NEW AND CHARACTERISTIC SPECIES OF FOSSIL MOLLUSKS FROM THE OIL-BEARING TERTIARY FORMA-TIONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. By Ralph Arnold,Paleontologist, U. S. Geological Survey.INTRODUCTION.Among the fossils commonly found in or characteristic of certain ofthe oil-bearing Tertiary formations of southern California are thespecies and varieties mentioned in the following pages. The newforms are described and figured; those previousl}" described are simplyfigured, but a brief note concerning their occurrence is inserted in theexplanation accompanying each drawing. It has been deemed advis-able to insert figures of the old species in this paper because the descrip-tions and illustrations of these forms are in publications inaccessible tomost readers, and it is essential for the proper identification of thefaunas that certain of the old species be known. The difi^erentiationof the various geologic formations in the southern coast ranges of Cali-fornia depends almost entirely upon their palentology, so that it hasbeen the aim of the writer to give in this paper those species and onlythose which will aid in the determination of the horizon of the variousfaunas found in that region. These fossils, together with some others,will be figured on Plates XXV to XLI, Bulletin No. 309, U. S. Geo-logical Survey.The following new species and varieties are found in the yellowsandstone of the lower Miocene at the head of Topauga Canyon, 3miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County, California.LIST OF LOWER MIOCENE FOSSILS FROM TOPANGA CANYON.Myiilus mathevsonii Gabb var. e.vpaiisn><, new variety.Cerithium topangensis, new species.Chlorostoma dalli, new species.Bathytoma keepi, new species.Macron merriami, new species.Ocinebra toimngensis, new species.Purpura edmondi, new species.Sigaretus perrini, new species.Turbo topangensis, new species.Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. XXXII?No. 1545. 525 526 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.Associated with them at this locality are:Callwta [Amiantis) dkihloensh Anderson.Cardium, species (sharp ribs).Cardiuni; species (square ribs).Chione tembhrensis Anderson.Dosinia ponderosa Gray.Glycymeris, species (large).Macoma cf. nasuta Conrad.Ostrca titan Conrad.Pecten hoiversi Arnold.Pecten cf. viiguelensis Arnold.Phacoides richthofenl Gabb.Venus pertenuis Gabb.Agasorna cf. kernianum Cooper.Bittium, species.Calliostoma, species.Cancellaria cf. condoni Anderson.Ci/lichna, species.Brillia, species.Fusus, species.Neverita callosa Conrad.Trochita costellata Conrad.Ti'ochita cf. inornata Gabb.Trophon, species.Turritella ocoyana Conrad.Turritella variata Conrad.The following- new species and varieties are from the sandstone inthe Pliocene (middle part of the Fernando formation) near the PacificCoast Oil Company's wells in Elsmere Canyon, 2^ miles southeast ofNewhall, Los Angeles County, California.LIST OF LOWER PLIOCENE FOSSILS FROM ELSMERE CANYON.Cancellaria fernandoensis, new species.Cardium. quadrigenarium Conrad var. fernandoensis, new variety.Cypraea fernandoensis, new species.Murex eldridgel, new species.Pisania fortis Carpenter var. angulata, new variety.Priene oregonensis Redfield var. angelensis, new variety.Turritella cooperi Carpenter var. fernand ensis, new variety.Associated with these are:Amiantis callosa Conrad.A7-ca trilineata Conrad.Bathytoma cf. carpenteriana Gabb.Callista suhdiaphana Carpenter.Chione, new species (small).Chrysodomus arnoldi Rivers?Cryptomya californica Conrad.Macoma indentata Carpenter.Macoma, species.Mactra cf. hemphilli Dall.Modiolus rectus Conrad. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLL USKS FROM CA LIFORXIA?ARNOLD. 527Monio macroaclmma Deshayes.Mya truncata Linnaeus.Neptunea huinerosa Gabb.Neverita reduziana Petit.Olivella intorta Carpenter.Panopea (jenerosn Gould.Pecten cf. caurinus Gould.Pecten estrellanus Conrad var. rottom; innerlip straight, outer lip reflecting angulation of whorls.Dimensions.?Longitude (restored), (>0 mm.; latitude, 30 mm.Notes.?This species is closely allied to and is doubtless the precur-sor of P. tnjoniana Gabb. It was first thought that the Mioceneforms were the same species as the living, ])ut a careful comparison of .specimens shows /*. Irepi to ])e much more abbreviated and with a rela-tively more angulated ])ody whorl than P. tryoniana. The nodes alsoare somewhat sharper and are more prominently developed on thebody whorl in the former. Named in honor of Prof. -losiah Keep, ofMills College, California.Type.?C2ii. No. 164993, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California. ''G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene.MACRON MERRIAMI, new species.Plate XLI, fig8. 4 and 4?.Description.?Shell small, ovate, solid; spire elevated; apex acute;whorls live, evenly convex, nearly smooth, except for a prominentfurrow which passes around the bod}" whorl one- third the w^ay up fromits base; between this prominent furrow and the umbilicus are threeother less prominent grooves. Suture narrow but canal-like; aperturenarrow and elliptical. Columella slightly callous posteriorly; anteriorportion produced and Hexed; posterior part of lip bent. Canal a merenotch. Umbilicus subperforate.Dimensions.?Longitude, 23 mm.; latitude, 13 mm.; body whorl,19 mm.; aperture, 16 mm.; deflection, about 70?.Notes.?This characteristic little species is closely allied to and prob-ably is the precursor of 2d. I'eJletti! A. Adams. It differs from thelatter, however, in being relativeh" narrower, having a narrowershoidder at the suture and in having one more groove in the basal por-tion of the body whorl. Named in honor of Prof. John C. Merriam,of the University of California, Berkeley.Ty2)e.?C^t. No. 164982, U.S.N.M.Locality.? Head of Topanga Canyon 3 miles south of Calabasas, LosAngeles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene. 530 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.OCINEBRA TOPANGENSIS, new species.Plate XLIII, fig. 4.Descpiptlon.?Shell large for one of this genus, fusiform; spire ele-vated, subacute; whorls five, strongly angulated above, giving a tab-ulate appearance to upper portion; whorls crossed by six or sevenfrills, some of which Hex forward and rise to prominent points on theangle; anterior portion of whorls ornamented by about 12 rough, raisedspiral lines, the alternate ones being relatively more prominent thanthose adjacent; posterior portion with six or seven similar lines; suturedeeply appressed, undulating, distinct. Aperture subelliptical; innerlip slightly enameled; columella twisted, squamose, only slightlywidened; umbilicus subperforate; canal of medium length, narrow.Dimensions.?Altitude, 59 mm.; latitude, 30 mm,; body whorl, 46mm.; aperture, 39 mm,Hates.?The largest member of this genus known from the WestCoast. Somewhat similar to O. keepi Arnold but much larger, withless prominently developed frills and much finer spiral sculpture.Named for the type localit3^ Topanga Canvon.Type.?C2.t. No. 164995, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles Count}^, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene.PUPURA EDMONDI, new species.Plate XL, figs. 3 and 3a.Description.?Shell fusiform, moderately thick; spire elevated; apex .subacute; whorls four or five, angulated, the bod}^ whorl particu-larly so; nine or ten prominent nodes on the angle, each node grad-ually fading out above and below the angle; spiral sculpture consistsof more or less obsolete ridges, of which there are about fourteen onthe body whorl below the angle and three or four above it; sutureappressed, distinct, somewhat wavy, the surface of the shell being cor-rugated near it. Aperture p3"riform; outer lip slightly effuse, den-ticulated with seven or eight quite sharp and prominent teeth. Innerlip smooth. Umbilicus subperforate. Canal short, curved backward.Dimensions.?Longitude, 19 mm.; latitude, 12.5 mm.; body whorl,16.5 mm.; aperture, including canal, 14 mm.Notes.?Unlike any other Purpura on the coast. Resembles Cuiaahiplicata Gabb, but with angle higher up on whorl; umbilical regionalso more simple than in latter species. Named in honor of Prof.Geo. W. Edmond, of Santa Monica, California, who first discoveredthis species.Type.?Cat. No. 164983, U.S.N.M. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLLUSKS FROM CALIFORNIA?ARNOLD. 531Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Ano-eles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene.CERITHIUM TOPANGENSIS, new species.Plate XL, figs. 7 and 8.Description.?Shell turreted; apex acute; whorls nine or ten,slightly convex, with a faint suggestion of a shoulder at the posteriormargin. Whorls ornamented by a varying number of spiral andlongitudinal ridges of which there are eight of the former and twenty-one of the latter on the penultimate whorl of the type; the relativeprominence of the two sets of ridges varies somewhat, ))ut they arenormally of about equal importance. Suture impressed; distinct.Aperture subquadrate; outer lip effuse, broadly rounded below andslightly produced in a columellar l)eak; inner lip straight above thisbeak.Dimensions.?Longitude, 23.5 mm.; latitude, 7.5 nun.; l)ody whorl,10.5 mm.; aperture, 7 nmi.Notes.?Quite unlike any other West Coast Cerithium, l)eing closest,possibly, to C. (jcnimatu Hinds, from which it differs b}' having morenumerous and more delicate longitudinal ridges and ver}^ much lesspronounced nodose sculpture below the suture. Named after the typelocality, Topanga Can3'^on.Type.?Q?ii. No. 101070, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Can^^on, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Llorizon.?Lower Miocene.TURBO TOPANGENSIS, new species.Plate XLI, figs. 6, tV/, and (i/*.Description.?Shell tur1)inated, solid; whorls somewhat convex andprominently tuberculated, one row of about nine sharp tu])erclessurmounting the whorl just below the suture, another band of lessprominent ones in the middle of the whorl, and the base of the whorlornamented by another spiral row, the tubercles of which are almostas prominent as the top row; in addition to this there is a secondarysculpture consisting of numerous faint ridges crossing the whorlsdiagonal!}" from the base posteriori}^ toward the suture. Baseornamented by three prominent spiral ridges, the outer one tuber-culated. Suture impressed, distinct. Aperture round, slightly pro-duced and somewhat flaring in front.Dimensions.?Altitude, 10.5 mm.; latitude, 18 mm.Notes.?A unique species, somewhat resembling Turlw ttr.?Cat. No. 164979, U.S.N.m! NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLLUSKS FROM CALIFORNIA?ARNOLD. 533Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene.CHLOROSTOMA (OMPHALIUS) DALLI, new species.Plate XL, figs. 4, 4a and 46.Description.?Shell conoidal; spire somewhat elevated; apex obtuse;whorls four, slightly convex, angulated just above the suture; portionof whorl above angle crossed by (in the type twelve) transverse ridgesor waves running obliquely backward from the angle and appressingagainst the antecedent whorls. Revolving ridge on angle, and, also onbody whorl, on a second equally prominent angle, at the base of thewhorl. Whole surface of shell, including base, ornamented by linerevolving lines (in the t3^pe there are four of these between the twoangles on the body whorl). Five equivalent narrow revolving fur-rows also ornament the top of the bod}- whorl. Suture distinct.Umbilicus deep and more or less effuse. Aperture circular; columel-lar lip slightly twisted around umbilicus. Outer lip unknown.Dimensions.?Altitude, 10 mm.; latitude, 12.5 mm.Notes.?This species differs from Chlorostoma aureotinctmn Forbes,to which it is allied, by the lack of the prominent furrows in the baseand the presence of the revolving furrows in the top of the whorl.C. dalli is a variable form, no two specimens being exactly similar.It grades into the two varieties next described. Named in honor ofDr. William Healy Dall, of the United States Geological Survey.Tyj^e.?Cat. ^o. 16498-1, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Can3^on, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Lower Miocene.CHLOROSTOMA (OMPHALIUS) DALLI var. INORNATUS, new variety.Plate XL, fig. 5.Description.?Similar to C. dalli except that the transverse wavesare obsolete and the revolving furrows on top of the whorls are morenumerous and less prominent.Dhnensions.?Altitude, 10 mm.; latitude, 15 mm.Notes.?The t3'pe of this variet}^ is flatter than the typical form, butthis is due to crushing.Type.?Q,2X. No. 164986, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California. (G. W. Edmond and Ralph Arnold.)LLorizon.?Lower Miocene. 534 Proceedings of the national museum. vol.xxxh.CHLOROSTOMA (OMPHALIUS) DALLI var. SUBNODOSUS, new variety.Plate XL, fitiH. 6 and 6((.Description.?Similar to 0. dalli except that the transverse wavesare less pronounced and the spiral sculpture is somewhat coarser. Amore or less prominent ridge revolves about the umbilicus.Dimensions!.? Altitude, 10 mm.; latitude, 13.5 mm.Type.?C?it. No. 161985, U.8.N.M.Locality.?Head of Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas,Los Angeles County, California.Horizon.?Lower Miocene.PLIOCENE SPECIES AND VARIETIES.TEREBRATALIA OCCIDENTALIS Dall.Plate XLIX, figs. 6, 7, la, 8, 8*/, 9, and 9a.Terebratalia occidentulii^ Dall, Proe. Cal. Acad. Sci., IV, 1871, p. 182, pi. i, fig. 7.Description.?Shell from subcircular to su))elliptical in outline,rather thin; pedicle (lower) valve with mesial flexure concave; on eachside of this are usually two prominent ridges, and beyond these still asecond pair; surface of valve sometimes nearly smooth, but moreoften with radiating ridges of var3dng prominence; lines of growthusuall}' discernible, some being quite prominent; brachial (upper)valve strongly mediall}^ convex, with one and sometimes two ridgeson either side; secondar}^ sculpture similar to that of lower valve.Beak with a concave or flattened area on each side of the deltidium.Shell broader proportionately in the younger stages of growth.Dimensions.- -LiOn^ixindiQ,., 27 mm.; latitude, 29 mm.Notes.?This variable species passes through the same mutations asT. transversa Sowerb}^, from whicb it ditters by having the mesialflexure of the pedicle valve concave and of the brachial valve convexinstead of vice versa as in T. transversa. Very abundant at TemescalCanyon locality; also found recent on the Paciflc coast of NorthAmerica.Figured specimens.?C?ii. No. 164996, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Near the mouth of Temescal Canyon, 3 miles north ofSanta Monica, Los Angeles County, California. (Ralph Arnold andJ. J. Rivers).Horizon.?Recent and lower Pliocene, probably equiv^alent of mid-dle Fernando formation. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLLVf^KS FROM CALIFORNIA?ARNOLD. 535CARDIUM QUADRIGENARIUM Conrad var. FERNANDOENSIS,new variety.Plate XLVIII, lign. 2 and 2ii.Descrlpiton.?Shell smaller than the typical form, oval, ventricose:umbones central, prominent, turned only slightly anterioril}- surfacesculptured with about thirty-six prominent, subangular radiating-ridges roughened over the anterior and posterior portions of theshell l)y prominent pointed tubercles on the posterior angle; thoseridges near the posterior margin are less prominent, but are nodosefor nearly their whole length.Dimensions.?Altitude, 55 mm.; longitude, 58 nun.; diameter (l)othvalves), 38 mm.Notts.?This variety is more ol)lique, has narrower umbones, isrelatively less in diameter, and has fewer and less prominently spinoseri})s than the typical form. The typical form has over forty ribs,Avhile var. fernandoensis has but thirt3'-six. Named after the Fer-nando formation of which it is supposed to be characteristic.Type.?Q^i. No. 1?M94T, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Elsmere Can3'on, near Pacific Coast Oil Company's well,2^ miles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California.(Ralph Arnold.)IIoTizon.? Middle Fernando formation (lower Pliocene).CANCELLARIA FERNANDOENSIS, new species.Plate L, fig. 4.Description.?Shell about 20 to 24 mm. in altitude; broadlv fusi-form; spire elevated; whorls four or five, sharply angulated at abouttwo-thirds height of whorl; flat or slightly convex both above andbelow the angle; whorls crossed l)y numerous (18 on body whorl)broad longitudinal varices which extend from suture to suture, being-fainter above than below; surface also ornamented by equal equidis-tant raised spiral lines, about three or four below the angle, two orthree above. Suture appressed, distinct^ Lower portion of typebroken.Dimensions.?Altitude (restored), about 20 mm.; latitude, 13 mm.Notes.?This species is closely allied to the tropical species C. Can-dida Sowerby, but is distinguishable l)y its broader form, muchbroader varices, and more evenly spaced spiral lines. Named for theFernando formation, of which it is supposed to be characteristic.%;6.?Cat. No. 164956, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Elsmere Can3^on, near Pacific Coast Oil Company's wells,2i miles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California.(Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Middle Fernando formation (lower Pliocene). 536 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.PISANIA FORTIS Carpenter var. ANGULATA, new variety.Plate L, figs. 6 and 7.Description.?Shell fusiform, short; spire elevated; apex subacuteto subangular, whorls angular, about three-fourths of the whorl beingbelow the angle; body whorl below the angle quite uniforml}^ convex.The surface sculpture varies considerably in individual specimens; inthe type the sculpture of the body whorl consists of ten equal sub-equidistant rounded subrugose spiral ridges, each interspace being-ornamented by one less prominent but slightly more rugose revolvingline on each side of which still finer lines may often be distinguished;above the angle are live revolving lines, less prominent than those onthe lower part of the whorl, but alternating in relative size in the samemanner as the latter. The penultimate and earlier whorls have abouteleven longitudinal waves or low ribs which become most prominenton the angle of the whorls, forming more or less prominent nodes.A prominent sutural riblet is developed on the posterior portion ofthe whorl. Suture wavy, appressed, distinct. Aperture pyriform;outer lip unknown but probably denticulate. Umbilicus subperforate.Dimensions.?Longitude (restored), about 5.5 mm. ; latitude, 29 mm. ; body whorl, 43 mm.; aperture, 30 mm.; deflection, about 62*^.Notes.?This variety differs from the typical Pisania fortis Car-penter, in being broader and in having prominently angulated whorls.The revolving lines in the former are also usually weaker than in thet3'pical form.Ty2M.?C?it. No. 164959, U.S.N.M.Locality.?^Xsm^VQ Canyon, near Union Oil Company's wells, 2imiles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California. (RalphArnold. ) Horizon.?Middle Fernando formation (lower Pliocene). Knownonly from the type locality where several specimens were found.PRIENE OREGONENSIS Redfield var. ANGELENSIS, new variety.Plate L, fig. 11.Description.?Shell averaging between 80 mm. and 100 mm. inlength, fusiform; spire elevated; apex blunt; whorls eight to ten, con-vex; sculpture of whorls consists of about twenty-four low and rathernarrow longitudinal ridges and about seven less prominent, inequidis-tant spiral ridges, the whole giving the surface a somewhat subduedcancellated appearance; the spiral ridges are augmented by numerousfine spiral stri?; suture deeply impressed, somewhat wavy; faint dis-continuous, rounded varices in some specimens; aperture subovate;outer lip not thickened; canal long, narrow, recurved. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLLUSKS FROM CALIFORNIA?ARNOLD. 537Dlnien8i(ms.?Of imperfect and distorted type; longitude, 71 mm.;latitude, 40 mm. ; body whorl, 54 mm.Notes.?This variety differs from the typical form by its longer, lessrecurved canal and much less pronounced sculpture. Named after thecity of Los Angeles, the type locality.Type.?Q^t. No. 164975^ U.S.N.M.Locality.?Third Street tunnel, Los Angeles, California. (HomerHamlin.)Horizon.?Lower Pliocene, probably equivalent of middle Fernandoformation. MUREX ELDRIDGEI, new species.Plate I., fig. 12.Description.?Shell broadly fusiform; spire elevated; apex sub-acute; whorls four, exceedingly convex and ornamented b}^ six prom-inent convex varices, which cross the whorl diagonally sloping forwardup from the base of the whorl to the suture, and each being appressedagainst the analogous varix of the antecedent whorl in such a way asto give the connected varices a left-handed spiral arrangement, sloping-backward down and across the whorls; varices extend full length ofbody whorl. Surface of whorls and varices ornamented with two orthree (six on body whorl) raised lines, between which are finer, moreor less beaded raised lines. Suture between the varices deeply im-pressed, forming pits. Aperture pyriform, narrowing into short,straight canal below; lips smooth.Dimensions.?Altitude, 24 mm.; latitude, 15 mm.; body whorl, 20mm.; aperture, 15 mm.Notes.?This species is closely allied to Murex incisus Broderip, butis distinguishable from the latter by its broader form, narrow col-umella, and simple varices which do not have posteriorly reflexedserrate varices over the sutural pits. Named in honor of the lateGeorge Romans Eldridge, of the United States Geological Survey.Type.?C2it. No. 164955, U.S.N.M.Localiiy.?Elsmere Canyon, near Union Oil Coinpany's wells, 2^miles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California. (RalphArnold.)Horizon,.?Middle Fernando formation (lower Pliocene).NASSA HAMLINI, new species.Plate L, fig. 9.Description.?Shell about 15 mm. in length, bluntly conical; spireelevated; apex blunt; whorls five or six, quite convex and crossed byseveral (on the l)ody whorl 12) rather sharp narrow ridges betweenwhich are wide interspaces; spiral sculpture consists of four equal, 538 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.subequidistant raised lines, of much less prominence than the lonj^i-tudinal ridges. Suture appressed, distinct, and only slightly wavy.Aperture ovate; outer lip thickened; cohunellar lip incrusted. Colu-mella slightly twisted, faintly spirally sculptured, and with groovenext to body whorl. Canal short.Dimensions.?Longitude, 15 mm,; latitude, 9 mm.Notes.?This species is unlike an}^ other West Coast form, beingcharacterized b}^ its blunt apical whorls, convex whorls, deep sutureand sharp naiTow longitudinal ridges. The type has a glossy surface.Named in honor of Mr. Homer Hamlin, city engineer of Los Angeles,California, to whom we are indebted for preserving the valuablepaleontological material taken out of the Third Street tunnel, LosAngeles.2ype.?C2^t. No. 164946, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Third Street tunnel, Los Angeles, California. (HomerHamlin.)Heyrizon.?Lower Pliocene, probably middle Fernando formation.CYPR^A FERNANDOENSIS, new species.Plate L, fig8. 8 and 8".Descr'qition.? '^V^W about 40 mm. in length, pyriform, ventricose,convolute; spire concealed; surface covered with brown enamel, someof which is retained; aperture long and narrow, with a canal at eachend, the anterior canal being the longer; outer lip inflected andcrenulated with about seventeen teeth; inner lip similarly crenuhited.Dimensions.?Longitude, 40 mm.; latitude, 24 mm.Notes.?This species, which is doubtless the precursor of C. spadiceaGraj^, is relatively broader, has a relatively broader and less protruding-anterior portion to the outer lip, has a relativel}^ broader and morenearl}^ straight aperture, fewer teeth, and has these teeth, especiallythose on the anterior portion of the inner lip, more evenly spaced,than in C. spadicea. Named for the Fernando formation, of whichit is supposed to be characteristic.Ty2?e.-Ciii. No. 164961, U.S.N.M.Locality.?Elsmere Canyon, near the Paciflc Coast Oil Company'swells, 2i miles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California.(Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Middle Fernando formation (Lower Pliocene).TURRITELLA COOPERI Carpenter var. FERNANDOENSIS new variety.Plate LI, tig, 13.Description.?Shell strong, acute-conic, when perfect probably oftwelve or more whorls; early whorls unknown; later whorls angu-lated both above and below near the suture; surface between the NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLL USKS FROM CALIFORNLi?ARNOLD. 539 angles flat or slightly concave and ornamented by four (including thoseat the angles) prominent spiral ridges; l)oth above the upper angleand below the lower one is a similar ridge; suture quite deeply im-pressed; base practically flat, faintly spirally sculptured; aperturesubquadrate.Dlnienstons.?Of the type, an imperfect specimen, altitude, 31 mm.;latitude, 12 mm.; altitude of body whorl, 13 mm.Notef<.?The spiral ribs in this variety are all of about equal prom-inence while in the typical Pleistocene forms the rib on each angle ismuch more prominent than those between, the latter being little morethan raised lines; the surface of the whorl between the angles is alsoless concave and the general shape of the shell less slender in var. ftv-7iandoensU than in typical cooper!.Type.? C^it. No. 164957, U. S. N. M.Locality.?Elsmere Canyon, near the Pacitic Coast Oil Company'swells, 2^ miles southeast of Newhall, Los Angeles County, California.(Ralph Arnold.)Horizon.?Middle Fernando formation (Lower Pliocene).EXPLANATION OF PLATE8.All figures are natural size unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicatedall specimens figured are from California.Plate XXXVIII.Fig. 1. Venerimrdia planicosta Lamarck. Cat. No. 164973, LT.8.N.M. Left valve;longitude, 84 mm. Eocene, Little Falls, Washington. This isthe most wide-spread and characteristic Eocene species in the world. Found in the Sespeand Silver Thread districts, Ventura County.la. View of anterior end of both valves of same.lb. View from above of both valves of same.2. Cardiwn cooperii Gabb. Cat. No. 164998, U.S.N.M. A decorticated rightvalve; longitude, 35 mm. Eocene, Rose Canyon, San Diego County. Acommon species in the Eocene of the West Coast.2a. View of both valves of same specimen from above.3. Meretrix hornil Gabb. Left valve; longitude, 36 mm. Pal. Cal., II, pi. xxx,fig. 78. A common species in the Eocene of the west coast.4. Modiolus ornatus Gabb. Right valve; longitude, 38 mm. Pal. Cal., I, pi.XXIV, fig. 166. Another species found in most Eocene faunas of the WestCoast. Figures 3, '^a, 'db, 5. and 7 are copied from Pal. Cal., I and II.Fig. 1. Pectf.ii {Chlami/s) calk'msl Arnold. Collection Lniv. California. An imper-fect left valve; altitude 45 mm. Eocene, Sisar Creek, Ventura County.2. Same species as fig. 1. Imperfect right valve; altitude, 29 mm. Same localityand collection as fig. 1.3. Pectcn (Propeamusmm) inierradlaius Gabb. Left valve; altitude, 25 nnn.Eocene shales at New Idria, San Benito County, and in Silver Threaddistrict, Ventura County. 540 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.Fig. 3a. Interior of left valve of same specimen.36. Outline of ears of right valve of same species.4. Glycymeris veatchii Gabb var. major Stanton. Cat. No. 165003, U.S.N.M.Imperfect left valve; longitude, 30 mm. Eocene, Rock Creek. Los AngelesCounty. Found in the lower Eocene (Martinez formation) in California.5. Cardiwn breiverii Gabb. Right valve; longitude, 51 mm. Common in theEocene (Tejon formation and equivalents).6. Teredo sp. Cat. No. 164972, U.S.N.M. Imperfect section of tube, lateralview; diameter, 11 mm. Eocene, Sisar Creek, Ventura County.6a. Same species as fig. 6. Cat. No. 164972, U.S.N.M. Cross section of acrushed specimen ; maximum diameter, 15 mm. Same locality as fig. 6.7. Fiisns remondii Gabb. Front view; altitude, 41 mm. Common in Eocene(Tejon formation and equivalents) on West Coast.7a. Magnified view of surface of original of fig. 7.8. Amauropsis alveahis Conrad. Cat. No. 165000, U.S.N.M. Front view ofpartially decorticated specimen; altitude 32 mm. Eocene, Rose Canyon,San Diego County. A characteristic Eocene gasteropod in California.9. Morio {Sco7ma) tuberculatus Gabb. Cat. No. 164999, U.S.N.M. Front viewof an imperfect and decorticated specimen; altitude 27 mm. Eocene, RoseCanyon, San Diego County. Perfect specimens have an anteriorly plicateplate over the inner lip; outer lip crenulate; revolving lines on surface.10. ('iilichna eostata Gabb. Cat. No. 165001, U.S.N.M. Front view of slightlyimperfect specimen; altitude 18 mm.; twice natural size. Eocene, RoseCanyon, San Diego County. Common in the Eocene (Martinez and Tejonformations and equivalents) in California.Plate XL.Fig. 1. Pecten {Li/ropeden) bowergi Arnold. Collection Univ. California. Holotype.Right valve; altitude 150 mm. ; about two-thirds natural size. Lower Mio-cene, Santa Inez Mountains, Santa Barbara County. Also abundant atsame horizon in Santa Monica Mountains and elsewhere. The left valveof this species is more convex than the right, but otherwise is very similar.2. Ostrea titan Conrad. Cat. No. 164987, U.S.N. 31. Side view of both valves;altitude of large valve 131 mm. ; two-thirds natural size. Lower Miocene,3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. This species is found inboth the upper and lower Miocene, and often grows to a length of 20inches (500 mm. ). (See Plate XLV, fig. 2. ) 3. Purpura edtnondi, new species. Cat. No. 164983, U.S.N.M. Holotype.Aperture view; altitude 19 mm.; about IJ times natural size. LowerMiocene, 3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County.3rt. Reverse view of same specimen as fig. 3; same enlargement.4. Chlorostoma {Oinphalius) dalli, new species. Cat. No. 164984, U.S.N.M.Holotype. Aperture view; latitude 12.5 nun.; IJ times natural size.Lower Miocene, 3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. A com-mon species in this horizon.4?. Top view of same specimen.4b. Base view of same specimen.5. Chlorostoma (Omphalius) dalli var. inornatm, new variety. Cat. No. 164986,U.S.N.M. Holotype. Top view; latitude 13.5 mm.; IJ times naturalsize. Same locality as fig. 4.6. Chlorostoma {Omphalius) dalli var. sxbnodosns, new variety. Cat. No. 164985,U.S.N.M. Holotype. Top view; latitude 13 mm.; 1| times natural size.Same locality as fig. 4.6a. Base view of same specimen as fig. 6. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLLUSKS FROM CALIFORNIA?ARNOLD. 541Fig. 7. Cerithium topangensis, new species. Cat. No. 164976, TJ.S.N.M. Holotype.Aperture view of imperfect specimen ; longitude 23 mm. ; 1 5 times naturalsize. Lower Miocene, 3 miles south of Calabasas, at head of TopangaCanyon, Los Angeles County. A common species at the type locality.8. Cerithium topangensis, new species. Cat. No. 164976, U.S.N.M. Cotype.Aperture view of imperfect specimen; longitude 13 mm.; IJ times naturalsize. Same locality as tig. 7.9. Cancellaria cf. condoni Anderson. Cat. No. 164981, U...S.N.j\L Back view ofimperfect specimen; altitude 21 mm.; H times natural size. Lower Mio-cene, 3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. This speciesappears to range from the San Joaquin Valley to the Santa Monica Moun-tains in the lower Miocene.Plate XLI.Fig. 1. Pecten {Lyropecten) magnolia Conrad. Collection Univ. California. Imper-fect right valve; altitude 14.5 mm.-. about two-thirds natural size. LowerMiocene, Vaqueros formation, Ojai Valley, Ventura County. Characteristicof the lower Miocene throughout central and southern California. The leftvalve has narrow, more rounded ribs.2. Pecten {Lyropecten) estrellanns Conrad. Cat. No. 164851, U.S.N.M. Leftvalve; altitude 97 mm.; about two-thirds natural size. Upper Miocene,Wildhorse Canyon, Monterey County. This species is usually abundant inboth the lower and upper Miocene faunas of central and portions of south-ern California. Ribs of right valve broader and anterior ear notched; other-wise similar to left.3. Drillia sp. Cat. No. 164977, U.S.N.M. Back view; longitude 13.5 mm.;about IJ times natural size. Lower Miocene, head of Topanga Canyon, 3miles'south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County.4. Macron merriami, new species. Cat. No. 164982, U.S.N.M. Holotype.Aperture view; longitude 23 mm.; about 1^ times natural size. LowerMiocene, same locality as tig. 3. This species appears to range over centraland southern California in the lower Miocene.4(t. Back view of same specimen.5. Sigaretus perrini, new species. Cat. No. 164979, U.S.N.M. Holotype.Aperture view of partially decorticated and imperfect specimen; altitude18.5 mm.; about 1^ times natural size. Lower Miocene, same locality asfig. 3.6.. Turbo topangensis, new species. Cat. No. 164980, U.S.N.M. Holotype.Aperture view; altitude 18.5 nun.; about IJ times natural size. LowerMiocene, same locality as fig. 3.6a. Top view of same specimen.66. Base view of same specimen.Plate XLII.Fig. 1. Pecten {Amusium) lompocensis Arnold. Cat. No. 164852, U.S.N.M. Para-type. Interior view, showing internal lirse; altitude 90 mm.; about two-thirds natural size. Lower Miocene, Ojai Valley, Ventura County. Thisform, so far as known, is confined to the lower Miocene of Santa Barbaraand Ventura counties.2. Ostrea eldridgei, new species. Cat. No. 164986, U.S.N.M. Holotype. Viewof exterior of larger valve; altitude 14.7 mm.; two-thirds natural size.Lower Miocene, supposed equivalent of Vaqueros formation, Elkins ranch,east of Grimes Canyon, south of Fillmore, Ventura County.2a. Lateral view of same specimen. 542 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.Fig. 3. Scutella fairbanJcsi Merriam. Cat. No. 164963, U.S.N.M. View of top, show-ing details; maximum diameter 36 mm. ; 1 J times natural size. Lower Mio-cene, supposed equivalent of Vaqueros formation, near Torrey Canyon wells,southwest of Piru, Ventura County; abundant. This species is also foundnear the base of the Vaqueros formation in the Sespe district. Supposedto be characteristic of the lower Miocene.Plate XLIII.Fig. 1. Venus [Chione) temblorensis Anderson. Cat. No. 164989, U.S.N.M. Exteriorof imperfect right valve; longitude 80 mm. Lower Miocene, head ofTojianga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. Usuallyabundant in the lower Miocene; a nearly related, possibly identical, formfound in the upper Miocene,la. Top view of same specimen.2. Miitilus matliewsomi Gabb var. expansus, new variety. Cat. No. 164968,U.S.N.M. Holotype. Right valve; altitude 10. T) mm. Lower Miocene,supposed equivalent of the Vaqueros formation, near Torrey Canyon wells,southwest of Piru, Ventura County. This species is usually found in thefaunas of the lower Miocene through central and southern California.3. Scutella fairbanksi Merriam. Cat. No. 164963, U.S.N.M. Same locality asfig. 2, but possibly at a somewhat lower horizon.4. Ocinebru iopangcnsis, new species. Cat. No. 164995, IT.S.N.M. H ilotype.Back view; altitude 59 mm. Lower Miocene, Topanga Canyon, 3 milessouth of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. So far known only from thishorizon. Plate XLIV.Fig. 1. Pecteii (Lyropecten) crassicardo Conrad. Cat. No. 164967, U.S.N.M. Exteriorof valve, showing characteristic sculpture; altitude 90 mm. Lower Miocene,Ojai Valley, Ventura County. This species ranges through the lower andupper Miocene, being commoner in the former in southern California, inthe latter in central California. It is sometimes more convex than thefigured specimen, and often shows concentric undulations of the disk.2. Pecten (Clilamys) sespeensis var. hijdei Arnold. Collection of Delos Arnold.Type. Right valve, ear missing; altitude 46 mm. Lower Miocene,Lynchs Mountain, San Luis Obispo County. Found also in the Vaquerosformation. Little Sespe Creek, and, with Myiilus maOieivsonii Gabb, in sui>posed equivalents of the Vaqueros formation near the Torrey Canyon wells,Ventura (bounty.3. Peden [Pseudamusium) peckhaiid Gabb. Cat. No. 164839, U.S.N.M. Rightand left valves in matrix; altitude of largest 17 mm. Monterey shale(middle Mio(,'ene) , southeast of Pinole, Contra Costa County. The type ofthis species came from the Ojai Valley, Ventura County. It is the com-monest form in tlie shales of the middle Miocene (Monterey, Modelo, andequivalent formations) and is also known from the Oligocene in the SantaCruz Mountains.4. Neverita callosa Gabb. Cat. No. 164992, U.S.N.M. View from above, speci-men slightly tilted; maximum latitude 44 mm. Lower Miocene, head ofTopanga Canyon, 3 miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County. Rangesthrough the Miocene. Common in the lower Miocene of southern SanJoaquin Valley and the Santa Monica Mountains.4a. View of base and aperture of same specimen, showing characteristic shapeof callous. NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLL USKS FROM CALIFORNLi?AENOLD. 543Plate XLV.Fig. 1. Peden {Hinnites) giganteus Gray. Cat. No. 164965, U.S.N.M. Exterior ofright valve; altitude 90 inm. Lower Miocene, supposed equivalent ofVaqueros formation, gulch east of Wiley Canyon, southwest of Piru,Ventura County. A very variable species, ranging from the low^er Mioceneto the Recent fauna.2. Ostrea titan Conrad. Cat. No. 164987, U.S.N.M. View of exterior of largervalve; altitude 131 mm. Lower Miocene, 3 miles south of Calabasas, LosAngeles County. A common form in the upper and lower Miocene; oftengrows to a length of 20 inches (500 mm. ) or more. (See Plate XL, fig. 2. ) 3. TrochUa costeUata Conrad. Cat. No. 164994, U.S.N.M. View from above;maximum diameter 38 mm. Same locality as fig. 2. Common in theMiocene.4. Phacoides richthofeni Gabb. Cat. No. 164978, U.S.N.M. Right valve; alti-tude 17.5 mm. Sauie locality as fig. 2.5. Balnnus concavus Bronn. Cat. No. 164971, U.S.N.M. Type. Lateral view;maximum latitude 26 mm. Lower INliocene, Little Sespe Creek, VenturaCounty. A very connnon species in this horizon.5a. Top view of same species. Plate XLVI.Fig. 1. PectC7i (CJdamg.'i) .sespeensi.s Arnold. California State Mining Bureau. Cotype.Portion of mold of interior of right valve; altitude 50 mm. Lower Miocene,Vaipieros formation, Sespe Canyon, Ventura County. A connnon speciesat the type locality; also found elsewhere in central and southern Californiain the lower Miocene,la. Mold of interior of left valve of same specimen.2. Pecten ( Chlamys) sespeemis Arnold. California State Mining Bureau. Plasto-type. Cast of exterior of slightly imperfect left valve (young) ; altitude18 mm. Same locality as fig. 1.3. Pecten {Lgropecfev) vaughani Arnold. Collection of Delos Arnold. Type.Right valve; altitude 37 mm. Lower Miocene, supposed ecjuivalent ofVaqueros formation, Cjai Valley, Ventura County.3?. View of left valve of same specimen.4. Do.'iinia ponderosa Gray . Cat. No. 164988, U.S.N.M. Imijerfect I'ight valve;altitude 80 mm. l>ower Miocene, 3 miles south of ('ala])asas, Los AngelesCounty. A common species from the lower Miocene to the Recent south-ern fauna of the west coast.5. Pleurotoma (Bathiftoma) keepi, new species. Cat. No. 164993, I'.S.N.M.Holotype. Back view of imperfect specimen. Same locality as fig. 4.Found also in this horizon at several localities in southern San JoaquinValley. Plate XLVII.Fig. 1. .irca camidoevsis Osmont. California State INIining Bureau. Holotype.Right valve; altitude 89 mm. Fernando formation, lower Pliocene orupper Miocene, 1 mile north of Camulos, ^'entura County. So far asknown this species is characteristic of the lower horizon of the Fernandoformation. Also reported from the Puente Hills,la. End view of same specimen as fig. 1.lb. Portion of surface of same specimen as fig. 1, enlarged, showing nodose ril)s.Proc. N. M. vol. xxxii?07 35 544 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.Plate XLVIII. Fig. 1. Arcavndticodata^o-wevhY- Cat. No. 12574, U.S.N. M. Rij^ht valve; longitude101 mm. Recent, San Uiego. Found in the lower Pliocene (Fernandoformation) in the Puente Hills, Orange County, and in the vicinity of LosAngeles*.2. Cardium quadrigenarium Conrad, var. fenwvdoetisis, new variety. Cat. No.164947, U.S.N.M. Holotype. Imijerfect left valve; longitude 58 mm.Lower Pliocene (Fernando formation), Elsmere Canyon, near Newhall,Los Angeles County. A common variety in the lower Pliocene. The typ-ical form with 44 ribs and less obliquity is found in the Recent.2a. View of umbos of same specimen from above.3. Area trilineata Conrad. Cat. No. 164948, U.S.N.M. Righfvalve of medium-sized specimen; longitude 40 mm. Same locahty as fig. 2. A commonspecies in the Pliocene of California. Also appears to extend down as faras the middle Miocene (Monterey).3a. Umbos and hinge area of same specimen viewed from above.4. ^rm ^ri/mmto Conrad. Cat. No. 164948, U.S.N.M. Portion of an adult leftvalve, showing the more comi^iex sculpture of the ribs in the later stagesof growth; altitude 60 mm. Same locality as fig. 2.5. Leda taphria Call. Cat. No. 164952, U.S.N.M. Right valve; longitude 36mm. ; twice natural size. Same locality as fig. 2. This species is commonfrom the Pliocene to the Recent fauna in the California province.5a. View of umbos of same specimen from above.6. Neverita reduziana Feiit. Cat. No. 164960, U.S.N.M. Back view; latitude 25mm. Same locality as fig. 2. A common species from the Pliocene to theRecent fauna; also probably occurs in the Miocene.Plate XLIX. Fig. 1. O.^trea veatchli Gahh. Cat. No. 153827, U.S.N.M. Exterior of valve; altitude90 mm. Lower Pliocene, San Diego. An abundant and characteristicspecies in many of the Pliocene localities from southern California to CerrosIsland, off Lower California.2. CalUsta {Amiantis) callosa Conrad. Cat. No. 164953, U.S.N.M. Imperfect leftvalve; altitude 50 mm. Lower Pliocene (Fernando formation), ElsmereCanyon, near Newhall, Los Angeles Count}^ Base evenly rounded in per-fect specimens. Common from Pliocene to Recent.3. CalUsta snhdiaphana Carpenter. Cat. No. 164951, U.S.N.M. Imperfect rightvalve; longitude 41 mm. Same locality as fig. 2. Abundant in the Plio-cene and also found in the Recent.4. Tcrebratalia smithi Arnold. Cat. No. 164977, U.S.N.M. Pedicle valve; longi-tude 42 mm. Pliocene, Temescal Canyon, 3 miles north of Santa Monica,Los Angeles County. Known only from the Pliocene. A somewhat vari-able species.4?. View of brachial valve of same specimen.5. Terebratalia smithi Arnold. Cat. No. 164977, U.S.N.M. Pedicle valve; longi-tude 29 mm. Same locality as fig. 4. More prominent ribbing than speci-men shown in fig. 4.5a. View of brachial valve of same specimen.6. Terebrataliaoccidentalis DaU. Cat. No. 164996, U.S.N.M. Brachial valve; lon-gitude 40 mm. Same locality as fig. 4. This species is most variable, as isevidenced by this and the following figures, which show a series collectedat one locality. Found in the lower Pliocene (and possibly upper Miocene). NO. 1545. NEW FOSSIL MOLL USKS FROM CALIFORNL 1?. 1RNOLD. 545Fig. 7. Same species and locality as fig. 6. Pedicle valve; longitude 29 nnn.7rt. View of brachial valve of same specimen.8. Same species and locality as fig. 6. Pedicle valve; longitude 22 nnn.8?. View of brachial valve of same specimen.9. Same species and locality as fig. 6. Pedicle valve of a less rugose variety;longitude 21 mm.9?. View of l)rachial valve of same specimen.Plate L.Fig. 1. Mija irunrata lAmvxws,. Gat. No. 164950, U.S.N.M. Left valve; longitude 46\ mm. Pliocene (Fernando formation), Elsmere Canyon, near Newhall, Los/ Angeles County. Found also in the Recent fauna of the Arctic regions.2. Trorhita filosa Gabb. Cat. No. 164949, U.S.N.M. Slightly imperfect speci-men viewed from above; maximum diameter 20 nmi. ; twice natural size.Same locality as fig. 1. Also found in the upper Miocene.2a. Same specimen. View from the side.3. Fissuridea mitrina Carpenter. Cat. No. 164945, U.S.N.M. Specimen viewedfrom above; longitude 14.5 mm. ; twice natural size. Lower Pliocene, Thirdstreet tunnel, Los Angeles. Also found in the Pleistocene and Recentfauna of the coast.3a. Same specimen; view from the side.4. Cancellaria fernandoensh, new species. Cat. No. 164956, U.S.N.M. Holo-type. Back view of imperfec^t specimen; altitude 17 mm.; twice naturalsize. Same locality as fig. 1. A similar or identical form was found in thePliocene of the San Diego well.5. Tritoninrn sp. Cat. No. 164954, U.S.N.M. Back view of imperfect si^eci-men; altitude 20 mm.; twice natural size. Same locality as fig. 1.6. Pi> Carpenter var. (/nji-uto/fl, new variety. Cat. No. 164958, U.S.N.M.Holotype Aperture view of imperfect adult; altitude 49 mm. Samelocality as fig. 1.8. (t'l/prsea fernandoensh, new species. Cat. No. 164961, U.S.N.M. Holotype. ^'iew from back; longitude 40 mm. So far known only from same localityas fig. 1.8'r. Ai^erture view of same specimen.9. iVttssa /iamim;', new species. Cat. No. 164946, U.S.N.M. Holotype. Aj^ertureview of imperfect specimen; longitude 15 mm. Same locality as fig. 3.10. Chrysodomus cf. a.rnoldi Rivers. Cat. No. 164962 U.S.N.M. Back view ofimi^erfect specdmen. Same locality as fig. 1. Known also from the Pleis-tocene of San Pedro, Los Angeles County.11. Priene oregonensis Redfield var angelenm, new variety. Cat. No. 164975,U.S.N.M. Holotype. Back view of imperfect and slightly contorted speci-men; longitude 71 nnn. Same locality as fig. 3. Conunon in the lowerPliocene of the Pacific coast. It is the precursor of the recent Friene ore-gonensis Redfield. ? 12. Miirex eldridgei, new species. Cat. No. 164955, U.S.N.]\L Holotype. Backview; longitude 24 mm.; twice natural size. Known only from the samelocality as fig. 1. Near the Recent M. incisus Broderip.13. Fecten (Chlamys) hastutus Sowerby var. strategus Dall. Collection of DelosArnold. Left valve; altitude 36 mm. Pliocene, Santa Barbara. Alsofound in the Pliocene of southern California. 546 FE0CEEDING8 OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii.Fig. 14. Pecten {Chlaviys) hellilamellatus Arnold. Collection of Delos Arnold. Holo-tj'pe. Right -smlve; altitude 18 mm. Pliocene, Pacific Beach, San Diego.Known only from this horizon at this locality.Plate LI.Fig. 1. Turrildla jutrhememi^ Wtanton. Cat. No. 165002, I'. S.N.M. Back view ofimperfect specimen; altitude 59 mm. Eocene, Rock Creek, Los AngelesCounty. This species is supposed to be characteristic of the Martinezformation ( lower Eocene ) . 2. Turritellauvasana Conra.d. Cat. No. 164974, U.S.N.M. Wax cast, back view ; altitude 41 mm. Sespe CanyQn, Ventura County. Supposed to be char-acteristic of the Tejon formation (middle Eocene).3. Turritella uvasaim Conrad. Cat. No. 165004, U.S.N.M. Back view of imper-fect specimen; altitude 44 mm. Eocene, Rose Canyon, San Diego County.4. Turritdla ineziana Conrad ( + T. hoffmanni Gabb). Cat. No. 164964, U.S.N.M.Lower Miocene, supposed equivalent of the Vaqueros formation, ChaffeeCanyon, southwest of Piru, Ventura County. Supposed to be character-istic of the lower Miocene; found from San Mateo to San Diego counties.5. Turritella ineziana Conrad. Cat. No. 164969, U.S.N.M. Back view of imper-fect specimen; altitude 36 mm. Tar Creek, north of Fillmore, VenturaCounty. Common in the Vaqueros formation, but good specimens are hardto obtain.6. Turritella ineziava Conrad var. sespeensis, new variety. Cat. No. 164970,U.S.N.M. Holotype. Aperture view of imperfect specimen; altitude 34mm. Same locality as fig. 5.7. Turritella ocoyana Conrad. Cat. No. 164990, U.S.N.M. Back view of imper-fect large specimen ; altitude 60 mm. Topanga Canyon, 3 miles south ofCalabasas, Los Angeles County. Supposed to be characteristic of the lowerMiocene. Common in central and southern California.8. Same species and locality; altitude 58 mm.9. Same species and locality; altitude 32 mm. ; upper whorls.10. Turritella ronato Conrad. Cat. No. 164991, U.S.N.M. Back view of imper-fect specimen; altitude 34 mm. Same locality as fig. 7. Supposed to becharacteristic of the lower Miocene; so far known only in Fresno Coijntyand south.11. Same species and locality; slender variety; altitude 59 mm.12. Same species and locality; broad variety; altitude 43 mm.13. Turritella cooper i Carpenter {yar. ) fernandoensis, new variety. Cat. No. 164957,U.S.N.M. Type. Aperture view of imperfect specimen; altitude 31 mm.Lower Pliocene, Fernando formation, Elsmere Canyon, near Newhall, LosAngeles County. A common form in the lower Pliocene of southernCalifornia.14. Turritella rooperi Carpenter. Collection of Delos Arnold. Aperture view oftypical form. Lower Pleistocene, lower San Pedro formation, DeadmanIsland, San Pedro, Los Angeles County. Common in the Pliocene andlower Pleistocene from Ventura County southward.15. Turritella jeu'etti Carpenter. Collection of Delos Arnold. Typical form,aperature view; altitude 70 mm. Same locality and horizon as fig. 14;geologic and geographic range also about the same. * U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XXXVIII Eocene Pelecypoda.For explanation of plate see page 539. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS. VOL. XXXII PL. XXXIX ^>' ^? / Eocene Pelegypoda and Gasteropoda.For Explanation of plate see pages 539, 540. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XL Miocene Pelecypoda and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see pages 540, 541. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLI MiOGENt PLLhCYPODA AND GASTEROPODA.For explanation of plate see page 541. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLII Miocene Echinoidea and Pelecypoda.For explanation of plate see pages 541, 542. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLIII Miocene Echinoidea, Pelecypoda, and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see page 542. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLIV ---s*'!S% ^ /I I VII . .' 21^^ Miocene Pelecypoda and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see page 542. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXll PL. XLV Miocene Pelecypoda, Gasteropoda, and Crustacea.For explanation of plate see page 543. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLVI Miocene Pelecypoda and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see page 543. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLVII/fw'^r^ \ / i^ ifit^}^ ^S' {,'ff Xf'^ -^ "NH'^^i ( ^"V 9 *" "*^^^i:^'rr ,^ / Pliocene Arcas.For EXPLAhATlON OF PLATE SEE PAGE 543. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLVIIl Pliocene Pelecypoda and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see page 544. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. XLIX Pliocene Brachiopoda and Pelecypoda.For explanation of plate see pages 544, 545. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS. VOL. XXXII PL. L Pliocene Pelecypoda and Gasteropoda.For explanation of plate see pages 545. 546. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. XXXII PL. LI Tertiary Turritellas.For explanation of plate see page 546.