Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution CHARLES L. STAINES and SUSAN L. STAINES I I W9\ SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY ? NUMBER 585 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. I. Michael Heyman Secretary Smithsonian Institution S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O Z O O L O G Y ? N U M B E R 5 8 5 Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Charles L. Staines and Susan L. Staines SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1997 A B S T R A C T Staines, C.L. and S.L. Staines. Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 585, 25 pages, 1997.?The Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) type material in the National Museum of Natural History (USNM) is cataloged. Verbatim label data is given for all type specimens. Type specimens that should be present in the USNM but are not also are given. Specimens with type labels that do not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature are excluded and are clearly labelled in the collection. The collection contains 42 holotypes and 17 lectotypes. There are allotypes of four species, paratypes of 92 species, paralectotypes of 16 species, and syntypes of 57 species. A lectotype and two paralectotypes are designated for Microrhopala floridana Schwarz. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Annals of the Smithsonian Institution. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data National Museum of Natural History (U.S.) Type specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History. Smithsonian Institution / Charles L. Staines and Susan L. Staines. p. cm.?(Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ; no. 585) Includes bibliographical references. I. Chrysomelidae?Type specimens?Catalogs and collections?Washington (D.C.) 2. National Museum of Natural History (U.S.)?Catalogs. I. Staines, Charles L. II. Staines, Susan L. III. Title. IV. Series. QL1.S54 no. 585 [QL596.C5] 590 s?ds 21 [595.76'48] 96-44556 CIP ? The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48?1984. Contents Page Introduction 1 Acknowledgments 1 Methods 1 Catalog of Type Specimens 2 Literature Cited 24 in Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Charles L. Staines and Susan L Staines Introduction While curating the Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum Of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (NMNH), we noticed numerous specimens labelled holotype or allotype. This was surprising because collection policy states that all primary types are to be kept in a separate type collection. Secondary types are kept in the general collection. Proper curation of these specimens led to a review and verification of all Hispinae types deposited in the national collections. The NMNH collection contains 42 holotypes and 17 lectotypes. There are allotypes of four species, paratypes of 92 species, paralectotypes of 16 species, and syntypes of 57 species. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.?We thank R.E. White, USDA, Sys- tematic Entomology Lab, for access to the collection. P.J. Spangler, Smithsonian Institution, and F.C. Thompson and D.R. Miller, Systematic Entomology Lab, assisted in determin- ing the status of various specimens. G.A. Samuelson, Bishop Museum, assisted in determining the status of some Gressitt types. Charles L Staines, Collaborating Scientist, and Susan L. Staines, Volunteer, Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. Review Chairman: John M. Burns, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560. Reviewers: R. Wills Flowers, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307; David G. Furth, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560; Edward G. Riley, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University, College Station, Texas 77843-2475; Richard E. White, USDA, ARS, SEL, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington. DC. 20560. METHODS In order to verify the status of the specimens we consulted the original descriptions. In most instances the data from the labels matched that cited in the original description. In numerous cases the text stated that a type was deposited in either the Smithsonian Institution or the USNM (collections of the former United States National Museum, now in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution). If the label data did not match the data presented in the original description, further investigation was conducted. Eight of Gressitt's paratypes had label data differing from the original description. According to Article 72b-vii (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN)) these eight specimens are not types. However, Recommendation 72B (ICZN) states that external evidence may be used in determining whether a specimen is a type. Samuelson (pers. comm.) stated that Gressitt did not always record the label data for each type specimen in his publications but that all specimens examined were clearly labelled. The collection at the Bishop Museum has many Gressitt type specimens that are not cited in the original description. We think that this external evidence is sufficient to render the specimens types. Also, the discrepancies are only a day or two from the original description. Another major problem was Uhmann's (1950a) lectotype designations (calling them holotypes) of 18 species he described earlier (Uhmann, 1930a). Uhmann (1950a) did not mention the label data of the specimens designated as lectotypes but simply listed the species and stated the specimens were deposited in the USNM. Seven of the 18 species have label data that does not match the original description, usually an unlisted locality or the collection date several years different than the published one. Uhmann's type SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY labels are hand written or typed red cards with only holotype or paratype. Although the invalid specimens are labelled in a similar manner to the valid ones, without a definite Uhmann label we cannot be confident that these specimens are the lectotypes. Another consideration is that the Gaedike and Dobler (1971) catalog of the Uhmann types in the Deustschen Entomologischen Institutes cites paralectotypes of Uhmann, 1930a, species with the label data mentioned in the original description. The final problem is that Nevermann material, although present in the NMNH collection, also is present in other collections, so that the stated type series may be housed elsewhere. We could find no external evidence to support five designations, and thus they are not eligible for lectotype designations. The invalid species are Homalispa nevermanni Uhmann (1930a:212), Cephaloleia aequilata Uhmann (1930a:223), C. exigua Uhmann (1930a:230), C. reventazonia Uhmann (1930a:226), and Xenochalepus deficiens Uhmann (1930a:247). The specimens of Demotispa strandi Uhmann, 1930a:213, and Sceloenopla nevermanni Uhmann, 1930a:242, bearing the lectotype label are not from the type series. A second specimen of each of these two species, labelled paralectotype, is from the type series and is treated herein as a syntype. Specimens in the NMNH with type designations that were not cited in the original description and for which we could find no external evidence to support a type designation are excluded from this catalog. Specimens are clearly labelled by us as not types and remain in the general collection. Further literature research on the deposition of Pic and Uhmann types often clarified the issue (Descarpentries and Villiers, 1959; Gaedike and Dobler, 1971). In some instances, however, these articles raised more questions. If there was any taxonomic work on a particular group, these papers also were reviewed for type designations. In several instances an author stated that a type or types were deposited in the USNM, but we failed to locate them. Whether this was due to the specimen not being deposited or for other reasons, we were unable to determine. These types are Asamangulia longispina Gressitt (1950:104), paratype; Dac- tyl ispa kaulina Gressitt (1950:118), paratype; D. planispina Gressitt (1950:125), paratype; Sumitrosis arnetti Butte (1969:18), paratypes. The former F. Nevermann collection came to the Smith- sonian prior to 1950. Nevermann amassed an extensive collection of Costa Rican Hispinae. The Nevermann material was identified by Uhmann and contains numerous type specimens. Nevermann used green labels for locality data. Each specimen contains two green labels, the upper one with country, date, and "F. Nevermann." The second, affixed so that the writing is opposite that of the first label and flush with it, contains locality and collector. In the text of the catalog the second green label is referred to as "reversed green label." The F.A. Monros collection was purchased by the NMNH from his widow. The collection contains 58,364 chrysomelids from throughout the world. In addition to Monros type material, types of Baly, Jacoby, Daguerre, Weise, Pic, and others were obtained by exchange (Blake, 1961). Many of the specimens labelled as paratypes are really syntypes. The J. Daguerre collection was purchased by the NMNH in 1968. It contains 32,418 Argentinian Coleoptera and Neurop- tera. The collection contains Uhmann and Monros type material. The following catalog of NMNH Hispinae types is arranged alphabetically by species and subspecies names, followed by authors) name, date and page number of original description, and the original generic placement. If the species is currently in another genus that name follows in brackets. A slash (/) separates data on different labels. The comments in brackets mention label color or other descriptive information. If the handwritten label data is illegible, the word or phrase is followed by (?). Generic placement, species names, and synonyms are used as in Uhmann (1957b, 1958, 1964) unless noted in a more recent work. Throughout the catalog, the following codens are used: B.P. Bishop Museum (BPBM), The Natural History Museum, London (BMNH; formerly the British Museum (Natural History)), Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes (DEI), and National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM; collections of the former United States National Museum). Catalog of Type Specimens adusta Uhmann, 1930a:218. Cephaloleia. Label Data: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann [green label] / Westabhang des Vulkans, Irazu, 1500-2000 m [re- versed green label] / Allotype [red label] / Cephaloleia adusta 9 n. sp. Uhmann 28 / Type No. 54623 USNM [orange label]. Remarks: Described from one male and one female collected 23-11-25, Westabhang des Vulkans, Irazu, 1800-2000 m. Uhmann, 1950b:274, designated the male as the lectotype and deposited it in the Uhmann collection, now in the DEI (Gaedike and Dobler, 1971). The USNM specimen is a paralectotype under Article 74(a)ivoftheICZN. aequilata Uhmann, 1930a:223. Cephaloleia. Remarks: Original description describes the species from an unknown number of specimens collected at Hamburg Farm, auf Bliiten, XI 1.23. Uhmann, 1950a:336, designated the lectotype from the Never- NUMBER 585 mann collection, now in the USNM (Ward et al., 1976); however, the USNM specimen was collected at Re- ventazon on 10.VIII.24. Thus, this specimen is not a type. alces Gressitt, 1938:334. Platypria. Label Data: Ta Hau, Hainan Id, VII-5-'35 / L. Gressitt Collection / Type No. 54684 USNM [orange label] / Holotype Platypria alces J.L. Gressitt [yellow label]. Remarks: Original description states that the holotype with this label data was deposited in the USNM. amplipennis Baly, 1885:82. Chalepus [Xenochalepus (Xeno- chalepus)]. Label Data: V. de Chiriqui, 25[00]-4000 ft., Champion / Paratipos [red label] / F. Monros Collec- tion 1959 / Chalepus amplipennis Baly, J.S. Baly det. [pink label] [three specimens on one pin]. Remarks: Described from Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama. Original description does not mention the number of specimens. The three USNM specimens are syntypes. ancoroides Schaeffer, 1933:105. Anoplitis [Sumitrosis]. Label Data: Mchtville, VI-9, NJ / ancoroides Holotype CS, C. Schaeffer coll. '35 HSB / Charles Schaeffer Collection / HS Barber Bequest 1950 / Anoplitis an- coroides Schaef. Remarks: Described from the holotype in the Schaeffer collection, now in the USNM (Ward et al., 1976). angulosus Baly, 1885:73. Chalepus. Label Data: Bugaba, 800-1500 ft., Champion / Paratipo [red label] / F. Monros Collection 1959 / Chalepus angulosus Baly, det. J.S. Baly [pink label]. Remarks: Described from David and Volcan de Chiriqui, Panama. Original description does not mention the number of specimens. The USNM specimen is a syntype. angustata quadrata Uhmann, 1933a:58. Botryonopa. Label Data: Zamboanga, Mindanao, Baker 111 Holotp [red label] / Botryonopa angustata ab n. quad- rata Uh., Uhmann det. 1933. Second specimen with same data as well as "paratype." Remarks: Described from three specimens in the USNM. No type designations in original description. Pin in collection with label: 1 paratype kept by Uhmann det. 1933; Gaedike and Dobler (1971) report a syntype in the DEI. The two USNM specimens and the one in the DEI should be regarded as syntypes. anisostenoides Riley, 1985:433. Glyphuroplata. Label Data: Lawrence Co., Mo., Mount Vernon Prairie, 4 mi [6.4 km] NE Mt. Vernon / coll. E.G. Riley, 6 May 1979 / Sweeping prairie habitat / Holotype Glyphuroplata anisostenoides Riley [red label]. Two paratypes: Lawrence Co., Mo., Mount Vernon Prairie, 4 mi. [6.4 km] NE Mt. Vernon / Coll. E.G. Riley 6 May 1979 / sweeping prairie / Paratype [yellow label] / Glyphuroplata anisostenoides Det. E.G. Riley. Remarks: Riley (1985) stated that the holotype and two paratypes were deposited in the USNM. apicata Uhmann, 1930a:228. Cephaloleia. Label Data: Costa Rica, F. Nevermann, 20-VI-26 [green label] / La Palma, 1050 m, Hondura [reversed green label] / am Blattern v. Heliconia sp. / Holotype [red label] / Cephalolia apicata n. sp.