Classification of the Superfamily
Sesioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia)
JOHN B. HEPPNER
and
W. DONALD DUCKWORTH
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY ? NUMBER 314
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O Z O O L O G Y ? N U M B E R 3 1 4
Classification of the Superfamily
Sesioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia)
John B. Heppner
and W. Donald Duckworth
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS
City of Washington
1981
A B S T R A C T
Heppner, John B., and W. Donald Duckworth. Classification of the Superfam-
ily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number
314, 144 pages, 107 figures, 1 table, 1981.?The classification, morphology,
and phylogeny are reviewed for the three families of the superfamily Sesioidea:
Brachodidae, Sesiidae, and Choreutidae, of which Brachodidae is newly added
to Sesioidea. World genera and species are listed for each family, including
new combinations and new synonymies. New replacement names are provided
for 7 junior homonyms in Sesiidae (Synanthedori). One new subfamily (Bren-
thiinae) is described in Choreutidae and one new subfamily (Phycodinae) is
described in Brachodidae. Keys are provided for families and subfamilies.
Representative species and character features are illustrated for each family
for adults, larvae, and pupae. Sesiidae (except Tinthiinae) are shown to possess
chaetosemata. Biological information and zoogeography are reviewed for each
family to the extent known. Thirteen genera and seven species are newly
excluded from Sesioidea families and transferred to other families. Brachodi-
dae are shown to be the most closely related family to Sesiidae. Prochoreutis
Heppner, new name, is proposed for use in the Choreutidae section, replacing
Choreutis of authors (not Choreutis Hiibner, which replaces Eutromula Frolich).
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded
in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea
cavemosa (Linnaeus).
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Heppner, John B
Classification of the superfamily Sesioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia)
(Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 314)
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Clearwing moths?Classification. 2. Brachodidae?Classification. 3. Choreutidae?
Classification. 4. Insects?Classification. I. Duckworth, W. Donald, joint author.
II. Title. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no.
QL1.S54 no. 314 [QL561.S47] 591s [595.78'1] 79-607130
Contents
Page
Introduction 1
Acknowledgments 2
Taxonomic History 3
Phylogeny of Sesioidea 3
Superfamily SESIOIDEA 6
Key to Families of Sesioidea 8
Family BRACHODIDAE, new status 8
Key to Subfamilies of Brachodidae 12
Subfamily BRACHODINAE 12
PHYCODINAE Heppner, new subfamily 12
Generic Synopsis of Brachodidae 12
Checklist of Brachodidae 13
Taxa Excluded from Brachodidae 15
Family SESIIDAE 15
Key to Subfamilies of Sesiidae 18
Subfamily TINTHIINAE 18
Subfamily PARANTHRENINAE 19
Subfamily SESIINAE 19
Generic Synopsis of Sesiidae 20
Checklist of Sesiidae 21
Taxa Excluded from Sesiidae 44
Family CHOREUTIDAE 45
Key to Subfamilies of Choreutidae 48
BRENTHIINAE Heppner, new subfamily 48
Subfamily CHOREUTINAE 48
Generic Synopsis of Choreutidae 49
Checklist of Choreutidae 49
Taxa Excluded from Choreutidae 57
Addendum 57
Prochoreutis Heppner, new name 58
Literature Cited 59
Figures 2-107 85
Index to Checklists 104
i n

Classification of the Superfamily
Sesioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia)
John B. Heppner
and W. Donald Duckworth
Introduction
In recent years, increased systematic research
in the less specialized family groups of the subor-
der Ditrysia, historically termed the tineoid com-
plex, has served to emphasize the inadequacy of
much of the traditional higher category classifi-
cation for expressing evolutionary affinities as
they are presently perceived. This, in turn, has
stimulated a heightened interest in the discovery
and testing of character systems that seem to offer
greater insight into family and superfamily rela-
tionships on a world basis in these groups.
The results of some of these studies have sug-
gested various revisions in lower ditrysian higher
category classification (Common, 1974, 1975;
Brock, 1971; Heppner, 1977a), including the es-
tablishment of the superfamily Sesioidea (= Ae-
gerioidea). In the present paper a revised classi-
fication for the Sesioidea, resulting from studies
currently being conducted on the Sesiidae and
various taxa formerly assigned to the conglomer-
ate family Glyphipterigidae (auctorum), is pre-
sented. Extensive examination of the world gen-
era previously assigned to these two families,
while still incomplete, has provided, in our opin-
ion, sufficient new data regarding relationships to
establish a preliminary phylogenetic hypothesis
John B. Heppner and W. Donald Duckworth, Department of Ento-
mology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institu-
tion, Washington, DC. 20560.
and to discriminate one additional family in Se-
sioidea in addition to Sesiidae and Choreutidae.
Another new family, Immidae, was recently
formed (Heppner, 1977a) from species formerly
in Glyphipterigidae. It was initially considered
that this group be also placed in Sesioidea. More
recent study of basic morphological characters of
Immidae, together with an assessment of the
biological information presented by Common
(1974) for one species of Imma and recent infor-
mation on other species (Common, 1979; Dug-
dale, pers. comm.), has provided sufficient evi-
dence to exclude Immidae from Sesioidea. The
unspined and non-protruded pupa and other
characters cannot be reconciled within Sesioidea.
In assessing the characters known for Immidae,
the family appears to demonstrate ancestral re-
lationships to Yponomeutoidea and shows an
evolutionary trend toward Zygaenoidea and Pyr-
aloidea (Hyblaeidae). Immidae requires a sepa-
rate superfamily to adequately integrate the
group among other ditrysian families and, thus,
we agree with Common (1979) in his naming of
Immoidea. A forthcoming review of Immidae, as
a prelude to a revision of the family, will pursue
these questions further (Heppner, in prep. b).
As presently established, the superfamily Se-
sioidea consists of three families, 150 genera, and
1515 species in the world fauna. The Sesiidae
have been recognized as a distinct family group
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
for more than a century and have in recent years
been extensively redefined (Niculescu, 1964; Nau-
mann, 1971; Duckworth and Eichlin, 1974,
1977c; Fibiger and Kristensen, 1974). The divi-
sion of Glyphipterigidae (auctorum) into Gly-
phipterigidae (sensu stricto) and Choreutidae,
with their respective transfers from the Ypono-
meutoidea to Copromorphoidea and Sesioidea,
was discussed in an earlier paper (Heppner,
1977a). In the present paper, a number of genera
formerly assigned to the glyphipterigids are
grouped together as the family Brachodidae, re-
cently used to replace Atychiidae (Heppner,
1979a). This family, based on the genus Brachodes
(= Atychia Latreille), is extensively distributed in
the tropical regions of the world, and study of the
included genera has provided the first indication
of the probable origin of the Sesiidae, a relation-
ship that has eluded lepidopterists for many years.
In terms of the present scope of Brachodidae, it
essentially becomes a new family, since the former
Atychiidae was restricted to only one genus in
most treatments and Agenjo (1966) considered
the group only as a subfamily of Glyphipterigi-
dae.
The families comprising the Sesioidea are
herein defined and discussed, along with a defi-
nition of the superfamily. Phylogenetic consider-
ations are discussed following a historical review
of the higher categories. The author and date of
the earliest family-group name is noted under the
appropriate family heading, along with the pres-
ent family name noted for the first authorship
and a list of all synonyms.
The authors are jointly responsible for the text
except for the individually written family sec-
tions: Brachodidae and Choreutidae by Heppner
and Sesiidae by Heppner and Duckworth. All
new taxa and new combinations are to be credited
to the author of the particular family section.
Checklists of all taxa transferred to the new
family name Brachodidae and for Sesiidae and
Choreutidae are provided as completely as cur-
rently known. All sesioid genera that do not
appear in these lists and that were formerly as-
sociated with the Glyphipterigidae (auctorum),
now belonging to various families, will be in-
cluded in a catalog of these genera currently in
preparation (Heppner, in prep. a). Genera ex-
cluded from Sesiidae were noted by Naumann
(1971) but some of these are newly transferred to
other families herein. Only genera known to be
properly associated with each family, as we per-
ceive them, are included in the checklists. Genera
are listed phylogenetically, species alphabetically,
and synonyms chronologically. Original generic
assignments are noted after the valid species
name. The letters to the left of each species name
represent the faunal region where each is known
to occur (A="Australian; C~Cosmopolitan;
E=Ethiopian; H^Holarctic; N?Nearctic;
NL=Neotropical; O=Oriental; P=Palearctic).
Type-species are noted in brackets after the ge-
neric name.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.?We are indebted to a
large number of colleagues and institutions for
their cooperation and assistance during the course
of our studies. The nature of the present paper is
such that acknowledgment of all those who have
materially aided its completion through loan of
types and other specimens in their charge would
require more space than is appropriate here. We
will, therefore, defer these specifics to future pa-
pers dealing with detailed studies of genera and
species.
We would at this point, however, like to ac-
knowledge those persons who have contributed
significantly to the present study through their
willingness to share with us through discussion,
correspondence, and review of this manuscript,
their considerable knowledge of Lepidoptera sys-
tematics: T. D. Eichlin, California Department
of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento; I.F.B.
Common, C.S.I.R.O., Canberra, Australia; J. S.
Dugdale, D.S.I.R., Nelson, New Zealand; K. Sat-
tler and G. S. Robinson, British Museum (Natu-
ral History), London; A. Diakonoff, Rijksmu-
seum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Nether-
lands; J.F.G. Clarke and D. R. Davis, Smithson-
ian Institution, Washington; R. W. Hodges, Sys-
tematic Entomology Laboratory, U.S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Washington; J. A. Powell,
NUMBER 314
University of California, Berkeley; and C. M.
Naumann, Universitat Bielefeld, West Germany.
We also wish to acknowledge the assistance of
Vira Milbank, Leslie Schimmel, and Dan
Thompson for bibliographic assistance; George
Venable for the illustrations (except wing vena-
tions and drawings of the immature stages); and
the National Museum of Natural History Scan-
ning Electron Microscope Laboratory for the
scanning .electron micrographs. The adult pho-
tographs are the work of Victor Krantz, National
Museum of Natural History photographic unit,
with assistance by D. Dougherty.
This study was aided in part by a fellowship
award from the Office of Academic Studies,
Smithsonian Institution (Heppner), a grant from
the Smithsonian Secretary's Fluid Research Fund
(Duckworth), and a Smithsonian Research Foun-
dation grant (Duckworth).
Taxonomic History
The genera here included in Sesioidea were
mostly included among various families of the
Yponomeutoidea in more recent classifications of
Lepidoptera. The early segregations of the sesiids,
beginning with the early nineteenth-century par-
tition of the large units of the Linnean classifica-
tion placed them among the diurnal moths. The
groups herein included in Choreutidae were
placed among the nocturnal moths, while those
forming the Atychiidae (auctorum) (now Brach-
odidae) were placed among the crepuscular
moths. The next century brought many refine-
ments to this classification and for the sesiids a
number of varying associations, whereas the other
two families were sorted into various other fami-
lies. Niculescu (1964) has summarized the past
associations of the Sesiidae in relation to phylo-
genetic aspects.
The earliest distinction of a superfamily (Ae-
gerioidea) for the sesiids was by Mosher (1916).
Meyrick (1928c) placed Sesiidae in Glyphiptery-
goidea but also included Heliodinidae and He-
liozelidae, in addition to Glyphipterigidae. Gen-
erally neither superfamilly was recognized by
other authors, and in recent decades the sesiids
most often have been included in Yponomeuto-
idea. An exception to this was Forster (1954) who
also used Glyphipterygoidea and included only
Glyphipterigidae (auctorum) and Sesiidae. With
the morphological studies of Brock (1971) the
sesiids were again segregated and have now gen-
erally become recognized as belonging to a dis-
tinct superfamily, especially as Brock's work has
become more fully integrated into modern sys-
tematic studies on Lepidoptera. In retreating
from the emphasis on general facies and using
other characters such as larval morphology, pupal
behavior, and basic adult morphology, the new
concept of Sesioidea is firmly based.
Among the families of Sesioidea, the genera
herein segregated into the new concept of Brach-
odidae were, as noted above, included among the
Glyphipterigidae sensu Meyrick (1914c). This is
likewise true for Choreutidae and is discussed in
more detail after each family description. Brach-
odidae (as Atychiidae) has often been considered
as a distinct family, sometimes in Tineoidea, or
as a subfamily of Tineidae (Rebel, 1901b), or
even as a family of Tortricoidea (Obenberger,
1964). Edwards (1888) even placed the genus
Atychia in Heterogynidae. Agenjo (1966) adopted
the name Brachodinae as a subfamily in Glyphip-
terigidae. In all these cases the predominant cause
of such varied placement involved the uncertain
affinity of the groups, inasmuch as fundamental
morphological characters were not as much relied
upon as superficial resemblance. The same reason
was also responsible for the varied associations of
the sesiids in the past, since their highly special-
ized features could superficially be regarded as
similar to several families, depending on the judg-
ment of the researcher.
Phylogeny of Sesioidea
The taxonomic history of the genera here seg-
regated into three families, in relation to previous
views on their phylogenetic positions in the Di-
trysia, and the distinction of Sesioidea as a sepa-
rate superfamily, is discussed in the sections under
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
TABLE 1.?Family characters in Sesioidea
Character
Antenna
Ocellus
Chaetosema
Haustellum
Maxillary palpus
Pilifers
Thorax
Wing coupling
Pterostigma
Abdomen
Socius
Socius-like area
Larval prolegs
Larval crochets
Larval stemmata
Pupal spines
Larval behavior
Adult behavior
Cocoon
BRACHODIDAE
various
large (rarely absent)
absent
naked
1-3 segments
large
normal
normal
absent
normal
absent
present
reduced or normal
transverse
6
2 rows
borers/external
diurnal?
subterranean or on
leaves; simple
SESUDAE
various
moderate
present (usually)
naked
1-2 segments
large
bag-like protrusion
locking
absent
sometimes basal ly
constricted
present
present
reduced
transverse
6
2 rows
borers
diurnal
subterranean; simple
CHOREUTIDAE
filiform
moderate
absent
scaled
1-2 segments
large
normal
normal
present
normal
absent
present
long
circles or lateral pe-
nellipse
5 + 1 (reduced)
1 row
external
diurnal
2-4 layered on leaves
each family below. With Sesiidae in particular,
while placement has now stabilized in the super-
family Sesioidea, the origin of the family has still
remained obscure until now, primarily due to the
highly modified structures of the adults and be-
cause the relationship to Choreutidae did not
provide any further evidence in itself to determine
the origin of the sesiids.
Characters, in part synapomorphic, that indi-
cate phylogenetic relationships among the three
families include (1) the tortricoid abdominal ar-
ticulation; (2) the trisetose prespiracular setal
group of the larval prothorax (2 in Sagalassa); (3)
wing venational patterns, although modified in
Sesiidae due to elongated wings; (4) large ocelli
in general (with only one genus known lacking
them but with positional marks remaining); (5)
the diurnal adult activity regime; (6) the mobile
and protruded pupa; and (7) basic similarities of
certain genitalic characters. In addition to cohe-
sive characters, there are unique developments in
each family: (1) a presumed ancestral wing ven-
ation and diurnal adult activity among known
biologies of Brachodidae; (2) a unique wing cou-
pling mechanism, elongated wings, mimicry
(mostly of Hymenoptera), and diffuse chaetose-
mata in Sesiidae; and (3) external larval feeding,
a scaled haustellum, and a tendency toward tor-
tricoid wing venation in Choreutidae. The cohe-
siveness of the superfamily, in relation to various
characters available for comparison, appears
sound (see Table 1). The relationships to Sesiidae
are particularly important inasmuch as the
origins and closest relatives of this group are
finally known with some degree of certainty, as
noted further below.
Wing venation, genitalic characteristics, and
larval habits distinguish Brachodidae as the least
advanced sesioid family. Noteworthy also are the
relatively very large ocelli of some genera, which
has been found to be generally a plesiomorphic
character among the Lepidoptera whenever en-
countered. These and other morphological char-
acters provide, we believe, significant evidence
NUMBER 314
Choreutidae
Brachodidae
Extent of Evolutionary Divergence
FIGURE 1.?Phylogeny of Sesioidea (width of species cone for each family represents the
number of species known in each family).
for the phylogenetic relationship to Sesiidae that
reflects the probable ancestral forms from which
Sesiidae developed, expecially from species prob-
ably not greatly differing from present-day Brach-
odes species. Brachodidae form the "unknown"
sister group of Sesiidae left blank by Naumann
(1971). The relict character states retained in the
least advanced sesiids, Pennisetia and Zenodoxus,
are noteworthy in relation to Brachodes: antennae
(in Pennisetia) bipectinate, no chaetosemata, no
setal tuft at the antennal tip, very simplified
genitalia in the male with loss of the gnathos, the
lack of stalked veins in the forewing (in Zenodoxus),
and the simple tubular pupal chamber. All these
characters differ from typical advanced sesiids,
yet all are distinctly mirrored in Brachodes. Addi-
tionally, the larvae of the less advanced genera of
each family are similar: this is true for all sesiid
larvae in relation to Brachodes and Sagalassa larvae.
Larvae of Phycodes have an external feeding be-
havior not found in sesiids or most known Brach-
odidae. Specimens of Sagalassa larvae have been
available for study and prove to be extremely
close to typical sesiid larvae overall but have some
features distinct in the superfamily. Brachodes lar-
vae supposedly are also similar to sesiid larvae as
noted by early lepidopterists in Europe (Heine-
mann, 1870; Spuler, 1910). Phycodes appears to be
a divergent and specialized group within Brach-
odidae.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
The Choreutidae, although closely related to
Brachodidae and Sesiidae, have evolved in a
different yet typical direction of higher Ditrysia,
namely to exophagous larvae. Apparently, the
most advanced genera of Brachodidae also have
developed external feeding larvae, if the two
known species of larvae of Phycodes are any indi-
cation of the biologies common to two other
genera that appear to be closely related to Phy-
codes. The additional divergence of Choreutidae
noted above, the tendency to tortricoid wing
venation, is found in several genera thought to be
the most advanced within the Choreutidae.
Figure 1 illustrates the probable phytogeny of
Sesioidea in relation to character trends noted
above for each family. Each family has developed
specializations separate from the other families in
the superfamily. Sesiidae are so highly special-
ized, especially in terms of hymenopterous mim-
icry, that it initially would appear that this family
ought to be the most advanced of the superfamily.
It seems best, however, to place the Choreutidae
as the overall most advanced family of Sesioidea.
This action provides a better expression of more
fundamental morphological relationships among
the three families, while at the same time consid-
ers unique specializations of each family as being
the product of differential rates of evolution. The
Sesiidae retain many basic morphological fea-
tures, both of the adult and of the larva, that
demonstrate a fundamentally less advanced de-
velopment from Brachodidae than the Choreuti-
dae. The Choreutidae have virtually entirely de-
veloped external feeding larvae and a number of
morphological characters similarly found in
higher Ditrysia, thus indicating that they have
evolved further from Brachodidae ancestors than
have Sesiidae.
Currently our knowledge of all the trends of
this area of the Ditrysia?Yponomeutoidea to
Tortricoidea?is incomplete but it is clear that
there is a reticulate aspect to the evolutionary
trends of several families that otherwise demon-
strate affinities to relatives within each superfam-
ily. Thus, Sesiidae show some relationships, as
often noted in the past, to Yponomeutoidea, while
Choreutidae show some relationship both to Tor-
tricidae and perhaps to Gelechioidea due to their
scaled haustellum, although these relationships
appear more superficial than significant. It ap-
pears, however, that the ancestors developing to
Sesioidea may also have included branches that
had developmental trends to various higher Di-
trysia.
Superfamily SESIOIDEA
AECERIOIDEA Mosher, 1916:48.
GLYPHIPTERYGOIDEA Mcyrick, 1928c:599 [part].
SESIOIDEA Common, 1974:104.
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Ditrysian moths of
small to large size (2-30 mm base to apex fore-
wing length).
Head: Frons smooth scaled or with loosely
appressed scales; vertex scales loosely appressed,
rarely rough scaled with hair-like scales; haustel-
lum usually developed, rarely reduced; haustel-
lum naked, sometimes basally scaled; maxillary
palpus minute, rarely longer, usually 1- to 2-
segmented but sometimes 3-segmented; pilifer
large, with large spine-like setae; mandible re-
duced, half size of pilifer; labial palpus upcurved,
of varying length but segment 2 long and segment
3 very short, more or less smooth scaled but often
with large porrect scale tuft on venter of segment
2 or otherwise roughened; ocellus present, usually
very large (if absent then positional marks re-
main); chaetosemata usually absent, sometimes
present along posterior margin of head; eye large,
naked; antenna inserted on front of head, usually
filiform, occasionally pectinate, bipectinate or
tightly clavate, sometimes tapering to small setal
tuft at tip; male antenna usually with ventral
setae of varying length.
Thorax: Usually normal, sometimes with
dorso-anterior bag-like protrusion, rarely with a
protrusion partially over a retracted head; legs
usually smooth scaled with scale tufts at tibial
spurs, sometimes with long hair-like scales over
most of leg.
Forewing: Rectangular to elongate; when very
elongate then basal half distinctly narrowed; usu-
NUMBER 314
ally opaque, sometimes partially hyaline; ptero-
stigma present or absent; venation complete, with
infrequent stalking of veins in radial and medio-
cubital sectors; chorda often present, or absent;
median vein sometimes present in cell, vestigial
or absent; CuP usually present at tornal margin,
extended as fold; anal veins reduced or absent.
Hindwing: Usually shorter and broader than
forewing, sometimes nearly subequal; wing cou-
pling normal or uniquely modified with marginal
fold, dorsally recurved, composed of Sc+Rs;
sometimes with hyaline areas; venation complete,
most veins usually not stalked; CuP sometimes
absent, usually present at tornal margin, ex-
tended as fold; anal field sometimes expanded
beyond half wing width; 4 anal veins, with only
3 clearly distinct, fourth at anal margin, with Al
and A2 fused beyond basal fork.
Abdomen: Stout to slender and tapering, some-
times constricted at base, sometimes with long
appendages from posterior end (Alcathoe); articu-
lation with thorax of tortricoid apodemal type;
posterior coremata sometimes present.
Male Genitalia: Variously modified, with
tegumen and vinculum present; valva simple to
complex; uncus, gnathos, and distinct socius pres-
ent or absent; socius-like setaceous area some-
times present; tuba analis sometimes prominent;
saccus often reduced but sometimes very large;
aedeagus often with phallobase; comutus usually
present.
Female Genitalia: Ovipositor usually unspecial-
ized, rarely floricomous; ostium bursae on inter-
segmental membrane between sternites 7 and 8,
or on sternal plate of segment 7; ductus bursae
sclerotized or membranous, long or short; bulla
seminalis usually small; bursa copulatrix usually
ovate, occasionally modified; signum often pres-
ent, sometimes large, or absent.
Larva: Cyclindrical; head hypognathous,
sometimes somewhat prognathous; head with
frontoclypeus from Vfc to nearly touching epicran-
ial notch; stemmata in trapezoid with 3 pairs as
separate groups or more semi-circular and all
close together with stemmata VI often somewhat
reduced; 2 adfrontal setae; spinneret slender; pro-
leg usually long, sometimes very long and slender,
or short and reduced; crochets well developed, in
uniordinal transverse bands, circle, or lateral pe-
nellipse; primary setae only; prothorax with L-
group trisetose (2 in Sagalassa) on separate pina-
culum; prothoracic shield sclerotized or less dis-
tinct; prothorax with SD2 close to SDl or distant;
meso- and metathorax with LI close to L3 and
distant from L2 or LI close to L2 and distant
from L3; abdominal segments 1-6 with SD2 usu-
ally closer to spiracle than SDl, sometimes SDl
closer than SD2, or subequal; L2 approximate
and antero-dorsad to LI on pinaculum, anterior
to LI, or antero-ventrad to LI; prothoracic SV
setae distant or approximate; abdominal SV setae
of segment 2 more or less in vertical line, oblique
line, or in triangle; abdominal segment 8 with D2
nearly as far apart as Dl or twice as far apart.
Pupa: Abdominal segments (3-7 in male; 3-6
in female) movable; dorsum of abdominal seg-
ments 2-7 in male (2-6 in female) with spines in
two rows or with a single row (always one row on
segment 7 in both sexes); head with sclerotized
ridges or smooth; maxillary palpi large; append-
ages often extending beyond wing tips, if so then
free; no distinct cremaster but often with spines
on posterior segment or hook-like spines; pupa-
tion in larval gallery or on leaf surface in silken
cocoon; pupa protruded at ecdysis. Development
from egg to adult from a few weeks to 2-3 years.
DISTRIBUTION.?All faunal regions, with most
species from Pantropical areas centered in the
Oriental and Australian faunal regions.
CURRENT TAXA.?Three families, 150 genera,
1515 species.
DISCUSSION.?The main distinctions of Sesioi-
dea involve basic characters of larval and adult
morphology and behavior that have been found
to be of use in assessing relationships among
higher categories of Ditrysia (Heppner, 1977a).
While the outward structural characters of wing
venation and head morphology place the super-
family among the less advanced microlepidop-
tera, the tortricoid abdominal articulation clearly
indicates a placement after the less advanced
Ditrysia?Tineoidea, Gelechioidea, Copromor-
8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
phoidea, and Yponomeutoidea?which all have
a tineoid abdominal articulation. Larval and pu-
pal morphology and wing venation distinguish
the Sesioidea from Immoidea, Tortricoidea and
the remaining Ditrysia, whereby the relationships
to higher Ditrysia clearly place the superfamily
at a beginning position in the evolutionary pro-
gression to the macro-moths and butterflies.
Key to Families of Sesioidea
ADULTS
1. Wings with forewing anal margin-hindwing costal margin wing coupling;
greatly elongated forewings with basal half narrowed; most species with
wings partially hyaline SESIIDAE
Wings without specialized marginal coupling; wings, if elongated, without
distinctly narrowed basal half; hyaline areas, if present, only on
hindwings 2
2. Haustellum naked; hindwings rarely with hyaline areas BRACHODIDAE
Haustellum scaled at base; hindwings never with hyaline
areas CHOREUTIDAE
LARVAE
1. Seta L2 directly anterior to LI on abdominal segments 1-6 (prothorax L-
group bisetose in Sagalassa) BRACHODIDAE
Seta L2 anterodorsad or anteroventrad or posterior to LI on abdominal
segments 1-6 (prothoracic L-group always trisetose) 2
2. Crochets in transverse bands SESIIDAE
Crochets in circle or lateral penellipse CHOREUTIDAE
PUPAE
1. Dorsum of abdominal segments 2-6 always with two rows of spines (also
segment 7 in males) 2
Dorsum of abdominal segments 2-7 with one row of spines
CHOREUTIDAE
2. Antennae enlarged at distal ends SESIIDAE
Antennae tapering at distal ends, not distinctly enlarged .. . BRACHODIDAE
Family BRACHODIDAE, new status
ATYCHIDES Duponchel, 1835:169 [unavailable by homon-
ymy of type-genus; type-genus: Atychia Latreille, 1809:214,
preoccupied].
CHIMERITES Blanchard, 1840:474 [unavailable by homon-
ymy of type-genus; type-genus: Chimaera Ochsenheimer,
1808:2, preoccupied].
ATYCHIDAE Duponchel, 1843:329 [unavailable by homon-
ymy of type genus; incorrect family stem].
ATYCHIOIDAE Lederer, 1853:67 [unavailable by homonymy
of type-genus; incorrect family stem].
ATYCHIIDAE Speyer, [1856]:88 [unavailable by homonymy of
type-genus].
BRACHODINAE Agenjo, 1966:[148] [type-genus: Brachodes Gue-
nee, 1845:311 (= Atychia Latreille, 1809)].
BRACHODIDAE.?Heppner, 1979a: 127 [replacement name for
Atychiidae; type-genus: Brachodes Guenee, 1845:311 (=
Atychia Latreille, 1809)].
BRADYPTESIDAE Kasy, 1979:5 [replacement name for Atychi-
idae; type-genus: Bradyptesis sensu Kasy, 1979:5 (not Bra-
dyptesis Sodoffsky, 1837:83 [= Atychia Ochsenheimer, 1808
(Zygaenidae), not Atychia Latreille, 1809])].
NUMBER 314
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (Figures 20-27, 40-
49, 75-83, 102-103).?Small to moderate sized
moths (5-14 mm base to apex forewing length).
Head: Frons usually smooth scaled, rarely
with loosely appressed scales; vertex with loosely
appressed scales, rarely with long hair-like scales;
haustellum developed, naked; maxillary palpus
minute, rarely enlarged, 1- to 3-segmented; labial
palpus upcurved, often short, moderately rough-
ened, segment 3 short, with long segment 2;
ocellus very large, rarely absent (Hoplophractis);
chaetosema absent; eye large, naked; antenna
filiform, pectinate or bipectinate; male antenna
setaceous ventrally.
Thorax: Normal, rarely with dorso-anterior
protrusion extended over partially retracted
head; legs usually smooth scaled, with scale tufts
by tibial spurs, rarely with long hair-like scales.
Forewing: Moderately elongate but not nar-
rowed along basal half, rarely narrowed at most
to xk from base; opaque, often with metallic iri-
descent scaling in bands or spots; radius 5-
branched, without stalking; chorda present or
absent; pterostigma absent; vestigial median vein
sometimes in cell; median and cubital veins
evenly spaced, not stalked; CuP sometimes at
tornal margin, extended as fold; anal veins re-
duced to fused A1+A2, basally long-forked.
Hindwing: Shorter and broader than fore-
wing; usually opaque, rarely with hyaline areas
or spots; simple frenulum-retinaculum wing cou-
pling; Sc+Rl fused, terminating on costal margin
near apex; Rs free basally, to apex; median veins
generally evenly spaced; M3 sometimes stalked
with CuAl; M2 often vestigial in cell; anal field
sometimes enlarged; CuP present at tornal mar-
gin, extended as fold; 4 anal veins usually present;
A1+A2 fused, basally long-forked; A3 distinct;
A4 reduced.
Abdomen: Robust elongate, not distinctly slen-
der; abdominal coremata absent.
Male Genitalia: Uncus sometimes present, of-
ten absent or fused with tegumen; tegumen de-
veloped; gnathos present or absent; socius absent,
sometimes socius-like setaceous area present; tuba
analis sometimes prominent; valva simple or com-
plex, sometimes bifurcate; vinculum developed;
saccus usually absent, rarely partially developed;
aedeagus short or long, often stout; cornutus pres-
ent or absent.
Female Genitalia: Ovipositor usually unspecial-
ized; ostium usually on intersegmental membrane
between segments 7 and 8 ventrally, rarely on
edge of sternal plate of segment 7; ductus bursae
usually membranous, not greatly elongate; bulla
seminalis sometimes large; bursa copulatrix elon-
gate or ovate; signum present or absent.
Larva: Head hypognathous; frontoclypeus to
xh distance from labrum to epicranial notch; stem-
mata in trapezoid with 3 pairs of separate groups;
proleg relatively short or long; crochets well de-
veloped, in two transverse bands; prothorax with
L-group bisetose (Sagalassa) [possibly trisetose in
other genera]; SD2 distant to SD1; unsclerotized
prothoracic shield, with oblique sclerotized ridge
each side nearly convergent posteriorly; meso-
and metathorax with LI close to L3 and distant
from L2; abdominal segments 1-6 with SD2 sub-
equal to spiracle and SD1; L2 anterior to LI;
prothoracic SV setae distant; abdominal SV setae
more or less in vertical line on segment 2; abdom-
inal segment 8 with D2 twice as far apart as D1.
Pupa: Dorsal spines present in two rows on
abdominal segments 2-7 in male (2-6 in females);
segments 3-7 in male (3-6 in female) movable;
head with sclerotized process or ridge; maxillary
palpus large; appendages slightly beyond wing
tips; no distinct cremaster; pupation in larval
gallery or on leaf under stout cocoon of silk; pupa
protruded at ecdysis.
DISTRIBUTION.?All faunal regions except the
Nearctic, with most species in Pantropical areas;
greatest number of species known from the Ori-
ental and Australian regions, but with many from
the Neotropical and Palearctic regions.
CURJUENT TAXA.? 11 genera, 96 species.
HOSTS.?Bromeliaceae (Miscera from Chile);
Gramineae (Brachodes); Leguminosae (Nigilgia);
Melastomaceae (Hoplophractis); Moraceae (Phy-
codes); Palmae (Miscera from Australia and Saga-
lassa).
DISCUSSION.?The family name Atychiidae has
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
been used by many European authors in the past
for the Palearctic genus Atychia, but the name
involves nomenclatural problems that require ter-
mination of its use. The type-genus of Atychiidae,
Atychia Latreille, 1809, is a junior homonym of
Atychia Ochsenheimer, 1808, the latter name be-
longing to Zygaenidae and now considered to be
a synonym of Adscita Retzius, 1783. Conse-
quently, by Article 39 of the International Code of
Zoological Nomenclature, whereby a family name
based on a genus that is a junior homonym is not
available for use, "Atychiidae" must be replaced.
Since the next available name for Atychia Latreille
is Brachodes Guenee, 1845, the family name must
be changed to Brachodidae. Further details of the
above were noted by Heppner (1979a); however,
the name had already been adopted as a subfam-
ily name by Agenjo (1966). Kasy (1979) used the
family name Bradyptesidae as a replacement
name for Atychiidae but this was erroneous be-
cause the nominal type-genus, Bradyptesis Sodoff-
sky, 1837, is a replacement name proposed for
Atychia Ochsenheimer (Zygaenidae), not Atychia
Latreille. Thus, Bradyptesis Sodoffsky is a zygaenid
name, not a brachodid name.
The present, enlarged concept of Brachodidae
is formed by genera not previously thought to be
related to Brachodes. Phycodes was placed in Aty-
chiinae (Tineidae) by Rebel (1901b) and Miscera
was initially noted by Meyrick (1907b) to be
related to Brachodes, but since then Atychiidae has
been applied only to "Atychia." The genera here
included in Brachodidae are clearly distinguished
from the other two sesioid families, as can be most
easily noted in the keys to families, and may be
sorted into three groups of closely related genera.
In the first group Brachodes is the most plesio-
morphic genus. The male genitalia are extremely
simplified, with simple valvae and loss of a dis-
tinct uncus and gnathos. The genitalia are very
similar to those of the most ancestral sesiid genera
Pennisetia (= Bembecia [auctorum]) and Zenodoxus.
In relation to wing venation, genitalic characters,
and the bipectinate antennae found in many
males of Brachodes, it appears that the proto-sesiid
line, as represented by descendant Pennisetia, di-
verged from Brachodes progenitors. It is not un-
likely that Brachodes is in fact a relict genus and
that the sesiids diverged from species much like
the Brachodes of today.
The other genera of the first group include the
Australian Miscera, Euthorybeta, and Synechodes.
The first two genera were synonymized with Sa-
galassa by Meyrick (1913a) but are distinct, no-
tably in genital features, and this distinction in
effect restricts Sagalassa to the Neotropics. The
few specimens of Miscera, Euthorybeta, and Syne-
chodes that I have been able to examine demon-
strate a clear affinity to Brachodes: the genitalia
are very similar, differing only in having devel-
oped a gnathos. Presently, there is one described
species from Chile, formerly in Sagalassa (origi-
nally Atychia triphaenoides Butler), that appears to
be congeneric with the Australian species of Mis-
cera; this is the only known species of the genus in
the New World. Tentatively, I have also placed
the African genus Atractoceros in this group of
genera, though more study is needed to determine
if it is validly distinct and if this generic group
contains its nearest relatives.
The second generic group of Brachodidae in-
volves Callatolmis, Sagalassa, and Polyphlebia. These
genera are restricted to the Neotropical region as
far as is known. Polyphlebia was formerly listed as
a synonym of Sagalassa but the genitalic charac-
ters are divergent and the genus is here considered
distinct. It is the only brachodid genus with a
species having hyaline areas in the hindwings.
Two other species formerly in Sagalassa are trans-
ferred to Callatolmis following genitalic examina-
tion of the species involved; there are also at least
two undescribed species that appear to belong to
this genus. The complex genitalia of these genera
seem to isolate them somewhat from Brachodes,
Atractoceros, Miscera, Euthorybeta, and Synechodes.
Phycodes, Nigilgia, and Hoplophractis belong to
the third group of closely related genera, although
Hoplophractis has diverged considerably. These
genera form a separate subfamily, Phycodinae,
and are distinguished by their more smooth scaled
head, composed of large plate-like scales, the
wedge-shaped upcurved labial palpi, and exten-
NUMBER 314 11
sive metallic iridescent scaling of the forewings in
most species. Hoplophractis is very curious in hav-
ing a small head somewhat retracted into the
thorax, which is slightly protruded over the head.
This odd form of head-thorax configuration re-
minds one of acrocerid flies (Diptera: Acroceri-
dae). The ocelli of Hoplophractis are secondarily
absent (positional marks remain where the ocelli
should be), possibly associated with the head
reduction. The genitalia of this group of genera
are also somewhat complex and in some species
they begin to resemble genitalia found in a few
species of Choreutidae, although all have a naked
haustellum and are otherwise morphologically
related to the other genera of Brachodidae.
Extremely little is known of the bionomics of
Brachodidae and the larval and pupal descrip-
tions are based on very few species. Most of the
genera are unknown in terms of their biologies or
characters of their immature stages. Fletcher
(1914; 1933) provided biological notes on the
immature stages and bionomics of two species of
Phycodes. Heinemann (1870), Hartmann (1880),
and Spuler (1910) noted larval hosts and the
adult diurnal activity of Brachodes (actually only
Brachodes appendiculatus Esper). The adults of
Brachodes cassandrella (Staudinger) have been ob-
served to be attracted to lights (Sattler, pers.
comm.) in Spain, indicating that one species at
least may be nocturnal.
Larval characters of Sagalassa valida Walker
(herein noted for the first time) show relationships
to sesiid larvae in having well-developed crochets
in two transverse rows, stemmata in a trapezoidal
arrangement with them clustered in three sepa-
rate pairs, SD2 on abdominal segments 1-6
nearly equidistant from the spiracle and SD1, SV
setae distant on the prothorax, L1 close to L3 and
distant from L2 on the meso- and metathorax,
and the SV setae of abdominal segment 2 nearly
in a vertical line. Also, larvae of both families are
borers (except Phycodes) and almost without scle-
rotized areas on the body (Phycodes larvae were
unavailable for study). Sagalassa larvae differ in
several respects from sesiids: the one species stud-
ied (S. valida) has the frontoclypeus only Vfe the
distance to the epicranial notch, SD2 distant from
SD1 on the prothorax, and L2 directly anterior
to L1 on abdominal segments. Thus far, the above
information on Sagalassa is all that is known of
the detailed larval morphology and chaetotaxy of
Brachodidae. The bisetose L-group of the pro-
thorax is especially different from the remainder
of the superfamily but other features demonstrate
relationships, as do adult characters, and the
genus may be unusual within Brachodidae. The
tineid genus Scardia and possibly most Scardiinae,
for example, have bisetose larvae. Phycodes larvae
have been illustrated by Fletcher (1914; 1933)
but no chaetotaxic details can be discerned from
these illustrations.
The pupae of Brachodidae and Sesiidae are
very close morphologically, with both showing
two rows of spines on the dorsum of the abdom-
inal segments 2-7 (only one row on segment 7 in
females) and large maxillary palpi. The heads
also have protuberances or carinae, presumably
for emergence from the cocoon. These pupal char-
acteristics are derived from the study of two
genera of Brachodidae, Phycodes and Miscera (M.
triphaenoides Butler), and numerous genera of Se-
siidae.
From the information available there are some
interesting trends to be noted. If we can presume
that the grouping of genera into the two subfam-
ilies, based upon adult morphology, is supported
by similar larval and adult behavior within each
subfamily, then the Brachodinae contain species
that are borers in roots and form tubular larval
chambers underground that also serve as pupal
chambers. Brachodes adults have been noted to be
mostly diurnal fliers, perhaps primarily crepus-
cular. The adult activities of Sagalassa are less
well known but in Peru Sagalassa valida Walker is
diurnal. The Phycodinae, including Phycodes and
relatives, appear to be mostly leaf feeders, forming
stout silk cocoons on host leaf surfaces. From the
iridescent forewings of the species of this subfam-
ily, it would appear that they are diurnal fliers as
adults. Phycodes are indeed reported as diurnal
fliers. Hoplophractis is diurnally active in Peru
(Heppner, pers. comm.). Thus, it appears that
12 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
there is a trend within the family from root
feeders to external feeding larvae and a similar
change in location for the pupation site. Brachodes
adults have been recorded feeding at flowers
(Boisduval, [1875]).
The members of this family are relatively rare
and this undoubtedly has hindered research on
their bionomics. It is especially surprising, how-
ever, that the biology of Brachodes appendiculatus
(Esper), the only relatively common species found
in much of Europe, has not been studied more or
its biology published in detail. Apparently this
species has been reared because of the published
records that are available (Heinemann, 1870;
Hartmann, 1880), although inadequate, and it is
noted that the larvae require two years to com-
plete their development, with pupation in the
spring and adult emergence in June. It is not
known whether any other genera or species of the
family have two year larvae, but the leaf feeders,
in contrast, undoubtedly complete larval devel-
opment in one season. The two year larvae are of
interest in relation to Sesiidae inasmuch as some
sesiids require 2-3 years for larval development.
The less specialized sesiids (Tinthiinae), in addi-
tion, are root feeders for the most part and form
tubular cocoons similar to those recorded for
Brachodes appendiculatus.
Whereas most Brachodidae are from tropical
regions in general, it is not known what particular
habitats they prefer. Only the north-temperate-
inhabiting Brachodes are known from grassland
areas of southern Europe, as well as grass habitats
in mountainous localities, to more arid steppe
regions of southcentral Asia.
Some typical Brachodidae adults are illus-
trated in Figures 2-7 and some are also illustrated
by Clarke (1969).
Key to Subfamilies of Brachodidae
Labial palpus and thorax with normal sized scales; larva a borer, with reduced
prolegs BRACHODINAE
Labial palpus and thorax with large, plate-like scales; larva an external feeder,
with relatively long prolegs PHYCODINAE
Subfamily BRACHODINAE
BRACHODINAE Agenjo, 1966:[148] [type-genus: BrachodesGue-
nee, 1845:311 (= Atychia Latreille, 1809)].
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?As for the family,
with the following distinctions: ocellus large, not
reduced; head, labial palpus and thorax with
normal scaling, smooth or sometimes as rough-
ened hair-like scales, but not with metallic plate-
like enlarged scales; head normal, not reduced
and retracted into prothorax; forewing usually
rounded distally, not distinctly truncated; larva
a borer, with reduced prolegs, pupa with reduced
setae.
DISTRIBUTION.?Palearctic and Pantropical,
with most species in the Palearctic and Australian
regions.
CURRENT TAXA.?Eight genera, 73 species.
PHYCODINAE Heppner, new subfamily
TYPE-GENUS.?Phycodes Guenee, 1852:389.
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?As for the family,
with the following distinctions: ocellus usually
prominent but rarely secondarily absent; head,
labial palpus, and thorax very smooth-scaled with
large plate-like scales of metallic iridescence; head
somewhat smaller than in Brachodinae, rarely
very reduced and appearing retracted into
thorax; forewing usually somewhat truncated dis-
tally; larva leaf-feeding externally, with prolegs
longer than in Brachodinae; pupa with longer
setae than in Brachodinae.
DISTRIBUTION.?Pantropical, with most species
in the Old World tropics.
CURRENT TAXA.?Three genera, 23 species.
NUMBER 314 13
Generic Synopsis of Brachodidae
Species
BRACHODINAE
Brachodes Guenee, 1845 32
Miscera Walker, 1863 25
Euthorybeta Turner, 1913 2
Synechodes Turner, 1913 1
Atractoceros Meyrick, 1936 2
Callatolmis Butler, 1877 3
Sagatassa Walker, 1856 7
Polyphlebia Felder, 1874 1
PHYCODINAE
/%<:<*/? Guenee, 1852 18
Nigitgia Walker, 1863 4
Hoplophractis Meyrick, 1920 1
Checklist of Brachodidae
Subfamily BRACHODINAE
Brachodes Guenee, 1845:311 [B. vemetella Guenee, 1845 (=
Chimera [sic] Junebris Feisthamel, 1833)]
Chimaera Ochsenheimer, 1808:2 [Sphinx chimaera
Hiibner, 1796 (= Sphinx appendiculata Esper,
1783); preoccupied, Linnaeus, 1766 (Pisces)]
Atychia Latreille, 1809:214 [Sphinx chimaera Hiib-
ner, 1796 (= Sphinx appendiculata Esper, 1783);
preoccupied, Ochsenheimer, 1808 (Zygaeni-
dae)]
Procerata Berthold, 1827:484 [Pyralis saldonana Fa-
bricius, 1787 (= Sphinx appendiculata Esper,
1783); nomen oblitum]
Chimera [sic] Feisthamel, 1833:259 [misspelling]
Palamemis Meyrick, 1906:205 [P. canonitis Mey-
rick, 1906]
Bradyptesis sensu Kasy, 1979:5 [not Bradyptesis
Sodoffsky, 1837 (Zygaenidae)]
P appendiculatus (Esper, 1783:227), Sphinx
vahliana (Fabricius, 1787:225), Pyralis
saldonana (Fabricius, 1787:232), Pyralis
chimaera (Hiibner, 1796: pi . 1: fig. 1), Sphinx
soldana [sic] (Berthold, 1827:484), Procerata [mis-
spelling]
lucida (Lederer, 1853:68), Atychia
powelli (Oberthiir, 1922:137), Atychia [new syn-
onymy]
P beryti (Stainton, 1867:53), Atychia [new combina-
tion]
nana (Lederer, 1855:226), Atychia [not Chimaera
nana Treitschke, 1834]
P candefactus (Lederer, 1858:151), Atychia [new com-
bination]
P canonitis (Meyrick, 1906:206), Palamemis [new com-
bination]
P caradjae (Rebel, 1902:122), Atychia [new combina-
tion!
P cassandrella (Staudinger, 1859:224), Myelois [new
combination]
P diacona (Lederer, 1858:151), Atychia [new combina-
tion]
P dispar (Herrich-Schafler, 1854:83), Atychia [new
combination]
compar (Staudinger, 1879:265), Atychia
P fallax (Staudinger, [1900]:350), Atychia [new com-
bination]
P fasciatus (Staudinger, [ 1900]: 349), Atychia [new com-
bination]
P flavescens (Turati, 1919:187), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P formosus (Amsel, 1953:315), Atychia [new combina-
tion]
P fulgurita (Fischer de Waldheim, 1832:360), Chimaera
[new combination]
pusilla (Eversmann, 1841:91), Chimaera
orbonota (Freyer, 1842:107), Chimaera
exilis (Herrich-Schaffer, [1856]:2), Atychia
confinis (Boisduval, [1875]:484), Atychia
P Junebris (Feisthamel, 1833:259), Chimera [sic]
vemetella Guenee, 1845:311
nana (Rambur, [ 1866]: 159), Atychia [not Chimaera
nana Treitschke, 1834]
gaditana (Rambur, [1866]: 160), Atychia [new syn-
onymy]
pusilla (Boisduval, [1875]:487), Atychia [not Chi-
maera pusilla Eversmann, 1841]
mediterranea (Walsingham, 1904:7), Atychia [no-
men nudum]
E injandus (Meyrick, 1920b:294), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P keredjella (Amsel, 1953:316), Atychia [new combina-
tion]
P laetus (Staudinger, 1863:269), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P mesopotamicus (Amsel, 1949:313), Atychia [new com-
bination]
E metaspilus (Meyrick, 1926b:302), Atychia [new com-
bination]
P minutulus (Erschoff, 1874:96), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P monotonus (Amsel, 1953:317), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P nana (Treitschke, 1834:97), Chimaera [new combi-
nation]
P nanetta (Oberthur, 1922:137), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P nycteropis (Meyrick, 1920b:294), Atychia [new com-
bination]
P orientalis (Rebel, 1905:217), Atychia [new combina-
tion]
P pumila (Ochsenheimer, 1808:3), Chimaera [new com-
bination]
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
chimaera (Hiibner, [1803-08]: p i . 86: fig. 405),
Noctua [not Sphinx chimaera Hiibner, 1796]
E quins (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:3), Atychia [new
combination]
P radiatus (Christoph, 1873:49), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
rasa (Christoph, 1877:226), Atychia
rasata (Staudinger, [19O0]:350), Atychia
P radiolatus (Staudinger, [1900]:351), Atychia [new
combination]
P rhagensis (Lederer, 1869:91), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P straminella (Rebel, 1916a: 194), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
P tristis (Staudinger, 1879:266), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
Miscera Walker, 1863b:457 [M. resumptana Walker, 1863]
A ambigua (Turner, 1942:91), Sagalassa [new combi-
nation]
A ampla (Turner, 1942:91), Sagalassa [new combina-
tion]
A androgyna Turner, 1913:203
A basichrysa (Lower, 1916:541), Sagalassa [new com-
bination]
A centropus Meyrick, 1907b: 104
A conspersa (Turner, 1942:90), Sagalassa [new combi-
nation]
A desmotoma (Lower, 1896:162), Atychia
desmotona [sic] Turner, 1913:202 [misspelling]
O diabolus (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:3), Atychia
[new combination]
A episcota (Lower, 1903:68), Atychia
O eubrachycera (Diakonoff, [1968]: 189), Sagalassa [new
combination]
A heterozyga Turner, 1913:202
A holodisca Meyrick, 1907b: 105
A homolona (Swinhoe, 1892:36), Balataea
A isomacha (Meyrick, 1925a: 132), Sagalassa [new com-
bination]
A leucopis Meyrick, 1907b: 102
A lygropis Turner, 1913:204
A mesochrysa (Lower, 1903:68), Atychia
A micrastra Meyrick, 1907b: 105
A omichleutis Meyrick, 1907b: 105
A orthaula Meyrick, 1907b: 102
A pammelas Turner, 1913:204
O platysema (Meyrick, 192lb: 180), Sagalassa [newcom-
bination]
A poecilota (Turner, 1923:166), Sagalassa [new combi-
nation]
A resumptana Walker, 1863b: 458
anlhomera (Lower, 1896:162), Atychia
NL triphaenoides (Butler, 1883:73), Atychia [new combi-
nation]
Euthorybeta Turner, 1913:201 [E. xanthoplaca Turner, 1913]
A ochroplaca Turner, 1913:201
A xanthoplaca Turner, 1913:201
Synechodes Turner, 1913:200 [S. coniophora Turner, 1913]
A coniophora Turner, 1913:200
Atractoceros Meyrick, 1936b:40 [Phycodes xanthoprocta Meyrick,
1914]
E albiciliatus (Walsingham, 1891:78), Atychia [new
combination]
E xanthoprocta (Meyrick, 1914a:283), Phycodes
Callatolmis Butler, 1877:348 [Lycomorpha coleoptrata Walker,
1854]
Sisyroctenis Meyrick, 1936c: 106 [S. hemicamina
Meyrick, 1936; new synonymy]
NL chrysauge (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:10), Eustixis
[new combination]
NL coleoptrata (Walker, 1854:288), Lycomorpha
NL hemicamina (Meyrick, 1936c: 106), Sisyroctenis [new
combination]
Sagalassa Walker, 1856:5 [S. robusta Walker, 1856]
GOTO Walker, 1862a:89 [G. aequalisWalker, 1862]
Jonaca Walker, 1863b:457 [/. compulsana Walker,
1863 (= Sagalassa valida Walker, 1856)]
NL aequalis (Walker, 1862a:90), Gora
NL cryptopyrrhella (Walker, 1866:1808), Jonaca
NL metallica Walker, 1856:6
NL nephelospila (Meyrick, 1912a:38),/onaca
NL orthochorda Meyrick, 1922:484
NL robusta Walker, 1856:5
cryptoleucella (Walker, 1866:1709), Acrobasis
NL valida Walker, 1856:6
compulsana (Walker, 1863b:457), Jonaca
crassalis (Walker, 1866:1289), Ennychia
querula (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875: p i . 138:
fig. 44), Atychia
quaerula [sic] (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:3),
Atychia [misspelling]
olivacea (Busck, 1914b:57), Jonaca
Polyphlebia Felder, 1874:8 [P. atychoides Felder, 1874 (=
Aclytia buprestoides Walker, 1865)]
NL buprestoides (Walker, [1865]: 101), Aclytia [new com-
bination]
atychoides Felder, 1874:8
S u b f a m i l y P H Y C O D I N A E
Phycodes Guenee, 1852:389 [P. hirudinicornis Guenee, 1852 (=
Chimaera radiata Ochsenheimer, 1808)]
Tegna Walker, 1866:1809 [T. hyblaeella Walker,
1866 (= Chimaera radiata Ochsenheimer, 1808)]
E albitogata Walsingham, 1891:80
O,P chalcocrossa Meyrick, 1909b:424
O chionardis Meyrick, 1909b:424
NUMBER 314 15
E eucallynta Meyrick, 1937:124
O maculata Moore, 1881:3 78
O minor Moore, 1881:3 78
lucasseni (Snellen, 1901:74), Choregia
cymineuta Meyrick, 1909b:424
E mochlophanes Meyrick, 1921c: 110
O morosa Diakonoff, 1948:202
P omnimicans Diakonoff, 1978a:43
O penitis Diakonoff, 1978a:41
E pseliota Meyrick, 1920b: 294
E /ramr/a/a Walsingham, 1891:78
O,P radiata (Ochsenheimer, 1808:5), Chimaera
hirudinicomis Guenee, 1852:389
hyblaetlla (Walker, 1866:1810), Tegna
mesopotamica Rebel, 1910b: 11
superbella Rebel, 1910b: 11 [nomen nudum]
E substriata Wahingham, 1891:79
O laonopa Meyrick, 1909b: 423
P tertiana Diakonoff, 1978a:42
O tortnana Moore, 1881:3 78
O venerea Meyrick, 1921b: 181
Nigilgia Walker, 1863b:511 [N. adjectella Walker, 1863]
Nigilica [sic] Turner, 1929:306 [misspelling]
E,O adjectella Walker, 1863b: 512
O,P limata Diakonoff and Arita, 1979b:90
E seyrigella Viette, [1955]:85
E toulgoetella Viette, [ 1955]:86
toulgoetella Viette, [1955]:86 [incorrect spelling]
Hoplophractis Meyrick, 1920a: 326 [H. heptachalca Meyrick,
1920]
NL heptachalca Meyrick, 1920a: 326
Taxa Excluded from Brachodidae
Genera hereby transferred to Zygaenidae:
Burlacena Walker, [1865]:80 [B. aegenoides Walker, 1865]
Sesiomorpha Snellen, 1885b:lll [S. abnormis Snel-
len, 1885 (= Syntomis vacua Walker, 1865)]
O aegenoides Walker, [1865]:80
abnormis (Pagenstecher, 1886:180), Sesiomorpha
[not Sesiomorpha abnormis Snellen, 1885]
O similata Walker, [ 1865]:81
O vacua (Walker, [1865]:75), Syntomis
abnormis (Snellen, 1885b: 112), Sesiomorpha
Cibdeloses Dun-ant, 1919:121 [C. dolopis Durrant, 1919]
O dolopis Durrant, 1919:122
Family SESIIDAE
SESIARIAE Boisduval, 1828:29 [type-genus: Sesia Fabricius,
1775:547].
AEGERIDAE Stephens, 1828:136 [type-genus: Aegeria Fabri-
cius, 1807a:288 (= Sesia Fabricius, 1775)].
TROCHILHDAE Westwood, 1843:32 [type-genus: Trochilium
Scopoli, 1777: 414 (= Sesia Fabricius, 1775)].
SESIIDAE Herrich-Schaffer, 1852:9 [type-genus: Sesia Fabri-
cius, 1775:547, not Sesiidae Stephens, 1828 (= Sphingi-
dae)]
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (Figures 28-31, 50-
62, 84-92, 104-105).?Small to large moths (5-
30 mm base to apex forewing length).
Head: Smooth-scaled; haustellum naked,
sometimes reduced; maxillary palpus minute, 1-
to 3-segmented; labial palpus upcurved, with rel-
atively long segment 2 and short segment 3,
roughened or smooth; ocellus large; linear chae-
tosema present on posterior head margin or ab-
sent; eye large, naked; antenna often tightly cla-
vate, tapering to setal tufted tip, or bipectinate
or pectinate, ventrally setaceous in male.
Thorax: Usually with dorso-anterior bag-like
protuberance on pre-epimeron; legs slender,
smooth-scaled with tufts at tibial spurs, some-
times with long hair-like scales over leg.
Forewing: Very elongate, with basal half nar-
rowed; usually partially hyaline, sometimes
opaque; radius 5-branched; R4 and R5 usually
long-stalked; chorda absent, rarely vestigial; pter-
ostigma absent; no vein in cell; median and
cubital veins free; CuP absent; anal veins absent,
vestigial basal spur sometimes present.
Hindwing: Shorter and broader than fore-
wing; usually partially hyaline, sometimes
opaque; frenulum single in both sexes; unique
costal marginal fold of Rs+M 1 for wing coupling;
median veins widely separated; M3 stalked with
CuAl, usually before crossvein; no vein in cell;
anal field enlarged; Al usually degenerate, only
scale line remaining; A2 present, distinct; A3
short, sometimes forked to A2 basally; A4 usually
present, rarely vestigial.
Abdomen: Elongate, slender, tapering to pos-
terior; sometimes narrowed at base; anal tuft
often large in males; abdomen often with colored
bands on alternate sclerites.
Male Genitalia: Uncus present, usually modi-
fied but may be fused with tegumen, sometimes
with lateral setaceous pads; tegumen present,
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
rarely reduced; socius sometimes present; gnathos
usually present; valva generally simple, but often
with specialized setae and saccular ridge (crista
sacculi); valva not bifurcate; vinculum devel-
oped; saccus usually well developed; aedeagus
elongate, slender, usually with bulbous base; cor-
nutus usually present.
Female Genitalia: Ovipositor with small papilla
analis; ostium bursae ventrally between sclerites
of abdominal segment 8 or on intersegmental
membrane between sternites 7 and 8, or on pos-
terior margin of sternite 7; ductus bursae mod-
erately elongate, sometimes short; usually mem-
branous; bursa copulatrix usually elongate-ovate
or small and ovate; signum usually absent, some-
times present or reduced as folds or bands.
Larva: Head hypognathous; frontoclypeus
from % to nearly at epicranial notch; stemmata
in trapezoid with 3 pairs as separate groups, with
V and VI remote; proleg short; crochets well
developed (somewhat reduced in Pennisetia), in
two transverse bands; prothorax with L-group
trisetose; distinct shield but unsclerotized, with
oblique sclerotized ridge on each side, nearly
convergent posteriorly; SD2 close to SD1; SV
setae distant; meso- and metathorax with LI close
to L3 and distant from L2; abdominal segments
1-6 with SD2 subequal to spiracle and SD1; L2
approximate and antero-dorsad to LI on same
pinaculum; abdominal segment 2 with SV setae
more or less in vertical line; abdominal segment
8 with D2 about as far apart as Dl.
Pupa: Dorsal spines present in two rows on
abdominal segments 2-7 in male (2-6 in female),
single row on 8-10; segments 3-7 in male (3-6 in
female) movable; head with sclerotized process or
ridge; maxillary palpus large; appendages free
when beyond wing tips; no distinct cremaster but
row of spines on segment 10, each with a fine seta
at tip; protruded at ecdysis; pupation in larval
gallery.
DISTRIBUTION.?In all faunal regions; in terms
of known species major speciation has occurred
in Pantropical regions but there has also been a
substantial species radiation in the Holarctic re-
gion.
CURRENT TAXA.?123 genera, 1063 species (in-
cludes 43 genera and 83 species unassigned to
subfamily).
HOSTS.?Aceraceae (Synanthedon); Betulaceae
(Aegeria, Paranthrene, Synanthedon),, Boraginaceae
(Carmenta, Idiopogon, Synanthedon, Trilochana, Zeno-
doxus); Caprifoliaceae (Aegeria, Synanthedon); Com-
positae (Carmenta, Hymenoclea); Cucurbitaceae
(Melittia); Cupressaceae (Aegeria); Ebenaceae
(Sannina); Elaeocarpaceae (Pennisetia); Ericaceae
(Synanthedon); Euphorbiaceae (Chamaesphecia); Fa-
gaceae (Aegeria, Carmenta, Paranthrene, Sesia, Syn-
anthedon); Lauraceae (Synanthedon); Leguminosae
(Bembecia, Carmenta, Chamaesphecia); Loranthaceae
(Carmenta); Malvaceae (Zenodoxus); Moraceae
(Carmenta); Myricaceae (Synanthedon); Nyssaceae
(Synanthedon); Oenotheraceae (Albuna); Oleaceae
(Podosesia); Onagraceae (Albuna, Euhagena); Pina-
ceae (Synanthedon); Platanaceae (Synanthedon);
Plumbaginaceae (Bembecia); Polemoniaceae (Syn-
anthedon); Polygonaceae (Bembecia, Synanthedon);
Ranunculaceae (Alcathoe); Rhamnaceae (Synan-
thedon); Rosaceae (Aegeria, Pennisetia, Podosesia, Syn-
anthedon); Salicaceae (Aegeria, Paranthrene, Sesia,
Synanthedon); Santalaceae (Carmenta); Saxifraga-
ceae (Aegeria, Synanthedon); Scrophulariaceae (Pen-
stemonia); Solanaceae (Synanthedon); Vitaceae (Al-
buna, Cissuvora, Vitacea).
DISCUSSION.?The Sesiidae form a compact
family of generally clear-winged moths that are
diurnal and highly mimetic in both appearance
and behavior. The larvae are primarily borers in
the trunks, bark, stems, or roots of trees, shrubs,
and vines or in the stems and roots of herbaceous
plants. Some species are inquiline borers in galls
on woody and herbaceous plants. Two species are
known to be predaceous on scale insects (Duck-
worth, 1969). Although generally recognized as a
distinct group since the early 1800's, the relation-
ships of the family to other groups of Lepidoptera
have been unclear. The highly modified struc-
tures and behavior of the adults have led various
researchers to consider a host of superficial resem-
blances for establishing relationships with other,
often very divergent, families in the Ditrysia.
While in recent years the position of the Sesiidae
NUMBER 314 17
stabilized in the superfamily Yponomeutoidea,
the origin of the group and relationships to other
taxa remained obscure. The higher category ar-
rangement defined in the present paper provides,
in the opinion of the authors, the first phyloge-
netically sound classification for the sesiids and is
predicated on an apparently close ancestral rela-
tionship with the family Brachodidae.
The subfamily classification provided for the
Sesiidae in the present paper has been developed
and discussed to varying degrees in previous pub-
lications (Duckworth and Eichlin, 1974, 1977c)
and, like the present paper, is an outgrowth of
revisionary studies being conducted by W. D.
Duckworth and Thomas D. Eichlin on the West-
ern Hemisphere sesiids. In the course of these
studies a broad range of characters have been
utilized for the development of higher categories
within the family, and these characters have been
analyzed over a broad sample of the world sesiid
fauna. As revisionary studies progress, a tribal
classification within each of the three subfamilies
is being developed. Tribes recognized to date
include Pennisetiini and Tinthiini in Tinthiinae;
Cissuvorini and Paranthrenini in Paranthreni-
nae; and Melittiini, Sesiini, Osminiini, and Syn-
anthedonini in Sesiinae. In the following generic
synopsis and checklist, however, tribal assign-
ments are omitted pending a more complete
study of Asian and African genera. In like man-
ner, the genera yet to be definitely assigned to a
subfamily are listed separately at the end of the
sesiid checklist.
Even though a great deal of work remains to
be done at the generic and specific levels, espe-
cially in the tropical areas of the world (Duck-
worth and Eichlin, 1978a), evidence to date sug-
gests that many genera are more widely distrib-
uted than has been previously recognized. Thus,
as our knowledge of the world sesiid fauna in-
creases it seems reasonable to expect that the
number of generic names will be substantially
reduced. Conversely, the scarcity of specimens
and difficulties of field sampling, due primarily
to the diurnal flight habit and fugitive behavior
of the adults and to the endophagous boring
habit of the larvae, suggest that many more spe-
cies of sesiids remain to be discovered, especially
in tropical regions. Additionally, recent biological
studies in North America associated with sesiid
sex pheromone research and field testing (Nielsen
and Purrington, 1974, 1978; Duckworth and Ei-
chlin, 1977a; Purrington and Nielsen, 1977) sug-
gest that species only marginally distinguishable
morphologically may be reproductively isolated
in nature. Therefore, one may reasonably con-
clude that the identified world sesiid fauna will
increase significantly as more research and field
sampling is accomplished. Indicative of these ex-
pected additions to the known sesiid fauna are
preliminary results of a revision of Neotropical
Sesiidae (by Duckworth and Eichlin) wherein
approximately 200 new species have already been
discerned from material at hand.
Biological information is fairly extensive for
Sesiidae, especially in North America and the
Palearctic region. This fact, however, should in
no way be construed to mean that there is not an
enormous need for extensive biological studies on
the family. Even in relatively well-studied areas
such as North America, many species are known
only from one or a few specimens of one sex, with
no available information concerning life-history,
distribution, or population dynamics.
Biological information for North American se-
siids is summarized in Beutenmiiller (1901),
Forbes (1923), Engelhardt (1946), and Duck-
worth and Eichlin (1977c, 1978b). Summaries for
areas of the Palearctic include Gaede (1933b),
Popescu-Gorj et al. (1958), Yano (1960, 1965),
and Fibiger and Kristensen (1974). The little
information available for Oriental species was
reviewed by Gaede (1933a). A summary for Aus-
tralia and New Zealand is provided in Duckworth
and Eichlin (1974) along with comments on some
general biological patterns observed in the family.
Many North American sesiid larvae were covered
by MacKay (1968).
The extraordinary morphological and behav-
ioral modifications found in sesiids, primarily to
affect mimicry relationships, has been largely un-
studied until quite recently. Many of the studies
18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
previously referred to include extensive sections
on sesiid morphology and behavior. In addition,
Kristensen (1974) has investigated the evolution
of wing transparency in sesiids and Sellier (1977)
the ultramorphology of sesiid antennal sensory
structures. An early paper by Staudinger (1854)
also includes details of adult morphology. Studies
on chemical communication in sesiids, primarily
in North America, has generated considerable
new information concerning behavior patterns
and is partially summarized in Duckworth and
Eichlin (1977a).
The presence of diffuse, linear chaetosemata
(Figure 31) along the posterior margin of the
head near the ocelli in all higher Sesiidae (Sesi-
inae and Paranthreninae), and the lack of this
feature in Tinthiinae, is noted herein for the first
time for the family. Scanning electron microscope
studies confirmed the identity of the "setae" that
had been suspected as being chaetosemata in
conventional examination of numerous sesiid
heads. Chaetosemata were first thoroughly dis-
cussed by Jordan (1923) but sesiids were not then
known to possess any chaetosemata. The sesiid
chaetosemata are very reduced compared to the
large, conspicuous chaetosemata found in Zyg-
aenidae and other families but are very similar to
the chaetosemata of Tortricidae, being only linear
instead of more compact. In being absent in
Tinthiinae, this feature clearly is an apomorphic
development of the more evolved sesiid subfami-
lies.
Some typical sesiid adults are illustrated in
Figures 8-13.
Key to Subfamilies of Sesiidae
1. Scale tuft at tip of antenna absent; forewing with veins R4 and R5
separate, or if stalked then M3 absent; hindwing with Al partially or
fully developed, A3 and A4 absent TINTHIINAE
Scale tuft at tip of antenna present; forewing with veins R4 and R5 stalked,
M3 present; hindwing with Al degenerate, A3 present and free or
partially joined to A2, A4 present 2
2. Hindwing with vein A3 free; Cu 1 arising distad of crossvein, or if arising
at or basad of crossvein, the forewing with stalk of R4 plus R5 not more
than one-half length of R4 or R5, or R4 and R5 coincident .. SESIINAE
Hindwing wtih vein A2 and A3 coincident except near base; Cu 1 arising
basad of crossvein, or if arising at or distad of crossvein, then forewing
with stalk of R4 plus R5 greater than one-half length of R4 or R5, or
stalk of R4 plus R5 stalked with R3 PARANTHRENINAE
Subfamily TINTHIINAE
TINTHIINAE Le Ccrf, 1917:148 [type-genus: Tinthia Walker,
[1865]:23].
BEMBECIINAE Niculescu, 1964:42 [type-genus: Bembecia of
authors; not Bembecia Hiibner, 1819 (= Pennisetia Dehne,
1850)].
ZENODOXINAE MacKay, 1968:5 [type-genus: Zenodoxus Grote
and Robinson, 1868:184].
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Head and eyes
comparatively small; antenna filiform, never cla-
vate, ciliate ventrally on males, without terminal
scale tuft; maxillary palpus 1-segmented; chae-
tosema absent. Thorax lacking bag-like protuber-
ance on pre-epimeron. Forewing with veins R4
and R5 stalked or unstalked; CuA2 absent or
more often very short. Hindwing with vein Al
nearly or entirely developed, A2 present, A3 and
A4 absent. Male genitalia with valva somewhat
rectangular to quadrangular, only simple setae
on concave inner surface, crista sacculi absent;
anellus fully developed, sleeve-like; base of saccus
and vinculum broad, thick, without processes;
tegumen unmodified; uncus simple or reduced to
pair of setose knobs; gnathos and socius absent.
Female genitalia with ductus bursae short, mem-
branous, except for sclerotized ring near ostium
NUMBER 314 19
bursae in some species; ductus seminalis arises
just anterior to ring; bursa copulatrix small, ovate
or elongate-ovate, without modifications. Larva
with head setae A2 posterior to Al; prothorax
with L3 posterior to LI, sometimes on same pi-
naculum; abdominal segment 7 with 3 SV setae;
abdominal segment 8 with L2 dorsad of LI. Pupa
similar to family description.
DISTRIBUTION.?World-wide but depauperate
in species numbers, with most species in the east-
ern Oriental region.
CURRENT TAXA.?13 genera, 62 species (a few
of the unplaced genera may belong here).
Subfamily PARANTHRENINAE
PARANTHRENINAE Niculescu, 1964:38 [type-genus: Paranthrene
Hubner,[ 1819]: 128].
SESIINAE Boisduval.?Naumann, 1971:58 [in part].
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Head with maxil-
lary palpus normally 2-segmented (3 in some
genera), second segment large and usually in-
dented in middle; labial palpus generally up-
curved, extending above frons, thickened and
roughened in appearance; antenna clavate with
terminal scale tuft, ciliate ventrally in male, usu-
ally bipectinate; head and eyes proportionately
larger than for species of Tinthiinae; linear chae-
tosema on posterior margin of head. Thorax with
baglike protuberance on pre-epimeron. Abdomen
of male with anal tuft arising from well-formed,
oblong to strap-like sclerites on segment 8. Fore-
wing most often with veins R4 and R5 long-
stalked, stalk generally longer than xh total length
of R4 or R5; CuA2 present, nearly as long as
CuAl. Hindwing with vein CuAl arising just
basad of crossvein (usually obscured by scale
covering); no accessory cell; Al degenerate (only
line of scales remains as fold); A2 and A3 coinci-
dent except near base; A4 present. Male genitalia
with valva having scales multifurcate dorsally,
setaceous ventrally and apically, with median
area unsealed or with thick, dark scales in saccular
region; tegumen reduced, short; gnathos small,
rounded or bifurcate, often with tooth-like pro-
cesses on ventral margin; uncus wide, elongate,
about 3-5 times longer than tegumen, clothed
latero-apically with long setaceous scales, mostly
bilobed apically; vinculum narrow, with pro-
cesses; saccus relatively short. Female genitalia
with ductus bursae elongate, narrow, membra-
nous, except for sclerotized ring near ostium bur-
sae; ductus seminalis arises just anterior to ring;
bursa copulatrix generally elongate-ovate, often
thickened with many transverse folds and various
longitudinal pigmented bands. Larva with head
setae A2 posterior to Al; prothorax with L2
anterodorsad to LI, L3 posterodorsad or poster-
oventrad of LI and more distant; abdominal
segment 7 with 3 SV setae; abdominal segment
8 sometimes with L2 posterior to LI. Pupa similar
to family description.
DISTRIBUTION.?World-wide, with the greatest
number of species in the Old World.
CURRENT TAXA.?Nine genera, 136 species
(some of the unplaced genera may belong here).
Subfamily SESIINAE
SESIINAE Boisduval, 1828:29 [type-genus: Sesia Fabricius,
1775:547].
AEGERIINAE sensu Le Cerf, 1917:148 [type-genus: Aegeria
Fabricius, 1807a:288 (= Sesia Fabricius, 1775)].
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Head with maxil-
lary palpus 2-segmented, second segment much
reduced in most species; eyes average proportion-
ately larger than species of Paranthreninae and
Tinthiinae; antenna variously clavate with ter-
minal scale tuft, ventrally ciliate in male, pecti-
nate only in some species of Melittiini and Sesiini;
linear chaetosema on posterior head margin.
Thorax with bag-like protuberance on pre-epi-
meron. Anal tuft issuing from well-formed scler-
ites. Forewing generally with stalk of veins R4 +
R5 Vz or less than Vi total length of R4 or R5;
CuA2 nearly as long as CuAl. Hindwing without
accessory cell; M3 and CuAl short-stalked distad
of crossvein except in Melittiini; Al degenerate,
its position indicated by scale line on fold; A2,
A3, and A4 present. Male genitalia generally with
tegumen and uncus fused, exact limits of each
obscure; gnathos usually well-developed; var-
20 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
iously shaped socius present in most species, vary-
ing in structure, many species with scopula an-
droconalis; subscaphium usually thin, strap-like;
vinculum narrow, with processes, saccus of vary-
ing length; valva variously modified, most fre-
quently with specialized scales. Female genitalia
with ductus bursae long, narrow, usually mem-
branous, sometimes partially sclerotized; ductus
seminalis arises midway on ductus bursae or near
ostium bursae; bursa copulatrix moderate, elon-
gate-ovate, unmodified. Larva with head setae
A2 posterolateral to Al or between Al and A3;
prothorax with L3 posterodorsad to LI; abdom-
inal segment 7 with 2 SV setae; abdominal seg-
ment 8 with L2 anterior to spiracle. Pupa similar
to family description.
DISTRIBUTION.?World-wide and the largest
subfamily, with numerous Holarctic and Pan-
tropical species.
CURRENT TAXA.?58 genera, 782 species (some
of the unplaced genera may belong here).
DISCUSSION.?As indicated by Naumann
(1971), the type-species designation for Aegeria is
Sphinx apiformis Clerck, 1759, and not Sphinx culi-
ciformis Linnaeus, 1758 (now in Synanthedori), thus
making Aegeria a junior synonym of Sesia. This
situation was clarified by T. D. Eichlin and noted
by Bradley and Fletcher (1974).
Generic Synopsis of Sesiidae
Species
TlNTHIINAE
Pennisetia Dehne, 1850
Rectala Bryk, 1947
Tinthia Walker, 1865
Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919
Paranthrenopsis Le Cerf, 1911
Microspkecia Bartel, 1912
Neotinthia Hampson, 1919
Bombosceles Meyrick, 1930
Zenodoxus Grote and Robinson, 1868
Trichocerota Hampson, 1893
Sophona Walker, 1856
Ficivora Clarke, 1962
Myrmecosphecia Le Cerf, 1917
PARANTHRENINAE
Cissuvora Engelhardt, 1946
Paranthreru Hiibner, 1819
8
1
7
3
2
2
1
1
18
16
1
1
1
1
88
Paranthrenina Bryk, 1947
Vitacea Engelhardt, 1946
Album H. Edwards, 1881
Euhagena H. Edwards, 1881
Sincara Walker, 1856
Tirista Walker, 1865
Sura Walker, 1856
SESIINAE
Melittia Hiibner, 1819
Desmopoda Felder, 1874
Sesia Fabricius, 1775
Toleria Walker, 1865
Calasesia Beutenmiiller, 1899
Callithia Le Cerf, 1916
Osminia Le Cerf, 1917
Kemneriella Bryk, 1947
Synanthedon Hiibner, 1819
Chamaesphecia Spuler, 1910
Ceritrypetes Bradley, 1956
Weismanniola Naumann, 1971
Palmia Beutenmiiller, 18%
Podosesia Moschler, 1879
Stamina Walker, 1856
Scalarignathia Capuse, 1973
Diakonqffia Niculescu, 1969
Carmenta H. Edwards, 1881
Penstemonia Engelhardt, 1946
Alcathoe H. Edwards, 1882
Hymenoclea Engelhardt, 1946
Bembecia Hiibner, 1819
Euryphrissa Butler, 1874
Aegerina Le Cerf, 1916
Lepidopoda Hampson, 1900
Leptaegeria Le Cerf, 1916
Chamanthedon Le Cerf, 1916
Chimaerosphecia Strand, 1916
Conopsia Strand, 1913
Crinipus Hampson, 1896
Mimocrypta Naumann, 1971
Parasesia Le Cerf, 1916
Rhipidurina Naumann, 1971
Stenosphecia Le Cerf, 1917
Pseudalcathoe Le Cerf, 1916
Tarsopoda Butler, 1874
TeUosphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Callisphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Tipulamima Holland, 1893
Episannina Aurivillius, 1905
Camaegeria Strand, 1914
Aegerosphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Aenigmina Le Cerf, 1912
Lophoceps Hampson, 1919
Pseudomelittia Le Cerf, 1917
Dasysphecia Hampson, 1919
1
4
6
8
10
2
16
103
1
28
2
1
1
2
1
298
109
31
4
8
1
58
2
5
10
5
26
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
17
6
1
5
1
5
3
1
NUMBER 314 21
Tradescanticola Hampson, 1919
Hypanthedon Hampson, 1919
Hypomelittia Hampson, 1919
Epitarsipus Le Cerf, 1922
Amphithales Meyrick, 1926
Malgassesia Le Cerf, 1922
Ohgophlebia Hampson, 1893
Metasphecia Le Cerf, 1917
Micrecia Hampson, 1919
Microsynanthedon Viette, 1955
Monopetalotaxis Wallengren, 1858
Vespanlhedon Le Cerf, 1917
Genera Unassigned to Subfamily
Adixoa Hampson, 1893
Adixoana Strand, 1913
Agriomelissa Meyrick, 1931
Alonina Walker, 1856
Anaudia Wallengren, 1863
Aschistophleps Hampson, 1893
Augangela Meyrick, 1932
Caudicomia Bryk, 1947
Conopyga Felder, 1861
Echidgnathia Hampson, 1919
Ecrectica Walker, 1865
Erismatica Meyrick, 1933
Grypopalpia Hampson, 1919
Gymnosophistis Meyrick, 1934
Heterosphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Homogyna Le Cerf, 1911
Hovaesia Le Cerf, 1957
Hymenosphecia Le Cerf, 1917
Idiopogon Meyrick, 1934
Isocylindra Meyrick, 1930
Isothamnis Meyrick, 1935
Lenyra Walker, 1856
Lenyrhova Le Cerf, 1957
Leuthneria Dalla Torre, 1925
Macroscelesia Hampson, 1919
Macrotarsipus Hampson, 1893
Megalosphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Melanosphecia Le Cerf, 1916
Melisophista Meyrick, 1927
Nyctaegeria Le Cerf, 1914
Oligophlebiella Strand, 1916
Pedalomna Gaede, 1929
Proaegeria Le Cerf, 1916
Rodolphia Le Cerf, 1911
Similipepsis Le Cerf, 1911
Sphecosesia Hampson, 1910
Thamnoscelis Meyrick, 1928
Thyranthrene Hampson, 1919
Trichobaptes Holland, 1893
Trilochana Moore, 1879
Tyrictaca Walker, 1862
Uranothyris Meyrick, 1933
Xenoses Durrant, 1924
Checklist of Sesiidae
Subfamily TINTHIINAE
Pemisetia Dehne, 1850:28 [P. anomala Dehne, 1850 (= Sesia
hylaeiformis Laspeyres, 1801)]
Bembecia of authors [not Bembecia Hiibner, 1819]
Anthrenoptera Swinhoe, 1892:35 [Sphecia contracta
Walker, 1856]
Lophocruma Turner, 1917:78 [L. eusphyra Turner,
1917]
Diapyra Turner, 1917:79 [Sesia igniflua Lucas,
1894]
Glossecia Hampson, 1919:113 [Sesia igniflua Lu-
cas, 1894]
P bohemica Kralicek and Povolny, 1974:164
P contracta (Walker, 1856:11), Sphecia
fixseni (Leech, 1889a:591), Sphecia
NL eucheripennis Boisduval, [1875]:384
A eusphyra (Turner, 1917:79), Lophocnema
P hylaeiformis (Laspeyres, 1801:14), Sesia
hyleiformis [sic] (Duponchel, 1835:129), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
anomala Dehne, 1850:28
A igniflua (Lucas, 1894:133), Sesia
N marginata (Harris, 1839:303), Trochilium
pleciaeformis (Walker, 1856:40), Aegeria
odyneripennis (Walker, 1856:42), Aegeria
rubi (Riley, 1874:111), Aegeria
flavipes (Hulst, 1881:76), Sesia
variety albicoma (Hulst, 1883:9), Bembecia
P pectinata (Staudinger, 1887c: 167), Sesia
Rectala Bryk, 1947:103 [R. asyliformis Bryk, 1947]
P asyliformis Bryk, 1947:104
Tinthia Walker, [1865]:23 [T. varipes Walker, 1865]
Soronia Moore, 1877:83 [S. cuprealis Moore, 1877;
preoccupied, Erichson, 1843 (Coleoptera)]
Ceratocorema Hampson, [1893a]:200 [C. postcrista-
tum Hampson, 1893]
O cuprealis (Moore, 1877:84), Soronia
O cymbalistis Meyrick, 1926a:268
O mesatma Meyrick, 1926a: 269
O postcristata (Hampson, [1893a]:200), Ceratocorema
O ruficoUaris (Pagenstecher, 1900:21), Paranthrene
O varipes Walker, [1865]:24
A xanthospila Hampson, 1919:115
xanthopila [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:183
[misspelling]
Paradoxecia Hampson, 1919:114 [Aegeria gravis Walker, 1865]
22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O croconeura (Meyrick, 1926a: 267), Paranthrene
O gravis (Walker, [1865]: 12), Aegeria
O pieli Lieu, 1935:190
Paranthrenopsis Le Cerf, 191 lc:302 [P. harmandi Le Cerf, 1911
(= Tinthia editha Butler, 1878)]
Entrichella Bryk, 1947:102 [E. pogonias Bryk,
1947]
P editha (Butler, 1878:61), Tinthia
harmandi Le Cerf, 191 lc:302
P pogonias (Bryk, 1947:103), Entrichella
Microsphecia Bartel, 1912:414 [Sphinx tineiformis Esper, 1789;
new status]
P tineiformis (Esper, [ 1789]:9), Sphinx
aselliformis (Rossi, 1794:16), Sesia
brosiformis (Hubner, [1808-13]: pi. 25: fig. 116),
Sphinx
O suisharyonis Strand, [ 1917a]: 152
Neotinthia Hampson, 1919:115 [N. semihyalina Hampson,
1919]
O semihyalina Hampson, 1919:115
Bombosceles Meyrick, 1930a: 260 [B. cyanomyia Meyrick, 1930]
NL cyanomyia Meyrick, 1930a: 260
Zenodoxus Grote and Robinson, 1868:184 [Z. maculipes Grote
and Robinson, 1868]
O aurantia Hampson, 1919:118
N canescens H. Edwards, 1881:205
race sidae Engelhardt, 1946:199
P constricta (Butler, 1878:61), Tinthia
pemix (Matsumura, 1931a: 1016), Paranthrene
shakojianus Matsumura, 1931a: 1018
P dorsalis Le Cerf, 1914b:272
form obscura Le Cerf, 1914b:274
P esakii Yano, 1960:235
O flavicincta Hampson, 1919:119
N heucherae H. Edwards, 1881:205
potentillae H. Edwards, 1881:205
P hoplisiformis (Mann, 1864:176), Paranthrene
P issikii Yano, 1960:236
N maculipes Grote and Robinson, 1868:184
N mexicanus Beutenmiiller, 1897:216
P myrmosaeformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:59), Paran-
threna [sic]
variety lucida (Lederer, 1853:68), Paranthrena [sic]
[nomen nudum]
myrmosiformis (Staudinger, 1856:336), Sesia
[emendation]
myrmosiformis [sic] variety dngulata (Staudinger,
1870:100), Paranthrene
N,NL palmii (Neumoegen, 1891:108), Larunda
palmiana (Dalla Torre, 1925:160), Paranthrene [re-
placement name]
wissadulae Engelhardt, 1946:195
race sphaeralceae Engelhardt, 1946:198
race incanae Engelhardt, 1946:198
O proximo (Le Cerf, 1916b: 11), Trichocerota
N,NL rubens Engelhardt, 1946:200
canescens race bexari Engelhardt, 1946:200
N sidalceae Engelhardt, 1946:1%
O taiwanellus Matsumura, 1931a: 1018
P trifasciatus Yano, 1960:237
Trichocerota Hampson, [1893a]: 199 [7". ruficincta Hampson,
1893]
Trichocerata [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
183 [misspelling]
O antigama Meyrick, l926a:270
E bicolor (Le Cerf, 1917:372), Zenodoxus
O brachythyra Hampson, 1919:118
O cupreipennis (Walker, [1865]: 11), Aegeria
O diplotima Meyrick, 1926a:269
O dizona Hampson, 1919:117
O erythranches Meyrick, 1926a:269
O Julvistriga Hampson, 1919:117
O intervenata Hampson, 1919:117
E lambomella (Dun-ant, [1914]:513), Tinthia
O leiaeformis (Walker, 1856:58), Aegeria
O linozona Meyrick, 1926a: 269
O radians Hampson, 1919:116
O ruficincta Hampson, [ 1893a]: 199
O spilogastra (Le Cerf, 1916b: 11), Tinthia
O univitta Hampson, 1900:44
Sophona Walker, 1856:60 [S. halictipemis Walker, 1856]
NL halictipemis Walker, 1856:60
NL h. flavizonata Zukowsky, 1937:1259
Ficivora Clarke, 1962:383 [F. leucoteles Clarke, 1962]
NL leucoteles Clarke, 1962:387
Myrmecosphecia Le Cerf, 1917:374 [M. lemoulti Le Cerf, 1917]
NL lemoulti Le Cerf, 1917:375
le moulti Le Cerf, 1917:375 [incorrect spacing]
Subfamily PARANTHRENINAE
Cissuvora Engelhardt, 1946:134 [C. ampelopsis Engelhardt,
1946]
N ampelopsis Engelhardt, 1946:134
Paranthrene Hubner, [1819]: 128 [Sphinx tabaniformis Rottem-
burg, 1775]
Memythrus Newman, 1832b: 53 [Sphinx vespiformis
Newman, 1832; (= Sphinx tabaniformis Rottem-
burg, 1775)]
Paranthrena Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:58 [emenda-
tion]
NUMBER 314 23
o
E
O
E
H,NL
O
O
O
P
O,P
O
O
O
E
Sciapteron Staudinger, 1854:43 [Sphinx asiliformis O
Denis and Schiffermiiller, 1775 (= Sphinx ta- O
baniformis Rottemburg, 1775)]
Tarsa Walker, 1856:61 [T. bombyciformis Walker,
1856 (= Sesia asilipennis Boisduval, 1829-38)] O
Pseudosesia Felder, 1861:28 [P. insulans Felder,
1861]
Pseudosetia [sic] Boisduval, [1875]:461 [misspell- O
ing] O
Pramila Moore, 1879b:9 [P. atkinsoni Moore, E
1879] O
Fatua H. Edwards, 1882b:97 [Trochilium denuda- O
turn Harris, 1839 (= Sesia asilipennis Boisduval, P
1829-38); preoccupied, Dejean, 1833 (Coleop- O
tera)] N
Phlogothauma Butler, 1882:237 [P. scintillans But-
ler, 1882; new synonymy]
Sciapterum Bartel, 1912:376 [emendation]
Paranthrenella Strand, [1916]:47 [Paranthrene (Par- E
anthrenella) formosicola Strand, 1916] N ,NL
Sciopterum [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:154 P
[misspelling]
Pseudosecia [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925: P
187 [misspelling]
Nokono Matsumura, 1931b: 11 [Paranthrene (No-
kono) yezonica Matsumura, 1931 (= Sciapteron
regale Butler, 1878)]
Leptocimbicina Bryk, 1947:100 [L. aurivena Bryk,
1947]
affinis Rothschild, 1911:46 O
africana (Le Cerf, 1917:325), Album O
albifrons Hampson, 1919:103 O
anthrax Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 O
asilipennis (Boisduval, 1829-38: pi. 84: fig. 3), Sesia O
denudation (Harris, 1839:310), Trochilium O
asilipennis (Boisduval, [1844]:496), Sesia [text] O
vespipenne (Herrich-Schafier, 1854:57), Trochilium O
bombyciformis (Walker, 1856:61), Tarsa P
vespipennis (Boisduval, [1875]:393), Sesia [new O
synonymy]
championi (Druce, 1883:29), Sphecia O
atkinsoni (Moore, 1879b:9), Pramila O
atcinsoni Hampson, 1919:102 [emendation] O
aurantiaca (Rebel, 1917:274), Sciapteron O
aurantiarum [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925: O
189 [index; misspelling] E
auricollis (Hampson, [1893a]: 198), Adixoa
aurifera Hampson, 1919:105 O
aurivena (Bryk, 1947:100), Leptocimbicina
bicincta (Walker, [ 1865]: 12), Aegeria E
caeruleimicans (Hampson, [1893a]: 192), Sciapteron
cambodialis (Walker, [1865]: 15), Sanmina
canarensis Hampson, 1919:103 O
chalcochlora Hampson, 1919:101 O
charlesi Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
chinensis (Leech, 1889b: 121), Sciapteron
regale (Leech, 1889a:591), Sciapteron [not Sciapteron
regale Butler, 1878]
chrysochloris (Hampson, 1897:283), Trilochana
metallica (van Eecke, 1915:276), Sciapteron [not
Sciapteron metallica Hampson, 1893]
chrysoidea Zukowsky, 1932:317
cupreivitta (Hampson, [1893a]: 193), Sciapteron
cuprescens Hampson, 1919:106
cyanogama Meyrick, 1930b:584
cyanopis Durrant, 1915:166
davidi Le Cerf, 1917:259
dohertyi (Rothschild, 1911:47), Ichneumenoptera
dollii (Neumoegen, 1894:330), Sciapteron
variety castaneum Beutenmiiller, 1897:213), Sciap-
teron
form fasciventris Engelhardt, 1946:142
dybowskii (Le Cerf, 1917:324), Albuna
fenestrata Barnes and Lindsey, 1922:122
feralis (Leech, 1889a:591), Sciapteron
daisensis Matsumura, 1931a: 1016
fervida (Lederer, 1855:182), Sesia
variety ponticum (Staudinger, 1891:241), Sciap-
teron
variety subfervidum (Staudinger, 1891:241), Sciap-
teron
variety transcaucasicum (Staudinger, 1891:242),
Sciapteron
Jlammans (Hampson, [1893a]: 191), Sciapteron
flavifrons Hampson, 1919:103
formosicola Strand, [1916]:47
gracilis (Swinhoe, 1890:168), Sciapteron
grotei (Moore, 1879a:414), Pseudosesia
henrici Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
heterodesma Diakonoff, [1968]:230
hyalochrysa Diakonoff, 1954:190
insolitus Le Cerf, 1914d:422
insulans (Felder, 1861:28), Pseudosesia
productalis (Walker, [1865]: 19), Melittia
iridina Bryk, 1947:107
javana Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
lecerfi Hampson, 1919:109
leucocera Hampson, 1919:107
limpida Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
lodimana (Strand, 1918:46), Sciapteron [new combi-
nation]
meeki (Druce, 1898:207), Sciapteron
meed Hampson, 1919:108 [emendation]
mesothyris Hampson, 1919:107
merothyris [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:160,
[misspelling]
metallica (Hampson, [1893a]: 193), Sciapteron
metaxantha Hampson, 1919:109
24 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O microthyns Hampson, 1919:108
O mimta (Swinhoe, 1890:171), Pramila
P "nana" Lederer, 1853:68, Paranthrena [sic] [nomen
nudum; unknown species]
O noblei (Swinhoe, 1890:166), Sciapteron
jucunda (Swinhoe, 1890:167), Sciapteron
O oberthueri Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
oberthuri Le Cerf, 1916b: 10 [incorrect spelling]
O opalescens Hampson, 1919:104
O panorpaeformis (Boisduval, [1875]:393), Sesia
N pellucida Greenfield and Karandinos, 1979:499
O pentazonata Hampson, 1919:102
O,P pemix (Leech, 1889a:592), Bembecia
hirayamai Matsumura, 1931a: 1016
O ptlamicola Strand, [1916]:47
O potcilocephala Diakonoff, [1968]:232
P polonica Schnaider, [ 1939]: 143
O pompilus Bryk, 1947:101
O powondrae Dalla Torre, 1925:161 [replacement
name for Paranthrene tricincta Wileman and
South, 1918]
tricincta Willeman and South, 1918:169 [not Ae-
geria tricincta Harris, 1839]
E propyria Hampson, 1919:101
O pulchripennis (Walker, 1862b:82), Sanmina
ambigua (Snellen, 1900:36), Melittia
andamana Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
P purpurea Yano, 1965:6
E pythes (Druce, 1899:204), Aegeria
O rangoonensis (Swinhoe, 1890:165), Aegeria
O,P regalis (Butler, 1878:60), Sciapteron
yezmica Matsumura, 1931a: 1017
N,NL robiniae (H. Edwards, 1880:72), Sciapteron
perlucida (Busck, 1915:80), Memythrus
form palescens Engelhardt, 1946:144
O rufifinis (Walker, 1862b:82), Sannina
celebica Le Cerf, 1916b: 10
E sanguipennis Meyrick, 1926a: 267
O scintillans (Butler, 1882:238), Phlogothauma [new
combination]
O semidiaphana Zukowsky, 1929b:36
O sesiiformis Moore, 1858:385
O sikkima (Moore, 1879b:9), Sciapteron
siccima Hampson, 1919:109 [emendation]
NL silvai Kohler, 1953:21
N simulans (Grote, 1881a:78), Trochilium
palmii (H. Edwards, 1887:145), Fatua
luggeri (H. Edwards, 1891:108), Trochilium
H tabaniformis (Rottemburg, 1775:110), Sphinx
asiliformis ([Denis and Schiffermuller], 1775:305),
Sphinx [not Sphinx asiliformis Rottemburg,
1775]
E
O
O
E
E
O
O
rhingiaeformis (Hiibner, 1790:89), Sphinx
crabroniformis (Laspeyres, 1801:11), Sesia [not
Sphinx crabroniformis Denis and Schiffermuller,
1775]
vespiformis (Newman, 1832a: 1), Sphinx [not Sphinx
vespiformis Linnaeus, 1761]
tricincta (Harris, 1839:310), Aegeria
serratiformis (Freyer, 1842:130), Sesia
synagriformis (Rambur, [1866]: 148), Sesia
tabaniforme variety kungessana (Alpheraky, 1882:
20), Sciapteron
denotata (H. Edwards, 1882a:55), Albuna
rhingiaeformis variety intermedia Le Cerf, 1916a: 16
form annulifera Closs, 1920:13
aberration diaphana Schawerda, 1921:165
tricinctas [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:168
[misspelling]
tricincta form oslari Engelhardt, 1946:140
thalassina Hampson, 1919:101
tristis Le Cerf, 1917:261
trizonata (Hampson, 1900:43), Sciapteron
xanthopyga Hampson, 1919:101
xanthosoma (Hampson, 1910a: 154), Sciapteron
zoneiventris Le Cerf", 1916b: 10
zomventris [sic] Le Cerf, 1917:260 [misspelling]
zygophora Hampson, 1919:109
Paranthrenina Bryk, 1947:106 [P. myrmekomorpha Bryk, 1947]
O myrmekomorpha Bryk, 1947:106
Vitacea Engelhardt, 1946:151 [Aegeria polistiformis Harris,
1854]
N,NL admiranda (H. Edwards, 1882a:54), Sciapteron
admirantus [sic] (Le Cerf, 1917:311), Paranthrene
[misspelling]
N cupressi (H. Edwards, 1881:183), Sciapteron
N polistiformis (Harris, 1854:216), Aegeria
seminole (Neumoegen, 1894:330), Sciapteron
form huron Engelhardt, 1946:154
N scepsiformis (H. Edwards, 1881:183), Sciapteron
Albuna H. Edwards, 1881:186 [Aegeria hylotomiformis Walker,
1856 (= Aegeria pyramidalis Walker, 1856)]
Harmonia H. Edwards, 1882a:54 [H. morrisoni H.
Edwards, 1882 (= Carmentajraxini H. Edwards,
1881); preoccupied, Mulsant, 1846 (Coleop-
tera); Haswell, 1879, (Crustacea); and Hart-
mann, 1881 (Mollusca)]
Parharmonia Beutenmiiller, 1894a:89 [Harmonia
morrisoni H. Edwards, 1882; replacement name
for Harmonia H. Edwards, 1882]
A carulifera (Hampson, 1919:108), Paranthrene
coracodes (Turner, 1922:61), Trochilium
caerulifera (Turner, 1922:62), Trochilium [emen-
dation]
NUMBER 314 25
N fraxini (H. Edwards, 1881:185), Carmenta
morrisoni (H. Edwards, 1882a:55), Harmonia
morrisonii [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:158
[misspelling]
form vitriosa Engelhardt, 1946:169
A isozona (Meyrick, 1886b:689), Sesia
A oberthueri (Le Cerf, 1916b: 10), Phlogothauma
oberthiiri (Le Cerf, 1916b: 10), Phlogothauma [incor-
rect spelling]
Urribile (Turner, 1917:81), Sciapteron
terrible [sic] (Duckworth and Eichlin, 1974:19),
Sciapteron [misspelling]
N pyramidalis (Walker, 1856:40), Aegeria
hylotomiformis (Walker, 1856:43), Aegeria
nomadaepennis (Boisduval, 1869:63), Sesia
rubescens (Hulst, 1881:76), Sesia
montana H. Edwards, 1881:188
tanaceti H. Edwards, 1881:188
vancouverensis H. Edwards, 1881:188
coloradensis H. Edwards, 1881:189
torva H. Edwards, 1881:189
beutenmuellenSkinner, 1903:126
beutenmulleri Skinner, 1903:126 [incorrect spell-
ing]
A zoniota (Turner, 1922:62), Paranthrene
zonionota [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:169
[misspelling]
Euhagena H. Edwards, 1881:180 [E. nebraskae H. Edwards,
1881]
Larunda H. Edwards, 1881:182 [L solituda H.
Edwards, 1881 (= Aegeria emphytiformis Walker,
1856; preoccupied, Leach, 1815 (Crustacea);
Hubner, 1823 (Geometridae)]
Gaea Beutenmiiller, 1896:115 [Larunda solituda H.
Edwards, 1881; replacement name for Larunda
H. Edwards, 1881]
E callipleura Meyrick, 1932b:338
N,NL emphytiformis (Walker, 1856:43), Aegeria
solituda (H. Edwards, 1881:182), Larunda
NL erasmia Zukowsky, 1950:23
O leucozona (Hampson, 1919:63), Gaea [new combi-
nation]
NL lilloi Kohler, 1941:6
N,NL nebraskae H. Edwards, 1881:181
coloradensis (Beutenmiiller, 1893:25), Pyrrhotaenia
form mormoni Engelhardt, 1946:171
form intensa Engelhardt, 1946:172
E nobilis (Druce, 1910a:401), Aegeria
O variegata (Walker, [1865]:24), Tinthia [new combi-
nation]
Sincara Walker, 1856:61 [S. eumeniformis Walker, 1856]
NL alopecura Zukowsky, 1937:1258
NL cambyses Druce, 1884:33
NL confusa Butler, 1874:409
NL crassicomis Walker, [ 1865]: 7
NL eumeniformis Walker, 1856:62
NL lylea Druce, 1884:33
NL maeonia Druce, 1889:81
NL manilia Druce, 1889:82
NL manoba Druce, 1889:82
NL phyllis Druce, 1884:33
Tirista Walker, [1865]:22 [T. argentifrons Walker, 1865]
NL argentifrons Walker, [1865]:22
NL praxila Druce, 1896:325
Sura Walker, 1856:65 [S. xylocopiformis Walker, 1856]
Sara [sic] Druce, 1882:15 [misspelling]
E bicolorLe Cerf, 1917:271
xylocopiformis Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 [not Sura xylo-
copiformis Walker, 1856]
O chalybea Butler, 1876:309
coeruleonitens (Rothschild, 1912:122), Spheda
caeruleonitens [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
121), Sphecia [misspelling]
O cyanea Hampson, 1919:99
O cyanolampra Diakonoff, [1968]:229
E ellenbergeri (Le Cerf, 1917:319), Episaimina
O ignicauda (Hampson, [1893a]: 191), Trilochana
E lampadura Meyrick, 1935:558
E melanochalcia (Le Cerf, 1917:319), Episannina
O Phoenicia Hampson, 1919:99
O pryenDruce, 1882:15
E pyrocera Hampson, 1919:98
E ruficauda (Rothschild, 1911:46), Aegeria
E rufitibia Hampson, 1919:98
O tetrapora Diakonoff, [1968]:228
O uncariae Schneider, 1940:116
E xylocopiformis Walker, 1856:65
Subfamily Sesiinae
Melittia Hubner, [1819]: 128 [M. anthedoniformis Hubner, 1819
(= Sphinx bombiliformis Cramer, 1782)]
Eumallopoda Wallengren, 1858:84 [E. laniremis
Wallengren, 1858]
Parasa Wallengren, 1863:137 [P. aureosquamata
Wallengren, 1863; preoccupied, Moore, 1858
(Limacodidae)]
Pansa Wallengren, 1865:9 [Parasa aureosquamata
Wallengren, 1863; replacement name for Par-
asa Wallengren, 1863]
Poderis Boisduval, [1875]:433 [Melittia anthedoni-
formis Hubner, 1819; unavailable by publica-
tion in synonymy]
Melitha [sic] Kirby, 1879:145 [misspelling]
Melitta [sic] Druce, 1892:276 [misspelling]
PremeUttia Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [P. rufescens Le Cerf,
1916]
26 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Neosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [AT. combusta Le Cerf,
1916]
Melittina Le Cerf, 1917:239 [M. nigra Le Cerf,
1917]
E abyssiniensis Hampson, 1919:95
E acosmetes Hampson, 1919:86
E atlhiopica Le Cerf, 1917:227
E amblyphaea Hampson, 1919:86
A,O amboinensis Felder, 1861:28
meeki Le Cerf, 1916b:8
celebica Le Cerf, 1916b:8
javana Le Cerf, 1916b:8
doddi Le Cerf, 1916b:8
variety asiatica Le Cerf, 1917:197
thaurnasia Turner, 1917:81
O a. erythrina Diakonoff, 1954:188
NL arcangelii Giacomelli, 1911:29
arcangeli [sic] Anon., 1918:158 [misspelling]
O astarte (Westwood, 1848:61), Trochilium
E aureosquamata (Wallengren, 1863:137), Parasa
variety houlberti Le Cerf, 1917:233
E auriplumia Hampson, 1910c:506
laboissierei Le Cerf, 1917:229
E aurociliata (Aurivillius, 1879:47), Pansa
E azrael Le Cerf, 1914a:61
azrael Le Cerf, 1914a:61 [incorrect spelling]
O batchiana Le Cerf, 1917:190
NL bergii H. Edwards, 1883:157
O binghami Nice\i\le, 1900:174
burmana Le Cerf, 1916b:8
O, P bombiliformis (Cramer, 1782:241), Sphinx
bombyliformis (Cramer 1782:248 [index]), Sphinx
[emendation]
chalciformis (Fabricius, 1793:382), Sesia
anthedoniformis Hiibner, [1819]: 128
bombylipennis Boisduval, [1875]:473
arrecta Meyrick, 1918b: 181
E boulleti Le Cerf, 1917:222
NL brabantiLe Cerf, 1917:212
E brevicornus Aurivillius, 1905:43
NL butleri Druce, 1883:32
N,NL calabaza Duckworth and Eichlin, 1973b: 151
O callosoma Hampson, 1910b:92
E chalconota Hampson, 1910a: 149
congoana Le Cerf, 1916b:8
A chalybescens Miskin, 1892:59
proserpina Hampson, 1919:92
NL chimana Le Cerf, 1916b:9
E chrysobapta Hampson, 1919:86
O chrysogaster Walker, [ 1865]: 16
NL combusta (Le Cerf, 1916b:9), Neosphecia
O congruens Swinhoe, 1890:169
dorsatiformis Hampson, 1891:43
N,NL cucurbitae (Harris, 1828:33), Aegeria [revised status]
satyriniformis Hiibner, [ 1827?1831]: 17 [new syn-
onymy]
ceto (Westwood, 1848:62) Trochilium
amoena H. Edwards, 1882a:53
satyriformis [sic] Englehardt, 1946:183 [misspell-
ing]
NL cyaneifera Walker, 1856:67
cyanifera [sic] H. Edwards, 1883:157 [misspelling]
variety reducta Le Cerf, 1917:218
O dichroipus Hampson, 1919:90
O distincta Le Cerf, 1916b:8
NL dolens Druce, 1899:205
E ectothyris Hampson, 1919:94
O elaea Hampson, 1919:89
E endoxantha Hampson, 1919:85
O eurytion (Westwood, 1848:62), Trochilium
strigipennis Walker, [1865]: 17
aberration microfenestrata Strand, [1916]:45
O Jlaviventris Hampson, 1919:91
O formosana Matsumura, 1911:86
NL Junesta Le Cerf, 1917:164
P gephyra Amsel, 1935:277
O gigantea Moore, 1879a:413
humerosa Swinhoe, 1892:38
O g. tigripes Diakonoff, 1954:187
N,NL gloriosa H. Edwards, 1880:71
superba Barnes and Lindsey, 1922:122 [not Mel-
ittia superba Rothschild, 1909]
lindseyi Barnes and Benjamin, 1925:14 [replace-
ment name for Melittia superba Barnes and
Lindsey, 1922]
bamesi Dalla Torre, 1925:138 [replacement name
for Melittia superba Barnes and Lindsey, 1922]
N,NL grandis (Strecker, 1881:156), Trochilium
beckeri Druce, 1892:276
variety hermosa Engelhardt, 1946:186
E haematopis Fawcett, 1916:736
O hampsoni Beutenmiiller, 1894b:365 [replacement
name for Melittia grandis Hampson, 1893]
grandis Hampson, [1893a]:203 [not Trochilium
grandis Strecker, 1881]
NL herveiLe Cerf, 1917:166
E hyaloxantha Meyrick, 1928d:467
NL imperator Rothschild, 1911:45
O indica Butler, 1874:411
bombyliformis Walker, 1856:69 [not Sphinx bomby-
liformis Cramer, 1782]
sumatrana Le Cerf, 1916b:8
E iridisquama Mabille, 1890:34
viridisquama [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
149 [misspelling]
NUMBER 314 27
P japona Hampson, 1919:91
eurytion Bartel, 1912:379 [not Trochilium eurytion
Westwood, 1848]
NL josepha Le Cerf, 1916b:8
O khmerhe Cerf, 1917:161
chmer Hampson, 1919:93 [emendation]
O kulluana Moore, 1888:392
kuluana [sic] Bartel, 1912:379 [misspelling]
NL lagopus Boisduval, [1875]:475
E lamremis (Wallengren, 1858:84), Eumallopoda
laniremis (Wallengren, 1860:41), Eumallopoda [re-
description]
lamremis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:145
[misspelling]
NL latimargo Butler, 1874:410
E lentistriata Hampson, 1919:93
O leucogaster Hampson, 1919:90
NL louisa Le Cerf, 1916b:9
O madureae Le Cerf, 1916b: 7
N,NL magnified Beutenmiiller, [ 1900a]: 151
O marangana Le Cerf, 1916b:8
O moluccaensis Hampson, 1919:89
E natalensis Butler, 1874:411
aenescens Butler, 18%: 134
variety occidentalis Le Cerf, 1917:167
O nepcha Moore, 1879b: 10
nepeha [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:146
[misspelling]
O n. xanthodes Diakonoff, 1954:180
O newara Moore, 1879b: 10
NL nigra (Le Cerf, 1917:239), Melittina
O notabilis Swinhoe, 1890:168
NL oberthueri Le Cerf, 1916b:9
oberthiiri Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [incorrect spelling]
E oedipus Oberthvir, 1878:30
ignidiscata Hampson, 1910c:507
oedipoides Strand, [1913]:68
ignidiscata aberration thoracalis Strand, [1917c]: 11
oedippus [sic] Le Cerf, 1917:229 [misspelling]
NL pauper he Cerf, 1916b:9
O pellecta Swinhoe, 1890:169
O phorcus (Westwood, 1848:62), Trochilium
NL pomponia Le Cerf, 191 lc:297
NL powellihe Cerf, 1917:210
variety chrysescens Schade, 1939:230
O proximo Le Cerf, 1917:186
NL pulchripes Walker, 1856:67
NL p. dangeloi Kohler, 1941:10
d'angeloi Kohler, 1941:10 [incorrect spacing]
E pyropis Hampson, 1919:84
NL riograndensis Brethes, 1920:284
NL rufescens (Le Cerf, 1916b:9) Premelittia
E rufodorsa Hampson, 1910a: 150
NL rugia Druce, 1910b: 180
O rutilipes Walker, [ 1865]: 16
O sangaica Moore, 1877:84
NL scoliiformis Schade, 1938:471
O siamica Walker, [1865]: 18
NL smithi Druce, 1889:81
N,NL snowii H. Edwards, 1882a:53
O staudingeriboisduval, [1875]:478
indica Le Cerf, 1916b:8 [not Melittia indica Butler,
1874]
NL sulphureopyga Le Cerf, 1916b:8
NL superba Rothschild, 1909:132
O tabanus Le Cerf, 1916b:9
NL tayuyana Bruch, 1941:161
E tibialis (Drury, 1773:49, index page 1), Sphinx
NL umbrosa Zukowsky, 1936b: 1251
E ursipes Walker, 1856:68
hirtipes (Boisduval, [1875]:475), Poderis [unavail-
able by publication in synonymy]
E usambara Le Cerf, 1917:231
E victrix Le Cerf, 1916b:9
O volatilis Swinhoe, 1890:169
E xanthogaster Hampson, 1919:94
NL xanthopus Le Cerf, 1916b:9
Desmopoda Felder, 1874:4 [D. bombiformis Felder, 1874]
O bombiformis Felder, 1874:4
Sesia Fabricius, 1775:547 [[Sphinx] apiformis Clerck, 1759]
Trochilium Scopoli, 1777:414 [Sphinx apiformis
Linnaeus, 1761 (= [Sphinx] apiformis Clerck,
1759)]
Algeria Fabricius, 1807a:288 [[Sphinx] apiformis
Clerck, 1759]
Aegeria Fabricius, 1807b: 18 [[SpAinx] apiformis
Clerck, 1759; redescription]
Setia Oken, 1815:745 [rejected, ICZN, 1956]
Sphecia Hiibner, [1819]: 127 [Sphinx crabroniformis
Lewin, 1797 (= Sphinx bembeciformis Hiibner,
1803-06); not Sphinx crabroniformis Denis and
Schiffermiiller, 1775]
Setia Meigen, 1830:103 [emendation]
Sometia [sic] Meigen, 1830:115 [misspelling]
Trochilum [sic] Walker, 1854:3 [misspelling]
Trochilia Speyer & Speyer, 1858:327 [emenda-
tion; preoccupied, Dujardin, 1840 (Ciliata)]
SphecodopUra Hampson, [1893a]: 189 [Sphecia re-
panda Walker, 1856]
Glossosphecia Hampson, 1919:83 [Sphecia contami-
nata Butler, 1878]
Aegina [sic] Sherborn, 1922:6583 [misspelling]
Sphecoptera [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
121 [misspelling]
Eusphecia Le Cerf, 1937b: 106 [Sesia pimplaeformis
Oberthiir, 1872]
Aegenia [sic] Anon., 1966:81 [misspelling]
28 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
P agathiformis (Walker, 1856:34), Aegeria
P albanensis Rebel, 1918:86
H apiformis (Clerck, 1759: pi. 9: fig. 2), [Sphinx]
apiformis (Linnaeus, 1761:289), Sphinx
vespiformis (Hufnagel, 1766:184), Sphinx [not
Sphinx vespiformis Linnaeus, 1761]
crabroniformis ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], 1775:44),
Sphinx
sireciformis (Esper, 1782:208), Sphinx
tenebrioniformis (Esper, 1782:209), Sphinx
vespa (Retzius, 1783:33), Sphinx
aberration bnmnea (Caflisch, 1889:269), Trochilum
[sic]
aberration caflischii (Standfuss, 1892:369), Tro-
chilium
aberration caflischi [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand,
1925:131), Aegeria [misspelling]
aberration rhodani (Mouterde, 1954:24), Aegeria
P asamaensis (Hampson, 1919:81), Sphecia [new com-
bination]
asamaiensis [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
121), Sphecia [misspelling]
P bembeciformis (Hiibner, [1803-1806]: pi. 20: fig. 98),
Sphinx
crabroniformis (Lewin, 1797:2), Sphinx [not Sphinx
crabroniformis Denis and Schiflermuller, 1775]
crabroniformis aberration incognita (Strand, [1927]:
282), Aegeria
crabroniforme variety orophila (Zukowsky, 1929a:
20), Sphecia
form fumosa (Lempke, 1961:175), Sphecia
P contaminate (Butler, 1878:59), Sphecia
P corcyrensis Rebel, 1918:86
P dasypodiformis (Walker, 1856:12), Sphecia
P Jlavicollis (Hampson, [1893a]: 190), Sphecodoptera
P gloriosa (Le Cerf, 1914d:421), Aegeria [new combi-
nation]
mandarina (Le Cerf, 1916b: 13), Sphecia
P gravesi Rebel, 1927:60
O ignicollis (Hampson, [1893a]: 180), Trochilium [new
combination]
P melanocephala Dalman, 1816:217
laphriaeformis (Hiibner, [1824-1825]: pi. 35: fig.
156), Sphinx
P molybdoceps (Hampson, 1919:82), Aegeria
P montelli (Lofquist, 1922:82), Aegeria
P oberthturi (Le Cerf, 1914d:422), Aegeria
oberthiiri (Le Cerf, 1914d:422), Aegeria [incorrect
spelling]
P pimplaeformis Oberthiir, 1872:486
maculiferum (Staudinger, 1895a:290), Trochilium
P przewalskii (Alpheraky, 1882:18), Trochilium
O pugnax (Meyrick, 1926a:266), Trochilium
O repanda (Walker, 1856:11), Sphecia
P rhynchioides (Butler, 1881:589), Sphecia
P romanovi (Leech, 1889a:591), Sphecia
romanowi [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:173
[misspelling]
O sangaica (Zukowsky, 1932:316), Aegeria [new com-
bination]
P scribai (Bartel, 1912:379), Sphecia
P shugnana (Sheljuzhko, 1943:79), Sphecia [new com-
bination]
N tibialis (Harris, 1839:309), Trochilium
flavitibia (Walker, 1856:67), Melittia
pacificum (H. Edwards, 1881:180), Trochilium
califomicum (Neumoegen, 1891:108), Trochilium
minimum (Neumoegen, 1891:108), Trochilium
variety dyari (Cockerell, 1908:330), Aegeria
variety anonyma (Strand, 1925:124), Aegeria
variety melanoformis (Engelhardt, 1946:178), Ae-
geria
P timur (Grum-Grzhimailo, 1893:385), Trochilium
[new combination]
P yezoensis (Hampson, 1919:81), Aegeria
Toleria Walker, [1865]: 19 [T. abiaeformis Walker, 1865]
O abiaeformis Walker, [1865]:20
O sinensis (Walker, [1865]: 1), Sphecia
Calasesia Beutenmiiller, 1899b:256 [Pyrrhotaenia coccinea Beu-
tenmuller, 1898]
N coccinea (Beutenmiiller, 1898:241), Pyrrhotaenia
Callithia Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [C. oberthuert Le Cerf, 1916]
NL oberthueri Le Cerf, 1916b:9
oberthiiri Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [incorrect spelling]
Osminia Le Cerf, 1917:327 [O. ferrugirua Le Cerf, 1917]
Signaphora Engelhardt, 1946:131 [Carmenta ruficor-
nisH. Edwards, 1881]
NL ferrugirua Le Cerf, 1917:328
N,NL ruficomis (H. Edwards, 1881:184), Carmenta
minuta (H. Edwards, 1881:185), Carmenta
candescens (H. Edwards, 1882c: 123), Aegeria
marcia (Druce, 1889:81), Tarsopoda
Kemneriella Bryk, 1947:96 [K. malaiseorum Bryk, 1947]
O malaiseorum Bryk, 1947:%
Synanthedon Hiibner, [1819]: 129 [Sphinx oestriformis Rottem-
burg, 1775 (= Sphinx vespiformis Linnaeus,
1761)]
Conopia Hiibner, [1819]: 129 [Sphinx stomoxiformis
Hiibner, 1790]
Austrosetia Felder, 1874:2 [A. semirufa Felder,
1874]
Teinotarsina Felder, 1874:9 [Sesia longipes Felder,
1861]
Pyrrhotaenia Grote, 1875:174 [P. floridensis Grote,
1875 (= Aegeria sapygaeformis Walker, 1856)]
NUMBER 314 29
Ichnnunenoptera Hampson, [1893a]: 187 [/. auripes
Hampson, 1893]
Vespamima Beutenmiiller, 1894a:87 [Bembecia se-
quoiae H. Edwards, 1881]
Sanninoidea Beutenmiiller, 1896:126 [Aegeria exi-
tiosa Say, 1823]
Thamnosphecia Spuler, 1910:308 [Sphinx culicifor-
mis Linnaeus, 1758]
Canopia [sic] Wileman and South, 1918:169 [mis-
spelling]
Scabisa Matsumura, 193 la: 1017 [S. taikanensis
Matsumura, 1931]
Ramosia Engelhardt, 1946:22 [Sesia bibionipennis
Boisduval, 1869]
Sylvora Engelhardt, 1946:77 [Trochilium amm Cle-
mens, 1860]
Synathedon [sic] Wolfsberger, 1% 1:233 [misspell-
ing]
Tipuha Krah'cek and Povolny, 1977:82 [[Sphinx]
(Tipulia) tipuliformu Clerck, 1759]
N acerni (Clemens, 1860a: 14), Trochilium
acericolum (Germadius, 1874:57), Trochilium
tepperi (H. Edwards, 1881:203), Pyrrhotaenia
race buscki (Engelhardt, 1946:79), Sylvora
N acerrubn Engelhardt, 1925a:64
NL aequalis (Walker, [1865]:9), Aegeria
E aericincta (Meyrick, 1928d:466), Aegeria
NL aerosa Zukowsky, 1936b: 1236
P albanica (Rebel, 1910a:5), Sesia
NL albicalcarata (Burmeister, 1878:361), Sesia
N albicomis (H. Edwards, 1881:201), Aegeria
E alenica (Strand, [1913]: 70), Trochilium
N alleri (Engelhardt, 1946:124), Thamnosphecia
P andrenaeformis (Laspeyres, 1801:20), Sesia
anthraciniformis (Esper, 1800:29), Sphinx [nomen
oblitum; proposed suppression by Kristensen,
in press, a]
anthraciformis [sic] (Esper, 1800: pi. 44: fig. 1-2),
Sphinx [misspelling] -
andreniformis [sic] (Staudinger, 1861:17), Sesia
[misspelling]
andraeniformis [sic] (Barrett, 1895:85), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
monedulaeformis Vorbrodt, 1913:434
NL angarodes (Meyrick, 1921a:443), Sesia
angarides [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
109), Conopia [misspelling]
O anisozona (Meyrick, 1918b: 180), Sesia [new combi-
nation]
NL anomaliformis (Walker, 1856:47), Aegeria
NL apicalis (Walker, [ 1865]:8), Aegeria
N arctica (Beutenmiiller, 1900c:277), Sesia
N arizonensis (Beutenmiiller, 1916:372), Gaea
N arkansasensis Duckworth and Eichlin, 1973b: 154
NL asema Zukowsky, 1936b: 1219
P astragali (Joannis, 1909:183), Sesia
E astyarcha (Meyrick, 1930b:584), Aegeria
E aulograpta (Meyrick, 1934a: 455), Aegeria
O aurania (Druce, 1899:205), Ceratocorema
O aurifera (Hampson, 1919:73), Conopia [new combi-
nation]
O auripes (Hampson, [1893a]: 194), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination]
O auriplena (Walker, [1865]: 13), Aegeria [new combi-
nation]
subauratus Le Cerf, 1916b: 11
O auritincta (Wileman and South, 1918:169), Canopia
[sic] [new combination]
NL autremonti Le Cerf, 1917:312
NL basalis (Walker, [1865]:5), Aegeria
NL benoisti Le Cerf, 1917:299
E beutenmuelleri Heppner and Duckworth [new name
for Sesia albiventris Beutenmiiller, 1899]
albiventris (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 171), Sesia [not
Sesia albiventris Lederer, 1853]
N bibionipennis (Boisduval, 1869:64), Sesia
rutilans (H. Edwards, 1881:186), Albuna
lupini (H. Edwards, 1881:192), Aegeria
perplexa (H. Edwards, 1881:192), Aegeria
impropria (H. Edwards, 1881:193), Aegeria
aureola (H. Edwards, 1881:194), Aegeria
neglecta (H. Edwards, 1881:197), Aegeria
washingtonia (H. Edwards, 1881:197), Aegeria
hemizoniae (H. Edwards, 1881:198), Aegeria
madanae (H. Edwards, 1881:201), Aegeria
hemizonae [sic] Smith, 1891:20 [misspelling]
P bicingulata (Staudinger, 1887c: 165), Sesia
E bifenestrata G&ede, 1929:521
NL blaciformis (Walker, 1856:55), Aegeria
N bolteri (H. Edwards, 1883:155), Aegeria
NL bosqi Kohler, 1941:6
bosqui [sic] Anon., 1972:226 [misspelling]
N L buprestiformis (Walker, 1856:47), Aegeria
NL caeruleifascia (Rothschild, 1911:47), Ichneumenoptera
O caerulipes (Hampson, 1900:43), Ichneumenoptera [new
combination]
N canadensis Duckworth and Eichlin, 1973b: 157
N castaneae (Busck, 1913b: 102), Sesia
O catalina Meyrick, 1926a:267
NL catemaulti Strand, 1925:15
P cephiformis (Ochsenheimer, 1808:169), Sesia
laspeyres (Herrich-Schaffer, 1852:49), Sesia
Jumosa Schiitze, 1919:120
NL ceraca (Druce, 1893:280), Aegeria
N L cerceriformis (Walker, 1856:49), Aegeria
NL ceres (Druce, 1883:31), Aegeria
NL ceropaliformis (Walker, 1856:52), Aegena
30
O chalybea (Walker, 1862b:82), Algeria [new combi-
nation]
NL chea (Druce, 1899:203), Aegeria
E chlorothyris (Meyrick, 1935:557), Aegeria A
P chorogi Sheljuzhko, 1943:80 E
P chosensis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1013), Conopia [new E
combination] P
N chrysidipennis (Boisduval, 1869:64), Sesia P
tacoma (Beutenmuller, 1898:240), Sesia
race wallowa (Engelhardt, 1946:30), Ramosia NL
E chrysonympha (Meyrick, 1932b:336), Aegeria E
O chrysoptera (Hampson, 1919:82), Aegeria [new com- NL
bination] N
O cirrhozona Diakonoff, [ 1968]: 222
E citrura (Meyrick, 1927b:371), Aegeria
NL cladiiformis (Walker, 1856:51), Aegeria
O clavicomis (Walker, [1865]: 14), Aegeria [new combi- P
nation] NL
NL coccidivora Duckworth, 1969:487 NL
P codeti(Oberthiir, 1881:67), Sesia P
puigi (Oberthur, 1881:67), Sesia N
pingi [sic] (Staudinger and Rebel, 1901:402), Se- NL
sia [misspelling in synonymy]
inversa Le Cerf, 1916a: 16
kabylana Le Cerf, 1916a: 16
aberration atavus Le Cerf, 1920:542 P
variety maroccana Le Cerf, 1920:543 O
variety almohades Le Cerf, 1920:544 E
O concavifascia Le Cerf, 1916b: 12 E
P conopiformis (Esper, 1782: pi. 31: fig. 1-2), Sphinx E
conopiformis (Esper, 1783:213), Sphinx [text]
syrphiformis (Hiibner, 1796: pi. 8: fig. 50), Sphinx
nomadaeformis (Laspeyres, 1801:27), Sesia
aberration lucasi Le Cerf, 1922b: 19 N
NL coquimbensis Ureta, 1956:265
NL corporate (Meyrick, 1930a:260), Aegeria
P cretica (Rebel, 1916b: 143), Sesia
P croaticus Kranjcev, 1979:27
NL croesiformis (Walker, 1856:53), Aegeria
P cruentata (Mann, 1859:91), Sesia
aberration lugubris Ragusa, 1923:213
P cryptica (Kralicek and Povolny, 1977:85), Aegeria
[new combination]
NL cubana (Herrich-Schaffer, 1866:109), Sesia
H culiciformis (Linnaeus, 1758:493), Sphinx
culex (Retzius, 1783:33), Sphinx
thynniformis (Laspeyres, 1801:21), Sesia
variety americana (Beutenmuller, 1896:136), Sesia
aberration bianulata Bartel, 1902:317
aberration flavocingulata (Spuler, 1910:311), Tro-
chilium
aberration triannulata (Spuler, 1910:311), Trochil-
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
variety biamulata [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand,
1925:22 [misspelling]
aberration albocingulata Cockayne, 1955:3
cupreifascia (Miskin, 1892:58), Trochilium
cyanescens (Hampson, 1910c:505), Ichnewnenoptera
cyanospira (Meyrick 1928d:465), Aegeria
danieli Capuse, 1973:109
danubica (Kralicek, 1975:1), Aegeria [new combina-
tion]
dasyproctos (Zukowsky, 1936b: 1242), Conopia
dasysceles Bradley, 1968:51
deceptura (Butler, 1874:409), Aegeria
decipiens (H. Edwards, 1881:197), Aegeria
imperfecta (H. Edwards, 1881:198), Aegeria
nicotianae (H. Edwards, 1881:202), Aegeria
rubristigma (Kellicott, 1892b:211), Aegeria
deserta (Staudinger, 1887c: 166), Sesia
dimorpha Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
dinetiformis (Walker, 1856:48), Aegeria
dioctriaeformis (Meigen, 1830:122), Setia [sic]
dominicki Duckworth and Eichlin, 1973b: 158
drucei Heppner and Duckworth [new name for
Aegeria peruviana Druce, 1911]
peruviana (Druce, 1911:292), Aegeria [not Sannin-
oidea peruviana Rothschild, 1911]
duplex (Staudinger, 1889:21), Sesia
duporti Le Cerf, 1927:147
erythrogama (Meyrick, 1934a:455), Aegeria
erythromma Hampson, 1919:60
ethiopica (Hampson, 1919:68), Chamaesphecia [new
combination]
aethiopica (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:77),
Chamaesphecia [emendation]
exitiosa (Say, 1823:216), Aegeria
persica (Thomas, 1824:37), Apis
pepsidiformis (Hiibner, [1827-1831]:32), Paran-
threne
exitissa [sic] (Kirby, 1871:367), Aegeria [misspell-
ing]
xiphiaeformis (Boisduval, [1875]:409), Sesia
graefi (H. Edwards, 1881:183), Sciapteron
opalescens (H. Edwards, 1881:199), Aegeria
variety fitchii (H. Edwards, 1882a:55), Aegeria
pacifica (Riley, 1891b:393), Stamina
variety luminosa (Neumoegen, 1894:331), Sannina
variety edwardsii (Beutenmuller, [1900b]: 160),
Sanninoidea
graefii [sic] (Beutenmuller, 1900d:254), Sannin-
oidea [misspelling]
graefii [sic] variety bamesii (Beutenmuller, 1900d:
254), Sanninoidea
graefi variety bamesii (Beutenmuller, 1901:272),
Sanninoidea [redescription]
NUMBER 314 31
persicae [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:113),
Conopia [misspelling]
aberration filchi [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand,
1925:113), Conopia [misspelling]
E exochiformis (Walker, 1856:58), Aegeria
NL fasciculipes (Walker, [ 1865]: 5), Aegeria
N fatifera Hodges, 1962:139
P /CTY/WIWI Rungs, 1972:671
O /lava (Moore, 1879b:8), Aegeria [new combina-
tion ]
O Jlavicaudata (Moore, 1887:559), Aegeria [new com-
bination]
O flavicincta (Hampson, [1893a]: 195), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination ]
E flavipalpis (Hampson, 1910c:505), Lepidopoda
O flavipalpus (Hampson, [ 1893a]: 195), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination]
flavipalpis [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
118), Ichneumenoptera [misspelling]
E Jlavipectus (Hampson, 1910a: 155), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination]
P flaviventris (Staudinger, 1883:177), Sesia
aberration fitlva H. Turner, 1928:165
NL flavostigma Zukowsky, 1936b: 1233
NL flavostrigata Le Cerf, 1917:298
P formicaeformis (Esper, 1783:216), Sphinx
tenthrediniformis (Esper, 1782: pi. 30: fig. 3), Sphinx
[not Sphinx tenthrediniformis Denis and Schiffer-
miiller, 1775]
tentrediniformis [sic] (Esper, 1782:211 [text]),
Sphinx [misspelling]
flammens (Haworth, 1803:6), Sphinx
nomadaeformis (Hiibner, [1803-1806]: pi. 19: fig.
90), Sphinx [not Sesia nomadaeformis Laspeyres,
1801]
flammens [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:193
[index, misspelling]
form duplex Schnaider, 1942:111
aberration uniformis (Marquardt, 1959:196), Sesia
N Julvipes (Harris, 1839:312), Aegeria
NL Julvopyga (Le Cerf, 191 lc:301), Sesia
E gabuna (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 170), Sesia
P gaderensis (Kralicek & Povolny, 1977:83), Aegeria
[new combination]
N,NL geliformis (Walker, 1856:46), Aegeria
NL germaini Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
NL glyptaeformis (Walker, 1856:51), Aegeria
E gracilis (Hampson, 1910a: 155), Ichneumenoptera [new
combination]
N L guatemalena (Druce, 1883:31), Aegeria
guatemalana [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
28 [misspelling]
NL g. melini Bryk, 1953:262
E guineabia (Strand, [1913]:68), Aegeria
NL guyanensis Le Cerf, 1917:301
variety clara Le Cerf, 1917:303
E hadassa (Meyrick, 1932b:336), Aegeria
NL hades (Druce, 1889:78), Aegeria
NL haematica Ureta, 1956:266
NL haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1775:549), Sesia [new sta-
tus]
NL halmyris (Druce, 1889:79), Aegeria
E hampsoni Heppner and Duckworth [new name for
Lepidopoda auripes Hampson, 1910]
auripes (Hampson, 1910a: 152), Lepidopoda [not
Ichneumenoptera auripes Hampson, 1893]
NL harti (Druce, 1899:204), Aegeria
P hector (Butler, 1878:60), Aegeria
NL heinrichiSchade, 1938:471
NL hela (Druce, 1889:79), Aegeria
NL helena (Druce, 1889:80), Aegeria
N helenis (Engelhardt, 1946:50), Carmenta
NL ACTmgym/w Zukowsky, 1936b: 1226
NL hermione (Druce, 1889:79), Aegeria
NL hippolyte (Druce, 1889:80), Aegeria
NL hispides (Druce, 1889:80), Aegeria
O howqua (Moore, 1877:83), Aegeria [new combina-
tion]
houqua [sic] (Hampson, 1919:75), Conopia [mis-
spelling]
O hypochalcia Hampson, 1919:60
O ignicauda (Hampson, 1919:74), Conopia
O ignifera (Hampson, [1893a]: 195), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination]
NL infuscata (Le Cerf, 191 lc:300), Sesia
O insidiosa (Le Cerf, 191 lb:93), Sesia
E irisLe Cerf, 1916b: 12
NL ischniformis (Walker, 1856:53), Aegeria
O javana Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
N kathyae Duckworth & Eichlin, 1977a: 193
NL laeta (Walker, 1856:59), Aegeria
NL laticincta (Burmeister, 1878:361), Sesia
O laticivora (Meyrick, 192 7b: 3 72), Aegeria [new com-
bination]
NL laticraspedontis Zukowsky, 1936b: 1220
NL lecerfi Heppner and Duckworth [new name for
Synanthedon flavipectus Le Cerf, 1916]
Jlavipectus Le Cerf, 1916b: 12 [not Ichneumenoptera
flavipectus Hampson, 1910]
NL lemoulti Le Cerf, 1917:316
le moulti Le Cerf, 1917:316 [incorrect spacing]
E leptomorpha (Meyrick, 193la:50), Aegeria
E leptosceles Bradley, 1968:47
O leucocyanea Zukowsky, 1929b: 36
E leucogaster (Hampson, 1919:76), Conopia
albiventris (Le Cerf, 1917:318), Ichneumenoptera
[not Sesia albiventris Beutenmiiller, 1899]
32 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O longipes (Felder, 1861:26), Sesia [new combination] E
P loranthi (Kralicek, 1966:231), Aegeria E
P luctuosa (Lederer, 1853:82), Sesia O
NL macropyga (Le Cerf, 191 lc:299), Sesia
E maculwentris Le Cerf, 1916b: 12 O
NL mardia (Druce, 1892:275), Aegeria
NL martenhZukowsky, 1936b: 1224 NL
P ffwr{/fl/KWj Sheljuzhko, 1918:104 O
O melli (Zukowsky, 1929b: 34), Aegeria
N mellinipennis (Boisduval, 1836: pi. 14: fig. 12), Sesia
artemisiae (H. Edwards, 1881:187), Albuna
seneciodes (H. Edwards, 1881:198), Aegeria NL
senecioides [sic] (Smith, 1891:20), Sesia [misspell- NL
ing] E
E mercatrix (Meyrick, 193la:50), Aegeria
P mesiaeformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:74), Sesia
masariformis (Meigen, 1830:120), Setia [sic] [not NL
Sesia masariformis Ochsenheimer, 1808] E
mesiiformis [sic] (Staudinger, 1856:200), Sesia O
[misspelling]
E mesochoriformis (Walker, 1856:56), Aegeria O
P mimus Le Cerf, 1922b: 17
NL modesta (Butler, 1874:408), Aegeria NL
E monogama (Meyrick, 1932b:337), Aegeria O
E monozona (Hampson, 1910a: 156), Aegeria
O moorei Heppner and Duckworth [new name for N
Aegeria tricincta Moore, 1879]
tricincta (Moore, 1879b:8), Aegeria [not Aegeria N
tricincta Harris, 1839] P
P moupinicola Strand, 1925:30 P
O mushana (Matsumura, 1931a: 1013), Conopia [new NL
combination]
NL mydaides Ureta, 1956:263
P myopiformis (Borkhausen, 1789:169), Sphinx NL
zonatus (Donovan, 1797:35, pi. 195), Sphinx [not E
Sphinx zonata Drury, 1770] NL
mutillaeformis (Laspeyres, 1801:26), Sesia P
myopaeformis [sic] Hiibner, [1819]: 129), Conopia
[misspelling]
elegans (Lederer, 1861:150), Sesia
variety graeca (Staudinger, 1870:92), Sciapteron N,NL
NL myrmosaepennis (Walker, 1856:46), Aegeria
NL nannion Bryk, 1953:263
O nautica (Meyrick, 1932b:229), Aegeria
NL neotropica Heppner and Duckworth [new name for
Aegeria flava H. Edwards, 1881]
flava (H. Edwards, 1881:189), Aegeria [not Aegeria
flava Moore, 1879]
P mgrifrons (Le Cerf, 191 ld:244), Sesia
N novaroensis (H. Edwards, 1881:199), Aegeria
piceae (Dyar, 1904:106), Parharmonia
brunneri (Busck, 1914a: 143), Sesia
E nuba (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 172), Sesia
nyanga (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 171), Sesia
olenda (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 171), Sesia
ommatiaeformis (Moore, 1891:16), Sphecia [new com-
bination]
opalizans (Hampson, 1919:74), Conopia [new com-
bination]
opiiformis (Walker, 1856:51), Aegeria
orientalis Heppner and Duckworth [new name for
Sesia unicincta Hampson, 1893]
unicincta (Hampson, [ 1893a]: 1%), Sesia [not Sesia
unicincta Herrich-Schaffer, 1851]
panisciformis (Walker, 1856:55), Aegeria
panurgiformis (Walker, 1856:54), Aegeria
pauper (Le Cerf, 1916b: 13), Syiphidia
paupera [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:115),
Conopia [misspelling]
peltastiformis (Walker, 1856:52), Aegeria
peltata (Meyrick, 1932b:230), Aegeria
pensilis (Swinhoe, 1892:36), Aegeria [new combina-
tion]
pentazona (Meyrick, 1918b: 180), Sesia (new combi-
nation]
peruviana (Rothschild, 1911:47), Sanninoidea [new
phasiaeformis (Felder, 1861:26), Aegeria [new com-
bination]
pictipes (Grote and Robinson, 1868:182), Aegeria
inusitata (H. Edwards, 1881:201), Aegeria
pint (Kellicott, 1881:5), Aegeria
pipiziformis (Lederer, 1855:195), Aegeria
pistarcha (Meyrick, 193la:50), Aegeria
pittheis (Druce, 1899:203), Aegeria
pitheis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:35
[misspelling]
plagiophleps Zukowsky, 1936b: 1222
platyuriformis (Walker, 1856:57), Aegeria
plectisciformis (Walker, 1856:49), Aegeria
polaris Staudinger, 1877:175
aurivillii (Lampa, 1883:127), Sesia
aurivilii [sic] (Fibiger and Kristensen, 1974:55),
Sesia [misspelling in synonymy]
polygoni (H. Edwards, 1881:202), Pyrrhotaenia
fragariae (H. Edwards, 1881:202), Pyrrhotaenia
helianthi (H. Edwards, 1881:203), Pyrrhotaenia
achillae (H. Edwards, 1881:203), Pyrrhotaenia
eremocarpi (H. Edwards, 1881:203), Pyrrhotaenia
meadii (H. Edwards, 1881:204), Pyrrhotaenia
orthocarpi (H. Edwards, 1881:204), Pyrrhotaenia
praestans (H. Edwards, 1882b:98), Aegeria
behrensii (H. Edwards, 1882c: 123), Pyrrhotaenia
animosa (H. Edwards, 1883:156), Pyrrhotaenia
elda (H. Edwards, 1885:49), Pyrrhotaenia
fragariae variety semipraestans (Cockerell, 1908:
329), Sesia
NUMBER 314 33
achillaeat [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:9
[misspelling] NL
behrensi [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:14 P
[misspelling]
NL porizoniformis (Walker, 1856:54), Aegeria NL
NL producta (Walker, [1865]:4), Aegeria N
NL proserpina (Druce, 1883:31), Aegeria
N proximo (H. Edwards, 1881:201), Aegeria
modesta (Kellicott, 1892a:46), Albuna [not Aegeria
modesta Butler, 1874]
NL pulchripennis (Walker, [1865]:6), Aegeria P
E pyrethra (Hampson, 1910a: 154), Sciapteron
N pyri (Harris, 1830:2), Aegeria
koebelei (H. Edwards, 1881:1%), Aegeria
O pyrodisca (Hampson, 1910b:94), Aegeria NL
O pyrosema Hampson, 1919:61 NL
NL pyrosoma (Meyrick, 1918b: 180), Sesia
E pyrostoma (Meyrick, 1927b:372), Aegeria
P quercus (Matsumura, 1911:86), Sesia E
niphonica Bartel, 1912:388 NL
chibensis (Matsumura, 1931 a: 1013), Conopia NL
galloisi (Matsumura, 1931 a: 1013), Conopia N
nihonica [sic] (Matsumura, 1931a: 1014), Conopia
[misspelling]
N refidgens (H. Edwards, 1881:199), Aegeria P
marica (Beutenmiiller, 1899b:254), Sesia E
seminole (Beutenmiiller, 1899b: 255), Sesia N
marcia [sic] (Dyar, [1903]:370), Sesia [misspelling] O
N resplendens (H. Edwards, 1881:186), Albuna P
E rhodia (Druce, 1899:203), Aegeria P
N rhododendri (Beutenmiiller, 1909:82), Sesia
O rhodothictis (Meyrick, 1918b: 179), Sesia
NL rhyssaeformis (Walker, 1856:50), Aegeria
rhypaeformis [sic] (Walker, 1856:270 [index]), Ae-
geria [misspelling]
N richardsi (Engelhardt, 1946:87), Conopia
N nleyana (H. Edwards, 1881:187), Albuna
brunneipennis (H. Edwards, 1881:191), Aegeria
hyperici (H. Edwards, 1881:195), Aegeria
austini (Engelhardt, 1946:57), Carmenta O
NL romani Bryk, 1953:262 P
E rubripalpis (Meyrick, 1932b:337), Aegeria E
O rubripes (Pagenstecher, 1900:22), Sesia P
E rubripicta Hampson, 1919:61
N rubrofascia (H. Edwards, 1881:191), Aegeria
rubofascia [sic] (Duckworth & Eichlin, 1973a: 26),
Aegeria [misspelling]
NL rufa (Butler, 1883:58), Aegeria
P rufibasalis (Bartel, 1906a: 190), Sesia O
NL ruficaudis (Walker, [1865]:6), Aegeria
NL santanna (Kaye, 1924:427), Aegeria NL
N sapygaeformis (Walker, 1856:45), Aegeria NL
Jloridensis (Grote, 1875:174), Pyrrhotaenia
N saxifragae (H. Edwards, 1881:190), Aegeria
henshawii (H. Edwards, 1882a:56), Aegeria
scarabitis (Meyrick, 1921a:444), Sesia
schwarzi (Kralicek and Povolny, 1977:91), Aegeria
[new combination]
sciophilaeformis (Walker, 1856:49), Aegeria
scitula (Harris, 1839:313), Aegeria
gallivorum (Westwood, 1854:757), Trochilium
hospes (Walsh, 1867:270), Trochilium
corusca (H. Edwards, 1881:193), Aegeria
aemula (H. Edwards, 1883:155), Aegeria
scoliaeformis (Borkhausen, 1789:173), Sphinx
scoliiformis [sic] (Speyer and Speyer, 1858:329),
Sesia
emphytiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:75), Sesia
scylhropa Zukowsky, 1936b: 1232
sellustiformis (Druce, 1883:30), Aegeria
sallustiformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
41 [misspelling]
semirufa (Felder, 1874:2), Austrosetia
semitrista Zukowsky, 1936b: 1236
senta (Druce, 1883:30), Aegeria
sequoiae (H. Edwards, 1881:181), Bembecia
superba (H. Edwards, 1881:181), Bembecia
pinorum (Behrens, 1889:163), Aegeria
serica (Alpheraky, 1882:21), Sesia
setodiformis (Mabille, 1891:174), Sesia
sigmoidea (Beutenmiiller, 1897:214), Sesia
simois (Druce, 1899:201), Aegeria [new combination]
sodalis Piingeler, 1912:383
spheciformis ([Denis and Schiffermiiller], 1775:306),
Sphinx
sphegiformis (Fabricius, 1787:99), Sphinx
ichneumoniformis (Borkhausen, 1789:43), Sphinx
[not Sphinx ichneumoniformis Denis & Schifier-
muller, 1775]
oxibeliformis (Boisduval, 1840:42), Sesia [nomen
nudum]
sphaeciformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
46 [misspelling]
sphenodes Diakonoff, [1968]:223
spuleri (Fuchs, 1908:33), Sesia
stenothyris (Meyrick, 1933b:416), Aegeria
stomoxiformis (Hiibner, 1790:93), Sphinx
culiciformis (Scopoli, 1763:188), Sphinx [not Sphinx
culiciformis Linnaeus, 1758]
stomoxyformis [sic] (Schrank, 1801:234), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
variety amasina (Staudinger, 1856:209), Sesia
subtillima (Bryk, 1947:108), Conopia [new combina-
tion]
surinamensis (Moschler, 1878:631), Sesia
tabogana (Druce, 1883:31), Aegeria
tobogana [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:55
[misspelling]
34 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O taikanensis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1017), Scabisa
P talischensis (Bartel, 1906b: 169), Sesia
P Unuis (Butler, 1878:60), Algeria
O tmuiventris Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
NL tetranoma (Mcyrick, I932b:337), Aegeria
O theobroma (Bradley, 1957:67), Conopia [new combi-
nation]
NL theobromae (Busck, 1910:242), Sesia
P theryihe Cerf, 1916a: 16
NL tineosphecia Zukowsky, 1936b: 1232
C tipuliformis (Clerck, 1759: pi. 9: fig. 1), [Sphinx]
salmachus (Linnaeus, 1758:493), Sphinx [noraen
oblitum; proposed suppression by Kristensen,
in press, b]
tipula (Retzius, 1783:33), Sphinx
myopaeformis aberration bicingulata (Rebel, 1910c:
466), Sesia [not Sesia bicingulata Staudinger,
1887]
E trithyris (Meyrick, 1926a:266), Aegeria
NL tryphoniformis (Walker, 1856:48), Aegeria
NL tucumana (Le Cerf, 191 lc:300), Sesia
P typhiaeformis (Borkhausen, 1789:174), Sphinx
typhiiformis [sic] (Speyer and Speyer, 1858:332),
Sesia [misspelling]
tiphiaeformis Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:49
[emendation]
P unocingulata Bartel, 1912:383
P uralensis (Bartel, 1906b: 169), Sesia
O uranauges (Meyrick, 1926a: 266), Aegeria [new com-
bination]
E vassei (Le Cerf, 1917:337), Aegeria
P velox (Fixsen, 1887:323), Sesia
NL ventralis (Druce, 1911:292), Aegeria
O versicolor Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
P vespiformis (Linnaeus, 1761:289), Sphinx
asiliformis (Rottemburg, 1775:108), Sphinx
oestriformis (Rottemburg, 1775:109), Sphinx
cynipiformis (Esper, 1783:214), Sphinx
sesia (Gmelin, 1789:2389), Sphinx
chrysorrhoea (Donovan, 1795:21), Sphinx
melliniformis (Laspeyres, 1801:19), Sesia
aberration rufimarginata (Spuler, 1910:310), Tro-
chilium
tabaniformis form sangaica (Bartel, 1912:380), Par-
anthreru
aberration polycincta Le Cerf, 1922b: 19
form quadriamullata Schnaider, 1942:110
form quadriaimullata-rufimarginata Schnaider,
1942:110
vespirmis [sic] Kranjcev, 1979:27 [misspelling]
N vibumi Engelhardt, I925a:65
NL votaria (Meyrick, 1921a:444), Sesia
volaria [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:117),
Conopia [misspelling]
NL wagneri (Le Cerf, 1911 c: 298), Sesia
NL whitelyi (Druce, 1899:204), Aegeria
NL xanthomelanina Zukowsky, 1936b: 1241
NL xanthoneura Zukowsky, 1936b: 1220
NL xanthonympha (Meyrick, 1921a:443), Sesia
E xanthopyga (Aurivillius, 1905:45), Sesia
O xanthosoma Hampson, [1893a]: 195), Ichneumenoptera
[new combination]
xanthosome [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
202) [index], Ichneumenoptera [misspelling]
O xanthosticta (Hampson, [1893a]: 197), Sesia [new
combination]
O xanthozonata (Hampson, 1895:282), Sciapteron
Chamaesphecia Spuler, 1910:311 [Sphinx empiformis Esper, 1783
(= Sphinx tenthrediniformis Denis and Schiffer-
muller, 1775)]
P adelpha Le Cerf, 1938:98
P aerifrons (Zeller, 1847b:415), Sesia
variety sardoa (Staudinger, 1856:281), Sesia
meriiformis [sic] (Rambur, [1866]: 152), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
P aestivata Kralicek, 1969:115
P qffinis (Staudinger, 1856:278), Sesia
leucospidiformis [sic] (Lederer, 1853:84), Sesia [mis-
spelling for Sphinx leucopsiformis Esper, 1800;
misdetermination]
P albiventris (Lederer, 1853:82), Sesia
P almana (Rebel, 1917:275), Sesia
P alysoniformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:73), Sesia
trivittata (Zeller, 1847a: 13), Sesia
alyoniformis [sic] (Failla-Tedaldi, 1890:29), Sesia
[misspelling]
P anatolica Schwingenschuss, 1938:175
P amellata (Zeller, 1847b:415), Sesia
masariformis variety oxybeliformis (Herrich-Schaf-
fer, 1846:69), Sesia
asellana [sic] (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
ortalidiformis (Lederer, 1853:68), Sesia [nomen nu-
dum]
ceriaeformis (Lederer, 1853:85), Sesia [not Sesia
ceriaeformis Lucas, 1849]
anellata [sic] (Lederer, 1853:86), Sesia [misspell-
ing]
muscinaeformis (Walker, 1856:33), Aegeria
variety ceriiformis [sic] (Staudinger, 1861:18), Se-
sia [misspelling]
minorata (Staudinger, 1894:253), Sesia
form ledereri Bartel, 1912:404
clermonti Le Cerf, 1914a:62
ortaliformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
197 [index; misspelling]
P anthracias Le Cerf, 1937b:84
P anthraciformis (Rambur, 1832:266), Sesia
NUMBER 314 35
allantiformis (Newman, 1832b:79), Trochilium P
monedulaefomis (Boisduval, 1840:43), Sesia [no- P
men nudum]
agriliformis (Walker, 1856:16), Aegeria
joppiformis (Staudinger, 1856:325), Sesia P
P anthrax Le Cerf, 1916a: 15
P armeniaca (Bartel, 1906b: 170), Sesia P
P atlantis Schwingenschuss, 1935:106
NL atramentaria Zukowsky, 1950:22
NL aurata (H. Edwards, 1881:190), Aegeria
P aurifera (Romanoff, 1885:116), Sesia
P azonos (Lederer, 1855:194), Sesia
P balcanica Zukowsky, I929a:21
P bibioni/ormis (Esper, 1800:30), Sphinx
philanthiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:69), Sesia
[not Sesia philanthiformis Laspeyres, 1801]
P boisduvali Bartel, 1912:404 [replacement name for
Sesia mysiniformis Boisduval, 1840]
mysiniformis (Boisduval, 1840:42), Sesia [nomen
nudum; not Sesia mysiniformis Rambur, 1866]
P borreyxCerf, 1922a: 133
NL borsaniiKohler, 1953:21
P brandti Le Cerf, 1937b:82
NL breyeri Kohler, 1941:7
P chalciformis (Esper, [1803-1804]:44), Sphinx
chalddiformis (Hiibner, [1803-1806]: pi. 19: fig.
93), Sphinx [new synonymy]
prosopiformis (Ochsenheimer, 1808:146), Sesia
[new synonymy]
halictiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:78), Sesia
[new synonymy]
crabroniformis variety caucasica (Kolenati, 1846:
91), Sesia [new synonymy]
expleta (Staudinger, 1878:310), Sesia [new syn-
onymy]
chalddiformis aberration albotarsata (Staudinger
and Rebel, 1901:406), Sesia [new synonymy]
P chrysoneura Piingeler, 1912:399
melanophleps Zukowsky, 1935:40 [new synonymy]
P cirgisa Bartel, 1912:408
E clathrata Le Cerf, 1917:291
P colpifomis (Staudinger, 1856:267), Sesia
P consobrina Le Cerf, 1938:94
P Corsica (Staudinger, 1856:274), Sesia
philanthiformis (Rambur, 1833:53), Sesia [not Sesia
philanthiformis Laspeyres, 1801]
meriaeformis (Boisduval, 1840:42), Sesia [nomen
nudum]
venatensis (Joannis, 1908:758), Sesia
P crassicomis Bartel, 1912:409 P
P cryptiformis (Walker, 1856:59), Aegeria [new combi- P
nation]
O cyanopasta (Hampson, 1910b:93), Aegeria
P deltaica Popescu-Gorj and Capuse, 1965:341 P
djakonovi Popescu-Gorj and Capuse, 1966:862
doleriformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:69), Sesia
dolerilinea [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:88
[misspelling]
doryceraeformis (Lederer, 1853:87), Sesia
sefid Le Cerf, 1938:95 [new synonymy]
doryliformis (Ochsenheimer, 1808:141), Sesia
euceraeformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:79), Sesia
[not Sesia euceraeformis Ochsenheimer, 1816]
icteropus (Zeller, 1847b:403), Sesia [not Sesia icter-
opus Herrich-Schaffer, 1846]
schmidtii (Zeller, 1847b:408), Sesia
euglossaeformis (Lucas, 1849:368), Sesia
ceriaeformis (Lucas, 1849:369), Sesia
braconiformis (Ghiliani, 1852:216), Sesia [not Sesia
braconiformis Herrich-Schaffer, 1846]
miniacea (Oberthiir, 1876:31), Sesia [not Sesia min-
iacea Lederer, 1853]
terioUnsis (Staudinger, 1894:251), Sesia
erythrostigma (Staudinger and Rebel, 1901:405),
Sesia [unavailable by publication in synon-
ymy]
variety teroliensis [sic] (Staudinger and Rebel,
1901:405), Sesia [misspelling]
unicolor (Ragusa, 1904:114), Sesia
ceriaeformis aberration xanthia (Le Cerf, 1911a:
17), Sesia
variety chimena (Le Cerf, 1916a: 13), Pyropteron
variety bellieri (Le Cerf, 1916a: 13), Pyropteron
variety tingitana (Le Cerf, 1916a: 13), Pyropteron
form intermedia (Le Cerf, 1916a: 13), Pyropteron
form funebris (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
form melanina (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
form subceriaeformis (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
aberration xanthia (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
[redescription]
form tristis (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
form fatma (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
form auresiana (Le Cerf, 1916a: 14), Pyropteron
variety andalusica (Le Cerf, 1920:414), Pyropteron
variety chretieni (Le Cerf, 1920:425), Pyropteron
aberration flavina (Le Cerf, 1920:431), Pyropteron
variety maghrebica (Le Cerf, 1920:440), Pyropteron
doriliformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:88
[misspelling]
doryliformis euglossaeformis form androchroma (Le
Cerf, 1934:11), Pyropteron
inexpectata (Le Cerf, 1938:93), Pyropteron [new syn-
onymy]
dumonti Le Cerf, 1922b:35
elampiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:78), Sesia
mandana (Le Cerf, 1938:92), Pyropteron [new syn-
onymy]
empinaeformis (Walker, 1856:33), Aegeria
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
P erodiiphaga Dumont, 1922:215
P euceraeformis (Ochscnheimer, 1816:171), Sesia
stelidiformis (Freyer, 1836:141), Sesia [new synon- P
ymy]
icteropus (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:68), Sesia [new P
synonymy] P
uniancta (Herrich-Schafier, 1851: pi. 10: fig. 57), P
Sesia [new synonymy]
herrichii (Staudinger, 1856:264), Sesia [new syn-
onymy]
stelidiformis form amygdaloidis Schleppnik, 1933:
24 [new synonymy]
P fenusaeformis (Lederer, 1853:84), Sesia
leucopsiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:73), Sesia
[not Sphinx leucopsiformis Esper, 1800]
P /?gana<f Sheljuzhko, 1924:184
fergana [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:94 P
[misspelling] P
P festai Turati, 1925:5 P
P foeniformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:78), Sesia
phoeniformis (Failla-Tedaldi, 1883:250), Sesia
[emendation]
phaeniformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
94 [misspelling]
P fredi Le Cerf, 1938:99
P guriensis (Emich von Emoke, 1872a:63), Sesia
guriensis (Emich von Emoke, 1872b:41), Sesia
[redescription]
P haberhaueri (Staudinger, 1879:308), Sesia
P infernalis Sheljuzhko, 1935:64
P iranicaLe Cerf, 1937c: 173 NL
P kautzi Relsser, 1930:104 P
P koshanUchikovi Pungeler, 1914:54 P
P lahayei (Oberthiir, 1888:28), Sesia P
oryssiformis (Staudinger and Rebel, 1901:405),
Sesia [not Sesia oryssiformis Herrich-Schaffer,
1846] P
P lanipes (Lederer, 1863:20), Sesia P
P lecerfi (Oberthiir, 1909:186), Sesia P
le cerfi (Oberthiir, 1909:186), Sesia [incorrect P
spacing] P
E lemur Le Cerf, 1957:99 P
P leucocnemis he Cerf, 1938:100 P
P leucomelaena (Zeller, 1847b:410), Sesia P
therevaeformis (Lederer, 1853:83), Sesia P
P leucoparea (Lederer, 1871:13), Sesia
P leucopsiformis (Esper, 1800:25), Sphinx
alysaeformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [una-
vailable by publication in synonymy]
foenusaeformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [un-
available by publication in synonymy]
leucospidiformis [sic] (Staudinger, 1854:57), Sesia P
[misspelling; not Sesia leucospidiformis [sic] Led- P
erer, 1853] NL
leucophiformis [sic] (Walker, 1856:32), Sphinx [mis-
spelling in synonymy]
loewii (Zeller, 1847a: 14), Sesia
variety minor (Staudinger, 1856:214), Sesia
mannii (Lederer, 1853:88), Sesia
margiana Pungeler, 1912:400
masariformis (Ochsenheimer, 1808:173), Sesia
culiaformis (Sulzer, 1776:152), Sphinx [not Sphinx
culiciformis Linnaeus, 1758]
banchiformis (Hiibner, [1808-1813]: pi. 27: fig.
126), Sphinx
allantiformis (Eversmann, 1844:104), Sesia [not
Trochilium allantiformis Newman, 1832]
odyneriformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:63), Sesia
pompiliformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [un-
available by publication in synonymy]
maurusia Pungeler, 1912:412
micro Le Cerf, 1916a: 15
minianiformis (Freyer, 1845:35), Sesia
chrysidiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:77), Sesia
pepsiformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [una-
vailable by publication in synonymy]
eumeniformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [una-
vailable by publication in synonymy]
miniacea (Lederer, 1853:89), Sesia
miniacea variety pepsiformis (Lederer, 1853:90),
Sesia
destituta (Staudinger, 1894:253), Sesia
nigrobarbata Rebel, 1916b: 144
aberration friesei Niculescu, 1960:4
minima Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
mirza Le Cerf, 1938:97
modica Le Cerf, 1938:95
monspeliensis (Staudinger, 1856:223), Sesia
tengyraeformis (Boisduval, 1840:42), Sesia [nomen
nudum]
montandoni Le Cerf, 1922b:37
moreaui (Le Cerf, 191 le:334), Sesia
morosa Le Cerf, 1937c: 175
mutilata (Staudinger, 1887a:67), Sesia
myrsinites Pinker, 1954:182
mysiniformis (Rambur, [1866]: 151), Sesia
obraztsoviSheljuzhko, 1943:81
oryssiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:79), Sesia
osmiaeformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1848:pl. 9: fig. 52),
Sesia
stelidiformis (Zeller, 1947b:406), Sesia [not Sesia
stelidiformis Freyer, 1836]
zelleri (Lederer, 1853:69), Sesia
floricola (Oberthiir, 1881:67), Sesia
agnes (Oberthiir, 1890:26), Sesia
palustns Kautz, 1927:1
pechi (Staudinger, 1887b:30), Sesia
penthetria Zukowsky, 1936b: 1240
NUMBER 314 37
P philanthiformis (Laspeyres, 1801:31), Sesia
muscaeformis (Vieweg, 1789:18), Sphinx [not Sphinx
muscaeformis Esper, 1783; new synonymy]
occidentalis (Joannis, 1908:758), Sesia [new syn-
onymy]
NL />/uto Zukowsky, 1936b: 1240
P powelli Le Cerf, 1920:507
P proximata (Staudinger, 1891:244), Sesia
variety fallax (Staudinger, 1891:245), Sesia
P pudonna (Staudinger, 1881:3%), Sesia
P pygmaea (Rebel, 1899:360), Pyropteron [new combi-
nation]
P ramburi (Staudinger, 1866:53), Sesia
P regula (Staudinger, 1891:246), Sesia
P rondouana Le Cerf, 1922b: 32
rondonana [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:104
[misspelling]
P schmidtiiformis (Freyer, 1836:140), Sesia
prosopiformis (Herrich-SchafTer, 1846:78), Sesia
[not Sesia prosopiformis Ochsenheimer, 1808]
rubriformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [una-
vailable by publication in synonymy]
schmidtellaeformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia
[unavailable by publication in synonymy]
schmidtii (Lederer, 1853:69), Sesia [not Sesia
schmidtii Zeller, 1847]
P seitzi (Pungeler, 1905b: 129), Sesia
suprema (Oberthiir, 1907b:331), Sesia
lomsae (Le Cerf, 1915:54), Dipsosphecia
phoenix (Le Cerf, 1925:210), Pyropteron
louisae form pallipes (Le Cerf, 1925:211), Pyropteron
lomsae form aicha (Le Cerf, 1925:211), Pyropteron
major (Rothschild, 1925b:336), Pyropteron
P sevenan' Lipthay, 1961:213
aberration schmidti Lipthay, 1961:217
E seyrigi Le Cerf, 1957:98
P staudingen (Failla-Tedaldi, 1890:28), Sesia
P taediiformis (Freyer, 1836:142), Sesia
astatiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:70), Sesia
[new synonymy]
thyreiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:72), Sesia
[new synonymy]
P tenthrediniformis ([Denis and Schiffermiiller], 1775:
30), Sphinx
empiformis (Esper, 1783:215), Sphinx
bombyaformis (Geoffrey, 1785:252), Sphinx
muscaeformis (Borkhausen, 1789:35)., Sphinx [not
Sphinx muscaeformis Esper, 1783]
variety schizoceriformis (Kolenati, 1846:92), Sesia
schiroceriformis [sic] (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia
[misspelling]
empiformis variety hungarica (Tomala, 1901:47),
Sesia
empiformis variety hungarica (Tomala, 1902:13),
Sesia [redescription]
empiformis aberration flavoabdominalis Popescu-
Gorj, 1955:1100 [new synonymy]
P thomyris Le Cerf, 1938:101
O tritonias Hampson, 1919:68
P turbida Le Cerf, 1936b:84
P umbrifera (Staudinger, 1870:%), Sesia
P xantho Le Cerf, 1937b:87
P zimmermanni (Lederer, 1871:16), Sesia
Ceritrypetes Bradley, 1956:203 [C. idiotropha Bradley, 1956]
E idiotropha Bradley, 1856:203
Weismanniola Naumann, 1971:31 [Sesia agdistiformis Staudin-
ger, 1866; replacement name for Weismannia
Spuler, 1910]
Weismannia Spuler, 1910:317 [Sesia agdistiformis
Staudinger, 1866; preoccupied, Tutt, 1904
(Sphingidae) ]
Veismannia [sic ] Hampson, 1919:51 [mispelling]
P agdistiformis (Staudinger, 1866:54), Sesia
Palmia Beutenmiiller, 1896:123 [Sciapteron praecedens H. Ed-
wards, 1883]
N praecedens (H. Edwards, 1883:155), Sciapteron
Podosesia Moschler, 1879:246 [Grotea longipes Moschler, 1876
(= Aegeria syringae Harris, 1839); replacement
name for Grotea Moschler, 1876]
Grotea Moschler, 1876:312 [G. longipes Moschler,
1876; preoccupied, Cresson, 1864 (Hymenop-
tera)]
N aureocincta Purrington and Nielsen, 1977:906
E surodes Hampson, 1919:63
N syringae (Harris, 1839:311), Aegeria
longipes (Moschler, 1876:313), Grotea
denudatum (Osborn, 1881; 108), Aegeria [not Tro-
chilium denudatum Harris, 1839]
fraxini (Lugger, 1891:109), Trochilium
Sannina Walker, 1856:63 [S. uroceriformis Walker, 1856]
Saunina [sic] Boisduval, [1875]:465 [misspelling]
Sospita H. Edwards, 1882a:57 [Aegeria quinquecau-
data Ridings, 1862 (= Sannina uroceriformis
Walker, 1856); preoccupied, Rafinesque, 1815
(Ctenophora)]
Phemonoe H. Edwards, 1882b:97 [Aegeria quinque-
caudata Ridings, 1862; replacement name for
Sospita H. Edwards, 1882]
N uroceriformis Walker, 1856:64
quinquecaudata (Ridings, 1862:277), Aegeria
uroceripennis Boisduval, [1875]:465, Saunina [sic]
Scalangnathia Capuse, 1973:112 [S. kaszabiCapuse, 1973]
P kaszabi Capuse, 1973:114
Diakonoffia Niculescu, 1969:33 [Synanthedon chrysostetha Dia-
konoff, 1968]
O chrysostetha (Diakonoff, [ 1968]: 221), Synanthedon
Carmenta H. Edwards, 1881:184 [ Aegeriapyralidiformis Walker,
1856]
38 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
N,NL alboctliata (Engelhardt, 1925c:215), Synanthedon
N anthracipenms (Boisduval, [1875]:392), Sesia
sanborni H. Edwards, 1881:185
morula (H. Edwards, 1881:196), Aegeria
N apache Engelhardt, 1946:54
N anzonae (Beutenmiiller, 1898:240), Sesia
N,NL armasata (Druce, 1892:275), Aegeria [new combina-
tion]
N auritincta (Engelhardt, 1925c:216), Synanthedon
N bassiformis (Walker, 1856:39), Aegeria
lustrans (Grote, 1880:213), Trochilium
aureopurpura (H. Edwards, 1880:72), Aegeria
bolli (H. Edwards, 1881:191), Aegeria
sexfasciata (H. Edwards, 1881:193), Aegeria
constmilis (H. Edwards, 1881:194), Aegeria
eupatorii (H. Edwards, 1881:195), Aegeria
imitata (H. Edwards, 1881:196), Aegeria
aureopurpurea [sic] (Smith, 1891:20), Sesia [mis-
spelling]
bollii [sic] (Smith, 1891:20), Sesia [misspelling]
A chrysophanes (Meyrick, 1886b:689), Sesia
panyasis (Druce, 1899:201), Aegeria
caieta (Druce, 1899:202), Aegeria
melanocera (Hampson, 1919:71), Conopia
A commoni Duckworth and Eichlin, 1974:31
N corni (H. Edwards, 1881:190), Aegeria
infirma (H. Edwards, 1881:195), Aegeria
N engelhardti Duckworth and Eichlin, 1973b: 158
N,NL giliae (H. Edwards, 1881:200), Aegeria
vitrina (Neumoegen, 1891:109), Albuna
deceptiva (Beutenmiiller, 1894a:93), Aegeria
race woodgatei Engelhardt, 1946:61
N ithacae (Beutenmiiller, 1897:215), Sesia
N mariona (Beutenmiiller, 1900d:254), Sesia
mariona (Beutenmiiller, 1901:308), Sesia [rede-
scription]
N,NL mimuli (H. Edwards, 1881:200), Aegeria
torrancia Engelhardt, 1946:56
N odda Duckworth and Eichlin, 1977a: 195
N ogalala Engelhardt, 1946:73
N,NL pallene (Druce, 1889:80), Aegeria [new combination]
N phoradendriEngelhardt, 1946:51
N,NL prosopis (H. Edwards, 1882b:99), Aegeria
N pyralidiformis (Walker, 1856:44), Aegeria
nigella (Hulst, 1881:75), Sesia
variety awrantis Engelhardt, 1946:47
N querci (H. Edwards, 1882b:98), Aegeria
quercis [sic] (H. Edwards, 1888:224), Aegeria [mis-
spelling]
comes (Heinrich, 1920:79), Podosesia
quercus [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:38),
Synanthedon [misspelling; not Sesia quercus Mat-
sumura, 1911]
N,NL rubricincta (Beutenmiiller, 1909:84), Sesia
N subaerea (H. Edwards, 1883:156), Pyrrhotaenia
N suffusata Engelhardt, 1946:74
N tecta (H. Edwards, 1882a: 56), Aegeria
N texana (H. Edwards, 1881:204), Pyrrhotaenia
wittfeldii (H. Edwards, 1883:156), Pyrrhotaenia
N verecunda (H. Edwards, 1881:190), Aegeria
nigra Beutenmiiller, 1894a:95
florissantella (Cockerell, 1908:330), Sesia
jlorisantella [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
24), Synanthedon [misspelling]
hirsuta (Engelhardt, 1946:172), Euhagena
N welchelorum Duckworth and Eichlin, 1977b: 175
N,NL wellerae Duckworth and Eichlin, 1976:304
A xanthogyna (Hampson, 1919:54), Lepidopoda
Penstemonia Engelhardt, 1946:14 [Aegeria edwardsii Beuten-
muller, 1894]
N clarkeiEngelhardt, 1946:18
N dammersiEngelhardt, 1946:19
brevifolia Engelhardt, 1946:21
N edwardsii (Beutenmiiller, 1894a:92), Aegeria
utahensis (Beutenmiiller, 1909:83), Sesia
N henneiEngelhardt, 1946:16
Alcathoe H. Edwards, 1882a:53 [Aegeria caudate Harris,
1839]
Acalthoe [sic] Riley and Howard, 1891:219 [mis-
spelling]
Alcothoe [sic] Patch, 1908:358 [misspelling]
NL a/tera Zukowsky, 1937:1258
N carolinensis Engelhardt, 1925b: 156
autumnalis Engelhardt, 1946:105
N caudata (Harris, 1839:311), Aegeria
cordata [sic] Riley and Howard, 1891:220, Acalthoe
[sic] [misspelling]
aberration walkeri Neumoegen, 1894:331
race annettella Engelhardt, 1946:103
NL korites (Druce, 1884:34), Sannina
NL leucopyga Bryk, 1953:264
NL melini Bryk, 1953:266
N pepsioides Engelhardt, 1925b: 157
variety atra Engelhardt, 1925b: 158
race ferrugata Engelhardt, 1946:105
N,NL verrugo (Druce, 1884:34), Sannina
variety corvinus Engelhardt, 1946:107
Hymenoclea Engelhardt, 1946:98 [Sesia paimii Beutenmiiller,
1902]
N,NL paimii^(Beutenmiiller, 1902:126), Sesia
palmi [sic] (Barnes and McDunnough, 1918:178),
Gaea [misspelling]
Bembecia Hiibner, [1819]: 128 [Sphinx ichneumoniformis Denis
and Schiflermiiller, 1775 ( = Sphinx scopigera
Scopoli, 1763)
NUMBER 314 39
Pyropteron Newman, 1832b:75 [Sphinx chrysidifor-
TOwEspcr, 1782]
Pyropterum Agassiz, 1846:319 [emendation]
Dipsosphecia Piingeler, 1910:316 [Sphinx ichneu-
moniformis Denis and Schiffermiiller, 1775
(= Sphinx scopigera Scopoli, 1763)
Diplosphecia [sic] Le Cerf, 1920:269 [misspelling]
Dipsisphecia [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
67 [misspelling]
Disposphecia [sic] Wolfsberger, 1961:233 [mis-
spelling]
P alaica (Piingeler, 1912:395), Dipsosphecia
P auricaudata (Bartel, 1912:393), Dipsosphecia
P balkis (Le Cerf, 1937a:42), Pyropteron [new combi-
nation]
P barbara (Bartel, 1912:390), Dipsosphecia
P bestianaeli Capuse, 1973:121
P biedermanni Le Cerf, 1925:210), Pyropteron [new com-
bination]
P bohatschi (Pungeler, [ 1905a]: 268), Sesia
P ceiformis (Staudinger, 1881:395), Sesia
P chrysidiformis (Esper, 1782:210), Sphinx
haemorrhoidalis (Cyrillo, 1787: pi. 4: fig. 3), Sphinx
polistiformis (Boisduval, 1840:41), Sesia [nomen
nudum]
cerceriformis (Heydenreich, 1851:20), Sesia [una-
vailable by publication in synonymy]
chalcocnemis (Staudinger, 1856:323), Sesia
variety turanica (Erschoff, 1874:26), Sesia
aberration gallica (Bartel, 1902:293), Sesia
form nigripes (Le Cerf, 1909:118), Sesia
form obturata (Le Cerf, 1909:118), Sesia
variety joannisi (Le Cerf, 1909:118), Sesia
form infitsca (Le Cerf, 1909:119), Sesia
variety sicula (Le Cerf, 1922b:27), Pyropteron
aberration melanoxanthia (Le Cerf, 1922b:28), Py-
ropteron
variety castiliana (Le Cerf, 1922b:29), Pyropteron
aberration margaritosa (Le Cerf, 1922b:30), Py-
ropteron
variety chlorotica (Le Cerf, 1922b:30), Pyropteron
aberration anthracias (Le Cerf, 1922b:31), Pyrop-
teron
aberration melanoxantha [sic] (Dalla Torre and
Strand, 1925:76), Pyropteron [misspelling]
formfervens (Bytinski-Salz, [1937]: 198), Pyropteron
aberration lecerfi (Schawerda, 1938:584), Cha-
maesphecia
NL chrysomelaena (Le Cerf, 1916b: 11), Pyropteron
P dancaudani Capuse, 1973:119
NL deipyla (Druce, 1883:30), Aegeria
P dioctriiformis (Romanoff, 1884:74), Sesia
dioctriformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
192 [index; misspelling]
P dispar (Staudinger, 1891:243), Sciapteron
variety oberthiiri (Le Cerf, 1916a: 12), Dipsosphecia
[incorrect spelling]
variety dumonti (Le Cerf, 1920:371), Dipsosphecia
deniba (Le Cerf, 1934:11), Dipsosphecia [new syn-
onymy]
P Jlavida (Oberthiir, 1890:24), Sesia
sirphiformis (Staudinger and Rebel, 1901:403),
Sesia [not Sesia sirphiformis Lucas, 1849]
O fortis Diakonoff, [ 1968]: 234
P gruneri(Staudinger, 1856:197), Sciapteron
griineri [sic] form norma (Le Cerf, 1914d:423),
Dipsosphecia
P hamumanniCapuse, 1973:115
P himmighoffeni (Staudinger, 1866:51), Sesia
P hymenopteriformis (Bellier, 1860:681), Sesia
variety algeriensis (Le Cerf, 191 la: 15), Sesia
aberration ducellieri (Le Cerf, 191 la: 15), Sesia
algirica [sic] (LeCerf, 1920:269), Diplosphecia [sic]
[misspelling]
aberration Julvusororcula (Zukowsky, 1936a:534),
Dipsosphecia
variety luticomis (Mariani, 1937:8), Dipsosphecia
P I/J Capuse, 1973:124
P jakuta (Herz, 1904:19), Sesia
P kalavrytana (Sheljuzhko, 1924:183), Dipsosphecia
[new combination]
P lasicera (Hampson, 1906:495), Trochilium
P lomatiaeformis (Lederer, 1853:89), Sesia
P megillaeformis (Hiibner, [1808-1813]: pi. 24: fig. 14),
Sphinx
variety tunetana (Le Cerf, 1920:305), Dipsosphecia
P montis (Leech, 1889a:592), Sesia
P muscaeformis (Esper, 1783:217), Sphinx [not Sphinx
muscaeformis Vieweg, 1789]
P ninae (Sheljuzhko, 1935:53), Dipsosphecia [new com-
bination]
P palariformis (Lederer, 1858:141), Sesia
variety rubrescens (Staudinger, 1887b:29), Dipso-
sphecia
nazir (Le Cerf, 1938:103), Dipsosphecia [new syn-
onymy]
nazir form rubefacta (Le Cerf, 1938:103), Dipso-
sphecia
P parthica (Lederer, 1870:27), Sesia
P polyzona (Pungeler, 1912:394), Dipsosphecia
P powelli (Le Cerf, 1925:211), Dipsosphecia [new com-
bination]
P romanovi (Bartel, 1912:392), Dipsosphecia
P rondoui (Siepi, 1909:117), Sesia
P roseiventris (Bartel, 1912:393), Dipsosphecia
P rothschildi (Bartel, 1912:393), Dipsosphecia
P sareptana (Bartel, 1912:395), Dipsosphecia
40 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
P schwtngenschussi (Le Cerf, 1937c: 172), Dipsosphecia
[new combination]
P scopigera (Scopoli, 1763:188), Sphinx
ichneumoniformis ([Denis and SchifTermiiller],
1775:44), Sphinx
vespiformis (Hiibner, 1796: pi. 6: fig. 39-40),
Sphinx [not Sphinx vespiformis Linnaeus, 1761]
systrophaeformis (Hiibner, [1808-1813]: pi. 24: fig.
113), Sphinx
ophioniformis (Hiibner, [1808-1813]: pi. 27: fig.
127), Sphinx
palpina (Dalman, 1816:129), Sesia
rhagioniformis (Hiibner, [1819]: 129), Sphinx
statuiformis (Freyer, 1836:142), Sesia
ichneumoniformis aberration lugubris (Staudinger,
1871:40), Sesia
ichneumoniformis variety illustris (Rebel, 1901a:
403), Sesia
ichneumoniformis variety apyra (Le Cerf, 1937b:89),
Dipsosphecia
P senilis (Grum-Grzhimailo, 1890:515), Sesia
P sirphiformis (Lucas, 1849:367), Sesia
syrphiformis [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
67), Dipsosphecia [misspelling; not Sphinx syr-
phiformis Hiibner, 17%]
P splendida (Staudinger, 1891:242), Sciapteron
P stiziformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1851: pi. 10: fig. 58),
Sesia
stiziforme variety melasomon (Staudinger, 1871:39),
Sciapteron
form astyages (Le Cerf, 1938:92), Dipsosphecia
P strandi (Kozhanchikov, 1936:26), Dipsosphecia [new
combination]
P tancrei (Pii ngeler, [ 1905a]: 269), Sesia
NL teleta (Le Cerf, 1916b: 11), Dipsosphecia
P tenebrosa (Piingeler, 1914:53), Dipsosphecia [new
combination
P tengyraeformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1851: pi. 10: fig.
59), Sesia
sanguinolenta (Lederer, 1853:81), Sesia
form miranda (Le Cerf, 1914d:423), Dipsosphecia
P triannuliformis (Freyer, 1845:35), Sesia
meriaeformis (Assmann, 1845:47), Sesia
braconiformis (Herrich-Schaffer, 1846:68), Sesia
philanthiformis (Lederer, 1853:87), Sesia [not Sesia
philanthiformis Laspeyres, 1801]
P tristis (Staudinger, 1895b:349), Sesia
P tshimgana (Sheljuzhko, 1935:53), Dipsosphecia [new
combination]
P turcmena (Bartel, 1912:3%), Dipsosphecia
P uroceriformis (Treitschke, 1834:121), Sesia
crabroniformis (Fabricius, 1793:383), Sesia [not
Sphinx crabroniformis Denis and SchifTermiiller,
1775]
mamertina (Zeller, 1847b:4O4), Sesia
odyneriformis (Ghiliani, 1852:216), Sesia [not Sesia
odyneriformis Herrich-Schaffer, 1846]
variety athaliaeformis (Boisduval, [1875]:411), Se-
sia [unavailable by publication in synonymy]
variety armoricana (Oberthiir, [1907a]: 1), Sesia
variety allantica (Le Cerf, 1920:271), Dipsosphecia
variety nigricomis (Mariani, 1937:8), Dipsosphecia
P vidua (Staudinger, 1889:22), Sesia
P viguraea (Piingeler, 1912:394), Dipsosphecia
P vulcanica (Pinker, [1%9]:75), Dipsosphecia [new com-
bination
P wagneri (Piingeler, 1912:395), Dipsosphecia
Euryphrissa Butler, 1874:409 [Aegeria plumipes Walker, 1865]
NL plumipes (Walker, [ 1865]:8), Aegeria
NL syngenica Zukowsky, 1936b: 1246
Aegerina Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 {Aegeria ovima Druce, 18%]
NL allotrwchora Zukowsky, 1936b: 1245
NL alomyaeformis Zukowsky, 1936b: 1245
NL mesostenos Zukowsky, 1936b: 1245
NL ovima (Druce, 1896:324), Aegeria
NL vignae Busck, 1929:134
Lepidopoda Hampson, 1900:44 [L. heterogyna Hampson, 1900]
O andrepiclera Hampson, 1910b:94
andrepictera [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:5
[misspelling]
andrepictura Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:5
[emendation]
O heterogyna Hampson, 1900:44
NL homotropha Meyrick, 1921a:443
NL infera Meyrick, 1921 a: 442
O lulescens Diakonoff, [1968]:224
E pictipes Hampson, 1919:54
E sylphina Hampson, 1919:55
E sylvestralis Viette, [1955]:90
O tenuimarginata (Hampson, [1893a]: 193), Sciapteron
E xanthopimplaeformis Viette, [ 1955]: 89
Leptaegeria Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 [L. flavocastanea Le Cerf, 1916]
NL axiomnemoneuta Zukowsky, 1936b: 1242
NL cillutincariensis Zukowsky, 1936b: 1243
NL costalimaiKohler, 1953:21
NL flavocastanea Le Cerf, 1916b: 11
NL schreiteri Kohler, 1941:8
Chamanthedon Le Cerf, 1916b: 12 [C. hypochroma hit Cerf, 1916]
O albicincta Hampson, 1919:65
E amorpha Hampson, 1919:67
NL aurantiibasis (Rothschild, 1911:46), Aegeria
E brillians (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 172), Sesia
E chalypsa Hampson, 1919:67
E chrysopasta Hampson, 1919:65
P coreacola Matsumura, 1931a: 1012
E critheis (Druce, 1899:202), Aegeria
NUMBER 314 41
E elymais (Druce, 1899:202), Aegeria
O flavipts (Hampson, 1893b:60), Aegeria
E Julvipes (Hampson, 1910c:506), Lepidopoda
NL gaudens (Rothschild, 1911:46), Aegeria
E heliostoma Meyrick, 1926a:267
E hilariformis (Walker, 1856:57), Aegeria
O hypochroma Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
E leucocera Hampson, 1919:66
E leucopleura Hampson, 1919:67
O melanoptera Le Cerf, 1927:149
E ochracea (Walker, [1865]: 10), Aegeria
O quinquecincta (Hampson, [1893a]: 196), Sesia
E striata Gaede, 1929:523
E tapeina Hampson, 1919:67
E tiresa (Druce, 1899:202), Aegeria
E tropica (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 172), Sesia
E xanthopasta Hampson, 1919:66
O xanthopleura Le Cerf, 1916b: 12
Chimaerosphecia Strand, [1916]:46 [C. aegerideS Strand, 1916]
O aegerides Strand, [1916]:46
O colochelyna Bryk, 1947:98
Conopsia Strand, [1913]:71 [C. termini/lava Strand, 1913]
E termini/lava Strand, [ 1913]: 71
terminiphora [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:4
[misspelling]
Crinipus Hampson, 1896:277 [C. leucozonipus Hampson, 1896]
E,O leucozonipus Hampson, 1896:277
Mimocrypta Naumann, 1971:21 [Cryptomima hampsoni Butler,
1902: replacement name for Cryptomima But-
ler, 1902]
Cryptomima Butler, 1902:50 [C. hampsoni Butler,
1902: preoccupied, Meyrick, 1883 (Pyralidae)]
E hampsoni (Butler, 1902:50), Cryptomima
Parasesia Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 [P. cristallina Le Cerf, 1916]
NL cristallina Le Cerf, 1916b: 11
Rhipidurina Naumann, 1971:25 [Rhipidura aurora F. Philippi,
1859; replacement name for Rhipidura F. Phi-
lippi, 1859]
Rhipidura F. Philippi, 1859:1096 [R. aurora F.
Philippi, 1859; preoccupied, Vigors and Hors-
field, 1826 (Aves)]
Rhipidura R. Philippi, 1860:274 [R. aurora R.
Philippi, 1860 (= R. aurora F. Philippi, 1859);
redescription]
NL aurora (F. Philippi, 1859:1096), Rhipidura
aurora (R. Philippi, 1860:275), Rhipidura [rede-
scription]
Stenosphecia Le Cerf, 1917:285 [S. columbica Le Cerf, 1917]
NL columbica Le Cerf, 1917:286
Pseudalcathoe Le Cerf, 1916b: 14 [P. chatanayi Le Cerf, 1916]
Pseudalcathoe Le Cerf, 1916b: 14 [incorrect spell-
ing]
E aspetura Meyrick, 1932b:229
NL chatanayi Le Cerf, 1916b: 14, Pseudalcathoe [sic]
Tarsopoda Butler, 1874:410 [T. remipes Butler, 1874]
NL remipes Butler, 1874:410
lanipes [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:135
[misspelling]
Teleosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b: 11 [ T. bibio Le Cerf, 1916]
NL bibio Le Cerf, 1916b: 11
NL unicolor (Walker, [1865]:9), Aegeria
Callisphecia Le Cerf, 1916b: 13 [C. oberthueri Le Cerf, 1916]
E bicincta Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
E oberthueri Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
oberthuri Le Cerf, 1916b: 13 [incorrect spelling]
E puera Viette, 1957:92
Tipulamima Holland, 1893:183 [T. flavifrons Holland, 1893]
Macrotarsipodes Le Cerf, 1916b: 13 [M tricinctus Le
Cerf, 1916; new synonymy]
Tipulomima [sic] Meyrick, 1931a:49 [misspelling]
E aristura Meyrick, 1931a:49, Tipulomima [sic]
E auronitens (Le Cerf, 1913b:212), Sesia [new combi-
nation]
E festiva (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 170), Sesia
E Jlammipes (Hampson, 1910a: 153), Macrotarsipus
E flavifrons Holland, 1893:183
E grandidieri (Le Cerf, 1917:341), Macrotarsipodes
E haugi (Le Cerf, 1917:343), Macrotarsipodes
P hypocalla Le Cerf, 1937d:409
E ivondro Viette, [1955]:88
E malimba (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 172), Sesia
E nigriceps Hampson, 1919:57
E opalimargo Le Cerf (1913a: 167), Sesia
E pyrosoma Hampson, 1919:56
E sexualis (Hampson, 1910a: 152), Macrotarsipus
variety waterloti (Le Cerf, 1917:341), Macrotarsi-
podes
E seyrigi Viette, [1955]:88
E sophax (Druce, 1899:203), Aegeria
E tricincta (Le Cerf, 1916b: 13), Macrotarsipodes
Episannina Aurivillius, 1905:44 [K chalybea Aurivillius, i905]
Sylphidia (Le Cerf, 191 lc:305 [S. perlucida Le Cerf,
1911]
E albifrons (Hampson, 1910a: 151), Lepidopoda
E chalybea Aurivillius, 1905:45
pulchra (Le Cerf, 1916b: 13), Sylphidia
E flavicincta Hampson, 1919:55
E modesta (Le Cerf, 1916b: 13), Sylphidia
E perlucida (Le Cerf, 191 lc:306), Sylphidia
E zygaenura Meyrick, 1933b:416
Camaegena Strand, 1914:48 [C. auripicta Strand, 1914]
E auripicta Strand, 1914:48
Aegerosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b: 13 [A. calliptera Le Cerf, 1916]
42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O calliptera Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
O cyanea Hampson, 1919:80
O fasciata (Walker, 1862b:83), Melittia
O fulviventris Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
O mysolica (Walker, [ 1865]: 18), Melittia
Aenigmina Le Cerf, 1912b:291 [A. aenea Le Cerf, 1912]
E aenea Le Cerf, 1912b: 291
variety latimargo Le Cerf, 1912b:292
Lophoceps Hampson, 1919:69 [L. abdominalis Hampson, 1919]
E abdominalis Hampson, 1919:69
E alenicola (Strand, [1913]:67), Algeria
O cyaniris Hampson, 1919:70
E quinquepuncta Hampson, 1919:70
quinquepunctata [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand,
1925:108 [misspelling]
O tetrazona Hampson, 1919:70
Pseudomelittia Le Cerf, 1917:240 [P. berlandi Le Cerf, 1917]
E andraenipennis (Walker, 1856:69), Melittia
andraeniformis [sic] (Boisduval, [1875]:470), Mel-
ittia [misspelling]
E berlandi Le Cerf, 1917:241
E cingulata Gaede, 1929:533
Dasysphecia Hampson, 1919:79 [Sphecia bombyliformis Roths-
child, 1911]
O bombyliformis (Rothschild, 1911:45), Sphecia
bombiformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
172 [misspelling]
Tradescanticola Hampson, 1919:64 [Sesia uniformis Snellen,
1900]
O uniformis (Snellen, 1900:34), Sesia
Hypanthedon Hampson, 1919:62 [Aegeria marisa Druce, 1899]
E marisa (Druce, 1899:205), Aegeria
marisca [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:59
[misspelling]
Hypomelittia Hampson, 1919:16 [H. hyaloptera Hampson,
1919]
O hyaloptera Hampson, 1919:96
Epitarsipus Le Cerf, 1922b:23 [E. ruftthorax Le Cerf, 1922]
E rufithorax Le Cerf, 1922b;23
Amphithales Meyrick, 1926a:268 \A. episcopopa Meyrick, 1926]
O episcopopa Meyrick, 1926a:268
Malgassesia Le Cerf, 1922b:20 [M. rufescens Le Cerf, 1922]
E ankaratralis Viette, 1957:91
E pauliani Viette, [ 1955] :92
E rufescens Le Cerf, 1922b:21
E seyrigiViette, [1955]:91
Oligophlebia Hampson, 1893b:61 [0. nigralba Hampson, 1893]
O amalleuta Meyrick, 1910b:219
O cristata Le Cerf, 1916b: 11
O nigralba Hampson, 1893b:61
O subapicalis Hampson, 1919:52
Metasphecia Le Cerf, 1917:335 [M. vuilleti Le Cerf, 1917]
E vuilleti Le Cerf, 1917:335
Micrecia Hampson, 1919:113 [M. methyalina Hampson, 1919]
O methyalina Hampson, 1919:113
Microsynanthedon Viette, [1955]:94 [M ambrensis Viette, 1955]
E ambrensis Viette, [1955]:94
Monopetalotaxis Wallengren, 1858:135 [M. wahlbergi Wallen-
gren, 1858 (= Aegeria doleriformis Walker,
1856)]
Trochilina Felder, 1874:9 [T. candescens Felder,
1874; preoccupied, Gray, 1867 (Mollusca)]
Felderiola N a u m a n n , 1971:17 [Trochilina candes-
cens Felder, 1874; replacement name for Tro-
chilina Felder, 1874; new synonymy]
E candescens (Felder, 1874:9), Trochilina
E chalaphora Hampson, 1919:59
E doleriformis (Walker, 1856:56), Aegeria
wahlbergiWallengren, 1858:135
wahlbergiWallengren, 1860:41 [redescription]
taylon (Druce, 1899:204), Aegeria
E pyrocraspis (Hampson, 1910a: 153), Sciapteron
O sinensis Hampson, 1919:59
Vespanthedon Le Cerf, 1917:329 [ V. cerceris Le Cerf, 1917]
E cerceris Le Cerf, 1917:330
Genera Unassigned to Subfamily
Adixoa Hampson, [1893a]: 198 [Aegeria altema Walker, 1865]
O altema (Walker, [1865]: 10), Aegeria
O sororLe Cerf, 1916b: 10
O tomentosa Schultze, 1908:28
Adixoana Strand, [1913]:69 [A. auripyga Strand, 1913]
E auripyga Strand, [1913]:69
Agriomelissa Meyrick, 193la:51 [A. gypsospora Meyrick, 1931]
E gypsospora Meyrick, 193la:51
Alonina Walker, 1856:62 [A. rygchiiformis Walker, 1856]
Cicinnoscelis Holland, 1893:182 [C. longipes Hol-
land, 1893]
Cicinoscelis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
120 [misspelling]
E difformis Hampson, 1919:78
E longipes (Holland, 1893:183), Cicinnoscelis
E rygchiiformis Walker, 1856:63
rygchiformis [sic] Boisduval, [1875]:465 [misspell-
ing]
rhynchiiformis Hampson, 1919:78 [emendation]
rhynchiformis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
120 [misspelling]
Anaudia Wallengren, 1863:138 [A. felderi Wallengren, 1863]
NUMBER 314 43
Anaudia Wallengren, 1865:9 [A. felderi Wallen-
gren, 1865; redescription]
E felderi Wallengren, 1863:138
felderi Wallengren, 1865:9 [redescription]
Aschistophleps Hampson, [ 1893a]:200 [A. lampropoda Hamp-
son, 1893]
O lampropoda Hampson, [1893a]:200
O metachryseis Hampson, 1895:282
metachrysis [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:4
[misspelling]
O ruficrista (Rothschild, 1912:122), Aegeria
Augangela Meyrick, 1932b:338 [A. xanthomias Meyrick, 1932]
O xanthomias Meyrick, 1932b: 338
Caudicomia Bryk, 1947:104 [C. xanthipimpla Bryk, 1947]
O xanthopimpla Bryk, 1947:105
Conopyga Felder, 1861:27 [C. metallescens Felder, 1861]
O metallescens Felder, 1861:27
Echidgnathia Hampson, 1919:97 [Tinthia vitrifasciata Hamp-
son, 1910]
E vitrifasciata (Hampson, 1910a: 150), Tinthia
vitrifascia [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:151
[misspelling]
Ecrectica Walker, [1865]:20 [E. fasciata Walker, 1865]
NL fasciata Walker, [ 1865]: 21
Erismatica Meyrick, 1933b:415 [E. erythropis Meyrick, 1933]
E erythropis Meyrick, 1933b:415
Grypopalpia Hampson, 1919:52 [G. iridescens Hampson, 1919]
E iridescens Hampson, 1919:53
Gymnosophistis Meyrick, 1934a:454 [G. thyrsodoxa Meyrick,
1934]
E thyrsodoxa Meyrick, 1934a:454
Heterosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b:9 [H. myticus Le Cerf, 1916]
O cruentata (Swinhoe, 1896:359), Adixoa
O haematochrodes (Le Cerf, 1912a:54), Aschistophleps
O melissoides (Hampson, [1893a]:201), Aschistophleps
O myticus Le Cerf, 1916b:9
Homogyna Le Cerf, 191 lc:3O3 [H. alluaudi Le Cerf, 1911]
Pyranthrene Hampson, 1919:110 [P. flammans
Hampson, 1919]
E albicincta Hampson, 1919:112
E alluaudi Le Cerf, 1911 c: 303
E endopyra (Hampson, 1910a: 151), Tinthia
E flammans (Hampson, 1919:110), Pyranthrene
E ignivittata Hampson, 1919:110
E pyrophora Hampson, 1919:111
E sanguicosta Hampson, 1919:111
E spadicicorpus Prout, 1919:190
E xanthophora (Hampson, 1910a: 150), Tinthia
Hovaesia Le Cerf, 1957:99 [Sesia donckieri Le Cerf, 1912]
E donckieri (Le Cerf, 1912a:55), Sesia
Hymenosphecia Le Cerf, 1917:284 [H. albomaculata Le Cerf,
1917]
Hymenophecia [sic] Le Cerf, 1917:283 [misspelling]
E albomaculata he Cerf, 1917:284
Idiopogon Meyrick, 1934a:456 [/. uranopla Meyrick, 1934]
E uranopla Meyrick, 1934a:456
Isocylindra Meyrick, 1930b:584 [/. melitosoma Meyrick, 1930]
E melitosoma Meyrick, 1930b:584
Isothamnis Meyrick, 1935:601 [Thamnoscelis prisciformis Mey-
rick, 1935; replacement name for Thamnoscelis
Meyrick, 1935]
Thamnoscelis Meyrick, 1935:558 [T. prisciformis
Meyrick, 1935; preoccupied, Meyrick, 1928
(Sesiidae)]
O prisciformis (Meyrick, 1935:558), Thamnoscelis
Lenyra Walker, 1856:71 [Trochilium ashtaroth West wood, 1848]
O ashtaroth (Westwood, 1848:14), Trochilium
tonkiniana Le Cerf, 1927:149 [new synonymy]
P simonyiRebel, 1931:102
Lenyrhova Le Cerf, 1957:97 [Lenyra heckmanniae Aurivillius,
1909]
E heckmanniae (Aurivillius, 1909:342), Lenyra
Leuthneria Dalla Torre, 1925; 149 [Eublepharis ruftcincta Felder,
1874; replacement name for Eublepharis
Felder, 1874]
Eublepharis Felder, 1874:4 [E. ruficincta Felder,
1874; preoccupied, Gray, 1827 (Reptilia)]
E ruficincta (Felder, 1874:4), Eublepharis
Macroscelesia Hampson, 1919:84 [Melittia longipes Moore,
1877]
O longipes (Moore, 1877:84), Melittia
Macrotarsipus Hampson, [1893a]: 194 [M. albipunctus Hamp-
son, 1893]
Macrotarsipes [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
6 [misspelling]
E africana (Beutenmiiller, 1899a: 170), Sesia
belia (Druce, 1910b: 181), Aegeria
O albipunctus Hampson, [ 1893a]: 194
albipunctatus [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:
7 [misspelling]
E lioscelis Meyrick, 1935:557
E microthyris Hampson, 1919:58
Megalosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b: 13 [M gigantipes Le Cerf, 1916]
E callosoma Hampson, 1919:78
E gigantipes Le Cerf, 1916b: 13
variety obscura le Cerf, 1916b: 13
Melanosphecia Le Cerf, 1916b: 10 [M. atra Le Cerf, 1916]
O atra he Cerf, 1916b; 10
44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O auricollis (Rothschild, 1912:123), Melittia
bouvieri Le Ccrf, 1917:247
O dohertyi Hampson, 1919:%
A fimebris (Rothschild, 1911:46), Melittia
Melisophista Meyrick, 1927b:371 [M geraropa Meyrick, 1927]
E geraropa Meyrick, 1927b:371
Nyctaegeria Le Cerf, 1914c:336 [N. rohani Le Cerf, 1914]
E rohani Le Cerf, 1914c:336
Oligophlebiella Strand, [1916]:49 [O. polishana Strand, 1916]
O polishana Strand, [ 1916] :49
Pedalonina Gaede, 1929:528 [P. semimarginata Gaede, 1929]
E semimarginata Gaede, 1929:528
Proaegeria Le Cerf, 1916b: 14 [P. vouauxi Le Cerf, 1916]
E vouauxi le Cerf, 1916b; 14
Rodolphia Le Cerf, 191 lb:92 [R. hombergi Le Cerf, 1911]
Rudolfia [sic] Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:187
[misspelling]
E hombergi Le Cerf, 191 lb:92
Similipepsis Le Cerf, 1911c:304 [S. violaceus Le Cerf, 1911]
Vespaegeria Strand, [1913]: 70 [ V. typica Strand,
1913; new synonymy]
E aurea Gaede, 1929:536
O lasiocera Hampson, 1919:114
E typica (Strand, [1913]:71), Vespaegeria [new combi-
nation]
E violaceus Le Cerf, 191 lc:304
Sphecosesia Hampson, 1910b:93 [S. pedunculata Hampson,
1910]
O aterea Hampson, 1919:77
E brachyptera Hampson, 1919:77
O melanostoma Diakonoff, [1968]:219
O pedunculata Hampson, 1910b:93
Thamnoscelis Meyrick, 1928d:466 [7: inclemens Meyrick, 1928]
O inclemens Meyrick, 1928d:466
Thyranthrene Hampson, 1919:97 [Lepidopoda obliquizona
Hampson, 1910]
E metazonata Hampson, 1919:97
E obliquizona (Hampson, 1910c:506), Lepidopoda
E squamata Gaede, 1929:532
TrichobapUs Holland, 1893:184 [T. sexstriata Holland, 1893
(= Melittia auristrigata Plotz, 1880)]
E auristrigata (Plotz, 1880:77), Melittia
sexstriata Holland, 1893:184
Trilochana Moore, 1879b:9 [T. scolioides Moore, 1879]
Scoliomima Butler, 1885:370 [S. insignis Butler,
1885]
O chalciptera Hampson, 1919:83
O insignis (Butler, 1885:371), Scoliomima
aberration pseudoinsignis (Strand, [1917b]:89),
Scoliomima
O oberthueri Le Cerf, 1917:353
oberthuri Le Cerf, 1917:353 [incorrect spelling]
oberthiin variety boulleti Le Cerf, 1917:355
E phaedrostoma Meyrick, 1934a:455
O scolioides Moore, 1879b: 10
O smaragdina Diakonoff, 1954:185
O triscoliopsis Rothschild, 1925a:208
Tyrictaca Walker, 1862b:83 [T. apicalis Walker, 1862]
O antiphanopa Meyrick, 1927b:372
O apicalis Walker, 1862b:84
Uranothyris Meyrick, 1933b:416 [U. pterotarsa Meyrick, 1933]
E pterotarsa Meyrick, 1933b:417
Xenoses Durrant, 1924:lxxv [X. macropus Durrant, 1924]
O macropus Durrant, 1924:lxxv.
Taxa Excluded from Sesiidae
1. Genera hereby transferred to Glyphipterigi-
dae:
Cotaena Walker, [1865]:21 [C. mediana Walker, 1865]
NL mediana Walker, [ 1865]:21
NL plenella (Busck, 1914b:61), Glyphipteryx [sic] [new
combination]
Myrsila Boisduval, [1875]:433 [M. auripennis Boisduval, 1875]
NL auripennis Boisduval, [1875]:433
2. Genera hereby transferred to Oecophoridae
(Stathmopodini):
Arauzona Walker, [1965]:25 [A. basalts Walker, 1865]
NL basalis Walker, [ 1865]: 26
NL moorei Busck, 1913a:88
Bonia Walker, 1862b:83 [B. unicolor Walker, 1862]
O unicolor Walker, 1862b:83
Dolophrosynella Fletcher, 1940:18 [Dolophrosyne balteata Dur-
rant, 1919; replacement name for Dolophrosyne
Durrant, 1919]
Dolophrosyne Durrant, 1919:120 [D. balteata Dur-
rant, 1919; preoccupied, Prout, 1918 (Noto-
dontidae: Dioptinae)]
A balteata (Durrant, 1919:121), Dolophrosyne
Tinaegeria Walker, 1856:260 [T. ochracea Walker, 1856]
NL ochracea Walker, 1856:260
aeneiceps (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:9), Eret-
mocera
(There are 5 other species known in Tinaegeria from South
America).
3. Genus excluded to Heliodinidae (transferred
by Naumann, 1971):
Anypoptus Durrant, 1919:120 [Sphecia tricolor Rothschild,
1912]
NUMBER 314 45
O tricolor (Rothschild, 1912:123), Sphecia
4. Genera excluded to Zygaenidae (transferred
by Naumann, 1971):
Balataea Walker, [1865]: 110 [B. aegerioides Walker, 1865]
O aegerioides Walker, [ 1865]: 111
Cicinnocnemis Holland, 1893:181 [C. comuta Holland, 1893]
Ninia Walker, 1856:72 [Sphinx plumipes Drury,
1782 (= Cicinnocnemis comuta Holland, 1893);
preoccupied, Baird and Baird, 1853 (Repti-
Ha)]
E comuta Holland, 1893:181
plumipes (Drury, 1782: pi. 2: fig. 3), Sphinx [not
Sphinx plumipes Drury, 1773 (Arctiidae: Cten-
uchinae)]
Toosa Walker, 1856:64 [T. glaucopiformis Walker, 1856]
E glaucopiformis Walker, 1856:65
5. Species hereby excluded to Sphingidae:
NL "Sesia " gehleni Closs, 1922:118 [unplaced]
(The type of this species has not been located and the current
sphingid genus in which it belongs is also not known).
6. Species hereby excluded to Arctiidae (Ctenu-
chinae):
P Aethria leucaspis (Cramer, 1775:83), Sphinx
leucopsis [sic] (Dalla Torre and Strand, 1925:96),
Chamaesphecia [misspelling]
N Cosmosoma omphala (Say, 1825:42), Aegeria
Family CHOREUTIDAE
CHOREUTIDAE Stainton, 1859:157 [type-genus: Choreutis Hiib-
ner, [1825]:373].
SIMAETHIDAE Cotes, 1889:700 [type-genus: Simaethis Leach,
1815:135 (= Anthophila Haworth, 1811)].
HEMEROPHILIDAE Busck, 1910:242 [type-genus: Hemerophila
Hiibner, [1817]: pi. 213: fig. 1].
CHOREUTHIDAE [sic] Hackman, 1947:71 [misspelling].
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (Figures 32-39, 63-
74, 93-101, 106-107).?Small moths (2-11 mm
base to apex forewing length).
Head: Frons smooth scaled; vertex with
loosely appressed scales; haustellum scaled at
base; maxillary palpus minute, 1- to 2-segmented;
labial palpus upcurved, usually with projecting
ventral scale tuft on segment 2, sometimes smooth
scaled; ocellus present; chaetosema absent; eye
large, naked; antenna filiform, with long ventral
setae in male, sometimes dorsally heavily scaled.
Thorax: Normal; legs smooth except for tufts
by tibial spurs.
Forewing: Rectangular, often with apex some-
what pointed and termen quadrate; opaque, of-
ten with metallic iridescent scale spots; Sc to
margin at half wing length; radius 5-branched,
no stalking but sometimes R2 and R3, as also R4
and R5 in close proximity to one another at end
of cell; chorda present, rarely absent; pterostigma
present, sometimes vestigial; usually vestigial vein
in median cell; median and cubital veins present;
CuP present at tornal margin, extended as fold;
anal veins reduced to fused A1+A2, basally long-
forked; A3 vestigial.
Hindwing: Very little shorter than forewing,
pointed, triangular, broader or nearly subequal
to forewing; opaque, without hyaline areas; sim-
ple frenulum-retinaculum coupling, with usually
3 setae in female frenulum; Sc+Rl fused, to
costal margin at apex or lA from apex; Rs free
basally, to apex; all median veins usually present,
rarely M3 absent; M3 often stalked with CuAl
from crossvein or slightly after; CuP present at
tornal margin, extended as fold; 4 anal veins
present; A1+A2 fused, basally forked; A3 dis-
tinct; A4 usually long, in close proximity to basal
margin.
Abdomen: Normal; no abdominal coremata.
Male Genitalia: Uncus rarely present, usually
absent; tegumen developed; socius-like setaceous
area present; tuba analis often prominent; gna-
thos rarely present; valva usually relatively sim-
ple, with ventral setal fields, sometimes complex,
occasionally bifurcate or fused along anterior
margin; vinculum developed; saccus often large,
sometimes absent; aedeagus usually with phallo-
base; cornutus usually present.
Female Genitalia: Ovipositor usually unspe-
cialized, sometimes floricomous; ostium bursae
usually on sternite 7, sometimes on intersegmen-
tal membrane between sternites 7 and 8; ductus
bursae often sclerotized, sometimes membranous,
sometimes spiralled, rarely extremely long and
thin; bulla seminalis small; bursa copulatrix usu-
ally ovate, sometimes variously modified; signum
usually present, sometimes large or absent.
46 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Larva: Head hypognathous; frontoclypeus
usually nearly at epicranial notch, sometimes only
Vfe as long (Brenthia); stemmata relatively closely
arranged in a rectangular semi-circle, with VI
reduced; proleg long and slender; crochets usually
in circle, sometimes in lateral penellipse; pro-
thorax with distinct sclerotized shield; L-group
trisetose on pinaculum; SD2 distant to SD1; SV
setae approximate; meso- and metathorax with
LI close to L2 and distant from L3; abdominal
segment 2 with SV setae in triangle; abdominal
segments 1-8 with SD2 closer to spiracle than
SD1; L2 approximate and antero-ventrad to LI;
abdominal segment 8 with D2 setae more distant
than Dl setae; usually numerous sclerotized pin-
acula on thoracic and abdominal segments.
Pupa: Dorsal spines present in one row on
abdominal segments 2-7; segments 3-7 in male
(3-6 in female) movable; head smooth; maxillary
palpus relatively large; appendages free when
beyond wing tips; no distinct cremaster but with
several long hook-tipped setae on segment 10;
pupation in a double-walled fusiform cocoon on
leaf surface or leaf axil; protruded at ecdysis.
DISTRIBUTION.?From all faunal regions, with
greatest speciation in the Oriental and Australian
regions for known species.
CURRENT TAXA.? 16 genera, 356 species.
HOSTS.?Aristolochiaceae (Millieria); Betula-
ceae (temperate Choreutis); Boraginaceae (Calo-
reas); Compositae (Asterivora, Tebenna); Ericaceae
(temperate Choreutis)., Fagaceae (Litobrenthia); La-
biatae (Prochoreutis); Leguminosae {Brenthia);
Moraceae {Hemerophila, Tortyra, Rhobonda, and
tropical Choreutis); Rosaceae (temperate Choreu-
tis); Salicaceae (temperate Choreutis); Scrophular-
iaceae (Tebenna); Ulmaceae (temperate Choreutis);
Umbelliferae {Tebenna); Urticaceae (Anthophila,
Brenthia).
DISCUSSION.?The Choreutidae are easily dis-
tinguished from other sesioid families by the bas-
ally scaled haustellum. The scaled haustellum is
present in all species of Choreutidae as here re-
stricted and these scales are generally attached in
two rows, one on each galea; only in Hemerophila
are there fewer scales, and specimens may be
found with the scales removed due to use of the
haustellum by the adult. The note by Diakonoff
(1977) that some Choreutidae have a naked haus-
tellum involves the inclusion in the family of
genera herein restricted to Brachodidae. Choreu-
tidae also typically have metallic iridescent scale
markings on the forewings and often have a large
scale tuft on the labial palpi.
The choreutids were viewed as tortricid rela-
tives by early nineteenth-century lepidopterists
using characters generally of only a superficial
nature, although they were soon restricted as a
separate group within Tortrices. Stainton (1859)
appears to have been the first to segregate them
as a separate family, which was alternately fol-
lowed and ignored over the years by other re-
searchers. Staudinger (1870) was the first to com-
bine the choreutids with the Glyphipterigidae
and, after Meyrick (1880; 1914c) stabilized this
combination, the two groups have generally been
considered as one family, the Glyphipterigidae
(auctorum).
The combination of these two unrelated groups
was based primarily on the superficial resem-
blance of wing maculation, probably formed by
common adaptive strategies to diurnal adult ac-
tivity, and on similarities in wing venation. Mey-
rick and earlier workers, in deriving their assess-
ments of phylogenetic relationships among Lepi-
doptera families, generally did not use genitalic
characters, or a number of fundamental (often
internal) morphological characters, or characters
of the immature stages. Consequently, the com-
bination of the choreutids and the glyphipterigids
occurred and has remained stable until the last
few years when comparative study of basic char-
acters has demonstrated that the two groups are
actually unrelated (Brock, [1968]; 1971). The
characters distinguishing the two families have
been discussed by Heppner (1977a) in detail.
Briefly stated, the main distinctions segregating
them to different superfamilies involve the tineoid
abdominal articulation, bisetose larva (prothora-
cic L-group setae), and nonprotruded pupa of the
Glyphipterigidae (Copromorphoidea), and the
NUMBER 314 47
tortricoid abdominal articulation, trisetose larva,
and protruded pupa of the Choreutidae (Sesioi-
dea).
Among the genera here included in Choreuti-
dae, there is a relatively steady progression among
several characters from Litobrenthia to Rhobonda,
although until larvae become known for all gen-
era it remains difficult to determine which genus
is most advanced within the family. Litobrenthia
and Brenthia appear, however, to be the least
advanced choreutid genera in terms of their un-
specialized wing venation, yet the genitalia of
Brenthia have become very complex in most spe-
cies. The two genera are otherwise isolated within
the family and are currently the only genera of
the new subfamily Brenthiinae. Millieria is Pa-
learctic and possibly closest to Brenthia among the
Choreutinae, yet even so is still rather distinct
and more related to Prochoreutis, new name.
Prochoreutis, Caloreas, and Tebenna are very
closely related and are mainly north temperate
genera, although a few Prochoreutis are known
from tropical India and there are Neotropical
Caloreas and Tebenna. Choreutis is related to the
former three genera but has CuA2 of the forewing
distant from the end of the cell and most species
lack a scale tuft on the labial palpi. They have
speciated to a great extent in the Oriental and
Australian regions but also contain a number of
species in north temperate regions. Anthophila is
difficult to place phylogenetically among the
other genera of Choreutidae, since it is the only
genus with a gnathos in the male, while female
characters show tendencies to Choreutis. Head
morphology, wing venation, and larval charac-
ters, however, indicate that the genus is a plesio-
morphic member of the Choreutinae. Anthophila
species, as here restricted, are known primarily
from the Holarctic, with only a few species in
tropical regions adjacent to temperate areas.
In addition to Choreutis the remaining genera
are almost exclusively tropical, with Saptha in the
Oriental and Australian regions and Tortyra, Hem-
erophila, Zodia, Melanoxena, and Rhobonda in the
Neotropical region. New World "Simaethis" have
been newly segregated to appropriate genera in
a recent paper (Heppner, 1977b). Melanoxena, Rho-
bonda, Tortyra, Zodia and Hemerophila have the
forewing vein CuA2 removed from the distal end
of the cell, while this is somewhat less pronounced
in Choreutis and Saptha.
Choreutids are all diurnally active as adults as
far as is known and typically are found only in
close proximity to their larval host plant. The
larvae are virtually all leaf feeders, except for
three known exceptions, one each in New Zealand
and North America, and the Palearctic leaf-min-
ing Millieria. In the North American species, Te-
benna carduiella (Kearfott), the larvae occur in the
stems of thistles, Carduus species (Compositae),
where they are partially communal. The stems of
Carduus, however, are hollow and the larvae ap-
pear to feed mainly on the inner surface of the
stems. The New Zealand choreutid, Asterivora
tillyardi (Philpott), apparently is within the stem
of its host plant, Raoulia sp., for larval protection
(Dugdale, pers. comm.).
The larval morphology of Choreutidae is rela-
tively well known inasmuch as it is based on the
study of examples from several genera, although
usually only from a few species of each genus.
Features held in common with Brachodidae and
Sesiidae include the trisetose L-group of the pro-
thorax (not Sagalassa in Brachodidae), the 2 ad-
frontal setae of the head, and the slender spin-
neret, to note three main characters. A number
of other characters, however, vary from the other
two families: the usually long frontoclypeus (short
only in Brenthiinae), the more closely spaced
stemmata with VI reduced, the sclerotized pro-
thoracic shield, long prolegs with circular crochets
in most genera, SV setae of abdominal segment
2 triangular, and L1 close to L2 and distant from
L3 on the meso- and metathorax.
These larval characters are also present in Tor-
tricidae and demonstrate the tortricoid aspects of
choreutids. The trisetose L-group prothoracic se-
tae and the protruded pupa are the predominant
characters that indicate closer relationship to Se-
siidae than to yponomeutoid families, while adult
characters support this as well. Unlike Brachodi-
dae and Sesiidae, the pupae of Choreutidae have
48 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
only single rows of dorsal abdominal spines on
segments 2-7, but as in the other two families
there are well-developed maxillary palpi. It ap-
pears that concurrent with the evolution to exter-
nal feeding in Choreutidae there were several
changes in the appearance and chaetotaxy of
choreutid larvae and pupae; features that are
perhaps not as important in exophagous larvae
as they are in endophagous larvae of the Brach-
odidae were lost and others were developed.
Most choreutids form typical double-walled
cocoons on host leaf surfaces or in a leaf axil, with
the cocoon having an inner fluted part of white
silk and an outer covering net of thin white silk.
One species, Tortyra slossonia (Fernald), from Flor-
ida, feeds within the unopened leaf buds of Ficus
and forms a cocoon within the particular bud
occupied by the last larval instar. Tebenna car-
duiella makes an emergence hole at leaf axils for
frass deposition and cocoon placement.
Several genera of Choreutidae appear to have
diverged among distinct plant families; this was
summarized for the New World genera by
Heppner (1977b).
The subfamily classification used below is in-
novative and is useful in segregating groups of
genera now that the family is known to be distinct
from Glyphipterigidae. Previously the subfamily
Choreutinae encompassed all choreutids as a
subfamily of Glyphipterigidae. The only recent
summary of the family has been that of Toll
(1956) for Poland.
Some representative Choreutidae adults are
illustrated in Figures 14-19.
Key to Subfamilies of Choreutidae
Forewings with termen distinctly rounded; chorda absent BRENTHIINAE
Forewings with apex more or less pointed and whole termen more or less
quadrate, not distinctly rounded; chorda present (rarely) vestigial)
CHOREUTINAE
BRENTHIINAE Heppner, new subfamily
TYPE-GENUS.?Brenthia Clemens, 1860b: 172.
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Adults with 2-5
mm base to apex forewing length. Characters as
for the family but with the following distinctions:
labial palpus without large scale tuft on segment
2; forewing with broadly rounded termen; metal-
lic iridescent spots restricted to termen as subter-
minal band of spots; hindwing iridescent sub-
apical spot often present; veins equidistant in
forewings; chorda absent; no vein in median cell;
hindwing apex relatively rounded; uncus absent;
tuba analis usually prominent; tegumen with
setaceous socius-like area; gnathos absent; juxta
often complex, with bifurcated prolongations re-
sembling a gnathos, sometimes simple; valva of-
ten complex, sometimes fused along anterior mar-
gin, or partly bifurcate, rarely simple; saccus
reduced, rarely developed; phallobase absent,
rarely present; cornutus absent or only as fine
spicules; ovipositor often floricomous, sometimes
unspecialized; ostium bursae at posterior margin
of sternite 7, as conical projection or cup with
central protrusion, sometimes a membraneous
funnel; ductus bursae membranous, usually ex-
ceedingly long, thin, and convoluted, rarely sim-
ple, often attached to bursa laterally with ductus
seminalis arising from bursa as ductus bursae
normally does; bursa copulatrix ovate; signum
usually absent. Larva with head distinctly larger
than in Choreutinae, very hypognathous with
long setae; abdominal segments 1-6 with SD1
closer to spiracle than SD2, subequal on segment
7; Dl setae closer to each other than D2 to each
other; D2 on segment 9 very long; crochets in
circle. Pupa with noticeably elongated setae.
DISTRIBUTION.?Mostly tropical, centered in
the Neotropical, Oriental, and Australian regions.
CURRENT TAXA.?Two genera, 66 species.
Subfamily CHOREUTINAE
CHOREUTIDAE Stainton, 1859:157 [type-genus: Choreutis Hiib-
ner, [1825]:373].
NUMBER 314
SIMAETHINAE Cotes, 1889:700 [type-genus: Simaethis Leach,
1815:135 (= Anthophila Haworth, 1811)].
CHOREUTINAE Walsingham, 1892:529.
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS.?Adults with 3-8
mm base to apex forewing length. Characters as
for the family but with the following distinctions:
labial palpus usually with more or less prominent
ventral scale tuft on segment 2, but sometimes
tuft reduced; forewings more or less pointed at
apex; metallic iridescent spots usually prominent
on forewing; chorda present; vein in median cell
or vestigial; hindwing apex more or less pointed;
uncus rarely present; gnathos rarely present; tuba
analis usually prominent; socius usually as well-
developed setaceous area; valva usually simple,
sometimes with apical hook and cucullus-like ap-
pendage; saccus usually prominant and large;
juxta a plate with a basal elongation or a small
plate with separate rod to valval base; phallobase
present; cornutus present; ovipositor simple with
sharply defined distal edges; ostium bursae usu-
ally well defined, a cup on sternite 7, at posterior
margin of sternite 7, or on intersegmental mem-
brane; ductus bursae often at least partially scle-
rotized, simple or off-set in attachment to bursa,
rarely spiralled; bursa copulatrix ovate to heart-
shaped; signum usually present, a spicule band,
spicule patch, or fused inwardly projecting spicule
line. Larvae with head of normal size relative to
Brenthiinae, normal oblique hypognathous with
setae of average length; abdominal segments 1-6
with SD2 closer to spiracle than SD1, same on
segment 7; Dl setae closer to each other than D2
to each other; D2 on segment 9 of normal length;
crochets in circle or lateral penellipse. Pupa with
setae of normal length, not noticeably elongate.
DISTRIBUTION.?Temperate Holarctic and in
Pantropical areas, with extensive speciation in
the Indo-Australian regions.
CURRENT TAXA.?14 genera, 290 species.
Brenthia Clemens, 1860
CHOREUTINAE
Anthophila Haworth, 1811
Millieria Ragonot, 1874
Peotyle Diakonoff, 1978
Prochoreutis Heppner, new name
Caloreas Heppner, 1977
Tebenna Billberg, 1820
Asterivora Dugdale, 1979
Choreutis Hiibner, 1825
Saptha Walker, 1864
Tortyra Walker, 1863
Hemerophila Hiibner, 1817
Zodia Heppner, 1979
Melanoxena Dognin, 1910
Rhobonda Walker, 1863
49
63
11
1
2
35
18
29
23
96
18
21
27
5
1
3
Generic Synopsis of Choreutidae
BRENTHIINAE
Litobrenthia Diakonoff, 1978
Species
3
Checklist of Choreutidae
Subfamily BRENTHIINAE
Litobrenthia Diakonoff, 1978a:28 [Brenthia japonica Issiki, 1930]
O grammodes Diakonoff, 1979:296
P japonica (Issiki, 1930:424), Brenthia
kiiensis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1078), Choreutis
O stephanephora Diakonoff, 1979:292
Brenthia Clemens, 1860b: 172 [B. pavonacella Clemens, 1860]
Microaethia Chambers, 1878a: 76 [M. amphicar-
peoeana Chambers, 1878 (= Brenthia pavonacella
Clemens, 1860); unavailable by publication in
synonymy]
NL acmogramma Meyrick, 1915b:217
A,O albimaculana (Snellen, 1875:77), Simaethis
hecataea Meyrick, 1907b: 109
NL amatana (Walker, 1863b:451), Simaethis
O anisopa Diakonoff, [1968]: 207
O ardens Meyrick, 1912a:52
O argyroxantha (Meyrick, 1938a:87), Choreutis [new
combination]
NL bicaudella Walsingham, 1914:308
O buthusalis (Walker, 1863b:454), Simaethis
buthalis Meyrick, 1913a:37 [emendation]
A caelicola Meyrick, 1910a:468
O carola Meyrick, 1912a:53
O catenata Meyrick, 1907a: 748
NL ceutholychna Meyrick, 1915b:218
NL confluxana (Walker, 1863b:452), Simaethis
O coronigera Meyrick, 1918c: 194
O cyanaula Meyrick, 1912a:53
O dendronympha Meyrick, 1937:125
NL depulsana (Walker, 1863b:452), Simaethis
E dicentrota Meyrick, 1931b: 183
A diplotaphra Meyrick, 1938b:523
50 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
A elachista Walsingham, 1900a:76
O elatella (Walker, 1863b:455), Simaethis
NL episotras Meyrick, 1920a:335
NL eriopis Meyrick, 1920a:337
O excusana (Walker, 1863b: 455), Simaethis
O formosensis Issiki, 1930:425
E gamicopis Meyrick, 1930c: 6
O harmonica Meyrick, 1918c: 192
NL heptacosma Meyrick, 1920a: 336
NL hexaselena Meyrick, 1909a:41
E leptocosma Meyrick, 1916:560
E leucatoma Meyrick, 1918a:36
O lithocrossa Meyrick, 1922:487
NL logistis Meyrick, 1909a:41
O luminifera Meyrick, 1912a:51
NL malachitis Meyrick, 1909a:40
A melodica Meyrick, 1922:487
O moniligera (Meyrick, 1912a:54), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
NL monolychna Meyrick, 1915b:218
P nephelosema Diakonoff, 1978a:31
NL ocellata Walsingham, 1914:308
E octogemmifera (Walsingham, 1897:52), Choreutis
O ocularis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6), Choreutis
A pampoecila Turner, 1913:209
O paranympha Meyrick, 1912a: 53
N pavonacella Clemens, 1860b: 172
amphicarpeoeana (Chambers, 1878a: 76), Microae-
thia [unavailable by publication in synonymy]
pavonicella [sic] Chambers, 1878b: 132 [misspell-
ing]
P pileae Arita, 1971:351
E pleiodopa Meyrick, 1921c: 112
A quadriforella Zeller, 1877:172
quadriflorella [sic] Walsingham, 1900a: 77 [mis-
spelling]
hypocalla (Lower, 1905:113), Simaethis
A salaconia Meyrick, 1910a: 468
O salinata Meyrick, 1918c: 193
NL sapindella Busck, [ 1934]: 183
A spintheristis Meyrick, 1910a:469
NL stenorma Meyrick, 1915b:219
NL stimulans Meyrick, 1920a:336
O strophalora Meyrick, 1912a: 51
NL stylophora Meyrick, 1920a:335
NL suavis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6), Choreutis
P tetartodipla Diakonoff, 1978a:33
O trilampas Meyrick, 1918c: 193
A trilitha Meyrick, 1907b: 108
A tnmachaera Meyrick, 1927a: 103
E virginalis Meyrick, 19l2a:52
P yaeyamae Arita, 1971:350
S u b f a m i l y C H O R E U T I N A E
Anthophila Haworth, [1811]:471 [A. fabruii Haworth, 1811
(= Phalaena (Tortrix) fabnciana Linnaeus,
1767)]
Simaethis Leach, 1815:135 [Tortnx dentana Hiib-
ner, 1796-99 (= Phalaena (Tortrix) fabriciana
Linnaeus, 1767)]
Xylopode Latreille, 1825:476 [vernacular name]
Xylopoda Berthold, 1827:484 [Tortrix dentana Hiib-
ner, 1796-99]
Xylopoda Latreille, 1829:412 (Tortrix dentana Hiib-
ner, 1796-99]
Simoethis [sic] Desmarest, 1848:617 [misspelling]
Symaethis [sic] Bruand d'Uzelle, 1850:101 [mis-
spelling]
Simaetis [sic] Kautz, 1931:28 [misspelling]
Simethis [sic] Bleszynski, Razowski, and Zu-
kowski, 1965:413 [misspelling]
Antophila [sic] Bleszynski, Razowski, and Zu-
kowski, 1965:413 [misspelling; not Antophila
Hiibner, 1806 (Noctuidae); rejected, ICZN,
1926]
Siamethis [sic] Klimesch, 1968:150 [misspelling]
P abhasica Danilevsky, 1969:928
N alpinella (Busck, 1904:746), Hemerophila
P armata Danilevsky, 1969:930
form superba Diakonoff, 1979:299 [new synon-
ymy]
NL brachymorpha (Meyrick, 1915b:216), Simaethis
P colchica Danilevsky, 1969:931
P decolorana Danilevsky, 1969:931
P dischides Diakonoff, 1978a:3
P fabriciana (Linnaeus, 1767:880), Phalaena (Tortrix)
oxyacanthella (Linnaeus, 1767:886), Phalaena (Ti-
nea)
urticaria ([Denis and Schiffermiiller], 1775:132),
Phalaena
dentana (Hiibner, [1796-1799]: pi. 1: fig. 4), Tor-
trix
fabricii Haworth, [1811]:471 [emendation]
oxyacanthae Haworth, [1811]:471 [emendation]
dentanalis (Treitschke, 1829:158), Asopia [emen-
dation]
altemalis (Treitschke, 1829:160), Asopia
parietariae (Stainton, 1855:42), Simaethis
oxyacanthana (Holle, 1865:220), Tortrix
aetemalis [sic] (Frey, 1880:333), Simaethis [mis-
spelling in synonymy]
uriicana [sic] (Meyrick, 1914c:22), Simaethis [mis-
spelling]
P filipjevi Danilevsky, 1969:927
O halimora (Meyrick, 1912a:50), Simaethis
O oreina Diakonoff, 1979:297
NUMBER 314 51
Millieria Ragonot, 1874:173 [Choreutis dolosana Herrich-Schaf-
fer, 1854]
Ripismia Wocke, [1876]:339 [Choreutis dolosana
Herrich-Schaffer, 1854
Rhipismia Reutti, 1898:180 [emendation]
Milliereia Spuler, 1910:298 [emendation]
Milliera [sic] Le Marchand, 1937:192 [misspell-
ing]
Millieroa [sic] Le Marchand, 1937:192 [misspell-
ing]
P dolosana (Herrich-Schaffer, 1854:95), Choreutis
dolasona [sic] (Desmarest, [185 7]: 228), Choreutes
[sic] [mispelling]
Peotyle DiakonofT, 1978a:23 [Choreutis atmodesma Meyrick,
1933]
O atmodesma (Meyrick, 1933:3 71), Choreutis
athmodesma [sic] (Caradja, 1940:119), Choreutis
[misspelling]
O batangensis (Caradja, 1940:119), Choreutis
Prochoreutis Heppner, new name [Pyralis myllerana Fabricius,
1794; for Choreutis of authors, not Choreutis
Hiibner, 1825; see Addendum]
P alpina (Arita, 1976:118), Choreutis [new combina-
tion]
E argyrastra (Meyrick, 1932a: 115), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
O argyrota (Meyrick, 1912a:55), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
P arisema (Diakonoff, 1978a: 14), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
P atrox (Diakonoff, 1978a: 18), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
P brunescens (Diakonoff, 1978a: 16), Choreutis [new
combination]
P calliclisa (Diakonoff, 1978a:7), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
P chionocosma (Diakonoff, 1978a:21), Choreutis [new
combination]
NL clemensella (Walsingham, 1914:309), Porpe [new
combination]
P delicata (Arita, 1976:119), Choreutis [new combina-
tion]
P drosodoxa (Meyrick, 1933a: 3 70), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
N dyarella (Kearfott, 1902:112), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
N extrincicella (Dyar, 1900:86), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
extnnsecella (Meyrick, 1913a:39), Choreutis [emen- N
dation]
P hadrogastra (Diakonoff, 1978a: 11), Choreutis [new O
combination]
holotoxa (Meyrick, 1903:6), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
nolotoxa [sic] (Hartig, 1956:126), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
incerta (Capuse, 1970:354), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
injlatella (Clemens, 1863:5), Brenthia [new combi-
nation]
virginiella (Clemens, 1864:505), Brenthia
intermediana (Rebel, 1910b: 10), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
intermedia [sic] (Diakonoff, 1978a: 21), Choreutis
[misspelling]
irradiata (Meyrick, 1913b:67), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
monognoma (Diakonoff, 1978a: 5), Choreutis [new
combination]
rnontelli (Hackman, 1947:73), Choreuthis [sic] [new
combination]
myllerana (Fabricius, 1794:377), Pyralis [new com-
bination]
mylleri (Haworth, [1811]:472), Anthophila [emen-
dation]
angustana (Hiibner, [1811-13]: pi. 32: fig. 204),
Tortrix
urticana (Hiibner, [1819-22]: pi. 44: fig. 273),
Tortrix [not Phalaena urticana Denis and Schif-
fermiiller, 1775]
scintilulana (Hiibner, [1825]:373), Choreutis
scintilulalis (Treitschke, 1835:33), Choreutes [sic]
[emendation]
scintillulalis [sic] (Zeller, 1839:325), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
albipunctalis (Zetterstedt, [1839]:974), Choreutes
[sic]
augustana [sic] (Guenee, 1845:191), Simaethis [mis-
spelling]
scintilimana [sic] (Stephens, 1856:223), Choreutes
[sic] [misspelling]
scintilutana [sic] (Desmarest, [1857]:224), Choreutes
[sic] [misspelling]
scintillulana [sic] (Morris, 1872:208), Choreutes [sic]
[misspelling]
miillerana [sic] (Bang-Haas, 1875:1), Choreutis
[misspelling]
myllerala [sic] (Schiitze, 1931:171), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
myllerans [sic] (Arita, 1976:116), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
pernivalis (Braun, 1921:12), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
phalaraspis (Meyrick, 1923:617), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
52 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O philonyma (Meyrick, 1912a:55), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
P radians (DiakonofT, 1978a:9), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
P sachalinensis (Danilevsky, 1969:919), Choreutis [new
combination]
P sehestediana (Fabricius, 1776:293), Pyralis [new com-
bination]
sehestedtiana [sic] (Turton, [1802]: 358), Pyralis
[misspelling]
punctosa (Haworth, [1811]:472), Anthophila
punctuosa [sic] (Wood, 1835:121), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
P sibirica (Hackman, 1947:74), Choreuthis [sic] [new
combination]
P Solaris (Erschoff, 1877:342), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
N sororculella (Dyar, 1900:86), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
P stellaris (Zeller, 1847b:642), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
P talyshensis (Danilevsky, 1969:921), Choreutis [new
combination]
P ultimana (Krulikovsky, [1909]:275), Choreutis [new
combination]
P ussurica (Danilevsky, 1969:921), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
Caloreas Heppner, 1977b:631 [Choreutis apocynoglossa Heppner,
1976]
N apocynoglossa (Heppner, 1976:256), Choreutis
N augustella (Clarke, 1933:91), Choreutis
NL blandinalis (Zeller, 1877:171), Choreutis
N caliginosa (Braun, 1921:13), Choreutis
NL charmonica (Walsingham, 1914:312), Porpe
N coloradella (Dyar, 1900:85), Choreutis
coloradella (Kearfott, 1902:123), Choreutis
NL cydrota (Meyrick, 1915b:220), Choreutis
NL enantia (Walsingham, 1914:310), Porpe
NL hymenata (Meyrick, 1909a:38), Choreutis
NL lactibasis (Walsingham, 1914:311), Porpe
N leucobasis (Dyar, 1900:85), Choreutis
leucobasis (Fernald, 1900:242), Choreutis
NL loxotenes (Walsingham, 1914:309), Porpe
N multimarginata (Braun, 1925:203), Choreutis
melanifera (Keifer, 1937:338), Choreutis
N occidentella (Dyar, 1900:86), Choreutis
NL pelinobasis (Walsingham, 1914:310), Porpe
N,NL schausiella (Busck, [1907]:86), Choreutis
NL tacubayella (Kearfott, 1908:181), Choreutis
NL venusta (Walsingham, 1914:311), Porpe
Teberma Billberg, 1820:90 [Tinea bjerkandrella Thunberg, 1784;
not Tebenna Hiibner, 1825 (Agonoxenidae)]
Porpe Hiibner, [1825]:373 [P. fibrana Hiibner,
1825 (= Tinea bjerkandrella Thunberg, 1784)]
Tebeuna [sic] Danilevsky, 1969:922 [misspelling]
O agalmatopa (Meyrick, 1926b: 305), Choreutis [new
combination]
E agelasta (Bradley, 1965:104), Choreutis [new combi-
nation]
NL alliciens (Meyrick, 1926b: 305), Choreutis
N balsamorrhizella (Busck, 1904:748), Choreutis
P bjerkandrella (Thunberg, 1784:24), Tinea
cardui (Strom, 1783:87), Phalaena (Tortrix) [pro-
posed suppression, Nye et al, 1977]
bierkandrana (Fabricius, 1787:236), Pyralis [emen-
dation]
vibrana (Hiibner, [1811-13]: pi. 32: fig. 202),
Tinea
fibrana [sic] (Hiibner, [1825]:373), Porpe [misspell-
ing]
vibralis (Treitschkc, 1835:33), Choreutes [sic] [mis-
spelling]
bjerkandrana (Guenee, 1845:191), Simaethis [emen-
dation]
bjerkandella [sic] (Hulst, 1887:21), Choreutes [sic]
[misspelling]
biercandrella [sic] (Gerasimov, 1930:29), Choreutis
[misspelling]
A bradleyi Clarke, 1971:166
N carduiella (Kearfott, 1902:116), Choreutis
busckiella (Kearfott, 1902:120), Choreutis
carduella (Meyrick, 1913a:39), Choreutis [emen-
dation]
P caucasica Danilevsky, 1976:34
P chingana Danilevsky, 1969:922, Tebeuna [sic]
P chodzhajevi (Gerasimov, 1930:30), Choreutis
chodjaevi [sic] (Gerasimov, 1930:30), Choreutis
[misspelling]
O chrysotacta (Meyrick, 1933a:371), Choreutis [new
combination]
NL chrysoterma (Meyrick, 1932c:275), Choreutis
A diana (Bradley, 1 % 1:155), Choreutis [not Tortrix diana
Hiibner, 1819-1822; new combination]
NL juscidorsis (Zeller, 1877:170), Choreutis
N gemmalis (Hulst, 1886:148), Chalcoela
N gnaphaliella (Kearfott, 1902:113), Choreutis
gnaphiella [sic] (Mosher, 1916:47), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
N immutabilis (Braun, 1927:192), Choreutis
E inspirata (Meyrick, 1916:560), Choreutis [new com-
bination]
P isshikii (Matsumura, 1931a: 1078), Choreutis
issikii [sic] Arita, 1975:299 [misspelling]
P kawabei Arita, 1975:301
NL lapidaria (Meyrick, 1909a:39), Choreutis
NL leptilonella (Busck, [1934]: 186), Choreutis
P micalis (Mann, 1857:181), Choreutis
NUMBER 314 53
N onustana (Walker, 1864:996), Simaethis
pretiosana variety ohiensis (Zeller, 1875:320), Cho-
reutis
ohioensis [sic] (Kearfott, 1902:113), Choreutis [mis-
spelling]
N piperella (Busck, 1904:749), Choreutis
P pretiosana (Duponchel, 1842:182), Xylopoda
australis (Zeller, 1847b:643), Choreutis
? pychnomochla (Bradley, 1965:104), Choreutis [new
combination]
N silphiella (Grote, 1881b:40), Choreutes [sic]
P submicalis Danilevsky, 1969:923
Asterivora Dugdale, 1979:461 [Simaethis combinatana Walker,
1863]
Asterophaga Horning and Greenwood, 1977:295
[nomen nudum]
A albifasciata (Philpott, 1924a: 213), Simaethis
A analoga (Meyrick, 1912b: 122), Simaethis
A antigrapha (Meyrick, 191 la:76), Simaethis
A barbigera (Meyrick, 1915a:203), Simaethis
A chatuidea (C. Clarke, 1926:421), Simaethis
A colpota (Meyrick, 1911a:67), Simaethis
A combinatana (Walker, 1863b:456), Simaethis
abstitella (Walker, 1864:997), Simaethis
A exocha (Meyrick, 1907b: 120), Simaethis
exotka [sic] (Meyrick, 1914c:22), Simaethis [mis-
spelling]
A fasciata (Philpott, 1930:12), Simaethis
A homotypa (Meyrick, 1907b: 109), Choreutis
A inspoliata (Philpott, 1930:12), Simaethis
A iochondra (Meyrick, 1911a:77), Simaethis
A lampadias (Meyrick, 1907b: 110), Choreutis
A marmarea (Meyrick, 1888:85), Simaethis
A microlitha (Meyrick, 1888:84), Simaethis
A ministra (Meyrick, 1912b: 121), Simaethis
A nivescens (Philpott, 1926:397), Simaethis
A oleariae Dugdale, 1979:462
A symbolaea (Meyrick, 1888:85), Simaeth.s
A tillyardi (Philpott, 1924b:666), Simaethis
A tristis (Philpott, 1930:12), Simaethis
A urbana (C. Clarke, 1926:420), Simaethis
A zomeuta (Meyrick, 1912b: 121), Simaethis
Choreutis Hiibner, [1825]:373 [[Phalaena] pariana Clerck, 1759]
Hemerophila Hiibner, [1806]:[2] [rejected, ICZN,
1926; new synonymy]
Eutromula Frolich, 1828:11 [[Phalaena] pariana
Clerck, 1759; new synonymy]
Choreutes Treitschke, 1835:31 [emendation]
Macropia O. Costa, [1836]:[196] [Asopia incisalis
Treitschke, 1829 (= Tortrix nemorana Hiibner,
1796-1799); not Macropia Malloch, 1930 (Dip-
tera); new synonymy]
Chorentes [sic] Morris, 1872:iv [misspelling]
Entomoloma Ragonot, 1875:45 [Tortrix nemorana
Hiibner, 1796-1799; new synonymy]
Chorentis [sic] Turner, 1898:203 [misspelling]
Orchemia sensu Fernald, 1900:238 [Tortrix diana
Hiibner, 1819-1822; not Orchemia Guenee,
1845 fTortricidae); new synonymy]
Hemerophila sensu Fernald, 1900:239 [Simaethis
vicarialis Zeller, 1875 (= Tortrix diana Hiibner,
1819-1822); not Hemerophila Hiibner, 1817
(Choreutidae); new synonymy]
Choreutidia Sauber, 1902:702 [C. sexfasciella
Sauber, 1902]
Allononyma Busck, 1904:745 [Tortrix diana Hiib-
ner, 1819-1822; new synonymy]
Allonyma [sic] Fracker, 1915:77 [misspelling]
Cloreutis [sic] Kautz, 1931:28 [misspelling]
Choreuthis [sic] Hackman, 1947:71 [misspelling]
Chloreutis [sic] Viette, 1947:40 [misspelling]
Allonomyia [sic] Ferguson, 1975:41 [misspelling]
O achyrodes (Meyrick, 1912a:46), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
albifascialis (Marumo, 1923:199), Simaethis
kochiensis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1080), Simaethis
P aegyptiaca (Zeller, 1867:461), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
O amethystodes (Meyrick, 1914b:57), Simaethis [new
combination]
O angulosa (Diakonoff, [1968]:202), Anthophila [new
combination]
O anthorma (Meyrick, 1912a:42), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O antichlora (Meyrick, 1912a:44), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O antiptila Meyrick, 1912a:56
O argoxantha (Meyrick, 1934b: 458), Simaethis [new
combination]
P atrosignata (Christoph, 1888:311), Simaethis [new
combination]
moiwana (Matsumura, 1931a: 1080), Simaethis
ussuriensis (Danilevsky and Kuznetsov, 1973:15),
Hemerophila
A,O basalts (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:18), Simaethis
[new combination]
chionodesma (Lower, 1896:167), Simaethis
P bathysema (Diakonoff, 1978a:25), Eutromula [new
combination]
N betuliperda (Dyar, 1902:403), Orchemia [new combi-
nation]
A chalcotoxa (Meyrick, 1886a:287), Simaethis [new
combination]
A chelaspis (Meyrick, 1928b: 504), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
A chi (Durrant, 1915:156), Hemerophila [new combi-
nation]
54
O
O
P
P
A
H
O
O
E
A
E
E
O
O
A.
E
O
E
O
O
P
P
O
O
collapsa (Meyrick, 1934b:457), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
cothumata (Meyrick, 1912a:45), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
cunuligera (Diakonoff, 1978b: 205), Eutromula [new
combination]
cyanogramma (Diakonoff and Arita, 1979a: 15), Eu-
tromula [new combination]
cyanotoxa (Meyrick, 1907b: 113), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
diana (Hiibner, [1819-22]: pi. 44: fig. 247), Tortrix
dianalis (Treitschke, 1835:31), Choreutes [sic]
[emendation]
decorana (Zetterstedt, [1839]:982), Coccyx
lundana (Walker, 1863b:318), Amphisa
vicarialis (Zeller, 1875:322), Simaethis
vicarilis [sic] (Dyar, 1900:41), Simaethis [misspell-
ing]
dichlora (Meyrick, 1912a:48), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
pilana (Meyrick, 1912a:50), Simaethis
diplogramma (Meyrick, 1912a:49), Simaethis [new
combination]
dryodora (Meyrick, 1921c:111), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
emplecta (Turner, 1942:93), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
entechna (Meyrick, 1920b: 295), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
equatoris (Walsingham, 1897:53), Simaethis [new
combination]
euclista (Meyrick, 1918c: 192), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
eumetra (Meyrick, 1912a:43), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
falsified (Meyrick, 1927a: 104), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
flavimaculata (Walsingham, 1891:77), Simaethis [new
combination]
fulminea (Meyrick, 1912a:48), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
gratiosa (Meyrick, 1911b:290), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
hestiarcha Meyrick, 1912a:54
holachyrma (Meyrick, 1912a:47), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
hyligenes (Butler, 1879:80), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
hypocroca (Diakonoff, 1978a:23), Eutromula [new
combination]
taleura (Meyrick, 1912a:46), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
inscriptana (Snellen, 1875:76), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O
E
O
P
O
A
E
O
A
A
O
P
A
P
P
P
O
O
A,O
O
A
O
H
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
irimochla (Meyrick, 1921b: 182), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
irridens (Meyrick, 1921c:111), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
itnodes (Meyrick, 1912a:49), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
japonica (Zeller, 1877:176), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
lethaea (Meyrick, 1912a:47), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
limonias (Meyrick, 1907b: 111), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
ludifica (Meyrick, 1914a:283), Simaethis (new com-
bination]
lutescens (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:18), Simae-
this [new combination]
a-coeruleum (Pagenstecher, 1884:287), Simaethis
a-caeruleum [sic] (Meyrick, 1907b: 114), Simaethis
[misspelling]
lygaeopa (Turner, 1923:166), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
melanopepla (Meyrick, 1880:212), Simaethis [new
combination]
melophaga (Meyrick, 1931b: 182), Simaethis [new
combination]
mesolyma (Diakonoff, 1978a:27), Eutromula [new
combination]
melallica (Turner, 1898:202), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
minuta (Diakonoff and Arita, 1979a: 10), Eutromula
[new combination]
montana (Danilevsky and Kuznetsov, 1973:16),
Hemerophila [new combination]
nemorana (Hiibner, [17%-1799]: pi. 1: fig. 3), Tortrix
incisalis (Treitschke, 1829:157), Asopia
nemoranalis (Treitschke, 1829:158), Asopia [emen-
dation]
niphocrypta (Meyrick, 1930c:6), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
novarae Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6
obarata (Meyrick, 1921b: 184), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
ophiosema (Lower, 1896:167), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
optica (Meyrick, 1921b: 183), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
omaticomis (Walsingham, 19O0a:77), Simaethis [new
combination]
orthogona (Meyrick, 1886a:287), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
pariana (Clerck, 1759: pi. 10: fig. 9), [Phalaena]
lutosa (Haworth, [1811]:472), Anthophila
parialis (Treitschke, 1829:159), Asopia [emenda-
tion]
NUMBER 314 55
pariava[s\c] (Desmarest, 1849:330),Xylopoda[mis-
spelling]
parina [sic] (Procter, 1946:317), Anlhophila [mis-
spelling]
O parva (Pagenstecher, 1884:288), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O pelargodts (Meyrick, 1921b: 183), Simaethis [new
combination]
A periploca (Turner, 1913:210), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
O piepersiana (Snellen, 1885a: 19), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
E plectodes (Meyrick, 1921c: 111), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O plumbealis (Pagenstecher, 1884:288), Simaethis [new
combination]
A porphyratma (Meyrick, 1930c: 5), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O psilachyra (Meyrick, 1912a:47), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
A pyrrhoclista (Meyrick, 1922:486), Simaethis [new
combination]
E quincyella (Legrand, 1965:48), Anthophila [new com-
bination]
A,O regularis (Pagenstecher, 1884:288), Simaethis [new
combination]
O sandaracina (Meyrick, 1907a: 748), Simaethis [new
combination]
P sapporensis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1080), Simaethis
[new combination]
O semicincta (Meyrick, 1921b: 182), Simaethis [new
combination]
O sexfasciella (Sauber, 1902:702), Choreutidia
sexfassiella [sic] (Arita, 1976:115), Eutromula [mis-
spelling]
A simplex Diakonoff, 1955:29
E stereocrossa (Meyrick, 1921c: 110), Simaethis [new
combination]
O strepsidesma (Meyrick, 1912a:45), Simaethis [new
combination]
A,O streptatma Meyrick, 1938b:523
macropa (Diakonoff, 1948:204), Anthophila
O submarginalis (Walker, [1866]: 1286), Herbula [new
combination; not Herbula submarginalis Walker,
[1866]:1288(Pyralidae)]
multiferalis (Walker, [1866]: 1286), Herbula
sessilis (Pagenstecher, 1886:179), Simaethis
A sycopola (Meyrick, 1880:211), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O taprobanes (Zeller, 1877:178), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
P threnodes (Walsingham, 1910:257), Simaethis [new
combination]
O tigroides (Meyrick, 1921b: 181), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
A tomicodes (Meyrick, 1930c:5), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
A topitis (Durrant, 1915:167), Hemerophila [new com-
bination]
E torridula (Meyrick, 1926b: 304), Simaethis [new com-
bination]
O tricyanitis (Meyrick, 1925b:431), Simaethis [new
combination]
O trogalia (Meyrick, 1912a:43), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
E turilega (Meyrick, 1924:554), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
P vinosa (Diakonoff, 1978b:202), Eutromula [new com-
bination]
P v. discolor (Diakonoff and Arita, 1979a:29), Eutro-
mula [new combination]
O xanthogramma (Meyrick, 1912a:42), Simaethis [new
combination]
P yakushimensis (Marumo, 1923:198), Simaethis [new
combination]
Saptha Walker, 1864:1015 [S. divitiosa Walker, 1864]
Badera Walker, 1866:1819 [B. pretiosa Walker,
1866]
Chordates Snellen, 1877:49 [Simaethis pronubana
Snellen, 1877]
Choredates [sic] Pagenstecher, 1884:289 [misspell-
ing]
Saphtha [sic] Walsingham, 1900b:567 [misspell-
ing]
O aeolodoxa (Meyrick, 1928a:423), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
O angustistriata (Issiki, 1930:423), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
O beryllitis (Meyrick, 1910a:462), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
A chrysoprasitis (Meyrick, 1936a:617), Tortyra [new
combination]
O cypridia (Meyrick, 1910a:462), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
O divitiosa Walker, 1864:1015
prodigella (Walker, 1866:1820), Badera
nobilis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:3), Badera
striana (Snellen, 1885a: 17), Choregia
O elegans Walsingham, 1900b:567, Saphtha [sic]
A exanthista (Meyrick, 1910a:464), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
prodigella (Meyrick, 1907b: 100), Tortyra [not Bad-
era prodigella Walker, 1866]
A iridopa (Meyrick, 1907b:97), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
A libanota (Meyrick, 1910a:463), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
56 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
O macrospila (Diakonoff, [1968]:200), Tortyra [new
combination]
A paradelpha (Meyrick, 1907b:98), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
A prasochalca (Meyrick, 1907b:98), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
O pretiosa (Walker, 1866:1819), Badera [new combi-
nation]
basalts (Snellen, 1885a: 18), Choregia
fomwsana (Matsumura, 1931a: 1081), Tortyra
O pronubana (Snellen, 1877:48), Simaethis [new combi-
nation]
O smaragditis Meyrick, 1905:610
cenlrifuga (Meyrick, 1910a:463), Tortyra
A sybaritis (Meyrick, 1912a:37), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
A tabularia (Meyrick, 1912a:37), Tortyra [new combi-
nation]
Tortyra Walker, 1863a:510 [T. spectabilis Walker, 1863]
Choregia Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6 [C. ful-
gens Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875; not Choregia
Warren, 1899 (Geometridae)]
Choregia Zeller, 1877:191 [C. Julgens Felder and
Rogenhofer, 1875]
NL aenescens (Dognin, 1905:90), Choregia
NL argentifascia Walsingham, 1914:313
NL auriferalis Walker, 1863b:510
NL aurofasciana (Snellen, 1875:74), Simaethis
aurofasciata [sic] Wolcott, 1936:485 [misspelling]
NL cantharodes Meyrick, 1922:484
NL caracasiae Amsel, 1956:290
NL chalcobathra Meyrick, 1922:485
NL chalcodes Walsingham, 1914:312
NL cuprinella Busck, 1914b:57
NL ferratella Busck, 1914b:58
NL Julgens (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6), Choregia
NL hyalozona Meyrick, 1912a:38
NL ignita (Zeller, 1877:195), Choregia
NL malacozona Meyrick, 1922:485
NL orphnophanes Meyrick, 1932c:275
NL rhodochlaena Meyrick, 1930c:5
N slossonia (Fernald, 1900:244), Walsinghamia
NL spectabilis Walker, 1863b:510
NL sporodelta Meyrick, 1922:485
NL violacea (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6), Choregia
NL vividis Busck, [1934]: 185
Hemerophila Hiibner, [1817]: pi. 213: fig. 1 [Phalaena (Tortrix)
albertiana Cramer, 1781; not Hemerophila Ste-
phens, 1829 (Geometridae)]
Gauris Hi ibner , 1821 :[1] [Phalaena [Tortrix) alber-
tiana Cramer, 1781]
Walsinghamia Riley, 1889:157 [W. diva Riley,
1889]
Guans [sic] Fernald, 1900:236 [misspelling]
NL albertiana (Cramer, 1781:163), Phalaena (Tortrix)
siphana (Sepp, [1832-1840]: 139), Phalaena
zebra (Walker, [1858]: 774), Agrophila
NL arcigera (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:10), Gauris
NL biferana (Walker, 1863b:418), Gauris
NL bigerana (Walker, 1863b:419), Gauris
lacunaris (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:10),
Gauris
NL canofusana (Walker, 1863b:419), Gauris
NL chonca (Meyrick, 1926b: 302), Tortyra
NL cinctipes (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:10), Gauris
variety isthmia Walsingham, 1914:318
NL contrariana (Walker, 1863b:420), Gauris
NL contubemalis (Zeller, 1877:175), Simaethis
N diva (Riley, 1889:158), Walsinghamia
N,NL dyari Busck, 1900:242
NL felis Walsingham, 1914:315
NL gradella Walsingham, 1914:316
NL houttuinialis (Cramer, 1782:192), Phalaena (Pyralis)
houttuynnialis (Verloren, 1837:143), Botys [emen-
dation]
pulsana (Walker, 1863b:417), Gauris
houttuinalis [sic] (Zeller, 1877:182), Simaethis [mis-
spelling]
huituinalis [sic] Busck, 1914b:56 [misspelling]
houttuynialis Walsingham, 1914:315 [emendation]
NL immarginata Walsingham, 1914:317
NL laciniosella Busck, 1914b:44
NL meratella Busck, 1914b:55
NL milliaria (Meyrick, 1922:486), Simaethis
NL musicosema (Meyrick, 1926b: 305), Simaethis
NL ophiodesma (Meyrick, 1915b:216), Simaethis
NL orinympka (Meyrick, 1926b: 304), Simaethis
NL rimulalis (Zeller, 1875:321), Simaethis
NL scenophora (Meyrick, 1922:486), Simaethis
NL triacmias (Meyrick, 1926b:304), Simaethis
NL tristis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:10), Gauris
NL velatana (Walker, 1863b:420), Gauris
NL xutholopa Walsingham, 1914:318
Zodia Heppner, 1979b:685 [Simaethis plutusana Walker, 1863]
NL chtysosperma (Meyrick, 1931b: 183), Brenthia
NL ochripalpis (Meyrick, 1920a:335), Brenthia
NL plutusana (Walker, 1863b:453), Simaethis
aeneigutta (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:6), Cho-
reutis
plutana (Meyrick, 1913a:37), Simaethis [emenda-
tion]
NL rutilella (Walker, 1863b:453), Simaethis
NL scintillana (Walker, 1863b:454), Simaethis
Melanoxena Dognin, 1910:121 [M. falsissima Dognin, 1910]
NL falsissima Dognin, 1910:122
Rhobonda Walker, 1863b:424 [R. gaurisana Walker, 1863]
NUMBER 314 57
NL gaurisana Walker, 1863b:425
gaundana Meyrick, 1913a:34 [emendation]
NL heliaspis (Meyrick, 1926b:303), Tortyra [new com-
bination]
O palaeocosma (Meyrick, 1926b: 303), Tortyra [new
combination]
Taxa Excluded from Choreutidae
1. Genus hereby transferred to Oecophoridae
(Stenomatinae):
Lygronoma Meyrick, 1913b: 100 [L. sporimaea Meyrick, 1913]
NL sporimaea Meyrick, 1913b: 100
2. Species excluded to Oecophoridae (Stenoma-
tinae) (transferred by Heppner, 1977b):
NL "Brenthia" cyanastra Meyrick, 1909a:40 [unplaced]
NL "Hilarographa" fassliana Dognin, 1913:417 [un-
placed]
NL Setiostoma albipes (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:18),
Simaethis [new combination]
3. Genus hereby transferred to Oecophoridae
(Xyloryctinae):
Symphorostola Meyrick, 1927c:376 [S. encomias Meyrick, 1927]
O encomias Meyrick, 1927c:376
4. Species hereby transferred to Gelechiidae:
NL "Simaethis" chalybea Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875:
18 [unplaced]
5. Species excluded to Glyphipterigidae (trans-
ferred by Heppner, 1977b):
NL Cronicombra lamella (Busck, 1914b:59), Porpe
6. Genus hereby transferred to Yponomeutidae:
Iridostoma Meyrick, 1909b:425 [T. ichthyopa Meyrick, 1909]
O ichthyopa Meyrick, 1909b:425
7. Species excluded to Tortricidae (Hilarogra-
phini) (transferred by Diakonoff, 1977):
P Mictocommosis nigromaculata (Issiki, 1930:423), Simae-
this
takaonis (Matsumura, 1931a: 1081), Anthophila
8. Species previously excluded to Pyralidae:
P Simaethis [sic] leechi Caradja, 1926:373 (= Simaethis-
tis leechi R. South, 1901)
P "Choreutis" pentacyba Meyrick, 1926c: 110 [unplaced
in Odontiinae]
9. Species previously excluded to Noctuidae
(Acontiinae):
P Ozarba lascivalis (Lederer, 1855:233), Choreutis
Genera recently transferred to Tortricidae
(Chlidanotinae: Hilarographini) include Hilaro-
grapha, Idiothauma, Mictopsichia, Thaumatographa,
and the new genera Mictocommosis, Nexosa, and
Embolostoma (Diakonoff, 1977; Heppner, 1978).
The genus Irianassa also belongs to the Hilarogra-
phini. Genera once included as the subfamily
Hypertrophinae of Choreutidae are now in Oec-
ophoridae (Common, 1970). In addition to genera
transferred to Glyphipterigidae (sensu stricto),
notes on the family position of other genera as-
sociated with the choreutids, formerly in Glyphip-
terigidae (auctorum), and not mentioned here
will be given in the generic catalog elucidating
these names (Heppner, in prep., a).
Addendum
Following corrections of proofs of this paper, information was made avail-
able (D. S. Fletcher, pers. comm.) regarding the unavailability of a type-
species designation being used for the genus Choreutis Hiibner. It was pointed
out that the earliest valid type-species designation for Choreutis was that of
Walsingham (1908:987) using Phalaena pariana Clerck, instead of the species
usually referred to this genus, Pyralis myllerana Fabricius. The result of this
change requires the transfer of Choreutis Hiibner, 1825, to a group of species
up to now referred to Eutromula Frolich, 1828, with the latter genus becoming
a junior objective synonym of Choreutis. The species formerly referred to
Choreutis, in addition, require a new generic name. Inasmuch as voting
procedures at the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
58 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
apparently would preclude a decision to retain Choreutis and Eutromula in their
present sense (as much as this would seem to be the more logical choice to
prevent further confusion in the family), the following new generic name is
proposed for species until recently referred to Choreutis Hiibner.
Prochoreutis Heppner, new name
Choreutis of authors [not Choreutis Hiibner, 1825].
TYPE-SPECIES.?Pyralis myllerana Fabricius, 1794:377.
DIAGNOSIS.?Adults small (forewing lengths of 4-7.5 mm); labial palpus
upcurved, with scale tuft ventrally on segment 2; forewing with pterostigma;
costal and dorsal margins convex, and apex acute; Sc to margin at \ distance
to apex; R1-R4 to costal margin; R5 to termen; R3 and R4, and R5 and Ml
convergent at end of cell; M3 free to CuAl; CuAl and CuA2 nearly parallel,
then divergent at termen; CuP present at tornus; A1+A2 with long basal
stalk; hindwing Sc+Rl to near apex, Rs to apex, Ml to termen, M3 short-
stalked with CuAl, and cubital veins nearly parallel, with CuP present at
tornus; male genitalia with uncus absent, socius large around anal tube,
gnathos absent, valva usually simple with setal fields and spines, aedeagus
with phallobase, and cornuti with serrations; female genitalia with unspecial-
ized ovipositor, ostium usually a simple cup shape on posterior edge of genital
plate of sternite 7 (rarely on sternite), ductus bursae often partially or fully
sclerotized, bursa copulatrix usually a simple ovate shape, and signum usually
an invaginated spicule line, patch, or thorns.
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Figures 2-107
86 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
)
5
FIGURES 2-7.?Brachodidae adults: 2, Brachodes appendiculatus (Esper), male (20 mm wingspread,
Hungary); 3, B. appendiculatus, female (14 mm wingspread, Hungary); 4, Miscera resumptana
Walker, male (13.5 mm wingspread, Australia); 5, Synechodes coniophora Turner, male (16.5 mm
wingspread, Australia); 6, Sagalassa valida Walker, male (14 mm wingspread, Guyana); 7,
Phycodes radiala (Ochsenheimer), female (22 mm wingspread, Sri Lanka).
NUMBER M4 87
FIGURES 8-13.?Sesiidae adults: 8, Zenodoxus palmii (Neumoegen), male (24 mm wingspread,
Washington, USA); 9, Paranthrene asilipenms (Boisduval), male (32 mm wingspread, New York,
USA); 10, Euhagena nebraskae H. Edwards, male (28 mm wingspread, Colorado, USA); 11,
Melittia glorwsa H. Edwards, male (45 mm wingspread, Oregon, USA); 12, Sesia apiformis
(Clerck), male (37 mm wingspread, Germany); 13, Alcathoe carolinensis Engelhardt, male (33
mm wingspread, Texas, USA).
88 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
15
FIGURES 14-19.?Choreutidae adults: 14, Brenthia pavonacella Clemens, male (9 mm wingspread,
Ohio, USA); 15, Prochoreutis injlatella (Clemens), male (10.5 mm wingspread, Ohio, USA); 16,
Caloreas apocynoglossa (Heppner), female (13 mm wingspread, California, USA); 17, Choreutis
pariana (Hiibner), female (14 mm wingspread, Oregon, USA); 18, Saptha divitiosa Walker, female
(19 mm wingspread, Taiwan); 19, Hemerophila diva (Riley), male (13 mm wingspread, Florida,
USA).
NUMBER 314 89
FIGURES 20-23.?Head morphology of Brachodidae: 20, Brachodes appendiculatus (Esper), male,
head profile (X 33, scale line = 1 mm, slide USNM 77332, Austria); 21, antenna detail (X 130,
scale line = 0.5 mm); 22, haustellum base (X 185, scale line = 0.1 mm); 23, ocellus (X 330, scale
line = 0.1 mm).
90 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURES 24-27.?Head morphology of Brachodidae: 24, Phycodes radiata (Ochsenheimer), male,
head profile (X 50, slide USNM 77328, India); 25, antenna detail (X 345, scale line = 0.1 mm);
26, ocellus (X 315, scale line = 0.1 mm); 27, haustellum base (X 172, scale line = 0.1 mm).
NUMBER 314 91
FIGURES 28-31.?Head morphology of Sesiidae: 28, Synanthedon exitiosa (Say), female, head
profile (X 35, slide USNM 77701, Georgia, USA); 29, ocellus (X 145); 30, haustellum base (X
145); 31, chaetosema detail (X 1450). (Micrographs reduced to 95%).
92 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURES 32-35.?Head morphology of Choreutidae: 32, Caloreas apocynoglossa (Heppner), male,
head profile (X 69, scale line = 1 mm, slide USNM 77329, California, USA); 33, antenna detail
(X 345, scale line = 0.1 mm); 34, ocellus (X 515, scale line = 0.05 mm); 35, haustellum base
(X 455, scale line = 0.05 mm).
NUMBER 314 93
FIGURES 36-39.?Head morphology of Choreutidae: 36, Hemerophila albertiana (Cramer), male,
head profile (X 73, scale line = 1 mm, slide USNM 77325, Venezuela); 37, antenna detail (X
295, scale line = 0.1 mm); 38, ocellus (X 525, scale line = 0.1 mm); 39, haustellum base (X 405,'
scale line = 0.1 mm).
94 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
42
FIGURES 40-44.?Morphology of Brachodidae: 40, Brachodes appendiculatus (Esper), female,
frontal view of head (slide USNM 77705, Europe); 41, detail of maxillary palpus; 42, wing
venation (slide USNM 77548, Europe); 43, Sagalassa valida Walker, wing venation (slide USNM
77554, Panama); 44, Phycodes radiala (Ochsenheimer), wing venation (slide USNM 77633,
India).
NUMBER 314 95
FIGURES 45-49.?Morphology of Brachodidae: 45, Brachodes appendiculatus (Esper), male, geni-
talia (slide USNM 77545, Algeria); 46, aedeagus; 47, female, genitalia (slide USNM 77545,
Algeria); 48, Sagalassa valida Walker, male, genitalia with aedeagus in situ (slide USNM 77593,
Panama); 49, female, genitalia (slide USNM 77593, Panama).
96 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
53
54
55
FIGURES 50-55.?Morphology of Sesiidae: 50, Paranthrene robiniae (H. Edwards) male, frontal
view of head (slide USNM 75777, California, USA); 51, detail of maxillary palpus; 52,
schematic cross-section of wing attachment mechanism of Sesiidae; 53, Podosesia synngae (Harris),
wing venation; 54, male bipectinate-clavate antennal type (Sesiinae); 55, male fasciculate-
filiform antennal type (Tinthiinae).
NUMBER 314 97
61
FIGURES 56-62.?Morphology of Sesiidae: 56, Penniselia hylaeiformis (Laspeyres), male, genitaiia
(slide USNM 75829, New York, USA); 57, aedeagus; 58, Synanthedon bolten (H. Edwards), male,
genitaiia (slide USNM 75688, Connecticut, USA); 59, aedeagus; 60, Paranthrene tabaniformis
(Rottemburg), male, genitaiia (slide USNM 75771, New York, USA); 61, aedeagus; 62,
Synanthedon saxifragae (H. Edwards), female, genitaiia (slide USNM 75703, Colorado, USA).
98 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
65
FIGURES 63-68.?Morphology of Choreutidae: 63, Tebenna bjerkandrella (Thunberg) male, frontal
view of head (slide USNM 77702, Europe); 64, detail of maxillary palpus; 65, Brenthia pavonacella
Clemens, male, genitalia (slide USNM 77089, New York, USA); 66, aedeagus; 67, female,
genitalia (slide USNM 77292, Ohio, USA); 68, Caloreas apocynoglossa (Heppner) male, wing
venation (slide JBH 109, California, USA).
N U M B E R 314 99
72
71
FIGURES 69-74.?Morphology of Choreutidae: 69, Prochoreutis injlatella (Clemens), male, genitalia
(slide JBH 1240, Missouri, USA); 70, aedeagus (slide JBH 1235, Florida, USA); 71, female,
genitalia (slide USNM 77739, Iowa, USA); 72, Tortyra slossonia (Fernald), male, genitalia (slide
USNM 77093, Florida, USA); 73, aedeagus; 74, female, genitalia (slide JBH 171, Florida,
USA).
100 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
77
83
FIGURES 75-83.?Larval morphology of Brachodidae: 75, Sagalassa valida Walker, last instar
chaetotaxy (slide USNM 77730, Panama); 76, head (lateral view); 77, head (frontal view); 78,
crochet pattern; 79, terminal abdominal segments (dorsum); 80, labrum (dorsal view); 81,
labrum (ventral view); 82, left mandible (ventral view); 83, submentum (ventral view). (Scale
lines = 0.5 mm).
NUMBER 314 101
86
92
FIGURES 84-92.?Larval morphology of Sesiidae: 84, Paranthrene robimae (H. Edwards), last
instar chaetotaxy (slide USNM 77794, Arizona, USA); 85, head (lateral view); 86, head (frontal
view); 87, crochet pattern; 88, terminal abdominal segments (dorsum); 89, labrum (dorsal
view); 90, labrum (ventral view); 91, left mandible (ventral view); 92, submentum (ventral
view). (Scale lines = 0.5 mm).
102 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
93
95
101
FIGURES 93-101.?Larval morphology of Choreutidae: 93, Prochoreutis inflatella (Clemens), last
instar chaetotaxy (slide JBH 1396, Florida, USA); 94, head (lateral view); 95, .head (frontal
view); 96, proleg and crochet pattern; 97, terminal abdominal segments (dorsum); 98, labrum
(dorsal view); 99, labrum (ventral view); 100, left mandible (ventral view); 101, submentum
(ventral view). (Scale lines ? 0.2 mm).
NUMBER 314 103
102 104
103
FIGURES 102-107.?Pupal morphology of Sesioidea: 102, Brachodidae: Miscera triphaenoides
(Butler) male, lateral view (15 mm length, Chile); 103, ventral view; 104, Sesiidae: Paranthrtne
robiniae (H. Edwards) male, lateral view (18 mm length, Washington, USA); 105, ventral view;
106, Choreutidae: Hemerophila diva (Riley) male, lateral view (8 mm length, Florida, USA); 107,
ventral view. (Scale lines = 2 mm).
Index to Checklists
(Invalid taxa in italics)
abdominalis, Lophoceps, 42
abhasica, Anthophila, 50
abiaeformis, Toleria, 28
abnormis, Sesiomorpha, 15
abstitella, Simaethis, 53
abyssiniensis, Melittia, 26
a-caeruleum [sic], Simaethis, 54
Acalthoe[sic], 38
cordata, 38
acericolum, Trochilium, 29
acerni, Synanthedon, 29
acerni, Trochilium, 29
acerrubri, Synanthedon, 29
achillae, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
achillaeae [sic], Synanthedon, 33
achyrodes, Choreutis, 53
achyrodes, Simaethis, 53
Aclytia buprestoides, 14
acmogramma, Brenthia, 49
a-coeruleum, Simaethis. 54
acosmetes, Melittia, 26
Acrobasis cryptoleucella, 14
adelpha, Chamaesphecia, 34
Adixoa, 42
alterna, 42
soror, 42
tomentosa, 42
Adixoa auricollis, 23
cruentata, 43
Adixoana, 42
auripyga, 42
adjectella, Nigilgia, 15
admiranda, Sciaptemn, 24
admiranda, Vitacea, 24
admirantus [sic], Paranthrene, 24
Aegenia [sic], 27
Aegeria, 27
aemula, 33
aequalis, 29
aericincta, 29
agathiformis, 28
agriliformis, 35
albicornis, 29
albocingulata, 30
alenicola, 42
alterna, 42
anomaliformis, 29
anonyma, 28
apicalis, 29
armasata, 38
astyarcha, 29
aulograpta, 29
aurantiibasis, 40
aurata, 35
aureola, 29
aureopurpura, 38
auriplena, 29
fowa/u, 29
bassiformis, 38
fe/ta, 43
bicincta, 23
blaciformis, 29
AB//I, 38
fo/fen, 29
brunneipennis, 33
buprestiformis, 29
caflischi [sic], 28
caieta, 38
candescens, 28
caudata, 38
ceraca, 29
cerceriformis, 29
????, 29
ceropaliformis, 29
chalybea, 30
cAra, 30
chlorothyris, 30
chrysonympha, 30
chrysoptera, 30
?/n<ra, 30
cladiiformis, 30
clavicornis, 30
consimilis, 38
OM7II, 3 8
corporalis, 30
corusca, 33
critheis, 40
croesiformis, 30
cryptica, 30
cryptiformis, 35
cucurbitae, 26
cupreipennis, 22
cyanopasta, 35
cyanospira, 30
danubica, 30
deceptiva, 38
deceplura, 30
decipiens, 30
<fci>ya, 39
denudatum, 37
dinetiformis, 30
dolenformis, 42
afym, 28
edwardsii, 38
elymais, 41
ernphytiformis, 25
empmaeformis, 135
erythrogama, 30
eupatorii, 38
exitwsa, 29, 30
exitissa [sic], 30
exochiformis, 31
fasciculipes, 31
./ifcAii, 30
/7<JMJ, 31,32
flavicaudata, 31
flavipes, 41
fulvipes, 31
gaderensis, 31
gaudens, 41
geliformis, 31
?i'/ia*, 38
gloriosa, 28
glyptaeformis, 31
?ra?j, 21, 22
guatemalena, 31
guineabia, 31
hadassa, 31
Aoo?, 31
halmyris, 31
harti,3\
hector, 31
Ada, 31
A<-/?ja, 31
hemizoniae, 29
henshawii, 33
hermione, 31
hilariformis, 41
hippolyte, 31
hispides, 31
howqua, 31
104
NUMBER 314 105
hylotomiformis, 24, 25
hyperia, 33
imitata, 38
imperfecta, 30
impropria, 29
incognita, 28
infirma, 38
inusitata, 32
ischniformis, 31
ittwfeto, 33
/a;ta, 31
laticivora, 31
leiaeformis, 22
leptomorpha, 31
/cran/Ai, 32
/?/>!?!, 29
madariae, 29
mardia, 32
marisa, 42
melanoformis, 28
mW/j, 32
mercatrix, 32
mesochoriformis, 32
mimuli, 38
7w<x/?ta, 32, 33
molybdoceps, 28
monogama, 32
monozona, 32
montelli, 28
morula, 38
muscinaeformis, 34
myrmosaepennis, 32
nautica, 32
neglecta, 29
nicotianae, 30
nofo/u, 25
novaroensis, 32
oberthueri, 28
oberthiiri, 28
ochracea, 41
odyneripennis, 21
omphala, 45
opalescens, 30
opiiformis, 32
ovinia, 40
/>a//?j<?, 3 8
panisciformis, 32
panurgiformis, 32
panyasis, 38
peltastiformis, 32
peltata, 32
pensilis, 32
perplexa, 29
peruviana, 30
phasiaeformis, "hi
pictipes, 32
/HIM, 32
pinorum, 33
pipiziformis, 32
pistarcha, 32
pittheis, 32
platyuriformis, 32
pleciaeformis, 21
plectisciformis, 32
plumipes, 40
polistiformis, 24
porizoni/ormis, 33
praestans, 32
producta, 33
proserpina, 33
prosopis, 38
proximo, 33
pulchripennis, 33
pyralidiformis, 37, 38
pyramidalis, 24, 25
/>yn, 33
pyrodisca, 33
pyrostoma, 33
/>7*AM, 24
querci, 38
quercis [sic], 38
quinquecaudata, 37
rangoonensis, 24
refulgens, 33
rhodani, 28
rWia, 33
rhypaeformis [sic], 33
rhyssaeformis, 33
rufti, 21
rubofascia [sic], 33
rubripalpis, 33
rubrtstigma, 30
rubrofascia, 33
ru/a, 33
ruficauda, 25
ruficaudis, 33
ruficrista, 43
sangaica, 28
santanna, 33
sapygaeformis, 28, 33
saxifragae, 33
schwarzi, 33
sciophilaeformis, 33
scitula, 33
sellustiformis, 33
seneciodes, 32
5?rta, 33
sexfasciata, 38
simois, 33
sophax, 41
stenothyris, 33
syringae, 37
tabogana, 33
taylori, 42
tota, 38
/??UJ.J, 34
tetranoma, 34
<*r?a, 41
triancta, 24, 32
tricincta, 32
trithyris, 34
tryphoniformis, 34
unicolor, 41
uranauges, 34
vassei, 34
ventralis, 34
verecunda, 38
washingtonia, 29
whitelyi, 34
yezoensis, 28
aegerides, Chimaerosphecia, 42
Aegerina, 40
allotriochora, 40
alomyaeformis, 40
mesostenos, 40
ovinia, 40
vignae, 40
aegerioides, Balataea, 45
aegerioides, Burlacena, 15
Aegerosphecia, 41
calliptera, 41
cyanea, 42
fasciata, 42
fulviventris, 42
mysolica, 42
Aegina [sic], 27
aegyptiaca, Choreutis, 53
aegypliaca, Simaethis, 53
aemula, Aegeria, 33
aenea, Aenigmina, 42
aeneiceps, Eretmocera, 44
aeneigutta, Choreutis, 56
aenescens, Choregia, 56
aenescens, Melittia, 27
aenescens, Tortyra, 56
Aenigmina, 42
aenea, 42
Aenigmina latimargo, 42
aeolodoxa, Saptha, 55
aeolodoxa, Tortyra, 55
aequalis, Aegeria, 29
aequalis, Gora, 14
aequalis, Sagalassa, 14
aequalis, Synanthedon, 29
aericincta, Aegeria, 29
106 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
aericincta, Synanthedon, 29
aerifrons, Chamaesphecia, 34
aerifrons, Sesia, 34
aerosa, Synanthedon, 29
aestivata, Chamaesphecia, 34
aetemalis [sic], Simaethis, 50
aethiopica, Chamaesphecia, 30
aethiopica, Melittia, 26
Aethria leucaspis, 45
affirm, Chamaesphecia, 34
affinis, Paranthrene, 23
ajfinis, Sesia, 34
africana, AI buna, 23
africana, Macrotarsipus, 43
africana, Paranthrene, 23
africana, Sesia, 43
agalmatopa, Choreutis, 52
agalmatopa, Tebenna, 52
agathiformis, Aegeria, 28
agathiformis, Sesia, 28
agdistiformis, Sesia, 37
agdistiformis, Weismanniola, 37
agelasta, Choreutis, 52
agelasta, Tebenna, 52
agnes, Sesia, 36
agriliformis, Aegeria, 35
Agriomelissa, 42
gypsospora, 42
Agrophila zebra, 56
aicha, Pyropteron, 37
alaica, Bembecia, 39
alaica, Dipsosphecia, 39
albanensis, Sesia, 28
albanica, Sesia, 29
albanica, Synanthedon, 29
albert iana, Hemerophila, 56
albertiana, Phalaena (Tortrix), 56
albicalcarata, Sesia, 29
albicalcarata, Synanthedon, 29
albiciliatus, Atractoceros, 14
albiciliatus, Alychia, 14
albicincta, Chamanthedon, 40
albicincta, Homogyna, 43
albicoma, Bembecia, 21
albicornis, Aegeria, 29
albicornis, Synanthedon, 29
albifascialis, Simaethis, 53
albifasciata, Asterivora, 53
albifasciata, Simaethis, 53
albifrons, Episannina, 41
albifrons, Lepidopoda, 41
albifrons, Paranthrene, 23
albimaculana, Brenthia, 49
albimaculana, Simaethis, 49
albipes, Setiostoma, 57
albipes, Simaethis, 57
albipunclalis, Choreutes [sic), 51
albipunctatus [sic], Macrotarsipus, 43
albipunctus, Macrotarsipus, 43
albitogata, Phycodes, 14
albiventris, Chamaesphecia, 34
albiventris, Ichneumenoptera, 31
albiventris, Sesia, 29, 31
albiventris, Sesia, 29, 34
albociliata, Carmenta, 38
albociliata, Synanthedon, 38
albocingulata, Synanthedon, 30
albomaculata, Hymenosphecia, 43
albotarsata, Sesia, 35
Albuna, 24
carulifera, 24
fraxini, 25
isozona, 25
obertheuri, 25
pyramidalis, 25
zoniota, 25
Albuna africana, 23
artemisiae, 32
beutenmuelleri, 25
beutenmulleri, 25
coloradensis, 25
denotata, 24
dybowskii, 23
modesta, 33
montana, 25
morrisonii [sic], 25
respendens, 33
rileyana, 33
rutilans, 29
tanaceti, 25
torva, 25
vancouverensis, 25
vitrina, 38
vitriosa, 25
zonionota [sic], 25
Alcathoe, 38
altera, 38
carolinensis, 38
caudata, 38
korites, 38
leucopyga, 38
melini, 38
pepsioides, 38
verrugo, 38
Alcathoe annettella, 38
atra, 38
autumnalis, 38
corvinus, 38
ferrugata, 38
walkeri, 38
Alcothoe [sic], 38
alenica, Synanthedon, 29
alemca, Trochilium, 29
alemcola, Aegeria, 42
alenicola, Lophoceps, 42
algenensis, Sesia, 39
alginca [sic], Diplosphecia [sic], 39
allantiformis, Sesia, 36
allantiformis, Trochilium, 35, 36
alleri, Synanthedon, 29
alien, Thamnosphecia, 29
alliciens, Choreutis, 52
alliciens, Tebenna, 52
Allonomyta [sic], 53
Allononyma, 53
Allonyma [sic], 53
allothochora, Aegerina, 40
alluaudi, Homogyna, 43
almana, Chamaesphecia, 34
almana, Sesia, 34
almohades, Synanthedon, 30
alomyaeformis, Aegerina, 40
Alonina, 42
difformis, 42
longipes, 42
rygchiiformis, 42
Alonina rhynchiformis, 42
rhynchiiformis, 42
rygchiformis [sic], 42
alopecura, Sincara, 25
alpina, Choreutis, 51
alpina, Prochoreutis, 51
alpinella, Anthophila, 50
alpinella, Hemerophila, 50
altera, Alcathoe, 38
alterna, Adixoa, 42
alterna, Aegeria, 42
altemalis, Asopia, 50
alyoniformis [sic], Sesia, 34
alysaeformis, Sesia, 36
alysoniformis, Chamaesphecia, 34
alysoniformis, Sesia, 34
amalleuta, Oligophlebia, 42
amasina, Sesia, 33
amatana, Brenthia, 49
amatana, Simaethis, 49
ambigua, Melittia, 24
ambigua, Miscera, 14
ambigua, Sagalassa, 14
amblyphaea, Melittia, 26
amboinensis, Melittia, 26
ambrensis, Microsynanthedon, 42
americana, Sesia, 30
amethystodes, Choreutis, 53
amethystodes, Simaethis, 53
NUMBER 314 107
amoena, Melittia, 26
amorpha, Chamanthedon, 40
ampelopsis, Cissuvora, 22
amphicarpeoeana, Microaethia, 49, 50
Amphisa luridana, 54
Amphithales, 42
episcopopa, 42
ampla, Miscera, 14
ampla, Sagalassa, 14
amygdaloidis, Chamaesphecia, 36
analoga, Asterivora, 53
analoga, Simaethis, 53
anatolica, Chamaesphecia, 34
Anaudia, 42
felderi, 42
Anaudia, 43
felderi, 43
andalusica, Pyropleron, 35
andamana, Paranthrene, 24
andraemformis [sic], Melittia, 42
andraeniformis [sic], Sesia, 29
andraenipennis, Melittia, 42
andraenipennis, Pseudomelittia, 42
andrenaeformis, Sesia, 29
andrenaeformis, Synanthedon, 29
andreniformis [sic], Sesia, 29
andrepiclera, Lepidopoda, 40
andrepictera [sic], Lepidopoda, 40
andrepictura, Lepidopoda, 40
androchroma, Pyropteron, 35
androgyna, Miscera, 14
anellata [sic], Sesia, 34
angarides [sic], Conopia, 29
angarodes, Sesia, 29
angarodes, Synanthedon, 29
angulosa, Anlhophila, 53
angulosa, Choreutis, 53
angustana, Tortrix, 51
angustistriata, Saptha, 55
angustistriata, Tortyra, 55
ammosa, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
anisopa, Brenthia, 49
anisozona, Sesia, 29
anisozona, Synanthedon, 29
ankaratralis, Malgassesia, 42
annellata, Chamaesphecia, 34
annellata, Sesia, 34
annettella, Alcathoe, 38
annulifera, Paranthrene, 24
anomala, Penmsetia, 21
anomaliformis, Aegeria, 29
anomaliformis, Synanthedon, 29
anonyma, Aegeria, 28
anlhedoniformis, Melittia, 25, 26
anthomera, Atychia, 14
Anthophila, 50
abhasica, 50
alpinella, 50
armata, 50
brachymorpha, 50
colchica, 50
decolorana, 50
dischides, 50
fabriciana, 50
filipjevi, 50
halimora, 50
oreina, 50
Anthophila angulosa, 53
fabricii, 50
lutosa, 54
macropa, 55
mytleri, 51
oxyacanthae, 50
parina [sic], 55
punctosa, 52
quincyella, 55
superba, 50
takaonis, 57
anthorma, Choreutis, 53
anlhorma, Simaethis, 53
anthracias, Chamaesphecia, 34
anthracias, Pyropteron, 39
anthraciformis, Chamaesphecia, 34
anthraciformis, Sesia, 34
anthraciformis [sic], Sphinx, 29
anthraciniformis, Sphinx, 29
anthracipennis, Carmenta, 38
anthracipennis, Sesia, 38
anthrax, Chamaesphecia, 35
anthrax, Paranthrene, 23
Anthrenoptera, 21
antichlora, Choreutis, 53
antichlora, Simaethis, 53
antigama, Trichocerota, 22
antigrapha, Asterivora, 53
antigrapha, Simaethis, 53
antiphanopa, Tyrictaca, 44
antiptila, Choreutis, 53
Antophila [sic], 50
Anypoptus, 44
tricolor, 44
apache, Carmenta, 38
apicalis, Aegeria, 29
apicalis, Synanthedon, 29
apicalis, Tyrictaca, 44
apiformis, Sesia, 28
apiformts, Sphinx, 27, 28
/I/HJ per ska, 30
apocynoglossa, Caloreas, 52
apocynoglossa, Choreutis, 52
appendiculata, Sphinx, 13
appendiculatus, Brachodes, 13
apyra, Dipsosphecia, 40
Arauzona, 44
basalis, 44
moorei, 44
arcangeli [sic], Melittia, 26
arcangelii, Melittia, 26
arcigera, Gauris, 56
arcigera, Hemerophila, 56
arctica, Sesia, 29
arctica, Synanthedon, 29
ardens, Brenthia, 49
argenti fascia, Tortyra, 56
argentifrons, Tirista, 25
argoxantha, Choreutis, 53
argoxantha, Simaethis, 53
argyrastra, Choreutis, 51
argyrastra, Prochoreutis, 51
argyrota, Choreutis, 51
argyrota, Prochoreutis, 51
argyroxantha, Brenthia, 49
argyroxantha, Choreutis, 49
arisema, Choreutis, 51
arisema, Prochoreutis, 51
aristura, Tipulamima, 41
aristura, Tipulomima [sic], 41
arizonae, Carmenta, 38
arizonae, Sesia, 38
arizonensis, Gaea, 29
arizonensis, Synanthedon, 29
arkansasensis, Synanthedon, 29
armasata, Aegeria, 38
armasata, Carmenta, 38
armata, Anthophila, 50
armeniaca, Chamaesphecia, 35
armeniaca, Sesia, 35
armoricana, Sesia, 40
arrecta, Melittia, 26
artemisiae, Albuna, 32
asamaensis, Sesia, 28
asamaensis, Sphecia, 28
asamaiensis [sic], Sphecia, 28
Aschistophleps, 43
lampropoda, 43
metachryseis, 43
ruficrista, 43
Aschistophleps haematochrodes, 43
melissoides, 43
metachrysis [sic] 43
asellana [sic], Sesia, 34
aselliformis, Sesia, 22
asema, Synanthedon, 29
ashtaroth, Lenyra, 43
ashtaroth, Trochilium, 43
108 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
asiatica, Melittia, 26
asiliformis, Sphinx, 23, 24
asilipennis, Paranthrene, 23
asilipennis, Sesia, 23
Asopia altemalis, 50
dentanalis, 50
incisalis, 53, 54
nemoranalis, 54
pariahs, 54
aspetura, Pseudalcathoe, 41
astatiformis, Sesia, 37
astarte, Melittia, 26
astarte, Trochilium, 26
Asterivora, 53
analoga, 53
antigrapha, 53
barbigera, 53
chatuidea, 53
colpota, 53
combinatana, 53
exocha, 53
fasciata, 53
homotypa, 53
inspoliata, 53
iochondra, 53
lampadias, 53
marmarea, 53
microlitha, 53
ministra, 53
nivescens, 53
oleariae, 53
symbolaea, 53
tillyardi, 53
tristis, 53
urbana, 53
zomeuta, 53
Asterophaga, 53
astragali, Sesia, 29
astragali, Synanthedon, 29
astyages, Dipsosphecia, 40
astyarcha, Algeria, 29
astyarcha, Synanthedon, 29
asyliformis, Rectala, 21
atavus, Synanthedon, 30
atcinsoni, Paranthrene, 23
aterea, Sphecosesia, 44
athaliaeformis, Sesia, 40
athmodesma [sic], Choreutis, 51
atkinsoni, Paranthrene, 23
atkinsoni, Pramila, 23
atlantica, Dipsosphecia, 40
atlantis, Chamaesphecia, 35
atmodesma, Choreutis, 51
atmodesma, Peotyle, 51
atra, Alcathoe, 38
atra, Melanosphecia, 43
Atractoceros, 14
albiciliatus, 14
xanthoprocta, 14
atramentaria, Chamaesphecia, 35
atrosignata, Choreutis, 53
atrosignata, Simaethis, 53
atrox, Choreutis, 51
atrox, Prochoreutis, 51
Atychia, 13
albiciliatus, 14
anthomera, 14
beryti, 13
candefactus, 13
caradjae, 13
compar, 13
confinis, 13
desmotoma, 14
diabolus, 14
diacona, 13
dispar, 13
episcota, 14
exilis, 13
fallax, 13
fasciatus, 13
Jlavescens, 13
formosus, 13
gaditana, 13
infandus, 13
keredjella, 13
, 13
t/a, 13
mediterranea, 13
mesochrysa, 14
mesopotamicus, 13
metaspilus, 13
minutulus, 13
monotonus, 13
nana, 13
nanetta, 13
nycteropis, 13
orientalis, 13
powelli, 13
/ntfi//a, 13
quaerula [sic], 14
querula, 14
quiris, 14
radiatus, 14
radiolatus, 14
row, 14
rasata, 14
rhagensis, 14
straminella, 14
triphaenoides, 14
<ra/u, 14
atychwides, Polyphlebia, 14
Augangela, 43
xanthomias, 43
augustana [sic], Simaethis, 51
augustella, Caloreas, 52
augustella, Choreutis, 52
aulograpta, Aegeria, 29
aulograpta, Synanthedon, 29
aurania, Ceratocorema, 29
aurania, Synanthedon, 29
aurantia, Zenodoxus, 22
aurantiaca, Paranthrene, 23
aurantiaca, Sciapteron, 23
aurantiarum (sic], Paranthrene, 23
aurantiibasis, Aegeria, 40
aurantiibasis, Chamanihedon, 40
aurantis, Carmenta, 38
aurata, Aegeria, 35
aurata, Chamaesphecia, 35
aurea, Similipepsis, 44
aureocincta, Podosesia, 37
aureola, Aegeria, 29
aureopurpura, Aegeria, 38
aureopurpurea [sic], AYwa, 38
aureosquamata , Melittia, 26
aureosquamata, Parasa, 25, 26
auresiana, Pyropteron, 35
auricaudata, Bembecia, 39
auricaudata, Dipsosphecia, 39
auricollis, Adixoa, 23
auricollis, Melanosphecia, 44
auricollis, Melittia, 44
auricollis, Paranthrene, 23
aurifera, Chamaesphecia, 35
aurifera, Conopia, 29
aurifera, Paranthrene, 23
aurifera, Sesia, 35
aurifera, Synanthedon, 29
auriferalis, Tortyra, 56
auripennis, Myrsila, 44
auripes, Ichneumenoptera, 29, 31
auripes, Lepidopoda, 31
auripes, Synanthedon, 29
auripicta, Camaegeria, 41
auriplena, Aegeria, 29
auriplena, Synanthedon, 29
auriplumia, Melittia, 26
auripyga, Adixoana, 42
auristrigata, Melittia, 44
auristrigata, Trichobaptes, 44
auritincta, Canopia [sic], 29
auritincta, Carmenta, 38
auritincta, Synanthedon, 29
auritincta, Synanthedon, 38
aurivena, Leptocimbicina,, 23
N U M B E R 314 109
aurivena, Paranthrene, 23
aurivilii (sic], Sesia, 32
aurivillii, Sesia, 32
aurociliata, Melittia, 26
aurociliata, Pansa, 26
aurofasciana, Simaethis, 56
aurofasciana, Tortyra, 56
aurofasciata [sic], Tortyra, 56
auronitens, Sesia, 41
auronitens, Tipulamima, 41
aurora, Rhipidura, 41
aurora, Rhipidurina, 41
auslini, Carmenta, 33
australis, Choreutis, 53
Austrosetia, 28
semirufa, 28, 33
autremonti, Synanthedon, 29
autumnalis, Alcathoe, 38
axiomnemoneuta, Leptaegeria, 40
azonos, Chamaesphecia, 35
azonos, Sesia, 35
azrael, Melittia, 26
azrael, Melittia, 26
Badera, 55
nobilis, 55
pretiosa, 55
prodigella, 55
Balataea, 45
aegerioides, 45
Balataea homotona, 14
balcanica, Chamaesphecia, 35
balkis, Bembecia, 39
W/tw, Pyropteron, 39
balsamorrhizella, Choreutis, 52
balsamorrhizella, Tebenna, 52
balteata, Dolophrosyne, 44
balteata, Dolophrosynella, 44
banchiformis, Sphinx, 36
barbara, Bembecia, 39
barbara, Dipsosphecia, 39
barbigera, Asterivora, 53
barbigera, Simaethis, 53
bamesi, Melittia, 26
barnesii, Sanninoidea, 30
basalis, Aegeria, 29
basalis, Arauzona, 44
basalis, Choregia, 56
basalis, Choreutis, 53
basalis, Simaethis, 53
basalis, Synanthedon, 29
basichrysa, Miscera, 14
basichrysa, Sagalassa, 14
bassiformis, Aegeria, 38
bassiformis, Carmenta, 38
batangensis, Choreutis, 51
batangensis, Peotyle, 51
batchiana, Melittia, 26
bathysema, Choreutis, 53
bathysema, Eutromula, 53
beckeri, Melittia, 26 .
behrensi [sic], Synanthedon, 33
behrensii, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
fo/ia, Aegeria, 43
bellieri, Pyropteron, 35
Bembecia, 38
alaica, 39
auricaudata, 39
balkis, 39
barbara, 39
bestianaeli, 39
biedermanni, 39
bohatschi, 39
ceiformis, 39
chrysidiformis, 39
chrysomelaena, 39
dancaudani, 39
deipyla, 39
dioctriiformis, 39
dispar, 39
flavida, 39
fortis, 39
gruneri, 39
hannemanni, 39
himmighoffeni, 39
hymenopteriformis, 39
ili, 39
jakuta, 39
kalavrytana, 39
lasicera, 39
lomatiaeformis, 39
megillaeformis, 39
montis, 39
muscaeformis, 39
ninae, 39
palariformis, 39
parthica, 39
polyzona, 39
powelli, 39
romanovi, 39
rondoui, 39
roseiventris, 39
rothschildi, 39
sareptana, 39
schwingenschussi, 40
scopigera, 40
senilis, 40
sirphiformis, 40
splendida, 40
stiziformis, 40
strandi, 40
tancrei, 40
teleta, 40
tenebrosa, 40
tengyraeformis, 40
triannuliformis, 40
tristis, 40
tshimgana, 40
turcmena, 40
uroceriformis, 40
vidua, 40
viguraea, 40
vulcanica, 40
wagneri, 40
Bembecia, 21
albicoma, 21
atlantica, 40
dioctriformis [sic], 39
pemix, 24
sequoiae, 29, 33
superba, 33
tunetana, 39
bembeciformis, Sesia, 28
bembeciformis, Sphinx, 27, 28
benoisti, Synanthedon, 29
bergii, Melittia, 26
berlandi, Pseudomelittia, 42
beryllitis, Saptha, 55
beryllitis, Tortyra, 55
beryti, Atychia, 13
beryti, Brachodes, 13
bestianaeli, Bembecia, 39
betuliperda, Choreutis, 53
betuliperda, Orchemia, 53
beutenmuelleri, Albuna, 25
beutenmuelleri, Synanthedon, 29
beutenmulleri, Albuna, 25
bexari, Zenodoxus, 22
biannulata [sic], Synanthedon, 30
bianulata, Synanthedon, 30
bibio, Teleosphecia, 41
bibioniformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
bibioniformis, Sphinx, 35
bibionipennis, Sesia, 29
bibionipennis, Synanthedon, 29
bicaudella, Brenthia, 49
bicincla, Aegeria, 23
bicincta, Callisphecia, 41
bicincta, Paranthrene, 23
bicingulata, Sesia, 29, 34
bicingulata, Synanthedon, 29
bicolor, Sura, 25
bicolor, Trichocerota, 22
bicolor, Zenodoxus, 22
biedermanni, Bembecia, 39
110 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
biedermanni, Pyropteron, 39
biercandrella [sic], Choreutis, 52
bierkandrana, Pyralis, 52
bifenestrata, Synanthedon, 29
biferana, Gauris, 56
biferana, Hemerophila, 56
bigerana, Gauris, 56
bigerana, Hemerophila, 56
binghami, Melittia, 26
bjerkandella [sic], Choreutes [sic], 52
bjerkandrana, Simaethis, 52
bjerkandrella, Tebenna, 52
bjerkandrella, Tinea, 52
blaciformis, Aegeria, 29
blaciformis, Synanthedon, 29
blandinalis, Caloreas, 52
blandinalis, Choreutis, 52
bohatschi, Bembecia, 39
bohatschi, Sesia, 39
bohemica, Pennisetia, 21
boisduvali, Chamaesphecia, 35
bolli, Aegeria, 38
bollii [sic], Sesia, 38
bolteri, Aegeria, 29
bolteri, Synanthedon, 29
bombiformis [sic], Dasysphecia, 42
bombiformis, Desmopoda, 27
bombiliformis, Melittia, 26
bombiliformis, Sphinx, 25, 26
Bombosceles, 22
cyanomyia, 22
bombyciformis, Sphinx, 37
bombyciformis, Tarsa, 23
bombyliformis, Dasysphecia, 42
bombyliformis, Melittia, 26
bombyliformis, Sphecia, 42
bombyliformis, Sphinx, 26
bombylipennis, Melittia, 26
Bonia, 44
unicolor, 44
borreyi, Chamaesphecia, 35
borsanii, Chamaesphecia, 35
bosqi, Synanthedon, 29
bosqui [sic], Synanthedon, 29
Botys houttuynnialis, 56
boulleti, Melittia, 26
boulleti, Trilochana, 44
bouvieri, Melanosphecia, 44
brabanti, Melittia, 26
Brachodes, 13
appendiculatus, 13
beryti, 13
candefactus, 13
canonitis, 13
caradjae, 13
cassandrella, 13
diacona, 13
dispar, 13
fallax, 13
fasciatus, 13
flavescens, 13
formosus, 13
fulgurita, 13
funebris, 13
infandus, 13
keredjella, 13
laetus, 13
mesopotamicus, 13
metaspilus, 13
minutulus, 13
monotonus, 13
nana, 13
nanetta, 13
nycteropis, 13
orientalis, 13
pumila, 13
quiris, 14
radiatus, 14
radiolatus, 14
rhagensis, 14
straminella, 14
tristis, 14
Brachodes vemetella, 13
brachymorpha, Anthophila, 50
brachymorpha, Simaethis, 50
brachyptera, Sphecosesia, 44
brachythyra, Trichocerota, 22
braconiformis, Sesia, 35, 40
bradleyi, Tebenna, 52
Bradyptesis, 13
brandti, Chamaesphecia, 35
Brenthia, 49
acmogramma, 49
albimaculana, 49
amatana, 49
anisopa, 49
ardens, 49
argyroxantha, 49
bicaudella, 49
buthusalis, 49
caelicola, 49
carola, 49
catenata, 49
ceutholychna, 49
confluxana, 49
coronigera, 49
cyanastra, 57
cyanaula, 49
dendronympha, 49
depulsana, 49
dicentrota, 49
diplotaphra, 49
elachista, 50
elatella, 50
episotras, 50
eriopis, 50
excusana, 50
formosensis, 50
gamicopis, 50
harmonica, 50
heptacosma, 50
hexaselena, 50
leptocosma, 50
leucatoma, 50
lithocrossa, 50
logistis, 50
luminifera, 50
malachitis, 50
melodica, 50
moniligera, 50
monolychna, 50
nephelosema, 50
ocellata, 50
octogemmifera, 50
ocularis, 50
pampoecila, 50
paranympha, 50
pavonacella, 49, 50
pileae, 50
pleiadopa, 50
quadriforella, 50
salaconia, 50
salinata, 50
sapindella, 50
spintheristis, 50
stenorma, 50
stimulans, 50
strophalora, 50
stylophora, 50
suavis, 50
tetartodipla, 50
trilampas, 50
trilitha, 50
trimachaera, 50
virginalis, 50
yaeyamae, 50
Brenthia buthalis, 49
chrysosperma, 56
hecataea, 49
inflatella, 51
japonica, 49
ochripalpis, 56
pavonicella [sic], 50
quadriflorella [sic], 50
virginiella, 51
N U M B E R i l 4 111
brevicornis, Melittia, 26
brevifolia, Penstemoma, 38
breyeri, Chamaesphecia, 35
brillians, Chamanthedon, 40
bnllians, Sena, 40
brosiformis, Sphinx, 22
brunescens, Choreutis, 51
brunescens, Prochoreutis, 51
brunnea, Trochilum [sic], 28
brunneipennis, Aegena, 33
brunneri, Sesia, 32
buprestiformis, Aegeria, 29
buprestiformis, Synanthedon, 29
buprestoides, Aclytia, 14
buprestoides, Polyphlebia, 14
Burlacena, 15
aegerioides, 15
similata, 15
vacua, 15
burmana, Melittia, 26
buscki, Sylvora, 29
busckiella, Choreutis, 52
buthalis, Brenthia, 49
buthusalis, Brenthia, 49
bulhusalis, Simaethis, 49
butleri, Melittia, 26
caelicola, Brenthia, 49
caeruleifascia, Ichneumenoptera, 29
caeruleifascia, Synanthedon, 29
caeruleimicans, Paranthrene, 23
caeruleimicans, Sciapteron, 23
caeruleonitens [sic], Sphecia, 25
caerulifera, Trochilium, 24
caerulipes, Ichneumenoptera, 29
caerulipes, Synanthedon, 29
caflischi [sic], Aegeria, 28
caflischii, Trochilium, 28
caieta, Aegeria, 38
calabaza, Melittia, 26
Calasesia, 28
coccinea, 28
californicum, Trochilium, 28
caliginosa, Caloreas, 52
caliginosa, Choreutis, 52
Callatolmis, 14
chrysauge, 14
coleoptrata, 14
hemicamina, 14
calliclisa, Choreutis, 51
calliclisa, Prochoreutis, 51
callipleura, Euhagena, 25
calliptera, Aegerosphecia, 41, 42
Callisphecia, 41
bicincta, 41
oberthueri, 41
puera, 41
Callisphecia oberthuri, 41
Callithia, 28
oberthueri, 28
Callithia oberthuri, 28
callosoma, Megalosphecia, 43
callosoma, Melittia, 26
Caloreas, 52
apocynoglossa, 52
augustella, 52
blandinalis, 52
caliginosa, 52
charmonica, 52
coloradella, 52
cydrota, 52
enantia, 52
hymenaea, 52
lactibasis, 52
loxotenes, 52
multimarginata, 52
occidentella, 52
pelinobasis, 52
schausiella, 52
tacubayella, 52
venusta, 52
Camaegeria, 41
auripicta, 41
cambodialis, Paranthrene, 23
cambodialis, Sannina, 23
cambyses, Sincara, 25
canadensis, Synanthedon, 29
canarensis, Paranthrene, 23
candefactus, Atychia, 13
candefactus, Brachodes, 13
candescens, Aegeria, 28
candescens, Monopetalotaxis, 42
candescens, Trochilina, 42
canescens, Zenodoxus, 22
canofusana, Gauris, 56
canofusana, Hemerophila, 56
canonitis, Brachodes, 13
canonitis, Palamemis, 13
Canopia [sic], 29
auritincta, 29
cantharodes, Tortyra, 56
caracasiae, Tortyra, 56
caradjae, Atychia, 13
caradjae, Brachodes, 13
carduella, Choreutis, 52
cardui, Phalaena (Tortrix), 52
carduiella, Choreutis, 52
carduiella, Tebenna, 52
Carmenta, 37
albociliata, 38
anthracipennis, 38
apache, 38
arizonae, 38
armasata, 38
auritincta, 38
bassiformis, 38
chrysophanes, 38
commoni, 38
corni, 38
engelhardti, 38
giliae, 38
ithacae, 38
mariona, 38
mimuli, 38
odda, 38
ogalala, 38
pallene, 38
phoradendri, 38
prosopis, 38
pyralidiformis, 38
querci, 38
rubricincta, 38
subaerea, 38
sufiusata, 38
tecta, 38
texana, 38
verecunda, 38
welchelorum, 38
wellerae, 38
xanthogyna, 38
Carmenta aurantis, 38
austini, 33
fraxini, 24, 25
helenis, 31
minuta, 28
nigra, 38
ruficornis, 28
sanborni, 38
torrancia, 38
woodgatei, 38
carola, Brenthia, 49
carolinensis, Alcathoe, 38
carulifera, Albuna, 24
carulifera, Paranthrene, 24
cassandrella, Brachodes, 13
cassandrella, Myelois, 13
castaneae, Sesia, 29
castaneae, Synanthedon, 29
castaneum, Sciapteron, 23
castiliana, Pyropteron, 39
catalina, Synanthedon, 29
catenata, Brenthia, 49
caternaulti, Synanthedon, 29
caucasica, Sesia, 35
caucasica, Tebenna, 52
112 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
caudata, Aegeria, 38
caudata, Alcathoe, 38
Caudicornia, 43
xanthopimpla, 43
ceiformis, Bembecia, 39
ceiformis, Sesia, 39
celebica, Melittia, 26
celebica, Paranthrene, 24
ccntrifuga, Tortyra, 56
centropus, Miscera, 14
cephiformis, Sesia, 29
cephiformis, Synanthedon, 29
ceraca, Aegeria, 29
ceraca, Synanthedon, 29
Ceratocorema, 21
aurania, 29
postcristata, 21
cerceriformis, Aegeria, 29
cerceriformis, Sesia, 39
cerceriformis, Synanthedon, 29
cerceris, Vespanthedon, 42
ceres, Aegeria, 29
ceres, Synanthedon, 29
ceriaeformis, Sesia, 34, 35
ceriiformis [sic], Sesia, 34
Ceritrypetes, 37
idiotropha, 37
ceropaliformis, Aegeria, 29
ceropaliformis, Synanthedon, 29
ceto, Trochilium, 26
ceutholychna, Brenthia, 49
chalcidiformis, Sphinx, 35
chalciformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
chalciformis, Sesia, 26
chalciformis, Sphinx, 35
chalciphora, Monopetalotaxis, 42
chalciptera, Trilochana, 44
chalcobathra, Tortyra, 56
chalcochlora, Paranthrene, 23
chalcocnemis, Sesia, 39
chalcocrossa, Phycodes, 14
chalcodes, Tortyra, 56
Chalcoela gemmalis, 52
chalconota, Melittia, 26
chalcotoxa, Choreutis, 53
chalcotoxa, Simaethis, 53
chalybea, Aegeria, 30
chalybea, Episannina, 41
chalybea, Simaethis, 57
chalybea, Sura, 25
chalybea, Synanthedon, 30
chalybescens, Melittia, 26
chalypsa, Chamanthedon, 40
Chamaesphecia, 34
adelpha, 34
aerifrons, 34
aestivata, 34
affinis, 34
albiventris, 34
almana, 34
alysoniformis, 34
anatolica, 34
annellata, 34
anthracias, 34
anthraciformis, 34
anthrax, 35
armeniaca, 35
atlantis, 35
atramentaria, 35
aurata, 35
aurifera, 35
azonos, 35
balcanica, 35
bibioniformis, 35
boisduvali, 35
borreyi, 35
borsanii, 35
brandti, 35
breyeri, 35
chalciformis, 35
chrysoneura, 35
cirgisa, 35
clathrata, 35
colpiformis, 35
consobrina, 35
Corsica, 35
crassicornis, 35
cryptiformis, 35
cyanopasta, 35
deltaica, 35
djakonovi, 35
doleriformis, 35
doryceraeformis, 35
doryliformis, 35
dumonti, 35
elampiformis, 35
empinaeformis, 35
erodiiphaga, 36
euceraeformis, 36
fenusaeformis, 36
ferganae, 36
festai, 36
foeniformis, 36
fredi, 36
guriensis, 36
haberhaueri, 36
infernalis, 36
iranica, 36
kautzi, 36
koshantschikovi, 36
lahayei, 36
lanipes, 36
lecerfi, 36
lemur, 36
leucocnemis, 36
leucomelaena, 36
leucoparea, 36
leucopsiformis, 36
loewii, 36
mannii, 36
margiana, 36
masariformis, 36
maurusia, 36
micra, 36
minianiformis, 36
minima, 36
mirza, 36
modica, 36
monspeliensis, 36
montandoni, 36
moreaui, 36
morosa, 36
mutilata, 36
myrsinites, 36
mysiniformis, 36
obraztsovi, 36
oryssiformis, 36
osmiaeformis, 36
palustris, 36
pechi, 36
penthetria, 36
philanthiformis, 37
pluto, 37
powelli, 37
proximata, 37
pudorina, 37
pygmaea, 37
ramburi, 37
regula, 37
rondouana, 37
schmidtiiformis, 37
seitzi, 37
sevenari, 37
seyrigi, 37
staudingeri, 37
taediiformis, 37
tenthrediniformis, 37
thomyris, 37
tritonias, 37
turbida, 37
umbrifera, 37
xantho, 37
zimmermanni, 37
Chamaesphecia aethiopica, 30
amygdaloidis, 36
N U M B E R 314 113
clermonti, 34
destitute, 36
dolerilinea [sic], 35
doriliformis [sic], 35
ethiopica, 30
fergana [sic], 36
flavoabdominalis, 37
friesei, 36
F, 39
, 34
leucopsis [sic], 45
melanophleps, 35
minor, 36
nigrobarbata, 36
ortaliformis [sic], 34
oryssiformis, 36
phaeniformis [sic], 36
rondonana [sic], 37
schmidti, 37
?/W, 35
Chamanthedon, 40
albicincta, 40
amorpha, 40
aurantiibasis, 40
brillians, 40
chalypsa, 40
chrysopasta, 40
coreacola, 40
critheis, 40
elymais, 41
flavipcs, 41
fulvipes, 41
gaudens, 41
heliostoma, 41
hilariformis, 41
hypochroma, 41
leucocera, 41
leucopleura, 41
melanoptera, 41
ochracea, 41
quinquecincta, 41
striata, 41
tapeina, 41
tiresa, 41
tropica, 41
xanthopasta, 41
xanthopleura, 41
championi, Sphecia, 23
charlesi, Paranthrene, 23
charmonica, Caloreas, 52
charmonica, Porpe, 52
chatanayi, Pseudalcathoe, 41
chatanayi, Pseudalcathoe [sic], 41
chatuidea, Asterivora, 53
chatuidea, Simaethis, 53
chea, Aegeria, 30
chea, Synanthedon, 30
chelaspis, Choreutis, 53
chelaspis, Simaethis, 53
chi, Choreutis, 53
chi, Hemerophila, 53
chibensis, Conopia, 33
chimaera, Noctua, 14
chimaera, Sphinx, 13
Chimaera, 13
fulgurita, 13
nana, 13
orbonota, 13
pumila, 13
pusilla, 13
radiata, 14, 15
Chimaerosphecia, 41
aegerides, 41
colochelyna, 41
chimana, Melittia, 26
chimena, Pyropteron, 35
Chimera [sic], 13
Junebris, 13
chinensis, Paranthrene, 13
chinensis, Sciapteron, 23
chingana, Tebenna, 52
chingana, Ttbeuna [sic], 52
chionardis, Phycodes, 14
chionocosma, Choreutis, 51
chionocosma, Prochoreutis, 51
chionodesma, Simaethis, 53
Chloreutis [sic], 53
chlorothyris, Aegeria, 30
chlorothyris, Synanthedon, 30
chlorotica, Pyropteron, 39
chmer, Melittia, 27
chodjaevi [sic], Choreutis, 52
chodzhajevi, Choreutis, 52
chodzhajevi, Tebenna, 52
Chordates, 55
Choredates [sic], 55
Choregia, 56
aenescens, 56
basalts, 56
Julgens, 56
ignita, 56
lucasseni, 15
striana, 55
violacea, 56
Chorentes [sic], 53
Chorentis [sic], 53
ChoreuUs, 53
albipunctalis, 51
bjerkandella [sic], 52
dianalis, 54
dolasona [sic], 51
scintilimana [sic], 51
scintillulana [sic], 51
scintilulalis, 51
scintilutana [sic], 51
silphiella, 53
vibralis, 52
Choreuthis [sic], 53
montelli, 51
sibirica, 52
Choreutidia, 53
sexfasciella, 55
Choreutis, 53
achyrodes, 53
aegyptiaca, 53
amethystodes, 53
angulosa, 53
anthorma, 53
antichlora, 53
antiptila, 53
argoxantha, 53
atrosignata, 53
basalis, 53
bathysema, 53
betuliperda, 53
chalcotoxa, 53
chelaspis, 53
chi, 53
collapsa, 54
cothurnata, 54
cunuligera, 54
cyanogramma, 54
cyanotoxa, 54
diana, 54
dichlora, 54
diplogramma, 54
discolor, 55
dryodora, 54
emplecta, 54
entechna, 54
equatoris, 54
euclista, 54
eumetra, 54
falsifica, 54
flavimaculata, 54
fulminea, 54
gratiosa, 54
hestiarcha, 54
holachyrma, 54
hyligenes, 54
hypocroca, 54
ialeura, 54
inscriptana, 54
irimochla, 54
irridens, 54
114 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
itriodes, 54
japonica, 54
Icthaea, 54
limonias, 54
ludifica, 54
lutescens, 54
lygaeopa, 54
melanopepla, 54
melophaga, 54
mesolyma, 54
metallica, 54
minuta, 54
montana, 54
nemorana, 54
niphocrypta, 54
novarae, 54
obarata, 54
ophiosema, 54
optica, 54
ornaticornis, 54
orthogona, 54
pariana, 54
parva, 55
pelargodes, 55
pentacyba, 57
periploca, 55
piepersiana, 55
plectodes, 55
plumbealis, 55
porphyratma, 55
psilachyra, 55
pyrrhoclista, 55
quincyella, 55
regularis, 55
sandaracina, 55
sapporensis, 55
semicincta, 55
sexfasciella, 55
simplex, 55
stereocrossa, 55
strepsidesma, 55
streptatma, 55
submarginalis, 55
sycopola, 55
taprobanes, 55
threnodes, 55
tigroides, 55
tomicodes, 55
topitis, 55
torridula, 55
tricyanitis, 55
trogalia, 55
turilega, 55
vinosa, 55
xanthogramma, 55
yakushimensis, 55
Choreutis aeneigutta, 56
agalmatopa, 52
agelasta, 52
alliciens, 52
alpina, 51
apocynoglossa, 52
argyrastra, 51
argyrota, 51
argyroxantha, 49
arisema, 51
athmodesma [sic], 51
atmodesma, 51
atrox, 51
augustella, 52
austrails, 53
balsamonhizella, 52
batangensis, 51
biercandrella [sic], 52
blandinalis, 52
bmnescens, 51
busckiella, 52
caliginosa, 52
calliclisa, 51
cardtulla, 52
carduiella, 52
chionocosma, 51
chodjaevi [sic], 52
chodzhajevi, 52
chrysotacta, 52
chrysoterma, 52
coloradella, 52
cydrota, 52
delicata, 51
diana, 52
dolosana, 51
drosodoxa, 51
dyarella, 51
extrinsecella, 51
extrincicella, 51
juscidorsis, 52
gnaphaliella, 52
gnaphiella [sic], 52
hadrogastra, 51
holotoxa, 51
homotypa, 53
hymenaea, 52
immutabilis, 52
incerta, 51
inspirata, 52
intermedia [sic], 51
intermediary, 51
irradiata, 51
usftiftiY, 52
kiiensis, 49
lampadias, 53
lapidana, 52
lascivalis, 57
leptilonella, 52
leucobasis, 52
melanifera, 52
micalis, 52
moniligera, 50
monognoma, 51
miillerana [sic], 51
multimarginata, 52
myllerala [sic], 51
myllerans [sic], 51
nolotoxa [sic], 51
occidentella, 52
octogemmifera, 50
ocular is, 50
ohiensis, 53
ohioensis [sic], 53
pemivalis, 51
phalaraspis, 51
phitonyma, 52
piperelta, 53
punctuosa [sic], 52
pychnomochla, 53
radians, 52
sachalinensis, 52
schausiella, 52
scintillulalis [sic], 51
scintilulana, 51
Solaris, 52
sororculella, 52
stellaris, 52
suavis, 50
tacubayella, 52
talyshensis, 52
ultimana, 52
ussurica, 52
chorica, Hemerophila, 56
chorica, Tortyra, 56
chorogi, Synanthedon, 30
chosensis, Conopia, 30
chosensis, Synanthedon, 30
chretieni, Pyropteron, 35
chrysauge, Callatolmis, 14
chrysauge, Eustixis, 14
chrysescens, Melittia, 27
chrysidiformis, Bembecia, 39
chrysidiformis, Sesia, 36
chrysidiformis, Sphinx, 39
chrysidipennis, Sesia, 30
chrysidipennis, Synanthedon, 30
chrysobapta, Melittia, 26
chrysochloris, Paranthrene, 23
chrysochloris, Trilochana, 23
NUMBER 314 115
chrysogaster, Melittia, 26
chrysoidea, Paranthrene, 23
chrysomelaena, Bembecia, 39
chrysomelaena, Pyropteron, 39
chrysoneura, Chamaesphecia, 35
chrysonympha, Aegeria, 30
chrysonympha, Synanthedon, 30
chrysopasta, Chamanthedon, 40
chrysophanes, Carmenta, 38
chtysophanes, Sesia, 38
chrysoprasitis, Saptha, 55
chrysoprasitis, Tortyra, 55
chrysoptera, Aegeria, 30
chrysoptera, Synanthedon, 30
chrysorrhoea, Sphinx, 34
chrysosperma, Brenthia, 56
chrysosperma, Zodia, 56
chrysostetha, Diakonoflia, 37
chrysostetha, Synanthedon, 37
chrysotacta, Choreutis, 52
chrysotacta, Tebcnna, 52
chrysoterma, Choreutis, 52
chrysoterma, Tebcnna, 52
Cibdeloses, 15
dolopis, 15
Cicinnocnemis, 45
cornuta, 45
Cicinnoscelis, 42
longipes, 42
Cicinoscelis [sic], 42
cillutincariensis, Leptaegeria, 40
cinctipes, Gauris, 56
cinctipes, Hemcrophila, 56
cingulata, Paranthrene, 22
cinguiata, Pseudomelittia, 42
cirgisa, Chamaesphecia, 35
cirrhozona, Synanthedon, 30
Cissuvora, 22
ampelopsis, 22
citrura, Aegeria, 30
citrura, Synanthedon, 30
cladiiformis, Aegeria, 30
cladiiformis, Synanthedon, 30
clara, Synanthedon, 31
clarkei, Penstemonia, 38
clathrata, Chamaesphecia, 35
clavicornis, Aegeria, 30
clavicornis, Synanthedon, 30
clemensella, Porpe, 51
clemensella, Prochoreutis, 51
dermonti, Chamaesphecia, 34
Cloreutis [sic], 53
coccinea, Calasesia, 28
coccinea, Pyrrhotaenia, 28
coccidivora, Synanthedon, 30
Coccyx decorana, 54
codeti, Sesia, 30
codeti, Synanthedon, 30
coeruleonitens, Sphecia, 25
colchica, Anthophila, 50
coleoptrata, Callatolmis, 14
coleoptrata, Lycomorpha, 14
collapsa, Choreutis, 54
collapsa, Simaethis, 54
colochelyna, Chimaerosphecia, 41
coloradella, Caloreas, 52
coloradella, Choreutis, 52
coloradensis, Albuna, 25
coloradensis, Pyrrhotaenia, 25
colpiformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
colpiformis, Sesia, 35
colpota, Asterivora, 53
colpota, Simaethis, 53
columbica, Stenosphecia, 41
combinatana, Asterivora, 53
combinatana, Simaethis, 53
combusta, Melittia, 26
combusta, Neosphecia, 26
comes, Podosesia, 38
commoni, Carmenta, 38
compar, Atychia, 13
compulsana, Jonaca, 14
concavifascia, Synanthedon, 30
confinis, Atychia, 13
confluxana, Brenthia, 49
conjluxana, Simaethis, 49
confusa, Sincara, 25
congoana, Melittia, 26
congruens, Melittia, 26
coniophora, Synechodes, 14
Conopia, 28
angarides [sic], 29
aurifera, 29
chibensis, 33
chosensis, 30
dasyproctos, 30
fitchi [sic], 31
galloisi, 33
houqua [sic], 31
ignicauda, 31
leucogaster, 31
melanocera, 38
mushana, 32
myopaeformis [sic], 32
nihonica [sic], 33
opalizans, 32
paupera [sic], 32
persicae [sic], 31
richardsi, 33
subtUlima, 33
theobroma, 34
volaria [sic], 34
conopiformis, Sphinx, 30
conopiformis, Synanthedon, 30
Conopsia, 41
terminiflava, 41
Conopsia terminiphora [sic], 41
Conopyga, 43
metallescens, 43
consimilis, Aegeria, 38
consobrina, Chamaesphecia, 35
conspersa, Miscera, 14
conspersa, Sagalassa, 14
constricta, Tinthia, 22
constricta, Zenodoxus, 22
contaminata, Sesia, 28
contaminata, Sphecia, 27, 28
contracta, Pennisetia, 21
contracta, Sphecia, 21
contrariana, Gauris, 56
contrariana, Hemerophila, 56
contubemalis, Hemerophila, 56
contubemalis, Simaethis, 56
coquimbensis, Synanthedon, 30
coracodes, Trochilium, 24
corcyrensis, Sesia, 28
cordata [sic], Acalthoe [sic], 38
coreacola, Chamanthedon, 40
corni, Aegeria, 38
corni, Carmenta, 38
cornuta, Cicinnocnemis, 45
coronigera, Brenthia, 49
corporalis, Aegeria, 30
corporalis, Synanthedon, 30
Corsica, Chamaesphecia, 35
Corsica, Sesia, 35
corusca, Aegeria, 33
corvinus, Alcathoe, 38
Cosmosoma omphala, 45
costalimae, Leptaegeria, 40
Cotaena, 44
mediana, 44
plenella, 44
cothumata, Choreutis, 54
cothumata, Simaethis, 54
crabroniforme, Sphecia, 28
crabroniformis, Sesia, 24, 40
crabroniformis, Sphinx, 24, 27, 28, 40
crassalis, Ennychia, 14
crassicornis, Chamaesphecia, 35
crassicornis, Sincara, 25
cretica, Sesia, 30
cretica, Synanthedon, 30
Crinipus, 41
leucozonipus, 41
116 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
cristallina, Parasesia, 41
cristata, Oligophlebia, 42
critheis, Aegeria, 40
critheis, Chamanthedon, 40
croaticus, Synanthedon, 30
croconeura, Paradoxecia, 22
croconeura, Paranthreru, 22
croesiformis, Aegeria, 30
croesiformis, Synanthedon, 30
Cronicombra lamella, 57
cruentata, Adixoa, 43
cruentata, Heterosphecia, 43
cruentata, Sesia, 30
cruentata, Synanthedon, 30
cryptica, Aegeria, 30
cryptica, Synanthedon, 30
cryptiformis, Aegeria, 35
cryptiformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
cryptoleucella, Acrobasis, 14
Cryptomima, 41
hampsoni, 41
cryptopyrrhella, Jonaca, 14
cryptopyrrhella, Sagalassa, 14
cubana, Sesia, 30
cubana, Synanthedon, 30
cucurbitae, Aegeria, 26
cucurbitae, Melittia, 26
culex, Sphinx, 30
culiciformis, Sphinx, 29, 30, 33, 36
culiciformis, Synanthedon, 30
cunuligera, Choreutis, 54
cunuligera, Eutromula, 54
cuprealis, Soronia, 21
cuprealis, Tinthia, 21
cupreifascia, Synanthedon, 30
cupreifascia, Trochilium, 30
cupreipennis, Aegeria, 22
cupreipennis, Trichocerota, 22
cupreivitta, Paranthrene, 23
cupreivitta, Sciapteron, 23
cuprescens, Paranthrene, 23
cupressi, Sciapteron, 24
cupressi, Vitacea, 24
cuprinella, Tortyra, 56
cyanastra, Brenthia, 57
cyanaula, Brenthia, 49
cyanea, Aegerosphecia, 42
cyanea, Sura, 25
cyaneifera, Melittia, 26
cyanescens, Ichneumenoptera, 30
cyanescens, Synanthedon, 30
cyanifera [sic], Melittia, 26
cyaniris, Lophoceps, 42
cyanogama, Paranthrene, 23
cyanogramma, Choreutis, 54
cyanogramma, Eutromula, 54
cyanolampra, Sura, 25
cyanomyia, Bombosceles, 22
cyanopasta, Aegeria, 35
cyanopasta, Chamaesphecia, 35
cyanopis, Paranthrene, 23
cyanospira, Aegeria, 30
cyanospira, Synanthedon, 30
cyanotoxa, Choreutis, 54
cyanotoxa, Simaethis, 54
cydrota, Caloreas, 52
cydrota, Choreutis, 52
cymbalistis, Tinthia, 21
cymineuta, Phycodes, 15
cynipiformis, Sphinx, 34
cypridia, Saptha, 55
cypridia, Tortyra, 55
daisensis, Paranthrene, 23
dammersi, Penstemonia, 38
dancaudani, Bembecia, 39
dangeloi, Melittia, 27
eTangeloi, Melittia, 27
danieli, Synanthedon, 30
danubica, Aegeria, 30
danubica, Synanthedon, 30
dasypodiformis, Sesia, 28
dasypodiformis, Sphecia, 28
dasyproctos, Conopia, 30
dasyproctos, Synanthedon, 30
dasysceles, Synanthedon, 30
Dasysphecia bombiformis [sic], 42
Dasysphecia, 42
bombyliformis, 42
davidi, Paranthrene, 23
deceptiva, Aegeria, 38
deceptura, Aegeria, 30
deceptura, Synanthedon, 30
decipiens, Aegeria, 30
decipiens, Synanthedon, 30
decolorana, Anthophila, 50
decorana, Coccyx, 54
deipyla, Aegeria, 39
deipyla, Bembecia, 39
delicata, Choreutis, 51
delicata, Prochoreutis, 51
deltaica, Chamaesphecia, 35
dendronympha, Brenthia, 49
deniba, Dipsosphecia, 39
denotata, Albuna, 24
dentana, Tortrix, 50
dentanalis, Asopia, 50
denudatum, Aegeria, 37
denudatum, Trochilium, 23, 27
depulsana, Brenthia, 49
depulsana, Simaethis, 49
deserta, Sesia, 30
deserta, Synanthedon, 30
Desmopoda, 27
bombiformis, 27
desmotoma, Atychia, 14
desmotoma, Miscera, 14
desmotona [sic], Miscera, 14
destituta, Sesia, 36
diabolus, Atychia, 14
diabolus, Miscera, 14
diacona, Atychia, 13
diacona, Brachodes, 13
Diakonoffia, 37
chrysostetha, 37
diana, Choreutis, 52
diana, Choreutis, 54
diana, Tebenna, 52
diana, Tortrix, 52, 53, 54
dianalis, Choreutes [sic], 54
diaphana, Paranthrene, 24
Diapyra, 21
dicentrota, Brenthia, 49
dichlora, Choreutis, 54
dichlora, Simaethis, 54
dichroipus, Melittia, 26
difformis, Alonina, 42
dimorpha, Synanthedon, 30
dinetiformis, Aegeria, 30
dinetiformis, Synanthedon, 30
dioctriaeformis, Setia [sic], 30
dioctriaeformis, Synanthedon, 30
dioctriformis [sic], Bembecia, 39
dioctriiformis, Bembecia, 39
dioctriiformis, Sesia, 39
diplogramma, Choreutis, 54
diplogramma, Simaethis, 54
Diplosphecia [sic], 39
algirica, 39
diplotaphra, Brenthia, 49
diplotima, Trichocerota, 22
Dipsisphecia [sic], 39
Dipsosphecia, 39
alaica, 39
apyra, 40
astyages, 40
atlantica, 40
auricaudata, 39
barbara, 39
deniba, 39
dumonti, 39
fulvusororcula, 39
gruneri [sic], 39
kalavrytana, 39
louisae, 37
NUMBER 314 117
luticornis, 39
miranda, 40
nazir, 39
nigricomis, 40
ninae, 39
norma, 39
oberthiiri, 39
polyzona, 39
powelli, 39
romanovi, 39
roseiventris, 39
rothschildi, 39
rubefacta, 39
rubrescens, 39
sareptana, 39
schwingenschussi, 40
sirphiformis, 40
strandi, 40
syrphiformis, 40
tefcta, 40
tenebrosa, 40
tshimgana, 40
tune tana, 39
turcmena, 40
viguraea, 40
vulcanica, 40
wagneri, 40
dischides, Anthophila, 50
discolor, Choreutis, 55
discolor, Eutromula, 55
dispar, Atychia, 13
dispar, Bembecia, 39
dispar, Brachodes, 13
rfu/wr, Sciapteron, 39
Disposphecia [sic], 39
distincta, Melittia, 26
diva, Hemerophila, 56
</tVa, Walsinghamia, 56
divitiosa, Saptha, 55
dizona, Trichocerota, 22
djakonovi, Chamaesphecia, 35
<?xM, Melittia, 26
dohertyi, Ickneumenoptera, 23
dohertyi, Melanosphecia, 44
dohertyi, Paranthrene, 23
dolasona [sic], Choreutes [sic], 51
dolens, Melittia, 26
doleriformis, Aegeria, 42
doleriformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
doleriformis, Monopetalotaxis, 42
doleriformis, Sesia, 35
dolerilinea [sic], Chamaesphecia, 35
dollii, Paranthrene, 23
?fo//ii, Sciapteron, 23
Dolophrosyne, 44
balteata, 44
Dolophrosynella, 44
balteata, 44
dolopis, Cibdeloses, 15
dolosana, Choreutis, 51
dolosana, Millieria, 51
dominicki, Synanthedon, 30
donckieri, Hovaesia, 43
donckieri, Sesia, 43
doriliformis [sic], Chamaesphecia, 35
dorsal is, Zenodoxus, 22
dorsatiformis, Melittia, 26
doryceraeformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
doryceraeformis, Sesia, 35
doryliformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
doryliformis, Sesia, 35
drosodoxa, Choreutis, 51
drosodoxa, Prochoreutis, 51
drucei, Synanthedon, 30
dryodora, Choreutis, 54
dryodora, Simaethis, 54
ducellieri, Sesia, 39
dumonti, Chamaesphecia, 35
dumonti, Dipsosphecia, 39
<&/>/?, &?a, 30
duplex, Synanthedon, 30
duplex, Synanthedon, 31
duporti, Synanthedon, 30
dyarella, Choreutis, 51
dyarella, Prochoreutis, 51
<^an, Aegeria, 28
dyari, Hemerophila, 56
dybowskii, Album, 23
dybowskii, Paranthrene, 23
Echidgnathia vitrifascia [sic], 43
Echidgnathia, 43
vitrifasciata, 43
Ecrectica, 43
fasciata, 43
ectothyris, Melittia, 26
editha, Paranthrenopsis, 22
<r<fi/Aa, Tinthia, 22
edwardsii, Aegeria, 39
edwardsii, Penstemonia, 39
edwardsii, Sanninoidea, 30
elachista, Brenthia, 50
elaea, Melittia, 26
elampiformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
elampiformis, Sesia, 35
elatella, Brenthia, 50
elatella, Simaethis, 50
W&, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
elegans, Saphtha [sic], 55
elegans, Saptha, 55
elegans, Sesia, 32
ellenbergeri, Episannina, 25
ellenbergeri, Sura, 25
elymais, Aegeria, 41
elymais, Chamanthedon, 41
Embolostoma, 57
emphytiformis, Aegeria, 25
emphytiformis, Euhagena, 25
emphytiformis, Sesia, 33
empiformis, Sphinx, 34, 37
empinaeformis, Aegeria, 35
empinaeformis, Chamaesphecia, 35
emplecta, Choreutis, 54
emplecta, Simaethis, 54
enantia, Caloreas, 52
enantia, Porpe, 52
encomias, Symphorostola, 57
endopyra, Homogyna, 43
endopyra, Tinthia, 43
endoxantha, Melittia, 26
engelhardti, Carmenta, 38
Ennychia crassalis, 14
entechna, Choreutis, 54
entechna, Simaethis, 54
Entomoloma, 53
Entrichella, 22
pogonias, 22
Episannina, 41
albifrons, 41
chalybea, 41
flavicincta, 41
modesta, 41
perlucida, 41
zygaenura, 41
Episannina ellenbergeri, 25
melanochalcia, 25
episcopopa, Amphithales, 42
episcota, Atychia, 14
episcota, Miscera, 14
episotras, Brenthia, 50
Epitarsipus, 42
rufithorax, 42
equatoris, Choreutis, 54
equatoris, Simaethis, 54
erasmia, Euhagena, 25
eremocarpi, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
Eretmocera aeneiceps, 44
eriopis, Brenthia, 50
Erismatica, 43
erythropis, 43
erodiiphaga, Chamaesphecia, 36
erythranches, Trichocerota, 22
erythrina, Melittia, 26
erythrogama, Aegeria, 30
erythrogama, Synanthedon, 30
118 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
erythromma, Synanthedon, 30
erythropis, Erismatica, 43
erythrostigma, Sesia, 35
esakii, Zenodoxus, 22
ethiopica, Chamaesphecia, 30
ethiopica, Synanthedon, 30
Eublepharis, 43
ruficincta, 43
eubrachycera, Miscera, 14
eubrachycera, Sagalassa, 14
eucallynta, Phycodes, 15
euceraeformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
euceraeformis, Sesia, 35, 36
eucheripennis, Pennisetia, 21
euclista, Choreutis, 54
euclista, Simaethis, 54
euglossaeformis, Sesia, 35
Euhagena, 25
callipleura, 25
emphytiformis, 25
erasmia, 25
leucozona, 25
lilloi, 25
nebraskae, 25
nobilis, 25
variegata, 25
Euhagena hirsuta, 38
intensa, 25
mormoni, 25
Ewnallopoda, 25
laniremis, 25, 27
eumeniformis, Sesia, 36
eumeniformis, Sincara, 25
eumetra, Choreutis, 54
eumetra, Simaethis, 54
eupatorii, Aegeria, 38
Euryphrissa, 40
plumipes, 40
syngenica, 40
eurytion, Melittia, 26
eurytion, Melittia, 27
eurytion, Trochilium, 26, 27
Eusphecia, 27
eusphyra, Lophocnema, 21
eusphyra, Pennisetia, 21
Eustixis chrysauge, 14
Euthorybeta, 14
ochroplaca, 14
xanthoplaca, 14
Eutromula, 53
bathysema, 53
cunuligera, 54
cyanogramma, 54
discolor, 55
hypocroca, 54
mesolyma, 54
minuta, 54
sexfassiella [sic], 55
vinosa, 55
exanthista, Saptha, 55
exanthista, Tortyra, 55
excusana, Brenthia, 50
excusana, Simaethis, 50
exilis, Atychia, 13
exitiosa, Aegeria, 29, 30
exitiosa, Synanthedon, 30
exitissa [sic], Aegeria, 30
exocha, Asterivora, 53
exocha, Simaethis, 53
exochiformis, Aegeria, 31
exochiformis, Synanthedon, 31
exocka [sic], Simaethis, 53
expleta, Sesia, 35
extrincicella, Choreutis, 51
extrincicella, Prochoreutis, 51
extrinsecella, Choreutis, 51
fabriciana, Anthophila, 50
fabriciana, Phalaena (Tortrix), 50
fabricii, Anthophila, 50
fallax, Atychia, 13
fallax, Brachodes, 13
fallax, Sesia, 37
falsifica, Choreutis, 54
fabifica, Simaethis, 54
falsissima, Melanoxena, 56
fasciata, Aegerosphecia, 42
fasciata, Asterivora, 53
fasciata, Ecrectica, 43
fasciata, Melittia, 42
fasciata, Simaethis, 53
fasciatus, Atychia, 13
fasciatus, Brachodes, 13
fasciculipes, Aegeria, 31
fasciculipes, Synanthedon, 31
fasciventris, Paranthrene, 23
fassliana, Hilarographa, 57
fatifera, Synanthedon, 31
fatma, Pyropteron, 35
Fatua, 23
palmii,t 24
felderi, Anaudia, 42, 43
felderi, Anaudia, 43
Felderiola, 42
felis, Hemerophila, 56
fenestrata, Paranthrene, 23
fenusaeformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
fenusaeformis, Sesia, 36
feralis, Paranthrene, 23
feralis, Sciapteron, 23
ferdinandi, Synanthedon, 31
fergana [sic], Chamaesphecia, 36
ferganae, Chamaesphecia, 36
ferratella, Tortyra, 56
ferrugata, Alcathoe, 38
ferruginea, Osminia, 28
fervens, Pyropteron, 39
fervida, Paranthrene, 23
fervida, &sia, 23
festai, Chamaesphecia, 36
festiva, Sesia, 41
festiva, Tipulamima, 41
fibrana [sic], Porpe, 52
Ficivora, 22
leucoteles, 22
filipjevi, Anthophila, 50
fitchi [sic], Conopia, 31
fitchii, Aegeria, 30
fixseni, Sphecia, 21
flammans, Homogyna, 43
flammans, Paranthrene, 23
flammans, Pyranthrene, 43
flammans, Sciapteron, 23
flammens, Sphinx, 31
flammeus [sic], Synanthedon, 31
flammipes, Macrotarsipus, 41
flammipes, Tipulamima, 41
flava, Aegeria, 31, 32
flava, Synanthedon, 31
flavescens, Atychia, 13
flavescens, Brachodes, 13
flavicaudata, Aegeria, 31
flavicaudata, Synanthedon, 31
flavicincta, Episannina, 41
flavicincta, Ichneumenoptera, 31
flavicincta, Synanthedon, 31
flavicincta, Zenodoxus, 22
flavicollis, Sesia, 28
flavicollis, Sphecodoptera, 28
flavida, Bembecia, 39
flavida, Sesia, 39
flavifrons, Paranthrene, 23
flavifrons, Tipulamima, 41
flavimaculata, Choreutis, 54
flavimaculata, Simaethis, 54
flavina, Pyropteron, 35
flavipalpis [sic], Ichneumenoptera, 31
flavipalpis, Lepidopoda, 31
flavipalpis, Synanthedon, 31
flavipalpus, Ichneumenoptera, 31
flavipalpus, Synanthedon, 31
flavipectus, Ichneumenoptera, 31
flavipectus, Synanthedon, 31
flavipectus, Synanthedon, 31
flavipes, Aegeria, 41
NUMBER 314 119
flavipes, Chamanthedon, 41
flavipes, Sesia, 21
flavitibia, Melittia, 28
flaviventris, Melittia, 26
flaviventris, Sesia, 31
flaviventris, Synanthedon, 31
flavizonata, Sophona, 22
flavoabdominalis, Chamaesphecia, 37
flavocastanea, Leptaegeria, 40
flavocingulata, Trochilium, 30
flavostigma, Synanthedon, 31
flavostrigata, Synanthedon, 31
floricola, Sesia, 36
Jloridensis, Pyrrhotaenia, 28, 33
Jlorisantella [sic], Synanthedon, 38
florissantella, Sesia, 38
foeniformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
foeniformis, Sesia, 36
foenusaeformis, Sesia, 36
formicaeformis, Sphinx, 31
formicaeformis, Synanthedon, 31
formosana, Melittia, 26
formosana, Tortyra, 56
formosensis, Brent hia, 50
formosicola, Paranthrene, 23
formosus, Atychia, 13
formosus, Brachodes, 13
fort is, Bembecia, 39
fragariae, Pynhotaenia, 32
fraxini, Albuna, 25
fraxini, Carmen ta, 24, 25
fraxini, Trochilium, 37
fredi, Chamaesphecia, 36
friesei, Chamaesphecia, 36
fulgent, Choregia, 56
fulgens, Tortyra, 56
fulgurita, Brachodes, 13
fulgurita, Chimaera, 13
fulminea, Choreutis, 54
fulminea, Simaethis, 54
fulva, Synanthedon, 31
Julvipes, Aegeria, 31
fulvipes, Chamanthedon, 41
Julvipes, Lepidopoda, 41
fulvipes, Synanthedon, 31
fulvistriga, Trichocerota, 22
fulviventris, Aegerosphecia, 42
Julvopyga, Sesia, 31
fulvopyga, Synanthedon, 31
Julvusororcula, Dipsosphecia, 39
fiunosa, Sphecia, 28
Jumosa, Synanthedon, 29
funebris, Brachodes, 13
funebris, Chimera [sic], 13
funebris, Melanosphecia, 44
Junebris, Melittia, 44
Junebris, Pyropteron, 35
funesta, Melittia, 26
fuscidorsis, Choreutis, 52
fuscidorsis, Tebenna, 52
gabuna, Sesia, 31
gabuna, Synanthedon, 31
gaderensis, Aegeria, 31
gaderensis, Synanthedon, 31
gaditana, Atychia, 13
Gaea, 25
arizonensis, 29
leucozona, 25
palmi [sic], 38
gallica, Sesia, 39
gallivorum,Trochilium, 33
galloisi, Conopia, 33
gamicopis, Brenthia, 50
gaudens, Aegeria, 41
gaudens, Chamanthedon, 41
gauridana, Rhobonda, 57
Gauris, 56
arcigera, 56
biferana, 56
bigerana, 56
canofusana, 56
cinctipes, 56
contrariana, 56
lacunaris, 56
pulsana, 56
/ru<?, 56
velatana, 56
gaurisana, Rhobonda, 57
gehleni, Sesia, 45
geliformis, Aegeria, 31
geliformis, Synanthedon, 31
gemmalis, Chalcoela, 52
gemmalis, Tebenna, 52
gephyra, Melittia, 26
geraropa, Melisophista, 44
germaini, Synanthedon, 31
gigantea, Melittia, 26
gigantipes, Megalosphecia, 43
giliae, Aegeria, 38
giliae, Carmenta, 38
glaucopiformis, Toosa, 45
gloriosa, Aegeria, 28
gloriosa, Melittia, 26
gloriosa, Sesia, 28
Glossecia, 21
Glossosphecia, 27
Glyphipteryx [sic], plenella, 44
glyptaeformis, Aegeria, 31
glyptaeformis, Synanthedon, 31
gnaphaliella, Choreutis, 52
gnaphaliella, Tebenna, 52
gnaphiella [sic], Choreutis, 52
Cora, 14
aequalis, 14
gracilis, Ichneumenoptera, 31
gracilis, Paranthrene, 23
gracilis, Sciapteron, 23
gracilis, Synanthedon, 31
gradella, Hemerophila, 56
graeca, Sciapteron, 32
graefi, Sciapteron, 30
graejii [sic], Sanninoidea, 30
grammodes, Litobrenthia, 49
grandidieri, Macrotarsipodes, 41
grandidieri, Tipulamima, 41
grandis, Melittia, 26
grandis, Melittia, 26
grandis, Trochilium, 26
gratiosa, Choreutis, 54
gratiosa, Simaethis, 54
gravesi, Sesia, 28
gravis, Aegeria, 21, 22
gravis, Paradoxecia, 22
Grotea, 37
longipes, 37
grotei, Paranthrene, 23
jroto, Pseudosesia, 23
gruneri, Bembecia, 39
gruneri [sic], Dipsosphecia, 39
gruneri, Sciapteron, 39
Grypopalpia, 43
iridescens, 43
Guaris [sic], 56
guatemalana [sic], Synanthedon, 31
guatemalena, Aegeria, 31
guatemalena, Synanthedon, 31
guineabia, Aegeria, 31
guineabia, Synanthedon, 31
guriensis, Chamaesphecia, 36
guriensis, Sesia, 36
guyanensis, Synanthedon, 31
Gymnosophistis, 43
thyrsodoxa, 43
gypsospora, Agriomelissa, 42
haberhaueri, Chamaesphecia, 36
haberhaueri, Sesia, 36
hadassa, Aegeria, 31
hadassa, Synanthedon, 31
hades, Aegeria, 31
hades, Synanthedon, 31
hadrogastra, Choreutis, 51
hadrogastra, Prochoreutis, 51
haematica, Synanthedon, 31
120 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
haematochrodes, Aschistophleps, 43
haematochrodes, Heterosphecia, 43
haematopis, Melittia, 26
haemorrhoidalis, Sesia, 31
haemorrhoidalis, Sphinx, 39
haemorrhoidalis, Synanthedon, 31
halictiformis, Sesia, 35
halictipennis, Sophona, 22
halimora, Anthophila, 50
halimora, Simaethis, 50
halmyris, Aegeria, 31
halmyris, Synanthedon, 31
hampsoni, Cryptomima, 41
hampsoni, Melittia, 26
hampsoni, Mimocrypta, 41
hampsoni, Synanthedon, 31
hannemanni, Bembecia, 39
harmandi, Paranthrenopsis, 22
Harmonia, 24
morrisoni, 24, 25
harmonica, Brenthia, 50
harti, Aegeria, 31
harti, Synanthedon, 31
haugi, Macrotarsipodes, 41
haugi, Tipulamima, 41
hecataea, Brenthia, 49
heckmanniae, Lenyra, 43
heckmanniae, Lenyrhova, 43
hector, Aegeria, 31
hector, Synanthedon, 31
heinrichi, Synanthedon, 31
hela, Aegeria, 31
hela, Synanthedon, 31
Helena, Aegeria, 31
helena, Synanthedon, 31
helenis, Carmenta, 31
helenis, Synanthedon, 31
helianthi, Pyrrhotaenia, 2>1
heliaspis, Rhobonda, 57
heliaspis, Tortyra, 57
heliostoma, Chamanthedon, 41
Hemerophila, 56
albertiana, 56
arcigera, 56
biferana, 56
bigerana, 56
canofusana, 56
chorica, 56
cinctipes, 56
contrariana, 56
contubernalis, 56
diva, 56
dyari, 56
felis, 56
gradella, 56
houttuinialis, 56
immarginata, 56
laciniosella, 56
meratella, 56
milliaria, 56
musicosema, 56
ophiodesma, 56
orinympha, 56
rimulalis, 56
scenophora, 56
triacmias, 56
tristis, 56
velatana, 56
xutholopa, 56
Hemerophila, 53
alpinella, 50
chi, 53
houttuynialis, 56
huituinalis [sic], 56
isthmia, 56
montana, 54
topitis, 55
ussuriensis, 53
hemicamina, Callatolmis, 14
hemicamina, Sisyroctenis, 14
hemigymna, Synanthedon, 31
hemizonae [sic], Synanthedon, 29
hemizoniae, Aegeria, 29
hennei, Penstemonia, 38
henrici, Paranthrene, 23
henshawii, Aegeria, 33
heptachalca, Hoplophractis, 15
heptacosma, Brenthia, 50
Herbula multiferalis, 55
submarginalis, 55
hermione, Aegeria, 31
hermione, Synanthedon, 31
hermosa, Melittia, 26
herrichii, Sesia, 36
hervei, Melittia, 26
hestiarcha, Choreutis, 54
heterodesma, Paranthrene, 23
heterogyna, Lepidopoda, 40
Heterosphecia, 43
cruentata, 43
haematochrodes, 43
melissoides, 43
myticus, 43
heterozyga, Miscera, 14
heucherae, Zenodoxus, 22
hexaselena, Brenthia, 50
hilariformis, Aegeria, 41
hilariformis, Chamanthedon, 41
Hilarographa fassliana, 57
himmighoffeni, Bembecia, 39
himmighoffeni, Sesia, 39
hippolyte, Aegeria, 31
hippolyte, Synanthedon, 31
hirayamai, Varanthrene, 24
hirsuta, Euhagena, 38
hirtipes, Podens, 27
hirudinicomis, Phycodes, 14, 15
hispides, Aegeria, 31
hispides, Synanthedon, 31
holachyrma, Choreutis, 54
holachyrma, Simaethis, 54
holodisca, Miscera, 14
holotoxa, Choreutis, 51
holotoxa, Prochoreutis, 51
hombergi, Rodolphia, 44
Homogyna, 43
albicincta, 43
alluaudi, 43
endopyra, 43
flammans, 43
ignivittata, 43
pyrophora, 43
sanguicosta, 43
spadicicorpus, 43
xanthophora, 43
homotona, Balataea, 14
homotona, Miscera, 14
homotropha, Lepidopoda, 40
homotypa, Asterivora, 53
homotypa, Choreutis, 53
hoplisiformis, Paranthrene, 22
hoplisiformis, Zenodoxus, 22
Hoplophractis, 15
heptachalca, 15
hospes, Trochilium, 33
houlberti, Melittia, 26
houqua [sic], Conopia, 31
houttuinalis [sic], Simaethis, 56
houttuinialis, Hemerophila, 56
houttuinialis, Phalaena (Pyralis), 56
houttuynialis, Hemerophila, 56
houttuynnialis, Botys, 56
Hovaesia, 43
donckieri, 43
howqua, Aegeria, 31
howqua, Synanthedon, 31
huituinalis [sic], Hemerophila, 56
humerosa, Melittia, 26
hungarica, Sesia, 37
huron, Vitacea, 24
hyalochrysa, Paranthrene, 23
hyaloptera, Hypomelittia, 42
hyaloxantha, Melittia, 26
hyalozona, Tortyra, 56
hyblaeella, Tegna, 14, 15
NUMBER 314 121
hylaeiformis, Pennisetia, 21
hylaeiformis, Sesia, 21
hyleiformis, Sesia, 21
hyligenes, Choreutis, 54
hyligenes, Simaethis, 54
hylotomiformis, Aegeria, 24, 25
hymenaea, Caloreas, 52
hymenaea, Choreutis, 52
Hymcnoclea, 38
palmii, 38
Hymenophecia [sic], 43
hymenopteriformis, Bembecia, 39
hymenopteriformis, Sesia, 39
Hymenosphecia, 43
albomaculata, 43
Hypanthcdon, 42
marisa, 42
Hypanthedon marisca [sic], 42
hyperici, Aegeria, 33
hypocalla, Simaethis, 50
hypocalla, Tipulamima, 41
hypochalcia, Synanthedon, 31
hypochroma, Chamanthedon, 41
hypocroca, Choreutis, 54
hypocroca, Eutromula, 54
Hypomelittia, 41
hyaloptera, 42
ialeura, Choreutis, 54
ialeura, Simaethis, 54
Ichneumenoptera, 29
albiventris, 31
auripes, 29, 31
caeruleifascia, 29
caerulipes, 29
cyanescens, 30
dohertyi, 23
flavicincta, 31
flavipalpis [sic], 31
Jlavipalpus, 31
flavipectus, 31
gracilis, 31
ignifera, 31
xanthosoma, 34
xanthosome [sic], 34
ichneumoniformis, Sphinx, 33, 38, 39,
40
ichthyopa, Iridostoma, 57
icteropus, Sesia, 35, 36
Idiopogon, 43
uranopla, 43
Idiothauma, 57
idiotropha, Ceritrypetes, 37
ignicauda, Conopia, 31
ignicauda, Sura, 25
ignicauda, Synanthedon, 31
ignicauda, Trilochana, 25
ignicollis, Sesia, 28
ignicollis, Trochilium, 28
ignidiscata, Melittia, 27
ignifera, Ichneumenoptera, 31
ignifera, Synanthedon, 31
igniflua, Pennisetia, 21
igniflua, Sesia, 21
ignita, Choregia, 56
ignita, Tortyra, 56
ignivittata, Homogyna, 43
ili, Bembecia, 39
illustris, Sesia, 40
imitata, Aegeria, 38
immarginata, Hemerophila, 56
immutabilis, Choreutis, 52
immutabilis, Tebenna, 52
imperator, Melittia, 26
imperfecta, Aegeria, 30
impropria, Aegeria, 29
incanae, Zenodoxus, 22
incerta, Choreutis, 51
incerta, Prochoreutis, 51
incisalis, Asopia, 53, 54
inclemens, Thamnoscelis, 44
incognita, Aegeria, 28
indica, Melittia, 26, 27
indica, Melittia, 27
inexpectata, Pyropteron, 35
infandus, Atychia, 13
infandus, Brachodes, 13
infera, Lepidopoda, 40
infernalis, Chamaesphecia, 36
injirma, Aegeria, 38
inflatella, Brenthia, 51
inflatella, Prochoreutis, 51
injusca, Sesia, 39
injuscata, Sesia, 31
infuscata, Synanthedon, 31
inscriptana, Choreutis, 54
inscriptana, Simaethis, 54
insidiosa, Sesia, 31
insidiosa, Synanthedon, 31
insignis, Scoliomima, 44
insignis, Trilochana, 44
insolitus, Paranthrene, 23
inspirata, Choreutis, 52
inspirata, Tebenna, 52
inspoliata, Asterivora, 53
inspoliata, Simaethis, 53
insularis, Paranthrene, 23
insularis, Pseudosesia, 23
intensa, Euhagena, 25
intermedia [sic], Choreutis, 51
intermedia, Paranthrene, 24
intermedia, Pyropteron, 35
intermediana, Choreutis, 51
intermediana, Prochoreutis, 51
intervenata, Trichocerota, 22
inusitata, Aegeria, 32
inversa, Synanthedon, 30
iochondra, Asterivora, 53
iochondra, Simaethis, 53
iranica, Chamaesphecia, 36
Irianassa, 57
iridescens, Grypopalpia, 43
iridina, Paranthrene, 23
iridisquama, Melittia, 26
iridopa, Saptha, 55
iridopa, Tortyra, 55
Iridostoma, 57
ichthyopa, 57
irimochla, Choreutis, 54
irimochla, Simaethis, 54
iris, Synanthedon, 31
irradiata, Choreutis, 51
irradiata, Prochoreutis, 51
irridens, Choreutis, 54
irridens, Simaethis, 54
ischniformis, Aegeria, 31
ischniformis, Synanthedon, 31
Isocylindra, 43
melitosoma, 43
isomacha, Miscera, 14
isomacha, Sagalassa, 14
Isothamnis, 43
prisciformis, 43
isozona, Albuna, 25
isozona, Sesia, 25
isshikii, Choreutis, 52
isshikii, Tebenna, 52
issikii [sic], Tebenna, 52
issikii, Zenodoxus, 22
isthmia, Hemerophila, 56
ithacae, Carmenta, 38
ithacae, Sesia, 38
itriodes, Choreutis, 54
itriodes, Simaethis, 54
ivondro, Tipulamima, 41
jakuta, Bembecia, 39
jakuta, Sesia, 39
japona, Melittia, 27
japonica, Brenthia, 49
japonica, Choreutis, 54
japonica, Litobrenthia, 49
japonica, Simaethis, 54
javana, Melittia, 26
javana, Paranthrene, 23
122 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
javana, Synanthedon, 31
joannisi, Sesia, 39
Jonaca, 14
compulsana, 14
cryptopyrrhella, 14
nephelospila, 14
olivacea, 14
joppiformis, Sesia, 35
josepha, Melittia, 27
jucunda, Sciapteron, 24
kabylaria, Synanthedon, 30
kalavrytana, Bembecia, 39
kalavrytana, Dipsosphecia, 39
kaszabi, Scalarignatha, 37
kathyae, Synanthedon, 31
kautzi, Chamaesphecia, 36
kawabei, Tebenna, 52
Kemneriella, 28
malaiseorum, 28
keredjella, Atychia, 13
keredjella, Brachodes, 13
khmer, Melittia, 27
kiiensis, Choreutis, 49
kochiensis, Simaethis, 53
koebelei, Aegeria, 33
korites, Alcathoe, 39
korites, Sanmina, 38
koshantschikovi, Chamaesphecia, 36
kulluana, Melittia, 27
kuluana [sic], Melittia, 27
kungessana, Sciapteron, 24
laboissierei, Melittia, 26
laciniosella, Hemerophila, 56
lactibasis, Caloreas, 52
lactibasis, Porpe, 52
lacvnaris, Gauris, 56
laeta, Aegeria, 31
laeta, Synanthedon, 31
laetus, Atychia, 13
laetus, Brachodes, 13
lagopus, Melittia, 27
lahayei, Chamaesphecia, 36
lahayei, Sesia, 36
lambomella, Tinthia, 11
lambornella, Trichocerota, 22
lamella, Cronicombra, 57
lamella, Porpe, 57
lampadias, Asterivora, 53
lampadias, Choreutis, 53
lampadura, Sura, 25
lampropoda, Aschistophleps, 43
lanipes [sic], Tarsopoda, 41
lanipes, Chamaesphecia, 36
lanipes, Sesia, 36
laniremis, Eumallopoda, 25, 27
laniremis, Melittia, 27
laniremis [sic], Melittia, 27
laphriaeformis, Sphinx, 28
lapidaria, Choreutis, 52
lapidaria, Tebenna, 52
Larunda, 25
palmii, 11
solituda, 25
lose waits, Choreutis, 57
lascivalis, Ozarba, 57
lasicera, Bembecia, 39
lasicera, Trochilium, 39
lasiocera, Similipepsis, 44
laspeyres, Sesia, 29
laticincta, Sesia, 31
laticincta, Synanthedon, 31
laticivora, Aegeria, 31
laticivora, Synanthedon, 31
laticraspedontis, Synanthedon, 31
latimargo, Aenigmina, 42
latimargo, Melittia, 27
lecerfl, Chamaesphecia, 36
lecerfi, Chamaespechia, 39
lecerfl, Paranthrene, 23
le cerfi, Sesia, 36
lecerfi, Sesia, 36
lecerfi, Synanthedon, 31
ledereri, Chamaesphecia, 34
leechi, Simaethis [sic], 57
leechi, Simaethistis, 57
leiaeformis, Aegeria, 11
leiaeformis, Trichocerota, 22
le moulti, Myrmecosphecia, 11
lemoulti, Myrmecosphecia, 22
le moulti, Synanthedon, 31
lemoulti, Synanthedon, 31
lemur, Chamaesphecia, 36
lentistriata, Melittia, 27
Lenyra, 43
ashtaroth, 43
simonyi, 43
Lenyra heckmanniae, 43
tonkiniana, 43
Lenyrhova, 43
heckmanniae, 43
Lepidopoda, 40
andrepiclera, 40
heterogyna, 40
homotropha, 40
infera, 40
lutescens, 40
pictipes, 40
sylphina, 40
sylvestralis, 40
tenuimarginata, 40
xanthopimplaeformis, 40
Lepidopoda albifrons, 41
andrepiclera [sic], 40
andrepictura, 40
auripes, 31
flavipalpis, 31
julvipes, 41
obliquizona, 44
xanthogyna, 38
Leptaegeria, 40
axiomnemoneuta, 40
cillutincariensis, 40
costalimai, 40
flavocastanea, 40
schreiteri, 40
leptilonella, Choreutis, 52
leptilonella, Tebenna, 52
Leptocimbicina, 23
aurivena, 23
leptocosma, Brenthia, 50
leptomorpha, Aegeria, 31
leptomorpha, Synanthedon, 31
leptosceles, Synanthedon, 31
lethafca, Choreutis, 54
lethaea, Simaethis, 54
leucaspis, Aethria, 45
leucaspis, Sphinx, 45
leucatoma, Brenthia, 50
leucobasis, Caloreas, 52
leucobasis, Choreutis, 52
leucocera, Chamanthedon, 41
leucocera, Paranthrene, 23
leucocnemis, Chamaesphecia, 36
leucocyanea, Synanthedon, 31
leucogaster, Conopia, 31
leucogaster, Melittia, 27
leucogaster, Synanthedon, 31
leucomelaena, Chamaesphecia, 36
leucomelaena, Sesia, 36
leucoparea, Chamaesphecia, 36
leucoparea, Sesia, 36
leucophi/ormis [sic], Sphinx, 36
leucopis, Miscera, 14
leucopleura, Chamanthedon, 41
leucopsiformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
leucopsiformis, Sesia, 36
leucopsiformis, Sphinx, 34, 36
leucopsis [sic], Chamaesphecia, 45
leucopyga, Alcathoe, 38
NUMBER 314 123
leucospidiformis [sic], Sesia, 34, 36
leucoteles, Ficivora, 22
leucozona, Euhagena, 25
leucozona, Gaea, 25
leucozonipus, Crinipus, 41
Leuthneria, 43
ruficincta, 43
libanota, Saptha, 55
libanota, Tortyra, 55
lilloi, Euhagena, 25
limata, Nigilgia, 15
limonias, Choreutis, 54
limonias, Simaethis, 54
limpida, Paranthrene, 23
lindseyi, Melittia, 26
linozona, Trichocerota, 22
lioscelis, Macrotarsipus, 43
lithocrossa, Brenthia, 50
Litobrenthia, 49
grammodes, 49
japonica, 49
stephanephora, 49
lodimana, Paranthrene, 23
lodtmana, SciapUron, 23
loewii, Chamaesphecia, 36
loewii, Sesia, 36
logistis, Brenthia, 50
lomatiaeformis, Bembecia, 39
lomatiaeformis, Sesia, 39
longipes, Alonina, 42
longipes, Cicinnoscelis, 42
longipes, Grolea, 37
longipes, Macroscelesia, 43
longipes, Melittia, 43
longipes, Sesia, 28, 32
longipes, Synanthedon, 32
Lophoceps, 42
abdominalis, 42
alenicola, 42
cyaniris, 42
quinquepuncta, 42
tetrazona, 42
Lophoceps quinquepunctata [sic], 42
Lophocnema, 21
eusphyra, 21
loranthi, Aegeria, 32
loranthi, Synanthedon, 32
louisa, Melittia, 27
louisae, Dipsosphecia, 37
loxotenes, Caloreas, 52
loxotenes, Porpe, 52
lucasi, Synanthedon, 30
lucasseni, Choregia, 15
lucida, Atychia, 13
lucida, Paranthrena [sic], 22
luctuosa, Sesia, 32
luctuosa, Synanthedon, 32
ludiflca, Choreutis, 54
ludifica, Simaethis, 54
luggeri, Trochiliwm, 24
lugubris, Sesia, 40
lugubris, Synanthedon, 30
luminifera, Brenthia, 50
luminosa, Sannina, 30
lupini, Aegeria, 29
luridana, Amphisa, 54
lustrans, Trochilium, 38
lutescens, Choreutis, 54
lutescens, Lepidopoda, 40
lutescens, Simaethis, 54
luticomis, Dipsosphecia, 39
lutosa, Anthophila, 54
Lycomorpha coleoptrata, 14
lygaeopa, Choreutis, 54
lygaeopa, Simaethis, 54
Lygronoma, 57
sporimaea, 57
lygropis, Miscera, 14
lytea, Sincara, 25
macropa, Anthophila, 55
Macropia, 53
macropus, Xenoses, 44
macropyga, Sesia, 32
macropyga, Synanthedon, 32
Macroscelesia, 43
longipes, 43
macrospila, Saptha, 56
macrospila, Tortyra, 56
Macrotarsipes [sic], 43
Macrotarsipodes, 41
grandidieri, 41
haugi, 41
tricincta, 41
tricinctus, 41
waterloti, 41
Macrotarsipus, 43
africana, 43
albipunctus, 43
lioscelis, 43
microthyris, 43
Macrotarsipus albipunctatus [sic], 43
flammipes, 41
sexualis, 41
maculata, Phycodes, 15
maculiferum, Trochilium, 28
maculipes, Zenodoxus, 22
maculiventris, Synanthedon, 32
madariae, Aegeria, 29
madureae, Melittia, 27
maeonia, Sincara, 25
maghrebica, Pyropteron, 35
magnifica, Melittia, 27
major, Pyropteron, 37
malachitis, Brenthia, 50
malacozona, Tortyra, 56
malaiseorum, Kemneriella, 28
Malgassesia, 42
ankaratralis, 42
pauliani, 42
rufescens, 42
seyrigi, 42
malimba, Sesia, 41
malimba, Tipulamima, 41
mamertina, Sesia, 40
mandana, Pyropteron, 35
mandarina, Sphecia, 28
manilia, Sincara, 25
mannii, Chamaesphecia, 36
mannii, Sesia, 36
manoba, Sincara, 25
marangana, Melittia, 27
mania [sic], Sesia, 33
mania, Tarsopoda, 28
mardia, Aegeria, 32
mardia, Synanthedon, 32
margaritosa, Pyropteron, 39
margiana, Chamaesphecia, 36
marginata, Pennisetia, 21
marginata, Trochilium, 21
marica, Sesia, 33
mariona, Carmenta, 38
mariona, Sesia, 38
marisa, Aegeria, 42
marisa, Hypanthedon, 42
marisca [sic], Hypanthedon, 42
marmarea, Asterivora, 53
marmarea, Simaethis, 53
maroccana, Synanthedon, 30
martenii, Synanthedon, 32
martjanovi, Synanthedon, 32
masariformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
masariformis, Sesia, 32, 36
masariformis, Setia [sic], 32
maunisia, Chamaesphecia, 36
meadii, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
mediana, Cotaena, 44
mediterranean Atychia, 13
meed, Paranthrene, 23
meekiy Melittia, 26
meeki, Paranthrene, 23
124 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
meeki, Sciapteron, 23
Megalosphecia, 43
callosoma, 43
gigantipes, 43
Megalosphecia obscura, 43
megillaeformis, Bembecia, 39
megillaeformis, Sphinx, 39
melanifera, Choreutis, 52
melanina, Pyropteron, 35
melanocephala, Sesia, 28
melanocera, Conopia, 38
melanochalcia, Episannina, 25
melanochalcia, Sura, 25
melanoformis, Aegeria, 28
melanopepla, Choreutis, 54
melanopepla, Simaethis, 54
melanophleps, Chamaesphecia, 35
melanoptera, Chamanthedon, 41
Melanosphecia, 43
atra, 43
auricollis, 44
dohertyi, 44
funebris, 44
Melanosphecia bouvieri, 44
melanostoma, Sphecosesia, 44
melanoxantha [sic], Pyropteron, 39
melanoxanthia, Pyropteron, 39
Melanoxena, 56
falsissima, 56
melasomon, Sciapteron, 40
melini, Alcathoe, 38
melini, Synanthedon, 31
Melisophista, 44
geraropa, 44
melissoides, Aschistophleps, 43
melissoides, Heterosphecia, 43
Melitha [sic], 25
melitosoma, Isocylindra, 43
Melitta [sic], 25
Melittia, 25
abyssiniensis, 26
acosmetes, 26
aethiopica, 26
amblyphaea, 26
amboinensis, 26
arcangelii, 26
astarte, 26
aureosquamata, 26
auripiumia, 26
aurociliata, 26
azrael, 26
batchiana, 26
bergii, 26
binghami, 26
bombiliformis, 26
boulleti, 26
brabanti, 26
brevicornis, 26
butleri, 26
calabaza, 26
callosoma, 26
chalconota, 26
chalybescens, 26
chimana, 26
chrysobapta, 26
chrysogaster, 26
combusta, 26
congruens, 26
cucurbitae, 26
cyaneifera, 26
dangeloi, 27
dichroipus, 26
distincta, 26
dolens, 26
ectothyris, 26
elaca, 26
endoxantha, 26
erythrina, 26
eurytion, 26
flaviventris, 26
formosana, 26
funesta, 26
gephyra, 26
gigantea, 26
gloriosa, 26
grandis, 26
haematopis, 26
hampsoni, 26
hervei, 26
hyaloxantha, 26
imperator, 26
indica, 26, 27
iridisquama, 26
japona, 27
josepha, 27
khmer, 27
kulluana, 27
lagopus, 27
laniremis, 27
latimargo, 27
lentistriata, 27
leucogaster, 27
louisa, 27
madureae, 27
magnifica, 27
marangana, 27
moluccaensis, 27
natalensis, 27
ncpcha, 27
newara, 27
nigra, 27
notabilis, 27
oberthueri, 27
oedipus, 27
pauper, 27
pellecta, 27
phorcus, 27
pomponia, 27
powelli, 27
proxima, 27
pulchripes, 27
pyropis, 27
hograndensis, 27
rufescens, 27
rufodorsa, 27
rugia, 27
rutilipes, 27
sangaica, 27
scoliiformis, 27
siamica, 27
smithi, 27
snowii, 27
staudingeri, 27
sulphureopyga, 27
superba, 27
tabanus, 27
tayuyana, 27
tibialis, 27
tigripes, 26
umbrosa, 27
ursipes, 27
usambara, 27
victrix, 27
volatilis, 27
xanthodes, 27
xanthogaster, 27
xanthopus, 27
Melittia aemscens, 27
ambigua, 24
amoena, 26
andraeniformis [sic], 42
andraenipennis, 42
anthedoniformis, 25, 26
arcangeli [sic], 26
arrecta, 26
asiatica, 26
auricollis, 44
auristrigata, 44
azrael [sic], 26
bamesi, 26
beckeri, 26
bombyliformis, 26
bombylipennis, 26
burmana, 26
celebica, 26
chmer, 27
chrysescens, 27
congoana, 26
NUMBER 314 125
cyanifera [sic], 26
d'angeloi, 27
doddi, 26
dorsatiformis, 26
eurytion, 27
fasciata, 42
Jlavitibia, 28
funebris, 44
grandis, 26
hermosa, 26
houlberti, 26
humerosa, 26
ignidiscata, 27
indica, 27
javana, 26
kuluana [sic], 27
laboissierei, 26
lanireniis [sic], 27
lindseyi, 26
longipes, 43
m*r*/, 26
microfenestrata, 26
mysolica, 42
ntpeha [sic], 27
oberthuri, 27
occidentalis, 27
oedipoides, 27
oedippus [sic], 27
productalis, 23
proserpina, 26
reducta, 27
satyriformis [sic], 26
satyriniformis, 26
strigipennis, 26
sumatrana, 26
superba, 26
thaumasia, 26
thoracalis, 27
viridisquama [sic], 26
Melittina, 26
nigra, 26, 27
wi*//t, Aegeria, 32
melii, Synanthedon, 32
melliniformis, Sesia, 34
mellinipennis, Sesia, 32
mellinipennis, Synanthedon, 32
melodica, Brenthia, 50
melophaga, Choreutis, 54
melophaga, Simaethis, 54
Memythrus, 22
perlucida, 24
meratella, Hcmerophila, 56
mercatrix, Aegeria, 32
mercatrix, Synanthedon, 32
meriaeformis, Sesia, 35, 40
meriiformis [sic], SMUI, 34
merothyris [sic], Paranlhrene, 23
mesatma, Tinthia, 21
mesiaeformis, Sesia, 32
mesiaeformis, Synanthedon, 32
mesiiformis [sic], &jta, 32
mesochoriformis, Aegeria, 32
mesochoriformis, Synanthedon, 32
mesochrysa, Atychia, 14
mesochrysa, Miscera, 14
mesolyma, Choreutis, 54
mesolyma, Eutromula, 54
mesopotamica, Phycodes, 15
mesopotamicus, Atychia, 13
mesopotamicus, Brachodes, 13
mesostenos, Aegerina, 40
mesothyris, Paranthrene, 23
metachryseis, Aschistophleps, 43
metachrysis [sic], Aschistophleps, 43
metallescens, Conopyga, 43
metallica, Choreutis, 54
metallica, Paranthrene, 23
metallica, Sagalassa, 14
metallica, Sciapteron, 23
metallica, Simaethis, 54
Metasphecia, 42
vuilleti, 42
metaspilus, Atychia, 13
metaspilus, Brachodes, 13
metaxantha, Paranthrene, 23
metazonata, Thyranthrene, 44
methyalina, Micrecia, 42
mexicanus, Zenodoxus, 22
micalis, Choreutis, 52
micalis, Tebenna, 52
micra, Chamaesphecia, 36
micrastra, Miscera, 14
Micrecia, 42
methyalina, 42
Microaethia, 49
amphicarpeoeana, 49, 50
microfenestrata, Melittia, 26
microlitha, Asterivora, 53
microlitha, Simaethis, 53
Microsphecia, 22
suisharyonis, 22
tineiformis, 22
Microsynanthedon, 42
ambrensis, 42
microthyris, Macrotarsipus, 43
microthyris, Paranthrene, 24
Mictocommosis, 57
nigromaculata, 57
Mictopsichia, 57
milliaria, Hemerophila, 56
milliaria, Simaethis, 56
Aft7/wra [sic], 51
Milliereia, 51
Millieria, 51
dolosana, 51
Millieroa [sic], 51
Mimocrypta, 41
hampsoni, 41
mimuli, Aegeria, 38
mimuli, Carmenta, 38
mimus, Synanthedon, 32
miniacea, Sesia, 35, 36
minianiformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
minianiformis, Sesia, 36
minima, Chamaesphecia, 36
minimum, Trochilium, 28
ministra, Asterivora, 53
ministra, Simaethis, 53
minor, Phycodes, 15
minor, S?ia, 36
minorata, Sesia, 34
minuta, Carmenta, 28
minuta, Choreutis, 54
minuta, Eutromula, 54
minuta, Paranthrene, 24
minuta, Pramila, 24
minutulus, Atychia, 13
minutulus, Brachodes, 13
miranda, Dipsospheda, 40
mirza, Chamaesphecia, 36
Miscera, 14
ambigua, 14
ampla, 14
androgyna, 14
basichrysa, 14
centropus, 14
conspersa, 14
desmotoma, 14
diabolus, 14
episcota, 14
eubrachycera, 14
heterozyga, 14
holodisca, 14
homotona, 14
isomacha, 14
leucopis, 14
lygropis, 14
mesochrysa, 14
micrastra, 14
omichleutis, 14
orthaula, 14
pammelas, 14
platysema, 14
poecilota, 14
resumptana, 14
triphaenoides, 14
Miscera desmotona [sic], 14
mochlophanes, Phycodes, 15
126 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
modesta, Aegeria, 32, 33
modesta, Albuna, 33
modesta, Episannina, 41
modesta, Sylphidia, 41
modesta, Synanthedon, 32
modica, Chamaesphecia, 36
moiwana, Simaethis, 53
moluccaensis, Melittia, 27
mofybdoceps, Aegeria, 28
molybdoceps, Sesia, 28
monedulaeformis, Sesia, 35
monedulae/ormis, Synanthedon, 29
moniligera, Brenthia, 50
moniligera, Choreutis, 50
monogama, Aegeria, 32
monogama, Synanthedon, 32
monognoma, Choreutis, 51
monognoma, Prochoreutis, 51
monolychna, Brenthia, 50
Monopetalotaxis, 42
candescens, 42
chalciphora, 42
doleriformis, 42
pyrocraspis, 42
sinensis, 42
Monopetalotaxis wahlbergi, 42
monotonus, Atychia, 13
monotonus, Brachodes, 13
monozona, Aegeria, 32
monozona, Synanthedon, 32
monspeliensis, Chamaesphecia, 36
monspeliensis, Sesia, 36
montana, Albuna, 25
montana, Choreutis, 54
montana, Hemerophila, 54
montandoni, Chamaesphecia, 36
montelli, Aegeria, 28
montelli, Choreuthis [sic], 51
montelli, Prochoreutis, 51
montelli, Sesia, 28
montis, Bembecia, 39
mantis, Sesia, 39
moorei, Arauzona, 44
moorei, Synanthedon, 32
moreaui, Chamaesphecia, 36
moreaui, Sesia, 36
mormoni, Euhagena, 25
morosa, Chamaesphecia, 36
morosa, Phycodes, 15
morrisoni, Harmonia, 24, 25
morrisonii [sic], Albuna, 25
morula, Aegeria, 38
moupinicola, Synanthedon, 32
mullerana [sic], Choreutis, 51
multiferalis, Herbula, 55
multimarginata, Caloreas, 52
multimarginata, Choreutis, 52
muscaeformis, Bembecia, 39
muscaeformis, Sphinx, 37, 39
muscinaeformis, Aegeria, 34
mushana, Conopia, 32
mushana, Synanthedon, 32
musicosema, Hemerophilia, 56
musicosema, Simaethis, 56
mutilata, Chamaesphecia, 36
mutilata, Sesia, 36
mutillaeformis, Sesia, 32
mydaides, Synanthedon, 32
Myelois cassandrella, 13
myllerala [sic], Choreutis, 51
myllerana, Prochoreutis, 51
myllerana, Pyralis, 51, 58
myllerans [sic], Choreutis, 51
mylleri, Anthophila, 51
myopaeformis [sic], Conopia, 32
myopiformis, Sphinx, 32
myopiformis, Synanthedon, 32
Myrmecosphecia, 22
lemoulti, 22
Myrmecosphecia le moulti, 22
myrmekomorpha, Paranthrenina, 24
myrmosaeformis, Paranthrena [sic], 22
myrmosaeformis, Zenodoxus, 22
myrmosaepennis, Aegeria, 32
myrmosaepennis, Synanthedon, 32
myrmosiformis, Sesia, 22
Myrsila, 44
auripennis, 44
myrsinites, Chamaesphecia, 36
mysiniformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
mysiniformis, Sesia, 35, 36
mysolica, Aegerosphecia, 42
mysolica, Melittia, 42
myticus, Heterosphecia, 43
nana, Atychia, 13
nana, Brachodes, 13
nana, Chimaera, 13
"nana" Paranthrena [sic], 24
"nana," Paranthrene, 24
nanetta, Atychia, 13
nanetta, Brachodes, 13
nannion, Synanthedon, 32
natalensis, Melittia, 27
nautica, Aegeria, 32
nautica, Synanthedon, 32
nazir, Dipsosphecia, 39
nebraskae, Euhagena, 25
neglecta, Aegeria, 29
nemorana, Choreutis, 54
nemorana, Tortrix, 53, 54
nemoranalis, Asopia, 54
Neosphecia, 26
combusta, 26
Neotinthia, 22
semihyalina, 22
neotropica, Synanthedon, 32
nepcha, Melittia, 27
nepeha [sic], Melittia, 27
nephelosema, Brenthia, 50
nephelospila, Jonaca, 14
nephelospila, Sagalassa, 14
newara, Melittia, 27
Nexosa, 57
nicotianae, Aegeria, 30
nigella, Sesia, 38
Nigilgia, 15
adjectella, 15
limata, 15
seyrigella, 15
toulgoetella, 15
Nigilgia toulgoetella, 15
Nigilica [sic], 15
nigra, Carmenta, 38
nigra, Melittia, 27
nigra, Melittina, 27
nigralba, Oligophlebia, 42
nigriceps, Tipulamima, 41
nigricomis, Dipsosphecia, 40
nigrifions, Sesia, 32
nigrifrons, Synanthedon, 32
nigripes, Sesia, 39
nigrobarbata, Chamaesphecia, 36
nigromaculata, Mictocommosis, 57
nigromaculata, Simaethis, 57
nihonica [sic], Conopia, 33
ninae, Bembecia, 39
ninae, Dipsosphecia, 39
Ninia, 45
niphocrypta, Choreutis, 54
niphocrypta, Simaethis, 54
niphonica, Synanthedon, 33
nivescens, Asterivora, 53
nivescens, Simaethis, 53
nobilis, Aegeria, 25
nobilis, Badera, 55
nobilis, Euhagena, 25
noblei, Paranthrene, 24
noblei, Sciapteron, 24
Noctua chimaera, 14
Nokono, 23
nolotoxa [sic], Choreutis, 51
nomadaeformis, Sesia, 30, 31
nomadaepennis, Sesia, 25
norma, Dipsosphecia, 39
NUMBER 314 127
notabilis, Melittia, 27
novarae, Choreutis, 54
novaroensis, Aegeria, 32
novaroensis, Synanthedon, 32
nuba, Sesia, 32
nuba, Synanthedon, 32
nyanga, Sesia, 32
nyanga, Synanthedon, 32
Nyctaegeria, 44
rohani, 44
nycteropis, Atychia, 13
nycteropis, Brachodes, 13
obarata, Choreutis, 54
obarata, Simaethis, 54
oberlhueri, Aegeria, 28
oberthueri, Albuna, 25
oberthueri, Callisphecia, 41
oberthueri, Callithia, 28
oberthueri, Melittia, 27
oberthueri, Paranthrene, 24
oberthueri, Phlogothauma, 25
oberthueri, Sesia, 28
oberthueri, Trilochana, 44
oberthuri, Aegeria, 28
oberthuri, Callisphecia, 41
oberthuri, Callithia, 28
oberthuri, Dipsosphecia, 39
oberthuri, Melittia, 27
oberthuri, Paranthrene, 24
oberthuri, Phlogothauma, 25
oberthuri, Trilochana, 44
obliquizona, Lepidopoda, 44
obliquizona, Thyranthrene, 44
obraztsovi, Chamaesphecia, 36
obscura, Megalosphecia, 43
obscura, Zenodoxus, 22
obturata, Sesia, 38
occidentalis, Melittia, 27
occidentalis, Sesia, 37
occidentella, Caloreas, 52
occidentella, Choreutis, 52
ocellata, Brenthia, 50
ochracea, Aegeria, 41
ochracea, Chamanthedon, 41
ochracea, Tinaegeria, 44
ochripalpis, Brenthia, 56
ochripalpis, Zodia, 56
ochroplaca, Euthorybeta, 14
octogemmifera, Brenthia, 50
octogemmifera, Choreutis, 50
ocularis, Brenthia, 50
ocularis, Choreutis, 50
odda, Carmenta, 38
odyneriformis, Sesia, 36, 40
odyneripennis, Aegeria, 21
oedipoides, Melittia, 27
oedippus [sic], Melittia, 27
oedipus, Melittia, 27
oestriformis, Sphinx, 28, 34
ogalala, Carmenta, 38
ohiensis, Choreutis, 53
ohioensis [sic], Choreutis, 53
oleariae, Asterivora, 53
olenda, Sesia, 32
olenda, Synanthedon, 32
Oligophlebia, 42
amalleuta, 42
cristata, 42
nigralba, 42
subapicalis, 42
Oligophlebiella, 44
polishana, 44
olivacea, Jonaca, 14
omichleutis, Miscera, 14
ommatiaeformis, Sphecia, 32
ommatiaeformis, Synanthedon, 32
omnimicans, Phycodes, 15
omphala, Aegeria, 45
omphala, Cosmosoma, 45
omphale [sic], Synanthedon, 45
onustana, Simaethis, 53
onustana, Tebenna, 53
opalescens, Aegeria, 30
opalescens, Paranthrene, 24
opalimargo, Sesia, 41
opalimargo, Tipulamima, 41
opalizans, Conopia, 32
opalizans, Synanthedon, 32
ophiodesma, Hemerophila, 56
ophiodesma, Simaethis, 56
ophioniformis, Sphinx, 40
ophiosema, Choreutis, 54
ophiosema, Simaethis, 54
opiiformis, Aegeria, 32
opiiformis, Synanthedon, 32
optica, Choreutis, 54
optica, Simaethis, 54
orbonota, Chimaera, 13
Orchemia, 53
betuliperda, 53
oreina, Anthophila, 50
orientalis, Atychia, 13
orientalis, Brachodes, 13
orientalis, Synanthedon, 32
orinympha, Hemerophila, 56
orinympha, Simaethis, 56
ornaticornis, Choreutis, 54
omaticomis, Simaethis, 54
orophila, Sphecia, 28
orphnophanes, Tortyra, 56
ortalidiformis, Sesia, 34
ortaliformis [sic], Chamaesphecia, 34
orthaula, Miscera, 14
orthocarpi, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
orthochorda, Sagalassa, 14
orthogona, Choreutis, 54
orthogona, Simaethis, 54
oryssiformis, Chamaesphecia, 36
oryssiformis, Sesia, 36
oslari, Paranthrene, 24
osmiaeforcnis, Chamaesphecia, 36
osmiaeformis, Sesia, 36
Osminia, 28
ferruginea, 28
ruficornis, 28
ovinia, Aegeria, 40
ovinia, Aegerina, 40
oxibeliformis, Sesia, 33
oxyacanthae, Anthophila, 50
oxyacanthana, Tortrix, 50
oxyacanthella, Phalaena (Tinea), 50
oxybeliformis, Sesia, 34
Ozarba, 57
lascivalis, 57
pacifica, Sarmina, 30
pacificum, Trochilium, 28
palaeocosma, Rhobonda, 57
palaeocosma, Tortyra, 57
Palamernis, 13
canonitis, 13
palariformis, Bembecia, 39
palariformis, Sesia, 39
palescens, Paranthrene, 24
pallene, Aegeria, 38
pallene, Carmenta, 38
pallipes, Pyropterm, 37
palmi [sic], Gaea, 38
Palmia, 37
praecedens, 37
palmiana, Paranthrene, 22
palmii, Fatua, 24
palmii, Hymenoclea, 38
palmii, Larunda, "22
palmii, Sesia, 38
palmii, Zenodoxus, 22
palpina, Sesia, 40
palustris, Chamaesphecia, 36
pammelas, Miscera, 14
pampoecila, Brenthia, 50
panisciformis, Aegeria, 32
panisciformis, Synanthedon, 32
panorpaeformis, Paranthrene, 24
panorpaeformis, Sesia, 24
128 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Pansa, 25
aurociliata, 26
panurgiformis, Aegeria, 32
panurgiformis, Synanthedon, 32
panyasis, Aegeria, 38
paradelpha, Saptha, 56
paradelpha, Tortyra, 56
Paradoxecia, 21
croconeura, 22
gravis, 22
pieli, 22
Paranthrena [sic], 22
lucida, 22
myrmosaeformis, 22
"nana," 24
Paranthrene, 22
affinis, 23
africana, 23
albifrons, 23
anthrax, 23
asilipennis, 23
atkinsoni, 23
aurantiaca, 23
auricollis, 23
aurifera, 23
aurivena, 23
bicincta, 23
caeruleimicans, 23
cambodialis, 23
canarensis, 23
chalcochlora, 23
charlesi, 23
chinensis, 23
chrysochloris, 23
chrysoidea, 23
cupreivitta, 23
cuprescens, 23
cyanogama, 23
cyanopis, 23
davidi, 23
dohertyi, 23
dollii,23
dybowskii, 23
fenestrata, 23
feralis, 23
fervida, 23
flammans, 23
flavifrons, 23
formosicola, 23
gracilis, 23
grotei, 23
henrici, 23
heterodesma, 23
hyalochrysa, 23
insolitus, 23
insularis, 23
iridina, 23
javana, 23
lecerfi, 23
leucocera, 23
limpida, 23
lodimana, 23
meeki, 23
mcsothyris, 23
metallica, 23
metaxantha, 23
microthyris, 24
minuta, 24
"nana," 24
noblei, 24
oberthucri, 24
opalescens, 24
panorpaeformis, 24
pellucida, 24
pentazonata, 24
pernix, 24
pilamicola, 24
poecilocephala, 24
polonica, 24
pompilus, 24
powondrae, 24
propyria, 24
pulchripennis, 24
purpurea, 24
pythes, 24
rangoonensis, 24
regalis, 24
robiniae, 24
rufifinis, 24
sanguipennis, 24
scintillans, 24
semidiaphana, 24
sesiiformis, 24
sikkima, 24
silvai, 24
simulans, 24
tabaniformis, 24
thalassina, 24
tristis, 24
trizonata, 24
xanthopyga, 24
xanthosoma, 24
zoneiventris, 24
zygophora, 24
Paranthrene admirantus [sic], 24
andamana, 24
armulifera, 24
atcinsoni, 23
aurantiarum [sic], 24
carulifera, 24
celebica, 24
cingulata, 22
croconeura, 22
datsensis, 23
diaphana, 24
fasciventris, 23
hirayamai, 24
hoplisiformis, 22
intermedia, 24
meeci, 23
merothyris [sic], 23
oberthuri, 24
oslari, 24
palescens, 24
palmiana, 22
pepsidiformis, 30
pemix, 22
ruficollaris, 21
sangaica, 34
siccima, 24
tricincta, 24
tricinctas [sic], 24
yezonica, 23
zonaventris [sic], 24
zomota, 25
Paranthrenella, 23
Paranthrenina, 24
myrmekomorpha, 24
Paranthrenopsis, 22
editha, 22
pogoniae, 22
Paranthrenopsis harmandi, 22
paranympha, Brenthia, 50
Parasa, 25
aureosquamata, 25, 26
Parasesia, 41
cristallina, 41
Parharmonia, 24
piceae, 32
parialis, Asopia, 54
pariana, Choreutis, 54
pariana, Phalaena, 53 , 54
pariava [sic], Xylopoda, 55
parietariae, Simaethis, 50
patina [sic], Anthophila, 55
parthica, Bembecia, 39
parthica, Sesia, 39
parva, Choreutis, 55
parva, Simaethis, 55
pauliani, Malgassesia, 42
pauper, Melittia, 27
pauper, Sylphidia, 32
pauper, Synanthedon, 32
paupera [sic], Conopia, 32
pavonacella, Brenthia, 49, 50
NUMBER 314 129
pavomcella [sic], Brenthia, 50
pechi, Chamaesphecia, 36
pechi, Sesia, 36
pectinata, Pennisetia, 21
pectinata, Sesia, 21
Pedalonina, 44
semimarginata, 44
pedunculata, Sphecosesia, 44
pelargodes, Choreutis, 55
pelargodes, Simaethis, 55
pelinobasis, Caloreas, 52
pelinobasis, Porpe, 52
pellecta, Melittia, 27
pellucida, Paranthrene, 24
peltastiformis, Aegeria, 32
peltastiformis, Synanthedon, 32
peltata, Aegeria, 32
peltata, Synanthedon, 32
penitis, Phycodes, 15
Pennisetia, 21
bohemica, 21
contracta, 21
eucheripennis, 21
eusphyra, 21
hylaeiformis, 21
igniflua, 21
marginata, 21
pectinata, 21
Pennisetia anomala, 21
pensilis, Aegeria, 32
pensiiis, Synanthedon, 32
Penstemonia, 38
clarkei, 38
dammersi, 38
edwardsii, 38
hennei, 38
Penstemonia brevifolia, 38
pentacyba, Choreutis, 57
pentazona, Sesia, 32
pentazona, Synanthedon, 32
pentazonata, Paranthrene, 24
penthetria, Chamaesphecia, 36
Peotyle, 51
atmodesma, 51
batangensis, 51
pepsidiformis, Paranthrene, 30
pepsiformis, Sesia, 36
pepsioides, Alcathoe, 38
periploca, Choreutis, 55
periploca, Simaethis, 55
perlucida, Episannina, 41
perlucida, Memythrus, 24
perlucida, Sylphidia, 41
pernivalis, Choreutis, 51
pemivalis, Prochoreutis, 51
pemix, Bembecia, 24
pernix, Paranthrene, 24
pemix, Paranthrene, 22
perplexa, Aegeria, 29
persica, Apis, 30
persicae [sic], Conopia, 31
peruviana, Aegeria, 30
peruviana, Sanninoidea, 30, 32
peruviana, Synanthedon, 32
phaedrostoma, Trilochana, 44
phaeniformis [sic], Chamaesphecia, 36
Phalaena pariana, 53, 54
siphana, 56
urticaria, 50, 51
Phalaena (Pyralis) houttuinialis, 56
Phalaena (Tinea) oxyacanthella, 50
Phalaena (Tortrix) albertiana, 56
cardui, 52
fabriciana, 50
phalaraspis, Choreutis, 51
phalaraspis, Prochoreutis, 51
phasiaeformis, Aegeria, 32
phasiaeformis, Synanthedon, 32
Phemonoe, 37
philanthiformis, Chamaesphecia, 37
philanthiformis, Sesia, 35, 37, 40
philonyma, Choreutis, 52
philonyma, Prochoreutis, 52
Phlogothauma, 23
oberthueri, 25
oberthuri, 25
scintillans, 23, 24
Phoenicia, Sura, 25
phoeniformis, Sesia, 36
phoenix, Pyropteron, 37
phoradendri, Carmenta, 38
phorcus, Melittia, 27
phorcus, Trochilium, 27
Phycodes, 14
albitogata, 14
chalcocrossa, 14
chionardis, 14
eucallynta, 15
maculata, 15
minor, 15
mochlophanes, 15
morosa, 15
omnimicans, 15
penitis, 15
pseliota, 15
punctata, 15
radiata, 15
substriata, 15
taonopa, 15
tertiana, 15
tortricina, 15
venerea, 15
Phycodes cymineuta, 15
hirudinicomis, 14, 15
meospotamica, 15
superbella, 15
xanthoprocta, 14
phyllis, Sincara, 25
piceae, Parharmonia, 32
pictipes, Aegeria, 32
pictipes, Lepidopoda, 40
pictipes, Synanthedon, 32
pieli, Paradoxecia, 22
piepersiana, Choreutis, 55
piepersiana, Simaethis, 55
pilamicola, Paranthrene, 24
pilaria, Simaethis, 54
pileae, Brenthia, 50
pimpiaeformis, Sesia, 27, 28
pingi [sic], Sesia, 30
pint, Aegeria, 32
pini, Synanthedon, 32
pinorum, Aegeria, 33
piperella, Choreutis, 53
piperella, Tebenna, 53
pipiziformis, Aegeria, 32
pipiziformis, Synanthedon, 32
pistarcha, Aegeria, 32
pistarcha, Synanthedon, 32
pitheis [sic], Synanthedon, 32
pittheis, Aegeria, 32
pittheis, Synanthedon, 32
plagiophleps, Synanthedon, 32
platysema, Miscera, 14
platysema, Sagalassa, 14
platyuriformis, Aegeria, 32
platyuriformis, Synanthedon, 32
pleciaeformis, Aegeria, 21
plectisciformis, Aegeria, 32
plectisciformis, Synanthedon, 32
plectodes, Choreutis, 55
plectodes, Simaethis, 55
pleiadopa, Brenthia, 50
plenella, Cotaena, 44
plenella, Glyphipteryx [sic], 44
plumbealis, Choreutis, 55
plumbealis, Simaethis, 55
plumipes, Aegeria, 40
plumipes, Euryphrissa, 40
plumipes, Sphinx, 45
plutana, Simaethis, 56
pluto, Chamaesphecia, 37
plutusana, Simaethis, 56
plutusana, Zodia, 56
Poderis, 25
130 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
hirtipes, 27
Podosesia, 37
aureocincta, 37
surodes, 37
syringae, 37
Podosesia comes, 38
poecilocephala, Paranthrenc, 24
poecilota, Miscera, 14
poecilota, Sagalassa, 14
pogonias, Entrichella, 22
pogonias, Paranthrenopsis, 22
polaris, Synanthedon, 32
polishana, Oligophlebiella, 44
polistiformis, Aegeria, 24
polistiformis, Sesia, 39
polistiformis, Vitacea, 24
polonica, Paranthrene, 24
polycincta, Synanthedon, 34
polygoni, Pyrrhotaenia, 32
polygoni, Synanthedon, 32
Polyphlebia, 14
buprestoides, 14
Polyphlebia atychioides, 14
polyzona, Bembecia, 39
polyzona, Dipsosphecia, 39
pompiliformis, Sesia, 36
pompilus, Paranthrene, 24
pomponia, Melittia, 27
ponticwn, Sciapteron, 23
porizoniformis, Aegeria, 33
proizoniformis, Synanthedon, 33
Porpe, 52
charmonica, 52
clemensella, 51
enantia, 52
fibrana, 52
lactibasis, 52
lamella, 57
loxotenes, 52
pelinobasis, 52
venusta, 52
porphyratma, Choreutis, 55
porphyratma, Simaethis, 55
postcristata, Ceratocorema, 21
postcristata, Tinthia, 21
potentillae, Zenodoxus, 22
powelli, Atychia, 13
powelli, Bembecia, 39
powelli, Chamaesphecia, 37
powelli, Dipsosphecia, 39
powelli, Melittia, 27
powondrae, Paranthrene, 24
praecedens, Palmia, 37
praecedens, Sciapteron, 37
praestans, Aegeria, 32
Pramila, 23
atkinsoni, 23
minuta, 24
prasochalca, Saptha, 56
prasochalca, Tortyra, 56
praxila, Tirista, 25
Premelittia, 25
rufescens, 25, 27
pretiosa, Badera, 56
pretiosa, Saptha, 56
pretiosana, Tebenna, 53
pretiosana, Xylopoda, 53
prisciformis, Isothamnis, 43
prisciformis, Thamnoscelis, 43
Proaegeria, 44
vouauxi, 44
Procerata, 13
soldana [sic], 13
Prochoreutis, 51, 58
alpina, 51
argyrastra, 51
argyrota, 51
arisema, 51
atrox, 51
brunescens, 51
calliclisa, 51
chionocosma, 51
clemensella, 51
delicata, 51
drosodoxa, 51
dyarella, 51
extrincicella, 51
hadrogastra, 51
holotoxa, 51
incerta, 51
inflatella, 51
intermediana, 51
irradiata, 51
monognoma, 51
montelli, 51
myllerana, 51
pernivalis, 51
phalaraspis, 51
philonyma, 52
radians, 52
sachalinensis, 52
sehestediana, 52
sibirica, 52
solans, 52
sororculella, 52
stellaris, 52
talyshensis, 52
ultimana, 52
ussurica; 52
prodigella, Badera, 55
prodigella, Tortyra, 55
producta, Aegeria, 33
producta, Synanthedon, 33
productahs, Melittia, 23
pronubana, Saptha, 56
pronubana, Simaethis, 56
propyria, Paranthrene, 24
proserpina, Aegeria, 33
proserpina, Melittia, 26
proserpina, Synanthedon, 33
prosopiformis, Sesia, 35, 37
prosopis, Aegeria, 38
prosopis, Carmenta, 38
proximo, Aegeria, 33
proxima, Melittia, 27
proxima, Synanthedon, 33
proxima, Trichocerota, 22
proxima, Zenodoxus, 22
proximata, Chamaesphecia, 37
proximata, Sesia, 37
pryeri, Sura, 25
przewalskii, Sesia, 28
przewalskii, Trochilium, 28
pseliota, Phycodes, 15
Pseudalcathoe, 41
aspetura, 41
chatanayi, 41
Pseudalcathoe', 41
chatanayi, 41
pseudoinsignis, Scoliomima, 44
Pseudomelittia, 42
andraenipennis, 42
berlandi, 42
cingulata, 42
Pseudosecia [sic], 23
Pseudosesia, 23
grotei, 23
insularis, 23
Pseudosetia [sic], 23
psilachyra, Choreutis, 55
psilachyra, Simaethis, 55
pterotarsa, Uranothyris, 44
pudorina, Chamaesphecia, 37
pudorina, Sesia, 37
puera, Callisphecia, 41
pugnax, Sesia, 28
pugnax, Trochilium, 28
puigi, Sesia, 30
pulchra, Sylphidia, 41
pulchripennis, Aegeria, 33
pulchripennis, Paranthrene, 24
pulchripennis, Sannina, 24
pulchripennis, Synanthedon, 33
pulchripes, Melittia, 27
pulsana, Gauris, 56
NUMBER 314 131
pumila, Brachodes, 13
pumila, Chimaera, 13
punctata, Phycodes, 15
punctosa, Anthophila, 52
punctuosa [sic], Choreutis, 52
purpurca, Paranthrene, 24
pusilla, Atychia, 13
pusilla, Chimaera, 13
pychnomochla, Choreutis, 53
pychnomochla, Tebenna, 53
pygmaea, Chamaesphecia, 37
pygmaea, Pyropteron, 37
pyralidiformis, Aegeria, 37, 38
pyralidiformis, Carmenta, 38
Pyralis bierkandrana, 52
myllerana, 51, 58
saldonana, 13
sehestediana, 52
sehestedtiana [sic], 52
vahliana, 13
pyramidalis, Aegeria, 24, 25
pyramidalis, Albuna, 25
Pyranthrene, 43
flammans, 43
pyrethra, Sciapteron, 33
pyrcthra, Synanthedon, 33
/>yri, Aegeria, 33
pyri, Synanthedon, 33
pyrocera, Sura, 25
pyrocraspis, Monopetalotaxis, 42
pyrocraspis, Sciapteron, 42
pyrodisca, Aegeria, 33
pyrodisca, Synanthedon, 33
pyrophora, Homogyna, 43
pyropis, Melittia, 27
Pyropteron, 39
aicha, 37
andalusica, 35
androchroma, 35
anthracias, 39
auresiana, 35
:i.r, 39
, 35
biedermanni, 39
castiliana, 39
chimena, 35
chlorotica, 39
chretieni, 35
chrysomelaena, 39
jSrtma, 35
/CTI/CTW, 39
Jlavina, 35
junebris, 35
inexpectata, 35
intermedia, 35
maghrebica, 35
mq/or, 37
mandana, 35
margaritosa, 39
melanina, 35
melanoxantha [sic], 39
melanoxanthia, 39
pallipes, 37
phoenix, 37
pygmaea, 37
jicK/a, 39
subceriaeformis, 35
tingitana, 35
fruto, 35
xanthia, 35
Pyropterum, 39
pyrosema, Synanthedon, 33
pyrosoma, Sesia, 33
pyrosoma, Tipulamima, 41
pyrostoma, Aegeria, 33
pyrostoma, Synanthedon, 33
pyrrhoclista, Choreutis, 55
pyrrhoclista, Simaethis, 55
Pyrrhotaenia, 28
achillae, 32
animosa, 32
behrensii, 32
coccinea, 28
coloradensis, 25
*Mi,32
eremocarpi, 32
floridensis, 28, 33
fragariae, 32
helianthi, 32
fflAU/lt, 32
orthocarpi, 32
polygoni, 32
subaerea, 38
te/j/xm, 29
torana, 38
wittfeldii, 38
pythes, Aegeria, 24
pythes, Paranthrene, 24
quadriannullata, Synanthedon, 34
quadriannullata-rujimarginata, Synanthedon,
34
quadnflorella [sic], Brenthia, 50
quadriforella, Brenthia, 50
quaerula [sic], Atychia, 14
querci, Aegeria, 38
querci, Carmenta, 38
quercis [sic], Aegeria, 38
quercus, Sesia, 33, 38
quercus, Synanthedon, 33
quercus [sic], Synanthedon, 38
querula, Atychia, 14
quincyella, Anthophila, 55
quincyella, Choreutis, 55
quinquecaudata, Aegeria, 37
quinquecincta, Chamanthedon, 41
quinquecincta, Sesia, 41
quinquepuncta, Lophoceps, 42
quinquepunctata [sic], Lophoceps, 42
quiris, Atychia, 14
quiris, Brachodes, 14
radians, Choreutis, 52
radians, Prochoreutis, 52
radians, Trichocerota, 22
radiata, Phycodes, 14, 15
radiatus, Atychia, 14
radiatus, Brachodes, 14
radiolatus, Atychia, 14
radiolatus, Brachodes, 14
ramburi, Chamaesphecia, 37
ramburi, Sesia, 37
Ramosia, 29
wallowa, 30
rangoonensis, Aegeria, 24
rangoonensis, Paranthrene, 24
rara, Atychia, 14
rasata, Atychia, 14
Rectala, 21
asyliformis, 21
r?ft<rta, Melittia, 26
rejulgens, Aegeria, 33
refulgens, Synanthedon, 33
nga/r, Sciapteron, 23
regalis, Paranthrene, 24
regalis, Sciapteron, 24
regula, Chamaesphecia, 37
regula, Sesia, 37
regularis, Choreutis, 55
regularis, Simaethis, 55
remipes, Tarsopoda, 41
repanda, Sesia, 28
repanda, Sphecia 27, 28
resplendens, Albuna, 33
resplendens, Synanthedon, 33
resumptana, Miscera, 14
rhagensis, Atychia, 14
rhagensis, Brachodes, 14
rhagioniformis, Sphinx, 40
rhingiaeformis, Sphinx, 24
Rhipidura, 41
aurora, 41
Rhipidurina, 41
aurora, 41
Rhipismia, 51
132 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Rhobonda, 56
gaurisana, 56, 57
heliaspis, 57
palaeocosma, 57
Rhobonda gauridana, 57
rhodani, Aegeria, 28
rhodia, Aegeria, 33
rhodia, Synanthedon, 33
rhodochlaena, Tortyra, 56
rhododendn, Sesia, 33
rhododendri, Synanthedon, 33
rhodothictis, Sesia, 33
rhodothictis, Synanthedon, 33
rhynchiformis [sic], Alonina, 42
rhynchiiformis, Alonina, 42
rhynchioides, Sesia, 28
rhynchioides, Sphecia, 28
rhypaeformis [sic], Aegeria, 33
rhyssaeformis, Aegeria, 33
rhyssaeformis, Synanthedon, 33
richardsi, Conopia, 33
richardsi, Synanthedon, 33
rileyana, Albuna, 33
rileyana, Synanthedon, 33
rimulalis, Hemerophila, 56
rimulalis, Simaethis, 56
riograndensis, Melittia, 27
Ripismia, 51
robiniae, Paranthrene, 24
robiniae, Sciapteron, 24
robusta, Sagalassa, 14
Rodolphia, 44
hombergi, 44
rohani, Nyctaegeria, 44
romani, Synanthedon, 33
romanovi, Bembecia, 39
romanovi, Dipsosphecia, 39
romanovi, Sesia, 28
romanovi, Sphecia, 28
romanowi [sic], Sesia, 28
rondonana [sic], Chamaesphecia, 37
rondouana, Chamaesphecia, 37
rondoui, Bembecia, 39
rondoui, Sesia, 39
roseiventris, Bembecia, 39
roseiventris, Dipsosphecia, 39
rothschildi, Bembecia, 39
rothschildi, Dipsosphecia, 39
rubefacta, Dipsosphecia, 39
rubens, Zenodoxus, 22
rubescens, Sesia, 25
rubi, Aegeria, 21
rubofascia [sic], Aegeria, 33
rubrescens, Dipsosphecia, 39
rubricincta, Carmenta, 38
rubricincla, Sesia, 38
rubriformis, Sesia, 37
rubripalpis, Aegeria, 33
rubripalpis, Synanthedon, 33
rubripes, Sesia, 33
rubripes, Synanthedon, 33
rubripicta, Synanthedon, 33
rubristigma, Aegeria, 30
rubrofascia, Aegeria, 33
rubrofascia, Synanthedon, 33
Rudolfia [sic], 44
rufa, Aegeria, 33
rufa, Synanthedon, 33
rufescens, Malgassesia, 42
rufescens, Melittia, 27
rufescens, Premelittia, 25, 27
rufibasalis, Sesia, 33
rufibasalis, Synanthedon, 33
ruficauda, Aegeria, 25
ruficauda, Sura, 25
ruftcaudis, Aegeria, 33
ruflcaudis, Synanthedon, 33
ruficincta, Eublepharis, 43
ruficincta, Leuthneria, 43
ruficincta, Trichocerota, 22
ruficollaris, {Paranthrene, 21
ruflcollaris, Tinthia, 21
ruficomis, Carmenta, 28
ruficornis, Osminia, 28
ruficrista, Aegeria, 43
ruficrista, Aschistophleps, 43
rufifinis, Paranthrene, 24
rufifinis, Sannina, 24
rufimarginata, Trochilium, 34
rufithorax, Epitarsipus, 42
rufitibia, Sura, 25
rufodorsa, Melittia, 27
rugia, Melittia, 27
rutilans, Albuna, 29
rutilella, Simaethis, 56
rutilella, Zodia, 56
rutilipes, Melittia, 27
rygchiformis [sic], Alonina, 42
rygchiiformis, Alonina, 42
sachalinensis, Choreutis, 52
sachalinensis, Prochoreutis, 52
Sagalassa, 14
aequalis, 14
cryptopyrrhella, 14
metallica, 14
nephelospila, 14
orthochorda, 14
robusta, 14
valida, 14
Sagalassa ambigua, 14
amp la, 14
basichrysa, 14
conspersa, 14
eubrachycera, 14
isomacha, 14
platysema, 14
poecilota, 14
salaconia, Brenthia, 50
saldonana, Pyralis, 13
salinata, Brenthia, 50
sallustiformis [sic], Synanthedon, 33
salmachus, Sphinx, 34
sanbomi, Carmenta, 38
sandaracina, Choreutis, 55
sandaracina, Simaethis, 55
sangaica, Aegeria, 28
sangaica, Melittia, 27
sangaica, Paranthrene, 34
sangaica, Sesia, 28
sanguicosta, Homogyna, 43
sanguinolenta, Sesia, 40
sanguipennis, Paranthrene, 24
Sannina, 37
uroceriformis, 37
Sannina cambodialis, 23
korites, 3 8
luminosa, 30
pacifica, 30
pulchripennis, 24
rufifinis, 24
verrugo, 38
Sanninoidea, 29
bamesii, 30
edwardsii, 30
graefii [sic], 30
peruviana, 30, 32
santanna, Aegeria, 33
santanna, Synanthedon, 33
Saphtha [sic], 55
elegans, 55
sapindella, Brenthia, 50
sapporensis, Choreutis, 55
sapporensis, Simaethis, 55
Saptha, 55
aeolodoxa, 55
angustistriata, 55
beryllitis, 55
chrysoprastis, 55
cypridia, 55
divitiosa, 55
elegans, 55
exanthista, 55
iridopa, 55
libanota, 55
NUMBER 314 133
rnacrospila, 56
paradelpha, 56
prasochalca, 56
prctiosa, 56
pronubana, 56
smaragditis, 56
sybaritis, 56
tabularia, 56
sapygaeformis, Aegeria, 28, 33
sapygaeformis, Synanthedon, 33
Sara [sic], 25
sardoa, Sesia, 34
sareptana, Bembecia, 39
sareptana, Dipsosphecia, 39
satyriformis [sic], Melittia, 26
satyrimformis, Melittia, 26
Saunina [sic], 37
uroceripennis, 37
saxifragae, Aegeria, 33
saxifragae, Synanthedon, 33
Scabisa, 29
taikanensis, 29, 34
Scalarignathia, 37
kaszabi, 37
scarabitis, Sesia, 33
scarabitis, Synanthedon, 33
scenophora, Hemerophila, 56
scenophora, Simaethis, 56
scepsiformis, Sciapteron, 24
scepsiformis, Vitacea, 24
schausiella, Caloreas, 52
schausiella, Choreutis, 52
schiroceriformis [sic], Sesia, 37
schizoceriformis, Sesia, 37
schmidtellaeformis, Sesia, 37
schmidti, Chamaesphecia, 37
schmidtii, Sesia, 35, 37
schmidtiiformis, Chamaesphecia, 37
schmidtiiformis, Sesia, 37
schreiteri, Leptaegeria, 40
schwarzi, Aegeria, 33
schwarzi, Synanthedon, 33
schwingenschussi, Bembecia, 40
schwingenschussi, Dipsosphecia, 40
Sciapteron, 23
admiranda, 24
aurantiaca, 23
caeruleimicans, 23
castaneum, 23
chinensis, 23
cupreivitta, 23
cupressi, 24
r, 39
i, 23
, 23
jlammans, 23
gracilis, 23
graeca, 32
?ra<r/i, 3 0
gruneri, 39
jucunda, 24
kungessana, 24
lodimana, 23
m<r<r/ti, 23
melasomon, 40
metallica, 23
noM?, 24
ponticum, 23
praecedens, 37
pyrethra, 33
pyrocraspis, 42
rcgak, 23
rtga/u, 23, 24
robiniae, 24
scepsiformis, 24
seminole, 24
sikkima, 24
splendida, 40
stiziforme, 40
subfervidum, 23
tenuimarginata, 40
terribile, 25
tonifc [sic], 25
transcaucasicum, 23
trizonata, 24
xanthosoma, 24
xanthozonata, 34
Sciapterum, 23
scintilimana [sic], Choreutes [sic], 51
scintillana, Simaethis, 56
scintillana, Zodia, 56
scintillans, Paranthrene, 24
scintillans, Phlogothauma, 23, 24
scintillulalis [sic], Choreutis, 51
scintiliulana [sic], Choreutes [sic], 51
scintilulalis, Choreutes [sic], 51
scintilulana, Choreutis, 51
scintilutana [sic], Choreutes [sic], 51
sciophilaeformis, Aegeria, 33
sciophilaeformis, Synanthedon, 33
Sciopterum [sic], 23
scitula, Aegeria, 33
scitula, Synanthedon, 33
scoliaeformis, Sphinx, 33
scoliaeformis, Synanthedon, 33
scoliiformis, Melittia, 27
scoliiformis [sic], &JMZ, 33
scolioides, Trilochana, 44
Scoliomima, 44
insignis, 44
pseudoinsignis, 44
scopigera, Bembecia, 40
scopigera, Sphinx, 38, 39, 40
scribai, Sesia, 28
scribai, Sphecia, 28
scythropa, Synanthedon, 33
or/it/, Chamaesphecia, 35
sehestediana, Prochoreutis, 52
sehestediana, Pyralis, 52
sehestedtiana [sic], Pyralis, 52
seitzi, Chamaesphecia, 37
ot'tei, &?a, 37
sellustiformis, Aegeria, 33
sellustiformis, Synanthedon, 33
semicincta, Choreutis, 55
semicincta, Simaethis, 55
semidiaphana, Paranthrene, 24
semihyalina, Neotinthia, 22
semimarginata, Pedalonina, 44
seminole, Sciapteron, 24
seminole, Sesia, 33
semipraestans, Sesia, 32
semirufa, Austrosetia, 28, 33
semirufa, Synanthedon
semitrista, Synanthedon, 33
seneciodes, Aegeria, 32
senecioides [sic], ?SMUI, 32
senilis, Bembecia, 40
senilis, Sesia, 40
rcnta, Aegeria, 33
senta, Synanthedon, 33
sequoiae, Bembecia, 29, 33
sequoiae, Synanthedon, 33
ratal, SMUI, 33
serica, Synanthedon, 33
serratiformis, Sesia, 24
Sesia, 27
agathiformis, 28
albanensis, 28
apiformis, 28
asamaensis, 28
bembeciformis, 28
contaminata, 28
corcyrensis, 28
dasypodiformis, 28
flavicollis, 28
gloriosa, 28
gravesi, 28
ignicollis, 28
melanocephala, 28
molybdoceps, 28
montelli, 28
oberthueri, 28
pimpiaeformis, 27, 28
przewalskii, 28
134 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
pugnax, 28
repanda, 28
rhynchioides, 28
romanovi, 28
sangaica, 28
scribai, 28
shugnana, 28
tibialis, 28
timur, 28
yezoensis, 28
Sesia aerifrons, 34
qffinis, 34
africana, 43
agdistiformis, 37
agnes, 36
albiventris, 29, 34
albanica, 29
albicalcarata, 29
albotarsata, 35
algeriensis, 39
allantiformis, 36
almana, 34
alyonifonnis [sic], 34
alysaeformis, 36
alysoniformis, 34
amasina, 33
americana, 30
andraeniformis, 29
andrenaeformis, 29
andreniformis [sic], 29
an*//a/a [sic], 34
angarodes, 29 "
anisozona, 29
annellata, 34
anthraciformis, 34
anthracipennis, 38
, 29
arizonae, 38
armeniaca, 35
armoricana, 40
asellana [sic], 34
aselliformis, 22
asilipemis, 23, 24
astatiformis, 37
astragali, 29
athaliaeformis, 40
aureopurpurea [sic], 38
aurifera, 35
aurivilii [sic], 32
aunvillii, 32
auronitens, 41
azonos, 35
bibionipennis, 29
bicingulata, 29, 34
bohalschi, 39
[sic], 38
braconiformis, 35
bullions, 40
brunneri, 32
castaneae, 29
caucasica, 35
ceiformis, 39
cephiformis, 29
cerceriformis, 39
ceriaeformis, 34, 35
ceriiformis [sic], 34
chalciformis, 26
chalcocnemis, 39
chrysidiformis, 36
chrysidipennis, 30
chrysopharus, 38
i, 30
colpiformis, 35
Corsica, 35
crabroniformis, 24, 40
?r/i?i, 30
cruentata, 30
cubana, 30
rf?<rr/a, 30
destituta, 36
dioctriiformis, 39
doleriformis, 35
donckieri, 43
doryceraeformis, 35
doryliformis, 35
ducellieri, 39
</?/>/?, 30
elampiformis, 35
<r/*ga/u, 32
emphytiformis, 33
erythrostigma, 35
euceraeformis, 35, 36
euglossaeformis, 35
eumeniformis, 36
expleta, 35
/a//a*, 37
fenusaeformis, 36
/mtufa, 23
festiva, 41
JIavida, 39
Jlavipes, 21
flaviventris, 31
floricola, 36
jlorissantella, 38
foeniformis, 36
foenusaeformis, 36
fulvopyga, 31
gabuna, 31
5fl//jca, 39
gehleni, 45
guriensis, 36
haberhaueri, 36
haemorrhoidalis, 31
halictiformis, 35
hemchii, 36
himmighoffem, 39
hungarica, 37
hylaeiformis, 21
hyleiformis [sic], 21
hymenopteriformis, 39
icteropus, 35, 36
igmflua, 21
illustris, 40
m/itfca, 39
infuscata, 31
msidwsa, 31
isozona, 25
ithacae, 38
jfljfcu/a, 39
joanmsi, 39
joppiformis, 35
lahayei, 36
lanipes, 36
laspeyres, 29
laticincla, 31
fc CCT/J, 36
/?:?//, 36
leucomelaena, 36
leucoparea, 36
leucopsiformis, 36
leucospidiformis [sic], 34, 36
loewii, 36
lomatiaeformis, 39
longipes, 28, 32
luctuosa, 32
lugubris, 40
macropyga, 32
malimba, 41
mamertina, 40
mannii, 36
mania [sic], 33
marica, 33
mariona, 38
masariformis, 32, 36
melliniformis, 34
mellinipennis, 32
meriaeformis, 35, 40
meriiformis [sic], 34
mesiaeformis, 32
mesiiformis [sic], 32
miniacea, 35, 36
minianiformis, 36
OT/nor, 36
minorata, 34
monedulaeformis, 35
NUMBER 314 135
monspeliensis, 36
montis, 39
moreaui, 36
mutilata, 36
mutillaeformis, 32
myrmosiformis, 22
mysiniformis, 35
nijt/fa, 38
nigrifrons, 32
nigripes, 39
nomadaefarmis, 30, 31
nomadaepennis, 25
TiuAa, 3 2
nyanga, 32
obturala, 38
occidentals, 37
odyturiformis, 36, 40
o/?ufo, 32
opalimargo, 41
ortalidiformis, 34
oryssiformis, 36
osmiaeformis, 36
oxibeliformis, 33, 34
palariformis, 39
/w/mii, 38
palpina, 40
panorpaeformis, 24
parthica, 39
pechi, 36
pectinata, 21
pentazona, 32
pepsiformis, 36
pkilanthiformis, 35, 37, 40
phoeniformis, 36
/w/igi [sic], 30
polistiformis, 39
pompiliformis, 36
prosopiformis, 35, 37
proximata, 37
pudorina, 37
/>ujgi, 30
pyrosoma, 33
?K^ra?, 33, 38
quinquecincta, 41
ramburi, 37
regula, 37
rhododendri, 33
rhodothictis, 33
romanowi [sic], 28
rondoui, 39
rubescens, 25
rubricincta, 38
rubriformis, 37
rubripes, 33
ruftbasalis, 33
sanguinolenta, 40
sardoa, 34
scarabitis, 33
schiroceriformis [sic], 37
schizoceriformis, 37
schmidtellaeformis, 37
schmidtii, 35, 37
schmidtiiformis, 37
scoliiformis [sic], 33
seminole, 33
semipraestans, 32
senecioides [sic], 32
??kri, 37
sent Its, 40
j?iai, 33
serratiformis, 24
setodiformis, 33
sigmoidea, 33
sirphiformis, 39
i/rc/m, 33
statuiformis, 40
staudingeri, 37
stelidiformis, 36
stiziformis, 40
stomoxyformis [sic], 33
suprema, 37
surinamensis, 33
synagriformis, 24
taamui, 30
taediiformis, 37
talisckensis, 34
tancrei, 40
Ungyraeformis, 36, 40
teriolensis, 35
teroliensis [sic], 35
theobromae, 34
therevaeformis, 36
Ihynniformis, 30
thyreiformis, 37
triannuliformis, 40
frirtw, 40
trivittata, 34
tropica, 41
tucumana, 34
turanica, 39
typhiiformis [sic], 34
umbrifera, 37
unicincta, 32, 36
unicolor, 35
uniformis, 31, 42
uralensis, 34
uroceri/ormis, 40
utahensis, 38
w/ox, 34
venatensis, 35
vespipennis, 23, 24
vidua, 40
votaria, 34
wagneri, 34
xanthia, 35
xanthonympha, 34
xanthopyga, 34
xanthosticta, 34
xiphiaeformis, 30
?//m, 36
zimmermannt, 37
5?ja, Sphinx, 34
sesiiformis, Paranthrene, 24
Sesiomorpka, 15
abnormis, 15
sessilis, Simaethis, 55
.SrtM [sic], 27
dioctriaeformis, 30
masariformis, 32
Setiostoma albipes, 57
setodiformis, Sesia, 33
setodiformis, Synanthedon, 33
sevenari, Chamaesphecia, 37
sexfasciata, Aegeria, 38
sexfasciella, Choreutidia, 53, 55
sexfasciella, Choreutis, 55
sexfassiella [sic], Eulromula, 55
sexstriata, Trichobaptes, 44
sexualis, Macrotarsipus, 41
sexualis, Tipulamima, 41
seyrigella, Nigilgia, 15
seyrigi, Chamaesphecia, 37
seyrigi, Malgassesia, 42
seyrigi, Tipulamima, 41
shakojianus, Zenodoxus, 22
shugnana, Sesia, 28
shugnana, Sphecia, 28
Siamethis [sic], 50
siamica, Melittia, 27
sibirica, Choreuthis [sic], 52
sibirica, Prochoreutis, 52
siccima, Paranthrene, 24
, Pyropteron, 39
, Zenodoxus, 22
sidalceae, Zenodoxus, 22
sigmoidea, Sesia, 33
sigmoidea, Synanthedon, 33
Signaphora, 28
sikkima, Paranthrene, 24
sikkima, Sciapteron, 24
silphiella, Choreutes [sic], 53
silphiella, Tebenna, 53
silvai, Paranthrehe, 24
Simaethis, 50
abstitella, 53
136 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
a-caentleum [sic], 54
achyrodes, 53
a-coeruleum, 54
aegyptiaca, 53
aeUrnalis [sic], 50
albifascialis, 53
albifasciata, 53
albimaculana, 49
albipes, 57
amalana, 49
amethystodes, 53
analoga, 53
anthorma, 53
antichlora, 53
antigrapha, 53
argoxantha, 53
atrosignata, 53
augustana [sic], 51
aurofasciana, 56
barbigera, 53
foua/w, 53
bjerkandrana, 52
brachymorpha, 50
buthusalis, 49
chalcotoxa, 53
chatuidea, 53
chelaspis, 53
chionodesma, 53
collapsa, 54
coZ/wta, 53
combinatana, 53
confluxana, 49
contubemaiis, 56
cothurnata, 54
cyanotoxa, 54
depulsana, 49
dichlora, 54
diplogramma, 54
dryodora, 54
<r/a/<r//a, 50
emplecta, 54
entechna, 54
equatoris, 54
euclista, 54
eumetra, 54
exaisana, 50
exocha, 53
exocka [sic], 53
falsified, 54
fasciata, 53
flavimaculata, 54
fulminea, 54
gratiosa, 54
halimora, 50
holachyrma, 54
houtluinalis [sic], 56
hyligenes, 54
hypocalla, 50
ialeura, 54
inscriptana, 54
inspoliata, 53
iochondra, 53
irimochia, 54
irridens, 54
ilriodes, 54
japonica, 54
kochiensis, 53
fodki, 57
lethaea, 54
limonias, 54
ludifica, 54
lutescens, 54
lygaeopa, 54
marmarea, 53
melanopepla, 54
melophaga, 54
metallica, 54
microlitha, 53
milhana, 56
ministra, 53
moiwana, 53
musicosema, 56
nigromaculata, 57
niphocrypta, 54
nivescens, 53
obarata, 54
onus tana, 53
ophiodesma, 56
ophiosema, 54
optica, 54
orinympha, 56
omaticomis, 54
orthogona, 54
parietariae, 50
parva, 55
pelargodes, 55
periploca, 55
piepersiana, 55
pilaria, 54
plectodes, 55
plumbealis, 55
plutana, 56
plutusana, 56
porphyratma, 55
pronubana, 56
psilachyra, 55
pyrrhoclista, 55
regularis, 55
rimulalis, 56
rutilella, 56
sandaracina, 55
sapporensts, 55
scenophora, 56
scintiliana, 56
semicincla, 55
sessilis, 55
stereocrossa, 55
strepsidesma, 55
sycopola, 55
symbolaea, 53
taprobanes, 55
threnodes, 55
tigroides, 55
tillyardi, 53
tomuodes, 55
torridula, 55
triacmias, 56
tricyamtis, 55
tristis, 53
trogalia, 55
turilega, 55
urbana, 53
unicana [sic], 50
vicarialis, 53, 54
vicarilis [sic], 54
xanthogramma, 55
yakushimensis, 55
zomeuta, 53
Simaethis chalybea, 57
Simaethistis, 57
leechi, 57
Simaetis [sic], 50
Simethis [sic], 50
similata, Burlacena, 15
Similipepsis, 44
aurea, 44
lasiocera, 44
typica, 44
violaceus, 44
Simoethis [sic], 50
simois, Aegeria 33
simois, Synanthedon, 33
simonyi, Lenyra, 43
simplex, Choreutis, 55
simulans, Paranthrene, 24
simulans, Trochilium, 24
Sincara, 25
alopecura, 25
cambyses, 25
confusa, 25
crassicornis, 25
eumeniformis, 25
lytea, 25
maeonia, 25
manilia, 25
NUMBER 314 137
manoba, 25
phyllis, 25
sinensis, Monopetalotaxis, 42
sinensis, Sphecia, 28
sinensis, Toleria, 28
siphana, Phalaena, 56
sireciformis, Sphinx, 28
sirphiformis, Bembecia, 39, 40
sirphiformis, Sesia, 39, 40
Sisyroctenis, 14
hemicamina, 14
slossonia, Tortyra, 56
slossonia, Walsinghamia, 56
smaragdina, Trilochana, 44
smaragditis, Saptha, 56
smithi, Melittia, 27
snowii, Melittia, 27
sodalis, Synanthedon, 33
Solaris, Choreutis, 52
Solaris, Prochoreutis, 52
solituda, Larunda, 25
soldana [sic], Procerata, 13
Sometia [sic], 27
sophax, Aegeria, 41
sophax, Tipulamima, 41
Sophona, 22
flavizonata, 22
halictipennis, 22
Soronia, 21
cuprealis, 21
soror, Adixoa, 42
sororculella, Choreutis, 52
sororculella, Prochoreutis, 52
Sospita, 37
spadicicorpus, Homogyna, 43
spectabilis, Tortyra, 56
sphaeciformis [sic], Synanthedon, 33
sphaeralceae, Zenodoxus, 22
Sphecia, 27
asamaensis, 28
asamaiensis [sic], 28
bombyliformis, 42
caeruleonitens [sic], 25
championi, 23
coeruleonitens, 25
contaminata, 27, 28
contracta, 21
crabroniforme, 28
dasypodiformis, 28
yixJCTij, 21
fitmosa, 28
mandarina, 28
ommatiaeformis, 32
orophila, 28
repanda, 27, 28
rhynchioides, 28
romanovi, 28
, 28
shugnana, 28
sinensis, 28
tricolor, 44
spheciformis, Sphinx, 33
spheciformis, Synanthedon, 33
Sphecodoptera, 27
flavicollis, 28
Sphecoptera [sic], 27
Sphecosesia, 44
aterea, 44
brachyptera, 44
melanostoma, 44
pedunculata, 44
sphegiformis, Sphinx, 33
sphenodes, Synanthedon, 33
Sphinx anthraciformis [sic], 29
anthraciniformis, 29
apiformis, 27, 28
appendiculatus, 13
asiliformis, 23, 24, 34
banchiformis, 36
bembeciformis, 27, 28
bibioniformis, 35
bombiliformis, 25, 26
bombyciformis, 37
bombyliformis, 26
brosiformis, 22
chalcidiformis, 35
chalciformis, 35
chimaera, 13
chrysidiformis, 39
chrysorrhoea, 34
conopiformis, 30 ?
crabroniformis, 24, 27, 28, 40
cu/?, 30
culiciformis, 29, 30, 33, 36
cynipiformis,34
empiformis, 34, 37
flammens, 31
formicaeformis, 31
haemorrhoidalis, 39
ichnevmoniformis, 33, 38, 39, 40
laphriaeformis, 28
leucaspis, 45
leucophiformis [sic], 36
leucopsiformis, 34, 36
megillaeformis, 39
muscaeformis, 37, 39
myopiformis, 32
nomadaeformis, 31
oestriformis, 28, 34
ophioniformis, 40
plumipes, 45
rhagioniformis, 40
rhingiaeformis, 24
salmachus, 34
scoliaeformis, 33
scopigera, 38, 39, 40
Kj/'a, 34
sireciformis, 28
spheciformis, 33
sphegiformis, 33
stomoxiformis, 28, 33
syrphiformis, 30, 40
systrophaeformis, 40
tabaniformis, 22, 23, 24
tenebrioniformis, 28
tenthrediniformis, 30, 34, 37
tentrediniformis [sic], 31
tt&ia/tj, 27
tineiformis, 22
<?>ufo, 3 4
tipuliformis, 29, 34
typhiaeformis, 34
2VJ/M2, 2 8
vespiformis, 22, 24, 28, 34, 40
zonato, 32
zonatus, 32
spilogastra, Tinthia, 22
spilogastra, Trichocerota, 22
spintheritis, Brenthia, 50
splendida, Bembecia, 40
splendida, Sciapteron, 40
sporimaea, Lygronoma, 57
sporodelta, Tortyra, 56
5/>H/*n, &na, 33
spuleri, Synanthedon, 33
squamata, Thyranthrene, 44
statuiformis, Sesia, 40
staudingeri, Chamaesphecia, 37
staudingeri, Melittia, 27
staudingeri, Sesia, 37
stelidiformis, Sesia, 36
stellaris, Choreutis, 52
stellaris, Prochoreutis, 52
stenorma, Brenthia, 50
Stenosphecia, 41
columbica, 41
stenothyris, Aegeria, 33
stenothyris, Synanthedon, 33
stephanephora, Litobrenthia, 49
stereocrossa, Choreutis, 55
stereocrossa, Simaethis, 55
stimulans, Brenthia, 50
stiziforme, Sciapteron, 40
stiziformis, Bembecia, 40
stiziformis, Sesia, 40
138 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
stomoxiformis, Sphinx, 28, 33
stomoxiformis, Synanthedon, 33
stomoxyformis [sic], Sesia, 33
straminella, Atychia, 14
straminella, Brachodes, 14
strandi, Bembecia, 40
strandi, Dipsosphecia, 40
strepsidesma, Choreutis, 55
strepsidesma, Simaethis, 55
streptatma, Choreutis, 55
striana, Choregia, 55
striata, Chamanthedon, 41
strigipennis, Melittia, 26
strophalora, Brenthia, 50
stylophora, Brenthia, 50
suavis, Brenthia, 50
svavis, Choreutis, 50
subaerea, Carmenta, 38
subaerea, Pyrrhotaenia, 38
subapicalis, Oligophlebia, 42
subauratus, Synanthedon, 29
subceriaeformis, Pyropteron, 35
subfervidum, Sciapteron, 23
submarginalis, Choreutis, 55
submarginalis, Herbula, 55
submicalis, Tebenna, 53
substriata, Phycodes, 15
subtilhma, Conopia, 33
subtil lima, Synanthedon, 33
suffusata, Carmenta, 38
suisharyonis, Microsphecia, 22
sulphureopyga, Melittia, 27
sumatrana, Melittia, 26
superba, Antkophila, 50
superba, Bembecia, 33
superba, Melittia, 26
superba, Melittia, 26, 27
superbella, Phycodes, 15
supremo, Sesia, 37
Sura, 25
bicolor, 25
chalybea, 25
cyanea, 25
cyanolampra, 25
ellenbergeri, 25
ignicauda, 25
lampadura, 25
melanochalcia, 25
Phoenicia, 25
pryeri, 25
pyrocera, 25
ruflcauda, 25
rufitibia, 25
tetrapora, 25
uncariae, 25
xylocopiformis, 25
Sura xylocopiformis, 25
surinamensis, Sesia, 33
surinamensis, Synanthedon, 33
surodes, Podosesia, 37
sybaritis, Saptha, 56
sybaritis, Tortyra, 56
sycopola, Choreutis, 55
sycopola, Simaethis, 55
Sylphidia, 41
modesta, 41
pauper, 32
perlucida, 41
pulchra, 41
sylphina, Lepidopoda, 40
sylvestralis, Lepidopoda, 40
Sylvora, 29
buscki, 29
Symaethis [sic], 50
symbolaea, Asterivora, 53
symbolaea, Simaethis, 53
Symphorostola, 57
encomias, 57
synagriformis, Sesia, 24
Synanthedon, 28
acerni, 29
acerrubri, 29
aequalis, 29
aericincta, 29
aerosa, 29
albanica, 29
albicalcarata, 29
albicornis, 29
alenica, 29
alien, 29
andrenaeformis, 29
angarodes, 29
anisozona, 29
anomaliformis, 29
apicalis, 29
arctica, 29
arizonensis, 29
arkansasensis, 29
asema, 29
astragali, 29
astyarcha, 29
aulograpta, 29
aurania, 29
aurifera, 29
auripes, 29
auriplena, 29
auritincta, 29
autremonti, 29
basalis, 29
benoisti, 29
beutenmuelleri, 29
bibionipennis, 29
bicingulata, 29
bifenestrata, 29
blaciformis, 29
bolteri, 29
bosqi, 29
buprestiformis, 29
caeruleifascia, 29
caerulipes, 29
canadensis, 29
castaneae, 29
catalina, 29
caternaulti, 29
cephiformis, 29
ceraca, 29
cerceriformis, 29
ceres, 29
ccropaliformis, 29
chalybea, 30
chea, 30
chlorothyris, 30
chorogi, 30
chosensis, 30
chrysidipennis, 30
chrysonympha, 30
chrysoptera, 30
cirrhozona, 30
citrura, 30
cladiiformis, 30
clavicornis, 30
coccidivora, 30
coded, 30
concavifascia, 30
conopiformis, 30
coquimbensis, 30
corporalis, 30
cretica, 30
croaticus, 30
croesiformis, 30
cruentata, 30
cryptica, 30
cubana, 30
culiciformis, 30
cupreifascia, 30
cyanescens, 30
cyanospira, 30
danieli, 30
danubica, 30
dasyproctos, 30
dasysceles, 30
deceptura, 30
decipiens, 30
deserta, 30
dimorpha, 30
NUMBER 314 139
dinetiformis, 30
dioctriacformis, 30
dominicki, 30
drucei, 30
duplex, 30
duporti, 30
erythrogama, 30
erythromma, 30
ethiopica, 30
exitiosa, 30
exochiformis, 31
fasciculipes, 31
fatifera, 31
ferdinandi, 31
flava, 31
flavicaudata, 31
flavicincta, 31
flavipalpis, 31
flavipalpus, 31
flavipectus, 31
flaviventris, 31
flavostigma, 31
flavostrigata, 31
formicaeformis, 31
fulvipes, 31
fulvopyga, 31
gabuna, 31
gaderensis, 31
geliformis, 31
germaini, 31
glyptaeformis, 31
gracilis, 31
guatemalena, 31
guineabia, 31
guyanensis, 31
hadassa, 31
hades, 31
haematica, 31
haemorrhoidalis, 31
halmyris, 31
hampsoni, 31
harti, 31
hector, 31
heinrichi, 31
hela, 31
helena, 31
helenis, 31
hemigymna, 31
hermione, 31
hippolyte, 31
hispides, 31
howqua, 31
hypochalcia, 31
lignicauda, 31
ignifera, 31
infuscata, 31
insidiosa, 31
iris, 31
ischniformis, 31
javana, 31
kathyae, 31
laeta, 31
laticincta, 31
laticivora, 31
laticraspedontis, 31
lecerfi, 31
lemoulti, 31
leptomorpha, 31
leptosceles, 31
leucocyanea, 31
leucogaster, 31
longipes, 32
loranthi, 32
luctuosa, 32
macropyga, 32
maculiventris, 32
mardia, 32
martenii, 32
martjanovi, 32
melini, 31
melli, 32
mellinipennis, 32
mercatrix, 32
mesiaeformis, 32
mesochoriformis, 32
mimus, 32
modesta, 32
monogama, 32
monozona, 32
moorei, 32
moupinicola, 32
mushana, 32
mydaides, 32
myopiformis, 32
myrmosaepennis, 32
nannion, 32
nautica, 32
neotropica, 32
nigrifrons, 32
novaroensis, 32
nuba, 32
nyanga, 32
olenda, 32
ommatiaefbrmis, 32
opalizans, 32
opiiformis, 32
oreintaiis, 32
panisciformis, 32
panurgiformis, 32
pauper, 32
peltastiformis, 32
peltata, 32
pensilis, 32
pentazona, 32
peruviana, 32
phasiaeformis, 32
pictipes, 32
pini, 32
pipiziformis, 32
pistarcha, 32
pittheis, 32
plagiophleps, 32
platyuriformis, 32
plectisciformis, 32
polaris, 32
polygoni, 32
porizoniformis, 33
producta, 33
proserpina, 33
proxima, 33
pulchnpennis, 33
pyrethra, 33
pyri, 33
pyrodisca, 33
pyrosema, 33
pyrosoma, 33
pyrostoma, 33
quercus, 33
refulgens, 33
resplendens, 33
rhodia, 33
rhododendri, 33
rhodothictis, 33
rhyssaeformis, 33
richardsi, 33
rileyana, 33
romani, 33
rubripalpis, 33
rubripes, 33
rubripicta, 33
rubrofascia, 33
rufa, 33
ruflbasalis, 33
ruficaudis, 33
santanna, 33
sapygaeformis, 33
saxifragae, 33
scarabitis, 33
schwarzi, 33
sciophilaeformis, 33
scitula, 33
scoliaeformis, 33
scythropa, 33
sellustiformis, 33
semirufa, 33
140 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
semitrista, 33
senta, 33
sequoiae, 33
serica, 33
setodiformis, 33
sigmoidea, 33
simois, 33
sodalis, 33
spheciformis, 33
sphenodes, 33
spuleri, 33
stenothyris, 33
stomoxiformis, 33
subtillima, 33
surinamensis, 33
tabogana, 33
taikanensis, 34
talischensis, 34
tenuis, 34
tenuiventris, 34
tetranoma, 34
theobroma, 34
theobromae, 34
theryi, 34
tineosphecia, 34
tipuliformis, 34
trithyris, 34
tryphoniformis, 34
tucumana, 34
typhiaeformis, 34
unocingulata, 34
uralensis, 34
uranauges, 34
vassei, 34
velox, 34
ventralis, 34
versicolor, 34
vespiformis, 34
viburni, 34
votaria, 34
wagncri, 34
whitelyi, 34
xanthomelanina, 34
xanthoneura, 34
xanthonympha, 34
xanthopyga, 34
xanthosoma, 34
xanthosticta, 34
xanthozonata, 34
Synanthedon achillaeae [sic], 33
albociliata, 38
albocingulata, 30
almohades, 30
atavus, 30
auritincta, 38
behrensi [sic], 33
biannulata [sic], 30
bianulala, 30
bosqui [sic], 29
chrysostetha, 37
clam, 31
duplex, 31
flammeus [sic], 31
flavipectus, 31
florisanlella [sic], 38
fulva, 31
fumosa, 29
guatemalana [sic], 31
hemizonae [sic], 29
inversa, 30
kabylaria, 30
It moulti, 31
lucasi, 30
lugubris, 30
maroccana, 30
monedulaeformis, 29
niphonica, 33
pithets [sic], 32
polycincta, 34
quadnannullata, 34
quadriannullata-rujimarginata, 34
quercus [sic], 38
sallustiformis [sic], 33
sphaeciformis [sic], 33
subauratus, 29
tiphiaeformis, 34
tobogana [sic], 33
vespirmis [sic], 34
volaria [sic], 34
Synathedon [sic], 29
Synechodes, 14
coniophora, 14
syngenica, Euryphrissa, 40
Syntomis vacua, 15
syringae, Aegeria, 37
syringae, Podosesia, 37
syrphiformis, Dipsosphecia, 40
syrphiformis, Sphinx, 30, 40
systrophaeformis, Sphinx, 40
tabaniformis, Paranthrene, 24
tabaniformis, Sphinx, 22, 23, 24
tabanus, Melittia, 27
tabogana, Aegeria, 33
tabogana, Synanthedon, 33
tabularia, Saptha, 56
tabularta, Tortyra, 56
tacoma, Sesia, 30
tacubayella, Caloreas, 52
tacubayella, Choreutis, 52
taediiformis, Chamaesphecia, 37
taediiformis, Sesia, 37
taikanensis, Scabisa, 29, 34
taikanensis, Synanthedon, 34
taiwanellus, Zenodoxus, 22
takaonis, Anthophilta, 57
talischensis, Sesia, 34
talischensis, Synanthedon, 34
talyshensis, Choreutis, 52
talyshensis, Prochoreutis, 52
tanaceti, Albuna, 25
tancrei, Bembecia, 40
tancrei, Sesia, 40
taonopa, Phycodes, 15
tapeina, Chamanthedon, 41
taprobanes, Choreutis, 55
laprobanes, Simaethis, 55
Tarsa, 23
bombyciformis, 23
Tarsopoda, 41
remipcs, 41
Tarsopoda lampes [sic], 41
marcia, 28
taylori, Aegeria, 42
tayuyana, Melittia, 27
Tebenna, 52
agalmatopa, 52
agelasta, 52
alliciens, 52
balsamorrhizella, 52
bjerkandrella, 52
bradleyi, 52
carduiella, 52
caucasica, 52
chingana, 52
chodzhajevi, 52
chrysotacta, 52
chrysoterma, 52
diana, 52
fuscidorsis, 52
gemmalis, 52
gnaphaliella, 52
immutabilis, 52
inspirata, 52
isshikii, 52
kawabei, 52
lapidaria, 52
leptilonella, 52
micalis, 52
onustana, 53
piperella, 53
pretiosana, 53
pychnomochla, 53
siphiella, 53
submicalis, 53
NUMBER 314 141
Tebenna issikii [sic], 52
Tebeuna [sic], 52
chingana, 52
Ucta, Aegeria, 38
tecta, Carmenta, 38
Tegna, 14
hyblaeella, 14, 15
Teinotarsina, 28
Tcleosphecia, 41
bibio, 41
unicolor, 41
telcta, Bembecia, 40
teleta, Dipsosphecia, 40
Unebnomformis, Sphinx, 28
tenebrosa, Bembecia, 40
tenebrosa, Dipsosphecia, 40
tengyraeformis, Bembecia, 40
tengyraeformis, Sesia, 36, 40
tenthrediniformis, Chamaesphecia, 37
tenthrediniformis, Sphinx, 31, 34, 37
tentrediniformis [sic], Sphinx, 31
tenuimarginata, Lepidopoda, 40
tenuimarginata, Sciapteron, 40
tenuis, Aegeria, 34
tenuis, Synanthedon, 34
tenuiventris, Synanthedon, 34
tepperi, Pyrrhotaenia, 29
Uriolensis, Sesia, 35
terminiflava, Conopsia, 41
terminiphora [sic], Conopsia, 41
teroliensis [sic], &jta, 35
terribile, Sciapteron, 25
terrible [sic], Sciapteron, 25
tertiana, Phycodes, 15
tetartodipla, Brenthia, 50
tetranoma, Aegeria, 34
tetranoma, Synanthedon, 34
tetrapora, Sura, 25
tetrazona, Lophoceps, 42
texana, Carmenta, 38
texana, Pyrrhotaenia, 38
thalassina, Paranthrene, 24
Thamnoscelis, 44
inclemens, 44
Thamnoscelis, 43
prisciformis, 43
Thamnosphecia, 29
aflm, 29
thaumasia, Melittia, 26
Thaumatographa, 57
theobroma, Conopia, 34
theobroma, Synanthedon, 34
theobromae, Sesia, 34
theobromae, Synanthedon, 34
therevaeformis, Sesia, 36
theryi, Synanthedon, 34
thomyris, Chamaesphecia, 37
thoracalis, Melittia, 27
threnodes, Choreutis, 55
threnodes, Simaethis, 55
thynniformis, Sesia, 30
Thyranthrene, 44
metazonata, 44
obliquizona, 44
squamata, 44
thyreiformis, Sesia, 37
thyrsodoxa, Gymnosophistis, 43
tibialis, Melittia, 27
tibialis, Sesia, 28
tibialis, Sphinx, 27
tibialis, Trochilium, 28
tigripes, Melittia, 26
tigroides, Choreutis, 55
tigroides, Simaethis, 55
tillyardi, Asterivora, 53
tillyardi, Simaethis, 53
timur, Sesia, 28
timur, Trochilium, 28
Tinaegeria, 44
ochracea, 44
Tinea bjerkandrella, 52
vibrana, 52
tineiformis, Microsphecia, 22
tineiformis, Sphinx, 22
tineosphecia, Synanthedon, 34
tingitana, Pyropteron, 35
Tinthia, 21
cuprealis, 21
cymbalistis, 21
mesatma, 21
postcristata, 21
ruficollaris, 21
varipes, 21
xanthospila, 21
Tinthia cons trie ta, 22
editha, 22
endopyra, 43
lambomella, 22
spilogastra, 22
variegata, 25
vitrifasciata, 43
xanthophora, 43
xanthopila [sic], 21
tiphiaeformis, Synanthedon, 34
tipula, Sphinx, 34
Tipulamima, 41
aristura, 41
auronitens, 41
festiva, 41
flammipes, 41
flavifrons, 41
grandidieri, 41
haugi, 41
hypocalla, 41
ivondro, 41
malimba, 41
nigriceps, 41
opalimargo, 41
pyrosoma, 41
sexualis, 41
seyrigi, 41
tricincta, 41
Tipulia, 29
tipuliformis, Sphinx, 29, 34
tipuliformis, Synanthedon, 34
Tipulomima [sic], 41
aristura, 41
tiresa, Aegeria, 41
tiresa, Chamanthedon, 41
Tirista, 25
argentifrons, 25
praxila, 25
tobogana [sic], Synanthedon, 33
Toleria, 28
abiaeformis, 28
sinensis, 28
tomentosa, Adixoa, 42
tomicodes, Choreutis, 55
tomicodes, Simaethis, 55
tonkiniana, Lenyra, 43
Toosa, 45
glaucopiformis, 45
topitis, Choreutis, 55
topitis, Hemerophila, 55
torrancia, Carmenta, 38
torridula, Choreutis, 55
torridula, Simaethis, 55
tortricina, Phycodes, 15
Tortrix angustana, 51
dentana, 50
diana, 52, 53, 54
nemorana, 53
oxyacanthana, 50
urticana, 51
Tortyra, 56
aenescens, 56
argent i fascia, 56
auriferalis, 56
aurofasciana, 56
cantharodes, 56
caracasiae, 56
chalcobathra, 56
chalcodes, 56
cuprinella, 56
ferratella, 56
142 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
fulgens, 56
hyalozona, 56
ignita, 56
malacozona, 56
orphnophanes, 56
rhodochlaena, 56
slossonia, 56
spectabilis, 56
sporodelta, 56
violacea, 56
vividis, 56
Tortyra aeolodoxa, 55
aurofasciata [sic], 56
angustistriata, 55
beryllitis, 55
centrifuga, 56
chorica, 56
chrysoprasitis, 55
cypridia, 55
exanthista, 55
formosana, 56
heliaspis, 57
indopa, 55
libanota, 55
macrospila, 56
palaeocosma, 57
paradeipha, 56
prasochalca, 56
prodigella, 55
sybaritis, 56
tabularui, 56
torva, Albuna, 25
toulgoetella, Nigilgia, 15
toulgoetella, Nigilgia, 15
Tradescanticola, 42
uniformis, 42
transcaucasicum, Sciapteron, 23
triacmias, Hemerophila, 56
triacmias, Simaethis, 56
triannulata, Trochilium, 30
triannuliformis, Bembecia, 40
triannuliformis, Sesia, 40
Trichobaptes, 44
auristrigata, 44
Trichobaptes sextstriata, 44
Trichocerata [sic], 22
Trichocerota, 22
antigama, 22
bicolor, 22
brachythyra, 22
cupreipennis, 22
diplotima, 22
dizona, 22
eryt branches, 22
fulvistriga, 22
intervenata, 22
lambornella, 22
leiaeformis, 22
linozona, 22
radians, 22
ruficincta, 22
spilogastra, 22
univitta, 22
Trichocerota proximo, 22
tricincta, Aegeria, 24, 32
tricincta, Macrotarsipodes, 41
tricincta, Paranthrene, 24
tricincta, Tipulamima, 41
tricinctas [sic], Paranthrene, 24
tncinctus, Macrotarsipodes, 41
tricolor, Anypoptus, 44
tricolor, Sphecia, 44
tricyanitis, Choreutis, 55
tricyanitis, Simaethis, 55
trifasciatus, Zenodoxus, 22
trilampas, Brenthia, 50
trilitha, Brenthia, 50
Trilochana, 44
chalciptera, 44
insignis, 44
oberthueri, 44
phaedrostoma, 44
scolioides, 44
smaragdina, 44
triscoliopsis, 44
Trilochana boulleti, 44
chrysochloris, 23
ignicauda, 25
oberthiiri, 44
trimachaera, Brenthia, 50
triphaenoides, Atychia, 14
triphaenoides, Miscera, 14
triscoliopsis, Trilochana, 44
tristis, Asterivora, 53
tristis, Atychia, 14
tristis, Bembecia, 40
tristis, Brachodes, 14
tristis, Gauris, 56
tristis, Hemerophila, 56
tristis, Paranthrene, 24
tristis, Pyropteron, 35
tristis, Sesia, 40
tristis, Simaethis, 53
trithyris, Aegeria, 34
trithyris, Synanthedon, 34
tritonias, Chamaesphecia, 37
trivittata, Sesia, 34
trizonata, Paranthrene, 24
trizonata, Sciapteron, 24
Trochilia, 24
Trochilina, 42
candescens, 42
Trochilium, 27
acericolum, 29
acemi, 29
alenica, 29
allantiformis, 35, 36
ashtaroth, 43
astarte, 26
caerulifera, 24
cajlischii, 28
califomicum, 28
ceto, 26
coracodes, 24
cuprtifascia, 30
denudatum, 23, 37
eurytwn, 26, 27
Jlavocingulata, 30
fraxim, 37
gallivorum, 33
grandis, 26
hospes, 33
ignicollis, 28
/<ui?r<j, 39
luggeri, 24
lustrans, 38
maculiferum, 28
marginata, 21
minimum, 28
pacificum, 28
phorcus, 27
przewalskii, 28
pugnax, 28
rufimarginata, 34
simulans, 24
, 28
, 28
triannulata, 30
vespipenne, 23
Trochilum [sic], 27
brunnea, 28
trogalia, Choreutis, 55
trogalia, Simaethis, 55
tropica, Chamanthedon, 41
tropica, Sesia, 41
tryphoniformis, Aegeria, 34
tryphoniformis, Synanthedon, 34
tshimgana, Bembecia, 40
tshimgana, Dipsosphecia, 40
tucumana, Sesia, 34
tucumana, Synanthedon, 34
tunetana, Dipsosphecia, 39
turanica, Sesia, 39
turbida, Chamaesphecia, 37
turcmena, Bembecia, 40
NUMBER 314 143
turcmena, Dipsosphecia, 40
turilega, Choreutis, 55
turilega, Simaethis, 55
typhiaeformis, Sphinx, 34
typhiaeformis, Synanthedon, 34
typhiiformis [sic], Sesia, 34
typica, Similipepsis, 44
typica, Vespaegeria, 44
Tyrictaca, 44
antiphanopa, 44
apicalis, 44
ultimana, Choreutis, 52
ultimana, Prochoreutis, 52
umbrifera, Chamaesphecia, 37
umbrifera, Sesia, 37
umbrosa, Mclittia, 27
uncariae, Sura, 25
uniancta, Sesia, 32, 36
unicolor, Aegeria, 41
unicolor, Bonia, 44
unicolor, Sesia, 35
unicolor, Teleosphecia, 41
uniformis, Sesia, 31, 42
uniformis, Tradescanticola, 42
univitta, Trichocerota, 22
unocingulata, Synanthedon, 34
uralensis, Sesia, 34
uralensis, Synanthedon, 34
uranauges, Aegeria, 34
uranauges, Synanthedon, 34
uranopla, Idiopogon, 43
Uranothyris, 44
pterotarsa, 44
urbana, Asterivora, 53
urbana, Simaethis, 53
uriicana [sic], Simaethis, 50
uroceriformis, Bembecia, 40
uroceriformis, Sannina, 37
uroceriformis, Sesia, 40
uroceripennis, Saunina [sic], 37
ursipes, Melittia, 27
urticaria, Phalaena, 50
urticaria, Tortrix, 51
usambara, Melittia, 27
ussurica, Choreutis, 52
ussurica, Prochoreutis, 52
ussuriensis, Hemerophila, 53
utahensis, Sesia, 38
vacua, Burlacena, 15
vacua, Syntomis, 15
vahliana, Pyralis, 13
valida, Sagalassa, 14
vancouverensis, Albuna, 25
variegata, Euhagena, 25
variegata, Tinthia, 25
varipes, Tinthia, 21
vassei, Aegeria, 34
vassei, Synanthedon, 34
Veismannia [sic], 37
velatana, Gauris, 56
velatana, Hemerophila, 56
velox, Sesia, 34
velox, Synanthedon, 34
venatensis, Sesia, 35
venerea, Phycodes, 15
ventralis, Aegeria, 34
ventralis, Synanthedon, 34
venusta, Caloreas, 52
venusta, Porpe, 52
verecunda, Aegeria, 38
verecunda, Carmenta, 38
vemetalla, Brachodes, 13
verrugo, Alcathoe, 38
verrugo, Sannina, 38
versicolor, Synanthedon, 34
vespa, Sphinx, 28
Vespaegeria, 44
typica, 44
Vespamima, 29
Vespanthedon, 42
cerceris, 42
vespiformis, Sphinx, 22, 24, 28, 34, 40
vespiformis, Synanthedon, 34
vespipenne, Trochilium, 23
vespipennis, Sesia, 23
vespirmis [sic], Synanthedon, 34
vibralis, Choreutes [sic], 52
vibrana, Tinea, 52
viburni, Synanthedon, 34
vicarialis, Simaethis, 53, 54
vicarilis [sic], Simaethis, 54
victrix, Melittia, 27
vidua, Bembecia, 40
vidua, Sesia, 40
vignae, Aegerina, 40
viguraea, Bembecia, 40
viguraea, Dipsosphecia, 40
vinosa, Choreutis, 55
vinosa, Eutromula, 55
violacea, Choregia, 56
violacea, Tortyra, 56
violaceus, Similipepsis, 44
virginalis, Brenthia, 50
virginiella, Brenthia, 51
viridisquama [sic], Melittia, 26
Vitacea, 24
admiranda, 24
cupressi, 24
polistiformis, 24
scepsiformis, 24
Vitacea huron, 24
vitrifascia [sic], Echidgnathia, 43
vitrifasciata, Echidgnathia, 43
vitrifasciata, Tinthia, 43
vitrina, Albuna, 38
vitriosa, Albuna, 25
vividis, Tortyra, 56
volaria [sic], Conopia, 34
volatilis, Melittia, 27
volaria, Sesia, 34
votaria, Synanthedon, 34
vouauxi, Proaegeria, 44
vuilleti, Metasphecia, 42
vulcanica, Bembecia, 40
vulcanica, Dipsosphecia, 40
wagneri, Bembecia, 40
wagneri, Dipsosphecia, 40
wagneri, Sesia, 34
wagneri, Synanthedon, 34
wahlbergi, Monopetalotaxis, 42
walkeri, Alcathoe, 38
wallowa, Ramosia, 30
Walsinghamia, 56
diva, 56
slossonia, 56
washingtonia, Aegeria, 29
waterloti, Macrotarsipodes, 41
Weismannia, 37
Weismanniola, 37
agdistiformis, 37
welchelorum, Carmenta, 38
wellerae, Carmenta, 38
whitelyi, Aegeria, 34
whitelyi, Synanthedon, 34
wissadulae, Zenodoxus, 22
wittfeldii, Pyrrhotaenia, 38
woodgatei, Carmenta, 38
xanthia, Pyropteron, 35
xanthia, Sesia, 35
xantho, Chamaesphecia, 37
xanthodes, Melittia, 27
xanthogaster, Melittia, 27
xanthogramma, Choreutis, 55
xanthogramma, Simaethis, 55
xanthogyna, Carmenta, 38
xanthogyna, Lepidopoda, 38
xanthomelanina, Synanthedon, 34
xanthomias, Augangela, 43
xanthoneura. Synanthedon, 34
xanthonympha, Sesia, 34
xanthonympha, Synanthedon, 34
144 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
xanthopasta, Chamanthedon, 41
xanthophora, Homogyna, 43
xanthophora, Tinthia, 43
xanthopila [sic], Tinthia, 21
xanthopimpla, Caudicornia, 43
xanthopimplaeformis, Lepidopoda, 40
xanthoplaca, Euthorybeta, 14
xanthopleura, Chamanthedon, 41
xanthoprocta, Atractoceros, 14
xanthoprocta, Phycodes, 14
xanthopus, Melittia, 27
xanthopyga, Paranthrene, 24
xanthopyga, Sesia, 34
xanthopyga, Synanthedon, 34
xanthosoma, Ichnewmmoptera, 34
xanthosoma, Paranthrene, 24
xanthosoma, Sciapteron, 24
xanthosoma, Synanthedon, 34
xanthosome [sic], Ichruumenoptera, 34
xanthospila, Tinthia, 21
xanthosticta, Sesia, 34
xanthosticta, Synanthedon, 34
xanthozonata, Sciapteron, 34
xanthozonata, Synanthedon, 34
Xenoses, 44
macropus, 44
xiphiaeformis, Sesia, 30
xutholopa, Hemerophila, 56
xylocopiformis, Sura, 25
xylocopiformis, Sura, 25
Xylopoda, 50
pariava [sic], 55
pretiosana, 53
Xylopode, 50
yaeyamae, Brenthia, 50
yakushimensis, Choreutis, 55
yakushimensis, Simaethis, 55
yezoensis, Aegeria, 28
yezoensis, Sesia, 28
yezonica, Paranthrene, 23, 24
zebra, Agrophila, 56
zelleri, Sesia, 36
Zenodoxus, 22
aurantia, 22
canescens, 22
constricta, 22
dorsalis, 22
esakii, 22
flavicincta, 22
heucherae, 22
hoplisiformis, 22
issikii, 22
maculipes, 22
mexicanus, 22
myrmosaeformis, 22
palmii, 22
proxima, 22
rubens, 22
sidalceae, 22
taiwanellus, 22
trifasciatus, 22
Zenodoxus bexari, 22
bicolor, 22
incanae, 22
obscura, 22
potentillae, 22
shakojianus, 22
sidae, 22
sphaeralceae, 22
wissadulae, 22
zimmermanni, Chamaesphecia, 37
zimmermanni, Sesia, 37
Zodia, 56
chrysosperma, 56
ochripalpis, 56
plutusana, 56
rutilella, 56
scintillana, 56
zomeuta, Asterivora, 53
zomeuta, Simaethis, 53
zonata, Sphinx, 32
zonatus. Sphinx, 32
zonaventris [sic], Paranthrene, 24
zoneiventris, Paranthrene, 24
zonionota [sic], Albuna, 25
zoniota, Albuna, 25
zoniota, Paranthrene, 25
zygaenura, Episannina, 41
zygophora, Paranthrene, 24
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