SARSIA57:l-32 
DEEP-WATER ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGER- 
FJORDEN, WESTERN NORWAY 
By 
KRISTIAN FAUCHALD, 
Allan Hancock Foundation, University o? Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007 
ABSTRACT 
The errantiate polychactes from waters deeper than 200 m in Hardangerfjorden include 37 
species of which 5 are newly described. These include Nolhria fiordica, Eunice dubitatus, Lumbrineris 
agostos, L. aniara, and L. scopa. The faunal composition indicates a close relationship to shallow- 
water faunas in the region, and differs from the usual composition of deep-water polychaetes. A 
preliminary analysis indicates the presence of ecological groupings of polychaetes in Hardanger- 
fjorden. 
CONTENTS 
Introduction    1                Family Nereidae  13 
Station list   2                     ?     Nephtyidae  14 
Species reported    6                     ?     Sphaerodoridae   15 
Family Aphroditidae    6                     ?     Onupfiidae  15 
? Polynoidae   7                     ?      Kunicidae   IG 
? Sigalionidae   10                     ?     Lumbrirneidae    22 
? Amphinomidae    II                    ?     Arabellidae  28 
? Phyllodocidae    II           Faunal composition    28 
? Hesionidae   12         Acknowledgements  29 
? Syllidae  12          References   30 
INTRODUCTION 
The present survey of the errant polychaetes from waters deeper than 200 m in 
Hardangerfjorden reviews part of the material collected during the last ten to 
fifteen years. Material from a few shallow-water and intertidal stations has been 
included; this was done to gain information about the vertical distinctness of the 
deep-water fauna. It has been disregarded in the faunistic treatment. 
Polychaetes from Hardangerfjorden have previously been reported extensively; 
BiDENKAP (1895) specifically mentioned 16 species of errants found in this area: 
Contribution from the Biological Station of the University of Bergen, Espegrcnd, N-5065 
Blomsterdalen, Norway. 
2 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
he did not specify records for an additional 23 species that he considered wide- 
spread along the whole Norwegian coast. The fauna of the fjord at that time was 
considered to include approximately 40 species. Most of these species are shallow- 
water organisms; only a few of the typical deep-water species such as Laetmonice 
filicornis and Sthenolepis tetragona (for complete references see below) were reported. 
All species listed by BIDENKAP and all species reported in the present paper are 
large-bodied organisms. Material from Hardangerfjorden has largely been collec- 
ted with dredges and screened through 1 mm screens. The result is that all smaller 
species, if present, have been lost. .1 
The present collections contain 37 species; several additional species are 
present, but are not identifiable due to the condition of the specimens. New species 
are described in Nothria, Eunice, and Lumbrineris. The material of the families 
Glyceridae and Goniadidae has not been treated; these two families will be con- 
sidered by C. St?p-Bowitz. 
Faunistically the deep-fjord fauna of Hardangerfjorden is very similar to the 
one found in Sognefjorden (FAUCHALD 1972a) and to the fauna of the deeper parts 
of Skagerrak as reported by ELIASON (1962). Because of the lack of smaller species 
in these investigations, it is difficult to compare this fauna to the one found in 
deep water off north America by HARTMAN (1965) and HARTMAN & FAUCHALD 
(1971). The faunal composition in terms of the relative importance of the different 
families resembles more closely the pattern usually found in shallow water than the 
emerging deep water pattern (FAUCHALD 1972b, pp. 10-11). 
HARTMANN-SCHR?DER (1971) reviews the fauna of the North Sea and the 
Skagerrak. Several of the species listed below were reported in this survey, and in 
these instances, reference is only given to HARTMANN-SCHR?DER'S publication ; she 
has given comprehensive bibliographies for most species and accurate and com- 
plete descriptions as well. 
STATION LIST! 
64-53. Stord, just S of Midtoy light, 59"46'30"N, 5?33'E, 300-240 m, gravel, mud, mixed bottom. 
4-56. Hissfjorden, S of Bakke, SW of Sm?holmene, 60?14'10"N, 06?00'30"E, rocky intertidal, 
28 June, 1956. 
22-56. Hisstjorden, middle of the fjord, E of Skjerdingen, 60?13'40"N, 06?05'00"E, 640-660 m, 
fine mud, 3 July, 1956. 
25-56. Ytre Samlafjorden,  SW of Jonanes, 60?17'00"N, 06?13'10"E, 840-842 m, fine mud, 
4 July, 1956. 
41-56. Indre Samlafjorden, off Hesthamar, 60?26'05"N, 06?33'50"E, 210-240 m, muddy sand 
rocks, 6 July, 1956. 
1 The station list consists of two separate parts; in the first part of the list, the two numbers 
behind the hyphen represent the year and the numbers in front of the hyphen, the station number 
in that year. Thus, Stn 64 ? 53 is station number 64 in the year 1953. The station numbers in the 
second part of the list are prefixed ZF. These stations were taken during an investigation of the 
fishes in the fjord and are simply listed chronologically, without any indication of the year. 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POI.YCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 3 
43-56. Ytre Samlafjorden, off Straumesteinen, 60?16'48"N, 06?12'30"E, 210-150 m, very fine 
muddy sand, 7 July, 1956. 
44-56. Sildafjorden, middle of the fjord, between Varalds?y and ^nes, 60 '05'15"N, 06?03'30"E, 
670-390 m, fine muddy sand, 7 July, 1956. 
45-56. Lokksund, Nymark, just S of tlie pier, 60"01'05"N, 05=42'40"E, rocky intertidal, 7 July, 
1956. 
46-56. Kvinnheradsfjordcn between Hatlestrand and Kalven, 59-59'30"N, 05?54'00"E, 560- 
630 m, fine sand and mud, 20 August, 1956. 
48-56. ?ynefjorden, E of Gr?nevik, 60?05'25"N, 05?57'00"E, 465-468 m, rather stiff clayey mud, 
21 August, 1956. 
54-56. Hissfjorden, E of Ljonestangen light, 60?14'30"N, 06?11'20"E, 576 m, mud, 22 August, 
1956. 
57-56. Indre Samlafjorden, off Hesthamar, 60'26'05"N, 06?33'50"E, 230-294 m, mixed bottom, 
rocks, slags, coarse sand, 22 August, 1956. 
63-56. Granvinfjorden, between Sauaneset and Hamre, 60?28'30"N, 06"39'20"E, 198 200 m, 
shelly debris, mixed with coarse and fine sand, some pure clay, 23 August, 1956. 
65-56. S?rfjorden, NW of UUensvang, 60?19'40"N, 06?38'30"E, 350 m, mud or very fine sand, a 
few small rocks, 24 August, 1956. 
66-56. At the mouth of S?rfjorden, S of Sl?ttenes light, 60?24'35"N, 06?42'40"E, 737 m, very fine, 
somewhat muddy sand, two medium sized rocks, 24 August, 1956. 
67-56. Indre Samlafjorden, off Hesthamar, 60?26'05"N, 06=33'50"E, 210-250 m, fine sand, some 
coarse sand, a few rocks, 24 August, 1956. 
72-56. Hissfjorden, the shoal W of Hamaren light, 60?11'30"N, 06''04'10"E, 250-270 m, rocky, 
loose rocks, muddy sand, 25 August, 1956. 
2-57.  Kvinnheradfjorden, off Rosendal, just S of the rivermouth, 59?58'50"N, 06?00'40"E, 20 m, 
rock and sand, 3 June, 1957. 
3-57. Kvinnheradfjorden, middle of the fjord, E of Steinanes, 59?58'20"N, 05?51'00"E, 495- 
540 m, fine mud, 3 June, 1957. 
17-57. Maurangerfjorden, inside Maurangsnes, 60?06'10"N, 06"09'45"E, 210 m, mud with some 
sand, 6 June, 1957. 
18-57. Maurangerfjorden, W of Krokalandet, 60?06'45"N, 06?13'45"E, 246-249 m, mud with 
some sand, 6 June, 1957. 
19-57. Maurangerfjorden, W of Krokalandet, 60?06'52"N, 06?14'15"E, 246 m, mud with some 
sand, 6 June, 1957. 
24-57. Kvinnheradfjorden, E of Fja;reflu light, 60'02'30"N, 05'58'20"E, 588-594 m, mud and 
some gravel, 29 July, 1957. 
25-57.  ?ynefjorden, E of Bondesund light, 60 08'10"N, 05?54'25"E, 499 m, mud, 30 June, 
1957. 
26-57. Bondesund, S of Kr?ka, on the sill, 60?08'50"N, 05?57'10"E, 204-240 m, rocky, 30 July, 
1957. 
27-57. Lokksund, W of Berge, just under land, 60 03'20"N, 05"43'15"E, appr. 40 m, rocks and 
shelly debris, 30 June, 1957. 
32-57. Mouth of Simadalsfjorden, 60?28'30"N, 07?04'25"E, 200-150 m, soft, clean mud,  7 
November, 1957. 
5-58. ?ystese, at the mouth of the bay, 60 21'50"N, 06"14'15"E, 200-180 m, mud and some 
gravel, 20 May, 1958. 
13-58. Indre Alvik, off the bay, 60?25'10"N, 06?25'30"E, 240 m, rocky, with loose rocks, sand and 
shelly debris, 21 May, 1958. 
26-58. Between Raudholmene and H?skru light, 59?32'54"N, 05?ir40"E, 350-330 m, rocky 
with gravel, 8 September, 1958. 
<f KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
27-58. B?mlafjorden, off B?mlahavn, 59?35'30"N, 05?14'50"E, 390-370 m, stiff clay with small 
rocks and gravel, 9 September, 1958. 
30-58. Southern part of Langenuen, between Huglhamaren and Midt?y light, 59?47'45"N, 
05?34'20"E, 315-300 m, sand and mud, 10 September, 1958. 
31-58. S of Huglo, outside the sill, 59"48'35"N, 05"35'30"E, 220-170 m, sand and mud, small 
rocks and gravel, 10 September, 1958. 
32-58. Kvinnheradfjorden, SE of Steinanes, 59=58'20"N, 05"5r25"E, appr. 500 m (echosounder 
out of order), mud and sand, 11 September, 1958. 
33-58. Outside Maurangsnes, up the outside of the sill, 60"06'08"N, 06=08'30"E, appr. 225-170 
m (echosounder out of order), sand and mud with small rocks and gravel, 11 September, 1958. 
36-58. Ytre Samlafjorden, NW of Jonaneset light, 60?18'00"N, 06?13'30"E, 300-150 m, fine 
sand, 23 September, 1958. 
38-58. Utnefjorden abeam Granvinfjorden, 60^26'20"N, 06?37'00"E, 790-810 m, fine sandy 
mud, 23 September, 1958. 
46-58. S?rfjorden, E of Akre, 60 15'35"N, 06?35'00"E, 396-397 m, fine sand, 24 September, 
1958. 
57-58. S?rfjorden, E of Lindvik, 60?12'45"N, 06?35'45"E, 412 m, fine sandy mud, 26 September, 
1958. 
74-58. Osafjorden, deepest part off Salthella, 60?32'25"N, 06?58'00"E, 260-240 m, soft mud, 
20 October, 1958. 
75-58. Osafjorden, off Bergetangen, 60?31'30"N, 06?55'48"E, 204-190 m, soft mud with some 
sand, 21 October, 1958. 
77-58. Osafjorden, off Bolstad, 60?30'18"N, 06?55'E, 306 m, mud, 21 October, 1958. 
80-58. Simadalsfjorden, outer part, 60?28'54"N, 07?04'30"E, 126-190 m, mud with a little sand 
and gravel, 22 October, 1958. 
86-58. Osafjorden, outer part, 60?29'24"N, 06?54'E, 438-366 m, mud, 23 October, 1958. 
95-58. Eidfjorden, off Dj?nno, 60?28'N, 06-45'45"E, 150-264 m, sand and mud, 24 October, 1958. 
98-58. Husnesfjorden, W of Oykjaneset, 59'51'24"N, 05?40'30"E, 480-450 m, mud with some 
sand, 10 November, 1958. 
99-58. Husnesfjorden, between Metlesvik and Stovik, 59?50'24"N, 05?40'48"E, 290-240 m, soft 
mud with fine shell debris, 11 November, 1958. 
101-58. ?lfjorden, off Vikebygd, 59"35'30"N, 05?32'35"E, 220-186 m, hard coral bottom with 
mud pockets, 11 November, 1958. 
104-58. Bjoafjorden, N of Apalvik, 59'48'15"N, 05=40'30"E, 372-324 m, rocky, very hard clay 
with smaller and larger rocks, 12 November, 1948. 
110-58. Sk?neviksfjorden, SE of Toftekalven, 59?44'45"N, 05='51'40"E, 354-350 m, soft bottom, 
13 November, 1958. 
113-58. H?ylandssundet, W of ?lfernes, 59?46'20"N, 05?51'35"E, 232-230 m, mud, 13 Novem- 
ber, 1958. 
116-58. Husnesfjorden, off Huglo, E of Langaskj?r, 59?49'24"N, 05?37'18"E, 355-352 m, rocky 
bottom, smaller rocks, 14 November, 1958. 
3-59. Klosterfjorden, E of Eld?yane, 59?45'30"N, 05='34'00"E, 373-384 m, mud, 3 June, 1959. 
7-59. Klosterfjorden, probably between Tittlesnes and Fjellberg?y, no closer locality, 378-382 m, 
Calocaris bottom, 3 June, 1959. 
10-59. B?mlafjorden, E of Otter?y, 59?43'10"N, 05?28'25"E, 100-200 m, coral bottom, 5 June, 
1959. 
13-59. Sof Huglhamaren, 59?48'42"N, 05?35'10"E, 260-180 m, hard bottom, coral fauna, 6 June, 
1959. 
15-61. Klosterfjorden, S of Huglo on sill to Langenuen, 59?48'30"N, 05"35'10"E, 180-250 m, 
3 November, 1961. 
No. 57 r.RRANT POl.YCHAr.TES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 5 
20-61. Kvinnheiadfjorden, between Her?y and Anuglo, 59 54'52"N, 05?45'45"E, 510-520 m, 
mud, 30 November, 1961. 
24-63. Indre Samlafjorden, .S of Alvik, 60 23'45"N, 06-25'E, 870 m, soft clay and mud, 11 and 13 
June, 1963 (two subsamples). 
25-63. Utnefjorden between R?nes and Eikenes, 60?25'I0"N, 06?40'E, 719 m, mud and terres- 
trial debris, 11 June, 1963. 
26-63. S?rfjorden, between Troneset and Kyrkjeneset, 60?24'10"N, 06?4r30"E, 570^00 m, 
mud, 11 June, 1963. 
30-63. S?rfjorden, E of Kvitno-M?ge, 60?11'N, 06?34'E, 390 m, soft bottom,  12 June, 1963. 
31-63. Eidfjorden, E of Ring?y, 60?26'40"N, 06?45'E, 588-600 m, mud, 12 June, 1963. 
32-63. S?rfjorden, Aga, 60"18'12"N, 06?36'30"E, 0-12 m, beach-collecting, 12 June, 1963. 
34-63. Indre Samlafjorden, NW of Hesthamar, 60?26'30"N, 06?33'30"E, appr. 500-300 m, mud 
and rock, 13 June, 1963. 
35-63. Bondesundet, E of Langaneset, 60'08'50"N, 05?56'30"E, 210-270 m, mud with some 
rocks, 13 June, 1963. 
36-63. Storsundct, E of Nautaneset, 59?56'40"N, 05?5r40"E, 225 m, soft sandy mud, terrestrial 
plant debris, 14 June, 1963. 
38-63. Kvinnheradfjorden, NE of Anuglo, 59"57'30"N, 05'47'00"E, 450-475 m, mud with some 
sand and gravel, 14 June, 1963. 
40-63. Ytre Samlafjorden, off Jondal, between Jonaneset and S?tveitneset, 60"17'N, 06'15'E, 
180-300 m, rocky with mud in pockets, 16 September, 1963. 
41-63. Ytre Samlafjorden, E of Vangsvik, 60'19'20"N, 06?14'16"E, 870 m, mud with a few rocks, 
17 September, 1963. 
43-63. Osafjordcn, middle of the fjord between Salthella and Brummedal, 60?32'33"N, 06?57' 
58"E, 250-230 m, mud,  18 September, 1963. 
44-63. Osafjorden, middle of the fjord, W of Bolstad, 60?30'05"N, 06?55'E, 300 m, mud, 18 
September, 1963. 
45-63. Eidfjorden, off the mouth of Osafjorden, 60^28'45"N, 06'55'E, 430 m, mud, 18 September, 
1963. 
46-63. Outer part of Eidfjorden in the middle of the fjord between Sl?ttenes and Sengjaneset, 
60?25'25"N, 06'43'44"E, 630-660 m, mud (dredge washed), 18 September, 1963. 
47-63. S?rfjorden, middle of the fjord between Lofthus and Vilurdo, 60='20'N, 06'38'E, 330-360 
m, mud, 18 September, 1963. 
48-63. Utnefjorden, middle of the fjord between Troneset and Tjofl?tneset, 60?25'26"N, 06?40'E, 
730 m, mud, 19 September, 1963. 
49-63.  Indre Samlafjorden, middle of the fjord, S of Alvik, 60?24'N, 06?25'26"E, 870 m, mud, 
19 September, 1963. 
51-63. Kvinnheradfjorden, middle of the fjord, E of Ulvanes, 59'59'30"N, 05''55'08"E, 660-670 
m, mud, 20 September, 1963. 
2?64. Granvinfjordcn, 19 August, 1964. 
3-64.  Utncfjordcn-Granvinfjorden, 60"27'30"N, 06''37'20"E, 216 m,  mud,   19 August,   1964. 
4-64. Utnefjorden by Tjofl?tneset, 60'25'45"N, 06?41'E, 300-lOOm, rocky, shells, 19 August, 1964. 
5-64. Eidfjorden, NW of Klyngstu, 60-29T5"N, 06 57'30"E, 425^24 m, soft mud, some terres- 
trial debris, 19 August, 1964. 
6-64. S?rfjorden, outer part between Eidnes and Kjeken, 60?20'30"N, 06?38'40"E, 360-340 m, 
mud, 20 August, 1964. 
7-64. S?rfjorden,  outer part off Kjeken-Lutro,  60'21T0"N,  06?39'E,  350-336  m,  mud,  20 
August, 1964. 
15-64. Indre Samlafjorden, middle of the fjord S of Ytre Alvik, 60?23'30"E, 06?23'00"E, 880 m, 
mud, 21 August, 1964. 
b KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
16-64. Sildafjorden, E of ?ykhaganeset, 60?08'N, 06?05'45"E, 684 m, soft mud, 21 August, 1964. 
20-64. Kvinnheradfjorden, opposite Husav?gen, S of Ystanes, 59?58'N, 05?46'E, 486 m, mud, 
22 August, 1964. 
1-65. Utnefjorden, NW of Hesthamar, 60?26'30"N, 06?33'E, 806 m, soft mud, 18 August, 1965. 
2-65. Utnefjorden, NW of Hesthamar, 60?26'30"N, 06?33'E, 600-285 m (up the slope), soft mud, 
18 August, 1965. 
6-65. S?rfjordcn, SE of Grimo, 60?23'N, 06?40'30"E, 245-260 m, mud, 18 August, 1965. 
7-65. Eidfjorden, S of Vassvik, W of Bunes, 60=27'54"N, 06?47'36"E, 500-516 m, mud, 19 August, 
1965. 
8-65. Eidfjorden, S of Vangsbygd, 60?28'55"N, 06=51'18"E, 460-454 m, mud, 19 August, 1965. 
9-65. Eidfjorden, SW of Vangen, 60?29'N, 06?52'E, 200-125 m, mud, 19 August, 1965. 
10-65. Sorfjorden, from Kjeken to Lutro, 60?2rN, 06?39'30"E, 340-320 m, mud, 20 August, 
1965. 
11-65. Indre Samlafjorden, S of Alvik, 60?24'15"N, 06?25'20"E, 860 m, muddy clay, 20 August, 
1965. 
15-65. Kvinnheradfjorden, NE of Anuglo, 59?56'N, 05?45'45"E, 512 m, mud, 21 August, 1965. 
16-65. Kvinnheradfjorden, NW of Skorpegavlen, 59=580^1, 05?47'E, 480 m, muddy clay, 21 
August, 1965. 
ZF7. B?mlafjorden, E of Moster, 59?43'00"N, 05?25'12"E, 230-290 m, otter-trawl, 23 March, 
1956. 
ZF8. Langenuen, from Store Grovaholmen light southwards, 59?50'00"N, 05'"33'30"E, 265-220 
m, long-line, 28-29 May, 1956. 
ZF27. Off Midtoy light by Leirvik, Stord, 59 46'N, 05?34'E, 342 m, soft bottom with some large 
rocks, otter-trawl, 19 October, 1956. 
ZF40. Kvinnheradfjorden, W of Kalven, along the deepest part, 59?59'50"N, 05"54'E, 672-687 
m, otter-trawl, 7 December, 1956. 
ZF46. Sildafjorden, E of Varalds?y, along the deepest part, 60?05'40"N, 06?05'40"E, 678 m, 
long-line, 12-13 March, 1957. 
ZF51. ?ynefjorden, S of Bondesund light, 495^75 m, otter-trawl, 14 March, 1957. 
ZF52. Hissfjorden, E of Varalds?y, 60 09'20"N, 06?06'E, 678-684m, otter-trawl, 15 March, 1957. 
ZF56. Ytre Samlafjorden, across the fjord from Jondal, 60?16'40"N, 06"13'E, 170-855 m, first 
rocky, later soft bottom, long-line, 6-7 May, 1957. 
ZF63. Sorfjorden, between Kvitno and Melland, 60?10'48"N, 06?33'48"E, 396 m, otter-trawl, 
9 May, 1957. 
ZF64. Utnefjorden, off Utne, 60 25'50"N, 06?4rE,  732-735 m,   otter-trawl,  10 May,  1957. 
ZF85. ?lfjorden, midway along the northern part, 59?4r00"N, 05?34'00"E, 450-t65 m, soft 
muddy bottom, otter-trawl, 31 October, 1957. 
ZF89.  Husnesfjorden, across from Sunde, 59=49'15"N, 05"38'35"E, 460-440 m, soft bottom with 
sponges, otter-trawl, 2 November, 1957. '? 
SPECIES REPORTED 
Family Aphroditidac 
Aphrodita aculeaia LINNAEUS, 1761 
Aphrodita aculeaia BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 64-65; HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 38-39, fig. 7. 
Material examined. 48-56 (2); 66-56 (1); 67-56 (2); 3-57 (1); 25-57 (1); 30-58 (1); 
33-58 (1); 36-58 (1); 77-58 (5); 34-63 (1); 35-63 (1); 47-63 (2) ; 4-64 (2); 7-64 (6); 6-65 (4); 
7-65 (1); ZF51 (1);ZF64(I). 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 7 
The characteristic dorsal felt can, especially in small specimens, be poorly 
developed. The species can always be distinguished from other nordic aphroditids 
on the presence of a single large subdistal tooth on the otherwise smooth neuro- 
setae. 
Distribution. A. aculeata is known from the northern Atlantic Ocean; it is generally 
considered a shallow-water form, but has previously been reported from slope depths. 
Laetmonice filicomis KINBERG, 1855 
Laetmonicefilicomis BTOENKAP 1895, p. 65; HARTMANN-SCHRODER 1971, p. 41, fig. 8. 
Material  examined. 65-56 (1); 67-56 (2); 6-65 (2). 
L. filicomis has large, distally harpoon-shaped notosetae, but these setae are 
frequently broken. Each neuroseta has a single subdistal tooth and a fringe of fine 
hairs between this tooth and the tip of the seta. A dorsal felt is absent. 
Distribution. L. filicomis has been reported from the northern hemisphere, and, as most 
members of this genus, is primarily found in deep waters. 
Family Polynoidae 
Alenda gelatinosa (SARS, 1860) 
Alentia gelatinosa BIDENKAP 1895, p. 62; HARTMAN.N-SCIIR?DER 1971, pp. 45-46, fig. 10. 
Material  examined. 4-64 (fragment). 
A. gelatinosa is common in western Norway. The present collection contains 
only a fragment, which can be recognized on the characteristic setae and elytrae 
(compare HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, fig. 10 b and d). 
Distribution. A. gelatinosa is primarily a shallow-water form. It has been reported from the 
eastern Atlantic Ocean between Norway and northern Africa. 
Antinoella plumosa YAVCHALU, 1972 
Antinoella plumosa FAUCHALD 1972a, pp. 90-92, fig. 1. 
Material examined. 45-56 (1) ; 48-56 (2) ; 65-56 (3) ; 66-56 (2) ; 67-56 (3) ; 46-58 (4); 
57-58 (3); 77-58 (1); 110-58 (1); 7-59 (1); 38-63 (l);47-63 (3);3-64 (2); 7-64 (10); 1-65 (1); 
2-65 (1); 7-65 (6); 16-65 (1); ZF40 (1); ZF63 (24); ZF89 (3). 
A. plumosa has prolonged neurosetac that are distally produced in fine, distinct- 
ly plumose filaments. The eyes are small. The elytrae, not mentioned in the origi- 
nal description, are nearly smooth marginally, but a few, scattered long papillae 
are present. The elytral surface is covered with small, rounded smooth papillae. 
The elytrae are whitish flesh-colored in alcohol. 
Distribution. A. plumosa was described from Sognefjorden; the present records are from 
Hardangerfjorden and may indicate a wider distribution of this species in Norwegian fjords. 
8 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD ? Sarsia 
Antinoella sarsi MALMGREN, 1865 
Harmothoe sarsi BIDENKAP 1895, p. 50. 
Harmothoe {Antinoella) ?ar?? HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 62-64, fig. 18. 
Material  examined. ZF27 (3); ZF51 (1); ZF63 (1); ZF89 (7). 
The present specimens are all rather large; they are posteriorly incomplete and 
lack elytrae. They are considered belonging to A. sarsi because the distal ends of 
the neurosetae arc pointed, but not filamentous. All specimens have the anterior 
eyes very much larger than the posterior ones and lensed; they are in the normal 
position in this species. It should be noted that all specimens were caught in trawls 
above the bottom, rather than in dredges on the bottom proper. 
Distribution. Several rather similar species of the genus Antinoella have been confused and 
it is presently difficult to assess the exact distribution of this species. It may be widespread in the 
northern hemisphere. 
Eucranta villosa MALMGREN, 1865 
Eucranta villosa MALMGREN 1865, p. 80, pi. 10, fig. 9. 
Harmothoe villosa BIDENKAP 1895, p. 52. 
Harmothoe {Eucranta) villosa HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 48-49. 
Material   examined. 64-53 (3); 31-58 (2); 35-63 (2); ZF89 (4). 
E. villosa has the superior neurosetae deeply bifid and the elytrae are covered 
with long, slender papillae resembling the fringe of marginal papillae. Several of 
the present specimens were invested in a thin layer of mucus and black mud 
covering the elytral papillae and setae. 
Distribution. E. villosa is known from the Arctic Ocean and along the Norwegian coast 
down to Skagerrak. 
Eunoe nodosa (SARS, 1860) 
Harmothoe nodosa BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 50-52. 
Hartmothoe {Eunoe) nodosa HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 61-62, fig. 17. 
Material  examined. 10-59 (2); ZF85 (2). 
E. nodosa has unidentate, falcigerous neurosetae without any trace of secondary 
teeth. The elytrae are rather ornate with a well developed fringe; both macro- and 
microtubercles are usually present in this species. One of the specimens from 
Stn 10-59 has all the microtubercles distally pointed and it is only under doubt 
that this specimen is assigned to this species. The other specimens have the 
characteristic multifid distal tips on the microtubercles. Macrotubercles are 
absent in all present specimens; this is not rare in smaller specimens from other 
parts of western Norway. 
Distribution. E. nodosa is known from the northern hemisphere. It is possible that some of 
the more exotic records belong to related species, since the species is essentially defined on negative 
characters. 
No. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 9 
Harmothoe antilopes MCINTOSH, 1876 
Harmothoe norvegica BIDENKAP 1894, pp. 2-4. 
Harmothoe antilopes HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 50. 
Material examined . 67-56 (11); 24-63 (1); 34-63 (1); 38-63 (3) ; 41-63 (1); 47-63 (1) ; 
49-63 (1); 15-64 (1); 6-65 (5). 
H. antilopes resembles H. imbricata (see below) closely. The elytral fringe is 
better developed in the former than in the latter and the elytral microtubercles are 
distally bi- or tripartite in the former and bluntly rounded in the latter. The 
secondary tooth of the neurosetae is parallel to the main tooth in H. antilopes and 
diverging from the main tooth in H. imbricata. 
Distribution.//, antilopes is known from the Atlantic Ocean in slope depths, from northern 
Norway to South .Africa. 
Harmothoe imbricata (LINNAEUS, 1767) 
Harmothoe imbricata BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 53-54; HARTMAN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 50-53, fig. 11. 
Material  examined. 67-56 (1); 31-58 (1); 101-58 (2); 13-59 (3); 16-64 (1). 
H. imbricata is less succinctly defined than the congeneric species. The elytrac 
of the present specimens have a poorly developed fringe; the structure of the 
microtubercles resembles the species as illustrated by HARTMANN-SCHR?DER. 
The three specimens from Stn 13-59 differ from the others in the collection in that 
they are white with whitish elytrac and elytral fringe is even more poorly developed 
than in the other specimens. The structure of the microtubercles and the postition 
of the eyes is the same as in the other specimens. The setal structures are the same 
in all specimens. 
Distribution. H. imbricata as presently defined, is known from the whole northern hemi- 
sphere; generally it seems to be most common in cold-water areas. 
Lagisca exten?ala (GRUBE, 1840) 
Harmothoe rarispina BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 48-49. 
Lagisca extenuata FAUVEL 1923, pp. 76-78, fig. 28; HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 71-73, fig. 22. 
Material  examined. 101-58 (3); 10-59 (5); 13-59 (1); 15-61 (1); 38-63 (1). 
The current concept of L. extenuata is diffuse and it is difficult to get a clear idea 
of the variability within the species. The present specimens all lack macrotubercles 
and only have a scries of small curved microtubercles on the elytrae. Tiic position 
of the eyes and the structure of the neurosetae are as illustrated by FAUVEL (1923, 
fig. 28 g-m). 
Distribution. L. extenuata is widespread in the northern Atlantic Ocean ; it has also been 
reported from South Africa and Japan. 
Macellicephala mirabilis (MCINTOSH, 1885) 
Macellicephala mirabilis FAUVEL 1914, pp. 39-40. 
Material   examined. 67-56 (1); 30-63 (1); 6-64 (1); 8-65 (I); ZF63 (2). 
10 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
Several species of Macellicephala have been described from Atlantic waters. The 
present material fits very well with M. mirabilis originally described from the 
Pacilic Ocean, as this species was redescribed by FAUVEL (1914) ; it has previously 
been reported from the Atlantic Ocean. ELIASON (1962, pp. 214-216, fig. 2) 
described M. paucidenlata from Skagerrak and did at that time review all species 
known from the Atlantic Ocean. 
Distribution. M. mirabilis appears to be cosmopolitan in intermediate and deep waters ; 
it is considered pelagic. 
Macellicephala, species indeterminable 
Material  examined. 48-56 (fragments). 
The present fragments cannot be identified since all setae are broken. 
F a m i 1 y Sigalionidae 
Sthenelais atl?ntica MGINTOSH, 1876 
Stkenelais atl?ntica MCINTOSH 1900, pp. 415-417, pi. 29, fig. 2, pi. 41, figs 27-28. 
Material  examined. 35-63 (2). 
S. atl?ntica differs most conspicuously from the better known Sthenolepis tetragona 
(see below) in that it has two pairs of small prostomial eyes; S. tetragona lacks eyes. 
All setae arc falcigerous in Sthenelais atl?ntica and spinigerous in Sthenolepis tetragona. 
Sthenelais boa (JOHNSTON, 1839) has previously been reported from Norway 
(BiDENKAP 1895, p. 66 as S. idunae). S. boa has tapering marginal elytral papillae; 
these papillae are truncately cl?vate in S. atl?ntica. 
HARTMANN-SCHR?DER (1971, p. 81) indicated that S. atl?ntica might be a 
synonym of S. zetlandica MCINTOSH (1876) and indeed MCINTOSH (1900, p. 417) 
indicated that his two species were very similar. The present specimen fits exactly 
with S. atl?ntica as described and illustrated by MCINTOSH and not with S. zet- 
landica. The two species are for that reason retained here. 
Distribution. S. atl?ntica appears to be known from the original description only ; the type 
locality is in deep water at the entrance to the British Channel. 
Sthenolepis tetragona (?RSTED, 1844) 
Leanira tetragona BJDENKAP 1895, pp. 65-66. 
Leanira {Sthenolepis) tetragona HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 86-87, fig. 28. 
Material examined. 44-56 (1); 46-56 (2) ; 48-56 (1); 57-56 (2) ; 65-56 (3); 66-56 (1); 
?7-56(1); 17-57(2); 18-57(1); 19-57 (2) ; 24-57 (1) ; 13-58 (1) ; 36-58 (1); 46-58 (5); 57-58 (1); 
74-58 (5); 75-58 (6); 77-58 (3); 86-58 (4); 95-58 (3); 113-58 (5) ; 3-59 (16); 20-61 (1); 24-63 
(fragment) ; 25-63 (1) ; 31-63 (fragment) ; 38-63 (3) ; 43-63 (14) ; 45-63 (3) ; 46-63 (5) ; 48-63 (2) ; 
49-63 (fragment); 51-63 (4); 5-64 (2); 7-64 (2); 15-64 (1); 16-64 (1); 20-64 (5); 2-65 (2); 
7-65 (7); 8-65 (4) ; 9-65 (1); 10-65 (2); 15-65 (2); ZF51 (fragments) ; ZF52 (fragments) ; ZF63 
(4); ZF64 (fragment); ZF85 (20). 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 1 1 
All present specimens have very well developed dorsal cirri on the third setiger. 
The median antenna has distinct ctenidia; eyes are absent. S. tetragona is one of the 
most frequently encountered species in the deep fjords of Norway. 
Distribution. S. tetragona is known from muddy bottoms in the Atlantic Ocean ; the main 
distribution appears to be in the northern parts of this ocean. 
Family Amphinomidae 
Paramphinome jeffreysii (MCINTOSH, 1868) 
Parampliinome jeffreysii HARTMAKf<-iicHR?DER 1971, p. 31. 
Paramphinome pulchella Bidenkap 1895, p. 108. 
Material   examined. 43-56 (1); 2-64 (8); 3-64 (3) ; 6-64 (1). 
The present specimens have relatively well developed caruncles. Tlie first 
setiger has a single large recurved hook in each notopodium. 
Distribution. P. jeffreysii is known from both sides of the northern Atlantic Ocean ; it 
appears to be most common in shallow water. 
Family Phyllodocidae 
Anaitides, species indeterminable 
Material   e xamined. 6-64 (1). 
The present specimen has the four antennae and nuchal papilla of an Anaitides, 
but all dorsal cirri have been lost and it cannot be further identified. 
Genelyllis lutea MALMGREN, 1865 
Genetyllis lutea BERGSTR?M 1914, pp. 160-161, fig. 54; HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 103. 
Material   examined. ZF89 (4). 
The present specimens differ from G. lutea as redescribed by BERGSTR?M in that 
the dorsal cirri arc distally rounded rather than slightly pointed and in that the 
ventral cirri are held obliquely behind the acicular lobes so that each tip is point- 
ing obliquely dorsal. The specimens are bright orange in alcohol. The lensed eyes 
are very large. 
These differences are not considered sufficient to justify a separate status for 
these specimens. 
Distribution. G. lutea is known from the eastern part of the northern Atlantic Ocean. 
Notophyllum foliosum (SARS, 1835) 
Notophyllum foliosum BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 67-68; HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp.  120-121, fig. 
38 c-d. 
Material  examined. 4-64 (2); ZF89 (1). 
12 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sariia 
N. foliosum is the only known Scandinavian phyllodocid to have biramous 
parapodia. The notopodial acicula may be difficult to i;ce, but can always be 
recognized with the help of the compound microscope. 
Distribution. A^. foliosum is known from the northern hemisphere in both the Pacific and 
Atlantic Oceans. 
Paranaitis kosteriensis (MALMGREN, 1867) 
Anaitis kosleriemis ^^v.G%Tv.?u 1914, pp. 156-158, fig. 52. 
/"arana?V?i A:o?/me??i? HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 104. 
Material  examined. 67-56 (1) ; 4-64 (1). 
P. kosteriensis has two lateral rows of papillae on the proximal part of the pro- 
boscis and the distal ends of the setal shafts have one large and one smaller tooth. 
The present specimens arc greyish with colorless dorsal cirri as preserved. 
Distribution. P. kosteriensis is found in the northern Atlantic Ocean; it has been recorded 
mainly from the European side. 
Family Hcsionidae 
Nereimyra pune tata (O. F. M?LLER, 1788) 
Castalia punctata BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 88-89. 
Nereimyra punctata HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 128-129, fig. 40. 
Material   examined. 38-63 (2); 2-64 (1); 3-64 (1). 
N. punctata is common in shallow water along the Norwegian coast. It is 
differentiated below from the rather similar Opkiodromus flexousus. 
Distribution. A^. punctata is known from the northern Atlantic Ocean, mainly in shallow 
water areas. 
Opkiodromus flexuosus (DELLE CHIAJE, 1822) 
Opkiodromus vittatus BIDENKAP 1895, p. 88. 
Opkiodromus flexuosus HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 129-131, fig. 41. 
Material   examined. 3-64 ( 1 ). 
0. flexuosus i s most easily distinguished from Nereimyra punctata, the other 
common hesionid in Norwegian fjords, in tliat it has tlucc rather than two pro- 
stomial antennr.c. Both species have a pair of palps. 
Distribution. O. flexuosus is known from the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean as far 
south as the Mediterranean Sea. 
Family Syllidae 
Haplosyllis spongicola (GRUBE, 1855) 
Syllis {Haplosyllis) spongicola FAUVEL 1923, p. 257, fig. 95 a-d. 
Material   examined. 26-58 (1); 101-58 (3); ZF7 (1). 
No. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARUANGERFJORDEN 13 
The present specimens fit with H. spongicola in the structure of the simple 
setae. These setae have a large thick subdistal tooth and the distal tooth is bifid. 
Distribution.//, spongicola is mainly known from warm waters; it is possibly cosmopolitan, 
but the current concept may cover more than one species. 
Trypanosyllis, species indeterminable 
Material examined. ZF89 (3). 
These three specimens have the dorsoventrally flattened body characteristic of 
species of Trypanosyllis. A trepan with ten teeth is present, but a separate mid- 
dorsal tooth is absent, making the species a member of the subgenus Trypanodenta 
sensu HARTMAN & IMAJIMA (1964). 
The structure of the composite setae and the number of articles in the dorsal 
cirri are as in T. coeliaca (CLAPAR?DE, 1868) (see FAUVEL 1923, p. 270, fig. 101 f-h), 
but this species has a middorsal tooth in the pharynx. 
More material is needed before the identity of the present species can be 
decided. 
Typosyllis hyalina (GRUBE, 1863) 
Tvposyllis hyalina HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 148. 
Material examined. 46-56 (1); 66-56 (I); 25-57 (1); 24-63 (3); 4-64(1); 15-64(1); 
ZF89 (1). 
The European species of the genus Typosyllis were partially reviewed by HART- 
MANN-SCHR?DER (1971). T. hyalina has bidentate composite falcigers and the 
number of articles in the dorsal cirri varies from six to about twelve. 
Distribution.   T. hyalina is considered cosmopolitan. 
Family Nereidae 
Nereis elitoralis ELIASON, 1962 
Nereis elitoralis ELIASON 1962, pp. 250-252, fig. 13. 
Nereis (Eunereis) elitoralis HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 207. 
Material   examined.   3-57(1). 
N. elitoralis has paragnaths limited to a single row of three on areas VII and 
VIII and, in the present specimen, to four in area IV and a single in each area VI. 
The species was originally described with five or six in area IV and two or three in 
area VI. 
HARTMANN-SCHR?DER (1971) moved this species to Eunereis (treated as a sub- 
genus of Nereis). This genus is usually limited to species with paragnaths on the 
oral ring only. N. elitoralis has paragnaths on both rings and will thus have to be 
retained in Nereis. The validity of the genus Eunereis is doubtful, but at present it 
seems best to retain the concept of the genus unmodified until a complete revision 
can be accomplished. 
Distribution. N. elitoralis is known from deep water in the Skagerrak. 
14 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
Nereis pel?gica hiNNAEVS, 1761 
Nereis pel?gica BIDENKAP 1895, p. 85; HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 194-196, fig. 62. 
Material examined. 26-57 (1); 116-58 (1); 4-64 (1); ZF89 (1). 
N. pel?gica usually has well developed paragnaths on all areas, but may lack 
them on area V. 
Parts of the material reported above were identified by Dr. Asher Gitay during 
a stay in Bergen. 
Distribution. N.pel?gica is considered cosmopolitan. 
Platynereis dumerilii (AUDOUIN and MILNE EDWARDS, 1834). 
Nereis dumerili BIDENKAP 1895, p. 86. 
Platynereis dumerilii HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 209-211, fig. 68. 
Material examined. ZF7 (2). 
P. dumerilii has homogomph falcigers in the notopodia. The tip of the appen- 
dage of each falciger is strongly curved and is connected to the basal part of the 
appendage by a delicate fiber like a carabin-hook. 
Distribution. P. dumerilii has an extended circumtropical distribution; its presence in a 
deep Norwegian fjord may indicate an influx of warmer waters at depth. 
Family Nephtyidae 
Nephtys incisa MALMGREN, 1865 
Nephtys incisa BIDENKAP 1895, p. 75; FAUCHALD 1963, pp. 15-16, figs Ih, 2c, 3b; HARTMANN- 
SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 217-218, fig. 70 d-e. 
Material examined. 64-53 (1); 25-56 (1); 46-56 (fragment); 57-56 (2); 67-56 (2) 
18-57 (1) ; 19-57 (2) ; 24-57 (1) ; 25-57 (1) ; 27-58 (1) ; 30-58 (2) ; 46-58 (2) ; 74-58 (1) ; 75-58 (1) 
77-58 (1) ; 98-58 (1) ; 113-58 (3) ; 34-63 (1) ; 35-63 (3) ; 36-63 (4) ; 38-63 (4) ; 40-63 (1) ; 16-64 (1) 
20-64 (1); 6-65 (7); 7-65 (2); 9-65 (1) ZF85 (1); ZF89 (6). 
N. incisa has conical acicular lobes and the other parapodial lobes barely 
project beyond the acicular lobes in median setigers. 
Distribution. N. iruisa is known from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean in relatively shallow 
water; it also penetrates to the greatest depths in the Norwegian fjords and is one of the most 
common polychaetes in these bottoms (FAUCHALD 1972a, pp. 94-95). 
Nephtys paradoxa MALM, 1874 
Nephtysparadoxa BIDENKAP 1895, p. 74; FAUCHALD, 1963, pp. 13-15, figs la, 2b, 3c; HARTMANN- 
SCHR?DER 1971, p. 214. 
Material examined. 43-56 (1); 63-56 (1); 27-57 (1); 32-57 (4); 5-58 (1); 36-58 (1); 
98-58 (fragment); 101-58 (fragment); 104-58 (2); 113-58 (2); 7-59 (1); 36-63 (2); 5-64 (1); 
16-64 (l);9-65 (1); 11-65 (1). 
N. paradoxa is the only species of the genus reported from European waters that 
has foli?se interramal cirri. 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 15 
Distribution. A'^. paradoxa is widely distributed geographically, but appears to be limited to 
cold water regions. In tropical waters it has been reported from deep water only, whereas in boreal 
regions it is also known from shallow subtidal areas. 
Family Sphaerodoridae 
Sphaerodorum gracilis (RATHKE 1843) 
Ephesia gracilis BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 92-93. 
Sphaerodorum gracilis FAUCHALD 1974, pp. 278-279, fig. 4. 1-5. 
Material  examined. 67-56 (1); 31-58 (1); 95-58 (1). 
The sphacrodorids were recently reviewed by FAUCHALD (1974). The present 
specimens do not differ from S. gracilis as defined on that occasion. The speci- 
mens are all rather large and one (Stn 31-58) is a female with large oocytes in 
the body cavity. 
Distribution. S.gracilis has a reported wide distribution (cfr. HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, 
p. 225) but as indicated by FAUCHALD (1974) the species has been confused with other, similar 
species on several occasions. 
Family Onuphidae 
Nothria conchylega (SARS, 1835) 
Onuphis conchylega BIDENKAP 1895, pp. 91-93; FAUVEL 1923, pp. 415^17, fig. 164 (? partim). 
Nothria conchylega FAUCHALD 1968, pp. 20-21, pi. 5, figs i-n. 
Material  examined. 63-56 (1). 
N. conchylega may liave been confused with other, similar .species, probably 
because several species have similar tubes, which in this case may have been the 
overriding character in identifying the species rather than the morphology of the 
animal itself. It appears that the species as described by FAUVEL (1923) may include 
several species, but tliis cannot be determined without recourse to material from all 
geographical areas mentioned by FAUVEL. The tube is flattened and is covered 
externally by shells and shell-fragments. The Norwegian material from near the 
area where the type was collected, was reviewed and distinguished from Eastern 
Pacific forms by FAUCHALD (1968). 
Distribution. N. conchylega appears limited to the Atlantic Ocean in relatively shallow 
water in mixed bottoms. 
Nothria fiordica, new species 
Fig. 1 
Material  examined.   22-56 (42); 25-56 (100, Type-lot, hololype: Zoological Museum, 
Bergen, No. 55 040; paralypes:   Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 55 041, and Allan Hancock 
Foundation No. Poly. 1120) ; 41-56 (1) ; 43-56 (8) ; 44-56 (10) ; 46-56 (3) ; 48-56 (72) ; 54-56 (15) 
57-56(5); 63-56(1); 65-56(4); 66-56(4); 67-56(4); 2-57(10); 17-57(9); 18-57(8); 19-57(1) 
24-57 (3); 25-57 (6); 32-57 (20); 5-58 (2); 27-58(1); 31-58 (4); 32-58 (7); 33-58 (10); 36-58(1) 
16 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
38-58 (6); 46-58 (12); 57-58 (2); 77-58 (21); 95-58 (12); 98-58 (2); 99-58 (17); 110-58 (1); 
113-58 (2); 20-61 (1); 24-63 (19); 25-63 (9); 26-63 (12); 31-63 (24); 32-63 (1); 35-63 (12); 
38-63 (4) ; 41-63 (4) ; 43-63 (2) ; 44-63 (8) ; 45-63 (2) ; 46-63 (2) ; 48-63 (2) ; 49-63 (6) ; 2-64 (13) ; 
3-64(1); 15-64(18); 16-64 (5) ; 20-64 (23); 1-65 (70); 2-65 (4); 6-65 (2) ; 7-65 (1); 8-65 (2); 
11-65 (3); 15-65 (1); 16-65 (11); ZF46 (1); ZF56 (1); ZF64 (1); ZF89 (2). 
The holotype is an incomplete specimen with 105 setigers that is 43 mm long 
and 1.1 mm wide without setae. The body is slender; the anterior part is cylindri- 
cal and the median and posterior parts are dorsally flattened. Most specimens were 
contained in thin-walled tubes covered externally by a layer of black mud. 
Females with large oocytes in the body-cavity were present in Stn 25-63. 
The small prostomium (Fig. IB, F) is slightly wider than long and is somewhat 
excavate on the dorsal side. The short frontal antennae are ovoid. The five occipi- 
tal tentacles are arranged so that they are directed forwards when the animal is 
retracted into the tube. Each of the outer lateral tentacles has a short, biarticulated 
ceratophore and a short, cl?vate style that does not reach beyond the posterior 
margin of the peristomium. Each of the inner lateral tentacles has a ceratophore 
with four articles of which the outermost one is as long as the inner three together. 
The ceratostyle is slender and reaches the anterior margin of setiger 5. The median 
tentacle has three articles in the ceratophore of which the outermost one is as long 
as the two others together; the ceratostyle is slightly shorter than the inner lateral 
ones. 
The peristomium is as long as the first setiger and has a pair of short, cl?vate 
peristomial cirri near the anterior margin. These cirri barely reach beyond the 
frontal margin of the peristomium. The palps are directed transversely and reach 
laterally beyond the prostomium. Branchiae are absent. 
The first four parapodia differ only in the relative proportions of the different 
parts. Each (Fig. ID) has a low, transverse presetal lobe, a somewhat higher, 
truncate acicular lobe, and a long, cl?vate postsetal lobe. The dorsal cirrus is 
penetrated by a few notopodial acicula and has a distinct cirrophore. The ventral 
cirrus is as long as the distal part of the dorsal cirrus ; it is cl?vate. 
The dorsal cirrus becomes shorter and more slender in posterior setigers and 
the ventral cirrus is pad-shaped from setiger 5. The postsetal lobes become 
gradually reduced in setigers 5-10 and are low, transverse folds in all more 
posterior setigers. 
Each of the four first parapodia has four or five tridentate pseudocomposite 
hooded hooks. The hoods are long and pointed in all hooks. The distal tooth of 
each hook (Fig. IE) is twice as large as the other teeth; all teeth are distally 
rounded. Posterior setigers have limbate, pointed setae and slender pectinate setae 
in addition to the subacicular hooks. Each pectinate seta (Fig. lA) is distally 
slightly oblique and has between twenty-five and thirty fine teeth. Subacicular 
hooks are present from setiger 16; each (Fig. K) has a slender distal tooth and a 
thick subdistal one. 
No. 57 KRRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 17 
Fig. 1. Nothriafiordica, new species. A. Pectinate seta, 950 X . B. Anterior end, ventral view, 25 X . 
C. Subacicular hook, 385 X . D. Second parapodium, anterior view, 95 x . E. Pseudocomposite 
seta, 950 X . F. Anterior end, dorsal view, 25 X. 
The pharyngeal apparatus was everted in several specimens (Fig. IB). Maxilla 
I is falcate ; left maxilla II has seven teeth of which the three distalmost ones are 
larger than the others and spread rather far apart, appearing like three fangs. 
Right maxilla II has nine teeth, evenly spaced and of the same size. Left maxilla 
III has seven teeth, left maxilla IV has six. The combined right maxilla III and IV 
has seven teeth. Each maxilla V has one tooth. 
18 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
N. fiordica belongs to the small group of species of Nothria that lack branchiae 
completely. Species in this group were reviewed by FAUCHALD (1968, p. 27). 
N. fiordica resembles A^. notialis (MONRO 1930, pp. 129-131, fig. 48) and A^. 
pygidialis FAUCHALD (1968, pp. 26-27, pi. 7, figs, f-m) in that these three species 
have exclusively tridentate hooded hooks in the anterior setigers. 
N. fiordica has all teeth of the same length in the hooded hooks and the pecti- 
nate setae have between twenty-five and thirty teeth. N. notialis and N. pygidialis 
have approximately ten teeth in the pectinate setae and the size of the teeth in the 
hooded hooks is distinctly decreasing from the distal to the proximal one. 
Distribution. N.fiordica is very common in the Hardangerfjorden and will probably turn 
out to be quite common in deep muddy bottoms in other Norwegian fjords. 
Onuphis quadricuspis SARS, 1873 
Onuphis quadricuspis SARS 1873, pp. 16-22, pi. 15, figs 7-19; BIDENKAP 1895, p. 83; FAUVEL 1923, 
pp. 418^19, fig. 165 f-p; PETTIBO.NE 1963, pp. 249-250, fig. 65b. 
Material examined. 48-56 (3) ; 65-56 (4) ; 72-56 (1); 32-57 (14); 5-58 (1); 30-58 (2) ; 
31-58 (1); 33-58 (3); 46-58 (6); 57-58 (2); 74-58 (1); 77-58 (7); 80-58 (3); 95-58 (1); 113-58 
(1); 1-65(1);ZF89(1). 
0. quadricuspis resembles N. fiordica in that both have slender mud-walled tubes, 
but the two species differ in most other respects. 0. quadricuspis has distinctly 
pectinate branchiae; the anterior parapodia differ completely in structure and the 
whole animal is considerably stouter than N. fiordica. The tubes of the adult 
animals arc about twice as thick as those of N. fiordica. 
Distribution. O. quadricuspis has been reported from north Atlantic areas and may be 
limited to this ocean. 
Onuphis, species indeterminable 
Material  examined. 64?53 (fragment); 75-58 (posterior fragment). 
These fragments cannot be further identified ; they appear in general propor- 
tions to differ from 0. quadricuspis. 
Family Eunicidae 
Eunice dubitatus, new species 
Fig. 2 
Material examined. 13-59 (3, hololype and paratypes. Zoological Museum, Bergen, 
Nos 55042, 55043); ZF89 (2). 
The type is an incomplete specimen with 114 setigers that is 130 mm long and 
6 mm wide without setae. The cuticle is strongly iridescent. All specimens have 
been badly preserved and color patterns cannot be identified. A pair of black eyes 
is on the prostomium at the base of the inner lateral occipital antennae. 
The short prostomium is anteriorly deeply cleft. The occipital antennae are 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 19 
irregularly articulated with from five to nine articles, depending on the length of 
each antenna. The median antenna is the longer, reaching sctiger 3; the inner 
lateral ones reach setiger 2 and the outer lateral ones barely beyond the second 
peristomial rings. The first peristomial ring is about three times as long as the 
prostomium and more than twice as long as the second peristomial ring which is 
about as long as the normal body-segments. The articulated peristomial cirri reach 
to the frontal margin of the first peristomial rings. 
The acicular lobes o? the parapodia appear similar in all setigers; each is 
bluntly rounded. A low transverse presetal lobe is present in anterior setigers and 
a rounded postsetal lobe may be made out in some setigers; the exact shape cannot 
be determined since the specimens are badly preserved. 
Branchiae are present from the third setiger in the type and from setigers 3 or 4 
in the other specimens. The maximal number of branchial filaments is three in 
the type and four in the other specimens; each branchia is short and does not 
project beyond the long dorsal cirrus. Each dorsal cirrus has about three long, 
cylindrical articles. Branchiae are absent posterior to setiger 39 in the type and 
setigers 37-45 in the other specimens. The maximal number of branchiated setigers 
appears related to the size of the specimen. 
Setae include bidentate hooded hooks in all setigers; each hook (Fig. 2E) has 
a short appendage with well developed distal and proximal teeth; the proximal 
tooth is nearly at right angles to the long axis of the appendage. The hoods are 
delicately dentate along the cutting edge. Limbate setae are present in most 
setigers; under high magnification they appear pilose. Pectinate setae (Fig. 2B) 
have unequal margins and approximately nine or ten sharply pointed teeth. 
Subacicular hooks are present from setigers 31-39, depending on the size of the 
specimen (from setiger 38 in the type). Each hook (Fig. 2C, D) is black and distally 
bidentate (worn in most specimens and may appear unidentate). Where fully 
developed, each hook appears nearly bifid with both teeth pointing distad; the 
hooks arc abruptly tapering towards the tip. Acicula are black; each is distally 
slightly bent, and has a conical tip. 
The jaw-apparatus (seen in dissection) is well developed. The mandibles 
(Fig. 2F) are anteriorly strongly calcified and are fused along the medial anterior 
third of their length. The maxillary carriers (Figs. 2A) are posteriorly rounded. 
Maxilla I is falcate, maxilla II has six teeth on each side. Left maxilla II has eight 
teeth; left maxilla IV has six teeth. The combined right maxilla III and IV has 
eight teeth. Maxilla V has one tooth on each side and a small plate is present 
distal to maxilla V on each side. 
E. dubitatus resembles E. oerstedi STIMPSON (1853) as this species was interpreted 
by MCINTOSH (1885, p. 273-275, pi. 38, figs 1-2, pi. 19A, figs 14-15). The name 
E. oerstedi has also been used in a different sense by FAUVEL (1914, pp. 143-145, 
pi. 10, figs 5-10, repeated in 1923, p. 405, fig. 159 a-d). FAUVEL'S species differs 
from MCINTOSH'S in the number of teeth on the different jaw-plates. 
20 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
Fig. 2. Eunice dubitatus, new species. A. Maxillary apparatus, dorsal view, 10 X . B. Pectinate seta, 
950 X .  C. Subacicular hook, 160 x .  D. Subacicular hook, 160 x .  E. Composite seta, 385 x . 
F. Mandibles, dorsal view, 10 X. 
STIMPSON'S original description (1853, pp. 34-35) is incomplete and it is not 
known exactly what his specimens looked like. 
The present specimens differ from those described by MGINTOSH in that the 
numbers of teeth on the different jaw-plates is different. The maxillary formula of 
E. oerstedi sensu MCINTOSH can be summarized as follows : max.  1: 1 +1, max. II 
6 + 6, left max. Ill: 8, left max. IV: 9, right max. III-IV: 12-13 and max. V 
I + l. E. dubitatus has: max. I: 1 + 1, max. II: 6 + 6, left max. Ill: 8, left max. IV 
6, right max. III-IV : 8 and max. V : 1 +1. A plate is present anterior to maxilla V 
in both species (called maxilla VI by MCINTOSH). 
Major differences are in the structure of maxilla IV on the left side; this piece 
has only six teeth in the present species and nine in MCINTOSH'S species. Especially 
noticeable is the difference in numbers in the combined right maxillae III and IV. 
E. dubitatus has only eight teeth in this piece; MCINTOSH'S .species has 12-13. The 
low number of teeth in the combined right plate in E. dubitatus is rather rare in the 
genus, and is paralleled by a similar low number of teeth in the specimens reported 
as E. oerstedi by FAUVEL (1914) from the Azores and near Monaco. 
MCINTOSH (1885, p. 273) compared his E. oerstedi with a specimen he referred 
to as E. norvegica from Bergen, Norway. This specimen cannot have been E. 
norvegica (LINNAEUS, 1767) since this latter species has branchiae along the whole 
length of the body starting at setigers 6-8 (see below). MCINTOSH'S specimen from 
No. 57 ERR,?VNT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 21 
Bergen had branchiae from setiger 3 hmited to a relatively short area in the ante- 
rior end. It is not clear from MCINTOSH'S comment that he examined the jaw- 
apparatus in this Norwegian specimen, but it is feasible that he had a specimen of 
E. dubitatus. 
As mentioned above, it is not known exactly what STIMPSON'S E. oerstedi looked 
like. McIntosh's material came from the same general area as STIMPSON'S; and 
MCINTOSH'S description is here assumed to be representative of STIMPSON'S species. 
The material here treated from western Norway differs from E. oerstedi sensu 
MCINTOSH and it is considered probable that E. dubitatus may turn out to be com- 
mon also further south in the Atlantic Ocean (FAUVEL 1914). 
Distribution. E. dubitatus is presently known only from two localities in deep water in 
Hardangerfjorden. It may have a wide distribution in deep water in the Atlantic Ocean. 
Eunice norvegica (LINNAEUS, 1767) 
Leodice norvegica BIDENKAP 1895, p. 87. 
Eunice norvegica HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, p. 250. 
Material  examined. 10-59 (7); 13-59 (54). 
E. norvegica has black, bidentate subacicular hooks present from setigers 23-41 
in the present material; the first occurrence seems to be related to the size of the 
specimens. Branchiae are first present from setigers 6-8 and are present to the last 
setigers. 
Distribution. E. norvegica is known from the northern Atlantic Ocean, probably on both 
sides. 
Eunice pennata (O. F. M?LLER, 1776) 
Eunice pennata HARTMANN-SCHR?DER 1971, pp. 250-252, fig. 83. 
Material examined. 4-56 (1); 43-56 (1); 57-56 (2); 67-56 (1) ; 72-56 (1) ; 26-58 (6) ; 
31-58 (3); 46-58 (1); 101-58 (3); 116-58 (1); 10-59 (21); 13-59 (2); 15-61 (1); 4-64 (26); 
ZF8 (4); ZF89 (10). 
E. pennata has yellow, bidentate subacicular hooks. The first hooks are on 
setigers 29-39 in the present material. Branchiae are first present from setiger 3 in 
all eighty specimens and terminate at setigers 35-45. Most specimens have the last 
branchiae on setigers 35-45. There thus appears to be a limited variation in this 
character in the material from Hardangerfjorden compared to the variation usual- 
ly attributed to this species. The numbers of branchiae and first occurrence of 
subacicular hooks appear related to the size of the specimen. 
Distribution. E. pennata has been reported from widely scattered areas in the Atlantic 
Ocean from the Arctic to the Antarctic. The differing reports on the variability in the species may 
indicate that more than one species is involved in the present concept. 
Eunice, species indeterminable 
Material  examined. 31-58 (1); 35-63 (1). 
22 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
These two anterior ends have so few setigers that the distribution of subacicular 
hooks and branchiae could not be determined. They do not appear to differ 
markedly from other eunicids found in the area. 
Family Lumbrineridae 
Lumbrimris agastos, new species 
Fig. 3 
Material   examined. 57-56 (1); 31-58 (1, holotype. Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 
55 044); 4-64 (1); ZF7 (1, paratype, Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 55 045). 
The type is an incomplete specimen with 63 setigers that is 30 mm long and 
3.5 mm wide. The body is cylindrical; it is tan-colored and lacks color patterns. 
The short prostomium (Figs 3A, D) is conical; the two peristomial rings are 
together as long as the prostomium, seen from the dorsal side. The first peristomial 
ring is twice as long as the second one. Ventrally, the first peristomial ring forms 
parts of the ventrolateral lips and the second ring forms the medioposterior 
part of the ventral lip. All lips are deeply creased. 
Anterior parapodia have bluntly conical acicular lobes and very wide, broadly 
rounded, flattened presetal lobes (Fig. 3B). The thick postsetal lobes are triangular 
and are held straight out from the body. Notopodial rudiments are present in 
most setigers and are visible externally as small buttons at the bases of the neuro- 
podia. Posterior parapodia (Fig. 3H) have similarly shaped acicular lobes and the 
presetal lobes retain their broadly rounded shape, but are slightly oblique dorsad. 
The postsetal lobes are triangular and are tilted dorsad, but are no longer than in 
anterior setigers. 
Acicula are black. Setae include composite hooded hooks in the first twenty 
setigers and simple hooks in more posterior setigers, in addition to geniculate 
simple setae in the first fifty setigers. Each composite hook (Fig. 3E) has a very 
long, slender appendage and a crest of one large and seven smaller teeth. The 
simple hooks (Fig. 3G) are similar, but are larger and the distal teeth are truncate. 
The hoods are finely pilose (omitted in illustration). 
The mandibles (Fig. 3C) are fused for more than one-half of their total length. 
The posterior ends are very slender and the sides are straight forming a broad 
triangle anteriorly. The maxillary formula is 1-4?2-1. The maxillary carriers 
(Fig. 3F) are short and have a deep external excavation. 
The specific name, meaning wonderful or admirable, refers to the fact that 
this is a rather nice looking lumbrinerid. 
L. agastos belongs to group IBb2 as the groupings of species in this genus were 
defined by FAUCHALD (1970, p. 213). Other species in this group that have black 
acicula include L. jap?nica (MARENZELLER 1879, pp. 137-139, pi. 5, fig. 3), L. 
grandis (TREADWELL 1906, pp. 1170-1171, figs 52-56) and L. index (MOORE 1911, 
pp. 288-289, pi. 19, figs 119-127). Of these, L. index has prolonged parapodial 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 23 
Fig. 3. Lumbrineris agostos, new species. A. Anterior end, dorsal view, 16.5 X . B. Sixth parapodium, 
anterior view, 51.5 X . C. Mandibles, 25 X . D. Anterior end, ventral view, 16.5 x . E. Composite 
seta, 950 x . F. Maxillary apparatus, 25 X . G. Simple hook, 950 X . H. Parapodium 58, anterior 
view, 51.5 X. 
lobes in posterior sctigers, the other three, including L. agaslos, have short lobes in 
all setigers. L. agastos has distinct, broadly rounded presetal lobes in all setigers 
examined; such lobes are absent in L. grandis and L. jap?nica. The shape of the 
mandibles is distinctly different in all four species. 
Distribution. L. agastos is known from four localities in Hardangerfjorden, western Nor- 
way. 
24 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sanaa 
Lumbrineris aniara, new species 
Fig. 4 
L. latreilli FAUCHALD 1972a, p. 96 (not AUDOUIN & MILNE EDWARDS 1834). 
Material examined. 22-56 (2) ; 43-56 (1); 63-56 (2) ; 65-56 (1); 66-56 (2); 18-57 (4); 
19-57 (1); 32-57 (10) ; 5-58 (2) ; 13-58 (1) ; 33-58 (2) ; 36-58 (1) ; 46-58 (1) ; 57-58 (4) ; 98-58 (l)i 
110-58 (5, holotype. Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 55 046; paratypes, Zoological Museum, 
Bergen, No. 55 047 and Allan Hancock Foundation, Los Angeles, No. Poly 1121); 35-63 (1); 
36-?3 (3); 40-63 (1); 44-63 (1); 1-65 (1); 7-65 (3); 8-65 (3). 
The type is an incomplete specimen with 133 setigers that is 37 mm long and 
1.5 mm wide without setae. It is evenly salmon-colored and lacks color patterns. 
The slender body is cylindrical. 
The prostomium (Fig. 4A, H) is rounded conical and appears somewhat 
inflated. The two peristomial rings are nearly fused dorsally and the separation is 
visible only as a faint line. Ventrally the first peristomial ring forms the large, 
folded ventral lip as a separate, nearly triangular piece. The second peristomial 
ring is very narrow ventrally. Dorsally, both peristomial rings are about as long 
as the first setiger. 
Anterior parapodia (Fig. 4D) are bluntly conical and have short, triangular 
postsetal lobes; posterior parapodia (Fig. 4E) are somewhat more distinctly 
conical and the postsetal lobes are slightly narrower. Prolonged posterior lobes 
are absent. 
Acicula are yellow. The first thirteen or fourteen setigers have composite 
hooded hooks with short, thick appendages; more posterior setigers have simple 
hooks. Each composite hook (Fig. 4C) has a crest of about twenty teeth; a main 
fang cannot be distinguished. Each simple hook (Fig. 4G) has a small main fang 
and a crest of about twelve teeth. The hoods, both in the simple and composite 
hooks, are externally covered with long, slender hairs especially near the base of 
the hoods (omitted in the drawing of the composite hook). 
The slender mandibles (Fig. 4F) are very long and are fused along most of 
their lengths; the posterior ends diverge only slightly. The maxillary formula is 
1-5-1-1 and the maxillary carriers (Fig. 4B) are long and slender with indistinctly 
marked exterior excavations. 
The specific name, meaning troublesome or annoying, refers to the fact that 
species resembling L. latreilli (AUDOUIN & MILNE EDWARDS) have given the poly- 
chaete specialists considerable head-aches. 
L. aniara belongs to group IBbl as the groups were defined by FAUCHALD 
(1970). It resembles L. oxychaeta GRAVIER (1900, pp. 275-278. pi. 14, figs 96-98, 
textfigs 148-153) and L. quinquedentata KINBERG (1865, p. 568; see also HARTMAN, 
1944, p. 140) in that all three species have similar maxillary formulas. L. quinque- 
dentata, described from Argentina, is very poorly known, and was characterized as 
indeterminable by HARTMAN (1948, p. 7). 
No. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 25 
Fig. 4. Lumbrineris aniara, new species. A. Anterior end, dorsal view, 50 X . B. Maxillary apparatus, 
50 X. C. Composite seta, 950 X. D. Anterior parapodium, anterior view, 95 X . E. Posterior 
parapodium, anterior view, 95 X . F. Mandibles, 50 x . G. Simple hook, 950 X . H. Anterior end, 
ventral view, 50 x . 
L. oxychaeta ha,s long pointed hoods in a number of the anterior composite 
hooks; all hoods are bluntly rounded in L. aniara. 
Distribution. L. aniara may be quite common in Norwegian fjords; the present records are 
from Hardangerfjorden, but it has also been taken in Sognefjorden (FAUCHALD 1972) and appears 
to be present also in the fjords near Bergen (unpublished records of T. Brattegard, K. Rasmussen, 
and P. Hovgaard, Biological Station, Espegrend). 
26 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
Lumbrineris scopa, new species 
Fig. 5 
Material examined. 22-56 (1); 25-56 (3); 43-56 (3); 44-56 (1); 48-56 (1); 57-56 (2); 
?66-56 (8) ; 67-56 (3) ; 3-57 (4) ; 17-57 (4) ; 18-57 (6) ; 25-57 (2) ; 32-57 (2) ; 5-58 (5) ; 13-58 (1) ; 
33-58 (2); 36-58 (2); 38-58 (3); 46-58 (6); 57-58 (2); 74-58 (1); 75-58 (2); 77-58 (4); 95-58 
(11); 98-58 (1); 110-58 (5); 113-58 (8); 24-63 (6); 26-63 (11); 31-63 (1); 35-63 (3, holotype. 
Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 55 048, paratjpes. Zoological Museum, Bergen, No. 55 049) ; 
36-63 (1); 38-63 (3); 2-64 (1); 5-64 (1); 15-?4 (2); 16-64 (3); 20-64 (2); 1-65 (7); 2-65 (5); 
7-65 (2); 11-65 (2); 16-65 (1); ZF85 (1). 
The type is a complete specimen with 180 setigers that is 50 mm long and 2 mm 
wide without setae. It is light salmon-colored and lacks color patterns. The posteri- 
or end has four short, tapering anal cirri. The posterior part of the body is encased 
in a thin tube made of a tough membrane covered sparsely with sand-grains. 
The prostomium (Figs 5A, C) is pointed conical and considerably narrower 
than the rest of the anterior end. The first peristomial segment is nearly twice as 
long as the second one and is as wide as the widest part of the body. The first 
parapodial segment is incomplete ventrally and the second barely reaches the 
ventral mid-line. 
Anterior parapodia (Fig. 5G) are broadly rounded with a short, rounded 
postsetal lobe. Median parapodia have the acicular lobes slightly more pointed 
and the postsetal lobes are shorter. In far posterior setigers, including the last 
twenty setigers, the postsetal lobes (Fig. 5F) become abruptly elongated and are 
directed dorsad. They contain a vascular loop. 
Acicula are yellow. The anterior twenty parapodia have bilimbate, pointed 
setae only. Simple hooded hooks are present from approximately setiger 20; each 
hook (Fig. 5D) is slender and has a very small main fang surmounted by a crest 
of approximately ten slender pointed teeth. The hood is bluntly rounded and is 
basally thickly pilose. 
The mandibles (Fig. 5E) are very wide compared to their length; they are 
fused over their greatest length; the posterior ends are abruptly diverging. The 
maxillary formula is 1-5-1-1. Maxilla IV has a very large base plate and the tooth 
proper appears jointed to this plate (Fig. 5B). The maxillary carriers are very short 
and wide with a distinct excavations on the outer edges. 
The specific name refers to the stiff twig-like appearance of this organism when 
encased in its tube. 
L. scopa belongs to group Ilbl. Other species in this group that have hooded 
hooks starting from a median setiger include L. bassi HARTMAN (1944, pp. 150-151, 
pi. I0,figs217-223), L.ehlersiivar. tenuisetisMCINTOSH (1885,pp.253-254,pl.37,fig. 
9,pl.l8A,fig. 12,textfigs20-22),Z.moor?HARTMAN(1942a,pp.ll6-118,figs.l2a-b 
andg), and L. tenuis VERRILL (1873, p. 594, see also HARTMAN, 1942b, p. 54). 
L. scopa differs from these species in a set of characters. L. moorei and L. tenuis 
lack prolonged lobes in the posterior setigers, such lobes are present in L. bassi and 
L. scopa; it is not known whether such lobes are present in L. ehlersii var. tenuisetis. 
Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 27 
Fig. 5. Lumbrineris scopa, new species. A. Anterior end, dorsal view, 25 X . B. Maxillary apparatus, 
62.5 X . C. Anterior end, ventral view, 25 X. D. Simple hook, 950 X . E. Mandibles, 62.5 X . 
F. Far posterior parapodium, posterior view, 95 X .  G. anterior parapodium, anterior view, 95 X . 
L. bassi has four teeth on maxilla II and the maxillary carriers are long and 
slender as are the manibles. L. scope has five teeth on maxilla II, the maxillary 
carriers are short and wide and the mandibles are short. 
L. ehlersii var. tenuisetis is poorly known, but differs from L. scopa in that the 
maxillary carriers are long and slender and the mandibles are slender in the for- 
mer and short in the latter. 
Distribution. L. scopa is known from all parts of HardangerfJordan in depths greater than 
200 m. 
28 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Saraia 
Family Arabellidae 
Drilonereis brattstroemi FAUCHALD 1972 
Drilonereis brattstroemi FAUCHALD 1972, pp. 96-97, fig. 2F. 
Material examined. 22-56 (1); 57-56 (1); 32-57 (1); 31-58 (1); 57-58 (5); 95-58 (1); 
44-63 (l);2-64 (2). 
The present specimens agree with D. brattstroemi as originally described. The 
specimens are dark yellow with pigmented areas on each segment. 
One of the specimens from Stn 57-58 was removed from the oral surface of a 
specimen of Brisaster fragilis (D?BEN and KOREN). Arabellids are known to be 
associated with other polychaetes as inquilines or parasites (PETTIBONE 1957), but 
have never been reported from echinoderms. The association may have been an 
accident of the sampling. 
Distribution. D. brattstroemi was described from deep water in Sognefjorden; the present 
records are from Hardangerfjorden in somewhat shallower depths. 
Drilonereis, species indeterminable 
Material  examined. 2-64. 
This large fragment cannot be further identified ; it is several times larger than 
any specimen of D. brattstroemi and probably belongs to a different species. 
FAUNAL COMPOSITION 
A preliminary faunal analysis using a computer program under development 
at the Allan Hancock Foundation by Mr. Robert W. Smith was undertaken. This 
program is an agglomerating, polythetic classification program, giving the corre- 
spondances between faunal and station groups in a two-way coincidence table. 
Jacard coefficients and group-average sorting were used (SMITH, personal 
communication). 
The program makes it possible to analyse for joint occurrences and for similari- 
ties in the faunal composition between stations. Because of the collecting techniques 
used, the absence of any species from a station does not demonstrate that the 
species does not (or did noi; at the time) occur at that location; thus only positive 
joint occurrences have been considered. It is impossible to quantify the occurrences 
of the different species at the stations because of inconsistencies in sampling and 
processing procedures. 
The preliminary analysis has demonstrated that there are two distinct deep- 
water elements in the fjord, each associated with a distinct bottom type. Two 
other faunal elements appear associated in the main with shallower water, each 
also representing a different bottom type. 
No. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 29 
By far the greatest number of species is associated with the deep muddy bot- 
toms. These include Antionella plumosa, Aphrodita aculeata, Drilonereis brattstroemi, 
Eucranta villosa, Eunice pennata, Harmothoe antilopes, H. imbricata, Laetmonice filicornis, 
Lumbrineris aniara, L. scopa, Macellicephala mirabilis, Nephtys incisa, N. paradoxa, 
Nolhria fiordica, Onuphis quadricuspis, Sphaerodorum gracilis, Sthenelais atl?ntica, and 
Shtenolepis tetr?gono. Included in this list are several species known to be widespread 
in shallow water in western Norway (e.g., Aphrodita aculeata and Harmothoe imbri- 
cata). The method of analysis cannot resolve the possibility that more species have 
this distribution since the shallow-water material has not yet been treated. 
The other group appears characteristic of hard-bottoms in the deeper part of 
the fjord and includes Eunice dubitatus, E. norvegica, Eunoe nodosa, Lagisca exten?ala, 
and Haplosyllis spongicola. Again, some members of this list may be common in 
shallow water, especially those that are geographically widespread such as Eunoe 
nodosa and Haplosyllis spongicola. Members of this fauna are mainly associated with 
the deep ahermatypic coral reefs (TAMBS-LYCHE 1958). 
The final two species groups are associated mainly with the shallower stations 
included in this study. Only stations taken deeper than 200 m were treated, 
including some marginally relevant stations. Most of the species listed below have 
been mainly found on these stations. One group of these species is found on 
rocky bottoms including Alentia gelatinosa, Lumbrineris agostos. Nereis pel?gica, 
Notophyllum foliosum, Paranaitis kosteriensis, and Typosyllis hyalina. Another group of 
species appears only in gravelly, sandy, and muddy bottoms including Nereimyra 
punctata, Ophiodromus flexuosus, and Paramphinome pulchella. 
The station analysis does not indicate that there are any great geographical 
differences between soft-bottom stations within the fjord. The distribution of the 
hard-bottom fauna is associated with the distribution of deep coral reefs in the 
fjord as mentioned above (TAMBS-LYCHE 1958). 
The present analysis is at best preliminary; the rest of the material from the 
fjord, both deep and shallow, will have to be worked up before any analysis can be 
completed. At that, such an analysis will be suggestive rather than conclusive due 
to the quality of the material. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
I am grateful to Dr. Hans O. Brattstr?m for allowing me to work on this material and for his 
hospitality during a stay at Espegrend in 1972. Taxonomic problems were discussed with Dr. Olga 
Hartman and with students at the Allan Hancock Foundation. Without this input, the study would 
have been even less complete than it is now. 
30 KRISTIAN FAUCHALD Sarsia 
REFERENCES 
BERGSTR?M, E., 1914. Zur Systematik des Polychaeten Familie der Phyllodociden. Zool. Bidr. 
Upps. 3:37-224. 
BiDENKAP, O., 1894. Diagnose af tre nye Annulata Polychaeta. Forh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania, 
1894 (3): 1-6 (Reprints issued on 11 May, 1894). 
? 1895. Systematisk oversigt over Norges Annulata Polychaeta. Ibid., 1894 (10) :1-142. 
ELIASON, A., 1962. Die Polychaeten der Skagerak Expedition 1933. Zool. Bidr. Upps. 33:207-293. 
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Nr. 57 ERRANT POLYCHAETES FROM HARDANGERFJORDEN 3 1 
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Received 22 December 1973 
Printed 20 December 1974