Studies of the Subtribe Taehyina
(Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini),
Part II: A Revision of the
New World-Australian Genus
Pericompsus LeConte
TERRY L. ERWIN
m
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY ? NUMBER 162
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O Z O O L O G Y ? N U M B E R 1 6 2
Studies of the Subtribe Tachyina
(Coleoptera: Garabidae: Bembidiini),
Part II: A Revision of the
New World-Australian Genus
Pericompsus LeConte
Terry L. Erwin
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS
City of Washington
1974
ABSTRACT
Erwin, Terry L. Studies of the Subtribe Tachyina (Coleoptera: Carabidae:
Bembidiini), Part II: A Revision of the New World-Australian Genus Pericomp-
sus LeConte. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 162, 96 pages, 161 fig-
ures, 1 table, 1974.?The New World-Australian Genus Pericompsus LeConte is
revised and thirty-five species are described as new; thirty-three of forty-nine previ-
ously described and named species are retained as valid, the other sixteen names are
recognized as junior synonyms, twelve of them for the first time; two new sub-
genera are erected, one for the Australian species and one for a Neotropical
group of species; three previously erected generic names are recognized as junior
synonyms, one of them for the first time. A key to subgenera, species groups, and
species is given and pertinent characteristics are illustrated. All taxa are described
or redescribed and partially illustrated. Distribution for each species is listed by
locality records and pictorially provided by dot maps. Evolutionary considerations
and natural history are discussed where data are available.
OFFICIAL I?I'BI.IC:ATION DATE is handstampcd in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded
in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 4937. SERIFS COVER DESICN:
The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus).
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Erwin, Terry L., 1940-
Revision of the New World-Australian genus Pericompsus LeConte.
(His Studies of the subtribe Tachyina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini) pt. 2) (Smithsonian
contributions to zoology, no. 162)
1. Pericompsus. 2. Insects?Australia. I. Title. II. Series. III. Scries: Smithsonian Institution.
.Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 162.
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Contents
Page
Introduction 1
Acknowledgments 3
Methods 3
Terminology 3
Checklist of Pericompsus species 5
Genus Pericompsus LeConte 5
Key to the Subgenera, Species Groups, and Species 6
Upocompsus, new subgenus 11
The yarrensis group 12
1. P. yarrensis (Blackburn), new combination 12
The australis group 12
The australis subgroup 12
2. P. australis (Schaum), new combination 14
3. P. olliffi (Sloane), new combination 15
4. P. bogani (Darlington), new combination 15
5. P. habitans (Sloane), new combination 16
The punctipennis subgroup 16
6. P. punctipennis (Macleay), new combination 16
7. P. seticollis (Sloane), new combination 19
8. P. semistriatus (Blackburn), new combination 20
9. P. pubifrons (Darlington), new combination 20
Eidocompsus, new subgenus 21
The brasiliensis group 24
10. P. reticulatus, new species 24
11. P. brasiliensis (Sahlberg), new combination 26
12. P. metallicus Bates 28
13. P. dynastes, new^species 28
14. P. immaculatus Bates 30
15. P. commotes, new species 31
16. P. bilbo, new species 31
17. P. leucocarenus, new species 34
18. P. crossarchon, new species 34
19. P. crossodmos, new species 35
The gongylus group ? 35
20. P. gongylus, new species 37
The jeppeseni group 37
21. P. jeppeseni (Jensen-Haarup), new combination 37
22. P. tolype, new species 39
Subgenus Pericompsus sensu stricto 40
The univittatus group 40
23. P. univittatus (Jensen-Haarup), new combination 40
The ephippiatus group 41
24. P. ephippiatus (Say) ? 41
25. P. sagma, new species 45
iii
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Page
26. P. leechi, new species 46
27. P. pauli, new species 47
28. P. nevermanni (Darlington), new status 48
29. P. reichei (Putzeys) . 49
30. P. laetulus LeConte . 50
31. P. longulus Bates 50
32. P. silicis, new species 51
33. P. tlaloc, new species 54
34. P. gracilior (Bates), new combination 56
35. P. jamcubanus, new species 57
36. P. eleganlulus (Laferte), new combination 57
37. P. morantensis, new species 61
38. P. philipi, new species 62
39. P. prionomus, new species 63
40. P. histrionellus Bates 64
41. P. circuliformis (Solier) 64
42. P. andinus (Jensen-Haarup), new combination 65
43. P. nonandinus, new species 66
44. P. amygdali, new species 66
45. P. callicalymna, new species 68
46. P. tetraphalarus, new species 68
47. P. subincisits, new species 70
48. P. eitbothrus, new species 71
49. P. jucundus Schaum 71
50. P. alcimns, new species 72
51. P. clitellaris (Erichson) 74
52. P. pegasus, new species 75
53. P. micropegasus, new species 75
54. P. aeon, new species 77
55. P. anassa, new species 77
The sellatus group 78
56. P. sellatus LeConte 78
The centroplagiatus group 79
57. P. centroplagiatus (Putzeys) 80
58. P. picticornis Bates 83
59. P. diabalius, new species 83
60. P. stenocitharus, new species 84
61. P. crossotus, new species 85
The hirsutus group . . 85
62. P. hirsutus Schaum 85
63. P. polychaetus, new species 88
64. P. grossepunctatus Bates 88
The incisus group 89
65. P. incisus Bates 89
66. P. concinnus (Laferte), new combination 91
67. P. rorschachinus, new species 92
68. P. carinatus, new species 93
Natural History 93
Evolutionary and Zoogeographic Considerations 94
Literature Cited 95
Studies of the Subtribe Tachyina
(Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini),
Part II: A Revision of the
New World-Australian Genus
Pericompsus LeConte
Terry L. Erwin
Introduction
The purposes, goals, and general methods of this
study are explained in Part I (Erwin, 1973). The
present part deals with a moderately large New
World-Australian genus of riparian or at least
subhygrophilus Tachyina.
The species of the genus Pericompsus have never
been collectively reviewed. The literature mostly
consists of brief original descriptions from a variety
of authors. Darlington's (1963) review of the
australis group of Tachys is the only synoptic
treatment of any part of the genus as here defined,
although Sloane (1896, 1921) treated some of the
australis group in a general key to Australian
Tachys species. Some early authors placed Peri-
compsus species in genera such as Bembidium (now
spelled Bembidion), Trechus, and Tachys. Most
catalogs have treated all species actually described
in Pericompsus as Tachys. One species described by
Motschulsky (1844:261) as Pericompsus punctatel-
lus is really a Bembidion (type in MMM) from the
Lake Baikal region. This synonymy was recognized
by Bates (1871:247).
Terry L. Erwin, Department of Entomology, National Mu-
seum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washing-
ton, D.C. 20560.
The immature stages of Pericompsus are un-
known. Indications as to when larvae and pupae
are present in the fauna are derived from the dis-
covery of teneral adults. This information is given
under each pertinent species description and then
summarized and analyzed under "Natural History"
at the end of the paper.
Until now, the australis group and yarrensis
group as here defined were not considered as part
of Pericompsus although Bates (1882:145) alluded
to the relationship. However, I think there is ample
evidence that this relationship is real, and the evi-
dence is provided in the descriptions below. This
evidence is weighed against an unpublished back-
ground study of all the rest of the world Tachyina.
Based on the evidence presented in the descriptions
and the background study mentioned above, I con-
clude that the Pericompsus species exhibit three
major trends of evolutionary development (Figure
161) which are reflected in my subgeneric arrange-
ment. Each of these three major trends exhibits
two or more minor trends, each of which is reflected
by my species group arrangement. Finally, some of
the species groups show still further specialized
trends which are reflected in my species subgroups.
Unlike the primitive Xystosomus of Part I, Peri-
compsus is a derived group. Its relationships within
the higher Tachyina must await the detailed analy-
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURE 1?Habitus of P. nevermanni female, Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica.
NUMBER 162
sis of other derived groups. This will be discussed
in another part of the study where all generic
components can be treated together. However,
phylogeny and zoogeography of Pericompsus species
are discussed here in a general way.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.?I heartily thank the follow-
ing people for making this study possible: La Verne
Erwin, my wife, for field work, measuring of speci-
mens, and plotting distributions; Professor P. J.
Darlington, Jr., for providing museum space, equip-
ment, and discussions during a Research Fellowship
at the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ),
and for the loan of specimens; Professor C. H.
Lindroth for providing working space, equipment,
and discussions during a year's visit to Lund Uni-
versity in Sweden. This study was supported in
part by the American Philosophical Society (Pen-
rose Fund #5795) through funds provided for type
studies at the British Museum (Natural History)
and the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle,
Paris; and by the environmental sciences program
of the Smithsonian Institution through funds pro-
vided for field work, equipment, and support per-
sonnel. The following people are warmly thanked
for loan of specimens and/or help in studying
collections in their charge:
R. T. Allen, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville,
Arkansas (RTA1); G. E. Ball and D. R. Whitehead,
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (UASM);
R. T. Bell, University of Vermont, Burlington, Ver-
mont (RTBe); Mme. A. Bons, Museum National
d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHP); K. W. Cooper,
University of California, Riverside, California
(KWCo); Mme. M. Coulloudon, University of
Montreal, Montreal, Quebec (UMon); M. Druck-
enbrod, National Museum of Natural History,
Washington, D.C. (MDru); P. Hammond, British
Museum (Natural History), London (BMNH); F.
Hieke, Zoological Museum of Humboldt Univer-
sity, Berlin (HUB); Mme. S. I. Kelejnikova,
Moscow University Zoological Museum, Moscow,
(MMM); H. B. Leech, California Academy of Sci-
ences, San Francisco, California (CAS); J. Negre,
Versailles, France (JNeg); R. de Ruette, Canadian
National Collection, Ottawa, Ontario (CNC); H.
Silverberg, University Zoological Museum, Helsinki,
Finland (UZMH); B. Petersen, Zoological Museum,
Copenhagen, Denmark (ZMC).
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Re-
search Organization (CSIRO), Canberra City,
Australia, is the probable location of the old Aus-
tralian types.
In addition, I thank M. Druckenbrod for the
habitus and body profile drawings and G. Steyskal
for help with making Greek and Latin names.
Specimens deposited in the National Museum of
Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, are
listed under the catalog numbers of the old United
States National Museum (USNM).
METHODS.?This study is the result of the exami-
nation of 2,039 specimens of Pericompsus and sev-
eral thousand specimens of other Tachyina. Peri-
compsus members are readily collected because of
their easily accessible riparian habitat or sub-
hygrophilus habits and their attraction to ultra-
violet light. However, many species, especially South
American ones, are poorly represented in collections,
and it is hoped the information provided here will
stimulate collectors and natural historians to look
carefully for these small, beautifully colored beetles.
The methods used here are the same as described
in Part I of this study (Erwin, 1973) and need not
be repeated here.
A new illustration of the code for elytral
chaetotaxy (Figure 2) is provided here, as a new
setal position was discovered in members of this
genus. The previous illustration (Erwin, 1972) is
thus superseded. Note that the short line accom-
panying the habitus and body profile illustrations
equals 1.0 mm, and the line accompanying the
genitalia illustrations equals 0.25 mm. Unless other-
wise noted in the legends accompanying distribu-
tion maps, a circled star represents a locality I
could not find exactly or a locality given on a label
simply as county or state without specific reference.
All type-specimens were seen unless otherwise noted.
The abbreviations given under "Acknowledg-
ments" indicate the museums from which studied
specimens were borrowed. The locality records are
listed in the following order: Country, state,
province, or other political subdivision, exact lo-
cality (abbreviation of museum in which specimen
or specimens are housed).
TERMINOLOGY.?The confusion of coleopterists
when reading or writing descriptions of elytral sur-
face structure is the result of a very loose definition
of the word "stria." Many coleopterists use the
term in its strictest sense, that is, an impressed line
or furrow. Others refer to any longitudinal elytral
surface structure, even a serial row of punctures as
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
eo9
FIGURE 2.?Hypothetical elytron showing all known positions
of setae in tachyine beetles. The Eo series is the elytral
"ombilicate" setal positions. The Ed series is the elytral disc
positions. The small letters represent various positions in
which these seate are found in different tachyine groups.
a "stria." Spilman (1971) discussed the problem
and has generated much verbal controversy, at least
at the National Museum of Natural History. In the
past, coleopterists have used the following termi-
nology for elytral surface structure:
a. Impressed longitudinal line or shallow furrow = stria.
b. Impressed unconnected punctures arranged in longitu-
dinal rows = serial row of punctures.
c. Impressed punctures that are longitudinally connected
and arranged in rows = punctate stria.
d. Deeply impressed longitudinal groove = sulcate stria.
Furthermore, the intervals between the rows of
elytral structure may be flat, convex, costate,
carinate, bicarinate, and so on.
This problem in terminology among coleopterists
is a lack of a term for the actual structure that ex-
hibits the various conditions described in a to d. If
the intervals (see above) are the derived character
state of the wing veins of the primitive beetle wing,
and if the structures between the intervals are the
derived character state of the wing "cells" or mem-
brane, then the latter should have a name equiva-
lent to "interval." Unfortunately, coleopterists have
used "stria" for this structure since a "stria" (in its
proper definition) on a beetle elytron is common
to most coleopterous families and thus to most
coleopterists. When the unnamed elytral structure
described above is a serial row of unconnected
punctures some coleopterists retain the term "stria"
as a structural name, rather than a descriptive
name. Therein lies the problem. Both applications
of the term have been used for a long time among
diverse coleopterists and it will be a long time
before the issue is finally settled.
Eight structural rows on each elytron is pleiso-
morphic in Tachyina. In certain groups, one or
more of the these structural rows have disappeared.
In describing these animals it is sometimes neces-
sary to indicate which rows have been lost. (This is,
of course, the phylogenetic descriptive technique.
Another descriptive technique is to state only what
one sees when looking at a specimen. This method
does not take into account evolutionary changes
within taxa, nor does it allow for phylogenetic
comparisons in the descriptive process. I endeavor
to make my descriptions comparative within a
broad taxon framework.)
One cannot state "stria 7 absent" without mean-
ing the plesiomorphic elytral structure was indeed
a stria; it may have been a serial row of punctures
or some other modification of the unnamed struc-
ture. In this case, I have adopted a new term to
mean the basic elytral structure occurring between
the elytral intervals and this term is "interneur."
Since the word is a noun, it can be combined with
any of the usual adjectives used in describing beetle
NUMBER 162
elytra; for example, interneur striate, strjatio-
punctate, costate, and punctate. The word can also
be used in a topographic reference sense; for exam-
ple, interneur 7 and interneur 1. Or it can be used
in a general descriptive sense; for example, elytron
with eight interneurs, fourteen interneurs. In the
present paper I have used this format throughout.
In addition, an elytron of most beetles has a
"lateral channel" dorsomedially to the epipleura
and lateral to the lateralmost interval or interneur.
This lateral channel is the groove formed by the
margin of the elytron as it is refiexed away from
the convex-shaped disc.
Checklist of Pericompsus species
Subgcnus Upocompsus, new subgenus
The yarrensis group
1. P. yarrensis (Blackburn), 1892:20
The ausiralis group
2. P. australis (Schaum), 1863:90
3. P. olliffi (Sloane), 1896:376
4. P. bogani (Darlington), 1963:27
5. P. habitans (Sloane), 1896:386
6. P. punetipennis (Macleay), 1871:116
7. P. seticollis (Sloane), 1896:366
8. P. semistriatus (Blackburn), 1888:41
9. P. pubifrons (Darlington), 1963:24
Subgenus Eidocompsus, new subgenus
The brasiliensis group
10. P. reticulatus, new species
11. P. brasiliensis (Sahlberg), 1844:513
12. P. metallicus Bates, 1871:246
13. P. dynastes, new species
14. P. immaculatus Bates, 1871:246
15. P. commotes, new species
16. P. bilbo, new species
17. P. leucocarenus, new species
18. P. crossarchon, new species
19. P. crossodmos, new species
The gongylos group
20. P. gongylus, new species
The jeppeseni group
21. P. jeppeseni (Jensen-Haarup), 1910:553
22. P. tolype, new species
Subgenus Pericompsus sensu stricto
The univittatus group
23. P. univittatus (Jensen-Harrup), 1910:553
The ephippiatus group
24. P. ephippiatus (Say), 1834:439
25. P. sagma, new species
26. P. leechi, new species
27. P. pauli, new species
28. P. nevermanni (Darlington), 1934:160
29. P. reichei (Putzeys), 1846:415
30. P. laetulus LcConte, 1851:192
31. P. longulus Bates, 1878:601
32. P. silicis, new species
33. P. tlaloc, new species
34. P. gracilior (Bates) , 1884:289
35. P. jamcubanus, new species
36. P. elegantulus (Laferte), 1841:46
37. P. morantensis, new species
38. P. philipi, new species
39. P. prionomus, new species
40. P. histrionellus Bates, 1884:290
41. P. circuliformis (Solier), 1849:165
42. P. andinus (Jensen-Haarup), 1910:554
43. P. nonandinus, new species
44. P. amygdali, new species
45. P. callicalymma, new species
46. P. tetraphalarus, new species
47. P. subincisus, new species
48. P. eubothrus, new species
49. P. juncundus Schaum, 1859:202
50. P. alcimus, new species
51. P. clitellaris (Erichson), 1847:73
52. P. pegasus, new species
53. P. micropegasus, new species
54. P. aeon, new species
55. P. anassa, new species
The sellatus group
56. P. sellatus LeConte, 1851:191
The centroplagiatus group
57. P. centroplagiatus (Putzeys), 1846:415
58. P. picticornis Bates, 1871:245
59. P. diabalius, new species
60. P. stenocitharus, new species
61. P. crossotus, new species
The hirsutus group
62. P. hirsutus Schaum, 1863:88
63. P. polychaetus, new species
64. P. grossepunctatus Bates, 1871:245
The incisus group
65. P. incisus Bates, 1871:246
66. P. concinnus (Laferte), 1841:47
67. P. rorschachinus, new species
68. P. carinatus, new species
Genus Pericompsus LeConte
Pericompsus LeConte. 1851:191. [Type-species: Bembidium
ephippiatum Say, 1834:439. Subsequent designation by Le-
Conte, 1859:553.]
Tachysops Casey, 1918:171. [Type-species: Bembidium ephip-
piatum Say, 1834:439. Subsequent designation by Jeannel,
1941:423. Synonymized by Jeannel, 1941:423.]
Tachysalia Casey 1918:173. [Type-species: Pericompsus laet-
ulus LeConte, 1851:192, original designation. Synonymized
by Jeannel, 1941:423.]
Leiotachys Jeannel, 1962:616. [Type-species: Bembidium cir-
culiformus Solier, 1849:165, original designation. New
synonymy.]
6DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figures 1, 3, 25): Various,
members of most species elongate and depressed,
others subconvex and robust. Easily distinguished
from members of other Tachyina by the presence
of two mental foveae, punctate basal transverse im-
pression on the pronotum, elytral interneurs striate,
punctate or both, and female apical sternum with
4 setae in a straight row transversely across sternum.
Color: Body testaceous to black, elytra multi-
colored or concolorus, appendates mostly testaceous
or palpi and some antennal articles infuscated.
Head: Mentum with acute tooth on anterior mar-
gin, bifoveate; antenna with pubescence on apical
two-thirds of article 4 and all of articles 5-11, arti-
cles 2 and 3 plurisetose; frons with two or three
supraorbital setae per eye; eyes pubescent or not.
Prothorax: Prosternum plurisetose or glabrous;
coxal cavities biperforate?separate?closed; tibia
notched laterally at apex; claws simple.
Mesothorax: Elytron with marginal explanation
setose, serrate-setulose, or smooth, recurrent groove
moderately long, arcuate, and not quite parallel to
side margin but closer to it than suture, anterior
apex of recurrent groove straight, disc with five,
six or seven interneurs, interneur 8 punctate or
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
sulcate, if sulcate the sulcus foveate or not, inter-
vals flat, slightly convex, or carinate, plica pres-
ent, chaetotaxy various; middle coxae conjunct-
confluent.
Abdomen: Last visible sternum of female with
four setigerous pores in straight row across sternum,
that of male with two setigerous pores, sterna 3-6
of both sexes with accessory setae or not.
Secondary sexual characteristics: Male with
probasitarsus spiniform medially and with squamate
setae beneath; male with two slender parameres,
each with three to five setae, internal sac, and apex
of median lobe various; female with stylus of
ovipositor bladelike without spines but with two
small setae near apex.
Size: Length, 1.72-3.72 mm; width, 0.72-1.48 mm.
DISTRIBUTION.?The combined ranges of the 68
species of this genus extend from Massachusetts and
southern California (U.S.A.) to approximately 40?
S latitude in Chile and Argentina and throughout
Australia and Tasmania. One species is probably
introduced by man (Darlington, 1963) into New
Zealand. The majority of species occur in the
Neotropical region.
Key to the Subgenera, Species Groups, and Species
1. Interneur 8 subsulcate throughout length of elytron; range New World 2
Interneur 8 a serial row of punctures in basal two-thirds of elytra; range Australia,
Tasmania, New Zealand (subgenus Upocompsus, new subgenus) S
2. (1) Interneur 8 with a deep, nearly perforate fovea at or just anterior to middle of elytron;
elytron also with 2 various-sized subhumeral foveae; elytral seta Eo4 at position "d"
(Figure 2) (subgenus Pericompsus, sensu stricto) 23
Interneur 8 not foveate at or near middle of elytron; if foveate posterior to humerus,
then foveae shallow and bear setae or perforate fovea small and at basal fourth near
seta Eo4c (subgenus Eidocompsus, new subgenus) 11
3.(1) Elytron (Figure 4) with 8 interneurs, each an entire serial row of punctures; recurrent
groove not well impressed (yarrensis group) 1. P. yarrensis (Blackburn)
Elytron (Figures 5-11) with less than 8 interneurs, each only a partial serial row of
punctures; recurrent grove deeply impressed (australis group) 4
4.(3) Frons (Figure 11) with a large and depressed U-shaped area of pubescence
9. P. pubifrom (Darlington)
Frons glabrous, not depressed, and without pubescence 5
5.(4) Pronotum (Figure 9) anterolaterally with several accessory setae; elytral margin with
setiferous fringe, the setae longer than width of elytral explanation
7. P. setuoUis (Sloane)
Pronotum without accessory setae, only the two normal pairs present; elytral margin
with or without fringe 6
6. (5) Elytron with lateral margin with setiferous fringe, which is extended to apical sixth; the
setae longer than width of elytral explanation 6. P. punctipennis (Macleay)
Elytron with lateral margin without fringe, but humeral margin serrate-setulose in
basal fourth 7
NUMBER 162
7.(6) Pronotum without marginal bead, proepipleura smooth, fused to pronotum
8. P. semistriatus (Blackburn)
Pronotum with marginal bead 8
8. (7) Pronotum (Figure 7) broadly transverse with hind angles strongly obtuse, side margins
not sinuate in basal half 4. P. bogani (Darlington)
Pronotum narrower, with sharp hind angles and sinuate side margins 9
9.(8) Prosternum glabrous; color shiny piceous 5. P. habitans (Sloane)
Prosternum densely setiferous; color rufotestaceous or piceous 10
10.(9) Eyes (Figure 6) quite small and nearly flat; color piceous; flight wings reduced
3. P. olliffi (Sloane)
Eyes (Figure 5) large and prominent; color rufotestaceous; flight wings fully developed
2. P. australis (Schaum)
11.(2) Interneur 8 with a deep, but small, nearly perforate fovea at basal fourth near seta
Eo4c; form short, robust, and convex (jeppeseni group) 12
Interneur 8 without small fovea; form various 13
12.(11) Elytron with lateral margin fringed with setae from base to apical fourth, setae longer
than width of elytral explanation 22. P. tolype, new species
Elytron with lateral margin not fringed with setae, but basal fourth serrate-setulose
21. P. jeppeseni (Jensen-Haarup)
13.(11) Elytral interneuis with a very small number of large coarse punctures, each serial row
(2-6) with 7 or less punctures (goiigylus group) 20. P. gongylus, new species
Elytral interneurs with numerous punctures, each serial row with more than 10
punctures (brasiliensis group) 14
14.(13) Elytron dorsal surface with finely impressed, nearly isodiametric reticulation
10. P. reticulatus, new species
Elytron dorsal surface without reticulate microsculpture 15
15.(14) Elytron with lateral margin fringed with setae from base to apical fourth, setae longer
than width of elytral explanation 16
Elytron without fringe, but may have humeral margin serrate-setulose in basal fourth ...17
16.(15) Forebody dark piceous or black, sharply contrasting with rufescent elytra; eyes rather
small, longitudinal diameter (dorsal view) subequal to combined length of basal two
antennal articles 19. P. crossodmos, new species
Forebody rufopiceous, not strongly contrasting with rufescent elytra; eyes large and
prominent, longitudinal diameter greater than combined length of basal two antennal
articles 18. P. crossarchon, new species
17.(15) Elytron with 6 interneurs, each a serial row of punctures 12. P. metallicus Bates
Elytron with 5 interneurs, each a serial row of punctures 18
18.(17) Pronotum with hind angles slightly obtuse, side margins not or feebly sinuate 19
Pronotum with hind angles about right or slightly acute, side margins moderately sinuate
21
19.(18) Dorsal surface bicolored or, at least, two-toned with head, pronotum, and elytral disc
rufous, elytral margins testaceous 15. P. commotes, new species
Dorsal surface uniformly concolorus, piceous or rufopiceous 20
20.(19) Antennal articles 4-11 infuscated, body piceous, size large, length, 2.76 mm, width,
1.12 mm 13. P. dynastes, new species
Antennal articles testaceous, body rufopiceous; size small, length, 2.20-2.28 mm, width,
0.96-1.04 mm 16. P. bilbo, new species
21.(18) Antennal articles 4-11 darkly infuscated; forebody and venter dark piceous or black;
elytral margins paler than elytral disc 11. P. brasiliensis (Sahlberg)
Antennal articles testaceous or lightly infuscated at most; forebody and venter infuscated
at most, usually rufous or paler; elytral margins concolorous with disc or paler 20
22. (21) Dorsal surfaces concolorus rufotestaceous; elytral punctation very fine, in general punc-
tures separated longitudinally by their own diameter or less
14. P. immaculatus Bates
Dorsal surfaces bicolored, head, pronotum, and elytral disc rufous or infuscated, elytral
margins paler than disc; elytral punctation coarsely impressed, in general punctures
separated longitudinally by more than their own diameter
17. P. leucocarenus, new species
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
23.(2) Pronotum broadly explanate at sides and strongly narrowed posteriorly with acutely
denticulate hind angles; eyes densely pubescent; interneur 8 with 2 large subequal
fovcae; elytral disc with 6 entire striate-punctate interneurs; dorsal surface granulate
(sellatus group) 56. P- sellatus LeContc
Combination of characteristics not as above 24
24.(23) Elytron with 7 interneurs, each a serial row of punctures and interval 7 carinate at apex;
interneur 8 with 2 very small, nearly perforate fovcae, one just anterior to middle
and the other at basal fourth (univti talus group)
23. P- univittatus (Jensen-Haarup)
Combination of characteristics not as above 25
25.(24) Elytron with disc plurisctose (hirsu-tus group) 26
Elytron with only 2 or 3 setae in interval 3 28
26. (25) Head each side with 2 supraorbital setiferous pores; pronotum with well-defined lateral
bead 62. P. hirsutus Schaum
Head each side with 3 supraorbital setiferous pores; pronotum without lateral bead in
basal two-thirds 27
27.(26) Antennal articles uniformly testaceous; elytra rufous at base, paler apically
62. P. grossepunctatus Bates
Antennal articles 1-3 testaceous, 4-6 infuscated, 7-11 white; elytra testaceous with rufous
cloud on disc 63. P. polychaetus, new species
28. (25) Elytron with each interval, immediately adjacent to punctate interneur carinate, punc-
tures thus set in a furrow, carinae entire at apex; humeral margin strongly angulate
and connected to carinate base of interneur 7 (incisus group) 29
Elytron with intervals flat or slightly convex; humeral margin angulate or not, connected
to base of interneur 4 or not, punctures well separated and/or feebly striatc between,
but not set in a deep furrow S2
29. (28) Pronotum and head with perfectly isodiamctric and well-impressed reticulation, surface
smooth 30
Pronotum and head with moderately strongly granulate reticulation, surface rugose 31
30. (29) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 located anterior to level of seta Ed3a; humeral
margin smooth 67. P. rorschachinus, new species
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 located posterior to level of seta Ed3a; humeral
margin serratc-setulose in basal fourth 65. P. incisus Bates
31.(29) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 small, subequal in diameter to posterior fovea of
humeral group; elytral intervals strongly carinate, flat part of intervals almost absent;
pronotum quadrate with broadly reflexed marginal explanations
68. P. carinatus, new species
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 large; larger in diameter than posterior fovea of
humeral group; elytral intervals moderately carinate; flat part of intervals quite
evident; pronotum siibcordate with narrowly reflexed marginal explanations
66. P. concinnus (Laferte)
32.(28) Elytron with interval 3 trisctose, setae in positions Ed-2, 3a, and 5a
(centroplagiatus group) 33
Elytron with interval 3 bisetosc, setae in positions Ed-3a and 5a (ephippiatus group) 37
33. (32) Elytron with lateral margin fringed with setae from base to apical third, setae longer
than width of elytral explanation 6. P. crossotus, new species
Elytron without fringe, but humeral margin in basal fourth may be finely serrate-setose,
setae very short 34
34.(33) Pronotum laterally with a single pair of setiferous pores, pores located at middle
59. P. diabalius, new species
Pronotum laterally with two pairs of setiferous pores, pores located at middle and at
hind angles 55
35.(34) Elytron dull, with moderately well-impressed, nearly isodiametric reticulation
60. P. stenocitharus, new species
Elytron shiny, without microsculpture 36
36. ("55) Body color uniformly rufous, apex of elytron sometimes paler due to white flight wings
folded beneath; antennal articles 3-6 infuscated 58. P. picticornis Bates
Body color testaceous with rufopiceous elytral cloud; antennae testaceous
57. P. centroplagiatus (Putzeys)
NUMBER 162
37. (32) Color dark piceous or almost black, each elytron with 2 white spots, outer antennal
articles infuscated, appendages testaceous 29. P. reichei (Putzeys)
Color various; head and pronotum, if dark, always differently pigmented from each
other, elytra pale with darker cloud or spots 38
48.(37) Elytron with evident, nearly isodiametric reticulation, surface relatively dull 39
Elytron without reticulation, surface very shiny 60
39. (38) Pronotum laterally with a single pair of setiferous pores, pores located at middle;
prothorax very large and robust; elytra tri-colored, white, black, and rufotestaceous ....
55. P. anassa, new species
Pronotum laterally with two pairs of setiferous pores, pores located at middle and hind
angles; prothorax normal; elytra without white coloration 40
40. (39) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 much larger in diameter than posterior fovea of
humeral group 41
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 subequal to or only slightly larger in diameter
than posterior fovea of humeral group (doubtful cases treated in both directions) ...47
41.(40) Elytron with interneurs 3-6 well impressed in apical third, entire or nearly so 42
Elytron with interneurs 3-6 effaced in apical third 44
42.(41) Pronotum broad and subquadratc with shallow sinuations laterally in basal half
44. P. amygdali, new species
Pronotum subcordate, strongly narrowed and sinuate laterally in basal half 43
43.(42) Form and elytral pattern (Figure 110) 46. P. tetraphalarus, new species
Form and elytral pattern (Figure 120) 48. P. eubothrus, new species
44.(41) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 huge, much larger in diameter than width of
elytral interval 6 45
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 moderately large, subequal or smaller in diameter
than width of elytral interval 6 46
45. (44) Pronotum quadrate, sides feebly sinuate in basal half; elytron with punctures of
interneurs large and mostly separated longitudinally by more than their own diameter
38. P. nevermanni (Darlington)
Pronotum subcordate, sides strongly constricted and sinuate in basal half; elytron with
punctures of interneurs small and mostly separated longitudinally by less than their
own diameter 40. P. histrionellus Bates
46. (44) Elytron with humeral margin coarsely serrate-setulose; interneurs with large, coarsely
impressed punctures (in part) 50. P. alcimus, new species
Elytron with humeral margin smooth and minutely setulose; interneurs with small,
finely impressed punctures (in part) 42. P. andinus (Jensen-Haarup)
47. (40) Elytron with base of interneur 4 not carinate and separated from base of humeral margin
by the width, at least, of elytral interval 1 48
Elytron with base of interneur 4 at least feebly carinate and connected to base of
angulate or rounded humeral margin 49
48. (47) Elytron with 6 entire and striate-punctate interneurs, punctures very fine and shallowly
impressed; form elongate and depressed 54. P. aeon, new species
Elytron with 6 punctate interneurs, punctures separated, large and coarsely impressed;
form robust 36. P. elegantulus (Laferte)
49. (47) Head between eyes with very shallowly impressed (almost effaced) isodiametric reticula-
tion 50
Head between eyes with strongly impressed isodiametric reticulation 52
50. (49) Forebody and venter pale rufous; form short and convex, with narrowly subcordate
pronotum 49. P. jucundus Schaum
Forebody infuscated, venter piceous; form elongate, with broad transverse pronotum ... 51
51.(50) Elytra with extensive piceous cloud (Figure 76) ; pronotum with very narrowly reflexed
margins especially in basal half 32. P. siiicis, new species
Elytra with smaller piceous cloud (Figure 65); pronotum with moderately wide reflexed
margins from base to apex 31. P. longulus Bates
52.(49) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 large, large enough to slightly constrict width
of interval 7 53
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 small, width of interval 7 not constricted 54
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
53.(52) Elytron with humeral margin coarsely serrate-setulose
(in part) 50. P. alcimus, new species
Elytron with humeral margin smooth, minutely setulose
(in part) 42. P. anditws (Jensen-Haarup)
54. (52) Pronotum, medial to hind angles, strongly carinate, carina extended to at least midpoint
of marginal sinuation; elytron with humeral margin coarsely serrate-setulose
51. P. clitellaris (Erichson)
Pronotum, medial to hind angles, feebly or not carinate, if feebly carinate then carina
short and not extended anteriorly to midpoint of marginal sinuation; elytron with
humeral margin smooth, setulose, or very feebly serrate-setulose 55
55. (54) Elytral pattern elaborate (Figures 97, 109) ; elytron with basal half of interval 5
darker than 4 56
Elytral pattern simple (Figures 64, 77, 95, 111); elytron with basal half of interval
5 concolorous with 4 57
56.(55) Elytron with apex of elytral cloud piceous; pronotum (Figure 109)
45. P. callicalymma, new species
Elytron with apex of elytral cloud rufous or rufotestaceous; pronotum (Figure 97)
43. P. nonandinus, new species
57. (55) Elytron with 6 distinctly striate interneurs extended from base to apex, interneurs with
very small finely impressed punctures (high magnification)
47. P. subincisus, new species
Elytron with 6 punctate interneurs, punctures longitudinally separated and moderately
large, easily discernible 58
58. (57) Pronotum with lateral margins broadly explanatc-reflexed; elytra elongate and narrow,
parallel sided (Figure 64) 30. P. laetulus LeConte
Combination of characteristics not as above 59
59.(58) Elytron with apical margin of cloud broadly piceous, cloud rufous
41. P. circuliformis (Solier)
Elytron with cloud not margined apically 33. P. tlaloc, new species
60. (38) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 clearly larger than posterior fovea of humeral
group 61
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 subequal to posterior fovea of humeral group ... 67
61.(60) Elytron with punctures of interneurs well separated longitudinally, at least by three or
four times their own diameter 34. P. gracilior (Bates)
Elytron with punctures of interneurs much closer together, separated longitudinally
by their own diameter or slightly more 62
62. (61) Elytron with interneur 2 entire, with punctures or punctate stria well impressed to apex
63
Elytron with interneur 2 effaced or interrupted in apical third 64
63. (62) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 huge, interval 7 strongly constricted medial to
midfovea; elytral pattern (Figure 61) 26. P. leechi, new species
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 moderately large, but interval not constricted
medial to midfovea; elytral pattern (Figure 62) 27. P. pauli, new species
64.(62) Forebody infuscated to piceous; form and elytral pattern (Figure 91)
37. P. morantensis, new species
Forebody testaceous; form and elytral pattern (Figures 60, 92, 127) 65
65.(64) Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 located slightly posterior of middle of elytron
53. P. micropegasus, new species
Elytron with midfovea of interneur 8 located slightly anterior of middle of elytron ... 66
66. (65) Pronotum subquadrate, sides very shallowly sinuate in basal half; elytral cloud quadrate
25. P. sagma, new species
Pronotum subcordate, sides strongly sinuate in basal half; elytral cloud triangular
38. P. philipi, new species
67. (60) Pronotum, medial to hind angle, not or feebly carinate; pronotum subquadrate, side
margins very slightly sinuate in basal half 24. P. ephippiatus (Say)
Pronotum, medial to hind angle, strongly carinate, carina long and sharp and extended
anteriorly past midpoint of marginal sinuation; pronotum strongly sinuate and con-
stricted in basal half 68
NUMBER 162 11
68. (67) Elytron with humeral margin minutely setulose, not serrate; elytral cloud expanded
(Figure 79); pronotum usually infuscated, at least at sides
35. P. jamcubanus, new species
Elytron with humeral margin coarsely serrate-setulose; elytral cloud small (Figures 93,
126) : 69
69.(66) Elytron with punctures of interneurs large and coarse, punctures separated longitudinally
by more than their own diameter on the average 52. P. pegasus, new species
Elytron with punctures of interneurs small and fine, punctures separated by less than
their own diameter, nearly contiguous 39. P. prionomus, new species
Vpocompsus, new subgenus
TYPE-SPECIES.?Tachys australis Schaum 1863:90,
here designated.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 3): Moderately
elongate and narrow, moderately depressed. Easily
distinguished from members of the other Pericomp-
sus subgenera by the presence of interneur 8 as a
serial row of punctures.
Color: Body and elytra shiny testaceous to pice-
ous, appendages testaceous except in some species
with slightly infuscated distal antennal articles.
Head: As described for genus except eyes appar-
ently glabrous, ocular bulge posterior to eye with
some setae, frons with two supraorbital setae per
eye, middle of frons pubescent or glabrous.
Prothorax: Prosternum plurisetose or not; pro-
notum with lateral margins effaced or not, margins
with two or more pairs of setae; basal transverse
impression strongly punctate, punctures slightly
stretched longitudinally, base strongly lobed at
middle, hind angles various.
Mesothorax: Elytral disc with serial rows of
punctures, interneur 8 a row of punctures in basal
two-thirds and a stria in apical third and not foveate
at middle or basal fourth; humeral margin rounded,
then straight to level of interneur 4 or 5; chaetotaxy
various (see below).
Metathorax: Flight wings fully developed, di-
morphic, or reduced.
Abdomen: Sterna IV-VI each, in both sexes, with
accessory setae, in some species also II and III finely
pubescent.
Size: Length, 1.72-2.76 mm; width, 0.72-1.04 mm.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, oupos, meaning
"not at all" and, kompsus, meaning "elegant" or
"pretty," referring to the drabness of these beetles
relative to members of Pericompsus sensu stricto.
DISTRIBUTION.?The combined ranges of the spe-
cies of this group extend throughout Australia and
Tasmania, with one species supposedly introduced
into New Zealand by man (Darlington, 1963).
FIGURE 3. Habitus of P. punclipennis male, Richmond River,
Australia.
12
The yarrensis group
There is presently only one species in the yar-
rensis group. Its members are characterized by the
presence on the elytron of eight entire punctate
interneurs.
The range of the group extends throughout parts
of southeastern Australia (Figure 18).
1. Pericompsus yarrensis (Blackburn), new
combination
FIGURES 4, 18
Tachys yarrensis Blackburn 1892:20. [Lectotype, here selected,
a female, in BMNH. Type-locality: Upper Yarra River, east
of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 4): Elongate, nar-
row, and depressed, with small eyes and strongly
punctate elytra. Easily distinguished from mem-
bers of all other Australian Pericompsus by the
presence of eight punctate interneurs extended
from elytral base to apex, and by the absence of
a well-defined recurrent groove at the efytral apex.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, appendages paler,
head darker.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows deeply impressed and evenly
arcuate to posterior margin of eye, bordered later-
ally by small carina; eyes small and more or less flat;
occular bulge posterior to eye sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 4): Subcordate, sides shallowly
sinuate in basal half; base strongly lobed at mid-
dle; hind angles about right; side margins narrowly
reflexed; disc flat, convex at sides only; venter
sparsely setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 8 entire punctate inter-
neurs, puncture large and coarse, separated by their
own diameter or more; lateral channel also coarsely
punctate, not foveate; humeral margin rounded to
level of interneur 5, then directed anteriorly to
base of elytron; side margins narrowly explanate,
coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4c, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b, 9 and Ed-1, 4, 6a,
7b; plica long and well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna III-IV sparsely setiferous; each
sternum in female with 4 ambulatory setae.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Genitalia: Male not seen; female characteristic
of ephippiatus group (4 examined).
Size: Length, 2.16-2.28 mm; width, 0.78-0.84 mm;
5 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
October; none were teneral. Sloane (1896) found
these beetles "under logs and debris in very damp
situation" and Darlington (1963) found some in
"flood debris."
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 18).?I have seen five
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: NEW SOUTH WALES: Urana (BMNH). VIC-
TORIA: Sale (MCZ, USNM); Upper Yarra River cast of
Melbourne (the type, BMNH).
Note: Sloane (1896) recorded the species at Mul-
wala and Tamworth, New South Wales.
The australis group
The members of the australis group are charac-
terized by similarities of the male genitalia and the
presence of a nonfoveate punctate interneur 8.
Various morphological developments in some
members of this group of beetles parallel similar
developments in some members of the two follow-
ing subgenera. These developments include elytral
margin fringes, loss of externally modified elytral
interneurs, and presence of accessory setae on the
margin of the pronotum.
There are eight species presently representing
this group, with a combined range (Figures 18-24)
extending throughout eastern and western Aus-
tralia and Tasmania, and (introduced into) New
Zealand.
The australis subgroup
The members of the australis subgroup are char-
acterized by the presence of a bead along the margin
of the pronotum. One member of the group is
apparently wingless, and thus flightless. If this is
so, it is probably the only member of the genus
that has lost powers of flight.
There are four species presently representing
this subgroup.
NUMBER 162 IS
FIGURES 4-7 Dorsal outline with setae of Pericotnpsus species: 4, P. yarrensis female, Sale,
Australia; 5, P. australis female, Iron Range, Australia; 6, P. olliffi female, Vermont, Australia;
7, P. bogani female paratype, Bogan River, Australia.
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
2. Pericompsus australis (Schaum), new
combination
FIGURES 5, 12, 19
Tachys australis Schaum, 1863:90. [Type (s) not in HUB; not
seen. I agree with Darlington's (1963) logic in regard to
the history of this name. Type-locality: Victoria, Australia.]
Tachys monochrous Schaum, 1863:90. [Absolute synonym.
Actually, I think. Schaum meant his title "Tachys australis"
to mean "southern Tachys" as a title of subsequent de-
scriptions. His arrangement, however, must result in sy-
nonymy as Darlington (1963:28) points out.]
Tachys ftindersi Blackburn, 1888:41. [Lectotype, here selected,
a male, in BMNH. Synonymized by Darlington, (1963:28).
Type-locality: Port Lincoln, Australia.]
Bembidium tersatum Broun, 1893:1010. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a female, in BMNH. Synonymized by Darlington
(1963:28). Type-locality: Mokohinau Island, New Zealand.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 5): Broad and de-
pressed, not subpedunculate as in semistriatus sub-
group. Easily distinguished from other Australian
Pericompsus members by the pale color, presence of
a lateral bead on the pronotum, and the sharp, 90?
hind angles of the pronotum.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, appendages testace-
ous.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows shallow, linear, and pro-
longed only to level of mideye; eyes medium sized
and slightly prominent; ocular bulge posterior to
eye very sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 5): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately sinuate in basal half; base slightly lobed
at middle; hind angles about right; side margins
beaded, not reflexed disc quite flat, convex at sides;
venter sparsely setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 or 7 punctate inter-
neurs; punctures medium sized and coarse, sepa-
rated longitudinally by their own diameter or more;
punctures of rows 2-5 effaced posterior of middle,
row 6 present or not and represented by 1 or more
punctures when present, rows 1 and 8 entire but
striate in apical third, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout, lateral channel punctate to basal third,
not foveate; humeral margin rounded at base, then
slightly concave to level of interneur 4, not con-
nected to base of 4; side margins narrowly ex-
planate, coarsely serrate-setulose to apical fourth,
less serrate posterior to middle; setae equal in
length to width of elytral explanation; chaetotaxy
as in P. semistriatus; plica long but only slightly
developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna III-IV each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 12) (1 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (8 examined).
Size: Length, 1.72-2.40 mm; width, 0.72-0.92 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The punctation of interneur 6 is
present or absent, when present it may be repre-
sented by 1 to 7 punctures. The two elytra of each
beetle vary from each other as well. The punctation
of the other interneurs varies also, but at least some
punctures are always present.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
January through April, June, October through De-
cember; one specimen labeled "Oct.-Nov." was
teneial. Darlington (1963) records these beetles
as occurring "under cover by standing or running
water or in other wet places." Blackburn (1888)
recorded his specimens from swampy ground and
the banks of the Torrens River. The species is no
doubt subhygrophilus.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
throughout the eastern half of Australia and ex-
tends southward to Tasmania and New Zealand. It
is probably introduced into the latter country (Dar-
lington, 1963). An apparent disjunction occurs to-
ward the west as Darlington found one specimen at
Wiluna, Western Australia, in 1931 (see Figure 19).
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 19).?I have seen 64
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: AUSTRALIAN CAPITOL TERRITORY: Cotter Dam
(MCZ). NEW SOUTH WALES: Bellangry F St. NW Wauchope
(MCZ, USNM); Bogan River south of Nyngan (MCZ,
USNM); vicinity of Dubbo (MCZ); vicinity of Sydney
(MCZ); marsh, north of Sydney (BMNH). QUEENSLAND:
North of Bowen (MCZ, USNM) ; Cape York, Rocky River
(MCZ); Davis Creek, Kuranda Mareeba Road (MCZ) ;
Gladstone to Many Peaks (MCZ); Shipton's Flat south of
Cooktown (MCZ) ; Townsville (BMNH) ; vicinity of Mount
Molloy (MCZ); by field, north of Yeppon (MCZ). SOUTH
AUSTRALIA: Aroona Dam site southwest of Copley (MCZ) ;
Cooper Crossing (MCZ); North Flinders Range, Ilpounda
Water (MCZ); Oodnadatta (MCZ); Port Lincoln (BMNH).
TASMANIA: Arvc River, Har'z National Park (MCZ). VIC-
TORIA: Ferntree Gully (MCZ). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Wiluna
(MCZ).
NEW ZEALAND: Mokohinau Island (BMNH).
NUMBER 162 15
3. Pericompsus olliffi (Sloane), new combination
FIGURES 6, 20
Tachys olliffi Sloane, 1896:376. [Type (s) probably in CSIRO,
not seen, but Sloane's description is good. Type-locality:
Forest Reefs, New South Wales, Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 6): Similar to P.
habitans except head and pronotum narrower and
eyes considerably smaller. Easily distinguished from
members of all other Australian Pericompsus by
the form of the forebody and overall color.
Color: Shiny dark rufopiceous, legs testaceous,
antennae and palpi infuscated.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows short and well im-
pressed, not prolonged on irons past mideye level;
eyes small and feebly prominent; ocular bulge
posterior to eye glabrous.
Pronotum (Figure 6): Moderately subcordate,
sides narrowed and slightly sinuate in basal half;
base slightly lobed at middle; hind angles slightly
obtuse and sharp; side margins narrowly beaded;
disc moderately convex; venter densely setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs,
punctures small and separated longitudinally by
twice their own diameter or more; row 2?5 effaced
in apical third or before, rows 1 and 8 entire and
striate in apical half, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout, lateral channel punctate to apical
third, not foveate; humeral margin rounded at base
to level of interneur 4, not connected to base of 4;
side margins narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. semi-
stratus; plica short and well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna IV-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male not seen; female characteristic of
ephippiatus group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 1.92-2.08 mm; width, 0.76-0.84 mm;
2 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Too few specimens were seen to
assess variation.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
September and October; none were teneral. The
wings of both specimens seen were reduced, mak-
ing the beetles incapable of flight, but, as pointed
out by Darlington (1963), the species may be wing
dimorphic as in other members of this group.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 20).?I have seen two
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: NEW SOUTH WALES: Mount Lofty (MCZ).
VICTORIA: Vermont at Danenong Creek (MCZ).
4. Pericompsus bogani (Darlington), new
combination
FIGURES 7, 22
Tachys bogani Darlington, 1936:27. [Holotype,
 a male, in
MCZ. One paratype female also in MCZ. Type-locality:
Bogan River, south of Nyngan, New South Wales, Aus-
tralia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 7): Similar to P.
habitans, except more robust and with a broader
head. Easily distinguished from members of all
other Australian Pericompsus members by the form
of the pronotum.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, legs testaceous, an-
tennae and palpi slightly infuscated.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
prolonged on frons to mideye level; eyes moderately
large and prominent; ocular bulge posterior to eye
glabrous.
Pronotum (Figure 7): Broadly transverse, sides
slightly narrowed and sinuate in basal half; base
strongly lobed at middle; hind angles rounded with
small denticle; side margins not reflexed, narrowly
beaded; disc moderately convex; venter glabrous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate interneurs,
punctures medium sized and coarse, separated longi-
tudinally by their own diameter or more; rows 3-6
effaced in apical half, row 2 effaced in apical third,
rows 1 and 8 entire and striate in apical third, inter-
neur 7 effaced throughout, lateral channel punctate
to apical third of elytron, not foveate; humeral
margin rounded to level of interneur 4, not con-
nected to base of 4; side margins narrowly ex-
planate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica short and
well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna IV-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male not dissected (because of poor
condition of male holotype); female characteristic
of ephippiatus group (one examined).
Size: Length, 2.20 mm; width, 0.96 mm; 2 speci-
mens measured.
VARIATION.?Too few specimens are available to
assess variation.
16
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
October; none were teneral. Darlington (1963) re-
ported these beetles as collected by "washing wet
sand or debris beside pools in the bed of the Bogan
River, which was not flowing at the time." The
species is probably riparian.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 22).?I have seen
only the two type-specimens, from the Bogan River,
south of Nyngan, New South Wales, Australia.
5. Pericompsus habitant (Sloane), new combination
FIGURES 8, 13, 22
Tachys habitans Sloane, 1896:368. [Typc(s) probably in
CSIRO, not seen. Sloan's description is good. Type-locality:
Darling Ranges, West Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 8): Similar to P.
australis, except pronotum more narrowed at base
and elytra narrower and slightly more convex.
Easily distinguished from members of all other
Australian Pericompsus species by the piceous color
and moderately large and prominent eyes.
Color: Shiny piceous, legs testaceous, antennae
and palpi infuscated.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows very shallowly impressed
to mideye level; eyes moderately small and feebly
prominent; ocular bulge posterior to eye glabrous.
Pronotum (Figure 8): Moderately subcordate,
sides strongly constricted and sinuate in basal half;
base strongly lobed at middle; hind angles acute,
prominent; side margins narrowly beaded; disc
moderately strongly convex; venter glabrous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 or 7 punctate inter-
neurs, punctures small and coarse, separated longi-
tudinally by their own diameter or more; rows 2-5
effaced in apical half, row 6 present or not, if
present then represented by 1 to 7 punctures, rows
1 and 8 entire and striate in apical half, interneur
7 effaced externally throughout; elytron not foveate;
humeral margin rounded to level of interneur 4,
not connected to 4; side margins narrowly ex-
planate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. semistriatus; plica long and
feebly developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 13) (2 examined); female
characteristics of ephippiatus group (5 examined).
Size: Length, 1.84-2.28 mm; width, 0.80-0.92 mm;
10 specimens measured.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
VARIATION.?The punctation of interneur 6 varies
from zero to seven punctures.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
October, November, and January; two collected in
January were teneral as well as one collected in No-
vember. The exact habitat has not been recorded,
but one of Darlington's labels states "salt lake."
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
throughout extreme southwestern Australia south
of 30? S latitude, with one record slightly north
of 25? S.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 22).?I have seen 59
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Authur River (MCZ) ;
Belmont (MCZ, USNM); Bridgetown (MCZ); Fremantlc,
North Lake (MCZ): Mandwah (MCZ) ; Margaret River
(MCZ, USNM) ; Mundaring Wiir (MCZ) ; Pernbcrton
(MCZ); Pinjarra (BMNH); Rockingham (MCZ); Rott-
ncst (MCZ).
The punctipennis subgroup
The members of the punctipennis subgroup are
characterized by the absence of a bead along the
margin of the pronotum. One member of the group
is dimorphic in respect to length of flight wing
membrane; those individuals with short wings are
probably incapable of flight.
There are four species presently representing this
subgroup.
6. Pericompsus punctipennis (Macleay), new
combination
FIGURES 3, 14, 24
Rembidium punctipenne Macleay, 1871:116. [Type(s) prob-
ably in Macleay Museum, Sydney (not seen). I fully agree
with Darlington's (1963) logic that this is a good species
and not a synonym of Tachys monochrous Schaum as sug-
gested by .Sloane (1896). Type-locality: Gayndah, South
Queensland, Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 3): Similar to P.
seticollis, but with smaller and flatter eyes and
more convex elytra. Easily distinguished from mem-
bers of P. seticollis by the lack of accessory setae on
the margins of the pronotum and from members of
all other Australian species by the fringe of setae
on the elytral lateral margins.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, appendages testace-
ous.
NUMBER 162 17
10 11
FIGURES 8-11 Dorsal outline with setae of Pertcompsus species: 8, P. habitans female, Rottnest
Island, Australia; 9, P. seticollis male, Bogan River, Australia; 10, P. semistriatus female, Murray
Bridge, Australia; 11, P. pubifrons male holotype, Termeil, Australia.
18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
14
16
FIGURES 12-17.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 12, P. australis, Bellangry, Australia; 13, P.
habitant, Margaret River, Australia; 14, P. punctipennis, Jimna, Australia; 15, P. seticollis, Card-
well, Australia; 16, P. semistriatus, Gellibrand River, Australia; 17, P. pubifrons, Termeil,
Australia.
NUMBER 162
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows short, deep, and linear,
prolonged onto frons to mideye level and each
separated from eye by slightly raised carina; eyes
moderately small and slightly prominent; ocular
bulge posterior to eye sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 3): Strongly subcordate, sides
strongly constricted and abruptly sinuate in basal
half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind angles
about right; side margins without bead; disc
moderately convex; venter densely setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 or 7 punctate inter-
neurs, punctures moderately large and coarse, sepa-
rated by their own diameter or more; rows 2-5
effaced in apical half, row 6 present or not, if
present then represented by 1 or more punctures,
rows 1 and 8 entire but striate in apical half,
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout: lateral
channel punctate to apical third of elytron, not
foveate; humeral margin rounded to level of inter-
neur 4, not connected to base of 4; side margins
narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate in basal half,
setose to apical fourth, setae longer than width of
elytral explanation; chaetotaxy as in P. semistriatus;
plica short and well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna III-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 14) (2 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (5 examined).
Size: Length, 2.32-2.76 mm; width, 0.92-1.04 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The punctation of interneur 6 on
each elytron varies from 0 to 7; this occurs in the
same population, and the same individual may
have different numbers of punctures on each
elytron. The length of flight wings also varies,
some individuals have fully developed membranes
while others have the membrane, distal to the
stigma, reduced.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
March, April, July, and October through Decem-
ber; one teneral specimen was collected in October.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is re-
stricted to southeastern Australia south of 25? S.
One specimen collected by Ross and Cavagnaro at
Langi Crossing (not located) in Western Australia
represents a broad disjunction. The specimen may
be mislabeled.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 24).?I have seen 51
specimens from the following localities:
19
AUSTRALIA: NEW SOUTH WALES: Braidwood (MCZ); Clyde
Mts. (MCZ); "National Park" (MCZ); Richmond River,
vicinity of Wiangarce (MCZ, USNM); Tamworth (BMNH);
Williams River, B'ton House (MCZ). QUEENSLAND: Vicinity
of Brisbane (MCZ, USNM); 30.0 miles north of Brisbane
(MCZ); Jamna (MCZ, USNM); Mount Tambourine (MCZ).
WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Langi Crossing (CAS).
7. Pericompsus seticollis (Sloane), new combination
FICURES 9, 15, 23
Tachys seticollis Sloane, 1896:366. [Type(s) presumably in
CSIRO (not seen). Sloane's original description is good.
Type-locality: King Sound, North West Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 9): Similar to P.
semistriatus, but easily distinguished from this and
all other members of Australian Pericompsus species
by the accessory setae on the lateral margins of the
pronotum.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, appendages testace-
ous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows shallowly impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent; ocular bulge posterior to eye
sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 9): Strongly subcordate, sides
strongly constricted and abruptly sinuate in basal
half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind angles
about right; side margins without bead; disc quite
flat, convex at sides; venter densely setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs,
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by their own diameter or more; rows
2-5 effaced in apical half, rows 1 and 8 striate in
apical third, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced externally
throughout; lateral channel punctate to middle of
elytron, not foveate; humeral margin rounded to
level of interneur 4, not connected by 4; side mar-
gins narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-setose in
basal fourth, setose also to apical sixth, setae longer
than width of elytral explanation; chaetotaxy as
in P. semistriatus; plica short and well developed
externally.
Abdomen: Sterna II-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 15) (1 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.32-2.52 mm; width, 0.92-0.% mm;
6 specimens measured.
20 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February, June, and October; none were teneral.
Darlington (1963) recorded these beetles from "wet
places but not by freely running water."
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 23).?I have seen six
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: NEW SOUTH WALES: Bogan River, south of
Nyngan (MCZ); Mulwala (BMNH). QUEENSLAND: Vicinity
of Cardwell (MCZ, USNM); vicinity of Cairns (MCZ).
Note: Figure 23 shows also the type-locality in
northwest Australia.
8. Pericompsus semistriatus (Blackburn), new
combination
FIGURES 10, 16, 21
Tachys semistriatus Blackburn, 1888:41. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, sex undetermined because of poor condition of
specimen, in BMNH. Type-locality: Port Lincoln, South
Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 10): Subpeduncu-
late, pronotum strongly constricted posteriorly;
body subcylindrical as in New World Pericompsus
sensu stricto members. Easily distinguished from all
other Australian Pericompsus members by the
smooth frons, absence of pronotal lateral bead, and
absence of long marginal setae on the elytron.
Color: Various (see below).
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows short and foviform; eyes
medium sized and prominent; ocular bulge pos-
terior to eye very sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 10): Strongly subcordate, sides
strongly constricted in basal half; base strongly
lobed at middle; hind angles acute, slightly promi-
nent; side margins without bead; disc moderately
convex; venter glabrous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by twice their own diameter or
more; rows 2-6 effaced in apical half; rows 1 and 8
striate in apical half, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout; lateral channel punctate to middle of
elytron, not foveate; humeral margin rounded to
level of interneur 5, not connected to base of 5;
side margins narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy Eo-la, 2a, 3a,
4c, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b, and d-1, 3a, 5a, 7b, 8; plica short
and well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna IV-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 16) (1 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (7 examined).
Size: Length, 2.08-2.40 mm; width, 0.80-0.92 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The color of the forebody is rufous;
the elytra, in the basal half, varies from rufous to
piceous, while the apical half varies from rufous
to rufotestaceous within population samples. The
flight wings are dimorphic, either fully developed
or reduced distal to the stigma.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
July and September; none were teneral. Blackburn
(1888) recorded specimens as collected in swampy
ground near Port Lincoln, and Darlington (1963)
found them along the Murray River and in flood
debris at Bodalla. It is probable the beetles are
hygrophilus.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is con-
fined to the southernmost coastal lands of south-
eastern Australia and Tasmania.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 21).?I have seen 19
specimens from the following localities:
AUSTRALIA: NEW SOUTH WALES: Bodalla (MCZ, USNM).
SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Meningie (MCZ, USNM); Murray Bridge
(MCZ, USNM); Port Lincoln (BMNH). VICTORIA: Gelli
brand River, Otway Ridges (MCZ); Lillydale (MCZ):
Portland to Point Fairy (MCZ); Winchelsea (MCZ).
Note: Figure 21 also shows Sloane's (1920) locali-
ties in Tasmania, namely Starhan, Latrobe, Jordan
River, Hobart, and also King Island between Tas-
mania and the mainland.
9. Pericompsus pubifrons (Darlington), new
combination
FIGURES 11, 17, 23
Tachys pubifrons Darlington, 1963:24. [Holotype, a male, in
MCZ. Seven paratypes from the same locality, also collected
by Darlington, in MCZ and USNM. Type-locality: Termeil,
New South Wales, Australia.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 11): Similar to P.
semistriatus except pronotum broader and less con-
vex and elytra longer. Easily distinguished from
members of all other Pericompsus species by the
pubescent frons.
NUMBER 162 21
FIGURE 18.?Distribution map of P. yarrensis.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, apex of elytron
slightly paler, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
convergent, delimiting a U-shaped depression; de-
pression pubescent; eyes moderately small and
slightly prominent; ocular bulge posterior to eye
very sparsely setiferous.
Pronotum (Figure 11): Subcordate, sides mod-
erately strongly constricted and sinuate in basal
half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind angles
about right; side margins without bead; disc quite
flat, laterally slightly convex; venter sparsely
setiferous.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and separated longitudinally by
their own diameter or more; rows 2-6 effaced in
apical half, row 6 very short and of only a few
punctures, rows 1 and 8 striate in apical half, inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; lateral chan-
nel punctate to apical third of elytron, not foveate;
humeral margin rounded to level of interneur 4,
not connected to 4; side margins narrowly ex-
planate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. semistriatus; plica short and
well developed externally.
Abdomen: Sterna II-VI each sparsely setiferous.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 17) (1 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 2.48-2.58 mm; width, 0.96-1.04 mm;
6 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
October; none were teneral. Darlington (1962) re-
corded these beetles from the water edge of sand
bars of a small brook in a eucalyptus woods north-
west of Termeil.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 23).?I have seen
eight specimens, all from Termeil, New South
Wales, Australia.
Eidocompsus, new subgenus
TYPE-SPECIES.?Trechus brasiliensis Sahlberg,
1844:513, here designated.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 25): Rather broad
and depressed or short, broad, and convex. Easily
distinguished from members of the other Pericomp-
sus subgenera by the presence of a subsulcate
interneur 8 on the elytron which is not foveate at
or near the middle.
Color: Body shiny testaceous to almost black,
some species with almost metallic dorsum on some
individual members, appendages testaceous except
distal antennal articles and palpi infuscated in some
members.
Head: As described for genus except eyes appar-
ently glabrous, ocular bulge posterior to eye
glabrous, frons with two supraorbital setae per eye,
middle of frons glabrous.
Prothorax: Prosternum glabrous; pronotum with
strongly beaded or slightly reflexed lateral margins,
margins with two or more pairs of setae, basal trans-
verse impression finely or coarsely punctulate, base
slightly lobed at middle, hind angles various.
Mesothorax: Elytral disc with 5 or 6 punctate
interneurs, interneur 8 subsulcate throughout and
nonfoveate at middle, foveate or not at basal fourth
near seta Eo4c, humeral margin rounded, then
straight or slightly concave to level of interneur 4;
chaetotaxy Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4c, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b, and
Ed-1, 3a, 5b, 7b, 8; plica various in shape, always
present.
Metathorax: Flight wings fully developed.
Abdomen: Sterna III-V each with two pairs of
paramedial ambulatory setae, males with one pair
22 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURES 19-21?Distribution maps: 19, P. australis; 20, P. olliffi; 21, P. semistriatus.
on sternum VI, females with two pairs on VI ar- meaning "form," and kompsos, meaning "pretty,"
ranged in a straight row across sternum, females referring to the graceful outline of the beetles.
also with scattered and shorter setae on VI. DISTRIBUTION.?The combined ranges of the spe-
Size: Length, 1.84-3.04 mm; width, 0.84-1.28 mm. cies of this group extend from mid-Mexico south to
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek masculine noun, eidos, about 35? S latitude in Argentina. The records
NUMBER 162 23
23
24
FIGURES 22-24 Distribution maps: 22, P. habitans (circles), P. bogani (star); 23, P. seticollis
(circles), P. pubifrons (star); 24, P. punctipennis.
24
FIGURE 25.?Habitus of P. brasiliensis female, 31.8 miles east
of Escarcega, Mexico.
from Chile are too general to locate exactly on a
map. One species occurs both on the Middle
American mainland and Cuba.
The brasiliensis group
The members of the brasiliensis group are char-
acterized by the structure of interneur 8, which is
not foveate, and the broad, depressed body form.
Some species of this group are similar to some
species of the australis group, hirsutus group, and
jeppeseni group in the presence of an elytral fringe
and accessory pronotal setate.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
There are 10 species presently representing this
group with a combined range as given for the
subgenus.
10. Pericompsus reticulattis, new species
FIGURES 26, 30, 36
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male is in MCZ.
It was collected by F. Werner in 1963. Six paratypes
are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 26): Very similar to
P. brasiliensis, but easily distinguished from mem-
bers of all species of this group by the well-
impressed elytral microsculpture.
Color: Piceous, forebody shiny, appendages, ex-
cept infuscated palps and antennal articles 3-11,
testaceous.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 26): Broadly transverse, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base moderately
lobed at middle; hind angles about right; side
margins slightly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures medium sized and separated longitudi-
nally by less than their own diameter; rows 2-5
effaced in apical fourth, row 1 well impressed and
striate apically, interneur 6 and 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8 well impressed throughout,
not foveate; humeral margin rounded and slightly
concave to level of interneur 4, not connected to
base of 4; side margin narrowly explanate, coarsely
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. brasiliensis; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from pronotum, well
impressed, nearly isodiametric reticulation on
elytra and frons.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 30) (2 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.68-3.04 mm; width, 1.12-1.28 mm;
5 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The Brazil specimens are
labeled "March-April" and the Guyana specimens
NUMBER 162 25
29
FIGURES 26-29 Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 26, P. reticulatus male, Upper
Rupununi River, Guyana; 27, P. metallicus male, Rio Caraguata, Brazil; 28, P. dynastes male
holotype, 12.0 kilometers south of Calabozo, Venezuela; 29, P. immaculatus male, 18.0 miles east
of Paso del Toro, Mexico.
26
"February-March." None of these specimens were
teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Latin adjective, reticulatus, mean-
ing "netlike," referring to the nearly isodiametric
reticulation of the elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 36).?I have seen
seven specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Ceara State, Fortaleza (MCZ,
USNM). GUYANA: Upper Rupununi River (MCZ, USNM).
11. Pericompsus brasiliensis (Sahlberg), new
combination
FICURES 25, 31, 37
Trechus brasiliensis Sahlberg, 1844:513. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a male, in UZMH. Type-locality: Not given by
Sahlberg, but the specimen is labeled "Brasilia," thus
herewith designated.]
Tachys aeneopiceus Bates, 1871b:268. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a male, in MNHP. Three paralectotypes labeled by
me in MNHP. New synonymy. Type-locality: Rio Tapajos,
Brazil.]
Tachys duplex Bates, 1884:289. [Lectotype, here selected, a
male, in BMNH. Five paralectotypes in BMNH and four
in MNHP labeled by me. New synonymy. Type-locality:
San Ceronimo, Guatemala.]
Tachys decastichus Bates, 1891:261. [Lectotype, here selected,
a female, in BMNH. Two paralectotypes in BMNH and
two in MNHP labeled by me. New synonymy. Type-locality:
Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 25): Broad and
depressed with wide head, transverse pronotum,
and rather squared elytra, compared with members
of the ephippiatus group.
Color: Venter piceous, appendages testaceous
except infuscated antennal articles 4-11; dorsum
various (see below).
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows deeply impressed and evenly
arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes large and
prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 25): Broadly transverse, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly arcu-
ate at middle; hind angles acute; side margins
not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and separated longitudinally by
about their own diameter in basal half, contiguous
in apical half before effaced at apical sixth, row 1
entire though less impressed apically, interneurs 6
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
and 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed throughout, not foveate; humeral
margin rounded and somewhat concave to level of
interneur 4, not connected to base of 4; side mar-
gin narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4c, 5a, 6a,
7, 8b and Ed-1, 3a, 5b, 7b, 8; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 31) (4 examined); female
as in ephippiatus group (6 examined).
Size: Length, 2.40-2.76 mm; width, 1.08-1.16 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The form and size is rather uniform,
but the dorsal coloration is quite variable in a
north to south direction. The Mexican samples
are very dark; the forebody is almost metallic black
and the elytral disc is dark piceous, while laterally
each elytron is dark rufous or piceous. The Chiriqui
sample is about the same as the Mexican ones
except that the elytron laterally is more rufous.
The Canal Zone samples are of two general types.
Two specimens fit the Chiriqui color pattern and
two specimens from Gatun Locks (plus a single
individual from Colombia) have the forebody
rufopiceous, the elytral disc (intervals 1-3) rufous,
intervals 4 and 5 rufopiceous, and the elytra lat-
erally rufotestaceous. None of the rufous specimens
are males. One of two specimens from Venezuela
was teneral when collected and the color is not
comparable; the other specimen is all piceous.
Three specimens from Bolivia each have a piceous
forebody and rufescent elytra, while three Amazon
Basin specimens are colored similarly to the pale
ones from Gatun Locks, Canal Zone. The trend,
from north to south, is one of depigmentation,
especially of the elytra.
NATURAL HISTORY?Specimens were collected in
January, February, March, April, May, June, and
September; one February specimen from Brazil was
teneral. My wife and I collected several specimens
running on muddy margins of rain puddles near
the Rio Fonseca in Panama. These beetles were in
the company of Pericompsus reichei. The Ancon
specimen was collected at "electric light" and one
Villahermosa, Mexico, specimen was collected at
"black light." The wings are fully developed and
no doubt functional. Ball and Whitehead collected
a long series of these beetles at the edge of a marsh
east of Escarcega, Mexico.
NUMBER 162 27
35
FIGURES 30-35 Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 30, P. reticulatus, Fortaleza, Brazil; 31, P.
brasiliensis, Rio Fonseca, Panama; 32, P. metallicus, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 33, P. dynastes,
Calobozo, Venezuela; 34, P. commotes, Calobozo, Venezuela; 35, P. immaculatus, Rio Frio,
Colombia.
28
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
throughout most of the Neotropical Region from
20? N latitude to about 15? S latitude. It probably
does not occur along the west coast of South
America.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 37).?I have seen 58
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: CAMPECHE: 31.8 miles east of Escarcega (UASM,
USNM). TABASCO: Teapa (BMNH, MHNP); 59.4 miles
southeast of Villahermosa (UASM).
CENTRAL AMERICA: GUATEMALA: Baja Verapaz Depart-
ment, San Jeronimo about 10 kilometers southeast of
Salama at 15?08'N, 90?H'W (BMNH, MHNP). PANAMA:
Canal Zone, Ancon (USNM), Gatun Locks (MCZ), Taber-
nilla at 9?10'N, 79?48'W (USNM); Chiriqui Province, Rio
Fonseca at Pan-American Highway (UASM, USNM).
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Amazonas State, Benjamin Con-
stant (MCZ), Igarape-Marianil 2.4 kilometers northeast of
Manaus (MCZ); Ceara State, Fortaleza (MCZ); Distrito
Federal, Brasilia (UZMH); Para State, Rio Tapajos
(MHNP), Santarem (MCZ). COLOMBIA: Magdalena De-
partment, Sevilla (MCZ). VENEZUELA: Guarico State, 12.0
kilometers south of Calobozo (USNM); Mongas State, Bar-
rancas on Lower Orinoco River (MCZ).
12. Pericompsus metallic? Bates
FIGURES 27, 32, 46
Pericompsus metallicus Bates, 187la:246. [Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in MHNP. One paralectotype also labeled
by me in MHNP. Type-locality: "Rio Janeiro," Brazil.]
Tachys mendocinus Jensen-Haarup, 1910:553. [Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in ZMC. Five paralectotypes also labeled
by me in ZMC. New synonymy. Type-locality: Mendoza
Province, Argentina.]
Leiotachys humeralis Jeannel, 1962:615. [Holotype, a female,
in MHNP. New synonymy. Type-locality: Central Chile.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 27): Similar to P.
brasiliensis, but easily distinguished from members
of that species by the presence of a sixth row of
punctures on the elytron.
Color: Venter mostly piceous; forebody dorsally
darker than elytra, both rufopiceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than pronotum;
frontal furrows deeply impressed and evenly arcu-
ate to posterior margin of eye; eyes large and
prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 27): Broadly transverse; sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly lobed
medially; hind angles acute, slightly prominent, side
margins slightly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately small and separated longi-
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
tudinally by about their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced in apical third, row 1 entire, striate at apical
third, interneur 7 effaced externally throughout;
interneur 8 well impressed throughout, not foveate;
humeral margin rounded and nearly straight to
level of interneur 4, not connected to base of 4;
side margin narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P.
brasiliensis; plica long and well developed ex-
ternally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 32) (9 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (examined).
Size: Length, 2.20-2.60 mm; width, 0.92-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The width of the pronotum varies
within population samples relative to the width
of head and elytra.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected
from January through June and in September and
December. No dated specimen was teneral.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from 4? N latitude to 35? S latitude in South
America. Most specimens have been collected adja-
cent to the Tropic of Capricorn, with two disjunct
sites farther north also yielding specimens.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 46).?I have seen 52
specimens from the following localities:
COUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: (MCZ) ; Buenos Aires
Province, Buenos Aires (KAVCo), Isla de Santiago near La
Plata (MCZ), San Fernando (USNM); Mendoza Province
(ZMC), Cerro Quada (USNM); Salta Province, Salta
(USNM); San Jaun Province, Jachal (JNeg); Santiago del
Estero Province, Anatuya (USNM); Province unknown,
"Cap Pferspuerto" (USNM). BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz Depart-
ment, Cambeiti (USNM), El Cidral about 100 kilometers
northeast of Santa Cruz (MCZ), Los Huesos (USNM).
BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Corumba (MCZ, USNM), Rio
Caraguata (MCZ, USNM); Pernaumbuco State, Palmares
(USNM); Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro (MHNP).
CHILE: "Central Chile" (MHNP). COLOMBIA: Huila De-
partment, Villavieja (CAS). PARAGUAY: Amambay Depart-
ment (MCZ). URUCUAY: Montevideo Department, Monte-
video (USNM).
13. Pericompsus dynastes, new species
FIGURES 28, 33, 36
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Twelve kilometers south of
Calabozo, Estacion Biologica de Los Llanos,
Guarico State, Venezuela.
TYPE-SPECIMEN.?The unique holotype male is
NUMBER 162 29
36
Fict'RKS 36-38.?Distribution maps: 36, P. reiiculntus (circle), P. dynastes (star) ; 37, P. brasilien-
sis; 38, P. immaculatus.
30
in USNM. It was collected by P. and P. Spangler
in 1969.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 28): Similar to P.
brasiliensis, except broader and more robust. Easily
distinguished from members of other species in
the group by the overall piceous coloration, body
form, and infuscated antennal articles 4-11.
Color: Shiny piceous, appendages testaceous ex-
cept infuscated antenna articles 4-11.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows deeply impressed and
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes large
and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 28): Very broadly transverse,
sides shallowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly
arcuate at middle; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed; disc moderately strongly
convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and separated longitudinally by
about twice their own diameter or more; rows 2-5
effaced in apical third, row 1 entire and striate in
apical third, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8. well impressed throughout,
not foveate; humeral margin rounded and slightly
concave to level of interneur 4, not connected to
base of 4; side margin narrowly explanate, coarsely
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. brasiliensis; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 33) (1 examined); female
unknown.
Size: Length, 2.76 mm; width, 1.12 mm; 1 speci-
men measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The single specimen was
collected in February; it was not teneral. It was
collected in a black light trap and the flight wings
are fully developed. It is probable that it flew into
the trap.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek noun, dynastes, meaning
"ruler," referring to the large robust size of these
beetles relative to that of others in the species group.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 36).?I have seen only
the type-specimen from 12.0 kilometers south of
Calabozo, Guarico State, Venezuela.
14. Pericompsus immaeulatus Bates
FICURES 29, 35, 38
Pericompsus immaeulatus Bates, 1871:246. [Lectotype, here
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
selected, a female, in MHNP. Two paralectotypes also
labeled by me in MHNP. Type-locality: "Ega" (Tefe),
Amazonas, Brazil.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 29): Similar to P.
brasiiiensis, but easily distinguished from members
of that species by the paler color including the
noninfuscated distal antennal articles and the
rufescent dorsal color, by the subcordate rather
than transverse pronotum, and by the smaller size.
Color: Rufous, elytral cloud and antennal articles
3-5 slightly darker, appendages testaceous.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than pronotum;
frontal furrows moderately impressed and evenly
arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes moderately
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 29): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately sinuate in basal half; base slightly lobed
at middle; hind angles about right; side margins
not reflexed; disc moderately strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and separated longi-
tudinally by about their own diameter; rows 2-5
effaced in basal third, row 1 entire though less
impressed apically, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced ex-
ternally throughout, interneur 8 well impressed
throughout, not foveate; humeral margin rounded
and slightly concave to level of interneur 4, not
connected to base of 4; side margin narrowly
explanate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. brasiliensis; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 35) (8 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 1.84-2.64 mm; width, 0.80-1.00 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?A very constant species throughout
a large range. Its presence on the island of Cuba
and its occurrence along sea beaches indicates great
vagility and probable gene flow between remote
populations.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
all months of the year; teneral specimens were col-
lected in March, May, August, and September.
Several specimens were collected at light. The wings
are fully developed; thus, the beetles are probably
capable of flight. George and Kay Ball collected
a long series on the sea beach in Veracruz, and
other specimen labels indicate proximity to oceans.
NUMBER 162 31
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from the Caribbean to the southern Amazonian
Basin. Its occurence in Cuba indicates high vagil-
ity; hence it can be expected to be found anywhere
in the Neotropical Region north of 20? S latitude.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 38).?I have seen 123
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN': CUBA: Cayamas (MCZ, UASM, USNM); Ha-
vana (L'SXM); Solcdad, Cicnfuegos (MCZ, USNM).
MEXICO: VERACRUZ: 18.0 miles cast of Paso del Toro
(UASM, USNM); Tics Zapotcs (USNM).
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: Hamburg Farm, Revcn-
tazon (USNM) ; Port Union (MCZ). Honduras: 5.0 miles
cast of Cholulcca (USNM). PANAMA: Canal Zone, Albrook
Forest in Fort Clayton (RTA1), Ancon (USNM), Fort
Kobbc, Pacific area (USNM).
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Amazonas State, Amazonas River
at Benjamin Constant (MCZ), Amazonas River at Parana
da Eva (CNC), F.ga (MHNP); Ceara State, Fortaleza
(MCZ) ; Mato Grosso State, Rio Caraguata (MCZ). COLOM-
BIA: Magdalcna Department, Aracataca (MCZ, USNM), Rio
Frio (MCZ, USNM). PERU: Loreto Department, San Jorge,
about -10 miles west of Pucallpa (CAS). VENEZUELA:
Ciuarico State, 12.0 kilometers south of Calabozo at Estacion
Biologica de Los Llanos (USNM); Portuguesa State,
C.uanarc (CAS).
15. Pericompsus commotes, new species
FIGURES 34, 39, 54
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Twelve kilometers south of
Calabozo at Estacion Biologicia de Los Llanos,
Guarico State, Venezuela.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type, plus one paratype are in USNM. All were
collected by P. and P. Spangler in 1969.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 39): Similar to
P. brasiliensis, except pronotum proportionately
broader and total size smaller. Easily distinguished
from members of other species in the group by the
broad pronotum and coloration.
Color: Forebody, venter, and elytral cloud shiny
rufous, appendages and margins of elytra testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrowrs shallowly impressed, ex-
tended to level of mideye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 39): Broadly transverse, sides
narrowed but not sinuate in basal half; base slightly
arcuate at middle; hind angles obtuse; side margins
not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs,
punctures moderately small and separated longi-
tudinally by about their own diameter; row 2-5
effaced in apical half, row 1 entire and striate in
apical half, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8 well impressed through-
out, not foveate; humeral margin rounded to base
of interneur 4, not connected to base of 4; side
margin narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-setulose
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. brasiliensis;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 34) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.20-2.28 mm; width, 0.88-0.92 mm;
3 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February; none were teneral. All specimens seen
were collected in a black-light trap and the flight
wings are fully developed. It is probable that these
beetles are capable of flight.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek noun, kommotes, meaning
"embellisher" or "beautifier," in reference to the
coloration of these beetles.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 54).?I have seen
three specimens, all from Estacion Biologicia de
Los Llanos, Guarico State, Venezuela.
16. Pericompsus bilbo, new species
FIGURES 40, 43, 54
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Guanare, Portugesa State, Ven-
ezuela.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in CAS. Both were collected by B. Malkin
in 1957. One paratype from the same locality is in
USNM.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 40): Most similar
to P. jeppeseni, but not so convex. Easily distin-
guished from members of that species by the
rufopiceous coloration, the almost obtuse hind
angles of the pronotum, and the lack of a punctate
interneur 6 on the elytron.
Color: Shiny rufopiceous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows deeply impressed and evenly
arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes large and
prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 40): Broadly transverse, sides
very sh?Ilowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly
32 SMITHSONIAN C O N T R I B U T I O N S T O ZOOLOGY
40
41
MJ>.
FICURFS 39-42?Dorsal outline with setae of Peiicompsus species: 39, P. commotes female allo-
typc, 12.0 kilometers south of Calabozo. Venezuela; 40, P. bilbo male holotype, Cuanaro, Vene-
zuela; 41, P. leucocarenus male, Cuitiahuac, Mexico; 42, P. crossarchon female holotype, Rio
Caraguata, Brazil.
NUMBER 162 33
FIGURES 43-45.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 43, P. bilbo, Guanaro, Venezuela; 44, P.
leucocarenus, Cuitlahuac, Mexico; 45, P. crossodomus, Tucuman, Argentina.
FIGURE 46.?Distribution map of P. metallicus.
arcuate at middle; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large, separated longitudinally
by their own diameter or more; rows 2-5 effaced
apically, row 1 entire, though less impressed
apically, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8 well impressed through-
out, not foveate; humeral margin rounded and
nearly straight to level of interneur 4, not con-
nected to base of 4; side margin narrowly explanate,
coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
as in P. brasiliensis; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 43) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.20-2.28 mm; width, 0.96-1.04 mm;
3 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
September; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?The noun, bilbo, refers to Tol-
kien's hobitt character in Lord of the Rings. These
beetles are short and robust much like Bilbo.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 54).?I have seen
three specimens all from Guanare, Portugesa State,
Venezuela.
34
17. Pericompsus leucocarenus, new species
FIGURES 41, 44, 54
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Fortin de las Flores, Veracruz,
Mexico.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected by D. R.
Whitehead in 1963. Twenty-seven paratypes are
listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 41): Similar to P.
immaculatus except pronotum wider and elytra
slightly longer and narrower, but easily distin-
guished from members of that species by the larger,
more coarse punctation of the elytra.
Color: Forebody and sides of elytra shiny rufo-
testaceous, venter and elytral cloud infuscated,
appendages testaceous.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 41): Broadly transverse, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly lobed
at middle; hind angles about right; side margins
not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures large and coarse, separated longitudinally
by about their own diameter; rows 2-5 effaced in
apical third, row 5 effaced in apical two-thirds,
interneurs 6 and 7 entirely effaced externally, row
1 entire though less impressed apically, interneur
8 well impressed throughout, not foveate; humeral
margin rounded and nearly straight to level of
interneur 4, not connected to base of 4; side margin
narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. brasiliensis; plica
long and well developed externally.
Microsculptnrc: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Gcnitalia: Male (Figure 54) (3 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.20-2.48 mm; width, 0.84-1.04 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?With the exception of one "normal"
specimen, those collected in Michoacan are darker
than average, especially the forebody.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
June, July, August, and October; none were teneral.
Several specimens were collected at black light. The
flight wings are fully developed; thus, it is prob-
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
able that these beetles fly. One specimen from
Tamaulipas is labeled "palm forest."
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, leukos, meaning
"white," and noun, karenon, meaning "top of the
head," referring to my friend and colleague and
the collector of the types, D. R. Whitehead.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from mid-Mexico to El Salvador and appears to be
most abundant around the Transverse Volcanic Belt
of mid-Mexico at lower elevations.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 54).?I have seen 29
specimens from the following localities:
CENTRAL AM1.RICA: EL SALVADOR: Lake Ilopango (USNM).
MEXICO: Mixico: Tejupilco to Temascaltcpcc (MCZ).
MICHOACAN: 5.0 kilometers cast of Morclia (RTBc); 5.0
kilometers west of Ciudad Hidalgo (MCZ). SAN LUIS
POIOSI: 1.8 miles north of Kl Naranjo (UASM). TAMAU-
LIPAS: 1.1 miles southeast of Chamal (UASM). VERACRUZ:
Cuitlahuac (MCZ, UASM, USNM); Fortin dc las Flores
(UASM).
18. Pericompsus crossarchon, new species
FIGURES 42, 54
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Caraguata, Mato Grosso
State, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMEN.?The unique female holotype
is in MCZ. It was collected by F. Plaumann in 1953.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 42): Similar to P.
brasiliensis, but easily distinguished from members
of that species by the presence of a punctate inter-
neur 6 on each elytron and the presence of long
setae on the elytral margin.
Color: Forebody and venter piceous, elytra
rufescent with slightly darker elytral cloud; ap-
pendages, except infuscated antennal articles 2-4,
testaceous.
Head: Across eyes much narrower than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 42): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately strongly sinuate in basal half; base
slightly arcuate at middle; hind angles slightly
obtuse; side margins not reflexed; disc moderately
convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large, separated longitudi-
nally by at least their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced in apical third, row 1 striate apically; inter-
NUMBER 162 35
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed throughout, and bifoveate just pos-
terior to Eo4c; fovea small, subequal in diameter
to width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
rounded and somewhat concave to level of inter-
neur 4, not connected to base of 4; side margin
narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate in basal fourth,
setose throughout its length, setae longer than
width of explanation; chaetotaxy as in P. brasilien-
sis; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.60 mm; width, 1.16 mm; the type
measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The single specimen was
collected in March; it was not teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek masculine noun, krossos,
meaning "fringe," and Greek masculine noun,
arch on, meaning "king," referring to the large size
of these beetles and the fringe of setae on the elytral
margin.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 54).?I have seen
only the type, from Rio Caraguata, Mato Grosso
State, Brazil.
19. Pericompsus crossodmos, new species
FIGURES 45, 47, 54
TYPE-LOCALITY.?San Fernando, Argentina.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected by J.
Daguerre in 1963. Fourteen paratypes are listed
below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 47): Similar to P.
brasiliensis, but easily distinguished from members
of that species by the small, feebly prominent eyes
and accessory setae of the pronotum, as well as the
fringe of long setae on the elytral margins.
Color: Forebody and venter piceous, shiny; elytra
rufopiceous; antennal articles 2-11 and palpi in-
fuscated; appendages testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than pronotum;
frontal furrows well impressed and evenly arcuate
to posterior margin of eye; eye small and feebly
prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 47): Transverse, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base slightly arcuate
at middle; hind angles about right; side margins
not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and separated longi-
tudinally by about their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced at apical third, row 1 entire, though less
impressed apically, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8 well impressed throughout,
not ioveate; humeral margin rounded and slightly
concave to level of interneur 4, not connected to
base of 4; side margin narrowly explanate, moder-
ately coarsely serrate in basal fourth, setose through-
out, setae longer than width of elytral explanation;
chaetotaxy as in P. brasiliensis; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 45) (2 specimens); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.12-2.68 mm; width, 1.00-1.16 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The elytra vary in color, but are
always paler than the forebody. The width of the
pronotum also varies within population samples
in relation to width of head and elytra.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek masculine noun, krossos,
meaning "fringe," and Greek masculine noun,
dmos, meaning "slave taken in war," referring to
the smaller size than members of P. crossarchon,
but still with an elytral fringe.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from the subtropical humid areas south of the Bra-
zilian Highlands to the Mediterranean-like areas
east of the southern Andes, between 20? S latitude
and 35? S latitude.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 54).?I have seen 16
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires Province,
Buenos Aires (MCZ), Martinez (CAS) , Palermo (MCZ),
?an Fernando (USNM); Entre Rios Province, La Paz
(MCZ) ; Jujiiy Province, Escuela Region Santa Catalina at
Llarallol (MCZ) ; Tucuman Province, San Miguel de
Tucuman (JN'eg). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul State,
Pelotas (USNM).
The gongylns group
The single species representing this group is
known only from Campeche, Mexico. It is peculiar
in body form in that it is highly convex and short,
with a narrow head and pronotum. The small
number of punctures on the elytron is also peculiar
to the subgenus.
36 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
48
49
FICURFS 47-50.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 47, P. crossodmos female para-
type, san Fernando, Argentina; 48, P. gongylus female holotype, Edzna, Mexico; 49, P. jeppeseni
male lcctotype, Province Mendoza, Argentina; 50, P. tolype female paratype, Santa Catarina,
Brazil.
NUMBER 162
20. Pericompsus gongylus, new species
FIGURES 48, 55
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Edzna, Campeche, Mexico.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
USNM. It was collected by G. E. Ball and D. R.
Whitehead in 19G6. One female paratype from the
same locality is in UASM.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 48): Short and con-
vex, with a narrow forebody. Easily recognized
from all other members of Pericompsus by body
form and sparse elytral punctation.
Color: Shiny rufous, elytron laterally at middle
piceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows deep, linearly foveate,
ended on midfrons; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 48): Subcordate, sides mod-
erately sinuate in basal half; base slightly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures large and coarse; separated longitudi-
nally by several times their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced in apical half, row 1 striate apically; inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed throughout and foveate at anterior
third; fovea small, subequal in diameter to width
of elytral explanation; humeral margin rounded,
abruptly angulate to apex, not connected to base
of interneur 4; side margin narrowly explanate,
coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
as in P. brasiliensis; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female characteristic
of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 1.98-2.08 mm; width, 0.88-0.92 mm;
2 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The two specimens seen are quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
April; neither was teneral. The beetles were
"treaded" from a marsh.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, gongylos, mean-
ing "round," hence "ball," referring to my friend
and mentor George E. Ball, who also collected the
types. The name has a double meaning as these
beetles are short and convex.
37
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 55).?I have seen only
two specimens from Edzna, Campeche, Mexico.
The jeppeseni group
The members of the jeppeseni group are char-
acterized by their short, stout body form and the
presence of small, nearly perforate, fovea in inter-
neur 8 at the basal fourth near seta Eo4c.
One member of this group is similar to some
members of the australis group, metallicus group,
and hirsutus group in the presence of the elytral
fringe and accessory pronotal setae.
There are two species presently representing this
group with a combined range extending from Vene-
zuela south to northern Argentina.
21. Pericompsus jeppeseni (Jensen-Haarup), new
combination
FICURES 49, 51, 56
Tachys jeppeseni Jensen-Haarup, 1910:553. [Lectotype, here
selected, a female, in ZMC. Four paralectotypes also labeled
by me in ZMC. Type-locality: Mendoza Province, Argen-
tina.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 49): Short and ro-
bust, pronotum and elytra strongly convex. Easily
distinguished from members of all other species
of the subgenus by the body form, the bright red
coloration, and the coarse elytral punctation.
Color: Shiny rufous; apex of elytron paler; ap-
pendages testaceous.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 49): Broadly transverse, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base narrowly lobed
at middle; hind angles acute, slightly denticulate;
side margins not reflexed; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures large and coarse, separated longitudinally
by their own diameter or more; rows 2-5 effaced in
apical third, row 6 short, effaced in apical two-
thirds, row 1 entire though less impressed apically,
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur
8 well impressed and foveate at basal fourth; fovea
small, about equal in diameter to width of elytral
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
51
FIGURES 51-53 Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 51, P. jeppeseni, Anatuya, Argentina; 52,
P. tolype, Calobozo, Venezuela; 53, P. univiltatus, Province Mendoza, Argentina.
FIGURE 54.?Distribution map: P. commotes (circle) , P. bilbo (star) , P. leucocarenus (box), P.
crossodmos (box with closed circle), P. crossarchon (box with open circle).
NUMBER 162 39
expanation; humeral margin rounded and about
straight to level of interneur 4, not connected to
base of interneur 4; side margin narrowly ex-
planate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. brasiliensis; plica short and well
developed.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
GenitaJia: Male (Figure 51) (2 examined) with
right paramere very short; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.08-2.36 mm; width, 1.00-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
November, February, and April; one November
specimen was teneral.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 56).?I have seen 23
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Cordoba Province, Obispo
Ticjo (USNM) ; Mcndoza Province (ZMC); Santiago del
Estcro Province, Anatuya (MCZ, UASM, USNM).
22. Pericompsus tolype, new species
FIGURES 50, 52, 57
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Twelve kilometers south of
Calabozo, Estacion Biologica de Los Llanos Vene-
zuela.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male is in
USNM. It was collected by P. and P. Spangler in
1969. Eleven paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 50): Similar to P.
jeppeseni, but easily distinguished from members
ot that species by the long setae on the elytral mar-
gin and the accessory setae of the abdominal
sterna III-IV.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, head and elytral
cloud slightly more rufous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed, short and
linear to middle of frons; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 50): Broadly subcordate, sides
strongly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins narrowly
reflexed in basal half; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by twice their own diameter or more,
except row 1, where they are more closely arranged;
FIGURE 55 Distribution map of P. gongylus.
rows 2-5 effaced apically, row 1 entire though less
impressed apically, interneurs 6 and 7 effaced ex-
ternally throughout, interneur 8 well impressed
throughout, foveate at basal third; fovea small, sub-
equal in diameter to width of elytral explanation;
humeral margin evenly rounded to level of inter-
neur 4, not connected to base of 1; side margin
narrowly explanate, coarsely serrate in basal fourth,
setose along entire margin; chaetotaxy as in P. bra-
siliensis; plica long and well developed externally.
Microscitlptiirc: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Gcnilalia: Male (Figure 52) (2 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatiis group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.04-2.40 mm; width, 0.92-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February, March, June, September, October, and
November; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek feminine noun, tolype,
meaning a "ball of yarn," referring to the form of
these beetles as well as their fringe of setae on the
elytral margin.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 57).?I have seen 12
specimens from the following localities:
<OUTH AMI RICA: ARGENTINA: La Rioja Province, F.I
Queiruido (USNM) ; Salta Province, Tartagal (USNM).
BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz Department, Tatarenda (USNM) ;
Tarija Department, Villa Montcs on Rio Pilcomayo
40
\ \ ]\-\n
"\ \ \**L.
Vz
*
/
I / /"
1 1A/ /
FIGURES 56-57.?Distribution maps: 56, P. jeppeseni; 57, P.
tolype.
(USNM); Department Unknown, "Boyuibe to Yacuiba"
(USNM), "Guairui" (USNM). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina
State, Nova Teutonia (JNeg, MCZ). VENEZUELA: Guarico
State Estacion Biologica de Los Llanos, 12.0 kilometers
south of Calabozo (USNM).
Subgenus Pericompsus, sensu stricto
DESCRIPTION.?Form various, generally subcylin-
drical rather than depressed, in some species quite
robust. Easily distinguished from members of the
other Pericompsus subgenera by the presence of a
large, nearly perforate, fovea at or near the middle
of interneur 8.
Color: Testaceous to almost black, forebody
usually contrasting with elytra or elytral pattern,
appendages testaceous or with some parts infuscated
or white.
Head: As described for genus except eyes gla-
brous, sparsely setiferous, or pubescent, ocular
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
bulge posterior to eye glabrous, frons with two or
three supraorbital setae per eye, middle of frons
glabrous, furrows various.
Prothorax: Prosternum glabrous; pronotum with
lateral margins beaded or bead partically effaced,
margins with one, two, or more pairs of setae, basal
transverse impression strongly punctate, punctures
stretched longitudinally and separated by sharp
carinae, base lobed at middle, hind angles various.
Mesothorax: Elytral interneurs punctate, striate,
or striate-punctate, interneur 8 subsulcate through-
out and foveate at or near middle, also foveate or
bifoveate at basal fourth, humeral margin rounded
or angulate to level of interneur 4; chaetotaxy
various.
Metathorax: Flight wings fully developed.
Abdomen: Sterna III to V each with one pair of
paramedial ambulatory setae, sternum VI in female
with two pairs of setae arranged in a straight row
across sternum, female also with short accessory
setae on sternum VI, male with a single pair of
long setae on VI.
Size: Length, 1.88-3.72 mm; width, 0.81-1.48 mm.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, peri, meaning
"very," and kompsus, meaning "elegant" or
"pretty," referring to the beautiful coloration and
pattern of these beetles.
DISTRIBUTION.?The combined ranges of the
species of this group extend from Massachusetts and
California in the United States to middle Argentina
and Chile in South America. Several species occur
on the major Caribbean islands.
The univittatus group
The members of the univittatus group are char-
acterized by the presence of the following: seven
entire and well-impressed punctate interneurs on
each elytron; long and rather narrow, subdepressed
form; and pale testaceous color.
There is only one species presently representing
this group with a poorly known range. Specimens
are recorded from "Mendoza Province, Argentina"
and "Chile pampas."
23. Pericompsus univittatus (Jensen-Haarup),
new combination
FICURES 53, 58, 72
Tachys univittatus Jensen-Haarup, 1910:553. [Lectotype, here
selected, a female, in ZMC. One female paralectotype also
NUMBER 162 41
labeled by me in ZMC. Type-locality: Province Mendoza,
Argentina.]
Leptotachys pallidus Jeannel, 1962:616. [Holotype, a male, in
MHNP. New synonymy. Type-locality: Southern Chile
(Pampas).]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 58): Elongate and
narrow, depressed, and resembling members of
Tachys sensu stricto more than other species of
Pericompsus. Easily distinguished from all other
Pericornpsus sensu stricto by the presence on each
elytron of seven well-impressed punctate interneurs.
Color: Testaceous, elytra near suture rufotestace-
ous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows shallowly impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of
eye; eyes moderately large and slightly prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 58): Subcordate, sides strongly
sinuate and constricted in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles slightly obtuse; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately small and more or less con-
nected by a strial impression, all rows entire though
shallower at apex; interneur 8 foveate just anterior
to middle, fovea small, subequal in diameter to
posterior fovea of humeral group; humeral margin
moderately rounded at base, not connected to base
of interneur 4; side margins narrowly explanate,
minutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Shallowly impressed, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 53) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.28-2.44 mm; width, 0.80-0.88 mm;
3 specimens measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 72).?I have seen only
two specimens, one from Mendoza Province, Ar-
gentina, and the other from Pampas of southern
Chile.
The ephippiatus group
The members of the ephippiatus group are char-
acterized by overall habitus similarities and the
presence of two setigerous pores in the third elytral
interval, that is Ed-3a, 5b. The internal sac of the
male genitalia is similar in all species of this group.
This is also true for the styli of the female genitalia.
Externally, the members of the ephippiatus group
are characterized by the following combination of
characteristics: large, prominent eyes; convex pro-
notum with two pairs of lateral setae, a coarsely
punctate posterior transverse impression, a short
sharp carina medial to each hind angle; elytra with
five or six punctate interneurs, a deeply impressed
interneur 8 (interneur 7 totally effaced externally)
with a large, near the middle, fovea and one sub-
humeral fovea, and a chaetotaxy formula of Eo-la,
2a, 3a, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b and Ed-1, 3a, 5b, 7b, 8. The
flight wings are fully developed on all members
of all species.
Besides the combination above, most members
of the species of this group have bicolored or
uicolored elytra.
There are 32 species presently representing this
group, with a combined range extending from the
northeastern United States through Arizona to
Argentina.
24. Pericompsus ephippiatus (Say)
FICURES 59, 66, 73
Bembidium ephippiatum Say, 1834:439. [Type lost. Neotype
designated by Lindroth and Freitag (1969:338) in MCZ.
Type-locality: Indiana.]
Tachys ephippiatus (Say)?LeConte 1848:468.
Pericompsus ephippiatus (Say) LeConte 1851:191.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 59): Moderately
elongate and narrow; head and prothorax much
narrower than elytra; dorsum barely convex; elytra
narrowed apically. Easily recognized in the United
States by the absence of microsculpture; for Mexico
see the key.
Color: Shiny testaceous; middle of venter rufous;
elytral cloud shape various (see below), pale rufous
to piceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than pronotum,
frontal furrows moderately impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye:
eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 59): Subcordate, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles acute, prominent; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures contiguous and more or less striate; rows
42 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
r\
58 59
60 61
FIGURES 58-61.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 58, P. univittatus female lecto-
type, Province Mendoza, Argentina; 59, P. ephippialus female, 32.5 miles cast of Comitan, Mexico;
60, P. sagma female paratype, Paso Cano, Mexico; 61, P. leechi male holotype, 5.0 miles south
of Rio Santiago Ferry, Mexico.
NUMBER 162 43
62
64 'MJX 65
FKURFS 62-65.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 62, P. pauli female, San
Salvador, F.I Salvador; 63, P. reichei male, San Albeto, Colombia; 64, P. laetulus male, 10.0
miles west of Tucson, Arizona; 65, P. longulus female, Lago Zumpango, Mexico.
44 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
1-5 less impressed apically, 6 effaced apically; inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout, in some
specimens seen as a shadow through transparent
cuticle; interneur 8 well impressed and foveate just
anterior to middle; fovea large, slightly wider than
elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded at base, not connected with base of inter-
neur 4; side margins moderately explanate, mi-
nutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4e, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b and Ed-1, 3a, 5b, 7b,
8; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Mostly effaced except near scutel-
66 67
70
FIGURES 66-71?Male genitalia, left dorsal aspect: 66, P. ephippiatus, Illinois; 67, P. leechi, 5.0
miles south of Rio Santiago Ferry, Mexico; 68, P. sagma, Manzanillo, Mexico; 69, P. pauli, near
Pijijiapan, Mexico; 70, P nevermanni, Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica; 71, P. reichei, 10.0 miles
west of Liberia, Costa Rica.
NUMBER 162 45
lum and in frontal furrows, where it consists of
large transverse reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 66) (10 examined); fe-
male (2 examined).
Size: Length, 2.32-3.00 mm; width, 1.00-1.20 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?This is a constant species in regard
to form and size, although I saw a few very small
individuals (2.32 mm). The elytral cloud is various,
always present, but ranging from two small isolated
spots?one on each elytron?at the apical third
(rare) to one, large, central, piceous to rufous cloud
extended from base to apex along the suture and
not reaching the lateral margins. These variations
occur within population samples.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Several specimens were col-
lected at "black-light." The flight wings are long;
therefore, there is little doubt the beetles are capa-
ble of flight. Specimens were collected in Mexico
in June through September and January, March,
and November. For the United States, specimens
are recorded only from the warmer months, May
to October. Teneral specimens from Louisiana,
Texas, and Guerrero, Mexico, were collected in
July. The habitat is riparian. My wife La Verne
and I collected members of this species running on
wet sandy clay flats along the Republican River
near Scandia, Kansas, where there was little or no
vegetation.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this well-collected
species extends from Massachusetts to Kansas, south
through Texas as far as Honduras. It does not
occur on the west coast of the continent north of
Jalisco.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 73).?I have seen 287
specimens from the following localities:
UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Dallas County, Selma (MCZ,
USNM); Mobile County, Mobile (MCZ); Tuscaloosa
County, Tuscaloosa (UASM). ARKANSAS: Hempstead
County, Hope (MCZ). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: (USNM).
FLORIDA: Alachua County, Gainesville (USNM); Highlands
County, Highlands Hammock State Park (USNM). ILLINOIS:
Randolph County, Fort Chartres (MCZ), Fort Chartres
Landing (USNM); Saint Clair County, Cahokia (MCZ).
IOWA: Des Moines County, Burlington (MCZ) ; Henry
County, Mount Pleasant (MCZ); Johnson County, Iowa
City (USNM). KANSAS: Cloud County, Concordia on Re-
publican River (UASM) ; Douglas County, Lawrence
(MCZ); Republic County, Scandia on Republican River
(USNM) ; Shawnee County, Topeka (USNM). KENTUCKY:
Rowan County, Morehead (CNC). LOUISIANA: Caddo
Parish, Shreveport (USNM); East Baton Rouge Parish.
Baton Rouge (USNM); Jefferson Parish, Harahan (MCZ);
Madison Parish, Tallulah (MCZ); Saint Helena Parish,
Greensburg (RTA1); Parish unknown, Bay Sara (USNM).
MARYLAND: Baltimore County, Baltimore (USNM); Mont-
gomery County, Cabin John (USNM); County unknown,
Chapel Point (USNM). MASSACHUSETTS: Franklin County,
Northfield (MCZ): Hampden County, Springfield (MCZ).
MISSISSIPPI: (MCZ); Adams County, Natchez (USNM). MIS-
SOURI: Boone County, Easley (USNM); Saint Louis County,
Creve Coeur Lake (MCZ); Saint Louis (MCZ, UMon) ;
County unknown, "C. Mo." (USNM). NEW JERSEY: Essex
County, Orange (USNM); Gloucester County, Woodbury
(MCZ). OHIO: (USNM). OKLAHOMA: Creek County, Sapulpa
(USNM). PENNSYLVANIA: Allegheny County, (MCZ); Mont-
gomery County, Arcola (MCZ) ; Pike County, Milford
(MCZ, USNM). SOUTH CAROLINA: (MCZ); Charleston
County, Charleston (UASM); Oconee County, Clemson
College (USNM). TEXAS: Bexar County, San Antonio
(USNM); Careron County, Brownsville (USNM); Chero-
kee County, Jacksonville (USNM) ; Colorado County, Co-
lumbus (MCZ) ; La Salle County, Cotulla (USNM) ; Val
Verde County, Del Rio (MCZ), Devils River (USNM).
VIRGINIA: Fairfax County, Clifton (USNM); Lee County,
Pennington Gap (USNM) ; Mecklenburg County, Roanoke
River at Route 1 (MCZ); Spotsylvania County, Fredricks-
burg (USNM).
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: 32.5 miles east of Comitan on Route 190
(UASM); 38.0 miles southeast of Comitan along Rio
Grijalva at Puente de Chamic (RTBe); junction of Routes
190 and 195 (CNC). GUERRERO: 20.4 miles north of Chil-
pancingo on Route 95 (UASM). JALISCO: Cihuatlan on
Route 110 (UASM). OAXACA: 9.9 miles north of Pochutla
on Route 175 (UASM); Rio Atoyac near Juchatengo
(UASM) ; Tapanatepec (JNeg); 72.5 miles south of Valle
Nacional on Rio Grande (UASM). SAN LUIS POTOSI: 6.0
kilometers west of Ciudad del Maiz (MCZ); El Naranjo
on Rio El Salto (CAS).
CENTRAL AMERICA: GUATEMALA: LOS Amates (USNM).
HONDURAS: Rio Humuya northwest of Comayagua (USNM).
25. Pericompsus sagma, new species
FIGURES 60, 68, 74
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Coyuca de Benitez, Guerrero,
Mexico.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected by G. E.
Ball and D. R. Whitehead in 1965. Eight paratypes
are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 60): Moderately
elongate and narrow, narrower than P. ephippiatus;
most similar to that species, but easily distinguished
by the midelytral position of the fovea of inter-
neur 8.
46
FICURE 72.?Distribution map of P. univittatus.
Color: Shiny testaceous, middle of venter rufous,
elytral cloud (Figure 60) and most of sutural inter-
val piceous.
Head: Slightly narrower across eyes than pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 60): Subcordate, sides very
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures contiguous, thus interneurs more or less
striate; rows 1 and 2 entire, rows ,3-6 effaced at
apical sixth; interneur 7 effaced externally through-
out; interneur 8 well impressed, and foveate just
FIGURE 73.?Distribution map of P. epliippiatus.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
anterior to middle; fovea moderately large, sub-
equal in diameter to width of elytral explanation;
humeral margin strongly rounded, almost angulate,
at base, not connected with base of interneur 4;
side margin minutely setulose (not serrate at 50X)
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced, even from from.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 68) (3 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.12-3.16 mm; width, 0.84-1.20 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The striking variation in size (see
above) is the only nonconstant feature I have
observed on the few specimens available for study.
NATURAL HISTORY.?No exact record of capture
is available except one specimen from near Man-
zanillo, Colima, taken at light by Ball, Leech, and
me. The area was near the sea in a cutover Palm
Forest. Other specimens are labeled "Rio" and
presumably were collected near water. The eleva-
tion range recorded is sea level to 488 meters.
Specimens were collected in March, April, August,
and December; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek noun, sagma, meaning "pack-
saddle," in reference to the saddle-shaped spot on
the elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 74).?I have seen 10
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: Puente Pijijiapan near Pijijiapan on
Route 200 (UASM); Rio Chiapas near Tuxtla Gutierrez
on Route 190 (UASM). COLIMA: 12.8 miles east of Man-
zanillo (UASM). GUERRERO: Coyuca de Benitez (UASM,
USNM). VERACRUZ: Rio Papaloapan at Paso Cano (CAS,
USNM).
26. Pericompsus leechi, new species
FIGURES 61, 67, 74
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Five miles south of Rio Grande
de Santiago Ferry, Nayarit, Mexico.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The unique holotype male is
in CAS. It was collected by H. B. Leech in 1948.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 61): Very similar
to P. ephippiatus, but easily distinguished by the
very large midfovea of interneur 8.
Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud rufous; elytral cloud with lateral piceous
spots.
NUMBER 162 47
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pronotum;
frontal furrows moderately impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 61): Subcordate, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and contiguous, more
or less striate; rows 2-6 effaced in apical sixth, row
1 entire though less impressed apically, interneur
7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8 well
impressed, and foveate at middle; fovea very large,
larger in diameter than width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded at base of
interneur 4; side margins moderately explanate,
minutely setulose (not serrate) in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Mostly effaced except on frontal
furrows, where it consists of isodiametric reticula-
tion.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 67, the type); female
unknown.
Size: Length, 2.48 mm; width, 0.96 mm; the type.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The type was collected in
November; it was not teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?The genitive patronym, leechi,
honors my friend and the friend of every coleopter-
ist using California Academy of Sciences material,
Hugh B. Leech.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 74).?I have seen only
the type from 5.0 miles south of Rio Grande de
Santiago Ferry, Nayarit, Mexico.
FIGURE 74.?Distribution map: P. sagma (circles), P. never-
manni (star), P. leechi (square).
27. Pericompsus pauli, new species
FIGURES 62, 69, 75
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Near Pijijiapan, Chiapas, Mex-
ico.
TYPE-SPECIMEN.?The holotype male is in USNM.
Is was collected by P. J. Spangler in 1965. Five
paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 62): Similar to P.
histrionellus, but easily distinguished from that
species by the shape of the elytral cloud, the less
convex pronotum, and the more anteriorly posi-
tioned midfovea of interneur 8.
Color: Shiny testaceous, elytral cloud rufopiceous.
Head: Slightly narrower across eyes than pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 62): Subcordate, sides moder-
ately sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed; hind
angles slightly obtuse; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by their own diameter or slightly
more; rows 2 to 5 effaced apically, row 1 entire;
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout, interneur
8 well impressed, and foveate just anterior to mid-
dle; fovea moderately large, about as wide as elytral
explanation; humeral margin strongly rounded at
base, not connected with base of interneur 4; side
margins moderately explanate, minutely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephip-
piatus; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from most of dorsal sur-
face except shallowly impressed isodiametric reticu-
lation on scutellum and anterior edge of pronotum.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 69) (1 examined); female
characteristic of species group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.28-2.96 mm; width, 0.92-1.08 mm;
5 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The two samples available are quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The type was collected at
black-light in July along a small gravelly stream
(Spangler, per. comm.), and it is fully winged.
ETYMOLOGY.?The genitive patronym, paul, hon-
ors that indefatigable collector of aquatic and
riparian beetles, Paul J. Spangler, who collected
the type of this species.
48 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURE 75 Distribution map: P. pauti (squares), P. reichei (circles), P. laetulus (stars)
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 75).?I Ijave seen six
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: Near Pijijiapan (USNM).
CENTRAL AMERICA: EL SALVADOR: San Salvador (JNeg,
USNM).
28. Pericompsus nevermanni (Darlington),
new status
FIGURES 1, 70, 74
Tachys nevermanni Darlington, 1934:160. [Holotype male in
MCZ. Type-locality: Hamburg Farm, near Port Limon,
Costa Rica.]
Tachys (Pericompsus) nevermanni Darlington, 1934:160.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 1): Moderately
elongate and narrow with medially constricted
elytra. Easily distinguished from all other Peri-
compsus members by the huge fovea of interneur 8.
Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer rufous, elytral
cloud rufopiceous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows short and deeply
impressed, not prolonged posteriorly beyond mid-
eye level; eyes medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 1): Nearly quadrate, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base lobed at mid-
dle; hind angles acute, slightly prominent; side
margins beaded, not reflexed; disc slightly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate intemeurs;
punctures small and separated longitudinally by
about their own diameter; all rows effaced in apical
third, interneur 7 effaced externally throughout,
interneur 8 well impressed, sulcate, and foveate
just posterior to middle; fovea huge, wider than
elytral explanation; humeral margin angulate at
base, not connected with base of interneur 4; side
margins narrowly explanate, not serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica
long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately impressed, nearly
isodiametric reticulation on frons, pronotum, and
elytra.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 70) (3 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.32-2.80 mm; width, 0.96-1.12 mm;
10 specimens measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February, March, May, and July; several, but not
NUMBER 162 49
all, March specimens were teneral. One specimen
was collected at light. The flight wings of all
specimens are fully developed; thus, the beetles
probably fly. Nevermann collected these beetles
"auf Sandbank."
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 74).?I have seen 22
specimens, all paratypes (MCZ, USNM), from
Hamburg Farm near Port Lim6n, Costa Rica.
29. Pericompsus reichei (Putzeys)
FIGURES 63, 71, 75
Rembidium reichei Putzeys, 1846:415. [Lectotype,' here se-
lected, sex undetermined because of poor condition, in
IRSNB. Type-locality: Cumana, Venezuela.]
Pericompsus reichei (Putzeys). Schaum 1860:202.
Tachys cribellatus Bates, 1882:143. [Lectotype, here selected,
sex undetermined, in MHNP. New synonymy. Type-locality:
Mexico.]
Pericompsus sticticus Bates, 1882:146. [Lectotype, here selected,
a male, :n BMNH. Ten paralectotypes also labeled by me,
8 in BMNH* 2 in MHNP. New synonymy. Type-locality:
Panzos, Paso Antonio, Guatemala.]
Pericompsus quadrillum Bates, 1884:290 (not Schaum). [Lecto-
type, here selected, a female in BMNH. Fourteen paralecto-
types also labeled by me, 10 in BMNH, 4 in MHNP.
Already considered a local variety (Bates, 1891:261). Type-
locality: Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico.]
Tachys mexicanus Csiki 1928:187. [New name for Pericompsus
quadrillum Bates (not Schaum).]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 63): Moderately
elongate and narrow with more or less parallel-sided
elytra. Easily distinguished from all members of
the subgenus by the piceous body color and 4 white
elytral spots.
Color: Dull piceous, appendages and elytral spots
pale testaceous, distal antennal articles infuscated.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 63): Quadrate-subcordate,
sides moderately sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed at middle; hind angles acute, slightly promi-
nent; side margins narrowly reflexed; disc slightly
convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs
striate in part; punctures moderately large, sepa-
rated longitudinally by less than their own diam-
eter; rows 1-3 less impressed apically, rows 4-6
effaced apically, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
just anterior to middle; fovea small, subequal to
posterior fovea of humeral series; humeral margin
strongly angulate at base, connected with base of
interneur 4; side margins narrowly explanate, mi-
nutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Well-impressed, nearly isodia-
meteric reticulation on dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 71) (8 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 2.16-2.80 mm; width, 0.84-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The size of the elytral spots varies
within population samples.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
April through July; one July specimen was teneral.
Several specimens were collected at "black-light."
The flight wings are fully developed; thus, the
beetles probably fly. My wife LaVerne and I col-
lected these beetles running on fine-grained sand
margins of rainwater pools above the Rio Fonseca
in Panama. The beetles were also hiding beneath
half-buried twigs and branches and in grass roots
near the pools. The single specimen from Jamaica
indicates the species can cross water gaps in some
manner; however, the establishment of the species
on Jamaica is unconfirmed.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from mid-Mexico through Central America to the
north coast of South America. One specimen has
been collected recently (1962) on the island of
Jamaica.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 75).?I have seen 181
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: JAMAICA: Trelawny Parish, Martha Brae near
Falmouth (USNM).
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: 32.5 miles east of Comitan on Route 190
(UASM); Puente de Chamic, 38.0 miles southeast of
Comitan on Rio Grijalva (RTBe); 18.6 miles southeast of
Tonala on Route 200 (UASM). SAN LUIS POTOSI: Tama-
zunchale-Quinta Chilla (UASM, USNM). TABASCO: San
Jaun Bautista (MCZ, USNM); Teapa (BMNH, MHNP).
VERACRUZ: Paso Cano on Rio Papuloapam (CAS).
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: 9.0 miles west of
Esparta (USNM); 10.0 miles northwest of Liberia (MCZ,
UASM, USNM). GUATEMALA: LOS Amates (MCZ); Panzos
at Paso Antonio (BMNH, MHNP). HONDURAS: 5.0 miles
east of Choluteca (USNM); Lancetilla (MCZ). PANAMA:
Puerto Armuelles (MCZ).
SOUTH AMERICA: COLOMBIA: Magdalena Department, Rio
Frio (MCZ, USNM); Rio Cesar at San Albete Inclupalva
(JNeg). VENEZUELA: Sucre State, Cumana (IRSNB).
50
30. Pericompsus laetulus LeConte
FIGURES 64, 75, 80
Pericompsus laetulus LeConte, 1851:192. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a female, in MCZ, number 5588. Type-locality:
Valley of the Gila River, near Pima, Arizona.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 64): More elongate,
narrow, and parallel sided than P. ephippiatus.
Similar to members of P. longulus, but without the
infuscated pronotum. Easily distinguished from the
other United States species by the presence of non-
granulate isodiametric microsculpture on the dorsal
surface.
Color: Rufotestaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud rufopiceous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 64): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins nar-
rowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures more or less contiguous, especially in
apical two-thirds striate; rows 1-5 entire though
less impressed apically, row 6 effaced at apical sixth,
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur
8 well impressed and foveate just anterior to mid-
dle; fovea small, subequal in diameter to diameter
of posterior fovea of humeral group; humeral mar-
gin angulate at base, carinate. connected to carinate
base of interneur 4; side margins moderately
explanate, minutely setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Well-impressed, nearly isodia-
metric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 80) (6 examined); female
characteristic of species group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.60-3.08 mm; width, 0.96-1.12 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Some specimens have a narrower
pronotum than average. This variation occurs
within population samples.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
January and from June through September; teneral
specimens were collected in August and September.
It is probable that the larvae are active in June
and July, the hottest months of summer, but also
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
the wettest. Data from labels indicate an elevation
range of 1281 to 1647 meters. Also, many records
indicate specimens are collected at light, the indi-
viduals are fully winged, therefore these beetles
are probably capable of flight.
DISTRIBUTION.?Available records indicate two
disjunct areas where these beetles occur (Figure
75), with a wide gap in between. The gap occurs in
the desert region of northern Mexico, an area
which has not been well collected; therefore, the
gap may be artificial.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 75).?I have seen 83
specimens from the following localities:
UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: (MCZ); Cochise County, Ben-
son (CAS), Douglas (MCZ, USNM), Guadalupc (USNM),
Portal (MCZ), 5.0 miles west of Portal (USNM), San
Pedro at Fairbanks (CAS); Graham County, Valley of the
Gila River near Pima (MCZ); Pima County, Santa Rita
Mountains (CAS), 10.0 miles west of Tucson (MDru,
USNM); Santa Cruz County, Calabasas Canyon (UASM),
Madera Canyon at Bog Springs Campground (USNM),
Nogales (MCZ, USNM). NEW MFXICO: Hidalgo County,
Ciencga Lake, about 15 miles north of Rodeo (CAS).
MEXICO: DURANGO: Durango (USNM); 4.2 miles west of
Vicente Guerrero on Route 45 (UASM). SONORA: Saric
(CAS).
31. Pericompsus longulus Bates
FIGURES 65, 81, 87
Pericompsus longulus Bates, 1878:601. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a male, in MHNP. One paralectotype also labeled
by me in MHNP. Type-locality: "Mexico, near the Capitol"
as mentioned by Bates; herewith restricted to the State of
Mexico, Lago Zumpango, near San Juan Zitlaltepec]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 65): more elongate,
narrow, and parallel sided than P. ephippiatus.
Easily distinguished from all other members of the
subgenus by body form and infuscated pronotum.
Color: Forebody dorsum rufopiceous, venter pi-
ceous, elytra and appendages testaceous, elytral
cloud piceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows deeply impressed,
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 65): Transverse, sides sinuate
in basal half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind
angles about right; side margins moderately re-
flexed; disc slightly convex.
NUMBER 162 51
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures medium sized, coarsely impressed, sepa-
rated longitudinally by less than their own diam-
eter; rows 2-6 effaced apically, row 1 entire, though
less impressed apically, interneur 7 effaced ex-
ternally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed
and foveate just anterior to middle; fovea small,
subequal in diameter to posterior fovea of humeral
series; humeral margin strongly rounded at base,
almost angulate, not quite connected to base of
interneur 4; side margins minutely serrate-setulose
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Feebly impressed, slighlty trans-
verse reticulation on entire dorsum.
Gcnitalia: Male (Figure 81) (2 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.68-3.00 mm; width, 1.00-1.16 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
May, June, and December; none were teneral. One
specimen was collected at "black-light." The flight
wings are fully developed; thus, the beetles probably
fly. All specimens seen were found at higher eleva-
tions on the Mexican "Altiplano" or in Oaxaca at
1700 meters elevation or higher, or in the Trans-
verse Volcanic belt at 2300 meters. Ball and White-
head collected these beetles on the shores of one of
the eight playa-like lakes near San Juan Zitlaltepec.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 87).?I have seen 21
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: DISTRITO FEDERAL: Creek at Lomas de Chapultepec
(MCZ). DURANCO: 10.0 miles west of Durango (CNC,
USNM). MEXICO: Lago Zumpango, near San Juan Zitlatepec
(UASM, USNM); San Martin (USNM). OXACA: Oxaca
(USNM).
32. Pericompsus silicis, new species
FIGURES 76, 86, 89
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Humuya, northwest Com-
ayagua, Honduras.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
USNM. It was collected by O. S. Flint in 1967.
Three paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 76): Similar to P.
longulus, but easily distinguished from that species
by the more extensive elytral cloud and the nar-
rower pronotal explanations.
Color: Rufous, venter piceous at middle, elytral
cloud piceous, outlined with testaceous, appendages
testaceous.
Head: Across eyes narrower than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 76): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins nar-
rowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by about their own diameter, all
rows entire, though less impressed apically, inter-
neur 7 effaced throughout, interneur 8 well im-
pressed, and foveate just anterior to middle; fovea
moderately large, subequal in diameter to width
of elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded, almost angulate, at base, not connected
to base of interneur 4; side margin moderately ex-
planate, moderately serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Shallowly impressed isodiametric
reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 86) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.60-2.88 mm; width, 1.04-1.16 mm;
4 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
May and August; none were teneral. Nevermann's
specimen from Costa Rica is labeled "in lamp-
shade." The specimen is fully winged; therefore, it
probably flew to light.
ETYMOLOGY.?Latin genetive from silex, any
"hard stone" or "flint," in honor of my colleague
and collector of the type of this species, Oliver S.
Flint.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 89).?I have seen four
specimens from the following localities:
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: San Jose (USNM) .
HONDURAS: Rio Humuya northwest of Comayagua (USNM).
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Mato Grosso
(MCZ) . COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca Department, Rio Mag-
dalcna at Bogota (MCZ).
52
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
76
>Vlr7K
ft ^ 78
77
79
FIGURES 76-79.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 76, P. silicis male paratype,
San Jose, Costa Rica; 77, P. tlaloc female paratype, Puente Caquixtle, Mexico; 78, P. gracilior
male, Guazapa, El Salvador; 79, P. jamcubanus female paratype, Morant Bay, Jamaica.
NUMBER 162 53
13 IS 86
FIGURES 80-86?Genitalia of Pericompsus species. Male, left lateral aspect: 80, P. laetulus,
Benson, Arizona; 81, P. longulus, Lorn as de Chapultepec, Mexico; 82, P. jamcubanus, Imias,
Cuba; 83, P. tlaloc, Rio San Lorenzo, Mexico; 84, P. gracilior, Vera Cruz, Mexico; 86, P. sicilis,
San Jose, Costa Rica. Female, right half of ventral aspect: 85, P. gracilior, Vera Cruz, Mexico.
54
33. Pericompsus tlaloc, new species
FIGURES 77, 83, 88
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio San Lorenzo, 30.6 miles
south of Culiacan on Route 15, Sinaloa, Mexico.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in the USNM. Both were collected by G. E.
Ball, T. L. Erwin, and R. E. Leech in 1967. Forty-
eight paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 77): Similar to P.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
laetulus, but distinguishable from that species by
the coarser punctation of the interneurs, the more
midelytra location of the midfovea of interneur 8,
and by the more robust elytra.
Color: Testaceous, venter of hind body piceous,
elytral cloud (Figure 77) rufopiceous, outer anten-
nal articles dusky or infuscated.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows deeply impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
FICURES 87-88.?Distribution maps: 87, P. gracilior (circles), P. tongulus (stars); 88, P. tlaloc.
NUMBER 162 55
FIGURE 89 Distribution map of P. silicis.
of eye; eyes very large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 77): Broadly subcordate, sides
abruptly sinuate near hind angles; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins nar-
rowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large, coarse, and separated
longitudinally by about their own diameter; rows
1 to 5 entire, row 6 effaced at extreme apex; inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed, and foveate just anterior to middle;
fovea small, narrower in diameter than width of
elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded, almost angulate, and connected with
carinate base of interneur 4; side margins moder-
ately explanate, minutely serrate-setulose in basal
fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Entire dorsal surface with deeply
impressed, almost granulate, isodiametric reticula-
tion.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 83) (4 examined); female
characteristic of species group (3 examined).
Size: Length, 2.40-3.08 mm; width, 0.92-1.12 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?This is a highly variable species and
should be critically studied when more material
is available. Three specimens, all females, from
Zacatecas are very large, with an expanded and
darkly pigmented elytral cloud; another female
from Jalisco perfectly matches this pattern. All four
specimens have large robust elytra. A single male
specimen from Oaxaca is rather small, with a re-
duced elytral cloud compared with the above speci-
mens. The rest of the specimens, all from coastal
localities from Colima to Sonora, are more homo-
geneous in size, but tend to display differently
shaped elytral clouds. The specimens from San
Luis Potosi, Chiapas, and Veracruz are slightly
more elongate, and have a narrower pronotum.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Several specimens were col-
lected at "black-light." The flight wings are long;
therefore, the beetles are probably capable of flight.
Specimens were collected in all months except Feb-
ruary, May, and December; none were teneral. The
recorded elevation ranges from sea level in Colima
to 1652 meters in Jalisco. Ball, Leech, and I col-
lected several specimens from beneath stones and
gravel along the Rio San Lorenzo in Sinaloa. There
was virtually no vegetation along the broad gravel
bars. The beetles were made active by splashing
water on the gravel.
ETYMOLOGY.?Tlaloc, meaning the "god of rain
and thunder" in early Teotihuacan and Nahuat-
Toltec cultures of central Mexico, in reference to
the riparian habitat of this species.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from the western deserts of northern Mexico
through the tropical regions of Mexico south to
Costa Rica. The distribution overlaps that of P.
gracilior almost exactly and both species have been
taken together on the Rio San Lorenzo in Sinaloa.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 88).?I have seen 50
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: El Chorreadero, 5.5 miles east of Chiapa
de Corzo (UASM); 32.5 miles east Comitan on Route 190
(UACM, USNM). COLIMA: 12.8 miles east of Manzanillo
(UASM). JALISCO: Puente Caquixtla on Route 45, 9.7 miles
east of Encarnacion de Diaz (UASM). NAYARIT: Rio
Acaponeta on Route 15, 2.4 miles south of Acaponeta
(USNM); 5.0 miles south of Acaponeta (CAS, USNM).
OAXACA: Rio Atoyac near Juchatengo (UASM). SAN LUIS
POTOSI: 3.6 miles west El Naranjo on Route 180 (UASM).
SINALOA: LOS Mochis (CAS); 26.0 miles north of Pericos
(CAS, USNM); Rio San Lorenzo on Route 15, 30.6 miles
south of Culiacan (BMNH, MCZ, UASM, USNM). SONORA:
Alamos (CAS, USNM); 8.0 miles southeast of Alamos
(GRNo, USNM); San Carlos Bay (CAS). VERACRUZ: Cor-
doba (CAS).
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: 10.0 miles northwest of
Liberia (USNM).
56
34. Pericompsus gracilior (Bates), new combination
FICURES 78, 84, 85, 87
Tachys gracilior Bates, 1884:289. [Lectotype, here selected, a
female, in MHNP. One paralectotype also labeled by me in
MHNP. Type-locality: Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico (Bates
misspelled Yautepec as Yantepec).]
Pericompsus oculaticauda Casey, 1918:172. [Lectotype, here
selected, a female, in USNM. New synonymy. Type-locality:
Frontera, Tabasco, Mexico.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 78): Similar to P.
ephippiatus, except pronotum and elytra more
convex; elytra also relatively shorter.
Color: Shiny testaceous or ferrugineous, mid-
venter rufous, pronotal and elytral pattern various
(see below).
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows strongly impressed ante-
riorly, less so near eye, evenly arcuate to posterior
margin of eye; eyes medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 78): Subcordate, sides sinuate
in basal half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind
angles acute, prominent; side margins not reflexed,
almost effaced in middle, disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 5 or 6 punctate inter-
neurs; punctures coarsely impressed, separated
longitudinally by at least their own diameter; rows
1-5 extended to apical third, row 6 (if present)
shorter, interneur 7 effaced externally throughout,
interneur 8 well impressed and foveate just pos-
terior to middle; fovea large, slightly wider than
elytral explanation; humeral margin rounded at
base, not connected to base of interneur 4; side
margins moderately explanate, not serrate-setulose
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 84) (5 examined); female
(Figure 85) characteristic of genus (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.16-2.92 mm; width, 0.88-1.16 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?This is a highly variable species
with apparently definite geographic forms in the
material at hand. Although I saw numerous indi-
viduals, I hesitate to designate subspecific names at
this time because of lack of numerous locality sam-
ples from critical areas.
The color pattern of the elytra and pronotum
is slightly variable within population samples and
is possibly due to age of the individual. However,
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
the examples from Costa Rica are all very dark
piceous on the sides of the pronotum and the disc
of the elytra. Throughout the rest of the range, the
pronotum is testaceous and the elytral disc is rufous,
margined posteriorly and laterally with piceous
spots.
The side margins of the pronotum medially are
almost effaced in some Oaxacan specimens (17.7
miles west of El Camaron). This same sample has
only five punctate interneurs on the elytron. One
other specimen from Rio Atenquique shares this
latter character state. However, numerous indi-
viduals from throughout the range of the species
have one to three punctures representing the sixth
interneur. The character state is apparently under-
going change from interneur 6 present to absent.
The three presently recognizable morphs dis-
cussed above are here designated respectively the
"darkly-pigmented morph" of Costa Rica, the "5?
interneur morph" of Oaxaca, Morelos, and Jalisco,
and the common widespread "6-interneur morph."
Should subspecific ranking be necessary later, the
"5-interneur morph" is typical. Casey's name (see
above) refers to the more common widespread
"6-interneur morph."
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
all months except September through November;
none seen were teneral. Several specimens from
Costa Rica were collected at light. The flight wings
are fully developed; thus, it is probable these
beetles fly. Nevermann collected these beetles, "auf
Sandbank"; Ball and Whitehead found them along
rivers, P. J. and P. M. Spangler collected them at
night (at light or with flashlight) on the sandy lake
shore of Lake Ilopango, El Salvador; and Ball,
Leech, and I found them under stones along the
sandy river courses of Rio Malatengo and Rio
Lorenzo in Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from the northernmost reaches of the tropical belt
on the west coast of Mexico south to Colombia. The
distribution overlaps that of P. tlaloc almost exactly,
and both species were collected together on the
Rio San Lorenzo in Sinaloa.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 87).?I have seen 184
specimens from the following localities:
MEXICO: CHIAPAS: Puente Coaten near Tapachula on Route
200 (UASM); Rio Chiapa near Tuxtla-Gutierrez on Route
190 (UASM). DISTRITO FEDERAL: Coatlan del Rio (JNeg) ?
GUERRERO: Acapulco (MCZ); Rio Papagayo 24.8 miles east
NUMBER 162 57
of Acapulco on Route 200 (UASM). JALISCO: Junction Rio
Ameca and Route 200 near Puerto Vallarta (UASM,
USNM) ; Atenquique (CAS); Rio Atenquique 4.0 miles
south of Atenquique (UASM) . MORELOS: Yautepec
(MHNP) . OAXACA: 17.7 miles west of El Camaron on Route
190 (UASM, USNM); 25.0 miles east of El Camaron on
Route 190 (UASM); Rio Malatengo, 11.1 miles north of
Matias Romero on Route 185 (UASM); Rio Valle Nacional
at Valle Nacional (UASM). SAN LUIS POTOSI: Tamazunchale-
Quinta Chilla (UASM). SINALOA: Culiacan (USNM); 30.6
miles south of Culiacan along Rio .San Lorenzo on Route
15 (UASM); Mazatlan (CAS); Rio del Presidio at Villa
Union (UASM). TABASCO: Frontera (USNM). VERACRUZ:
Rio Papaloapan at Paso Cano (CAS); Veracruz (MCZ,
USNM).
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: Hamburg Farm at
Reventazon (MCZ, USNM); Rio Vieja (USNM). EL SAL-
VADOR: Guazapa (JNeg); Lake Ilopango (MCZ, UASM,
USNM) . GUATEMALA: LOS Amatcs (USNM). HONDURAS:
Rio Humuya northwest of Camayagua (USNM).
SOUTH AMERICA: COLOMBIA: Magdalena Department, Rio
Cesar at San Albete Indupalua QNeg).
35. Pericompsus jamcubanus, new species
FIGURES 79, 82, 104
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Soledad (Cienfuegos), Cuba.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. Both were collected by P. J. Dar-
lington, Jr. in 1934. Sixty-nine paratypes are listed
below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 79): Similar to P.
philipi except pronotum shorter and more cordate.
Easily distinguished from members of the other
Antillian species by the elytral pattern and piceous
pronotum.
Color: Venter, pronotum at least at sides, and
elytral cloud piceous; head rufous, appendages
testaceous.
Head: Across eyes about subequal to width of
pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 79): Subcordate, sides moder-
ately sinuate in basal half; base lobed at middle;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures medium sized and separated longitudi-
nally by twice or more their own diameter; rows
2-6 effaced in apical third, row 1 entire though
less impressed and striate apically, interneur 7
effaced externally throughout; interneur 8 well
impressed throughout and foveate just anterior to
middle; fovea small, subequal in diameter to width
of elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded at base, to level of interneur 4, not con-
nected to 4; side margins moderately explanate,
moderately serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chae-
totaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Very shallowly impressed, nearly
isodiametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 82) (2 examined); female
characteristic of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 2.08-2.76 mm; width, 0.80-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Five specimens, two from Soledad
and three from Cauto River, have the pronotum
testaceous rather than piceous; three of these are
teneral and generally pale overall. The other two
specimens have the pronotum dark rufous laterally.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
January, April, May, June through August, and
October through December. Teneral specimens
were collected in August and December. Darlington
recorded habitats on some labels as follows: "Shady
cover, bank Arimao River," "Gravel bar, Arimao
River," and "mud, Arimao River." The species is,
no doubt, riparian.
ETYMOLOGY.?The barbaric adjective name, jam-
cubanus, is a combination of "Jamaica" and
"Cuba," referring to the dwelling place of members
of this species.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is con-
fined to the islands of Cuba and Jamaica.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 104).?I have seen 71
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: CUBA: Cauto River at Cauto El Cristo (MCZ,
USNM); Cayamas (USNM); Imias (MCZ); Maisi (MCZ); San
Bias and vicinity of Trinidad Mountains (MCZ); Soledad-
Cienfuegos (MCZ, USNM); 5.0 miles east of Soledad-
Cienfuegos (MCZ); 10.0 miles east of Soledad-Cienfuegos
(MCZ); Trinidad Mountains (MCZ). JAMAICA: (USNM);
Rio Cobre 5.0 miles north of Spanish Town (MCZ, USNM).
36. Pericompsus elegantulus (Laferte), new
combination
FIGURES 90, 98, 104
Tachys elegantulus Laferte, 1841:46. [Lectotype, here selected,
a male, in MHNP. Type-locality: Not given previously,
58 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
90 91
92
FIGURES 90-93.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 90, P. elegantulus female,
Rio Anasco, Puerto Rico; 91, P. morantensis female paratypc, Morant Bay, Jamaica; 92, P.
philipi male, Enncry, Haiti; 93, P. prionomus female holotype, Barro Colorado Island, Canal
Zone.
93
NUMBER 162 59
95
FIGURES 94-97.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 94, P. histrionellus female,
Rio Frio, Colombia; 95, P. circuliformis female, Colliguay, Chile; 96, P. andinus female lectotype,
Province Mendoza, Argentina; 97, P. nonandinus male holotype, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
60 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
herewith designated as Rio AnSsco north of Mayaguez, DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 90): Similar to P.
Puerto Rico.] pegasus, but elytral punctation much finer and
Pericompsus blandulus Schaum, 1859:202. [Lectotype, here discal markings more expanded,
selected, a female, in HUB. New synonymy. Type-locality: Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer piceous, elytral
Puerto Rico.] cloud piceous, appendages testaceous.
98
111
99
182
FIGURES 98-103?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 98, P. elegantulus, Rio Anasco, Puerto Rico;
99, P. morantensis, Morant Bay, Jamaica; 100, P. philipi, 25.0 kilometers south of Puerto Plata,
Dominican Republic; 101, P. circuliformis, Concon, Chile; 102, P. histrionellus, Rio Frio,
Colombia; 103, P. andinus, Province Mendoza, Argentina.
188
163
NUMBER 162 61
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 90): Subcordate, sides moder-
ately sinuate in basal half; base lobed at middle;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small, separated longitudinally by about
their own diameter; rows 2-6 effaced in apical third,
row 1 entire though less impressed apically, inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed and foveate just anterior to middle;
fovea large, slightly wider than elytral explanation;
humeral margin rounded at base, not connected to
base of interneur 4; side margins moderately ex-
planate, moderately serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Nearly effaced from dorsal sur-
face of forebody, more impressed on elytra, and
consisting of transversely stretched reticulations.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 98) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.08-2.86 mm; width, 0.92-1.16 mm;
7 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
April, August, and October; none were teneral.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 104): I have seen
eight specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: PUERTO RICO: (MHNP); Ciales (USNM);
Coamo Springs (USNM); Rio Anasco north of Mayagiiez
(USNM).
NOTE.?Since the status of Laferte's varietal name,
Tachys elegantulus, is confused in past literature,
I add this note of explanation. Tachys elegantulus
was originally an MS name of Klug; the type bears
the label "elegantulus Klug, in litt." Laferte (1841)
published a paper describing 10 new species of
Carabidae (and a new buprestid species) from
Texas. In his description of Tachys pulchellus
(from Texas) on page 46, he mentions other species,
using Klug's MS names, and partially describes
these species. Klug never published the names;
therefore, Laferte's descriptions, using Klug's
names, are valid and must be considered as first
published.
The fact that the names were included in descrip-
tions of Texas species led subsequent authors to
think this was the type-locality (Laferte did not
give one for T. elegantulus but did for T. concin-
nus, see his page 47). LeConte (1848), Hayward
(1900), and Casey (1918) all regarded Laferte's
name T. elegantulus as synonymous with Tachys
(= Pericompsus) ephippiatus Say, as that was the
only similar form known to occur in Texas (evi-
dently none of them saw the type). Laferte, in fact,
regarded T. elegantulus as a variety of T. ephip-
piatus on his page 47. However, Laferte's specimen
agrees perfectly with specimens from Puerto Rico
and I regard this as its place of origin, and there-
fore its name as a senior synonym of Pericompsus
blandulus Schaum (of which the type agrees per-
fectly).
37. Pericompsus morantensis, new species
FIGURES 91, 99, 104
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Morant Bay, Jamaica.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected by E. A.
Chapin and R. E. Blackwelder in 1937. Eight
paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 91): Similar to P.
longulus without the broad pronotum of that
species. Easily distinguished from members of other
Antillian species by the elytral cloud, which does
not reach the lateral margin medially.
Color: Venter, elytral cloud, and dorsum of fore-
body rufopiceous, head slightly paler than pro-
notum; appendages and elytral margins testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes moderately
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 91): Moderately broadly sub-
cordate, sides sinuate in basal half; base strongly
lobed at middle; hind angles slightly acute, slightly
prominent; side margins not reflexed; disc moder-
ately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and separated longi-
tudinally by about their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced in apical third, row 2 slightly longer than
3-6, row 1 entire, though less impressed, and
62
interneur 1 striate in apical third, interneur 7
effaced externally throughout, interneur 8 well
impressed throughout and foveate just anterior to
middle; fovea moderately large, larger in diameter
than width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
rounded at base to level of interneur 4, not con-
nected to base of 4; side margins moderately ex-
planate, minutely setulose in basal fourth, not
serrate; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Very lightly impressed, nearly
isodiametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 99) (1 examined); female
not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.32-2.88 mm; width, 0.88-1.00 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February and September; none were teneral. Dar-
lington recorded one specimen from "Swamps."
ETYMOLOGY.?The adjective name, morantensis,
refers to the type-locality of this species, Morant
Bay, Jamaica.
FIGURES 104-105.?Distribution maps: 104, P. jamcubanus
(circles) , P. elegantulus (stars), P. morantensis (squares);
105, P. philipi (circles), P. prionomus (star).
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 104).?I have seen 10
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Damian (MCZ). HAITI:
Swamps north of Dessaline (MCZ). JAMAICA: Gutters
(USNM); Morant Bay (MCZ, USNM).
38. Pericompsus philipi, new species
FIGURES 92, 100, 105
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Ennery, Haiti, Hispaniola.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. Both were collected by P. J. Dar-
lington, Jr., in 1934. Thirty-eight paratypes are
listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 92): Narrower than
P. elegantulus, with a small and less pigmented
elytral cloud. Easily distinguished from members
of other Antillian species by the elytral pattern.
Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud piceous, appendages pale testaceous.
Head: Across eyes about subequal to width of
pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 92): Narrowly subcordate,
sides shallowly sinuate in basal half; base moder-
ately lobed at middle; hind angles slightly acute;
side margins not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large, separated longitudi-
nally by about their own diameter; rows 2-6 effaced
in apical third, row 1 entire and striate in apical
third, interneur 7 effaced externally throughout;
interneur 8 well impressed throughout and foveate
just anterior to middle; fovea small, less in diam-
eter than width of elytral explanation; humeral
margin rounded at base to level of interneur 4,
not' connected to 4; side margins narrowly ex-
planate, minutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 100) (2 examined);
female characteristic of ephippiatus group (3
examined).
Size: Length, 2.28-2.76 mm; width, 0.92-1.12 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Two of the three specimens seen
from Cuba have the sides of the pronotum slightly
NUMBER 162 63
infuscated. In all other respects they agree with
typical Hispaniola specimens.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
June through October; one July specimen was
teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?The genitive patronym, philipi,
honors my friend and mentor who collected the
types of this species, Philip J. Darlington, Jr.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is con-
fined to the island of Hispaniola and the eastern-
most portion of Cuba. Since the number of speci-
mens found in Cuba is small, the establishment of
the species on the island is doubtful. The specimens
may represent annual wind drift.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 105).?I have seen 37
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: CUHA: Oriente Province, Imias (MCZ), Hon-
ogolosongo (MCZ). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Constanza (MCZ);
25.5 kilometers south of Pueno Plata (MCZ, USNM); Rio
Yaquc de Sur, about 25 miles from mouth (MCZ). HAITI:
Camp Perrin (MCZ); Damien (MCZ, USNM); Ennery
(MCZ, USNM); Plaine de l'Artibonite (MCZ, USNM).
39. Pericompsus prionotnus, new species
FIGURES 93, 105
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Barro Colorado Island, Canal
Zone, Panama.
TYPE-SPECIMEN.?The unique holotype female is
in MCZ. It was collected by M. Bates in 1935.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 93): Similar to P.
pegasus, but easily distinguished from members of
that species by the nearly contiguous punctures of
the elytral interneurs.
Color: Shiny testaceous, middle of venter rufous,
elytral cloud piceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 93): Narrowly subcordate,
sides sinuate and constricted in basal half; base
broadly lobed; hind angles slightly obtuse, sharp,
side margins not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small, separated longitudinally by their
own diameter or less; rows 2-6 effaced at apical
sixth, row 1 shallower apically, interneur 7 effaced
externally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed,
and foveate just anterior to middle; fovea large,
subequal in diameter to width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin moderately rounded at base,
not connected with base of interneur 4; side mar-
gins moderately explanate, moderately coarsely
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Mostly effaced except on scutel-
lum and in frontal furrows.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.72 mm; width, 1.16 mm; the type
measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The single specimen was
collected in January; it was not teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek noun, prion, meaning "saw"
(serrate) and, omos, meaning "shoulder," referring
FIGURES 106-107?Distribution maps: 106, P. histrionellus;
107, P. circuliformis (circles), P. nonandinus (squares), P.
atnygdalis (stars), P. andinus (circled stars) .
64
to the coarsely serrate humeral margin of the
elytron.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 105).?I have seen
only the type from Barro Colorado Island, Canal
Zone, Panama.
40. Pericompsus histrionellus Bates
FIGURES 94, 102, 106
Pericompsus histrionellus Bates, 1884:290. (Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in BMNH. Seven paralectotypes labeled
by me. 5 in BMNH, 2 in MHNP. Type-locality: Los
Remedios, Panama.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 94): Shorter and
more robust than P. ephippiatus and with a smaller,
more convex pronotum; most similar to P. jam-
cubanus except elytra more strongly microsculp-
tured and discal cloud smaller.
Color: Various (see below); appendages pale
testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 94): Subcordate, sides moder-
ately sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed; hind
angles acute, almost right; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures separated longitudinally by their own
diameter or less, not quite contiguous; rows 1 and
2 entire to apex; rows 3 to 6 effaced at apical third;
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout, interneur
8 well impressed, and foveate at middle; fovea
large, twice as wide as elytral explanation; humeral
margin sharply rounded (almost angulate) at base,
not connected with base of interneur 4; side margins
moderately explanate, minutely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; humeral fovea 4 large, about half the
size of midfovea, humeral foveae 1 to 3 smaller;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Well-impressed, slightly trans-
verse reticulation; more nearly isodiametric on
frons.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 102) (2 examined); fe-
male characteristic of species group (1 examined).
Size; Length, 1.88-2.56 mm; width, 0.80-1.04 mm;
10 specimens measured.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
VARIATION.?In a very large sample from the Rio
Frio in Colombia, the following color variation
occurs: pronotum pale, infuscated at sides, or totally
infuscated; elytron with isolated piceous spot at
base of interval 5, or all of interval 5 piceous. The
color intensity and size of the discal cloud of the
elytra also varies. All combinations of the above
variations occur in this sample. Body proportions
and size are quite constant.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Most specimens were col-
lected along rivers; thus, this species is apparently
riparian. R. T. Allen collected one individual at
light in Costa Rica. Since the beetles are fully
winged, presumably they are good flyers. Specimens
were collected in February, April, May, and August.
A few of those collected in February were teneral.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
from Costa Rica south to the western portions of
the Amazon Basin. Most specimens have been
collected proximal to the Caribbean.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 106).?I have seen 66
specimens from the following localities:
CARIBBEAN: TRINIDAD ISLANDS: Saint George County, Saint
Angustine (MCZ).
CENTRAL AMERICA: COSTA RICA: Palmar Sur (RTA1).
PANAMA: Canal /one (USNM); Los Remedios (BMNH,
MHNP, USNM); Fan Pablo (USNM); Puerto Armuelles
(MCZ).
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Rondonia Territory, Rio Ma-
deira at Porto Velho (USNM). COLOMBIA: Magdalena De-
partment, Aracataca (MCZ), Rio Frio (MCZ, USNM).
VENEZUELA: (HUB).
41. Pericompsus circuliformis (Solier)
FIGURES 95, 101, 107
Bembidium circuliforme Solier, 1849:165. [Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in MHNP. Type-locality: Valdivia, Chile.]
Pericompsus circuliforme (Solier).?Bates 1871:247.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 95): More robust
than P. ephippiatus, especially the broader elytra,
which are also less narrowed apically. The rufous
elytral cloud outlined in piceous plus the shallowly
impressed dorsal microsculpture are diagnostic.
Color: Shiny testaceous, middle of venter and
prosternal process darkly infuscated, elytral cloud
rufous, outlined in piceous, appendages pale except
antennal articles 4 to 10, which are slightly
infuscated.
NUMBER 1?
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately to strongly im-
pressed and evenly arcuate, each extended to pos-
terior margin of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 95): Subcordate, sides moder-
ately sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed; hind
angles acute, nearly right angles, prominent; side
margins not reflexed, disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures contiguous and more or less striate; all
rows entire, though less impressed apically; inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8
well impressed, and foveate just anterior to middle;
fovea moderately large, subequal in diameter to
width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
strongly rounded at base, not quite connected with
base of interneur 4; side margins moderately ex-
planate, minutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and
well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Shallowly impressed, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation over entire dorsal surface,
deeply impressed on frons.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 101) (1 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.36-2.76 mm; width, 1.00-1.12 mm;
6 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The few specimens available for
study show slight variation in the intensity of
piceous pigmentation around the rufous elytral
cloud.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Ross and Michelbacher col-
lected two specimens under beached kelp at Con-
con, Chile, during December. December is the
only month I have seen recorded for this species.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is con-
fined to coastal regions in mid-Chile between 30? S
and 40? S latitude.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 107).?I have seen
seven specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: CHILE: (MCZ, USNM); Nuble Province,
Colliguay (MCZ), 40.0 kilometers east of San Carlos (CAS);
Valparaiso Province, Concon (CAS, USNM).
Note: Solier (1849) recorded these beetles from
Valdivia Province at Valdivia, Coquimbo Province
at Coquimbo and Illapel, and in Santiago Province
at Santiago.
65
42- Pericompsus andinus (Jeraen-Haarup),
new combination
FIGURES 96, 103, 107
Tachys andinus Jensen-Haarup, 1910:554. [Lectotype, here
selected, a female, in ZMC. Four paralectotypes labeled by
me in ZMC. Type-locality: Mendoza Province, Argentina.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 96): Similar to P.
circuliformis, but distinguished from members of
that species by the color pattern of the elytral disc
and the more posterior position of the middle fovea
of interneur 8.
Color: Pale testaceous throughout except for pale
rufous elytral cloud and its infuscated posterior
border, and the pale rufous midventer.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 96): Subcordate, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures contiguous and more or less striate; rows
1 to 5 less impressed apically, row 6 effaced apically;
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout; inter-
neur 8 well impressed, and foveate at middle, fovea
large, subequal in diameter to width of elytral ex-
planation; humeral margin strongly rounded,
almost angulate at base, not connected with base
of interneur 4; side margins minutely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephip-
piatus; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Well-impressed, nearly isodia-
metric reticulation over entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 103) (1 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.52-2.56 mm; width, 1.08 mm; 2
specimens measured.
VARIATION.?I have seen too few good specimens
to assess variation.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 107).?I have seen 25
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Mendoza Province, (ZMC);
Santiago del Estero Pronvice (USNM) .
66
43. Pericompsus nonandinus, new species
FIGURES 97, 107, 112
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male is in MCZ.
Two paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 97): Similar to P.
histrioncllus, but easily distinguished from mem-
bers of that species by the more strongly cordate
pronotum, the more deeply impressed dorsal micro-
sculpture, and the smaller midfovea of interneur 8.
Color: Testaceous, midventer and elytral cloud
rufous; elytral cloud laterally with small piceous
spots.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior
margin of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 97): Strongly subcordate, sides
sinuate and constricted in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and contiguous, more or less
striate; rows 1-4 entire but very shallow apically,
rows 5-6 effaced in apical sixth, interneur 7 effaced
externally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed,
and foveate at middle; fovea moderately large, sub-
equal in diameter to width of elytral explanation;
humeral margin strongly rounded, almost angulate,
at base, feebly connected to base of interneur 4;
side margins moderately explanate, minutely
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiaius; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsctilplure: Strongly impressed isodiametric
reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 112) (2 examined);
female unknown.
Size: Length, 2.04-2.28 mm; width, 0.88-0.92 mm;
3 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample is quite homo-
geneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
ETYMOLOGY.?Latin adjectives, mm, meaning
"not," and, andimts, meaning "near the Andes
Mountains," refer both to the fact that these
beetles are not P. andinus, a closely related species,
and that they do not live near the Andes Mountains.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 107).?I have seen
three specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMKRICA: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Cuiaba
(MCZ) , Corumba (USNM).
44. Pericompsus amygdali, new species
FIGURES 107, 108
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Twelve kilometers south of
Calabozo, Guarico Province, Venezuela.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female and a
paratype are in USNM and were collected by P. J.
and P. M. Spangler in 1969. Another paratype is
listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 108): Similar to P.
tlaloc, but easily distinguished from members of
that species by the smaller and contiguous punc-
tures of the elytral interneurs and by the distinctly
bicolored elytral cloud.
Color: Testaceous, midventer and elytral cloud
rufous; elytral cloud bordered laterally and apico-
medially with piceous spots.
Head: Across eyes much narrower than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows strongly impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 108): Broadly subcordate,
sides moderately sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins nar-
rowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and contiguous, more or less
striate; rows 2-6 effaced in apical sixth, interneur
7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8 well
impressed, and foveate just anterior to middle,
fovea large, slightly larger in diameter than width
of elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded, almost angulate, at base, and feebly con-
nected to base of interneur 4; side margins moder-
ately explanate, moderately serrate-setulose in basal
fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long
and well developed externally.
Micro sculpture: Well-impressed, nearly granu-
late, isodiametric reticulation on entire dorsal
surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown, female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.48-2.68 mm; width, 1.00-1.08 mm;
3 specimens measured.
NUMBER 162 67
108 109
111
FIGURES 108-111. Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 108, P. amygdali female
paratype, Calobozo, Venezuela; 109. P. callicalymma female paratypc, Corumba, Brazil; 110, P.
tetraphalarus female holotype, El Cidral, Bolivia; 111, P. subiticisus female holotype, Santa
Isabel, Brazil.
68
VARIATION.?The specimen from Bolivia has
much darker elytral pigment.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
October and February; none were teneral. The
Spanglers (per. comm.) indicated that those from
Venezuela were collected at black-light trap. The
flight wings are long and, presumably, the beetles
fly.
ETYMOLOGY.?The Greek name, amygdalos, mean-
ing "almond tree," refers to the classical myth
wherein Phyllis, a Thracian princess, changes her-
self into an almond tree. The name of this species
is in honor of one of the collectors of the types,
Phyllis M. Spangler.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 107).?I have seen
three specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BOLIVIA: Tarija Department, Palmer
Grande near Yacuiba (USNM). VENEZUELA: Guarico Prov-
ince, 12.0 kilometers south of Calabozo at Estacion Biologica
de Los Llanos (USNM).
45. Pericompsus callicalymma, new species
FIGURES 109, 114, 118
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Buenos Aires, Argentina.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. Both were collected by R. Thax-
ter in October 1905. Twelve paratypes are listed
below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 109): Similar to P.
tlaloc, but easily distinguished from members of
that species by the finer punctation of the interneurs
and the piceous outline of the elytral cloud.
Color: Ferruginous, venter piceous except rufous
apical abdominal segment; elytral cloud rufous out-
lined in piceous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows deeply impressed, each
evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 109): Broadly subcordate, sides
moderately sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and contiguous, more or less stri-
ate; rows 1-5 less impressed apically though entire,
row 6 effaced at extreme apex; interneur 7 effaced
externally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed,
and foveate just anterior to middle; fovea small,
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
subequal to width of elytral explanation; humeral
margin strongly rounded at base, not connected
with base of interneur 4; side margins moderately
explanate; minutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica well devel-
oped externally.
Microsciilpture: Deeply impressed, almost granu-
late, isodiametric reticulation on entire dorsal
surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 114) (2 examined);
female characteristic of species group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.48-2.92 mm; width, 1.00-1.20 mm;
8 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Except size, I have noted very little
variation in the small sample on hand.
NATURAL HISTORY.?All dated specimens were
collected in October; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek noun, kalymma, meaning
"covering," and Greek adjective, kalos, meaning
"beautiful," refer to the very pretty elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 118).?I have seen 14
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires Province,
Buenos Aires (MCZ, USNM), Punta Lara (USNM), Rosas
(USNM). BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Mato Grosso (MCZ).
46. Pericompsus tetraphalarus, new species
FIGURES 110, 118
TYPE-LOCALITY.?El Cidral, about 100 kilometers
northeast of Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMEN.?The unique holotype female is
in MCZ. It was collected by R. Golbach in 1962.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 110): Similar to P.
histrionelhis, but easily distinguished from mem-
bers of that species by the well-impressed micro-
sculpture, white elytral spots, and the infuscated
tibial base.
Color: Rufotestaceous, venter rufous at middle,
elytral cloud rufous, outlined in part with piceous
and in part with white, appendages testaceous
except piceous base of tibiae.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes very large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 110): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
NUMBER 162 69
113
116 117
FIGURES 112-117.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 112, P. nonandtnus, Cuiaba, Brazil; 113,
P. jucundus, Venezuela; 114, P. calicalymma, Buenos Aires, Argentina (left paramere not shown);
115, P. clitellaris, 47.0 kilometers south of TrujiUo, Peru; 116, P. aeon, Rio Beni, Bolivia; 117,
P. pegasus, Rio Beni, Bolivia.
70 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Fir.LRE 118 Distribution map: P. calicalymma (circles), P.
tetraphalarus (star), P. subincisus (squared circle), P.
eubotharus (square) , P. jucundus (circled star).
base broadly lobed; hind angles acute, prominent;
side margins not reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures contiguous and more or less striate; all
rows entire, well impressed throughout, interneur
8 well impressed, and foveate just anterior to mid-
dle; fovea large, slightly wider than elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded, almost
angulate at base, feebly connected to base of inter-
neur 4; side margins broadly explanate, minutely
setulose (not serrate) in basal fourth; plica long
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly impressed isodiametric
reticulation over entire dorsal surface.
Gcnitalio: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.36 mm; width, 1.00 mm, the type
measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The single known specimen
was collected in January; it was not teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjectives tetra, meaning
"four," and phalaros, meaning "white-spotted,"
refer to the four white spots on the elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 118).?I have only
seen the type from El Cidral, about 100 kilometers
northeast of Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
47. Pericompsus subincisus, new species
FIGURES 111, 118
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Araguala, Santa Isabel,
Mato Grosso, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
CAS. It was collected by B. Malkin in 1957. One
paratype is listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 111): Similar to P.
clitellaris except pronotum narrower at base. Easily
distinguished from members of all species of the
subgroup by the well-engraved punctate-striate
interneurs.
Color: Rufotestaceous; midventer, elytral cloud,
side margin of elytra, palpi, and antennal articles
5-11 piceous or darkly infuscated, legs testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 111): Broadly subcordate,
sides shallowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures very small, contiguous, and striate; all
rows entire, though less impressed apically, inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8
well impressed and foveate at middle; fovea small,
smaller in diameter than width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded at base,
almost angulate, connected to base of interneur 4;
side margins narrowly explanate, minutely serrate-
setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephip-
piatus; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly impressed isodiametric
reticulation on pronotum and frons, slightly more
transversely stretched on elytra.
Gcnitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.52-2.60 mm; width, 0.88-1.04 mm;
2 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The paratype is a much smaller
specimen with a narrower pronotum, but it agrees
in all characteristics with the holotype.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Both specimens were col-
lected in July; neither was teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?The Latin adjective name, subin-
cisus, refers to the similarity between the elytra of
the members of this species and those of P. incisus.
NUMBER 162 71
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 118).?I have seen
only the types from the following locality:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Rio Araguala,
Santa Isabel (CAS) and the paratypc from Goias State, Rio
Araguala, Una do Bananal, which is across the river from
the type-locality.
48. Pericompsus eubothrus, new species
FIGURES 118, 120
TYPE-LOCALITY Rio Araguaia, Santa Isabel,
Mato Grosso, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMEN The unique holotype female is
in CAS. It was collected by B. Malkin in 1957.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 120): Similar to P.
subincisis, except pronotum more constricted be-
hind. Easily distinguished from all members of the
subgroup, except P. subincisis, by the well-engraved
micropunctate, striate interneurs; distinguished
from the similar P. subincisis by the very large
midfovea of interneur 8.
Color: Rufotestaceous, elytral cloud slightly
darker, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior
margin of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 120): Subcordate, sides strongly
sinuate and constricted in basal half; base broadly
lobed; hind angles about right; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 well-impressed micro-
punctate, striate interneurs; punctures small and
contiguous, all rows well impressed to apex, inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8
well impressed and foveate at middle; fovea large,
subequal in diameter to width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded, almost
angulate, at base, feebly connected to base of inter-
neur 4; side margins broadly explanate, moderately
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculplure: Well-impressed, nearly isodia-
metric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.52 mm; width, 0.96 mm; the type
measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The type was collected in
August and it was not teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, eu, meaning
"good," and Greek noun, bothros, meaning "pit,"
refer to the large fovea of interneur 8.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 118).?I have seen
only the type from Rio Araguaia, Santa Isabel,
Mato Grosso, Brazil.
49. Pericompsus jucundus Schaum
FIGURES Hi, 118, 121
Pericompsus jucundus Schaum, 1859:202. [Lectotype, here
selected, a female, in HUB. Type-locality: Venezuela.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 121): Similar to P.
circuliformis, but distinguished from members of
that species and P. andinus by the larger more sepa-
rated punctures of the elytral interneurs and by
ihc very small midfovea of interneur 8.
Color: Pale testaceous throughout except for the
poorly defined pale rufous elytral cloud.
Head: Subequal across eyes to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 121): Subcordate, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and separated longi-
tudinally by about their own diameter, at least in
basal half, closer together in apical half; all rows
less impressed apically; interneur 7 effaced exter-
nally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed, and
foveate at middle; fovea moderately small, slightly
narrower in diameter than elytral explanation;
humeral margin strongly rounded at base, not con-
nected with base of interneur 4; side margins mod-
erately explanate, minutely serrate-setulose in basal
fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Shallowly impressed (almost ef-
faced), nearly isodiametric reticulation on entire
dorsal surface, deeper on frons.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 113) (1 examined);
female characteristic of species group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.52 mm; width, 1.04 mm; 1 speci-
men measured.
72
VARIATION.?I have seen too few specimens to
assess variation.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 118).?I have seen
three specimens, all labeled "Venezuela" (HUB).
50. Pericompsus alcimiis, new species
FIGURES 119, 122, 125
TYPE-LOCALITY.?El Cidral, about 100 kilometers
northeast of Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. Both were collected by R. Gol-
bach in January 1962. Thirty-six para types from
various localities are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 122): Similar to P.
pegasus, but easily distinguished from that species
by the contiguous punctures of the elytral inter-
neurs, by the larger discal cloud, and by the more
deeply impressed elytral microsculpture.
Color: Rufotestaceous; venter piceous, except
paler abdominal segments IV-VI; elytral cloud
rufous, with or without lateral piceous spots on
intervals 6 and 7; appendages testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than pronotum;
frontal furrows well impressed and evenly arcuate,
each extended to posterior margin of eye; eyes large
and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 122): Subcordate, sides strongly
FIGURE 119.?Distribution map of P. alcimus.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed; hind
angles acute, prominent; side margins very nar-
rowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate-striate mter-
neurs; punctures large and coarse anteriorly, smaller
posteriorly, contiguous and more or less stnate;
rows 2-6 effaced in apical sixth, row 1 entire but
finer at apex; interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout; interneur 8 well impressed, and foveate
just anterior to middle; fovea large, subequal in
diameter to width of elytral explanation; humeral
margin strongly rounded, almost angulate, at base,
almost connected to base of interneur 4; side mar-
gins moderately explanate, moderately strongly
serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately impressed, nearly ISO-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 125) (3 examined);
female characteristic of species group (3 examined).
Size: Length, 2.60-3.00 mm; width, 1.08-1.28 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The samples available are quite
homogeneous with the exception of the elytral
cloud. Laterally, in intervals 6 and 7, in some
specimens there is a piceous spot contrasting with
the rufous cloud, while in other specimens of the
same population these spots are absent.
NATURAL HISTORY.?One specimen was collected
at a "trap-light." The flight wings are long; thus,
the beetles probably fly. Specimens were collected
in January and August; the August specimen from
Peru was teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, alkimos, meaning
"stout," refers to the robust form of members of
this species.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species is corre-
lated with the range of steppe and savannah on the
eastern flank of the Andes adjacent to 20? S latitude.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 119).?I have seen 14
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Formosa Province, El Des-
monte (USNM); Salta Province, Desmonte River (USNM),
Salta (USNM); Santiago del Estero Province, Anatuya
(USNM). BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz Department, El Cidral about
100 kilometers northeast of Santa Cruz (MCZ, UASM,
USNM), 60.0 miles north of Santa Cruz at Saevedra Experi-
ment Station (USNM). PARAGUAY: Boqueron Department,
Ballivian (USNM). PERU: Madre de Dios Department,
Avispas (MCZ).
NUMBER 162 73
121 121
122 123
FIGURES 120-123 Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 120, P. eubotharus female
holotype, Santa Isabel, Brazil; 121, P. jucundus female, Venezuela; 122, P. alcimus male paratype,
Anatuya, Argentina; 123, P. clitellaris male, 47.0 kilometers south of Trujillo, Peru.
74 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
124 125
FIGURES 124-125.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 124, P. alcimus, El Desmonte, Argentina;
125, P. alcimus, ?1 Cidral, Bolivia. (Note variation of apex.)
51. Pcricompsus clitellaris (Erichson)
FIGURES 115, 123, 130
Bembidium clitellare Erichson, 1847:73. [Lectotype, here des-
ignated, a female, in HUB. Type-locality: Peru as originally
given by Erichson, but herewith restricted to 47.0 kilometers
south of Frujillo, Peru.]
Pericompsus clitellare (Erichson).?Schaum, 1860:202.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 123): Similar to P.
callicalymma, but easily recognized by the very
broad base of the pronotum and the more separated
punctures of the elytral interneurs.
Color: Dorsal forebody testaceous or rufopiceous,
venter piceous, elytra testaceous with piceous elytral
cloud, appendages testaceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 123): Subcordate-transverse,
sides shallowly sinuate in basal half; base narrowly
lobed; hind angles acute, prominent; side margins
narrowly reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate inter-
neurs; punctures moderately large and separated
longitudinally by about their own diameter; rows
2-6 effaced externally throughout; interneur 8 well
impressed, and foveate just anterior to middle;
fovea small, less in diameter than width of elytral
explanation; humeral margin angulate at base,
not quite connected to base of interneur 4; side
margins moderately serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus, plica long and
well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately shallowly impressed,
nearly isodiametric reticulation on entire dorsal
surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 115) (2 examined);
female characteristic of species group (2 examined).
Size; Length, 2.84-2.96 mm; width, 1.12-1.24 mm;
8 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The sample available is very homo-
NUMBER 162
geneous, except for the color of forebody, which
varies from testaceous to rufopiceous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The samples available were
collected in January and March; one specimen was
teneral in both samples.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 130).?I have seen 12
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ECUADOR: El Oro Province, 9.0 miles
south of Santa Rosa at El Oro (CAS). PERU: (HUB) ; La
Libcrtad Department, 47.0 kilometers south of Trujillo
(CAS, USNM).
52. Pericompsus pegasus, new species
FICURES 117, 126, 130
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Beni, Huachi, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected by W. M.
Mann on the Mulford Biological Expedition of
1921-1922. Eight paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 126): Robust with
very narrow forebody. Easily distinguished from
members of all other Pericompsus by the form and
large coarse elytral punctation.
Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer rufous, elytral
cloud piceous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate to posterior margin of eye; eyes
medium sized and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 126): Subcordate, sides sinuate
in basal half; base slightly lobed at middle; hind
angles acute, slightly prominent; side margins not
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures large and coarse, separated longitudi-
nally by less than their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced in apical third, row 1 entire though less
impressed apically, interneur 7 effaced throughout;
interneur 8 deeply impressed and foveate just an-
terior to middle; fovea small, only slightly larger
in diameter than posterior fovea of humeral series;
humeral margin strongly rounded at base, not con-
nected to base of interneur 4; side margins moder-
ately explanate, coarsely serrate-setulose in basal
fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica long
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 117) (2 examined);
75
female characteristic of ephippiatus group (1
examined).
Size: Length, 2.96-3.12 mm; width, 1.24-1.32 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small samples available are
quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
August and September; none were teneral, al-
though some were not yet fully colored.
ETYMOLOGY.?Green noun, pegasos, the "winged
horse" of the Muses, refers to the large size and the
saddle-like elytral pattern on this winged species
of beetles.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 130).?I have seen
nine specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BOLIVIA: La Paz Department, Rio Beni
at San Miguel de Huachi (MCZ, USNM) ; Department
Unknown, Rio Colorado (USNM), "Sta. Helena" (USNM).
53. Pericompsus micropegasus, new species
FICURES 127, 130
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Cosincho Region, Beni Prov-
ince, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
USNM. It and the one paratype were collected by
G. L. Harrington (no date).
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 127): Similar to P.
pegasus, but easily distinguished from members of
that species by the smooth elytral margin, the flatter
eyes, and broader elytral cloud.
Color: Rufotestaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud rufous, appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior
margin of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 127): Subcordate, sides sinuate
and moderately constricted in basal half; base
broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side mar-
gins narrowly reflexed in basal half; disc moderately
convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures large and coarse, separated longitudinally
by at least their own diameter; rows 2-6 effaced in
apical third, row 1 entire and well impressed
throughout, interneur 7 effaced externally through-
out, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate at mid-
dle; fovea large, slightly wider than width of elytral
76 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
128
128
127
128
FIGURES 126-129.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 126, P. pegasus male holo-
type, Rio Beni, Bolivia; 127, P. micropegasus male paratype, Rio Beni, Bolivia; 128, P. aeon
female paratype, Rio Beni, Bolivia; 129, P. anassa female paratype, Tucuman, Argentina.
NUMBER 162 77
FIGURE 130.?Distribution map: P. clitellaris (squared solid
circle), P. pegasus (circle), P. micropegasus (square), P.
aeon (star), P. anassa (squared open circle).
explanation; humeral margin strongly rounded at
base, not connected to base of interneur 4; side
margins moderately explanate, apparently not setu-
lose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephip-
piatns; plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.40 mm; width, 1.00 mm; 2
specimens measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek nouns, mikros, meaning
"small," and pegasos, meaning "the winged horse"
of the Muses, refer to the smaller, but similar,
form of these beetles to members of P. pegasus.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 130).?I have seen
only the types from Cosincho Region, Beni Prov-
ince, Bolivia.
54. Pericompsus aeon, new species
FIGURES 116, 128, 130
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Beni, San Miguel de
Huachi, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in USNM. Both were collected on the
Mulford Biological Expedition of 1921-1922. Six
paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 128): Similar to P.
ephippiatus, but easily distinguished from mem-
bers of that species by the well-developed dorsal
microsculpture and the contiguous punctures of
the elytral interneurs.
Color: Testaceous, venter rufous at middle,
elytral cloud and sutural intervals piceous, append-
ages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 128): Barely subcordate, sides
shallowly sinuate in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins not reflexed;
disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate-striate inter-
neurs, punctures contiguous and striate; rows 1-6
entire, though less impressed apically, interneur 7
effaced externally throughout interneur 8 well
impressed, and foveate well anterior to middle;
fovea moderately large, subequal to width of elytral
explanation; humeral margin about evenly rounded
at base, not connected to base of interneur 4; side
margins narrowly reflexed, minutely serrate-setulose
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately strongly impressed,
nearly isodiametric reticulation over entire dorsal
surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 116) (1 examined);
female characteristic of species group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 2.68-3.04 mm; width, 1.04-1.24 mm;
8 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is very
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?All specimens seen were col-
lected in September; two of these were subteneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek masculine noun, akon,
meaning "javelin" or "dart," refers to the elongate
and narrow form of members of this species.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 130).?I have seen
only the type-series from Rio Beni, San Miguel de
Huachi, Bolivia (CAS, MCZ, UASM, USNM).
55. Pericompsus anassa, new species
FIGURES 129, 130
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Villarrica, Paraguay.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
78 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
MCZ. It was collected by F. Schade in 1940. Two
female paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 129): Large and
robust, the most spectacular species of the genus.
The tricolored elytra and greatly enlarged pro-
thorax make members of this species easily recog-
nized from all others.
Color: Rufotestaceous, venter rufous at middle,
elytral cloud rufous; each elytron with white scutel-
lar, lateral-subhumeral, and subapicolateral spots
and lateral and apical piceous spots; appendages
pale testaceous except infuscated articles 5-11 of
antennae.
Head: Much narrower across eyes than width of
pronotum; frontal furrows moderately impressed
and evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior
margin of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 129): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and constricted in basal half; base
broadly lobed; hind angles slightly obtuse; side
margins not reflexed; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse in basal half,
shallower apically; rows 2-6 effaced at apical third,
row 1 entire but much shallower apically, inter-
neur 7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8
well impressed, and foveate well before middle
near apical third; fovea moderately large, subequal
to width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
abruptly angulate at base, not connected with base
of interneur 4; side margins moderately coarsely
serrate-setulose in basal third; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Shallowly impressed, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation over entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown, female characteristic
of ephippiatus group (2 examined).
Size: Length, 3.28-3.64 mm; width, 1.28-1.36 mm;
3 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample is quite homo-
geneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
January and March; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek feminine noun, anassa,
meaning "queen," refers to the stately color and
form of these spectacular beetles.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 130).?I have seen
three specimens from the following localities:
SOI IH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Tucuman Province, San
Miguel tie Tucuman (JNeg) . PARAC.I AY: Guaira Depart-
ment. Yillanica (MCZ).
The sellatus group
The members of the sellatus group are charac-
terized by their unique habitus. The margins of
the elytra and pronotum are broadly explanate and
reflexed. The dorsal surface is dull and rough due
to coarsely granulate isodiametric reticulation. The
eyes are densely pubescent.
There is only one species presently representing
this group. It is confined to western Arizona as far
as is known. The "California" records are probably
along the west bank of the Colorado River across
from Yuma.
56. Pericompsus sellatus LeConte
131, 133, 134
Pericompsus sellatus I.eC.onte, 18~>1:1'JI. [Lcctotype, here des-
ignated, a female, MCZ type number r?:">87. Type-locality:
Colorado River as originally given by LeConte, herewith
restricted to Yuma, Arizona.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 131): Elongate and
broad, with broadly explanate sides on the pro-
notum and elytra, and immediately distinguished
from members of all other Pericompsus species on
form.
Color: Testaceous, midventer and elytral cloud
rufous, Iateroapical margin of cloud piceous.
Head: Across eyes wider than width of pro-
notum; depressed; frontal furrows well impressed,
prolonged linearly onto vertex; eyes large and
prominent, densely pubescent.
Pronotum (Figure 131): Subcordate, sides sinuate
and constricted in basal half; base broadly lobed;
hind angles acute, prominent; side margins broadly
reflexed, disc quite flat; anterior pair of setigerous
pores set at medial edge of explanation.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and almost contiguous;
rows 1-6 entire, interneur 7 effaced externally
throughout; interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
just anterior to middle; fovea small, smaller in
diameter than width of elytral explanation; pos-
terior fovea of humeral group large, as large as
midfovea; humeral margin abruptly angulate at
NUMBER 162 79
FIGURES 131-132.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 131, P. sellaius male, Cali-
fornia; 132, P. centroplagiatus male, Villa Montes, Bolivia.
base, not connected to base of interneur 4; side
margins broadly reflexed, minutely setulose-serrate
in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly granulate, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 133) (2 examined);
female as in P. ephippiatus (1 examined).
Size: Length, 3.16-3.72 mm; width, 1.16-1.48 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?Except for size and color intensity
of the elytral cloud, the members of this species
are quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?I have not seen any newly
collected specimens of this species. None of the old
labels indicate habitat. Specimens were collected in
January, March, and August. The two teneral
specimens seen were not date-labeled. Because of
the granulate microsculpture common to other
halophilus carabid beetles and general distribution,
I suspect this species lives near saline water holes
or on alkaline river banks in the deserts of the
southwest.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 134).?I have seen 27
specimens from the following localities:
UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: Maricopa County, Phoenix
(MCZ); Pima County, Tucson (USNM); Yuma County,
Yuma (MCZ), Fort Yuma (MCZ); County unknown, East
Bridge (USNM), Riverside (USNM). CALIFORNIA: (MCZ,
USNM).
The centroplagiatus group
The members of the centroplagiatus group are
characterized by their subpedunculate form and
trisetose third interval of the elytron. As in the
punctipennis group, brasiliensis group, and jep-
peseni group, some members of the centroplagiatus
group have become plurisetose along the elytral
margin and anterolateral margins of pronotum.
There are presently five species representing the
centroplagiatus group, with a combined range ex-
tending from about 26? S latitude in Brazil and
Argentina to about 9? N latitude in Colombia.
80
FIGURE 133.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect, of P. sellatus,
Fort Yuma, Arizona.
33
30
.
\ \
' _
?
A
\ I
I IS 110
??~iJ '
Zj~fr*~~?
105
r
L-
L
1
1
i
1
1 -
T
\
FIGURE 134 Distribution map of P. sellatus.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
57. Pericompsus centroplagiatus (Putzeys)
FICURES 132, 139, 144
Bembidium centroplagiatum Putzeys, 1846:415. [Lectotype,
here designated, a female, in MHNP. Type-locality:
Cumana Venezuela.]
Pericompsus centroplagiatum (Putzeys)?Schaum 1860:202.
Pericompsus simplex Bates. 1871:246. [Lectotype, here desig-
nated, a male, in MHNP. New synonymy. Type-locality:
St. Catharine, Brazil.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 132): Short, robust,
similar to many members of ephippiatus group. The
constriction of the prothorax posteriorly gives the
body a pedunculate appearance.
Color: Shiny testaceous; midventer, elytral cloud,
and subhumeral spots rufous, cloud more rufo-
piceous laterally.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows well impressed and evenly
arcuate, each extended to posterior margin of eye;
eyes medium sized, slightly prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 132): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by at least their own diameter; rows
2-6 effaced at apical third, row 1 entire, interneur
7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8 well
impressed and foveate just posterior to middle;
fovea very large, as wide in diameter as width of
elytral explanation; humeral margin strongly
rounded, almost angulate at base, not connected
to base of interneur 4; side margins strongly ex-
planate, moderately coarsely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4d, 5a, 6a, 7,
8b and Ed-1, 3a, 4, 5b, 7b, 8; plica long and well
developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface ex-
cept scutellum, which has shallowly impressed
isodiametric reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 139) (2 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.32-2.56 mm; width, 1.00-1.12 mm;
6 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The subhumeral spots are connected
to the elytral cloud in two specimens, one from
Argentina and one from Bolivia. The others in the
small sample at hand have these spots isolated.
NUMBER 162 81
13C
131
FIGURES 135-138.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 134, P. picticornis male,
Nova Teutonia, Brazil; 136, P. diabalius female paralype, San Alberto, Colombia; 137, P.
stenocUharus female allotype, Mbovero, Paraguay; 138, P. crossotus female paratype, Rio
Caraguata, Brazil.
82 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Similar variation occurs between individuals of LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 144).?I have seen
P. histrionellus. nine specimens from the following localities:
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
 C Q U T H A M E R I C A . ARCENTINA: Sa, t a Province, Embarcacion
January, February, April, June, and November; (USNM), Tai tagel (USNM). BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz Depart-
none were teneral. mcnt, El Cidral, about 100 kilometers northeast of Santa
142
FIGURES 139-143.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 139, P. centroplagiatus, Embarcacion, Argen-
tina; 140, P. picticornis, Rio Janeiro, Brazil; 141, P. diabalius, Rio Frio, Colombia; 142, P.
stenockharus, Mbovero, Paraguay; 143, P. crossotus, Paraguay.
NUMBER 162 83
FIGURE 144.?Distribution map: P. picticornis (circles), P.
diabalius (stars), P. slenocilharus (square), P. centroplagiatus
(squared circle), P. crossotus (circled star).
Cruz (MCZ), Tiguipa (USNM); Department unknown,
Villa Monies to Boyuibe (USNM). BRAZIL: State unknown,
St. Catharine (MHNP). VENEZUELA: Sucre State, Cumana
(MHNP).
58. Pericompsus picticornis Bates
FICURES 134, 140, 144
Pericompsus picticornis Bates, 1871:245. [Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in MHNP. Three paralectotypes also
labeled by me in MHNP. Type-locality: Rio Janeiro, Brazil.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 134): Similar to P.
centroplagiatus except elytra more attenuated
apically. Easily distinguished from members of that
species by the tricolored antennae.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, midventer and
elytral cloud rufous, antennal articles 4-6 infus-
cated, articles 7-11 pale testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal in width to pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes moderately large and prominent.
Pronotwn (Figure 134): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed, disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate-striate in-
terneurs; punctures small and contiguous and more
or less striate; rows 2-6 effaced in apical third, row
1 entire, though less impressed apically, interneur
7 effaced externally throughout, interneur 8 well
impressed and foveate at middle; fovea large, sub-
equal in diameter to width of elytral explanation;
humeral margins abruptly angulate at base, not
connected to base of interneur 4; side margins
strongly explanate, minutely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. centroplagiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface ex-
cept scutellum, which has shallowly impressed
isodiametric reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 140) (3 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.16-2.52 mm; width, 0.96-1.04 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The large series from Nova Teu-
tonia displays considerable variation in elytral
form, from rather robust to narrowly attenuated
apically. The larger specimens are more robust,
the smaller ones more attenuated, although every
degree is present in the sample at hand.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected
March, April, September, and November. One
April specimen was teneral.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 144).?I have seen
95 specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro State, Rio
Janeiro (BMNH, MNHP, USNM); Santa Catarina State,
Nova Teutonia (CAS, JNeg, MCZ, UASM, USNM).
59. Pericompsus diabalius, new species
FIGURES 136, 141, 144
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Frio, Magdelena, Colom-
bia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. They were collected by P. J.
Darlington, Jr., in 1928. Five paratypes are listed
below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 136): Similar to the
apically attenuated forms of P. picticornis, but
easily distinguished from all species of the group
by the lack of laterobasal setigerous pores on the
pronotum and by the very large posterior elytral
fovea of the humeral group.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, midventer and
elytral cloud rufous as well as anterior portion of
84
elytral interval 5; antennal articles 7-11 white,
rest of antennae and appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes moderately large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 136): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed, bead almost effaced basally;
disc strongly convex; laterobasal setigerous pore
absent.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by twice their own diameter or
more; rows 2-6 effaced at apical third, row 1 entire,
though shallower apically, interneur 7 effaced ex-
ternally throughout, interneur 8 well impressed
and foveate at middle; fovea large, wider in diam-
eter than width of elytral explanation, posterior
fovea of humeral group nearly as large; humeral
margin abruptly angulate at base, not connected
to base of interneur 4; side margins strongly ex-
planate, moderately serrate-setulose in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy as in P. centroplagiatus; plica long and
well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface ex-
cept scutellum, which has isodiametric reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 141) (2 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.28-2.56 mm; width, 1.00-1.12 mm;
7 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
February, April, and November; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjectives, di, meaning
"two," and balios, meaning "spotted," referring to
the two pale spots near the apex of the elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 144).?I have seen
seven specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: COLOMBIA: Magdalena Department, Rio
Frio (MCZ, USNM), Rio Cesar at San Albcte Indupalva
(JNeg).
60. Pericompsus stenocitharus, new species
FIGURES 137, 142, 144
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Arroyo Guazu, Mbovero, Para-
guay.
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype male and allo-
type are in MCZ. Three paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 137): Similar to P.
centroplagiatus, except pronotum more constricted
basally. Easily distinguished from all members of
the group by the small contiguous punctures of the
elytral interneurs, and the strongly microsculptured
elytra.
Color: Rufotestaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud rufous; antennal articles 7-11 almost white,
rest of antennae and appendages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes moderately large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 137): Strongly subcordate,
narrow, sides strongly sinuate and constricted in
basal half; base broadly lobed; hind angles acute,
prominent; side margins not reflexed; disc strongly
convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures small and contiguous and more or less
striate; rows 2-6 effaced in apical third, row 1
entire, though less impressed apically, interneur 7
effaced externally throughout; interneur 8 well
impressed and foveate at middle; fovea large, sub-
equal in width to width of elytral explanation;
humeral margin strongly rounded at base, not con-
nected to base of interneur 4; side margins strongly
explanate, moderately coarsely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. centroplagiatus;
plica long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately impressed, nearly
isodiametric reticulation on elytra and anterior
margin of pronotum; nearly effaced from frons and
pronotal disc.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 142) (2 examined);
female characteristic of group (1 examined).
Size: Length, 2.24-2.48 mm; width, 1.00-1.04 mm;
4 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
May; one was teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, stenos, meaning
"narrow," and noun kitharos, meaning "thorax,"
refer to the basally constricted prothorax.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 144).?I have seen
only the type-series from Arroyo Guazu, Mbovero,
Paraguay (MCZ, USNM).
NUMBER 162
61. Pericompsus crossotus, new species
FIGURES 138, 143, 144
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Caraguata, Mato Grosso,
Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
MCZ. It was collected by F. Plaumann in 1953.
Three paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 138): Similar to P.
centroplagiatus, but easily distinguished from mem-
bers of that species and all others of the group by
the three lateral pairs of setigerous pores on the
pronotum, as well as the fringe of long setae of
the elytral margin.
Color: Shiny testaceous, midventer and elytral
cloud rufous, cloud outlined in piceous; appendages
pale testaceous.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; frontal furrows well impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes moderately large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 143): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles acute, slightly
prominent; side margins not reflexed; disc moder-
ately convex; three lateral pairs of setigerous pores
present.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse, separated
longitudinally by their own diameter or more; rows
2-6 effaced in apical fourth, row 1 entire, though
less impressed apically, interneur 7 effaced exter-
nally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed and
foveate at middle; fovea large, wider in diameter
than width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
strongly rounded at base, not connected to base
of interneur 4; side margins strongly explanate,
minutely serrate in basal fourth, strongly setose to
apical third, setae longer than width of elytra;
chaetotaxy as in P. centroplagiatus; plica long and
well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from dorsal surface ex-
cept scutellum, which has isodiametric reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 143) . (1 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.40-2.56 mm; width, 1.04-1.08 mm;
4 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
85
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
March; none were teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, krossotos, mean-
ing "fringe," refers to the setose fringe on the
elytral margin.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 144).?I have seen
four specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Rio Cara-
guata (MCZ, USNM). PARAGUAY: (MCZ).
The hirsutus group
The members of the hirsutus group are charac-
terized by the presence on the elytra of numerous
long setae arranged in rows along the intervals.
As in members of the preceding group, some mem-
bers of the hirsutus group have acquired accessory
setae along the elytral margin, pronotal margin,
and in this group on the top of the head. Two
species of this group have members with three
supraorbital setae per eye, a rare condition in
carabid beetles. Only one other group of tachyines
is known to have three supraorbital setae and that
is a special Neotropical group of Polyderis.
The hirsutus group is presently represented by
three species with a combined range extending
from about 23? S latitude in Brazil to about 3? S
latitude, also in Brazil.
62. Pericompsus hirsutus Schaum
FIGURES 145, 148, 150
Pericompsus hirsutus Schaum, 1863:88. [Lectotype, here se-
lected, a male, in HUB. Type-locality: "Rio Janeiro,"
Brazil.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 145): Short; fore-
body narrow, narrower than elytra, subpeduncu-
late; elytra slightly inflated, with broad marginal
explanations, highly convex.
Color: Rufotestaceous, shiny; midventer and
elytral cloud rufous; tibial bases, margins of elytral
cloud, and elytral apices infuscated; appendages
testaceous, except almost white articles 7-11 of
antennae.
Head: Across eyes slightly narrower than width
of pronotum; two supraorbital setae per eye; frontal
furrows moderately impressed and evenly arcuate,
each extended to posterior margin of eye; eyes large
and prominent.
86 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURES 145-147?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 145, P. hirsutus female,
Fortaleza, Brazil; 146, P. polyihaetus female holotype, Rio Beni, Bolivia; 147, P. grossepunctatus
female, Rio Janeiro, Brazil.
NUMBER 162 87
Pronotnm (Figure 145): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles acute, prominent;
side margins not reflexed, each with three setigerous
pores; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse and sepa-
rated longitudinally by twice their own diameter
or more; all rows effaced at apical third; intervals
plurisetose; interneur 7 effaced externally through-
out; interneur 8 well impressed and foveate at
middle; fovea very large, twice as large in diameter
as width of the elytral explanation; humeral margin
strongly rounded at base, not connected to base of
interneur 4; side margins setose from base to apex,
setae twice or more as long as width of elytral
explanation, side margin serrate in basal fourth;
chaetotaxy Eo-la, 2a, 3a, 4d, 5a, 6a, 7, 8b, and
Ed-1, disc plurisetose, 7b, 8; plica short and well
delevoped externally.
Microsculpture: Mostly effaced except at extreme
elytral base, where it is isodiametric reticulation.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 148) (1 examined);
female as in ephippiatus group (12 examined).
Size: Length, 2.12-2.68 mm; width, 0.92-1.08 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The shape and colors of the elytral
cloud are somewhat variable. In some specimens,
148
FIGURES 118-149.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 148, P. hirsutus, Fortalcza, Brazil; 149,
P. grossepunctatus, Rio Janeiro, Brazil.
88
the base of elytral interval 5 is piceous from the
elytral cloud to nearly the base of the elytron. In
others, this interval has an isolated spot near the
humerus; yet in others the interval is testaceous
anterior to the cloud. The same color patterns are
found in P. elegantulus (see above). The variation
described above occurs in one population sample.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
March, April, and October; none were teneral. One
specimen is labeled "at light"; the specimens are
fully winged and, presumably, fly.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 150).?I have seen
156 specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Ceara State, Fortaleza (CAS,
BMNH, MCZ, MHNP, UASM, USNM); Mato Grosso State,
"Jacare P. N. Xingu" (USNM), Rio Caraguata (MCZ,
USNM); Rio de Janeiro State, Rio Janeiro (HUB). PERU:
Loreto Department, Yurac, 67.0 miles east of Tingo Maria
(CAS).
63. Pericompsus polychaetus, new species
FIGURES 146, 151
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Beni, Huachi, Bolivia.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The unique holotype female
is in USNM. It was collected by the Mulford Bio-
logical Expedition of 1921-1922.
FIGURES 150-151.?Distribution maps: 150, P. hirsutus; 151,
P. grossepunctatus (circle), P. polychaetus (star).
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 146): Similar to P.
hirsutus, but easily distinguished from all members
of the subgenus by the presence of five pairs of
lateral setigerous pores on the pronotum.
Color: Shiny rufotestaceous, midventer and
elytral cloud rufous, appendages except white an-
tennal articles 7-11 testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; three supraorbital setae per eye; frontal
furrows short, deep, almost foveate; eyes large and
prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 146): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and strongly constricted in basal half;
base broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side
margins not reflexed, bead almost effaced, each
side with five setigerous pores; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures very large and coarse, separated longi-
tudinally by at least their own diameter; rows 2-6
effaced at apical third, row 1 striate in apical third,
interneur 7 effaced externally throughout, intervals
plurisetose, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
at middle; fovea large, slightly larger in diameter
than width of elytral explanation; humeral margin
strongly angulate at base, not connected to base of
interneur 4; side margins setose from base to apex,
setae twice or more as long as width of elytral
explanation, side margin not serrate in basal
fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. hirsutus; plica short
and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from entire dorsal
surface.
Genitalia: Male unknown; female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.72 mm; width, 1.12 mm; the type
measured.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The single specimen was
collected in August.
ETYMOLOGY.?Greek adjective, polys, meaning
"many," and noun chaite, meaning "hairs," refer
to the accessory setae of the pronotum, head, and
elytra.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 151).?I have seen
only the type, from Rio Beni, Huachi, Bolivia.
64. Pericompsus grossepunctatus Bates
FIGURES 147, 149, 151
Pericompsus grossepunctatus Bates, 1871:245. [Lectotype, here
selected, a male, in MHNP. Type-locality: "Rio Janeiro,"
Brazil.]
NUMBER 162 89
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 147): Of forebody
similar to P. hirsutus, but elytra much more inflated
and elytral explanation much narrower. Easily dis-
tinguished from members of that species by the
presence of three supraorbital setigerous pores per
eye, from members of the following species by the
concolorous antennae.
Color: Shiny rufous, apex of elytron and append-
ages testaceous.
Head: Across eyes subequal to width of pro-
notum; three supraorbital setae per eye; frontal
furrows moderately deep, linear, extended to mid-
frons; frons depressed; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 147): Strongly subcordate,
sides sinuate and constricted in basal half; base
broadly lobed; hind angles about right; side mar-
gins not reflexed; bead almost effaced, each side
with four setigerous pores; disc strongly convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate interneurs;
punctures moderately large and coarse; and sepa-
rated longitudinally by twice their own diameter
or more; rows 2-6 effaced at apical third, row 1
entire and striate in apical third, interneur 7 effaced
externally throughout; interneur 8 well impressed
and foveate just before middle; fovea large, slightly
larger in diameter than width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded at base,
not connected to base of interneur 4; side margins
setose from base to apex, setae slightly longer than
width of elytral explanation, side margin not ser-
rate; chaetotaxy as in P. hirsutus; plica long and
well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Effaced from entire dorsal sur-
face.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 149) (1 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.76-2.88 mm; width, 1.12-1.24 mm;
4 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The small sample available is quite
homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Unknown.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 151).?I have seen
six specimens, all from the type-locality, "Rio
Janeiro," Brazil (BMNH, MHNP).
The incisus group
The members of the incisus group are character-
ized by the bicarinate elytral intervals and angulate
humeral angle. Each interval, laterally and medi-
ally, is carinate to a varying degree in different
species; thus the adjacent punctate interneur is
located in a trough.
There are four species presently representing this
group, with a combined range extending from 28?
S latitude in Argentina to about 10? N latitude in
Venezuela.
65. Pericompsus incisus Bates
FICURES 152, 156, 159
Pericompsus incisus Bates, 1871:246. [Lectotype, here selected,
a female, in MHNP. Two paralectotypes labeled by me in
MNHP. Type-locality: Santarem, Brazil.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 152): Broad and
subdepressed; head narrower than the broadly
transverse pronotum; humerous strongly angulate.
Color: Testaceous, midventer piceous, elytral
cloud infuscated.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 152): Transverse, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base narrowly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins very narrowly
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 6 punctate-striate in-
terneurs; punctures contiguous and striate; each
interval concave, more deeply so laterally, thus
interneur subcostate to apical sixth; interneur 7
a sharp carina extended to apical third, interval 7
concave, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
at middle; fovea small, subequal to posterior fovea
in humeral group; humeral margin strongly angu-
late at base, connected to carinate base of interneur
4; side margins narrowly explanate, moderately
coarsely serrate-setulose in basal fourth, chaetotaxy
as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly impressed nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface,
almost granulate on pronotum.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 156) (1 examined);
female not dissected.
Size: Length, 2.20-2.56 mm; width, 0.84-1.04 mm;
7 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The specimens from Mato Grosso
have the venter of the prothorax piceous and the
90 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
153
155
FIGURES 152-155.?Dorsal outline with setae of Pericompsus species: 152, P. incisus male, Rio
Curna, Brazil; 153, P. concinnus female, Fortaleza, Brazil; 154, P. rorschachinus female holotype,
Avipas, Peru; 155, P. carinatus female holotypc, Santa Isabel, Brazil.
NUMBER 162 91
151 157 151
FIGURES 156-158.?Male genitalia, left lateral aspect: 156, P. incisus, Rio Curua, Brazil; 157, P.
concinnus, Fortaleza, Brazil; 158, P. rorschachinus, Rio Beni, Bolivia.
specimens from Curua River have it testaceous.
Other than this the samples are quite homogeneous.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
May and July; two of the May specimens were
slightly teneral.
DISTRIBUTION (Figure 159).?I have seen 10
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso State, Rio Araguala
at Santa Isabel (CAS, USNM); Para State, Rio Curua, east
of Santarem (MCZ), Santarem (MHNP).
66. Pericompsus concinnus (Laferte), new
combination
FIGURES 153, 157, 160
Tachys concinnus Laferte, 1841:47. [Lectotype, here desig-
nated, a male, in MHNP. Type-locality: Colombia, as origi-
nally given by Laferte, herewith restricted to eastern
Colombia along the Orinoco River, on the basis of the
label on the type, "Orenogue."]
Tachys sulcatus Putzeys, 1846:411. [Lectotype, here designated,
a male, in IRSN. Two paralectotypes also labeled by me
in IRSN. New synonymy. Type-locality: Cumana, Sucre
State, Venezuela.]
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 153): Narrower
than P. incisus, but easily distinguished from .other
members of the group by the rugose pronotum.
Color: Testaceous, midventer and elytral cloud
rufopiceous, elytral cloud margined lateroapically
with piceous spots.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent; frons rugose.
Pronotum (Figure 153): Broadly subcordate,
sides moderately sinuate in basal half; base nar-
rowly lobed; hind angles acute, prominent; side
margins moderately reflexed; disc moderately
convex, rugose.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate-striate in-
terneurs; punctures small, contiguous, and striate;
each interval concave, more deeply so laterally, thus
interneurs subcostate to apical sixth, convex in
apical sixth, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
just anterior to middle; fovea small, slightly smaller
in diameter than width of elytral explanation;
humeral margin strongly rounded at base, feebly
92 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
FIGURES 159-160.?Distribution maps: 159, P. incisus (circles),
P. rorschachinus (stars), P. carinatus (square); 160, P. con-
cinnus.cinnus.
connected to base of interneur 4; side margins
moderately explanate, minutely serrate-setulose in
basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in P. ephippiatus; plica
long and well developed externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly impressed, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface,
granulate on head and pronotum.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 157) (3 examined);
female characteristic of ephippiatus group (2
examined).
Size: Length 2.52-2.84 mm; width, 1.04-1.20 mm;
10 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The punctation of interneur 7 varies
in number and contiguousness. This variation
occurs between specimens and even between elytra
on the same individual. The presence of interneur
7 in Pericompsus is so rare that a study of its vari-
ability in large series should shed light on its loss
in most members of the genus.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
March, April, August, and November. The March,
April, August, and November specimens were
teneral.
DISTRIBUTION.?The range of this species extends
throughout most of South America from 10? N to
nearly 30? S latitude, although it is uncommon in
collections.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 160).?I have seen 17
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: ARGENTINA: Santiago del Estero Province,
Anatuga (USNM). BOLIVIA: La Paz Department, Rio Bcni
at San Miguel de Huachi (USNM). BRAZIL: Ccara State,
Fortaleza (MCZ, USNM); Mato Grosso State, Corumba
(MCZ), Rio Araguaia at Santa Isabel (CAS), Rio Caraguata
(MCZ, USNM); Rio de Janeiro State, Rio Janeiro (BMNH).
COLOMBIA: Huila Department, Villavicja (CAS). VENE-
ZUELA: Sucre State, Cumana (IRSN).
67. Pericompsus rorschachinus, new species
FIGURES 154, 158, 159
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Avispas, Madre de Dios Depart-
ment, Peru.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female is in
MCZ. It was collected by L. E. Pena in 1962. Three
paratypes are listed below.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 154): Similar to P.
incisus, but with more elongate and apically at-
tenuated elytra. Easily distinguished from the
preceding two species by the shape of the elytral
cloud.
Color: Testaceous, midventer and elytral cloud
piceous.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 154): Transverse, sides shal-
lowly sinuate in basal half; base narrowly lobed;
hind angles about right; side margins narrowly
reflexed; disc moderately convex.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate-striate in-
terneurs; punctures contiguous and striate; each
interval concave to apex, more so laterally, thus
interneurs subcostate, interneur 8 well impressed
and foveate well anterior to middle; fovea small,
NUMBER 162 93
subequal in diameter to width of elytral explana-
tion; humeral margin strongly rounded at base,
almost angulate, feebly connected to base of inter-
neur 4; side margins moderately explanate, mi-
nutely serrate-setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy
as in P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Strongly impressed, nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface.
Genitalia: Male (Figure 158) (1 examined);
female characteristic of ephippiatus group (1
examined).
Size: Length, 2.78-3.00 mm; width, 1.04-1.20 mm;
4 specimens measured.
VARIATION.?The specimen from Rio Beni has
shorter, less attenuated elytra than the others, but
agrees in all other respects.
NATURAL HISTORY.?Specimens were collected in
March, September, and November; the March
specimen was teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?The adjective name, rorschachinus,
refers to the psychologists' Rorschach or "inkblot"
test. The elytral pattern on these beetles resembles
an inkblot.
DISTRIBUTION (Figure 159).?I have seen four
specimens from the following localities:
SOUTH AMERICA: BOLIVIA: La Paz Department, Rio Beni
at San Miguel dc Huachi (USNM). PERU: Madre de Dios
Department, Avispas (MCZ, USNM). VENEZUELA: Monagas
State, "Lower Orinoco at Barrancas" (USNM).
Note: The label data with "Lower Orinoco . . ."
also has "Brazil"; however, the locality is in Vene-
zuela.
68. Pericompsus carinatus, new species
FIGURES 155, 159
TYPE-LOCALITY.?Rio Araguaia at Santa Isabel,
Mato Grosso, Brazil.
TYPE-SPECIMENS.?The holotype female and one
paratype (teneral male) are in CAS. Both were
collected by B. Malkin in 1957.
DESCRIPTION.?Form (Figure 155): Similar to P.
rorschachinus, but easily distinguished from all
members of the incisus group by the multicarinate
elytra and acutely angulate humeral base.
Color: Testaceous, elytral cloud slightly infus-
cated.
Head: Narrower across eyes than width of pro-
notum; frontal furrows moderately impressed and
evenly arcuate, each extended to posterior margin
of eye; eyes large and prominent.
Pronotum (Figure 155): Large and nearly quad-
rate, sides shallowly sinuate in basal half; base
narrowly lobed; hind angles about right; side mar-
gins narrowly reflexed; disc moderately convex and
rugose.
Elytra: Each elytron with 7 punctate-striate in-
terneurs; punctures contiguous and striate; each
interval deeply concave, thus interneurs carinate
to apex, interneur 8 well impressed and foveate
well anterior to middle; fovea small, smaller in
diameter than width of elytral explanation; hu-
meral margin acutely angulate at base, concave
anteriorly and connected to carinate base of inter-
neur 4; side margins moderately explanate, mi-
nutely setulose in basal fourth; chaetotaxy as in
P. ephippiatus; plica long and well developed
externally.
Microsculpture: Moderately impressed nearly iso-
diametric reticulation on entire dorsal surface,
granulate on head and pronotum.
Genitalia: Not studied.
Size: Length, 2.76-2.96 mm; width, 0.96-1.20 mm;
2 types measured.
VARIATION.?The sample is too small to mean-
ingfully assess variation.
NATURAL HISTORY.?The types were collected in
July, one was very teneral and the other was sub-
teneral.
ETYMOLOGY.?Latin adjective, carina, meaning
"keeled" or "ridged," refers to the appearance of
the elytra of these beetles.
LOCALITY RECORDS (Figure 159).?I have seen
only the two types from Rio Araguaia at Santa
Isabel, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Natural History
The species of Pericompsus are riparian inhabi-
tants, or are at least hygrophilus. All available rec-
ords indicate proximity to streams, rivers, or (in
Australia) wet places away from the actual river
edge. The few records of substrate preference are
sterile gravel bars, wet sandy clay, "swampy
ground," and sandbanks. From these data and some
morphological similarities (elytral structure) I
think it is probable that this group of Tachyina
94 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
is one of the tropical ecological replacement groups
of Nearctic riparian Bembidion. The other domi-
nant tropical riparian group is commonly referred
to as Genus Tachyura in North America. This
group is very common in the Oriental Region and
probably replaces Bembidion there. Although some-
what overlapping, the general ranges of Peri-
compsus species and Tachyura species are separated
at their center. Beyond these centers to the north
and to the south, in the more temperate areas of
the world, Bembidion has its amphitropical centers.
Aside from observations on the very common adults
in the riparian situation, little is now known about
the life history or ecological ranges of these riparian
species.
There are many records of Pericompsus species
collected at lights, especially "black-light," and at
light traps. With the exception of two Australian
species whose members are wing-dimorphic (P.
punctipennis) or wing-short (P. olliffi), all Peri-
compsus members are fully winged. Therefore, it
is quite probable that these beetles are highly
vagile. This probability is supported further by the
large ranges of many species and by the fact that
numerous island species are presently extant. In
certain instances, specimens of species common
only to one island have been collected at the proxi-
mate margin of the nearest adjacent island, indi-
cating transport across water gaps. The occurrence
of P. immaculatus near or on the beaches of Vera
Cruz and Costa Rica and on the western flank of
Cuba indicates recent crossings of large water gaps.
Methods of transport across these gaps by Peri-
compsus species could be via air or rafting. These
small beetles' powers of flight would certainly take
them high enough to be caught up in seaward wind
currents. And since P. immaculatus lives on sea
beaches they must be somewhat salt tolerant, thus
capable of rafting.
I have seen several teneral adult beetles in the
material studied. These teneral adults, when prop-
erly labeled by collectors, are good indicators as to
when immature stages might be found and studied.
However, since most Pericompsus species are repre-
sented by such scanty material, only tentative gen-
eralizations can be made at this time. It appears
that the adult beetles are present in the fauna
throughout the year. In the more temperate areas
of the range of Pericompsus, teneral adults were
found only during the spring and summer months
(Australia?October, November, and January;
United States?May through October). However,
the pattern for the Neotropical Region where the
majority of species exist is very complex, and I
believe that it is due to available moisture in dif-
ferent geographical areas. The evidence for this
and a detailed analysis will be presented in another
part when all Tachyina can be discussed together.
Evolutionary and Zoogeographic Considerations
The members of Pericompsus comprise a group
of generally derived Tachyina. These beetles share
several apomorphic character states including the
following: oblique tibial apex on the anterior
tibiae, bifoveate mentum, reduced number of
elytral interneurs (except one derived and two primi-
tive species), well-defined elytral pattern (most
species), peculiar ligule of the male genitalia, and
foveate interneur 8 (most species). Some of the
generally primitive (plesiomorphic) character states
Fici'RE 161?Hypothetical phylogeny for the subgenera of
Pericompsus, based on the character states outlined in Table
I. Solid circles represent apomorphic states; open circles
represent plesiomorphic states; stippled circle represents an
intermediate stage of a transformation series (morphocline).
NUMBER 162 95
TABLE 1.?Plesiomorphic and apomorphic condi-
tions of some character states in Pericompsus species
Character
Head
ocular bulge
Pronotum
basal transverse
impression
Prostcrnum
median portion
Elytron
interneur 8
interneur 8
Eo4
disc
Abdomen
female sternum V ...
Gcnitalia
male aedeagus
Form
general body
Character state
Plesiomorphic
glabrous
punctate
setiferous
serial punctures
nonfoveate
position d
non patterned
pubescent
Type I, e.g.,
figure 12
depressed
Apomorphic
setiferous
carinate
glabrous
absent
foveate near
middle
position e
maculate
glabrous
Type II, e.g.,
figure 30
subcylindrical
retained by some or all members of Pericompsus
are the following: male with probasitarsus of an-
terior tarsi dilated and subspiniform and with
modified setae beneath; female with four long setae
arranged in a transverse row across sternum VI;
some abdominal sterna with accessory setae (mem-
bers of Upocompsus and Ediocompsus only); recur-
rent groove of elytra simple; presence of only
isodiametric (or nearly so) reticulation. With these
character states in mind, Figure 161 shows what
I think happened to the ancestoral Pericompsus
lineage. I reflect the changes in the ancestoral line-
age in a subgeneric and species group classification
as outlined in the checklist.
There are three major lines of evolution occur-
ring in the external and genitalic forms of extant
Pericompsus species.
The Australian Upocompsus group are the most
primitive (Figure 3) of the Pericompsus. They are
mostly riparian or at least subhygrophilus and they
are the only Pericompsus group in which wing
reduction occurs (2 species). Species are distributed
in both the south temperate and tropical climes of
Australia, from northern Queensland to Tasmania.
The Upocompsus species undoubtedly have been
isolated from the New World groups for some
time. Whether the disjunction occurred in the
northern part of the world or in the southern part
of the world is not known at this time. When all
Tachyina species have been studied, perhaps some
hypotheses may be offered.
The Neotropical Eidocompsus group (Figure 25)
are the least specialized (in regard to studied char-
acter states) of the two New World groups. For the
most part this small group exhibits intermediate
character states between Australian Upocompsus
and New World Pericompsus sensu stricto. Edio-
compsus species are riparian or sea beach inhabi-
tants and some are highly vagile. Even so, these
beetles are confined to tropical regions in the New
World.
The New World Pericompsus (sensu stricto)
group are the most specialized (Figure 1) species of
the genus. There are more species in this group than
the other two groups and some of the species are
quite variable. This variability indicates to me that
active change or evolution is occurring in the group
and that the group is still actively speciating rather
than declining. Pericompsus (sensu stricto) species
are riparian or subhygrophilus and highly vagile.
They are distributed in North Temperate, Neo-
tropical, and South Temperate climes at elevations
from sea level to 2300 meters. They are a domi-
nant member of the lowland tropical riparian
community.
All of the above subgeneric groups consist of one
or more species groups. These groups are character-
ized in the taxonomic section. Their relationships
will be further discussed in another part where all
Tachyina groups can be compared.
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