SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY • NUMBER 12

An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register

Stanwyn G. Shetler

with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

ABSTRACT

Shetler, Stanwyn G., with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators. An Introduc tion to the Botanical Type Specimen Register. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 12, 186 pages, 3 figures, frontispiece, 1973.—In the first part, the development of a computer-based system for storing and retrieving information about botanical type specimens is described from its pilot stage to its present operational stage. The concept, purpose, and scope are explained, and the operational procedures are outlined. Ways of using and contributing to this computerized register of types, both in the short-run and in the long-run, are proposed. A statistical summary of the content of the Type Register as of 30 September 1972 is given. Over 13,000 specimens representing more than 10,000 taxa have been registered. The second part consists of a Catalog of more than’ 1,000 specimens representing over 600 taxa of the genus Carex (Cyperaceae), which are deposited in ten major American herbaria, and the Catalog is cross-indexed five different ways: by author, publication date, collector, country, and herbarium. An introduction summarizes the preparation and editing of the Catalog. This Carex Catalog represents the first published installment of the Type Register and as such is intended to serve as an example.

COLLABORATORS

Listed here by institution are the persons who have collaborated in the compiling of data from their respective herbaria for the Carex Catalog:

California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118; Stanford University (Dudley Herbarium), Stanford, California 94305; University of California (Herbarium), Berkeley, California 94720

Dr. John H. Thomas, Associate Professor of Biological Sciences and Curator of Dudley Herbarium (Stanford), Curator of Botany (Academy), and compiler of data at Berkeley; assisted by Dr. Margaret Sharp

Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Road at Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605

Dr. William C. Burger, Associate Curator of Vascular Plants; assisted by Mr. Ronald L. Liesner

Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Dr. Richard A. Howard, Director, Arnold Arboretum; Dr. Reed C. Rollins, Asa Gray Professor of Systematic Botany and Director of the Gray Herbarium

Missouri Botanical Garden, 2315 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

Dr. Walter H. Lewis, Senior Botanist, Professor of Biology (Washington University); assisted by Dr. Raymond F. Altevogt

New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York 10458

Dr. Howard S. Irwin, Director; Dr. Patricia Kern Holmgren, Associate Curator and Herbarium Administrator; Dr. Noel H. Holmgren, Associate Curator

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560

Dr. Mason E. Hale, Curator of Cryptogams; Dr. Dan H. Nicolson, Associate Curator of Phanerogams

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 4783. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold and Zuccarini.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Shetler, Stanwyn G.

An introduction to the botanical type specimen register.

(Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.)

Bibliography: p.

1. Information storage and retrieval systems—Botany—Type specimens. 2. Carex. I. Title. II. Title: Botanical type specimen register. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.

QK1.S2747 no. 12 [Z699.5.B6] 581’.08s[579] 72-11706

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $2.85 domestic postpaid or $2.50 GPO Bookstore

Foreword

It always has been the policy of the United States National Herbarium to make its collections as easily available as possible. We have welcomed visitors and loaned specimens on request since the founding of our herbarium. Now, in an effort to make our collections even more accessible, we have undertaken a new project to compile a computerized catalog of our type collection of approximately 65,000 specimens. Eventually, we hope to broaden this catalog, which we are calling the “Botanical Type Specimen Register,” to include the type collections of many other institutions so that it will serve as a union listing of types. Already we have enlisted the cooperation of other institutions, and the computer file presently includes records from more than a score of herbaria.

The United States National Herbarium, a worldwide collection of plants now totaling some 3 million specimens, is administered by the Smithsonian Institution’s Department of Botany, a unit of the National Museum of Natural History. The Department of Botany has played a pioneering role in the development of the Museum’s active program in data processing. The Type Register is the Museum’s first operational effort in cooperative, multi-institutional (network) data banking and, as such, is of special interest. If this approach to common data banking proves successful, it will point the way for many cooperative efforts in other branches of natural history.

Although the Type Register is still very much in its infancy, we are zealous to demonstrate its potential to the botanical community with a tangible product so that we can receive advice and counsel from the community on the basis of concrete results while the data bank is still small and susceptible to modification. This publication should prove useful in itself as a catalog of type specimens of Carex, particularly to specialists on the family Cyperaceae. The larger purpose, however, in issuing a preliminary catalog of limited scope at this time is to demonstrate the concept of the Type Register in concrete terms and thereby to solicit the collaboration of all plant systematists in molding the Register into an effective, scholarly tool for future generations of the profession.

The computer file presently registers over 13,500 type specimens, representing some 10,500 vascular plant taxa. Thus the Carex Catalog, with its 1,000 specimens and 600 taxa, is a printout of less than 10 percent of the current, rapidly growing file. Less formal and less expensive means of putting out the information will be tried with future installments, and it may become desirable or necessary at some point to begin publishing in microform. Perhaps the most common and economical mode of disseminating the accumulated information will be to provide computer printouts to individual users in response to queries for up-to-the-minute reports on specific taxonomic groups. Once the data bank is well established query service can be provided to any user for a modest fee.

We welcome your reaction to the concept of the Botanical Type Specimen Register on the basis of this sample. Only with the backing of the botanical community can we continue to get the necessary financial support to carry on the work.

EDWARD S. AYENSU, Chairman

Department of Botany

30 September 1972

Contents

Foreword

THE BOTANICAL TYPE SPECIMEN REGISTER

Stanwyn G. Shetler

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Concept and Purpose of Type Register

Scope of Register

Procedures and Standards

Source of Data

Instructions for Contributors

Record Format and Content

Level 1—Taxon Data

Family

Genus and Genus Synonym

Species

Infraspecific Taxon

Author

Title

Level 2—Collection Data

Collector (s)

Collection Number

Collection Date (s)

Geographic Data Fields

Level 3—Specimen Data

Herbarium Abbreviation

Herbarium Sheet Number

Kind of Type

Data Source Code

Processing System

Paper Tape System

On-Line System

Optical Scanning System

Magnetic Tape System

Computer Processing System

Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents

Use of Type Register

A CATALOG OF THE GENUS Carex (CYPERACEAE)

Stanwyn G. Shetler (Editor) ; Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse (Assistant Editors) ; Thomas E. Kopfler (Programmer) ; and Collaborators

Contributing Institutions

Data-Collection Procedure

Editorial Process

Milestone Events

Use of Carex Catalog Carex Catalog

Errata

Statistical Summary of Catalog

Catalog of Specimens

Author Index

Publication-Date Index

Collector Index

Geographic Index

Herbarium Index

Bibliography

An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register[1]

Stanwyn G. Shetler, with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

The Botanical Type Specimen Register

STANWYN G. SHETLER

Stanwyn G. Shetler, Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560; same address: Mary Jane Petrini; Constance Graham Carley (née Graham) (present address: 215 Collier Rd., Atlanta, Georgia 30309) ; M. J. Harvey (present address: Department of Biology, Dal-housie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia) ; Larry E. Morse (present address: Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138) ; Thomas E. Kopfler.

Introduction

The Botanical Type Specimen Register is a computer-based system for recording information about type specimens of plant species and infraspecific taxa, which is designed to become a union registry of type holdings in the world’s herbaria. It introduces a new dimension to the management of herbarium collections. Through the use of advanced information processing methods, critical data are compiled from the herbarium and library and merged into a common, machine-searchable file from which catalogs can be printed or special queries, defined by complex selection criteria, can be answered rapidly on demand. As a result, future taxonomic investigators will be able to learn the whereabouts of type specimens of particular concern to them and obtain answers to certain basic questions without painstaking research or time-consuming travel or correspondence.

The Type Register was conceived by Mason E. Hale, who organized a pilot project in 1968 while he was chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany. This was one of several projects that Hale initiated as chairman to introduce electronic data processing (EDP) to collection management in the United States National Herbarium. (For a description of his automated system for recording specimen exchanges, see Hale and Creighton, 1970; the pilot Type Register project is described in Shetler et al., 1971.) At the outset, the author and Flora North America (FNA) personnel assisted in the development of the pilot system, and the project, though separate, has continued until the present to be associated closely with the FNA program (Shetler and Meadow, 1971). After launching the pilot effort, Hale, while continuing his involvement on an advisory level, passed the supervisory responsibility to the author, who continues to direct the work.

The project was initiated with special funds. In fiscal year 1969 and 1970, limited allocations of regular funds of the National Museum of Natural History were made through the Department of Botany, but regular budgeting did not begin until FY–71 (1 July 1970–30 June 1971) when the Museum organized a new, Museum-wide program in data processing and incorporated the Type Register as one of the charter projects. These projects are controlled by the respective departments, but the overall program is coordinated and managed by James F. Mello, Assistant Director.

The response to the several requests for participation during the pilot phase was excellent, showing general interest among botanists and convincing Hale and others at the Smithsonian of the potential value of a type-specimen register and of the botanical community’s willingness to collaborate to the fullest extent possible in creating a register along the lines conceived. From the preliminary experiments much was learned about the logistical problems and the costs and manpower requirements of network data banking. The Smithsonian necessarily is concentrating present operations on its own type collections of about 65,000 specimens. The system is designed, however, to accept data from any institution at any time, and as long as the inflow remains on a small scale, data from other institutions can be added to the central file by the present staff more or less as they are received. It is hoped that as interest in collaboration grows support commensurate to the interest will be forthcoming both for the central operation and for participating institutions.

The second part of this paper represents the first published installment of the Type Register. It is a provisional union catalog of the type specimens of the genus Carex on deposit in ten major American herbaria (see “Contributing Institutions”) and a concrete example of cooperative data banking.

In FY–72, the year that ended on 30 June 1972, the Type Register project finally was put on a solid footing. Midway through this year it was possible for the first time in the four-year history of the project to staff adequately by employing three full-time persons (two assistant editors and a data conversion operator) and also to have adequate funds to process regularly. Prior to January 1970, the pilot project was carried on intermittently as funds were available by one to three part-time employees, and from January 1970 to December 1971 the project advanced on a more or less continuous, operational basis with the assistance of one, two, and occasionally three full-time persons, the number depending again on available money. During the pilot effort, the computer analysis, programming, and file processing were done on a part-time basis, as needed, by personnel of the Smithsonian Information Systems Division, and since the project has become operational this work has been performed on a similar basis by FNA personnel so as to keep the Type Register system compatible with the FNA system.

From the beginning Hale planned for the inclusion of data from an indefinite and constantly growing number of other institutions and actively sought such collaboration. In one test of the feasibility of multi-institutional input, he distributed a computer-printed set of 52 cards, representing a card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the genus Mimulus (Scrophu-lariaceae), to each of 50 large herbaria in the United States and abroad and solicited their cooperation in providing similar data from their own type collections, if any, of Mimulus. A second major test involved sending a computer-printed card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae) to the University of California, Los Angeles, where Carl Epling’s extensive type collections in this family are deposited, and later to the Missouri Botanical Garden and the New York Botanical Garden. All three institutions cooperated in providing data from their own collections of types in this family. The latter two institutions continued thereafter to collaborate as much as possible on other taxonomic groups, and, apart from the Smithsonian itself, they have been the institutions with the greatest involvement in the Type Register project.

Certainly, no claim to completeness can be made for a catalog that concerns a single genus and only one percent (10/1000) of the world’s public institutional herbaria (Shetler, 1969). “Usefulness” is the pragmatic criterion for compilation and publication of the Type Register, however, and usefulness is dependent on critical mass, not absolute coverage. Clearly it is unrealistic to think that the Type Register could ever achieve absolute completeness, registering all type specimens for all published taxa in all of the world’s herbaria, and the Register has not been conceived on this false premise. The Register is being created on the assumption that some information is better than no information and that a catalog of ten type collections is more useful than a catalog of one type collection. Although it must be admitted that the coverage is very uneven among the ten herbaria contributing to the Carex Catalog, for example, nevertheless this Catalog tells us more than we have ever known before about the Carex type collections of the participating institutions and provides a solid framework to which new information can be added as it becomes available from these or any other institutions.

The concept of a type register is not new. Already in the mid-1980s, A. S. Hitchcock of the Smithsonian Institution, in his capacity as chairman of the Committee on Nomenclature of the Botanical Society of America, coordinated the compilation of information on the location of type specimens. Lists of authors of new names, indicating the major group (s) of plants they described (e.g., phanerogams) and the herbaria where they deposited their types, were compiled (Hitchcock et al., 1934, 1935). Other members of the Committee in 1934 were L. R. Abrams, J. C. Arthur, A. W. Evans, J. M. Greenman, M. A. Howe, E. D. Merrill, F. W. Pennell, and C. L. Shear. “The Committee is not attempting to decide what specimens are types nor to determine the identity of types,” Hitchcock wrote in 1934; “it is attempting only to aid botanists in their search for types.” His words can only be reiterated in the present context. Other recent efforts to catalog types have been made in connection with specimen-data retrieval projects in the herbarium or museum (e.g., Beschel and Soper, 1970; Collier, 1971; Crovello, 1972).

Information processing technology has advanced far since the days of the first applications in biology, when the limitations of the computer led to some unfortunate consequences, as thoughtfully analyzed, for example, in reviews by Wood et al. (1963) and Rollins (1966) of some early applications in plant taxonomy. We make no pretense of having avoided all the pitfalls cataloged by these reviewers, but we have tried to make good use of their advice. If we have learned anything so far, we have learned that no one can design the perfect system on the first trial. Every operational system is at the same time a pilot system for an even more advanced and refined, next-generation system.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—Without the inspiration and genius of Mason E. Hale the Type Register would not exist. While chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany (1967–69), he had not only the foresight to inaugurate this computer application but also the fortitude to persist with administrative support for it when others did not always share his vision nor his optimism for its potential value. The continuing support of Richard S. Cowan, former Director, National Museum of Natural History, and of Hale’s successor as chairman, Edward S. Ayensu, have been crucial in puting the project on a stable footing. The Assistant Director, James F. Mello, and his assistant, David Bridge, deserve much credit for laying the budgetary groundwork that has brought the project to its present viable and relatively healthy state, and for facilitating its administration. From his vantage point as overseer of all EDP projects in the National Museum of Natural History, including the Type Register, Mello has provided stimulating and wise counsel, as well as constant encouragement and help.

Many curators have contributed in some way to the development of the Type Register thus far, especially in the course of the multi-institutional data-collecting experiment with Mimulus, conducted by Hale, and their cooperation is hereby gratefully acknowledged. Those curators and their assistants who participated directly in the compilation of data for the Carex Catalog are listed earlier as “Collaborators.” Among them, Hale, Irwin, Lewis, and Nicolson have taken a dedicated personal interest in the success of the Type Register from the beginning and have in effect constituted a standing advisory editorial board. In their respective institutions, they have played a role in all of the data compilation that has been done for the Register thus far, regardless of the taxonomic group. As a Smithsonian colleague, Nicolson has been a steadfast supporter of the project, showing deep interest in the work itself and sharing his time and seemingly inexhaustible nomenclatural knowledge willingly and unselfishly whenever there has been need, which often has been daily. John H. Thomas raised enthusiasm for the Type Register to a new level when, as a result of his collaboration on the Carex Catalog, he began to ask specialists borrowing from the collections he curates to compile data for the Register from type specimens loaned to them and to affix an annotation label of his own design to each, which reads, “The written information on this specimen has been abstractedfor the TYPE REGISTER PROJECT by ________ __________________________ on___________.”

With respect to the editorship of the Carex Catalog, Carley, who served the FNA program and the Type Register project from December 1969 to April 1971, and Petrini, who is the senior technical editor of the Type Register project, assisted Shetler with the day-to-day technical editing. Harvey and Morse assisted him with the botanical editing during the year that each spent working at the Smithsonian on the FNA program—1969–70 and 1971–72, respectively. Harvey provided botanical supervision of the data-capture operation during the initial input of Carex records from the Missouri Botanical Garden, New York Botanical Garden, and the U.S. National Herbarium. He directed the two-week, on-site input effort at the New York Botanical Garden in June 1970, which involved other genera besides Carex. Cynthia N. Ostroff of the Index Nominum Genericorum project assisted part-time at the Smithsonian in the technical editing of the Carex data from Harvard University. Marilyn Andraeson helped with the data compilation at the Missouri Botanical Garden, while similar assistance was rendered by Zella Ellshoff, Robert Helliwig, and Gail Johnson at the New York Botanical Garden.

At least part of the Carex Catalog was examined in near final form by Frederick J. Hermann of the U.S. Forest Service Herbarium at Fort Collins, Colorado, and Tetsuo Koyama of the New York Botanical Garden, specialists on Carex and the family Cyperaceae, respectively. Although both provided helpful comments, they should not be held responsible in any way for the final Catalog, because neither was able to devote the enormous amount of time that would have been required to check the file authoritatively. This responsibility rests with the editors and collaborators.

Several specialists at the New York Botanical Garden have provided data to the Type Register for groups other than Carex: Caroline Allen (Lau-raceae: a few records of selected taxa), Patricia Kern Holmgren (Brassicaceae: Draba, Thlaspi), Tetsuo Koyama (Cyperaceae: a few records of selected taxa), John T. Mickel (Schizaeaceae: Anemia subgenus Coptophyllum and segregate genera), and Ghillean T. Prance (Chrysobalanceae, Dichapetalaceae). (See also “Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents.”) Holmgren has been the one chiefly responsible for coordination at the working level of the New York Botanical Garden’s collaboration in the Type Register project. Mildred E. Mathias, Director, Botanical Gardens-Herbarium, supervised the compilation of data on types of the family Lamiaceae at the University of California, Los Angeles, early in the project. Bruce MacBryde assisted in the compilation of the data for this family and for the genus Mimulus at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Other botanists who deserve mention for playing a part in the project at the Smithsonian are Amy Jean Gilmartin, Monterey Peninsula College, Monterey, California, and Miloslav Kovanda, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, who spent the years 1969–70 and 1970–71, respectively, with the FNA program.

The FNA Editorial Committee (John H. Beaman, Walter H. Lewis, John McNeill, John T. Mickel, Peter H. Raven, Stanwyn G. Shetler, Roy L. Taylor, John H. Thomas) has taken a deep interest in the Type Register project from the outset and provided financial and material support through the FNA program, as well as invaluable advice and encouragement. A report on progress has been given at every meeting of the Committee since the Register was organized, and much time has been devoted to evaluation of the present and future development of the Register.

The pilot processing system was designed by Reginald Creighton, Manager of Information Storage and Indexing, and programmed by Willard Handley, both of the Smithsonian’s Information Systems Division. Creighton worked closely with Hale to develop the pilot system, which served the original purposes well, and the Type Register would not exist if it had not been for Creighton’s pioneering insight and dedication. When the project became more closely associated with the FNA systems effort, Harriet R. Meadow, Systems Development Manager of FNA, designed the present operational system in its general outlines. Kopfler has been responsible for the detailed design and

FIGURE 1.—Stages in the preparation of records for the Type Register: a, Constance Carley checks nomenclatural data in the Gray Herbarium Card Index; b, Mary Jane Petrini enters corrections into the computer via a remote typewriter terminal connected by telephone (photos a and b by Walter G. Peter III); c, type specimens of the genus Viola (Violaceae) are examined and discussed with respect to the problems of recording them in the Type Register by (left to right) M. J. Harvey, John T. Mickel, and Harriet R. Meadow in the herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden (photo by New York Botanical Garden) .

programming and for the maintenance and querying of the machine files. Morse wrote the COBOL program for concatenating the data into the paragraph form used in the Carex Catalog. Meadow’s analysis and design resolved some basic unforeseen problems that arose after using the pilot system for a time, and her efforts resulted in the operational system that continues to serve very well. She has played a crucial role in the success of the project and continues to provide advice and guidance on matters of systems development. Several botanists who also have experience with computer applications have provided valuable advice from time to time: Theodore J. Crovello, University of Notre Dame; David J. Rogers, University of Colorado; and James H. Soper, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa.

Technical help in editing and capturing data has been given by the following persons, listed in the order in which they were hired, some as employees of FNA and others as employees of the Type Register project: John Bolduc, Nancy Howard, Barbara Bryant, Grace Rickard, Edna Montford, Mary Beth Moore, Barbara Halter, Gudrun Christenson, and Rita Abessinio. Julia E. Taylor and Liliosa Mangosing Evangelista have been cheerfully indispensable in discharging the myriad clerical and administrative tasks without which a project of this nature could never succeed.

In addition to receiving regular budgetary support on an increasing scale from the Smithsonian Institution, the Type Register project has been funded in part by the National Science Foundation through grants made to the American Institute of Biological Sciences (GB–8441, GN–812, GB–26173) and to the Smithsonian Institution (GB–31715 and contract C–720) for the FNA program, the Smithsonian Research Foundation (grants Sg0621054, Sg0621054/Cl and Sg0621054/C2), and the Smithsonian Office of Systematics.

Concept and Purpose of Type Register

Perhaps 200 million specimens are on deposit in the more than one thousand public herbaria in the world, and scattered among these vast collections may be as many as 4 million type specimens (Shetler, 1969; Shetler et al., 1971). North American herbaria alone probably contain more than a halfmillion types. Likewise the original publications describing new plant taxa and establishing their types are myriad and scattered through the world’s literature. The taxonomist who wishes to make a scholarly study of a group of species, including an investigation of their typification, faces the formidable task of locating the relevant original descriptions and type specimens. Fortunately for him, two standard indices, Index Kewensis (Rouleau, 1970; Meikle, 1971) and the Gray Herbarium (Card) Index (Shaw, 1971), and various standard library catalogs and union listings are readily available to guide him to the pertinent literature. No similar indices exist, however, to guide the taxonomist to the pertinent type specimens. To find types he first must search the original literature case by case for indications or clues and then, through travel or correspondence, continue his search in herbaria among the specimens themselves. Even with the original descriptions in hand the specialist often faces great difficulties in trying to determine where the types are deposited. The modern literature still shows an astonishing lack of standardization in the way types are designated and their herbarium deposition indicated.

What the taxonomist needs, therefore, is a finder’s guide to the type holdings of at least the world’s major herbaria. This guide should be indexed primarily by taxon but also cross-indexed several ways, and it should include citations of the original publications and basic collection data as provided by the specimen label and/or published description. Such an index ultimately would incorporate and enhance the functions of Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index. This type of registry could become effective at once for newly published taxa if taxonomists would agree to require registration of all new taxa and type depositions at the time of publication as a condition for effective publication. Furthermore, the registry, if computerized, would be the logical central repository for specialists’ annotations on typification, especially with respect to lectotypification and neotypification. Plant taxonomy desperately needs an effective central place and straight-forward procedure for registering lectotypes, neotypes, and specialists’ conclusions about other kinds of types.

The Botanical Type Specimen Register, as conceived, therefore, is to serve primarily as a finder’s guide for locating type specimens. The secondary function, however, is to serve as a guide to the original descriptions of the registered taxa and to provide collection data for the registered specimens. The specimen information necessarily is organized by taxonomic name. Thus the file is not purely a specimen register; the data are organized so as to constitute a three-level hierarchy: taxon, collection, specimen. A full entry (record) in the Register is, therefore, a synthesis of data from the herbarium and the library which cannot be completed without examining the original specimen and the original publication, as well as other specimens and publications as necessary. A record can be initiated with data from either the herbarium or the library and supplemented later by data from the other. To a degree this happens naturally as other institutions contribute to the initial record, but in any event years may elapse before all records of a given taxonomic group can be brought to relative completeness.

The development of the Type Register ultimately involves three stages: registration, verification, and validation.

The immediate objective is to initiate the computerized working file without getting bogged down in time-consuming researches to resolve challenges of the validity of the data. Such scholarly research is the province of specialists who may need years to resolve particularly difficult nomenclatural and typification questions, and the preparation of the kind of index envisaged here could never be accomplished if all questions had to be answered first and the compiled data had to be “perfect.” In the first stage, therefore, the primary goal is to record or register the facts more or less at face value as they are given by the available primary and/or secondary sources. Research and editing are kept to a minimum except where obvious discrepancies can be resolved without extensive investigation. The editing is restricted largely to formatting the data according to the technical standards of the processing system, and to standardizing the use of names, titles, and terms in key fields.

The second stage is to verify all data by firsthand examination of the pertinent specimens and original publications. When the data are compiled in the first place from the original sources expressly for the Type Register, vérification is accomplished in the process of preparing the data for registration, and the two steps merge into a single operation. When a secondary source such as an existing card file or published index is used, however, there is a need to verify the information subsequently by checking the specimens and original descriptions. Two examples will illustrate. (1) Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index constitute indispensable secondary sources of references to original publications, but the original publications themselves must be examined in order to verify both the existence of the descriptions and the accuracy of the citations. (2) Present-day revisions and monographs customarily indicate where the key type specimens are deposited, but this information is not considered verified, for purposes of the Register, until the specimens have been seen in the process of compiling the data for the Register, because the data must be verified in the context of the specific requirements of the Register. This is a critical point.

It should be emphasized here that a taxonomic revision or monograph, no matter how carefully and authoritatively executed, constitutes a secondary source of information for all taxa treated except those being described to science for the first time. In fact, as synthetic w’orks, these treatises often present only the barest details on type specimens, especially for previously described but even for newly described taxa, and the author’s own nomenclatural interpretations frequently are not clearly distinguished from the original data. It is not unusual, for example, to discover in the process of verifying a record in the Type Register that the author of a revision or monograph, in identifying what he believed to be the holotype, unwittingly designated a lectotype or even a neotype by strict application of the international rules of botanical nomenclature. Therefore, except as a reference to the original sources, for which it is of course invaluable, the monographic treatise has proved to be a disappointing starting point for compiling the Type Register; it seldom provides all necessary data and often presents summaries of the original facts which are telegraphic to the point of being imprecise or even inaccurate. On the other hand, the monographic treatise is indispensable in the third or validation stage, because it deals in a systematic way with the typification of the taxa covered and establishes authoritative precedents that must be considered in the interpretation of the information in the Type Register. Furthermore, short of having all the original references and specimens in hand, the monograph, which brings together all the data for a taxonomic group into one place, is by far the best single source of data for the given group.

Verification is not a simple procedure that can be accomplished once for all time but an involved, virtually never-ending process, which seems to expand in direct proportion to the number of specimens and publications examined. Comparison of the original description with data from one or more specimens rarely can be made without uncovering at least minor discrepancies that must be reconciled. As types from additional herbaria are registered it often becomes necessary to reexamine the original publication and secondary references again and again to resolve new discrepancies, and such discrepancies frequently multiply faster than they can be resolved as publication after publication is consulted. Gazetteers, atlases, biographies and biographical dictionaries, persona] fieldnotes and letters, and even new correspondence with current specialists, in addition to the obvious taxonomic treatises and reference w^orks, may be employed eventually in the course of trying to verify the data of an entry in the Register.

Apart from the facts themselves is the matter of interpretation and judgment. The compilation of any highly condensed, formatted, and standardized file of data such as the Type Register is bound to involve much interpretation of fact and judgment of what to include and what to exclude. The computer imposes the additional problem of judging how best to format and standardize the data for search and retrieval. As new data are provided or brought to light, there is a constant need to reevaluate prior interpretations and judgments, and this in turn may require reexamination of previously consulted literature and specimens. The problem is one not only of accuracy and completeness within a given record but also of consistency among records. How the geographic information is standardized in the record for Taxon A, for example, has a direct bearing on how the geographic information is standardized for Taxon B, and decisions made for the first case without knowledge of special problems to be faced in the second case may have to be reevaluated and changed when the two records are considered together. In short, there is no a priori way to set standards for all time.

The long-term goal of the third and ultimate stage in the development of the Type Register is to validate the data according to the rules of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN; Stafleu et al., 1972) and thereby to establish the Register as a wholly reliable, authoritative index of types of plant species and infraspecific taxa. Validation involves typification, specifically the designation of kind or status of type, and such matters as rank, priority, synonymy and homonymy, authorship, and orthography. Up to a point, the records can be validated by any botanist or technical person skilled in the strict application of the provisions of the ICBN, because many of the problems are purely technical or legal. Indeed, experience with the Type Register has proved that a trained technical editor frequently makes decisions more consistent with the ICBN than the specialist, at least insofar as the objectives of the Register are concerned. Such technical validation, while it greatly increases the reliability of the data, nevertheless is without the force of authority that can be gained only through the sanction of the taxonomic authorities themselves. As in all taxonomic research, many of the questions that arise regarding typification have no absolute answer but require good judgment by an experienced specialist on the basis of all available evidence, and no amount of technical expertise could suffice. This type of authoritative validation is needed in the long run if the Type Register is ever to take its place as an indispensable and thoroughly accepted tool of plant systematists, and it is hoped that the specialists will cooperate in validating the information in the Register as it becomes available group by group in preliminary form. In the short run, however, the most that can be achieved is some degree of technical validation. The important point to stress here is the dynamic state of the file which can be updated at any time to accord with current knowledge and understanding.

Like verification, validation is a continuous process that never really ends, because the light of new information often requires important reevaluations and appropriate changing of the computer file. At the same time, a basic threshold can be achieved. A record is considered verified at least on an initial basis once the original description and all registered specimens have been seen in person by someone compiling and editing data expressly for the TRegister. Likewise a record is considered validated at least initially once the designation of types has been worked out in accordance with the ICBN expressly within the framework of Type Register specifications and format. These thresholds must be attained before the second and third stages of development can be said to have been achieved on a minimal basis. Authoritative validation as described above, on the other hand, will require the input of many specialists in the years to come and is a very long-term proposition.

The three stages of development may be summarized as follows:

Stage 1. Registration.—Creation of the initial file, which involves basic standardization of citation and geographical fields.

Stage 2. Verification.—Editing file against primary sources in the light of the accumulated data.

Stage 3. Validation.—Shaping the Register as an authoritative tool on typification, fully in accordance with the ICBN, by getting input from specialists and by incorporating information on lectotypification and neotypification, as well as other critical annotations.

In practice, registration, verification, and validation certainly are not sharply delimited phases and often merge into each other as a single process. Once the original description and specimens are in hand one attempts to accomplish as much of the entire three-stage process as possible. Verification and validation, in particular, tend to overlap; it is in fact impossible to accomplish the one without to a degree accomplishing the other. From the point of view of the daily operation, however, registration, verification, and validation represent distinct working stages in the creation of the computer data base, involving different procedures and personnel. Editorially, each stage results in a more refined, reliable, and authoritative data base. In the first stage, the data can be compiled and registered entirely from secondary sources, if necessary, although this is not recommended, but neither verification nor validation can be accomplished without consulting the original sources. Regarding the operational distinction between verification and validation, it should be realized that a technical person may be quite competent to verify the accuracy of the data but not to validate the type designations even with the original sources in hand. Ordinarily, technical editors are responsible for verification, and only when professional botanists or other specialists skilled in the application of the ICBN perform this function is it possible to perform the validation function at the same time.

The present computer file of some 13,000 specimen entries, constituting the entire Type Register, is a registry of largely unverified and unvalidated records of apparent or presumptive types, and for the next several years, at least, effort will continue to be concentrated on the rapid compilation and input of similar preliminary data from many other taxonomic groups and institutions, starting with the Smithsonian’s own type collection. The strategy is to register the greatest number of taxa and specimens in the shortest possible time so as to achieve quickly a critical mass of data for producing catalogs and answering queries. Clearly the usefulness of such a data base will be directly proportional to its taxonomic and institutional comprehensiveness. Unless efforts to verify and validate the data are kept to an essential minimum as new records are being processed, there is little chance that a comprehensive data base can be created in the foreseeable future. The manpower and resources simply are not available at present for the massive searches in the herbarium and library that would be required to bring every new record to the Stage 2 or Stage 3 level of refinement as it is being entered into the file. To a large extent, therefore, the Stage 1 Type Register will have to be verified and validated through use, through feedback from the specialists who discover its shortcomings in the course of their research.

Under no circumstances is the Type Register being used or is it intended to be used as a place to designate lectotypes and neotypes and thereby to set nomenclatural precedents. If the Register is ever to be used in this manner, which as indicated earlier may prove desirable eventually, the taxonomic fraternity will have to make a conscious decision to do so.

When the scope of the task is considered, it is not surprising that no one has attempted to compile a union catalog of type specimens before now. The task can be cut down to size, however, because relatively few of the world’s public herbaria are large enough to have a significant concentration of type specimens. Only about a score of the world’s herbaria, for example, contain over two million specimens each, and a published index, including literature citations, to any one of these collections would be enormously useful in itself. Each new institution to be added to such a base would enhance the catalog greatly and move it one step closer to the goal of a worldwide union registry.

The U. S. National Herbarium is one of the score of major herbaria with more than two million specimens, and its type collection of 65,000 or more specimens certainly constitutes a significant initial data base. Furthermore, not only is this type collection separate from the main herbarium and easily accessible, but it also has an associated file of cards on which are recorded pertinent data from the original publication (see “Source of Data”). Without this large, ready-made card file and without computer technology, which permits the creation of a union register on a much more flexible and dynamic basis than would otherwise be possible, the Type Register doubtlessly would never have been conceived or started. The Botanical Type Specimen Register is in the first instance, therefore, an index (catalog, register) of the U. S. National Herbarium’s own type collections. The thousands of man-hours that have gone into the creation and maintenance of the National Herbarium’s type collection and card file have paid off, of course, to the many who through the years have used the type herbarium on the Smithsonian premises. By computerizing this information the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany now makes it possible for taxonomists at large to benefit from the accumulated data and enormous manpower investment.

Scope of Register

The Register is designed to handle taxa typified by specimens, namely, taxa of the rank of species or below, and it encompasses all infraspecific taxonomic levels recognized by the ICBN. In the future, modifications in design may be desirable if not essential to accommodate cases in which the type is not a specimen but a description or a figure. For the present, however, the object is to register specimens, and for this reason data collection usually begins with the specimens and proceeds to the literature rather than the other way around. There are good reasons for arguing on the one hand that registration should proceed from the specimen to the taxon and on the other hand that the process should be reversed, proceeding from the taxon to the specimen. No doubt this publication will stimulate debate on these alternatives; meanwhile, it should be made clear that primarily the first approach is being taken.

With one exception, only the original names of newly described taxa, i.e., taxa being described to science for the first time, are included. The one exception is a wholly new name for a previously described taxon necessitated because all other possible names and combinations would violate the international rules. New combinations involving previously published epithets are excluded rigorously insofar as they are known to be combinations; in such cases, only the basionym is entered into the Register. In one sense, therefore, the Type Register is a basionym file. This approach has been taken because it is the only feasible way in the foreseeable future to create a stable file with fixed points of reference. Eventually, viewed in the longest terms, it will be necessary to link the Type Register to a much vaster name list that shows all possible synonymy connections among basionyms and combinations and thus makes it possible to trace the nomenclatural history of a particular species, for example, from modern usage back to original usage. This is far too much to expect of the Type Register in itself, however, and for this reason the design of the Register allows for no synonymy except for orthographic variants. If a taxon originally was published under a generic or specific name with a spelling that later was corrected, then the original spelling is indicated in a special field, while the accepted spelling is shown in the main taxon field; for example, many species have been published in the genus Penstemon under the spelling “Pentstemon,” and this spelling is indicated in the orthographic synonym field, as necessary. Without this approach, the same genus would alphabetize in different parts of the file (e.g., Aplopappus vs. Haplopappus).

Only validly published names are included, but the names need not be legitimate, as defined by the ICBN (see also McVaugh et al., 1968).

Taxonomically and geographically, the Register is limited only by the availability of data and operational resources. The present machine file includes only vascular plants and primarily flowering plants, but it could be expanded at any time to include cryptogamic groups if the data and the resources to input the data, especially personnel, were available. The geographic scope already is worldwide because the initial source of most records, the U.S. National Herbarium’s type collecion, is worldwide in scope although particularly strong in New World areas. The input is further biased geographically at present by the fact that the other herbaria which have cooperated thus far on the Register also are North American institutions with principally New World collections (except Arnold Arboretum).

Inclusion of type photographs has been suggested several times, but so far this has not been done because they present special problems requiring careful study before the system can be modified to accommodate them. Whereas type specimens are unique and, even in the case of isotypes and syntypes, are distributed to a relatively limited set of herbaria among the total, type photographs are not unique, and in theory every herbarium can have a photograph of any type. The Register soon could be overloaded with references to photographs, and no purpose would be served. While there is a clear need, especially on the part of floristic workers who may be able to satisfy their requirements with photographs and thus avoid a massive borrowing of type specimens, for a central index of negatives on deposit at major centers from which type photographs could then be purchased, this problem calls for separate attention.

To an extent, the same reasoning applies to type fragments because many institutions potentially can have fragments of the same specimen. A type fragment has no standing in the ICBN unless it can be interpreted as a formal type of some kind (e.g., isotype), and most fragments cannot be dignified by such interpretation. In the modern era when travel and communication are easy, making the remotest corners of the earth accessible, the informational value of the type fragment in one’s own herbarium has diminished greatly because the type specimen itself can be borrowed or examined by personal visit. Thus only in the case of types that have been destroyed or of types that for political or other reasons are still inaccessible can importance be attached to a register of information on the whereabouts of type fragments. In other words, the taxonomist wants to know, “Where can I find a type specimen?” not “Where can I find a type fragment?” The latter question will interest him only if all efforts to see a type specimen fail or prove impractical. For these reasons, type fragments have been registered sparingly in the present file and only when the circumstances seem to warrant doing so.

Lectotypes and neotypes present a special problem that cannot be handled properly with the current system design. The system allows for only a single bibliographic citation, namely, the citation of the original publication where the taxon was first described and the name proposed. In cases of lectotypification or neotypification, however, it is necessary to cite also the second, later reference where the lectotype or neotype was designated. The problem has been largely ignored in this initial phase because lectotypification and neotypification cannot be documented properly without the direct participation of specialists. Identification of lectotypes and neotypes is part of the Stage 3 validation process described earlier, and by the time this level of documentation is possible the system will be modified to include a separate file, linked to the basic file, for recording lectotypes, neotypes, and other pertinent taxonomic or nomenclatural annotations. Such a file for “remarks” will provide a way of recording the names of authorities who have validated the data.

A word is necessary about the relationship of the Type Register project to the Index Nominum Genericorum (ING) project (Cowan, 1970). The object of ING is authoritative typification of all generic plant names. Thus it deals with genera, not species, except for type species, and it is not concerned with type specimens or collection data of any kind. Emphasis is placed on achieving at once, before input, the level of validation that the Type Register is expected to achieve only in the long run. The Register, which is not concerned with the typification of genera, and ING are complementary, therefore, and do not duplicate each other in any way (see also p. 16).

With respect to Flora North America, the closest links are maintained between it and the Type Register project on the one hand and ING on the other hand, to ensure that the work of each project will complement rather than duplicate the others.

Procedures and Standards

SOURCE OF DATA

The principal source of data at this stage is the permanent card file associated with the type collection of the U.S. National Herbarium (US). The card, records are converted into machine-readable form genus by genus in alphabetical order. During the pilot phase cards were pulled from the file by family (e.g., Scrophulariaceae), but this approach is impractical for the file as a whole, which is arranged alphabetically by genus. While that approach was being taken, the cards were being compared with the specimens in the type collection, which are arranged systematically (modified Englerian sequence), prior to input. Now that an alphabetical rather than systematic approach to the file is being taken the specimen-comparison step is being postponed until the whole file is in the computer and can be sorted systematically by family.

Curators of the U.S. National Herbarium have followed the practice of segregating type specimens from the general collection since the early part of the present century. The practice was first established about 1918 by then-curator Paul C. Standley. At the same time an associated card file was started to supplement the specimen data with information from the literature. The file includes a card for every taxon (species, subspecies, variety, form) represented in the type collection, and generally the responsible curator has had the original publication in hand while preparing the card and the standard folder for filing the type specimen (s). Each card includes the original taxonomic name (basionym in cases of later transfer), author, original reference, basic collecting data, and designation of kind of type. To re-create this file today from the specimens and the literature would require at least 10 and more likely 20–30 professional manyears, and there is no reason to suppose that the file could be re-created with any higher professional standards or greater degree of accuracy on the average than the first time. In short, it is scientifically sound as well as eminently practical to create the preliminary edition of the Type Register from the Smithsonian file as it stands.

Of the 65,000 specimens in the US type collection, about 55,000 are types of phanerogamic species and infraspecific taxa, and the other approximately 10,000 are types of cryptogamic taxa—ferns, mosses, and lichens.

Other institutions can contribute to the Type Register in any of a number of ways, as explained in the next section. Basically, there are two ways: (1) annotation of a printout listing records already registered in the machine file, and (2) submission of completed data forms or some equivalent procedure for new records not presently registered in the machine file. These are complementary procedures which must both be used. Institutions with ready-made card files like the Smithsonian’s are in the best position to contribute in a significant way quickly, and their contributions will spare the smaller herbaria from repeating costly bibliographic research that already has been done somewhere else. The cumulative Register provides a basis for checking rapidly for isotypes and other “duplicate” type material, leaving bibliographic research to be performed only for those cases where new taxa are to be added to the Register. In other words, to conserve effort maximum advantage should be taken of the existing file in the process of adding new data, especially bibliographic data, and of course the larger the machine file becomes the greater can be the economy of scholarship on the part of newly collaborating herbaria.

Monographs and the personal manuscripts or files of monographers are obvious sources of authoritative data for the Register and have been used in a few instances, although there are some distinct disadvantages in using the monograph as the starting point (see p. 7). Future monographers should register data routinely for type specimens of new taxa prior to, or simultaneously with, publication. Likewise, it is hoped that graduate students in plant taxonomy will be advised to submit data on type specimens examined by them in the course of their research.

For every specimen registered in the file, a code is appended at the end of the record which indicates the source of the data according to a broad classification of source categories, summarized later under “Data Source Code.”

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Any herbarium interested in contributing to the Register is advised to consult with the staff at the

FIGURE 2.—Standard Data Collection Form of Botanical Type Specimen Register.

Smithsonian well in advance of initiating a project so that a compatible way of compiling data can be devised before the first record is collected. At present the Type Register staff has its hands full with the internal Smithsonian file but will do its best to cooperate with other potential contributors to set up procedures for submitting data. The most efficient way of collaborating under present circumstances is to submit the records on the standard data form (Figure 2) to the Smithsonian for processing, but with adequate planning it will be possible for another institution to convert its own data into machine-readable form in-house before submitting the data to the Smithsonian and thereby to save time and effort in the overall process, at least where large herbaria are concerned. Complete records, i.e., with all essential data present, submitted by other institutions are placed in the queue and processed in due course as time permits. Incomplete records, particularly those without proper bibliographic citations, are set aside in an inactive file where, for lack of staff to complete them, they may remain indefinitely. Potential contributors should keep in mind, therefore, that any effort that falls short of providing complete records risks becoming a wasted effort.

A collaborating institution should always work from the current catalog in the Type Register, if one exists, of the genus or other taxonomic group concerned. The Carex Catalog, for example, provides a checklist of taxa already registered which can be used as a tool by any herbarium wishing to search its own collections for type specimens of this genus. Working catalogs for other registered groups can be provided at cost by the Smithsonian as they are needed. The purpose of this procedure is to reduce unnecessary effort on the part of both the compiler and the editor. In the system, all specimens pertaining to a given taxon are registered under a single entry, and thus there is one unit record per taxon. It is the editor’s responsibility to prevent duplications of the same taxa in the first place and in the second place to discover and delete the occasional duplication that inevitably creeps into a file of the size and complexity of the Type Register. Individual compilers can do much to assist the editor in preventing duplications, however, by keeping themselves informed, through working catalogs, of the current status of the file, and by using procedures that minimize the chances of submitting duplicate information for taxa already recorded.

The procedural details will differ from institution to institution, but these general guidelines should be followed, unless other special arrangements have been made beforehand:

(1) All new records—taxa new to the file—should be submitted on the standard data collection form (Figure 1) and according to the technical data specifications used by the Smithsonian. Be sure that the original name and not a later combination is being used.

(2) All additions to existing records—supplementary publication or collection data, and collections or specimens new to the file—should be submitted as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it belongs. Care should be taken to distinguish between specimens that belong to a collection already registered in the file and specimens that introduce a new collection but to an already registered taxon. Both constitute additions but on different levels. The latter situation arises frequently when syntypes are involved, but slight discrepancies in collection data can easily be overlooked by the compiler, leading him to the conclusion that the former situation obtains. If the collection data recorded in the Register are not identical or at least reconcilable with the collection data of the specimen in hand, then the discrepancy should be resolved appropriately or the specimen excluded. In annotating the catalog, it is important to be sure that the additions are clearly associated with the proper collection where two or more collections are registered.

(3) All proposed changes to existing information in the file should be submitted with documentation as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it pertains. Without documentation, proposed changes raise more questions than they answer and complicate the work of the editor.

The most common errors, experience has shown, are mistaking (1) a later combination for an originnal name, (2) the type specimen of a variety or form for the type of the species itself, and (3) a syntype (or isosyntype) for an isotype. The second of these mistakes often turns out to be the explanation for the situation in which the specimen appears to have been collected after the species was described, i.e., the collection date is later than the publication date. An undetected name transfer may lead to puzzling discrepancies or to unnoticed duplication. Frequently, for example, a type collection passing under an undetected later combination becomes the basis for introducing a new taxon to the file, while at the same time the collection already is properly registered under its basionym.

A final note should be added about the use of the Carex Catalog or any similar working catalog in herbaria where type specimens have never been identified and segregated into separate folders or a separate collection. By means of the collector index, it is possible for curators who wish to begin segregating types to use such a catalog as a means of identifying type specimens within their herbaria which belong to collections recorded in the Type Register.

RECORD FORMAT AND CONTENT

The data content of a unit record in the Register was established largely according to the conventions long used for the US card file. With the US card format as a standard, the data form shown in Figure 2 was devised for use by contributors at other institutions. This form shows what fields of data should be included, distinguishing between essential and nonessential fields and indicating certain of the basic standards. The fields tagged as “essential” constitute the minimum number of data elements which the processing system is designed either to require or expect. From the botanical-content point of view, however, none of the fields should be regarded as optional. Every effort should be made by the contributor to provide data for all fields. Contributors can obtain blank forms at cost from the Smithsonian or use facsimiles.

Before input to the system, all records are edited to conform with the field-by-field technical specifications that have been established to standardize content and format in the system. A copy of these specifications can be made available to collaborators on request, but most contributors will not want to be bothered with all of the technical details of the system. For purposes of contributing records, it is essential to know only the main conventions and standards that govern the content and format of the data fields. These basic standards are explained below by field, and contributors are strongly urged to follow them closely so that the work of the editor will be simplified. The rules of standardization have been applied more rigorously and consistently to the Carex Catalog than to any other part of the Register, and potential contributors are asked to study this Catalog carefully for specific examples of how standards have been applied to govern content, form, and style. Implicit in this Catalog are the answers to many specific questions about standardization which cannot be answered here. It should be kept in mind, however, that the typical edit format is different from the format of this published Catalog. In the typical format, the information is not strung together (concatenated) in paragraph form, but each field is labeled and printed by itself with room for annotations. Furthermore, certain fields of data (e.g., source code) have not been printed out in the Carex Catalog.

The reference works used most frequently in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register are cited in the bibliography. Some of these works have been adopted for editorial purposes as the standard references and authorities for verifying and standardizing new data during initial input. An “authority” (authority file) is an index, thesaurus, or dictionary of terms, names, or titles which is used to standardize some category of data, e.g., B-P-H (Lawrence et al., 1968) for titles of botanical periodicals. Published standards have been adopted as authorities whenever possible, but in some instances it has been necessary to begin creating authority files expressly for use in the Type Register project. A “standard reference” is an authoritative and reliable secondary source that provides the editor with a practical means of quickly verifying some category or categories of incoming data, e.g., a name index such as Index Kewensis or Willis’ Dictionary of Flowering Plants and Ferns (7th edition, revised by Airy Shaw, 1966). Verification in this editorial sense of double-checking in secondary sources is not to be confused with verification in the primary scholarly sense discussed earlier in connection with Stage 2 development of the Type Register (p. 7).

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature is, of course, the final authority on all matters of typification and nomenclature. (The 1966 edition, prepared under the chief editorship of Lanjouw and Stafleu, has been used thus far, but the newer 1972 edition of Stafleu et al. is now available.) Of the essential desk-top references, the one most frequently consulted, perhaps, is the seventh edition of Willis’ Dictionary. Also invaluable as general reference works are Steam’s Botanical Latin (1966) and Stafleu’s Taxonomic Literature (1967). Though hardly desk-top references, Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index are indispensable, and the Type Register editorial staff is fortunate in having available to it an integrated version of the former and both the card and book forms of the latter. Insofar as possible, the same procedures and standards are being applied in both the Type Register project and the Flora North America program, so that the data bases will be compatible. Authority files developed especially for the one project are being used also for the other as appropriate.

The main editorial procedures that have been adopted to verify and standardize the ingoing data are summarized below field by field. Collaborators can do much to increase the reliability and standardization of their own data by using these same procedures in the process of compilation. The editorial burden is eased greatly when the editor knows in advance that the essential standards have been upheld consistently by the contributor.

Level 1—Taxon Data

The following fields of data are recorded only once each for every species or infraspecific taxon registered in the machine file because these data are unique for each taxon. Furthermore, the taxon is the unit record, and every taxon is entered into the file only once.

FAMILY.—The latest edition of Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (vol. 1: Melchior and Werder-mann, 1954; vol. 2: Melchior, 1964) is the authority for the system of families with the exception that the accepted family name with a regular ending is used in all cases, including the eight cases where the Syllabus, following the traditional practice sanctioned by the ICBN (see list of Nomina Familiarum Con servanda), uses irregular names. These irregular names with their adopted regular equivalents are: Compositae/ASTERACEAE, Cruciferae/BRASSICACEAE, Graminae/POACEAE, Guttife-rae/CLUSIACEAE, Labiatae/LAMIACEAE, Legu-minosae/FABACEAE, Palmae/ARECACEAE, Urn-belliferae/APIACEAE. The use of regular family names conforms with practice in the FNA program. Willis’ Dictionary is used in conjunction with the Syllabus to determine the family to which a genus belongs.

GENUS AND GENUS SYNONYM.—Index Nominum Gcnericorum, insofar as it is completed, is the final authority for generic names, to determine their accepted spelling and whether they are validly published. Willis’ Dictionary, which in any case is an indispensable authoritative handbook on these matters, is consulted for genera not yet covered by ING. Whenever the data are being compiled directly from the primary sources, the generic name is entered on the data form exactly as it was spelled in the original description of the particular species or other taxon in question. If for some reason this spelling is a variant of the currently accepted orthography of the name, then both spellings are entered into the machine file, the accepted spelling in the “Genus” field and the orthographic variant in the “Genus Synonym” field. In no case is more than one spelling permitted in the “Genus” field for the species and infraspecific taxa of any particular genus of plants.

SPECIES.—Attempt is made to record the specific epithet exactly as it was spelled originally, except where a minor change is required by the provisions of the ICBN governing orthography. (A two-word epithet, for example, is hyphenated to form a single word.) To verify the spelling given on the data form, the editor relies upon the Gray Herbarium Index and/or Index Kewensis insofar as possible, because to check the primary publications in all cases is impractical at this stage. These two indices, which overlap considerably in coverage, frequently provide a check on each other. Unless the taxon in question is by definition outside the limits of one of the two indices, the second index is checked routinely whenever the first does not confirm the spelling given on the data form. With respect to species regarded as being of hybrid origin, the standard practice of placing an “X” followed by a blank space before the epithet is followed.

INFRASPECIFIC TAXON.—An infraspecific taxon of any rank recognized by the ICBN can be accommodated in the Type Register by entering the infraspecific epithet and the appropriate rank designator in this field, e.g., VAR GRACILIS or SFM CRASSA. Infraspecific names are entered in the Register in the form of trinomial combinations with the appropriate rank designator, because this form is adequate for nomenclatural purposes; and quadrinomials create problems in the system. The Gray Herbarium Index is used to verify infraspecific epithets as to rank and spelling, but it covers only infraspecific taxa of the New World published during the past 100 years. For this reason, many of the infraspecific names must go unverified at this stage when extensive literature research is impractical. Following is a list of the infraspecific ranks and their standard abbreviations used in the Register:

Subspecies

SSP

Variety

VAR

Subvariety

SVR

form

FOR

subform

SFM

nothomorph

NM.

AUTHOR.—This field carries the full last name and all initials of each author of the binomial or trinomial name under which type specimens are being registered. Whether single or multiple authors, the last name is always placed before the initials. When the use of initials only is certain to lead to confusion, the full first name also is included, e.g., MACOUN, JOHN vs. MACOUN, JAMES M., not MACOUN, J. vs. MACOUN, J. M. The publishing author or the author of the work, if different from the author of the name, is always included in this field and separated from the author of the name by “IN” or “EX” in accordance with the rules and recommendations of the ICBN. No authority exists for author names, but an author authority file has been started for the Type Register on the basis of the Carex Catalog. Further, the FNA Author File is well underway, and it is planned that the two be compatible and that ultimately they be merged. Meanwhile, the standard references are Barnhart’s Biographical Notes Upon Botanists (1965) and Stafleu’s Taxonomic Literature (1967), but all available biographical references are consulted as necessary. (See also under “Collector[s].” Many specific problems are encountered in dealing with author names, but the details are beyond the scope of this introduction. Examples of specific solutions can be found in the Carex Catalog.

TITLE.—The title of the periodical, monograph, or book in which the name of the taxon in question was first validly published is recorded in this field. The title of the article in the periodical or of the chapter in the monograph or book is never included or given in lieu of the title of the periodical or work. In cases where a name was introduced into the literature before it was validly published, reference is made only to the place of valid publication. A name published first without description (nomen nudum), for example, often is later published validly with description. Nomina nuda are not included in the Type Register. All titles are abbreviated consistently. B-P-H is the authority for abbreviating titles of periodicals. For titles of monographs and books, the Type Register project is developing it own authority file, using the principles of abbreviation set forth in B-P-H, and, insofar as possible, taking advantage of the title abbreviation file developed by the ING project. An author’s or editor’s name is not included in this field unless it actually is part of the title; otherwise, it is included in the previous field as the publishing author or editor.

Level 2—Collection Data

Because there may be multiple type collections (e.g., syntypes) for any taxon, the collection data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. The following set of fields is recorded for each collection, insofar as the data exist and are available.

COLLECTOR(S).—The names of all collectors of the type collection being registered are recorded in this field exactly as author names are formatted in the “Author (s)” field. The name of a collecting expedition may be recorded here when individual collectors cannot be determined. The Type Register project is developing its own authority file for collectors, but meanwhile the following biographical indices, in addition to those already mentioned under the “Author (s)” field, are being used as standard references: “Index Herbariorum, Part II: Collectors” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1954, 1957; Chaudhri et al., 1972—completed for letters A to L); “Index to Principal Collections Represented in the U. S. National Herbarium” (compiled by U. S. National Herbarium staff for internal use, 1965).

COLLECTION NUMBER.—Ordinarily this will be the collector’s own number, but when there is no trustworthy means of determining his number, or if he had none, a serial collecting number assigned by an institution or expedition may be recorded instead. The field is regarded pragmatically as the place for a number, any number, that has been associated with the collection and which, when combined with the name (s) entered in the “ (Collector (s)” field, normally will form a unique reference to the collection. If a distinction can be made between the number of the collector and the number of his expedition or institution, then the name of the expedition or institution assigning the serial number should be placed in the “Collector (s)” field unless one or more collectors’ names already have been entered there; otherwise, this name should be prefixed to the collection number to make clear that the number is not the collector’s own. When there is absolute evidence that the collection never has been numbered in any series, then the abbreviation S.N. (sine numero), meaning “without number,” should be entered in this field. If on the other hand the number is merely unknown or there is doubt about the existence of a number, then dashes (- - -) should be entered in the field.

COLLECTION DATE(S).—Collection date is recorded just as accurately as it is known, and if necessary two dates or a range of dates are given. All dates, whether single or in ranges, take the form: 28 Sep 1928. On the data form, dashes should be entered to indicate that the collection date is unknown, and the abbreviation S.D. (sine dato) should be used to indicate that the collection is known to be without a collection date. In using the latter designation, the compiler should be absolutely certain that the collection is undatable; otherwise, he should use dashes (- - -).

GEOGRAPHIC DATA FIELDS.—Four geographic fields are used to pinpoint hierarchically the collecting locality: (1) country; (2) state, province, department, or equivalent; (3) county or equivalent; (4) locality. The specific place is recorded in the fourth or lowest field more or less in the terms of local reference given by the collector himself and should include a town, post office, or other place name that can be found in an atlas. The locality terms in the fourth field are ordered from the largest to the smallest units, and unimportant words are omitted; latitude and longitude, if given, are placed last in this field; and ecological terms, except where required to clarify the geographic location, are omitted. Because locality data from the specimen and the original description often are merged into a single telegraphic statement, the reference given in this fourth field cannot be assumed to be a direct quotation. Every effort is made, however, to stay close to the words of the original collector and/or author of the description, and substantive additions or interpolations by the compiler or editor are indicated appropriately. It is important to the editor, therefore, that compilers set apart clearly their own comments from the original information. Quotation marks are used only when the context requires that the exact original words be identified, as, for example, when some part of the locality statement is so archaic, confusing, or general as to appear to contradict the rest of the geographic information.

The three, higher level geographic data fields are used to place the locality in its proper geopolitical hierarchy. Whereas the vocabulary used in the “Locality” field is standardized for sorting purposes but not controlled, the vocabulary used in these three fields is controlled as well as standardized for purposes of search and retrieval. Insofar as possible, current official political units are used in all three fields so as to avoid overlapping and inconsistent terminology. As the term “geopolitical” implies, concessions to age-old geographic designations, as in the case of certain islands, are made in a few instances, and “country” is not always an independent political unit in the strictest or most modern sense. Such changes are made only within the structure of the controlled vocabulary, however, as explained below. Island names present a particular problem, because often they have long been used in the biogeographic literature but do not fit into a consistent geopolitical hierarchy (e.g., Borneo, Madagascar). Various stratagems, mostly involving comments in the “Locality” field, have been devised to cope with the problem of identifying well-known bio-geographic areas within the file structure of the Type Register. If the name used in any of the three higher level fields is not obviously equivalent to the name used originally by the collector, then his original designation is included parenthetically with appropriate annotation at the end of the “Locality” field.

All available atlases and gazetteers are used as standard references, the most valuable being The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (Seltzer, 1962) and the desk-top Webster’s New Geographical Dictionary (1972). The latter, to the extent that it covers the geographic units and problems encountered, has taken on the force virtually of an authority for geographic standardization. The authority adopted for the system of classification and names of the world’s countries and equivalent political units is the National Bureau of Standards’ Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS Pub) 10: Countries, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty (1970). With slight modifications for the purposes of Type Register, this publication is used to control the vocabulary used in the first or “Country” field. Any new name must be fitted into this system before it can be used.

From the data-processing point of view, the purpose of the geographic information is to make search and retrieval possible at least by country and state or province. Thus if the first two fields are left blank or if the names are not carefully controlled and standardized the retrieval aim is clearly thwarted. Collaborators should make every effort to provide data in all four geographic fields, but the most important ones are the first, second, and fourth.

Level 3—Specimen Data

Because there may be multiple type specimens (e.g., isotypes) in any type collection, the specimen data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. Ordinarily, an institution will be represented by a single type specimen under a given collection, but there is no limit to the number of specimens that may be registered per collection as long as each specimen is uniquely identified. In practice, this means that two or more specimens will be cited for the same institution only if they have different herbarium sheet numbers or represent different kinds of types. The data fields in the specimen citation are: Herbarium Abbreviation/Herbarium Sheet Number/Kind of Type/Data Source Code. The typical specimen citation takes this form: US 1727345 HOLOTYPE CF.

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION.—The standard international abbreviations established in the fifth edition of “Index Herbariorum, Part I: The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1964) are used to designate the herbaria.

HERBARIUM SHEET NUMBER.—Many herbaria stamp a serial number on every sheet to which an herbarium specimen is attached, and that number is entered into this field. The field may be left blank when the sheet in question lacks a serial number. Because a sheet number represents the single most effective and reliable means of uniquely identifying a specimen, any collaborating herbarium which presently does not number its sheets is strongly urged to number the sheets of type specimens as the data are compiled for the Type Register. From the standpoint of the Register, the serial number is a completely arbitrary datum and need not belong to any general numbering system within the collaborating institution provided that it is part of a unique series. Whenever there is any choice on the matter, a totally numerical series, not a mixed alphabetical/numerical (alphanumeric) series, should be used, to facilitate proper numerical sorting by machine.

KIND OF TYPE.—This small field represents the purpose of the Type Register and is certain to evoke more discussion and controversy than any other data field in the unit record. For this reason it is vital that every user of the Carex Catalog or any other part of the Register understand from the outset the limitations of the data recorded in the “Kind of Type” field.

As emphasized repeatedly, the initial aim of the Type Register project is to record the facts just as they exist in the presently available sources so as to put before the taxonomic user community the greatest amount of information in the shortest possible time, leaving until later stages the objective of methodical, authoritative verification and validation. Once comparative data on type specimens are available group by taxonomic group on a large scale, the specialists themselves, who alone are truly qualified to render authoritative decisions on matters of nomenclature and typification, can help enormously to refine the Type Register data base through feedback arising from actual use of the file. The consequence of this register-now-validate-later approach is seen most often in the imprecise if not incorrect terms by which the different kinds of types are designated. Because the nomenclatural rules have changed through the years and the well-developed modern terminology is of relatively recent origin, it is natural that types have not been designated according to any consistent standards through the years.

When a type specimen is first registered, its typification is designated by whatever term is indicated in the data source, which usually is a secondary source (card file, specimen file, monograph), unless there is firm evidence to indicate otherwise. Thus any type designation, whether legal or illegal by present nomenclatural rules, may appear in the Type Register.

At the United States National Herbarium, it was customary for many years to designate two basic categories in the segregated collection of type specimens: “type” and “type collection.” Usually, “type” has meant what would now be called “holotype,” while “type collection” has embraced syn-types, isotypes, and even paratypes according to present terminology. “Types” often prove not to be holotypes, however, and it would be very wrong to draw simple equations between the older and newer terms. The collection of type specimens at the New York Botanical Garden provides another example of the problems with archaic terminology. Here the categories “type” and “cotype” were used for many years, and now “type” often but certainly not always translates to “holotype,” while “cotype” may designate any of the kinds of types masquerading under “type collection” at the US.

The authority for designation of kind of type is the ICBN. An auxiliary, highly authoritative standard reference is “An Annotated Glossary of Botanical Nomenclature,” by McVaugh et al. (1968). Whenever the original specimens and literature can be examined and the kind of type validated in accordance with the rules, proper terminology is used. By this terminology, the Register is designed to include primarily holotypes, isotypes, syntypes, and isosyntypes. As explained earlier, the present file structure is not designed to handle lectotypes and neotypes (or isolectotypes and isoneotypes), although these are entered sometimes by using the fourth geographic field (“Locality”) as a remarks field for the second bibliographic citation. Paratypes are excluded unless other, higher order types cannot be located and there is reason to believe that the paratypes will become important later for purposes of lectotypification. Fragments of holotypes, isotypes, or syntypes may be included at the discretion of the editor (see under “Scope of Register”).

When a holotype has not been designated, as in all the older literature, one usually is faced with a “syntype situation,” which often is difficult to resolve precisely on the basis of the ICBN’s terminology. A syntype, according to the ICBN (Article 7, Note 3), is “any one of two or more specimens cited by the author when no holotype was designated, or any one of two or more specimens simultaneously designated as types,” and an isosyntype is a duplicate of a syntype (see “Guide for the Determination of Types” in the ICBN). “Duplicate” in this context is defined as “part of a single gathering made by a collector at one time.” In other words, a “duplicate” is one of two or more specimens constituting a single “collection,” as this term ordinarily is used by plant taxonomists and is being used in the context of the Type Register.

The distinction between syntype and isosyntype hinges on such relatively subjective criteria as “specimen citation” and whether or not the original author had the specimens in hand (cf. definitions of McVaugh et al., 1968), which are matters for specialists to determine. The older literature, where the problem of syntypes arises, is well known to be less than precise in the manner of citing specimens. The editorial staff of the Type Register must restrict its interpretations to the letter of the ICBN, and for the most part such fine distinctions as between syntype and isosyntype necessarily are deferred for the proper specialists to make at a later time. To do otherwise would be to assume the specialist’s role and responsibility and to introduce false precision at this stage. Accordingly, the term syntype is used for both syntypes and isosyntypes except in the rare cases where the evidence for the isosyntype designation is clear and convincing.

A final point on the use of the term syntype concerns the distinction between single collections and multiple collections. Throughout the older literature there are numerous cases where a single collection has been designated as the type collection, either explicitly or implicitly by virtue of being the only collection cited, even though a holotype has not been set apart. Many specialists would single out a presumptive holotype in these cases on the basis of the specimen (s) which the original author is presumed to have examined firsthand, but the Type Register editors cannot and should not make authoritative selections in such cases and must regard them all as syntypes. The ICBN does not seem to provide terms for distinguishing this common syntype situation from the other common syntype situations in which two or more type collections are designated simultaneously. Because it is useful to know whether one or more than one type collection is cited, in the Type Register project the term “type collection” has been given a proper meaning for the purpose of distinguishing these two syntype situations. Type collection, in this proper sense, designates a specimen from a single type collection, while “syntype” is reserved for designating a specimen from any one of two or more simultaneously designated type collections.

The catchall term type material is used to designate any specimen presumed for some reason to be a type but for which there is no basis at the time of data input to assign a more precise classification.

Many situations arise in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register in which it would be useful to have a collective term for designating a collection as a counterpart to the singular term given in the ICBN for the specimen. In fact, the terms “holotype collection” and “syntype collection” often are used informally within the project as collective counterparts to the singular terms holotype/isotype and syntype/isosyntype.

DATA SOURCE CODE.—Source of data is indicated according to a classification of source categories, by appending the appropriate code at the end of the specimen citation. It is impossible to document in detail the source of every datum, and any categorization of sources is certain to have many imperfections. The present classification is only a rough first approximation of the kind of documentation needed, but presumably it is a strike in the right direction. It is drawn up largely from the point of view of the central staff and their internal Smithsonian operation, and other categories will have to be added as other institutions join in the effort. Probably codes or numbers will be assigned to individual contributors in the future in the manner of Index Nominum Genericorum. It should be noted that this is more than a classification of sources; up to a point it also is a classification of degree of verification/validation. Obviously, a record based on examination of the original publication and the original specimen is likely to be more reliable than a record based solely on secondary sources. Following is the classification of data source codes:

OS

Original publication and type Specimen examined by person compiling data for Register.

OP

Original Publication examined by person compiling data tor Register, but type specimen not seen; supplementary information about the specimen, if any, derived from secondary source (s).

TS

Type Specimen examined by person compiling data for Register, but original publication not seen; citation and other publication data, if any, derived from secondary source (s), including standard indices (Index Kewensis, Gray Herbarium Index), monographs and revisions, annotations on specimen sheet, card files, original descriptions removed from context of publication without exact citation and necessary prefatory matter, and the Type Register catalog itself.

MG

Data derived from most recent MonoGraph of taxo-nomic group in question without reference to any other source (s) of information.

SS

Data derived entirely from Secondary Sources.

CF

Data transcribed directly from a card in the Card File of the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium without verification against the original publication or type specimen.

CO

Data from US Card file verified by examination of Original publication.

CS

Data from US Card file verified by examination of type Specimen (s).

CM

Data from US Card file verified or supplemented by consulting latest Monograph of taxonomic group in question.

UK

Source of data UnKnown.

PROCESSING SYSTEM

The first step is to convert the data to machine-readable form, i.e., to “automate” or “capture” the data, so that they can be processed by computer. No data conversion (automation, capture) system is perfect, and none is capable of handling all applications equally well (Shetler, 1972). Several methods and media have been tried thus far in the Type Register project in an effort to find the data conversion system best suited to this data-processing application. In general, the aim is to use the system that will get the data into the computer with the least amount of error and effort. Because the development of data conversion devices and procedures continues to evolve rapidly, a flexible approach has been taken; the data conversion system is kept as independent as possible from the rest of the processing system so that a new conversion system can be adopted at any time with minimal impact on the overall Type Register operation.

The following data conversion systems have been used in the chronological order given:

PAPER TAPE SYSTEM.—Data were mechanically encoded on paper tape with a tape-punching typewriter. The tapes then were read by the computer which converted the holes in the paper tape (i.e., mechanical codes) to electronic codes on magnetic tape and thus transferred the machine-readable data from the medium of capture to the medium of computer processing. This system was used for the duration of the pilot project, and several thousand records, a third of the present file, were captured with it. During the pilot phase, while paper tape was being used, corrections to the machine file were made by means of the standard 80-column punch card.

ON-LINE SYSTEM.—With a typewriter terminal, data were entered via telephone directly on disk storage of a remote time-sharing computer under the on-line control of a sophisticated text-editing program package. This text-editing software permitted the terminal operator to direct the computer in making any of a whole series of deletions, changes, and additions during the input process so that maximum editorial accuracy could be achieved in the machine-readable data base immediately, before it was output onto magnetic tape for subsequent processing by the information retrieval system.

OPTICAL SCANNING SYSTEM.—Data were typed on standard forms with an ordinary 10-pitch IBM Selectric Typewriter equipped with a head having a special optical scanning font. Completed forms were scanned by an optical character reader (OCR) which encoded the data directly on magnetic tape for further computer processing.

MAGNETIC TAPE SYSTEM.—In the system currently being used, a typewriter encodes data electronically on a magnetic cartridge which is compatible with computer tape. The typewriter unit also serves as a communication terminal to transmit the data captured via telephone directly to the computer, where the data are transferred to disk or tape for further processing. Processing programs can be controlled from this same remote terminal. Of the several data conversion systems used, this one seems to offer the best compromise of advantages and disadvantages in the context of the operation as a whole.

COMPUTER PROCESSING SYSTEM.—During the pilot phase of the Type Register project, this system consisted of a set of specially written COBOL programs, designed to run on the Smithsonian’s Honeywell 1250 machine, to create and maintain a machine file, and to account for collaborating institutions to which data-collection cards were sent or from which data were received. It was not designed as an information retrieval system in the strict sense, and in terms of output the system was capable chiefly of producing catalogs, either in book or card form. The pilot system proved with use to be highly specialized with too few capabilities and serious weaknesses in file structure such as inability to handle syntypes. It served the purpose of a pilot system, however, to get a file started and thereby define through experience the problems to be solved in the operational system.

After the pilot phase, the specialized COBOL programs were abandoned, and the processing system was completely redesigned around the commercially available, IBM-supported program package known as the “Generalized Information System” (GIS), which runs on the larger models of IBM’s System/360 and System/370. This generalized software performs all the normal functions of creating, maintaining, and querying files and of generating reports. It is an information retrieval system, in the proper sense, with the full capability to search, select, and print answers to specific queries on demand in addition to the capability for producing various types of tabulations, tallies, and catalogs. A COBOL preprocessing program (“preprocessor”) and a COBOL concatenating program, by which, respectively, the data are prepared for processing by GIS and the data are joined field by field into publishable paragraph output after processing by GIS, form a part of the total operational system. GIS runs only on IBM equipment and is offered by several computer service bureaus in the Washington, D.C., area with IBM machines. Type Register processing with this system so far has been carried out successfully at several different service bureaus, and the project basically is independent of the computing center.

One of the most important initial tasks in developing the Type Register is to build a file of sufficient size to make reliable studies concerning such matters as record comprehensiveness, record format, field format, need for authority files, and

FIGURE 3.—Two oversimplified schematic representations of the three-level record structure in the Botanical Type Specimen Register (from Meadow, 1973a,b).

report types and formats. This requires a flexible information processing system that allows for data to be restructured, reports to be reformatted, tallies to be made, and edits and mass updates to be made without reprogramming. From the output standpoint, it must be possible to select records according to the content of any data field, to relate records to each other on the basis of selected fields, and to sort and format selected fields as desired. GIS affords all these capabilities.

The FNA program is using GIS, and it was for this reason particularly that the decision was made to use GIS in the Type Register project so that these botanical data bases would remain fully compatible. The rationale for using a generalized information processing system and a description of the use of GIS in the FNA program have been set forth in separate papers recently by Harriet R. Meadow (1973a, b), who is responsible for the basic design of the Type Register processing system. The two most important features of GIS, from the point of view of biological data retrieval, are its capability of handling hierarchical data structures and its capability of querying two or more files simultaneously for correlated data. With respect to Type Register, for example, the hierarchical feature permits subordination of two or more specimen collections to a single taxon or, in turn, two or more specimens to a single collection within a taxon. The three-level hierarchy of the Type Register is outlined in Figure 3.

The second-generation processing system for the Type Register by no means represents the ultimate system, but it does handle the vast majority of cases very well and solves the most bothersome problems encountered during the pilot phase with the specialized first-generation system. New problems have arisen, however, and with the experience gained by using the present system it will be possible to design a third-generation system in due course that will accommodate all of the special cases that continue to be troublesome, e.g., the case of a lectotype or neotype that requires a second bibliographic citation.

Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents

Following is a statistical summary of the records on the machine file as of 30 September, 1972:

No. Families

135

No. Genera

950

No. Taxa*

10,525

No. Collections

10,625

No. Specimens

13,535

*Species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and nothomorphs.

The figures show that the number of collections averages just slightly more than 1/taxon, while the number of specimens averages about 1.3/taxon. The number of specimens will grow rapidly relative to the number of taxa as additional herbaria register their type holdings of taxa already in the file.

This is a tally largely of records input from the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium (US); i.e., the vast majority of the families and genera are represented only by taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection. None of the 135 families is present solely on the basis of types registered from another herbarium, which is to say that at least one taxon in the US collection is registered under every family. The inclusion of a family does not mean, however, that all US types belonging to that family have been recorded. Quite the contrary, the project has only begun, and, as indicated earlier, it now is proceeding alphabetically by genus and is still in the letter “C.” This means that for the vast majority of families only genera starting with “A” or “B” are recorded thus far. If a genus is present, however, then all type material in the US collection belonging to that genus is registered. In other words, the file is complete to the genus level with respect to taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection.

Before the alphabetical approach was started, registration of US types was essentially completed for several families, and in each case the types of one or more other herbaria also had been recorded. Following is a list of these completed families, showing for each the number of genera, taxa, and specimens registered and the abbreviations of the herbaria for which the file is relatively complete:

Chrysobalanaceae (12 genera, 216 taxa, 1,110 specimens), many herbaria

Dichapetalaceae (7 genera, 43 taxa, 153 specimens), many herbaria

Lamiaceae (84 genera, 1,234 taxa, 1,851 specimens), LA, MO, NY, US

Scrophulariaceae (85 genera, 943 taxa, 1,075 specimens), US

Violaceae (17 genera, 232 taxa, 321 specimens), NY, US

The data for the Chrysobalanaceae and Dichapetalaceae were provided by Ghillean T. Prance of the New York Botanical Garden from his manuscripts of family monographs for the Flora Neotropica series. All type specimens seen by him in the course of his research on these families as of June 1970 are recorded, which means that many herbaria are represented. With respect to these two families, the Type Register is relatively “complete” in the comprehensive, monographic sense in that the file cites the significant types, regardless of where they are on deposit, as they will be cited in the published monograph. (The monographs of these families have since appeared—see Prance 1972a, b.) At the same time the coverage may not be as thorough for any individual herbarium as in the case of the other three families—Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Violaceae—for which the data were compiled directly from type collections or card files in the herbaria indicated. Within the Scrophulariaceae, contributions to the genus Mimulus have been registered by more than a dozen herbaria (CAN, COLO, DAO, F, GH, JEPS, MICH, NY, OSC, PH, UC, LA, LIS, WIS) as a result of Hale’s experiment (see “Introduction”), and there are miscellaneous other contributions to this family recorded from MO, NY, and a few other herbaria.

Apart from the families listed and the genus Carex, for which the catalog is appended, several other groups have been completed in some sense. Nearly half of the US types of Asteraceae (Compositae) had been recorded when the switch from a systematic to an alphabetical approach was made, and the file for this family contained as of 30 September 1972 the following: 255 genera, 2,600 taxa, and 2,650 specimens. Several important genera of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) have been completed at least for the US, and the tallies for these genera as of 30 September 1972 were:

Arabis (97 taxa, 106 specimens), US

Draba (119 taxa, 195 specimens), NY, US

Lepidium (29 taxa, 32 specimens), US

Lesquerella (38 taxa, 43 specimens), US

Thlaspi (15 taxa, 59 specimens), F, GH, MO, NY, RM, S, UC, US, WTU

The data for Thlaspi were provided by Patricia Kern Holmgren (1971) of the New York Botanical Garden from her revision of the genus, during which she saw types from the above-indicated ten herbaria. She also provided the data from NY for the genus Draba.

Finally, John T. Mickel of the New York Botanical Garden provided significant type data on the genus Anemia subgenus Coptophyllum (Schizaeaceae) and its three segregate genera Aneimiaebotrys, Coptophyllum, and Trochopteris from his monograph of the Anemia (Mickel, 1962), and the statistics are: 4 genera, 35 taxa, 81 specimens.

Use of Type Register

Some of the main uses of the Type Register will be obvious from the discussion in the foregoing sections if not from the concept of the Register itself, and other uses will become apparent through study of the Carex Catalog and its indices. It should be emphasized that a catalog of this type with the same or other types of indices can be produced for any taxonomic group, large or small, presently registered, although the data have not been edited to the same high degree in any other group thus far. The Carex Catalog and each of its indices represent outputs to particular queries. Many other types of queries are possible, and the amount of output depends on the scope of the query and the depth and comprehensiveness of the data base at the time of querying. For example, the request “Print all records of ferns,” would yield a relatively small printout at this stage, because only a few fern types are registered, but eventually such a request could yield an overwhelming printout. In querying the file, the user always must exercise discretion in framing his requests, and to do this he must have a reasonable knowledge of the limits of the machine file beforehand or be guided by someone who is familiar with the file. Otherwise he will make meaningless or impractical requests.

By request the file will be queried at cost for anyone. Any kind of query is welcome, and guidance can be provided in framing queries. It is important at this stage to have feedback from potential users in the form of requests for file queries so that all needs are taken into consideration as the Type Register system undergoes further test and refinement, particularly with respect to report formats. Persons wishing to make extensive use of the Register should plan to spend time in Washington, D.C., working with the project staff at the Smithsonian. The costs and other requirements of such an undertaking should be worked out in advance by consultation with the staff.

The Type Register can be queried or sorted by taxonomic name, author, book or journal title, year of publication, collector, collector’s number, date of collection, country, state or province, county, herbarium, and kind of type or any combination of these. With a query or sort on any of these fields can be printed other selected fields from the same records, as illustrated by the Carex Catalog, which is sorted by taxonomic name, and its five indices, which are sorted in the lead field by author, collector, country, publication date, and herbarium, respectively.

With the cooperation of specialists willing to devote time to editing of groups of interest to themselves, other catalogs can be published. Anyone is invited to propose collaborations in publishing from the Type Register.

A Catalog of the Genus Carex (Cyperaceae)

STANWYN G. SHETLER (Editor); MARY JANE PETRINI, CONSTANCE GRAHAM CARLEY, M. J. HARVEY, LARRY E. MORSE (Assistant Editors); THOMAS E. KOPFLER(Programmer);AND COLLABORATORS

Contributing Institutions

The ten American herbaria that have collaborated in the Carex project to provide data on their re-sective collections of types in this genus are listed here in descending order of number of specimens registered. The name of each herbarium is preceded by its standard international abbreviation as established in the fifth edition of “Index Herbariorum, Part I, The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu 1964).

NY

Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York

GH

Gray Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

US

United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.

CAS

Herbarium, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California

F

John G. Searle Herbarium, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois

MO

Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri

DS

Dudley Herbarium, Stanford University, Stanford, California

UC

Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California

A

Herbarium, Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

JEPS

Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California

Each institution has contributed to the Carex Catalog voluntarily and with little or no outside financial support for work on the Type Register. The FNA program has made use of the Type Register as a pilot project to evaluate various ways of collecting, editing, capturing, and processing hierarchically structured taxon/collection/specimen data. In the course of this work, therefore, small sums of “seed” money were allocated from FNA funds to support data-gathering for the Carex project at several of the above institutions. The Carex project was undertaken in the first place at the suggestion of the FNA Editorial Committee. The Committee saw in Carex a good model of a large genus with a preponderance of North American species which presents a full gamut of nomenclatural and taxonomic problems to cope with in an information system. (The Carex project, insofar as FNA was concerned, went beyond the Type Register. While the data were being gathered for the Register, other morphological data were also being assembled by FNA—unpublished Carex data on Sections Montanae and Ovales collected by A. J. Gilmartin and M. B. Moore—to test the matrix techniques of Morse, 1971, for computer-assisted identification and key construction.) Once the Carex Catalog was established on the basis of several large herbaria, other major herbaria were able to add their data with a surprisingly low investment of man-hours. The Field Museum, for example, reported just under 35 man-hours—less than a man-week—to compile its data on Carex types, at a cost of under $175 for technical labor, but by the time the Museum came into the picture it had the benefit of a basic catalog already including the contributions of A, GH, MO, NY, and US.

Each institution determined its own extent of coverage, and without exception each tried to include all types in the general herbarium which already had been segregated or otherwise identified or which could be identified quickly on the basis of the available computer printout. At the same time, none of the herbaria makes any claim to absolute completeness or thoroughness relative to the number of types in the herbarium, including those still buried in the general collection. A pragmatic philosophy prevailed, with each herbarium doing the best it could under the constraints of its own local circumstances. It might be assumed in general that the coverage is more complete for the herbaria like NY and US which had separate type collections in the first place and had long-established traditions of segregating type specimens from the main herbarium as they are recognized, than for the herbaria without segregated types, but even this assumption can be questioned. At CAS, a folder-by-folder search of Carex specimens in the herbarium with printout in hand turned up as many unrecognized type specimens as had previously been recognized and segregated into the type collection. A similar search of North American folders at F resulted likewise in doubling the number of recognized types. If one pass through the herbarium can double the number of types, it certainly cannot be concluded that all types have now been found. From a purely curatorial point of view, therefore, the Carex project was very useful in these instances because, as a result, the collection of recognized types was increased by 100 percent.

Clearly it would be unfair to judge the relative size or value of the type collection or even just the Carex type collection of any of these ten herbaria on the basis of the present catalog. Much more extensive development of the Type Register is required before such judgment will be warranted. At the same time, the present ranking is almost predictable. An herbarium that is the major depository for the types of a monographer naturally is expected to have a disproportionate number of types in the group (s) on which the monographer worked. The extensive work of monographer K. K. Mackenzie (1931–35, “Cyperaceae-Cariceae,” in North American Flora) clearly might be expected, therefore, to have put NY in the first position, and no one will be surprised to find GH and US close behind. Comparison of the NY and US type collections of Carex provides a good example of the influence of a monographer on a type collection. Together, NY and US have type specimens for over 400 taxa. Of these taxa, half are represented by type specimens only at NY, while about 40 are represented only at US. Thus, NY has five times more “unique” Carex taxa in the Type Register than US. By contrast comparisons in some other groups show NY and US to have about an equal number of “unique” representatives in the Register. CAS is expected to be strong in types of western taxa. In addition, John Thomas has pointed out (personal correspondence) that CAS has a complete set of H. P. Sartwell’s Carices Americanae Septentrionalis, Part 1 (nos. 1–70, 1848) and Part 2 (nos. 71–143, 1850), and a “rather good set, but not complete,” of S. T. Olney’s Carices Boreali Americanae, distributed in 1870 and 1871. According to Thomas, many CAS specimens bear the annotations of J. W. Stacey, who was connected with CAS and published on western sedges.

Thomas points out these additional interesting facts about the other herbaria in the San Francisco Bay area. Mackenzie, in the course of doing the treatment of Carex for Abrams’ An Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States (Mackenzie, 1923), determined all the Carex specimens at DS from the Pacific States and a number from other regions sometime prior to 1920. The Parish Herbarium, one of the best early collections of southern California plants, is housed at DS. The I. W. Clokey Herbarium, including his sedge types, are at UC, and of course W. L. Jepson’s material is at JEPS.

In general, every curator who collaborated in the Carex project felt that his effort had beneficial consequences in the herbarium, and there was a nearly unanimous opinion that the results were well worth the effort from the curatorial standpoint alone.

Data-Collection Procedure

The Carex Catalog was initiated with data from the US and MO type collections. For the US, records were converted from the existing card file (see “Source of Data”), while the MO records were captured from data forms filled out at MO in the course of a special search of all the Carex type folders, which are distributed through the herbarium in association with the main collections. The special search was undertaken specifically as part of the Carex project of FNA.

After a common catalog of the US and MO collections was compiled, members of the Type Register staff moved their data-conversion operation to the New York Botanical Garden for two weeks, where, with the assistance of NY personnel, the NY Carex data were compiled and input to the system in a matter of days. The data were compiled from the specimens in the separate type collection, which by and large does not include the literature citations, and supplemented with bibliographic data from reference works, primarily Mackenzie’s (1931–35) monograph of Carex.

It should be pointed out that the type collection at NY was first segregated for security reasons during World War II, and the selection had to be done in haste under less than ideal conditions. Consequently, many nontype but historically important specimens, constituting perhaps as much as 25 percent of the total type collection, deliberately were pulled along with the known or presumptive type specimens in the process of going through the main herbarium. The person who compiled Carex data attempted to sort out the nontype material, and further culling was done during the editorial process. Undoubtedly some nontype material still remains in the present Catalog, although it seems unlikely that the percentage of such specimens is much if any higher for NY at this stage than for any of the other nine herbaria. In any event, it will be a simple matter to delete nontypes from the file as they are discovered and brought to the attention of the Type Register editors in the future.

Once the NY data were merged fully with the US and MO data, a union catalog was delivered to Harvard University for additions from A and GH. At Harvard, data on types of taxa already registered were annotated in the catalog, and data for taxa new to the catalog were compiled on standard forms. In general, Harvard provided only specimen data, and the bibliographic data were looked up and supplied later by the Type Register staff at the. Smithsonian before annotations and new records where captured and merged with the US + MO + NY machine file.

When the annotated catalog was returned from Harvard, the A and GH annotations were transcribed to the main working catalog at the Smithsonian, and then the Harvard catalog, as annotated, was sent to the Field Museum of Natural History. Sent with the annotated catalog were photocopies of the data forms for the new taxa added by A and GH. In this way it was possible to give the collaborators at F the benefit of the new data supplied by A and GH immediately, while the capture of these new data was still in progress at the Smithsonian. As a further aid to their work, the collaborators at F were provided with an index by collector and collector’s number to the US + MO + NY catalog.

The collaborators in the San Francisco Bay area were provided with a new catalog incorporating the A and GH data along with the US, MO, and NY data, and this catalog also included an index by collector and collector’s number. This catalog was annotated by them with new data from CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC on taxa already registered, and data for taxa new to the file were compiled on standard forms. The annotated catalog and completed forms then were returned to the Smithsonian Institution for input to the system.

At CAS, DS, F, JEPS, and UC the data were compiled in the first instance from the specimens in the herbarium, but in most cases the original publications also were checked when taxa new to the file were involved. Otherwise the bibliographic data were obtained from secondary sources. The original literature was checked for taxon additions without exception at F.

In summary, a round-robin procedure of sorts was used to collect the data. To the extent possible, each new collaborating institution was given the benefit of the latest cumulative catalog incorporating the contributions of previous collaborating herbaria. In this way, maximum advantage could be taken of previous herbarium and library research, and duplication of effort was kept to a minimum. Once the combined data of CAS, DS, TEPS, and UC were returned to the Smithsonian, the data-collection phase was closed out and final editing began.

Editorial Process

All entries were edited in accordance with the principles and procedures set forth in the first part, and the editors take final responsibility for the form and style and all other editorial matters of the present Catalog. To integrate new contributions into the accumulating data base, differences between supposedly identical records from different institutions constantly had to be reconciled by turning to standard references and the original literature. Whenever possible, record content was verified by checking the original publication. In the end, nearly every original description cited in the Catalog was seen at least once by the editors and in many cases several times. In many cases, furthermore, the designation of kind of type was validated according to the ICBN; however, because much of the checking of original literature was done by a technical editor, untrained in the application of the type method and terminology, many of the records were verified without being validated, to use the distinction defined in an earlier section (p. 00). According to this distinction, the development of the Carex file of the Type Register can be said to have attained the Stage 2 “verification” level overall, with some records still at the Stage 1 “registration” level and with a substantial number of others having been “validated” more or less according to Stage 3 standards. Of course the careful scrutiny of specialists, with appropriate feedback from them, is needed over a period of years before the present Carex file can be said to have truly attained Stage 3 development.

While the bibliographic data could be double-checked or supplied (if not provided in the first place) by examining the original publication, the specimen data could be verified in this way only to the extent that the publications gave corroborating details. Ultimately, therefore, each contributing institution is responsible for the reliability of its own specimen data. In the case of NY, however, the editors, who assisted in the data collection itself, share responsibility for the reliability of the specimen data. In any event, citations always were checked against Index Kewensis and/or the Gray Herbarium Index if the original publications could not be examined.

Editing of this type of open-ended file, in which considerable subjective judgment is required, is a never-ending process, and a reasonable degree of thoroughness is achieved only after many editorial “passes” through the file. The editing proceeded in a series of phases and cycles in which all records were examined a field at a time, by means of inverted listings or indices, for consistency and accuracy, and updated printouts were obtained for another editorial round. Thus, for example, title citations were standardized in one editorial phase, while names of authors were standardized in another phase. The editorial corrections for all fields then were merged into a common working hard-copy of the file before the process of updating the machine file was begun. After one cycle of such editing was finished and the file was thought to be “clean,” a new catalog and set of indices were printed out. Then a whole new cycle of editing was begun. This iterative process continued until the editing began to yield diminishing returns and it became necessary to bring the never-ending process to a reasonable stopping point, which the present Catalog is believed to represent. In such a dynamic system, editorial perfection is relative at best, and at this stage the editors certainly make no claim to perfection in any sense of the word, although every effort has been made to be thorough and consistent.

Milestone Events

Computerized data banks are a new development in biology, and there is still much to be learned about the mechanics of creating and maintaining them. The process is all too easily underestimated, especially with respect to manpower requirements, and overly optimistic timetables are the rule. An enormous effort on the part of many individuals went into the creation of the Carex Catalog over a period of more than two years. During this time the tedious editorial work seemed to go on endlessly, while technical problems with the systems development and processing also came in a steady stream. The following chronology of milestones in the more than two-year process has a two-fold purpose—first, to provide a practical example of the laborious steps involved in creating a data bank, and, second, to caution against overenthusiasm and oversimplification on the part of others contemplating similar efforts. It must be stressed, however, that all during the two and one-half years other taxonomic groups were being input to the Type Register along with Carex, and it never was possible to work exclusively on Carex.

1970

January

Decision made to begin work on genus as part of FNA Carex project. Editing of data in US card file begun.

February

Collection of data begun at MO and first records returned to US for input. Photocopies of all Carex records in US card file sent to MO.

March

New data-capture procedure organized using online, text-editing system.

April

All US and MO records input, totaling just over 200 taxa and about 250 specimens.

May

First printout of US + MO records produced and edited, and machine file updated. Second printout produced, and copy sent to NY.

June

Second printout of US + MO records edited, and machine file updated.

Members of Type Register staff worked at NY for last two weeks during which time all NY Carex records (200+ taxa, 300 specimens), along with records of other groups, were input to the system on-line via telephone to computer in Washington, D.C.

First printout of new taxa added to file by NY produced.

July

Report on NY work prepared.

August

Printout of NY additions edited, and machine file updated.

First printout of US + MO + NY records produced.

September

US + MO + NY printout edited, and machine file updated.

Second printout of joint records produced, totaling 415 taxa and 544 specimens.

Decision made to publish a Carex catalog as the sample installment of Type Register.

November

Preliminary report formats defined for catalog and indices.

December

Use of on-line system discontinued, and paper tape system reorganized and used again.

1971

January–May

Intensive editing and updating of preliminary Carex Catalog (US + MO + NY) continued.

OCR data-capture system inaugurated, and paper tape system phased out.

Sample catalog of 100 Carex records with 4 cross-indices produced and distributed to a limited cross-section of taxonomists.

June

Preliminary catalog of Carex displayed at botanical meetings in Edmonton, Alberta, and copies of sample of 100 records handed out.

Decision made to hold off publication of Catalog at least until GH could be included.

July

Final printout of US + MO + NY catalog generated for GH.

August

Copy of latest catalog delivered in person to Harvard University for use in compiling data from A and GH; specimen data compiled and returned to US.

Copy delivered also to NY for final prepublication check; check made and printout returned.

Copy sent to MO for final prepublication check.

Copy displayed at annual meeting of American Institute of Biological Sciences, Ft. Collins, Colorado.

Contributions solicited by letter from F, San Francisco Bay area herbaria.

September

F indicated willingness to contribute Carex records.

October

Arrangements made for F to contribute records, and necessary materials supplied, including index by collector to preliminary catalog.

Data collection begun at F.

Editing of A and GH data begun.

Report on progress to meeting of FNA Program Council in Miami, Florida.

November

Arrangements made for CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC to contribute, and necessary materials supplied.

Copy of collector index sent to MO.

Critique of sample catalog of 100 Carex received from F. J. Hermann.

Editing of A and GH data completed, and records input to system.

December

Data collection at F completed.

New cumulative catalog incorporating A, GH, MO, NY, and US produced, with 537 taxa, 542 collections, and 776 specimens.

Four indices in preliminary format generated.

COBOL paragraphing (concatenating) program designed, written, and debugged; GIS/COBOL interface programmed and tested.

1972

January

All data returned from F to US for input.

All data returned by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC.

Limited input with magnetic cartridge system begun.

Computer program for listing and tallying taxa in Type Register tested.

Data collection phase essentially brought to close.

Sample catalog produced using COBOL concatenation program.

February

Annotations from catalog used by F and from catalog used by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC transferred to working copy.

Editing and final data capture continued apace.

COBOL concatenating program, including GIS interface, tested satisfactorily.

March–April

New cumulative catalog printed, including 600 taxa, 607 collections, and 854 specimens.

Nine indices printed for final field-by-field editing.

Writing of introductory sections of this paper begun.

May

New catalog printed, including 609 taxa, 615 collections, and 1,050 specimens.

New set of nine indices also produced.

Editing and updating of file continued.

Final prepublication edition of Catalog printed, along with indices, which included 606 taxa, 612 collections, and 1,059 specimens.

Final format of Catalog established after various tests with COBOL program.

Several types of computer paper tested.

June

Camera-ready copy of present Catalog and indices produced for Smithsonian Institution Press, including same data base as final catalog in May.

August

Manuscript and camera-ready copy of Catalogand indices sent to press.

The decision to use Carex for the trial publication was made in September 1970, exactly two years before the manuscript finally went to press. What is obvious from this chronology is that for every additional collaborating institution the preparation of a final catalog is delayed at least a few months. Under the best of circumstances, turnaround time between cycles of data-collecting, editing, and processing quickly add up to days, weeks, and months. Clearly, the task of creating a data base of this type is limitless ultimately, and definite bounds must be established if the dynamic process is ever to stand still long enough to yield meaningful products. Desirable as it would have been, therefore, to include many more herbaria in this Catalog, the line had to be drawn finally. If the Catalog had been closed off after the MO, NY, and US contributions, as originally planned, it would have gone to press a year earlier, in mid-1971. The addition of seven more herbaria, including several key ones, surely justifies the year’s delay, but it is doubtful that further delays could be justified at this time for any other herbaria. We believe that it is vitally important now to get the concept of the Type Register across to the botanical community through the medium of the Carex Catalog without further delay.

Use of Carex Catalog

The Carex Catalog consists of the “Catalog of Specimens” and cross-indices to the “Catalog of Specimens” by five different fields (descriptors): (1) “Author Index,” (2) “Publication-Date Index,” (3) “Collector Index,” (4) “Geographic Index,” and (5) “Herbarium Index.” (Hereafter the term “Catalog” is used for the “Catalog of Specimens” proper.) The Catalog is arranged alphabetically by taxon and includes the full unit-record for each taxon, as it is stored in the computer, except for the family and genus names, the data source codes, and several file-control dates and numbers. The family name and genus name, Cyperaceae and Carex, respectively, have been omitted because they are the same for all taxa and, printed at the top of each entry, would constitute unnecesary words that would tend only to hide the key words for alphabetization, the epithets. The Catalog is alphabetized, therefore, by the specific and infra-specific epithets.

The indices, in addition to providing access to the Catalog by other criteria than the taxonomic name, represent data files in their own right which may serve a user’s purpose without his ever taking recourse to the main Catalog. They are independent data files because they all include the name of the taxon and one or more other fields that place the key indexing field in the context of related data. The data source code has not been included record by record because it is usually OS; furthermore, the classification of sources has been in use for only a short time and was not used throughout the development of the Carex Catalog (see “Data Source Code”).

The Catalog provides citations of original athors and publications, data on type collections, and a list of type specimens known to exist in the ten herbaria surveyed—all subordinated to the taxonomic name. No taxa are included that are not represented by at least one specimen in at least one of the ten herbaria. The organization of the data in the paragraphed unit-entry is as follows:

SPECIFIC EPITHET/RANK/INFRASPECIFIC EPITHET/AUTHOR OF NAME, CITATION OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATION. DATE OF PUBLICATION.

COUNTRY: STATE OR PROVINCE: COUNTY: LOCALITY (COMMENT IF ANY) (COLLECTOR, COLLECTOR’S NUMBER. DATE OF COLLECTION)

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION/SHEET NUMBER/KIND OF TYPE

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc., for additional specimen]

COUNTRY [etc., for additional collection]

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc.]

The five indices are all cross-referenced to the Catalog by means of the specific epithet instead of a page or record number because the unit records in the Catalog are alphabetical by epithet, allowing for fast look-up. Space did not permit printing in-fraspecific epithets in four of the indices; therefore, the specific epithet is prefixed by an asterisk (*) if the record being cross-referenced is not the species itself but one of its infraspecific taxa. This device should permit the user to get to the desired entry almost as quickly as if the infraspecific epithet had been printed, as in the “Herbarium Index.” Content and format are more or less self-evident in each of the indices. It should be emphasized that these are only five of an almost infinite number of possible indices. Furthermore, they all were generated directly from the exact same data base from which the Catalog itself was produced and have identical data wherever content overlaps.

The purpose of the “Author Index” is to point to all taxa in the Catalog described by a particular author or combination of authors, and, therefore, the Index is alphabetized primarily by author and secondarily by specific epithet. Combinations of authors are alphabetized as combinations, not as individual authors, owing to present system limitations, A person interested in a particular taxon described by a particular author or author combination can learn quickly from the Index whether there is an entry in the Catalog for this taxon and then go to it. Persons wishing to study an author’s descriptions chronologically, by year of publication, would want to have this Index resequenced with the date rather than the epithet being the secondary sort-key.

The primary sort-key of the “Publication-Date Index” is the year of publication, from the oldest to the youngest, the actual range being from 1803 to 1971. Within each year the secondary sort-key is the specific epithet, which references an entry in the Catalog. This Index should be useful to those who are interested in nomenclatural priority in the genus or in tracing the historical development of knowledge about Carex. By itself, the Index, which includes the name of the author or author combination, is a chronological summary of the botanists who have described species in the genus as registered in the Catalog.

The “Collector Index” is in effect a list by collector of collections cited in the Catalog and provides a convenient means of checking any herbarium for type material of taxa recorded thus far in the Carex file of the Type Register. Under the name of each collector or combination of collectors are listed the numbers and dates of all collections in the Catalog, cross-referenced by the specific epithets. The name is the primary sort-key, and the specific epithet is the secondary sort-key. A variation of this Index would include a list of all herbaria in which the collector’s type specimens are deposited. In other words, the kind of guide to the location of types that A. S. Hitchcock and his colleagues were trying to compile directly in the 1930s (see “Introduction”) can be produced as a by-product of the Type Register data base. Some interesting observations can be made by comparing the “Collector Index” with the “Author Index.” It becomes clear at once, for example, that while some authors collected almost as many new taxa as they described, others described many more than they collected. Further examination indicates that this difference may reflect the difference between a floristic taxonomist like M. L. Fernald, who tended to describe his own species, and a monographic worker like K. K. Mackenzie, who described taxa from among specimens of many collectors amassed for a study of the genus.

The “Geographic Index” provides access to the collections of the Catalog primarily by country of origin and secondarily by state, province, or equivalent. The specific epithet, which is the cross-reference to the Catalog, is the tertiary sort-key. The value of this Index will be obvious at once to floristic workers who wish to know which taxa in their region are typified by specimens collected within the region, e.g., within the State of California.

The “Herbarium Index,” alphabetized in the first instance by institution, lists alphabetically by specific and infraspecific epithets under each of the ten institutions the taxa in the Catalog for which they hold type specimens. The herbarium sheet number, if there is one, and the kind of type are listed also. The sheet number is the tertiary sort-key. Many of the type designations have not been validated, and the problems of validating kind of type have been discussed at length earlier in this paper (pp. 8 and 19–21). For this reason many of the type specimens registered still carry the original designation of the herbarium submitting the data.

The following informal or archaic terms, which appear in the Catalog and in the “Herbarium Index” but which are not sanctioned by the ICBN, require brief definition of their meaning or apparent meaning in the Catalog. It should be pointed out, however, that the presence of a correct term (e.g., holotype, isotype) is no guarantee that it has been used correctly. A large number of the designations have been validated, and where the terminology seems to be used consistently within a collection, e.g., where one holotype and one or more isotypes are indicated, it can be assumed that the designations were validated.

rotype

Presumptive syntype or isosyntype, but may be isotype or paratype, if a type at all.

type

Presumptive holotype, but may be isotype, syntype, isosyntype, or paratype, if a type at all.

type collection

Term used in a proper sense tor a specimen of a single collection cited by original author without designating a holotype—in this sense, a syntype or isosyntype according to ICBN (see pp. 19–21) ; otherwise term flags a presumptive syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or even isotype, if a type at all.

type fragmen

Presumably fragment of the holotype, but may be fragment of isotype, syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or other kind of type, if of type at all.

type material

Presumptive type specimen of some kind—catchall term.

The Catalog and Indices were printed by computer directly from the data base, and not a single change has been made. What is presented here is exactly what was stored on the machine file as of 16 June 1972, with the exception of punctuation between fields which may have been added in the process of concatenation. Because the system provided only for printing in upper case letters, possibilities for variation of typography were limited. Boldfacing by overprinting the same words two or more times was used for the specific and infraspecific epithets, and in the process it was necessary also to boldface rank designators connecting epithets. Thus the taxon names stand out from the rest of the text and facilitate searching the Catalog. Insofar as practical, the standard conventions of punctuation in nomenclatural literature were used.

Errata

Several errors were detected in the Catalog after the camera-ready copy had been produced. By record number in the Catalog, these are:

No. 2. ABLATA BAILEY, L. H. The citation following the author’s name is to the place where the neotype is designated, because the original publication did not designate a type specimen, and the citation of Bailey’s original publication is cited as a parenthetic remark at the end of the geographic locality. To be consistent with the rest of the Catalog, however, where the citation after the author is always the citation of the original publication, the editors should have reversed the two citations in this record. As a result of this editorial error, Bailey in the “Author Index” and “Publication-Date Index” appears to have described C. ablata in 1935, when Mackenzie designated the neotype, rather than in 1888. This error does point up the problem of dealing with neotypes, however, and a certain logic can be advanced for either way of handling the two citations.

No. 99. CHIHUAHUAENSIS. Spell CHIHUAHUENSIS, omitting second “A.”

No. 418. PIRCHINCHENSIS. Spell PICHENCHENSIS, omitting “R.”

No. 424. PLUVICA. Spell PLUVIA, omitting “C.”

No. 446. PURPUREOVAGINATA. Spell PURPUREO-VAGINATA, inserting hyphen.

No. 448. PYCNOTHYSOS. Spell PYCNOTHYRSOS, inserting “R.”

No. 544. TENERA VAR. RICHII FERNALD, M. L. At the end of the geographic locality, MIDDLESEX FALLS should read MIDDLESEX FELLS.

No. 549. TERRAE-NOVAE FERNALD, M. L. The hyphen should be removed from the collector’s name GIL-BERT-JR., F.A. The practice of joining Jr. to the end of the collector’s or author’s last name by a hyphen in this manner was required by the specifications of the pilot processing system, but this requirement no longer obtains.

Note: Changes in spelling of specific epithets also apply wherever these epithets have appeared in the indices.

Statistical Summary of Catalog

606

taxa (species, subspecies — SSP, varieties — VAR, forms—FOR, nothomorphs—NM.)

612

collections

1,059

specimens (sheets)

CATALOG OF SPECIMENS

-A-

1. ABDITA BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:492. 1908.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND HILL (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 11 MAY 1904)

NY

TYPE

2. ABLATA BAILEY,L.H., N. AMER. FL. 18:314. 1935.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, MOUNT MARK; ALT. 2500 FT.; (ORIG. PUB.: BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.) (MACOUN,JOHN, 13401. 26 JUL 1887)

GH

ISONEOTYPE

NY

ISONEOTYPE

3. ABORIGINUM JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:69.1910.

USA: IDAHO: ADAMS CO.: INDIAN VALLEY; ALT. 2300 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 12 JUL 1899)

CAS

242617

ISOTYPE

DS

149709

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

4. ABRAMSII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:482. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY (ABRAMS,L., 2816. 31 JUL 1902)

DS

55317

ISOTYPE

F

186491

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

5. ABRUPTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:618. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: STIRLING CITY; ALT. 3000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 10820. 07 JUN 1913)

DS

64125

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

6. ABSCONDITA VAR. ROSTELLATA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA, 44:386. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: ISLE OF WIGHT CO.: LEE’S MILL (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12012. 08 JUN 1940)

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

2003161

TYPE COLLECTION

7. X ABSCONDITIFORMIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:387. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: NOTTOWAY RIVER, HUSKE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12969. 13 JUN 1941)

GH

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

1306480

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2003299

ISOTYPE

8. ACCEDENS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:457. 1903.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---. --- MAY 1880)

GH

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

9. ACROPHILA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:114. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9515. -- AUG 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

10. ACUTA VAR. PALLIDA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:166, PL.554.1867

USA: OREGON: “FORT COLVILLE TO ROCKY MOUNTAINS, WEST KOOTENAY” (LYALL,DAVID,---. -- ---1861)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

11. ACUTINA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:52. 1889.

USA: OREGON: DESCHUTES RIVER (HOWELL,T.J., 935. 09 MAY 1885)

F

206585

TYPE MATERIAL

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

25164

TYPE COLLECTION

US

817087

TYPE COLLECTION

12. ACUTIMELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:407. 1935.

USA: OREGON: -- (HENDERSON,L.F., 13. -- --- 1883)

US

27286

HOLOTYPE

13. ADUSTA VAR. GLOMERATA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:139. 1884.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: SALMON RIVER (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1872)

GH

SYNTYPE

14. AENEA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:480. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, FOREST HILLS HOUSE (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,C.E.,---. 23 JUN 1888)

GH

SYNTYPE

15. AEQUA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:86. 1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN MATEO CO.: SAN MATEO, CRYSTAL SPRINGS LAKE (BAKER,C.F., 811. 10 MAY 1902)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

16. AESTIVALIFORHIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:238. 1910.

USA: NEW JERSEY: PASSAIC CO.: GREENWOOD LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2676. 23 JUN 1907)

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

17. AESTIVALIS CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 42:28. 1841.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: -- (CURTIS,M.A., ---. -- JUL 1841)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

18. AGGLOMERATA MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:442. 1906.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

US

440179

TYPE COLLECTION

19. AGGREGATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)

NY

TYPE

20. AGROSTOIDES MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:607. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SOCORRO CO.: LUNA; ALT. 6500 FT. (WOOTON,E.O.,-- ---. 28 JUL 1900)

US

617798

TYPE

US

694342

TYPE

21. ALATA TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:396. 1836.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: CRAVEN CO.: NEW BERN (CROOM,H.B., ---.-- --- 1834)

NY

SYNTYPE

22. ALATA VAR. FERRUGINEA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:477, PL.2. 1902.

USA: OHIO: -- (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. --)

GH

HOLOTYPE

23. ALBIDA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SANTA ROSA CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- --- 1853-1854)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

24. ALBO-NIGRA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: PARK CO.: NEEDLE MOUNTAIN (CARY,M., 613. 11 JUL 1910)

US

858947

TYPE COLLECTION

25. ALMA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:50. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: - (PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G., 396. -- --- 1876)

CAS

497554

ISOTYPE

NY

SOTYPE

26. ALOPECOIDEA TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 18. 1843.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., -- -. --)

F

32699

ISOTYPE

F

32700

ISOTYPE

F

56916

ISOTYPE

F

349624

ISOTYPE

F

373673

ISOTYPE

F

373679

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

27. ALOPECOIDEA VAR. SPARSI-SPICATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:350. 1849.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., 74. ---)

CAS

553879

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

28. AMPHIBOLA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND, T., 437. -- -)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

29. AMPHIBOLA VAR. TURGIDA FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 44:311. 1942.

USA: NEW YORK: TOMPKINS CO.: ITHACA (WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C., 1915. 15 JUN 1914)

GH

HOLOTYPE

30. AMPLISQUAMA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:158. 1955.

USA: GEORGIA: GILMER CO.: CHATSWORTH (PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R., 2951. 15 MAY 1938)

US

2231424

TYPE

31. ANGUSTIOR MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: - (STEELE,E.S., ---. -- --- 1896)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

32. ANGUSTIOR VAR. GRACILENTA CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., RHODORA 41:30. 1939.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: INGLEBY (CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., 2532. 06 JUN 1937)

GH

TYPE

33. ANTHOXANTHERA PRESL,K.B., REL. HAENK. 3:203. 1828.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)

US

865058

TYPE

34. APERTA BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: WASHINGTON: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

35. APERTA VAR. UMBROSA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12347. ---)

CAS

242962

ISOTYPE

36. APERTA VAR. VIRIDANS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12348. 15 SEP-23 OCT 1927)

CAS

242961

SYNTYPE

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12359. 23 OCT 1927)

CAS

242960

SYNTYPE

37. APODA CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:88, PL.2. 1922.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: MACKAY (NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F., 1533. 01 AUG 1911)

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

905439

HOLOTYPE

38. APOOOSTACHYA OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:188. 1934.

TAIWAN: -: MOUNT NANKO-TAISAN (OHWI,J., 4182. -- JUL 1933)

F

1464064

TYPE MATERIAL

39. AQUATILIS WAHLENBERG,G., KONGL. VETENSK. ACAD. NYA HANDL. 24:165. 1803.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

40. AQUATILIS VAR. SUBSTRICTA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:309. 1909.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)

CAS

554019

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

41. ARAPAHOENSIS CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:83. 1919.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: MOUNT ARAPAHOE; ALT. 11700 FT. (CLOKEY,I.W., 3227. 29 JUL 1918)

CAS

102030

ISOTYPE

DS

109019

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

905436

HOLOTYPE

42. ARCTAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:97. 1931.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: ELGIN (HENRY,J.K., 9152. C4 JUN 1915)

NY

TYPE

43. ARCTICA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

44. ARGYRANTHA TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 29:346. 1860.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: AMHERST (TUCKERMAN,E., -----)-

GH

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

45. ARISTATA VAR. LONGO-LANCEOLATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: BAD LANDS (“MAUVAIS TERRES”) (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. -- --- 1853)

GH

HOLOTYPE

46. ARSENII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

MEXICO: MICHOACAN: MORELIA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 3054. 16 JUL 1909)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1030011

TYPE COLLECTION

47. ARTITECTA VAR. SUBTILIROSTRIS HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:79. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: VERMILLION CO.: CLINTON (DEAM,C.C., 54764. 05 MAY 1934)

GH

HOLOTYPE

48. ASSINIBOINENSIS BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:91. 1884.

CANADA: MANITOBA: ASSINIBOINE RAPIDS (MACOUN,JOHN, 52. 14 JUN 1879)

GH

SYNTYPE

49. ATHABASCENSIS HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:111. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, ATHABASCA RIVER, ATHABASCA FALLS (HERMANN,F.J., 13498. 28 AUG 1956)

US

2265958

HOLOTYPE

50. ATHROSTACHYA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:393. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6213. 17 JUN 1863)

NY

SYNTYPE

US

319165

SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1650. 17 JUN 1863)

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

51. ATRACTODES HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:283. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: COMITAN (SHARP,A.J., 45450. 29 APR 1945)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2133192

TYPE

52. ATROFUSCA VAR. OECOLORATA PORSILD,A. E., SARGENTIA 4:20. 1943.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE, CAPE MCDONNELL (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 5120. 02 AUG 1928)

US

2096188

ISOTYPE

53. ATROSQUAMA MACKENZIE,K.K., PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 25:51. 1912.

CANADA: ALBERTA: SMOKY RIVER (HOLLISTER,N., 14. 05 AUG 1911)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

622651

HOLOTYPE

54. AUREA VAR. ANDROGYNA OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 371. 1871.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)

NY

ISOTYPE

55. AUROLENSIS STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 431. -- ---1832)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

56. AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. --)

MO

1834152

HOLOTYPE

57. AUSTROMONTANA PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:108, PL.15. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: MILL CREEK FALLS; ALT. 6000 FT. (PARISH,S.B., 2485. 03 JUL 1892)

DS

489410

HOLOTYPE

58. AUTUMNALIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:66. 1931.

MEXICO: MEXICO: FLOR DE MARIA (PRINGLE,C.G., 4275. 03 OCT 1892)

F

264169

ISOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

US

817295

HOLOTYPE

59. AZTECICA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:229. 1935.

MEXICO: OAXACAi SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 2300 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

60. AZUAYAE STEYERMARK,J.A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:337. 1964.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53105. 15 JUN 1943)

F

1266184

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1933437

ISOTYPE

-B-

61. BACKANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:250. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51'N., 106 13'W.) (RICHARDSON,J., 417. ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

62. BACKII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:210. 1839 (“1840”).

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

63. BALTZELLII CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:335. 1847.

USA: FLORIDA: BEAR CREEK (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)

NY

COTYPE

64. BAMBUSETORUM MERRILL,E.D., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 13:132. 1918.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (MERRILL,E.D., 10985. 12 AUG 1917)

US

2333748

ISOTYPE

65. BANKSII BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:119. 1846.

ARGENTINA: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TERRITORY): TIERRA DEL FUEGO (BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER,D.C., ---. -- --- 1769)

MO

1611724

SYNTYPE

US

1232938

SYNTYPE

66. BARBARAE DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):231. 1859.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SANTA BARBARA (PARRY,C.C., ---. -- --- 1850)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

67. BARRATTII SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY.J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:361. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAPE MAY CO.: CAPE MAY (COLLINS,Z., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

68. BARTLETTII O’NEILL,H.T., PUBL. CARNEGIE INST. WASH. 522:255. 1940.

BRITISH HONDURAS: CAYO: MOUNT PINE RIDGE (BARTLETT,H.H., 11718A. 24 FEB 1931)

F

999642

TYPE MATERIAL

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

69. BAYARDI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:71. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22 JUN 1936)

GH

HOLOTYPE

70. BILTMOREANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:234. 1910.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: SATULA MOUNTAIN (---, 268B. 25 MAY 1897)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

71. BIPARTITA VAR. AUSTRONONTANA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:16. 963.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: NEDERLAND, NOWIT RIDGE; ALT. 11500 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 17059. 15 AUG 1961)

CAS

430881

ISOTYPE

72. BONANZENSIS BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:160. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 8 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

73. BONPLANOII VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., PROC. ACAD. NAT. SCI. PHILADELPHIA 1863:77. 1863.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 591. -- ---1862)

F

314869

ISOTYPE

F

456934

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

74. BRACHYPODA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1455. 11 SEP 1902)

US

415269

TYPE COLLECTION

75. BRAINEROII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:534. 1913.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SLIPPERY FORD (BRAINERD,E., 121. 19 JUL 1897)

US

964504

TYPE COLLECTION

76. BREVICAULIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:547. 1913.

USA: OREGON: LINCOLN CO.: YAQUINA BAY (HOWELL,T.J., 2994. --- MAY 1886)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

77. BREVIS BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:111. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): OWEN STANLEY RANGE, MOUNT ALBERT EDWARD; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 4418. -- MAY-JUL 1933)

A

ISOTYPE

78. BREVISQUAMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:152. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: SWEETWATER CO.: RED DESERT, ORENDO BUTTE (NELSON,A., 7124. 11 JUN 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

79. BREWER BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:142, PL.455. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (BREWER,W.H., 1422. -- ---1863)

GH

ISOTYPE

80. BRONGNIARTII VAR. DENSA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:137. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARK WEST CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- -. -- 1853-1854)

NY

SYNTYPE

81. BRUNNEA VAR. SUBTEIOGYNA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8 1910

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), MOUNT PULOG (MERRILL,E.D., 6505. -- MAY 1909)

US

711129

TYPE

82. BUCKLEYI DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:143. 1845.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---.--- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

83. BULBOSTYLIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:617. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: FORT WORTH (RUTH,A., 360. 12 APR 1913)

MO

710112

TYPE COLLECTION

US

587668

TYPE COLLECTION

84. BURCHELLIAMA BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:234. 1877.

SOUTH AFRICA: --: -- (BURCHELL,W.J., 1911. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

85. BUSHII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:241. 1910.

USA: ARKANSAS: HEMPSTEAD CO.: FULTON (BUSH,B.F., 2514. 30 APR 1905)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-C-

86. CAESARIENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:440. 1935.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAMDEN CO.: LAUREL SPRINGS (LONG,B., F23212. 15 JUN 1920)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

87. CALIFORNICA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4741. 01 MAY 1866)

CAS

383776

TYPE COLLECTION

DS

49734

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

29741

TYPE COLLECTION

US

319268

TYPE COLLECTION

88. CAMPLYOCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:304. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1457. 11 SEP 1902)

US

690937

TYPE COLLECTION

89. CAMPYLOCARPA SSP. AFFINIS MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., LEAFL. W. BOT. 4:262. 1946.

USA: UTAH: JUAB CO.: DEEP CREEK RANGE, INDIAN FARM CREEK (MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., 21947. 16 JUL 1943)

CAS

334353

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

1885701

ISOTYPE

90. CANESCENS VAR. OISJUNCTA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:488, PL.5. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: VICTORIA CO.: SERPENTINE RIVER (HAY,G.U., 84. 24 JUL 1900)

GH

PARATYPE

91. CANESCENS VAR. DUBIA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:119. 1884.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER CANYON; ALT. 10000 FT. (WATSON,S., 1231A. -- AUG 1869)

NY

ISOTYPE

92. CANESCENS VAR. SPHAEROSTACHYA TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 19. 1843.

USA: --: NEW ENGLAND (---, --. -- ---1843)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

93. CAREYANA TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:60. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: CAYUGA CO.: AUBURN (CAREY,J., ---. -- MAY 1832)

NY

HOLOTYPE

94. CAROLINIANA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

95. CEPHALOPHORA VAR. MAXIMA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 3:92.1842.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE

96. CHALCIOLEPIS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:21,28. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 226. -- AUG 1899)

GH

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

US

368814

SYNTYPE

97. CHAPMANI SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 19:254. 1855.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., 113. ---)

CAS

553918

ISOTYPE

US

28433

ISOTYPE

98. CHIAPENSIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 19:68. 1967.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: CHAMULA (BREEDLOVE,D.E., 6714. 30 JUL 1964)

F

1620435

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2460272

HOLOTYPE

99. CHIHUAHUAENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:265 1908.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: PUERTA DE ST. DIEGO; ALT. 6500 FT. (HARTMAN,C.V., 620. 12 APR 1891)

F

49642

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

306281

ISOTYPE

100. CHIKUNGANA BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: HUPEH AND HONAN: CHIKUNGSHAN (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 13 JUN 1917)

NY

TYPE

101. CILIARIS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: LENA STATION (PRINGLE,C.G., 10039. 26 AUG 1905)

CAS

232050

ISOTYPE

CAS

445943

ISOTYPE

F

202021

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

462090

ISOTYPE

102. CINNAMOMEA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: RED MOUNTAIN (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. --- ---1866)

CAS

553874

TYPE FRAGMENT

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

US

28457

TYPE COLLECTION

US

319228

TYPE COLLECTION

103. CIRCINNATA MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:209, PL.6. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDSt UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. --- )

GH

ISOTYPE

104. CLADOSTACHYA VAR. MAXIMA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:268. 1909.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2210. ---)

US

350077

TYPE COLLECTION

105. CLIVICOLA FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A., RHODORA 33:233. 1931.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: MOUNT SAINT PIERRE (FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L., 2411. 05 JUL 1931)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

1839933

ISOTYPE

106. COLLECTA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:314. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: WORTHINGTON (DEWEY,C.,---. -- )

GH

HOLOTYPE

107. COLUMBIANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:62. 1836.

USA: --: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. --- )

NY

HOLOTYPE

108. COMANS VAR. STRICTA CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 24:415. 1892.

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, LAKE TEKAPO; ALT. 250P FT. (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)

US

2038822

TYPE COLLECTION

109. COMMUNIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:41. 1889.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 108. -- --- 1848)

CAS

553913

SYNTYPE

110. CONCINNOIOES MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:440. 1906.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: COLUMBIA FALLS (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 07 JUN 1893)

NY

TYPE

111. CONFERTIFLORA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. -- JUN 1855)

US

27235

TYPE MATERIAL

112. CONJUNCTA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:122, PL.392. 1862.

USA: OHIO: FRANKLIN CO.: COLUMBUS (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. ---)

CAS

383550

SYNTYPE

GH

SYNTYPE

113. CONSPECTA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:294. 1935.

MEXICO: PUEBLA: PUEBLA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 1359. 01 AUG 1907)

US

1032323

HOLOTYPE

114. COMSTANCEANA STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:123. 1938.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADOO”), WODEN VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 6864. 16 AUG 1909)

CAS

242987

HOLOTYPE

DS

269649

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

115. CONVOLUTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:428. 1916.

USA: NEW JERSEY: MORRIS CO.: BUDD’S LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2088., 10 JUN 1906)

NY

TYPE

116. COOLEYI DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:144. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

117. COSTATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: NORTHAMPTON CO.: EASTON (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---, ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

118. CRANDALLII GANDOGER,M., BULL. SOC. BOT. FRANCE 66:295. 1920.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: GRAYS PEAK (JONES,M.E., 834. 28 AUG 1878)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

119. CRAWFORDII FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:469, PL.l. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: COOS CO.: MOUNT WASHINGTON, BETWEEN MARSHFIELD AND CRAWFORDS (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 06 JUL 1878)

GH

SYNTYPE

120. CRAWFORDII VAR. VIGENS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:470, PL.l. 1902.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: EAST GASPE (MACOUN,JOHN, 6. 01 AUG 1882)

GH

SYNTYPE

121. CREBRIFLORA WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 24:197. 1922.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: APPALACHICOLA RIVER, CHATTAHOOCHEE (CURTISS,A.H., 3267. -- SEP 1882)

F

26304

TYPE MATERIAL

GH

TYPE

NY

TYPE

122. CRINITA VAR. BREVICRINIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 48:54. 1946.

USA: VIRGINIA: DINWIDDIE CO.: ROWANTA (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 8143. 08 JUN 1938)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

278555

ISOTYPE

123. CRINITA VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 1:18. 1858.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 78. ---)

CAS

553883

TYPE COLLECTION

124. CRINITA VAR. SIMULANS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. PORTLAND SOC. NAT. HIST. 2:135. 1897.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: GREENVILLE (FERNALD,M.L., 264. 04 JUL 1894)

GH

SYNTYPE

US

278555

SYNTYPE

125. CRISTATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: -- (---, ---. --- )

GH

ISOTYPE

126. CRUS-CORVI SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G., SUPPL. SCHKUHR’S RIEDGR. 128, PL.32. 1844.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 432. -- --- 1832)

GH

ISOTYPE

127. CRUS-CORVI VAR. VIRGINIANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 39:393, PL.476. 1937.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22-23 JUN 1936)

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

1108572

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1682487

ISOTYPE

128. CRYPTOLEPIS MACKENZIE,K.K., TORREYA 14:157. 1914.

USA: NEW JERSEY: SUSSEX CO.: WHITE POND (MACKENZIE,K.K., 4645. 26 JUN 1910)

NY

TYPE

129. CUBENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:220. 1926.

CUBA: ORIENTE: PICO TURGUINO (EKMAN,E.L., 14506. 21 JUL 1922)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1302602

TYPE COLLECTION

130. CUBENSIS VAR. FLACCIDA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926.

HAITI: --: -- (EKMAN,E.L., ---. 08 AUG 1925)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

131. CUCHUMATANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:62. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA; ALT. 3400-3500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48347. 07 JUL 1942)

F

1128952

HOLOTYPE

132. CULMENICOLA STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:65, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, EASTERN PEAK; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62605. 06 MAY 1945)

F

1266170

HOLOTYPE

133. CUMULATA FOR. SOLUTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:285. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: QUEENS CO.: BROAD RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H., 20311. 16 AUG 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

134. CUNEATA OHWI,J., MEM. COLL. SCI. KYOTO IMP. UNIV., SER.B, BIOL. 6:256. 1931.

JAPAN: AOMORI (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), AOMORI (KINASHI,N., ---. -- JUL 1909)

F

1406416

TYPE MATERIAL

135. CURATORIUM STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:13. 1937.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK, KAIBAB TRAIL TO ROARING SPRINGS (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 1101. 23 JUN 1933)

CAS

204973

SYNTYPE

CAS

204974

SYNTYPE

136. CUSICKII MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 72. 1915.

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)

NY

SYNTYPE

-D-

137. OANAENSIS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:166. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14546. 11 AUG 1938)

CAS

259874

ISOTYPE

CAS

259875

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

US

1765700

ISOTYPE

138. DAVYI MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:606. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: TRUCKEE RIVER (BURT-DAVY,J., 3266. 25-30 JUN 1897)

GH

ISOTYPE

JEPS

2511

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

50814

HOLOTYPE

139. X DEANII HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:81. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: PIKE CO.: OTWELL (HERMANN,F.J., 6147. 05 JUL 1934)

F

751055

ISOTYPE

140. DEBILIFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:244. 1910.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: -- (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. -- - -- 1866)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

141. OEBILIS VAR. INTERCURSA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:307, PL.713. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: ORION (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12016. 13 JUN 1940)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

2003164

ISOTYPE

142. DEBILIS VAR. PUBERA GRAY,A., MAN. BOT. ED.5, 593. 1867.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: BEAR MEADOWS (PORTER,T.C., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

143. OEVIA CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 15:301. 1883.

NEW ZEALAND: NELSON (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, NELSON (CHEESEMAN,T.F., 83. -- JAN 1882)

GH

ISOTYPE

144. DEWEYANA VAR. COLLECTANEA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 15:93. 1913.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: CASCAPEDIA RIVER, GRAND CASCAPEDIA (WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.,---. 12-15 JUL 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

145. OEWEYANA VAR. SPARSIFLORA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: OREGON: MARION CO.: SALEM (HALL,E., 580. -- --- 1871)

F

455703

TYPE COLLECTION

F

1429766

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

146. DIGITALIS VAR. ASYMMETRICA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:544. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: APPLEWHITE CHURCH (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 11791. 08 MAY 1940)

CAS

336835

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

1306423

ISOTYPE

US

2003133

ISOTYPE

147. DIGITALIS VAR. GLAUCA CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 541. 1860.

USA: FLORIDA: MIDDLE FLORIDA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. -- --- 1842)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

969118

TYPE COLLECTION

148. DIGITALIS VAR. MACROPODA FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 40:400, PL.511. 1938.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: -- (FERNALD,M.L. ANO LONG,B., 7767. 08 APR 1938)

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

1129747

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1761151

ISOTYPE

149. OIVERSISTYLIS ROACH,A.W., MADRONO 11:277. 1952.

USA: OREGON: LINN CO.: CLEAR LAKE JUNCTION (ROACH,A.W., 202. 10 JUN 1949)

CAS

372834

ISOTYPE

150. DONNELL-SMITHII BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

GUATEMALA: ALTA VERAPAZ: PANSAMALA; ALT. 3800 FT. (SMITH,J.D. ANO TURCKHEIM,H., 659. -- JUN 1885)

US

817314

TYPE COLLECTION

151. OOUGLASII VAR. DENSISPICATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:41. 1861.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., 580. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

152. DUDLEYI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:30. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: TASSAJARA HOT SPRINGS (ELMER,A.D.E., 3132. --- JUN 1901)

DS

145619

HOLOTYPE

DS

629609

ISOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

153. X DUMANII LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:143, FIG.4. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: VIEUX-COMPTOIR (LEPAGE,E., 32078. 30 JUL 1954)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

2176489

ISOTYPE

154. DURANDII BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:189. 1896.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3376. 19 JAN 1891)

CAS

351155

ISOTYPE

US

579795

TYPE MATERIAL

155. DUR IFOLIA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

156. DUTILLYI O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M., RHODORA 43:413, PL.669. 1941.

CANADA: MANITOBA: CHURCHILL RIVER, CHURCHILL (DUMAN,M., 1506. 08 AUG 1938)

GH

ISOTYPE

-E-

157. EASTWOOOIANA STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:121. 1938.

USA: OREGON: GRANT CO.: DIXIE MOUNTAIN ( HENDERSON,L. F., 5583. 25 JUL 1925)

CAS

130386

HOLOTYPE

DS

144009

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

158. EBENEA RYDBERG,P.A., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 28:266. 1901.

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: PIKES PEAK (CLEMENTS,F.,---. -- --- 1900)

NY

TYPE

159. ECHINATA VAR. ORMANTHA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:483, PL.4. 1902.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, STRAWBERRY CREEK (BRAINERD,E., 160. 18 JUL 1897)

GH

HOLOTYPE

160. EGGERTII BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:6. 1896.

USA: MISSOURI: BUTLER CO.: - - (EGGERT,H., ---. 08 AUG 1893)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

161. EGGLESTONII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:614. 1915.

USA: COLORADO: GUNNISON CO.: MOUNT CARBON, KEBLER PASS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6181. 22 AUG 191C)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

857864

TYPE

162. EGGLESTONII VAR. FESTIVELLIFORNIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 12:78. 1960.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (SCHNEIDER,R.A., 954. 25 JUL 1938)

US

2466328

HOLOTYPE

163. EGREGIA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:414. 1915.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5181. 15 JUL 1905)

DS

284598

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

164. EKHANII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926. HAITI: OUEST: PETIONVILLE (EKMAN,E.L., H1453. 12 AUG 1924)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

1411790

COTYPE

165. EKHANII VAR. HOTTENSIS KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L., ARK. BOT. 22A(17):9. 1929.

HAITI:. --: MORNE CALUMETTE; ALT. 1200-1300 M. (EKMAN,E.L., H10662. 14 SEP 1928)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

1414090

TYPE COLLECTION

166. ELBERTANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 31:3. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: LAKE CO.: MOUNT ELBERT (KELSO,L., 4967. CI AUG 1945)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

167. ELEOCHARIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: SASKATCHEWAN PLAINS (MACOUN,JOHN, 1665. 12 AUG 1872)

GH

ISOTYPE

168. ELMERI KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), BAGUIO (ELMER,A.D.E., 8444. -- MAR 1907)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

US

854950

TYPE MATERIAL

169. ELRODI JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:70. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: BEAVERHEAD CO.: MONIDA (JONES,M.E., -- ---. 08 JUL 1909)

DS

149706

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1531248

TYPE MATERIAL

170. ELYNOIDES HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 9:356. 1900.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK; ALT. 12000 FT. (BAKER,C.F., 230. -- AUG 1899)

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

US

368818

TYPE COLLECTION

171. ENGELMANNI BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:132. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: MOUNT FLORA, “PROBABLY NEAR COLORADO SPRINGS” (ENGELMANN,G., ---. -- --- 1874)

GH

HOLOTYPE

172. EPAPILLOSA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 138, 1060. 1917.

USA: UTAH: PIUTE CO.: MARYSVALE (JONES,M.E., 5345. 01 JUN 1874)

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

270933

ISOTYPE

173. EREMOSTACHYA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:99. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 10255. -- OCT 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

174. ERXLEBENIANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 51:1. 1950.

USA: COLORADO: GILPIN CO.: ROLLINSVILLE (KELSO,L., 6362. 24 JUL 1948)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

175. EURYCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1284. 26 JUN 1886)

CAS

242957

SYNTYPE

176. EURYCARPA VAR. ATTENUATA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 11551. 21 AUG 1924)

CAS

246772

TYPE COLLECTION

177. EURYSTACHYA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:109. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, MOUNT EDITH CAVELL, CAVELL LAKE (HERMANN,F.J., 13529. 28 AUG 1956)

CAS

401490

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

US

2265959

HOLOTYPE

178. EXPLORATORUM NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 108. 1938.

MALAYSIA: SABAH (TERRITORY): MOUNT KINABALU; ALT. 4000 FT.; (COUNTRY AS “BORNEO”) (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 34297. 28 JUL 1933)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

179. X EXSALINA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:133. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PIAGOCHIWI RIVER (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32793. 29 AUG 1954)

US

2176495

ISOTYPE

-F-

180. FARGESII FRANCHET,A., BULL. SOC. PHILOM. PARIS SER.8, 7:34. 1895.

CHINA: SZECHWAN: TCHEN-KEOU-TIN (FARGES,R.P., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

1123660

ISOTYPE

181. FELIPENSIS CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:84. 1908.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4838. 25 AUG 1894)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

182. FENOLERIANA BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 39:135. 1875.

USA: NEW MEXICO: -- (FENDLER,A., 878. -- --- 1847)

MO

1816497

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE

183. FESTIVA OEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE (“BEAR LAKE”) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

184. FESTIVA VAR. DECUHBENS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:20,26. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. --- AUG 1899)

F

122779

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

185. FESTIVA VAR, STRICTA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:51. 1889

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073. -- --- 1868-1869)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

186. FESTIVELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:609. 1915.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: --- (NELSON,A., 3275. 02 JUL 1897)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

187. FETA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:417. 1893.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE SPRING (BOLANDER,H.N., 50. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

188. FILIFOLIA VAR. EROSTRATA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENF 4, FAM.20:86. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: ECHO LAKE (BRAINERD,E., 111. 11 JUL 1897)

GH

ISOTYPE

189. FISSA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:64. 1931.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CREEK CO.: SAPULPA (BUSH,B.F., 1043. 18 MAY 1895)

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

190. FISSA VAR. ARISTATA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 67:198. 1965.

USA: FLORIDA: SEMINOLE CO.: OVIEDO (RAY,J.D.; WOOD,CE.; SMITH,A.C AND EATON,R.J., 10750. 26 APR 1961)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2449506

ISOTYPE

191. FISSURICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:53. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: RUBY MOUNTAINS, HUMBOLDT RIVER (HELLER,A.A., 9429. 11 AUG 1908)

CAS

234898

ISOTYPE

192. FLACCIOULA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:199. 1855.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., 55. -- ---1835)

NY

TYPE

193. FLACCIFOLIA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SOUTHWEST (PART) (GRANT,G.B., ---. 01 MAY 1902)

US

468192

TYPE

194. FLACCOSPERMA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:245. 1846.

USA: FLORIDA: CAMP SABINE (LEAVENWORTH,M.C., ---. -- --- 1846)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

195. FLAVA VAR. GASPENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:200. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: BONAVENTURE RIVER, BETWEEN BALDE AND BAIE DES CHALEURS (COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S., ---. 05-08 AUG 1904)

GH

HOLOTYPE

196. FLAVA VAR. RECTIROSTRA GAUDIN,J.F.G.P., FL. HELV. 6:97. 1830.

SWITZERLAND: VALAIS (CANTON): ZERMATT (---, ---. -- AUG 1827)

GH

ISOTYPE

197. FOENEA VAR. PERPLEXA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:27. 1889

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1871)

GH

ISOTYPE

198. FORMOSA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER. 1, 8:98. 1824.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)

CAS

102307

ISOTYPE

CAS

383156

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

199. FRACTA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:38. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 23 AUG 1881)

US

817810

HOLOTYPE

200. FRANKLINII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:217, PL.218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

201. FULVESCENS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:239. 1910.

ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON: --: MIQUELON (ISLAND), LANGLADE (ARSENE,L.(FRERE),---. 28 JUL 1902)

NY

TYPE

202. FUSCOLUTEA BOECKELER,J.O., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 7:278. 1886.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: --- (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 221. -- --- 1877)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

397187

TYPE COLLECTION

203. FUSCOTINCTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:478. 1909. MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)

NY

TYPE

US

251773

TYPE COLLECTION

US

817237

TYPE COLLECTION

-G-

204. GARBERI FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 37:253. 1935.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

63525

TYPE MATERIAL

205. GARBERI VAR. BIFARIA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 37:253. 1935.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: WEST GASPE, SAINTE ANNE DES MONTS (COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03-17 AUG 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

206. GAYANA VAR. HYALINA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:135. 1886 (“1887”).

MEXICO: SONORA: SONORA (THURBER,G., 652. ---)

NY

TYPE

207. GEOPHILA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:546. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6584. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911)

US

660800

TYPE

208. GEYERI BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:118. 1846.

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (GEYER,C.A., 332. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

209. GLAREOSA VAR. AHPHIGENA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:47. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: ESCUMINAC BAY,ESCUMINAC FERNALD,M.L., ---. 28 JUN 1904)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

210. GLAUCODEA TUCKERMAN.E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395. 1868.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: MOUNT HOLYOKE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. -- JUN 1864)

GH

ISOTYPE

211. GRACILIOR MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:614. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE (BOLANDER,H.N., 3822. -- APR 1864)

CAS

103033

ISOTYPE

DS

145620

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

US

319177

ISOTYPE

212. GRACILLIMA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: -- (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

213. GRIFFITHII BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:138. 1846. AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITH,W., 78(KEW 6074). ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

214. GRISEA VAR. RIGIDA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: BUCKS CO.: SELLERSVILLE (FRETZ,C.O., ---. -- --- 1884)

GH

HOLOTYPE

215. GUATEMALENSIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 23:145. 1971.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJIAH ANO CHEMAL; ALT. 3380 M. (BEAMAN,J.H., 3880. 31 JUL 1960)

GH

HOLOTYPE

216. GYMNOCLADA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:424. 1902.

USA: OREGON: HURRICANE CREEK; BOGS AT 6000 FT. (CUSICK,W.C., 2487. 28 AUG 1900)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

ISOTYPE

217. GYNODYNAMA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4700. -- ---1866)

CAS

383986

ISOTYPE

DS

49500

ISOTYPE

DS

490408

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

-H-

218. HAGIANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 30:2. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: HAGUES PEAKS (KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H., 525. 08 AUG 1936)

CAS

328017

ISOTYPE

219. HALEI DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: MISSISSIPPI RIVER (LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D., 683. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

220. HALLIANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:117. 1884.

USA: OREGON: --- (HALL,E., 606. ----------- 1871)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

221. HALLII OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V., ANN. REP. U.S. GEOL. SURV. TERR. 5:496. 1872.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 617. -- --- 1862)

F

314892

SYNTYPE

F

456958

SYNTYPE

GH

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

US

29651

SYNTYPE

USA: IDAHO: PLEASANT VALLEY (PORTER,T.C., ---. 26-29 JUN 1871)

NY

SYNTYPE

222. HALSEYANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:313. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E.,---.---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

223. HARFORDII MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:615. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073.-- --- 1868-869)

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

28685

ISOTYPE

224. HARPERI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:181. 1906.

USA: GEORGIA: JEFFERSON CO.: LOUISVILLE, ROCKY COMFORT CREEK (HARPER,R.M., 2109. 09 APR 1904)

F

176870

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

225. HASSEI BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, SAN ANTONIO CANYON; ALT. 4500 FT. (HASSE,H.E., ---. -- JUL 1894)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

226. HATUSIMANA OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:196. 1934.

TAIWAN: FUKIEN: KAOHSIUNG (“TAKAO”), DAIJURIN (OHWI,J., 329. -- MAR 1933)

F

1411493

TYPE MATERIAL

227. HAYDENIANA OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 366. 1871.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (BOLANDER,H.N., 5074. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

228. HAYDENII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:103. 1854.

USA: SOUTH DAKOTA: STANLEY CO.: FORT PIERRE (HAYDEN,F.V., 21.-- --- 1853-1854)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

229. HEBETATA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:172, PL.583. 1867.

PERU: LIMA: OBRAGILIA, NEAR LIMA (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED.,---.-- --- 1838-1842)

GH

HOLOTYPE

230. HELLERI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:80. 1922.

USA: NEVADA: WASHOE CO.: MOUNT ROSE (HELLER,A.A., 9975. 23 JUL 1910)

F

283119

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE

US

509004

ISOTYPE

231. HEPBURNII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:209, PL.207.1839 (“1840”).

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS, SOUTH PARK (DRUMMOND,T., 256.---)

GH

SYNTYPE

232. HETERONEURA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:239. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.03 AUG--- )

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

US

28206

TYPE COLLECTION

233. HETEROSTACHYA TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: MICHIGAN: CHIPPEWA CO.: DRUMMOND ISLAND (TORREY,J., 03 AUG 1839)

NY

TYPE

234. HINDSII VAR. BREVIGLUMA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:307. 1909.

USA: IDAHO: BONNER CO.: HOPE (SANDBERG,J.H., 933. 20 AUG 1892)

NY

ISOTYPE

235. HIRSUTA VAR. CUSPIDATA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 758.1861.

USA: ILLINOIS: -- (VASEY,G.,---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

236. HITCHCOCKIANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:274. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DAVIS,E.,---. -- --- 1823)

GH

HOLOTYPE

237. HOLMIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:481.1909.

USA: MONTANA: JOHN’S LAKE (VREELAND,F.K., 1121. 19 AUG 1901)

NY

TYPE

238. HOODII VAR. NERVOSA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:14. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)

CAS

103098

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

239. HOODII VAR. NEUROCARPA PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:167.1906.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)

CAS

103098

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

240. HOOKERANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:248. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

241. HORMATHODES FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:165. 1906.

USA: RHODE ISLAND: PROVIDENCE CO.: PROVIDENCE (OLNEY,S.T., ---. 01 JUL 1867)

GH

SYNTYPE

242. HORNSCHUCHIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.,RHODORA 13:130. 1911.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

243. HOSTIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K,M., RHODORA 26:122. 1924.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

244. HOUGHTONIANA TORREY, J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MINNESOTA: CLEARWATER CO.: LAKE ITASCA (“LAKE LA BICHE, NEAR SOURCES OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER”) (HOUGHTON,D., ---. 13 JUL 1832)

NY

HOLOTYPE

245. HUEHUETECA STANOLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER. 23:195. 1947.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CANANA; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 49055. 18 JUL 1942)

F

1128957

HOLOTYPE

246. HYMENODON OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:298. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), OSAWAMURA IN SHIMOTSUKE (SEKIMOTO,H., ---. 15 JUL 1932)

F

1463659

TYPE MATERIAL

-I-

247. ICHANGENSIS CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:290. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 7860. -- --- 1885-1888)

US

802160

TYPE MATERIAL

248. IDAHOA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: IDAHO: BEAVER CANYON (RYDBERG,P.A., 2339. 07 AUG 1895)

US

235568

TYPE COLLECTION

US

235569

TYPE COLLECTION

249. IGNOTA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:348. 1849.

USA: LOUISIANA: RAPIDES PARISH: ALEXANDRIA (HALE,D., 97. ---)

CAS

553902

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

250. ILLINOEMSIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:245. 1847.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

251. ILLOTA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:15. 1889.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 591. --- ---1862)

F

314869

ISOTYPE

F

456934

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

252. INCISO-DENTATA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:189. 1855.

CHILE: --: --.( LECHLER, W., 1136. -- OCT 1852)

GH

ISOTYPE

253. INCOMPERTA BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:494. 1908.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: NANTUCKET CO.: NANTUCKET ISLAND (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 20 JUN 1908)

NY

TYPE

254. INCONDITA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:112. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: RAM RIVER, NORDEGG (HERMANN,F.J., 13347. 15 AUG 1956)

CAS

404489

ISOTYPE

US

2265956

HOLOTYPE

255. INCURVIFORHIS MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT.120, 1060. 1917.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF; ALT. 8000 FT. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 JUL 1891)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

256. INFLATA VAR. ANTICOSTENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:329, PL.715.1942.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ANTICOSTI ISLAND, PETITES-RIVIERES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FRERE), 25767. 20 JUL 1926)

GH

HOLOTYPE

257. INOPS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:126. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HENDERSON,L.F., --- --. --- JUL 1884)

CAS

203910

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

258. INTEGRA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:608. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: SUMMIT; ALT. 7000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 9841. 16 JUL 1909)

NY

HOLOTYPE

259. INTERIMUS MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:200. 1944.

USA: UTAH: CACHE CO.: TONY GROVE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B., 16098. 05 AUG 1938)

CAS

348506

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

1872574

ISOTYPE

260. INTERIOR BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:426. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 36. --- --)

CAS

553999

ISOTYPE

MO

1816496

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

ISOTYPE

261. INTERIOR VAR. CHARLESTONENSIS CLOKEY,I.W.,BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 38:1. 1939.

USA: NEVADA: CLARK CO.: CHARLESTON PARK (CLOKEY,I.W., 7468. 19 JUN 1937)

CAS

272528

ISOTYPE

CA

272529

ISOTYPE

OS

27819

ISOTYPE

F

1076930

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

JEPS

4013

ISOTYPE

MO

1148381

ISOTYPE

MO

1190731

ISOTYPE

MO

1201697

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

910020

HOLOTYPE

US

1733722

ISOTYPE

262. INTERIOR VAR. JOSSELYNII FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:115. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: SAINT JOHN RIVER, FORT KENT (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 06 JUL 1904)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

605797

ISOTYPE

263. INTERIOR VAR. KEHEENAWENSIS HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 25:19. 1941.

USA: MICHIGAN: KEWEENAW CO.: EAGLE HARBOR (HERMANN,F.J., 7985. 13 JUL 1936)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1697057

ISOTYPE

264. INTERRUPTA VAR. DISTENTA KUKENTHAL, G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12333. 22 AUG-05 SEP 1927)

CAS

242959

TYPE COLLECTION

265. INTUHESCENS FOR. VENTRIOSA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:321, PL.713.1942.

USA: VERMONT: ADDISON CO.: RIPTON (BRAINERD,E., ---.19 JUL 1898)

GH

HOLOTYPE

266. INVOLUCRATELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:50. 1931.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: LAS CANOAS (PRINGLE,C.G., 3126. 08 JUL 1890)

F

263394

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

30661

TYPE COLLECTION

-J-

267. JACINTOENSIS PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:100, PL.16.1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: SAN JACINTO MOUNTAINS,TAMARACK VALLEY; ALT. 9000 FT. (HALL,H.M., 2483.--- JUL-AUG 1901)

DS

78003

HOLOTYPE

268. JACOBI-PETERI HULTEN,O.E.G., ACTA UNIV. LUND. N.S., 38:300, FIG.4.1942.

USA: ALASKA: TIN CITY (ANDERSON,J.P., 4871. 19 AUG 1938)

CAS

477664

ISOTYPE

269. JAMESII TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:398. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (JAMES,EDWIN,---. ---)

NY

HOLOTYPE

270. JAMESONI VAR. SUBFULVA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.8:7. 1910.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2376. ---)

US

825890

TYPE MATERIAL

271. JEPSONII HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:223. 1958.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS; ALT. 8800 FT. (JEPSON,W.L., 4477. 20 JUL 1911)

JEPS

20008

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

272. JONESII BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:16. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 7000 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 22 JUL 1881)

NY

SYNTYPE

-K-

273. KALOIDES PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 13:332. 1881.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, CARRICK RANGE; ALT. 4000 FT. (PETRIE,D., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

274. KATAHOINENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:171, PL.32. 1901.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KATAHDIN, DEPOT POND (WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 16 JUL 1900)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1325047

ISOTYPE

275. KAUAIENSIS KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:279. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KAUAI CO.: KAULUWEHI (ROCK,J.F., 9017. -- OCT 1909)

US

2074700

TYPE MATERIAL

276. KELLOGGII BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:240. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, “LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY” (KELLOGG,A., ---. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

277. KOKRNENSIS PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:206, PL.551. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 711. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926)

GH

ISOTYPE

278. KULINGANA BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: KIANGSI: KULING; ALT. 2500-3500 FT. (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 18 JUL 1917)

NY

TYPE

279. KURILENSIS OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 2:27. 1933.

USSR: RUSSIAN SFSR: SAKHALIN OBLAST: KURIL ISLANDS, SHIKOTAN (ISLAND), NOTORO; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (OHWI,J., 813. 11 AUG 1931)

F

1406403

TYPE MATERIAL

-L-

280. LACINIATA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:175, PL.594. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (RICH,WILLIAM, WILKES EXPED. 1241. -- --- 1838-1842)

NY

TYPE

281. LACUNARUM HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:316. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL (HELLER,A.A., 5797. 01 JUL 1902)

F

129242

SYNTYPE

F

1566419

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

US

430229

SYNTYPE

282. LAEVI-CONICA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:47. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: BIG SIOUX RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

283. LAMPROCHLAMYS BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:104. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): MAFULU; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 5323. -- SEP-NOV 1933)

A

ISOTYPE

284. LANCIFOLIA CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:292. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: --(HENRY,A., 5467. ---)

US

801132

SYNTYPE

285. LANCIFRUCTUS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:607. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TULARE CO.: UPPER KERN RIVER, VOLCANO CREEK (HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D., 5472. -- JUL 1904)

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

127723

HOLOTYPE

286. LANGEANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:217. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GARGAMELLE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1374. 20 JUL 1929)

F

1481645

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

287. LARENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:66, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: LARA: BETWEEN BUENOS AIRES AND PARAMO DE LAS ROSAS (STEYERMARK,J.A., 55470. 11 FEB 1944)

F

55470

HOLOTYPE

US

1932015

ISOTYPE

288. LARICINA MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J., TRILLIA 9:4,19. 1930.

USA: INDIANA: KOSCIUSKO CO.: LEESBURG (DEAM,C.C., 10927. 05 JUN 1912)

NY

TYPE

289. LASIOCARPA VAR. AMERICANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:304. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: ARGYLE (PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B., 20519. 09 JUL 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

290. LATEBRACTEATA WATERFALL,U.T., RHODORA 56:23. 1954.

USA: OKLAHOMA: MCCURTAIN CO.: BROKEN BOW (WATERFALL,U.T., 11380. 19 APR 1953)

CAS

384438

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

1692174

ISOTYPE

291. LAXIFLORA VAR. LEPTONERVIA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:184. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (FERNALD,M.L., 146. 06 JUL 1893)

F

267758

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

292. LAXIFLORA VAR. SERRULATA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:80. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: CLARK CO.: -- (DEAM,C.C., 6458. 25 MAY 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

293. LEAVENWORTHII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:246. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: -- (LEAVENWORTH,M.C.,--- ----- 1845)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

294. LEIOCARPA MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:208, PL.5. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: SITKA (MERTENS,C.H.,---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

295. LEIOPHYLLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:365. 1935.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: CARCROSS (EASTWOOD,A., 725A. 16 JUL 1914)

CAS

102481

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

US

538796

HOLOTYPE

296. LEMANNIANA VAR. SIMPLEX KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:405. 1909.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3381. 19 JAN 1891)

CAS

264341

SYNTYPE

297. LEMMONI BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:93. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE (LEMMON,J.G., ---. --- --- 1875)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

US

29211

TYPE COLLECTION

298. LENTICULARIS VAR. PAULLIFRUCTUS KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGIER,H.G. A.,PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:308. 1909.

USA: WASHINGTON: WHITMAN CO.: PALOUSE CREEK (ELMER,A.D.E., 881. -- JUN 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

299. LEPORINA VAR. AMERICANA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:152. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)

F

455706

TYPE COLLECTION

F

1425899

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

300. LEPORINELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:605. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: PYRAMID PEAK (HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A., 4716. 01-02 AUG 1903)

DS

490443

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

UC

55234

HOLOTYPE

301. LEPTOPODA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: OSWEGO, ELK ROCK (HELLER,A.A., 10052. 20 MAY 1910)

CAS

186427

ISOTYPE

DS

13923

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

302. LIMNOPHILA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:28. 1956.

USA: WYOMING: SUBLETTE CO.: PINEDALE (HERMANN,F.J., 12252. 21 AUG 1955)

US

2231577

HOLOTYPE

303. LIVIOA VAR. RUFINAEFORNIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 28:8. 1926.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: STRAIT OF BELLE ISLE, FOUR-MILE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B., 27673. 20 JUL 1925)

GH

HOLOTYPE

304. LONGICRURIS VAR. HENRYI CLARKE, C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:295. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 4266. ---)

US

800846

SYNTYPE

305. LONGICULNIS PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 14:363.1882.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTHLAND SUBDIVISION: STEWART ISLAND, PATTERSONS INLET (PETRIE,D., ---. -- JAN 1880)

GH

ISOTYPE

306. LONGIROSTRIS VAR. MICROCYSTIS BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:241.1877.

CANADA: MANITOBA: WINNIPEG (BOURGEAU,E.,---.-- --- 1857-1859)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

307. LUNELLIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:615. 1915.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: OAK GROVE (BUSH,B.F., 7020. 02 JUN 1913)

NY

TYPE

308. LUZULAEFOLIA VAR. STROBILANTHA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:305. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: DONNER PASS; ALT. 7500 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903)

CAS

136

ISOTYPE

CAS

231121

ISOTYPE

309. LUZULINA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4740. --- -- 1866)

CAS

384084

ISOTYPE

DS

76794

ISOTYPE

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

964880

TYPE COLLECTION

-M-

310. MACKENZIANA WEATHERBY,C.A., CONTR. GRAY HERB. 114:36. 1936.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T., 892. 28 JUN 1934)

CAS

264346

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

1746479

ISOTYPE

311. MACROGLOSSA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:148, 576. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1414. --- -- 1866-1874)

US

27238

TYPE MATERIAL

312. MACROKOLEA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 420.--- -- 1832)

NY

COTYPE

313. MACROSPERMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 6000-7000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4840. 27 AUG 1894)

NY

TYPE

314. MADRENSIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: DURANGO: SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL (ROSE,J.N., 2357. 16 AUG 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

301267

TYPE

315. MAGNIFOLIA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K., FL. SE. U.S. ED.2, 1325.1913.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W.,---. ---)

US

969118

TYPE MATERIAL

316. MANDONIANA BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:174. 1896.

BOLIVIA: ---: -- (MANDON,G., 1429. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

317. MARCIDA VAR. DEBRIS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:136. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: HARNEY VALLEY (HOWELL,T.J., 937. 27 MAY 1885)

F

206587

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE

318. MARIPOSANA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:619. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS (JEPSON,W.L., 4476. 20 JUL 1911)

JEPS

19722

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

319. MEADII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

CAS

553885

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

320. MEDITERRANIA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:441. 1906.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.23 MAY 1898)

NY

TYPE

321. MEEKII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:48. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: WHITE RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

322. MELANOPHORA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:106. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: ORANGE RANGE, MOUNT WILHELMINA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E., 9828. -- SEP 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

323. MELOZITNENSIS PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:209. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS, MELOZITNA RIVER (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 713. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

1789621

ISOTYPE

324. MENOOCINENSIS OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:249. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4701. --- --1866)

CAS

553875

TYPE FRAGMENT

DS

54832

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

1098

ISOTYPE

US

29453

ISOTYPE

325. MERCARENSIS HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 194.1855.

INDIA: --: NILAGIRI (HOHENACKER,R.F., 943. --- -- 1851)

A

ISOTYPE

326. MERRILLII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:7. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 6623. -- MAY 1909)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

711171

TYPE MATERIAL

327. MERRITT-FERNALDII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 49:370.1923.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03 JUL 1897)

GH

HOLOTYPE

328. MESOCHOREA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.-- --- 1900)

GH

ISOTYPE

329. MICANS BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:419.1859.

JAPAN: --: SINODA (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)

US

27281

TYPE MATERIAL

330. MICRANTHA KUKENTHAL,G., BULL. HERB. BOISSIER SER.2, 2:1018. 1902.

KOREA: --: KAM-OUEN (FAURIE,U., 919. 28 JUN 1901)

US

2501314

ISOTYPE

331. MICROCHAETA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:305. 1904.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: KLONDIKE, INDIAN DIVIDE (MACOUN,JOHN, 53877. 14 AUG 1902)

GH

ISOTYPE

332. MICROGLOCHIN SSP. FUEGINA KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 27:546.1899.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

US

30695

ISOTYPE

333. MICROPTERA MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:56. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: DEETH (HELLER,A.A., 9067. 21 JUL 1908)

CAS

234896

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

334. MICROPTERA VAR. CRASSINERVIA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 70:420. 1968.

USA: COLORADO: OURAY CO.: ENGINEER PASS (JOHNSON,W.M., 594. 14 AUG 1967)

US

2543807

HOLOTYPE

335. MILIARIS VAR. AUREA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:37. 1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KING’S CO.: KENNEBECASIS RIVER (FOWLER,J.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

336. MIRABILIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: FRANKLIN CO.: DEERFIELD (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

337. MIRABILIS VAR. PERLONGA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473, PL.2. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: HILLSBORO CO.: NEW IPSWICH (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 05 JUN 1896)

GH

SYNTYPE

338. MIRABILIS VAR. TINCTA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: SAINT JOHN RIVER (MACOUN,JOHN, 22. 04 JUL 1899)

GH

SYNTYPE

339. MISANDROIDES FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 17:158. 1915.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L., 10801. 16-17 JUL 1914)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

340. MISERA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

341. MISERABILIS MACKENZ IE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:385. 1935.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CHIWAUKUM LAKE (EGGLESTON,W.W., 13567. 19-20 AUG 1916)

US

886422

HOLOTYPE

342. MOHRIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:106. 1931.

USA: FLORIDA: HARDEE CO.: WAUCHULA (CURT ISS,A.H., 6761. 15 APR 1901)

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

2133195

ISOTYPE

343. MOLESTA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:151. 1931.

USA: KANSAS: WYANDOTTE CO.: QUINDARO (MACKENZIE,K.K., ---.30 MAY 1897)

NY

HOLOTYPE

344. MONTANENSIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:152. 1892.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: UPPER MARAIS PASS (CANBY,W.M., 350. 03 AUG 1883)

NY

SYNTYPE

US

23257

SYNTYPE

345. MONTEREYENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: PACIFIC GROVE (SMITH,C.P., 1055. 24 JUL 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

346. MORRISSEYI PORSILD,A.E., SARGENTIA 4:21. 1943.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: LABRADOR, CAPE MUGFORD (PORSILD,A.E., 173. 26 AUG 1937)

US

2095886

ISOTYPE

347. MULTICOSTATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:604. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY DAM (PARISH,S.B., 3609. -- JUN 1895)

DS

489409

HOLOTYPE

348. MURICULATA HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R., FIELD & LAB. 17:132. 1949.

USA: TEXAS: CULBERSON CO.: GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS, MCKITTRICK CANYON (MOORE,J.A. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., 3625. 25 JUL 1931)

CAS

194659

ISOTYPE

-N-

349. NANA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,--- --.--- 1853-1856)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

27280

TYPE MATERIAL

350. NEBRASKENSIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. --- )

NY

ISOTYPE

351. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ERUCAEFORMS SUKSDORF,W.N., WERDENDA 1:5. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 10249. 22 JUN 1919)

OS

171453

ISOTYPE

MO

952735

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1438017

TYPE COLLECTION

352. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ULTRIFORMIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:8. 1896.

USA: WASHINGTON: ADAMS CO.: RITZVILLE (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 194. 09 JUN 1893)

NY

ISOTYPE

353. NELSONII MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: LA PLATA MINES (NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E., 5264. 30 AUG 1898)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

354. X NEOBIGELOMII LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:166. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305A. 12 AUG 1963)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2433719

ISOTYPE

355. X NEOFILIPENDULA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:123. 1956.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BONNE BAY, MAIN RIVER, MAIN ARM (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1449. 19 AUG 1929)

GH

HOLOTYPE

356. NEOHEXICANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:153. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SANTA RITA DEL COBRA IBIGELOW,J.M., 1547. --- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

357. X NEOPALEACEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:137. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PAINT HILLS (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32975. 03 SEP 1954)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

2176496

ISOTYPE

358. NERVINA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 10:203. 1885.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SUMMIT CAMP (KELLOGG,A., ---. 10 JUL 1870)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

286861

ISOTYPE

359. NEUROPHORA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:298, FIG.706. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CASCADE MOUNTAINS, STEVENS PASS (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 773. 18 AUG 1893)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

360. NIGRICANS MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS l:210, PL.7. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

361. NIGRO-MARGINATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:68. 1824.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: FORSYTH CO.: WINSTON-SALEM (“SALEM”) (DOS,L.,---. -- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

362. NOVAE-ANGLIAE SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C., ---. -- --- 1822)

GH

ISOTYPE

363. X NUBENS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 84:40. 1957.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, EASTMAIN (LEPAGE,E., 33131. 27 JUL 1955)

GH

ISOTYPE

364. NUBICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:480. 1909.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. -- AUG 1899)

GH

ISOTYPE

365. NUOATA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:241. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARISS (BOLANDER,H.N., 2299.-- --- 1860-1867)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

366. NUDATA VAR. FIRMIOR KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:337. 1909.

USA: ARIZONA: WILLOW SPRINGS (PALMER,E., 546. -- JUN 1890)

DS

ISOTYPE

367. NUTANS VAR. JAPONICA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER.L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:154. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1404. --- -- 1866-1874)

US

31277

TYPE MATERIAL

368. NUTTALLII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:92. 1842.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (NUTTALL,T., 17. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

-O-

369. OAXACANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:271. 1898.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4842. 29 AUG 1894)

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

US

251772

TYPE COLLECTION

US

817656

TYPE COLLECTION

370. OBISPOENSIS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 1:240. 1936.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN LUIS OBISPO CO.: SAN LUIS OBISPO, STEINER CREEK (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 2271. 07 MAY 1936)

CAS

235733

HOLOTYPE

CAS

237824

ISOTYPE

CAS

237908

ISOTYPE

DS

270930

ISOTYPE

F

866418

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1678188

ISOTYPE

371. OBLANCEOLATA KOYAMA,T., WILLDENOWIA 5(3):489. 1969.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: CHUNG TUNG, TAI TSANG, YING TAK (TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K., 3202. 20 NOV 1926)

UC

319673

HOLOTYPE

372. OBOVOIDEA CRONQUIST,A., MADRONO 7:78. 1943.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: STANLEY (CRONQUIST,A., 2872. 03 JUL 1941)

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

1220830

TYPE MATERIAL

373. OEOERI VAR. ROUSSEAUIANA MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), PROC. & TRANS. ROY. SOC. CANADA SER.3, 23(2), SECT.5:262. 1929.

CANADA: QUEBEC: MONTMAGNY CO.: L’ESTUAIRE DU ST. LAURENT, BERTHIER-EN-BAS (ROUSSEAU,J., 24989. 27 JUL 1926)

NY

TYPE

374. OKLAHOMENSIS MACKENZI E,K.K., TORREYA 14:126. 1914.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CATALE (BUSH,B.F., 993. 22 MAY 1895)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE

375. OLIGANTHA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:174, PL.589. 1867.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

US

30695

ISOTYPE

376. OLIGOCARPA VAR. LATIFOLIA GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:415. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CRAWE,J.B., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

377. OLYMPICA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:610. 1916.

USA: WASHINGTON: CLALLAM CO.: OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS (ELMER,A.D.E., 2700. --- JUN 1900)

NY

SYNTYPE

378. ONUSTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: --(RUTH,A., 458. 24 APR 1914)

CAS

351152

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

504456

ISOTYPE

379. OREGONENSIS OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:73. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E., 605. --- --1871)

F

455736

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

380. ORMOSTACHYA WI EGAND,K. M., RHODORA 24:196. 1922.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, LITTLETON HILL (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 27 MAY 1896)

GH

HOLOTYPE

381. ORONENSIS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:471, PL.l, FIG.15,16. 1902.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---.30 JUN 1891)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

382. OXYCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: COLUMBIA (SUKSDORF,W.N., 816. 02 JUN 1885)

F

96129

TYPE MATERIAL

F

211365

TYPE MATERIAL

US

27292

TYPE MATERIAL

383. OXYLEPIS VAR. PUBESCENS UNDERWOOD,J.K., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 33:635. 1945.

USA: TENNESSEE: CHEATHAM CO.: PEGRAM (SVENSON,H.K., 10469. 12 JUL 1939)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-P-

384. PACHYCARPA MACKENZIE,K.K.,BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:616. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY, BIG TREE ROAD; ALT. 8000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1977. 31 JUL 1863)

UC

1060

HOLOTYPE

385. PACHYSTACHYA CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:197.1855.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

386. PACHYSTOMA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, ANNA CREEK CANYON (COVILLE,F.V., 1362. 03 SEP 1902)

US

415172

TYPE

387. PAODOENSIS SUKSDORF,W.N., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 12:43. 1906.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1296. 13 AUG 1897)

F

223512

TYPEMATERIAL

F

1471489

TYPE MATERIAL

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

529528

TYPE MATERIAL

388. PALAWANENSIS KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E., LEAFL. PHILIPP. BOT.4:1169. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: PALAWAN: PUERTO PRINCESA, MOUNT PULGAR (ELMER,A.D.E., 13146. -- MAY 1911)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

872800

TYPE MATERIAL

389. PALLESCENS VAR. NEOGAEA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:306, PL.712.1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GANDER RIVER VALLEY, GLENWOOD (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4918. 12-13 JUL 1911)

GH

HOLOTYPE

390. PANSA BAILEY,l.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.

USA: OREGON: CLATSOP CO.: CLATSOP (HENDERSON,L.F., 1482.31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887)

OS

490462

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

391. PAPULOSA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---.--- -- 1853-1856)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

31344

ISOTYPE

392. PARCIFLORA BOOTT,F., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S.,6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. ---)

US

27275

TYPE MATERIAL

393. PARRYANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: --: HUDSON BAY (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

394. X PATUENSIS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:113, FIG.1. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, LAKE PATU (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39329; 19 AUG 1961)

GH

ISOTYPE

395. PAUCICOSTATA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:74. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. --- JUL 1866)

OS

49738

TYPE COLLECTION

F

309086

TYPE MATERIAL

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

396. PAUPERCULA VAR. BREVISQUAMA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 20:152. 1918.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ILE AUX COUDRES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), 4021. --- JUN 1917)

GH

HOLOTYPE

397. PAUPERCULA VAR. PALLENS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:77. 1906.

USA: MAINE: OXFORD CO.: BUCKFIELD (ALLEN,J.A., 21A. 01 JUL 1878)

GH

HOLOTYPE

398. PAYSONIS CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:90, PL.2. 1922.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B., 2224. 06 AUG 1920)

GH

ISOTYPE

UC

905434

HOLOTYPE

399. PELOCARPA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 39:492. 1937.

USA: UTAH: SUMMIT CO.: LAMOTTE PEAK (HERMANN,F.J., 5983. 15 AUG 1933)

CAS

239452

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

400. PERCOSTATA HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:282. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: MADERA (MULLER,C.H., 3520. 27 SEP 1939)

CAS

369422

ISOTYPE

US

2133207

TYPE

401. PERGLOBOSA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:606. 1907.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: MOUNT BALDY, BRECKENRIDGE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 167. -- AUG 1901)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

HOLOTYPE

402. PERILEIA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:102. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9583. -- AUG 1938)

A

SOTYPE

403. PERLONGA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TRINIDAD IRON WORKS; ALT. 1585 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 8863. 02 JUN 1904)

CAS

155657

ISOTYPE

CAS

193005

ISOTYPE

F

178542

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

461358

ISOTYPE

404. PERSTRICTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:479. 1909.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: MONTERREY (PRINGLE,C.G., 2630. 05 JUN 1889)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

405. PETASATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )

NY

TYPE

406. PETRICOSA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )

NY

TYPE

407. PETRIEI CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 16:413.1884

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, BROKEN RIVER (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)

GH

ISOTYPE

408. PHAEOCEPHALA PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:172. 1906.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)

F

455706

TYPE COLLECTION

F

1425899

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

409. PHAEOLEPIS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: OREGON: CROOK CO.: BEAR BUTTES (LEIBERG,J.B., 335. 26 JUN 1894)

NY

ISOTYPE

410. PHALAROIDES VAR. PARVULA GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: JUJUY: TILCARA OEPT.: TILCARA (VENTURIS., 6491. 15 FEB 1927)

US

1545831

TYPE

411. PHILOCRENA KRECZETOWICZ,V.I., TRUOY SREDNE-AZIATSK. GOSUD. UNIV., SER. 8B, BOT. 17:75. 1934.

USSR: TAOZHIKISTAN: PAMIRS; ALT. 8200 FT. (LIPSKY,V. I., 2732. 19 JUL 1899)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

412. PHYLLOMANICA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:233 1880

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4746. -- --- 1866)

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

413. PHYSOCHLAENA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:317. 1904.

USA: ALASKA: YUKON VALLEY, COAL CREEK HILL (FUNSTON,F., 139. 30 JUL 1893)

F

755322

TYPE MATERIAL

MO

920815

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

414. PICTA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)

US

31374

TYPE MATERIAL

415. PICTA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:184. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

416. PINETORUM VAR. ELATIOR KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:195. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10,000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4685. 08 JUN 1894)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

417. PIPERI MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 75. 1915.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)

GH

ISOTYPE

418. PIRCHINCHENSIS VAR. SIMPLEX GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

COLOMBIA: --: -- (MUTIS,J.C., KILLIP NO.5715.-- --- 1760-1808)

US

1563811

TYPE

419. PITYOPHILA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:545. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6605. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911)

CAS

383889

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

660821

TYPE

420. PLANATA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:126, 555.1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 2059. -- --- 1866-1874)

US

27269

TYPE MATERIAL

421. PLATYLEPIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:142. 1931.

USA: WYOMING: BIG HORN CO.: BIG HORN MOUNTAINS, TEN SLEEP LAKES (WILLIAMS,T.A., 2951. 19 AUG 1897)

NY

HOLOTYPE

422. PLATYPHYLLA CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:23. 1847.

USA: NEW YORK: (“NOV. EBOR.”) (CAREY,J., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

423. PLECTOCARPA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:66. 1964.

USA: MONTANA: GLACIER CO.: GLACIER NATIONAL PARK,LOGAN PASS, HIDDEN LAKE; ALT. 7300 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 18120. 21 AUG 1962)

CAS

416360

ISOTYPE

US

2420276

HOLOTYPE

424. PLUVICA VAR. KOOLAUENSIS KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:274. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: HONOLULU CO.: OAHU (ISLAND), KOOLAU MOUNTAINS (HOSAKA,E.Y., 594. 04 JUL 1932)

US

2074725

TYPE MATERIAL

425. PODOCARPA BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J., ---. --- )

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

426. POOOGYNA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:131, 557.1879.

JAPAN: TOKYO (PREFECTURE): TOKYO (SAVATIER,L., 1413.-- --- 1866-1874)

US

27270

TYPE MATERIAL

427. PORTERI OLNEY,S.T., CARIC. BOR.-AMER. 12. 1871.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KINEO, MOOSEHEAD LAKE (PORTER,T.C., ---. 28 AUG 1871)

GH

HOLOTYPE

428. POTOSINA HEMSLEY,W.B., BIOL. CENTR.-AMER. 3:474. 1885.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546. -- --- 1877)

GH

ISOTYPE

429. PRAECEPTORIUM MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:95. 1931.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: SIMCOE MOUNTAINS, GOLDENDALE (PECK,M.E., 13. 13 AUG 1917)

NY

HOLOTYPE

430. PRAEGRACILIS BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:87. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN DIEGO CO.: SAN DIEGO (SCOTT,(MISS), ---. -- --- 1880)

GH

HOLOTYPE

431. PRAINII CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:305. 1904.

CHINA: YUNNAN: RED RIVER (HENRY,A., 10839. ---)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

US

458108

TYPE MATERIAL

432. PRAIREA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 414. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: -- (---, ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

433. PRATENSIS DREJER,S.T.N., NATURHIST. TIDSSKR. 3:442. 1841.

GREENLAND: --: -- (VAHL,J.,---. ---)

CAS

105004

TYPE COLLECTION

434. PRATENSIS VAR. FURVA BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN, CAT. CANADIAN PL.5:377. 1890.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)

GH

ISOTYPE

435. PRATICOLA VAR. SUBCORIACEA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:113.1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: MOUNTAIN PARK, MCCLEOD RIVER (HERMANN,F.J., 13453. 26 AUG 1956)

CAS

404488

ISOTYPE

US

2265957

HOLOTYPE

436. PREISSII ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J., PL. PREISS. 2:94. 1846.

AUSTRALIA: --: -- (PREISS,L., 1825. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

AUSTRALIA: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: PERTH (PREISS,L., 1861. --- JUL 1839)

MO

2002968

SYNTYPE

437. PRESLII STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:242. 1855.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)

US

865056

TYPE MATERIAL

438. PRINGLEI BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: HACIENDA DE ANGUSTURA, 100 MILES EAST OF SAN LUIS POTOSI (PRINGLE,C.G., 3801. 04 AUG 1891)

F

105551

TYPE COLLECTION

F

1607711

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

817724

TYPE COLLECTION

439. PRIONPHYLLA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:423. 1902.

USA: IDAHO: DIVIDE BETWEEN SAINT JOE AND CLEARWATER RIVERS (LEIBERG,J.B., 125. 10 JUL 1895)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

440. PROJECTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:264. 1908.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: KOUCHIBOUGUAC (FOWLER,J., ---.-- --- 1872)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

441. PROPOSITA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:126. 1931.

USA: IDAHO: BLAINE CO.: SMOKY MOUNTAINS; ALT. 2700 M. (MACBRIDE,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B., 3778. 13 AUG 1916)

CAS

102638

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

442. X PSEUDO-FULVA FERNALD,M.L., RHODOR 35:231. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4258. 16 AUG 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

443. PSEUDOJAPONICA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:81.1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, DONNER LAKE; ALT. 2750 M. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903)

F

215918

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

444. PTEROLEPTA FRANCHET,A., NOUV. ARCH. MUS. HIST. NAT. SER.3, 8:215.1896.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (DELAVAY,R.P., 4829. 15 JUL 1889)

US

1123683

ISOTYPE

445. PTYCHOCARPA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 424. -- --- 1832)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

446. PURPUREOVAGINATA VAR. ITATIAIAE GROSS,R.,REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:212. 1941.

BRAZIL: RIO DE JANEIRO: ITATIAIA (CHASE,A., 8283. 17 JAN 1925)

US

1282178

TYPE

447. PURPURIFERA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:253. 1935.

USA: TENNESSEE: CAMPBELL CO.: CHASKA (BRIGHT,J., ---.18 MAY 1923)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

448. PYCNOTHYSOS KUKENTHAL,G., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 6:60. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: NEGROS OCCIDENTAL: MOUNT CANLAON (VOLCANO) (MERRILL,E.D., 543. -- APR 1910)

US

1398830

TYPE MATERIAL

-Q-

449. QUADRIFIDA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:104.1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. ----- 1866)

DS

55002

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

450. QUADRIFIDA VAR. LENIS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:105. 1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. -- --- 1866)

NY

SYNTYPE

451. X QUEBECENSIS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:168. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305. 12 AUG 1963)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2433718

ISOTYPE

452. QUICHENSIS HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:284. 1950.

GUATEMALA: QUICHE: NEBAJ (SHARP,A.J., 45144. 07 FEB 1945)

US

2133193

TYPE

-R-

453. RACHILLIS MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: GILBERT PEAK (MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.,14668. 16 AUG 1936)

CAS

325253

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

1872576

TYPE MATERIAL

454. RAMOSII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: RIZAL: LUZON (ISLAND), MORONG (RAMOS,M., BUR. SCI. 1434. -- AUG 1906)

US

626608

TYPE MATERIAL

455. RAYNOLOSII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:39. 1861.

USA: IDAHO: FREMONT CO.: PIERRE’S HOLE AND HENRY'S FORK (HAYDEN,F.V., --. 20 JUN 1860)

GH

SYNTYPE

456. RETROCURVA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 423. 1845.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: -- (WOOD,W.A., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

457. RETROCURVA VAR. COPULATA BAILEY,L.H., HERB. DISTR. NO.161. 1886.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (BAILEY,L.H., 161. 01 JUN 1886)

GH

ISOTYPE

458. RETROFLEXA MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L., SP. PL. ED.4, 4:235.1805.

USA: TEXAS: -- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE

459. RHYNCHACHAENIUM CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D., PUBL. BUR. SCI. GOV. LAB. 35:5. 1906 (“1905”).

PHILIPPINES: BATAAN: MOUNT MARIVELES; ALT. 1100 M. (ELMER,A.D.E., 6983. -- NOV 1904)

NY

COTYPE

460. RICHARDSONII BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

461. RICHARDSONII FOR. EXSERTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290. 1942.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

462. ROANENSIS HERMANN,F.J., CASTANEA 12:113. 1948 (“1947”).

USA: TENNESSEE: CARTER CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN; ALT.4700 FT. (BROWN,D.M., 255. 02 AUG 1936)

JS

2133190

HOLOTYPE

463. RORAIMENSIS STEYERMARK, J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:67, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: BOLIVAR: MOUNT RORAIMA; ALT. 2700-2740 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 5887C. 28 SEP 1944)

F

1263854

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

464. ROSAEOIDES HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER, H.C. AND HOWE,E.C., FL. RENSSELAER CO. 33. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: LANSINGBURGH (HOWE,E.C.,---. 30 MAY 1887)

NY

ISOTYPE

465. ROSEA VAR. ARKANSANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: ARKANSAS: PULASKI CO.: LITTLE ROCK, LA FOURCHE CREEK (HASSE,H.E., ---. 01 MAY 1886)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

466. ROSEA VAR. PUSILLA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:132. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: LIVINGSTONE CO.: PORTAGE (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1894)

NY

TYPE

467. ROSEA VAR. STAMINATA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.47:164. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: OTSEGO CO.: COOPERSTOWN JUNCTION (PECK,C.H., 5. -- JUN 1893)

NY

TYPE

468. RUBRO-BRUNNEA VAR. ELINEOLATA MERRILL,E.O., LINGNAN SCI. J. 13:18.1934.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN), POK-LO (TSUI,T.M., 74. -- MAR-APR 1932)

A

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

1260436

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

1754487

ISOTYPE

469. RUGATA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:545, PL.671. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: HOMEVILLE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.,11787. 07 MAY 1940)

CAS

336836

ISOTYPE

F

1489429

ISOTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

MO

1306478

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2003132

ISOTYPE

470. RUGATA OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:76. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), MOUNT DAIMONJI IN YAMASHIRO (OHWI,J., 29. 04 MAY 1931)

F

1463953

TYPE MATERIAL

471. RUGOSPERMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:621. 1915.

USA: NEW JERSEY: OCEAN CO.: TUCKERTON (MACKENZIE,K.K., 9871. -- MAY 1911)

NY

TYPE

472. RUSBYI MACKENZIE,K.K., SMITHSONIAN MISC. COLLECT. 65(71:2. 1915.

USA: ARIZONA: YAVAPAI CO.: --- (RUSBY,H.H., 859. -- --- 1883)

NY

TYPE

US

30267

TYPE COLLECTION

473. RUTHII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:112. 1931.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: CRAGGY MOUNTAIN (RUTH,A.,---. -- JUL 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

-S-

474. SALINAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N.,4702. -- ---1866)

CAS

383801

TYPE COLLECTION

DS

293480

TYPE COLLECTION

F

30885

TYPE MATERIAL

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

US

29888

TYPE COLLECTION

US

319226

TYPE COLLECTION

475. SALTAENSIS GROSSER., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: SALTA: ROSARIO DEPT.: CAMPO QUIJANO (VENTURIS., 8650. -- ---1929)

US

1545752

TYPE

476. SANGUINEA BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:137. 1846.

AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITHS., 96(KEW 6094). ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

477. SARAHAKETENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 69:262. 1938.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA (TERRITORY): MOROBE DISTRICT: FINISTERRE RANGE, MOUNT SARAWAKET (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 5546. -- MAR 1937)

A

ISOTYPE

478. SARTWELLIANA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1636. -- --- 1863)

GH

HOLOTYPE

479. SARTWELLII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 12. ---)

CAS

383407

TYPE COLLECTION

CAS

553975

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

480. SAVAIIENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., BERNICE P. BISHOP MUS. BULL. 128:24.1935.

WESTERN SAMOA: ---: SAVAII ISLAND (CHRISTOPHERSEN,E., 800. 24 SEP 1929)

NY

ISOTYPE

481. X SAXENII NM. FERRUGINEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:142. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, FORT GEORGE (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32357. 14 AUG 1954)

GH

ISOTYPE

US

2176493

ISOTYPE

482. SAXIMONTANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:439. 1906.

USA: COLORADO: LARIMER CO.: FORT COLLINS (BAKER,C.F.,---.--- )

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

483. SCABRIOR SARTWELL,H. P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:349. 1849.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 72. --- )

CAS

553877

ISOTYPE

484. SCABRIUSCULA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:268. 1908.

USA: WASHINGTON: CASCADE MOUNTAINS (CUSICK,W.C., 2849. 30 JUN 1902)

DS

490735

ISOTYPE

MO

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

528631

ISOTYPE

485. SCAPOSA HOOKER,J.D., BOT. MAG. PL.6940. 1887.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (FORD,C.,--- -- -.-- 1883?)

MO

2002967

TYPE COLLECTION

486. SCHAFFNERI BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 18:172.1883.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546.-- --- 1877)

GH

ISOTYPE

487. SCHNEIDERI NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 201. 1939.

CHINA: YUNNAN: LIKIANG (SCHNEIDER,C., 2738. 06 AUG 1914)

GH

HOLOTYPE

488. SCHWEINITZII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:68. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN (DEWEY,C.,---.--)

GH

HOLOTYPE

489. SCIRPIFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:270. 1908.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF (MCCALLA,W.C., 2348. 28 JUL 1899)

NY

TYPE

490. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. GIGAS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT EDDY (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 19 AUG 1881)

F

210109

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

491. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. STENOCHLAENA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20.1904.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: CHILLIWACK VALLEY (MACOUN,J.M., 33728. 12 JUL 1901)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

492. SCOPARIA VAR. CONDENSA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:468, PL.l. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MEDFORD (BOOTT,W., ---.26 JUL 1865)

GH

HOLOTYPE

493. SCOPARIA VAR. FULVA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:237. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)

GH

SYNTYPE

494. SCOPARIA VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:116, PL.369.1862.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: WHITE MOUNTAINS (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

495. SCOPARIA VAR. MONILIFORMIS TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 17. 1843.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: CAMBRIDGE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. --- )

GH

HOLOTYPE

496. SCOPARIA FOR. PERACUTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 23:234. 1921.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: SAND BEACH (FERNALD,M. L. AND LONG,B., 20296. 14 JUL 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

497. SCOPARIA VAR. SUBTURBINATA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 14:116. 1912.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: EXPLOITS RIVER VALLEY, GRAND FALLS AREA, RUSHY POND (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4796.28 AUG 1911)

F

464432

SYNTYPE

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

498. SCOPARIA VAR. TESSELLATA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 12:135. 1910.

USA: MAINE: WASHINGTON CO.: PEMBROKE (FERNALD,M.L., 1464. C8 JUL 1909)

GH

HOLOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

499. SCOULERI TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:399. 1836.

USA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: “WESTERN SHORE OF AMERICA, OBSERVATORY INLET” (ARM OF PORTLAND INLET) (SCOULER,J., 296. ---)

NY

HOLOTYPE

500. SEATONIANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TULA (PRINGLE,C.G., 7452. 24 JUN 1897)

CAS

445940

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

US

305734

TYPE COLLECTION

501. SHELOONII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: OREGON: UNION CO.: CLARK’S CREEK (SHELDON,E.P., 8854. 09 SEP 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

US

528495

TYPE COLLECTION

502. SICCATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:278. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

503. SIMULATA MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:604. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: CHUG CREEK (NELSON,A., 7316. 29 JUN 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

504. SMALLIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:484. 1909.

USA: GEORGIA: TATTNALL CO.: REIDSVILLE (HARPER,R.M., 2159. 26 APR 1904)

US

511177

TYPE COLLECTION

505. SONOMENSIS STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:63. 1937.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL, PITKIN MARSH (HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W., 13042. 06 JUN 1937)

CAS

246086

HOLOTYPE

CAS

246636

ISOTYPE

OS

258275

ISOTYPE

DS

374718

ISOTYPE

F

907841

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

UC

835699

ISOTYPE

US

1736782

ISOTYPE

506. SOPERI RAUP,H.M., SARGENTIA 6:129, FIG.12. 1947.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: BRINTELL LAKE (RAUP.H.M. AND SOPER,J.H., 9534. 18 JUL 1939)

GH

HOLOTYPE

507. SPECIFICA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:21. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)

CAS

232289

SYNTYPE

US

30329

SYNTYPE

508. SPECUICOLA HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 5:148. 1949.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: INSCRIPTION HOUSE (HOWELL,J.T., 24609. 23 JUN 1948)

CAS

342552

ISOTYPE

CAS

342553

HOLOTYPE

DS

337970

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2006386

ISOTYPE

509. SPRETA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---.-- MAY 1880)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

510. STANDLEYANA STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 3:23. 1952.

GUATEMALA: JALAPA: AGUACATE (WILLIAMS,L.O., 13178. 06 JUL 1947)

F

1252385

HOLOTYPE

511. STANTONENSIS JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER.15:2C., PL.3. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: STANTON LAKE (WILLIAMS,R.S.,-- ---. 11 AUG 1894)

NY

TYPE

512. STELLATA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:226. 1935.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: IXMIQUILPAN (ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S., 9019. ------ 1905)

NY

ISOTYPE

US

452499

HOLOTYPE

513. STELLULATA VAR. CONFERTA CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 534.1860.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. --- )

NY

TYPE

514. STENOPHYLLA VAR. DESERTORUM LITVINOV,D.I., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST.5(BEIH.1):56. 1899.

USSR: TURKESTAN: -- (LITVINOV,D.I., 153. -- --- 1897)

US

616142

TYPE MATERIAL

515. STENOPTERA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:28. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SAN ANTONIO MOUNTAINSt ICE HOUSE CANYON (JOHNSTON,I.M., 1505. 31 JUL 1917)

DS

83850

ISOTYPE

NY

TYPE

516. STERILIS VAR. EXCELSIOR BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:424.1893.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 35. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

517. STEUDELII KUNTH,C.S., ENUM. PL. 2:480. 1837.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., ---. -- --- 1835)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

518. STEYERMARKII STANDLEY,P.C., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER.23:196. 1947.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: CERRO HUITZ (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48542. 14 JUL 1942)

F

1129096

HOLOTYPE

519. STIPATA VAR. LAEVIVAGINATA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:172. 1909.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: BILTMORE (NEAR ASHEVILLE) (BILTMORE HERBARIUM, 262A. 28 MAY 1897)

F

813737

TYPE COLLECTION

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

520. STIPATA VAR. MAXIMA CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:121, PL.391. 1862.

USA: FLORIDA: APPALACHICOLA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)

US

969091

TYPE COLLECTION

521. STIPATA VAR. SUBSECUTA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:128. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: BERLIN (PECK,C.H., ---.-- JUN 1894)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

522. STIPATA VAR. UBERIOR MOHR,C., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 6:417. 1910.

USA: ALABAMA: MOBILE RIVER (MOHR,C.,---. 26 APR 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

523. STRAMINEA VAR. CUMULATA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:23.1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- JUL 1870)

GH

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

524. STRAMINEA VAR. ECHINOOES FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:474, PL.2. 1902.

CANADA: ONTARIO: LAMBTONCO.: WYOMING (MACOUN,JOHN, 26624. 24 JUN 1901)

GH

SYNTYPE

525. STRAMINEA VAR. RENIFORMIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:73.1889.

USA: MISSISSIPPI: OKTIBBEHA CO.: STARKVILLE (TRACY,S.M., 17. 23 MAY 1888)

NY

SYNTYPE

526. STRICTA VAR. XEROCARPA BRITTON,N.L., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 22:222.1895.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

527. STYLOFLEXA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:174. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MACON CO.: MOUNTAINS (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. ---)

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

528. STYLOSA VAR. VIRENS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:79.1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., --- -- MAY 1880)

GH

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

529. SUB-BRACTEATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:612. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: OAKLAND (BOLANDER,H.N., ---. --.--- 1860 CA.)

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

28683

ISOTYPE

530. SUBFUSCA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:234.1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.---)

GH

ISOTYPE

531. SUBIMPRESSA CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: -- (CLOKEY,I.W., 2338. 06 AUG 1915)

CAS

162423

ISOTYPE

UC

905433

HOLOTYPE

532. SUBNIGRICANS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:167. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14519. 11 AUG 1938)

CAS

259816

HOLOTYPE

US

1765699

ISOTYPE

533. SUBORBICULATA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:338. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: --(SUKSOORF,W.N., 1315. --JUL 1883)

NY

TYPE

534. SUBTRANSVERSA CLARKE,C.B., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 2:108. 1907.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 473C. --OCT-NOV 1905)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

US

710428

TYPE MATERIAL

535. SUKSDORFII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 7383. 27 AUG 1912)

CAS

152864

ISOTYPE

CAS

243333

ISOTYPE

DS

171455

ISOTYPE

DS

269641

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

MO

95212

TYPE COLLECTION

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1437926

TYPE COLLECTION

536. SUKSDORFII VAR. OVALIS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5259. 21 AUG-20 SEP 1905)

DS

269625

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

537. SURCULOSA RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 52:22. 1959.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: SIN-FUNG DISTRICT: SAI-LIN-SHAN VILLAGE, NGOK SHING SHAN (TAAM,Y.W., 502. 1-16 APR 1938)

A

HOLOTYPE

538. SYCHNOCEPHALA CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:24.1847.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CAREY,J., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

-T-

539. TACHIRENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:68, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUELAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57367. 15 JUL 1944)

F

1263858

HOLOTYPE

US

1932033

ISOTYPE

540. TAHITENSIS BROWN,F.B.H., OCCAS. PAP. BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUS.9(4):8. 1930.

FRENCH POLYNESIA: --: SOCIETY ISLANDS, TAHITI, MOUNT OROHENA (MACDANIELS,L.H., 1542. 15 MAY 1927)

A

ISOTYPE

541. TAMAKII KOYAMA,T., BULL. ARTS SCI. DIV. RYUKYU UNIV. 3:75. 1959.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA EXPERIMENTAL FOREST OF RYUKYU UNIVERSITY; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (KOYAMA,T., ---.23 NOV 1958)

NY

HOLOTYPE

542. TAMANA STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUALAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57401. 15 JUL 1944)

F

1263857

HOLOTYPE

543. TENERA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 8:97. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C.,---. 20 JUN---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

544. TENERA VAR. RICHII FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:475, PL.2. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MIDDLESEX FALLS (RICH,W.P.,---. 05 JUN 1894)

GH

HOLOTYPE

545. TENERAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:609. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: JONESVILLE; ALT. 5100 FT. (HALL,H.M., 9781. 25 JUL 1914)

NY

HOLOTYPE

546. TENTACULATA VAR. ALTIOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 2:94, PL.278.1860.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 138. --- )

CAS

553943

TYPE COLLECTION

547. TENUIFLORA VAR. SETACEA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:224. 1909.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (WHEELER,C.F., ---.28 JUN 1890)

GH

ISOTYPE

548. TERETIUSCULA VAR. ANPLA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:53.1889

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)

NY

SYNTYPE

549. TERRAE-NOVAE FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290, PL.711. 1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN BAY, SAINT JOHN ISLAND (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N., 27657. 31 JUL 1925)

GH

HOLOTYPE

550. TETSUOI OHWI,J., MISC. REP. NATL. SCI. MUS. 5:2, PL.2. 1952.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND); (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (AMANO,T., 6358. -- MAY 1951)

US

2092356

TYPE MATERIAL

551. THURBERI DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

MEXICO: SONORA: MABIBI (THURBER,G., ---. --- JUN 1850)

GH

HOLOTYPE

552. TOJQUIANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:64. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJQUIA AND CAXIN (STEYERMARK,J.A., 50150. 06 AUG 1942)

F

1129085

TYPE MATERIAL

F

1129086

TYPE MATERIAL

553. TOMPKINSI HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 9:185. 1961.

USA: CALIFORNIA: FRESNO CO.: KINGS RIVER CANYON, COPPER CREEK TRAIL (HOWELL,J.T., 35333. 06 JUN 1960)

CAS

428953

HOLOTYPE

CAS

429306

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

2604281

ISOTYPE

554. TOREAOORA STEYERMARK, J. A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:338. 1954.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR; ALT. 3810-3930 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53095. 15 JUN 1943)

F

1266183

TYPE MATERIAL

NY

ISOTYPE

555. TORTA VAR. STAMINATA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.46:131. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: ONEIDA CO.: TABERG (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1892)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

556. TOWNSENDII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:111. 1931.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: COLONIA GARCIA; ALT. 2250 M. (TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,CM., 157. 21 JUL 1899)

CAS

351161

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

568126

HOLOTYPE

557. TRACYI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:41. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: BALD MOUNTAIN (TRACY,J.P., 4547. 04 JUL 1914)

NY

TYPE

558. TRIANGULARIS BOECKELER,J.O., FLORA 39:226. 1856.

USA: TEXAS: --- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

559. TRIBULOIDES VAR. SANGAMONENSIS CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: --(CLOKEY,I.W., 2364. 07 AUG 1915)

UC

903441

HOLOTYPE

560. X TRICHINA FERNALD,m.L., RHODORA 35:219. 1933.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (WILL IAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., 11C. 19 JUL 1902)

GH

HOLOTYPE

561. TRICHOPHYLLA NELMES,E., MEM. MUS. NATL. HIST. NAT., SER. B, BOT.4:106. 1955.

VIET-NAM, NORTH: TONKIN: CHAPU: (COUNTRY AS “TNDOCHINA”) (RETELOT,P.A., 5325. -- JUL 1930)

GH

HOLOTYPE

562. TRISPERNA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:63. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: --(DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

563. TRISPERHA VAR. BILLINGSII KNIGHT,O.W., RHODORA 8:185. 1906.

USA: MAINE: SOMERSET CO.: PLEASANT RIDGE, JEWETT BROOK BOG (WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W., 5066. 05 JUL 1906)

GH

ISOTYPE

564. TSOI MERRILL,F.D. AND CHUN,N.K., SUNYATSENIA 2:207. 1935.

CHINA: KWANGTIJNG: HAINAN (ISLAND), DUNG KA TO WEN FA SHI (CHUN,N.K. AND TSO.C.L., 43680. -- --- 1932-1933)

GH

ISPTYPE

NY

TYPF

US

1675120

TYPE MATERIAL

565. TUMULICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:154. 1907.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: LAKE TEMESCAL (BIOLETTI,F.T., 1. 25 JUN 1893)

NY

HOLOTYPE

566. TUNIMANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:65. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48334. 07 JUL 1942)

F

1128966

TYPE

567. TURGESCENS TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:419. 1836.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (INGALLS,T., ---, ---)

NY

TYPE

568. TURUMIQUIRENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70, FIG.7.1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, RIDGE DIVIDING HEADWATERS OF RIO MANZANARES AND RIO DE AMANA; ALT. 1900-2000 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62705. 10 MAY 1945)

F

1266150

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

ISOTYPE

US

1933688

ISOTYPE

-U-

569. ULTRA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:83. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: ARIZONA: COCHISE CO.: HUACHUCA (LEMMON,J.G., 2. 21 JUN 1882)

DS

63991

ISOTYPE

DS

64032

ISOTYPE

570. UMBELLATA VAR. VICINA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:317.1826.

USA: --: -- (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

571. UNCOMPAHGRE KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 38:1. 1947.

USA: COLORADO: LA PLATA CO.: LA PLATA MOUNTAINS, MOUNT HESPERUS, GOLD KING MINE (KELSO,L., 6058. 03 JUL 1947)

GH

ISOTYPE

572. UNDERWOODII BRITTON,N.L., TORREYA 5:10. 1905.

JAMAICA: --: SALT HILL MARSH (UNDERWOOD,L.M., 158. 29 JAN 1903)

NY

TYPE

573. UNILATERALIS MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:43. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: ALTON (TRACY,J.P., 3783. 21 JUL 1912)

NY

TYPE

-V-

574. VAGANS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:301. 1904.

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: STEEN MOUNTAIN, ANDREWS (LEIBERG,J.B., 2558. 10 JUL 1896)

NY

ISOTYPE

575. VAGINATA VAR. ALTO-CAULIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 41:227. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: GENESEE CO.: BERGEN (PAINE,J.A.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

576. VALLICOLA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:40. 1861.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: SNAKE RIVER, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (DEWEY,C., 10. 18 JUN 1860)

GH

HOLOTYPE

577. VENOSIVAGINATA STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:67.1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CERRO HUTTZ, BETWEEN MIMANHUITZ AND YULHUITZ; ALT. 2600 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48554. 14 JUL 1942)

F

1129094

HOLOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

578. VERNACULA VAR. HOBSONII MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER RANGE, WHITE PINE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R., 14013. 16 JUL 1936)

CAS

348507

ISOTYPE

GH

ISOTYPE

NY

HOLOTYPE

US

1872573

ISOTYPE

579. VESICARIA VAR. JEJUNA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:53. 1901.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: MADAWASKA LAKE (WILLIAMS,E.F., ---. -- AUG 1900)

GH

HOLOTYPE

580. VESICARIA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:232. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN’S (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1474. 31 JUL 1929)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

2050647

ISOTYPE

581. VESTITA VAR. KENNEDYI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 2:170. 1900.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: WILMINGTON, SILVER LAKE (KENNEDY,G.G., ---. 11 JUN 1899)

GH

HOLOTYPE

582. VEXANS HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:156. 1955.

USA: FLORIDA: HENDRY CO.: CLEWISTON (DEAM,C.C., 61177. 19 MAR 1941)

US

2231425

HOLOTYPE

583. VICARIA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:49. 1889.

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E.,---. -- --- 1871)

GH

HOLOTYPE

584. VIOLACEA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:87. 1908.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 587. -- --- 1862)

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

585. VIRIDIOR MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:331. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: OKANOGAN CO.: SHEEP MOUNTAINS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 3329. 30 JUL-01 AUG 1916)

US

886234

TYPE

586. VIRIDULA FOR. PYGNAEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:115. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, SWAMPY BAY (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39274. 16 AUG 1961)

GH

ISOTYPE

587. VITIENSIS ST.JOHN,H., PACIFIC SCI. 1:116, FIG.1. 1947.

FIJI: - -: VITI LEVU (ISLAND) (ST.JOHN,H., 18330. 18 AUG 1937)

US

1967819

ISOTYPE

588. VITREA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: PALM SPRINGS (PARISH,S.B., 4144. 04-13 APR 1896)

F

89120

TYPE MATERIAL

MO

ISOTYPE

US

279151

ISOTYPE

589. VULPINOIDEA VAR. PYCNOCEPHALA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 38:363. 1936.

USA: MICHIGAN: EMMET CO.: BIG STONE BAY (HERMANN,F.J., 6408. 14 AUG 1934)

GH

HOLOTYPE

-W-

590. MAHUENSIS VAR. RUBIGINOSA KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:257, FIG.2,3A-D. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KILAUEA IKI (BEAN,R.S.: HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H., 11228. 21 DEC 1931)

US

2074653

TYPE COLLECTION

591. WATSONI OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR.370. 1871.

USA: NEVADA: ORMSBY CO.: CARSON CITY (WATSON,S., 1246. - - MAY 1868)

GH

HOLOTYPE

592. WERDERNANNII GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E., NOTIZBL. BOT. GART. BERLIN-DAHLEM 10:763. 1929.

CHILE: LLANQUIHUE: ALT. 700 M. (WERDERMANN,E., 1687.-- MAR 1925)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

593. WHITNEYI OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA; ALT. 12000 FT. (BOLANOER,H.N., 5086. - - --- 1866)

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. -- --- 1866)

F

309085

SYNTYPE

F

309086

SYNTYPE

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 9000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1778. 04 JUL 1863)

MO

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

594. WIEGANDII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:108. 1931.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BAY OF ISLANDS, HUMBER ARM, CURLING (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2776. 21 JUL 1910)

GH

ISOTYPE

595. WILKESII TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C., U.S. EXPLOR. EXPED. 17:477, PL.17.1854.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

596. WILLDENOVII VAR. PAUCIFLORA OLNEY.S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 2:482. 1894.

USA: TEXAS: HARRIS CO.: HOUSTON (HALL,E., ---. -- --- 1872)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

597. WILLDENOWII VAR. MEGARRHYNCHA HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 51:277. 1954.

USA: GEORGIA: JASPER CO.: OCMULGEE (SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H., 4872. 06 APR 1949)

US

2133191

TYPE COLLECTION

598. WILLIAMSII BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: DAWSON (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---.12 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

599. HOODII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:249. 1846.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: PERCH LAKE, PERCH RIVER (CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.,---: - --)

GH

HOLOTYPE

600. WRIGHT11 DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

USA: TEXAS: -- (WRIGHT,C., 1561. -- --- 1850)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-X-

601. X XANTHINA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:230. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: MAIN RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 1455. 27 AUG 1929)

GH

HOLOTYPE

US

2050636

ISOTYPE

602. XANTHOCARPA VAR. ANNECTANS BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 23:23. 1896.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND VALLEY (BRITTON,N.L., ---. 06 JUL 1895)

NY

TYPE

603. XERANTICA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: FILE HILLS; 50.5N., 104W. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 04 JUL 1879)

GH

SYNTYPE

NY

SYNTYPE

604. XEROCARPA WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 42:334. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.-- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-Y-

605. YUKONENSIS BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 18 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

-Z-

606. ZIZANIAEFOLIA RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 53:36. 1959.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (TSAI,H.T., 62809. -- --- 1934)

A

HOLOTYPE

AUTHOR INDEX

AUTHOR

DATE

SPECIES

BAILEY,L.H.

1935

ABLATA

1889

ACUTINA

1889

ALBIDA

1889

ALMA

1893

AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

1886

*BRONGNIARTII

1889

CALIFORNICA

1884

*CANESCENS

1920

CHIKUNGANA

1889

COMMUNIS

1889

DONNELL-SMITHII

1893

DURIFOLIA

1896

EGGERTII

1889

ELEOCHARIS

1886

ENGELMANNI

1889

*FESTIVA

1893

FETA

1889

*FOENEA

1886

*GAYANA

1889

*GRISEA

1884

HALLIANA

1896

HASSEI

1889

*HOODII

1896

IDAHOA

1889

ILLOTA

1886

INOPS

1893

INTERIOR

1889

JONESII

1920

KULINGANA

1898

MADRENSIS

1886

*MARCIDA

1916

MARIPOSANA

1889

*MILIARIS

1892

MONTANENSIS

1896

*NEBRASKENSIS

1885

NERVINA

1898

OAXACANA

1888

PANSA

1892

PRINGLEI

1891

QUADRIFIDA

1891

*QUADRIFIDA

1886

*RETROCURVA

1888

*ROSEA

1898

SEATONIANA

1889

SPECIFICA

1889

SPRETA

1893

*STERILIS

1889

*STRAMINEA

1889

*STRAMINEA

BAILEY,L.H.

1886

*STYLOSA

1889

*TERETIUSCULA

1886

ULTRA

1889

VICARIA

1892

XERANTICA

BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN

1890

*PRATENSIS

BICKNELL,E.P.

1908

ABDITA

1908

INCOMPERTA

1896

*XANTHOCARPA

BLAKE,S.T.

1947

ACROPHILA

1947

BREVIS

1947

EREMOSTACHYA

1947

LAMPROCHLAMYS

1947

MELANOPHORA

1947

PERILEIA

BOECKELER,J.O.

1877

BURCHELLIANA

1896

DURANDII

1875

FENOLERIANA

1886

FUSCOLUTEA

1877

*LONGIROSTRIS

1896

MANDONIANA

1856

TRIANGULARIS

BOOTT,F.

1867

*ACUTA

1846

BANKSII

1867

BREWERI

1862

CONJUNCTA

1858

*CRINITA

1846

GEYERI

1846

GRIFFITHII

1867

HEBETATA

1867

LACINIATA

1867

OLIGANTHA

1859

PARCIFLORA

1846

SANGUINEA

1862

*SCOPARIA

1860

*TENTACULATA

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

1863

*BONPLANDII

1859

CONFERTIFLORA

1859

MICANS

1859

NANA

1859

PAPULOSA

1859

PICTA

BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.

1839

APERTA

1839

BACKII

1839

FRANKLINII

1839

HEPBURNII

BOOTT,W.

1884

ASSINIBOINENSIS

1884

LEMMONI

1884

PRAEGRACILIS

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

1880

HETERONEURA

1880

KELLOGGII

1880

NUDATA

1880

PHYLLOMANICA

1883

SCHAFFNERI

1880

*SCOPARIA

1880

SUBFUSCA

BRITTON,N.L.

1901

BONANZENSIS

1895

*STRICTA

1905

UNDERWOODII

1901

WILLIAMSII

1901

YUKONENSIS

BROWN,F.B.H.

1930

TAHITENSIS

BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J.

1819

PODOCARPA

1819

RICHARDSONII

BUCKLEY,S.B.

1843

CAROLINIANA

1843

MISERA

1843

STYLOFLEXA

CAREY,J.

1847

PLATYPHYLLA

1847

SYCHNOCEPHALA

CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUOEL,E.G.

1855

PACHYSTACHYA

CHAPMAN,A.W.

1860

*DIGITALIS

1860

*STELLULATA

CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F.

1862

*STIPATA

CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C.

1847

BALTZELLII

CHEESEMAN,T.F.

1892

*COMANS

1883

DEVIA

1884

PETRIEI

CLARKE,C.B.

1908

AEQUA

1908

FELIPENSIS

1903

ICHANGENSIS

1903

LANCIFOLIA

1903

*LONGICRURIS

1904

PRAINII

1908

PSEUDOJAPONICA

1907

SUBTRANSVERSA

1908

VIOLACEA

CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D.

1906

RHYNCHACHAENIUM

CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.

1939

*ANGUSTIOR

CLOKEY,I.W.

1922

APODA

1919

ARAPAHOENSIS

1939

*INTERIOR

1922

PAYSONIS

1919

SUBIMPRESSA

1919

*TRIBULOIDES

CRONQUIST,A.

1943

OBOVOIDEA

CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A.

1841

AESTIVALIS

DEWEY,C.

1849

*ALOPECOIDEA

1835

ARCTICA

DEWEY,C.

1854

*ARISTATA

1836

BACKANA

1845

BUCKLEYI

1842

*CEPHALOPHORA

1826

COLLECTA

1836

COLUMBIANA

1861

*DOUGLASII

1836

FESTIVA

1846

FLACCOSPERMA

1824

FORMOSA

1846

HALEI

1826

HALSEYANA

1854

HAYDENII

1826

HITCHCOCKIANA

1836

HOOKERANA

1849

IGNOTA

1847

ILLINOENSIS

1857

LAEVI-CONICA

1846

LEAVENWORTHII

1842

MEADII

1857

MEEKII

1836

MIRABILIS

1854

NEBRASKENSIS

1842

NUTTALLII

1835

PARRYANA

1836

PETASATA

1836

PETRICOSA

1861

RAYNOLDSII

1842

SARTWELLII

1825

SCHWEINITZII

1826

SICCATA

1824

TENERA

1825

TRISPERMA

1826

*UMBELLATA

1866

*VAGINATA

1861

VALLICOLA

1846

WOODII

DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.

1859

BARBARAE

1859

THURBERI

1859

WRIGHTII

DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.

1845

COOLEYI

1861

*HIRSUTA

1845

PRAIREA

1845

RETROCURVA

DREJER,S.T.N.

1841

PRATENSIS

ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J.

1846

PREISSII

FERNALD,M.L.

1942

*ABSCONDITA

1942

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

1902

AENEA

FERNALD,M.L.

1902

*ALATA

1942

*AMPHIBOLA

1942

BAYAROI

1902

*CANESCENS

1907

CILIARIS

1902

CRAWFORDII

1902

*CRAWFORDII

1946

*CRINITA

1897

*CRINITA

1937

*CRUS-CORVI

1942

*CUMULATA

1942

*DEBILIS

1913

*DEWEYANA

1941

*DIGITALIS

1938

*DIGITALIS

1902

*ECHINATA

1906

*FLAVA

1935

GARBERI

1935

*GARBERI

1906

*GLAREOSA

1906

HARPERI

1906

HORMATHODES

1942

*INFLATA

1906

*INTERIOR

1942

*INTUMESCENS

1901

KATAHDINENSIS

1933

LANGEANA

1942

*LASIOCARPA

1906

*LAXIFLORA

1926

*LIVIDA

1902

*MIRABILIS

1902

*MIRABILIS

1915

MISANDROIDES

1902

ORONENSIS

1942

*PALLESCENS

1918

*PAUPERCULA

1906

*PAUPERCULA

1907

PERLONGA

1933

X PSEUDO-FULVA

1942

*RICHARDSONII

1941

RUGATA

1902

*SCOPARIA

1921

*SCOPARIA

1902

*STRAMINEA

1902

*TENERA

1942

TERRAE-NOVAE

1933

X TRICHINA

1901

*VESICARIA

1933

*VESICARIA

FERNALD,M.L.

1900

*VESTITA

1933

X XANTHINA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A.

1931

CLIVICOLA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

1911

*HORNSCHUCHIANA

1924

*HOSTIANA

1912

*SCOPARIA

1910

*SCOPARIA

FRANCHET,A.

1895

FARGESII

1896

PTEROLEPTA

FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L.

1879

MACROGLOSSA

1879

*NUTANS

1879

PLANATA

1879

PODOGYNA

GANDOGER,M.

1920

CRANDALLII

GAUDIN,J.F.G.P.

1830

*FLAVA

GRAY,A.

1867

*DEBILIS

GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J.

1836

*OLIGOCARPA

GROSS,R.

1941

*PHALAROIDES

1941

*PIRCHINCHENSIS

1941

*PURPUREOVAGINATA

1941

SALTAENSIS

GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E.

1929

WERDERMANNII

HEMSLEY,W.B.

1885

POTOSINA

HERMANN,F.J.

1955

AMPLISQUAMA

1938

*ARTITECTA

1957

ATHABASCENSIS

1950

ATRACTODES

1963

*BIPARTITA

1967

CHIAPENSIS

1938

X DEAMII

1960

*EGGLESTONII

1957

EURYSTACHYA

1965

*FISSA

1971

GUATEMALENSIS

1957

INCONDITA

1941

*INTERIOR

1938

*LAXIFLORA

1956

LIMNOPHILA

1968

*MICROPTERA

1937

PELOCARPA

1950

PERCOSTATA

1964

PLECTOCARPA

1957

*PRATICOLA

1950

QUICHENSIS

1948

ROANENSIS

1955

VEXANS

1936

*VULPINOIDEA

1954

*WILLDENOWII

HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R.

1949

MURICULATA

HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G. HOLM,H.T.

1855

MERCARENSIS

1903

ACCEDENS

1905

BRACHYPODA

1905

CAMPLYOCARPA

1903

CHALCIOLEPIS

1900

ELYNOIDES

1905

EURYCARPA

1903

*FESTIVA

1902

GYMNOCLADA

1904

LACUNARUM

1905

*LUZULAEFOLIA

1904

MICROCHAETA

1905

OXYCARPA

1905

PACHYSTOMA

1904

PHAEOLEPIS

1904

PHYSOCHLAENA

1902

PRIONPHYLLA

1904

*SCIRPOIDEA

1904

*SCIRPOIDEA

1904

VAGANS

1904

VITREA

HOOKER,J.D.

1887

SCAPOSA

HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C.

1894

ROSAEOIDES

HOWELL,J.T.

1958

JEPSONII

1949

SPECUICOLA

1961

TOMPKINSI

HULTEN,O.E.G.

1942

JACOBI-PETERI

JONES,M.E.

1910

ABORIGINUM

1910

ELRODI

1910

STANTONENSIS

KELSO,L.

1945

ELBERTANA

1950

ERXLEBENIANA

1945

HAGIANA

1947

UNCOMPAHGRE

KNIGHT,O.W.

1906

*TRISPERMA

KOYAMA,T.

1969

OBLANCEOLATA

1959

TAMAKII

KRAUSS,R.

1950

KAUAIENSIS

1950

*PLUVICA

1950

*WAHUENSIS

KRECZETOWICZ,V.I.

1934

PHILOCRENA

KUKENTHAL,G.

1929

*APERTA

1929

*APERTA

1910

ARSENII

1910

*BRUNNEA

1926

CUBENSIS

1926

*CUBENSIS

1926

EKMANII

1910

ELMERI

KUKENTHAL,G.

1929

*EURYCARPA

1929

*INTERRUPTA

1910

*JAMESONI

1910

MERRILLII

1902

MICRANTHA

1899

*MICROGLOCHIN

1911

PYCNOTHYSOS

1910

RAMOSII

1938

SARAWAKETENSIS

1935

SAVAIIENSIS

1920

SUKSDORFII

1920

*SUKSDORFII

KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L.

1929

*EKMANII

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E.

1911

PALAWANENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

1909

*AQUATILIS

1909

*CLADOSTACHYA

1909

*FILIFOLIA

1909

*HINDSII

1909

*LEMANNIANA

1909

*LENTICULARIS

1909

*NUDATA

1909

*PINETORUM

1909

*STIPATA

1909

*TENUIFLORA

KUNTH,C.S.

1837

STEUDELII

LEPAGE,E.

1956

X DUMANII

1956

X EXSALINA

1964

X NEOBIGELOWII

1956

X NEOFILIPENDULA

1956

X NEOPALEACEA

1957

X NUBENS

1962

X PATUENSIS

1964

X QUEBECENSIS

1956

*X SAXENII

1962

*VIRIDULA

LITVINOV,D.I,

1899

*STENOPHYLLA

MACHENZIE

1909

ABRAMSII

1916

ABRUPTA

1935

ACUTINELLA

1910

AESTIVALIFORMIS

1906

AGGLOMERATA

1910

AGGREGATA

1907

AGROSTOIDES

1931

ARCTAEFORMIS

1912

ATROSOUAMA

1931

AUTUMNALIS

1935

AZTECICA

1910

BILTMOREANA

1913

BRAINERDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1913

BREVICAULIS

1907

BREVISQUAMA

1915

BULBOSTYLIS

1910

BUSHII

1935

CAESARIENSIS

1908

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

1906

CONCINNOIDES

1935

CONSPECTA

1916

CONVOLUTA

1914

CRYPTOLEPIS

1916

DAVYI

1910

DEBILIFORMIS

1922

DUDLEYI

1915

EGGLESTONII

1915

EGREGIA

1915

FESTIVELLA

1931

FISSA

1909

FISSURICOLA

1922

FLACCIFOLIA

1922

FRACTA

1910

FULVESCENS

1909

FUSCOTINCTA

1913

GEOPHILA

1916

GRACILIOR

1916

HARFORDII

1922

HELLERI

1909

HOLMIANA

1916

INTEGRA

1931

INVOLUCRATELLA

1916

LANCIFRUCTUS

1935

LEIOPHYLLA

1916

LEPORINELLA

1915

LUNELLIANA

1909

MACROSPERMA

1906

MEDITERRANIA

1923

MERRITT-FERNALDII

1910

MESOCHOREA

1909

MICROPTERA

1935

MISERABILIS

1931

MOHRIANA

1931

MOLESTA

1922

MONTEREYENSIS

1916

MULTICOSTATA

1907

NEOMEXICANA

1909

NUBICOLA

1914

OKLAHOMENSIS

1916

OLYMPICA

1915

ONUSTA

1916

PACHYCARPA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1922

PAUCICOSTATA

1907

PERGLOBOSA

1909

PERSTRICTA

1913

PITYOPHILA

1931

PLATYLEPIS

1931

PRAECEPTORIUM

1908

PROJECTA

1931

PROPOSITA

1935

PURPURIFERA

1915

RUGOSPERMA

1915

RUSBYI

1931

RUTHII

1909

SALINAEFORMIS

1906

SAXIMONTANA

1908

SCABRIUSCULA

1908

SCIRPIFORMIS

1915

SHELDONII

1907

SIMULATA

1909

SMALLIANA

1935

STELLATA

1922

STENOPTERA

1916

SUB-BRACTEATA

1916

TENERAEFORMIS

1931

TOWNSENDII

1922

TRACYI

1907

TUMULICOLA

1922

UNILATERALIS

1931

WIEGANDII

MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J.

1930

LARICINA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.

1923

NEUROPHORA

1923

SUBORBICULATA

1923

VIRIDIOR

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,

1915

CUSICKII

1915

PIPERI

IN RYDBERG,P.A.

1917

ALBO-NIGRA

1917

ANGUSTIOR

1917

EPAPILLOSA

1917

INCURVIFORMIS

1917

LEPTOPODA

1917

NELSONII

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K.

1913

MAGNIFOLIA

MAGUIRE,B.

1944

INTERIMUS

1944

RACHILLIS

1944

*VERNACULA

HOLMGREN,A.H.

1946

*CAMPYLOCARPA

MARIE-VICTORIN, (FRERE)

1929

*OEDERI

MERRILL,E.D.

1918

BAMBUSETORUM

1934

*RUBRO-BRUNNEA

MERRILL,E.O. AND CHUN,N.K.

1935

TSOI

MEYER,C.A.

1831

CIRCINNATA

1831

LEIOCARPA

1831

NIGRICANS

MOHR,C.

1910

*STIPATA

MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW I,C.,L.

1805

RETROFLEXA

NELMES,E.

1938

EXPLORATORUM

1939

SCHNEIDERI

1955

TRICHOPHYLLA

O’NEILL,H.T.

1940

BARTLETTII

O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M.

1941

DUTILLYI

OHWI,J.

1934

APODOSTACHYA

1931

CUNEATA

1934

HATUSIMANA

1932

HYMENODON

1933

KURILENSIS

1932

RUGATA

1952

TETSUOI

OLNEY,S.T.

1871

PORTERI

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H.

1884

*ADUSTA

1888

*DEWEYANA

1886

*LEPORINA

1886

DREGONENSIS

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M.

1894

*WILLDENOVII

OLNEY.S.T. EX BOOTT.W. IN WATSON,S.

1880

MENDOCINENSIS

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

1868

ATHROSTACHYA

1868

CINNAMOMEA

1868

GYNODYNAMA

1868

LUZULINA

1868

SARTWELLIANA

1868

WHITNEYI

OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V.

1872

HALLII

OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.

1871

*AUREA

1871

HAYDENIANA

1871

WATSONI

PARISH,S.B.

1905

AUSTROMONTANA

1905

JACINTOENSIS

PECK,C.H.

1895

*ROSEA

1894

*ROSEA

1895

*STIPATA

1893

*TORTA

PETRIE,D.

1881

KALOIDES S

1882

LONGICULMI

PIPER,C.V.

1906

*HOODII

1906

PHAEOCEPHALA

PORSILD,A.E.

1943

*ATROFUSCA

1939

KOKRINENSIS

1939

MELOZITNENSIS

1943

MORRISSEYI

PRESL,K.B.

1828

ANTHOXANTHERA

RAUP,H.M.

1947

SOPERI

RAYMOND,M.

1959

SURCULOSA

1959

ZIZANIAEFOLIA

ROACH,A.W.

1952

DIVERSISTYLIS

RYDBERG,P.A.

1901

EBENEA

SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.

1855

CHAPMANI

1849

SCABRIOR

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

1824

COSTATA

1824

CRISTATA

1824

GRACILLIMA

1824

NIGRO-MARGINATA

1824

NOVAE-ANGLIAE

SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J.

1824

BARRATTII

SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G.

1844

CRUS-CORVI

ST.JOHN,H.

1947

VITIENSIS

STACEY,J.W.

1938

CONSTANCEANA

1937

CURATORIUM

1939

DANAENSIS

1938

EASTWOODIANA

1936

OBISPOENSIS

1937

SONOMENSIS

1939

SUBNIGRICANS

STANDLEY,P.C.

1947

STEYERMARKII

STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

1953

CUCHUMATANENSIS

1947

HUEHUETECA

1953

TOJQUIANENSIS

1953

TUNIMANENSIS

1953

VENOSIVAGINATA

STEUDECE.G.

1855

AMPHIBOLA

1855

AUROLENSIS

1855

FLACCIDULA

1855

INCISO-DENTATA

1855

MACROKOLEA

1855

PICTA

1855

PRESLII

1855

PTYCHOCARPA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

1964

AZUAYAE

1951

CULMENICOLA

1951

LARENSIS

1951

RORAIMENSIS

1952

STANDLEYANA

1951

TACHIRENSIS

1951

TAMANA

1954

TOREADORA

1951

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

SUKSDORF,W.N.

1923

*NEBRASKENSIS

1906

PADDOENSIS

TORREY.J.

1836

ALATA

1836

JAMESII

TORREY,J.

1836

SCOULERI

1836

TURGESCENS

TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.

1836

CAREYANA

1846

HETEROSTACHYA

1836

HOUGHTONIANA

TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C.

1854

WILKESII

TUCKERMAN,E.

1843

ALOPECOIDEA

1843

*CANESCENS

1843

*SCOPARIA

TUCKERMAN.E. EX DEWEY,C.

1860

ARGYRANTHA

TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY.S.T. IN GRAY,A.

1868

GLAUCODEA

UNDERWOOD,J.K.

1945

*OXYLEPIS

WAHLENBERG,G.

1803

AQUATILIS

WATERFALL,U.T.

1954

LATEBRACTEATA

WEATHERBY,C.A.

1936

MACKENZIANA

WIEGAND,K.M.

1922

CREBRIFLORA

1922

ORMOSTACHYA

WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C.

1866

PUBLICATION-DATE INDEX

DATE

TAXON

AUTHOR

1803

AQUATILIS

WAHL ENTBERG,G.

1805

RETROFLEXA

MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L.

1819

PODOCARPA

BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J.

RICHARDSONII

BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,.

1824

BARRATTII

SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J.

COSTATA

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

CRISTATA

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

FORMOSA

DEWEY,C.

GRACILLIMA

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

NIGPO-MARGINATA

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

NOVAE-ANGLIAE

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

TENERA

DEWEY,C.

1825

SCHWEINITZII

DEWEY,C.

TRISPEPMA

DEWEY,C.

1826

COLLECTA

DEWEY,C.

HALSEYANA

DEWEY,C.

HITCHCOCKIANA

DEWEY,C.

SICCATA

DEWEY,C.

*UMBELLATA

DEWEY,C.

1828

ANTHOXANTHERA

PRESL,K.B.

1830

*FLAVA

GAUDIN,J.F.G.P.

1831

CIRCINNATA

MEYER,C.A.

LEIOCARPA

MEYER,C.A.

NIGRICANS

MEYER,C.A.

1835

ARCTICA

DEWEY,C.

PARRYANA

DEWEY,C.

1836

ALATA

TORREY,J.

BACKANA

DEWEY,C.

CAREYANA

TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.

COLUMBIANA

DEWEY,C.

FESTIVA

DEWEY,C.

HOOKERANA

DEWEY,C.

HOUGHTONIANA

TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.

JAMESII

TORREY,J.

MIRABILIS

DEWEY,C.

*OLIGOCARPA

GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J.

PETASATA

DEWEY,C.

PETRICOSA

DEWEY,C.

SCOULERI

TORREY,J.

TURGESCENS

TORREY,J.

1837

STEUDELII

KUNTH,C.S.

1839

APERTA

BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.

BACKII

BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.

FRANKLINII

BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.

HEPBURNII

BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.

1841

AESTIVALIS

CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A.

PRATENSIS

OREJER,S.T.N.

1842

*CEPHALOPHORA

DEWEY,C.

MEAOII

DEWEY,C.

1842

NUTTALLII

DEWEY,C.

SARTWELLII

DEWEY,C.

1843

ALOPECOIDEA

TUCKERMAN,E.

*CANESCENS

TUCKERMAN,E.

CAROLINIANA

BUCKLEY,S.B.

MISERA

BUCKLEY,S.B.

*SCOPARIA

TUCKERMAN.E.

STYLOFLEXA

BUCKLEY,S.B.

1844

CRUS-CORVI

SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G.

1845

BUCKLEYI

DEWEY,C.

COOLEYI

DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.

PRAIREA

DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.

RETROCURVA

DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.

1846

BANKSII

BOOTT,F.

FLACCOSPERMA

OEWEY,C.

GEYERT

BOOTT,F.

GRIFFITHII

BOOTT,F.

HALE1

DEWEY,C.

HETEROSTACHYA

TORREY,J. EX OEWEY,C.

LEAVENWORTHII

DEWEY,C.

PREISSII

ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J.

SANGUINEA

BOOTT,F.

WOODII

DEWEY,C.

1847

BALTZELLII

CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C.

ILLINOENSIS

DEWEY,C.

PLATYPHYLLA

CAREY,J.

SYCHNOCEPHAIA

CAREY,J.

1849

*ALOPECOIDEA

DEWEY,C.

IGNOTA

DEWEY,C.

SCABRIOR

SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.

1854

*ARISTATA

DEWEY,C.

HAYDENII

DEWEY,C.

NEBRASKENSIS

DEWEY,C.

WILKESII

TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C.

1855

AMPHIBOLA

STEUDEL,E.G.

AUROLENSIS

STEUDEL,E.G.

CHAPMAN I

SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.

FLACCIDULA

STEUDEL,E.G.

INCISO-DENTATA

STEUDEL,E.G.

MACROKOLEA

STEUDEL,E.G.

MERCARENSIS

HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUOEL,E.G.

PACHYSTACHYA

CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G.

PICTA

STEUDEL,E.G.

PRESLII

STEUDEL,E.G.

PTYCHOCARPA

STEUOEL,E.G.

1856

TRIANGULARIS

BOECKELER,J.O.

1857

LAEVI-CONICA

DEWEY,C.

MEEKII

DEWEY,C.

1858

*CRINTTA

BOOTT,F.

1859

BARBARAE

DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.

CONFERTIFLORA

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

MICANS

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

NANA

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

PAPULOSA

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

PARCIFLORA

BOOTT,F.

PICTA

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

THURBERI

DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.

WRIGHTII

DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN

1860

ARGYRANTHA

TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C. EMORY,W.H.

*DIGITALIS

CHAPMAN,A.W.

*STELLULATA

CHAPMAN,A.W.

*TENTACULATA

BOOTT,F.

1861

*DOUGLASII

DEWEY,C.

*HIRSUTA

DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.

RAYNOLOSII

DEWEY,C.

VALLICOLA

DEWEY,C.

1862

CONJUNCTA

BOOTT,F.

*SCOPARIA

BOOTT,F.

*STIPATA

CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F.

1863

*BONPLANDII

BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.

1866

*VAGINATA

DEWEY,C.

XEROCARPA

WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C.

1867

*ACUTA

BOOTT,F.

BREWERI

BOOTT,F.

*DEBILIS

GRAY,A.

HEBETATA

BOOTT,F.

LACINIATA

BOOTT,F.

OLIGANTHA

BOOTT,F.

1868

ATHROSTACHYA

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

CINNAMOMEA

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

GLAUCODEA

TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

GYNOOYNAMA

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

LUZULINA

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

SARTWELLIANA

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

WHITNEYI

OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.

1871

*AUREA

OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.

HAYDENIANA

OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.

PORTERI

OLNEY,S.T.

WATSONI

OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.

1872

HALLII

OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V.

1875

FENDLERIANA

BOECKELER,J.O.

1877

BURCHELLIANA

BOECKELER,J.O.

*LONGIROSTRIS

BOECKELER,J.O.

1879

MACROGLOSSA

FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.

*NUTANS

FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.

PLANATA

FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.

PODOGYNA

FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.

1880

HETEPONEURA

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

1880

KELLOGGII

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

MENOOCINENSIS

OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S

NUDATA

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

PHYLLOMANICA

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

*SCOPARIA

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

SUBFUSCA

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

1881

KALOIDES

PETRIE,D.

1882

LONGICULMIS

PETRIE,D.

1883

DEVIA

CHEESEMAN,T.F.

SCHAFFNERI

BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.

1884

*ADUSTA

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.

ASSINIBOINENSIS

BOOTT,W.

*CANESCENS

BAILEY,L.H.

HALLIANA

BAILEY,L.H.

LEMMONI

BOOTT,W.

PETRIEI

CHEESEMAN,T.F.

PRAEGRACILIS

BOOTT,W.

1885

NERVINA POTOSINA

BAILEY,L.H. HEMSLEY,W.B.

1886

*BRONGNIARTII

BAILEY,L.H.

ENGELMANNI

BAILEY,L.H.

FUSCOLUTEA

BOECKELER,J.O.

*GAYANA

BAILEY,L.H.

I NOP S

BAILEY,L.H.

*LEPORINA

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.

*MARCIDA

BAILEY,L.H.

OREGONENSIS

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.

*RETROCURVA

BAILEY,L.H.

*STYLOSA

BAILEY,L.H.

ULTRA

BAILEY,L.H.

1887

SCAPOSA

HOOKER,J.D.

1888

*DEWEYANA

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.

PANSA

BAILEY,L.H.

*ROSEA

BAILEY,L.H.

1889

ACUTINA ALBIDA

BAILEY,L.H. BAILEY,L.H.

ALMA

BAILEY,L.H.

CALIFORNICA

BAILEY,L.H.

COMMUNIS

BAILEY,L.H.

DONNELL-SMITHII

BAILEY,L.H.

ELEOCHARIS

BAILEY,L.H.

*FESTIVA

BAILEY,L.H.

*FOENEA

BAILEY,L.H.

*GRISEA

BAILEY,L.H.

* HOOD 11

BAILEY,L.H.

ILLOTA

BAILEY,L.H.

JONESII

BAILEY,L.H.

*MILIARIS

BAILEY,L.H.

SPECIFICA

BAILEY,L.H.

1889

SPRETA

BAILEY,L.H.

*STRAMINEA

BAILEY,L.H.

*STRAMINEA

BAILEY,L.H.

*TERETTUSCULA

BAILEY,L.H.

VICARIA

BAILEY,L.H.

1890

*PRATENSIS

BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN

1891

QUADRIFIDA

BAILEY,L.H.

*QUAORIFIDA

BAILEY,L.H.

1892

*COMANS

CHEESEMAN,T.F.

MONTANENSIS

BAILEY,L.H.

PRINGLEI

BAILEY,L.H.

XERANTICA

BAILEY,L.H.

1893

AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

BAILEY,L.H.

OURIFOLIA

BAILEY,L.H.

FETA

BAILEY,L.H.

INTERIOR

BAILEY,L.H.

*STERILIS

BAILEY,L.H.

*TORTA

PECK,C.H.

1894

ROSAEOIDES

HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C.

*ROSEA

PECK,C.H.

*WILLDENOVII

OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M.

1895

FARGESII

FRANCHET,A.

*ROSEA

PECK,C.H.

*STIPATA

PECK,C.H.

*STRICTA

BRITTON,N.L.

1896

DURANOII

BOECKELER,J.O.

EGGERTII

BAILEY,L.H.

HASSEI

BAILEY,L.H.

IDAHOA

BAILEY,L.H.

MANDONIANA

BOECKELER,J.O.

*NEBRASKENSIS

BAILEY,L.H.

PTEROLEPTA

FRANCHET,A.

*XANTHOCARPA

BICKNELL,E.P.

1897

*CRINITA

FERNALD,M.L.

1898

MADRENSIS

BAILEY,L.H.

OAXACANA

BAILEY,L.H.

SEATONIANA

BAILEY,L.H.

1899

*MICROGLOCHIN

KUKENTHAL,G.

*STENOPHYLLA

LITVINOV,D.I.

1900

ELYNOIOES

HOLM,H.T.

*VESTITA

FERNALD,M.L.

1901

BONANZENSIS

BRITTON,N.L.

EBENEA

RYDBERG,P.A.

KATAHDINENSIS

FERNALD,M.L.

*VESICARIA

PERNALD,M.L.

WILLIAMSII

BRITTON,N.L.

YUKONENSIS

BRITTON,N.L.

1902

AENEA

FERNALD,M.L.

*AUTA

FERNALD,M.L.

1902

*CANESCENS

FERNALD,M.L.

CRAWFORDII

FERNALD,M.L.

*CRAWFORDII

FERNALD,M.L.

*ECHINATA

FERNALD,M.L.

GYMNOCLAOA

HOLM,H.T.

MICRANTHA

KUKENTHAL,G.

*MIRABILIS

FERNALD,M.L.

*MIRABILIS

FERNALD,M.L.

ORONENSIS

FERNALD,M.L.

PRIONPHYLLA

HOLM,H.T.

*SCOPARIA

FERNALD,M.L.

*STRAMINEA

FERNALD,M.L.

*TENERA

FERNALD,M.L.

1903

ACCEDENS

HOLM,H.T.

CHALCIOLEPIS

HOLM.H.T.

*FESTIVA

HOLM,H.T.

ICHANGENSIS

CLARKE,C.B.

LANCIFOLIA

CLARKE,C.B.

*LONGICRURIS

CLARKE,C.B.

1904

LACUNARUM

HOLM,H.T.

MICROCHAETA

HOLM,H.T.

PHAEOLEPIS

HOLM,H.T.

PHYSOCHLAENA

HOLM,H.T.

PRAINII

CLARKE.C.B.

*SCIRPOIOEA

HOLM,H.T.

*SCIRPOIOEA

HOLM,H.T.

VAGANS

HOLM,H.T.

VITREA

HOLM,H.T.

1905

AUSTROMONTANA

PARISH,S.B.

BRACHYPODA

HOLM,H.T.

CAMPLYOCARPA

HOLM,H.T.

EURYCARPA

HOLM,H.T.

JACINTOENSIS

PARISH,S.B.

*LUZULAEFOLIA

HOLM,H.T.

OXYCARPA

HOLM,H.T.

PACHYSTOMA

HQLM,H.T.

UNDERWOODII

BRITTON,N.L.

1906

AGGLOMERATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CONCINNOIDES

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*FLAVA

FERNALD,M.L.

*GLAREOSA

FERNALD,M.L.

HARPERI

FERNALD,M.L.

*HOODII

PIPER,C.V.

HORMATHOOES

FERNALD,M.L.

*INTERIOR

FERNALD,M.L.

*LAXTFLORA

FERNALD,M.L.

MEDITERRANIA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PAOOOENSIS

SUKSOORF,W.N.

*PAUPERCULA

FERNALD,M.L.

1906

PHAEOCEPHALA

PIPER,C.V.

RHYNCHACHAENIUM

CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D.

SAXIMONTANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*TRISPERMA

KNIGHT,O.W.

1907

AGROSTOIDES

MACKENZIE,K.K.

BREVISQUAMA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CILIARIS

FERNALD,M.L.

NEOMEXICANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PERGLOBOSA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PERLONGA

FERNALD,M.L.

SIMULATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

SUBTRANSVERSA

CLARKE,C.B.

TUMULICOLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1908

ABDITA

BICKNELL,E.P.

AEQUA

CLARKE,C.B.

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

FELIPENSIS

CLARKE,C.B.

INCOMPERTA

BICKNELL,E.P.

PROJECTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PSEUDOJAPONICA

CLARKE,C.B.

SCABRIUSCULA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

SCIRPIFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

VIOLACEA

CLARKE,C.B.

1909

ABRAMSII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*AQUATILIS

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

*CLADOSTACHYA

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

*FILIFOLIA

KUKFNTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

FISSURICOLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

FUSCOTINCTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*HINDSII

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

HOLMIANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*LEMANNIANA

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

*LENTICULARIS

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

MACROSPERMA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MICROPTERA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

NUBICOLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*NUDATA

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

PERSTRICTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*PINETORUM

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

SALINAEFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

SMALLIANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*STIPATA

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

*TENUIFLORA

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.

1910

ABORIGINUM

JONES,M.E.

AESTIVALIFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

AGGREGATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

ARSENII

KUKENTHAL,G.

BILTMOREANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*BRUNNEA

KUKENTHAL,G.

1910

BUSHII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

DEBILIFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

ELMERI

KUKENTHAL,G.

ELRODI

JONES,M.E.

FULVESCENS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*JAMESONI

KUKENTHAL,G.

MERRILLII

KUKENTHAL,G.

MESOCHOREA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

RAMOSII

KUKENTHAL,G.

*SCOPARIA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

STANTONENSIS

JONES,M.E.

*STIPATA

MOHR,C.

1911

*HORNSCHUCHIANA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

PALAWANENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E.

PYCNOTHYSOS

KUKENTHAL,G.

1912

ATROSQUAMA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*SCOPARIA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

1913

BRAINERDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

BREVICAULIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*DEWEYANA

FERNALD.M.L.

GEOPHILA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MAGNIFOLIA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K.

PITYOPHILA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1914

CRYPTOLEPIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

OKLAHOMENSIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1915

BULBOSTYLIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CUSICKII

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K.

EGGLESTONII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

EGREGIA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

FESTIVELLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

LUNELLIANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MISANDROIDES

FERNALD,M.L.

ONUSTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PIPERI

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K.

RUGOSPERMA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

RUSBYI

MACKENZIE,K.K.

SHELDONII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1916

ABRUPTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CONVOLUTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

DAVYI

MACKENZIE,K.K.

GRACILIOR

MACKENZIE,K.K.

HARFORDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

INTEGRA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

LANCIFRUCTUS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

LEPORINELLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MARIPOSANA

BAILEY,L.H.

MULTICOSTATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

OLYMPICA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PACHYCARPA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1916

SUB-BRACTEATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

TENERAEFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1917

ALBO-NIGRA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.

ANGUSTIOR

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.

EPAPILLOSA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.

INCURVIFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.

LEPTOPODA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.

NELSONII

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PYDBERG,P.A.

1918

BAMBUSETORUM

MERRILL,E.D.

*PAUPERCULA

FERNALD,M.L.

1919

ARAPAHOENSIS

CLOKEY,I.W.

SUBIMPRESSA

CLOKEY,I.W.

*TRIBULOIDES

CLOKEY,I.W.

1920

CHIKUNGANA

BAILEY,L.H.

CRANDALLII

GANOOGER,M.

KULINGANA

BAILEY,L.H.

SUKSDORFII

KUKENTHAL,G.

*SUKSDORFII

KUKENTHAL,G.

1921

*SCOPARIA

FERNALD,M.L.

1922

APODA

CLOKEY,I.W.

CREBRIFLORA

WIEGAND,K.M.

DUDLEYI

MACKENZIE,K.K.

FLACCIFOLIA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

FRACTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

HELLERI

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MONTEREYENSIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

ORMOSTACHYA

WIEGAND,K.M.

PAUCTCOSTATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PAYSONIS

CLOKEY,I.W.

STENOPTERA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

TRACYI

MACKENZIE,K.K.

UNILATERALIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1923

MERRITT-FERNALDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

*NEBRASKENSIS

SUKSDORF,W.N.

NEUROPHORA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.

SUBORBICULATA

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.

VIRIOIOR

MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.

1924

*HOSTIANA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

1926

CUBENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G.

*CUBENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G.

EKMANII

KUKENTHAL,G.

*LIVIDA

FERNALD,M.L.

1929

*APERTA

KUKENTHAL,G.

*APEPTA

KUKENTHAL,G.

*EKMANII

KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L.

*EURYCARPA

KUKENTHAL,G.

*INTERRUPTA

KUKENTHAL,G.

*OEDERI

MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE)

WEROERMANNII

GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E.

1930

LARICINA

MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J.

TAHITENSIS

BROWN,F.B.H.

1931

ARCTAEFORMIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

AUTUMNAL IS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CLIVICOLA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A.

CUNEATA

OHWI,J.

FISSA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

INVOLUCRATELLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MOHRIANA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MOLESTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PLATYLEPIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PRAECEPTORIUM

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PROPOSITA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

RUTHII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

TOWNSENDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

WIEGANDII

MACKENZIE,K.K.

1932

HYMENODON

OHWI,J.

RUGATA

OHW, J.

1933

KURILENSIS

OHWI,J.

LANGEANA

FERNALD,M.L.

X PSEUDO-FULVA

FERNALD,M.L.

X TRICHINA

FERNALD,M.L.

*VESICARIA

FERNALD,M.L.

X XANTHINA

FERNALD,M.L.

1934

APODOSTACHYA

OHWI,J.

HATUSIMANA

OHWI,J.

PHILOCRENA

KRECZETOWICZ,V.I.

*RUBRO-BRUNNEA

MERRILL,E.D.

1935

ABLATA

BAILEY,L.H.

ACUTINELLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

AZTECICA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CAESARIENSIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

CONSPECTA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

GARBERI

FERNALD,M.L.

*GARBERI

FERNALD,M.L.

LEIOPHYLLA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

MISERABILIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

PURPURIFERA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

SAVAIIENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G.

STELLATA

MACKENZIE,K.K.

TSOI

MERRILL,E.D. AND CHUN,N.K.

1936

MACKENZIANA

WEATHERBY,C.A.

OBISPOENSIS

STACEY,J.W.

*VULPINOIDEA

HERMANN,F.J.

1937

*CRUS-CORVI

FERNALD,M.L.

CURATORIUM

STACEY,J.W.

PELOCARPA

HERMANN,F.J.

SONOMENSIS

STACEY,J.W.

1938

*ARTITECTA

HERMANN,F.J.

1938

CONSTANCEANA

STACEY,J.W.

X DEAMII

HERMANN,F.J.

*DIGITALIS

FERNALD,M.L.

EASTWOODIANA

STACEY,J.W.

EX-PLORATORUM

NELMES,E.

*LAXIFLORA

HERMANN,F.J.

SARAWAKETENSIS

KUKENTHAL,G.

1939

*ANGUSTIOR

CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.

DANAENSIS

STACEY,J.W.

*INTERIOR

CLOKEY,I.W.

KOKRINENSIS

PORSILD,A.E.

MELOZITNENSIS

PORSILD,A.E.

SCHNEIDERI

NELMES,E.

SUBNIGRICANS

STACEY,J.W.

1940

BARTLETTII

O’NEILL,H.T.

1941

*IGITALIS

FERNALD,M.L.

DUTILLYI

O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M.

*INTERIOR

HERMANN,F.J.

*PHALAROIDES

GROSS,R.

*PIRCHINCHENSIS

GROSS,R.

*PURPUREOVAGINATA

GROSS,R.

RUGATA

FERNALD,M.L.

SALTAENSIS

GROSS,R.

1942

*ABSCONDITA

FERNALD,M.L.

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

FERNALD,M.L.

*AMPHIBOLA

FERNALD,M.L.

BAYARDI

FERNALD,M.L.

*CUMULATA

FERNALD,M.L.

*DEBILIS

FERNALD,M.L.

*INFLATA

FERNALD,M.L.

*INTUMESCENS

FERNALD,M.L.

JACOBI-PETERI

HULTEN,O.E.G.

*LASIOCARPA

FERNALD,M.L.

*PALLESCENS

FERNALD,M.L.

*RIGHARDSONII

FERNALD,M.L.

TERRAE-NOVAE

FERNALD,M.L.

1943

*ATROFUSCA

PORSILD,A.E.

MORRISSEYI

PORSILD,A.E.

OBOVOIDEA

CRONQUIST,A.

1944

INTERIMUS

MAGUIRE,B.

RACHILLIS

MAGUIRE,B.

*VERNACULA

MAGUIRE,B.

1945

ELBERTANA

KELSO,L.

HAGIANA

KELSO,L.

*OXYLEPIS

UNDERWOOD,J.K.

1946

*CAMPYLOCARPA

MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.

*CRINITA

FERNALD,M.L.

1947

ACROPHILA

BLAKE,S.T.

BREVIS

BLAKE,S.T.

1947

EREMOSTACHYA

BLAKE,S.T.

HUEKUETECA

STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

LAMPROCHLAMYS

BLAKE,S.T.

MELANOPHORA

BLAKE,S.T.

PERILEIA

BLAKE,S.T.

SOPERI

RAUP,H.M.

STEYERMARKII

STANDLEY,P.C.

UNCOMPAHGRE

KELSO,L.

VITIENSIS

ST.JOHN,H.

1948

ROANENSIS

HERMANN,F.J.

1949

MURICULATA

HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R.

SPECUICOLA

HOWELL,J.T.

1950

ATRACTODES

HERMANN,F.J.

ERXLEBENIANA

KELSO,L.

KAUAIENSIS

KRAUSS,R.

PERCOSTATA

HERMANN,F.J.

*PLUVICA

KRAUSS,R.

QUICHENSIS

HERMANN,F.J.

*WAHUENSIS

KRAUSS,R.

1951

CULMENICOLA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

LARENSIS

STEYERMARK,J.A.

RORAIMENSIS

STEYERMARK,J.A.

TACHIRENSIS

STEYERMARK,J.A.

TAMANA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

STEYERMARK,J.A.

1952

DIVERSISTYLIS

ROACH,A.W.

STANDLEYANA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

TETSUOI

OHWI,J.

1953

CUCHUMATANENSIS

STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

TOJQUIANENSIS

STANDLEY,P.C AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

TUNIMANENSIS

STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

VENOSIVAGINATA

STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.

1954

LATEBRACTEATA

WATERFALL,U.T.

TOREADORA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

*WILLDENOWII

HERMANN,F.J.

1955

AMPLISQUAMA

HERMANN,F.J.

TRICHOPHYLLA

NELMES,E.

VEXANS

HERMANN,F.J.

1956

X DUMANII

LEPAGE,E.

X EXSALINA

LEPAGE,E.

LIMNOPHILA

HERMANN,F.J.

X NEOFILIPENDULA

LEPAGE,E.

X NEOPALEACEA

LEPAGE,E.

*X SAXENII

LEPAGE,E.

1957

ATHABASCENSIS

HERMANN,F.J.

EURYSTACHYA

HERMANN,F.J.

INCONDITA

HERMANN,F.J.

X NUBENS

LEPAGE,E.

*PRATICOLA

HERMANN,F.J.

1958

JEPSONII

HOWELL,J.T.

1959

SURCULOSA

RAYMOND,M.

TAMAKII

KOYAMA,T.

ZIZANIAEFOLIA

RAYMOND,M.

1960

*EGGLESTONII

HERMANN,F.J.

1961

*TOMPKINSI

HOWELL,J.T.

1962

X PATUENSIS

LEPAGE,E.

*VIRIDULA

LEPAGE,E.

1963

*BIPARTITA

HERMANN,F.J.

1964

AZUAYAE

STEYERMARK,J.A.

X NEOBIGELOWII

LEPAGE,E.

PLECTOCARPA

HERMANN,F.J.

X QUEBECENSIS

LEPAGE,E.

1965

*FISSA

HERMANN,F.J.

1967

CHIAPENSIS

HERMANN,F.J.

1968

*MICROPTERA

HERMANN,F.J.

1969

OBLANCEOLATA

KOYAMA,T.

1971

GUATEMALENSIS

HERMANN

COLLECTOR INDEX

NUMBER

DATE COLLECTED

TAXON

---

2688

25 MAY 1897

BILTMOREANA

---

-- --- 1843

*CANESCENS

---

---

CRISTATA

---

-- AUG 1827

*FLAVA

---

---

PRAIREA

ABRAMS,L.

2816

31 JUL 1902

ABRAMSII

ALLEN,J.A.

21A

01 JUL 1878

*PAUPERCULA

AMANO,T.

6358

-- MAY 1951

TETSUOI

ANDERSON,J.P.

4871

19 AUG 1938

JACOBI-PETERI

ARSENE,G.(FRERE)

3054

16 JUL 1909

ARSENII

1359

01 AUG 1907

CONSPECTA

ARSENE,L.(FRERE)

- --

28 JUL 1902

FULVESCENS

BAILEY,L.H.

---

13 JUN 1917

CHIKUNGANA

---

18 JUL 1917

KULINGANA

161

01 JUN 1886

*RETROCURVA

BAKER,C.F.

811

10 MAY 1902

AEQUA

226

-- AUG 1899

CHALCIOLEPIS

230

-- AUG 1899

ELYNOIDES

232

-- AUG 1899

*FESTIVA

232

-- AUG 1899

NUBICOLA

---

---

SAXIMONTANA

BANG,M.

2210

---

*CLADOSTACHYA

2376

---

*JAMESONI

BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER, D.C.

---

-- --- 1769

BANKSII

BARTLETT,H.H.

11718A

24 FEB 1931

BARTLETTII

BEAMAN,J.H.

3880

31 JUL 1960

GUATEMALENSIS

BEAN,R.S.; HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H.

11228

21 DEC 1931

*WAHUENSIS

BICKNELL,E.P.

---

11 MAY 1904

ABDITA

---

20 JUN 1908

INCOMPERTA

BIGELOW,J.M.

---

-- --- 1853-1854

ALBIDA

---

-- --- 1853-1854

*BRONGNIARTII

1547

---

NEOMEXICANA

BILTMORE HERBARIUM

BILTMORE HERBARIUM

262A

28 MAY 1897

*STIPATA

BIOLETTI,F.T.

1

25 JUN 1893

TUMULICOLA

BOLANDER,H.N.

6213

17 JUN 1863

ATHROSTACHYA

4741

01 MAY 1866

CALIFORNICA

6477

-- --- 1866

CINNAMOMEA

6477

-- --- 1866

DEBILIFORMIS

50

----

FETA

3822

--- APR 1864

GRACILIOR

4700

-- --- 1866

GYNODYNAMA

5074

---

HAYDENIANA

4740

-- --- 1866

LUZULINA

4701

-- --- 1866

MENDOCINENSIS

2299

-- ---- 1860-1867

NUDATA

6198

-- JUL 1866

PAUCICOSTATA

4746

-- --- 1866

PHYLLOMANICA

5046

-- --- 1866

QUADRIFIDA

5046

-- --- 1866

*QUADRIFIDA

4702

-- --- 1866

SALINAEFORMIS

---

-- --- 1860 CA.

SUB-BRACTEATA

5086

-- --- 1866

WHITNEYI

6198

-- --- 1866

WHITNEYI

BOOTT,W.

---

26 JUL 1865

*SCOPARIA

BOURGEAU,E.

---

-- --- 1857-1859

*LONGIROSTRIS

BRAINERD,E.

121

19 JUL 1897

BRAINERDII

160

18 JUL 1897

*ECHINATA

111

11 JUL 1897

*FILIFOLIA

---

19 JUL 1898

*INTUMESCENS

BRASS,L.J.

9515

-- AUG 1938

ACROPHILA

4418

-- MAY-JUL 1933

BREVIS

10255

-- OCT 1938

EREMOSTACHYA

5323

-- SEP-NOV 1933

LAMPROCHLAMYS

9583

-- AUG 1938

PERILEIA

BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E.

9828

-- SEP 1938

MELANOPHORA

BREEDLOVE,D.E.

6714

30 JUL 1964

CHIAPENSIS

BREWER,W.H.

1650

17 JUN 1863

ATHROSTACHYA

1422

-- --- 1863

BREWERI

1977

31 JUL 1863

PACHYCARPA

1636

-- --- 1863

SARTWELLIANA

1969

31 JUL 1863

*SCOPARIA

1969

31 JUL 1863

SPECIFICA

BREWER,W.H.

1778

04 JUL 1863

WHITNEYI

BRIGHT,J.

---

18 MAY 1923

PURPURIFERA

BRITTQN,N.L.

---

06 JUL 1895

*XANTHOCARPA

BROWN,D.M.

255

02 AUG 1936

ROANENSIS

BUCKLEY,S.B.

---

---

AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

---

---

BUCKLEYI

---

---

CAROLINIANA

---

---

MISERA

---

---

STYLOFLEXA

BURCHELUW. J.

1911

---

BURCHELLIANA

BURT-DAVY,J.

3266

25-30 JUN 1897

DAVYI

BUSH,B.F.

1718

25 MAY 1902

AGGLOMERATA

1718

25 MAY 1902

AGGREGATA

2514

30 APR 1905

BUSHII

1043

18 MAY 1895

FISSA

7020

02 JUN 1913

LUNELLIANA

993

22 MAY 1895

OKLAHOMENSIS

CANBY,W.M.

350

03 AUG 1883

MONTANENSIS

CAREY,J.

---

-- MAY 1832

CAREYANA

---

---

PLATYPHYLLA

---

---

SYCHNOCEPHALA

CARY,M.

613

11 JUL 1910

ALBO-NIGRA

CHAMISSO,L.A.

---

---

CIRCINNATA -

---

---

NIGRICANS

---

---

PACHYSTACHYA

CHAPMAN,A.W.

---

---

BALTZELLII

113

---

CHAPMANI

---

-- --- 1842

*DIGITALIS

---

---

MAGNIFOLIA

---

---

*STELLULATA

---

---

*STIPATA

CHASE,A.

8283

17 JAN 1925

*PURPUREOVAGINATA

CHEESEMAN,T.F.

---

-- JAN 1883

*COMANS

83

-- JAN 1882

DEVIA

---

-- JAN 1883

PETRIEI

CHRISTOPHERSEN,E.

800

24 SEP 1929

SAVAIIENSIS

CHUN,N.K. AND TSO,C.L.

43680

-- --- 1932-1933

TSOI

CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.

2532

06 JUN 1937

*ANGUSTIOR

CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S.

34297

28 JUL 1933

EXPLORATORUM

5546

-- MAR 1937

SARAWAKETENSIS

CLEMENTS,F.

---

-- --- 1900

EBENEA

CLOKEY,I.W.

3227

29 JUL 1918

ARAPAHOENSIS

7468

19 JUN 1937

*INTERIOR

2338

06 AUG 1915

SUBIMPRESSA

2364

07 AUG 1915

*TRIBULOIDES

COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.

---

03-17 AUG 1905

*GARBERI

COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S.

---

05-08 AUG 1904

*FLAVA

COLLINS,Z.

---

---

BARRATTII

COOLEY,D.

74

---

*ALOPECOIDEA

---

---

COOLEYI

COVILLE,F.V.

1455

11 SEP 1902

BRACHYPODA

1457

11 SEP 1902

CAMPLYOCARPA

1362

03 SEP 1902

PACHYSTOMA

CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.

---

---

WOODII

CRAWE,J.B.

---

---

*OLIGOCARPA

CRONQUIST,A.

2872

03 JUL 1941

OBOVOIDEA

CROOM,H.B.

---

-- --- 1834

ALATA

CURTIS,M.A.

---

-- JUL 1841

AESTIVALIS

CURTISS,A.H.

3267

-- SEP 1882

CREBRIFLORA

6761

15 APR 1901

MOHRIANA

CUSICK,W.C.

1331

-- JUL 1886

CUSICKII

2487

28 AUG 1900

GYMNOCLADA

2849

30 JUN 1902

SCABRIUSCULA

1331

-- JUL 1886

*TERETIUSCULA

DAVIS,E.

---

--

HALSEYANA

DAVIS,E.

---

-- --- 1823

HITCHCOCKIANA

---

---

SICCATA

DEAM,C.C.

54764

05 MAY 1934

*ARTITECTA

10927

05 JUN 1912

LARICINA

6458

25 MAY 1910

*LAXIFLORA

61177

19 MAR 1941

VEXANS

DELAVAY,R.P.

4829

15 JUL 1889

PTEROLEPTA

DEWEY,C.

---

---

COLLECTA

---

---

MIRABILIS

---

-- --- 1822

NOVAE-ANGLIAE

---

---

SCHWEINITZII

---

20 JUN ----

TENERA

---

---

TRISPERMA

---

---

*UMBELLATA

10

18 JUN 1860

VALLICOLA

DOS,L.

---

---

NIGRO-MARGINATA

DRUMMOND,T.

437

---

AMPHIBOLA

431

-- --- 1832

AUROLENSIS

432

-- --- 1832

CRUS-CORVI

---

---

FRANKLINII

256

---

HEPBURNII

420

-- --- 1832

MACROKOLEA

---

---

PETASATA

---

---

PETRICOSA

---

---

PICTA

424

-- --- 1832

PTYCHOCARPA

---

---

RETROFLEXA

---

---

TRIANGULARIS

DUMAN,M.

1506

08 AUG 1938

DUTILLYI

DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E.

41,305A

12 AUG 1963

X NEOBIGELOWII

39329

19 AUG 1961

X PATUENSIS

41,305

12 AUG 1963

X QUEBECENSIS

39274

16 AUG 1961

*VIRIDULA

DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M.

32793

29 AUG 1954

X EXSALINA

32975

03 SEP 1954

X NEOPALEACEA

32357

14 AUG 1954

*X SAXENII

EASTWOOD,A.

725A

16 JUL 1914

LEIOPHYLLA

EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T.

1101

23 JUN 1933

CURATORIUM

2271

07 MAY 1936

OBISPOENSIS

EGGERT,H.

---

08 AUG 1893

EGGERTII

EGGLESTON,W.W.

6181

22 AUG 1910

EGGLESTONII

6584

18 APR-25 MAY 1911

GEOPHILA

13567

19-20 AUG 1916

MISERABILIS

6605

18 APR-25 MAY 1911

PITYOPHILA

3329

30 JUL-01 AUG 1916

VIRIDIOR

EKMAN,E.L.

14506

21 JUL 1922

CUBENSIS

---

08 AUG 1925

*CUBENSIS

H1453

12 AUG 1924

EKMANII

H10662

14 SEP 1928

*EKMANII

ELMER,A.D.E.

3132

-- JUN 1901

DUDLEYI

8444

-- MAR 1907

ELMERI

881

-- JUN 1897

*LENTICULARIS

2700

-- JUN 1900

OLYMPICA

13146

-- MAY 1911

PALAWANENSIS

6983

-- NOV 1904

RHYNCHACHAENIUM

ENGELMANN.G.

---

-- --- 1874

ENGELMANNI

FARGES,R.P.

---

---

FARGESII

FAURIE,U.

919

28 JUN 1901

MICRANTHA

FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.

---

23 JUN 1888

AENEA

---

06 JUL 1878

CRAWFORDII

---

27 MAY 1896

ORMOSTACHYA

FENDLER,A.

878

-- --- 1847

FENDLERIANA

FERNALD,M.L.

264

04 JUL 1894

*CRINITA

---

28 JUN 1904

*GLAREOSA

---

06 JUL 1904

*INTERIOR

146

06 JUL 1893

*LAXIFLORA

---

03 JUL 1897

MERRITT-FERNALDII

---

05 JUN 1896

*MIRABILIS

---

30 JUN 1891

ORONENSIS

1464

08 JUL 1909

*SCOPARIA

FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H.

20311

16 AUG 1920

*CUMULATA

FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.

12012

08 JUN 1940

*ABSCONDITA

12969

13 JUN 1941

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

8143

08 JUN 1938

*CRINITA

12016

13 JUN 1940

*DEBILIS

11791

08 MAY 1940

*DIGITALIS

FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.

7767

08 APR 1938

*DIGITALIS

11787

07 MAY 1940

RUGATA

20296

14 JUL 1920

*SCOPARIA

1455

27 AUG 1929

X XANTHINA

FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.

2897

16 AUG 1910

*HORNSCHUCHIANA

2897

16 AUG 1910

*HOSTIANA

4918

12-13 JUL 1911

*PALLESCENS

4258

16 AUG 1910

X PSEUDO-FULVA

4796

28 AUG 1911

*SCOPARIA

2776

21 JUL 1910

WIEGANDII

FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M.

1374

20 JUL 1929

LANGEANA

1449

19 AUG 1929

X NEOFILIPENDULA

1474

31 JUL 1929

*VESICARIA

FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F.

5677

22 JUN 1936

BAYARDI

5677

22-23 JUN 1936

*CRUS-CORVI

FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L.

2411

05 JUL 1931

CLIVICOLA

FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B.

27673

20 JUL 1925

*LIVIDA

FERNALD.M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N.

27657

31 JUL 1925

TERRAE-NOVAE

FORD,C.

---

-- --- 1883?

SCAPOSA

FOWLER,J.

---

-- --- 1872

*ADUSTA

---

-- --- 1871

*FOENEA

---

---

*MILIARIS

---

-- --- 1872

PROJECTA

---

-- JUL 1870

*STRAMINEA

FRANK,J.C.

55

-- --- 1835

FLACCIDULA

---

-- --- 1835

STEUDELII

FRETZ,C.D.

---

-- --- 1884

*GRISEA

FUNSTON,F.

139

30 JUL 1893

PHYSOCHLAENA

GARBER,A.P.

---

09 JUN 1869

*AUREA

09 JUN 1869

GARBERI

GEYER,C.A.

332

GEYERI

GRANT,G.B.

---

01 MAY 1902

FLACCIFOLIA

GRIFFITH,W.

78(KEW 6074)

---

GRIFFITHII

96(KEW 6094)

SANGUINEA

HAENKE,T.

---

---

ANTHOXANTHERA

---

---

PRESLII

HALE,D.

97

---

IGNOTA

HALL,E.

580

-- --- 1871

*DEWEYANA

606

-- --- 1871

HALLIANA

583

01 AUG 1871

*LEPORINA

605

-- --- 1871

OREGONENSIS

583

01 AUG 1871

PHAEOCEPHALA

---

-- --- 1871

VICARIA

---

-- --- 1872

*WILLDENOVII

HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P.

591

-- --- 1862

*BONPLANDII

617

-- --- 1862

HALLII

591

-- --- 1862

ILLOTA

587

-- --- 1862

VIOLACEA

HALL,H.M.

2483

-- JUL-AUG 1901

JACINTOENSIS

9781

25 JUL 1914

TENERAEFORMIS

HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D.

5472

-- JUL 1904

LANCIFRUCTUS

HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A.

4716

01-02 AUG 1903

LEPORINELLA

HARPER,R.M.

2109

09 APR 1904

HARPERI

2159

26 APR 1904

SMALLIANA

HARTMAN,C.V.

620

12 APR 1891

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

HASSE,H.E.

---

-- JUL 1894

HASSEI

---

01 MAY 1886

*ROSEA

HAY,G.U.

84

24 JUL 1900

*CANESCENS

HAYDEN,F.V.

---

-- --- 1853

*ARISTATA

580

-- -

*DOUGLASII

21

-- --- 1853-1854

HAYDENII

---

---

LAEVI-CONICA

---

---

MEEKII

---

---

NEBRASKENSIS

---

20 JUN 1860

RAYNOLDSII

HELLER,A.A.

10820

07 JUN 1913

ABRUPT A

9429

11 AUG 1908

FISSURICOLA

9975

23 JUL 1910

HELLERI

9841

16 JUL 1909

INTEGRA

5797

01 JUL 1902

LACUNARUM

HELLER,A.A.

10052

20 MAY 1910

LEPTOPODA

7187

17 AUG 1903

*LUZULAEFOLIA

9067

21 JUL 1908

MICROPTERA

7187

17 AUG 1903

PSEUDOJAPONCA

HENDERSON,L.F.

13

-- --- 1883

ACUTINELLA

5583

25 JUL 1925

EASTWOODIANA

---

-- JUL 1884

INOPS

1482

31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887

PANSA

HENRY,A.

7860

-- --- 1885-1888

ICHANGENSIS

5467

---

LANCIFOLIA

4266

---

*LONGICRURIS

10839

---

PRAINII

HENRY,J.K.

9152

04 JUN 1915

ARCTAEFORMIS

HERMANN,F.J.

13498

28 AUG 1956

ATHABASCENSIS:

17059

15 AUG 1961

*BIPARTITA

6147

05 JUL 1934

X DEAMII

13529

28 AUG 1956

EURYSTACHYA

13347

15 AUG 1956

INCONDITA

7985

13 JUL 1936

*INTERIOR

12252

21 AUG 1955

LIMNOPHILA

5983

15 AUG 1933

PELOCARPA

18120

21 AUG 1962

PLECTOCARPA

13453

26 AUG 1956

*PRATICOLA

6408

14 AUG 1934

*VULPINOIOEA

HOHENACKER,R.F.

943

-- --- 1851

MERCARENSIS

HOLLISTER,N.

14

05 AUG 1911

ATROSQUAMA

HOSAKA,E.Y.

594

04 JUL 1932

*PLUVICA

HOUGHTON,D.

---

13 JUL 1832

HOUGHTONIANA

HOWE,E.C.

---

30 MAY 1887

ROSAEOIDES

HOWELL,J.T.

14546

11 AUG 1938

DANAENS IS

24609

23 JUN 1948

SPECUICOLA

14519

11 AUG 1938

SUBNIGRICANS

35333

06 JUN 1960

TOMPKINSI

HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W.

13042

06 JUN 1937

SONOMENSIS

HOWELL,T.J.

---

-- MAY 1880

ACCEDENS

935

09 MAY 1885

ACUTINA

2994

-- MAY 1886

BREVICAULIS

HOWELL,T.J.

937

27 MAY 1885

*MARCIDA

---

-- MAY 1880

SPRETA

---

-- MAY 1880

*STYLOSA

INGALLS,T.

---

---

TURGESCENS

JAMES,EDWIN

---

---

JAMESII

JEPSON,W.L.

4477

20 JUL 1911

JEPSONII

4476

20 JUL 1911

MARIPOSANA

JOHNSON,W.M.

594

14 AUG 1967

*MICROPTERA

JOHNSTON,I.M.

1505

31 JUL 1917

STENOPTERA

JONES,M.E.

---

12 JUL 1899

ABORIGINUM

834

28 AUG 1878

CRANDALLII

---

08 JUL 1909

ELRODI

5345

01 JUN 1874

EPAPILLOSA

---

22 JUL 1881

JONESII

KELLOGG,A.

---

03 AUG ----

HETERONEURA

---

---

KELLOGGII

---

10 JUL 1870

NERVINA

---

---

SUBFUSCA

KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W.

1073

-- --- 1868-1869

*FESTIVA

1073

-- --- 1868-1869

HARFORDII

1069

-- --- 1868-1869

*HOODII

1069

-- --- 1868-1869

*HOODII

KELSO,L.

4967

01 AUG 1945

ELBERTANA

6362

24 JUL 1948

ERXLEBENIANA

6058

03 JUL 1947

UNCOMPAHGRE

KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H.

525

08 AUG 1936

HAGIANA

KENNEDY,G.G.

---

11 JUN 1899

*VESTITA

KINASH, N.

---

-- JUL 1909

CUNEATA

KOYAMA,T.

---

23 NOV 1958

TAMAKII

LEAVENWORTH,M.C.

---

-- --- 1846

FLACCOSPERMA

---

-- --- 1845

LEAVENWORTHII

LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D.

683

---

HALEI

LECHLER,W.

1136

-- OCT 1852

INCISO-DENTATA

LEIBERG,J.B.

335

26 JUN 1894

PHAEOLEPIS

125

10 JUL 1895

PRIONPHYLLA

2558

10 JUL 1896

VAGANS

LEMMON,J.G.

---

-- --- 1875

LEMMONI

2

21 JUN 1882

ULTRA

LEPAGE,E.

32078

30 JUL 1954

X DUMANII

33131

27 JUL 1955

X NUBENS

LIPSKY, V.I.

2732

19 JUL 1899

PHILOCRENA

LITVINOV,D.I.

153

-- --- 1897

*STENOPHYLLA

LONG,B.

F23212

15 JUN 1920

CAESARIENSIS

LYALL,DAVID

---

-- --- 1861

*ACUTA

MACBRIDF.,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B.

3778

13 AUG 1916

PROPOSITA

MACDANIELS,L.H.

1542

15 MAY 1927

TAHITENSIS

MACKENZIE,K.K.

2676

23 JUN 1907

AESTIVALIFORMIS

2088

10 JUN 1906

CONVOLUTA

4645

26 JUN 1910

CRYPTOLEPIS

---

30 MAY 1897

MOLESTA

167

-- AUG 1901

PERGLOBOSA

9871

-- MAY 1911

RUGOSPERMA

MACOUN,J.M.

33728

12 JUL 1901

*SCIRPOIDEA

MACOUN,JOHN

13401

26 JUL 1887

ABLATA

52

14 JUN 1879

ASSINIBOINENSIS

6

01 AUG 1882

*CRAWFORDII

1665

12 AUG 1872

ELEOCHARIS

---

31 JUL 1891

INCURVIFORMIS

53877

14 AUG 1902

MICROCHAETA

22

04 JUL 1899

*MIRABILIS

---

31 MAY 1887

PIPERI

---

31 MAY 1887

*PRATENSIS

26624

24 JUN 1901

*STRAMINEA

---

04 JUL 1879

XERANTICA

MAGUIRE,B.

16098

05 AUG 1938

INTERIMUS

MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.

21947

16 JUL 1943

*CAMPYLOCARPA

MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.

14668

16 AUG 1936

RACHILLIS

MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.

14013

16 JUL 1936

*VERNACULA

MANDON,G.

1429

---

MANDONIANA

MAR IE-VICTOR IN,(FRERE)

4021

-- JUN 1917

*PAUPERCULA

MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FREE )

25767

20 JUL 1926

*INFLATA

MCCALLA,W.C.

2348

28 JUL 1899

SCIRPIFORMIS

MEAD,S.B.

---

---

ILLINOENSIS

---

---

MEADII

---

---

*RICHARDSONII

MERRILL,E.D.

10985

12 AUG 1917

BAMBUSETORUM

6505

-- MAY 1909

*BRUNNEA

6623

-- MAY 1909

MERRILLII

543

--APR 1910

PYCNOTHYSOS

4730

-- OCT-NOV 1905

SUBTRANSVERSA

MERTENS,C.H.

---

---

LEIOCARPA

MOHR,C.

---

26 APR 1897

*STIPATA

MOORE, J.A. AND STEYERMARK, J.A.

3625

25 JUL 1931

MURICULATA

MULLER,C.H.

3520

27 SEP 1939

PERCOSTATA

MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T.

892

28 JUN 1934

MACKENZIANA

MUTIS,J.C.

KILLIP NO.5715

-- --- 1760-1808

*PIRCHINCHENSIS

NELSON,A.

7124

11 JUN 1900

BREVISQUAMA

3275

02 JUL 1897

FESTIVELLA

7316

29 JUN 1900

SIMULATA

NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F.

1533

01 AUG 1911

APODA

NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E.

5264

30 AUG 1898

NELSONII

NUTTALL,T.

17

---

NUTTALLII

OHWI,J.

4182

-- JUL 1933

APODOSTACHYA

329

-- MAR 1933

HATUSIMANA

813

11 AUG 1931

KURILENSIS

29

04 MAY 1931

RUGATA

OLNEY,S.T.

---

01 JUL 1867

HORMATHODES

PAINE,J,A.

---

---

*VAGINATA

PALMER,E.

546

-- JUN 1890

*NUDATA

PARISH,S.B.

2485

03 JUL 1892

AUSTROMONTANA

3609

-- JUN 1895

MULTICOSTATA

4144

04-13 APR 1896

VITREA

PARRY,C.C.

---

-- --- 1850

BARBARAE

PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G.

396

-- --- 1876

ALMA

PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B.

2224

06 AUG 1920

PAYSONIS

PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B.

20519

09 JUL 1920

*LASIOCARPA

PECK,C.H.

---

-- JUN 1894

*ROSEA

5

-- JUN 1893

*ROSEA

---

-- JUN 1894

*STIPATA

---

-- JUN 1892

*TORTA

PECK,M.E.

13

13 AUG 1917

PRAECEPTORIUM

PETELOT,P.A.

5325

-- JUL 1930

TRICHOPHYLLA

PETRIE,D.

---

---

KALOIDES

---

-- JAN 1880

LONGICULMIS

PITTIER,H. AND TOPNDUZ,A.

3376

19 JAN 1891

DURANDII

3381

19 JAN 1891

*LEMANNIANA

PORSILD,A.E.

173

26 AUG 1937

MORRISSEYI

PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T.

5120

02 AUG 1928

*ATROFUSCA

711

23 JUN-05 JUL 1926

KOKRINENSIS

713

23 JUN-05 JUL 1926

MELOZITNENSIS

PORTER,T.C.

---

---

*DEBILIS

---

26-29 JUN 1871

HALLII

---

28 AUG 1871

PORTERI

PREISS,L.

1825

---

PREISSII

1861

-- JUL 1839

PREISSII

PRINGLE,C.G.

4275

03 OCT 1892

AUTUMNALIS

4839

19 AUG 1894

AZTECICA

10039

26 AUG 1905

CILIARIS

4838

25 AUG 1894

FELIPENSIS

PRINGLE,C.G.

---

23 AUG 1881

FRACTA

4839

19 AUG 1894

FUSCOTINCTA

3126

08 JUL 1890

INVOLUCRATELLA

4840

27 AUG 1894

MACROSPERMA

4842

29 AUG 1894

OAXACANA

8863

02 JUN 1904

PERLONGA

2630

05 JUN 1889

PERSTRICTA

4685

08 JUN 1894

* PINETORUM

3801

04 AUG 1891

PRINGLEI

---

19 AUG 1881

*SCIRPOIDEA

7452

24 JUN 1897

SEATONIANA

PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R.

2951

15 MAY 1938

AMPLISQUAMA

RAMOS,M.

BUR. SCI. 1434

-- AUG 1906

RAMOSII

RAUP,H.M. AND SOPER,J.H.

9534

18 JUL 1939

SOPERI

RAY,J.D.; WOOD,C.E.; SMITH,A.C. AND EATON,R.J.

10750

26 APR 1961

*FISSA

RICH,W.P.

---

05 JUN 1894

*TENERA

RICH,WILLIAM

WILKES EXPED. 1241

-- --- 1838-1842

LACINIATA

RICHARDSON,J.

---

---

ARCTICA

417

---

BACKANA

---

---

BACKII

---

---

DURIFOLIA

---

---

FESTIVA

---

---

HOOKERANA

---

---

PARRYANA

---

---

PODOCARPA

---

---

RICHARDSONII

ROACH,A.W.

202

10 JUN 1949

DIVERSISTYLIS

ROCK,J.F.

9017

-- OCT 1909

KAUAIENSIS

ROSE,J.N.

2357

16 AUG 1897

MADRENSIS

ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S.

9019

-- --- 1905

STELLATA

ROUSSEAU,J.

24989

27 JUL 1926

*OEDERI

RUSBY,H.H.

859

-- --- 1883

RUSBYI

RUTH,A.

360

12 APR 1913

BULBOSTYLIS

458

24 APR 1914

ONUSTA

---

-- JUL 1900

RUTHII

RYDBERG,P.A.

2339

07 AUG 1895

IDAHOA

SANDBERG,J.H.

933

20 AUG 1892

*HINDSII

SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B.

194

09 JUN 1893

*NEBRASKENSIS

773

18 AUG 1893

NEUROPHORA

SARTWELL,H.P.

---

---

ALOPECOIDEA

56

---

AQUATILIS

56

---

*AQUATILIS

---

---

*CEPHALOPHORA

108

-- --- 1848

COMMUNIS

78

---

*CRINITA

---

---

FORMOSA

36

---

INTERIOR

12

---

SARTWELLII

72

---

SCABRIOR

35

---

*STERILIS

138

---

*TENTACULATA

SAVATIER,L.

1414

-- --- 1866-1874

MACROGLOSSA

1404

-- --- 1866-1874

*NUTANS

2059

-- --- 1866-1874

PLANATA

1413

-- --- 1866-1874

PODOGYNA

SCHAFFNER.J.G.

221

-- --- 1877

FUSCOLUTEA

546

-- --- 1877

POTOSINA

546

-- --- 1877

SCHAFFNERI

SCHNEIDER,C.

2738

06 AUG 1914

SCHNEIDERI

SCHNEIDER,R.A.

954

25 JUL 1938

*EGGLESTONII

SCHWEINITZ,L.D.

---

---

COSTATA

---

---

GRACILLIMA

SCOTT,(MISS)

---

-- --- 1880

PRAEGRACILIS

SCOULER,J.

---

---

APERTA

---

---

COLUMBIANA

296

---

SCOULERI

SEKIMOTO,H.

---

15 JUL 1932

HYMENODON

SHARP,A.J.

45450

29 APR 1945

ATRACTODES

45144

07 FEB 1945

QUICHENSIS

SHELDON,E.P.

8854

09 SEP 1897

SHELDONII

SMITH,C.P.

1055

24 JUL 1905

MONTEREYENSIS

SMITH,J.D. AND TURCKHEIM,H.

659

-- JUN 1885

DONNELL-SMITHII

SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H.

4872

06 APR 1949

*WILLDENOWII

ST.JOHN,H.

18330

18 AUG 1937

VITIENSIS

ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L.

10801

16-17 JUL 1914

MISANDROIDES

STEELE,E.S.

---

-- --- 1896

ANGUSTIOR

---

23 MAY 1898

MEDITERRANIA

---

-- --- 1900

MESOCHOREA

STEYERMARK,J.A.

53105

15 JUN 1943

AZUAYAE

48347

07 JUL 1942

CUCHUMATANENSIS

62605

06 MAY 1945

CULMENICOLA

49055

18 JUL 1942

HUEHUETECA

55470

11 FEB 1944

LARENSIS

58870

28 SEP 1944

RORAIMENSIS

48542

14 JUL 1942

STEYERMARKII

57367

15 JUL 1944

TACHIRENSIS

57401

15 JUL 1944

TAMANA

50150

06 AUG 1942

TOJQUIANENSIS

53095

15 JUN 1943

TOREADORA

48334

07 JUL 1942

TUNIMANENSIS

62705

10 MAY 1945

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

48554

14 JUL 1942

VENOSIVAGINATA

SUKSDORF,W.N.

12347

---

*APERTA

12348

15 SEP-23 OCT 1927

*APERTA

12359

23 OCT 1927

*APERTA

6864

16 AUG 1909

CTJNSTANCEANA

5181

15 JUL 1905

EGREGIA

1284

26 JUN 1886

EURYCARPA

11551

21 AUG 1924

*EURYCARPA

12333

22 AUG-05 SEP 1927

*INTERRUPTA

10249

22 JUN 1919

*NEBRASKENSIS

816

02 JUN 1885

OXYCARPA

1296

13 AUG 1897

PADDOENSIS

1315

-- JUL 1883

SUBORBICULATA

7383

27 AUG 1912

SUKSDORFII

5259

21 AUG-20 SEP 1905

*SUKSDORFII

SULLIVANT,W.S.

---

---

*ALATA

---

---

CONJUNCTA

SVENSON,H.K.

10469

12 JUL 1939

*OXYLEPIS

TAAM,Y.W.

502

1-16 APR 1938

SURCULOSA

TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K.

3202

20 NOV 1926

OBLANCEOLATA

THURBER,G.

652

---

*GAYANA

---

-- JUN 1850

THURBERI

TORREY,J.

---

03 AUG 1839

HETEROSTACHYA

TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,C.M.

157

21 JUL 1899

TOWNSENDII

TRACY,J.P.

4547

04 JUL 1914

TRACYI

3783

21 JUL 1912

UNILATERALIS

TRACY,S.M.

17

23 MAY 1888

*STRAMINEA

TSAI,H.T.

62809

-- --- 1934

ZIZANIAEFOLIA

TSUI,T.M.

74

-- MAR-APR 1932

*RUBRO-BRUNNEA

TUCKERMAN,E.

---

---

ARGYRANTHA

---

-- JUN 1864

GLAUCODEA

---

---

*SCOPARIA

----

----

*SCOPARIA

UNDERWOOD,L.M.

158

29 JAN 1903

UNDERWOODII

VAHL,J.

---

---

PRATENSIS

VASEY,G.

---

---

*HIRSUTA

VENTURI,S.

6491

15 FEB 1927

*PHALAROIDES

8650

-- --- 1929

SALTAENSIS

VREELAND,F.K.

1121

19 AUG 1901

HOLMIANA

WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W.

5066

05 JUL 1906

*TRISPERMA

WATERFALL,U.T.

11380

19 APR 1953

LATEBRACTEATA

WATSON,S.

1231A

-- AUG 1869

*CANESCENS

1246

-- MAY 1868

WATSONI

WERDERMANN,E.

1687

-- MAR 1925

WERDERMANNII

WHEELER,C.F.

---

28 JUN 1890

*TENUIFLORA

WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C.

1915

15 JUN 1914

*AMPHIBOLA

WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED.

---

-- --- 1838-1842

HEBETATA

---

-- --- 1838-1842

*MICROGLOCHIN

---

-- --- 1838-1842

OLIGANTHA

---

-- --- 1838-1842

WILKESII

WILLIAMS,E.F.

---

-- AUG 1900

*VESICARIA

WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L.

---

16 JUL 1900

KATAHDINENSIS

WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.

---

12-15 JUL 1905

*DEWEYANA

110

19 JUL 1902

X TRICHINA

WILLIAMS,L.O.

13178

06 JUL 1947

STANDLEYANA

WILLIAMS,R.S.

---

18 JUN 1899

BONANZENSIS

---

07 JUN 1893

CONCINNOIDES

---

11 AUG 1894

STANTONENSIS

---

12 JUN 1899

WILLIAMSII

---

18 JUN 1899

YUKONENSIS

WILLIAMS,T.A.

2951

19 AUG 1897

PLATYLEPIS

WOOD,W.A.

---

---

RETROCURVA

WOOTON,E.O.

---

28 JUL 1900

AGROSTOIDES

WRIGHT,C.

---

-- JUN 1855

CONFERTIFLORA

---

---

MICANS

---

-- --- 1853-1856

NANA

---

-- --- 1853-1856

PAPULOSA

---

---

PARCIFLORA

---

---

PICTA

1561

-- --- 1850

WRIGHTII

WRIGHT,S.H.

---

---

*STRICTA

---

---

GEOGRAPHIC INDEX

COUNTRY

STATE

TAXON

AFGHANISTAN

GRIFFITHII

SANGUINEA

ARGENTINA

JUJUY

*PHALAROIDES

SALTA

SALTAENSIS

TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TER

BANKSII

AUSTRALIA

PREISSII

WESTERN AUSTRALIA

PREISSII

BOLIVIA

*CLADOSTACHYA

*JAMESONI

MANDONIANA

BRAZIL

RIO DE JANEIRO

*PURPUREOVAGINATA

BRITISH HONDURAS

CAYO

BARTLETTII

CANADA

PARRYANA

PODOCARPA

RICHARDSONII

ALBERTA

ATHABASCENSIS

ALBERTA

ATROSQUAMA

ALBERTA

EURYSTACHYA

ALBERTA

INCONDITA

ALBERTA

INCURVIFORMIS

ALBERTA

*PRATICOLA

ALBERTA

SCIRPIFORMIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA

ABLATA

BRITISH COLUMBIA

ARCTAEFORMIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA

PIPERI

BRITISH COLUMBIA

*PRATENSIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA

*SCIRPOIDEA

MANITOBA

ASSINIBOINENSIS

MANITOBA

DUTILLYI

MANITOBA

*LONGIROSTRIS

NEW BRUNSWICK

*ADUSTA

NEW BRUNSWICK

*CANESCENS

NEW BRUNSWICK

*FOENEA

NEW BRUNSWICK

*MILIARIS

NEW BRUNSWICK

*MIRABILIS

NEW BRUNSWICK

PROJECTA

NEW BRUNSWICK

*STRAMINEA

NEWFOUNDLAND

*HORNSCHUCHIANA

NEWFOUNDLAND

*HOSTIANA

NEWFOUNDLAND

LANGEANA

NEWFOUNDLAND

*LIVIDA

NEWFOUNDLAND

MISANDROIDES

NEWFOUNDLAND

MORRISSEYI

NEWFOUNDLAND

X NEOFILIPENDULA

NEWFOUNDLAND

*PALLESCENS

NEWFOUNDLAND

X PSEUDO-FULVA

NEWFOUNDLAND

*SCOPARIA

NEWFOUNDLAND

TERRAE-NOVAE

NEWFOUNDLAND

*VESICARIA

CANADA

NEWFOUNDLAND

WIEGANDII

NEWFOUNDLAND

X XANTHINA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES

*ATROFUSCA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES

SOPERI

NOVA SCOTIA

*CUMULATA

NOVA SCOTIA

*LASIOCARPA

NOVA SCOTIA

*SCOPARIA

ONTARIO

*STRAMINEA

QUEBEC

CLIVICOLA

QUEBEC

*CRAWFORDII

QUEBEC

*DEWEYANA

QUEBEC

X DUMANII

QUEBEC

X EXSALINA

QUEBEC

*FLAVA

QUEBEC

*GARBERI

QUEBEC

*GLAREOSA

QUEBEC

*INFLATA

QUEBEC

X NEOBIGELOWII

QUEBEC

X NEOPALEACEA

QUEBEC

X NUBENS

QUEBEC

*DEDERI

QUEBEC

X PATUENSIS

QUEBEC

*PAUPERCULA

QUEBEC

X QUEBECENSIS

QUEBEC

*X SAXENII

QUEBEC

*VIRIDULA

SASKATCHEWAN

ARCTICA

SASKATCHEWAN

BACKANA

SASKATCHEWAN

BACKII

SASKATCHEWAN

DURIFOLIA

SASKATCHEWAN

ELEOCHARIS

SASKATCHEWAN

HOOKERANA

SASKATCHEWAN

XERANTICA

YUKON TERRITORY

BONANZENSIS

YUKON TERRITORY

LEIOPHYLLA

YUKON TERRITORY

MICROCHAETA

YUKON TERRITORY

WILLIAMSII

YUKON TERRITORY

YUKONENSIS

CHILE

INCISO-DENTATA

LLANQUIHUE

WERDERMANNII

MAGALLANES

*MICROGLOCHIN

MAGALLANES

OLIGANTHA

CHINA

HUPEH

ICHANGENSIS

HUPEH

LANCIFOLIA

HUPEH

*LONGICRURIS

HUPEH AND HONAN

CHIKUNGANA

KIANGSI

KULINGANA

KWANGTUNG

BAMBUSETORUM

KWANGTUNG

OBLANCEOLATA

CHINA

KWANGTUNG

*RUBRO-BRUNNEA

KWANGTUNG

SCAPOSA

KWANGTUNG

SURCULOSA

KWANGTUNG

TSOI

SZECHWAN

FARGESII

YUNNAN

PRAINII

YUNNAN

PTEROLEPTA

YUNNAN

SCHNEIDERI

YUNNAN

ZIZANIAEFOLIA

COLOMBIA

*PIRCHINCHENSIS

COSTA RICA

DURANDII
*LEMANNIANA

CUBA

ORIENTE

CUBENSIS

ECUADOR

AZUAY

AZUAYAE

AZUAY

TOREADORA

FIJI

VITIENSIS

FRENCH POLYNESIA

TAHITENSIS

GREENLAND

PRATENSIS

GUATEMALA

ALTA VERAPAZ

DONNELL-SMITHII

HUEHUETENANGO

CUCHUMATANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO

GUATEMALENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO

HUEHUETECA

HUEHUETENANGO

STEYERMARKII

HUEHUETENANGO

TOJQUIANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO

TUNIMANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO

VENOSIVAGINATA

JALAPA

STANDLEYANA

QUICHE

QUICHENSIS

HAITI

*CUBENSIS
*EKMANII

OUEST

EKMANII

INDIA

MERCARENSIS

INDONESIA

WEST NEW GUINEA

ACROPHILA

WEST NEW GUINEA

EREMOSTACHYA

WEST NEW GUINEA

MELANOPHORA

WEST NEW GUINEA

PERILEIA

JAMAICA

UNDERWOODII

JAPAN

HYMENODON MICANS RUGATA

AOMORI (PREFECTURE)

CUNEATA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)

CONFERTIFLORA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)

NANA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)

PAPULOSA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)

PARCIFLORA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)

PICTA

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)

MACROGLOSSA

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)

*NUTANS

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)

PLANATA

JAPAN

TOKYO (PREFECTURE)

PODOGYNA

KOREA

MICRANTHA

MALAYSIA

SABAH (TERRITORY)

EXPLORATORUM

MEXICO

CHIAPAS

ATRACTODES

CHIAPAS

CHIAPENSIS

CHIHUAHUA

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

CHIHUAHUA

PERCOSTATA

CHIHUAHUA

TOWNSENDII

DURANGO

MADRENSIS

HIDALGO

CILIARIS

HIDALGO

PERLONGA

HIDALGO

SEATONIANA

HIDALGO

STELLATA

MEXICO

AUTUMNALIS

MICHOACAN

ARSENII

NUEVO LEON

*EGGLESTONII

NUEVO LEON

MACKENZIANA

NUEVO LEON

PERSTRICTA

OAXACA

AZTECICA

OAXACA

FELIPENSIS

OAXACA

FUSCOTINCTA

OAXACA

MACROSPERMA

OAXACA

OAXACANA

OAXACA

*PINETORUM

PUEBLA

CONSPECTA

SAN LUIS POTOSI

FUSCOLUTEA

SAN LUIS POTOSI

INVOLUCRATELLA

SAN LUIS POTOSI

POTOSINA

SAN LUIS POTQSI

PRINGLEI

SAN LUIS POTOSI

SCHAFFNERI

SONORA

*GAYANA

SONORA

THURBERI

NEW ZEALAND

CANTERBURY (DISTRICT)

*COMANS

CANTERBURY (DISTRICT)

PETRIEI

NELSON (DISTRICT)

DEVIA

OTAGO (DISTRICT)

KALOIDES

OTAGO (DISTRICT)

LONGICULMIS

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA

NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA

SARAWAKETENSIS

PAPUA (TERRITORY)

BREVIS

PAPUA (TERRITORY)

LAMPROCHLAMYS

PERU

LIMA

HEBETATA

PHILIPPINES

BATAAN

RHYNCHACHAENIUM

BENGUET

*BRUNNEA

BENGUET

ELMERI

BENGUET

MERRILLII

BENGUET

SUBTRANSVERSA

NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

PYCNOTHYSOS

PALAWAN

PALAWANENSIS

RIZAL

RAMOSII

RYUKYU ISLANDS

OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)

TAMAKII

OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)

TETSUOI

SOUTH AFRICA

BURCHELLIANA

ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON

FULVESCENS

SWITZERLAND

VALAIS (CANTON)

*FLAVA

TAIWAN

APODOSTACHYA

FUKIEN

HATUSIMANA

USA

*CANESCENS

COLUMBIANA

FRANKLINII

GEYERI

JAMESII

NUTTALLII

PETASATA

PETRICOSA

*UMBELLATA

ALABAMA

*STIPATA

ALASKA

ANTHOXANTHERA

ALASKA

CIRCINNATA

ALASKA

JACOBI-PETERI

ALASKA

KOKRINENSIS

ALASKA

LEIOCARPA

ALASKA

MELOZITNENSIS

ALASKA

NIGRICANS

ALASKA

PACHYSTACHYA

ALASKA

PHYSOCHLAENA

ALASKA

PRESLII

ARIZONA

CURATORIUM

ARIZONA

*NUDATA

ARIZONA

RUSBYI

ARIZONA

SPECUICOLA

ARIZONA

ULTRA

ARKANSAS

BUSHII

ARKANSAS

*ROSEA

BRITISH COLUMBIA

SCOULERI

CALIFORNIA

ABRAMSII

CALIFORNIA

ABRUPTA

CALIFORNIA

AEQUA

CALIFORNIA

ALBIDA

CALIFORNIA

ALMA

CALIFORNIA

ATHROSTACHYA

CALIFORNIA

ATHROSTACHYA

CALIFORNIA

AUSTROMONTANA

CALIFORNIA

BARBARAE

CALIFORNIA

BRAINERDII

CALIFORNIA

BREWERI

CALIFORNIA

*BRONGNIARTII

CALIFORNIA

CALIFORNICA

CALIFORNIA

CINNAMOMEA

USA

CALIFORNIA

DANAENSIS

CALIFORNIA

DAVYI

CALIFORNIA

DEBILIFORMIS

CALIFORNIA

CUOLEYI

CALIFORNIA

*ECHINATA

CALIFORNIA

*FESTIVA

CALIFORNIA

FETA

CALIFORNIA

*FILIFOLIA

CALIFORNIA

FLACCIFOLIA

CALIFORNIA

FRACTA

CALIFORNIA

GRACILIOR

CALIFORNIA

GYNODYNAMA

CALIFORNIA

HARFORDII

CALIFORNIA

HASSEI

CALIFORNIA

HAYDENIANA

CALIFORNIA

HETERONEURA

CALIFORNIA

*HOODII

CALIFORNIA

*HOODII

CALIFORNIA

INTEGRA

CALIFORNIA

JACINTOENSIS

CALIFORNIA

JEPSONII

CALIFORNIA

JONESII

CALIFORNIA

KELLOGGII

CALIFORNIA

LACINIATA

CALIFORNIA

LACUNARUM

CALIFORNIA

LANCIFRUCTUS

CALIFORNIA

LEMMONI

CALIFORNIA

LEPORINELLA

CALIFORNIA

*LUZULAEFOLIA

CALIFORNIA

LUZULINA

CALIFORNIA

MARIPOSANA

CALIFORNIA

MENDOCINENSIS

CALIFORNIA

MONTEREYENSIS

CALIFORNIA

MULTICOSTATA

CALIFORNIA

NERVINA

CALIFORNIA

NUDATA

CALIFORNIA

OBISPOENSIS

CALIFORNIA

PACHYCARPA

CALIFORNIA

PAUCICOSTATA

CALIFORNIA

PHYLLOMANICA

CALIFORNIA

PRAEGRACILIS

CALIFORNIA

PSEUDOJAPONICA

CALIFORNIA

QUADRIFIDA

CALIFORNIA

*QUAORIFIDA

CALIFORNIA

SALINAEFORMIS

CALIFORNIA

SARTWELLIANA

CALIFORNIA

*SCIRPOIDEA

CALIFORNIA

*SCOPARIA

CALIFORNIA

SONOMENSIS

USA

CALIFORNIA

SPECIFICA

CALIFORNIA

STENOPTERA

CALIFORNIA

SUB-BRACTEATA

CALIFORNIA

SUBFUSCA

CALIFORNIA

SUBNIGRICANS

CALIFORNIA

TENERAEFORMIS

CALIFORNIA

TOMPKINSI

CALIFORNIA

TRACYI

CALIFORNIA

TUMULICOLA

CALIFORNIA

UNILATERALIS

CALIFORNIA

VITREA

CALIFORNIA

WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA

WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA

WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA

WILKESII

COLORADO

ARAPAHOENSIS

COLORADO

*BIPARTITA

COLORADO

*BONPLANDII

COLORADO

CHALCIOLEPIS

COLORADO

CRANDALLII

COLORADO

EBENEA

COLORADO

EGGLESTONII

COLORADO

ELBERTANA

COLORADO

ELYNOIDES

COLORADO

ENGELMANNI

COLORADO

ERXLEBENIANA

COLORADO

*FESTIVA

COLORADO

HAGIANA

COLORADO

HALLII

COLORADO

HEPBURNII

COLORADO

ILLOTA

COLORADO

*MICROPTERA

COLORADO

NUBICOLA

COLORADO

PERGLOBOSA

COLORADO

SAXIMONTANA

COLORADO

UNCOMPAHGRE

COLORADO

VIOLACEA

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

ANGUSTIOR

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

MEDITERRANIA

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

MESOCHOREA

FLORIDA

BALTZELLII

FLORIDA

CHAPMANI

FLORIDA

CREBRIFLORA

FLORIDA

*DIGITALIS

FLORIDA

*FISSA

FLORIDA

FLACCOSPERMA

FLORIDA

MAGNIFOLIA

FLORIDA

MOHRIANA

FLORIDA

*STELLULATA

USA

FLORIDA

*STIPATA

FLORIDA

VEXANS

GEORGIA

AMPLISQUAMA

GEORGIA

HARPERI

GEORGIA

SMALLIANA

GEORGIA

*WILLDENOWII

HAWAII

KAUAIENSIS

HAWAII

*PLUVICA

HAWAII

*WAHUENSIS

IDAHO

ABORIGINUM

IDAHO

APODA

IDAHO

HALLII

IDAHO

*HINDSII

IDAHO

IDAHOA

IDAHO

OBOVOIDEA

IDAHO

PRIONPHYLLA

IDAHO

PROPOSITA

IDAHO

RAYNOLDSII

ILLINOIS

*HIRSUTA

ILLINOIS

ILLINOENSIS

ILLINCIS

MEADII

ILLINOIS

*RICHARDSONII

ILLINOIS

SUBIMPRESSA

ILLINOIS

*TRIBULOIDES

INDIANA

*ARTITECTA

INDIANA

X DEAMII

INDIANA

LARICINA

INDIANA

*LAXIFLORA

KANSAS

MOLESTA

LOUISIANA

AMPHIBOLA

LOUISIANA

AUROLENSIS

LOUISIANA

CRUS-CORVI

LOUISIANA

HALEI

LOUISIANA

IGNOTA

LOUISIANA

LEAVENWORTHII

LOUISIANA

MACROKOLEA

LOUISIANA

PICTA

LOUISIANA

PTYCHOCARPA

LOUISIANA

TURGESCENS

MAINE

*CRINITA

MAINE

*INTERIOR

MAINE

KATAHDINENSIS

MAINE

*LAXIFLORA

MAINE

MERRITT-FERNALDII

MAINE

ORONENSIS

MAINE

*PAUPERCULA

MAINE

PORTERI

MAINE

*SCOPARIA

MAINE

X TRICHINA

USA

MAINE

*TRISPERMA

MAINE

*VESICARIA

MASSACHUSETTS

ARGYRANTHA

MASSACHUSETTS

COLLECTA

MASSACHUSETTS

GLAUCODEA

MASSACHUSETTS

HALSEYANA

MASSACHUSETTS

HITCHCOCKIANA

MASSACHUSETTS

INCOMPERTA

MASSACHUSETTS

MIRABILIS

MASSACHUSETTS

NOVAE-ANGLIAE

MASSACHUSETTS

SCHWEINITZII

MASSACHUSETTS

*SCOPARIA

MASSACHUSETTS

*SCOPARIA

MASSACHUSETTS

SICCATA

MASSACHUSETTS

TENERA

MASSACHUSETTS

*TENERA

MASSACHUSETTS

TRISPERMA

MASSACHUSETTS

*VESTITA

MICHIGAN

*ALOPECOIDEA

MICHIGAN

COOLEYI

MICHIGAN

HETEROSTACHYA

MICHIGAN

*INTERIOR

MICHIGAN

PRAIREA

MICHIGAN

*RETROCURVA

MICHIGAN

*TENUIFLORA

MICHIGAN

*VULPINOIDEA

MINNESOTA

HOUGHTONIANA

MISSISSIPPI

*STRAMINEA

MISSOURI

AGGLOMERATA

MISSOURI

AGGREGATA

MISSOURI

EGGERTII

MISSOURI

LUNELLIANA

MONTANA

CONCINNOIDES

MONTANA

ELRODI

MONTANA

HOLMIANA

MONTANA

MONTANENSIS

MONTANA

PLECTOCARPA

MONTANA

STANTONENSIS

NEBRASKA

*ARISTATA

NEBRASKA

*DQUGLASII

NEBRASKA

LAEVI-CONICA

NEBRASKA

MEEKII

NEBRASKA

NEBRASKENSIS

NEVADA

FISSURICOLA

NEVADA

HELLERI

NEVADA

*INTERIOR

NEVAOA

MICROPTERA

NEVADA

WATSONI

NEW HAMPSHIRE

AENEA

USA

NEW HAMPSHIRE

CRAWFORDII

NEW HAMPSHIRE

*MIRABILIS

NEW HAMPSHIRE

ORMOSTACHYA

NEW HAMPSHIRE

*SCOPARIA

NEW JERSEY

AESTIVALIFORMIS

NEW JERSEY

BARRATTII

NEW JERSEY

CAESARIENSIS

NEW JERSEY

CONVOLUTA

NEW JERSEY

CRISTATA

NEW JERSEY

CRYPTOLEPIS

NEW JERSEY

RUGOSPERMA

NEW MEXICO

AGROSTOIDES

NEW MEXICO

FENDLERIANA

NEW MEXICO

GEOPHILA

NEW MEXICO

NEOMEXICANA

NEW MEXICO

PITYOPHILA

NEW YORK

ABDITA

NEW YORK

ALOP-ECOIDEA

NEW YORK

*AMPHIBOLA

NEW YORK

AQUATILIS

NEW YORK

*AQUATILIS

NEW YORK

CAREYANA

NEW YORK

*CEPHALOPHORA

NEW YORK

COMMUNIS

NEW YORK

*CRINITA

NEW YORK

FORMOSA

NEW YORK

INTERIOR

NEW YORK

*OLIGOCARPA

NEW YORK

PLATYPHYLLA

NEW YORK

RETROCURVA

NEW YORK

ROSAEOIDES

NEW YORK

*ROSEA

NEW YORK

*ROSEA

NEW YORK

SARTWELLII

NEW YORK

SCABRIOR

NEW YORK

*STERILIS

NEW YORK

*STIPATA

NEW YORK

*STRICTA

NEW YORK

SYCHNOCEPHALA

NEW YORK

*TENTACULATA

NEW YORK

*TORTA

NEW YORK

*VAGINATA

NEW YORK

WOODII

NEW YORK

*XANTHOCARPA

NEW YORK

XEROCARPA

NORTH CAROLINA

AESTIVALIS

NORTH CAROLINA

ALATA

NORTH CAROLINA

BILTMOREANA

NORTH CAROLINA

BUCKLEYI

USA

NORTH CAROLINA

MISERA

NORTH CAROLINA

NIGRO-MARGINATA

NORTH CAROLINA

RUTHII

NORTH CAROLINA

*STIPATA

NORTH CAROLINA

STYLOFLEXA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES

FESTIVA

OHIO

*ALATA

OHIO

CONJUNCTA

OHIO

FLACCIDULA

OHIO

STEUDELII

OKLAHOMA

FISSA

OKLAHOMA

LATEBRACTEATA

OKLAHOMA

OKLAHOMENSIS

OREGON

ACCEDENS

OREGON

*ACUTA

OREGON

ACUTINA

OREGON

ACUTINELLA

OREGON

BRACHYPODA

OREGON

BREVICAULIS

OREGON

CAMPLYOCARPA

OREGON

CUSICKII

OREGON

*DEWEYANA

OREGON

DIVERSISTYLIS

OREGON

EASTWOODIANA

OREGON

GYMNOCLADA

OREGON

HALLIANA

OREGON

INOPS

OREGON

*LEPORINA

OREGON

LEPTOPODA

OREGON

*MARCIDA

OREGON

OREGONENSIS

OREGON

PACHYSTOMA

OREGON

PANSA

OREGON

PHAEOCEPHALA

OREGON

PHAEOLEPIS

OREGON

SHELDONII

OREGON

SPRETA

OREGON

*STYLOSA

OREGON

*TERETIUSCULA

OREGON

VAGANS

OREGON

VICARIA

PENNSYLVANIA

*ANGUSTIOR

PENNSYLVANIA

*AUREA

PENNSYLVANIA

COSTATA

PENNSYLVANIA

*DEBILIS

PENNSYLVANIA

GARBERI

PENNSYLVANIA

GRACILLIMA

PENNSYLVANIA

*GRISEA

RHODE ISLAND

HORMATHODES

USA

SOUTH CAROLINA

AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

SOUTH CAROLINA

CAROLINIANA

SOUTH DAKOTA

HAYOENII

TENNESSEE

*OXYLEPIS

TENNESSEE

PURPURIFERA

TENNESSEE

ROANENSIS

TEXAS

BULBOSTYLIS

TEXAS

MURICULATA

TEXAS

ONUSTA

TEXAS

RETROFLEXA

TEXAS

TRIANGULARIS

TEXAS

*WILLDENOVII

TEXAS

WRIGHTII

UTAH

*CAMPYLOCARPA

UTAH

*CANESCENS

UTAH

EPAPILLOSA

UTAH

INTERIMUS

UTAH

PELOCARPA

UTAH

RACHILLIS

UTAH

*VERNACULA

VERMONT

*INTUMESCENS

VIRGINIA

*ABSCONOITA

VIRGINIA

X ABSCONOITIFORMIS

VIRGINIA

BAYARDI

VIRGINIA

*CRINITA

VIRGINIA

*CRUS-CORVI

VIRGINIA

*DEBILIS

VIRGINIA

*DIGITALIS

VIRGINIA

*DIGITALIS

VIRGINIA

RUGATA

WASHINGTON

APERTA

WASHINGTON

*APERTA

WASHINGTON

*APERTA

WASHINGTON

*APERTA

WASHINGTON

CONSTANCEANA

WASHINGTON

EGREGIA

WASHINGTON

EURYCARPA

WASHINGTON

*EURYCARPA

WASHINGTON

*INTERRUPTA

WASHINGTON

*LENTICULARIS

WASHINGTON

MISERABILIS

WASHINGTON

*NEBRASKENSIS

WASHINGTON

*NEBRASKENSIS

WASHINGTON

NEUROPHORA

WASHINGTON

OLYMPICA

WASHINGTON

OXYCARPA

WASHINGTON

PADDOENSIS

WASHINGTON

PRAECEPTORIUM

WASHINGTON

SCABRIUSCULA

USA

WASHINGTON

SUBORBICULATA

WASHINGTON

SUKSDORFII

WASHINGTON

*SUKSDORFII

WASHINGTON

VIRIDIOR

WYOMING

ALBO-NIGRA

WYOMING

BREVISQUAMA

WYOMING

FESTIVELLA

WYOMING

LIMNOPHILA

WYOMING

NELSONII

WYOMING

PAYSONIS

WYOMING

PLATYLEPIS

WYOMING

SIMULATA

WYOMING

VALLICOLA

USSR

RUSSIAN SFSR

KURILENSIS

TADZHIKISTAN

PHILOCRENA

TURKE STAN

*STENOPHYLLA

VENEZUELA

BOLIVAR

RORAIMENSIS

LARA

LARENSIS

SUCRE

CULMENICOLA

SUCRE

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

TACHIRA

TACHIRENSIS

TACHIRA

TAMANA

VIET-NAM, NORTH

TONKIN

TRICHOPHYLLA

WESTERN SAMOA

SAVAIIENSIS

HERBARIUM INDEX

SHEET NO.

KIND OF TYPE

TAXON

A (ARNOLD ARBORETUM, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)

ISOTYPE

ACROPHILA

ISOTYPE

BREVIS

ISOTYPE

EREMOSTACHYA

ISOTYPE

LAMPROCHLAMYS

ISOTYPE

MELANOPHORA

ISOTYPE

MERCARENSIS

ISOTYPE

PERILEIA

ISOTYPE

RUBRO-BRUNNEA

VAR ELINEOLATA

ISOTYPE

SARAWAKETENSIS

HOLOTYPE

SURCULOSA

ISOTYPE

TAHITENSIS

HOLOTYPE

ZIZANIAEFOLIA

CAS (CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, SAN FRANCISCO)

242617

ISOTYPE

ABORIGINUM

497554

ISOTYPE

ALMA

553879

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

VAR SPARSI-SPICATA

242962

ISOTYPE

APERTA

VAR UMBROSA

242960

SYNTYPE

APERTA

VAR VIRIDANS

242961

SYNTYPE

APERTA

VAR VIRIDANS

554019

ISOTYPE

AQUATILIS

VAR SUBSTRICTA

102030

ISOTYPE

ARAPAHOENSIS

430881

ISOTYPE

BIPARTITA

VAR AUSTROMONTANA

383776

TYPE COLLECTION

CALIFORNICA

334353

ISOTYPE

CAMPYLOCARPA

SSP AFFINIS

553918

ISOTYPE

CHAPMANI

232050

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

445943

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

553874

TYPE FRAGMENT

CINNAMOMEA

553913

SYNTYPE

COMMUNIS

383550

SYNTYPE

CONJUNCTA

242987

HOLOTYPE

CONSTANCEANA

553883

TYPE COLLECTION

CRINITA

VAR MINOR

204973

SYNTYPE

CURATORIUM

204974

SYNTYPE

CURATORIUM

259875

HOLOTYPE

DANAENSIS

259874

ISOTYPE

DANAENSIS

336835

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR ASYMMETRICA

372834

ISOTYPE

DIVERSISTYLIS

351155

ISOTYPE

DURANDII

130386

HOLOTYPE

EASTWOODIANA

242957

SYNTYPE

EURYCARPA

246772

TYPE COLLECTION

EURYCARPA

VAR ATTENUATA

401490

ISOTYPE

EURYSTACHYA

234898

ISOTYPE

FISSURICOLA

102307

ISOTYPE

FORMOSA

383156

ISOTYPE

FORMOSA

103033

ISOTYPE

GRACILIOR

383986

ISOTYPE

GYNODYNAMA

328017

ISOTYPE

HAGIANA

103098

SYNTYPE

HOODII

VAR NERVOSA

103098

SYNTYPE

HOODII

VAR NEUROCARPA

553902

TYPE COLLECTION

IGNOTA

404489

ISOTYPE

INCONOITA

203910

ISOTYPE

INOPS

348506

ISOTYPE

INTERIMUS

553999

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

272528

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

272529

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

242959

TYPE COLLECTION

INTFRRUPTA

VAR DISTENTA

477664

ISOTYPE

JACOBI-PETERI

384438

ISOTYPE

LATEBRACTEATA

102481

ISOTYPE

LEIOPHYLLA

264341

SYNTYPE

LEMANNIANA

VAR SIMPLEX

186427

ISOTYPE

LEPTOPODA

136

ISOTYPE

LUZULAEFOLIA

VAR STROBILANTHA

231121

ISOTYPE

LUZULAEFOLIA

VAR STROBILANTHA

384084

ISOTYPE

LUZULINA

264346

ISOTYPE

MACKENZIANA

553885

ISOTYPE

MEADII

553875

TYPE FRAGMENT

MENDOCINENSIS

234896

ISOTYPE

MICROPTERA

194659

ISOTYPE

MURICULATA

235733

HOLOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

237824

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

237908

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

351152

ISOTYPE

ONUSTA

239452

ISOTYPE

PELOCARPA

369422

ISOTYPE

PERCOSTATA

155657

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

193005

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

383889

ISO TYPE

PITYOPHILA

416360

ISOTYPE

PLECTOCARPA

105004

TYPE COLLECTION

PRATENSIS

404488

ISOTYPE

PRATICOLA

VAR SUBCORIACEA

102638

ISOTYPE

PROPOSITA

325253

ISOTYPE

RACHILLIS

336836

ISOTYPE

RUGATA

383801

TYPE COLLECTION

SALINAEFORMIS

383407

TYPE COLLECTION

SARTWELLII

553975

TYPE COLLECTION

SARTWELLII

553877

ISOTYPE

SCABRIOR

445940

ISOTYPE

SEATONIANA

246086

HOLOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

246636

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

232289

SYNTYPE

SPECIFICA

342553

HOLOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

342552

ISOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

162423

ISOTYPE

SUBIMPRESSA

259816

HOLOTYPE

SUBNIGRICANS

152864

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFII

243333

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFII

553943

TYPE COLLECTION

TENTACULATA

VAR ALTIOR

428953

HOLOTYPE

TOMPKINSI

429306

ISOTYPE

TOMPKINSI

351161

ISOTYPE

TOWNSENDII

348507

ISOTYPE

VERNACULA

VAR HOBSONII

DS (DUDLEY HERBARIUM, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, STANFORD, CALIFORNIA)

149709

ISOTYPE

ABORIGINUM

55317

ISOTYPE

ABRAMSII

64125

ISOTYPE

ABRUPTA

109019

ISOTYPE

ARAPAHOENSIS

489410

HOLOTYPE

AUSTROMONTANA

49734

TYPE COLLECTION

CALIFORNICA

269649

ISOTYPE

CONSTANCEANA

145619

HOLOTYPE

DUDLEYI

629609

ISOTYPE

DUDLEY I

144009

ISOTYPE

EASTWOODIANA

284598

ISOTYPE

EGREGIA

149706

ISOTYPE

ELRODI

145620

HOLOTYPE

GRACILIOR

49500

ISOTYPE

GYNODYNAMA

490408

ISOTYPE

GYNODYNAMA

278190

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

78003

HOLOTYPE

JACINTOENSIS

490443

ISOTYPE

LEPORINELLA

13923

ISOTYPE

LEPTOPODA

76794

ISOTYPE

LUZULINA

54832

ISOTYPE

MENDOCINENSIS

489409

HOLOTYPE

MULTICOSTATA

171453

ISOTYPE

NEBRASKENSIS

VAR ERUCAEFORMIS

ISOTYPE

NUDATA

VAR FIRMIOR

270930

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

490462

SYNTYPE

PANSA

49738

TYPE COLLECTION

PAUCICOSTATA

55002

SYNTYPE

QUADRIFIDA

293480

TYPE COLLECTION

SALINAEFORMIS

490735

ISOTYPE

SCABRIUSCULA

258275

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

374718

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

337970

ISOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

83850

ISOTYPE

STENOPTERA

171455

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFIJ

269641

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFII

269625

SYNTYPE

SUKSDORFII

VAR OVALIS

63991

ISOTYPE

ULTRA

64032

ISOTYPE

ULTRA

F (FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS)

186491

ISOTYPE

ABRAMSII

206585

TYPE MATERIAL

ACUTINA

32699

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

32700

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

56916

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

349624

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

373673

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

373679

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

1464064

TYPE MATERIAL

APODOSTACHYA

264169

ISOTYPE

AUTUMNALIS

1266184

TYPE MATERIAL

AZUAYAE

999642

TYPE MATERIAL

BARTLETTII

314869

ISOTYPE

BONPLANDII

VAR MINOR

456934

ISOTYPE

BONPLANDII

VAR MINOR

1620435

ISOTYPE

CHIAPENSIS

49642

ISOTYPE

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

202021

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

26304

TYPE MATERIAL

CREBRIFLORA

1128952

HOLOTYPE

CUCHUMATANENSIS

1266170

HOLOTYPE

CULMENICOLA

1406416

TYPE MATERIAL

CUNEATA

751055

ISOTYPE

X DEAMII

455703

TYPE COLLECTION

DEWEYANA

VAR SPARSIFLORA

1429766

TYPE COLLECTION

DEWEYANA

VAR SPARSIFLORA

122779

TYPE MATERIAL

FESTIVA

VAR DECUMBENS

314892

SYNTYPE

HALLII

456958

SYNTYPE

HALLII

176870

ISOTYPE

HARPERI

1411493

TYPE MATERIAL

HATUSIMANA

283119

TYPE MATERIAL

HELLERI

1128957

HOLOTYPE

HUEHUETECA

1463659

TYPE MATERIAL

HYMENODON

314869

ISOTYPE

ILLOTA

456934

ISOTYPE

ILLOTA

1076930

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

263394

TYPE COLLECTION

INVOLUCRATELLA

1406403

TYPE MATERIAL

KURILENSIS

129242

SYNTYPE

LACUNARUM

1566419

SYNTYPE

LACUNARUM

1481645

ISOTYPE

LANGEANA

55470

HOLOTYPE

LARENSIS

267758

ISOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR LEPTONERVIA

455706

TYPE COLLECTION

LEPORINA

VAR AMERICANA

1425899

TYPE COLLECTION

LEPORINA

VAR AMERICANA

206587

TYPE COLLECTION

MARCIDA

VAR DEBILIS

866418

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

455736

SYNTYPE

OREGONENSIS

96129

TYPE MATERIAL

OXYCARPA

211365

TYPE MATERIAL

OXYCARPA

223512

TYPE MATERIAL

PADOOENSIS

1471489

TYPE MATERIAL

PADDOENSIS

309086

TYPE MATERIAL

PAUCICOSTATA

178542

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

455706

TYPE COLLECTION

PHAEOCEPHALA

1425899

TYPE COLLECTION

PHAEOCEPHALA

755322

TYPE MATERIAL

PHYSOCHLAENA

105551

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

1607711

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

215918

TYPE COLLECTION

PSEUDOJAPONICA

1263854

HOLOTYPE

RORAIMENSIS

1489429

ISOTYPE

RUGATA

1463953

TYPE MATERIAL

RUGATA

30885

TYPE MATERIAL

SALINAEFORMIS

210109

TYPE COLLECTION

SCIRPOIOEA

VAR GIGAS

464432

SYNTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR SUBTURBINATA

907841

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

1252385

HOLOTYPE

STANDLEYANA

1129096

HOLOTYPE

STEYERMARKII

813737

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR LAEVIVAGINATA

1263858

HOLOTYPE

TACHIRENSIS

1263857

HOLOTYPE

TAMANA

1129085

TYPE MATERIAL

TOJQUIANENSIS

1129086

TYPE MATERIAL

TOJQUIANENSIS

1266183

TYPE MATERIAL

TOREAOORA

1128966

TYPE

TUNIMANENSIS

1266150

HOLOTYPE

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

1129094

HOLOTYPE

VENOSIVAGINATA

89120

TYPE MATERIAL

VITREA

309085

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

309086

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

GH (GRAY HERBARIUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)

ISONEOTYPE

ABLATA

ISOTYPE

ABSCONDITA

VAR ROSTELLATA

HOLOTYPE

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

ISOTYPE

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

SYNTYPE

ACCEDENS

TYPE COLLECTION

ACUTA

VAR PALLIDA

ISOTYPE

ACUTINA

SYNTYPE

ADUSTA

VAR GLOMERATA

SYNTYPE

AENEA

TYPE COLLECTION

AEQUA

ISOTYPE

AESTIVALIFORMIS

HOLOTYPE

ALATA

VAR FERRUGINEA

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

VAR SPARSI-SPICATA

HOLOTYPE

AMPHIBOLA

VAR TURGIDA

TYPE

ANGUSTIOR

VAR GRACILENTA

SYNTYPE

APERTA

ISOTYPE

AQUATILIS

VAR SUBSTRICTA

ISOTYPE

ARAPAHOENSIS

HOLOTYPE

ARGYRANTHA

ISOTYPE

ARGYRANTHA

HOLOTYPE

ARISTATA

VAR LONGO-LANCEOLA

ISOTYPE

ARSENII

HOLOTYPE

ARTITECTA

VAR SUBTILIROSTRIS

SYNTYPE

ASSINIBOINENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

AZTECICA

TYPE COLLECTION

BACKANA

SYNTYPE

BACKII

HOLOTYPE

BARBARAE

ISOTYPE

BARTLETTII

HOLOTYPE

BAYARDI

ISOTYPE

BILTMOREANA

HOLOTYPE

BONPLANDII

VAR MINOR

ISOTYPE

BREWERI

ISOTYPE

BURCHELLIANA

ISOTYPE

CAESARIENSIS

PARATYPE

CANESCENS

VAR DISJUNCTA

ISOTYPE

CANESCENS

VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA

TYPE COLLECTION

CAROLINIANA

TYPE

CEPHALOPHORA

VAR MAXIMA

SYNTYPE

CHALCIOLEPIS

HOLOTYPE

CILIARIS

TYPE COLLECTION

CINNAMOMEA

ISOTYPE

CIRCINNATA

HOLOTYPE

CLIVICOLA

HOLOTYPE

COLLECTA

SYNTYPE

CONJUNCTA

HOLOTYPE

COOLEYI

SYNTYPE

CRAWFORDII

SYNTYPE

CRAWFORDII

VAR VIGENS

TYPE

CREBRIFLORA

HOLGTYPE

CRINITA

VAR BREVICRINIS

SYNTYPE

CRINITA

VAR SIMULANS

ISOTYPE

CRISTATA

ISOTYPE

CRUS-CORVI

HOLOTYPE

CRU5-CORVI

VAR VIRGINIANA

HOLOTYPE

CUMULATA

FOR SOLUTA

ISOTYPE

DANAENSIS

ISOTYPE

DAVYI

HOLOTYPE

DEBILIS

VAR INTERCURSA

HOLOTYPE

DEBILIS

VAR PUBERA

ISOTYPE

DEVIA

HOLOTYPE

DEWEYANA

VAR COLLECTANEA

TYPE COLLECTION

DEWEYANA

VAR SPARSIFLORA

HOLOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR ASYMMETRICA

HOLOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR MACROPODA

TYPE MATERIAL

DOUGLASII

VAR DENSISPICATA

ISOTYPE

X DUMANII

ISOTYPE

DUTILLYI

ISOTYPE

EASTWOODIANA

HOLOTYPE

ECHINATA

VAR ORMANTHA

ISOTYPE

EKMANII

ISOTYPE

EKMANII

VAR HOTTENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

ELBERTANA

ISOTYPE

ELEOCHARIS

ISOTYPE

ELYNOIDES

HOLOTYPE

ENGELMANNI

TYPE MATERIAL

ERXLEBENIANA

ISOTYPE

EURYSTACHYA

HOLOTYPE

EXPLORATORUM

TYPE COLLECTION

PELIPENSIS

ISOTYPE

FESTIVELLA

HOLOTYPE

FETA

ISOTYPE

FILIFOLIA

VAR EROSTRATA

HOLOTYPE

FISSA

VAR ARISTATA

HOLOTYPE

FLACCOSPERMA

HOLOTYPE

FLAVA

VAR GASPENSIS

ISOTYPE

FLAVA

VAR RECTIROSTRA

ISOTYPE

FOENEA

VAR PERPLEXA

ISOTYPE

FORMOSA

ISOTYPE

FRANKLINII

ISOTYPE

GARBERI

HOLOTYPE

GARBERI

VAR BIFARIA

HOLOTYPE

GLAREOSA

VAR AMPHIGENA

ISOTYPE

GLAUCODEA

ISOTYPE

GRACILIOR

ISOTYPE

GRACILLIMA

HOLOTYPE

GRISEA

VAR RIGIDA

HOLOTYPE

GUATEMALENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

HALLIANA

SYNTYPE

HALLII

HOLOTYPE

HALSEYANA

HOLOTYPE

HARPERI

SYNTYPE

HAYDENIANA

HOLOTYPE

HEBETATA

SYNTYPE

HEPBURNII

TYPE MATERIAL

HETERONEURA

HOLOTYPE

HITCHCOCKIANA

TYPE COLLECTION

HOOKERANA

SYNTYPE

HORMATHODES

HOLOTYPE

HORNSCHUCHIANA

VAR LAURENTIANA

HOLOTYPE

HOSTIANA

VAR LAURENTIANA

HOLOTYPE

TLLOTA

ISOTYPE

INCISO-DENTATA

ISOTYPE

INCURVIFORMIS

HOLOTYPE

INFLATA

VAR ANTICOSTENSIS

HOLOTYPE

INOPS

ISOTYPE

INTERIMUS

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

HOLOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR JOSSELYNII

HOLOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR KEWEENAWENSIS

HOLOTYPE

INTUMESCENS

FOR VENTRIOSA

ISOTYPE

INVOLUCRATELLA

ISOTYPE

KALOIDES

HOLOTYPE

KATAHDINENSIS

SYNTYPE

KELLOGGII

ISOTYPE

KOKRINENSIS

HOLOTYPE

LAEVI-CONICA

HOLOTYPE

LANGEANA

HOLOTYPE

LASIOCARPA

VAR AMERICANA

ISOTYPE

LATEBRACTEATA

HOLOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR LEPTONERVIA

HOLOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR SERRULATA

ISOTYPE

LEIOCARPA

ISOTYPE

LEIOPHYLLA

TYPE COLLECTION

LEMMONI

TYPE COLLECTION ISOTYPE

LEPORINA LEPORINELLA

VAR AMERICANA

HOLOTYPE

LIVIDA

VAR RUFINAEFORMIS

ISOTYPE

LONGICULMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

LUZULINA

HOLOTYPE

MACKENZIANA

HOLOTYPE

MEADII

TYPE COLLECTION

MEEKII

ISOTYPE

MELOZITNENSIS

HOLOTYPE

MENDOCINENSIS

HOLOTYPE

MERRITT-FERNALDII

ISOTYPE

MESOCHOREA

ISOTYPE

MICROCHAETA

HOLOTYPE

MILIARIS

VAR AUREA

HOLOTYPE

MIRABILIS

SYNTYPE

MIRABILIS

VAR PERLONGA

SYNTYPE

MIRABILIS

VAR TINCTA

HOLOTYPE

MISANDROIDES

HOLOTYPE

MONTEREYENSIS

ISOTYPE

NELSONII

ISOTYPE

X NEOBIGELOWII

HOLOTYPE

X NEOFILIPENDULA

ISOTYPE

X NEOPALEACEA

HOLOTYPE

NERVINA

ISOTYPE

NEUROPHORA

ISOTYPE

NIGRICANS

ISOTYPE

NOVAE-ANGLIAE

ISOTYPE

X NUBENS

ISOTYPE

NUBICOLA

HOLOTYPE

NUTTALLII

ISOTYPE

OAXACANA

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

ISOTYPE

OBOVOIDEA

HOLOTYPE

OLIGOCARPA

VAR LATIFOLIA

HOLOTYPE

ORMOSTACHYA

HOLOTYPE

ORONENSIS

ISOTYPE

PACHYSTACHYA

ISOTYPE

PADDOENSIS

ISOTYPE

PALAWANENSIS

HOLOTYPE

PALLESCENS

VAR NEOGAEA

HOLOTYPE

PAPULOSA

ISOTYPE

X PATUENSIS

HOLOTYPE

PAUPERCULA

VAR BREVISQUAMA

HOLOTYPE

PAUPERCULA

VAR PALLENS

ISOTYPE

PAYSONIS

HOLOTYPE

PERLONGA

ISOTYPE

PERSTRICTA

ISOTYPE

PETRIEI

TYPE COLLECTION

PHAEOCEPHALA

HOLOTYPE

PHYLLOMANICA

ISOTYPE

PINETORUM

VAR ELATIOR

ISOTYPE

PIPERI

TYPE MATERIAL

PLATYPHYLLA

TYPE MATERIAL

PODOCARPA

HOLOTYPE

PORTERI

ISOTYPE

POTOSINA

HOLOTYPE

PRAEGRACILIS

HOLOTYPE

PRAIREA

ISOTYPE

PRATENSIS

VAR FURVA

SYNTYPE

PREISSII

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

ISOTYPE

PROJECTA

ISOTYPE

PROPOSITA

HOLOTYPE

X PSEUDO-FULVA

ISOTYPE

X QUEBECENSIS

SYNTYPE

RAYNOLOSII

HOLOTYPE

RETROCURVA

ISOTYPE

RETROCURVA

VAR COPULATA

TYPE MATERIAL

RICHARDSONII

HOLOTYPE

RICHARDSONII

FOR EXSERTA

HOLOTYPE

ROSEA

VAR ARKANSANA

ISOTYPE

RUBRO-BRUNNEA

VAR ELINEOLATA

HOLOTYPE

RUGATA

HOLOTYPE

SARTWELLIANA

ISOTYPE

X SAXENII

NM. FERRUGINEA

ISOTYPE

SCHAFFNERI

HOLOTYPE

SCHNEIDERI

HOLOTYPE

SCHWEINITZII

HOLOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR CONDENSA

SYNTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR FULVA

HOLOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR MONILIFORMIS

HOLOTYPE

SCOPARIA

FOR PERACUTA

HOLOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR SUBTURBINATA

HOLOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR TESSELLATA

ISOTYPE

SEATONIANA

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

HOLOTYPE

SOPERI

ISOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

TYPE COLLECTION

SPRETA

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR LAEVIVAGINATA

SYNTYPE

STRAMINEA

VAR CUMULATA

SYNTYPE

STRAMINEA

VAR ECHINODES

SYNTYPE

STYLOSA

VAR VIRENS

ISOTYPE

SUB-BRACTEATA

ISOTYPE

SUBFUSCA

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFII

ISOTYPE

SYCHNOCEPHALA

HOLOTYPE

TENERA

HOLOTYPE

TENERA

VAR RICHII

ISOTYPE

TENUIFLORA

VAR SETACEA

HOLOTYPE

TERRAE-NOVAE

HOLOTYPE

THURBERI

HOLOTYPE

X TRICHINA

HOLOTYPE

TRICHOPHYLLA

ISOTYPE

TRISPERMA

VAR BILLINGSII

ISOTYPE

TSOI

ISOTYPE

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

HOLOTYPE

UMBELLATA

VAR VICINA

ISOTYPE

UNCOMPAHGRE

HOLOTYPE

VAGINATA

VAR ALTO-CAULIS

HOLOTYPE

VALLICOLA

ISOTYPE

VENOSIVAGINATA

ISOTYPE

VERNACULA

VAR HOBSONII

HOLOTYPE

VESICARIA

VAR JEJUNA

HOLOTYPE

VESICARIA

VAR LAURENTIANA

HOLOTYPE

VESTITA

VAR KENNEDYI

HOLOTYPE

VICARIA

ISOTYPE

VIRIDULA

FOR PYGMAEA

HOLOTYPE

VULPINOIDEA

VAR PYCNOCEPHALA

HOLOTYPE

WATSONI

ISOTYPE

WIEGANDII

TYPE COLLECTION

WILLDENOVII

VAR PAUCIFLORA

HOLOTYPE

WOOD II

HOLOTYPE

X XANTHINA

SYNTYPE

XERANTICA

JEPS (JEPSON HERBARIUM, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)

2511

ISOTYPE

DAVYI

4013

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

20008

ISOTYPE

JE PSONII

19722

ISOTYPE

MARIPOSANA

MO (MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, ST. LOUIS)

TYPE COLLECTION

ABSCONDITA

VAR ROSTELLATA

1306480

ISOTYPE

X ABSCONDITIFORMIS

SYNTYPE

ACCEDENS

TYPE MATERIAL

AESTIVALIFORMIS

TYPE MATERIAL

AESTIVALIS

TYPE COLLECTION

AGGLOMERATA

TYPE COLLECTION

AQUATILIS

VAR SUBSTRICTA

SYNTYPE

ATHROSTACHYA

1834152

HOLOTYPE

AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

ISOTYPE

AUTUMNALIS

TYPE COLLECTION

AZTECICA

1611724

SYNTYPE

BANKSII

ISOTYPE

BONPLANDII

VAR MINOR

710112

TYPE COLLECTION

BULBOSTYLIS

TYPE COLLECTION

CALIFORNICA

SYNTYPE

CHALCIOLEPIS

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

1108572

ISOTYPE

CRUS-CORVI

VAR VIRGINIANA

TYPE MATERIAL

DEBILIFORMIS

1306423

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR ASYMMETRICA

1129747

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR MACROPODA

ISOTYPE

DUDLEYI

TYPE MATERIAL

ELMERI

TYPE COLLECTION

ELYNOIDES

ISOTYPE

EPAPILLOSA

1816497

TYPE COLLECTION

FENDLERIANA

ISOTYPE

FISSA

ISOTYPE

GRACILIOR

TYPE MATERIAL

GYMNOCLADA

SYNTYPE

HALLII

TYPE MATERIAL

HAYDENII

ISOTYPE

ILLOTA

1816496

TYPE COLLECTION

INTERIOR

1148381

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

1190731

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

1201697

ISOTYPE TYPE MATERIAL SYNTYPE

INTERIOR INVOLUCRATELLA LACUNARUM

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

1692174

ISOTYPE

LATEBRACTEATA

ISOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR LEPTONERVIA

TYPE COLLECTION

LEPORINA

VAR AMERICANA

TYPE MATERIAL

LUZULINA

ISOTYPE

MEADII

ISOTYPE

MENDOCINENSIS

952735

TYPE COLLECTION

NEBRASKENSIS

VAR ERUCAEFORMIS

TYPE MATERIAL

NUDATA

TYPE COLLECTION

OAXACANA

1220830

TYPE MATERIAL

OBOVOIDEA

TYPE MATERIAL

OKLAHOMENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

PAUCICOSTATA

TYPE MATERIAL

PERGLOBOSA

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

TYPE COLLECTION

PHAEOCEPHALA

ISOTYPE

PHYLLOMANICA

920815

TYPE COLLECTION

PHYSOCHLAENA

TYPE MATERIAL

PRAINII

2002968

SYNTYPE

PREISSII

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

1260436

ISOTYPE

RUBRO-BRUNNEA

VAR ELINEOLATA

1306478

ISOTYPE

RUGATA

TYPE MATERIAL

SALINAEFORMIS

TYPE MATERIAL

SAXIMONTANA

ISOTYPE

SCABRIUSCULA

2002967

TYPE COLLECTION

SCAPOSA

TYPE COLLECTION

SPRETA

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR LAEVIVAGINATA

SYMTYPE

STRAMINEA

VAR CUMULATA

TYPE COLLECTION

STYLOFLEXA

SYNTYPE

STYLOSA

VAR VIRENS

95212

TYPE COLLECTION

SUKSDORFII

TYPE COLLECTION

VIOLACEA

ISOTYPE

VITREA

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

NY (NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY)

TYPE

ABDITA

ISONEOTYPE

ABLATA

ISOTYPE

ABORIGINUM

HOLOTYPE

ABRAMSII

HOLOTYPE

ABRUPTA

TYPE COLLECTION

ABSCONDITA

VAR ROSTELLATA

ISOTYPE

X ABSCONOITIFORMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

ACUTINA

TYPE COLLECTION

AEQUA

TYPE MATERIAL

AESTIVALIS

TYPE

AGGREGATA

SYNTYPE

ALATA

TYPE COLLECTION

ALBIDA

ISOTYPE

ALMA

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

ISOTYPE

ALOPECOIDEA

VAR SPARSI-SPICATA

TYPE COLLECTION

AMPHIBOLA

TYPE COLLECTION

ANGUSTIOR

ISOTYPE

APODA

TYPE COLLECTION

AQUATILIS

ISOTYPE

ARAPAHOENSIS

TYPE

ARCTAEFORMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

ARCTICA

ISOTYPE

ARSENII

SYNTYPE

ATHROSTACHYA

SYNTYPE

ATHROSTACHYA

ISOTYPE

ATRACTODES

ISOTYPE

ATROSQUAMA

ISOTYPE

AUREA

VAR ANDROGYNA

TYPE COLLECTION

AUROLENSIS

ISOTYPE

AZUAYAE

SYNTYPE

BACKII

COTYPE

BALTZELLII

ISOTYPE

BARBARAE

TYPE COLLECTION

BARRATTII

TYPE

BARTLETTI1

TYPE

BILTMOREANA

TYPE

BONANZENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

BREVICAULIS

HOLOTYPE

BREVISQUAMA

SYNTYPE

BRONGNIARTII

VAR DENSA

TYPE COLLECTION

BUCKLEYI

TYPE COLLECTION

BUSHII

TYPE

CABSARIENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

CALIFORNICA

HOLOTYPE

CAMPYLOCARPA

SSP AFFINIS

ISOTYPE

CANESCENS

VAR DUBIA

TYPE COLLECTION

CANESCENS

VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA

HOLOTYPE

CAREYANA

TYPE COLLECTION

CAROLINIANA

SYNTYPE

CHALCIOLEPIS

ISOTYPE

CHIAPENSIS

HOLOTYPE

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

TYPE

CHIKUNGANA

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

HOLOTYPE

COLUMBIANA

TYPE

CONCINNOIDES

ISOTYPE

CONSTANCEANA

TYPE

CONVOLUTA

TYPE COLLECTION

COSTATA

TYPE COLLECTION

CRANDALLII

TYPE

CREBRIFLORA

ISOTYPE

CRUS-CORVI

VAR VIRGINIANA

TYPE

CRYPTOLEPIS

ISOTYPE

CUBENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

CUBENSIS

VAR FLACCIDA

SYNTYPE

CUSICKII

ISOTYPE

DAVY I

TYPE COLLECTION

DEWEYANA

VAR SPARSIFLORA

TYPE COLLECTION

DIGITALIS

VAR GLAUCA

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR MACROPODA

ISOTYPE

DLJDLEYI

SYNTYPE

DURIFOLIA

TYPE

EBENEA

TYPP COLLECTION

EGGERTII

ISOTYPE

EGGLESTONII

TYPE

EGREGIA

TYPE MATERIAL

EKMANII

ISOTYPE

ELRODI

HOLOTYPE

EPAPILLOSA

ISOTYPE

EPAPILLOSA

ISOTYPE

EXPLORATORUM

TYPE MATERIAL

FARGESII

TYPE COLLECTION

FELIPENSIS

TYPE

FENDLERIANA

SYNTYPE

FESTIVA

TYPE COLLECTION

FESTIVA

VAR DECUMBENS

TYPE MATERIAL

FESTIVA

VAR STRICTA

TYPE

FESTIVELLA

HOLOTYPE

FISSA

ISOTYPE

FISSA

VAR ARISTATA

TYPE

FLACCIDULA

ISOTYPE

FLACCOSPERMA

TYPE

FRANKLINII

TYPE

FULVESCENS

TYPE MATERIAL

FUSCOLUTEA

TYPE

FUSCOTINCTA

TYPE

GAYANA

VAR HYALINA

TYPE COLLECTION

GEYERI

ISOTYPE

GLAREOSA

VAR AMPHIGENA

TYPE COLLECTION

GRIFFITHII

ISOTYPE

GYMNOCLADA

ISOTYPE

GYNODYNAMA

SYNTYPE

HALEI

SYNTYPE

HALLII

SYNTYPE

HALLII

ISOTYPE

HALSEYANA

HOLOTYPE

HARFOROII

ISOTYPE

HARPERI

TYPE COLLECTION

HASSEI

TYPE

HELLERI

TYPE

HETEROSTACHYA

ISOTYPE

HINDSII

VAR BREVIGLUMA

TYPE COLLECTION

HIRSUTA

VAR CUSPIDATA

TYPE

HOLMIANA

SYNTYPE

HOODII

VAR NERVOSA

SYNTYPE

HOODII

VAR NEUROCARPA

TYPE COLLECTION

HOOKERANA

ISOTYPE

HORNSCHUCHIANA

VAR LAURENTIANA

HOLOTYPE

HOUGHTONIANA

TYPE COLLECTION

IGNOTA

TYPE COLLECTION

ILLINOENSIS

TYPE

INCOMPERTA

HOLOTYPE

INCURVIFORMIS

ISOTYPE

INOPS

HOLOTYPE

INTEGRA

TYPE

INTERIMUS

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR JOSSELYNII

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR KEWEENAWENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

INVOLUCRATELLA

HOLOTYPE

JAMESII

HOLOTYPE

JEPSONII

SYNTYPE

JONESII

ISOTYPE

KATAHDINENSIS

TYPE

KULINGANA

TYPE

LACINIATA

SYNTYPE

LACUNARUM

ISOTYPE

LANCIFRUCTUS

TYPE

LARICINA

ISOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR LEPTONERVIA

ISOTYPE

LAXIFLORA

VAR SERRULATA

TYPE COLLECTION

LEAVENWORTHII

ISOTYPE

LENTICULARIS

VAR PAULLIFRUCTUS

TYPE COLLECTION

LEPORINA

VAR AMERICANA

TYPE

LEPTOPODA

TYPE COLLECTION

LONGIROSTRIS

VAR MICROCYSTIS

TYPE

LUNELLIANA

TYPE COLLECTION

LUZULINA

COTYPE

MACROKOLEA

TYPE

MACROSPERMA

ISOTYPE

MADRENSIS

ISOTYPE

MANOONIANA

TYPE

MARCIDA

VAR DEBILIS

HOLOTYPE

MARIPOSANA

ISOTYPE

MEADIl

TYPE

MEDITERRANIA

ISOTYPE

MENDOCINENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

MERRILLII

TYPE

MICROPTERA

ISOTYPE

MISANDROIDES

ISOTYPE

MISERA

HOLOTYPE

MOHRIANA

HOLOTYPE

MOLESTA

SYNTYPE

MONTANENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

NANA

ISOTYPE

NEBRASKENSIS

ISOTYPE

NEBRASKENSIS

VAR ERUCAEFORMIS

ISOTYPE

NEBRASKENSIS

VAR ULTRIFORMIS

HOLOTYPE

NELSONII

ISOTYPE

X NEOBIGELOWII

TYPE COLLECTION

NEOMEXICANA

ISOTYPE

NEUROPHORA

TYPE COLLECTION

NIORO-MARGINATA

ISOTYPE

NUTTALLII

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

TYPE

OEDERI

VAR ROUSSEAUIANA

TYPE

OKLAHOMENSIS

SYNTYPE

OLYMPICA

TYPE

ONUSTA

SYNTYPE

OREGONENSIS

ISOTYPE

ORONENSIS

TYPE COLLECTION

OXYLEPIS

VAR PUBESCENS

ISOTYPE

PADDOENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

PALAWANENSIS

SYNTYPE

PANSA

ISOTYPE

PAPULOSA

TYPE COLLECTION

PARRYANA

TYPE COLLECTION

PAUCICOSTATA

HOLOTYPE

PELOCARPA

HOLOTYPE

PERGLOBOSA

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

TYPE

PERSTRICTA

TYPE

PETASATA

TYPE

PETRICOSA

TYPE COLLECTION

PHAEOCEPHALA

ISOTYPE

PHAEOLEPIS

TYPE MATERIAL

PHILOCRENA

ISOTYPE

PHYLLOMANJCA

TYPE COLLECTION

PHYSOCHLAENA

TYPE COLLECTION

PICTA

ISOTYPE

PINETORUM

VAR ELATIOR

TYPE MATERIAL

PITYOPHILA

HOLOTYPE

PLATYLEPIS

HOLOTYPE

PRAECEPTORIUM

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

TYPE COLLECTION

PRIONPHYLLA

TYPE COLLECTION

PROJECTA

HOLOTYPE

PROPOSITA

TYPE COLLECTION

PSEUDOJAPONICA

TYPE COLLECTION

PTYCHOCARPA

TYPE COLLECTION

PURPURIFERA

SYNTYPE

QUADRIFIDA

SYNTYPE

QUADRIFIDA

VAR LENIS

ISOTYPE

X QUEBECENSIS

TYPE

RACHILLIS

TYPE

RETROFLEXA

COTYPE

RHYNCHACHAENIUM

ISOTYPE

RORAIMENSIS

ISOTYPE

ROSAEOIDES

ISOTYPE

ROSEA

VAR ARKANSANA

TYPE

ROSEA

VAR PUSILLA

TYPE

ROSEA

VAR STAMINATA

TYPE

RUBRO-BRUNNEA

VAR ELINEOLATA

ISOTYPE

RUGATA

TYPE

RUGOSPERMA

TYPE

RUSBYI

HOLOTYPE

RUTHII

TYPE COLLECTION

SALINAEFORMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

SANGUINEA

TYPE COLLECTION

SARTWELLII

ISOTYPE

SAVAIIENSIS

TYPE MATERIAL

SAXIMONTANA

TYPE

SCABRIUSCULA

TYPE

SCIRPIFORMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

SCIRPOIDEA

VAR GIGAS

TYPE COLLECTION

SCIRPOIDEA

VAR STENOCHLAENA

TYPE COLLECTION

SCOPARIA

VAR MINOR

ISOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR SUBTURBINATA

ISOTYPE

SCOPARIA

VAR TESSELLATA

HOLOTYPE

SCOULERI

ISOTYPE

SHELDONII

TYPE

SHELDONII

TYPE COLL ECT ION

SICCATA

HOLOTYPE

SIMULATA

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

ISOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

TYPE

STANTONENSIS

ISOTYPE

STELLATA

TYPE

STELLULATA

VAR CONFERTA

TYPE

STENOPTERA

ISOTYPE

STERILIS

VAR EXCELSIOR

TYPE COLLECTION

STEUDELII

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR LAEVIVAGINATA

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR SUBSECUTA

ISOTYPE

STIPATA

VAR UBERIOR

SYNTYPE

STRAMINEA

VAR CUMULATA

SYNTYPE

STRAMINEA

VAR RENIFORMIS

TYPE COLLECTION

STRICTA

VAR XEROCARPA

TYPE COLLECTION

STYLOFLEXA

HOLOTYPE

SUB-BRACTEATA

TYPE

SUBORBICULATA

TYPE MATERIAL

SUBTRANSVERSA

ISOTYPE

SUKSDORFII

SYNTYPE

SUKSDORFII

VAR OVALIS

HOLOTYPE

TAMAKII

HOLOTYPE

TENERAEFORMIS

SYNTYPE

TERETIUSCULA

VAR AMPLA

ISOTYPE

TOMPKINSI

ISOTYPE

TOREADORA

TYPE COLLECTION

TORTA

VAR STAMINATA

ISOTYPE

TOWNSENDII

TYPE

TRACYI

ISOTYPE

TRIANGULARIS

ISOTYPE

TRISPERMA

TYPE

TSOI

HOLOTYPE

TUMULICOLA

TYPE

TURGESCENS

ISOTYPE

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

TYPE

UNDERWOODII

TYPE

UNILATERALIS

ISOTYPE

VAGANS

HOLOTYPE

VERNACULA

VAR HOBSONII

TYPE COLLECTION

WERDERMANNII

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

SYNTYPE

WHITNEYI

TYPE COLLECTION

WILKESII

TYPE TYPE COLLECTION

WILLIAMSII WRIGHTII

TYPE

XANTHOCARPA

VAR ANNECTANS

SYNTYPE

XERANTICA

TYPE COLLECTION

XEROCARPA

TYPE

YUKONENSIS

UC (UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)

905439

HOLOTYPF

APODA

905436

HOLOTYPE

ARAPAHOENSIS

50814

HOLOTYPE

DAVY I

910020

HOLOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

127723

HOLOTYPE

LANCIFRUCTUS

55234

HOLOTYPE

LEPORINELLA

1098

ISOTYPE

MENDXINENSIS

319673

HOLOTYPE

OBLANCEOLATA

1060

HOLOTYPE

PACHYCARPA

905434

HOLOTYPE

PAYSONIS

835699

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

905433

HOLOTYPE

SUBIMPRESSA

905441

HOLOTYPE

TRIBULOIDES

VAR SANGAMONENSIS

US (U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON)

2003161

TYPE COLLECTION

ABSCONDITA

VAR ROSTELLATA

2003299

ISOTYPE X

ABSCONDITIFORMIS

25164

TYPE COLLECTION

ACUTINA

817087

TYPE COLLECTION

ACUTINA

27286

HOLOTYPE

ACUTINELLA

440179

TYPE COLLECTION

AGGLOMERATA

617798

TYPE

AGROSTOIDES

694342

TYPE

AGROSTOIDES

858947

TYPE COLLECTION

ALBO-NIGRA

2231424

TYPE

AMPLISQUAMA

865058

TYPE

ANTHOXANTHERA

1030011

TYPE COLLECTION

ARSENII

2265958

HOLOTYPE

ATHABASCENSIS

319165

SYNTYPE

ATHROSTACHYA

2133192

TYPE

ATRACTODES

2096188

ISOTYPE

ATROFUSCA

VAR DECOLORATA

622651

HOLOTYPE

ATROSQUAMA

817295

HOLOTYPE

AUTUMNAL IS

1933437

ISOTYPE

AZUAYAE

2333748

ISOTYPE

BAMBUSETORUM

1232938

SYNTYPE

BANKSII

415269

TYPE COLLECTION

BRACHYPODA

964504

TYPE COLLECTION

BRAINERDII

711129

TYPE

BRUNNEA

VAR SUBTEIOGYNA

587668

TYPE COLLECTION

BULBOSTYLIS

29741

TYPE COLLECTION

CALIFORNICA

319268

TYPE COLLECTION

CAJLIFORNICA

690937

TYPE COLLECTION

CAMPLYOCARPA

1885701

ISOTYPE

CAMPYLOCARPA

SSP AFFINIS

368814

SYNTYPE

CHALCIOLEPIS

28433

ISOTYPE

CHAPMANI

2460272

HOLOTYPE

CHIAPENSIS

306281

ISOTYPE

CHIHUAHUAENSIS

462090

ISOTYPE

CILIARIS

28457

TYPE COLLECTION

CINNAMOMEA

319228

TYPE COLLECTION

CINNAMOMEA

350077

TYPE COLLECTION

CLADOSTACHYA

VAR MAXIMA

1839933

ISOTYPE

CLIVICOLA

2038822

TYPE COLLECTION

COMANS

VAR STRICTA

27235

TYPE MATERIAL

CONFERTIFLORA

1032323

HOLOTYPE

CONSPECTA

278555

ISOTYPE

CRINITA

VAR BREVICRINIS

278555

SYNTYPE

CRINITA

VAR SIMULANS

1682487

ISOTYPE

CRUS-CORVI

VAR VIRGINIANA

1302602

TYPE COLLECTION

CUBENSIS

1765700

ISOTYPE

DANAENSIS

2003164

ISOTYPE

DEBRIS

VAR INTERCURSA

2003133

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR ASYMMETRICA

969118

TYPE COLLECTION

DIGITALIS

VAR GLAUCA

1761151

ISOTYPE

DIGITALIS

VAR MACROPODA

817314

TYPE COLLECTION

DONNELL-SMITHII

2176489

ISOTYPE X

DUMANII

579795

TYPE MATERIAL

DURANDII

857864

TYPE

EGGLESTONII

2466328

HOLOTYPE

EGGLESTONII

VAR FESTIVELLIFORMIS

1411790

COTYPE

EKMANII

1414090

TYPE COLLECTION

EKMANII

VAR HOTTENSIS

854950

TYPE MATERIAL

ELMERI

1531248

TYPE MATERIAL

ELRODI

368818

TYPE COLLECTION

ELYNOIDES

270933

ISOTYPE

EPAPILLOSA

2265959

HOLOTYPE

EURYSTACHYA

2176495

ISOTYPE X

EXSALINA

1123660

ISOTYPE

FARGESII

2449506

ISOTYPE

FISSA

VAR ARISTATA

468192

TYPE

FLACCIFOLIA

817810

HOLOTYPE

FRACTA

397187

TYPE COLLECTION

FUSCOLUTEA

251773

TYPE COLLECTION

FUSCOTINCTA

817237

TYPE COLLECTION

FUSCOTINCTA

63525

TYPE MATERIAL

GARBERI

660800

TYPE

GEOPHILA

319177

ISOTYPE

GRACILIOR

29651

SYNTYPE

HALLII

28685

ISOTYPE

HARFORDII

509004

ISOTYPE

HELLERI

28206

TYPE COLLECTION

HETERONEURA

802160

TYPE MATERIAL

ICHANGENSIS

235568

TYPE COLLECTION

IOAHOA

235569

TYPE COLLECTION

IOAHOA

2265956

HOLOTYPE

INCONDITA

1872574

ISOTYPE

INTERIMUS

1733722

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR CHARLESTONENSIS

605797

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR JOSSELYNII

1697057

ISOTYPE

INTERIOR

VAR KEWEENAWENSIS

30661

TYPE COLLECTION

INVOLUCRATELLA

825890

TYPE MATERIAL

JAMESONI

VAR SUBFULVA

1325047

ISOTYPE

KATAHOINENSIS

2074700

TYPE MATERIAL

KAUAIENSIS

430229

SYNTYPE

LACUNARUM

801132

SYNTYPE

LANCIFOLIA

1932015

ISOTYPE

LARENSIS

538796

HOLOTYPE

LEIOPHYLLA

29211

TYPE COLLECTION

LEMMONI

2231577

HOLOTYPE

LIMNOPHILA

800846

SYNTYPE

LONGICRURIS

VAR HENRYI

964880

TYPE COLLECTION

LUZULINA

1746479

ISOTYPE

MACKENZIANA

27238

TYPE MATERIAL-

MACROGLOSSA

301267

TYPE

MADRENSIS

969118

TYPE MATERIAL

MAGNIFOLIA

1789621

ISOTYPE

MELOZITNENSIS

29453

ISOTYPE

MENDOCINENSIS

711171

TYPE MATERIAL

MERRILLII

27281

TYPE MATERIAL

MICANS

2501314

ISOTYPE

MICRANTHA

30695

ISOTYPE

MICROGLOCHIN

SSP FUEGINA

2543807

HOLOTYPE

MICROPTERA

VAR CRASSINERVIA

886422

HOLOTYPE

MISERABILIS

2133195

ISOTYPE

MOHRIANA

23257

SYNTYPE

MONTANENSIS

2095886

ISOTYPE

MORRISSEYI

27280

TYPE MATERIAL

NANA

1438017

TYPE COLLECTION

NEBRASKENSIS

VAR ERUCAEFORMIS

2433719

ISOTYPE

X NEOBIGELOWII

2176496

ISOTYPE

X NEOPALEACEA

286861

ISOTYPE

NERVINA

31277

TYPE MATERIAL

NUTANS

VAR JAPONICA

251772

TYPE COLLECTION

OAXACANA

817656

TYPE COLLECTION

OAXACANA

1678188

ISOTYPE

OBISPOENSIS

30695

ISOTYPE

OLIGANTHA

504456

ISOTYPE

ONUSTA

27292

TYPE MATERIAL

OXYCARPA

415172

TYPE

PACHYSTOMA

529528

TYPE MATERIAL

PAODOENSIS

872800

TYPE MATERIAL

PALAWANENSIS

31344

ISOTYPE

PAPULOSA

27275

TYPE MATERIAL

PARCIFLORA

2133207

TYPE

PERCOSTATA

461358

ISOTYPE

PERLONGA

1545831

TYPE

PHALAROIOES

VAR PARVULA

31374

TYPE MATERIAL

PICTA

1563811

TYPE

PIRCHINCHENSIS

VAR SIMPLEX

660821

TYPE

PITYOPHILA

27269

TYPE MATERIAL

PLANATA

2420276

HOLOTYPE

PLECTOCARPA

2074725

TYPE MATERIAL

PLUVICA

VAR KOOLAUENSIS

27270

TYPE MATERIAL

PODOGYNA

458108

TYPE MATERIAL

PRAINII

2265957

HOLOTYPE

PRATICOLA

VAR SUBCORIACEA

865056

TYPE MATERIAL

PRESLII

817724

TYPE COLLECTION

PRINGLEI

1123683

ISOTYPE

PTEROLEPTA

1282178

TYPE

PURPUREOVAGINATA

VAR ITATIAIAE

1398830

TYPE MATERIAL

PYCNOTHYSOS

2433718

ISOTYPE

X QUEBECENSIS

2133193

TYPE

QUICHENSIS

1872576

TYPE MATERIAL

RACHILLIS

626608

TYPE MATERIAL

RAMOSII

2133190

HOLOTYPE

ROANENSIS

1754487

ISOTYPE

RUBRO-BRUNNEA

VAR ELINEOLATA

2003132

ISOTYPE

RUGATA

30267

TYPE COLLECTION

RUSBYI

29888

TYPE COLLECTION

SALINAEFORMIS

319226

TYPE COLLECTION

SALINAEFORMIS

1545752

TYPE

SALTAENSIS

2176493

ISOTYPE X

SAXENII

NM. FERRUGINEA

528631

ISOTYPE

SCABRIUSCULA

305734

TYPE COLLECTION

SEATONIANA

528495

TYPE COLLECTION

SHELDONII

511177

TYPE COLLECTION

SMALLIANA

1736782

ISOTYPE

SONOMENSIS

30329

SYNTYPE

SPECIFICA

2006386

ISOTYPE

SPECUICOLA

452499

HOLOTYPE

STELLATA

616142

TYPE MATERIAL

STENOPHYLLA

VAR DESERTORUM

969091

TYPE COLLECTION

STIPATA

VAR MAXIMA

28683

ISOTYPE

SUB-BRACTEATA

1765699

ISOTYPE

SUBNIGRICANS

710428

TYPE MATERIAL

SUB TRANSVERSA

1437926

TYPE COLLECTION

SUKSDORFII

1932033

ISOTYPE

TACHIRENSIS

2092356

TYPE MATERIAL

TETSUOI

2604281

ISOTYPE

TOMPKINSI

568126

HOLOTYPE

TOWNSENOII

1675120

TYPE MATERIAL

TSOI

1933688

ISOTYPE

TURUMIQUIRENSIS

1872573

ISOTYPE

VERNACULA

VAR HOBSONII

2050647

ISOTYPE

VESICARIA

VAR LAURENTIANA

2231425

HOLOTYPE

VEX ANS

886234

TYPE

VIRIDIOR

1967819

ISOTYPE

VITIENSIS

279151

ISOTYPE

VITREA

2074653

TYPE COLLECTION

WAHUENSIS

VAR RUBIGINOSA

2133191

TYPE COLLECTION

WILLDENOWI I

VAR MEGARRHYNCHA

2050636

ISOTYPE X

XANTHINA

Bibliography

Barnhart, John Hendley, 1871–1949 (compiler)

1965. Barnhart’s Biographical Notes Upon Botanists. 3 volumes. Boston: G. K. Hall.

Beschel, R. E., and J. H. Soper

1970. The Automation and Standardization of Certain Herbarium Procedures. Canadian Journal of Botany, 48:547–554.

Chaudhri, M. N., I. H. Vegter, and C. M. DeWal

1972. Index Herbariorum, Part 11(3), Collectors, I-L. Regnum Vegetabile,86:297–473.

Collier, Frederick J. (compiler)

1971. Catalog of Type Specimens of Invertebrate Fossils: Conodonta. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, Number 9:1–256.p

Cowan, R. S.

1970. The Index Nominum Genericorum Project--Past, Present, and Future. Taxon, 19:52–54.

Crovello, T. J.

1972. Computerization of Specimen Data from the Edward Lee Greene Herbarium (ND-G) at Notre Dame. Brittonia, 24:131–141.

Hale, Mason E., and Reginald Creighton

1970. An Automated System for Recording Exchanges. Flora North America Report, 32:1–9.

Hitchcock, A. S. (chairman), and members of Committee on Nomenclature of Botanical Society of America

[1934.] Location of Type Specimens. 19 pages, unpublished, processed. Washington. D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

[1935.] Location of Type Specimens. List 2. 30 pages, unpublished, processed. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Holmgren, Patricia K.

1971. A Biosystematic Study of North American Thlaspi montanum and Its Allies. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 21:1–106.

Lanjouw, J., and F. A. Stafleu

1954. Index Herbariorum, Part II. Collectors. First Instalment, A-D. Regnum Vegetabile, 2[2]: 1–174.

1957. Index Herbariorum, Part II. Collectors. Second Instalment, E-H. Regnum Vegetabile. 9:175–295.

1964. Index Herbariorum, Part I. The Herbaria of the World. Edition 5. Regnum Vegetabile, 31:1–251.

Lanjouw, J. (chairman), F. A. Stafleu (secretary), and members of Editorial Committee

1966. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Regnum Vegetabile, 46:1–402.

Lawrence, G. H. M., A. F. Gunther Buchheim, Gilbert S. Daniels, and Helmut Dolezal (editors)

1968. B-P-H, Botanico-Periodicum-Hun,ianum. 1063 pages. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Hunt Botanical Library.

Mackenzie, Kenneth K.

1923. Carex. Pages 282–344 in Leroy Abrams, An Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States. Volume 1, xi + 557 pages. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

1931–35. Cyperaceae-Cariceae. North American Flora, 18: 1–478.

McVaugh, Rogers, Robert Rosst and Frans A. Stafleu

1968. An Annotated Glossary of Botanical Nomenclature. Regnum Vegetabile, 56:1–31. Meadow, Harriet R.

1973a. The Use of Generalized Information Processing Systems in the Biological Sciences. Taxon, 22:3–18. [Flora North America Report, number 67.]

1973b. The Information Sys,ems Design for the Flora North America Program. Brittonia, in press.

Meikle, R. D.

1971. The History of the Index Kewensis. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 3:295–299.

Melchior, Hans

1964. A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pfianzenfamilien, II. 666 pages. Berlin-Nikolassee: Gebriider Borntraeger.

Melchior, Hans, and Erich Werdermann

1954. A Engler’s Syllabus der Pfianzenfamilien, I. 367 pages. Berlin-Nikolassee: Gebrüder Borntraeger.

Merriam Company, G. & C, publishers

1972. Webster’s New Geographical Dictionary. xxxi + 1370 pages. Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam Company.

Mickel. J. T.

1962. A monographic Study of,he Fern Genus Anemia, Subgenus Coptophyllum. Iowa State Journal of Science, 36:349–482.

Morse, Larry E.

1971. Specimen Identification and Key Construction with Time-Sharing Computers. Taxon, 20:269–282. [Flora North America Report, Number 52.]

Prance, Ghillean T.

1972a. Chrysobalanaceae. Flora Neotropica, Monograph Number 9:1–410.

1972b. Dichapetalaceae. Flora Neotropica, Monograph Number 10:1–84.

Rollins, Reed C.

1966. Authors of Plant Genera and the International Plant Index. Rhodora, 68:35–40.

Rouleau, Ernest (compiler)

1970. Guide to Index Kewensis and Its Supplements i-xiv. vi + 370 pages. Montreal: Published privately by Ernest Rouleau.

Seltzer, Leon (editor)

1952. The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World. x + 2148 pages. New York: Columbia University Press.

Shaw, E. A.

1971. The Gray Herbarium Card Index. Taxon, 20:333–336.

Shetler, Stanwyn G.

1969. The Herbarium: Past, Present, and Future. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82:687–758. [Flora North America Report, Number 28.]

1972. Information Systems and Data Banking. Pages 469–497 in Radford, A. E., W. C. Dickison, C. R. Bell, and contributors, Vascular Plant Systematics. vi + 543 pages. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Student Stores.

Shetler, S. G., J. H. Beaman, M. E. Hale, L. E. Morse, J. J. Crocket,, and R. A. Creighton.

1971. Pilot Data Processing Systems for Floristic Information. Pages 275–310 in J. L. Cutbill (editor)t Da,a Processing in Biology and Geology (The Systematics Association Special Volume Number 3). xv + 346 pages. London and New York: Academic Press. [Flora North America Report, Number 26.]

Shetler, Stanwyn G. (Program Director) and Harriet R. Meadow (Systems Development Manager)

1971. Flora North America: A Comprehensive Program of Biological Research, Information Systems Developmentt and Data Banking Concerned with the Vascular Plants of North America North of Mexico. Flora North America Report, 61:vii +1–124 + ap-npndirpi A-I

Stafleut Frans A.

1967. Taxonomic Literature, xx + 546 pages. Utrecht: International Bureau for Plant Taxonomy and Nomenclature.

Stafleu, F. A. (chairman), E. G. Voss (secretary), and members of Editorial Committee

1972. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Regnum Vegetabile, 82:1–426.

Stearn, William T.

1966. Botanical Latin, xiv + 566 pages. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons. United States National Bureau of Standards

1970. Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS Pub) 10: Countries, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty. 23 pages. Washingtont D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards.

United States National Herbarium

[1965.] Index,o Principal Collections Represented in the U. S. National Herbarium. 74 pages, unpublished, processed. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany.

Willis, J. C.

1966. A Dictionary of Flowering Plan,s. Seventh edition, revised by H. K. Airy Shaw, xxii + 1214+liii pages. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Wood, C. E., Jr., R. S. Cowan, and G. Buchheim

1963. Botanical Nomenclature, Punched Cards, and Machines. Taxon, 12:2–12.

[1] This is No. 70 in the Flora North America Report series.