SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIOXS.
227
AEEANGEMENT
FAMILIES OF MOLLUSKS.
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
BY
THEODORE GILL, M. D., Ph.D.
WASHINGTON:
PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
FEBRUARY, 1871.
^^1
IADVERTISEMENT.
The following list has been prepared by Dr. Theodore Gill, at
the request of the Smithsonian Institution, for the purpose of
facilitating the arrangement and classification of the Mollusks
and Shells of the National Museum
;
and as frequent applica-
tions for such a list have been received by the Institution, it has
been thought advisable to publish it for more extended use.
JOSEPH HENRY,
Secretary S. I.
Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, January, 1871
ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION, FEBRUARY 28, 1870.
(iii )

CONTENTS.
VI
Order 17. Monomyaria
" 18. Rudista
Sub-Branch Molluscoidea
Class Tunicata
Order 19. Saccobranchia
" 20. Dactjlobranchia
" 21. Taeniobranchia
" 22. Larvalia
Class Braehiopoda
Order 23. Arthropomata
" 24. Lyopomata .
Class Polyzoa ....
Order 25. Phylactolsemata
" 26. Gymnolseraata
" 27. Rhabdopleurse
III. List op Authors referred to
IV. Index
PAGE
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, 22
.
23
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. 23
, 24
, 24
, 24
. 25
, 25
,
26
27
. 27
. 27
30
31
45
OTRODUCTIO^.
OBJECTS.
The want of a complete and consistent list of the principal
subdivisions of the mollusks having been experienced for some
time, and such a list being at length imperatively needed for the
arrangement of the collections of the Smithsonian Institution, the
present arrangement has been compiled for that purpose. It must
be considered simply as a provisional list, embracing the results
of the most recent and approved researches into the systematic
relations and anatomy of those animals, but from which innova-
tions and peculiar views, affecting materially the classification,
have been excluded. The only merit which is claimed for it is
the embodiment and co-ordination, it is hoped in a tolerably con-
sistent form, of the taxonomic results of the information scattered
through many volumes. There will doubtless be much diversity
of opinion respecting the relative value of certain groups, as well
as of the characters themselves whose modifications have been
used for the limitations of the groups, and the author will not
disguise that he himself entertains much doubt respecting certain
groups and relationships preserved in the arrangement. It has
seemed advisable, however, to provisionally adopt the opinions
of those who have most thoroughly investigated the different
groups rather than to introduce innovations based on hypothe-
tical considerations, and which would be perhaps found to be
liable to as many objections as those adopted
But although, from the very nature and extent of the subject,
the present arrangement is a compilation, it nevertheless is like-
wise the result of researches undertaken by the author with more
or less assiduity for a number of years, and, as a whole, it offers
a considerable number of deviations from any classification
( vii)
VIU
hitherto pubmitted. It therefore seems proper, especially in view
of the fact that this article will have a circulation among many
persons who are interested in the collection and study of shells,
but who have never paid especial attention to the principles of
classification involved in the arrangement of the molluriks, to
offer a few prefatory remarks on Taxonomy, or the science of
classification, especially so far as those animals are concerned,
and to answer the questions that may arise as to why some
combinations are made.
PRIMARY DIVISIONS.
The classes of Mollusks are by no means allied to each other
in equal degree ; there are two scries that differ very widely, and
which have been regarded by many of the best naturalists as
primary groups of the animal kingdom; that is, sub-kingdoms or
branches. The great majority of the representatives of each
of such groups do indeed offer so many special characteristics,
and so widely differ from those of the other series, that perhaps
the arguments in favor of such a view may be more weighty
than those for the opposite. But the members of one class
(Tunicata) seem to be in some respects intermediate or at least
to narrow the chasm that would otherwise exist between the
two, although their affinities are not regarded as dubious by most.
It has been found, after due investigation, that the central
nervous system offers in its modifications in the Mollusks, as in
the Vertebrates, the best criteria of relationship, and on the num-
ber of ganglia have been based the division thereof into the two
primary groups, Mollusca vera and Molluscoidea ; in the
former {Mollusca vera), there are three well developed pairs of
ganglia—the cerebral, the pedal, and the so-called branchial (or
parieto-splanchnic of Huxley)—each pair being united by com-
missures ; in the latter (Molltiscoidea), there is but one well de-
veloped pair, homologous with the pedal ganglia of the true Mol-
lusks. Prof. Huxley, that very able biologist who has so
much contributed by his clear mind and convincing logic to the
education of the younger naturalists of the present day, has well
remai-ked on the impossibility, or at least difficulty not yet sur-
mounted, of the enunciation of a diagnosis which will combine
the two divisions, and distinguish that combination from others.
IX
And that difficulty has been strikingly illustrated by the positive
witlidi-awal, by an able naturalist, of at least the Brachiopods
and Bryozoans from the true Mollusks, and the combination of
them with the Worms. If, then, a deviation from the example of
Prof. Huxley and other masters in systematic zoology has been
ventured in still retaining the combination of the two groups
under the common branch name of Mollusca, it has been because
there is still a certain conventional convenience in so doing, and
because some members of the lower group (the Brachiopods) are
almost always—at least by collectors—considered in connection
with the higher forms. Another and more scientific reason is
that at the confines of the lower groups, the hiatus between the
two appears disproportionately little compared to that between
the other branches, and a stricter series of homologies are
traceable between the two. Ehodosoma (Schizascus, St.) of the
Tunicates, and the recently described Rhahdopleura, Allmann,
of the Bryozoans, are especially noticeable in this connection.
It may also be added that the difficulty of framing a common
diagnosis for the combined types appears to be the result of the
diversity of secondary modifications and ramifications, and the
extreme specialization of some forms and loss of common primi-
tive characters, rather than of the divergence of the two types
from a generalized Proto-zoon or aboriginal primordial stock—an
element necessary to be considered in appreciation of the values
of groups. In such cases, the test must be a series of consecu-
tive inductions, and if those can be rigorously established, the
truth cannot be far distant, even though an exclusive diagnosis
cannot be applied. Care, however, must be taken not to abuse
the privilege of combination without exact diagnosis, and the
same latitude is not allowable in smaller and subordinate groups
as in the more comprehensive.
CLASSES.
With regard to the classes of Mollusks, it is only necessary to
state that the Pteropods have been considered as a subclass of
Gasteropods, and thus retained in one and the same class with
the typical members of the latter, in accordance with the views of
most American raalacologists, and because the hiatus between
them appears to be much less than that between the Cephalopods
and Gasteropoda, and of course between those Odontophorons
Mollusks and the Conchifers. The Pulmouifers of Cuvier—by
some considered as a class apart—and the Solenoconchs—by
some considered as also entitled to classic rank, by others re-
ferred to the Pteropods, and by others still to the Conchifers
—
have also been retained as sub-classes of the Gasteropods. The
classification thus accepted is then the same as those already
proposed, in 1861, by Prof. Dana' in his "Manual of Geolog-y,"
and, in 1865, by Prof. E. S. Morse in his " Classification of the
MoUusca based on the principle of cephalization." So far as
the combination of the Pteropods, Heteropods, and typical Gas-
teropods into one class, others had also long before indicated the
propriety of the innovation. The other groups regarded as of
approximately equal value with those, and therefore designated
sub-classes, are the Pectinibranchiates and Opisthobranchiates.
/
ORDERS.
Applying to the combinations of the Gasteropods into orders
the principle that morphology and not teleology is the guide in
natural classification, it becomes necessary to depart from some
quite generally accepted schemes, and especially that whereby
all the air-breathing mollusks are combined together in contra-
distinction from those respiring by means of branchiae. As was
perceived long ago by Cuvier, the inoperculated Pulmonifers
(except Proserptnic/a?) are entirely dilTcrent from the operculated
ones. That great naturalist very justly retained alone in one
group the former (the Proserpinidee were unknown to him), and
thus constituted a truly natural order, while the operculated ones
{Cyclostomse, etc.) were referred to the Pectinibranchiates, and
near Littorina, with which the best naturalists still associate them.
His ignorance of the structure of the Helicinidse induced him to
retain them near the Cyclostomee, but had he been acquainted
with tnem, he would doubtless have combined them with his Tro-
choidea as they now are. The combination of all the Pulmoni-
ferous Gasteropods into one group, as was afterwards done, was
' Prof. Dana has only differed in the depreciation of the value of the
primary groups, the Mollusc.i (Iiis ordinai-ij Mollusca) and the Molluscoidea
(his Anthoid MoUusca) being considered as classes, and their subdivisions
as orders.
/
XI
a decidedly retrograde step, and thus morphology was entirely-
subordinated to teleology, and even to a degree seldom equalled
in recent times ; for the groups enumerated are so very distinct
from each other that they have no characters in common except
those which they share with others as members of the same class,
and the ability to breathe air direct—and even the adaptation for
the latter oflQce is alfected by difi'ereut modifications in the seve-
ral subclasses.
The Heteropods, instead of representing a distinct class or
subclass, are perhaps scarcely entitled to ordinal rank, but, as
their distinctive characters are not entirely adaptive, they have
for the present been accredited with it. Besides the Dentalia (So-
J.EXOCONCHA), the Chitonidse (Polyplacophora) have been re-
moved from the association with the PalelUdse and Acmaeidse, and
for the last alone has been retained the ordinal name (Doco-
glossa) proposed by Dr. Troschel for all the groups mentioned.
It is difficult to understand why the Chitonidse have been so per-
sistently associated with Patellidse, except for the reason that
after the first discovery of the homologies between the two types,
the great differences between them were in a measure lost sight
of—a fault common to discoverers of unexpected relationships
—
and that most others have since been content to accept without
active thought the approximation at first suggested. The simi-
larity of the nervous system, recently urged in justification, seems
to be more superficial than real, and rather the result of adapta-
tion to the oval depressed form common to both. Although the
author has been the first to limit (in manuscript long ago pre-
pared) the order to the families now retained in it, the ordinal
name proposed by Dr. Troschel (Docoglossa) being a suggestive
one, it has been preferred to a new name.^
It need only be added that the orders of Conchifers and of all the
Molluscoids are adopted simply as appearing to be the best that
have been devised, and not because they are those likely to be
ultimately confirmed, at least with precisely their present limits.
' Mr. W. H. Dall, after an extensive study of the anatomy of members
of the group, had also arrived at the same conclusions, and was the first
to demonstrate the entire want of affinity therewith of the Gadiuiidee.
zu
FAMILIES.
The author has applied the views of those who consider those
groups, above the rank of genera, combined by numerous com-
mon characters, and distinguisjied from neighboring groups
by greater or more abrupt differences than those existing within
the limits of such common associations, to be entitled to
family rank. In Articulates, Yertebrates, and Kadiates, such
groups are often recognizable externally by a similarity of
form which is dependent on more or less decided modifi-
cations of structure, or the relations between different parts.
Yery often, however—and especially in the Batrachians—such
indications fail, and in the Mollusks there are many families that
do not differ from each other in form; and, on the other hand,
others exhibit a very considerable difference of form among their
own representatives. Accepting the views as to the application
of the term family to groups as adopted by the students of Mam-
mals, we must apply them as we best can to the Mollusks, and
of course we must be prepared for considerable diversity of views
in the application, dependent on the personality of the observer,
his acquaintance with the groups, and the path by which he has
approached the study.
Yery many, and probably most of the families now adopted,
require I'evision based on more extensive materials than have
jet been available to any one investigator. If any are to be
especially pointed out in this connection, those of the orders
of Cephalopods, and among the Gasteropods, the Turbinellidae,^
PupiniJse, and the sub-divisions of the disintegrated Helicidse,
Melaniidse, Cerithacea, and Trochacea, may be indicated. But,
because their af!inities are doubtful, they have been for the present
retained, for it is believed that the evils resulting from hetero-
geneous combinations (not definable by diagnosis) is greater than
those resulting from refinement of analysis.
The acquaintance of the author with the Polyzoa being ex-
* The Tuihtnellidce are retained as distinct on the authority of a very
distinguished naturalist, who has kindly informed nie that they are
*'Sirnmhnirl(P." I have not ventured to separate them, however, farther
from the Cijnodotitidce till more is known.
i
Xlll
tremely limited, he has adopted without modiScation the classifi-
catiou of Bronn (who has availed himself of all the iuforuialion
published up to his time), except for the Phylactoltemata, for
which he has followed Prof. Hyatt, who has since thoroughly
studied that order.
The details of classification of the families are yet too unsettled
to warrant the retention of the many sub-families which have
been proposed, and while the necessity for the adoption of such
subordinate groups is readily foreseen and admitted, so few
have been characterized in a manner which could be maintained
against criticism or justified by valid arguments, that ouly in
exceptional cases have any been admitted.
GENERAL COXSIDERATIONS.
In this connection it may be remarked that there is no scientific
basis for an a priori assumption that because the modifications
of an organ are of a certain importance in one branch or class
of animals, they are so in others. While such hints may perhaps
be of some use, the value requires to be veinfied in each instance.
Because the modifications in structure of the heart in mammals,
birds, and reptiles are of prime importance, it does not follow
that they are equally so in batrachians and fishes, and such a view
is, indeed, opposed to facts. Still less foundation exists for the
a priori application of such ideas to the classification of the
mollusks; and their distribution into two series, distinguished by
the bilocular (Monotocardian) and trilocular (Diocordian) par-
tition of the heart, certainly seems to be opposed by the indica-
tions furnished by the sum total of the organization.
And in like manner, because the modifications of a certain part
are the best indexes of affinity in one gi'oup of a class. It does
not follow that even in the same class, in another group, analo-
gous modifications are of like value. The dentition, for example,
is quite characteristic in the mammalian orders Carnivores,
Ungulates, and Rodents
;
but in the Implacentals the value of
analogous modifications is very much less, and, within the range
of the same order (Marsupials), superficial differences, apparently
at least, as great as those between the cited orders of Placen-
tals are found. If, therefore, the modifications of the dentition
are used for the distinction of orders in one case, it is not because
XIV
the dentition is the most important per se, but because, as a
matter of fact and experience, it has been determined that the
moditicatious thereof are the co-ordinates of corresponding, though
perhaps not as readily recognizable, modifications of other parts,
and being so, they are taken advantage of for diagnostic purposes.
In like manner, as a matter of experience, the groups of the
Pectinibrauchiate mollusks agreeing in the dentition of the
radula appear to agree in other important respects, and there-
fore the modifications of the teeth of the radula have been made
use of as the prime characters, because they appear to be the
exponents of the sura total of structure, and until it is shoicn,
by a study and co-ordination of the modifications of the entire
structure, that there are other characteristics that are of more
importance and better indexes of affinity, and the application has
been actually made, it is not evident what other better combina-
tions capable of demonstration and diagnosis—the true criteria
—
can be made. Undoubtedly we have much yet to learn concern-
ing the affinities of all the mollusks, and undoubtedly very con-
siderable, and perhaps fundamental, modifications of classification
will be required ; but, in addition to objections against a given
system, suggestions for reform are at the same time desirable,
and then a comparison of the respective merits of the competing
systems can be instituted.
As it is evident that the diff'erences of dentition in the Placen-
tal and Implacental mammals is of very unequal value, it is no
more than might be expected that the dentition in the class of
Gasteropods should also vary in value, and it is actually found
that while in the Pectinibranchiates the dentition is an excellent
index of affinities, it is not so in the Tectibranchiates or Nudi-
branchiates. In this admitted fact, however, there is no more
valid argument against its value in the Pectinibranchiates than
in the corresponding case in mammals.
EXTIXCT FORMS.
With respect to the extinct forms, the compiler has deemed it
advisable to accept the views of the most aj^proved students of
the groups as to their relations, but has felt obliged to apply to
them that indefinite but generally appreciated standard of value
which has been used for the living forms, and consequently the
XV
number of extinct families admitted is larger than is generally
recognized, especially in the class of Cepbalopods. The views
of M. Barrande have been implicitly accepted iu the arrange-
ment of the families of Tetrabranchiates, save as to the value of
the groups. M. Barrande has designated the Mollusca as a
class, the Cephalopoda as an order of that class, and has sub-
divided the latter into three families, each comprising a greater
or less number of genera. The standard of value applied by
that learned naturalist is in each case, but especially in the appre-
ciation of the major groups, very different from that almost uni-
versally current, and as the more comprehensive groups are
here retained with the higher rank generally accredited to them,
the genera are also raised to a more elevated rank : the views of
M. Barrande concerning the range of his genera being provision-
ally accepted, they are each one raised to family rank, and
although the author is disposed to dissent from the positions
assumed by M. Barrande in respect to the affinities and extent
or relative value of certain of his genera, his knowledge of those
forms is so vastly inferior to that naturalist's, that he has not
ventured in any case to depart from him, even when he would
have simply accepted the views of others, for none have had such
opportunities for study, or made such good use of them, as he.
As the expediency of the extension of family rank to some of
the forms may be questioned, it may be remai'ked that the ten-
dency of some naturalists seems to be to even subdivide still
more minutely. Prof Agassiz and Prof Hyatt, for example, dif-
ferentiating the genus Ammonites of most authors into a number
of families, and separating ordinally the "Ammonoids" from the
Nautilidae.
In addition to the numerous extinct types of the Cephalopods,
there are undoubtedly many among the Gasteropods and Con-
chifers that are entitled to family rank ; but in view of the
inability of the author to study many of them, and of our igno-
rance of their relations, it has been deemed inadvisable to name
them.
SYNONYMY.
In order to make known the extent of the families adopted,
as well as to direct students to reliable sources of information,
reference has been made to a specific authority for each family.
XVI
It has been deemed preferable, however, all other things being
equal, to refer to some readily accessible and popular work. But
in cases where such works do not give the limits to the families
which have been indicated by the most approved researches,
references are made to the monographs or other publications
wherein the information is furnished. Some of the families,
however, have not yet been assigned the limits which, in the
opinion of the compiler, appear the most natural ; in order,
therefore, to indicate as nearly as possible the relative values of
the respective groups, the system of notation recommended espe-
cially by the late Hugh Strickland has been adopted. When
there is an exact ecjuivalency, either as to the limits assigned by
the diagnosis, or as to the contents, the sign of equality ( = ) is
used ; when the group referred to is larger than that adopted,
the corresponding sign (<) is prefixed to the former; when the
group referred to is smaller, the usual sign indicative thereof
( > ) is prefixed ; and when the group referred to is entirely
different, including some forms not in and excluding others re-
tained in the group compared with it, the sign ( x ) is employed
as a prefix.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
In the appended list of authorities, and in connection with the
names of the families, will be found the references to those
authors who have been followed in especial cases. The compiler
would also especially acknowledge his obligations to Mr. W. H.
Dall for various kind offices and assistance in the preparation of
this list.
OF
FAMILIES OF MOLLUSKS.
[Adopted provisionally by the Smithsonian Institution.]
U". B,—The Fossil Families are in Italics,
Class A.—CEPHALOPODA.
Order L—DIBRANCHIATA.
Sub-Order Octopoda.
{0. littorales.)
1. Cirrlioteuthidae < Octopodidae, Ad. I, 18.
2. Octopodidae < Octopodidae, Ad. I, 18.
[0. pelagici.)
3. Philonexidae = Philonexidae, Ad. I, 21.
4. Argonautidae = Argonautidae, Ad. I, 23.
Sub-Order Sepiophora.
[Oigopsidae.)
( Cranchiidae, Ad. I, 26.
5. Cranchiidae \ t- ^. -i * i t orr
( Loligopsidae, Ad. I, 27.
G. Chiroteuthidae = Chiroteuthidae, Ad. I, 28.
7. Onychoteuthidae < Onychoteuthidae, Ad. I, 30.
8. Ommastrephidae < Onychoteuthidae, Ad. I, 30.
so
9. Loliginidae
10. Sepiolidae
11. Sepiiclae
12. Belosepiidae
18. Spirulidae
14. Belopteridae
15. Belemnitidae
[Mijopsidae.)
< Loliginidae, Ad. I, 35.
< Loliginidae, Ad. I, 41.
= Sepiidae, Ad. I, 41.
< Sepiidae, Chenu I, 46.
= Spirulidae, Ad. 1, 44.
< Spirulidae, Chenu I, 51.
= Belemnitidae, Chenu I, 46.
Order IL—TETRABRANCHIATA.
[Naidiloidea.)
16. Nothoceratidae = NotJwceras, Barr. 11, 72.
17. Bathmoceratidae = Batkmoceras, Barr. 11, 74.
18. TrocJioceratidae = Tivchoceras, Barr. II, 74.
*
= Nautilus, Barr. II, 128.
= Bercoceras, Barr. II, 152.
= Gyroceras, Barr. II, 156.
= Lituites, Barr. II, 168.
23. Phragmoceratidae= Phragmoceras, B. II, 189.
24. Gomphoceratidae = Gomphoceras, B. II, 243.
25. Cijrtoceratidae = Cyrtoceras, Chenu I, 73.
26. Orthoceratidae > Orthoceras, Chenu I, 59.
19. Nantilidae
20. Hercoceratidae
2 1
.
Gyroceraiidae
Tl. Lituitidae
27. Ascoceratidae
Ascoceras, Barr. II, 334.
i Apkragmites, Barr. II, 366.
[ Glossoceras, Barr. II, 372.
28. Clymeniidae
29. Goniatitidae
30. Bactritidae
31. Turrilitidae
[Goniatitoidea.)
= Clymenidae, Chenu I, 70.
= Goniatites, Chenu I, 75.
= Badrites, Chenu I, 77.
[Ammonitoidea.)
Turrilites, Chenu I, 95.
Jlelicoceras, Chenu I, 96.
Heteroceras, Chenu I, 96.
32. Ceratitidae
33. Ammonitidae
34. Scaphitidae
35. Crioceratidae
= Ceratites, Chenu I, 76.
= Ammonites, Chenu I, 77.
= Scaphites, Chenu I, 91.
= Crioceras, Chenu I, 90.
36. Ancyloceratidae = Ancyhceras, Chenu I, 92.
37. Hamitidae = Bamites, Chenu I, 93.
38. Ptyclioceratidae = Pfychoceras, Chenu I, 94.
39. Hamidinidae = HamuUna, Chenu I, 94.
40. Toxoceratidae = Toxoceras, Chenu I, 93.
41. Baculitidae
42. Bacidinidcce
= BacuUtes, Chenu I, 95.
= Baculina, Chenu I, 77.
Class B.—GASTEROPODA.
Sub-Class Diceca.
Order IIL—PECTINIBRANCHIATA.
Sub-Order Toxoglossa.
43. Conidae = Conoidea, Tr. 16.
44. Pleurotomidae = Pleurotomacea, Tr. II, 38.
45. Melatomidae = Clionellidae, Stm. A. J. C.
1865, 62.
= Haliacea, Tr. II, 36.
= Terebracea, Tr. II, 27.
48. Cancellariidae = Cancellariacea, Tr. II, 45.
49. Admetidae = Admetacea, Tr. II, 46.
46. Haliidae
47. Terebridae
Sub-Order Rhachiglossa.
[T?jpica.)
50. Cystiscidae = Cystiscidae,Stm. A.J. C. 1865,
55.
51. Marginellidae < Margincllacea, Tr. II, 57.
52. Yolutidae = Yoliitacea, Tr. II, 54.
^^ , . .
( Yolutomitrina, Grav, 36.
a. Yolutomitrmae i
. . ^ ^I
( Amoriana, (xray, do.
( Yolutina, Gray, 32.
( Yetina, Gray, 32.
[Odontoglossa.)
53. Fasciolariidae = Fasciolariacea, Tr. n, 60.
a. Fusinae
b. Fasciolariinae
54. Mitridae = Mitracea, Tr. 11, QQ.
55. Melongenidae
56. Buccinidae
a. Pliotinae
b. Buccininae
[Duplohamata.)
= Cassidnlina, Tr. II, 79.
< Fusacea, Tr. II, 69.
= Photina, Tr. II, 82.
= Biiccinina, Tr. II, 69.
c. Clirysodominae = Neptunina, Tr. II, 72.
57. Nassidae
a. Cyclonassinae
b. Nassininae
58. Cynodontidae
a. Cynodontinae
b. Imbricariinae
?59. Turbinellidae
= Nassacea, Tr. II, 87.
< Fusacea, Tr. II, 69.
= Yasina, Tr. II, 84.
= Imbricariina, Tr. II, 86.
< Yasidae, Ad. I, 155.
60. Turridae
61. Olividae
a. Olivinae
b. Olivellinae
c. Ancillinae
62. Harpidae
[Hamiglossa.)
= Strigatellacea, Tr. II, 202.
= Olivacea, Tr. II, 105.
= Dactylina, Tr. II, 107.
= Olivellina, Tr. II, 110.
= Ancillina, Tr. II, 111.
= Harpacea, Tr. II, 104.
63. Ptychatractidae = Ptychatractidae, Stm. A. J. C.
1865, 59.
64. Muricidae
a. Muiicinae = Muricea, Tr. II, 112.
b. Fiirpurinae ^= Purpiiracea, Tr. II, 124.
[Atyi^oglossa.)
65. Columbellidae = Columbellacea, Tr. II, 97.
Sub-Order T^exioglossa.
Group Rostrifera.
66. Pomatiidae = Pomatiacea, Tr. I, 65.
67. Cvclostomidae = Cyclostomacea, Tr. I, 68.
a. Licineinae = Licinea, Pfr. Pneum.
b. Cistulinae = Cistulea, Pfr. Pneum.
c. Cyclostominae = Cyclostomea, Pfr. Pneum.
68. Cyclophoridac = Cyclotacea, Tr.^I, (S(S.
a. Cyclotinae = Cyclotea, Pfr. Pneum.
b. Cyclophorinae = Cyclophorea, Pfr. Pneum.
69. Pupinidae
a. Pupininae = Pupinea, Pfr. Pneum.
b. Diplommatininae Diplommatinacea, Pfr. Pneum.
70. Aciculidae = Aciculacea, Tr. I, Q^.
71. Truncatcllidae = Truncatellacea, Tr. I, 85.
72. Ampullariidae = Ampullariacea, Tr. I, 86.
73. Yalvatidae = Yalvatae, Tr. I, 95.
Ttt. Yiviparidae
a. Lioplacinae
1). Yiviparinae
75. Assiminiidae
76. Rissoellidae
77. Pomatiopsidae
78. Rissoidae
a. Amnicolinae
b. Rissoinae
c. Rissoininae
79. Skeneidae
80. Bythiniidae
81. Fossaridae
82. Littorinidae
a. Laciminae
b. Littorininae
83. Pyramidellidae
84. Eulimidae
85. Styliferidae
86. Ceripliasiidae
87. Melanopidae
88. Melaniidae
= Yiviparidae, Gill. P. A. N. S. P.
1863, 33.
= Lioplaces, Gill, P. A. P. ' 63.
= Yivipari, Gill, P. A. P. '63.
^
< Assiminiidae, Ad. II, 314.
= Rissoellidae, Ad. I, 325.
= Pomatiopsinae, Stm. Hydr.
4, 29-36.
< Rissoidae, Stm. Hydr. 3.
= Hydrobiinae, Stm. Hydr. 5.
= Rissoinae, Stm. Hydr. 5.
= Rissoininae, Stm. Hydr. 5.
= Skeneinae, Stm. Hydr. 5.
= Bytliiniinae, Stm. Hydr. 5.
= Fossari, Tr. I, 153.
> Littorinae, Tr. I, 129.
= Pyramidellidae, Ad. I, 228.
= Eulimidae, Ad. I, 235.
== Styliferidae, Ad. I, 238.
= Strepomatidae, Tr'n A. J. C.
1865.
= Pachyclieili, Tr. I, 113.
a. Mclaniinae
b. Tiarinae
c. Paliidominae
89. Ceritliiopsidae
90. Ceritliiidae
a. Cerithiinae
b. Potamidinae
91. Planaxidae
92. Caecidae
93. Ycrmetidae
94. Tenaa:odidae
95. Turritellidae
= Melaniae, Tr. I, 121.
= Thiarae, Tr. I, 112.
< Cerithia, Tr. I, 139.
< Cerithiacea, Tr. I, 138.
< Cerithia, Tr. I, 139.
= Potamides, Tr. I, 145.
< Planaxes, Tr. I, 149.
= Caecidae, Cpr. P. Z. S. 1858,
413.
< Yermetacea, Mch.P.Z.S. 18G1,
1862.
< Yermetacea, Mcli. P. Z. S. 18G1,
1862.
= Turritellae, Tr. 1, 152.
96. Trichotropidae == Tricliotropidae, Tr. I, 164.
97. Hipponicidae
98. Capulidac
99. Calyptriidae
100. Neritopsidae
101. Omistidae
102. Strombidae
a. Strombinae
= Hipponicidae, Tr. I, 162.
< Capulacea, Tr. I, 156.
= Calyptrieidae,Gray, P. Z. S. ' 67,
726.
^
= Neritopsidae, Gray 51.
= Onustidae, Tr. I, 190.
= Alata, Tr. I, 191.
= Strombinae, Gill, A. J. C.
1870
9b. Seraphyinae = Seraphyinae, Gill, A. J. C.
1870.
103. Aporrhaidae = Aporrhaidae, Tr. I, 199.
[Digitiglossa.)
101:. Pediculariidae = Pediculariacea, Tr. I, 189.
105. Amphiperasidae= Amphiperasidae, Tr. I, 216.
Rostrum with Invertible Tip.
106. Cypraeidae = Cypraeacea, Tr. I, 201.
a. Cypraeinae
b. Pustulariinae
107. Triviidae = Triviacea, Tr. I, 214.
a. Triviinae
b. Eratoinae
108. Marseniidae = Marseniidae, Tr. I, 185.
109. Yelutinidae = Yelutinidae, Tr. I, 165.
110. Naticidae = Naticacea, Tr. I, 169.
Group Proboscidifera.
111. Pyrulidae = Sycotypidae, Tr. I, 238.
112. Doliidae = Doliacea, Tr. I, .224.
113. Cassididae = Cassidea, Tr. I, 220. •
114. Ranellidae = Ranellacea, Tr. I, 227.
115. Tritonidae = Tritoniacea, Tr. I, 231.
10
Sub-Order Ptexoglossa.
116. lanthinidae = lantliinidae, Gray, Guide, 53.
117. Solariidae = Arcliitectonidae, Gray, Guide,
62.
118. Scalariidae = Scalariadae, Gray, Guide, 52.
Order IY.—HETEROPODA.
119. Atlantidae = Atlantacea, Tr. I, 41.
120. Carinariidae = Carinariacea, Tr. I, 42.
121. Pterotrachaei- = Firolacea, Tr. I, 43.
dae
Order Y.—RHIPHIDOGLOSSA.
Sub-Order Podophthalma.
[Pscudohrcmchia.)
122. Hydrocaenidae = Hydrocaenacea, Tr. I, 83.
123. Stoastomidae = Stoastomidae, Cliitty, P. Z. S.
1857, 162.
124. Helicinidae = Helicinacea, Tr. I, 75.
125. Proserpinidae = Proserpinacea, Tr. I, 84.
(Keritacca.)
126. Neritidae = Neritinidae, Gray, 136.
[Trochacea.)
127. Rotcllidae = Rotelladae, Gray, 139.
128. Turbinidae = Turbinidae, Gray, 141.
129. Liotiidae = Liotiadae, Gray, 146.
11
130. Trochidae = Trochidae, Gray, 147.
131. Stomatellidae =: Stoinatellidae, Gray, 158.
[Pleurotomariacea f)
132. Plenrotomarii- < Pleurotomaridae, Br. Kef. Th.
dae III, 1037.
133. Scissurellidae = Scissurellidae, Gray, 160.
[Haliotacea.)
134. Haliotidae = Haliotidae, Gray, 161.
?
[Maduraeacea,)
135. Maduraeidae = Madureadae^ Cpr., Lect. 68.
Sub-Order Dicranobranchia.
[Flssurdlacea.)
136. Fissurellidae < Fissurellidae, Gray, 162.
137. Emarginulidae < Fissurellidae, Gray, 162.
?
[Bdleropliontacea.)
138. Bdleropliontidae= BeUeropJiontidae, Meek, P. C.
A. S., I, 9.
Order YL—DOCOGLOSSA.
Sub-Order Proteobranchia.
139. Acmaeidae = Acmaeidae,Dall, A.J.C.1870.
140. Patellidae = Patellidae, Dall, A. J. C. 1870.
12
Sub-Order Abranchia.
141. Lepetidae = Lepetidae, Dall, A. J. C. 1869,
140.
Order YIL—POLYPLACOPHORA.
142. Chitonidae < Cliitonidae, Gray, 177.
143. Chitonellidae < Chitonidae, Gray, 177.
Sub-Class Pulmonifera.
Order YIII.—PULMONATA.
Sub-Order Geophila.
( Oculiferous tentacles invertihle.)
{Agnatlia.)
144. Oleacinidae < Testacellea, Alb. Mart. 22.
145. Streptaxidae = Streptaxidae, Gray, A.M.N.H.
YI, 1860, 268.
146. Testacellidae < Testacellea, Alb. Mart. 22.
[Goniognatha.)
147. Ortlialicidae = Orthalicea, Alb. Mart. 209.
[Holognatha.)
148. Cylindrellidae = Cylindrellidae, Cr. & F., J. C
1870, 5.
149. Pupidae < Piipacea, Alb. Mart. 228.
13
150. Helicidae < Helicacpa, Alb. Mart. 80.
.
151. Vitrinidae = Yitrinea, Alb. Mart. 43.
(Togata.)
152. Pliilomycidae = Philomycenidae,Gray,A.M.N.
H. YI, 1860, 269.
{Sub7iuda.)
153. Cryptellidae =: Cryptellidae, Gray, A. M. N,H.
YI, 1860, 269.
154. Parmacellidae = Parmacellidae, Gray, A. M. N.
H. YI, 1860, 268.
155. Limacidae < Limacidae, Ad. II, 217.
156. Arionidae = Arionidae, Ad. 11, 227.
[Elasmognatlia.)
157. Siiccinidae = Succinea, Alb. Mart. 308.
158. Janellidae = Janellidae, Ad. II, 227.
( OcuUferous tentacles sliivphj contractile.)
159. Yaginulidae = Yeronicellidae, Ad. II, 231.
160. Onchidiidae = Onchidiidae, Ad. II, 232.
Sub-Order Basommatophora.
[Limnopliila.)
161. Chilinidae = Chilinidae, Dall, A. L. N. Y.
IX, 357, 1870.
162. Physidae = Physidae, Dall, A. L. N. Y.
IX, 355, 1870.
14
1G3. Ancylidae = Ancylidae, Dall, A. L. N. Y.
IX, 354, 1870.
1G4. Limnaeiclae = Limnaeidae, Dall, A..L. N. Y.
IX, 348, 1870.
^
165. Otinidae = Otininae, Ad. I, 249.
1G6. Auriculidae = Ellobiinae, Ad. I, 236.
[Petropliila.)
167. Siphonariidae = Siphonariidae, Dall, A. J. C.
1870, 8.
168. Gadiniidae = Gadiniidae, Dall, A. J. C. 1870,
30.
[Thalassophlla.)
169. Ampliibolidae = Amphibolidae, Ad. II, 268.
Sub-Class Opisthobranchiata.
Order IX.—TECTIBRANCHIATA.
A
170. Philinidae < Pliilinidae, Gray, 191.
171. Amphyspiridae = Ampjiy^piradae, Gray, 194.
172. Ringiculidae = Ringiculidae, Meek, C. L. I. F.
N.A.,Cret., 16, 34.
173. Actaeonidae < Actaeonidae, Meek, Sill. J.
XXXY, 84,
I
15
174. Actaeo7i€llidae < Adaeonidae, Meek, Sill. J.
XXXV, 84.
*
175. Cyliclinidae = Bullinadae, Gray, 195.
176. Bullidae = Bullidae, Gray, 196.
177. Amplustridae = Amplustridae, Gray, 197.
178. Lophocereidae = Lophocercidae, Gray, 201.
179. Aplysiidae = Aplysiadae, Gray, 198.
B.
180. Runcinidae = Runcinadae, Gray, 204.
181. Tylodinidae = Tylodinadae, Gray, 203.
182. UmDrellidae = Umbrelladae, Gray, 204.
183. Pleiirobranchii-
dae = Pleurobranchidae, Gray, 201.
Order X.—NUDIBRANCHIATA.
Sub-Order Pygobranchia.
184. Doridopsidae = Doridopsidae, A. & H., T. Z. S.
1864, 124.
185. Dorididae = Dorididae, Gray, 208.
186. Onchidorididae = Onchidoridae, Gray, 206.
187. Goniodorididae = Goniodoridae, Gray, 211.
188. Polyceridae < Polyceradae, Gray, 213.
189. Triopidae > Triopidae, Gray, 214.
190. Ceratosomidae = CeratosomidaO; Gray, 215,
16
191.
102.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
Sub-Order Polybranchia.
[Liferohranchia.
)
Phyllidiidae = Phyllicliadae, Gray, 216.
Diphvllidiidae = Dipliyllidiadae, Gra}^, 216.
[Polyhranchia.)
Tritoniidae = Tritoniadae, Gray, 217.
Scyllaeidae = Scyllaeidae, Gray, 218.
( CeratohrancMa.)
[Section 1.)
[A.)
Dendronotidae = Dendronotidae, Gray, 219.
Heroidae = Heroidae, Gray, 221.
Tethyidae = Tetbyadae, Gray, 219.
Dotoidae = Dotonidae, Gray, 222.
Proctonotidae = Proctonotidae, Gray, 220.
Glaucidae = Glaucidae, Gray, 222.
{B.)
Eolididae = Eolididae, Gray, 223.
[Section 2.)
Fionidae = Fionidae, Gray, 227.
Hermaeidae = Hermaeidae, Gray, 227.
Sub-Order Pelltbranchiata.
[Tribe 1.)
Elysiidae = Elysiadae, Gray, 228.
Limapontiidae = Limapontiadae, Gray, 229.
17
[Tribe 2.)
206. Phyllirrlioidae = Phyllirlioidae, Gray, 230.
?
Sub-Order Entoconchacea.
207. Entoconcliidae = Heterosalpinx, Baur, N. A. A.
L. C. XXXI.
Sub-Class Pteropoda.
Order XL—THECOSOMATA.
208. Limacinidae = Limacinacea, Tr. I, 50.
209. Hyalidae = Hyalacea, Tr. I, 50.
210. Cymbuliidae = Cymbuliacea, Tr. I, 53.
211. Conulariidae = Conulariidaej Br. Th. Ill, 645.
212. HyolWiidae = Tliecidae, Br. Th. Ill, 646.
Order XH.—GYMNOSOMATA
214. Clionidae = Clionacea, Tr. I, 54.
215. Pneumodermo-
nidae = Pneumodermacea, Tr. I, 56.
216. Cymodoceidae = Pterocymodoceidae, Br. Th.
Ill, 645.
Sub-Class Prosopocephala.
Order XEL—^SOLENOCOXCH^.
217. Dentaliidae = Dentaliidae, Br. Th. m, 523.
2 81
18
Class C.—CONCHIFERA.
Order XIY.—DIMTARIA.
[Pholadacea.)
218. Aspergillidae < Gastrochaenidae, Tryon,*P. A.
K S. P., 1861, 465.
219. Gastrochaenidae < Gastrocliaenidae, Tryon, P. A.
K S. P., 1861, 465.
= Teredidae, Tryon, P. A. N. S.
P., 1862, 453.
= Pholadidae, Tryon, P. A. N. S.
P., 1862, 191.
220. Teredinidae
221. Pholadidae
[Solenacea.)
222. Solenidae < Solenacees, Desh. 1860, 143.
223. Solecurtidae < Solenacees, Desh. 1860, 143.
224. Saxicavidae
225. Myidae
226. Corbulidae
227. Pandoridae
228. Anatinidae
229. Myochamidae
= Glycimerides, Desh. 1860,165.
< Myaires, Desh. 1860, 182.
< Myaires, Desh. 1860, 182.
= Pandoridae, Desh. 1860, 238.
< Osteodesmidae, Desh. 1860,
245.
= Myochamidae, Cpr. Lect. 103.
19
230. Pholadomyidae = Plioladomyadae, Desk 1860,
270.
(Venerctcea.)
231. Mactridae < Mactracea, Desh. 1860, 281.
232. Mesodesmidae = Mesodesmides, Desh. 1860,
297.
233. Amphidesmidae= Ampliidesmidae, Desh. 1860,
297.
234. Tellinidae = Tellinidae, Desh. 1860, 314.
235. Psammobiidae = Psammobidae, Desh. 1860,
364.
236. Donacidae = Donacidae, Desh. 1860, 387.
237. Petricolidae = Lithophaga, Desh. 1860, 400.
238. Yeneridae < Conchae, Desh. 1860, 407.
239. Glaiiconomidae = Glauconomyadae, Ad. II, 442.
[Corhiculacea.)
240. Cyrenidae = Cycladae, Gray, Turton, 250.
241. Pisidiidae = Pisidiidae, Gray, Turton, 263.
242. Cyrenoididae = Cyrenoididae, Ad. II, 452.
(Dreissenacea.)
243. Dreissenidae = Dreissenidae, Ad. II, 52.
(Cardiacea.)
244. Yeniliidae = Cyprinidae, Ad. II, 443.
245. Glossidae < Bucardiidae Ad. 11, 460.
20
24G.
21
[Trigoniacea.)
263. Trigoniidae = Trigonea, Desh. 1860, 805.
iArcacea.)
264. I^iiculidae = Niiculidae, Ad. 11, 544.
265. Ledidae = Ledidae, Ad. II, 546.
266. Arcidae = Arcacea, Desli. 1860, 832.
Order XY.—METAERHIPTAE.
267. Tridacnidae = Tridacnides, Yaill, A. S. N.,
lY, 1865, 64.
Order XYL—HETEROMYARIA.
268. Mytilidae = Mytilidae, Ad. II, 511.
Order XYIL—MONOMYARIA.
[Aviculacea.)
269. Pinnidae = Pinnidae, Meek, Sill. J.
XXXYII, 212.
270. Pteriidae = Pteriidae, Meek, Sill. J.
XXXYn, 212.
271. Yulsellidae = Yulsellidae, Ad. II, 523.
[Pedinacea.)
272. Spondylidae = Spondylidae, Ad. II, 559.
22
273. Limidae
274. Pectinidae
= Radiilidae, Ad. II, 556.
== Pectinidae, Ad. II, 550.
275. Placunidae
276. Anomiidae
[Anomiacea.)
= Placunidae, Carp. Lect. 123.
= Anomiadae, Carp. Lect. 123.
277. Ostreidae
278. Elicjmidae
( Ostracea.)
= Ostracea, Ad. II, 567.
?
= FUgmus, Eudes Desl. M. L. S.
N., X, 272,
I
?
Order XYIIL—RUDISTA.
279. Hiiopuritidae < Hippuritidae^ Woodw. Man.
1866, 440.
280. Radiolitida^ < Hlppuritidae, Woodw. Man.
1866, 440.
281. Caprinellidae < Hijypuritidae^ Woodw. Man.
1866, 440.
282. Caprinidae < Hlppuritidaej Woodw. Man.
1866, 440.
283. Caprotinidae < Hlppuritidae, Woodw. Man.
1866, 440.
^'j
23
(Sub-Branch Molluscoidea.)
Class D.—TUNICATA.
Order XIX.—SACCOBRANCHIA.
(SoUtaria.)
284:. Pelonaeidae = Pelonaeidae, Br. EI, 216.
285. Chelyosomidae < Ascidiadae, Br. Ill, 218.
286. Ascidiidae < Ascidiadae, Br. Ill, 218.
287. Bolteniidae < Ascidiadae, Br. Ill, 218.
*
287"- Rhodosoraidae = Rhodosoma, Crosse, J. C. XY,
1877, 101.
(Sociales.)
{S. Pei'ophoracea.)
288. Perophoridae < Clavellinidae, Br. Ill, 217.
[S. Clavellinacea.)
289. Clavellinidae < Clavellinidae, Br. Ill, 217.
[Aggregata.)
290. Sigillinidae < Didemninae, Br. HI, 217.
29 0«- Didemnidae < Didemninae, Br. Ill, 217.
291. Leptoclinidae < Didemninae, Br. Ill, 217.
24
*
292. Polyclinidae < Polyclininae, Br. Ill, 217.
293. Synoeciidae < Polyclininae, Br. Ill, 217.
294. Botryllidae = Botryllidae, Br. Ill, 217.
Order XX.—DACTYLOBRANCHIA.
295. Pyrosomidae = Pyrosomatidae, Br. Ill, 216.
Order XXL—TAENIOBRANCHIA.
296. Doliolidae = Doliolidae, Br. El, 216.
297. Salpidae ^ Salpidae, Br. Ill, 216.
Order XXIL—LARYALIA.
298. Appendicula- = Appendiculariadae, Br. HI,
riidae 216.
25
Class E.—BRACHIOPODA.
Order XXIIL—ARTHROPOMATA.
[Ancylopoda.)
299. Terebratulidae < Terebratulidae, Dav. Int. 61.
a. Terebratuli- = Terebratulinae, Dall, A. J.
nae C. 1870.
b. Stringocepha- = Strmgoceplicdinae, Dall, A.
linae J. C. 1870.
c. Magasinae = Magasinae, Dall, A. J. C.
1870.
d. Kraussininae = Kraussininae, Dall, A. J. C.
1870.
e. Platidiinae = Platidiinae, Dall, A. J. C.
1870.
f. Megathyrinae = Megathyrinae, Dall, A. J.
1870.
300. Thecidiidae == Thecideidae, Dav. Int. 76.
[Helidopoda.)
301. Spiriferidae < Spiriferidae^ Dav. Int. 79.
302. Atrypidae < Spiriferidae^ Dav. Int. 90.
303. Koninckinidae = Koninckinidae, Dav. Int. 92.
304. Rliynchonellidae= Rhynchonellidae, Dav. Int. 93.
a. Pentamerinae
b. Rhynchonelli-
nae
26
305. Siroi^liomenidae = SbvjjJwmenidae, Dav. M. L. S.
N., X, 191.
a. Poramboniti-
nae = Foramho7iitidae, Day. Int. 99.
h. Strojjhomeni'
nae = Stropliomenidae^ Dav. Int. 101.
c. Davidsoninae = Davidsonidae, Dav. Int. 109.
306. Productidae = Produdidaej Dav. Int. 112.
Order XXIY.—LYOPOMATA.
307. Craniidae = Craniadae, Dav. Int. 123.
308. Discinidae = Discinidae, Dav. Int. 125.
309. Lingulidae = Lingulidae, Dall. A. J. C. VI,
1870.
a. Lingulinae = Lingulinae, Dall. A. J. C.
VI, 1870.
h. Oholinae = Oholinae, Dall, A. J. C. VI,
1870.
27
Class F.—POLYZOA.
Order XXY.—PHYLACTOL^MATA.
Sub-Order Lophopodia.
310. Pectinatellidae = Pectinatellidae, Hyatt, P. E. I.
1864-66.
311. Cristatellidae = Cristatellidae, Hyatt, P. E. I.
1864-66.
312. Plumatellidae = Pliimatellidae, Hyatt, P. E. I.
1864-66.
Sub-Order Pedicellinea.
313. Pedicellinidae = Pedicellinidae, Bronn, III, 86.
Order XXYL—GYM^OL^MATA.
Sub-Order Urnatellea.
314. Urnatellidae = Urnatellidae, Bronn, III, 86.
Sub-Order Paludicellea.
315. Paludicellidae = Paludicellidae, Bronn, HI, S6.
Sub-Order Chtlostomata.
[IncrusMa or Rigida.)
316. Selenariidae = Selenariadae, Bronn, III, 86.
317. Steginoporklae = Steginoporidae, Bronn, III, 86.
28
318. Eschariporidae = Escliariporidae, Bronn, III, 86.
319. Porellinidae = Porellinidae, Bronn, III, 86.
320. PorelUdae = Porellidac, Bronn, III, 86.
321. Escharellidae = Escharellidae, Bronn, III, 86.
322. Escharellinidae = Escliarellinidae, Bronn, III, 86.
323. Porinidae = Porinidae, Bronn, III, 86.
324. Escharinellidae = Escharinellidae, Bronn, III, 85.
325. Escharidae = Escharidae, Bronn, III, 85.
326. Flustrinidae = Flustrinidae, Bronn, III, 85.
327. Flnstrellidae = Fliistrellidae, Bronn, III, 85.
328. Fliistrellariidae = Flustrellariadae, Bronn, III,
85.
329. Hippothoidae = Hippothoidae, Bronn, III, 8-1.
[Radicellata.)
[Radicellata fiexilia,)
330. Gemellariidae = Gemellariadae, Bronn, III, 84.
331. Farciminariidae= Farciminariadae, Bronn, IH,
84.
332. Flustridae = Flustridae, Bronn, III, 84.
333. Bicellariidae = Bicellariadae, Bronn, III, 84.
334. Electrinidae = Electrinidae, Bronn, III, 84.
335. Scriipariidae = Scrupariadae, Bronn, III, 83.
[Radicellata articidata.)
336. Salicornariidae =^ Salicornariadae, Bronn, III, 83.
337. Cellulariidae = Cellulariadae, Bronn, III, 83.
338. Catenicellidae = Catenicellidae, Bronn, III, 83.
29
Sub-Order Ctenostomata.
339. Hislopiidae = Hislopiaclae, Bronn, III, 83.
340. Alcyonidiiclae = Alcyonidiadae, Bronn, m, 83.
341. Yesiculariidae = Vesiculariadae, Bronn, EI, 83.
Sub-Order Cyclostomata.
[Articulata.)
342. Crisiidae = Crisiadae, Bronn, III, 82.
[Tnarticulata.)
[Inarticulata opercidata.)
343. Eleiclae = Eleidae, Bronn, IE, 82.
344. Myriozoidae = Myriozoidae, Bronn, III, 82.
[Inarticulata fasciculata.)
345. Fascigeridae = Fascigeridae, Bronn, III, 82.
346. Fasciporidae ^= Fasciporidae, Bronn, III, 81.
(Tnarticulata tuhulata.)
347. Tubigeridae = Tiibigeridae, Bronn, HE, 81.
348. Sparsidae = Sparsidae, Bronn, III, 80.
349. Clausidae = Clansidae, Bronn, III, 80.
350. Crisinidae = Crisinidae, Bronn, III, 80.
351. Caveidae = CaveidaC; Bronn, III, 79.
[Inarticulata foraminata.)
352. Ceidae = Ceidae, Bronn, III, 79.
353. Cavidae = Cavidae, Bronn, III, 79.
354. Cytidae = Cytidae, Bronn, III, 79.
355. Crescidae = Crescidae, Bronn, III, 79.
30
Order XXYH?—RHABDOPLEIJRAE.
356. Rhabdopleuri- = Rhabdopleiira, Allm. Q. J. M.
dae S., IX, n. s., 57.
L
LIST OF AUTHORS REFERRED TO.
The following enumeration of works is chiefly intended to explain the abbrevia-
tions used in connection with the preceding list of families, and as the works most
accessible to students generally have been used, whenever they could be referred
to in explanation of the limits of families adopted, titles of the most elaborate and
valuable monographs and catalogues of families and other groups have been entirely
omitted, although the compiler has been fortunate enough to be enabled to make
use of them. Special monographs have only been referred to when the groups in
connection with which they are cited have not been limited in the same manner in
general works.
In order, however, to facilitate the use of the list, as well as reference to the
series in question, Mr. Lovell Reeve's " Conchologia iconica" has been catalogued,
and all the monographs hitherto published enumerated, with references to the
families to which the respective genera belong in the present system.
For the information of students, and because it is information often desired, the
publishers' prices of most of the works cited are given, in the currency of the
country where they were published. Many of the separate monographs reprinted
from journals can be obtained from the second-hand book dealers^especially the
German—and from the Naturalists' Agency of Salem, Mass., but at varying prices.
In order to secure uniformity of typography, only the initial letters of the charac-
teristic words are capital, the example of the learned brothers Grimm, as well as
other German writers, sanctioning such usage for their language. The punctuation
of the respective title-pages is adopted.
ADAMS (Henry «»(? Arthur). The genera of recent Mollusca; arranged ac-
cording to tlieir organization. • • • . In three volumes. • • • . Vol. I. [-] III.
London : John Van Voorst, .... 1858. [8vo., V. I, 484 pp. ; V. II, 2 p. 1.
661 pp. ; Atlas, 3 p. 1. 138 pi. w. 138 1. opposite. PubUshed in 36 parts, 1st
Jan. 1853—1st Nov. 1858, at 2 sh. 6 d., plain ; 5 sh., animals colored, per part.]
ALBERS (Johann Christian). Die Heliceen nach natiirlicher verwandtschaft
systematisch geordnet von Joh. Christ. Albers, • • • . Zweite ausgabe nach
dem hinterlassenen manuskript besorgi von Eduard von Martens. Leip-
zig, Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann. 18G0. [8vo., xviii. 359 pp.—3 th. 7^^ ngr. ]
ALDER (Joshua) and Albany HANCOCK. A monograph of the British
Nudibranchiate mollusca : with figures of all the species. • • • . London :
Printed for the Ray Society, 1845. [Imp. 4to., 5 p. 1. 54 pp. 138 1., xl pp. 1 1.,
- 83 pi. Published in parts, 1845-55.]
[The arrangement of the Nndibranchiata is mostly adopted from Alder and
Hancock (op. cit. pp. xiv.—xxiv.). In place, however, of the sincjle family
( n)
•62
Dorididae, two (185, 18G) are adopted; four (187, 188, 189, 190) instead of tlie
Polyceridae, and two (195, 196) disintegrated from the Heroidae.]
ALDER (Joshua) and Albany HANCOCK. Notice of a collection of Nudi-
branchiate moUusca made in India by Walter Elliott, Esq., with descriptions
of several new genera and species. (1863.) < Transactions of the Zoological
Society of London, V, 1866, 113-147, pi. 28-33.
ALLMAN (George James). On Rhabdopleura, a new form of polyzoa, from
deep-sea dredging in Shetland. <: Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science :
[etc.], IX, n. s., 1869, 57—63, pi. 8.
AMERICAN Journal of Conchology. Volume I. [— ] II. Edited by George W.
Tryon, Jr., .... Philadelphia: George W. Tryon, Jr., 625 Market Street.
1865 [—1 1866. [Published quarterly, at $3 per number, or $10 per year.]
The same. Volume III. [
—
] V. Published by the Conchological section of
the Academy of Natural Sciences. • • «. Philadelphia: Conchological section
of the Academy of Natural Sciences. • • • . 1867 [—] 1870. [Published at $10
per annum, payable in advance. ]
BARRANDE (Joachim). Caracteres distinctifs des Nautilides, Goniatides ct
Ammonides.—Etablissement du genre Nothoceras, • • • . < Bulletin de la
fiociete geologique de France. 2© serie. XIII, 372-389, pi. 11—12, 1856.
[The genera enumerated in this article are co-equal with and arranged in
the same sequence as the families of Goniatitoidea and Ammonitoidea, which
are equivalent to the families Nautilides and Goniatides of Barrande.]
Systems eilurien du centre de la BohSme • • • . !«''« partie : Recherches
paleontologiques. Vol. II. Texte. Classe des mollusques. Ordre des Cepha-
lopodes. 1867. Chez I'auteur et editeur ] a Prague .... a Paris, .... [4to.,
xxxvi, 712 pp.—40 fr.]
Thcsame. [Atlas.] l^re partie: Recherches paleontologiques. Vol. II. Cepha-
lopodes. [ltTe_3me serie, as below.] 1865 [-] 1868. Chez I'auteur et edi-
teur
I
a Prague, • • •
. a Paris. .... [4to. ]
lere serie : Planches 1 a 107. 1865. [100 fr.]
2'ne serie : Planches 105 a 244. 18G6. [125 fr.]
3me s^rie : Planches 245 a 350. 1868. [140 fr.]
BAUR (Albert). Beitrage zurnaturgeschichte der Synaptadigitata. Dritte
abhandlung: Die eingeweideschnecke (Ilelicosyrinx parasita) in der leibes-
hohle der Synapta digitata. • • •. Dresden. Druckvon E. Blochmann& sohn.
1864. [4to., 2 p. 1. 119 pp. pi. vi.—viii.] <Novorum Actorum AcademiiB
Copsarere Leopoldino-Carolinoe naturae curiosorum XXXI. 1864.
BRONN (Heinrich Georg). Die klassen und ordnungen des Thierreichs, wissen-
gchaftlich dargestcUt in wort und bild .... Dritter band. Malucozoa ....
Leipzig und Heidelberg. C. F. "Winter'sche verlagshandlung, 1862-66. [Pub-
lished in 48 parts, 8to., 1862-66, at ^ th. per part, and bound in 2 vols., with
double titles, general and special, viz :]
III, 1. Die klassen und ordnungen der "Weichthiere (Malacozoa), wissenschaft-
lich dargestellt in wort und bild. Von Dr. H. G. Bronn. . • • . Dritten band
erste abtheilung. Kopflose "Weichthiere (Malacozoa Acephala). .... [3
titles, pp. 1-518, pi. 44, w. 44 opp. expl. 1. 1862.]
Ill, 2. Dr. n. G. Bronn's klassen und ordnuugen der Weichtliicre (Mala-
cozoa), wissenschaftlich dargcstellt in wort und bild. Fortgesetzt von
"Wilkelm Kcfersteiu, M. D. .... Dritten baudos zweitc abtlieilung.
Kopftrageude Weichthiere (Malacozoa Cephalophora). . • • . [3 titles, pp.
521-1500, pi. 45-136, w. 92 opp. expl. 1. 1863-66.]
CARPENTER (Philip P . . .). First steps towards a monograph of the Coe-
cidre, a family of rostriferous gasteropoda. <: Proceedings of the Zoological
Society of London. Part XXA'I, 1858, 413—444.
Lectures on Mollusca; or, "shell-fish" and their alhes. Prepared for the
Smithsonian Institution, by Philip P. Carpenter, B. A., Ph. D., of Warrington,
England. < Annual report of the board of regents of the Smithsonian Insti-
tution, . . . for . . . 18G0, 1861, 151—383.
[Reprinted, with index, 140 pp., Washington, I860.]
CHENU (Jean Charles). Manuel de conchyliologie et de paleontologie conchy-
liologique par le Dr. J. C. Chenu • • • . Paris | Librairie Victor Masson • • • .
1859 [-] C3. [8vo., 3 y. I, 2 p. 1. vii, 5C8 pp. ; II, 3 p. 1. 327 pp. Published
in 3 parts, 1859-61 @ 12.50 + 12.50+ 20= 45 fr. ; reduced now to 32 fr.]
CHITTY (Edward). On Stoastomidse as a family, and on seven proposed new
genera, sixty-one new species, and two new varieties from Jamaica. < Pro-
ceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part XXV, 1857, pp. 163—301.
CROSSE (H . • . ). Note sur nn genre [Rhodosoma] intermediare entre les
ascidiens et les mollusques lamellibranches. < Journal de conchyliologie,
Y. XV (3e serie, t. VII), 1867, 101—107.
CROSSE (H • • •) and Paul FISCHER. Etude sur la machoire et Tarmature
liuguale des Cylindrellidre et des quelques genres voisins sous la rapport con-
chyliologique. < Journal de conchyliologie, v. XVIII (3e serie. t. X), 1870,
5—37, pi. 3—5.
DALL (William Healey). Materials for a monograph of the family Lepetidoe.
< American Journal of Conchology. V, 140—150, PI. xv. 1870.
Materials toward a monograph of the Gadiniidse. <Ib. VI, 8—23, pi. 2
and 4, fig. 1—3, 13—13. 1870.
Remarks on the anatomy of the genus Siphonaria, with a description of a
new species. <Ib. VI, 30—41, ph 4—5. 1870.
On the genus Pompholyx and its allies, with a revision of the Limnseidae
of authors. <: Annals of the Lyceum of Xatural History of New York. IX,
333—361 ; PI. ii. 1870.
A revision of the Terebratulidse and Linguhdse, with remarks on, and de-
scriptions of, some recent forms. < American Journal of Conchology. VI.
88—168, pi. 6, 7, and 8. 1870.
On the limpets ; with special reference to the species of the west coast of
America, and to a more natural classification of the group. <Ib. VI, 1870.
(In press.)
DAVIDSON (Thomas). British fossil Brachiopoda. By Thomas Davidson,
Esq., F.G.S., . . • . Vol. I. With a general introduction : I. On the anatomy
of Terebratula. By Professor Owen, .... II. On the intimate structure of
3 32
34
the shells of the Brachiopoda. By Professor Carpenter, • • • . III. Ou the
classilication of the Brachiopoda. By Thomas Davidson, • • • . London
:
Printed for the Palseoutographical Society. 1851
—
18j4. L^to. 1 p. 1. 136 pp.
9 pi. w. 9 1. expL]
DAVIDSON (Thomas). Introduction a I'histoire naturelle dcs Brachiopodes
vivants et fossiles, ou considerations generales sur la classification de ces
etres en families et en genres ; par Thomas Davidson, Esq., • • • . Traduit
de I'Auglais par M. Eudes-Deslongchamps, • . • ; et par M. Eugene Eudes-
Deslongchamjis, • • •. <:Memoires de la Societe linneene de Normandie.
X, 18.")G, 71—271, pi. <)—14, with 9 1. explan.
[A translation of the third part of the preceding work, with modifications
by the author.]
DESHAYES (Gerard Paul). Description des animaux sans vertebres decou-
verts dans la bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la Description des
coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris comprenant une revue generale de toutes
les especes actuellement connues, par 6. P. Deshayes.
—
[See "Contents."]
Paris, J. B. BailUere et fils, .... 18G0 [— ] 18G6. [50 livr., chaque livr. 5 fr.]
CONTENTS.
Tome premier.—Texte. Mollusques Acephales Dimyaires. Accompagne d'un
Atlas de 89 planches. . . . 18G0. [2 p. 1. 912 pp.]
Tome deuxieme.—Texte, Mollusques Acephales Monomyaires et Brachio-
podes. Mollusques Cephales. Premiere partie. Accompagne d'un Atlas
de G4 planches. (Planches 1 a G4.) • • . 18G4. [3 p. 1. 9G8 pp.]
Tome troisieme.—Texte. Mollusques Cephales, deuxieme partie. Mollusques
Cephalopodes. Accompagne d'un Atlas de 42 planches. (Planches G5 a
107.) . . . 18G6. [2p. L GG7pp.]
Atlas. Tome premier.
—
(89 planches.) Mollusques Acephales. • • . 1860.
[2p.L [92] pp. [89] pL]
Atlas. Tome deuxieme.
—
(107 planches.) Mollusques Cephales et Mollusques
Cephalopodes. . • . 18GG. [2 p. 1. 107 pp. 107 pi.]
[This work is cited as containing the latest general revision of the classi-
fication of the Conchifera, by one who has perhaps devoted more attention to
those animals than any other naturalist.]
DESLONGCHAMPS (Jacques Armand Eudes). Description d'un nouvcau
genre de cdquilles bivalves fossiles Eligmus, provenant de la grande oolithe du
departemert du Calvados ; • • • . <Memoircs de la Societe linneene de Kor-
mandie. X, 1856, 272—293, pi. 15—16.
GILL (Theodore Nicholas). Systematic arrangement of the mollusks of the
family Yiviparidie, and others, inhabiting the United States. < Proceedings
of tlie Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 18G3, 33—40.
On the family Strombid;e, and its classification. < American Journal of
Conchology. (Xot yet published.)
GRAY (John Edward). Catalogue of the Mollusca in tlie collection of the
British Museun\. Part I. Ceplialopoda Antepedia. Printed by order of the
trustees. London: 1849. [12mo. viii, 1G4 pp.—4 sh.]
35
GRAY (John Edward.) A list of the genera of recent MoUnsca, their synonyma
and types. < Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. Part XV,
1847, 129—219.
[Republished, with same pagination, and with special title-page, in " Figures
of moluiscous animals, selected from various authors. Etched for the use of
students. By Maria Emma Gray." iv, 1859.]
On the arrangement of the Land Pulmoniferous mnllusca into families.
<The Annals and Magazine of Natural History. VI, Third Series, 1860,
2G7—269.
Notes on the specimens of CalyptraeidsB in Mr. Cummiug's collection.
< Proceedings of the scientific meetings of the Zoological Society of London
for the year 1867, 726—748.
HANCOCK (Albany). See Alder (Joshua) and Hancock.
HUXLEY (Thomas Henry). An introduction to the classification of animals.
.... Loudon : John Churchill & Sons, • • • . 1869. [8vo., 4 p. 1. 147 pp.
6sh.]
[Authority for the Tunicate order Larvalia.]
HYATT (Alpheus). Observations on Polyzoa. Suborder Phylactolamata.
< Proceedings of the Essex Institute, IV, V.
[Author's separate ed., iv, 103 pp., 15 pi. w. 7 intercalated leaves explana-
tory.]
JOURNAL de conchyliologie, comprenant I'etude des animaux, des coquilles
vivautes et des coquilles fossiles, public sous la^ direction de M. Petit de la
Saussaye. Tome premier [— ] quatrieme. A Paris, chez M. Petit de la
Saussaye, . • • , 1850 [— ] 1853.
Journal de conchyliologie public sous la direction de MM_. Fischer et Ber-
nard!. Tome V [— ] VIII. 2© serie. Tome ler [— ] IV. A Paris, chez M.
Bernardi, .... Juillet 1856 [— ] Janvier 1860.
Journal de conchyliologie, public sous la direction de MM. Crosse et Fischer
[et Bernardi, 1861—1863]. 3^ serie. Tome ler [— ] X^e. Vol. IX [— ] XVIIL
A Paris, chez M. Crosse, rue Tronchet, 25. 1861 [— ] 1870.
[Prix de Tabonnemeut: pour France, 16 fr.; pour les pays hors d'Europe,
20 fr.]
LEA (Isaac). A synopsis of the family Unionidfe. • • • Fourth edition, very
greatly enlarged and improved. Philadelphia : Henry C. Lea. 1870. [4to.
XXX pp.
-f bastard title + 25—184 pp.]
MACDONALD (John Denis). On the representative relationships of the fixed
and free Tunicata, regarded as two subclasses of equivalent value ; with some
general remarks on their morphology. Transactions of the Royal Society
of Edinburgh. XXIII, 1864, 171—183, pi. ix, 1862-63.
On the anatomy and classification of the Heteropoda. <Ib. XXIII, 1864,
1—20, pi. i—ii, 1861-63.
MEEK (Fielding Bradford). Remarks on the family Actajonidee, with descrip-
tions of some new genera and subgenera. <: The American journal of science
and arts. Conducted by B. Silliman, B. Silliman, Jr., and James H. Dana
[etc.]. Second series, XXXV, 1863, 84^-9-4.
36
MEEK (Fielding Bradford). Remarks on the family Pteriidte (=Aviculidje)
with dcscriptious of some new fossil genera. < American journal of science
and arts, [etc.] Second series, XXXYII. 1864, 212-220.
Note on the affinities of the Bcllerophontidis. < Proceedings of the Chicago
academy of sciences, I, 9—11, 18G5.
Check list of the invertebrate fossils of North America. Cretaceous and
Jurassic. By F. B. Meek. Washington : Smithsonian Institution. April,
1804. [8vo. 1 p. 1. 40 pp.—25 c] <: Smithsonian miscellaneous collections.
YII, 1807.
MORCH (Otto A • • • L • • • )• Review of the Vermetidae. < Proceedings of
the Zoological Society of London for the year 1861, 145—181, pi. 25 (Part I) ;
ao(;_;.5,55 (p^rt II) ; 1862, 54—83 (Part III).
OWEN (Richard). Mollusca. <The Encyclopaedia Britaunica, . • •. XV,
1857, ;]19—403.
[Authority for the subdivision of Tuuicates into Saccobranchiata, Dactylo-
branchiata, and Taeniobrancldata.]
PFEIFFER (Louis). Monographia Pneumonopormn viventium. Sisteus des-
criptiones systematicas et criticas omnium hujus ordiuis generum et specierum
hodie cognitarum, accedente fossilium euumeralione. • . • . Cassellis.
Sumptibus Theodori Fischer. 1852. [etc, 8vo. xviii, 439 pp.—SHh.]
Ibid. II. Supplementum primum. .... Cassellis. Sumptibus Theo-
dori Fischer. 1858. [8vo. viii, 249 pp.—2 th.]
Ibid. III. Supplementum secundum. • • •. CasseUis Sumptibus Theo-
dori Fischer. 1805. [8vo. 2 p. 1. 284 pp.—2^ th.]
Catalogue of Phaneropneumona, or terrestrial operculated mollusca, in the
collection of the British Museum. Printed by order of the trustees. Lon-
don, 1852. [12mo. 2 p. 1. 324 pp.—5 sh. ]
[A translation of the Monographia Pneumonoporum viventium (1852), with
few modifications, edited by Dr. J. E. Gray.]
• Monographia Auriculaceorum viventium. Sistens descriptiones systematicas
et criticas omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum,
nee non fossilium enumeratione. Accedente Prosipernaceorum nee non generis
Truncatellae historia. Cassellis. Sumptibus Theodori Fischer. 1856. [8vo.
xiii, 209 pp.—2 th.]
Catalogue of Auriculidae, Proserpinidrc, and Truncatellidre in tlie collection
of the British Museum. London : printed oy order of the trustees. 1857.
[12mo. 2 p. 1. 150 pp.—1 sh. 9 d.]
[A translation of the preceding, with slight modifications, edited by Dr.
J. E. Gray.]
PHILADELPHIA (Conchological Section of the Academy of Natural
Sciences of). [Catalogue of recent Mollusca. Viz :
—
]
Catalogue of recent IMoliusca, belonging to the order Pholadacea. By George
W. Tryon, Jr. pp. 1—21. 1808.
Catalogue of the family Solenidje. By T. A. Conrad, pp. 22—29. 1808.
Catalogue of the family Mactrid?e. By T. A, Conrad, pp. 30—47. 1808.
Catalogue of the family Anatinidte. By T. A. A. Conrad, pp. 49—58. 1869.
87
Catalogue of the families Saxicavida?, Myidae and Corbulidse. By George W.
Tryon, jr. pp. 59—G8. 1869.
Catalogue of the family Pandoridfe. By Philip P. Carpenter, pp. G9—71.
18G9.
Catalogue of the family Telliuidte. By George W. Tryon, jr. pp. 72—120.
1869.
Catalogue of the recent species of the family Corbiculadse. By Temple Prime.
pp. 127—187. 1870.
Catalogues of the families Porcellauidse [=Cypraeid8e4-Triviidae—Eratoinaj]
and Amphiperasidfe. By S. R. Roberts, pp. 189—214. 1870.
Catalogue of the known species, recent and fossil, of the family Marginellidse
[+Cystiscidfe+Eratoinoe]. By John H. Rcdfield. pp. 215—269. 1870.
[Although these catalogues have not actually been referred to in the
Arrangement, they are here recorded on account of their usefulness as well as
cognate nature.]
See, also, AMERICAN Journal of Conchology.
REEVE (Lovell Augustus). Conchologica iconica ; or, illustrations of the
shells of Molluscous animals. • • • . London : Reeve, brothers, • • • . 1843 [-]
1845; Reeve, Benham, and Reeve, • . . . 1847 [-] 1849 ; Reeve and Benham,
.... 1851 ; Lovell Reeve, • • • . 1854 [-] 18G0 ; Lovell Reeve & co., ....
1862, [et seq.] [4to., 193 monographs in 17 volumes.]
[The following classified list of the "monographs" is given, in order to serve
as an index to the volumes—a desideratum that has not been supplied by the
publishers—as well as and more especially to serve as a reference from the best
known generic names to the position of the families in the present arrange-
ment, and to give some—although rather inadequate—idea of the numbers of
species. It must be understood, however, that many of the "genera" enume-
rated in the following list are artificial assemblages of species combined on
account of agreement in some more or less marked conchological character,
and that some genera (e.g. Bulimus, Helix, Lucina, Pyrula, etc.) contain
representatives of several widely distinct families. The references in such
cases are to the families containing the typical species of such genera.
The monographs were generally published within a year of dates assigned
to the volumes in which they were subsequently combined.
Vo Tear PI. £. b. d. | Vol. Year. PI. £. s. d
1 1843 131
2 1843 114
3 1845 130
4 1847 110
5 1849 147
6 1851 129
7 1854 210
8 1855 153
9 1856 119
38
CONTENTS.
Class A.—CEPHALOPODA.
Order I.
—
Dibranchiata.
Monograph of the genus. Species. Plates.
Argonauta 5 4
Kautiliis.
Order II.
—
Tktrabranchiata.
5 6
Volume.
.... 12 ...
12
Family.
.. 4
19
Class B.—GASTEROPODA.
Sub-Class DIOECA.
Order III. Pectinibkanchiata.
Adamsiella 17
Ampiillaria 134
Ancillaria 61
Anculotus 53
Buccinum 118
Bullia 26
Calyptrtea 33
Canoellaria 86
Cassidaria 3
Cassis 33
Cerithidea 29
Cerithium 149
Chondropoma 89 11
Columbella 240
Concholepas 2
Conus 333
Crepidula 30
Crucibulum 25
Cyclopborus 104
Cyelostoma....'. 101
Cyclotus 59
Cymljium 18
Cypraea 154
Delphinula 27
Dolium 15
Eburna 9
Eglisia (With Mesalia) 3
Erato 18
Eulima 48
Fasciolaria 10
Ficula 4
Fusus 91
Halia 1
Harpa 9
Ilemis'iiu^ 26
ianthina 25
lo 21
2
89
Monograph of the genus. Sppcios. Plates. Volume. Family.
Lampania 10 2 15 90
Leiostraca 21 3 15 84
Leptopoma 51 8 1.3 fiT
Littorina 107 18 10 82
Mangelia 71 8 3 44
Marginella 159 27 15 51
Melania 473
Melanopsis 10 3 12 87
Melatoma 23 3 12 86
Mesalia and Eglisia 33 1 5 95
Meta 6 1 11 65
Mitra 334 39 2 54
Monoceros 15 4 3 64
Murex 194 37 3 64
Nassa 190 29 8 57
Natica 143 30 9 110
Niso 9 1 15 84
Oliva 99 30 6 61
Oniscia 6 1 5 113
Ovulum 66 14 15 105
Paludina 75 11 14 74
Paludomus 15
Phorus 9 3 1 101
Pirena 11 2 12 87
Pleurotoma 309 40 1 44
Potamides 2 1 15 90
Pterocera 10 6 6 102
Pterocyclos 30 5 14 68
Purpura 80 13 3 64
Pj'ramidella 45 6 15 83
Pyrazus 4 1 15 90
Pyrula 29 9 4 55
Eanella 50 8 2 114
Ricinula 54 6 3 64
Rostellaria 10 3 6 102
Sigaretus 26 5 15 110
Solarium 21 3 15 117
Strombus 56 19 6 102
Struthiolaria 4 1 6 103
Telescopium 2 1 15 90
Terebellum 1 1 -••• 1-i ^02
Terebra 155 27 12 47
Triton 102 20 2 115
Trochita 15 3 11 99
Turbinella 73 13 4 59
Turritella 65 II 5 95
90Tympanotonos 10
Umbrella 3
Vertagus 26
Yoluta 61 22 6„ 52
1 H 182
5 15 90
40
Order IV.
—
TIeteropoda.
Monograph of tJ e gonnf
Carinaria
^llecIes.
3 ...
Plates.
.. 1 ..
Order Y.
—
Riiipidoglossa.
Pissurolla 122 IC ...
Haliotis 73 17 ...
Latia (M'ilL Xavicclla) 2 i ...
Navicella 33 8 ...
Nerita 85 ]9 ...
Neritina 173 37 ...
Phasiiinella 20 6 ...
Scutus 5 2 ..,
Trocluis 99 IG ...
Tugalia 7 1 ...
Turbo 63 13 ....
Zizypliinus 65 8 ....
Patella.
Order VII.-
Chiton 194
Chitonellus 7
Order VI. Docoglossa.
141 42 .
PoLYPLACOPnORA.
33
1
Sub-Class PULMOXIFERA.
Order Vlll.
—
Pulmonata.
Achatina 129
Achatinella 45
Anastoma 5
Bulimus 662
Helix 1495
Partula 25
Scarabus 28
Simpulopsis 14
Siphonaria 36
Yitrina 78
Volume.
... 15 ...
Sub-Class OPISTIIOBRANCHIATA
Order IX.
—
Tectibbanchiata.
Akera 7
Aplustrum 3
Aplysia 48
Atys 30
Bulla 19
Dolabella 6
Dolabrifera 7
Haininea 32
Ilydatina 4
Pleurobranohus 8
Tornatella 22
9
9
9
13
17
13
17
4.
14
Family.
.. 120
136
134
126
126
126
128
137
130
137
128
130
144
142
143
23
6
41
Order X.
—
Nudibranchiata.
No genera monographed.
Sub-Class PTEKOPODA.
Order XI.
—
Thecosomata.
Order XII. Gtymnosomata.
,
No genera monographed.
Sub-Class PROSOPOCEPHALA.
Order XIII.
—
Solexoconcha.
No genera monographed.
Class C—CONCHIFERA.
Order XIV.
—
Dimyaria.
Monograph of the genus. Species. Plates.
Amphidesma 53
Anatina 30
Anodon 154
Area 122
Artemis 61
Aspergillum 19
Capsa 2
Capsella 16
Cardita 60
Cardium 133
Castalia 13
Chama 65 ,
Chamostrea 1
Circe 49
Corbula 43
Crassatella 19
Cucullaea 3
Cypricardia 13
Cytherea 49
Dione C2
Donax 68
Galatea 16
Glauconome 9
Hyria 13
Iridina 5
Isocardia 6
Lueina 69
Lutraria 18
Mactra 125
Meroe 12
Mesodesma 31
Myadora 10
Mycetopus 10
Myochama 4
PeotUDculus 52
7
4
37
17
10.
4 .
1
2
9
22 ,
3
9
1
10
5
3
1
2
10
12
1
15 .
2 .
1 .
11
5
21
3
4
I
4
1
Volume.
14
17
2
6
12 .
10
10
1
12
17
4
14
14
2
1
17
1
14
14
8
16
2
17
16
2
6
8
8
14
8
2
16
12
1
Family.
.. 233
.. 228
.. 258
.. 266
... 238
.. 21S
.. 235
.. 236
..257
.. 246
.. 259
.. 248
.. 248
.. 238
.. 226
.. 256
.. 266
.. 246
.. 238
.. 238
.. 236
.. 240
.. 239
.. 259
.. 259
.. 245
.. 249
.. 231
.. 231
.. 238
.. 2.32
.. 227
.. 260
.. 229
.. 266
42
Monograph of (he gecus. Species. Platen. Tolume. Family.
Pleiodon 2
Psaminobia 59
Psammotella 7
Sanguinolaria 5 .
Soletellina 21
Tapes
.^.
75
Tellina * 345
Thracia 22
Trigonia 4
Tugonia 6
TJnio 525
Venus 141
1
1
4
13
58
3
1
1
9fi
26
Hippopus.
TriJacna
Order XV.
—
Metarrhipt^.
1 1 ...
9 8...
Order XVI. Heteromyaria.
Lithodomus 34 5
Modiola 71 II
Mytilus 61 11
Order XVII.-
Anomia 37 ..
Avicula 75 ..
Crenatula 8 ..
Hemipecten 1 ..
Hinnites 2 ..
Blalleus 13 ..
Pecten 176 ..
Pedum 1 ..
Perna 28 ..
Pinna 66 ..
Placunanomia 14 ..
Spondylus 68 ..
Vulsella 17 ..
-MONOMYARIA.
18
2
1
1
3
35
1
6
34
3
18
2
Order XVIII.—Rudista.
No genera monographed.
Sub-Branch Molluscoidea.
Class D.—TUNICATA.
Order XIX. Saccobranchia.
Order XX.
—
Dactylobranchia.
Order XXI. T^niobranchia.
Order XXII.
—
Larvalia.
No genera monographed.
Class E.—BRACHIOPODA.
Order XXIII.
—
Arthropomata.
Terebratula and Rhynchonella 61 11
16
43
Order XXIV.
—
Lvopomata.
Monograph of llie geinis. Species. Plates. Volume. Family.
Crania 4 1 13 307
Lingula 11 2 13 309
Orbicula 7 1 13 303
STEENSTRUP (Japetus Smith). Overblik over tie i Kjobenliavns museer
opbevarede Bloeksprutter fra det aabiie bav (18G0-G1). [Crauchiailbrmes.]
< Oversigt over dct Kgl. danske viderskabernes selskabs forliaudliiiger og dets
medlemmers arbcider i aaret 1861, 69—86.
STIMPSON (William). On certain genera and families of Zoopbagous Gas-
teropods. < American Journal of Concbology. I, 55—64, pi. 8, 9. 1865.
Researcbes upon the Hydrobiinge and allied forms; cbiefly made upon
materials in tbe museum of tbe Smithsonian Institution. By Dr. William
Stimpson. Washington : Smithsonian Institution. August, 186.5. [8vo. 2 p. 1.
59 pp.—50 c] < Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. YII.
TROSCHEL (Franz Hermann). Das gebiss der Schnecken zur bcgrundung
einer natiirlichen classification untersucht von Dr. F. H. Troschel, • • •
.
Erster band. Mit zwanzig kupfertafeln von Hugo Troschel. Berlin. Kico-
laische verlagsbuchhandluug. (G. Parthey.) 1856—1863. [4to. viii, 252 pp.
20 pi. and 20 1. explan. opposite. Published in 5 parts, lief. 1—4, each 2 th.
20 ngr.; lief. 5, 3 th.; complete, 13|lh. Zweiten bandes erste [
—
] drUte hefer-
ung. pp. 1-132, pi. 1-12, 1866—1869 ; lief. 1—3, each 3 th.]
TRYON (George Washington, jr.). Synopsis of the recent species of Gas-
trochcenidce [including Brechitidas], a family of acephalous mollusca. <: Pro-
ceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1861, 465—494.
On the classification and synonymy of the recent species of Pholadidse.
<:Ib. 1862, 191—221.
Monograph of the family Teredidse. <:Ib. 1862,453—482.
Observations on the family Strepomatidae [=Ceraphasiidpe]. < American
Journal of Concbology. I, 1865, 93—135.
Monograph of the family Strepomatidse. < lb. I, 1865, 299—341 ; II,
1866, 14—52, 115—133.
TURTON (William). Manual of the land and fresh-water shells of the British
islands. With figures of each of the kinds. By William Turton, M. D. Is e^v
edition, with additions, by John Edward Gray, • • • . London : Longman,
Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts. 1857. (12mo. XVI, 335 pp. 12 pi.)
VAILLANT (Leon). Recherches snr la famille des Tridacnides. <:Annale3
des Sciences Katurelles. Cinquieme serie. Zoologie et paleontologie. IV,
64—172, pi. 8—12, 1865.
WOODWARD (Samuel ?•••) -^ manual of the Mollusca; or, a rudimentary
treatise of recent and fossil sliclls. By S. P. Woodward, A.L.S. • • • Illus-
trated by A. N. W^aterhouse and Joseph Wilson Lowrv. London : John Wcale,
• .
.
, MDCCCLI—VI. [12mo. xvi, 486 pp. 1 front. 24 pi. with 12 interca-
lated leaves explanatory, 1 map.—6 sh. 6 d.—Originally issued in three parts.]
uWOODWARD (Samuel ?•••)• ^^ manual of the MoUusca: a treatise on
recent and fossil shells. By the late S. P. Woodward, A.L.S. [etc.]. With
numerous illustrations by A. N. Waterhouse and J. W. Lowry, Second
edhion. London: Virtue brothers & co., • • • 18G6. [12mo. xiv, 518 pp. 1
front. 23 pi. with 12 1. explanatory, 1 map.—5 sh. 6 d.]
• Appendix to the Manual of the Mollusca of S. P. Woodward, A.L.S. , con-
taining such recent and fossil shells as are not mentioned in the second edition
of that work. By Ralph Tate, .... Loudon : Virtue & co., .... 1868.
[12mo. 86 pp.—1 sh.]
INDEX TO ARRANGEMENT OF MOLLUSKS.
^branehia, p. 12.
Ariculacea, 70.
Aciculidae, 70.
Aciuaeidae, 139,
Actaeonellidae, 174.
Actaeonidae, 173, 174.
Adacnidae, 247.
Admetacea, 49.
Admetidae, 49.
.iEtheriidae, 20], 262.
Aggregata, p. 23.
Agnatha, p. 12.
Alata, 102.
Alcyonidiadae, 340.
Aleyonidiidae, 340.
Ammonitidae, 33.
Ammonites, 33.
Aramonitoidea, p, 3.
Amnicolinae, 78a.
Amorinna, 62.
Ampbibolidae, 169.
Amphidesmidae, 233.
Araphiperasidae, 105.
Amphyspiradae, 171,
Amphyspiridae, 171.
Amphistridae, 177.
Ampullariacea, 72.
Ampullariidae, 72.
Anatinidae, 228.
Aneillinn, 61.
Ancillinae, 61c.
Ancylidae, 163.
Ancyloceras, 36.
Ancyloceratidae, 36.
Ancylopoda, p. 25.
Anomiacea, p. 22.
Anomiadae, 276.
Anomiidae, 276.
Aphragmites, 27.
Aplysiadae, 179.
Aplysiidae, 179.
Aporrhaidae, 103
Appendieulariadae, 298.
Appendioulariidae, 298.
Arcaeea, p. 21.
Arcacea, 266.
Archilectonidae, 117.
ArcidMe, 266.
Argonautidae, 4.
Arionidae, 156.
Arthropomata, p. 25.
Articulata, p. 29.
Ascidiadae, 285, 285, 287.
Ascidiidae, 286.
Ascoceras, 27.
Ascoceratidae, 27.
Aspergillidae, 218.
Assiminiidae, 75.
Atlantacea, 119.
Atlantidae, 119.
Atrypidae, 302.
Atypoglossa, p. 6.
Auriculidae, 166.
Avioulacea, p. 21.
Bactrites, 30.
Baculina, 42.
Baculinidae, 42.
Baculites, 41.
Baculitidae, 41.
Bactritidae, SO.
Basommatophora, p. 13.
Bathmoceras, 17.
Batbmoceratidae, 17.
Belemnitidae, 15.
Bellerophontacea, p. 11.
Bellerophontidae, 138.
Belopteridae, 14.
Belosepiidae, 12.
Bicellariadae, 333.
Bicellariidae, 333.
Bolteniidae, 287.
Bracbiopoda, p. 25.
Bucardiidae, 245.
Buccinidae, 66.
Buccinina, 66.
Bucoininae, 66b.
Bullidae, 176.
Bullinadae, 175.
Bythiniidae, 80.
Bytbiniiuae, 80.
Caecidae, 92.
Calyptrteidae, 99.
Calyptriidae, 99.
Cancellariacea, 48.
Cancellariidae, 48.
Caprinellidae, 281.
Caprinidae, 282.
Caprotinidae, 283.
Capulacea, 98.
Capulidae, 98.
Cardiacea, p. 19.
Cardiacea, 246, 247.
Cardiidae, 246.
Carditacea, p. 20.
Carditae, 257.
Carditidae, 257.
Carinariacea, 120.
Carinariidae, 120.
Cassidea, 113.
Cassididae, 113.
Cassidulina, 65.
Catenicellidae, 333.
Caveidae, 351.
Cavidae, 353.
Ceidae, 352.
Cephalopoda, p. 1.
Cellulariadae, 337.
Cellulariidae, 337.
Cerithia, 89, 90.
Cerithiacea, 90.
Cerilhiidae, 90.
Ceritbiinae, 90a.
Cerithiopsidae, 89.
Ceratitidae, 32.
Ceratites, 32.
Ceratobianchia, p. 16.
Ceratosoiniilae, 190.
Ceriphasiidae, 86.
Chamacea, p. 20.
Chamacea, 248.
Chamidae, 248.
Cbelyosomidae, 285.
Cbilinidae, 161.
Chiloftomata, p. 27.
Chiroteutbidae, 6.
Chitoiiellidae, 143.
Chitonidae, 142.
Chrysoilominae, 56c.
Cirrhoteulhidae, 1.
Cistulea, 67.
Cistulinae, 67b.
Class A., p. 1.
Class B., p. 4.
Class C, p. 18.
Class D., p. 23.
Clf^ss E., p. 25.
Class F., p. 27.
Ciausidae, 349.
Clavellinacea, p. 23.
Clavellinidae, 288, 289.
Clionacea, 214.
(45)
46
Clionellidae, 45.
Clionidae, 214.
Clymenidae, 28.
Clymeniidae, 28.
Columbellacea, <^5.
ColuinbelHdae, 65.
Conchae, 238.
Conchifera, p. 18.
Conidae, 43.
Conoidea, 43.
Comilaiiidae, 211.
CorbiRuIacea, p- 19.
Corbulidae, 226.
Cram^hiidae, 5.
Craniddae, oflT.
Craniidae, 807.
Crassatellidae, 25&.
Crescidae, 855.
Crioceras, 35.
frioceratidae, 35.
Cri?iadae, 342.
Crisiidae, 342.
Crbinidae, 350.
Cristatellidae, 311.
Cryptellidae, 153.
Ctenostomata. p. 29.
Cyamiidae. 252.
Cycladae, 240.
Cyclonassiiiae, 57a.
Cyclophorea, 68.
Cyclophoridae, 68.
CyclDphorinae, 68b.
Cyclostonaacea, 67.
Cyclostoraata, p. 29.
Cyclo.«toniea, 67.
Cyelostomidae, 67.
Cyclostominae, 67c.
Cyclotacea, 68.
Cyclotea, 68.
CycUitinae, 6Sa.
Cylii-bnidae, 175.
Cylindrellidae, 148.
Cymbuliacea, 210.
Cymbuliidae, 210.
Cyinodoceidae, 216.
Cynodontidae, 68.
Cynodontinae, 58a.
Cypraeacea, 106.
Cypraeinae, 106a.
Cypraeidae, 106.
Cyprinidae, 244'.
Cyrenidae, 240r
Cyrenoididae, 242.
Cyrtoceras, 25.
Cyrtiiceratidne, 25.
Cysti=cidae, 50.
Cytidae, 354.
DactyliTia^ 61.
Dactylobrancbia, p. 24.
Davidsoiiidae, 305.
Davidsoninae, 305c.
Dendronotidae, 195.
Tentaliidae, 217.
Dibrancbiata, p. 1.
Dicranobrancbia, p. 11.
Didemnidae, 2'.>1, 290a.
Digitiglossa, p 9.
Dimyaria, p. IS.
Dioeca, p- 4.
Dipbyllidiadae, 102.
Diphyllidiidae, 192.
Diplommatinacea, 69.
Diplommatininae, 69b.
Discinidae, 308.
Docoglossa, p. 11.
Doliacea, 112.
Doliidae, 112.
Doliolidae, 296.
Donacidae, 236.
Dorididae, 185.
Doridopsidae, 184.
Dotoidae, 198.
Dotonidae, 198.
Dreissenacea, p. 19.
Dreissenidae, 243.
Duplohamata, p. 5.
ElasmogTiatba, p. 13.
Electrinidae, 334.
Eleidae, 343._
Eligmidae, 278.
Eligmu9, 278.
Ellobiinae, 166.
Elysiadae, 204.
Elysiidae, 204.
Emarginulidae, 137.
Entoconcbacea, p. 17.
Entoconchidae, 207.
Eolididae, 201.
Eratoinae, 107b.
Erycinidae, 251.
lEscharellidae, 321.
Escharellinidae, 322.
Escharidae, 325.
Escharinellidae, 324.
Escbariporidae, 318.
Euliinidae, 84.
Farcitninariadae, 331.
Farciininariidae, 331.
Fascigeridae, 345.
Fasciporidae, 346.
Fasciolariacea, 53.
Fasciobiiiidae, 53.
Fasciolariinae, 63b.
Fionidae, 202.
Firolacea, 121.
Fissurellacea, p. 11.
Fissurellidae, 136.
Flustrelhiriadae, 328.
Flustrellariidae. 328.
Flustrellidae, 327.
Flustridae, 332.
Flustrinidae, 326.
Fo?sari, 81.
Fossaridae, 81.
Fusacea, 56, 58.
Fusinae, 53a.
Gadiniiclae, 168.
Galeominidae, 25'4.
Gasteropoda, p. 4.
Gastrocliaenidae, 219.
Geinellariadae, 330.
Gemellariidae, 330.
Geopbila, p. 12.
Glaucidae, 200.
Glauconomidae, 239.
Glauconomyadae, 239.
Glossidae, 245.
Glossoceras, 27.
Glycimerides, 224.
Gompboceras, 24.
Gompboceratidae, 24.
Goniatitidae, 29.
Goniatites, 29.
Goniatitoidea, p. 3.
Goniodorididae, 187.
Goniognatha, p. 12.
Gymnoloeinata, p. 27.
Gymno?ouiata, p. 17.
Gyroceras, 21.
Gyroceratidae, 21.
Haliacea, 46.
Haliidae, 46.
Haliotacea, p. 11.
Haliotidae, 134.
Hamiglossa, p. 5.
Hamites, 37.
Hamitidae, 37.
Hamulina, 39.
Hamulinidae, 39.
Harpacea, 62.
Harpidae, 62.
Helicacea, 150.
Helicidae, 150.
llelicinacea, 124.
Helicinidae, 124.
Helicciceras, 31.
Helictopoda, p. 25.
Hercoceras, 20.
Hercoceratidae, 20,
Hermaeidae, 203.
Heroidae, 196.
Ileterocera?, 31.
Heteromyaria, p. 21.
Heteropoda, p. 10.
Heterosalpinx, 207.
llipponicidae, 97.
Hiiipotboidae, 329.
Hippuritidae, 279, 280, 281,
282, 283.
Eislopiadae,.339.
Hislopiidae, 339.
Ildlngnatba, p. 12.
Hvalacea, 209.
llyalidae, 209.
Ilydrobiinae, 78.
Hydrocaenacea, 122.
Hydrooaenidae, 122.
Hyolithidae, 212.
lanttiinidae, 116.
Iiiibricariiiia, 58.
Imbricariinae, 68b.
Incrustata or Rigida, p. 27.
Tnartieulata, p. 29.
Inarticulata fasciculata, p. 29.
Inavticulataforaminata, p. 29.
Inarticulata oi>erculata, p. 29.
Inarticulata tubulata, p. 29.
47
Inferobranchia, p. 16.
Iridinidiie, 259.
Janellidae, 15S.
Koninckinidae. 30.3.
Kiaussiuinae, 29Ud.
Lacuninae, 82a.
Larvalia, p. 24.
Laseidae, 251,252.
Ledidae, 265.
Lepetidae, 141.
Leptoclinidae, 291.
Leptonidae, 253.
Lieinea, 67.
Licineinae, 67a.
Limacidae, 155.
Limacinacea, 208.
Limacinidae, 208.
Liinapontiadae, 205.
Limapontiidae, 205.
Limidae, 273.
Limnaeidae, 164.
Linmnphila, p. 13.
Lingnlidae, 309.
Lingnlinae, 309a.
Liuplaces, 74.
Lioplacinae, 74a.
Lii.tiadae, 129.
Liotiidne, 129.
Lithophaga, 237.
Littoiinae, 82.
Littorinidae, 82.
Littorininae, 82b.
Lituites, 22.
Litnitidae, 22.
Lophooercidae, 178.
Lophopodia, p. 27.
Loliginidae, 9.
Loligopsidae, 5.
Lucinacea, p. 20.
Lucinidne, 249.
Lyopomata, p. 25.
Maetracea, 231.
Mactridiie, 231.
Macluraeaeea, p. 11.
Maclureadae, 135.
Macluraeidae, 135.
Mngasinae, 290c.
Marginellacea, 51.
Marginellidae, 61.
Marseniidae, 108.
Megathyrinae, 290f.
Melaniae, 88.
Melaniidae, 88.
Melaniinae, 88a.
Melanopidae, 87.
Melatomidae, 45.
Melongenidae, 55.
Mesodesmidae, 238.
Mesodesmides, 232.
Metiirrbiptne, p. 21.
Mitracen, 54.
Mitiidiie, 54.
Molluscoidea, p. 23.
Monomyariajkp. 21.
Muricea, 64.
Muricidae, 64.
Murieinae, 64a.
Mutelidae, 259.
Myacea, p. 18.
Myaires, 225, 226.
Jlycetopodidae, 200.
Mueller.acea, p. 20.
Muelleriidae, 262.
Myidae, 225.
Myochamidae. 229.
Myopsidae, p. 2.
Jlyriozoidae, 344.
Mytilidae, 268.
Naiades, p. 20.
Nassaoea, 67.
Nassidae, 57.
Nassininae, 57b.
Naticaeea, 100.
Naticidae, 110.
Nautilidae, 19.
Nautiloidae, p. 2.
Nautilus, 19.
Neptunina, 66.
Neritacea, p. 10.
Neritidao, 126.
Neritinidae, 126.
Neritopsidae, 100.
Nothocera?, 16.
Nothoeeratidae, 16.
Nucnlidae, 2G4.
Nudibrancbiata, p. 15.
Obolinae, 309b.
Octopoda, p. 1.
0. littorales, p. 1.
0. pelagici, p. 1.
Ootopodidae, 2.
Odontoglossa, p. 5.
Oigopsidae, p. 1.
Oleacinidae, 144.
Olivacea, 61.
Olivellina, 61.
Olivellinae, 61b.
Olividae, 61.
Olivinae, 61a.
Ommastrepbidae, 8.
Oncbidiidae, 160.
Oncbidorididae, 186.
Onustidae, 101.
Onycboteutbidae, 7.
Opistbobranebiata, p. 14.
Order I, p. 1.
Order II, p. 2.
Order III, p. 4.
Order IV, p. 10.
Order V, p. 10.
Order VI, p. 11.
Order VI I, p. 12.
Order VIII, p. 12.
Order IX, p. 14.
Order X, p. 15.
Order XI, p. 17.
Order XII, p. 17.
Order XIII,-p. 17.
Order XIV, p. 18.
Order XV, p. 21.
Order XVT, p. 21.
Order XVII, p. 21.
Order XVIII, p. 22.
Order XIX, p. 23.
Order XX, p. 24.
Order XXI, p 24.
Order XXII, p. 24.
Order XXIII, p. 25.
Order XXIV, p. 26.
Order XXV, p. 27.
Order XXVI, p. 27.
Order XXVII. p. 30.
Ortbalicea, 147.
Ortbaliciilae, 147.
Ortboceras, 26.
Ortboceratidiie, 26.
Oateodesmidae, 228.
Ostreidae, 277.
Ostracea, 277.
0*tracea, p. 22.
Otinidae, 165.
Otininae, 105.
Pacbycbeili, 86.
Paludicfcllea. p 27.
Paludicellidae, 315.
Paludoininae, 8Sc.
Pandorid.ae, 227.
Parmacellidae, 154.
P.atellidae, 140.
Pectinatellidae, 310.
Pectinacea, p. 21.
Pectiiiilirarndiiata, p. 4.
Pectinidae, 274.
Peilicellinea, p. 27.
Fedicellinidae, 313.
Pediculariacea, 104.
Pediculariidae, 104.
Pelonaeidae, 284.
Peliibrancbiata, p. 16.
Pentamerinae, 304a.
Peropboracea, p. 23.
Perophoridae, 283.
Petricolidae, 237.
Petropbila, p. 14.
Philinidae, 170.
Pbiloiuycenidae, 152.
Philomyeidae, 152.
Philonexidae, 3.
Ph(dadacea, p. 18.
Pholadidae, 221.
Pboladomyadae, 230.
Pboladomyidae, 230.
Pbotina, 56.
Ph((tiiiae, 56a.
Phragmoeeras, 23.
Pbraginoceratidae, 23.
Phylaetolaeinata, p. 27.
Pbyllidiartae, 191.
Piivllidiidae, 191.
Phyllirrboidae, 206.
Physidae, 162.
Pinnidae, 269.
Pisidiidae, 241.
Placunidae, 275.
Planaxes, 91.
Planaxidae, 91.
Platidiinae, 290o.
48
Pleurohranchidae, 183.
Pleurobianchiidae, 183.
Pleurotomacea, 44.
Pleurotomariacea, p. 11.
Pleurotomaridae, 132.
Pleurotoiuariidae, 132.
Pleurotoniidae. 44.
Plumatellidae, 312.
Pneumodertuacea, 215.
Pneumodermonidae, 215.
Podophlhaltua, p. 10.
Polj'branchia, p. 16.
Polyceradae, 188.
Polyceridae, 188.
Polyclinidae, 292.
Polyclininae, 292, 29.?.
Polyplacoj)hora, p. 12.
Polyzoa, p. 27.
Poiuatiacea, 66.
Poinatiidae, 66.
Pomatiop.sidae, 77.
Puuiatiupsinae, 77.
Poratnbonitidae, 305.
Porambonitinae, 305a.
Purellidae, 320.
Porellinidae, 319.
Poridinae, 323.
Potainide.s 90.
Potamidinae, 90b.
Proboscidil'era, p. 9.
Proctonotidae, 199.
Productidae, 306.
Proserpinacea, 125.
Proserpinidae, 125.
Prosnpocephala, p. 17.
Proteol)ranchia, p. 11.
Psammcibidae, 235.
Psammobiidae, 235.
Pseudobranchia, p. 10.
Ptenoglossa, p. 10.
Pteriidae, 270.
Pterocymodoceidae, 216.
Pteropoda, p. 17.
Pterotiachaeidae, 121.
Ptychatractidae, 63.
Ptychocerac, 38.
Ptychooeratidae, 38.
Pupacea, 149.
Pupidae, 149.
Pnpinea, 69.
Pupinidae, 69.
Pupininae, 69a.
Piiliiionil'era, p. 12.
'
Puluionata, p. 12.
Purpuracea, 64.
Purpuiin;ie, 64b.
Pustulariinae, 106b.
Pj'gobrancliia, p. 15.
Pyi-auiidellidae, 83.
Pyrosomalidae, 295.
Pyrosiiinidae, 295.
Pyrulidae, 111.
Radicellnta, p. 28.
Radieellata articulata, p. 28.
Iladicellata fle.tiUa, p. 28.
Rndiolitidae, 2S0.
Badulidae, 272.
Ranellacea, 1 14.
Kanellidae, 114.
Rliabodpleura, 356.
Rhabdopleurae, p. 30.
Rhabdopleuridae, 356.
Rhaehiglossa, p. 4.
Rhiphidoglo.^sa, p. 10.
Rhodosoma, 267a.
Rhodosomidae, 287a.
Rhynchonellidae, 304.
Rhjnchonellinae, 304b.
Ringiculidae, 172.
Rissoellidae, 76.
Rissoidae, 78.
Rissoinae, 78b.
Rissoininae, 78c.
Rostrifera, p. 6.
Roteliadae, 127.
Rotellidae, 127.
Rudistik, p. 22.
Runcinndae, 180.
Runcinidae, IbO.
Saccobrancbia, p. 23.
Salicornariadae, 336.
Salicornariidae, 336.
Salpidae, 297.
Saxicavidae, 224.
Scalariadae, 118.
Sealariidae, 118.
Scapbites, 34.
Scaphitidae, 34.
Scissurellidae, 133.
Scrupariadae, 335.
Scrupariidae, 335.
Scyllaeidae, 194.
Selenariadae, 316.
Selenariidae, 316.
Sepiidae, 11.
Sepiolidae, 10.
Sepiophora, p. 1.
Seraphyinae, 102b.
Sigiilinidae, 290.
Siphonariidae, 107.
Skeneidae, 79.
Skeueinae, 79.
Sociales, p. 23.
Solariidae, 117.
Solecurtidae, 223.
Solemyaeea, p. 20.
Solemyadae, 255.
Solemyidae, 255.
Solenacea, p. 18.
Solenacees, 222, 223.
Solenidae, 222.
Solenoconcba;, p. 17.
Solitaria, p. 23.
Sparsidae, 34S.
Spirifeiidae, 301, 302.
Spirulidae, 13.
Spondylidae, 272.
Steginoporidae, 317.
?toai?toinidae, 123.
Stoniatellidae, 131.
Strepomatidae, 86.
Streptaxidae, 145.*
Strigatellacea, 00.
Stringocephalinae, 290b.
Strombidae, 102.
Strombinae, 102a.
Stropbiimenidae, 305.
Stro|ihomeniiiae, 305b.
Styliferidae, 85.
Subnuda, p. 13.
Succinea, 157.
Succinidae, 157.
Sycotypidae, 1 1 1.
Synoeciidae, 293.
Taeniobrancbia, p. 24.
Taenioglos.sa, p. G.
Tectibrancliiata, p. 14.
Tellinidae, 234.
Tenagodidae, 94.
Terebracea, 47.
Terebratulidae, 209.
Terebratulinae, 299a.
Terebridae, 47.
Teredinidae, 220.
Teredidae, 220.
Testacellea, 144. 146.
Testacellidae, 146.
Tethyadae, 197.
Tethyidae, 197.
Tetrabranehiata, p. 2.
Thalassopbila, p. 14.
Thecideidae, 300.
Thecidiidae, 300.
Thecosomata, p. 17.
Thiarae, 83.
Tiaiinae, 88b.
Togata, p. 13.
Toxocera?, 40.
Toxoceratidae, 40.
Tuxoglo.s.«a, p. 4.
Trichotropidae, 96.
Tridacnidae, 2!') 7.
Tridacnide.a, 207.
Trigonea, 263.
Trigoniacea, p. 21.
Trigoniidae, 2S3.
Triopidae, 189.
Tritoniaoea, 1 15.
Tritoniadae, 193.
Tritonidae, 115.
Tiitoniidae, 193.
Triviacea, 107.
Triviidae, 107.
Triviinae, 107a.
Trocbacea, p. 10.
Trocbidae, 130.
Trochoeeras, 18.
Trochoceratidae, 18.
Truncatellacea, 71.
Truncatellidae, 71.
Tubigeridae, 347.
Tunicata, p 23.
Turbinellidae, 59.
Turbinidae, 128.
Tiirridae, 60.
Turrilites, 31.
Turrilitidae, 31.
Turritellae, 95.
Turritellidae, 95.
Tybidinadae, 181.
Tjlodinidae, 181.
49
Typioa, p. 4.
Umbrelladae, 182.
Umbrellidae, 182.
Ungulinidae, 250.
Unionidae, 258.
Urnatellea, p. 27.
Urnatellidae, 314.
Vaginulidne, 159.
Valvatae, 73.
Valvatidae, 73.
Yasidae, 59.
Vasina, 58.
VelutinidMe, 109.
Veneracea, p. 19.
Veneridae, 228.
Veniliidae, 244.
Yermetacea, 9o, 94.
Yermetidae, 93.
Yeronicellidae, 159.
Yesiculariadsie, 341.
Yesiculariidae, 341.
Yitrinea, 151.
Vitrinidae, 151.
33
Vivipari, 74.
Yivipaiidae, 74.
Yiviparinae, 74b.
Yolutacea, 52.
Yolutidae, 52.
Yolutina, 52.
Yolutinae, 52b.
Yolutomitrina, 52.
Yolutomitrinae, 52a.
Yulsellidae, 271.
Tetina, 52.