Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression Cheryl R. Gnz nd Dniel Pizz with M.T. Shehn 3c Peace of 1783 Sheet, 1933 The first stmp issued during Frnklin D. Roosevelt?s presidency celebrted the 150th nniversry of the end of the Americn Revolution. It shows Generl Wshington?s hedqurters t Newburgh, New York, where the Continentl Army ws disbnded in 1783?twenty miles from FDR?s home t Hyde Prk. Postmster Generl Jmes A. Frley visited the Bureu of Engrving nd Printing on the dy the stmps went into production. He signed nd dted the first sheets off the rotry press nd hung one in his office t postl hedqurters. The choice of  stmp topic tht ws ptriotic nd honored the end of crisis lso brought recognition to New York stte, the home of both FDR nd Frley. Smithsonin Ntionl Postl Museum Wshington, D.C., 2009 Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression Cheryl R. Gnz nd Dniel Pizz with M.T. Shehn Exhibition dtes June 9, 2009 to June 6, 2010 Since opening in 1993, the Smithsonin Ntionl Postl Museum hs creted dozens of exhibits which hve delighted nd engged its millions of wlk-in nd online visitors. I m especilly proud of our ltest exhibit?Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression, which offers  fresh perspective on how stmps communicte with the Americn people. I spent the mjority of my creer t the United Sttes Postl Service. Just s President Frnklin D. Roosevelt held  close reltionship with Postmster Generl Jmes A. Frley, I hd the privilege to serve in vrious positions nd hd the opportunity to build  reltionship with ech postmster generl in office during my time. President Roosevelt nd PMG Frley understood how the power of visul imgery nd mil touch every Americn?s life. Foreword The Ntionl Postl Museum is grteful to the donors of Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression for their support. Thnks to the ongoing generosity of donors like you, the Ntionl Postl Museum is ble to continue to host compelling philtelic exhibits tht ppel to  wide rnge of visitors. I m proud to nnounce tht the NPM is working with its Council of Philtelists nd donors to crete  new Stmp Gllery, which will showcse more of the wonderful tresures from the Smithsonin Ntionl Philtelic Collection. The centerpiece will feture  permnent exhibition of gret rrities nd the story of Americn postge stmps. We re excited tht you hve invested in our current exhibits nd progrms nd hope to hve your ongoing support s we expnd nd build the Stmp Gllery, the premier philtelic center of excellence. I invite you to visit the museum online t www.postlmuseum.si.edu to lern more bout our future plns nd how you cn prticipte. Sincerely, Allen R. Kne Director Smithsonian National Postal Museum 2 Massachusetts Ave. NE MRC 570 PO Box 37012 Washington, DC 20013-7012 http://www.postalmuseum.si.edu Copyright ? 2009 by Smithsonian National Postal Museum ISBN ? 978-0-615-28779-9 Designed by Studio A, Alexandria, Virginia Printed by Nieman Printing, Dallas, Texas Contents Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Stamp Collecting President FDR Sketches for Stamp Designs Personal Interests on National Postage Presidential Authority Illustrated The New Deal Portrayed James A. Farley: Postmaster General Farley?s Follies Original Uncut Press Sheets Optimism and Progress Modernism and Streamlining Color for a Brighter Tomorrow American World?s Fairs of the 1930s End of an Era Acknowledgements / Further Reading 5 6 12 13 13 15 16 17 32 32 33 34 35 36 Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) by Henry Salem Hubbell, 1935 Courtesy of Ntionl Portrit Gllery, Smithsonin Institution; gift of Willrd Hubbell 5Flash-O-Lens Illuminated Magnifier, 1938 Watermark Tray, c. 1930s Lon from the Frnklin D. Roosevelt Presidentil Librry nd Museum, Hyde Prk, New York Stamp Box, c. 1940s This rther nondescript wood nd brss box ws the president?s constnt compnion. He crried his stmps in it wherever he trveled, including his cruises on USS Houston, nd worked on his collection for t lest  hlf hour ech dy. The box ws sent in erly 1945 to Minnie Astor, who intended to commission  lether copy s FDR?s Christms gift tht yer. The president died on April 12, however, nd Mrs. Astor returned the box with shipping lbels still ttched. Lon from the Frnklin D. Roosevelt Presidentil Librry nd Museum, Hyde Prk, New York The stock mrket crsh on October 29, 1929, ended n er of prosperity nd cst the world into the Gret Depression,  decde-long economic struggle. Roosevelt begn his presidency in 1933, the low point for morle nd fiscl crisis. Postge stmps issued during FDR?s first two terms offer  new wy to exmine his efforts to restore confidence. The rewrds of stmp collecting blessed much of FDR?s life. As  child, he looked to stmps for knowledge bout the world. As  polio-stricken dult, they offered solce. Throughout his entire life, including his presidency, he spent time ech dy with his collection. FDR worked on his collection just hours before his deth. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Stamp Collecting President Roosevelt ppointed Jmes A. Frley, his cmpign mnger nd trusted dvisor, to the position of postmster generl. Frley relied on FDR?s dvice nd pprovl for stmp subjects nd designs. FDR influenced design, color, nd occsionlly submitted sketches of his preferences. Together the two purposefully trnsformed the ppernce of United Sttes postge stmps s prt of  strtegy to uplift the ntion?s demorlized spirit. Roosevelt?s sketches for six stmps issued during the Gret Depression nd their die proofs pper on the following pges. A die proof is mde from the originl engrving used to crete the printing pltes. I owe my life to my hobbies?especially stamp collecting. Franklin D. Roosevelt? ? d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 6 3c Byrd Antarctic Expedition Sketch by FDR, 1933 3c Byrd Antarctic Expedition Small Die Proof, 1933 To help support Richrd Byrd?s second expedition to Antrctic, President Roosevelt pproved  stmp s prtil pyment for mil to the specil post office in Little Americ. After rejecting four proposls, FDR sketched  design with mpped routes of Byrd?s expeditions. FDR Sketches for Stamp Designs fd r sk etc h es fo r sta m p d esig n s 7 3c Mothers of America Sketch by FDR, 1934 3c Mothers of America Large Die Proof (detail), 1934 Although originlly intended to honor rtist Jmes Abbott McNeill Whistler, FDR directed tht the stmp be issued to honor mothers for Mother?s Dy mil. The designer ltered the pinting Whistler?s Mother by removing the bckground nd the womn?s feet nd dding  vse of flowers. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 8 3c Susan B. Anthony Sketch by FDR, 1936 3c Susan B. Anthony Small Die Proof, 1936 When FDR sw the model for the Susn B. Anthony stmp, he sketched  revision nd dded  drk ovl frme round the portrit of the women?s rights ctivist. Becuse the stmp ws issued in n election yer nd honored the sixteenth nniversry of women?s right to vote, critics climed it ws politiclly motivted. fd r sk etc h es fo r sta m p d esig n s 9 5c Virginia Dare Sketch by FDR, 1937 5c Virginia Dare Small Die Proof, 1937 Roosevelt?s design for the stmp commemorting the colony of Ronoke?s 350th nniversry fetured n imge of the first English child born in Americ. He requested this squre stmp honoring Virgini Dre be 5c nd in the color bby blue. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 10 6c Eagle Airmail Sketch by FDR, 1938 6c Eagle Airmail Small Die Proof, 1938 The red nd blue bicolor stmp feturing the Americn egle ws bsed on  design FDR sketched to help distinguish irmil letters from regulr mil. The first dy of issue coincided with Ntionl Air Mil Week,  ntionwide cmpign to promote the use of irmil. Courtesy of the United Sttes Postl Service fd r sk etc h es fo r sta m p d esig n s 11 3c 50th Anniversary of Statehood Sketch by FDR, 1939 3c 50th Anniversary of Statehood Small Die Proof, 1939 North Dkot, South Dkot, Montn, nd Wshington ech wnted  commemortive stmp for its fiftieth nniversry. FDR insted drew  single stmp tht incorported ll four sttes on  mp. Ech stte relesed the stmp t its cpitl city on the nniversry of its dmission to the Union. 12 Personal Interests on National Postage Mny stmps issued during FDR?s dministrtion promoted his personl interests. This ws n unprecedented use of presidentil prerogtive. Specil interests recognized by stmps included importnt institutions in FDR?s life. Hving served s secretry of the nvy, he requested stmps feturing both Annpolis nd the U.S. Nvy. The Pnm Cnl stmp credited his cousin, President Theodore Roosevelt, with tht engineering fet. Navy Academy Chapel Essay (detail), 1937 Rejected designs for the 5c stmp issued in 1937 to commemorte the Nvl Acdemy t Annpolis, Mrylnd, were wtercolor nd ink essys depicting views of the cdemy nd nvy symbols. 5c Naval Academy, 1937 Issued on My 26, 1937, the stmp design includes the cdemy?s officil sel nd two midshipmen in historic nd modern uniforms. 6c Bas Obispo Cut Large Die Proof (detail), Canal Zone, 1939 The design depicts the widening nd deepening of the Bs Obispo Cut ner Gmbo, Pnm, c. 1905. 7c Bas Obispo Cut Large Die Proof (detail), Canal Zone, 1939 USS Houston,  nvy cruiser tht crried FDR on severl occsions, is shown trnsiting the Pnm Cnl. Roosevelt suggested this stmp series to highlight the difference in the lndscpe during nd fter the cnl construction. 13 Presidential Authority Illustrated President Roosevelt selected designs for stmps tht creted intense visul imges of the ntion?s role in  modern world. In this wy, he strengthened his own politicl position, reinforced ntionl confidence in Americn gretness, nd responded to his critics. Stmps honoring nniversries in the 1930s linked constitutionl nd presidentil uthority to ntionl gretness. Iconic scenes of the White House, the Constitution?s rtifiction, nd Wshington?s inugurtion reminded citizens of the solidity of Americn politics nd the president?s role. The New Deal Portrayed New Del progrms creted jobs nd put mny people bck to work. Critics, however, chrged tht FDR concen- trted too much power in the federl government. Stmps show the mssive Boulder Dm (Hoover Dm) nd improvements mde throughout the ntionl prk system by the Civilin Conservtion Corps s some of FDR?s gret ccomplishments. The Ntionl Recovery Administrtion, which protected workers? interests, underscored FDR?s belief tht government must protect the welfre of Americn citizens. 4-?c White House Large Die Proof (detail), 1938 The White House ppered on  stmp for the first time with this vlue from the Presidentil Series. 6c Crater Lake (National Parks Issue) Large Die Proof (detail), 1934 The stmp reinforced the gols of FDR?s Civilin Conservtion Corps (CCC) to preserve ntionl resources nd crete jobs. CCC work included lndscping nd construction t Oregon?s Crter Lke Ntionl Prk. The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. Franklin D. Roosevelt ? ? James A. Farley (1888-1976) by Howard Chandler Christy, 1938 New York stte politicins Frley nd FDR worked together during the 1920s. Frley, the son of n Irish brick mker, plyed vitl roles in the Hyde Prk ristocrt?s politicl rise, including orgnizing FDR?s presidentil cmpign. In 1933 Roosevelt ppointed Frley postmster generl, the highest ptronge position in the United Sttes. 15 James A. Farley: Postmaster General For ll the visibility Frley brought to the Post Office Deprt- ment, mny people remember him for ?Frley?s Follies.? Using his position s postmster generl, he purchsed the first sheets of imperforte, ungummed stmps to use for politicl fvors. Philtelists complined, demnding ccess to the sheets. Frley ordered dditionl specil printings of those stmps, now clled ?Frley?s Follies.? 3c Baseball Presentation Sheet, 1939 Plying bsebll llowed Frley to meet every voter in his hometown re, where he ws elected town clerk t ge twenty-two. When s postmster generl he nnounced  bsebll commemortive, subject ides nd demnds from ptrons deluged him. He compromised by choosing  boys? sndlot gme. Critics climed inccurcies in the detils, from glove use to pitcher stnce to umpire clothing. Frley ttended the stmp?s first dy of issue ceremony in Cooperstown, New York. Postmster Generl Frley with mil from Ntionl Air Mil Week, 1938 Postmster Generl Jmes Frley frequently bought imperforte, ungummed sheets of stmps right off the printing press. Both Frley nd FDR signed in the mrgins. Frley presented the first sheet off the press to FDR nd frequently sved the second for his own fmily. Frley often presented other sheets s souvenirs or politicl fvors to friends. He did this twenty times during his tenure. When exposed, the prctice ngered the philtelic community nd politicl opponents. Feeling deprived of ccess to these unique nd invluble sheets, critics lobbied Congress nd demnded justice. To quell the mounting tension, Frley ordered ll twenty sheets reprinted in  specil printing without gum or perfortions nd offered for sle to every Americn who desired the sheets. The reprintings begn on Mrch 15, 1935. Stmp collectors refer to the scndl nd the reprinted sheets s ?Frley?s Follies.? 16 Farley?s Follies This block of four of the reprint utogrphed by Frley in his signture green nd dted Mrch 15, 1935, is the first dy of issue of the specil printing. Postmster Generl Frley visited the Bureu of Engrving nd Printing in 1933 on the dy when the 3c Pece of 1783 stmps went into production. He signed nd dted the first sheets off the press before they were gummed nd perforted. Lter he would utogrph press sheets of other stmps tht would remin uncut nd ungummed. The public hs rrely seen the originl full sheets tht creted the upror. Fifteen of the twenty originl uncut press sheets pper on the following pges, shown in full color together for the first time. o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 3c Mothers of America Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 17 Frley honored mothers of Americ by issuing  stmp for use on Mother?s Dy mil. Though printing begn on April 13, the public could not purchse the stmps until My 2. The first uncut press sheet went to FDR nd the second to his wife, Elenor, who ttended the initil printing ceremony. Original Uncut Press Sheets d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 18 3c Wisconsin Tercentenary Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 Frley strted the press mchinery t the ceremony to initite production. The stmp fetures n imge of French explorer Jen Nicolet, the first Europen to see Lke Michign, encounter Winnebgo Indins, nd explore the region of present-dy Wisconsin. o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 19 1c Yosemite (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheets, 1934 The fmous El Cpitn is fetured t the right of the design. Secretry of the Interior Hrold Ickes lso obtined uncut press sheets of the Ntionl Prk Series. The excitement over the stamp sheets was really a tempest in a teapot. James A. Farley ? ? d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 20 2c Grand Canyon (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The Grnd Cnyon vignette fetures  view of rock temple formtions nd the Bright Angel Cnyon. The dted signtures prove tht these re not reprinted sheets. o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 21 3c Mt. Rainier (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 Frley utogrphed the second sheet off the press of the Mt. Rinier nd Mirror Lke issues for his three children. The first sheet lwys went to President Roosevelt, who lso provided his utogrph. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 22 Cliff Plce,  ruin of prehistoric cliff dwellings, is centrl to the design of the Mes Verde stmp. 4c Mesa Verde (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 23 5c Yellowstone (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 Frley nd FDR signed five sheets of the stmp depicting geyser Old Fithful t Yellowstone Ntionl Prk. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 24 Crter Lke fills the bsin creted by the Mount Mzm (Oregon) volcno. The FDR sheets were prt of his philtelic estte, sold t uction in 1946. 6c Crater Lake (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 25 7c Acadia (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The rock promontory ?Gret Hed? represents Acdi Ntionl Prk, locted t Mine?s Mount Desert Islnd. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 26 8c Zion (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The mssive rock formtion ?Gret White Throne? domintes the Zion Ntionl Prk issue. Frley utogrphed the sheets in his fmous green ink t the time he purchsed them off the press. He lter obtined FDR?s signture. o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 27 9c Glacier (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The Glcier Ntionl Prk issue fetures n imge of Mount Rockwell nd Two Medicine Lke. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 28 Mount Le Conte is centrl to the Gret Smoky Mountins design. FDR?s Civilin Conservtion Corps workers built rods nd tril bridges in mny ntionl prks. 10c Great Smoky Mountains (National Parks Issue) Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 Postmaster General Farley has a splendid chance of being elected Philatelic Enemy No. 1. American Philatelist Magazine ? ? o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 29 American Philatelic Society Souvenir Sheet on Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The Post Office Deprtment prepred  souvenir sheet of six of the Mt. Rinier stmp to sell to stmp collectors t the 1934 stmp show in Atlntic City, New Jersey. d eliv erin g h o pe: fd r & sta m ps o f th e g reat d epressio n 30 Centrl to the Gret Sel stmp?s design, the egle symbolizes unity, virtue, strength, nd independence on this specil delivery irmil sheet. 16c Great Seal of the United States Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 o rig in a l u n c u t press sh eets 31 Trans-Mississippi Philatelic Exhibition Souvenir Sheet on Original Uncut Press Sheet, 1934 The Post Office Deprtment issued souvenir sheets of the 1c Yosemite stmp for the 1934 stmp show in Omh, Nebrsk. 32 Optimism and Progress ? Modernism and Streamlining Roosevelt used his knowledge of existing trends in design, color, nd populr entertinment to communicte  messge of progress. Postge stmps issued during the Gret Depression followed  trend in the decortive rts begun in the 1920s. Designers used ultr-modern fonts nd stremlined imges. The erodynmic look suggested efficiency nd mde  bold sttement bout the future. The Post Office Deprtment opened its first design competi- tion in 1937 for the Presidentil Series. Mny rtists? entries reflected the stremlined style?s uncluttered sophistiction. Winner Eline Rwlinson ws the first womn to design  U.S. postge stmp. Presidential Series Experimental Plate Proof, 1938 The Bureu of Engrving nd Printing produced this unique experimentl plte, incorporting Rwlinson?s winning design nd five others, from which FDR mde the finl selection. Rwlinson?s design, seen in the top two rows of ech pne, cptured the president?s imgintion. 33 Color for a Brighter Tomorrow A color revolution swept the 1920s, mirroring the ntion?s pre-Depression lighthertedness. Populr psychology recognized color?s power to ffect moods, nd mnufcturers pplied this insight to mrketing strtegies. Clothing, utomobiles, kitchen dishes nd pplinces ppered in brighter hues during the lte twenties. Roosevelt understood the color revolution?s usefulness. Seeking wys to revive the ntion?s optimism, he trnsformed the look of Americ?s postge stmps by selecting lighter violets, blues, nd greens for Depression-er issues. 3c Connecticut Tercentenary Model, 1935 President Roosevelt suggested the rose lilc color for this stmp, evidence of his influence in proposing  spectrum of color. 3c Connecticut Tercentenary Small Die Proof, 1935 The president fvored the Chrter Ok tree,  symbol of freedom, to represent the stte of Connecticut on the 300th nniversry of its settlement. 3c Connecticut Tercentenary FDR Memo, 1935 34 American World?s Fairs of the 1930s Chicgo, Sn Diego, Sn Frncisco, nd New York hosted world?s firs during the 1930s, highlighting progress s  prominent theme. Millions escped their dily concerns by visiting the firs, where forwrd-looking exhibits encourged them to believe in  better future. Stmps communicted the ide of progress through themes nd colors. One of the stmps issued for Chicgo?s ?A Century of Progress? bore n imge of the Graf Zeppelin, n undenible representtion of modern technology. 1c Fort Dearborn Progressive Proof, Vignette (detail), 1933 The stremlined fonts nd numerls suggest modernism nd progress. Graf Zeppelin Flown Mail on its Chicago Flight, 1933 Frley sent mil to his wife vi Graf Zeppelin using the specil 50c stmp issued for the flight. The irship represented both technologicl progress nd stremlined efficiency. President Roosevelt?s opening speech t the 1939 New York World?s Fir underscored the federl government?s endurnce ginst mny threts nd its citizens? unity in their desire to move forwrd. Courtesy of the Frnklin D. Roosevelt Presidentil Librry nd Museum, Hyde Prk, New York 35 End of an Era The Gret Depression ended when the Jpnese bombed Perl Hrbor on December 7, 1941, nd the United Sttes entered World Wr II. From tht point forwrd, FDR?s focus chnged. Stmp designs lso chnged to reflect shifting ntionl concerns. The Roosevelt-Frley er ended in 1939 when FDR?s decision to run for  third term destroyed Frley?s presidentil spirtions. Frley, however, undertook one lst mission for his old friend, trveling to Polnd to help Americns leve before the Germn invsion. Mail Postmarked during Pearl Harbor Attack, 1941 This is one of  hndful of surviving envelopes processed in the Honolulu post office during the December 7 ttck on Perl Hrbor, which commenced t 7:48 .m., locl time. A mrine sttioned on Ohu miled it to his friends bck in Iow. 36 Regrdless of politicl lenings, philtelists identify with Frnklin D. Roosevelt, the stmp-collecting president. For the curtors of philtely t the Smithsonin Ntionl Postl Museum, it ws  joy to study the role of stmps in his life nd the postl politics of the 1930s. By looking t his life, his hobby, nd the postge stmps issued during the Gret Depression, we were ble to tell new stories nd offer fresh insights. The bulk of the items in this exhibition nd publiction re drwn from Postmster Generl Jmes A. Frley?s personl philtelic collection of nerly 33,000 stmps nd envelopes, which he donted to the Smithsonin Institution in 1958. Highlights include six stmp design sketches by FDR nd fifteen of the originl uncut, ungummed, nd imperforte press sheets utogrphed by FDR nd Frley tht led to the ?Frley?s Follies? scndl nd reprinting. This booklet illustrtes these tresures for the first time printed in full color. Mny donors mde Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression possible. Members of the NPM?s Council of Philtelists were especilly generous with their time, expertise, nd finncil support. Trcey nd Chrles Shreve donted the pper nd Niemn Printing donted the printing for this booklet. Exhibit sponsors t the Presidential Philatelist level include the Ntionl Postl Museum Philtelic Fund, Tito nd Lur Gimporcro / Rimondo nd Ann Mri Crveri, nd Ashton Potter Security Printers. Cabinet Member sponsors re In C. Gibson-Smith nd Dvid Womck; nd Steven J. nd Frncine D. Rod, in loving memory of Henoch T. Rod. Additionl sponsors include Michel E. Aldrich, Tom Alexnder, Jmes Bgley, Cmille Brdford, Michel Beck, Roger Brody, Chrles J. DiComo, Cheryl R. Gnz, John M. Hotchner, Jmes Kloetzel, Jnet Klug, Vn Koppersmith, Al Kugel, Thoms Mzz, Peter P. McCnn, Robert Odenweller, Dniel nd Jill Pizz, Omr Rodriguez, Robert G. Rose, Wde E. Sdi, M.T. Shehn, Lind Stevens, Herbert A. Trenchrd, Chrles Verge, Aln Wrren, nd Gerhrd nd Din Wolff. Acknowledgements / Further Reading Severl institutions nd individuls loned objects for the exhibition, including the Frnklin D. Roosevelt Presidentil Librry nd Museum, Hyde Prk, New York; Ntionl Portrit Gllery, Smithsonin Institution; United Sttes Postl Service, Jmes A. Frley Post Office; United Sttes Postl Service, Wshington, D.C.; John M. Hotchner; Steven J. Rod; nd Wde Sdi. No exhibition of this cliber cn be stged without  very tlented exhibit tem. Thnk you to Lind Edquist, conservtion; Mrty Emery, website; Dn Flk, exhibits; Merdyth Moore, public reltions; April Prreco, development; Nncy Pope, history of postl opertions; Elizbeth Schorr, collections mngement; Roxnne Symko, project mnger; nd Allison Wickens, eduction. Others who contributed to the exhibit?s success re M.T. Shehn, editoril consultnt; Roger S. Brody, Steven J. Rod, Herb A. Trenchrd, philtelic dvisors; Studio A, design tem; nd Color-Ad, fbrictor. Mny NPM stff worked on vrious spects of the project, including Citlin Bdowski, exhibit preprtion; Polone Bzile, finnce; Erin Blsco, public progrms; Ktie Burke, reserch; Pt Burke, exhibits; Ktie Dorin, events; Mnd Kowlczyk, exhibit preprtion; Bill Lommel, website design; Tom Le, reserch; Jeff Mede, tours; Christine Merend, Argo website; Ptrici Rynor, lons; Kim Wymn, contrcting; nd Helen Young, conservtion. Finlly, we thnk Allen Kne, director of the Smithsonin Ntionl Postl Museum, for supporting philtely tht provides dvnced collectors with ccess to gret rrities while lso offering ll visitors the experience of understnding the significnce of postge stmps nd mil in their lives. Cheryl R. Gnz nd Dniel A. Pizz Curators Bur, Brin C. Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Stamps of the United States 1933-45. Sidney, OH: Linn?s Stmp News, 1993. Bur, Brin C. Franklin D. Roosevelt: The Stamp-Collecting President. Sidney, OH: Linn?s Stmp News, 1999. Delivering Hope: FDR & Stamps of the Great Depression. Wshington, DC: Smithsonin Ntionl Postl Museum, 2009. http://www.postlmuseum. si.edu/ DeliveringHope/index.html. Frley, Jmes A. Behind the Ballots: The Personal History of a Politician. New York: Hrcourt, Brce nd Compny, 1938. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Hyde Prk, NY: Frnklin D. Roosevelt Presidentil Librry nd Museum, 2009. http://www.fdrlibrry. mrist.edu/. Hrmer, H.R., Inc. The Postage Stamp Collection of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Parts One to Four. New York: H.R. Hrmer, 1946. Johl, Mx G. The United States Commemorative Stamps of the Twentieth Century, Volume II, 1935-1947. New York: H.L. Lindquist, 1947. Morris, Melvin, Donld D. Sddler, nd Dvid A. Kent. The Roosevelts on Worldwide Stamps, ATA Handbook #144. Arlington, TX: Americn Topicl Assocition, 2003. Musso, Anthony. FDR and the Post Office: A Young Boy?s Fascination, a World Leader?s Passion. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2006. Shwen, Len. A President?s Hobby: The Story of F.D.R.?s Stamps. New York: H.L. Lindquist, 1949. Slot, Rlph L. Farley?s Follies. Federlsburg, MD: Bureu Issues Assocition, 1979. Thoms, Bernice. The Stamp of FDR: Post Offices in the Mid-Hudson Valley. Fleischmnns, NY: Purple Mountin Press, 2002. 3c Win the War Photo Model with FDR Signature, 1942 3c Win the War Small Die Proof, 1942 U.S. entry into World Wr II signled  new purpose for Americn postge. Roosevelt selected the model of the Americn egle with wings outstretched nd suggested  single stmp in purple. Issued on July 4, Independence Dy, the ?Win the Wr? stmp fetured thirteen strs nd n egle whose wings formed  V for victory. Twenty billion copies were ultimtely issued, trnsforming everydy correspondence into n gent of ptriotism. The National Postal Museum is devoted to presenting the colorful and engaging history of the nation?s mail service and showcasing the largest and most comprehensive collection of stamps and philatelic material in the world. It is located at 2 Massachusetts Avenue N.E., Washington, D.C., across from Union Station. The museum is open daily from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (closed Dec. 25). For more information about the Smithsonian, please call (202) 633-1000 or TTY (202) 633-5285. Visit the museum Web site at www.postalmuseum.si.edu. National Stamp Gallery and Its Future The Smithsonian National Postal Museum is excited to announce a Stamp Gallery expansion project that will transform the museum?s national profile and change the way that museum visitors engage in philately. The new Stamp Gallery at the National Postal Museum is projected to add space to the existing museum and give visitors direct access to the museum from Massachusetts Avenue. It will feature a welcome center, an education center, and philatelic galleries. The new welcome center will introduce museum spaces and integrate philately with the history of postal operations. The Stamp Gallery will educate and inspire people of all ages through galleries that feature philately as a window to the American experience, emphasizing the ways stamps and mail have an impact on every American?s life. The centerpiece will be a permanent exhibit of outstanding philatelic proofs, stamps, and mail from the National Stamp Collection matched with interactive computers. To learn more about giving opportunities associated with the Stamp Gallery, please contact Allen Kane, Director, at 202.633.5501 or April Parreco, Director of Development, at 202.633.5101.