SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIONUNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMBulletin 100VOLUME 14, PART 2
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BIOLOGY OF THEPHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO ANDADJACENT REGIONS
DESCRIPTIONS AND FIGURES OF NEW FISHES OBTAINEDIN PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS BYTHE UNITED STATES BUREAU OF FISHERIESSTEAMER "ALBATROSS"
BYHENRY W. FOWLER
UNITED STATESGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICEWASHINGTON : 1943
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing OfficeWashington, D. C. - Price 10 cents (Paper Cover)

CONTENTS PagoFamily Alepocephalidae 53Genus Xcnodermichthys Gxinther 53Auchenalepoceps, new subgenus 53Genus Leptoderma Vaillant 55Family Ipnopidac 56Ipnoceps, new genus 56Family Syngnathidae 57Parabelonichthys, new genus _ 57Family Serranidae 59Rhomboserra?ws, new genus 59Schistopercinae, new subfamily . 61Schistoperca, new genus 61Family Sparidae 63Genus Pcntapodus Cuvier 63Family Cirrhit idae 65Genus Cyprinocirrhites Tanaka 65Family Scorpaenidae 66Subfamily Scorpaeninae 66Genus Scorpaena Linnaeus 66Subfamily Minoinae 68Paraminous, new genus 68Genus Ocosia Jordan and Starks 70Family Oplichthyidae 72Acanthoplichlhys, new genus . 72Family Peristediidae . 74Subfamily Peristediinae 74Genus Peristedion Lacep^de 74Acanthosledion. new genus 75Family Pomacentridae 77Subfamily Chrominae 77Serrichromis, new genus 77Lepicephalochromis, new genus 78Family Callionymidae 80Genus Calliurichthys Jordan and Fowler 80Genus Synchiropus Gill 81Family Champsodontidae 83Genus Champsodon Gunther 83Family Trichinot idae 85Subfamily Kraemerinae 85Gobitrichinotus, new genus 85Family Pteropsaridae 87Genus Roxasella, new genus 87Family Zoarcidae 89Genus Lycenchelys Gill 89Family Monacathidae 90Genus Stephanolepis Gill . 90m

DESCRIPTIONS AND FIGURES OF NEW FISHESOBTAINED IN PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENTWATERS BY THE UNITED STATES BUREAU OFFISHERIES STEAMER "ALBATROSS"
By Henry W. Fowler
The fishes described in this paper represent the groups Isospondyli,Iniomi, Lophobranchii, Percomorphi, Cataphracti, Chromides, Jugu-lares, and Plectognathi. They were discovered after detailed reportson the Albatross fishes in these groups were prepared. 1 The explana-tions of the computations, sequence of characters, and other data, aswell as diagnoses of the higher groupings (as orders, families, sub-families, and genera) pertaining to the new species studied, are givenin the full reports or in three supplemental papers on the collectionthat have been issued. 2Family ALEPOCEPHALIDAEGenus XENODERMICHTHYS GiintherAUCHENALEPOCEPS, new subgenusType.?Xenodermichthys flinearis, new species.Occiput forms depression, very distinct in profile, with the advancedpredorsal region bulging. This region of predorsal with a mediangroove extending back as far as gill opening.Differs from the subgenus Xenodermichthys in the above characters,as well as in proportions, facies, and fins.(avxyv, nnipe+Alepocephalus.)
1 Six volumes describing the fishes contained in the Albatross Philippine collections havenow appeared in U. S. National Museum Bulletin 100?vol. 7 (1928), vol. 8 (1929), vol. 10(1930), vol. 11 (1931), vol. 12 (1933), and vol. 13 (1941).1 Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands andadjacent seas. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 85, pp. 233-367, figs. 1-117, 1934.Descriptions of new fishes obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamerAlbatross, chiefly in Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 85,
, pp. 31-135, figs. 6-61, 1938.New fishes of the family Callionymidae, mostly Philippine, obtained by the United StatesBureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 90, pp. 1-31, figs.1-16, 1941. 53
54 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMXENODERMICHTHYS FUNEBRIS, new speciesFigure 4Depth 514 ; head 3%, width 21/3. Snout 6^6 in head, convex, short,front end level with lower eye edge; eye 5 1/2> greatly exceeds snout,iy3 in interorbital ; orbit 4 1/( hi head; maxillary reaches below hindeye edge, length 2,ys in head, expansion 1% in eye ; mouth moderate,little inclined from horizontal, upper jaw little protruded and withlower jaw included as closed; teeth minute, uniform, simple, alongedges of jaws, those below much closer as jaws approximated ratherclosely ; interorbital convex, moderately high, width 4% in head. Gillopening large, laterally cleft forward nearly midway in head length.Gill rakers 10+17, pointed flexible lamellae, % longer than gill fila-ments or equal pupil.
Figure 4.
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Xenodermichthys funebris, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99534).Body scaleless. Lateral line axial along side, 55 pores from preo-percle to hind end of caudal squamation and 6 or more continued outon middle rays of caudal.D. 20, 1, well postmedian, sixth ray 3% in head; A. 19, origin littlebehind dorsal origin, seventh ray 5 in head; caudal I14, fin forked,with broad lobes; least depth of caudal peduncle 31/3; pectoral small,short, low, rays 1, 8, fin 3% in head ; ventral 6y10 , rays 1, 5.Color in alcohol uniform velvety black, little paler around dorsaland anal bases narrowly. Fins all blackish, like body.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99534. D. 5348. Point Tabonan, S. 90? E.,33.5 miles (lat. 10?57'45" N., long 118?38'15" E.), Palawan Passage.In 375 fathoms. December 27, 1903. No. 3534. Length 188 mm.to end of broken caudal.
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 55A species resembling Xenodermichthys squamilaterus Alcock s butdiffering from that species in proportions, smaller head, deeper body,smaller vertical fins, smaller eye, and shorter maxillary.(funebris, funereal, with reference to its black color.)Genus LEPTODERMA VaillantLEPTODERMA RETROPINNA, new speciesFigure 5Depth 10% ; head 44/7 , width 2 1/10 . Snout 3^2 in head, convex, frontend forms little below middle of eye; eye 3y2 , subequal with snout,greatly exceeds bony interorbital ; orbit very large, diameter 2% in
H.W.F.deL
Figure 5.
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Leptoderma retropinna, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99512).head ; maxillary reaches front edge of orbit, length 4 in head ; mouthsmall, but little inclined from horizontal, upper jaw longer and lowerincluded; bony interorbital width 2 in eye, level or little depressed.Gill opening small, inferior.Body scaleless. Lateral line little distinct, axial along side of body.D. 54, fin origin postmedian in fish, fourteenth ray 4% in head;A. 75, fin origin at first % in combined head and body without caudal,fifteenth ray 3y10 in head, and like dorsal confluent with caudal; cau-dal 2%, fin forked; caudal peduncle very narrowly constricted; pec-toral 2%, rays 10; ventral rays i, 5, fin Zy2 m head.Color in alcohol largely blackish, with black line along base ofdorsal and another along anal base. Fins blackish.Greatly like Leptoderma macrops Vaillant 4 and Leptoderma affinis8 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 2, p. 148, 1898 (type locality: Off the Andamans) ;Illustrations of the zoology of H. M. Indian Marine surveying steamer Investigator, pt. 1,Fishes, pi. 25, fig. 4, 1899 (type).*Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol. 103, p. 1239, 1886 (type locality: No locality given,Talisman dredgings).
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Fowler, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 70, pt. 1, p. 193, fig. 82,1936 (compiled).
56 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Alcock, 5 but differs in the more posterior insertion of the dorsal, whichis midway between the pectoral origin and the caudal base.Type.?V.S.'NM. No. 99512. D. 5495. Diuata Point (N.), N. 76?E., 9.4 miles (lat. 9?06'30" N., long. 125?00'20" E.), between Leyteand Mindanao. In 976 fathoms. August 2, 1909. No. 4460. Length147 mm.(retropinna, backward fin.)Family IPNOPIDAEIPNOCEPS, new genusType.?Ipnoceps pristibrachium , new species.Differs from Ipnops chiefly in the uppermost or simple pectoral raywith its upper edge dentated or irregularly serrated. The anal finbase is greatly longer than shown by Giinther and by Goode and Beanfor the Atlantic Ipnops murrayi. The longer pectoral also reachesnearer to level with the dorsal origin in the vertical in Ipnoceps.The luminous superocephalic organ is also broader in Ipnoceps. Thefins, proportions, and scales all differ from those of Ipnops.One species in the western Pacific.Cnn^s, lantern -\-Ke<f>6i\v, head.)IPNOCEPS PRISTIBRACHIUM, new speciesFigure 6Depth liy8 ; head 4*4, width 1%. Snout broadly arched as viewedfrom above ; large luminous cephalic organ broad as long ; maxillaryreaches halfway in head, expansion 7 in head ; mandible iy2 ; mouthbut little inclined from horizontal, with mandible well protruded infront. Gill opening large, well extended forward to about first sixthin head.Scales 47+1 in axial lateral series; 8 transversely below dorsalorigin; 21 predorsal; 3 large scales between origins of ventrals; 4scales transversely on side of caudal peduncle.D. i, 9, i, first branched ray 1*4 m total head length; A. n, 13, i,third ray 2 ; caudal subequal with head, convex behind ; pectoral raysi, 12, fin iy5 in head ; ventral iy8 , rays i, 7.Color in alcohol uniform black. Luminous cephalic organ pearl-white. Pale or light streaks along each side of predorsal squama-tion down to pectoral base.The distinctive characters are contained largely in the genericaccount above.Type.?U.S.XM. No. 99508. D. 5607. Binang Unang Island (E.)S. 36? E., 5 miles (lat. 00?04'00" S., long. 121?36'00" E.), Gulf of
"Catalogue of deep-sea fishes obtained by the Investigator, p. 180, pi. 32, fig. 3, 1899(type).
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES'?FOWLER 57Tomini, Celebes, Dutch East Indies. In 761 fathoms. November18, 1909. No. 1737. Length 158 mm. to end of broken caudal.Paratypes.?U.S.N.M. No. 99509. D. 5606. Dodepo Island (W.)N. 3?W., 10.8 miles (lat. 0?16'28" N., long. 121?33'30" E.), Gulf ofTomini, Celebes, Dutch East Indies. In 834 fathoms. November17, 1909. No. 4086. Length 145 mm. to end of broken caudal.U.S.N.M. No. 99510. D. 5608. Binang Unang Island peak, S. 87?E., 19 miles (lat. 0?08'00" S., long 121?90'00" E.), Gulf of Tomini,Celebes, Dutch East Indies. In 1,089 fathoms. November 18, 1909.No. 3838. Length 128 mm. to end of broken caudal.(irpicxTis, saw-f-/?pax t'ajI'> arm.)
H.W.F.del.
Figure 6.
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Ipnoceps pristibrachium, new species: Type (U. S. N. M. No. 99508).Family SYNGNATHIDAEPARABELONICHTHYS, new genusType.?Parabelonichthys kellersi, new species.Body compressed, with rather feeble cristae or keels, which smoothand on trunk; three auxiliaries along each interval longitudinallyof fundamental cristae; superior cristae of head and trunk discon-tinuous; inferior cristae of trunk and tail discontinuous; mediancristae of trunk and inferior cristae of tail continuous. Tail littlelonger than combined head and trunk. Vent little premedian. Dor-sal begins little before middle between gill opening and vent, rays 57,on 15 rings of which 5 belong to tail. Anal present. Caudal welldeveloped. Pectoral large, with broad base.Related to Belonichthys Peters but differing chiefly in its auxiliarylongitudinal trunk keels.(irapa, near -f- Belonichthys.)
58 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMPARABELONICHTHYS KELLERSI, new speciesFigure 7Depth 15%, 7y5 to vent; head 3%, 7% to caudal base, widthSy2 in head length. Snout 2y2 in head from snout tip ; eye 6%, 2%in snout, subequal with interorbital ? maxillary % of eye ; interorbital7% in head from snout tip, low, depressed. Opercle with feeble, fine,longitudinal striae.Rings 19+ 26, trunk 1% in tail or caudal section of body. Uppertrunk keel not continuous with upper caudal keel, median lateraltrunk keel continuous with lower caudal keel ; median ventral trunkkeel feeble, though distinct to vent. Trunk with auxiliary keel in each3 intervals on side between fundamental keels.TfTT n-i-g-n-mnr
trim,H.W.F.del.Jl-U-J J II. I I I I I I- 1 I t ,'^.n r, ;-, *.*.*-*-> *'Figure 7.
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Parabelonichthys kellersi, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 108466).D. 57, on 10 trunk and 5 caudal rings; A. small, about long as eye;caudal 1% in total head length ; pectoral 3%, rays 15.Color in alcohol brownish, little contrasted. Dark brown longi-tudinal band, narrow, along side of snout, through eye and over post-ocular to gill opening. Fins largely uniform brownish. Caudal withtwo dark longitudinal bands, little divergent backward, and threedark spots marginally on fin above and below.Distinctive characters largely included in the generic account above.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 108466. Jaro River, Panay Island. April3-21, 1929. Lt. H. C. Kellers. Length 118 mm.Paratypes.?U.S.N.M. No. 119443. Iloilo, Panay Island. April 17,1929. Lt. H. C. Kellers. Length 92 mm. to end of broken tail.U.S.N.M. No. 108468. Iloilo, Panay Island. April 19, 1929. Lt.H. C. Kellers. Length 110 to 118 mm., two examples.(Named for Lt. Henry Clay Kellers.)
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES'?FOWLER 59Family SERRANIDAERHOMBOSERRANUS, new genusType.?Rhoml>oserranus gracilis'pinis^ new species.Body elongated, compressed, rhomboid, back little elevated. Caudalpeduncle rather long, well compressed, much longer than deep. Headlarge, well compressed, upper profile little inclined. Snout short, tiplevel with middle of eye. Eye large, advanced in head, not enteringupper profile. Maxillary reaches below eye, free, expanded posteri-orly and without supplemental bone. Preorbital very narrow. Teethin upper jaw very minute, in narrow bands with outer in larger seriessimilar to single row below. Premaxillaries protractile. Interorbitallow, concave, less than eye. Preopercle with denticulated edge, largespine at angle, one above and three below of which front one directedforward. Two divergent opercular spines, lower larger. Lower edgeof subopercle with few denticles. Suprascapula serrated. Gill rakerslanceolate, slender, lower 15. Scales ctenoid, rather large. Cheek,opercles, and occiput scaly, rest of head naked. Small scales on chest,breast, and prepectoral region. Caudal base scaly. Dorsals and analseach with distinct basal scaly sheaths. Lateral line high, arched, con-current with back, scales above in rows parallel with its course, belowin horizontal series. Two dorsals, spinous fin much higher and with 8spines. Anal like soft dorsal and opposite, of three spines, withsecond spine longest. Caudal moderate, little emarginate behind.Paired fins well developed, pectoral low and reaches front of anal andventral with spine and five rays reaching vent. Coloration dull,silvery below.A genus unique in its combination of characters, especially therhomboid contour of the body, rather delicate spinous developmentand the plain coloration.(ponfios, rhomb -\-Serranus.)RHOMBOSERRANUS GRACILISPINIS, new speciesFigure 8Depth 2V2; head 2%, width 2%. Snout 41/4 in head measuredfrom upper jaw tip; eye 3V3, exceeds snout or interorbital, close tobut not entering upper profile of head; maxillary reaches halfwayin eye, expansion 2 in eye, length 2% in head from snout tip;mouth well inclined, lower jaw protruded in front externally anddirected forward; 4 very short spines at front of each premaxillary;interorbital 4% in head measured from snout tip, level to depressedmedianly; preopercle with row of short spines along hind verticaledge, 3 on lower edge and 2 widely divergent spines at angle ; operclewith 2 widely divergent spines, lower longer. Gill rakers 8-rl5,lanceolate, longer than gill filaments or 2 in eye.
60 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMTubular scales 44 in lateral line to caudal base, not continued onlast; 5 scales above to spinous dorsal origin, 4 above to soft dorsalorigin, 14 below to anal origin, about 19 predorsal forward untilopposite hind pupil edge. On head small scales on postocular, pre-dorsal, and cheek, on last in seven transverse rows to angle of pre-opercle keel and scales little larger than on opercle. Spinous dorsalwith basal scaly sheath at each spine and small scales on bases ofall rayed vertical fins and pectoral base. Small scales also on chestand breast, and on inner ventral bases.
mm.H.W.F.del.
Figure 8.
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Rhomboserranus gracilispinis, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99519).D. IX, 10, i, fourth spine 2*4 5 in total length of head, first branchedray 2y3 ; A. Ill, 7, i, second spine 2%, second ray 3 ; caudal iy2 , wellemarginate behind ; least depth of caudal peduncle 3% ; pectoral 1%,rays i, 15; ventral rays I, 5, fin 1% in total head length.Color in alcohol largely uniform brown, little paler below. Irispale to whitish. Soft dorsal, anal, and ventral dark to gray-blackterminally. Inside gill opening and mouth cavity blackish brown.Characters of distinction largely contained in the generic account.Type.?V.S.'NM. No. 99519. D. 5273. Corregidor Light N. 27?E., 27.25 miles (lat. 13?58'45" N., long. 120?21'35" E.), China Sea,vicinity of southern Luzon. In 114 fathoms. July 14, 1908. Length80 mm.Paratopes.?U.S.N.M. No. 99520. D. 5273. Corregidor Light N.27? E., 27.25 miles (lat, 13?58'45" N., long. 120?21'35" E.), China
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 61Sea, vicinity of southern Luzon. In 114 fathoms. July 14, 1908.Length 41 to 61 mm. Six examples.U.S.N.M. No. 99521. D. 5266 [665]. Matoco Point, S. 22? E. 7miles (lat. 13?44'36" N., long. 120?59'15" E.), Verde Islands Passageand Batangas Bay. In 135 fathoms. June 8, 1908. Length 49 to65 mm. Nine examples.(gracile, slender+ spina, spine.)Schistopercinae, new subfamilyType genus.?Schistoperca, new genus.Known chiefly by its striking combination of characters, differingwidely from all the Serranidae in its well divided and separateddorsals, spinescent scales, peculiar armature of the opercles, elongatedpectorals, and long robust caudal peduncle.SCHISTOPERCA, new genusType.?Schistoperca macrobrachium, new species.Body rather oblong-elongate, well compressed. Caudal pedunclelong, compressed, depth but little over half its length. Head moder-ate, well compressed, upper and lower profiles equally oblique andupper little undulated. Snout convex, rounded, broad. Eye moder-ate, advanced in head, close to but not entering upper profile. Max-illary reaches below eye, expansion free posteriorly and withoutsupplemental bone. Premaxillaries protractile. Teeth very minute,in narrow band or row in jaws, not evident on palate. Preorbitalvery narrow. Interorbital low, level, subequal with eye. Preoperclewith few small denticles along hind vertical edge and lower edge en-tire. Upper edge of antero-orbital and postero-orbital rim each withspine. Opercle with 3 backwardly directed spines, lowest largest andextends farther posteriorly. Lower edge of gill opening with 3moderately curved spines, directed down and back. Suprascapulafinely serrated. Gill rakers lanceolate, slender, rather numerous,longer than gill filaments. Scales ctenoid, large, very small on fins.Most of head scaly. Scales little smaller around gill opening below,on chest and breast. Lateral line highly arched, slopes much loweralong side of caudal peduncle. Scale rows horizontal. Two distinctand well separated dorsal fins, second little higher. Anal like softdorsal and opposite, preceded by 3 small slender graduated spines andthird or last longest. Caudal moderate, forked. Pectoral greatlyelongated, reaches beyond anal base. Ventral inserted below pectoralbase, short, with spine and five rays. Coloration uniformly pale.Characters of the genus included above, though the genus espe-cially distinguishable by the greatly elongated pectorals.(o-xiotos , split, or divided, with reference to the dorsals+ Perca.)
62 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMSCHISTOPERCA MACROBRACHIUM, new speciesFigure 9Depth 3y2 ; head 3, width 2. Snout 5% in head measured fromsnout tip; eye 3%, greater than snout, subequal with interorbital,snout tip level with middle of eye; maxillary reaches below first thirdin eye, expansion 2, length 3 in head from snout tip; lips rather broad,fleshy, smooth; mouth well inclined, lower jaw well protruding infront; teeth in jaws barely perceptible, very minute, feeble, incon-spicuous ; interorbital oy5 in head measured from snout tip, moderate,convex ; suborbital very narrow, ensheaths maxillary anteriorly ; pre-opercle with hind edge furnished with row of few spinules. Loweredge of gill opening with 3 short backwardly curved spines. Gillopening large, extends forward below until opposite eye. Gill rakers10+20, slender, lanceolate.
Figure 9.
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Schistoperca macrobrachium, new species: Paratype (U.S.N.M No. 99531).Scales 28+ 2 in lateral line; 3 above to second dorsal origin, 7 belowto anal origin, 14 predorsal forward nearly to front of snout tip.Head well scaled, 2 rows on cheek. Vertical fins well covered withsmall scales over basal portions. Prepectoral region with scalessmaller than on body and pectoral fins covered with small scalesbasally. Flap between ventrals formed of 2 large scales.D. VIII?I, 8, i, fourth spine 2y8 in total head length, firstbranched ray 2; A. Ill, 7, i, third spine 2% ? first branched ray 1%;caudal 1% , moderately forked, with broad pointed lobes and fulcraseries of distinct graduated spines; least depth of caudal peduncle
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 632%; pectoral greatly extended, lower median rays longest, fin 2y10in fish without caudal, rays 12; ventral rays I, 5, fin 2 in total headlength.Color in alcohol largely uniform pale brownish, little paler below.Iris slate. Hind edge of gill opening rather broadly blackish brown.Fins uniformly pale. Inside gill opening and mandibular foldblackish.Characters contained in the generic account above.Type.?U.S.'NM. No. 99489. Tataan Pass, Simulac Island (southend of Basun Channel), Sulu Archipelago, Tawi Tawi Group. Shorecollection. No. 4917. Length 100 mm.Paratopes?U.S.N.M. No. 99531. Tataan Pass, Simulac Island(south end of Basun Channel), Sulu Archipelago, Tawi Tawi Group.Shore collection. No. 4916. February 19, 1908. Length 99 mm.U.S.N.M. No. 99533. D. 5216. Anima Sola Island, N. 44? W., 29.50miles (lat. 12?52' N., long. 123?23'30" E.), between Burias and Luzon.In 215 fathoms. April 22, 1908. No. 2102. Length 95 mm.U.S.N.M. No. 99529. D. 5423. Cagayan Island (S.), S. 11? E.,4.8 miles (lat. 9?38'30" N., long. 121?11' E.), Jolo Sea. In 508fathoms. March 31, 1909. No. 3205. Length 86 mm.U.S.N.M. No. 99532. D. 5296. Matoco Point, S. 63? E., 4.563miles (lat. 13?40'09" N., long. 120?57'45" E.), China Sea, vicinitysouthern Luzon. In 210 fathoms. July 24, 1908. Nos. 2474, 2475.Length 68 to 77 mm. Two examples.U.S.N.M. No. 99530. D. 5624. Makyan Island (S.), N. 67? W.,8.9 miles (lat. 0?12'15" N., long. 127?29'30" E.), between Gillolo andMakyan Islands, Dutch East Indies. In 288 fathoms. November 29,1909. Nos. 4105, 4106. Length 89 to 90 mm. Two examples.(naKpds, long-f-/3paxtcoj', arni) or pectoral.)Family SPARIDAEGenus PENTAPODUS CuvierPENTAPODUS LINEOSCAPULARIS. new speciesFigure 10Depth 3y2 ; head dy2 , width 1%. Snout conic, pointed, tip in frontlevel with lower edge of pupil, length 3% in head; eye 3y2 , subequalwith snout or interorbital, not entering upper profile of head ; maxil-lary reaches opposite front eye edge, length 314 in head ; mouth mod-erate, little inclined from horizontal, jaws equal in front ; teeth uni-serial in jaws, upper lateral uniform and small, lower laterals littleenlarged medially and pair of canines in front of each jaw; interor-bital 3% in head, low, broadly convex. Gill rakers 2+ 6, short, de-
64 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMpressed, flaplike, terminally spinescent, equal % of gill filaments, whichare half of eye.Scales 41 in lateral line to caudal base ; 3 above to first dorsal origin,2 above to second dorsal origin; 15 predorsal scales; four rows oflarge scales over cheek to preopercle ridge, besides row of small onesalong suborbital edge and three rows on preopercle flange. Basalhalf of caudal scaly, also pectoral base scaly.
Figure \Q.?Pentapodus lineoscapularis, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 108465).D. X, 9, i, first spine 4 in head, fourth spine 2%, third ray 1T%; AIII, 6 i, third spine 3%, first ray 2; caudal 1, emarginate behind;'least depth of caudal peduncle 22/5 ; pectoral U/3 , rays 15 ; ventral raysI, 5, fin iy6 in head.Color in alcohol with back pale olive-brown and lower surfacesuniformly pale. Whitish longitudinal band from side of snout in-cluding lower fourth of eye, back over pectoral origin and base ofupper caudal lobe.A species apparently unique in its coloration as a white bandextends from the side of the preorbital, including the lower edge ofthe eye and then back along the middle of the side to the caudalpeduncle. Also a gray white bar or line from the beginning of thelateral line and vertically above the origin of the pectoral; whichhas a blackish spot. 'TiTT^f*MTN0 ' 108465 ' noflo} Panay Island. May 9, 1929.Lit. H. C. Kellers. Length 135 mm.(linea, line+ scapula, scapula.)
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 65Family CIRRHITIDAEGenus CYPRINOCIRRHITES TanakaCYPRINOCIRRHITES STIGMA, new speciesFlGUBK 11Depth 2%; head 2%, width 2TV Snout short, broad, convex,length G 1^ in head measured from snout tip, which is level withlower edge of pupil; eye 3%, greatly exceeds snout or interorbital butnot invading upper profile of head; orbit 2% in head as measuredfrom snout tip; maxillary reaches below front eye edge, expansion2% in eye, length 3% in head from snout tip; teeth minute, simple,in narrow bands in jaws, uniform or without enlarged canines; noteeth evident on palate; interorbital 5y2 , low, broadly convex; hindpreopercle edge well inclined forward, with 14 uniform strong close-set denticles; suborbitals narrow, entire. Gill rakers 4+10, slender,lanceolate, long as gill filaments or longer.
mm.H.W.F.del.
Figure 11.
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Cyprinocirrhites stigma, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99505).Scales 38 in lateral line to caudal base ; 4 scales above to first dorsalorigin, 9 below to anal origin; 14 predorsal forward to front ofsnout; 3 rows of scales on cheek; large scales on opercles. Smallscales on chest, breast, and prepectoral region. Bases of vertical finsall finely scaled, also small scales on pectoral basally.D. XI, 17, i, first spine 4 in total head length, third spine 1% ; A.Ill, 6, i, second spine 2, second ray 2, caudal 2% in rest of fish,
507383?43-
66 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMdeeply forked and each lobe ending in sharp slender point; pectoral2%, rays 9, v; least depth of caudal peduncle 3 in total head length;ventral 1%, rays 1, 5.Color in alcohol brown, becoming whitish on under surfaces. Sixhuge, irregular blackish brown blotches on back and below fourthtwo dark vertical bands. Two dark blotches on trunk along lateralline. Kow of five or six dark blotches along side of tail. Blackishtransverse band at caudal base and another at pectoral base. Smalldark spot on opercle above. Black on first three membranes of spinousdorsal terminally. Fins otherwise pale or light brown.Differs from Cyprinocirrhites ui Tanaka 6 in the larger eye, shortermaxillary, large subterminal black blotch on second and third mem-branes of first dorsal, tip of snout on level with lower edge of pupil,lower edge of preopercle entire, fins all more or less scaly basally,long pectoral reaching over halfway to caudal base and a dark bar oncaudal and pectoral bases. Quite likely the imperfectly describedand figured Cirrhitichthys polyactis Bleeker 7 may belong in Cyprino-cirrhites as it has D. X, 16 or 17 and the caudal ends in a filamentabove and another below. Although its scalation is unknown it differsin proportions, smaller eye, larger maxillary, smaller pectoral anddifferent fins.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99505. D. 5640. Labuan Blanda Island,N. 88? E., 1 mile (lat. 4?27'00" S., long. 122?55'40" E.), Buton Strait,Dutch East Indies. In 24 fathoms. December 13, 1909. No. 22920.Length 62 mm.((TTiyna, blotch.) Family SCORPAENIDAESubfamily SCORPAENINAEGenus SCORPAENA LinnaeusSCORPAENA TAENIOPHRYS, new speciesFigure 12Depth 2i/2 ; head 2y5 , width iy2 . Snout very broad, depressed,front end level with lower eye edge, length 4% in head measuredfrom snout tip; eye 3%, greater than snout or interorbital, closeto but not entering upper profile of head; maxillary reaches belowhind eye edge, expansion 1% in eye, length 2 in head from snouttip; mouth little inclined from horizontal, lower jaw slightly pro-
e Zool. Mas. Tokyo, vol. 29, No. 347, p. 268, 1917 (type locality: Tanabe, Province ofKii) ; Figures and descriptions of the fishes of Japan, ed. 2, p. 507, pi. 137, fig 384 1935(type).; Nat. V.tIi. Kon. Ak.ul. Wetens. Amsterdam (Cirrhit.), vol. 15, p. 16, 1875 (type locality:Amboina) : Atlas irhthyologique des Indes orientales N6erlandaises, vol. 8 p 147 pi 76flg. 1, 1876-77 (type). ' ' '
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLEK 67truding in front; teeth in villiform bands in jaws, also present onpalatines; bony interorbital width 6% in head measured from snouttip, concave. Gill rakers 5+ 10, robust, short, clavate, % long as gillfilaments, which about equal pupil.Pair of small nasal spines; short and low antero-supraorbitalspine up and backward, and 2 broad low and rather large postero-supraorbitals each side, closely set, with finely serrated edges allmore or less directed back ; pair of similar strong nuchal spines closebehind last postero-supraorbital ; parietal and occipital spines formstrong keel, slightly divergent backward with rather deeply concave
H.W.F.del.
Figure 12.
?
Scorpaena taeniophrys, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99522).median depression; row of three broad, short and rather large pre-orbital spines, posterior still little larger and directed down; sub-orbital stay with two very small spines; five spines along hind edgeof preopercle, uppermost extending back from hind edge of subor-bital stay; two very small little-developed postocular spines; twowidely divergent opercular spines; humeral spine broad, obtuse.Scales 37+2 in lateral line; 13 developed tubes form lateral linefollowed by 3 pores and last pore on caudal base; 4 scales abovelateral line to second dorsal origin, 10 below to anal origin. Head,predorsal, and prepectoral region naked. Chest and breast with smallscales. On fins only caudal base scaly. Lateral line complete, slopesobliquely down to caudal peduncle. Long supraorbital flap littlelonger than eye and no other flaps on head or body.
68 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMD. XII, 11, first spine 5V4 in total head length, fifth spine 2%,second ray 2y3 ; A. Ill, 5, third spine 3%, third ray 2yG ; caudall 2/7i convexly rounded behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 3%;pectoral 1^, all 15 rays simple ; ventral rays I, 5, fin 1% in total headlength, spine Sy5 .Color in alcohol brown, variegated with darker on head and body.Three rather conspicuous, irregular, blackish-brown blotches alonglateral line. On lower surface of head, inclusive of maxillary andmandible five dark transverse bands, all much narrower than inter-spaces. Dark band across interorbital and reflected down below eye onsuborbital. Another narrower one connects postero-supraorbitalspines. Fins all largely pale. Spinous dorsal with median longitu-dinal dark band. Soft dorsal with broad submarginal dark band. Analwith two broad dark inclined bands, also several small dark spots onspinous fin. Caudal with broad dark transverse band on outer half offin. Paired fins with dark transverse narrow or waved bands and smallinclined dark blotch on pectoral base.Belongs in the subgenus Osorioia Fowler 8 but differs from its geno-type Scorpaena hemilepidota Fowler in its greatly larger eye, longermaxillary reaching opposite the hind eye edge, moderate scales, nakedpredorsal, more dorsal spines and rays, variegated coloration, and alarge black blotch on first dorsal.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99522. Cammahana Bay, Luzon Island, Phil-ippines. Taken in beach seine. March 11, 1909. Length 27 mm.Paratype.?U.S.N.M. No. 99523. Cammahana Bay, Luzon Island.Taken in beach seine. March 11, 1909. Length 25 mm.(raivia, ribbon -{-6<ppvs, eyebrow, with reference to the large su-praorbital flaps.) Subfamily MinoinaePARAMINOUS, new genusType.?Paraminous quincarinatus, new species.Greatly like Minous Cuvier superficially, though without the longpreopercular spine, much smaller and different preorbital spine, dif-ferent sculpturing on the head, more numerous cutaneous flaps asthose on supraorbital and mandible, shorter body, longer pectoral anddifferent coloration.Minous inermis Alcock 9 apparently belongs in this genus as Para-minous inermis (Alcock) , showing a similar armature, a greatly longerpectoral and a much longer detached pectoral ray, details doubtlessof specific value.(irapa, near+ Minous.)
8 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 85, p. 63, 1938.?Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, vol. 58, pt. 2, p. 299, pi. 22, fig. 4, 1889 (type locality:Bay of Bengal).
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLERPARAMINOUS QUINCARINATUS, new speciesFlGUBE 13 69Depth 3; head 2*4, width iy2 . Snout broad, depressed forwardwith front snout end forming well below level of eye or orbit, lengthto eye (in profile) 2% in head measured from snout tip ; eye 5, 1% insnout, l 3/7 in interorbital, close to but not entering upper profile ofhead; orbit 314 in head measured from upper jaw tip; maxillaryreaches halfway below eye, expansion equals eye, length 2% in headmeasured from snout tip; mouth large, broad, little inclined fromhorizontal, lower jaw slightly protruding in front; teeth in villiformbands in jaws, band above much broader; similar band transversely
H.W.F.deL
Figure'13.?Paraminous quincarinatus, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99515).
across vomer, constricted medially; interorbital 3%, concavely de-pressed. Gill opening large, extends forward opposite middle ofeye. Gill rakers 4+9, clavate, robust, long as gill filaments, whichare % of orbit.Armature of head quite robust, with many ridges finely serrate orrugose and spines broad, low and strong; pair of broad low nasalspines; supraorbital spines little differentiated as antero-preorbitalpair and two close-set postero-supraorbital pairs; nuchal and supra-occipital pairs low, with last better developed; three or four pre-orbitals, last best developed and directed downward; spines on sub-orbital stay irregular and low ; preopercle with five spines, first below
70 BULLETIN" 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
smallest and directed down ; two small rather closely set short oper-cular spines, directed back.Body scaleless. On back small, inconspicuous, scattered, short fila-mentous points. Along lower front edge of mandible uneven fringeof cutaneous filaments, posterior longest.D. IX, 13, first spine Z% in total head length, third ray 2V4 ; A.II, 11, second spine 53/4, eighth ray 2% ; caudal 1%, hind edge con-vexly rounded ; least depth of caudal peduncle 4% ; pectoral IV3, rays1, 11 ; ventral rays I, 5, fin 1% in total head length.Color in alcohol brown, variegated with darker on back, formingtwo broad vertical blotchlike bands below first dorsal and five bandstransversly on second dorsal. Six dark brown bands radiate fromeye. Caudal pale, uniform. Anal dark gray terminally on lowerborder of fin. Pectoral dark terminally and two transverse graybars basally, with lower end of free ray blackish. Ventral darkgray on lower border.A very distinct species and easily distinguished from Minous mono-dactyhis (Schneider) by its armature. Especially characteristic arethe five parallel longitudinal keels within the whole extent of theinterorbital space. Comparison made with two examples of Minousmonodactylus, 114 to 117 mm. long from Kagoshima, Japan (U.S.N.M. No. 71667).Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99515. D. 4930. NE. point Yaku Shima,N. 19? W., 10.7 miles (lat. 30?12'N., long. 130?44'E.), in Colnett orVincennes Strait. In 84 fathoms. August 15, 1906. Length 103 mm.{quintus, five+ carina, keel.)Genus OCOSIA Jordan and StarksOCOSIA GRACILE, new speciesFlGUBE 14Depth 314 ; head 2%, width 1%. Snout long, broad, rather pointedfront end forms well below level of eye, length 1% in head measuredfrom snout tip ; eye 4TV, 1% m snout, greatly exceeds interorbital, highbut not entering upper profile of head ; orbit 3I/5 in head as measuredfrom snout tip ; maxillary reaches below first third of eye. expansion2 in eye, length 2% in head measured from snout tip; mouth large,little inclined from horizontal, lower jaw little protruded in front
;
lips broad, fleshy, smooth; teeth in villiform bands in jaws, upperband little broader; broad bands of villiform teeth on vomer andpalatines; bony interorbital width % of eye or 8% in head as measuredfrom snout tip; preorbital with 2 spines, both directed backward andupper much longer; 4 spines along hind edge of preopercle, upper-most largest. Gill opening large, deeply cleft and extends forwardopposite middle of eye. Gill rakers 3+ 6, rather robust, tuberculiform,barely half long as gill filaments which are 2% in eye.
KEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 71No scales. Skin smooth, entire, without any flaps or filaments.Lateral line complete, high, mostly concurrent with upper profile ofbody.D. XV, 9, edge of spinous fin deeply notched terminally behindeach spine, first spine 6 in total head length, second spine 2y8 , last spine31/3, third ray 2% ; A. 8, first ray 6y5 , fifth ray 2% ; caudal 1%, convexbehind ; least depth of caudal peduncle 5 ; pectoral l 1/?, with 13 simplerays; ventral rays I, 5, rays bifid, fin 1% in total head length.
mm.-H.W.F.del.
Figure 14.
?
Ocosia gracile, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99513).Color in alcohol pale gray above, whitish below. Six large darkgray blotches on back, of which five extend on vertical fins and sixthreflected on upper posterior part of second dorsal. Caudal with darkbasal bar and dark submarginal band concurrent with hind edge.Pectoral with large dark basal blotch, two small spots above andbroad hind submarginal band. Two dark transverse bands on ven-tral. Head with variable dark spots on side.Differs from Ocosia vespa Jordan and Starks 10 in the lower body,lower dorsal, longer maxillary and different coloration.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99513. D. 4903. Ose Saki Light, N. 22?E.,6 miles (lat. 32?31'10" N., long. 128?33'20" E.), 10 to 20 miles SW. ofGoto Islands, Eastern Sea. In 139 fathoms. August 10, 1906.Length 46 mm.Paratype.?U.S.N.M. No. 99514. D. 4903. Ose Saki Light, N. 22?E., 6 miles (lat. 32?31'10" N., long. 128?33'20" E.), 10 to 20 miles SW.i?Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 27, p. 162, fig. IT, 1904 (type locality : Sagami Bay.)
72 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATE? NATIONAL MUSEUM
of Goto Islands, Eastern Sea. In 139 fathoms. August 10, 1906.Length 39 mm.((/racile, slender.)Family OPLICHTHYIDAEACANTHOPLICHTHYS, new genusType.?Acanthoplichthys pectoralis, new species.Body well elongated and depressed, depth less than half of great-est width. Head large, broadly depressed. Snout broad, long,broadly obtuse in front. Eye small, supralateral, median in lengthof head and close to but not invading upper profile. Maxillaryreaches below front of eye. Mouth broad, terminal, closed lowerjaw slightly shorter or included. Teeth, if present, very minute, notevident, and jaws and palate smooth. Interorbital greatly wider thaneye. Gill opening very large, extends forward below eye. Gillrakers small low tubercles, rather few. Skin largely smooth, scale-less. Ridges of head above and edges of suborbital stay spinescent,though all spines on head small and little differentiated. Row ofrather large spines all along lateral line. Two dorsals, well sepa-rated, first small and lower than second. Anal like second dorsal, op-posite, its rays all little longer. Caudal small, rounded convexlybehind. Caudal peduncle small, slender, free. Pectoral greatlyelongated, reaches halfway to hind edge of caudal and lower 3 raysdetached. Ventral short, not reaching anal.Approaches RhinhojMchthys Fowler in the large smooth elongateareas on the head before the eyes and the broad interorbital width. Itdiffers at once in the greatly extended pectorals.(aKavda, spine
+
Hoplichthys, with reference to its spinescentarmature.) ACANTHOPLICHTHYS PECTORALIS, new speciesFigure 15Depth 83/4 ; head 2%, width V/3 . Snout 2% in head ; eye 8, 3y3 insnout, 1% in bony interorbital width; maxillary reaches front eyeedge, length 2% in head; mouth width 2-%, lower jaw shorter thanupper and included when closed; teeth not made out, jaws andpalate smooth; bony interorbital width 5 in head, low, level. Gillrakers 3+ 5, short, low tuberclelike knobs, greatly lower than gillfilaments.Frontal ridges, also parietal, occipital and postocular with rows ofsmall spines or spinules. Two divergent spinescent ridges on opercle.Suborbital stay with spinescent edges and two long spines at angle
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 73
of preopercle. Lateral line with 26 large spines, much larger thanthose on head.D. VI?15, i, third 3% in head, first ray of second fin 3%, lastray 6%; A. 16, i, second ray 3, last ray 6%; caudal 2%, elongate,convex behind ; least depth of caudal peduncle lO1/^ ; pectoral 1, rays11, in ; ventral I, 4, fin 2 in head.Color in alcohol pale to light brown, largely whitish below. Backwith four large dark blotches, all reflected on bases of dorsals.Some dark-gray diffuse spots on head. First dorsal largely grayblack, its upper border whitish. Second dorsal with submarginaldark band. Caudal with two dark basal blotches, one above theother, and hind border of fin blackish. Fins otherwise pale towhitish.
H.W.F.del.
Figure 15.
?
Acanthoplichthys pectoralis, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99503).Greatly suggestive of the Australian Rhinhoplichthys haswelli(McCulloch) and the Hawaiian Rhinhoplichthys platophrys (Gil-bert) but differs from both in the greatly longer pectorals and thefirst dorsal rays.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99503. D. 5440. San Fernando PointLight, N. 82? E.,23.1 miles (lat. 16?33'52" N., long. 119?52'54" E.),west coast of Luzon. In 172 fathoms. May 10, 1909. No. 3547.Length 73 mm.{pectoralis, pectoral, with reference to the greatly developedpectoral fins.)
74 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMFamily PERISTEDIIDAESubfamily PeristediinaeGenus PERISTEDION LacepedePERISTEDION LONGICEPS, new speciesFigure 16Depth 5% in body measured from snout tip inside rostral exten-sions; head 2%, width iy2 . Snout 2 in head; eye 5%, 3 in snout,1% in interorbital ; orbit 5 in head measured from snout tip insiderostral extensions; maxillary length 5%, reaches % in snout lengthas measured to eye ; 3 pairs of barbels, front pair simple and longerposterior pair with several filaments, its length 2 in snout and mandi-bular pair shortest; teeth not evident, edges of jaws smooth; interor-
Figure 16.
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Peristedion longiceps, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99516).bital 4l4/7 in head measured from snout tip inside rostral extensions,broadly concave. Gill rakers 7+22, lanceolate, longer than gill fila-ments or 214 in orbit; several upper gill filaments rudimentary.Pair of very slender, slightly diverging rostral extensions, eachlittle longer than snout, separated by broad interspace with nar-rowest part of contraction much wider than either of extensions;single low, strong, backwardly directed supraorbital spine each side
;
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 75large occipital spine with rather long base each side ; postocular keelends in blunt suprascapular spine; opercle with 2 keels divergingbackward, lower horizontal and longer or long as eye, both ending inshort spine; keel of suborbital stay entire, nearly straight or butlittle undulous; preopercle ends in long strong spine 1% in eye.From above gill opening 30+1 bony lateral plates; 4 rows ofdiminishing spiniferous plates on trunk; spines all large, strong,erect and with surfaces finely rugose or striate; hind pair of plateson belly before vent V/s length of front pair; arc of 5 small scutesfrom over gill opening downward.D. VII?17, first spine 3% in head, fifth ray 3% ; A. 17, fifth ray4; caudal 2^2, convex behind* least depth of caudal peduncle 2*4in eye; pectoral 3% in head, rays i, 10?n, upper detached ray 2 inhead and reaches l 1/^ to anal origin; ventral rays I, 5, fin 2 1/10 inhead.Color in alcohol largely pale or light uniform brownish, palerbelow. Iris pale. Fins immaculate like body.Known among all the representatives of its family by the verylong head, longer than the rest of the body, the armature and thelong pectoral filaments longer than the pectoral fin.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99516. D. 5374. Tayabas Light (outer),N. 9? E., 7.4 miles (lat. 13?46'45" N., long. 121?35'08" E.), Marin-duque Island and vicinity. In 190 fathoms. March 2, 1909. No.24281. Length 195 mm. from end of broken frontal projections tohind end of broken caudal.(longiceps. long head.)ACANTHOSTEDION, new genusType.?Acanthostedion rugosum, new species.Head as seen from above rather elongately hexagonal. Pair ofrather long rostral extensions in form of isosceles triangle, subequalwith or slightly less than snout in length. Eye large, supralateral,in posterior half of head. Maxillary short. Mouth small. Twopairs of rather small barbels, posterior longer branched. Inter-orbital concave. Preopercular spine very long, reaches well pos-terior in pectoral fin or close before anal fin origin, greatly posteriorto end of small opercular spine. Large, though short and strongpostero-supraorbital spine. Pair of very long, inclined, and prom-inent occipital spines, reaching far into first dorsal fin. Dorsal withfive spines, fin subequal in height with second dorsal. Anal oppositeand similar to second dorsal. Caudal slightly emarginate behind.Pectoral moderate, reaches into front of anal, two lower detachedrays subequal in length with upper rays. Ventral longer than pec-toral, reaches anal. Coloration uniform.
76 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMA genus of peristediids known by its greatly developed spines, asfrontal, supraorbital, occipital, opercular and preopercular pairs, be-sides the spiny series on the body and all more or less rugose striate.Also all the barbels small and anterior simple. Very conspicuous anddistinctive are the exceptionally long pair of occipital spines, well-inclined back.(ciKavda, spine -\-aT7]dlov, from Peristedion.)ACANTHOSTEDION RUGOSUM, new speciesFigure 17Depth 5 in body as measured from snout tip inside rostral extensions
;
head 1%, width 1%. Snout 2y2 in head; eye 5, 2 in snout, 1 ininterorbital ; maxillary extends halfway to eye, length 7% in head;mouth width 3%; anterior mandibular barbel 7, posterior 2%,front pair simple; mouth edentulous; interorbital 4%, concavely de-pressed. Gill rakers 8+20?, finely lanceolate, over twice gill filamentsor 2 in eye.
Figure 17.
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Acanthostedion rugosum, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99501).Pair of long isosceles triangular extensions, flat or depressed, moder-ately wide interspace about % to % of basal width of either exten-sion ; large postero-supraorbital spine half of eye diameter in length,its front edge finely serrated; very long, strong, inclined occipitalspine 1+ Ys times eye diameter, extends back to base of last dorsalspine; opercular spine moderate or small, without distinct keel for-
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLEK 77ward ; keel of suborbital stay with undulous and very finely serratededge and ends behind in long extended spine nearly long as eye.Beginning over gill opening 29+1 bony lateral plates; 4 rows of di-minishing spiniferous plates on trunk; spines all quite large, strong,well erected, and surfaces of plates finely rugose ; bones of head all wellstriate on upper surfaces, rugose on cranium and most of bony ridgesof head minutely serrate ; arc of five small and little-developed scutesformed over gill opening and down posteriorly.D. V?16, third spine 3% in head, fifth ray 3%, last ray 7;A. 16, seventh ray 4%; caudal 2%, slightly emarginate behind;least depth of caudal peduncle 16; pectoral 3%, rays n, 11; ventralrays I, 5, fin 2 1/1 in head.Color in alcohol largely uniform pale or light brown, no markings.Characters contained in the generic account.Type?U.S.N.M. No. 99501. D. 5121. Malabrigo Light, N. 14? W.,9 miles (lat. 13?27'20" N., long. 121?17'45" E.), east coast of Mindoro.In 108 fathoms. February 2, 1908. Length 67 mm.Paratype.?U.S.N.M. No. 99502. D. 5121. Malabrigo Light, N.14? W., 9 miles (lat. 13?27'20" N., long. 121 17 ,45 ,, E.), east coast ofMindoro. In 108 fathoms. February 2, 1908. Length 55 to 63 mm.[33.] Seven examples.(rugosum, roughly granular.)Family POMACENTRIDAESubfamily ChrominaeSERRICHROMIS, new genusType.?Dascyllus pomacentroides Kendall and Goldsborough.Body elongately ovoid, back little elevated. Head moderate, deep,compressed. Snout short, broad, blunt. Eye large, supralateral.Mouth cleft short, terminal, with lower jaw slightly protruded andsnout tip level with lower edge of pupil. Lips narrow, entire. Teethin jaws firmly erect, conic, pointed, strong, outer row little enlargedand also strong inner irregular band of one to three variable rows,outer row extending well down along lower edge of maxillary ; belowinner small teeth best developed in front part of jaws. Maxillaryreaches eye. Preorbital and infraorbitals narrow, only edge of for-mer free as mouth opens and edges nowhere with serrae. Preoper-cular edge serrate around angle. Interorbital convex. Gill rakersabout 10+20, finely lanceolate, slender, slightly shorter than gill fila-ments, which are y2 of eye. Scales moderate, on head without basalauxiliaries and very compact over head, on snout extending forwardto its front edge and covering mandible. Tiers of scales extend upover membranes of spinous dorsal and all soft vertical fins well and
78 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMfinely scaled basally. Ventral with pointed axillary scale halflength of fin spine. Lateral line with long exposed simple tubes inupper section. First dorsal lower than second, with 12 spines andedge of each membrane notched, rays 11. Anal with 2 spines and 11rays. Caudal emarginate. Pectoral shorter than ventral.Though the genotype was originally included in Dascyllus it haslittle in common with the Dascyllinae. It seems to me more closelyrelated to the various genera of the Chrominae, and is especially dis-tinguished by its serrated preopercle, strong dentition and combina-tion with other characters.(serra, saw+ Chromis.)SERRICHROMIS POMACENTROIDES (Kendall and Goldsborough)Dascyllus pomacentroides Kendall and Goldsborough, Mem. Mus. Conip. Zool.,vol. 26, p. 298, pi. 5, fig. 1, 1911 (type locality: Taritari, Gilbert Islands).Pomacentrus pomacentroides Fowler, Mem. B. P. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 315,1928 (type).The type (U.S.N.M. No. 65812) examined.LEPICEPHALOCHROMIS, new genusType.?Chromis cupreus Fowler and Bean.Teeth with main row of large simple conic ones in each jaw; in-side a band of irregular small ones, one to three transverse seriesfor almost whole of upper jaw and in lower jaw. similar band onlyanteriorly. Head with many small scales around eye on chin, alongedge of preopercle flange, lower inner edges of head forming gillopening and at bases of all of scales on top of head. Each tube oflateral line well exposed, with several very short anal tubes orbranches both above and below. Gill rakers 9+ 25, lanceolate, littleshorter than gill filaments, which are % of eye. Preorbital edge notfree. Preopercle edge well free, distinct and entire. Pectoral axildark brown.Apparently related to Chromis in its largely uniform coloration,without the blue spots of Helioses, though agreeing with the latterin the possession of 13 dorsal spines. It also appears to be distin-guished by the small scales on the cheek in 8 rows, besides the verysmall and crowded scales elsewhere on the head.(Xeiris, scale -\-Kecj>a.\r), head -\- Chromis.)LEPICEPHALOCHROMIS CUPREUS (Fowler and Bean)Figure 18Chromis cupreus Fowler and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. G3, p. 22, 1923(type locality: Fiji or Samoa).
?
Fowler, Mem. B. P. Bishop Mus., vol 10,p. 309, 1928 (type) ; Proc. Amer. Pliilos. Soc, vol. 82, No. 5, p. 784, 1940 (type).The type (U.S.N.M. No. 83108) examined.
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES FOWLER 79
H. W. F. del.
Figure 18.?Lepicephalochromis cupreus (Fowler and Bean): Type (U.S.N.M. No. 83108).
H.W.F.deL
Figure 19.
?
Calliurichihys linea-thorax, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 995041
80 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMFamily CALLIONYMIDAEGenus CALLIURICHTHYS Jordan and FowlerCALLIURICHTHYS LINEA-THORAX, new speciesFigure 19Depth 6%; head 4, width 1. Snout 2*4 in head; eye 3%, 1% insnout; maxillary not quite reaching to eye, entire, length (in profile)3 in head ; orbit 2%, separated from its fellow only by narrow bonyridge; mouth cleft short, lower jaw very slightly shorter and includedin upper jaw; lips narrow, smooth, entire; teeth fine, minute, villi-form, in narrow bands in both jaws. Preopercular spine long asorbit, ends in backwardly directed point and along inner edge rowof about a dozen very fine uniform denticles and small subbasaldenticle in front pointing forward.Lateral line complete, high along side of back, simple, connectingintersection on predorsal before first dorsal and two intersectionsrather closely set on caudal peduncle posteriorly a little before caudalbase.D. IV?9, i, first spine 2Vj$ in fish without caudal, third spineSy2 , first ray of second dorsal fin 1% in head, last ray 1; A. 8, 1,first ray 2^, last ray l 1/^; least depth of caudal peduncle 4%;caudal fin nearly long as rest of fish; pectoral 3% in fish withoutcaudal, rays 1, 18; ventral rays I, 5, fin length 3 in fish withoutcaudal.Color in alcohol light brown to pale mauve above, marked withvery numerous and variable dark rings, arcs, and spots. About 10rather large dark brown blotches along each side of back above. Allunder surfaces of body largely white. On head above many darkrings, closely set and variable. On head below large black blotch,more or less triangular on throat or chest, and on each side extendedup on prepectoral region many or numerous dark brown parallellines, separated by narrow pale to whitish lines. First dorsal largelyblackish with numerous more or less longitudinal parallel white lineson first half of fin and fusing or giving place to greatly fewer onlast half of fin. Second dorsal with four dark longitudinal streaks,most distinct or darker on fin rays. Anal pale, with broad blackishsubmarginal band. Caudal with 10 dark blotches on upper half offin and broader intervals with dark circles and arcs; lower half offin with edge of each ray terminally dark. Pectoral pale. Ventralwhitish, with five transverse dark bars.Known by its very distinctive coloration, the branchiostegal andprepectoral region with many parallel close-set longitudinal bands,
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 81separated on chest and throat by a large blackish triangular blotch.First dorsal with first and third spines ending in short filamentsand fin crossed by numerous parallel white lines. The caudal longas rest of fish. Preopercular spine with seven antrorse spinules alongits upper edge, besides the terminal point and subbasal spine directedforward. This species approaches Calliurichthys japonicus (Hout-tuyn) as described and figured by Jordan and Fowler, though differ-ing markedly in its coloration of the thorax and first dorsal.Apparently resembles 'Calliurichthys gardineri (Regan) n differingchiefly in coloration, especially the more lined thorax and throat.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99504. D. 5174. Jolo Light, E. 2.60 miles(lat. 6?03'45" N., long. 120?57' E.), vicinity of Jolo. March 5, 1908.In 20 fathoms. No. 1813 [403] . Length 115 mm.(linea, line+ thorax.)Genus SYNCHIROPUS GillSYNCHIROPUS DELANDI. new speciesFigure 20Depth 5I/3 ; head 314, wide as long. Snout 4% (in profile) to gillopening; eye 3%, exceeds snout, greater than interorbital ; orbit 2^in head ; maxillary reaches below front of eye, length 3% in head togill opening, entire; mouth cleft reaches about % in snout, lower jawlittle shorter than upper; teeth in villiform bands in jaws, none onpalate; bony interorbital moderately narrow, width 1% in eye, low;preopercle spine slightly less than eye, curved, ends in slender up-curved spine and rather large forward curved denticle on inner upperedge ; no basal spinule in front.Lateral line complete, high at first, falls median along side ofcaudal peduncle.D. IV?8, 1, first spine iy15 in head, first ray 1; A. 7, 1, first ray3%, last ray 1%; least depth of caudal peduncle 4%; pectoral 1^ 5 ,rays 1, 22; ventral rays I, 5, fin 3% in fish without caudal; caudal 1%,lower rays longest.Color in alcohol pale brown above, paler to whitish below. About5 large gray brown blotches on back, mostly wider than paler inter-spaces and all more or less with rather large arcs or rings of darker.All along lower half of side of body parallel dark or gray bars.Head variegated with diffuse brown blotches above. First dorsalwith five slightly darker brown blotches along first spine. Seconddorsal pale, with two white longitudinal bands and upper anterior
11 Callionymus gardineri Regan, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 248, pi. 30,fig. 5, 1908 (type locality : Cargados Carajos, Indian Ocean).
82 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMedge of fin narrowly black. Anal pale, with broad dark submarginalband. Caudal with five inclined, narrow, whitish bars along upperrays, hind edge of fin dark all around besides dark semitransversebasal band. Paired fins pale, dark blotch at upper base of pectoral.Differs from Synchiropus pallidus in having the end of the pre-opercle spine upturned or vertical, the second dorsal with threehorizontal white stripes and the female with a dark blotch on thethird membrane of first dorsal.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99524. D. 5589. Mabul Island (NW.), N.3? W., 2.8 miles (lat. 4?12'10" N., long. 118?38'08" E.), Sibuko Bay,Borneo and vicinity. In 260 fathoms. September 29, 1909. No.1959. Length 189 mm.
H. W. F. del.
Figure 20.
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Synchiropus delandi, new species: Type (U.S.N.M.No. 99524).Paratypes?U.S.N.M. No. 99525. D. 5516. Point Tagolo Light(Mindanao), S. 80? W., 9.7 miles (lat, 8?46' N., long. 123?32'30" E.),northern Mindanao and vicinity. In 175 fathoms. August 9, 1909.No. 1610. Length 148 mm.U.S.N.M. No. 99526. D. 5518. Point Tagolo Light, S. 64? W.,8.7 miles (lat. 8?48' N., long 123?31' E.), northern Mindanao andvicinity. In 200 fathoms. August 9, 1909. No. 1960. Length170 mm.U.S.N.M. No. 99527. No data. No. 2511. Length 130 mm.(Named for the late Dr. Judson de Land, of Philadelphia, towhom I am indebted for American fishes.)
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES FOWLER 83Family CHAMPSODONTIDAEGenus CHAMPSODON GuntherCHAMPSODON CURTIPES, new speciesFigure 21Depth 4% ; head 3, width 2. Snout Sy2 in head measured from snouttip, which is level with middle of eye; eye 5%, 1% in snout, 1TV ininterobital; maxillary reaches behind eye space about equal to V3 ofeye diameter, expansion iy8 in eye, length iy2 in head measured fromsnout tip; mouth well oblique, lower jaw well protruded in front andwith conic point directed forward at symphysis; teeth in narrowband above, with inner larger row of fangs, depressible inward;two rows of teeth below, inner long fangs and depressible ; cluster offew teeth, depressible, variable, each side of vomer; on top of headtwo bony keels forming wide set pair as prefrontal, frontal, parietal
Figure 21.
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Champsodon curtipes, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99506).and occipital, last diverging to distinct suprascapular spine ; edge ofgill opening with elements of preopercle, subopercle, and interopercleforming marginal series of short equidistant denticles; preoperclewith bent or crooked spine at angle, length iy5 in eye and three for-ward-directed spines along its lower edge ; preorbital with three diver-gent short spines, first directed forward, median downward and lastbackward; two short postocular ridges. Gill rakers 1+ 11, lanceolate,subequal with gill filaments or 2 in eye.Scales all very small, irregular, closely set. On cranium, trunk,and tail transverse series of distinct lines of small scales, separated,about 30 such lines above, and on each side of body intersected by 2
84 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMparallel well-spaced lateral lines. On head row of large scales closeabove and along upper edge of maxillary, besides vertical row on pre-opercle flange. Maxillary and side of mandible very minutely scaled.Belly and sides of abdomen naked and on breast four close-set finelyscaly areas. Of fins only caudal basally covered with small scales.D. IV?I, 20, i, second spine &y2 in total head length, second ray2 ; A. 1, 17, i, spine 4!/?, second ray 2% ; least depth of caudal peduncle5y8 ; caudal iy2 , deeply forked, lobes sharply pointed ; pectoral 2%,rays 12 ; ventral rays I, 5, fin iy2 , reaches 1% to anal.Color in alcohol brown above, paler to whitish below. Fins allpale or uniform brownish.Apparently very closely related to Champsodon arafurensisBegan,12 though that species would differ at once in having the
"ventrals a little shorter than the head, extending to the origin ofthe anal," in specimens 50 to 75 mm. long. In all my specimens theventrals fall well short of the anal in the larger ones and not evenreaching opposite to them in the smallest. Regan has stated hisChampsodon arafurensis "seems to be nearest to the one figured byAlcock 13 and may be the same." If this is true Alcock's figure wouldfurther differ from my material in showing the posterior end ortip of the preopercular spine falling well forward of the origin ofthe ventral fin. In all my specimens it distinctly extends until op-posite it.Type.?U.S.~NM. No. 99506. D. 5396. Panalangan Point, Tala-jit Island, S. 78? E., 4.5 miles (lat. 11?57' N., long. 124?12'24" E.),between Samar and Masbate. In 137 fathoms. March 15, 1909.Length 133 mm. Female with ova.Paratypes.?U.S.'NM. No. 99507. D. 5396 (same data as above).Length 5S to 130 mm. Sixteen specimens. Males with upper %of dorsal black and the fin uniformly pale in female. End of eachcaudal lobe dark brown, also upper border of second dorsal. Supra-orbital cirrus present.Additional specimens.?One example. D. 5557. Cabalian Point,N. 70? W., 5.2 miles (lat. 5?51'30" N., long. 121?01W E.), JoloIsland and vicinity. In 13 fathoms. September 18, 1909. Length35 mm.Two examples. D. 5193. Chocolate Island, N. 77? E., 8 miles(lat. 11?16'45" N., long. 123?55'45" E.), off northern Cebu Island,in 71 fathoms. April 3, 1908. Length 37 to 53 mm.One example. D. 5098. Corregidor Light, N. 21? E., 4.30 miles(lat. 14?80'40" N., long. 120?32'40" E.), China Sea off southernLuzon. In 38 fathoms. January 2, 1908. Length 70 mm.
12 Trans. Linn. Soc. London, ser. 2, vol. 12, pt. 2, p. 245, 1908 (type locality : ArafuraSea ; Ki Islands ; 129 fathoms).13 Champsodon vorax Alcock, Illustrations of the zoology of H. M. S. Investigator, Fishes,pi. 28, 1899.
NEW* PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 85Seven examples. D. 5100. Corregidor Light, N. 16? E., 5.70miles (lat. 14?17'15" N., long. 120?32'40" E.), China Sea off south-ern Luzon. In 35 fathoms. January 2, 1908. Length 61 to 78 mm.Three examples. D. 5454. Legaspi Light, S. 64? W., 5.7 miles(lat. 13?12' N., long. 123?50'30" E.) east coast of Luzon. In 153fathoms. June 7, 1909. Length 45 to 54 mm.One example. D. 5183. Lusaran Light, S. 29? E., 4 miles (lat.10?32'48" N., long. 122?26' E.), between Panay and Negros. In 96fathoms. March 30, 1908. Length 38 mm.One example. D. 5644. Makasser Island (E.), N. 4? E., 1.3 miles(lat. 5?27'24" S., long. 122?38'00" E.), Buton Strait, Dutch East In-dies. In 22 fathoms. December 16, 1909. No. 22931. Length60 mm.One example. D. 5278. Malavatiian Island (N.), S. 23? E., 8.50miles (lat. 14?00'10" N., long. 120?17'15" E.), China Sea vicinityof southern Luzon. In 102 fathoms. July 17, 1908. No. 10022.Length 58 mm.Four examples. D. 5369. Tayabas Light (outer), No. 50? W.,8.8 miles (lat, 13?48' N., long. 121?43' E.), Marinduque Island andvicinity. In 106 fathoms. February 24, 1909. Length 56 to 104mm.Nineteen examples. D. 5376. Tayabas Light (outer), N. 53? W.,18.7 miles (lat. 13?42'50" N., long. 121?51'30" E.), MarinduqueIsland and vicinity. In 90 fathoms. March 2, 1909. Length 43 to90 mm.One example. D. 5391. Tobig Point (Destacada Island), N. 31?E., 3 miles (lat. 12?13'15" N., long. 124?05'03" E.), between Samarand Masbate. In 118 fathoms. March 13, 1909. Length 36 mm.One example. D. 5257. Utara Point, Bongo Island, N. 88? W.,7.70 miles (lat. 7?22/12// N., long. 124?12'15" E.), southern Mindanao,eastern Illana Bay. In 28 fathoms. May 22, 1908. Length 65 mm.{curtus, short + pes, foot, with reference to the ventral fins.)Family TRICHINOTIDAESubfamily KraemerinaeGOBITRICHINOTUS, new genusType.?Gohitrichinotus radiocularis, new species.Body elongate, slender, compressed, with tail little tapering. Headelongate, iy2 in trunk, attenuated, wider than deep at occiput. Snoutshort, depressed. Eye very small, near first fourth in head, closely set
86 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMto one another and superior. Mouth large, superior. Maxillary ex-tends below eye. Mandible large, well protruded forward, with fleshyend in front. Two pairs of nostrils anteriorly on snout. Interorbi-tal very narrow. Gill opening very low, rather small. No scales.Myomeres distinct. Two dorsals. Origin of first dorsal opposite de-pressed pectoral and ventral tips, of five spines. Second dorsal originmidway between depressed pectoral tip and anal origin, which lastlittle nearer gill opening than caudal base. Caudal small. Pairedfins small, with ventral little larger than pectoral. Several dark linesradiate down and back from eye.Related to Kraemeria Steindachner but differing chiefly in itsgreatly longer trunk which is but little shorter than the tail, longerpectoral, and more variegated coloration.( Gobius+ Trichinotus.)GOBITRICHINOTUS RADIOCULARIS, new speciesFlGUKE 22Depth 12V? ; head 414, width 2%. Snout 4% in head measured fromsnout tip; eye 4% in snout, slightly greater than interorbital, smalland superior ; maxillary oblique, extends down and little beyond eye,length 3% in head measured from snout tip; teeth minute, conic,simple, apparently uniserial in jaws; tongue with slender mediannotch in front ; interorbital level. Gill opening extends forward notquite halfway in head.
H.W.F.del.Figure 22.
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Gobitrichinotus radiocularis, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99549).Skin smooth, scaleless. Myomeres 11 + 13.D. V?18, height of either fin less than greatest body depth and lastray like last anal ray connected with caudal peduncle by low mem-brane ; A. I, 13, last ray opposite last dorsal ray ; least depth of caudal
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLER 87peduncle 4% in total head length; pectoral 3, rays 9; ventral I, 5, finsjoined, length 2% in total head length.Color in alcohol brown, limit of each myomere slightly darkened.On top of head dark bar down from eye to hind part of maxillary, andtwo others radiate back from hind part of each eye, expanding back-ward. Uppermost of each band in hind part of its expansion withtwo pale or whitish spots, one above the other and below and beforemedian large pale occipital blotch. Dark diffuse shade on free partof caudal peduncle. Caudal with about six obscure transverse mediandark parallel bars. Fins otherwise all uniformly pale.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99549. Malabang River, southern Mindanao.Caught by hand. May 21, 1908. Length 32 mm.Paratope.?U.S.N.M. No. 99550. Same data as type. Length 21mm.Characters largely in the generic account above.{radium, ray+ ocularis, of the eye, with reference to the markings.)Family PTEROPSARIDAEROXASELLA, new genusType.?Roxasella fusiforme., new species.Body subcylindrical, elongately ovoid in lateral contour, with longtapering tail. Caudal peduncle short, free, compressed. Head at-tenuated, depressed. Snout long, pointed, depressed, Eye small,superior, enters upper profile of head. Maxillary long, extends backwell below eye. Mouth moderate, lower jaw the shorter. Teeth verysmall, in jaws and on palate.Interorbital narrow bony frenum. Scales large, cycloid. Headlargely scaled, muzzle naked. Lateral line present, complete, tubeslarge and simple. Two dorsals, well separated, first fin small with13 graduated spines. Second dorsal long, little higher in front.Anal little longer than second dorsal, with notched edge. Caudalsmall, shorter than head. Pectoral moderate, reaches into front ofanal. Ventrals small, widely set, inserted close behind preopercle.Known chiefly by its small first dorsal, subequal jaws or the lowershorter, the small wide-set ventrals, and the large scales.(Named for Hilario A. Roxas, in appreciation of his work in Phil-ippine ichthyology.)ROXASELLA FUSIFORME, new speciesFigure 23Depth 8i/2 ; head 3y3 , width 2i/5 . Snout 3% in head; eye 7%, V/8in snout; maxillary reaches below hind eye edge, length 2% in head;mouth little inclined from horizontal, lower jaw little shorter as
88 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
closed; teeth minute, in narrow bands in jaws, above cluster eachside in front followed by narrow band or line on each palatine ; bonyinterorbital narrow frenum, its width 2% in eye. Gill opening ex-
mm.H.W.F.del.
Figure 23.
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Roxasella fusiforme, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99517).tends forward halfway in head. Gill rakers not developed, merelyas several groups of low minute asperities.Scales 29+1 in lateral line; 2 above, 4 below, 15 predorsal forwardto ej7es; 9 postocular scales on head; row of 12 median scales beforeventrals to isthmus. Head scaly, except muzzle and narrow medianbranchial space. Except for basal row of caudal scales fins scale-less. Lateral line axial along side of body.D. Ill?16, first spine 3% in head, third ray 214, last ray 414;A. 24, first ray 5, seventh ray 34/?, last ray 6; least depth of caudalpeduncle 5%; caudal 11/2, hind edge convex; pectoral iy2 , rays 15;ventral I, 5, fin SVq in head.Color in alcohol pale brown, above variegated with three dark longi-tudinal streaks on body as 2 above lateral line and 1 below. Alsothree longitudinal streaks on each side of head. Iris grayish. Finspale. First dorsal with 2 or 3 brown spots on each spine. Second dor-sal with same on each ray. Caudal with 4 dark transverse bands.Distinctions embodied in the generic account above.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99517. Aparri, Luzon. November 19, 1908.Length 63 mm.Paratype.?U.S.N.M. No. 99518. Aparri, Luzon. November 19,1908. Length 44 mm.(fusiformis, fusiform or spindlelike.)
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES?FOWLEiR 89Family ZOARCIDAEGenus LYCENCHELYS GillLYCENCHELYS SPILOTUS, new speciesFlGUKE 24.Depth 11 2/5; head 6, width 2 7/8. Snout 5 1/5 in head, convex,front end or tip falling slightly below level of lower eye edge ; eye 3 4/7,greater than snout or interorbital, entering upper profile of head;mouth low, little inclined from horizontal and jaws even; maxillaryreaches halfway in eye, length 3 in head; interorbital narrow, width4 in eye, concave. Gill opening subvertical, length 3 1/6 in head.Scales present only on trunk and tail, on front of back along baseof dorsal fin and median strip on belly naked, also head. Fins scale-less.
""l,'i';"i'. ,''' '.?'"'..'^^;^JS^^^^^^H.W.F.deL
Figure 24.
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Lycenchelys spilotus, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 99511).Dorsal rays about 70, fin height 4 1/8, fin origin close behind heador nearly over pectoral; anal rays about 64, fin height 4%; caudallength 5 2/3 ; pectoral 1 2/3, rays 17 ; ventral length 3 3/4.Color in alcohol light brown, variegated with 16 dark brown quad-rate blotches axially along side of body, each giving 2 dark lines aboveto dorsal base in interval opposite dark quadrate blotch dark bar ; ontail each quadrate blotch gives off pair of dark vertical bars or blotchesbelow which are reflected on base of anal fin. Dark blotch on pre-dorsal close before dorsal origin. On head several dark bars on occi-put, 1 on postocular, another from lower hind eye edge down overcheek. Two dark bars on opercle. Under surface of head and trunkwhitish.
90 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUMApproaches Lycenchelys poecilimon Jordan and Fowler14 appearingto differ in proportions, much smaller and shorter mouth, larger eye,apparently fewer dorsal and anal rays and the coloration.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 99511. D. 4817. Niigata Light, S. 29? E.,18 miles (lat. 38?12' N., long. 138?52' E.). In 61 fathoms. July 18,1906. Length 70 mm.((nriXwTos, spotted.)Family MONACANTHIDAEGenus STEPHANOLEPIS GillSTEPHANOLEPIS RETROSPINIS, new speciesFigure 25Depth 1%; head 3, width 2%. Snout V/s in head, tip in frontwell below level of eye or opposite upper part of gill opening; eye2% in head, 2 in snout, slightly greater than interorbital ; mouthsmall, terminal; teeth little exposed, front pair in each jaw largest;interorbital 3% in head, convex. Gill opening 1% in eye.
H.W.F.deL
Figure 25.
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Stephanolepis retrospinis, new species: Type (U.S.N.M. No. 108467).Skin rough velvety. No armature on caudal peduncle or on side oftail. Pelvic flap little developed, with feeble slender spines. Pelvicspine hinged, hind section freely movable, edges spinescent allaround.w Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 25, p. 748, fig. 2, 1903 (type locality: Off Kuikwazan inMatsushima Bay, Japan).
NEW PHILIPPINE FISHES FOWLER 91D. I?25, spine 1*4 in head, reaches second dorsal when depressed,with row of 5 recurved large spinules each side and directed down-ward, second dorsal height 2% in head; A. 28, fin height 4%; leastdepth of caudal peduncle 2% ; caudal l^i, convex behind ; pectoral 2,rays 10.Color in alcohol brown, little paler below eye and on under surfaceof body. On body below second dorsal base three diffuse dark grayblotches and 2 along base of anal. Iris gray white. Fins all paleto whitish.Type.?U.S.N.M. No. 108467. Cebu Island, Philippines. April 24,1929. Lt. H. C. Kellers. Length 51 mm.Closely resembles Stephanolepis cryptodon as described by Herre 15especially in its dorsal spine, which is said to have on either side ofposterior part a row of six or eight feebly developed downward-pointing prickles. In my specimen they are not feeble and they arewell developed denticles or spinules. Moreover the coloration is quitedifferent from that shown in Bleeker's figure of Paramonacanthuscryptodon.16(retro, turned h&ck+ spina, spine, with reference to the large denti-cles on the dorsal spine.)w Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 25, No. 4, p. 455, 1924 (Balayan Bay, Batangas ; specimen56 mm long).18 Atlas ichthyologique des Indes orientales Neerlandaises, vol. 5, p. 131, pi. (11) 225, fig.1, 1865 (Celebes ; Amboina ; based on two specimens, 84 to 88 mm).o