (roots, grass). R
74.17, 73.94.
lEwums to rise in throat. R 290.21. lExala bundle.
)Em(ala) canoe at anchor, sea otter lEfl(a) dead. R 174.21.
asleep on water. lE^lEmg-it!ed togotnumb. R 199.39.
iEmyo rope. C 332.4 (=dEnEm Kwag) lElE^lk'lina to faint. C 52.2.
(Kos). lE^lwiqEla to be anxious. C 134.12:
lEmplEx'^id to overcome bitter taste. X57.5.
iEmyahx noise of sipping. laaq(a) to shake off from a mat or
lEmdElta slippery. E 355.18. blanket. R 264.13.
lE^me^latsle sacred room of .novice. Ill lelaanx-^id to become mysterious. C
86.20. 467.
lEt(a) to catch herrings with rake. V lawis angry, fearless. X 57.11.
324.27. la^maxsdEud to become inaudible C
tEtlEdes branch of river. X 32.30. 268.4 (New).
lEn- to miss. la^magek'ila fourth ring in hoop
tEne^sta to forget. Ill 25.3. game.
lEng lis to lose way. Ill 163.22. lat!(a) to split boards. Ill 182.8: R
lEndzod to scatter roots on flat 96.57.
(mat). R 187.39. laaq(a) to overturn. M 669.8.
lEnEm salal bushes. R 206.22. laqanuk overhanging.
lenokula salal bushes. R 210.21. lax-ts!e«mala to be not near enough to
lEn^wum bird cherry bark. R 157.5. see distinctly,
lEnbEL!Ex6= wrinkled mouth. V 478.4. lax" to love.
lEnt(a) to blow nose. Ill 354.16. laxilla to love. Ill 120.21; C 58.12;
lEndEqwe mucus of nose. valuable. R 370.35.
lEnt(a) pliable, soft and tough. R la^wunEm husljand.
355.13, 260.6. laxumala difficult. C 36.19.
iBns(a) to-morrow. Ill 21.14; next lalaxwila to be in trouble, need,
day. R 246.87. 68.5; 111259.39.
lEns^will yesterday. lax(a) to itch,
lEug-aa to long. Ill 23.12. lalklu mallard duck. Anas boschas.
lEnx(a) green. R 285.81. Ill 95.38.
lEnlEnx'Eu brass. Ill 449.6. lak'(a) canoe breaks.
lEklEqiEtEn a small sea animal. leElx'En round. R 88.46.
tEkw(a) to gather Polypodium glycor- les(a) fair (light complexion). X
rhiza. D. Eaton. 197.24.
lEkwae^ Polypodium glycorrhiza. lesEla to find (7). X 87.37.
D.C.Eaton; hesperium Mason lenEm to rob, take away. Ill 299.29.
lEkw(a) to pull off (branch), to lift. R leuEraapIa to quarrel. X 113.5
264.4, 314.13. (=to take away from one another),
lEk!wise bow. C 384.25. le^noqwa rough. R 63.79.
lEklwitslEm bowstring. Ill 138.19. lenotiwala beating (?). R 134.31.
lEk'.utala tight. R361.il. (.9«lak"-.) lale^wata to play with dolls. 11145.11.
lBk° - lex"- mat.
lEgudzo^we meatboard. 11143.32. le^we^ mat. Ill 24.3, leElwe^ pi.
lEklwane^ old woman. C 386.5; laEl- R 191.53.
klwaneE. pi, R 195.28. lexwila to make a mat. R 126.16.
lEq(a) to gather seaweed. R 185.14. le^wa^yasa tsla^we water lily (Nym-
lEqiEstEn seaweed. R 185.15. phaea polysepala) (= beavers'
lEqw(a) brains. 11148.27; R 248.41. mat)
}Exw(a) toeatsea eggs. C 246.6 (New). lelEgwege^ outer layer of bark. (lEk"-
lE^wa sea egg. C 244.28. eg-a strong back (?). R 124.93.
lEx«ulxMd to feel about. R 224.26. tavEnx autumn. R 216.2.
.
BOAS] VOCABULAEY 1435
(laklwemas strength. R 285.89). LEq(a) soaked. Ill 121.19.
i6waL(a) to leave. Ill 101.20. LEqela to do something against one's
}6t(a) to cohabit. C 180.2. will.
iakw(a) strong. R 168.15. LEqiEms old leaves or berries, when
ioqiwe dish. R 57.2. dropping off. R 518.27.
Joqulil house dish. C 300.15. LEqiExole Distegia (Lonicera) involu-
loqlubano brisket. R 428.2. crata (Richards & Cockwell).
}6xw(a) to turn head away. 111154.22. LEqiExsde flat-bottomed. R 1.34.3.
16x(ts!ala) to be in . R 424.48. LEx^wid to apply hand, to rub. X
224.18.
LEx(ts!od) to put in. R 257.38 (or
R LOX" ?).LEp(a) to spread. 94.2; second pot-
LEleyiya to capsize. M 719.1.
latch.
LEbEm LElg'ila to bother.spreader; tongs for holding
LEl(x-fid) to scoop out. R 235.27.
board.
LEl(ala) to carry canoe up or down the
LEp'.etsa^ hide armor.
beach. Ill 466.35; R 174.5.
LEmx"- perch.
R LElgwa«l^id to wail. C 140.8.LEmo, LEmwe^ perch. 183.1.
R Laabits'.o small, dangerous place. CLEmx"Lax" to eat perch. 412.56.
336.22 (Kos).
LEms(a) to turn away for shame. Ill
Lawayala to survive. C 22.6.
448.2.
Lap(a) to hesitate (on account of danger)
LEmk-(a) to split wood. Ill 263.8.
LEmgayu R Las(a) to push a long or flat thing. Illwedge. 61.20.
19.5; R 306.40.
LEmq(a) proud. C 416.13.
Lastod to drive in a peg.
by R 302.51.LEml(a) to break pressure from in-
LasLlExdzo tough. R 292.3.
side. Ill 197.17.
Laq(a) rancid.
LEt(a) to flop, to be stretched out. Ill
Laq(a) wet through.
347.20.
R Laqwa, LaxdEn width of flat hand.LEtEml Vhat. 206.17 (=stretch-
287.24.
ing over facel.
Laqw(a) to press, to push away. R 279.85
LEtewe^ eye shade (=stretching on X 171.30.
forehead).
Lax-(a) to louse. Ill 120.32.
LEsala to skip on water. Ill 348.27.
Laxabalis long roots of cinquefoil, which
LEtsa hole drilled in slanting direc-
lie under short roots. R 189.9.
tion.
Laxumala much
LEnak'asde never blunted. C (?).218.13.
LaxdzEm taken aboard. C 302.34 (Kos).
(New.)
La^ledzas place where canoe is. C 310.8
LEn^y(a) to sjilit wood through center of
(Kos).
tree.
Lalegwig'a to refuse. Ill 114.12.
LEnqw(a) to break up (fish). R400.60.
R LOElgwatLEnqala disagreeing. C 14.24.to stand on. 145.24.
LELEdzEnwe^ a pin. Ill
LEnq!w(a) 231.27.rotten (wood). Ill 99.19.
LEnlxo lanexala slanting. R 90.93.to push boards together end to
Lewanala to make turmoil. M 707.1.
end. C 24.16.
R Les(Ela) to find dead animals. C 8.15,LEg'ik" harpoon point. 175.21. {See 26.17.
LEg'lk".)
Les(a) to put up. Ill 264..33; R 126.30.
LEgEk" marten. Ill 70.12. tekustod a piece of salmon for decoy
LEgEldzes oily beach. for dogfish.
LEq(a) to fish with fish biisket. R Leq(a) to chop out, to make canoe. V
409.26. 324.2.
LEgEm round fish basket. R 403.2. Leqlenox" canoe builder. V 324.1;
LEq(a) ' to slap. R 432.75. R94.2.
1436 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL Imll. ANN. 30
LeguLela stiff. V 478.6. LatEn a plant. {See also mEg'is.)
Leqw(a) to miss (not to hit). Ill 71.23; Lanut wedge." X 202.24.
to move (village). C 322.24 (Kos). Lax"- to stand smg.
Legultod to make mistake, to dis- Lawayu salmon weir. Ill 26.40;
obey. C 66.30. R 183.1. Loyu (Kos).
Leqwaxa to split down (a salmon). i.awats!e box. R 283.36.
R 227.1. Lap!eq mast. R 99.39.
Lex^ed to beat time. Ill 106.21. LasgEmd to steer. C 352.18.
LexEm baton. C 318.10 (Kos). Laxwa steep.
Lelx-^d to land. 111466.34. Lax^wa^la to kneel. Ill 8.5.
Lel(Ela) to invite. C 26.23. Lax^wid to rise. Ill 27.34.
Lelklwala to tell a lie. 11137.28. Laxwe^ rank (=standing).
Laya^Ul shelf in house. X 55.37. Lax"sdala stone ax. C 310.5. (Kos);
Loma very. R 61.37. tomcod (Microgadus).
L6x"(fstEnd) to put roots (into water). Lala to stand upright. R 173.12.
R 109.29 (lex"- ?). Las R 153.20; pi. LaxLo^s tree.
Lolaxod to put between. R 287.31. C 142.17; pi. LaxLa^s. C 324.28
(Kos).
Laga^ye dorsal fin (=standing on
l6£ and. R 59.56; 111 29.42. back).
LE^wa clam digging. X 87.32.III 15.9. Laxwat!a to go
LEWulgame^ prince, chief's eldest son. Lewula oil tried out. R 94.16.
Ill 7.2; Sebastodes serrieps (=prince LesLena mosquito. R 206.14.
red cod). i,eko to borrow at low rate of interest.of
LEWElaxa a ceremonial. Ill 226.28, Ill 53.1.
'
448.11. Lekomas to lend. Ill 208.38.
LEma scab. C 38.16. Leq(Ela) to name. R 149.23.
LEms(^id) to scratch. C 54.4. LegEm name. R 60.78.
LEtalalai head ashore! C 64.4. Lex8«(ala) to advise. C 8.14.
LEnex'^id to bar (door). Ill 35.31. Leqese III 151.22.
LBnL(a) to peck. Ill 158.36. Layala battle-ax.
LaLanail woodpecker. C 190.8. Labala to touch. R 261.36.
LEgEk" barbed harpoon point. V 501.13 Lala sweetheart. Ill 23.13.
(or LEgEk" LeLEL§,la relatives. R 269.10.?).
LEk'(a) to gather cinquefoil. Lo^ and.
LExsEm Argentina occidentalis. LE^wa (before definite nouns).
Rydb. L6gw(e^) treasure, supernatural power.
LEgEdzo cinquefoil garden. R LOgwala to acquire supernatural
186.8. power. Ill 78.2.
LEk" thick. R 250.183. LEsLEk'pZ. Ill LMe nephew. Ill 474.30.
27.15. LO-lega niece. Ill 85.21.
LEX'Exs canoe thwart. V 501.22.
LExixsa to whistle. Ill 471.21.
LEx(a) to start in canoe. Ill 112.32. lIeweIs elk. Ill 31.16.
i,Ex(a) to have pungent smell. l!ew& beautifiU! C 70.14; III 449.23.
LEX^w(id) to insert finger into vagina. L!Ep(a) to climb a smooth pole. Ill
Ill 97.1. 386.24.
Lawik" eaten entirely. Ill 217.7. LlEbas implement for moulding. R
Lap(a) to peg. R 77.84. 103.40.
LabEm peg. Ill 79.13. LlEma^is beach. R 72.60.
Lam post of house. R 107.18. LlEmaklube^ breastbone. Ill 175.18.
Lame^sta to hang head. Ill 16.3. LlEmaxula.
LatlEXLe^ stern seat of canoe. V 349. L!Ems(a) to emit sparks. Ill 288.22.
BOAS] VOCABUIiAEY 1437
L!Emkw(a) to play with thro^ving sticks. LlExwa^na. C 380.23 (Gwas).
Ill 105.1. L!El(ts!a^lil) to push person (into room).
LlEnigwayu sticks for game. Ill Ill 239.19,
105.2. LlEUnakula whale is blowing. X 193.34
LlEmg'iu saw-bill duck, female (Mer- (New).
ganser serrator). C 380.9. LlElewa to forget. Ill 110.15.
LlEmqIa yew tree. V 324.2. L!ElgEmx-«id toleaveoff. Ill 173.36.
L!Emxw(a) stiff, hard, brittle. Ill LlEla brittle. R 122.54.
449.32; R 153.19. lIeUo stye.
L!Eml(a) to lose voice. R 342.17. Llaaso person sees sacred apparition in
LlEda oh, how nice! Ill 450.6. woods.
L!Et(a) to make love, seduce. Ill LlaaLle buflle head, male (Charitonetta
325.11. albeola). C 174.4.
LlatEne to make love. C 216.18; Llae black bear. R 124.87.
X 3.7. Llaya monstrous!
L'.Eta^yas Limnorchisstricta{Lindl.) L'aya side (?). Ill 208.28.
Rydb., • borealis (Cham.) Rydb. L!aL!a^yats!e twins. Ill 322.13.
Llaqwa LlEta'yas Corallorhiza Mer- L!ayak'a thin.
tensiana Boug, L!ay6 to exchange. Ill 77.41.
LlEsala spearsman cannot see salmon Lia^wEnta to give. C 360.8.
distinctly. Llabat b.asket made of cedar bark. Ill
LlEnx-^id to stick on. Ill 37.7. 114.35; R 130.37.
LlEnk'- branch. L!ap(sta) to dip into water. C 190,24
LlEnx'^Ene^ having branches. R (New),
120.18. LladEm hair oil. C 392.5,
LlEnak' branch. R 151.25. Lias- outside, seaward, direction in
L!Eneqw(a) lightning. Ill 112.10. house towards fire.
L!Enk'(a) tight, tense; after-taste. L!asak" seaside. R 130,26,
L!Enq(a) to punch. R 375.52; to prick, L!asana^ye place in front of house,
to push. R 177.51. R 124.98.
LlEnqala to support. R 102.18. L!asagwis beach. C 326,6 (Kos),
LlEnxad owuerof crab apples. C 212.14 L!ase whale blubber, C 258,28 (New),
(New). LJadza.xs urethra (New),
L!Ekw(a) to gather seaweeds. R, 88.41. L!akEmala heaping full, R 272,58
LlESLlEk" seaweed. Ill 282.1. (L!ak'Emala),
LlESLlEklus Peltigera canina mem- L!ak'!6s crosspiece of set of halibut
branacea, love charm (=seaweed hooks. V 479,13.
of ground). L!agwats!a. R 292.29.
LlEkumala helamaa Scorpaena grandi- L!akwa measure from thumb to tip of
cornis. bent first finger, from elbow of one arm
L!Eqw(a) to break off branches. R439.6. to tip of fingers of other.
LlExe semen. X 177.16. LJaklwa Gasilurus aculeatus,
l!ex- to char. R524.il. L!aq(a) to stretch a line, to fish black
L!Ex'(a) to roast fern root. Ill 138.2; cod. Ill 359,2,
R 343.38. LJaqawasLalamas to make a pyre III
L!Exw(a) to eat after a journey. R 97,26,
166.1. L!aqw(a) red. R 422,9,
L'.EX^ala to stop crying. C 16.31. L!aqwa copper,
LlaLEXEnwe^ side stick. R 169.50. LlagEk" red cedar bark,
LlExbEtEnd (LlEnx- ?) to push into. R L!aLlEq!uxLa Cornus stolonifera
121,24. Michx,
1438 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL, IeTH. ANN. 3S
Llax'em spoon. Ill 347.8 (Kos). L!exs(a) to scatter (fire). Ill 336.41.
Llax^wa^la to kneel on rock. Ill 8.5. LlasEla to make love, seduce. Ill
L!ax(a) stiff (twigs, etc.). R 355.13. 287.34; C 160.14.
LlaLlaxam a small bag. C 142.10. LlaxmEs large alder tree.
L!al(a) to spout. Ill 125.24. Llobane cormorant (Phalacrocorax pela-
LlasmEs alder tree. R 273.81. gicus robustus). Ill 291.24.
L!ak" mixed with oil. R 291.1. LlobElxa dead cedar.
L!ekw(a) to pick chokecherries. R 218.6. Llopde mucus of vagina. X 177.16.
Lliiklum chokecherry. R 218.6. Llopa toroast. Ill 21.7; ripe III 298.41;
LleplEqala to be turned inside out. R R 218.2.
406.32. LloLlEpIemas berries. C 384.9
L!es(a) skin. Ill 261.26. (Gwas).
L!es(a) to shine. Ill 112.27jtoheat. R Llopsayo tongs. C 380.30.
94.11. L!6L!6p!Enx season when berries are
L'.esala hot. M 671.5. ripe. R 211.2.
LlesEla sun. M 665.4; R 94.11. Llopaes low water. C 244.20 (New).
Llesila to hate. Ill 425.40. LloLlEbas^id to cut holes. R 440.19.
L!esila blind in one eye. LlopiEk- root. Ill 78.10.
Llesdaq snow goose (Chen hyperborea). L!6t(a) to bend outward. R 406.17.
Ill 356.22. LlotlEm war canoe (DzawadEenox").
Lle-'na olachenoil. Ill 101.36; R92.3.7. Llos^nakElis to turn up ends. Ill
L!eq- never blunted. Ill 333.23. 266.35.
L!eq!(a) clay. R 190.35. L!6kw(a) to tear up, scrape hides. C
L!ex'(a) to break up. X 163.23; (a 102.4.
house, a hill). Lloklula to peel bark. R 126.22.
Llex'sta totumbleinto water (seals). R L!6qw(a) bare.
178.86. LloxsEm red cod (Sebastodes caurinus).
L!ex(a) yellow. l!6x" ice; to freeze (congeal). C IG.l;
Llex^En sea lion (=yellow body). R 431.61.
Ill 81.16. lIoxlIox oyster.
Llexa morning sky. 111385.30. LlolEla to scold. 111105.23.
!
ENGLISH-KWAKIUTL
a angry lawis.
ankle qaalqoxsidze^.
abalone gwaletsla. ant kladzalatsle.
abalone ear ornament. esEtslaak". anus mEng'as.
above ek' appear, to qwaxwa pi.
acquire easily, to hoi-. appease, to yala.
add, to g'ina, g-inwa. apply hand to something, to LEqwa.
added on to a measure esEg'iwe^. approach, to gwasa.
adherents of one chief apsekMis. {See apron tsap.
a,p8-.) armpit dEmga^las.
admonish, to hamElqlala. arrow, bird- qo^logwayo.
advise, to Lexs=ala. arrow lianaLlEm. (See hanLa.)
adze, to k!imL-. as you say! yixstloL.
sop-. ascend, to wilg'ustala.
with long-handled adz qEns^Td. ashamed max"ts-.
adz, hand qlayax^tslala. ash^s guna.
adz for fine chiseling tslayo (Kos). ask, to (to question) wuLa.
adzing, fine ayag'Ek". some one to do a thing (to request)
afraid, to be kil-. g-ag-ona.
after taste LlEnka. in marriage ga^yala.
again et-. assemble, to name^yastod.
xwel. asthma yaLlopEla.
agree, to SEx''ts!a. (See industrious), to astray, to go pesEla.
be willing, inclined. attack, to, to be attacked xwayEnklwa.
hanenax"(?) attendant Elk".
ex'^ak'a. aunt anes.
aim, to nox"-, n4. mother and aunts ebEmp. (iSeeab-.)
albatross baLa. autumn layEnx, Lainx.
alder gunep. avaricious awElqlas.
alder, big LlaxmEs. await, to t!at!ala.
big gwagwaxmEs. awake, to tslEX'^id.
young LlasmEs. awaken, to gwex'^d.
all ^naxwa. by crying, qunqlag'a^lnok".
«wi«l-. (away in canoe?) gwalExs.
almost halsEla. awry k!wex"8Emal.
Elaq. ax, battle- Layala.
aloud hasEla.
although wax'.
always hemEnala. back xwel-.
ancestors wi^womp. (See aw-.) back canoe, to k'lEX'^alis.
anchor qlEldzEm. backbone of fish XEmomo.
anchor, to qlEls-, qlElstsnd. xaklEdza.
anchored qlElsala. salmon q!6q!ily6.
canoe at anchor Ismwala back rest tsaqlExe^.
anchor line dsmwayS. backward, to go k!a.
qlEldzaana. bad yak-.
and l6«. bad luck aams.
qa. bad taste q!e8(p!a)-.
1439
.
1440 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL lETH. ANN. 3b
halt tel-. beaver tsla^we.
bake, to kunsa. face qlau^loma. name of a cop-
ball lalox^Em. per, (Heildza^q").
balsam fir mot-, bedcover mEma, mame.
bar, to LEiiex-«id. beg, to es-
bark tsaxEne^. getsla.
tslaq. for remains of food wrnvaq!aa5ya.
of pine xfiklum. hawaxEla.
of red pine mawae^. begging dance hiixula!.
of bird cherry. lEn^wum. Bellacoola Bslxula.
bark, to (dog) wokwa. believe, to oqlus-.
bark box La^watsa. belly tEk!a.
barnacle qlanEs (Chiton). below bEn-.
tslomax' (AwikMGnox"). belt x-ik"-.
small tslotsloma. wusegano.
wasale. bent wak-.
kiwetaa. to bend head sideways hamk"-.
bashful bEnsa. bent hanqwalaene^.
basin, dish XElq'.wa. bend, to te^(nakula).
basket of cedar bark. Llabat. back tleqala.
cedar twigs and spruce roots. dzoxwa, dzox^wid.
lExe^. tslExa (tough?).
for dentalia gunxatsle. koqwa.
large one for berrying, carried on head gEmxwa.
back nage. gElexwa.
small one tor berrying, carried on gwanaqa.
chest nanaagEme. outward L!6ta.
low sided kutala. berry, a Llegwa.
coiled pEko. qotlxole.
bat baqlulawe. {See bEq!"-.) qEklaale.
batter a stone, to lEka, lExa. -cake tiEqa.
battle xomal-. lEqa.
battledoor and shuttlecock klumala. in long strips heyadzo.
be, to ax- to make lEqa.
ya-. best £nalEnx(?).
gi-> g'a-. beware! gEnla (Kos).
a hollow thing upright h&a-. bewitch, to eq-.
a round thing ^mEk"-. bile tEx^mas.
hollow things upright mex-. binding, top - of fish basket xwegaxste.
round things t!aq. bird t«!ek!wa.
k-!a. a tEg'ek'ila.
pi. mEq"-. • tiEnx.
on water tlewiila. a mythical qolos.
long thing kat-. birth, to give- qElxod (Kos, N«w).
beach LlEma^is. mayuLa.
of broken shells qlfibeletslEgwis. bite, to mux^wid (New).
beam klaxdEm. tEmkwa.
bear (black) L!ae«. q'Eka.
(grizzly) nan. bitter mala,
g-lla. black tsopa.
beat time, to Lexa. ts!61a.
tlEmsa. blackish tsloleqa.
beating? l.enoqwala. {See rough.) blackened q Iwaxe^
beautifull lIbw^, LlEda. bladder poxuns.
litJAs] VOCABULARY 1441
bladder at end of kt-lp penpEiisbe-. brant goose Emaxo.
of porpoise texatsle. brave weqwa.
blanket ^iiEx^une^. wayade.
wool plElplElasgEiii. Lloqwa.
klutaat (New). breachcloth, man's tagwaqe.
blind p!Ep!as. breadth {see size) ^wa, awa.
on one eye Llesila. break rope, to at-.
block for hoisting hamxhamk' !a. off leaves plokwa.
blood Elkwa. dish, shells, bone tEpa.
to bloom qwasamak'a. out teeth tsomos-.
blossom gegulBto.' a canoe, a box breaks tsokwa.
blow, to kux"-. sea eggs tsotsox'sEnd.
poxwa. copper or stick koqwa.
off by steam tEk'oyo. with hands k!upa.
on x"axeL. off leaves kusala.
(whale) lIeI^. basket qlwela.
klxwa. paddle XEl^id.
blow, to yala. by weight of body LEmla
nose lEnta. salmon leux^wM.
blubber of whale Llase. off branches LlEqwa.
k'leyot. walls of house L!ex'a.
blubber xuts. wind waogwa^la (New).
blue jay kuskus, kwaskuas. xweLlEg'a-1.
blunted, never Lleqa. break fast, to.
board lat-. before going out heyasEla.
short ts!ats!ax''sEni. breastbone LlEmakMaba^ye.
dancing- yllx^dzayu. breathe, to hasEla.
body of man bak'awe^. breathe through nose, to x'tnsa.
boil, a amte^. bring, to taod.
boil, to niEdElqwa. brittle tsosa.
with stones q!61. tsolexa.
elderberries dzeka. XEmok".
bone xaq. LEmxwa.
borrow, to Leko. LlEla, LlEla (wood).
both sides wax's, broad (see size) ^wa, awa.
bother, to LElg'ila. 29 D. broken (paddle) qlEkwas.
bother! O wunwunx'isa. brother wEqlwa.
bow iEklwise. elder ^nola.
bowstring laklwItslEm. younger tsla^ya.
box XES-, xatsEm. wife's brother qlules.
to make weI-. brown (hair) kixwa.
bark Lawatsle. browned by lire kulx-wld.
high k'limyaxLa. bud, to bolex^wid.
gildas. tEmx-
bracelet, silver dadsleg'a. bullhead plEnqlala.
braid, to (hair) gagElxLala, klo^ma.
braid, selvedge of basketry malaq-. bull-roarer xlndayu.
brains lEqwa. bundle, to make a- mats lap-.
branch lIeux-, LlEnak'. laqIwadEk".
largest LlEmaxula. lExaia.
of river IstlEdes. burn, to kluml-.
branching q!ets!axba (= many long X'iq-.
ends). to ashes qlulx'^id.
75052—21—35 etii—pt 2 42
.
1442 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL I i-rni. ANX. 35
burst, to (berries) kiwuk'a. carry an empty dish, a clamshell kala
yimta. wood in arms pressed against chest
quka. klpEla.
bury, to dEk'a. in hands kloq"-.
wunEmta. wood or blanket in arms pressed
• Elmai-ed. against chest gEmxa.
bush, a L'.EqlExoleEms. • fish on fingers gasx-Ex'^id.
butcher goat, to qwax^kl. gax"sala.
buy, to kilxwa. a line around something galop-.
buzz hamxhamkla. a child in arms; cannibal dancer
buzz, whirr, to xinda. carrying corpse in arms qlElala.
canoe i.Elx'^id, LEliElbEnd, Lala-
LElod.
call, to ^laqlug'a^l.
carve wood, to k!e.
calm, to yata. meat sakwa.
calm q'.oq, q!ox"-.
cascade klamadzena.
k'.Ema.
catch halibut, to guyoL-.
camas motlExsde.
herrings lEta, LEta (?).
camp, to lax"-.
squid nesa (=to pull out).
cane sekMagano.
catch olachen in dip net, to yiiis.
seklaqEla.
catfish dzenomaga.
cannibal tanis (Heildza^q").
oil dzeklwis.
hamatsla.
caulk, to mega,
canoe xwak"-.
cease, to, pain omata.
tlfigun.
cedar welk".
ga^la.
young dzESEk".
war- yInasEla.
war- mEnga. dead LlobElxa.
war- L!6t!Em (DzawadEenox"). yellow dEwex.
goes without paddling k' !eqa. cpdar-bark dEns-.
cape wax"s6, wax"-. twigs q!wak!Ene^?
capsize, to LEleyiya. leaves ts!ap!ax.
carbuncle, boil amte^. withes tEXEm.
careful wusdala (Kos). wood klwaxLawe.
ekaekila. basket, embroidered dEmxsEm.
carry on shoulder, —a twigs dEwex.to stiff, long ob-
ject yilk"-. -bark, yellow dex".
a stiff, long object, excepting ca- wood, yellow dsyo.
noes wek'-. -bark blanket, yellow k!6bax"-.
on back, basket, meat, roots, cedar ceremony, a LEwolaxa.
bark, bundles oxl-. kwexala.
a child or an adult person ham- xwaxwe.
tEla. tsletsleqa.
in fold or corner of blanket hinti- ^ aniElk".
(Ela). chafe through, to, (rope) gwatsa.
property maox^wid. change, to Lex^wid.
food home from feast motEla. ^mEx"-.
many things on shoulder mala. in size quickly halaka.
da charcoal dzEgute.
a basket hanging on back, another charge of gun k' !ats!a.
one on chest, for berrying tetEk- charm, a q!eqale^.
wasEla. chest of seal, sealion haqiwayu. (See
round thing on shoulder t!rx'-. haqwala.)
fish strung on a line nii-. chew, to XEmx^wid.
boas] VOCABULARY 1443
chow, to malekwa. cohabit, to LaLabala.
chickadee tslotsaga. L'osEla.
chief g'igame^. qEx^wid (New).
xamagEme. coil up, to qlElx".
adherents of one ipsekMis. {See qEsa.
ap3-.) cold wuda-
cliieftainess o^nia. collapse, to qEkwa.
modzH. collarbone of porpoise hinasxo^.
child (young individual) g'inl-. comb hair, to xap (!enox").
youngest ama'inxe^. (See Sma.) comb xEgEm.
fifth ama-yatse. {See ima.) come, to . gax.
of a person xunok". come! gela.
children of one couple sasEm. come back, to hala.
chisel qlEldayu. in sight tekulod, tex"-.
Chiton kMEnot. common people bEk"-.
choke, to mEkwa. concave side of branch LlEmwege.
chokecherry Llakluni. condition ^walataas.
qot'.ale. confused xolexwala.
chop with adz, to sopa. consider, to gwanala.
tEmkwa, tlemkwa. contact, two things in close xamala.
cinquefoil LEk"-. continue, to ha^na.
-roots Laxabalis. convince one's self, to- awElplaito. (See
circle kllxa. awEl-.)
clam gaweqIanEm.
cook, to L'.op-.
dried x'akwayasde.
huckleberries dzeka.
k'!6mats!a.
fern roots LlEna.
-shell xoxulk' !imot.
cool off, to k'ox"-.
clap together, to qEmkwa, qJErnkwa.
cool xoxupstala.
claws of bear, cat gats'.Em. (?)
coot, male lEgEplala.
clay Lleqia.
copper Llaqwa.
clean berries, to k'imta.
smell k'lElplala.
cliff kMekMesLEU.
climb, core gogulg'e^.a tree, to hixwa.
climb a smooth pole, to LlEpa. cormorant Llobane^.
yellow beaked laxla^x".
clitoris k'lodage.
close door, to imxstox^wid. (See am.) corn on toe gatsetsE^ya (= eye of foot).
closed up am-. cough, to Iexo.
clothing gwelgwiila. count on fingers, to gElx"-
cloud anwe^. hosa.
cloudy anqiila. mats or blankets k'lEqa.
clover tiEq"-. cover yikfiye^; imk-Eye^. (See Am-.)
cloyed hVlasa. cover, to mEg-.
club, to kwexa. hamElq-.
tlElxwa. raodzodala.
club, round-headed hayano. —- with water, earth tlEp-.
stone niElegay'u. tIak'Eyind with grass.
coal ts'.olna. tslEmeg'ind.
cockles dzale. nas^id.
cod, black nalEm. ^UEX"-.
red LloxsEm. «nak"-.
LaxBtala. naqe^sta,
netsle. with hands q'.wax'^id.
cohabit, to q!6pa. head with ashes qlwalobEltSEmlil.
lEta. crab q!6mas.
! .
1444 ETHNOLUeiV 01" THE KWAKIUTL (ETH. ASS. 35
crab, to catch- q!aq!6tsa. cut, neck klilcge^, klldege^.?
crab apple lIeiix (Kos). • kMex'sod.
tsElxwa. grass seaweed k'lcLa.
crack in rock xukla. k' loxug'a^l ('.').
crack, to hoxwamas. cutter of canoe, water- k' legEm.
cradle xaap!.
crane adEingule.
crawl, to ma.
dagger tslEwayo.
creep sitting, to (infant) xe-'raa.
dance leda.
crew lelot.
dance, to yExwa.
of warriors kIwEyim. .
dance, a tieuqwa.
croak, to xwak"-. amElk".
crooked gElog"-. dare, to nala.
(wedge) qoLEla dark color tsopa.
cross, to gadzExedaas. red tsloleqa.
crossing (?) k!ilk-. plEdEk'-.
crosspiece of halibut hook i.laklos. to get k- lilto^nakula ?
crosspiece xwalbe-. daub, to q'.upa.
crosswise ge, gag-, gal-, day ^nala.
crow klElaga. dazed wunala.
k!ana'(Heldzafq"). hamanek"-,
crush, to lEsa. dead lE^la.
in mortar qlwel-. dear, my- ! ada.
cry of shaman hoip. death wanEm.
hamats!a hap. cause of g'aya^las.
ghust ham. death bringer halayu. (See Lai-.)
cry, to utter cannibal xwi'kwa. debts, small g'ag'ima.
cry, loon gotlala. decay, to qhilsa.
raven qaloqwala. decorate, to amos-.
indicating rain (drip) 86x''sox". decoy for dogfish, salmon as- Lekustod.
cry, to (infant) qlwegal, klweg'a^i? deep (see size) ^wa, awa.
Cryptochiton q'.Ens-. in water wunqEla.
cup k'.wa^sta. deer tEkMos (New).
curdled blood on water t!at!ekwamak'a. gewas.
curly hair, thick bushes klEnxwa. skin, dressed wadfik".
t'.Emkwa. defecate dried salmon or halibut, to
currant qlesena. k!tx-a.
cut fish, to xwaLa. defiled aims-.
open game qwaqa. DEnax'da^x" name of tribe,
off head qaka. dentalia aLEla.
to pieces qat-. deny, to yOx'sto.
with chisel q!Els-. haya^mala.
xuta. having done something hexwa.
t!6sa. depth (sfe size) ^wa, awa.
off branches egulEnd. desire, to mEx"-.
meat, left on skin wue-, wiis- gwaqlEla.
veins hayasElalaLElabis. axilla.
to bEX-. wat-.
fish tiEg-. to go hanenax".
out intestines t'.oxwa-. awElq.
tsEk'a. destroy, to qlwal^id.
off naxsaap de\'ilfish tEqIwa.
k-!E-. de\drs-club ex"'me.
klEmt-. devise, to kiwexa.
.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1445
dew gosa. double qeqapa'.ol.
diabase tslEqIuls (tsEqluls ?). doubt, to no)-,
diaphragm of porpoise sae}. (Scesa.) down of bird qam.Kwa.
die, to }e«1-. down river gwa-.
wu^yims-id (New). downcast xillsa.
foetus dies neqwa. draw water, to tsa.
different ogu^la dreaded lak'Iinc.
plans in house aiEwii. dreadful hawak'as.
difficult iaxuraala. kMekMes.
dig, to flap-. dress, to qlwalax'a.
roots ts!6sa. q!6x-.
clams dzek'a. drift, to mElx'a (?).
up tslEx^walii. yola.
to go to dig clams Laxwatla. away canoe, g'Exwa.
digging stick kMilak". ashore qulEm.
dip, to Llapa (New).
hap-. drill. to mEl •(?)
dzopa-. seI-.
with feasting spoon tseqa. wuna.
water tsa. drink, to naqa.
dirty raoxula. diip. to (from a leak) tsaxwa.
water neqwa. drive in posts, etc., to deqwa.
disappear, to x'isa. wedges qlwaettEiid.
haklwa, (?)mael-.
tlex-^Id. away k'a^ya.
dEmax'^id. drop. to tex-.
discover, to qloLlaLEla. teq-.
dish loqlwe. a small object, to daub q!upa.
xElqIwa. cherries, etc. klulp-.
into which shaman spits sickness drunk wunala.
k'!ats!e. dry, to lEmxwa.
disobey, to hatlEla. to hang up to X'il-.
qaqadala. clams yala (New).
distance (see size) ^wa. awa. dry, half salmon k'layaxwa.
distinct, plain awEl-. quarter fi.sh dzele^lak".
distinctly q!ul-. mouth gets sex^id.
distressed, to be qlwai^id pi. duck, saw-bill (female) LJEmqEyo.
distribute, to yaqwa. gogo^s.
dive, to dasa. bufflehead x'obe.
diver (bird), a k!exk!Exes. (male) LlaaLle.
wulga. mallard ialk'Iu.
dizzy klEdElqa. scaup tslotslEsbEs (=winkl
do, to ax-. eater).
for a while yawas- widgeon sesoklwa.
well walEmx'^id. harlequin matslena.
dog fwas- long-tailed sea- hahane.
dogfish xulgum. dull qlukwa.
dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) LlaLlE- dup; qux-.
qluxLa.
dolphin hatsawe.
desto^lax (New). eagle kwek".
done, roasted, ripe Llobsk". ear plEsplEya^.
don't! gwa. ornament xogum.
door t!Ex'-. east wind xa^yolisext^^ye
. .
1446 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL KTll.I ANN. 3i
easy wulOtE-las (?) eye gaaga (New).
eat, to ha^m-. gEyagEs.
with spoon vosa- gabEloxsta^ye.
after journey Llsxwa. eyebrows afin.
before going out hayasf:la.
entirely Lawik".
whole haxhaqwamas. tabulous being EX'=E!k!us
roasted olachen wulopa. face gogume^.
— sprouts sex a. faint, to heod.
clams tslekwa. fair, light complexion lesa.
meat qlBsa. fall, to, tree t!a-.
mixed food masa. tex-.
quickly halaxwa. person kuka.
ebb tide xatsla. making all — before him gungoi.-
echo lek-. laliskasa.
edge walEDxe^. famous qIalaodO.
of box k!6sa. fan fire, to yax^wid.
eel grass ts!ats!ayim. far qwesa.
eggs, to go after- qaqElx^a. =go away! qweda.
eight matguuat,. fasten, to tEx"-.
elastic tesa. fat, tallow yasEk".
elderberries, to gather ts!ex-. tsEnxwa.
elk lIeweIs. kidney— mEt!6s.
elongated sEx"sEm. of intestines yax"sEme.
else aL- father omp {See aw-.)
embrace, to kapa. adats.
emerge, to qlaxula. dada.
employ, to lopa. dataas.
end abasEma. ats.
from — to hayimbEnd said by girl atsao.
endeavor, to walEmx'^id. dats.
endogamy t!Ent!aq6. father and unclet wi-womj). {See aw-.)
endure, to bebaklwime. fathom baLa.
enough anak' fawn tlobewa (=Spot8).
equal ^nEma. fear, to ha^l'ala.
escape, to klexwa. nol.
even, though wax', fearless lawis.
evening dzaqwa. feast klwel-.
exceed, to hayaqa. feel, to p!ex"-.
exchange, to Llayo. a fish bite makula.
excited, to get yak'-. cold klEnaesa.
xwasa. heat q!ak'-.
exclamation of distress e"' about lEx^ulx'^id.
indicating pain a. fern (Polystichum munitumj salae-
excrement mEnka. dana.
expect, to gwanala. -root t.sak'os.
naka. sak"-.
tek"-. dead fronds gEms.
birds— danger and raise heads. fight, to xomal-.
galala. filled up entirely, so that it forms a solid
expected nametsoxd (?). mass imtslo. (See am-.)
expert eg'ilwat. fin of fish basbfile^.
extinguish fire, to k !ilqa, klilxa. pEL-.
boas] VOCABULAKY 1447
fin, dorsal klidege^. fish with hook, to gai.a.
finch, gold- mamama. net k'eLa.
find, to q!a. fish trap lEqa.
lesEla. black cod L!aqa(was).
by chance nsq-. • salmon yalnEk"-.
fingers q!waq!wax'ts!ane^. halibut bak"-.
little sBltla. loqwa.
third k!ada. fish basket lexset.
half a finger thickness k'lodEn. fishbone q!6q!6yu.
one-and-a-half — widths sEg'ino- fish hawk tslex'tslek".
dze. fish head hex'tle.
finished gwal. fish line Llagayo.
fir gagElwaEms. fish trap LEqa.
fire gulta. entrance to xolos.
lEqwa. fit, to bEna.
to catch xumta. fit in, to k'itUiLElod.
xiq-. fit close, to qlEsaLEla.
to fetch ana. loosely, to dzEbEqEla.
to start mex-. five sEkla.
fire drill angwe. fix hooks and spears for fishing, to
firewood, to get aneq-. hashenaqa.
firm e1-. fiat paq-.
firmly lEk"-. flat-bottomed LEqiExsdo.
first g'il. flatten, to p!Es(a).
fish ma. flence, to sap(a).
fish, old. with white skin ts!Elak-a fleshy, to become p6s(^id).
a small- hand. flicker, red-winged guldEm.
StolepKorus Perthecatus halo. flipper gElqlayu.
Myxocephalus mex"xwemalis. float, to pExwa, p6-.
Sebastodes pinniger t!6t!op!a. float pEwaxbe^.
Anarhichos lupus tlex'a. head out of water, to gEmxala.
Astheruthes stomias t'.omEle. flood tide yExwa.
Hydrolagus collici g'aLewala flop, to LEta.
g'omaga. flounder paes.
Clupea Pallasii klEmne. flour quxex.
' Salmo Clarkii k' lama. flukes of porpoise plewaxsde^.
Platychthys stellatus k- !ada. fly, to plELa.
Petromyzon marinus k!waak!um- • nElx-^id (New).
t!a. out (ashes) qlEX-.
Hemilepidotus klumsLla foam, froth a^awa.
Kyphosus seotatrix gwaxedEk" fog plElx-.
Lamo. fold, to kMox^wa.
Calamus penna gwaxguwa. dzoqwa.
Sebastodes mystinus qhvak'Ela. q!as6-
Hopkinsi gwaagulx'Esta. foUow, to tElpa.
Scorpaena qSqawa. lines of roots hegulEn.
Cathorichthys sordidus xa^nala. foolish niil-.
Hexagrammus xuldzos, pExit. one! o^mis.
Cetorrhinus xfilgwes. foot g-6g-Eyo, g-ogwEya.
Kyphosus, Cymatogaster lamo. of mountain axa.
Scorpaena grandicornis L'.Ekomala forbid, to bEla.
helamas. forget, to LlElewa.
Gasilurus aculeatus Llaklwa. forgot, I— ! w6q!onex"si.a.
1448 ETHXOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IETH. ANN. 35
foretell, to nEnwaqEms. go to and fro through kelp, to te!ats!Elx-
forty mosgEmg'usta. salax'^id.
foundation of crossed logs. k!aqa. out of sight tiayala, t!ex'^id.
four mo. to see nEnamux^ula.
frame for drying berries, k' !Itk' !Ed(>s. golden eye gudena.
fresh (fish) geta. good ek'.
dzela. goose ^nEla.
friend ^nEmok". nExaq.
friend! qast. —— brant nanaxagEm, imaxo.
frightened, to be hawinalal, gooseberry tlEmxwa.
frog wdqlas. grandchild ts!ox"LEma.
q!atES. grandchild's mate selan.
from ga-, g'aya. grandfather gagEmp.
frost g'iwes. atso.
froth, foam a^awa. gatso.
full qotla. gato.
full, heaping LlakEmalis, iJ.akEmala. qlatso.
fun, to make, of xal^id. ^wats!
fungus on trees k'ane, k'ink'-. ^wayol.
alder kletsl nomas.
fur seal xa^wa. grandmother gagas.
young ^niokwa. ganadze.
grandmother! hado.
grandparent, mate's selan.
gamble, to lepa. grasp with talons, to xapa.
game, a mayukwala. • hands gelpa.
hiding a feather in a gambling gras.s kletEm, k"!eta.
dance moqwa. grateful playol.
garden tlEk'i^lak". gravel, coarse, on ground awowaxEk!us.
g—ather, to q!ap!e. (See awo.)— berries, sand in hand, to k!a. grease, to q!Elsa (gElsa ?).
blanket over shoulder, to He!-. smell dEnkw-.
generally qlunala. great sing, ^walas.
get easily, to pESEmala. o^mas (New).
to go to k'lEng-alil (?). aedze.
ghost la^lenox" (16l-1. - pi. awo.
ghost dance qEbskwel, loloLalal. great-grandparent he^lo.
gills q!6sne^. grandchild he^lokwine.
girl, tslatslEdagEm. grebe hamasElalis.
infant gena. horned q!6daq.,
give, to ts!a. greedy ^lis.
away copper, to p!ay6L. mEsEla.
canoe, to sag'eLlExMa. green Iedx.—^ food, to yinesEla. greet, to awElp-.
seats in house, to qIagalelEm. grey qux-, qlwaxe'.'.
up, to yayaeq-, yax-^id. kulxwa.
yax'tso. hair oqwa.
glare pEnq-. grindstone, to turn a - kilxa.
gnaw (mouse), to k'lap-. grip daas.
(beaver) syEnta, ^yin^yat-. groan, to gwaLEla.
go, to sing. la. ground tlEka.
go, to pi. boq"-. grouse, ruffled kfikumx'a.
go ahead! wo. blue homhora.
go away! halag"a. mag'ag'o.
!
boas] VOCABULARY 1449
grooves, to make k!wet.-. haul (out of canoe), to gax'soltala.
grooves qilqetEn. up canoe, to LElx-^id.
grooved all over (veined) t!Enx-. have in hand, to goxsBni.
grow, to qlwaxa. hawk, red-breasted oqwane.
grown, to become full- nEXLaax'Md. chicken mamana.
growl, to haneq-. speckled t!ot!alal.
grumble, to dsntEla. he has-.
grunt, to X ix'^inqlwalEXta^ye. head x'oms.
guess, to kota. of seal X'ota.
guide, to nanaqa%ila. of fish hex'te.
gulches qaqetEn. of halibut malegEmano.
gull, a small q!aq!ag'EtEwa (tries to cut oft xEweq".
bite tops). head of fish, dried and roasted xoxwas.
gum gwE^lefc', gulx-. head ashore, to LEtalal(ai').
guts tslEyim. headway, canoS makes - after paddlers
stop paddling SEpa.
h. heap up, to mo-,
hair of head sE^ya. hear, to wuLEla.
of body hap-. heart of wood domaq.
long, of goat sExsEk'e^. of porpoise paxwa.
hair oil LladEm. heat L!esala.
half HEq-, nEXs-. heat, to pEX'-.
halibut p!ae^. nox^wid.
dried k' !awas. tallow and lick it off, to tsex'a-
head malcgEmano. xEla.
hammer pslpElq. heavy gunta.
o^sde (Kos). gwayuk".
hafted dexumanos Doqwais. hellebore, blue axsole.
hammer, to lEsa. help, to g'ok"-, g'ox^wid.
hand a^yaso. g'i^wala.
a hand width amxLa. (See am-.) hemlock, water- waxolawe^.
hang, to tek"-. hemlock tree q!wax.
k-!esala(?). branches for herrings to spawn on
up to dry x'ita. tle^yo.
hang, to gexwa. leaves texa (Kos).
mat, cloth over a log or a rope, to • klamamo (k'lEmo-).
— gex"sEq!End. sap laq.— on top, to qlexotod. heron quqiwane, qwaqiwane.over, to Lata. herring wa^ne*.
head, to gtmx"sa, i.ame^sta. q!ama (New, Kos).
loose, to ya. hesitate, to Lapa.
happy ayabagEs (Kos). ha-nala.
hard p!es-. hidden from view tla^yala.
LEmxwa. hide, to qlulaL.
harpoon, to ed- (Kos). ^wuna.
harpoon, salmon mas, masto. high ek'
-line qlElk", q!olk". high water yExwa.
-point, barbed LEg'ik", LEg'ik". hill tEnk-.
-shaft saEntsIo, s^Eutso. hire, to hela.
hat LEtEml. hit, to q!apa.
to wear LEtEmala. hold, to da.
hate, to Llesila. up, to dzoxwa.
man hates his wife, or v'ce versd in mouth, to hams-.
qla^yanas. hole kwax"-.
1450 ETHNOLOGY OF THli KWAKIUTL IETH. ANN. 35
hok> xup!ed. industrious (?) 8Ex''t8!a. (.See to agree.)
holes on beaoh in sand into which inexperienced yagilwaat.
water runs. qlox^qlolis, xwa- inland aLl.
kiwaes. inlet wunaldEms.
under tree qwaqlus. innocent, (not having had sexual inter-
hollow x\ilp-. course) a^e.
xup-. insects niESLEqliina.
lopa. Inside wiyoqluge^.
in middle xuilboyale. jusist, to hatlEla.
hollow out wood with adz, to Loqa. intestines yaxyig'il.
holothuria, a small Els^altsa. nvite, to Le^lala.
hook gaL-. plekwa.
hooked guLEk". island ^mEkala.
halibut- yEku-. itch, to iaxa.
gamo^la (gimt-).
hop on one foot, to yaxkla.
jaw, lower q'.wayo-s.
• yalk'la (Kos).
jealous baba^la.
horn wLiLlax.
two wives are of each other
horse clam mEt-.
dadEka.
horsefly sa^dekwax'id.
jellyfish gogesamak".
hot tslElqwa.
jerky walk tiEnx-.
house gok".
jingo, black-headed tsopamala.
woman married out of tribe goes
joint waqode^.
to get property from father's
of box sak'odo^.
house g'okuut'.
joke, to tek"-.
with several platforms dzoyaq.
jokingly, to talk — wa^lala.
how many g'lns.
juice saaq.
howl, to qamotala.
jump, to dEx"-.
(dog) haxo.
tex'^id.
huckleberry gwadEm.
salmon aka'.
humming bird k!waak!umt!a.
fish out of water dclax'^id, ^niE-
hundred g'ex'sognig'Eyox^sayok".
nala.
hungry pos, pala. wedge — out tEms^id.
wasElaxwa. jumping sea animal, a qlEtayatsc.
hunt, to, mountain goats tEwix'a.
just al.
sea mammals alexwa. waxa.
hurry, to tell to- halakMala. (.Secha^la-.)
hurt, to momasila.
yilkwa.
keep full, to palpalaabolas (?).
husband la^wunEm. {See lax"-.)
kelp lEqiEstEn.
i LlESLiEk".
I nogwa. bottle, ^wa ^wadc.
ytn. kelp fish pExit.
ice l!6x". kelp patch qlaxqlsles.
if qo. kick, to kwas'id.
imitate, to nanageg'a, nanaxsto. (bow of canoe kwatslEXLasx'a.)
hayeg'i. kidney galgene^.
impatient, to be waniq-. fat mEtlos.
important awila. kill, to lE^amas.
indeed qa(La). (hal-).
Indian baklum. hex'^id.
indistinctly visible in water L'.Esala. wounded game tsexa.
on account of distance lax"- means of killing, death bringer
tsle^mala. halayu.
. .
boas] VOCABULARY 1451
killer whale max^enox". less- gwas-.
kinqalalEla (a dancer). k-inqalalEla. let go, to mEx-.
kingfisher klidElawe. let out line, to Llaq-.
k'lEdawe (Kos.). level ^nEma.
kneel down, to Llax^wa^la. levirate k!wal6%.
knife, mussel shell gElts'.Em. liberal awaqlas.
crooked xElxwala. lick, to k'ElgElEg'ind.
knit, to — net yEq-. lie on ground (tree), to t!a(g:il).
knot in wood tlEmx- (?), tiEnx- (?). on back t!ek'-.
know, to q!al-. nELala.
qlaLEla. edge klotEla.
Kwakiutl Kwag-ut. across a canoe geklodExste.
sick qElkwa.
face down haqw(ala).
1
. face down on top of one another.
ladder tlEXLe^. haqwenek'ata. (See haqwala.)
lance qwagwilbe. dead yaqwa.
land, to Lelx'^id. lie, to pi. kul-.
^nEmsa. lie, to tell a Lelk'.wala.
stern first aL-. life qlula.
land otter xumde. lift a copper, to wawedzElaqwa.
large «walas (Kwag), o^mas (New) sing., lift, to waia.
pi. awa. stick on shoulder wek-.
lash, to malaq-. clothes worn mosa-.
t'.Ema-. stones t !aq-
lashing nByEnxsalas. gElqa.
last al, ElxLala. . LlElg'ostod.
laugh, to daWd. lifter, bark- L!6k!"-.
aloud xal^id. light of weight k!us-, klwaklwayaak".
laughing dance hamanxola). light (of day) ^naqiila.
lay down, to L!a-. light fire, to anqa-.
before guests tIaqEnililEla. mEla-.
layer, outer — of bark lelEgweg'e^. mexa.
lazy qlamsa. tsexa.
Leader Klesx'a^lis (name), also: bright light qlwuqala.
leaf mamama. lightning LlEneqwa.
leaky LExa. like gwex's.
gilxa lily-bulb (Fritillaria) x'okum.
lean ts!ena. limp (soft) lEnt-.
(stomach) k'o^ies. line is taken out by hair-seal mcx=id.
lean on, to haqwa. listen, to hoLela.
against sEk'ala. waLaqala,
tES-. little, a xaLl, xaLe-.
leataer k!ots!e«. holala.
leave, to bo. live, to qlflla.
lowaLa. liver tiewana, dewana.
off LlElgEmx'^id. g'omaga.
standing guLlEsa. lizard gwalas
husband xael. load, to mo.
left (side) gEnix-. canoe raoxs.
legs of tongs XEwele^. loan, to bEk'6.
lehal alaxwa. loan at 100 per cent deida.
length, see size ^wa, 3,wa. g'ala.
lengthwise, close together aodzaqala. gwela.
. . .
1452 ETHNDLOdY OF THE KWAKIUTL 1 i-riH. ANN. :i'.
lock door, to klimya. matted xolexwa.
long {see size) ^wa. iiw:!. hair k' Icnxwa.
long (of space) g'iltla. pubic hair hawanaqaqElalol.
long, to lEngaa. measure, to mEns-.
longtime ge, gEyol-. by spanning with hand or arms
look, to doqwa. bai-.
into hole Mnx(a). meat, flesh eIs-.
on homaia. qlEmlala. qlEml-.
loon xa-we. meat-board lEga-.
g'ot!ala (Kcs). medicine pEt-.
loop X ima. meet, to bako.
on basket for carrying-strap ends of circle k im^ya.
madas. meet, to k'lnqox^wid.
horn — klF.na. meeting, in house aLalEls.loose; hair, getr<
gi. melt, to yaxa.lord
mend, to qlsnaa.
lose, to k'linala.
mos,s hasdExwa. qlEta.
Laxa. menstrual blood edEm.louse, to
!aimEs=steam.
love widxwa. k'
menstruate, to exEnd.
lax"-.
make mention, to gwas^ed.to Llasa.
mercy, to have maya-.
LlEta.
wax=-
LlatEne^.
mercy, not to have halyoqula.
lover «-aLas.
bEna. mess, a (excrements) amak'-.low
stream koles. message, to send a
UEnkwa.
is
bad aims, a^mela. metallic noise sEbElxa, sEpElxaluck, (?).
lump tEnka. middle nEq-.
qoqwa. qlayaye.
lungs kwaxwa. part of salmon q!aq!aq!e.
lupine qlwa^ne, q!uns-. milk dza^m.
milt of porpoise tsiilayo.
m mine nos.
mink niEtsa.
mad kwegEk". ku«na5(Ne).
maggots abanc'i. myth name kex'.
make tools, to dEtdaEmkila. mischief, to do an^aneg'ila.
male wisEm. mischievous alEte.
maltreat, to wa^nexsila. miss, to lEne^sta,
man bEk"-. Leqwa, LEqwa.
mantle of mussel k awadzegas. mistake, to make Leqw(a) a^mel(a).
many q!e-. mittens ts!6p!ax'.
mark a line, to xulta. mixed gi(qe).
trail t!6xwa. qElxwa.
marmot pekia (DEnax'da^x"). malaqsla.
kwekux^d. with oil Llakwp.
married couple hes-, hayasEk'ala. model k'.omose^.
marten LEgEk". moisten, to mElx^iind.
mast Lap !eq monster, a dzonoqlwa.
yawapleq. k'!awaq!a (the same, Hntd/.a^q").
master ag'ano. also name of copper.
mat lex"- (te^we^). monstrous ! hame
old k!ak'!obane. L'.aya.
. .
KOASl VOCABULAKY 1453
moon ^niEkula. neck q!6q!o^na.
nose (Heldza^q")- neck-ring of warrior yayEng'ayoxawe^.
morning gaala. nephew Lo^le.
aky LlexS,. nest qElxatsle.
mosquito LesLena, LesLEna. net, olachen- taq-.
q!ela (Kos). net measure tslEwek".
moss gEms, gams. nettle guna.
plEls-. never hewiixa.
white dadeqam, new al-
mother abEmp. (See ah-.) next mak-
amaol. day lEns.
ada. year ipsEyinx. (See Sips-.)
aben^. nibble (fish) to xeLa.
ganf. niece Lolegas.
yaa. night ganoL.
and aunts ebEmp. nEk'- (Kos).
mould, to LlEp-. to leave over— xamas
mouldy, to get x'idzEX-id, x'tdsx-a. nightmare dolEmx'^id.
dElx'a. nine times ^na^nEmaplEnk'.
side of steep mountain qwequxol. nobleman naxsola.
mountain UEg'a. noise to make hayotEla.
-goat ^mElxLO^. dsmlexula.
mouse g'ig'Eyatsaga ^ loved woman. xasbExula (Ne, Kos).
ha^Iamalaga (Kwag), ha^lamalaga noise of falling objects saoltalag'-
(New). itsumk'as^o.
mouth sEms. noon nEqiila.
to have, in water k inxstala. nose X indzas.
mouthful k-!ilta(?). not es-
mouthful, to hold in mouth k' !ek' !agux- k-!e(s).
stalit. we.
move, to, stir xemg'lls. obtained wanEm.
k Iwenal^id notch, to qEmta, klEmt- (?).
Leqwa. q!ak", qEx-.
about yawix'ila. notched top qaxEto'.
much Laxumala. notch q!asa-
Loma. nutcli, to k imL- (?).
too- xEnLEla. notice, to amaElla.
mucus of vagina L!6pde(?). notice, to take q!asEla.
mud (on rock) tEq!a. notify, to howag'ila.
of swamps nax'Ela. now and then yala.
musk-bag b61xsde = lump at backside, numaym ^nE^mema.
mussel xo^la. numb, to get dolEmx'-id.
laes. number (sec size) ^wa, 3wa.
mustard masta (loan word),
myth, Oto tell nos-.
myth people nuxne^mis. oblique senoq"-.
observed q!amxts!es6.
n ocean aowak'.
naked xa^nala. ochre gums-.
name leq-. offer for sale, to qlosa.
narrow ts!eq!a. often qlunala.
navel gEdElaqlwitse^. oh ^ya, ^ya.
near uExwala. 6.
mak-. oil Lle^na.
near, to go ex'^ala. taste Laqa.
1454 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IeTH. ANN. 35
oil, seal- sak'.wis. panther bEde.
qlEls. parent-in-law nEgump.
oil, tried out Lewula. pass, to hota.
mixed with- Llakwe. hayaqa.
oily stones on beach LEgEldzes. ])atch hole in canoe, to qiaaa.
olachen dzaxiim. patches lolasala.
o!d qlulyak". pay, to halaqa.
to get—and tired out wa^yatsloq"-. in advance klEqa.
man nomas. pay shaman, to aya.
woman lEklwane. — debt(?) quna.omen aqEn. — marriage-debt qotex'a.
one side ^ps-. pearl shell kogwis.
one ^nEm. peck, to LEnLa.
only a-. peel bark, to SEnqa.
lex'a. tslaqa.
open dq-. • qusa.
to xox'wid, xaux^id (Ne). saq!6d.
eyes, to dix"- peg, to Lapa.
mask haxitled. pelican h6x"hokwayak'.
clams Blk'a. penis mes-.
opening, small t!6q"-, t!6it!ax". perch LEmwa.
ordinary, man of—powers aoms perch-oil dzeklwes.
orphan xamax'-id. perforate, to oda.
ostentatious yalaq-. perish, to xEkMa.
other waok". petrel q!weq!weq!we.
^uEm. phosphorescence bex'a.
out of sight t!Ep-,—underground tiEbEto. pick berries, to hamsa.
outside, seaward Llasa. off berries klillpa.
ouzel, water g'ilExwitsla. out mEna.
overcome (taste), to lEmplEX'id.
sElsa.
overdo, to sabEnd. up stone tlaqElis.
overhanging qagutala.
roots lEx^ed.
overturn, to laaqa.
k!ul-
owl xopxop.
up
roots out of sand sExala.
white klasaxa.
for oneself aoklQna.oqwane (?).
dExdEXElil. picked out ^wilgiltSE^wef
small bEkwaye. pidgeon hamo.
own qEsma^q. pile up, to k!iga.
oyster-catcher gwegwegwe. mo-.
piled up on ground lax'mos.
fiat things mok"-.
pack-strap q!alEy6. pillow genulas.
paddle, to sexwa. pin, a LaLEdzEnwe.
edgewise k' lokwalamas. t'.Emqu.
against wind nEXElel. pinch, to epa.
tide tsopEla. pine bark mawe^ (Kos).
paint, to gEls-. pine mox^pleq, m6mux"de.
klata. mot-
face babax"sila (?) p!ep!aq!u- red wunagiil.
'
gEmd(?). pity wasala, waox-ed (Ne).
to protect face against sun k!wa- place side by side, to gwasod.
klunwayo. place, to da.
paint of whites gElyayu. place ga^ os.
rOAS] VOCABULARY 1455
plain, distinct awEl- plants—continued.
plait, to gElx^id, qlElx- ? Struthiopteris spicans (L.) Underw.
rope qlala. k'!ak'!wa^ma.
plan senat. sEn- k'!ak'!6sa^ma.
plant yisx'En. Athyrium cyclosorum Rupr. (?)
plants: gEms (all kinds of old fern fronds).
Moneses reticulata Nutt., —iini- Galium Aporine L. gagex'a^ma.
jflora (L) A. Gray aagala. Heracleum lanatum gesdEm.
Heuchcria micrantha Boiigl. ex'- Chamaerion angustifolium gwagul-
p!alaes. tama.
Symphoricarpus racemosus Miclix. Populus balsamil'era k!wak!watama.
yayilqama. ? gagexa^me (a vine).
Amelanchier floiida Lindley eX'pla. Chaniaepericlineum unalaskense
Ligusticum sp. (Canbyi C & R ?) (=Cornus) qsk'laale.
wExaLalayugwa. Eriophorum gracile Koch qaqoni-
Drosera rotundifolia wElxkwes. xwama.
Oenanthe sarmentosa Presl. (?) wa- Crataegus rivularis qlEtjlEne, q!a-
xillawe. q!ane.
Ribes echinatura habaxsolO. Peucedanum leiocarpum qlExmen.
?ham6tsena. Rumex occidentalis S. Wats. q!6x-
Achillea asplenifolia, borealis sawane.
Boug., Ghamomilla swaveolens
= Gicuta sp. (occidentalis Greene?,(Pursh.), Rydb. Matricaria dis- vagens Greene). XEtxEtlEs, XEt-
coidea D. C. hadzapama.
XEt!a.
Matricaria raatricarioidcs hadza-
Fritillaria X'okum.
pamxLe^. Erythroneum giganteum Lindl. xa-
Glaux niaritima hoqiwah".
a'x'int'.e.
? pa'pesa^me.
plant),
Menziesiaferruginea Smith, poxwas. ? xEtEm (umbelliferouB
Allium recurvatum Rydb. mE- strawberry lEgo.
q!wats!e. Gonnania oregana (Nutt.) Britton
Rubus macropetalus hosdEklwa. lEgosa k'EXElaga.
Menyanthes trifoliata doxdEgwes. Sericotheca (Holodiscus) discolor
Unifolium dilatatum tlEmts! (Pursh.) Rydb. lEnwum.
? t'.ExtlEqus. Polypodium glycorrhiza D. C,
Pteris aquilina pubescens Kuntze, hesperium Mason, Eaton lEklwa.
Pteridiuni. sagum Argentina occidentalis Rydb. lex'-
Vaccinium ovalifolium seIehi. sEm.
Adianthum pedatum L. dzExi^ua. Gaulteria Shallon Pursh. lEUEmx-
Opulaster capitatus (Pur.sh.) Kuntze de (plant).
dzadzeqwam.
? LatEn.
Rubacer tornientosum Rydb. tsE- Limnorchis stricta, Corralorhiza l!e-
gBl.
tla^yas.
Ar'uncus sylvestris nusuElaa.
Peltigera canina membranacea Ach.
Gaulteria Shallon Pursh. (berry.)
LlESLlEklilS.
nEk!ule.
Distegia (Lonicera) involucrata
Ribes laxiflorus k'Esplole.
Elymus LlEql.EXole.arenarius L. k'!Et!Em.
(?)kMtlxEla (thorny, with milky play, to aml-
juice). with dolls iale^waha.
Chamaenerium spicatum (Lam.) S. throwing sticks LlEmkwa.
F.Gray k!ak!aqwania. pliable lEnd-
Scirpus microcarpus Presl k !ak- !e- pEqwa..
La^me. plover with white wing and neck qEl^ya.
1456 ETHNOLOGY OF THK KWAKIUTL IkXH. ANN. 3S
plover, goldoii tsutsEptsIa (=black in prince LiwElgame'.
armpits), princess kledel.
pluck, to. • out mapa (moss). privilege k' les^o.
off bushes kUip- promise daughter in marriage, to xun-
berries kimta. klwala.
out (hair) plEl- potlatch dzoxwa.
plugahole, to Jzopa, Islatslosto. feast qaso.
for popguu pox"poq!wa. prong of harpoon dzegum.
point, to tslEmala. tB!ex"be^.
poisoned by clams, to be dosa. proper, right he!-,
poke with linger, to llEkwa. property yaq-.
into ground qlumta. dadEkas.
pole dzoxum. dadaoma (Ne).
dzEXEq" (young cedar). dedamala (Ne).
punting dzomegal. in house raa^mek"as.
policeman ts!ets!ekila ( = keeping datdanax" (Ne).
awake), gweigwala.
polish, to gexa. protect, to liElkla.
xfllxsErad. protect against sun, to tUiya-.
pond q!6. proud LEmqa.
poor wanaia. provisions lelak'lEdze.
porcupine mex ide. dedamala.
porpoise k'lolot!. traveling giwulk".
post Lam. pry open, to kiweta.
qEldEm. off with point tsek"-.
potlatch plBsa. puff, to, breathe heavily sElpEX-wid.
first of a person gomiasapla, ba- pull up canoe, to wat-.
kwenok"(?). apart (moss) belaid.
great ^maxwa. • out of canoe tEgulExs.
pound with wedge or beate', to tiElx"-. pull off cedar-twigs, to dzEta.
pound, to lEsa, lEg'a. through nEylmsalas.
pour out. to dzasa. out nesa.
in among tsek'a, guq-. pull, to nexala.
out qEp-. — backward kax'aLElod.into xwak"-. ^ k-!tka.
(afterward) xai.laxLala. out of hole k' lEqa.
into, from a mat iaats'.od. sticks, plants out of ground, dis-
on tsadzElEue^. ease out of body k'lEqwa.
in qlwalotslE^wak". out hair klula.
powder ts!61ayo. up gElqa.
praise, pray, to amyax(ala) out (guts) golol.
pray, to tslElwaqa.
(fish-bones) qlEkola.
precipice cLlEXsdalaa.
off qus-.
pregnant bEwek".
up finger after pressing xita.
qElxk'!aesa (Ne).
preserved salmon xamas. through xix-.
clams k'!6mats!e. out of hole lexwa.
halibut k'lawas. pull, to JEta.
press, to tES-. lEkwa.
Laqwa. out branch lEkumwala.
on qlEsaLEla. out lEkokod.
against tsEsala. punch with fist, to gotla, LlEnqa.
prevent, to gwanala. pungent, to have—smell i-Ex^ed.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1457
punk kanc. putrid (olachen, tried out) qiaboq".
punt, to teno-. pyre Llaqawas.
pure, unmixed sayoq"-.
purify, to q'.eqEla.
g'ig'Htala. quarrel, to qatapla.
purpose senat. husband and wife
purpose, made on hek"-. quartz xwe^la.
push, to wiq"-. quick yixa.
into water mo^x"stEnd. ealtsila.
ground ts!6x"-. hanak".
point qlumt-. ha^la-.
canoe offshore q!6t-. quiet sElta.
long or fiat thing Lasa, LlEnq-. quite klwiig'ila
stick out, to l!ex-, l!e1-.
put, to ax-.
into mouth hanbEnd(?).
raccoon mayus, mayust3,la.
arms through carrying-strap plEm-.
rack klitkMEdes.
in pEntslala.
raft of driftwood tseta.
into water mox^stEnd.
rafter pux"bala.
corner of blanket over shoulder ek' lEbala (Kos).
tiEl-. rain yogwa.
right side up tlax^alis. rainbow wagalos.
up sa. raindrop tsax"mis.
berry cakes into box tslEnk"-. raise, to plagusta.
down branches tslak'- weq-.
• (meat) se. head gwag'ustala.
away g'i, gex'^id, g'a-. x'ita. (=to pull upl.
g'exa. rancid Laqa(?).
down k'a. rattle yat-.
fish k'igEdzod. rave, to kweqaya.
head on pole k' !iq!uxsdEnd. raven gwax"-, gwa-wina.
of enemy on pole yilxwa. raw kMilxa.
k!a. real ala.
down long thing kat-. reach end, to q'.uxto.
oh edge k!6t-. reach, able to kwElElitslenox".
point on harpoon k'loxbEnd. snow reaches up to walaLa.
. up poles or staging, to qax-. water up to t!ap-.
between qIaxstEnd. reaching in front haiqlEnxolag'ilis.
ends together q!6p!e-. ready gwal.
head out x'lqwa. in house gwax'gwElil.
crosswise xwala, (xulk" put). ready, to be xwanaL-.
down XEmsa. q!aq!exsila.
branches xes-. recognize, to ^nialtle-.
stones XEq"-. red L laqwa.
soft things lEqa. red-hot xiq-.
into vagina LEx^wid. reed mat kule^e.
down stones lex- (?), uix- (?). referred to gwE^yo.
up La. refuse, to Lalegwig'a.
away Laqwa. regret an act, to maya.
over fire Lesa. a loss qleka.
between Lolaxod. relatives Lala. LeLELala.
upon fire LlEXLEnd. reluctant qiamsa.
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 43
1458 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [KTII. ANN. 3!.
reluctantly, to do LEqiila. roll down, to qlumx'axa.
remain, to, in a certain state hak!w(a). roll (like hoop?), to kinx'a.
remains, left over anex''sae^. noise of —ing rocks wuk'lala.
remember a thing, to ^mElqula. roof sala.
remove, to Leqwa. roof-board saok".
repent, to x'ixinlvld room, to make (=to stretch out) sa-.
reproach, to q!Em-. room ga^yas.
• ga^la. root LlopiEk'.
repurchase a wife, to klwaapa. rope, tangled q lek' lElsa.
request, to lianak'a. rose gEgElx, gElx.
resolve, to gig'aex^ed. rot, to qlai^id.
resort to, to, as a last means lienak'a. wood LlEnqwa.
rest, to x'osa. rope pleqa.
nEges. mat, blanket xasa, qlQlsa.
return home, to na^nak". rough out canoe, to k'lims-.
revenge, to take qlEs^id. rough surface heyadza, mol-, k.loLa-
yink'a. xulqwa, lOnoqwa.
rib gElEm. round kElkEla.
of halibut x'lUi. loxsEm. •
rich qlomala. leElx'^En.
ridge on board made by adzing. tlEnx- mouth of hamatsla tsokwala.
{See vein of leaf.) inner rounding of canoe bottom
ridicule, to qlEm- dzeg'ExdzEm.
riuht lie! row, to get into a xoma)-.
ring wtilx-, WElk"-, wElg-(?). rub, to yils-.
shaped wak-. through basaraas, deg'a.
game k'ane^. rub, to dzEka.
xolegwaqe (=8haking hands on dzegilEmd.
between legs). body gulkwit.
fourth ring in game la^magekila. to soften q!6ya, q!wax"sEmd.
—— to paint—on mslx^wid. rubbed with wolf's dung, person, blind
ring like metal, to ts!6qwa. for everything niEqEm.
ringing noise in ear hosaxwatala. run, to dzElxwa.
ripe q layok", qiayoqwa. ql.ul-.
Llopa. out kusxala.
rise, to, waves qlEneposta. water q!o.
water paol-. wa. •
in throat lEwams. line out, to tslEnkwa.
rival hayot. before wind nsq lEXLala.
river wa. olachen— qwaxulis.
road tlEx'ila, tlEX'a (Ne). seal runs out with line mex'^id.
roast, to Llopa. rush forward, to hamx"-.
clams tslesa. rush mat kuteye-. {See reed mat.)
many on fire oqwala.
rob, to lenEm-.
robin, red-breasted gBgElat.
rock cradle, to hiixula. sacred room of novice lEmk"-.
rock, awash kultsEmSla. sail yawap-.
rockslide qlumxod. salal-berries, to pick uEkwa.
roe, salmon ge^ne. berry nsklule.
roll, to 16x«a. —bush lEnEm, IsnEmx-de.turn over lexa. — lenokOla.
clouds kunsa. salmon kMotEla.
.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 1459
salmon, dog- gwaxnis. scratcher qlulayu.
humpback hanx"-, ha^non. screech, to gEles.
Oncorrhynchusgorbacha (female) sea dEm(8X'a).
ha^non xwak'lana. animal, a small lEklEqiEtEn.
— Salmo Clarkii q!edza. sea-egg amt-, amdEm.— silver dza^wun. • sea eggs, to fish aamtla.
sockeye mElek'. sea-egg mEseq"-.
spring sas-. seal megwat.
steelhead g'Exwa. young wule^x".
preserved xa^mas. to give a sealfeast sakwela.
dried tlElek". sealion L'.ex^En.
with three sticks across to mawak'a (Heldza^q").
keep flat kMolox". sea-otter q!asa.
preserved tayaltslala. search, to ala.
trap, fence kMitEla. wawi^la (=to try to get all).
weir mails. sea-slug a^las.
xo^los. seaward Llasa.
tail WElxwaxsde^. seaweeds q!axq!alis (Ne).
salmon-berry qUmdzEk", qIamdzEk". lEq-.
golale (Ne). L!E8L!Ek".
bush qlwalmis. secular baxus.
salt dEm-, dEmsx'e. seduce, to LlEta.
same ^nBm(a). see, to doqwa.
sand eg'is. (Seeek.) secret in woods Llaaso.
sandpiper (female) tsoplEpEla (=black seesaw a'yak'a.
on cheek), select, to k'lEnx'^id.
sandstone dE^na. hayoqod.
sap saaq selected tribes wiwulqEmak".
xiidzeg'e^. self xama-.
satiated, to be peloid. qlulex'SEm.
niEnl-. selfish gaxEla.
saw, to xilta. selvedge malaqa.
say, to ^nek'. semen lIex'c.
scab LEme^. exsEm.
scales gobEta. send, to ^yalaqa.
scallop shells XBmsEmektn. halaqa.
scar q!uta. canoe ahead eayapalg'iwala.
scared, to be lalapEla. separate (married couple), to k'hiso.
scatter, to gwela. serpent, double-headed sisiuL.
roots lEndzod, Llex's. servant aLEla.
scold, to Llola, gElx'^id. serves him right! yilala.
scoop out a groove, to kiweta. set before, to k'a.
scoop out, to leI-. set dish down as one is walking, to ka-
• up gox"-. k'abala.
. herrings kina. seven aLEbo.
sea-eggs xeIos. sever head, to kiwawaqayo.
scorch, to q!waq!iiquya- sew, to qlEna, qlana.
scrape, to, with net XeI-, XElpElg-; sew wood, to tlEm-.
yaas, k'exa. shadow qabix'a, tiEns-.
off k'ixala. on ground g'ag'omas.
scratch, to Elwad. shake, to nalEitala, nElEla.
qliila. • off dirt, berries, water k!ila,
XElpa. laaq-.
LEms^Id. shallow (basket) kutala.
1460 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL turn. ANN. 3S
sham-fight amaqa. sii to t!eqwa.
shaman paxila. with noise Ismyala.
shark xulqumaxa. sister, said by man waqiwa.
sharpen, to g'exa. -in-law of woman plElwump.
knife t!eka, t'.ika. -in-law of man ginp.
pole dzox"-. sit, to sing. k!wa.
shattered gwelaxwa. pi. k!us-.
shave with knife, to k!ax"-; XElxwa. on summer-seat awaqw(a).
shed for sick people or mourners ho-. six qlEL!-.
sheets wat-. size ^wa, &wa.-, ^walas.
shelf in house Laya^lil. skate bagwane.
shell of shellfish xalaes. skim off, to ax-wid.
mussel xoxutk' limot. skin Lies.
shellfish ts'.ek"-; ts!ets!Ek!wemas. klutsa.
shelter tiEns-. of fish pEBEne^.
shift, to xEmx'^id. of goat without hair pask'en.
shine, to qesa. dressed alagim.
sepa, sEpa. skin, to sapod.
shirt qlEs^Ene^. skip on water, to LEsala.
shoot, to hanL(a). skirt wawiyakila.
short ts'.Ekwa. skull xaweq".
shout, to ^laqu-. skunk-cabbage klaok".
xeLEla-. sky lE^wa.
q!wega^l. slack klEsk'lEsa.
awElxiya. slant masLlEkala.
shove apart, to kiqEdzo. , to gElax" (?), qElex"-nakuhi.
in wuyoqiuq. hole LEtsS..
together tiisal-. slanting 61ala(?).
show, to nela. • Lanexala.
oneself buxta. slap, to LEqa.
teeth xlsata. slate yuklwa.
shred cedar-bark, to k'asa. slave q!ak"-, qlako.
shrink back, to klumta. sleep, to mexa.
skin t!Emk"-. sleeping-place of seal khviisa.
shrivel up, to xulsa. sleepy bEqIulEla.
shut eyes, to plaiEragalll, plElEmata. slice fish, to tlslsa.
shut, to keep eyes kllxEmx'^id. slime mEngEdcq.
side (?) Llaya. offish k-!e«la.
sticks of frame LlaLlExEnx. sling yink'layo.
of tree without knots wilEm. slippery tsax"a.
side hill, steep tseta. slow oya, aoyaa.
sight, to kliilx^ed. smack lips, to baqlala (p!aq ?).
sinew atlEm. small, pi. ama.
sing, to qlEnita. to become holaka, anio-
dEnxEla. x-^id.
sacred song yiilaqwa. smear, to gElsa, q!Elsa(?).
single oxsaak". smell, to mesEla.
singly ^nEm. smile, to mEnx^wid.
sink, to, water xuta. xutled. smoke kwaxila.
k-ola (Nimkish). smooth qesa.
wunsEla. mEkwa.
log, deep in water kutala. ^nEm.
sinker of hook qlclyayayo. side of tree wiJEm.
. .
boas] VOCABULARY 1461
snail q!wEats!e. speck, spot topala.
with house q!waats!aq, qluda- spectator, to be a x'its!ax'ila.
dzEq (?). spider-crab klinwis.
snake selEm. spin sinew, nettlebark, to, met!a, tox"-.
snapping door k' !amaxk' !amaq !ast6. double thread gslx^Id.
sound of qEnqlala. spine of porpoise (?) dogwil.
snare ximayo. spirit, a qIalaLEle.
to x'ima-. hayalilagas
sneeze, to asxi. spit, to kwesa.
snore, to xEntlEg'a^l. splash, to tElkhvala.
snow na^ya. kusx'EsgEmlis.
to k!wesa. splice in warp of basket qiamyu.
snow-geese L'.esdaq. split open game, to ytmla.
soak, to t!ela. split, to hox"-.
peqwa, LBqa. roots, wood pa-, tol-.
soar, to qla^ne-. in falling setkMotlEn, tslEta,
socket of salmon spear-head pEk' !e- dzEta, dzExa, dzsltslaak", kuq-.
xsde. split boards, to k!unaxwa, k!waq-.
soft tElqwa. salmon q!wa(xs)-, q!weta, X'itle-
soft end of root qlwayotsla. damas.
soften anger, to tEmElqwa. wood xotsleg'a, xox"-.
soil dzEqwa. boards lat!a.
tlEka. fuel LEmka.
to Smak-. wood LEn^ya.
song, love sal-, down salmon Leqwaxa.
son-in-law nEgtimp. split, to; split runs outward in board
soot qlwalobEs. making peLax^wid
sore eyes yilqa. splitting bone (?) sEgEnodze (one
soul bExnme^. and one-half finger-widths ?).
southeast wind niEla. meLa? splitting trees, implement for dExayo.
span baLa. spoil, to a^mel(a).
thumb to bent first finger Llakwa. spoiled child nEx"s6k".
angle of thumb to tip of first finger spongy molta.
sExnsiac?). spoon k'as-, k'atslenaq, Llaxem.
spark anobex. spot, speck topala.
to emit s LlEmsa. spout, to Llal^id.
sparrow gwedza. spread over, to halExsEmd.
spawn, to plExula. legs yiLa.
xwelo. roots IeIx-, gwel-.
, to (herring) wasa. legs gaxala.
spawn of salmon ge^na. tree qEta, qlwaxEmd.
• of herring aEnt. out sea-grass, kelp Iex-, LEp-.
• halibut tsapledze. out stomach LleplEqala.
speak, to yaq!-. sprig in neck xeyaple.
dot- (Kos, No). sprinkle, to telx'Eg'ELEvind (tlelx'Eg'-
badly of some one henak' !ala. ELEyind?), xosa.
spear, to sEka. down tselaxalala.
salmon tlaqwa, t!at!aq!wa. sprout, to tEmx'alis.
qaqElx% (DzawadEenox"). spruce alex"-.
t!6xwa (DEnaxda-x"). anewas (Kos).
devilfish seq(a). young k'!5q!us (stuck in ground).
to bring in a floating object wit', a square kMEwulx"-.
pole kak'iitsEma. timbers k'!ek!Ewulx^un.
1462 ETHNOLOCiY OF TllK KWAKIUTL llilll. ANN. 35
squeeze, to q!wcsa. stone tIesEra.
in, to qEta. lEk!aa(Ne).
out, to xix'tslod (xik-- to strii) and wood, pile of tieqwap.
off). dagger nEbayu, i-axstala.
squid bones daplEndzo. stop, to gwa-, wula, wala, gwayakMilla.
sqiiirrel titminas. crying L!EX-ala.
squirt out of moutli, to sEtbEX"-. flood stops rising q!6q!waqo.
to tslEtx'-. speaking qlwela.
stab with knife, to ts'.Exwa. storm yogwa.
staging q!El-, qaq!a-, k'lagil. stout pEnia.
stake, to XEnyas straddle, to gax^En.
stand, to sing. Lax"-. straight ;iEqa.
pi. q!wa-. straighten out a bend, to, an clastic ob-
apart tsaq-. ject dzakwa.
on(?) LEnqaia. streak kQsxala.
on edge k'.ox^wid. red —s on body gwaxa.
in row dEnx"-. — when washing body wepa.
haqowenekala. stretch out, to LEta, Llaq-.
standing water q!6-. stretch rope, to doxwa.
star t!6t!6. out, make room sa, dzeka.
starfisli gadzEq. {See cross.) leg dzekwa.
start (canoe), to sap-, sEpa, LEx-'ed. ——
• skins klika.
starve, to pox'^id.
strew on, to q!upa.
stay, to LElai^a.
strike with fist, to mixa.
with gwagwatala.
strike something on water, canoe k'lqa.
at home amlex"-.
strike together, to kMEqaxsdEudalaplaaway XEk'Ia.
over night xa^ma. with' weapon klelaka.
inform xak'lala. fist got!a.
steal, to g iloL. waves qui-.
steam, to nEk'a, q!6ia, k!a}a. with sticks xusa.
steelhead-salmon gExwa. with round thing lEsa.
steep tseta. branches with hands LEqElgas.
stem of plant yisx'En. string quLa.
stench k ixula. string tegwelEm.
step on, to t!cpa. string up, to tetEx"bala.
over a log, to gax"sEq!End. bow qata.
step-father a^watso^. {See avi-.) strip off, to X ikala, qEmxala.
step-mother abatsd-. {Sec ab-.) striped mas-.
stern-seat of canoe latlEXLe^. strips, in wiweIxs.
stern first, to go hE^x^dzBgEmaia, strong 16k"-.
gwama-. stye LlElto.
stick on, to LlEnx'^id, kldta. suck, to kliimta.
out xweta. shaman sucks disease k' !6xwa.
sticky qlEnkwa, qianqa.
suddenly odax'^id.
stiff L!axa, i-eguLela, i.Emxwa.
LEmqa. suffer, to lalaxwila.(to set)
commit qlulegila.
stingy awElqlas.
suicide, to
stir, to quqiugala. summer heEnx.
move xemglls. summer-seat awaqwe^.,
ripple gol-. sun LlesEla.
a fluid xweta. supernatural power ^nsAwalak".
stomach of halibut moqCda. supper goltala.
pit of wasdE^ma. surpass, to (?) mayai.as.
.
BOAS] VOCABULARY 14()3
surprised, to be qlayaxa (from q!c- tense, tight i.lEnk'a.
many) testicles (?) xwata, xwaxadEne.
swallow mamatekla. thank, to mola.
swallow, to nExwa. that yl-, he.
swamp naxEla. (conjunction) qa.
swan gEgoq". thick and round LEkwa.
sweep, to; to clear house ekwa, xekwa, fiat wak".
xekuldzod. • paste, fog gEnka, wulgEine.
sweetheart Lala. with — bark wax"wunO^.
swell tloxwa. thicket (?) q!Eq!anel.
swell, to bota, p6s-id, haqa. thin pEl-.
swim, to ma. , slim wil-, Llayak'a.
gElqa (Kos). thine qosa, hosa.
swing, to xwex^id. think, to sEna.
this yii-, ga-.
this side gwas-.
tail of porpoise k itslExsde. thorough (?) ^nakwe^sta.
fish tslasne^. thou so.
take, to ax-, da, sEnx- (?). thought of; referred to gwE^yo.
with tongs kMipa. thread qianyu.
down tiEk"-. threaten, to genala. nala.
by side tetEgEnod. three yudux".
spoon out of box tsEg(ults!6d). throb, to tEmlEla.
• out LEX"-. (a boil) tEkula.
with hands xamax'ts!ana. throw down flat thing, to pElk'a.
fish out of water klulsa. long thing sEpa.
fish off line k!usa. roimd thing, stone ^nEpn.
up stones tsekulis (?). away (things that are of no further
off roof x'Esaxod. use) tslEqa.
hold (?) qlwalxo-. with sling yinkMa.
take oft blanket, to x'etod. throw down salmon, to; to count mats,
take care yaLla. blankets k' lEqa.
talk, to dEntEla. into fire t!axts!ala, tslaxLala.
gwagwex's^ala. sweepings out of house k'!at.
talkative, to be k-at!ala(?). on, to spread over gEX"sEq!End.
tallow yEx"SBme^. anchor q!Elsa, qlElstEnd.
tallow-eater (?) gogulbEtslala. stones lEk'a (game).
tangled xol^id. thrush wax"waxole, tsoplale.
rope qlEkMplsa, qlaq'.EL'Ejra, ts!e- thumb qoma.
tslaso^. thumping noise kunwata.
tapering fingers hewagEmx'tsIana. thunder kunxwa.
taste, to plEqa. thus gwe-
taut ts'.asa. thwart LEX'Exse.
tear a flat thing, to k' lopa. tide x'atsla.
off k!6dz6d, kwapod. maker waoyakila.
to pieces k!ulk!ulps%la (Ne). tie, to yiL-.
calico, mat qwapa. with half hitch maxuyid, mokwa.
in strips quLEm- string on k'lElk'a.
off xwasodala. hands held bark kMatsleg'e'.
up Llokwa. around qExa.
tears gwassm. mat to back qaqak'En.
teaze, to meLa. around qlepen-.
tell, to nela. on q!us-.
ten nEqa. with knot jj^q'.udzEmklind.
!
1464 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IKTII. ANN. 35
tight, closed up ilm-. turn, inside out Llepa.
tight, tense LlEnk'a. up ends i.losnak'Blis.
covered entirely amxa. away face in shame LEmsa.
tilt hollow vessel, to qoqwa, qoqwaLa- twelve gag'iwala, giig'iwala (?)
mas, q!6xwa, qoqwa, tseta. twenty maltsEmgusta.
tired qElk'a. twice malplEn.
toilet-sticks de^xsdano. twilled SEWElk".
to-morrow lEnsa, lEnsLa. twining xweme-.
Tongas adaxEnesEla. twins LlaLla^yatsle.
tongs tslesLala, kMipLalaa. mother of yikwil.
tongue kMilEm. name of yayixwe.
to put out Elq%va. twist, to mEt-, mEl-, sElpa-, SElqwa,
tooth gig'ii. k- IIlpBla.
torch bExot. off q!wap, q!wequla.
touch, to Labala, nExsta^ya. to pieces p!6qwa.
each other xaLala. twisted box k!wex"sEmala, sElxsEraala.
tough LasL!Exdz6, tslExa, tlEmk". twitch, to mEta.
tow, to dapa. two ma^l.
towards gwa, gwagw-, gilyinx-. U
towel dedEg'Eyo.
trail tiEXila. ulna barbata dodEgwig'e^.
travel by canoe, to mElexEla. unassailable nenas^id.
over land tsleqwa. uncle q!ule.
treasure, to find a Logwe. uncles wi^womp. {See aw-.)
tree los. uncoil, to dzakwa.
tremble, to xunala. uncover, to 16s-id, letled, xamaklin'-
triangular k'!6k!uln6s. ga^lil.
tribe g'oktilot, lelqwalaLe^. under bEn.
trickle down, bo tsex'axEla. understand, to a^yosEla.
troll, to dokwa. undress, to xEnx'^id, lota,
trolling hook galodeyu (Kos). uneasy, to be nanox^wid, goMala.
line of hair magaanowe. unfinished (paddle) XEtsla.
trouble tsenaxula. unfold, to daWd.
trouble oneself, to qIayaqEla (q!e- unmixed, pure sayoqwa.
many). unripe, raw k'lElxa.
trout gola. unsteady (canoe) k' !Enwala.
try, to guna. untie, to max-, gata, gudEsgEmd, qwela.
one's strength gwanL-. unusual o^mis.
• one's luck wawuldzowa. up ek'
out oil sEmk'a. river ^nal-, ^ueI-.
tub, wash— malatslEs. upset, to qEp-, qapa.
tuck in, to dzopa, gaplsqa. urethra gllxas, Lladzaxs (Ne).
between gipa. urinate, to, man k' lilqa.
tumble into water (seal), to Licxsta. woman asa.
turmoil Leaanalag'ilitsum. urine kwiitsle,
turn, to mEl-.
head mElsEla.
right side up taxa-, gwc-sta. vain, in wul-.
back qlwaqwala. vaccinium globulosum ki
around x'ilpa. vagina ^na^x".
• over xwela. vanish, to hak!*a.
lexa. vanquished yalaso'.
head away loxwa. vein of leaf, ridgs tiEnx-
. . .
BOAS J VOCABULARY 1465
very Loma, XEnLEla. weir for salmon Lawayo, ^mE^we.
vetches k' !ak' laqwama well! wii.
viburnum tiEls. well eg'ak".
virgin kle^yala. wet LEX^ed, k'.unqa.
visible, salmon is in clear water through Laqa.
qlulbaltala. wet, to mslx^und.
visit, to qeia. whale gwek"-.
vomit, to hoqwa. dried —meat momx"sEm.
vulva ^na-x". what ^mas.
where ^wi-
W whisper, to opa.
wade, to ta. whistle, to LEx'ixsa, peL-.
wail, to qlwapa, ^laq"-, q!6mala, leI. steamer whistles hoxwa.
gwa^l^id white ^mEla.
waist qsnas. {See qEs.'-.) (bone) momx^un.
wait, to olala, esEla. spotted body p!6k!un.
for something awElq-. hot mEnl-.
walk, to qasa, tox"-. man mamaia.
on four feet gila. who angwa.
up river nEx^usta. whole SEn, sagEna (?).
on rock nEk'Elala. wide and broad ^wadzo.
about qluname^stala. wide and round lexa.
walking-place g'ayagas. width of flat hand Laxdsn.
want, to be in laluxwila. wife gEg'-.
war wina. fellow— daginol.
warm oneself, to tElts-. wild lawis.
warn, to hayoLlala. wind, cold yoya.
warning cry, birds utter amalsla. wind around, to qExa.
wart tlEmse^. up, to klilk-.
wash, to ts!6x"- gus^id (Ne). windpipe pets'.Exo^.
hands tslEnkwa. wing kama.
with urine kwasa. winkle gilayu.
washed in wolf's dung as protec- winter tslawunx.
tion hadzEk". wipe, to dil.
wasp nest hamdzatsle. wise wusdala (Kos).
watch, to qla^la, q!aq!ala, qlagEmala, wish, to ^nek'.
doqwa, hagw(ala). some one to die, to curse hiln-
water ^wap. kw(a).
water lily le^wa^yasa tslawe ( =beaver's witchcraft eqa, es^aqa.
mat), with Los.
water-logged (canoe) lak'ala. wither, to xulsa.
water-tight amxa. (See am-.) withered leaves, berries LEqiEms.
wave gElef withes, cedar— dEwex.
waxwing k' laakledEXLii (=flatknot on wolf aLanEm.
head), xwaxwelek' !a (trying to throw on
weak lEkwaia, waoyatslila, hale, back viz. deer); wiwaq", nun, oleg'iu,
weary, to grow psk' !ala. aLolenox".
weave mat, to k'lEta, yipa. wolverene naLle.
in broad strips gadzEqala. woman tslEdaq.
weaving-frame for blanket, cape tlEnax- wonder, to lEkiimqIus (=weak).
tol. wood, a tough- tslax'ins.
wedge Lanut, LEm"ka. wood, fire— lEqwa.
-bag q!waats!e, Ladatsle. drift wood qlexaLa.
1466 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL IkTH. ANN. 35
woodpecker (Gardner's) LaLanait. wren xwatla, kwHka (New).
woods qlwaxolkwala. wriggle through, to x ilx'ilklutlEyu (?).
woodworm yaqwe. wrinkle, to qlslxa.
woof of basket xwem. wrinkled mouth lEnbELlExo^.
wool plalEni.
word waldEm, pi. waldEm.
work, to ya-, maos-id (Ne). year, next apsEyinx. {See tips-.)
in wood g'Eta. yellow Llexa.
worm qla^awe. yellowish moqwa.
wrap, to q'.Enep-. yew-tree L!Emq!a.
around sa (?). yield, to lE^laex^ed.
around in hand sax'tslanala, youngest child ima^inxe^. {See ilma-.)
qlwequla. youth hMa.
wrapped behind a man, blanket t'.ets!- Z
Exsdaia.
wrecked (canoe) iak' !a. zigzag waileqayaLa.
XII. CRITICAL REMARKS
While a full critical discussion of the material contained in the
present volume must be reserved for another occasion, it seems desu'-
able to add a few remarks which indicate its character and value from
the points of view of contents and form. The method of collection
and the evidence for the reliability of the material as such were
briefly set forth in the introduction. On the whole, discrepancies
are so few in number and tho period of recording is so long that the
information as such evidently deserves full confidence. Further-
more, wherever I have been able to check it with my own inquiries
among various individuals belonging to various tribes, I find the
agreement quite satisfactory.
The phonetic rendering of the material is not quite what it should
be. The wTiter is so inconsistent in the use of accents and ciuantities
that for all the records made in later years I have dispensed entirely
with accents. All the material recorded before 1901 was read to me
and corrected according to the reading. For some time after this
year I added accents according to my knowledge of the language, but
since the clear memory of the pronunciation gradually weakened, I
preferred to omit accents altogether rather than trust to my judg-
ment.
In the reproduction of sounds there are a few difficulties. The
difference between voiced sounds and fortes is not always recognized
by Mr. Hunt. The sounds 6 and p!, d and t!, g' and k' !, g and Ic!,
g and ([!, l and l!, ds and ts! are often confused, particularly the two
last-named pairs. Whenever I call Mr. Hunt's attention to these
sounds he distinguishes them clearly, and I have sent him long vocabu-
laries with doubtful sounds which he has corrected, and these correc-
tions are undoubtedly valid. It is not necessary to quote examples
from lus texts to illustrate this point, because these errors appear
throughout the whole period, although they are much more frequent
in the early years than in the later ones. During the first few years
voiceless and voiced sounds were also sometimes confused.
The distinction between x' , .x", and x is also uncertain. The transi-
tion of X into ^n, of x'* into ^w, and of x into ^x before certain sufRxes
makes the distinction of these sounds possible whenever appropriate
forms are found. I have tried to correct these sounds accordingly.
In a few cases the discovery of such changes was made after the first
part of the book was in print, so that there are a number of inconsist-
encies of this kind in the text.
1467
1468 ETHKOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [etu. ann. 36
Mr. Hunt found it most difficult to WTite the combination ^x", which
is found in his texts generally in the form aox, because the u position
of the iabalized / is synchronous with the x. Since the combination
aox occurs also in a number of words, there is a doubt sometimes what
is meant.
The vowels e and i, and o and u, are equivalent and must be con-
sidered each pair as the same sound, the character of which is deter-
mined by the accompanying consonants. On the other hand, e and d
are undoubtedly distinct from c and o. This distinction appears
clearly in a number of grammatical forms. I do not believe that the
distinction has been consistently made by Mr. Hunt.
Much uncertainty prevails in regard to £ and a. Particularly in
the composition of we and wa I am always imcertain whether we
should read u or wa. Individually and dialectically there is much
variation in regard to the pronunciation of these sounds. Neverthe-
less, the two are undoubtedly distinct, but I have not been able to
determine in every case which is the right sound.
In all cases where a Iabalized A- sound precedes a vowel Mr. Hunt
prefers tvs to u. He wTitcs, for instance, _(/w£ rather than gu. I find
that in my own records collected in 1900 I used both methods of
WTiting, apparently differing according to the individual informant.
In Mr. Hunt's wTitings the same is true in the case of the diphthong au,
for which he prefers ew as in ^UEwalak^ or ^nawalak'^ rather than
^naualak^.
Certain grammatical mannerisms appear in the texts, sometimes
continued over a fairly long period of time and changing from year to
year. In the texts which I collected myself from other informants
and which were published in the Columbia University Contributions
to Anthropology, Volume II (Kwakiutl Tales), the subject, when a
definite common noun without possessive pronoun, is almost always
introduced by -eda. Mr. Hunt uses in certain periods of his WTiting
almost always the form -a instead of -eda. In my text this form is
very rare. At still other times he uses -xa, which is the pronominal
element for the object and for the apposition. In many cases this
form is evidently wrong, while in others it may be explained and
accepted in the sense that the subject is conceived as an apposition.
I am under the impression that in the dialects north of Fort Rupert
this usage occurs rather frequently, although I am not certain that
this explains Mr. Hunt's temporary mannerism.
From time to time other errors appear, as, for instance, the use of
verbal forms in -a after the conjunctional qa, which should always
be followed by an -e in the verbal suffix. Uncertainties regarding the
final vowels -a, -e, -e^, -a'ya and -d, -6, -o^we, -oHje, dye' appear in
almost all parts of the text.
A few definite examples in regard to these matters are given in the
following lines.
——
IIUAS] XII. CRITICAL REMARKS 1469
In answer to specific incjuiries, Mr. Hunt has given the following
forms as correct:
1. Wa, la^Iae yaqlEg'a^la qlulyakwe As soon, it is said, as the time beating was
bEgwanEma. at an end they sang the song. In the
Wa, la^lae yaqlEga^Jeda q!ulyakwe former sentence tsaxala is object, in
begwanEma, the latter subject. In the former the
Then, it is said, spoke the old (absent, subordinate clause is not introduced.
in\dsible) man. The second form In the latter it is introduced by -xs and
points out the subject more emphatic- the time sequence is emphasized.
4. La dEnx^ededa bEgwanEm
ally.
The (near, visible) man sang.
2. Lasm ^nEx^untses LlEntsEme La dEnx^edxa bEgwanEma.
^nEx^ilna'ya. The (absent, invisible) man sang. In
LaEm ^nEx^iindEses LlEntsEme
this and the following the subject must
^nEx^iina^ya. be conceived as apposition.
Now he put on his bearskin blanket. The La dEnx^ed yixa bEgwanEme^.
second form is more emphatic in regard The (pointed out) man sang.
to time sequence(?). 5. Wii, laEm^lae hewiixa xjsledaxa
3. Wii, gil^Em^lawise qlulbaxa tsaxala gokwe.
laa^lase dEnx^edEsa qlEmdeme. Wa, laEm^lae hewiixa x^is^ededa
Wii, gil^Em^lawise qlulbeda tsaxalaxs gokwe.
laa^lase dEnx^etsa qlsmdEme. Then the house never disappeared.
The original manuscripts of the data published here and in Vol-
umes III, V, and X of the Publication of the Jesup North Pacific Expe-
dition and m the Kwakiutl Tales, Columbia University Contributions
to Anthropology, have been deposited in the Library of Columbia
University.
On account of the variation in phonetic wTiting and in grammatical
form which occur from time to time, it seems necessary to give a
chronological table of the order in which the manuscripts were
received.
The following abbreviations have been used: C for Columbia
University Contributions to Antltropology, Volume II, Kwakiutl
Tales; HI, V, X, for Volumes III, V, X, of the Publications of the
Jesup North Pacific Expedition. All other references refer to page
and line of the present volume: 620.1, for instance, means page 620,
line 1.
Series I. ^Material Collected 1899-1901
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
(1-622)... . (Published in III) 663-693... .620.1-637.25
SerIes II. Material Collec ed in 19
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
(1-39) (Published in C) 75-84 705.1-710.3
40-49 644.1-648.18 (85-107) (Pubhshed in C)
50-55 603.1-605.65 (108-472) (Published in X)
(56-74) (Published in X) 473-479 1279.1-1282.70
—
1470 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL [ETH. ANN. 35
Series III. Material Collected 1903-1904
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
l'-659' Published in C and 907'-912' 231.1-234.54
X, also including 913''-917' 329.1-331.43
Nootka Traditions 91S'-924' Not pubUshed
in English 925'-927' 238.1.5-239.40
6r)9'-685' English 927'-933' 350.1-353.52
685'-718' Not published 933'-934' 612.79-613.88
719'-721' 309.19-310.35 934'-937' 239.1-240.27
722'-726' 315.1-316.34 937'~943' 346.1-348.57
727'-728' V429 943'-945' 234.1-235.20
728'-731' 316.1-317.21 945'-953' :'31. 1-334. 72
731'-732' V429 953'-955' 237.1-238.14
732'-733' 317.22-318.32 955'-957' 342.1-343.27
734'-735' 308.1-309.18 958'-959' 235.1-235.14
736'-737' 309.15-309.18 959'-966' 339.14-342.82
738'-743' 318.1-319.36 967'-968' 235.1-236.16
743'-746' 236.17-237.46 968'-971' 343.28-344.50
746'-751' 322.1-323.27 971'-975' 344.1-346.36
752'-754' 225.1-226.16 975'-980' 334.1-336.45
754'-766' V 430-433 and 323.1 981' Not published
325.40 982'-985' 336.1-338.42
766'-771' 227.1-228.38 985'-98G' 338.1-339.13
771'-777' V 433-135 987'-990' 353.1-354.38
777'-778' 325.1-325.8 990'-995' 355.1-357.52
778'-779' 223.1-223.10 996'-1011' V 472-480
779'-781' 226.1-227.33 1011'-1030' 241.1-249.71
781'-784' V 435^36 1030'-1034' 357.1-359.42
784'-785' 325.9-326.20 1034'-1042' 249.71-252.33
785'-788' V 436, 437 1043'-1091' 360.1-379.39
788'-790' 326.20-327.38 1091' V480
791'-S20' Not published 1091'-1096' V 332-333
821'-825' 229.1-230.36 1096'-1102' V 480^82
825'-843' V 437-443 1102'-1131' 379.1-391.24
843'-845'. -. 312.1-312.21 1131'-1133' 253.1-253.21
845'-847' V 427, 428 1134'-1137' 391.25-393.62
847' 312.21-313.26 1138' 185.13-186.18
848'-857' 305.1-318.81 1139'-1141' 292.1-293.22
857'-862' 223.11-225.47 1141'-1142' 483.1-484.18
862'-868' 319.1-322.56 1142'-1147' 293.23-295.67
869'-870' 1148'-1152'313.27-313.38 Not pubUshed
1153'-1156'
870'-874' 514.1-515.34310.1-311.36
1156'-1158' 295.68-296.85
875'-876' 302.1-302.13
1158'-1159' 515.1-516.12
876'-877' 609.1-609.8
1159'-1162'. ......184.1-185.24
877'-880' 303.14-304.47 1162'-1166' 254.1-255.32
881'-882' 609.10-610.20 1167'-1181' 422.13-428.56
882'-885' 313.1-315.33 1181'-1182' 195.1-196.13
886'-888' 230.1-231.25 1182'-1199' 517.1-524.47
889'-892' 327.1-328.31 1200'-1203' 516.13-517.41
892'-893' 241.28-241.42 1203' 428.57-428.60
893'-896' 328.32-329.56 1304'-1329' Not published
896'-902' 610.21-612.78 1330'-1334' 1298-1299
902'-907' 348.1-350.4 1342'-1344' 1293
—
BOASl XII. CRITICAL REMARKS 1471
Series IV. ^Material Collected in 1908
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
192-196 152.1-154.37 535-536 '.%U. 28-615.43
196-198 185.1-185.13 536-557 474 36-483.69
199-204 V 483-485 557-558 154, 1-154.18
204-211 405.l-i08.67. 558-573 488 1-494.4
211-222 393.1-397.97 573-581 163 1-166.75
222-230 V 376-387 581-591 494 1-498.88
231-232 613.1-614.15 592-610 499 1-506.51
233-236 V 388-389 611-613 150 1-151.21
236-239 181.1-183.36 613-619 506 1-509.18
239-243 408.1-409.36 620-630 484.19-488.55
243-250 V 485^88 630-634 509, 19-510.52
250-258 397.1-400.68 635-637 155 ,19-156.45
258-261 400.1-402.35 638-646 510,,1-514.78
261-263 402.1-403.29 646-649 498 1-499.19
263-268 403.1^05.43 649-654 159, 1-160.41
269-272 617.1-618.29 654-659 161, 42-162.86
273-285 V 350-355 660-662 183 ,1-184.20
286-290. . •. V 324-325 662-668 410,,1^12.65
290-293 109.17-111.46 669-670 413. 66-413.83
293-336 V 355-367 670-671 157. 1-157.11
295 615.44-615.49 672-680 413. 1-418.91
317-318 615.50-616.59 681-684 157. 12-158.49
336-339 173.1-174.35 684-690 178. 1-181.62
339-343 441.1-442.33 690-698 418. 1-421.82
343-351 428.1-432.84 699-704 146. 1-148.57
351-361 432.1-436.94 704-711 115. 1-118.56
361-371 436.1-441.48 711-720 134 1-138.58
371-377 443.15-446.19 720-723 142 16-143.11
377-378 443. 1-443. 14 723-729 186. 1-188.60
379-384 102.1-104.52 729-750 527 1-534.31
385-387 143.12-144.38 751-768 188. 1-193.96
387-398 120.15-125.15 765-766 618, 1-619.10
399-401 .-. . . .125.1-127.36 768-773 166 1-167.32
401^03 109.1-109.17 773-775 193. 97-194.27
403-411 127.37-130.38 775-799 535 1-544.11
411-419 94.1-97.85 791a-792a 194 1-195.11
420-421 120.1-120.14 792a-796a 557, 1-559.46
421-423 93.1-94.23 797a 195 12-195.28
423-430 98.12-101.40 799a-802 524 1-526.35
431-436 57.1-59.60 803-804 196 14-197.31
437-457 V 496-504 804-807 526. 1-527.21
457^65 446.1-450 807-809 197 1-198.22
466 750.4-750.8 809-823...'. 544 1-550.26
466-467 608.23-609.32 824-828 198 1-200.42
467^68 V501 828-837 550 1-553.35
469^70 608.15-608.22 838-842 149 1-150.42
469-477 174.1-178.91 843 139 18-139.22
477-520 451.1-470.46 843-845 200 1-201.22
479-480 607.9-608.14 845-856 553. 1-557.96
520-522 151.22-152.36 857-858 619 15-619.28
522-534 470.1-474.35 857-863 130 1-132.42
— ——
1472 ETHNOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL |ETH. ANN. 35
Series IV. Material Collected in 1908—Continued
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
863-864 139.1-140.8 1101-1104 754.1-755.28
864-867 144.1-146.33 1104-1109 581..35-583.16
867-874 201.1-203.55 1109-1118 296.1-300.82
874-926 60.1-81.72 1119 216.1-216.2
926-928 203.56-204.72 1119-1122 118.1-119.29
928-939 560.1-564.23 1122-1124 138.1-139.17
940 204.1-204.31 1124-1128 216.3-218.44
940-942 155.1-155.18 1129-1140 281.1-285.97
942-944 204.3-205.23 1140-1167 82.1-92.42
944-955 255.1-260.11 1167-1179 755.1-760.10
955-963 167.1-171.86 1179-1185 300.1-302.55
964-967 260.12-262.55 1186-1189 583.17-585.51
967-970 132.1-134.34 1189-1192 585.1-586.25
971-973 262.55-263.79 1192-1193 211.1-211.6
973-982 564.24-569.19 1193-1196 140.17-141.42
983-988 205.1-207.53 1196-1199 211.7-212.33
988-1000 264.1-269.14 1199-1201 760.1-761.22
1001-1002 59.61-60.78 1202-1219 586.1-593.55
1002-1017 269.1-275.38 1220-1228 213.1-214.73
1017-1025 569.1-572.29 1228-1234 286.1-288.45
1026-1030 208.1-209.37 1234-1237 171.1-172.27
1030-1043 275.1-281.25 1237-1242 288.45-289.88
1044 .572.1-572.4 1242-1275 762.1-775.55
1044-1054 104.1-108.98 1276-1283 593.1-596.38.
1054-1055 572.1-572.5 1284-1288 218.1-219.39
10.55-1061 751.1-754.82 1288-1295 290.1-292.33
1061-1079 572.6-580.68 1295-1297 775.1-776.22
1079-1089 111.1-115.90 1298-1300 220.1-221.26
1089-1091 140.9-142.15 1300-1302 596.1-.597.16
1091-1092 607.3-607.8 1303-1304 221.1-222.25
1091-1097 209.1-211.40 1305-1315 597.17-601.10
1097-1101 580.1-581.34
Series V. ^Material Collected in 1916
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
1-19 1080.1-1089.83 47 Not published
19-30 649.1-653.8 48-153 891.1-938.11
30-38 1089.88-1093.72 154-^42 951.1-1073.38
39^1 653.9-654.33 443-446 793-794
41-43 60G.1-607.29 446-150 1296-1298
44-16 655.34-655.57
Series VI. Material Collected aiter 1916
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
1-115 836.1-891.41 430^32 693.43-694.67
116-120 Not pulilished 433 Not published
121-140 733.1-742.89 434-437 1246.55-1248.91
141' Not published 437-440 1221.1-1222.30
141-315 1179.1-1246.54 441-501 1121.1-1147.78
316-337 1301-1315 502-538 820.1-835.44
337-430 656.1-699.53 539-543 795-801
—
BOAS] XII. CKITICAL REMARKS 1473
Series VI. Material Collected after 1916—Continued
Manuscript. Printed page. Manuscript. Printed page.
543 835.45-835.49 947-950 782.1-784.27
544-547 Not published 951-962 788.1-793.29
547-562 1073.1-1080.41 951'-962' Not published
563 Not published 963-1158 Not published
564-566 785.21-786.50 1159-1166 702.1-705.69
567-569 Not publislied 1167'-1172' Not published
570-600 938.1-951.79 1167-1183 637.1-644.47
600'-606 802.1-804.59 1184-1223 Not published
607-681 1147.1-1179.67 1224-1227 1317.1-1318.37
682-739 1093.1-1117.84 1228-1241 Not published
739-742 779.1-780.26 1242-1295 1363.1-1385.6
743-749 699.1-702.56 1297-1320 1348.1-1358.23
749-757 776.1-779.64 1321-1352 Not published
758-760 Not published 1353'-1360' Not published
761-796 713.1-728.16. 1353-1360 1359.1-1362.72
797-832 805.1-S20.S1 1361-1370 Not published
832-841 1117.1-1121.88 1371-1382 1333.1-1338.6
842-847 784.1-787.35 1383-1392 Not published
842'-855' Not published 1392-1.397 1329.1-1331.45
848-886 1263. 1-1277. 69 1397-1398 1358.24-1359.38
856'-869' ]2.';6. 1-1260.22 1399-1405 1386.1-1388.65
870'-880' Not published 1405-1411 1345.1-1348.63
881'-898' 742. 1-749.59 1411-1412 1344.92-1.345.100
899'-902' Not published 1413-1416 1331.1-1333.37
900-904 Not published 1417-1421 1327.1-1329.43
905-910 781.1-782.40 1422-1433 1318.1-1324.15
911-912 Not published 1434-1436 Not published
913-916 728.1-729.31 1437-1442 1324.16-1327.67
917-919 Not published 1442-1446 Not published
920-927 729.32-733.2 1447 1338.7-1338.14
928-940 Not published 1447-1455 1340.1-1344.91
941-947 1290-1292 1455-1460 1338.15-1340.64
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2 44

INDEX
Page. Cannibal—Continued. Page.
Abalone names 1267, 1275 e.xcitement of 1070
of the Awiklenox", origin ol 1261 head-mask 1174
oftheGwa^sEla, origin of 1269 mask 1148
Abalone shells 1069, 1262, 1272 pacified 1071, 1073
Advisors— Rivers Inlet ceremony of 1176
supernatural 1131 Cannibal-at-North-End-of-World 856
invisible 1123, 1127 Cannibal-dance 848, 850, 856,
Assembly 92S , 975 860, 895, 909, 917, 929, 935, 1000, 1001,
ofcluefsofnumayms 907 1004, 1006, 1017, 1018, 1035, 1374
of numaym 891, introduction among Naklwax'da'X" 1011
898,938, 978, 981, 987,994, 1005,1029, put away permanently 862
1031 , 1037, 1042, 1064, 1083, 1091, 1360 Cannibal-dancer 959, 982, 1007, 1081, 1084
of tribe 1012, 1363-1364, 1377 and companions 1237
of tribe after death 1087 attendants of 848
Attendants— eats feast 855
of Caimibal 856, 861 pacification of 937
of dancer 848,873 performance of. 1008, 1010
Awik-JEnox", origin of Abalone names of 1261 purification of 1009
Bait fok halibut fishing 1320 slave killed for 1017
Bathing, for purification 1123 Cannibal masks 1000
Baton, death-bringing 1216 Cannibal-pole 856
Baxubakwalanuxusiwe^ 1222 Cannibal spirit 1209
Beaver dish 806, house of 1224, 1233
811, 814, 815, 818, 840, 962, 1040, 1349 killed 1230-1233
Begging dance 856 Cannibal tamer 1081, 1084
Beliefs— Cannibal ^vhistle 1070
regarding food caught by deceased per- Canoes—
son 1330 as tribute to chief 1338
regarding stones in stomach of halibut. . . 1324 four, in marriage ceremonial 1004
Berry-cakes, as tribute to chief 1337 self-paddling 1221, 1222
Bird-dance 876, S77 war, preparation of 1369
Birds, carvings of 807, 810 wooing 1029, 1051, 1065
Birth— Carvings 856, 1119
gifts four days after 841-842 bird 807, 810
of a cliild, announced to grandparents . . . 877 crane 810
Blankets- eagle 805,810
counting of 1055, 1067-1068 grizzly-bear 805, 806, 856
given in feast 1062 representing men ' 814
Blood money 1362,1378 wolf 820, 856, 1119
Blood revenge 1359-1362 Cedar-bark—
Blue-Grouse, as giver of supernatural power 1093 red and white 1005-1006
Bluejay, carries back men from spirit coun- rings of, for nonlEm 1035
try 1120-1121 white, burnt for purification 1173
Bracelets, copper 937 Cedar-bark, red. . . S49, 856, 867, S68, 1004, 1018, 1155
Brother, younger, rights of 1355 tor speaker in Winter ceremonial 899
Bullhead dish 813, 816, 818 head ring of 850, 1154, 1197
Burial 973, 1087 neck ring of 874, 1071
tree 1120 represented on housepost 805
Burnt-Point 1139 worn by shaman 1217
Camas 893 Ceremonial—
Cannibal 1208 Cannibal 1167
attendants of 856, 861 of Comox 892
ceremonial 1167 See also Winter ceremonial.
dances of 1240 Ceremonial number. See Four.
1475
1
1476 INDEX
Page. Dance—Contmued. Page.
Charcoal, for painting lace 899 Land-otter 1031
Chief— Mosquito 103
festival after death of 1088, 1091-1092 Mouse 1018
leaves his tribe 863 Nolem 834
of Sparrow society 1152 Nonlem 1031-1037
potlatch property given to 878 of Chiefs daughter 979, 995, 998
relation of, to tribe 1273-1277, 133S-1344 of Princess 1026, 1049-1050
titles of 1354-1355 Potlatch 898
tribute to 1333-1344 Raven 1374
young men work for 1043 Salmon 895
Chief fool dance 966 Scattering 1035
CHIEFTAmESS DANCE 1148 Shaman 1004, 1005, 1018, 1019
Child— Speaker 898
illegitimate 1075, 1094, 1106 Thrower 965, 1035
ton months old, painting of 933 Wasp 1158-1159
Children— Sec also Caimibal; Fire; Ghost; Grizzly-
divided in separation 895 bear: H£lmsh&mts;!£s; Rich-woman;
singeing of hair of 825, 827 War; Winter.
uninitiated 919 Dance h—ouse, speakers of 1161CiNQUEFOiL ROOT, as tribute to chief 1335-1337 Dancer
Comb 1224 attendants of 873
CoMox 895 cut into pieces 1143, 1145
ceremonial of 892 substitute for 1034
marriage with 951 transformation of 875
Contest between men of supernatural. Dancers, cruel 1158-1159
POWER 113^1147 Danong-apron 873, 874
Copper, bracelets of 937 Dancing-house 870
Coppers 856, Death—
861, 883, 881, 889, 890, 903, 964, burning of property after 1329, 1330
969, 1021, 1072, 1079, 1083, 1087, caused by shame 1103
1088, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1351, disposal of property after 1329-1331
1352. water poured out after 13.30
breaking of 822, 1115-1117 Decapitation in war 1015
painted on house front 805 Dentai.ia 1035
price of 1024, 1026 Devil-fish, used as bait 1320
sale of 1115 Dishes. See Beaver; Bullhead; Double-
Corpse, used in ceremonial dances 1008-1009 headed serpent; Dzonoqiwa; Eagle; Griz-
COCNTING of BLANKETS 1055 zly-bear; House-dishes; Killerwhale; Qolos;
Crane carvings 810 Seal; Pealion; Sea-monster; Sea-otter; Thun-
Crest box 1354 derbird; Whale; Wolf.
Cruel dancers 1158-1159 Dog—
Customs— hair of 1317
regarding blood of halibut 1324 skin taken off of 1256
regarding breath of warriors 1366, 1372 Dogs, protectors against enemies and witch-
regarding fishing tackle 1323 craft 835
regarding hauling of halibut 1323 Dog-dance 895
regarding use of hemlock wreaths 1364-1365 Doorway, in form of raven 1119
regarding warriors' wives 1367 Double-headed serpent 812,820, 9.i2, 1117
Dance— carving of 805, 806, 1 1 19
Begging 856 dance 959, 1085
Bird 876, 877 dish 805, 849, 901, 1023, 1025
Chief fool 966 mask of 953
Chieftainess 1148 painting of .>... 1349
Dog 895 representation of 816
Double-headed serpent 959, 1085 sickness produced by spearing 1118
Eagle 1004 Dream of supernatural being 946
Food , 100 Dreams 1328
Fool 1374 DZENDZEN.\*q! AYO 815
Frog 928, 935, 959 DzonoqIwa 1026,1122
Great Bear 1086
DzoNOQlWA DISH 806,807,813,814,1021,1040
Great dance from above 1085
1024
Great Fool 1086 DzonoqIwa ladle
Healing 876,877,1148 DZONOQ IWA-OF-THE-SEA DISH 816
n6xuhok» 1374 DzoNOQ !wa post 806
1
INPEX 1477
Eagle— Page. Four, the ceremonial number—Contd. Page.
as watchman 856 four songs of uonlem 1034
dance 1004 four speakers 873, 877, 962, 1081
dish 806, S14, 819 four steps, house with 954
Eagle-down 1165, 1166, 1221 four tunes bathing for purillciition 1123
used in Winter ceremonial 899 four wmter dances 966
Eagles— four winters, cannibal dancer perfor-
carved 805, 810 mance for 1017
of Kwag-ul 820-822 four winters, period of dance of cannibal. 1175
rank- of 1080 four wooing canoes 1029, 1051
Eaters, new name of Winter dance society. . 1158 four years, period of initiation 1 130
ElgOnwe' the 811,1104 Frog-dance 92S, 935, 959
Face paint 1221 Frog dancer, song of 935
Family— Frog war-dance 861,897,910,1208
histories 836-1277 Frog whistle 1070
privileges 1353, 1358 Game, as tribute to chief 1338
separation of 838 Gexsem 806,816
Father maltreats his son 1097, 1180 Gexsem, Nakhvaxda'.vu, legend of 1179
Feast 865, 991-993, 1043, 1060, 1072, 1114 Ghost-dance 897. 902, 904, 909, 906-928, 935, 959
and potlatch combined 1027 lasso of 909
blanlcets given in 1062 preparation for 906-913
house 1349 Ghost dancer 1165,1164
of chiefs Ills effect of, upon other dancers 911,917-918
name 841, 888 lassoing of 924-927
song of Neg'iidze 1291 sacred room of 922
songs 1046, 1061 , 1293 song of 915-917
Feather mountain 1221 Ghosts, cry of 911
Festival after death of chief 1088, 1091-1092 Gift, supernatural 944
Fight, sham 1051. 1056 Gifts, four days after birth of child 841-842
Fire— 0-!g IlgXm 814
in dance house 1219 Girl, driven out after illegitimate marriage. . 1098
spirits of 1209, 1331-1333 Great bear dance 1086
Fire dance 848,1001,1004,1005,1019,1070 Great dance from above 1085
Fire dancer 1081,1084 Great fool dance 1086
performance of 1010 Greeting 852
Fishtraps, as property ofnumayms 1347 form of 8.39
Flooding of house, magical 1143, 1144 Grizzly-bear-
Food dance 1000 can-ing of 805, 806, 856
Pool dance 1374 house of 1224
Fool dancers 1158-1159 painting of 806, 811
Fort Rupert 882 Grizzlt-bear-at-door-of-C annibal-at
establishment by Hudson Bay Company. 973 North-Enivof-WOKLD 856
removal to 1109 Grizzly-bear dance 856, R95, 966, 1035, 1.374
Four, the ceremoniai number- Grizzly-bear dancers 11,58-1159
four assistants of HamshamtslEs 1169 Grizzly-bear dish 805,
four canoes in marriage ceremonial 1004 806, 807, 812, 816, 849, 864. 962, 1040, 1349
four dancers 877, 892, 893, 1071 Grizzly-bear ladle 1024
four dances given in marriage 861 Grizzly-bear of the sea, split, painting of 81
four-day period ior wearing cedarbark Grizzly-bear posts 805, 806
rings in noniem 1035 Gwa^sela, origin of Abalone names of 1269
four days 818 Gwetela 8CS
lour days interval 1202 HaXnalena 812
four days, invitation lor ... : 1041 HaAtalikawe' n.ANCE 813,978
four days preparation for feast 1024 Hair—
four days, purilication after 1138 ol children, singeing of 825, .827
four days singing in ceremonial 869, .S70 of dog 1317
four heralds of .Sparrow society 1178 Hair-oil 1224
four house-dishes 805, 962 Halibut—
four invitations to Winter ceremonial 1171 belief concerning 1324
four men as messengers 1043 fisher, prayer of 1320-27
four months, novice stays away for 850 fishing, bait for 1320
four months, time of initiation of novice. 1149 methods of hauling ashore 1323
four nights, dancers disappear tor 877 HiMSHiMTSlES 876, 877, 902, 943, 947-948, 996,
four novices 1037 1132,1135,1148,1158-1159
tour slaves 969 assistants of 1 168, 1 171 , 1 ! 73
four songs for ceremonial 873, 874, 1168 bites spectators 1127
1
1478 INDEX
lliMsiiilMialEs—Continued. Page. KwAKIUTi^- Page.
ccroiuony of KwaiJ'iil 1170 removal to Fort Rupert 976-977
cry o(. 1 127, 1 150 settleat Qalo^wis 1386
dancpof.... 1000,1089,1127,1171-1172,1174-117.5 social divisions oJ 79j-«36
puridcntlon of 1172-1 17.1 KwExA 811
Harpoon, as supernatural treasure 818 KWEXAG ILA 1221
ITf.ap-ma.sk 874,1208 LaAL.\X S'ENDAYU 807
with ermine skins 8(17. 808, S7:i Land-otter dance 1034
HFAii-nmo~ LAxsX 814,1093
ofmixofi plants 119r3 Legend of Gexsem, Naklwaxda'x" 1179
of red cailar-liarli 850, 1151, 1 197 Legend of the Naxnaxu'la, QwEq»-
iriiAD-WlNTHR-DANCER 1 !22, 1138, 1141, 1147 sotlEnox" 1249
1 lEAn-wiTiioiiT-noDY 1 132, 1149, 1165, 11C9, 1171 LelegEd 820
as protector of prince 1 12'> LiSQ lEM 817
HEAns, oxiiihiteil after war 137!) Levirate 1077, 1367
HEALINO-nANCE 870, 877, 1 148 I.EWEIJIXA 1222, 1352, 1354
HSl.lKlLAl 86'J Lewelaxa ceremonul 867 875
IliM AsxnO SIC. Love-song—
llEMIOCK BRANCHICS 1144 of the dead 1036
for purinci\tion 1 128, 11 40 otTsakedck" 1301
used in ceremonial 1133,1174 retort to 1299
Heralds 1102,1170 Love songs 1298
of Winter dance 1159 LoVA LA LAWA 805
nisToRiE.i, family 83&-1277 MaAmtag ILA 806,938-951
History of the Dzendzenx-qIayo 1080 history of 891-938
host-sono 812 Madilbe, origin of 950-951
House— Magic fly 1224
as supernatural treasure 1203 MAMA Q lA 876, 877, 902
carvings of 104 Man transformed into dog 1267
given in marriage 806,954,984 MARRIAGE 1028, 1029, 1031, 1039,
of sea-monster 809 lO.W, 1063, 1079, 1080, 1085-1086, 1089, , 1100
supernatural 1131 among northern tribes 1092-1093
with tour stops 954, 960 ceremonial 1054-1058,1067
Hoi'.SK beams, payment for ia,t8-1339 debt 964,1352
HousE-DiaiiES 805,806,807,809, debt, payment of 1085,1087
81 1, 814, S15, SlCi, 840, 849, 8.SS,968, 962,991, gift 840, 843, 845, 855,
1023, 1025, 1033, 1040, 1059, 1061, 1062, 1349 860, 862, 864, 865,866,867,876,880,882,886.887,
House posts 945,1352 888, 8.S9, 894, 896, 901-902, 984, 1033, 1362-1353
payment tor 133S-1339 gift, as insult 1030
H(>X"nOK" DANCE 1374 illegitimate. 1075,1094,1097,1105,1108-1109,1111
HoX"nOK" DANCERS 1159 laws 1344-1346
HoxuHOK" POST 806 mat 1059
Hudson Uay Company, establishment of names transmitted 824
l''ort Kupert by 973 of chief prevented by tribe 977
Hunters, talicn to sea-monsters' liousc 809 payment 892, 901 , 955, 961 , 968, 969, 987
Hunting grounds, as property of nu- sham 1013
mayms 1345-1347 sham battle at 908, 1022
INUERITANCE 1113,1114,1348-1358 with the Comox 951
of Kagle seats 823 with the Nak Iwaxda'X" 1003
Initiation 850,877,904,942,959,1122-1138,1163 Married couple—
Insult— residence of 1082
potliitoli to numaym as 1030 separation of . 895,960, 1000, 1020, 1031, loas, 1348
small marriage gift as 1030 Masks 675, 1005, 1008, 1019, 1194, 1210, 1352
invisi11i.e adviser 1123,1127 burned 1198
Invitation.... 866,990, 1041, 1046, 1060, 1156-57,1170 Cannibal 1000
formal, Rivers Inlet 1179 double-headed 850
to assembly 1012 for Winter ceremonial 1178
to ceremonial 871-872 xwexwe 892, 893
to Winter ceremonial 920, 1161, 1156 Meetings, secret 1212
to Winter dance 899, 900,914 Menstruation, influence of 1173
Jealousy 1261, 1377 Me.ssenger of chief 1051
Judicial procedure, absence of 1359 Messengers 974
KlLLERWiiALE, painting of 813,817 Moon, painting of 869
KlLLERWlIALE DISH 807,809, MOSgUITO DANCE 1034
810,811,813,816,816,864,888,962,991,1349 Mosquitoes, origin of 1233
KiLLEKWHALEs, house of 817 Mountain-goat, house of 1224
KOkwakIum 808,811 Mountain goats, as tribute (o chief 1334
INDEX 1479
Pago. NuMAVMs—Continued. Page.
mouknino song fok moda'na 1292 place of origin of 795-801
m0u3e dance 1018 quarrel Ijotwcen 1121
Mouse-Woman 1163 rank of 1046
Murder 1277 relations between 1107
after death of Gwatslenox" child 1381-1385 rivers as property of 1347
by drowniing 1262 Number, ceremonial. See Four, the cere-
Naens—xaoftiie KosKrao, story of the 1256 monial number.Name OCUER 893
as marriage gift 876, 881, 882, 883, 884, 887 Oil and water mixed 1317
ceremonial 871 Oil poured into fire in feast 812
change of 1020, 1030, Olaciien 1003
1037, 1038, 1050, 1062, 1073-1075, 1095, 1096, 1104 Olala 1018, 1176
given by father 843 Painting—
given by father-in-law 842, 863 lor winter ceremonial 1165
given by supernatural being 945, 1204 of wolf 811
given i n marriage . . S38, 840, 842, 851, 856, 888, 896, Paintings-
897, 903, 940, 950, 956, 962, 969, 980, 982, 984, 988 of klllerwhale 813,817
given in potlateh 994 of sun S07
given to child 1348 of whale 811, 813, 816
given to daughtor'sson 838, on houses ofnumayms 805 820
858-859, 864, 866, 879 Parting song 1307,1309
given to son-in-law 868 Payment to wood-cabvers 1339
obtained by possession of whale 838 Pearl shells 1270
of infant 989 Pearl-Siieli;-Maker 1271
of new-born child 1089 Polygamy 897,980, 1018, 1028, 1031, 1261
of ten-months old child 897, 980, 1090 POTLATCn 841,844,863,865,866,
Name-keepers 822 869, 873,875, 877, 879, 881, 883, 887, 888, 890, 894,
Names— 901, 903, 958,063,967,970,972,974,983,985,997,
abalonc 1261, 1267, 1269, 1276 1013, 1021, 1028, 1029, 1072, 1079, 109.5, 1349, 1361
feast 841, 888 as insult 1030
from fathor'sand mother'ssides 845, 1076 assistance rendered by tribe 1340-1344
hereditary 823 dance 898
invented 1094, 1095, 1097, 1104 first, of child 993
mythological origin of 823,824 Prayer—
now 1107 of halibut llshor 1320-1327
of Kwagul eagles and numayms 820-822 of man who has been bewitched 1327-1328
put away 1354 ofsalmon fisher 1318-1319
secular 899, 903, 1084, 1085 to fire 1331-1333
winter 895, 899, 914, 1084 to halibut 1321-1322
Naxnaxu'la, QwEq"Sot!Enoxu, legend of to halibut hook 1322, 1324 1327
the 1249 to lark 1328
Neck-kings, cedar-bark 874, 1071 to trees 1327-1328
NOLEM DANCE 834 Pkimooeniture 823
NONLEM CEREMONIAL DANCE 1034-1037 Prince beaten by f.vthf.r 1122
NOVTCE— Princesses 11,55, 1173
capture of 953, 957, 966,996, 1137 Privileges—
disappearance of. 899 family 1353, 1308
house of 1149 hereditary 824
return of 1137, 1160-1165 put away 1350
stays away for four months 850 Property rights 134,5-1348
tamed 874 Purification 904, 9:)7, 942, 917, 905,
Novices 1037 1123, 1139, 1140, 1149, 1181, 1182, 1183, 1368, 1370
brought back 928 by supernatural beings 1200-1201
NUMAYM 1025 of cannibal dancer 1009
assembly of 891, QOLOs. painting of, on house 815
898,981, 1003, 1037, 1046, 1083, 1360 QfiLOS DISH 815
establishment of new 1095, 1103 QIOMK lUTlES 817
Numayms— QIOMOOWA 808, 870
Fishtraps as property of 1347 Q IOmoya'yE 811
housc-dlshesot 805,820 Quarrels, domestic 1368-13S9
hunting grounds as property of 1345-1347 Rank io78
list of 825-835 and position transferred from parent to
names ofcanoosof. 795-801 son 1089
names otchiefs of 795-801 given up by old man i:)19, 1361
names of dogs of 795-801 of numaym 1046
names of houses of 795-801 of tribes ggg
l)aintings on houses of 805-820 rise in 1113
1480 INDEX
Page. Sf.kpent. See Double-beaded serpent. Page.
Rattle .• 850, 868, 910, 1 186 Shaman 1141, 1216, 1218, 1259
Rattles, shell 8'J2 dance 1004, 100.5, 1018, 1019
Raven— dancer, performance of 1009
as doorway of house 1119 power of, transmitted to child 1076
carving of 820, 856 songs 1294-1298
dance 1374 Shells, abalone 1069, 1262, 1272
Revenge 1359-1362 Sick carried away by spirits 1118
payment for 1361 Sickness removed ry shaman 1217
Rich-woman dance 848. Slaves 856,
850, 861, 1001, 1004, 1005, IOI9 865, 866, 869, 877, 878, 880, 881, 882,
Rich-woman dancek 1081, 1084 887, 889, 890, 981, 982, 1015, 1024,
performance of 1008-1009, 1010 1027, 1039, 1040, 1042, 1094, 1104, 1374
Rich-woman whistle 1070 descendants of 1096
Ring of chief broken 1115 killed for Cannibal dancer 1017
Rings of cannibal dancek and his com- sent hunting 840
panions 1242-1243 Slow-match 1098
Rivers, as property ofnumayms 1347 Son, younger, treatment of 1097
Rivers Inlet 1202 Song keepers 1162
ceremony ofCannital 1176 Song leader 893, 1007, 1010, 1045
Winter ceremonial of 1167 Songs 1279-1315
Rock, transformation into 1147 feast 1045, 1061, 1293
Rooms, sacred. See Sacred rooms. host 812
Sacred room 869, love 1298,1301,1306
874, 1006, 1007, 1073, 1132, 1165, 1169, 1199, 1211 making Cannibal spirit sleep 1246
of Cannibal and his companions 1244-1246 mourning 1292
Sacred song of war dancer 1136 of Cannibal dancer 930-934
Sacred songs 872, of Chief's daughter 1314
874, 892, 962, 929, 936, 955, 1004, of daughter of workingman 1313
1005, 1053, 1025, 1131, 1137, 1138, 1241 of Ewanuxudze 1285
Sacrifice TO fire 1331-1333 of Ghost-dancer 915-917
Salmon, dry, as tribute to chief 1334-1335 of L'arioLas 1282
Salmon-dance 895 of Llaqwadze 1289
Salmon fisher, prayer of 1318-1319 of L!asoti5« alis 1288
Scalpimg 1016 of Menmenleqelas 1303, 1304
Scattering dance 1035 of parents 1315
Sea-monster, house of 808 of Q!umx-5d 1287
Sea-otters, in hou.se of Q!6mogT^"a 809 of Qwasila 1290
Seal 1026 of speaker 1279
distribution of, according to rank 1043 of Tse.i^wid 1286
Seal dish 809, 810, S15, 888, 991, 1023, 1349 of son of Chief 1312
Seal feast 1045-1046, 1047-1049 of warrior K-ilem 1311
tradition of 815 of winter ceremonial 1220
Seal society 1159 order of, in feast 1046-1050
Sealion dish 809,810,1033,1059 parting 1307, 1309
Sealion-stomach dish 818 rhythm of 1169, 1194, 1197
Seals— sacred 872, 874, 892, 962, 929,
as tribute to chief. 1333-1334 936,955, 1004, 1005, 1053, 1131, 1137, 1138, 1241
cooking of, in feast 1044 sacred, of war dancer 1136
Sea-monster dish 1033, 1059 secret 910
Sea-otter dish 811, 818, 888, 1033, 1059 war, of Neqaplenk-em's against the
Se.at— sanetch 1380
given up by old man 1022 workingman's 1310
of Princess 1005 Souls—
SEAT.S— of animals 1220
in order of rank of numaym 1046 of trees 1220
of tribe in feast 990-991 return, of to body 1021
Secret societies, members become e.vcited Sparrow name 949
in war 13V4 Sparrow society 905, 909,
Secret songs 910 911,917,921,936,952,997,1150,1151,1152,1161
SECtJLAR season 1025 canes of 899, 1 154, 1 156
SSnlIem 807 chief of 1163-11.54
Separation— Speakers 899, 956, 1003
marriage gifts kept after 1038 Speakers' dance 898, 1085, 1148
of married couple 895, Speaking-posts 805, 840, 945
960, 986-987, 1000, 1019, 1020, Speech, wooing 1052, 1065
1031, 1038, 1082-1083, 1348 Spinning of dog's hair 1318
INDEX 1481
Page. War—Continued. Page.
Spirit of fire.., 1209,1331-1333 decapitation in 1374
Spirits— members of secret societies become ex-
house of 1119-1120 cited in 1374
village of 1119 party, departure of 1370-1371
Spoons, as marriage gift S90, S91 to avenge insult 1014-1015
Spruce tree, twisting of, as trial of strength. 1125 Warrior 1222
Stone 1224 Warriors, return of 1374-1375
transformation into 1216 Wasp dancers 1158-1159
Story of the Lf-legede, Q!omk-!ut!es, Water and oil mixed 1317
KWAG Ut 1117 Water of life 1237
Story of the naensx-a of the Koskimo.. 1256 WawAliba' ye 816
Succession S24, S52, Waxap!alaso= (LcLE^ed, Q!omk-!ut!es,
.'
863, 901. 937-93S, 967, 973, 975, 980, 9S4, 998, Kwagul). . . . 1121
999, 1001, 1002, 1021-1022, 1038, 1078, 1089, Weaving 1318
1090, 1091, 1092, 1107, 1111, 1204, 1350, 1351 Whale—
laws of 1107 as ancestor 836.885
rules of 1087 painting of 811,813,816
Suicide, attempt at 1181 Whale dish 807,809,810,
Sun, painting of, on house 807 811, 813, 814, 815, 816, 818, 864, 991, U 33, 1059
Supernatural— Whale society 920,922,928,935,936
advisers 1131 Whistle—
being appears to novice 1182 Cannibal 1070
being, house of 1185, et sec. for winter dance ,S99, 901, 1153
beings 1182 frog 1070
gift 944 rich-woman 1070
house 1131 Whistles 874, 911, 1004, 1005, 1208
power caught in hands 1135 Winter ceremonial 851,
treasure 818,1093 895, 952, 959, 965, 978, 996, 1131
Tallow, for painting face 899 as marriage gift 848
Thrower dance 965,1035 as marriage price 1081
Throwing-dance 928 chiefs discuss secrets of 907-912
song of 934-935 given to escape punishment 1152
Thunderbikd 816 jotingin 1162
carries prince around world 1129 meeting before 914-917
carved 806 painting for 1165
dancers 1159,1166 secret meetings for 1151
dish 815 See also Dance.
song of 1130,1146 Winter dance 1083
Thunderstorm, magical 1147 as marriage gift 876
Tradition— ceremonial, recent development of 1167
of origin of house of the LeqlEm 817-820 house 1198
of separation of Kwag-ul tribes 831-832 house, names of 1150
Tree burul 1120 iiouse, speaker of 1158
Trial of strength 1125 house, supernatural gift 945
Tribe, assembly of 1363-1364, 1377 performed for four winters 1219
Tribute 1031,1039 song 1210
to chief 1333-1344 spirits, driving away of 1 160
Twin children 882 Winter names 895, 899, 914, 1084
Urine, as restorative 911 Witchcraft 862
Visitors 852 Wolf—
invited 847,867,879,883 carving of 820, 856, 1119
Vomiting beam 812 painting ot, on post 811
W.4IL OF L!al!aq6l, a NaWwaxda'xu Wolf dish 805,
woman 885-891 806, 812, 816, 840, 849, 864, 888, 962, 1023, 1040
Wail of LIalIeqwasila, a Gwa^sela Wolf house-dish 1025
woman 836-885 Woman rooted to the ground 1223
tWALAS KWAGUL ' 815 Wood carvers, payment to 1339
' War 1276-1277 Wooing 862, 955, 1004
against the Sanetch 1363-I3S0 Wooing canoes 1029,1051,1065
canoes, preparation of 1369 Wooing speeches 1052, 1065
council 1364 Workingman's song 1310
dance 902, 905, 910, 928, 959, 1000, 1085, 1086 XWEXWE 892, 895, 896
dancer 982, 1133-1135, 1159, 1166 Yaexageme 813
o
75052—21—35 eth—pt 2- -45