Contents Page Introduction 173 Historical consideration 173 Economic consideration 175 Geographical distribution 175 Morphological characters 176 Taxonoraic position 178 Systematic treatment 179 Key to species and varieties 179 Excluded and doubtful taxa 196 Collections of Nissolia cited 198 Index 204 Figures Page 1, Geographic distribution of the genus Nissotia 176 2, Geographic distribution of Nissolia hintonii, N* kirsuta, N* laxior, N. leiogyne, N. montanat N> platycalyx, N. platycarpat JV. pringleit N. schottii> AT. setosa, and N+ wislizenii 183 3, Geographic distribution of Nissolia fruticosa 194 in A REVISION OF THE GENUS NISSOLIA BY VELVA E. RUDD Introduction Nissolia is a genus of papilionaceous legumes characterized by jointed fruits, or loments, with the terminal article expanded, flat, and winglike. The plants are slender vines, more or less woody climbers or, in one species, prostrate herbs. The genus is known only from the New World, from southern Arizona and Texas southward to Argen- tina and Paraguay. Some 65 species have been ascribed to Nissoliaf most of which have since been transferred to other genera. The present paper retains 12 species, one of which is divided into two varieties. Eleven taxa have been reduced to synonymy and 42 are excluded from the genus or cannot be placed satisfactorily. In addition to the material at the U. S. National Museum (US), specimens from herbaria of the following institutions have been con- sulted: Arnold Arboretum (A), Gray Herbarium of Harvard Univer- sity (GH), U, S. National Arboretum (NA), New York Botanical Garden (NY), Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences (Ph), Uni- versity of California at Berkeley (UC), Instituto Botfinico, Ministerio de Argicultura y Crla, Caracas (Yen). Thanks are due the curators who made such material available. Abbreviations of herbarium names are those of the Index Herbariorum (Lanjouw and Stafleu, ed, 2, 1954). The maps presented in this paper are based on Goode Base Maps No. 201 HCW, copyright 1938 by the University of Chicago, and are used by permission of the University of Chicago Press. Historical consideration The name Nissolia, in honor of William Nissole, a French botanist (1647-1735), was originally used by Tournefort (InsL Rei Herb. 656, 1700) to segregate one species from Lathyrus, which he designated as Nissolia vulgaris. 173 174 RUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA Linnaeus did not recognize that generic separation, however. In the first edition of his "Species Plantarum" (729. 1753), as well as in subsequent editions, he cited that same taxon as Lathyrus nissolia. Miller (Gard. Diet, ed 4, 1754), following Tournefort, validated the genus Nissolia, and included three species, N. vulgaris, N. orientalis, and JV. americana. The first two are now placed in Lathyrus, and the other in Rhynchosia. Actually, Miller's specific names in this 1754 edition may be rejected as illegitimate because he did not consistently employ the Linnaean system of binary nomenclature. In his eighth edition (1768), where he first consistently used binomials, Miller re- ferred his species of Nissolia to Lathyrus. A second genus Nissolia was published by Jacquin (Enum. PI. Carib. 7. 1760). It was based on two species—N. fruiicosa, now con- sidered the type of the genus, and JV. arborea, later transferred to the genus Machaerium. Because the name Nissolia Jacq. was a later homonym of Nissolia Mill., it was proposed for conservation (Kew Bull. 1935: 440. 1935). The proposal was accepted by the Special Committee for Phancro- gamae and Pteridophyta appointed by the 6th International Botanical Congress, Amsterdam (1935), and Nissolia Jacq. was added to the list of Nomina Generica Conservanda (Kew Bull. 1940: 106. 1940). In the second edition of his "Species Plantarum" (992. 1763), Linnaeus adopted Jacquin's Nissolia, with its two species. Four additional species of Nissolia—N. quinata Aubl., N. punctata Poh\, JV. reticulata Poir., and JV. jerruginea Willd.—were published before 1807, when Persoon introduced his genus Machaerium (Syn. PL 2: 276.1807), based on these latter species. The two earlier species, JV. fruiicosa and JV. arborea, he retained in Nissolia. The next noteworthy consideration of Nissolia Jacq, was by de Candolle (Mem. Legum. 6: 269-273. 1825; Prodr. 2: 257-259. 1825). He preferred to maintain Machaerium as a section of the genus Nissolia until the species should be better known. For N. fruiicosa and two new species, N. hirsuta and N. racemosa, he proposed the sec- tion Nissolaria. Nissolia arborea and AT. glabrata he placed in another section, Gomezium. Five species "non satis notac" he left unplaced. His treatment included a total of 17 species ascribed to Nissolia. Vellozo (FL Flum. 295-299. 1825; Icon. 7: pis. 75-88. 1835) published descriptions and illustrations of 14 new species of Nissolia, but all have subsequently been transferred to other genera. Vogel (Linnaea 11: 177-204. 1837) returned Nissolia and Ma- chaerium to the status of separate genera, and believed that JV. arborea and JV. glabrata belonged to Machaerium. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 175 During the next 60 years 16 new species were assigned to Nissolia, only six of which remain in the genus as interpreted today. By 1899, when Rose published his "Synopsis of the North American Species of Nissolia" (Contr, IL S, Nat, Herb. 5: 157-163. 1899), references to some 50 species were to be found in the botanical literature. By ex- cluding those species transferred to other genera, reducing three species to synonymy within Nissolia, and adding six new species, Rose's treatment included only 12 species for the entire genus, plus two items that he was unable to place. Standley, in his "Trees and Shrubs of Mexico" (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 487-489. 1922), gave a rather complete resumd of Nissolia. His interpretation of the species differs somewhat from Rose's but is more in accord with this present treatment. Five species of Nissolia have been published since 1899, two by Sandwith, and one by J. Donnell Smith. Another taxon published by Smith, Machaerium verapazense Donn, Sm., has been recognized as identical with typical Nissolia fruticosa Jacq. A new genus, Pseudomachaerium Hassler, with one species, P. rojasianumt is refer- able to Nissolia fruticosa var, guatemalensis. Economic consideration The species of Nissolia seem never to form an important or conspicu- ous element of the vegetation, and scarce mention has been made of their economic uses. In El Salvador, Nissolia fruticosa Jacq., known locally as "hierba del tamagds," is said to be used as an antidote for bite of the "tama- gis," a snake (Standley & Calderon, PI. Salv., 115. 1927; data on label of plant specimen, Standley No. 19123), Nissolia fruticosa has also been listed among the fish-poison plants (Greshoff, Med. Lands PL 29: 53. 1900; Pittier, M. A. C. Serv, Bot. Bol. Teen. 5: 35, 1944) but apparently it is little used. Geographical distribution Nissolia is an American tropical and warm temperate genus ranging from southern Arizona and Texas southward to Argentina and Paraguay (fig, 1). It has not been reported from the Antilles nor from eastern South America, The greatest diversity of taxa is in Mexico, where all the known species are represented. Available collection data indicate that the species all are meso- phytes with rather similar ecological requirements and tolerances. Mostly the plants are cited as climbing on trees or clambering over 176 RUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA shrubs. The habitats mentioned suggest moist and open locations such as edges of woods, banks of gulleys, roadsides, forested hills and forested bluffs, lower slopes of mountains, bases of north-facing cliffs* chaparral slopes of canyons, arroyo margins, sandy valley floors, moist swales, or stream sides. As indicated by the maps and locality citations in connection with the species descriptions in this paper, one species, Nissolia fruticosa, is wide ranging, from Mexico to Argentina and Paraguay. The other \ H FIGURE L—Geographical distribution of the genus Nissolia, species of Nissolia are known only from Mexico or just across the border in southern Arizona or Texas, A few species are known solely from very limited areas. Morphological characters With the exception of Nissolia wislizenii, which is prostrate in habit, the species of Nissolia are all perennial climbing vines, some- times several meters long. The stems, usually numerous from a woody root, are herbaceous, becoming woody with age, subterete, striate, about 1-3 mm. in diameter. The surface may be glabrous or pubescent with more or less crispate, white hairs, and may be beset with yellowish, glandular setae. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 177 Stipules are paired, attached at the base, deltoid to lanceate, acute to attenuate, glabrous or pubescent, entire or glandular-denticulate, Stipels are lacking. Bud scales are deltoid, subglabrous to tomentulose. The leaves are pinnately 5-foliolate, or, in Nissolia platycalyx, sometimes 7-foIioIate. The axis, glabrous to pubescent, essentially like the stem, is about 2-10 cm. long, with the petiole comprising one-half to three-fourths the total length. The leaflets are elliptic to orbicular, obovate to obcordatc, or subrhombic, ranging in diam- eter from about 5 to 50 mm. The margin is entire in all species. The apex is mucronulate and obtuse to acute, or retuse. The base commonly is rounded but may be cuncato, truncate, or subcordate. The surfaces are mieropuncticulate, glabrous to densely pubescent. The venation is pinnate, the costa and a few secondary veins obvious, the others inconspicuous. The petiolules are pulvinate, about 1-2 mm. long. The inflorescences are axillary and, in most species, fasciculate. In others, the peduncle is elongated, producing a raceme or panicle. Sometimes the flowering branches are leafless, and with closely spaced fascicles present the appearance of elongated racemes. The bracts and stipules intergrade, the latter usually being slightly longer and more attenuate, Bracteoles, the pair of small bracts subtending the calyx, have been observed only in N. wislizenii, and there only occa- sionally. In all species there is an articulation at the base of the calyx. The bracteolcs, if present, occur immediately below that line and usually remain on the pedicel after the flowers or fruits are shed. The axis, like the stem, may be glabrous to pubescent, sometimes beset with glandular setae. The length and pubescence of the pedi- cels are approximately constant for most species, and are somewhat useful diagnostic characters. The flowers are relatively small. Measured from the articulation at the base of the calyx to the apex of the standard petal, they range from a minimum of 4 mm, long in Nissolia hirsuta to a maximum of 20 mm. long in N. platy calyx* The calyx is campanulate with five subequal lobes or truncate with the five nerves extended as subulate teeth. The tube may be gla- brous or pubescent, and in some species glandular setae are present. The basal portion of the tube, about 0,5-1 mm, long, is abruptly narrowed to essentially the diameter of the pedicel and within it all the floral parts appear to be more or less adnate. The corolla is papilionaceous, usually yellowish, occasionally almost tvhite, sometimes purplish or pinkish. Collection data are too scanty to indicate specific constancy. The standard, or vexillum, is the longest petal. It is spatulate, usually with a well developed claw; the blade is pubescent on the outer face. The keel and wings are 178 EUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA nearly as long as the standard, commonly less than 1 mm. shorter. They are clawed and glabrous or pubescent. Although the total flower length is a useful character, the petals otherwise are not particularly useful or convenient for species identification. There are 10 stamens, subequal, about as long as the keel. The filaments are free from the apex to about midlength, but below that they are united, forming a sheath that splits along the vexillar side as the fruit begins to develop* In many flowers one of the end filaments appears to be less firmly united than all the others, which suggests a tendency toward a diadelphous 9:1 arrangement. The anthers are dorsified and ellipsoidal, the longest scarcely 1 mm, long* The ovaries are 2-4-ovulate or, less commonly, 1-ovulate; they are subscssile or short-stipitate, glabrous in at least one species, pubescent in most. The style is glabrous, the stigma capitate. The fruits are samara-like, 2-5-articulate loments with the terminal joint sterile, flat, and winglike* Venation is usually prominent, with longitudinal costae and secondary reticulations* The fruit of most species is crisp-pubescent, and usually somewhat glabrate; one species has glabrous fruit, and a few are beset with glandular setae. The seeds are reniform, sublustrous, reddish brown, laterally com- pressed, with a small circular hilum. The inside of the pod is villous and a few hairs usually adhere to the seed coat, Apparently no chromosome counts of Nissolia have been published. Taxonomic position Nissolia is a genus of papilionaceous legumes, placed in the tribe Hedysareae because of its more or less jointed fruits. Taubert (in Engler and Prantl, Die Naturlichen Pflanzcnfamilien 3(3): 309. 1894) included Nissolia in his sub tribe Aeschynomeninae, a group charac- terized by stamens with filaments united to form a sheath or in two phalanges 5 :5. The other genera of this subtribe are: Aesckynomene, Amicia, Balisaea, Bryat Ckaelocalyx, Climatoraehis (=Aesckynomene), Cyclocarpa, Diphaca, Discolobium, Fiebrigiella, Geissaspis, Isodesmia, Pictetia, Poiretia, Pseudomachaerium (—Nissolia), Raimondianthus, Smithia, Soemmeringia, and Weberbauerella. Nissolia, unique because of its loments with a sterile, flattened, winglike terminal article, is most closely related to Chaetocalyx, whose fruits have articles all essentially equal. There appears to be inter- gradation through Nissolia wislizenii (originally published as Chaeto- calyx wislizeni), a species with the terminal article flat and sterile but scarcely larger than the fertile, basal articles. Several species of Nissolia have the calyx beset with glandular setae as is customary in Ckaetocalyx, Vegetatively the two genera are essentially identical. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 179 Systematic treatment Nissolia Nissolia Jacq, En urn. PL Carib. 7. 1760, nom, comer v,, non Nissolia [To urn,] MUL 1754. Pseudomachaerium Hassler, Bull. Herb. Boiss. II, 7: I, 1907, Climbing or prostrate vines, herbaceous or somewhat woody; leaves pinnately compound, 5- (or rarely 7-) foliolate; stipules lanceate to deltoid-ovate, attached at the base; inflorescences axillary, fasciculate or racemose, sometimes paniculate; flowers 5-merous; calyx campanu- late with five subequal teeth or lobes; petals papilionaceous, usually yellowish, sometimes white or purplish; stamens 10, the filaments united to form a sheath, which, at maturity, splits along the vexillar side; fruit a samara-like, 2-5-articulate loment, the terminal article sterile, fiat, and winglike; seeds reniform, laterally compressed, sub- lustrous, reddish brown, the hilum small, circular. The type of the genus is Nissolia fruticosa Jacq. Of the two species cited by Jacquin in the original description of Nissolia, N. fruticosa alone remains in the genus* The other species, N. arborea} has been transferred to Machaerium. In this paper, both in the key and in the text, the taxa are arranged in what I believe to be approximately a natural sequence; N. wislizenii is at one extreme, N< fruticosa at the other, and the intermediate species are placed with what seem to be their next of kin. Allowance must be made for the probability that evolutionary development within the genus has been reticulate rather than lineal. There is no one good distinguishing character for separating all the species. A few species arc essentially unique in at least one feature, which aids in their recognition. For example, Nissolia t&islizenii has but slight development of the sterile, terminal fruit article, and has leaflets that usually fold when disturbed; N. laxior has broad stipules, although in other respects it may be very similar to N. schoitii and N. montana; N. fruticosa has an elongated fruit stipe; N. setosa has attenuate, glandular-tipped calyx teeth. However, for identification of material in various stages of maturity, it is most satisfactory to utilize different combinations of characters such as flower length, calyx length and the ratio of length of calyx tube and calyx teeth, fruit stipe length, glandular development, and type of inflorescence. Key to species and varieties Terminal article of fruit scarcely larger than the fertile articles; stems prostrate; leaflets usually conduplicate when dry, the axis usually recurved (southern Arizona; southward in Mexico to Jalisco and Hidalgo) . . . 1. N# wislizenii 180 RUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA Terminal article of fruit expanded, conspicuously larger than the fertile articles; stems climbing; leaflets usually drying or wilting without folding, the axis essentially straight, Stipe of fruit exceeded by the calyx, about l-2.5(-4) mm. long; inflorescences fasciculate, usually without elongation of the axis (conspicuous exception is N. hintonii with racemes or panicles); flowers 4-20 mm. long. Calyx teeth terminating in attenuate, glandular setae 1-2 mm. long; calyx tube not setose (Mexico: Baja California) 2, N. setosa Calyx teeth not terminating in attenuate setae, or the setae much less than 1 mm, long. Fruit, and usually the calyx, beset with numerous, glandular setae. Stems commonly densely white-pubescent, with moderate or no develop- ment of glandular setae; flowers (8-) 10-12 mm. long; inflorescences fasciculate (Mexico: Sonora and Sinaloa, Coahuila to Puebla). 3. N. platycarpa Stems conspicuously besot with glandular setae, otherwise glabrous; flowers 12-15 mm. long; inflorescences elongated, racemose or pan- iculate (south-central Mexico: Mexico and Guerrero). 4* N, hintonii Fruit glabrous to pubescent but lacking glandular setae; calyx usually without setae. Flowers 14-20 mm* long; calyx tube 4.5-6 mm, long, 4-5 mm. in diame- ter (southwest Texas and northeast Mexico) . . , 5. N. platycalyx Flowers less than 14 mm. long; calyx tube about 4 mm, long, or less. Stipules broadly lanceate, (1.5—)2—3 mm. wide at the base (southwest M6xico; Jalisco to Guerrero) 6. N, laxior Stipules lanceate, about 1 mm, wide at base or less. Tube of calyx (2-)2.5-4 mm. long. 2-4 mm. in diameter; calyx teeth 1-4 mm, long, Calyx, pedicels, leaflets, and rachis of leaf glabrous or but spar- ingly pubescent, exclusive of glandular setae; leaflets thin, mostly membranous. Teeth of calyx (2-)3-4 mm. long; flowers (8-) 10-12 mm. long; inflorescences fasciculate, 1-8-flowered, the pedicels 6-10 mm, long (southern Arizona and northwestern Mexico). 7, N. schottii Teeth of calyx 1-2 mm. long; flowers 11-13 mm. long; inflores- cences fasciculate or sometimes racemose, l-18-floweredr the pedicels 6-13 mm. long (Mexico: Guerrero). 8. N. montana Calyx, pedicels, and rachis of leaves pubescent, the leaflets mostly thickened, often pubescent, especially along the margins and nerves (Mexico; Chihuahua to Puebla) . . 9. N. pringlei Tube of calyx 1*2 mm. long, about 1,5 mm. in diameter; calyx teeth 0,5-1.5(-2) mm. long. Flowers 7- 10 mm, long; calyx 3.5-5 mm. long; fruit and calyx glabrous or nearly so (M6xico: Guerrero) . 10. N. leiogyne Flowers 4-7.5 mm, long; calyx 2-2.5 mm* long; fruit and calyx pubescent (Mexico: Sonora and Chihuahua to Oaxaca). 11, N. hirsuta Stipe of fruit exceeding the calyx, about 3-6 mm. long; inflorescences some- times fasciculate, commonly racemose or paniculate with considerable elongation of the axis; flowers 5-10 mm. long. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 181 Flowers 5-8 mm. long; calyx teeth about 0,5 mm. long or less (Mexico to Venezuela) 12a. N. fruticosa var. fruticosa Flowers 8-10 mm. long; calyx teeth 0,5-1 mm. long (Guatemala to north- western Argentina and Paraguay), 12b* N* fruticosa var. guatemalensis* 1. Nissolia wislizenii (A, Gray) A. Gray, Journ, Linn. Soc< 5: 25. 1861, as JV. ivislizeni. Chaetocolyx wi&lizeni A. Gray, PL Wright, 1: 51. 1852. Prostrate herb, the stems moderately white-pubescent and also sparsely beset with yellowish, glandular setae; stipules lance ate to deltoid-ovate, acute to acuminate, commonly 5-7 mm. long, 1-2,5 mm, wide, pubescent to subglabrous, entire or glandular-denticulate; leaves 0.5-5 (commonly 2-4) cm. long; leaflets essentially orbicular or sometimes elliptic, 4-20 mm. in diameter, obtuse to emarginate, mucron- ulate, the base obtuse to subcordate, the upper surface glabrous, the lower moderately pubescent to subglabrous; inflorescences fasciculate, 1-5-flowered, the pedicels 3-15 mm. long, pubescent; flowers (8-)10- 15 mm. long, the standard straight or scarcely recurved; calyx pubes- cent and setose, (3-)4-5 mm. long, the tube (2-)3-4 mm. long, about 3 mm. in diameter, the teeth deltoid-subulate, about 1 mm. long; fruit commonly 2-4 cm. long, 2-5 articulate, pubescent to sub- glabrous, the stipe 1-2 mm. long, the fertile articles about 7-10 mm. long, 3-7 mm, wide, the terminal, sterile article flat and winglike but scarcely broader than the fertile articles; seeds about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. broad. TYPE LOCALITY: Sacramento, Chihuahua, M&xico. Type collected by Wislizenus (No, 151), cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Southern Arizona and southward in Mexico to Jalisco and Hidalgo (fig. 2). UNITED STATES ARIZONA: Cochise County: "San Pedro River, Mexican boundary line," Inter- national Boundary Commission (Mearns) 1549 (US). "Johnston's Ranch, 11m. east of San Pedro River," International Boundary Commission (Merlon) 1706 (US). Naco, Harrison 8261 (US). Huachuea Mountains, Lemmon 2668 (Ph, UC, US). MEXICO SONORA: San Pedro, Hartman 870 (GH), CHIHUAHUA: Sacramento, Wislizenus 151 (GH TYPE), Ciudad Ju&rez, Wright 1007 (GH, NY, US). Chihuahua, Pringle 618 (GH, NY, Ph, US). Cafl6n de las Varas, Shreve 9048 (GH, NA, UC). "Santa Clara Canyon/' LeSueur 722 (GH). DURANGO: Rose 2278 (GH, US), 2298 (GH, US). Durango, Fisher 44177 (GH, NY). Otinapa, Palmer 371 in 1906 (GH, NY, UC, US). Jaral, Schumann 188 (US), ZACATEOAS: Near Monte Escobedo, Rose 2651 (GH, US). Sombrero te, Gentry 8473 (US), SAN LUIS POTOSI: Parry & Palmer 133 in 1878 (GH, Ph, US); Palmer, "July 21 and Aug. 1898" (US); Sckaffner 592 (NY, US). San Miguelito, Schajfner 182 RUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA 793 (GH, Ph% San Rafael, Sckaffner 794 (GH, Ph), Charcas, Lundell 5385 (US), 5459 (US). JALISCO: Guadalajara, Pringle 5482 (GH). QuERfTARO: San Juan del Rfo, Rose, Painter, & Rose 9533 (GH, NY, US). HIDALGO: Dublin, near Tula, Pringle 9639 (US). This species seems to be the only one of the genus with a prostrate habit. The slightly recurved axis of the leaflet and the tendency of the leaflets to fold when disturbed makes herbarium specimens of N. wislizenii rather distinctive. In fruit the species is easily recognized by the slight development of the sterile, terminal article, in contrast to the enlarged wing of all the other species. Illustrations of the fruit and flowers are given by Torrey (Bot. Mex. Bound. pL 18. 1859) and by Rose (Contr. IL S. Nat. Herb. 5: 158,^. 17. 1899). The specific name, originally published as "loislizeni" is here changed to wislizemi, following Recommendation 82C (b) of the Inter- national Code of Botanical Nomenclature (1952), 2. Nissolia setosa Brandegee, Proc. Calif. Acad. ser. 2, 3: 127. 1891. Twining vine, the stems sparingly pubescent; stipules lanceate, 3-5 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide at base, acute, subglabrous or pubescent, especially along the margins; leaves 2-5 cm. long; leaflets, elliptic to orbicular, about 7-25 mm. long, 5-18 mm, wide, obtuse or retusc, mucronulate, the base obtuse, the upper surface glabrous, the lower glabrous or nearly so; inflorescences fasciculate, 1-5-fiowered, the pedicels 4-7 mm. long, subglabrous; flowers (9-) 10-13 mm. long, the standard slightly recurved; calyx 6-7 mm. long, sometimes ciliate, otherwise glabrous or sparingly pubescent, the tube 2,5-3.5 mm. long, 2,5-3 mm. in diameter, the teeth deltoid-subulate, 3-4 mm, long, each terminating in an attenuate, glandular seta 1-2 mm* long; fruit 1,5- 2,5 cm. long, 2- or 3-articulate, pubescent and also beset with glandular setae, the stipe less than 1 mm. long, the fertile articles about 5-10 mm* long and 3 mm. wide, the terminal, sterile article 10-15 mm, long, 5-6 mm. wide; seeds about 4 mm. long and 2 mm, wide. TYPE LOCALITY: San Pedro, Baja California, Mexico. Type collected by Brandegee (No, 140), cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from southern Baja California (fig. 2), MEXICO Baja California: San Pedro, Brandegee 140 (GH, Ph, UC TYPE, US), Todos Santos, Brandegeet Oct, 22, 1893 (UC). About 10 miles south of La Pazt Hammerly 239 (US). This is the only species of Nissolia known from Lower California* It is unique in having its calyx teeth tipped with attenuate, glandular setae. Other species may have a slight suggestion of glandular points on the calyx teeth, but these points are never so long nor so pronounced. Rose reduced 2V. setosa to synonymy under N. sckottii, but I believe CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 183 those two species to be distinct. It seems to me that N. wislizenii and N. platycarpa are more closely related to N. setosa. In the original description, Brandegee gives the flower length of N. setosa as 4 mm. That must be a misprint for 9 mm. The type N, HINTONII N, SETOSA N. WISU2ENII N. PLATYCARPA N. LAXIOR N, MONTANA N. SCHOTTIt H. LEIOGYNc N. PRINGLEI N. PLATYCALYX N. HIRSUTA FIGURE 2.—Geographical distribution of Nissolia hintonii, N. hirsuta> N, laxior, N. leiogyne, N. montana, N, platycalyx, N. platycarpa, N. pringlti, N. sckottii, N. setosa, and N. ttrislizftiiu specimen has one shriveled flower, about 9 mm. long, and other collec- tions show the mature flowers commonly to be about 10-13 mm, long. 3. Nissolia platycarpa Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 15 (1): 77. 1859. Nissolia dodgei Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 161, fig. #3. 1899. Scandent vine, the stems densely white-pubescent, usually glabres- cent, sometimes with a few glandular setae; stipules lanceate, atten- uate, entire or glandular-denticulate, 2.5-5 mm. long, 0.5-1.5 mm. wide at base, the upper surface glabrous or subglabrous, the lower surface pubescent; leaves 1.5-8 cm. long; leaflets elliptic to orbicular, 5-45 mm. long, 4-40 mm. wide, acute, obtuse, or retuse, mucronulate, the base obtuse, the upper surface moderately pubescent to glabrous, the lower surface densely pubescent to subglabrous; inflorescences 184 KUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA fasciculate, 1-8-flowered, the pedicels 5-12 mm. long, pubescent, sometimes beset with a few glandular hairs; flowers (8-*) 10-12 mm, long, the standard somewhat recurved; calyx 6-7 mm. long, the tube 2-3 mm. long, 2-3 mm. in diameter, pubescent along the margin, otherwise pubescent or subglabrous, beset with glandular setae, the teeth subulate or deltoid-subulate, 2-4 mm, long; fruit 1.5-3.5 cm. long, 2-5-articulate, white-velutinous when young, somewhat glabres- cent, beset with a few yellowish, glandular setae, the stipe 0.5-2.5 mm, long, the fertile articles 5-7 mm, long, 5-6 mm, wide, the termi- nal, sterile article about 10 mm, long, 5-10 mm, wide; seeds about 3 mm, long and 2 mm. wide. TYPE LOCALITY: Zimaptin, Hidalgo, Mexico. Type collected by Coulter, cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, along the Sierra Madre Oriental from Coahuila to Puebla and Vera Cruz and in Sonora and Sinaloa (fig, 2), MfiXICO SONORA: Cafi6n Guadelupe, Rio Mayo, Gentry 1382 (OH, NY, UC). COAHUILA: Saltillo, Palmer 248 in 1880 in part (GH, US), Cail6n Bocatoche, Muller 3U7 (NA, UC). NUEVO LE6N: Monterrey, Dodge 131 (US TYPE of N, dodgei); Pringle 11813 (GH, US). TAMAULIPAS: Miquihuana, Stanford, Retherford, & Norlhcraft 785 (NY, UC). SINALOA: Cofradfa, Brandvgee, Oct. 29, 1904 (UC, US), Cuesta dc Ratamoza, Gentry 5383 (GH, NA, NY), Capadero, Sierra Tncuichamoim, Gentry 5627 (GH, XA, NY). SAN LUIS Porosf: Aguaje do Garcfa, Sohns 1501 (US). HIDALGO: Zirnapdn, Coulter (sketch from TYPE ex K). VEHA CRUZ: Orizaba Botteri 771 (GH), PUEBLA: Matamoros, Miranda 2168 (GH). The fruits of N. plat year pa are the most densely white-pubescent of all the species and are beset with glandular setae. The stems also are rather conspicuously white-pubescent, especially when young- The leaflets are extremely variable in size. The collections cited from Sonora and Sinaloa were at first believed to represent a new taxon, but scrutiny of submature fruit reveals a few, weak glandular hairs, and it appears that the material may be referable to N. platycarpa. Comparison of the type of A\ dodgei with a sketch made from the type of A7, platycarpa shows the two taxa to be the same. 4, Nissolia hintomi Sandw. in Hook, Icon, PL 33: pi, 3248. 1934, as N. kintoni. Twining vine, the stems conspicuously beset with glandular setae, otherwise glabrous; stipules lanceale to ovate, glandular-denticulate, acuminate, 5-9 mm. long, 1-2 mm. wide; leaves about 4-8 cm. long, glandular-setose toward the base of the petiole; leaflets orbicular to elliptic, or sometimes obovate, 10-60 mm, long, 6-35 mm. wide, CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 185 obtuse, sometimes retuse, mucronate, the base rounded, glabrous on both surfaces; inflorescences racemose, sometimes paniculate, many- flowered, the peduncles and sometimes the pedicels conspicuously setose, the pedicels 6—11 mm. long; flowers 12-15 mm. long, the stand- ard slightly recurved; calyx 6-7 mm. long, the tube about 4 mm. long, 4-5 mm, in diameter, ciliate and beset with a few glandular setae, otherwise glabrous, the teeth subulate, 2-3 mm. long; fruit 3-4.3 cm. long, 2- or 3-articuIate, pubescent, somewhat glabrate, the lower portion beset with glandular setae, the stipe 1.5-2.5 mm. long, the fertile articles 5-10 mm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, the terminal, sterile article 15-20 mm. long, 10-15 mm. broad; seeds about 6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. TYPE LOCALITY: Carboneras, Temascaltepee, Mexico. Type col- lected by Hinton (No. 2334); isotypes cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico: Mexico and northern Guerrero (fig. 2). MfiXICO Mexico: Carboneras, Hinton 2334 (ISOTYPES: NY, US), 5603 (GH, NY, US). Volcan, Hinton 2213 (GH). Bojuoos, Hinton 2520 (GH, NY, US). Ixta- pan, Hinton 2922 (GH, NY, US). "San Lucas del Maiz," Hinton 3335 (NY, US). Rinc6u, Hinton 5075 (XY, US). Tejupilco, Hinton 7086 (GH, NY, US). Temascaltepec, Hinton 7189 (GH, US). GUERRERO: "Sierra Mad re del Sur, north of Hlo Balsas, Temisco, Barranca de la Guacamaya," Mexia 8848 (GH, NY, UC, US). The most conspicuous feature of this species is the setose inflo- rescence, which is usually a long raceme or panicle. The flowers are fairly large for the genus and the leaflets often are large. 5. Nissolia platycalyx S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 344. 1882. Climbing vine, the stems moderately crisp-pubescent, glabrate; stipules lanceate, 3-5 mm. long, 0.5-1 mm. wide, entire, pubescent to subglabrous; leaves 4-7 cm. long; leaflets elliptic, 5-25 mm. long, 4-15 mm, wide, glabrous or nearly so, obtuse, mucronulate, the base obtuse; inflorescences 1-4-flowered, the pedicels 6-8 mm. long, pu- bescent; flowers 14-20 mm. long, the standard essentially straight; calyx 6.5-10 mm. long, the tube 4.5-6 mm. long, 4-5 mm. in diameter, pubescent to subglabrous, the teeth subulate, 1.5-4.5 mm. Jong; fruit 3-4 cm. long, 2-4-articulate, pubescent when young, subglabrous at maturity, the stipe about 4 mm. long, the fertile articles 5-7 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide, the terminal, sterile article 2-3 cm. long and about 1 cm. wide; seeds about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains, 6 miles east of Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Type collected by Palmer (No. 248 in part), cited below. DISTRIBUTION*: Southwest Texas and northeast Mexico (fig. 2). 387230—56 2 186 RUDD—REVISION OF GENUS NISSOLIA UNITED STATES TEXAS: Brewster County: Chisos Mountains, Ferris & Duncan 2762 (NY,US); Marsh 175 (GH). TEXAS? [region of the Chisos Mountains]: "Santa Rosa, Coahuila," Mexican Boundary Survey (Parry) 253 (NY). "Mt. Carmel Nov. 8th," Mexican Boundary Survey (Bigelow) 253 (NY). "Last camp on Rio [illegible; appears to be "from el"] Oct. 30th," Mexican Boundary Survey (Bigelow) 253 (NY), MEXICO COAHUILA: Saltillo, Palmer 248 in 1880 in part (GH TYPE, Ph,US). Cafion del Pajarito, Muller 3175 (NA,UC). Sierra de la Paila, Hinton 16532 (GH, NY, US). NUEVO LE6N: Alamar, Mueller & Mueller 629 (A), 630 (A). Local name: "Vetchling" (Texas). Nissolia platy calyx has the largest flowers of the genus; when the species is in fruit, the persistent, large calyx serves to identify it. It apparently is the only member of the genus in which 7-foliolate, as well as 5-foliolate, leaves are to be found. The collections of the Mexican Boundary Survey, cited above, were reported as Chaetocalyx mslizeni by Torrey in his report of the Survey (56. 1859). 6. Nissolia laxior (Robins.) Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 162, fig. $5. 1899. Nissolia confertifiora var. laxior Robins. Proe. Amer. A cad. 29: 315. 1894. Climbing vine, the stems crisp-pubescent, glabrate, usually beset with glandular setae; stipules broadly lanccate, acute to acuminate, entire or sometimes glandular-denticulate, about 7-10 mm. long, (1.5-) 2-3 mm. wide at base, the upper surface subglabrous, the lower surface pubescent, usually densely white-tomentose, especially toward the apex; leaves 5-10 cm. long: leaflets ovate to elliptic, 15-50 mm. long, 10-25 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, mucronulate, the base obtuse, the upper surface subglabrous, the lower moderately crisp-pubescent to subglabrous; inflorescences fasciculate, about 8-20-flowered, the pedicels 8-13 mm. long; flowers 9-11 mm. long, the standard straight or slightly recurved; calyx 6-7 mm. long, subglabrous to pubescent, especially along the margin, sometimes beset with glandular setae, the tube 2.5-3 mm. long, 2,5-3 mm, in diameter, the teeth subulate, 3—4 mm. long; mature fruit and seed not seen. TYPE LOCALITY: "Barranca of Beltran," Jalisco, Mexico. Type collected by Pringle (No. 4379), cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Southwestern Mexico, from Jalisco to Mexico and Guerrero (fig. 2). MfiXICO JALISCO: "Barranca of Beltran" (near Platanar], Pringle 4379 (GH TYPE of N. confertifiora var. laxior, NY, Ph, UC, US). QUERETARO: San Juan del Rio, Rose, Painter, A Rose 9531 (NY, US). MEXICO: Tejupilco, Hinton 771 (NY, US). Temascal tepee, Hinlon 4028 (GH). MICHOACXN: Coalcomdn, Hinton 13886 (GH, NY, Ph, US). GUERRERO: Galeana, Hinlon 14369 (US). CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM 187 The broadly lanceate stipules, 2-3 mm. wide at the base, usually tomentulose beneath, serve as ready identification for this species. In general, N. laxior appears to be closely related to N. sckoitii, N, montana, and N. pringlei rather than to N. eonfertifiora (=2V. kirsuia), to which it was originally referred. 7. Nissolia schottii (Torr.) A. Gray, Journ. Linn. Soc. 5: 26. 1861, Chaeiocalyx schottii Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 56, pi. 18. 1859. Scandent vine, the stems moderately crisp-pubescent to subglabrous, occasionally glandular-setose; buds often densely tomentose; stipules lanceate, attenuate or acute, entire, pubescent, about 3-5 mm. long, 0.5-1 mm. wide at base; leaves 3-8 cm. long; leaflets elliptic to subrhombic, 5-35 mm. long, 3-25 mm. wide, acute to obtuse, mucron- ulate, the base obtuse, subglabrous on both surfaces; inflorescences axillary, fasciculate, 1-8-fiowercd, the pedicels 6-10 mm. long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, sometimes setose; flowers (8-) 10-12 mm. long, the standard straight or but slightly recurved; calyx 5-7 mm. long, usually pubescent along the margin, otherwise glabrous or lightly pubescent, sometimes with a few glandular setae, the tube (2-) 3-4 mm. long, 2-3 mm. in diameter, the teeth subulate, 2^4 mm. long; fruit 2-3 cm. long, pubescent when young, subglabrous at maturity, 2-4-articulate, the stipe 1-2 mm. long, the fertile articles 4-6 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, the terminal, sterile article 10-15 mm. long, 6-10 mm. wide; seeds about 3 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide. TYPE LOCALITY: "Sierra Verde, Arroyo de los Samotas, Sonora." Type collected by Schott (No. 253a), cited below. DISTRIBUTION: Southern Arizona and northwestern Mexico (fig. 2). UNITED STATES ARIZONA: Pi ma County: Tucson, Wooton, July 21, 1911 (US); Bartram 371 (US), 372 (Ph); Rose, Standley, & Russell 15180 (US). Sabino Canyon, Kearney & Peebles 10323 (US); Jones, Aug. 20, 1903 (US). Sells, Peebles, Harrison, <£ Kearney 2743 (US); Clark 11180 (Gil). Baboquivari Canyon, King & Loomis 3258 (US); Peebles, Harrison, & Kearney 2760 (US); Peebles