CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES COLLECTED FOR THEUNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM FROM 1899 TO 1902.By Leonhard Stejneger,Head Curator, Department of Biology, United States National Muaeuin.
Shortly after the war with Spain for the liberation of Cuba severalmembers of the staff of the United States National Museum visitedthe island for the purpose of making collections of natural historyspecimens.The principal expedition was that of Messrs. William Palmer andJ. H. Riley, who collected in western Cuba, between Matanzas andPinar del Rio, from February 14 to August 7, 1900, including a stayat Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines, from June 27 to July 11, The mostimportant reptile collections were made at Pinar del Rio and in alocality called El Guama, about 6 miles northwest of the city of Pinardel Rio from February 18 to March 29; at San Diego de los Banos,from April 4 to 24; at Guanajay and Mariel, April 27 to May 15, andat Cabanas May 15 to June 4. The locality El Guamd has becomevery important as the type-locality of the as yet unique Bufo longi-nasus. Mr. Palmer describes it as a smaU store situated in a pleasantvalley in the coffee and tobacco belt, surrounded by precipitous hiUs,those to the north being covered with pines. Between these hills thestony beds of mountain streams, nearly dry except for scatteredpools of water at the time of his visit, made their way toward thesouth. In one of these rocky beds near the pine woods the precioustype of that minute toad was captured.About the same time Dr. C. W. Richmond and myself who hadspent several months collecting in Porto Rico, stopped on our returna few days (Apr. 22 to 24, 1900), at Santiago de Cuba. The visit wasunexpected and all our collecting paraphernalia were packed away.Dr. H. B. Parker, the resident port surgeon, very kindly supphed uswith some formalin, so that we were able to preserve a number ofspecimens which we collected in one of the valleys close to town.I made very careful color notes on the fresh specimens, which areincorporated verbatim in the present report.Mr. B. S. Bowdish, of Demarest, New Jersey, was employed by theUnited States National Museum for a short time in the latter part of1901 and the beginning of 1902. He collected in the eastern part ofthe island, principally at Guam^ and in the immediate vicinity ofProceedings U. S. National Museum. Vol. 53-2205. 259
260 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.Santiago de Cuba. Guama is a mining camp near the coast, about40 miles due west from Santiago de Cuba. He describes the regionas a very wild one, with no habitations in the immediate vicinity savethose connected with the camp. The mines are some 5 miles backfrom the coast on precipitous hills and the camp was situated justbelow them,Mr. WiUiam Palmer in the latter half of January and the firsthalf of February, 1902, again visited Cuba, this time the eastern end.The reptiles collectedwere obtained mostlyat Baracoa and at SanLuis and El Cobre, notfar from Santiago deCuba,While stationed atMatanzas in 1899 Mr.J, W, Daniel, jr,, made asmall collection of rep-tiles, which he after-wards presented to theUnited States NationalMuseum. While notextensive, it was never-theless a very interest-ing lot, since it con-tained species not ob-tained by any of theother parties and here-tofore represented inthe Museum by unsatis-factory material only ornot at aU.I have to thank Dr.Thomas Barbour for examining and verifyingthe identification of thevarious species of Anolisand Eleutherodacttjlus, of which he has made a special study, as well asfor data relating to the specimens of Arrhyton in the Museum ofComparative Zoology. His various writings on West Indian batra-chians and reptiles, particularly his Contribution to the Zoogeographyof the West Indies, with especial reference to Amphibians and Rep-tiles* and The Reptiles and Amphibians of the Isle of Pines ^ havebeen of the utmost assistance.
Figs. 1-2.?BuFo PELTOCEPHALUS. Nat. SIZE. No. 28024, U.S.N.
M
NuEVA Gerona, Isle or Pines.
1 Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 44, No. 2, 1914. = Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, pp. 297-308.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGEli. 261AMPHIBIA.SALIENTIA.BUFO LONGINASUS Stejneger.This diminutive and beautiful toad was the most importantdiscovery of the Palmer and Riley expedition. A single specimenwas captured by Mr. Palmer at dusk on March 9, 1900. It wassitting on a rock in a mountain stream near El Guam^, Pinar del Rio,and no other specimen was seen. Doctor Barbour, who searched forit at the same place some years later without rediscovering it, hassuggested that its habits, as indicated by the extensively webbedhind feet, may be quite aquatic, which may account for it being sodifficult to find. It was described in the Proceedings of the UnitedStates National Museum.^BUFO PELTOCEPHALUS Tschudl.Figs. 1 to 2.Judging from the number brought home by Palmer and Riley, thislarge toad must be quite common. Numerous specimens werecollected in July at Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines, and others at El Guama,Pinar del Rio, in March, and at Guanajay in May. Palmer, in 1902,sent in additional specimens from El Cobre, captured in Februaiy.Two views are given of the head of a specimen from the Isle ofPines. I can discover no difference between the toads from thisisland and the main island of Cuba.
Figs. 3-7.?Eleutheeodactylus RicoEDn. 3 X nat. size. No. 27415, U.S.N.M. Pinar del Rio.ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RICORDII DumSril and Bibron.Figs. 3 to 7.Only two specimens were secured?one adult. No. 27414, fromEl Guama, and a younger one. No. 27415, from Pinar del Rio, bothin March, 1900.Although differing somewhat, the two specimens apparently be-long to the same species.
1 Vol. 28, June 24, 1915, p. 765, flgs, 1-6.
262 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AURICULATUS (Cope).Three specimens from vSan Diego de los Banos, by Palmer andRiley, and one from Baracoa. The former thus confirm the occur-rence of this species in western Cuba. The type came from easternCuba. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUNEATUS (Cope).Figs, 8 to 12.A large number of specimens were collected in 1900 at El Guamdand at San Diego dc los Bancs in March and April. Adult and young
9 11FlOS. &-12.?ELEUTHER0DACTTLU3 CUNEATUS. 2 X NAT. SIZE. NO. 26854, U.S.N.M. SAN DIEGODE LOS BAf}03.were also taken by Palmer at Baracoa in January, 1902. They havebeen compared with the cotypes in the Museum (U.S.N.M. No. 5202)which were col-lected in easternCuba by Dr. C.Wright.ELEUTHERODACTYLUSDIMIDIATUS (Cope).Figs. 13 to 17.The species isrecorded here, asMr. Bowdish, inDecember, 19 01,obtained a speci-men at Guam&,No. 29767.
Figs. 13-17.?Eleutherodacttlus dimidutus. 2 X nat. size.EASTERN Cuba. No. 29767, U.S.N.M.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 263ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VARIANS (Gondlach and Peters).Figs. 18 to 22.Five specimens from El Guamfi,, San Diego de los Bafios, andMariel, were collected by Palmer and Riley.
19 21Figs. 18-22.?Eleuthbeodactylus varians. 3 X nat. size. No. 27417, U.S.N.M. El OcamA, PujarDEL Rio.HYLA SEPTENTRIONALIS Bonlenger.Figs. 23 to 26.Of this common species Palmer and Riley brought home a largenumber of specimens from most of the localities visited, Habana,
23 24 25 26Figs. 23-28.?Hyla septentrionalis. % x nat. size. No. 27425, U.S.N.M. Pinab del Rio.Pinar del Rio, San Diego de los Bafios, Guanajay, Cabanas, Marianao,as well as from the lsl(^ of Pinos.
264 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.53.Doctor Richmond and myself found it at Santiago de Cuba onApril 22, 1900. A specimen (No. 26794 U.S.N.M., collector's No.9073) was caught, regarding which I made the following notes atthe time: Iris brassy; a dark grayish hne from nostrils through eye(pupil) to over and behind tympanum. When caught, the wholeanimal was nearly uniform whitish, although sitting on a green leaf;when taken out of the bag in which it was brought to the laboratoryit was very pale drab above with faint indications of dusky markingson the back and limbs. REPTILIA.SAURIA.GONATODES FUSCUS (Hallowell).It is with but slight hesitation that I record the Cuban gecko ofthis genus under the above name,* and I can not accept Gonatodesalhogularis at the present time as the correct name. Gonatodes albo-gularis was based upon specimens from Martinique,^ and althoughthey were said to have been collected by Plee, there appears to beno reason to doubt the authenticity of the locality, since no suchgecko occurs in Porto Rico. But if the types came from Martinique,the chances are that they agree more nearly with one of the SouthAmerican forms, especially as Boulenger has recorded Gonatodes vit-tatus from the Island of Dominica. If this surmise is correct, theCuban gecko must take the name of the Central American form. Itis true that the name Gymnodadylus maculatus ^ has been applied tospecimens doubtfully alleged to have come from Cuba, but I havehad the good fortune to examine the type-specimen in the Museumin Vienna and found it to agree exactly with specimens from Caracas,and I have no hesitation in asserting that the Cuban locality iserroneous; it is probably a female G. vittatus.I have also been able to examine the type of Gonatodes notatus *in the Museum at Copenhagen. It is registered as No. 18, and wascollected' by Lieut. H. Koch at Acquin, Haiti. For comparison Ihad specimen No. 14, collected in Cuba by Captain Andrea andrecorded by Reinhardt as Gonatodes alhogularis. The difference
i Stenodactylus fuscus Hallowell, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (n. s.), vol. 3, 1855, p. 33 (type-locality, Nicaragua).s Gymnodactylus alhogularis Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. G6n., vol. 3, 1835, p. 415 (type-locality, Marti-nique); Dum(5ril, Cat. M6th Kept. Mus. Paris, vol. 1, 1S51, p. 43.3 Steindachner, Novara Exp., Zool., vol. 1, Kept., 1867, p. 18, pi. 1, fig. 4 (tJT)e-locality unknown).* Gonatodes notatus Reinhardt and Liitken, Vid. Medd. Naturh. For. (Copenhagen) 1863 (d. 280); sepa-rate, p. 128 (type-locality, Acquin, Haiti).
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGER. 265between the two is not one of coloration only, but the Haitian speci-men has decidedly larger scales than the Cuban. This observationI also had occasion to verify in the Museum at Vienna on two speci-mens from Gonaives, Haiti, so that I have no doubt that the nameGonatodes notatus can not be applied to the Cuban form. TheseHaitian specimens, moreover, had the lateral black band of G. alho-gularis. The Cuban form consequently differs both from notatus andfrom true alhogularis and vittatus in the smaller abdominal and sub-femoral scales. The coloration appears also quite characteristic,especially that of the old males. I have before me a color sketch byMr. J. H. Riley, made in 1900 from a living specimen taken in Habana.The male is of a bluish black with head and neck of bright ochra-ceous 3^ellow. There is a distinct sky-blue narrow line on the labialsunder the eye, a small spot of the same color above the ear, anda crimson spot on the side of the neck on the yellow where it joinsthe black body-color. Unfortunately the bright colors of the livinganimal fade in alcohol, and I know of no good color description ofof typical Gonatodes fiiscus taken from living specimens, but we havespecimens from Nicaragua in alcohol, for instance. No. 19646, amale collected by Dr. C. W. Richmond at Greytown, Nicaragua, onFebruary 12, 1892, which both in color and scutellation exactlymatch Mr. Riley's Habana specimens as they now appear in alcohol.I can not throw much light on the question of the identity ofG. alhogularis and G. vittatus. The United States National Museumhas numerous specimens from Curasao which, from the large sub-femoral scales and the characteristic coloration, I have no hesitationin identifying as G. alhogularis; that is, the males have the broaddark blue band on the side of the neck, uniform grayish back andwhite throat. There are also two typical G. vittatus from Venezuela.^I am unable to appreciate any marked difference in scutellation orproportions, but the coloration is certainly very different in both sexes.What puzzles me is that Boulenger refers a male from Curasao toG. vittatus.^ He afterwards expressed the opinion that G. vittatus isonly a "variety" of G. alhogularis.Barbour, in his Contribution to the Zoogeography of the WestIndies (p. 256), hints at the possibility of this species having beenintroduced fortuitously into Cuba. It is true that most specimensrecorded have been from Habana and Santiago, but Barbour men-tions a couple of occurrences from other localities, and Palmer andRiley collected fom* specimens at Mariel.
? Stejneper, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, 1901, p. 181.? Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1885, p. 60.
266 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 63.TARENTOLA CUBANA Gnndlach and Peters.Figs. 27 to 29.A single specimen of this rare species was taken by Bowdish atGuamd, on January 6, 1902. Unfortunately it was very muchdamaged (No. 29777 U.S.N.M.).
27 29IG8. 27-29.?TABENTOLA CUBANA. 2 X NAT. SIZE. No. 29777, U.8.N.M. , GuamA, easteenICuba.SPHAERODACTYLUS ELEGANS MacLeay.In 1834 MacLeay named a Cuban gecko SpTiaeriodactylus elegans.^It was revived for the present species by Reinhardt and Liitkenm 1863.Palmer and Riley collected this species at Pinar del Rio, Febru-ary 23, at Mariel, June 10, and in Habana July 28, 1900. Theyalso obtained a specimen at Nueva Gerona, on the Isle of Pines, onJuly 11. SPHAERODACTYLUS CINEREUS MacLeay.Figa. 30 to 34.This species was also first briefly characterized by Mr. MacLeay ^as SpTiaeriodactylus dnereus from Cuban specimens without moredefinite locality. Cocteau's employment of the name did not takeplace mitil late in 1837, probably in December, when it appeared inthe second "livraison" of de la Sagra's Histoire Physique, Politique
> Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1834, p. 12; Trans. Zool. Sec. London, vol. 1, p. 193.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEOER. 267et Naturelle de I'lle de Cuba on plate 18. The text was not pub-lished until the following year.
-SPHAERODACTYLUS CINEREUS. 2J X NAT. SIZE. NO. 27390, U.S.N.M. PINAB DEL RiO.?34, 8 X NAT. SIZE. LEPIDOSIS OF MIDDLE OF BACK. SAME SPECIMEN.Numerous specimens were collected by Palmer and Riley invarious localities, namely, at Pinar del Rio, Mariel, and Habana.SPHAERODACTYLUS NOTATUS Balrd.Palmer and Riley did not obtain this species, but Bowdish col-lected one at Guamfi, on January 2, 1902.HEMIDACTYLUS MABOUIA (Moreau de Jonn6s).Two specimens were collected by Palmer and RUey on May 9,1900, at Mariel. One of these specimens has been described in detailand figured in my Herpetology of Porto Rico.^ According to Cocte?uthis species is widely distributed in Cuba.CUAMAELEOLIS CHAMAELEONIDES (Dnmeril and Bibron).Figa. 35 to 38.Of this large and grotesque lizard, so different from allthe other anoles, Palmer and Riley collected a number ofspecimens at Santiago de Vegas and San Diego de los
36Figs. 35-36. -Chamaeleolis chamaeleonides. i x nat. size. No. 27.502, U.S.N.M. San Diego deLOS BaSOS.?37 REPRESENTS THE SIDE OF THE TAIL AT ABOUT THE FIFTH VERTICIL, IJ X NAT. SIZE;38, THE LEPIDOSIS OF THE SIDE OP BACK, ? X NAT. SIZE.Baflos. Palmer collected another specimen at Baracoa in 1902. Re-cently the United States National Museum lias received specimens
1 Rep. U. S. Nat. Mm., 1902 (1904), p. 699, flgs. 40-44.
268 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.collected by Dr. Paul Bartsch and Mr. J. B. Henderson at Cabanas,La Mulata, and Cape San Antonio.DEIROPTYX VERMICULATA (Dumgril and Bibron).Figs. 39 to 41.This large anolis is so isolated and unrelated not only to the otherspecies in Cuba, but to all known species of the whole anoline sub-family, that its recogni-tion as a separate generictype is justly called for.The most obvious struc-tural character which ismiique in the group is theabsence of a dewlap andthe presence of a trans-verse throat fold.Palmer and Riley, whocollected numerous speci-mens at San Diego de losBanos and at El Guama,Pinar del Rio, corrobor-ate Doctor Gundlach'sobservation that this species takes to the water when pursued orwounded, ANOLIS EQUESTRIS Merrem.Figs. 42 to 45.Four adult specimens were collected by Palmer and Riley at ElGuama, Pinar del Rio, at San Diego de los Banos, and at Guanajay.Bowdish obtained one at Guama the following year.
41Figs. 39^0.?Deiroptertx VERMICULATA. Nat. size. No. 27335,U.S.N.M. El GuAM.i, Pinar del Rio.?41. Side of tail ofSAME AT ABOUT THE FIFTH VERTICIL. 2J X NAT. SIZE.
FIGS. 42-43.-ANGUS EQUESTRIS. ? X NAT. SIZE. NO. 27504, U.S.N.M. SAN DiEGO DE LOS BaSOS.-ii REPRESENTS SIDE OF TAIL AT ABOUT THE FIFTH VERTICIL.?15, PART OF DORSAL CREST AND LEPI-BOSIS IJNAT. size; SAME INDIVIDUAL.ANOLIS HOMOLECHIS (Cope).Figs. 46 to 48.This species was originally described by Cope as Xipliosurus Jiomo-lecUs,^ from a specimen in British Museum, the habitat of which was
1 Proc. Acad. Nat. Hist., Philadelphia, 1864, p. 169,
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGFAi. 269unknown beyond the fact that it was from some island in the WestIndies. When Boiilenger, in 1885, pubhshed the second volume ofhis Catalogue of Lizards the specimen was still unique and the par-ticular island to which it belongs unknown. However, in 1892 Miiller,of Basel, recorded it from Cuba,* and since then it has been foundthere by nearly all collectors ; thus, by Doctor Richmond and myselfin 1900 at Santiago de Cuba, in eastern Cuba, and by Palmer andRiley in the western part. Thc}^ brought home numerous specimensfrom San Diego de los Banos, where it must have been very common,and also from El Guamd, Caimito, Mariol,as vrell as from Nuevo Gcrona, Isle ofPines. It is quite remark-able that this rather con-spicuous species escapedthe attention of DoctorGundlach.At Santiago de Cuba onApril 23, 1900, 1 took thefollowmg color notes from.a specimen collected byDoctor Richmond (No.26770 U.S.N.M., collec-tor's. No. 9074): Irisblackish -brown; edge ofeyeUds bright yeUow ; gen-eral color above Isabellacolored with a wash ofcinnamon, especially on the fl .nks ; a series of faintly indicated narrowdusky chevron marks with t!ie points turned backward on the medianUne of the back; on sacrum a larger, irregular, dusky mark on eachside; on the sides of back and flanks numerous vertical rows of smallpale dots more or less margined with dusky ; a faint narrow pale linefrom above shoulder to insertion of hind limb; suboculars whitish;tail with the merest indication of dusky crossbars ; throat and fore-neck white, the sides of throat with several series of darkish grayspots ; rest of underside dehcate straw-yellow, gradually merging intothe white of the foreneck and the cinnamon of the flanks ; undersideof limbs with minute gray dots; a line composed of blackish dotsalong posterior edge of forclimb and outer edge of tibia; a series ofyellow dusky-margined ocelli on posterior edge of femur; dewlappale pearl-gray with distant white scales and slightly thickened ante-rior edge of white scales; tongue flesh colored; a low l)ut long nuchalfold and a low dorsal fold; on the tail a pretty high crest of thoA. cristatellus order, but the end of the tail seems to be prehensile to
Figs. 46-47.?Anolis homoi.echis. 2 X nat. size. No. 2B770,U.S.N.M. Santiago de Cuba.?48 represents .''ide ofTAIL .AT about THE FIFTH VERTICIL, 4 X NAT. SIZE, OF SAMEindividual.
' Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel, vol. 10, pt. 1, p. 2n.
270 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.some extent, inasmuch as the specimen which was held captive fora little while occasionally rolled the tip of the tail up under himmuch after the fashion of a true chameleon. The specimen beforeit was caught was of a nearly uniform rich dark brown.ANGUS LUCIUS DamSrU and Bibron.Three specimens were collected by Palmer and Riley at Matanzason February 14, 1900. ANOLIS ARGENTEOLUS Cope.Figs. 49 to 51.Four specimens collected by myself on April 22, 1914, near Santiagoin the eastern part of the island, shortly after Mr. Palmer obtainedthe Matanzas specimens of A.lucius, afforded a chance fordirect comparison of these twospecies which Boulenger hadunited.^ The differences aremany and the separation fullyjustified, as already set forth byDoctor Barbour.2A specimen (No. 26777 U.S.N.M., collector's No. 9071) col-lected by myseK was colored asfollows : Ground color above paleecru-drab with faint dusky mark-ings and a series of white spots,ill defined but more or less margined with dusky down the median lineof the back; tail cross-banded witli pale dusky; supralabials and sub-ocular white; underside white, waxy, almost translucent, the throatwith narrow gray divergent lines which disappear on the neck ; dewlapwhitish with series of rather close-set white scales; tongue white.Several smaller individuals, with scarcely a dewlap, resemble thespecimen described, but the whole belly is decidedly primrose-yellow,not white as the rest of the under surface. Found principally ontrunks of trees with pale-colored bark.Additional specimens were collected by Palmer in 1902 at El Cobreand San Luis. ANOLIS SAGREI Dutneril and Bibron.Figs. 52 to 54.Large series of this common species were secured by all the parties.A mere enumeration of the locaUties will be sufficient : San Diego delos Banos ; Santiago de Cuba ; El Guamd, Pinar del Rio ; Quemadas
;
Matanzas; Pinar del Rio; Guanajay; Caimito; Mariel; Cabanas;Habana; San Luis; El Cobre; andNuevoGeronaon the Isle of Pines.
Figs. 49-50.- -Anolis argenteolxjs. 2 X nat. size.No. 26777, U.S.N.M. Santiago de Cuba ?51 rep-resents THE LEPIDOSIS OF THE SIDE OF TAIL ATABOUT THE FIFTH VERTICIL, 4 X NAT. SIZE, FROMSAME INDIVIDUAL.
iCat. Liz. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, 1885, p. 45. ? Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 44, No. 2, March, 1914, p. 285.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 271
Figs. 52-53.?Anolis sagbei. ^ X nat. size. No. 26771,U.S.N'.M. Santiago de Cuba.?54 represents side ofTAIL at about the FIFTH VERTICIL, FROM SAME INDIVIDTJAL.f>)4 X NAT. SIZE.
The following color note on the living specimen was taken by meat Santiago do Cuba April 22, 1900 (No. 26771, U.S.N.M., collector'sNo. 9072) : Ground color above drab more or less washed with rusty,with indication of cinnamon colored median dorsal band and duskycross markings on eitherside; tail closely cross-barred with dusky ; under-side whitish with pale in-dications of gray stripeson side of neck; dewlapintense scarlet vermillion,the anterior edge thick-ened with scales which,like the distant scales onthe pouch, are straw-yellow; on back and neckerectile folds as in Anoliscristatellus. This speciesvaries greatly in color, theground being often eithermuch grayer or browner than in the individual described, and themarkings darker and more distinct. In many individuals themedian dorsal cinnamon band is also brighter and more distinctlydefined.Anolis sagrei is found on the ground and on fence posts, and ismuch more wary and shy than the other two species, porcatus andhomolecJiis. With its erectile crests and color, it reminds one of A.cristatellus, but it is much shyer.ANOLIS LOYSIANA (Coctean).The original description of this species is usually quoted as occur-ring in Compte Rendu des Seances de I'Academie des Sciences(Paris)', but as a matter of fact the name does not occur there.It is found, however, in L'lnstitut,^ where the species is properlydiagnosed and named Acantholis loysiana. Cocteau's paper, of whichonly an abstract is printed, was presented at the meeting of theRoyal Academy two days before.A number of specimens of this peculiar species were collectedby Palmer and Riley at San Diego de los Banos April 16 and 17, 1900.ANOLIS ALUTACEUS Cope.On the main island only taken at San Diego de los Bafios byPalmer and Riley in April. Two others were also collected by themat Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines, as previously recorded by Barbour.
> Vol. 3, 183C, p. 22f..? Sec. 1, vol. 4, Aug. 31, 1836, p. 287. 3 Ann. Camegle Mus., vol. 10, 1910, p. 302.
272 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.ANOLIS ANGUSTICEPS Hallowell.Specimens of this interesting species, the proper name of which hasonly recently been available, thanks to Doctor Barbour's researches,were collected by Palmer and Riley at Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines,on June 5, 1900. ANOLIS MESTREI Barbour.Of this recently described species ^ Palmer and Riley collectedfour specimens?three at San Diego de los Banos and one at ElGuama near Pinar del Rio, the latter according to Mr. Palmer'snotes, near top of mountain.ANGUS PORCATIS Gray.Figs. 55 to 57.A common species. The large series collected at San Diego delos Banos helped to confirm its specific distinctness from A. caro-linensis of the southernUnited States. Palmerand Riley collected italso at Pinar del Rio,Guanajay, Caimito, Ca-banas, and Habana, aswell as on the Isle ofPines. Dr. C. W. Rich-mond and I met with itat Santiago de Cuba,and Mr. Bowdish col-lected it there and atGuama.Among my notestaken at the time I findthe following color de-scription of the specimen collected (No. 26776, U.S.N.M., collec-tor's No. 9069): Above brilliant emerald green changing almostto raw sienna when shot; underside white washed with "pale blue",underside of tail with greenish; dewlap light purple with distinctwhite scales (no black postocular or transauricular patch) . A some-what smaller individual at the same time had the dewlap of thesame color and also the same general green body color, but downthe middle of the back it had a well-marked, narrowly dusky-edgedclay-colored band.
FlG3. 65-56.?ANOLIS POECATUS. IJ^ X NAT. SIZE. NO. 26776,U.S.N.il. Santiago pe Cuba.?57 eepresents side of tailAT about fifth VERTICIL OF SAME INDmDUAL, 2?-^ X NAT.SIZE.
' Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 29, Tan. 25, 191G, p. 19.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 273
NAT. SIZE.DEL Rio.?60 REPRESENTS SIDE OF TAIL,AT ABOUT THE FIFTH VERTICIL, OF SAMEINDIVIDUAL. 4 X NAT. SIZE.
NOROPS OPHIOLEPIS (Cope).Figs. 58 to 60.A good series was obtained by Palmer and Riley at San Diego delos Banos and Pinar del Rio.CYCLURA CYCLURA (Cuvier).Palmer and Riley were very fortunatein obtaining several fine adults of thisspecies on the Isle of Pines.LEIOCEPHALUS CARINATUS Gray.Figs. 61 to 62.This species was collected by Bowdishand by myself at Santiago de Cuba and *"'??? 58-59.- norops ophiolepis. 2 x1 T-? 1 1 -r.-! . -nT ? 1 /-I 1 No. 273G7, U.S.N.M. Penabby Palmer and Kiley at Mariel, Cabanas,and Marianao as well as on the Isle ofPines at Nueva Gerona.The colors of a freshly killed specimen at Santiago de Cuba (No.26767 U.S.N.M., collector's No. 9077) are as foUows: Above darkbrownish graywith nar-row irregular bands ofisabeUa color; headuniform dark; tailcross-barred; undersidewhitish with obliquegray bands on throatand indistinct graycross bands on belly togroin; a black blotchbehind eye and two ob-lique blackish bands onside of neck.LEIOCEPHALUS CUBENSIS(Gray).Figs. 63 to 65.The name L. vittatus(Hallowoll, 1856) bywhich this species isgenerally known is 16years younger than Iropidurus (Leiolaemus) cuhensis Gray, ^ given toa male specimen collected by W. S. MacLeay in Cuba.
Fig. ei.?LEIOCEPHALUS carinatus. 2 X nat. SIZE. No. 26768,U.S.N.M. Santiago de Cuba.?62 represents a head lengthOP SCALES ON THE MIDDLE OF BACK OF THE SAME INDIVIDUAL.4 X NAT. SIZE.
77408- 1 Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, Apr. 1840, p. 110.rroc. X. M. vol. .53?17 18
274 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. O.S.Boulenger ^ makes Leiocejyhalus raviceps Cope a synonym of thisspecies. I have the types of Cope's species (No. 4162 U.S.N.M.)collected by Charles Wright in "Eastern Cuba" before me and canaffirm that L. ravice'ps is a very distinct species and that the twohave absolutely nothing to do with each other. In fact, they belongto different sections of the genus. Thus L. cuhensis has three pairsof prefrontals (exclusive of intemasals) while L. raviceps has only
Figs. 63-64.?Leiocephalus cubensis. 2 X nat. size. No. 27375, U.S.N.M. Pinar del Rio.?65.REPRESENTS A HEAD LENGTH OF SCALES ON THE MIDDLE OF BACK OF THE SAME INDIVIDUAL. 4 X NATSIZE.two, the posterior pair being exceedingly large. Moreover, Lraviceps is distinguished by much smaller scales, about 20 corre-sponding to a head length against about 12 in L. cuhensis. It isrelated to L. loxogrammus, but not to L. cuhensis.The latter is widely distributed and was collected by Palmer andRiley at San Diego de los Banos, at Pinar del Rio, El Guam^,Caimito,Marianao, and on the Isle of Pines at Nueva Gerona. Also byPalmer in 1902 at Moro.LEIOCEPHALUS MACROPUS Cope.Figs. 66 to 67.According to the old label in the bottle containing the types ofthis species in the United States National Museum, they came fromMonte Verde in Eastern Cuba. The species seems to be confinedto that portion of the island, as it was not collected by Palmer and
? Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, 1885, p. 163.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 275Riley. It was found by Doctor *Richinond and myself at Santiagode Cuba in 1900, and Palmer, in 1902, coUected it at San Luis andBaracoa.The colors of a specimen coUected at Santiago de Cuba(No. 26769, U.S.N.M., collector's No. 9078) are as fol-lows: Upper side vinaceus cinnamon with a copperygloss; head more cinnamon; tail with blackish cross-bars narrowly edged with white posteri-orly ; from nostrils through eye along sidesof neck and body to above and behind in-sertion of hind leg a broad blackish-brownband narrowly edged with pale above andbelow; upper labials, suboculars, and lowertemporals to ear white; below whitish;throat and fore neck with numerous graydots; lower labials dusky.CELESTUS DE LA SAGRA (Cocteau).Figs. 68 to 70. Fig. 66.
?
Leiocephalus macroptjs.2 X NAT. SIZE. No. 26769, U.S.N.M.Santiago DE Cuba.?67 representsA HEAD LENGTH OF SCALES ON MID-DLE OF BACK OF SAME INDIVIDUAL,4 X NAT. SIZE.The portion of de la Sagra's great workon Cuba, which treated of the lizards was pubhshed before the endof the year 1838. On the other hand, the fifth volume of Dum6riland Bibron's ErpetologieG6nerale did not appearuntil late in 1839 (the
"Avertissement" is datedOct. 1, 1839), and Coc-teau's name for this spe-cies has a year's priorityover their emendation ofit.Only one specimen ofthis slippery species wasbrought home by Palmerand Riley. It was takenat Cabanas, on May 15,1900. The museum,about the same time obtained a specimen from Mr. J. W. Daniel, jr.,collected at Matanzas. AMEIVA AUBERI Cocteau.Figs. 71 to 76.This species is usually described as having the gular scales uniformand minutely granular. This is also the condition in a large number
Figs. 68-70.?Celestus de la sagka. 2 x nat. size.U.S.N.M. CabaSas. No. 27647,
276 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.of specimens. However, in most "of them there is a tendency to aslight enlargement of the median granules and in quite a few thereis a well-pronounced median patch, as shown, for instance, in No.27370 (fig. 76). This feature in several of our specimens, coupledwith the difference in the relation of the first pair of chin-shields asshown in figures 73 and 76, and certain color differences which I
Figs. 71-75.?Ameiva AUBEEi. 2Xnat. size. No. 26765, U.S.N.M. Santiago de Cuba.?76 theoatOF ANOTHEB SPECIMEN, 1? X NAT. SIZE. NO. 27370; EL GUAMA, PINAR DEL RiO.noted, at one time induced me to believe that there might be twospecies of Ameiva in Cuba. Upon closer examination, however, itappears that no line can be drawn and that we have to do with aconsiderable degree of individual variation only.Specimens collected by myself at Santiago de Cuba, Apiil 23, 1900,were much more brilliantly colored than Cocteau's plate 6.* Amale (No. 26765 U.S.N.M., collector's No. 9075) had top of head anda broad stripe on each side of the middle of the back tawny olive,the limbs above of the same color with blackish-brown marbMngs;from the interparietal to the base of the tail on the median fine ofthe back a strongly defined whitish line wliich is shghtly washed "vsithgreenish anteriorly and bluish on the sacrum, where it is gradually
? Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, vol. 4.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGER. 277widening; on each side of the tawny olive dorsal band a narrow clay-colored line beginning at the posterior superciharies and ending aboveinsertion of hind legs; a similar line beginning at the posterior cornerof eye over upper edge of ear to hind limb; between those hnes abroad brownish-black band, which, however, is tawney olive likethe dorsal band in front of the anterior legs; flanks above pale tawnvolive dappled %vith pale dots, below colored like the underside andsimilarly dotted; tip of snout, chin and labials pale Indian red, under-side whitish, bell}^ strongly washed with turquoise blue becomingdarker on tail toward the end; throat and foreneck inky black;tail clear turquoise blue in continuation of the median dorsal stripe;the dorsal tawney olive band and the lateral brownish-black bandcontinue on each side of the tail as a dusky stripe tapering off anddisappearing about the middle of the tail and bordered below by asimilarly tapering and disappearing pure white stripe beginning atthe posterior insertion of the femur and basally margined below bydusky; iris dark brown with an outer pale brown ring.Another specimen (No. 26766, U.S.N.M., collector's No. 9076),same date and locality, was exactly like the above except that theunderside of the body instead of being washed with bluish was suf-fused with flesh color, and the inky throat spot was absent.CADEA BLANOIDES Stejneger.Figs. 77 to 80.This is the species usually known as AmpJiishaena 'punctata Bell,1828, a name preoccupied by Prince Max von Wied four years
78 79 80Cauea blanoideh. 2 X nat. size. No. 27845, U.S.N.M. San Diego de los BaSos.
earlier for a Brazilian species. Finding, moreover, that Gray wascorrect in considering the Cuban species as the type of a distinct genus,I changed the name to C'adea hlanoldes}Palmer and liiley secured specimens at San Diego de los Banosand at Guanajay. AMPHISBAENA CUBANA Peters.Figs. 81 to 84.Unhke the foregoing species, this one is closely allied to othersinhabiting Haiti, Porto llico, the Virgin Islands, and eastern South
I Proc. Biol. Soo. Washington, vol. 29, Apr. 4, 1916, p. 85.
278 PROCEEDINGS OB' THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.America, and the chief difference from these is the unique and curiousfusion of the ocular shield with. the second supralabial, a characterwhich not only holds good in the types and the two specimens here
Figs. 81-84.?Amphisbaena cubana. 4 x nat. size. No. 26364, U.S.N.M. Matanzas.recorded, but also in 26 specimens from near Oienfuegos collectedby and reported on by Doctor Barbour.'Two specimens were collected by Mr. J. W. Daniel, jr., at Matanzason February 10, 1899, and presented to the United States NationalMuseum. SERPENTES.EPICRATES ANGULIFER Bibron.Figs. 85 to 87.Epicrates striatus, of Haiti, differs from E. angulifer, of Cuba,normally and most conspicuously by the absence of a complete ring
85Figs. 85-80. Epicrates angulifer. ? x nai. size. No. 27498, U.S.N.M. San Diego de lobBaSos.?87. Same species, 5 x nat. size. No. 10416, U.S.N.M. Cuba.
of scales around the eye, tw'o labials as a rule touching the eye.Usually it has only one scale intercalated betw^een the supralabials
1 Mem. Mus. Comp. Z06I., vol. 44, No. 2, March, 1914, p. 317.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEOER. 279and the loreal while E. angulifer, as a rule, has two. Moreover, inthe latter species three suboculars touch the eye.None of these conditions, however, are without exceptions. Thusa true E. striatus figured by Jan ' has two scales between loreal andlabials, and one of our specimens of E. angulifer, the one here figured(fig. 87), has only one; but in the former the labials touch the eye,and in the latter they are excluded by three suboculars. On thestrength of a young specimen in the Hamburg Museum, DoctorZenneck ^ would unite the two species because it has two subocularsshutting out the labials from the eye. This specimen (HamburgMus., No. 1410a) I have been able to examine, thanks to DoctorPfeffer's kindness. I can affirm that it is only a slightly abnormalE. striatus. The suboculare are very narrow and only two in number,and there is only one intercalated shield between loreal and labials.The characters distinguishing E. striatus and E. angulifer are notlimited to the above, however, for E. angulifer has a marked depres-sion on the upper portion of the supralabials behind the eyes; theoccipital and temporal shields as well as those on the snout are larger;and there are also differences in the color pattern.Palmer and Riley collected specimens at San Diego de los Banosand at Guanajay. TROProOPHIS MELANURA (Schlegel).One specimen was collected at El Guamfi,, Pinar del Rio, onMarch 26, 1900, by Palmer and Riley, and another by Bowdish onJanuary 11, 1902, atGuama,I am inclined to regard TropidopMs hucculenta (Cope), fromNavassa Island, as belonging near T. melanura rather than to T. macu-lata, though forming a distinct species. I have examined the typematerial (No. 12377, U.S.N.M.) and find the scale formulas of thethree specimens to be as follows;Scale rows.
280 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. TOU 53.
of this truth has been made above in the case of the Cuban andHaitian species of Epicrates, and I believe that the same holds goodto some extent in the case of the Cuban TropidopMs maculatus (Bib-ron) and the Haitian T. liaetianus (Cope) . The museum has recentlyreceived two specimens of the latter collected by Dr. A. Busck in SanFrancisco Mountain, Santo Domingo (Nos. 35979, 35980). Theyboth have 27 scale rows and lack interparietals. They thus mate-rially strengthen the position taken by me in my paper on the Bahamareptiles (in Shattuck, The Bahama Islands, 1905, p. 336).TROPIDOPraS PARDALIS (Gundlach).Figs. 88 to 92.This species is easily characterized by the low number of ventrals.In the Cuban specimens in the United States National Museum they
91F:gs. 88-90.?Tkopidophis pardalis. 21 X nat. size. No. 27392, U.S.N.M. El GuiraA, Pinar delRio.?91-92, same species. IJ X nat. size. No. 26360, U.S.N.M. Matanzas.?90 represents theCOLOR pattern AND SHAPE OF TAIL AaEWED FROM THE SIDE.?91 SHOWS THE COLOR PATTERN ACROSSTHE MIDDLE OF THE BODY.?92 SHOWS THE CROSS SECTION OF THE BODY AT THE MIDDLE.vary between 142 and 158, caudals between 24 and 30, scale rowsbetween 21 and 25. The character of the vertebral row of scales is avery uncertain one in these snakes and apparently of no fundamentalimportance. In one of the specimens collected by Palmer and Rileyat San Diego de los Banos (No. 27849, U.S.N.M.) it is distinctlyenlarged. They also obtained a specimen at El Guama (No. 27392)which has only 21 scale rows. Mr. J. W. Daniel, jr., presented thtUnited States National Museum with a specimen taken at Matanzas,February 10, 1899.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEOER. 281TROPIDOPHIS SEMICINCTUS (Gundlach and Peters).Figs. 93 to 97.A specimen of this very distinct species (No. 26361 U.S.N.M.) wascollected by Mr. J. W. Daniel, jr., at Matanzas, in 1899. It has 25scale rows, 209 ventrals, and 30 caudals.This species is very closely allied to if not identical with Bocourt'sTropidopMs moreletii} Tlie color pattern is very much alike andthe scale formula nearly identical (type of T. moreletii has 25 scalerows, 208 ventrals, and 34 caudals) with that of the above specimen.The special characteristic of T. moreletii is said to be the "tectiform"shape of the scales, but even in this particular our Cuban specimen
96 97Figs. 93-95.?Tropidophis semicinctus. 2J X nat. size. No. 26361, U.S.N.M. Matanzas.?96-971? X NAT. SIZE, REPRESENT COLOR PATTERN AND SECTION THROUGH MIDDLE OF BODY OF SAMESPECIMEN.matches it, for the scales of the latter show a decided ridge sometimesapproaching a faint keel. The t>'pe of T. moreletii is said to havebeen collected by A. Morelet at Vera Paz, Guatemala, but there isno other record from the mainland that I am aware of. However,some mistake may have crept in, for Morelet, as we know, collectedalso in Cuba. In part confirmation of my doubt as to the correctnessof the locality, I may mention that in A. Dum^ril's Catalogue Metho-dique de la Collection" des Reptiles du Museum d'Historie Naturellede Paris (1851, p. 216), there is listed a Tropidophis maculatus col-lected by Morelet in Cuba, and I suspect that this may be the samespecimen which afterwards served as the type of T. moreletii.
? BuU. Soc. PhUom. Paris (7), vol. 9, 1885, p. 113; Miss. Sci. Mexlque, Zool., Kept., livr. 11, 1888, pi. 42,figs. 5-5/.
282 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.TRETANORHINUS VARIABILIS DumerU and Bibron.Figs. 98 to 101.Palmer and Riley got this species at Guanajay, San Diego delos Baiios,and ElGuama in 1900, and in 1902 Mr. Palmer collected it at El Cobre.
Figs. 98-101.?Tretanokhinus variabilis. IJ X nat. size. No. 27393 U.S.N.M. El GuamPiNAR DEL Rio.?101 SHOWS THE COLOR PATTERN AT ABOUT THE VIDDLE OF THE BODY.ALSOPHIS ANGULIFER (Bibron).Figs. 102 to 104.Of this common species nearly all the parties obtained specimens.The various localities are as foUov/s: Matanzas, El Guama, Guanajay,
Figs. 102-104.?Alsophis angulifeb. Nat. size. No. 27601, U.S.N.M. San Diego de los BAi5o3San Diego de los Banos, Cabanas, and Isle of Pines. One of the Isle ofPines specimens (No. 28071) shows traces of light spots on the scaleson the anterior part of the body, thus tending toward the formadspersus.
NO. 2205, CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 283
Measurements of Alsophis angulifer.
Museum andNo.
U.S. Nat. 10410..U. S. Nat. 12,'?87..U.S.Nat.l23S7A.U. S. Nat. 26359.
.
U.S. Nat. 26362..U.S. Nat. 27397..U. S. Nat. 27398.U.S. Nat. 27399..U.S. Nat. 27500..U.S. Nat. 27501..U.S. Nat. 276461.U.S. Nat. 27984..U.S. Nat. 28071..U.S. Nat. 28072..
Age.
Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Adult.Aduit.
Locality. When col-lected.
Cuba.dodoMatanzas, Cuba
.do.El Guamfi,,Cuba.dodoGuana ay. Cuba^S. Diego de losBafios; Cuba.Cabailas, Cuba .Isle of Pines.dodo
Mar. ?,1880
By whomcollected.
Prof. E.Poev.Gundlach
.
.do.Feb. 10, 1899 ! J. W. Dan-iel, jr.
.dcMar. 22,1900Mar. 6, 1900doJune 1, 1900Apr. 24,1900May 15,1900July s, 1900July 3, 1900do
Palmer andRiley.dodododododododo
?
284 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.andreae (type-locality, Habana). Having at least 20 specimens of thelatter and seven of the former and finding the variation of the colorpattern in the two forms very slight throughout this large series, hewas quite justified in diagnosing them under different names.In a series of 20 specimens in the United States National Museumfrom the two extreme ends of Cuba proper and also from the Isleof Pines, a different state of affairs is revealed.A topotype of T. nehulatus (No. 28036) collected by Palmer andRiley at Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines, July 5, 1900, agrees very wellwith Barbour's description and figure of this form. The white lat-eral spots on the anterior part of the bodyhave a tendency to become elongate on thefourth and fifth scale rows on each side, andon the posterior part they actually fuse witha distinct white dorso-lateral stripe.Palmer and Riley's specimens from ElGuama, Pinar del Rio (Nos. 27394-5), SanDiego de los Banos (Nos. 27853-6), and Ca-banas (Nos. 27640-1), as well as one recentlycollected by Mr. J. B. Henderson and Dr.Paul Bartsch, at La Mulata (No. 51845), aU inwestern Cuba, agree with Barbour's descrip-tion and figure of L. andreae and with Rein-hardt and Lutken's original description of thisspecies, and show at most some scattered hair-fine white margins to some of the dorsal scales.I turn now to the specimens from easternCuba.A male from Santiago de Cuba (No. 26764, U.S.N.M.) is uniquein having the back crossed from ventrals to ventrals by numerous(more than 80) light cross bars fonued by the narrow white marginsto the scales. The black intervals are slightly wider than the fightcross bars. The white margin is possibly slightly emphasized on thefifth scale row on each side, but there is no noticeable light line excepton each side of the tail.Bowdish, in the winter of 1901-2, collected four specimens atGuama. Of these No. 29756 is very much like our topotype of L.nehulatus mentioned above and nobody would for an instant regardthem as belonging to different species. Moreover, they both resem-ble greatly Bibron's figure^ of what he called Coluler cursor, orDromicus cursor, from Cuba (but without definite locahty). Theother three specimens are an elaboration and exaggeration of thistype and that of the Santiago specimen culminating in No. 29780which has about 50 distinct white cross bands on the body, with
Figs. 105-107.?LEiMADOPms an-dreae. 2X NAT. SIZE. No. 26764U.S.N.M. Santiago de Cuba
> Hist. Fis. PoL Hist. Nat. Cuba, Atlas, 1842, pi. 28.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEOER. 285broader, more rhomboidal black interspaces caused by the wideningof the white band on the fifth scale row, thus recalling the lateralstripe of the other specimens and actually continuing as such on thesecond scale row of the tail.From the above material one might be tempted to establish threesomewhat ill-defined subspecies?namely, the melanistic LeimadopJiisandreae andreae from western Cuba, L. andreae nehulatus from theIsle of Pines, and a third, characterized by numerous definite whitishcrossbars, from eastern Cuba, were it not for a specimen (No. 29850)collected by Palmer on January 30, 1902, at Baracoa, near theextreme eastern end of the island. This specimen is a typical L.andreae with no indication of white blotches or cross bands. Theonly difference is that it has a narrow pale line on the fifth scale rowand that the whitish head pattern is almost obhterated.Nothing need to ])e said about the specimens with the generallocahty "Cuba" except that the specimen (No. 6183) which themuseum received in 1863 from the Paris museum under the name ofDromicus fugitivus is much more typical than Cocteau's figure, andexactly like the specimen figured by Jan.'A young specimen (No. 27398) collected by Palmer and Riley atEl Guamg,, March 26, 1900, is worthy of mention as being a partialalbino of the typical form, in which the black is absent, the backbeing a medium tawny gra}'
.
While I do not attach much importance to the discrepancy in thenumber of ventrals and subcaudals shown in the table below becauseof the small number of specimens from eastern Cuba, it may be wellto call attention to the fact that both the ventrals and subcaudalsare more numerous, on the average, in the six specimens from theeastern part of the island. The average number of ventrals in our10 western specimens is 145. Barbour states that in 7 specimensfrom the Isle of Pines, the average is 143 and in an equal number ofCuban examples in the Museum of Comparative Zoology it is 144.^As he apparently had no specimens from eastern Cuba, his figuresstrongly corroborate those from the United States National Museumspecimens.
1 Icon. Ophid., livr. 23, pi. 5, fig. 2. 2 Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, 1916, 306.
286 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. TOl.. 53.Measurements of Leimadophis andreae.
Museum and No.
NO. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGER. 287fused with prefrontal) combined with a high number of ventrals(171 to 186, average 177) and subcaudals (69 to 100, average 84.5),while A. vittatum has a well-separated loreal combined with fewventrals (112 to 124, average 117.5) and subcaudals (54 to 78, average64.5).
.-< >y iSS^fi'^
288 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.type is apparently lost and Cope did not give the scale formula of thespecies. There can be but little doubt that Bocourt described andfigured the same form as Cope, and the number of ventrals and sub-caudals of this specimen (ventrals 141, subcaudals 120) coupled withthe peculiarity of the single prefrontal indicates such a radical differ-ence from either of the other two species as to justify us in retainingA. redimitum as a good species. The diagnostic characters of thethree species may be briefly tabulated as follows
:
Species.
wo. 2205. CUBAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEQER. 289LORICATA.CROCODYLUS ACUTUS Curier.Fig3. 120 to 122.To anybody who has examined Seba's plate,' which is the solebasis of Laurenti's Crocodylus americanus, the application of the
^^^
Figs. 120-121.?Crocodylus acuttjs, youno. ? x nat. size. No. 2S760, U.S.N.M. Isle of Pines.122.?Nat. size. Represents toe anterior dorsal scutellation of the same indi\idvai,.latter name to the present species seems absurd. That picture isabsolutely unidentifiable.This species was obtained by Palmer and Riley on the Isle of Pines.It may be interesting in this connection to point out that neitherHornaday nor Jeffries Wyman was the first to record the occurrenceof the crocodile in Florida. That was done as earl}^ as 1822 byRafinesque who published the fact in the Kentuclsy Gazette.^The opinion has recently been expressed that Crocodylus rJiombiferCuvier is not a good species, but only young specimens of C. acutus.^Nothing could be further from the truth. C. rhomhifer is a verydistinct species easily characterized by the different dorsal scuteUa-
? Thesaurus, vol. 1, pi. 106. ? Now sorios, vol. 1, No. 29, July 18, 1822, p. 3, col. 2.
? Werner, Zool. Jahrb. Syst., vol. 28, p. 265.77403?Proc. N. M. vol. 53?17 19
290 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. VOL. 53.tion as may be seen from the figm'e here presented (fig. 123), whichis taken from a much older specimen than the one given of C. acutus
Fio. 123.?Crocodylus bhombifee. i X nat. size. No. 13578. Cuba. Represents anterior por-tion OF DORSAL SCUTA.(fig. 122). The two species may be distinguished by this characteralone as follows:
a*. Dorsal scutes in two median longitudinal regular rows with an interruptedand irregular row of contiguous scutes on each side of the median rows, thekeels of the latter being lower than the adjacent ones C. acutics.a'. Dorsal scutes (except anterior and posterior transverse rows) in six longi-tudinal regular and adjacent rows, the keels of which are of the sameheight C. rhombi/er.
124 IJiFigs. 124-125.?Pskudemys palustris.?J x nat. size. No. 27639, U.S.N.M. CABAflAS.
i?a2205. CUBAN AMPHIDIANS AND REPTILES?STEJNEGER. 291TESTUDINATA.PSEUDEMYS PALUSTRIS (Gmelln).Figs. 124 to 128.Two specimens of this, the only fresh-water turtle found in Cuba,were collected at Cabanas on May 17, 1900, by Palmer and Riley.
JIGS. 126-128.?PSEODEMYS PALU9TEIS. I2fl.?J X NAT. SIZE. 127-128.?NAT. SIZE. NO, 27639, U.S.N.U
.
CABAi^Aa.