SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY • NUMBER 12

An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register

Stanwyn G. Shetler

with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

ABSTRACT

Shetler, Stanwyn G., with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators. An Introduc tion to the Botanical Type Specimen Register. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 12, 186 pages, 3 figures, frontispiece, 1973.—In the first part, the development of a computer-based system for storing and retrieving information about botanical type specimens is described from its pilot stage to its present operational stage. The concept, purpose, and scope are explained, and the operational procedures are outlined. Ways of using and contributing to this computerized register of types, both in the short-run and in the long-run, are proposed. A statistical summary of the content of the Type Register as of 30 September 1972 is given. Over 13,000 specimens representing more than 10,000 taxa have been registered. The second part consists of a Catalog of more than’ 1,000 specimens representing over 600 taxa of the genus Carex (Cyperaceae), which are deposited in ten major American herbaria, and the Catalog is cross-indexed five different ways: by author, publication date, collector, country, and herbarium. An introduction summarizes the preparation and editing of the Catalog. This Carex Catalog represents the first published installment of the Type Register and as such is intended to serve as an example.

COLLABORATORS

Listed here by institution are the persons who have collaborated in the compiling of data from their respective herbaria for the Carex Catalog:

California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118; Stanford University (Dudley Herbarium), Stanford, California 94305; University of California (Herbarium), Berkeley, California 94720

Dr. John H. Thomas, Associate Professor of Biological Sciences and Curator of Dudley Herbarium (Stanford), Curator of Botany (Academy), and compiler of data at Berkeley; assisted by Dr. Margaret Sharp

Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Road at Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605

Dr. William C. Burger, Associate Curator of Vascular Plants; assisted by Mr. Ronald L. Liesner

Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Dr. Richard A. Howard, Director, Arnold Arboretum; Dr. Reed C. Rollins, Asa Gray Professor of Systematic Botany and Director of the Gray Herbarium

Missouri Botanical Garden, 2315 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

Dr. Walter H. Lewis, Senior Botanist, Professor of Biology (Washington University); assisted by Dr. Raymond F. Altevogt

New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York 10458

Dr. Howard S. Irwin, Director; Dr. Patricia Kern Holmgren, Associate Curator and Herbarium Administrator; Dr. Noel H. Holmgren, Associate Curator

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560

Dr. Mason E. Hale, Curator of Cryptogams; Dr. Dan H. Nicolson, Associate Curator of Phanerogams

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 4783. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold and Zuccarini.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Shetler, Stanwyn G.

An introduction to the botanical type specimen register.

(Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.)

Bibliography: p.

1. Information storage and retrieval systems—Botany—Type specimens. 2. Carex. I. Title. II. Title: Botanical type specimen register. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.

QK1.S2747 no. 12 [Z699.5.B6] 581’.08s[579] 72-11706

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $2.85 domestic postpaid or $2.50 GPO Bookstore

Foreword

It always has been the policy of the United States National Herbarium to make its collections as easily available as possible. We have welcomed visitors and loaned specimens on request since the founding of our herbarium. Now, in an effort to make our collections even more accessible, we have undertaken a new project to compile a computerized catalog of our type collection of approximately 65,000 specimens. Eventually, we hope to broaden this catalog, which we are calling the “Botanical Type Specimen Register,” to include the type collections of many other institutions so that it will serve as a union listing of types. Already we have enlisted the cooperation of other institutions, and the computer file presently includes records from more than a score of herbaria.

The United States National Herbarium, a worldwide collection of plants now totaling some 3 million specimens, is administered by the Smithsonian Institution’s Department of Botany, a unit of the National Museum of Natural History. The Department of Botany has played a pioneering role in the development of the Museum’s active program in data processing. The Type Register is the Museum’s first operational effort in cooperative, multi-institutional (network) data banking and, as such, is of special interest. If this approach to common data banking proves successful, it will point the way for many cooperative efforts in other branches of natural history.

Although the Type Register is still very much in its infancy, we are zealous to demonstrate its potential to the botanical community with a tangible product so that we can receive advice and counsel from the community on the basis of concrete results while the data bank is still small and susceptible to modification. This publication should prove useful in itself as a catalog of type specimens of Carex, particularly to specialists on the family Cyperaceae. The larger purpose, however, in issuing a preliminary catalog of limited scope at this time is to demonstrate the concept of the Type Register in concrete terms and thereby to solicit the collaboration of all plant systematists in molding the Register into an effective, scholarly tool for future generations of the profession.

The computer file presently registers over 13,500 type specimens, representing some 10,500 vascular plant taxa. Thus the Carex Catalog, with its 1,000 specimens and 600 taxa, is a printout of less than 10 percent of the current, rapidly growing file. Less formal and less expensive means of putting out the information will be tried with future installments, and it may become desirable or necessary at some point to begin publishing in microform. Perhaps the most common and economical mode of disseminating the accumulated information will be to provide computer printouts to individual users in response to queries for up-to-the-minute reports on specific taxonomic groups. Once the data bank is well established query service can be provided to any user for a modest fee.

We welcome your reaction to the concept of the Botanical Type Specimen Register on the basis of this sample. Only with the backing of the botanical community can we continue to get the necessary financial support to carry on the work.

EDWARD S. AYENSU, Chairman

Department of Botany

30 September 1972

Contents

Foreword

THE BOTANICAL TYPE SPECIMEN REGISTER

Stanwyn G. Shetler

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Concept and Purpose of Type Register

Scope of Register

Procedures and Standards

Source of Data

Instructions for Contributors

Record Format and Content

Level 1—Taxon Data

Family

Genus and Genus Synonym

Species

Infraspecific Taxon

Author

Title

Level 2—Collection Data

Collector (s)

Collection Number

Collection Date (s)

Geographic Data Fields

Level 3—Specimen Data

Herbarium Abbreviation

Herbarium Sheet Number

Kind of Type

Data Source Code

Processing System

Paper Tape System

On-Line System

Optical Scanning System

Magnetic Tape System

Computer Processing System

Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents

Use of Type Register

A CATALOG OF THE GENUS Carex (CYPERACEAE)

Stanwyn G. Shetler (Editor) ; Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse (Assistant Editors) ; Thomas E. Kopfler (Programmer) ; and Collaborators

Contributing Institutions

Data-Collection Procedure

Editorial Process

Milestone Events

Use of Carex Catalog Carex Catalog

Errata

Statistical Summary of Catalog

Catalog of Specimens

Author Index

Publication-Date Index

Collector Index

Geographic Index

Herbarium Index

Bibliography

An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register¹

Stanwyn G. Shetler, with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

The Botanical Type Specimen Register

STANWYN G. SHETLER

Stanwyn G. Shetler, Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560; same address: Mary Jane Petrini; Constance Graham Carley (née Graham) (present address: 215 Collier Rd., Atlanta, Georgia 30309) ; M. J. Harvey (present address: Department of Biology, Dal-housie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia) ; Larry E. Morse (present address: Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138) ; Thomas E. Kopfler.

Introduction

The Botanical Type Specimen Register is a computer-based system for recording information about type specimens of plant species and infraspecific taxa, which is designed to become a union registry of type holdings in the world’s herbaria. It introduces a new dimension to the management of herbarium collections. Through the use of advanced information processing methods, critical data are compiled from the herbarium and library and merged into a common, machine-searchable file from which catalogs can be printed or special queries, defined by complex selection criteria, can be answered rapidly on demand. As a result, future taxonomic investigators will be able to learn the whereabouts of type specimens of particular concern to them and obtain answers to certain basic questions without painstaking research or time-consuming travel or correspondence.

The Type Register was conceived by Mason E. Hale, who organized a pilot project in 1968 while he was chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany. This was one of several projects that Hale initiated as chairman to introduce electronic data processing (EDP) to collection management in the United States National Herbarium. (For a description of his automated system for recording specimen exchanges, see Hale and Creighton, 1970; the pilot Type Register project is described in Shetler et al., 1971.) At the outset, the author and Flora North America (FNA) personnel assisted in the development of the pilot system, and the project, though separate, has continued until the present to be associated closely with the FNA program (Shetler and Meadow, 1971). After launching the pilot effort, Hale, while continuing his involvement on an advisory level, passed the supervisory responsibility to the author, who continues to direct the work.

The project was initiated with special funds. In fiscal year 1969 and 1970, limited allocations of regular funds of the National Museum of Natural History were made through the Department of Botany, but regular budgeting did not begin until FY–71 (1 July 1970–30 June 1971) when the Museum organized a new, Museum-wide program in data processing and incorporated the Type Register as one of the charter projects. These projects are controlled by the respective departments, but the overall program is coordinated and managed by James F. Mello, Assistant Director.

The response to the several requests for participation during the pilot phase was excellent, showing general interest among botanists and convincing Hale and others at the Smithsonian of the potential value of a type-specimen register and of the botanical community’s willingness to collaborate to the fullest extent possible in creating a register along the lines conceived. From the preliminary experiments much was learned about the logistical problems and the costs and manpower requirements of network data banking. The Smithsonian necessarily is concentrating present operations on its own type collections of about 65,000 specimens. The system is designed, however, to accept data from any institution at any time, and as long as the inflow remains on a small scale, data from other institutions can be added to the central file by the present staff more or less as they are received. It is hoped that as interest in collaboration grows support commensurate to the interest will be forthcoming both for the central operation and for participating institutions.

The second part of this paper represents the first published installment of the Type Register. It is a provisional union catalog of the type specimens of the genus Carex on deposit in ten major American herbaria (see “Contributing Institutions”) and a concrete example of cooperative data banking.

In FY–72, the year that ended on 30 June 1972, the Type Register project finally was put on a solid footing. Midway through this year it was possible for the first time in the four-year history of the project to staff adequately by employing three full-time persons (two assistant editors and a data conversion operator) and also to have adequate funds to process regularly. Prior to January 1970, the pilot project was carried on intermittently as funds were available by one to three part-time employees, and from January 1970 to December 1971 the project advanced on a more or less continuous, operational basis with the assistance of one, two, and occasionally three full-time persons, the number depending again on available money. During the pilot effort, the computer analysis, programming, and file processing were done on a part-time basis, as needed, by personnel of the Smithsonian Information Systems Division, and since the project has become operational this work has been performed on a similar basis by FNA personnel so as to keep the Type Register system compatible with the FNA system.

From the beginning Hale planned for the inclusion of data from an indefinite and constantly growing number of other institutions and actively sought such collaboration. In one test of the feasibility of multi-institutional input, he distributed a computer-printed set of 52 cards, representing a card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the genus Mimulus (Scrophu-lariaceae), to each of 50 large herbaria in the United States and abroad and solicited their cooperation in providing similar data from their own type collections, if any, of Mimulus. A second major test involved sending a computer-printed card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae) to the University of California, Los Angeles, where Carl Epling’s extensive type collections in this family are deposited, and later to the Missouri Botanical Garden and the New York Botanical Garden. All three institutions cooperated in providing data from their own collections of types in this family. The latter two institutions continued thereafter to collaborate as much as possible on other taxonomic groups, and, apart from the Smithsonian itself, they have been the institutions with the greatest involvement in the Type Register project.

Certainly, no claim to completeness can be made for a catalog that concerns a single genus and only one percent (10/1000) of the world’s public institutional herbaria (Shetler, 1969). “Usefulness” is the pragmatic criterion for compilation and publication of the Type Register, however, and usefulness is dependent on critical mass, not absolute coverage. Clearly it is unrealistic to think that the Type Register could ever achieve absolute completeness, registering all type specimens for all published taxa in all of the world’s herbaria, and the Register has not been conceived on this false premise. The Register is being created on the assumption that some information is better than no information and that a catalog of ten type collections is more useful than a catalog of one type collection. Although it must be admitted that the coverage is very uneven among the ten herbaria contributing to the Carex Catalog, for example, nevertheless this Catalog tells us more than we have ever known before about the Carex type collections of the participating institutions and provides a solid framework to which new information can be added as it becomes available from these or any other institutions.

The concept of a type register is not new. Already in the mid-1980s, A. S. Hitchcock of the Smithsonian Institution, in his capacity as chairman of the Committee on Nomenclature of the Botanical Society of America, coordinated the compilation of information on the location of type specimens. Lists of authors of new names, indicating the major group (s) of plants they described (e.g., phanerogams) and the herbaria where they deposited their types, were compiled (Hitchcock et al., 1934, 1935). Other members of the Committee in 1934 were L. R. Abrams, J. C. Arthur, A. W. Evans, J. M. Greenman, M. A. Howe, E. D. Merrill, F. W. Pennell, and C. L. Shear. “The Committee is not attempting to decide what specimens are types nor to determine the identity of types,” Hitchcock wrote in 1934; “it is attempting only to aid botanists in their search for types.” His words can only be reiterated in the present context. Other recent efforts to catalog types have been made in connection with specimen-data retrieval projects in the herbarium or museum (e.g., Beschel and Soper, 1970; Collier, 1971; Crovello, 1972).

Information processing technology has advanced far since the days of the first applications in biology, when the limitations of the computer led to some unfortunate consequences, as thoughtfully analyzed, for example, in reviews by Wood et al. (1963) and Rollins (1966) of some early applications in plant taxonomy. We make no pretense of having avoided all the pitfalls cataloged by these reviewers, but we have tried to make good use of their advice. If we have learned anything so far, we have learned that no one can design the perfect system on the first trial. Every operational system is at the same time a pilot system for an even more advanced and refined, next-generation system.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—Without the inspiration and genius of Mason E. Hale the Type Register would not exist. While chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany (1967–69), he had not only the foresight to inaugurate this computer application but also the fortitude to persist with administrative support for it when others did not always share his vision nor his optimism for its potential value. The continuing support of Richard S. Cowan, former Director, National Museum of Natural History, and of Hale’s successor as chairman, Edward S. Ayensu, have been crucial in puting the project on a stable footing. The Assistant Director, James F. Mello, and his assistant, David Bridge, deserve much credit for laying the budgetary groundwork that has brought the project to its present viable and relatively healthy state, and for facilitating its administration. From his vantage point as overseer of all EDP projects in the National Museum of Natural History, including the Type Register, Mello has provided stimulating and wise counsel, as well as constant encouragement and help.

Many curators have contributed in some way to the development of the Type Register thus far, especially in the course of the multi-institutional data-collecting experiment with Mimulus, conducted by Hale, and their cooperation is hereby gratefully acknowledged. Those curators and their assistants who participated directly in the compilation of data for the Carex Catalog are listed earlier as “Collaborators.” Among them, Hale, Irwin, Lewis, and Nicolson have taken a dedicated personal interest in the success of the Type Register from the beginning and have in effect constituted a standing advisory editorial board. In their respective institutions, they have played a role in all of the data compilation that has been done for the Register thus far, regardless of the taxonomic group. As a Smithsonian colleague, Nicolson has been a steadfast supporter of the project, showing deep interest in the work itself and sharing his time and seemingly inexhaustible nomenclatural knowledge willingly and unselfishly whenever there has been need, which often has been daily. John H. Thomas raised enthusiasm for the Type Register to a new level when, as a result of his collaboration on the Carex Catalog, he began to ask specialists borrowing from the collections he curates to compile data for the Register from type specimens loaned to them and to affix an annotation label of his own design to each, which reads, “The written information on this specimen has been abstractedfor the TYPE REGISTER PROJECT by ________ __________________________ on___________.”

With respect to the editorship of the Carex Catalog, Carley, who served the FNA program and the Type Register project from December 1969 to April 1971, and Petrini, who is the senior technical editor of the Type Register project, assisted Shetler with the day-to-day technical editing. Harvey and Morse assisted him with the botanical editing during the year that each spent working at the Smithsonian on the FNA program—1969–70 and 1971–72, respectively. Harvey provided botanical supervision of the data-capture operation during the initial input of Carex records from the Missouri Botanical Garden, New York Botanical Garden, and the U.S. National Herbarium. He directed the two-week, on-site input effort at the New York Botanical Garden in June 1970, which involved other genera besides Carex. Cynthia N. Ostroff of the Index Nominum Genericorum project assisted part-time at the Smithsonian in the technical editing of the Carex data from Harvard University. Marilyn Andraeson helped with the data compilation at the Missouri Botanical Garden, while similar assistance was rendered by Zella Ellshoff, Robert Helliwig, and Gail Johnson at the New York Botanical Garden.

At least part of the Carex Catalog was examined in near final form by Frederick J. Hermann of the U.S. Forest Service Herbarium at Fort Collins, Colorado, and Tetsuo Koyama of the New York Botanical Garden, specialists on Carex and the family Cyperaceae, respectively. Although both provided helpful comments, they should not be held responsible in any way for the final Catalog, because neither was able to devote the enormous amount of time that would have been required to check the file authoritatively. This responsibility rests with the editors and collaborators.

Several specialists at the New York Botanical Garden have provided data to the Type Register for groups other than Carex: Caroline Allen (Lau-raceae: a few records of selected taxa), Patricia Kern Holmgren (Brassicaceae: Draba, Thlaspi), Tetsuo Koyama (Cyperaceae: a few records of selected taxa), John T. Mickel (Schizaeaceae: Anemia subgenus Coptophyllum and segregate genera), and Ghillean T. Prance (Chrysobalanceae, Dichapetalaceae). (See also “Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents.”) Holmgren has been the one chiefly responsible for coordination at the working level of the New York Botanical Garden’s collaboration in the Type Register project. Mildred E. Mathias, Director, Botanical Gardens-Herbarium, supervised the compilation of data on types of the family Lamiaceae at the University of California, Los Angeles, early in the project. Bruce MacBryde assisted in the compilation of the data for this family and for the genus Mimulus at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Other botanists who deserve mention for playing a part in the project at the Smithsonian are Amy Jean Gilmartin, Monterey Peninsula College, Monterey, California, and Miloslav Kovanda, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, who spent the years 1969–70 and 1970–71, respectively, with the FNA program.

The FNA Editorial Committee (John H. Beaman, Walter H. Lewis, John McNeill, John T. Mickel, Peter H. Raven, Stanwyn G. Shetler, Roy L. Taylor, John H. Thomas) has taken a deep interest in the Type Register project from the outset and provided financial and material support through the FNA program, as well as invaluable advice and encouragement. A report on progress has been given at every meeting of the Committee since the Register was organized, and much time has been devoted to evaluation of the present and future development of the Register.

The pilot processing system was designed by Reginald Creighton, Manager of Information Storage and Indexing, and programmed by Willard Handley, both of the Smithsonian’s Information Systems Division. Creighton worked closely with Hale to develop the pilot system, which served the original purposes well, and the Type Register would not exist if it had not been for Creighton’s pioneering insight and dedication. When the project became more closely associated with the FNA systems effort, Harriet R. Meadow, Systems Development Manager of FNA, designed the present operational system in its general outlines. Kopfler has been responsible for the detailed design and

FIGURE 1.—Stages in the preparation of records for the Type Register: a, Constance Carley checks nomenclatural data in the Gray Herbarium Card Index; b, Mary Jane Petrini enters corrections into the computer via a remote typewriter terminal connected by telephone (photos a and b by Walter G. Peter III); c, type specimens of the genus Viola (Violaceae) are examined and discussed with respect to the problems of recording them in the Type Register by (left to right) M. J. Harvey, John T. Mickel, and Harriet R. Meadow in the herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden (photo by New York Botanical Garden) .

programming and for the maintenance and querying of the machine files. Morse wrote the COBOL program for concatenating the data into the paragraph form used in the Carex Catalog. Meadow’s analysis and design resolved some basic unforeseen problems that arose after using the pilot system for a time, and her efforts resulted in the operational system that continues to serve very well. She has played a crucial role in the success of the project and continues to provide advice and guidance on matters of systems development. Several botanists who also have experience with computer applications have provided valuable advice from time to time: Theodore J. Crovello, University of Notre Dame; David J. Rogers, University of Colorado; and James H. Soper, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa.

Technical help in editing and capturing data has been given by the following persons, listed in the order in which they were hired, some as employees of FNA and others as employees of the Type Register project: John Bolduc, Nancy Howard, Barbara Bryant, Grace Rickard, Edna Montford, Mary Beth Moore, Barbara Halter, Gudrun Christenson, and Rita Abessinio. Julia E. Taylor and Liliosa Mangosing Evangelista have been cheerfully indispensable in discharging the myriad clerical and administrative tasks without which a project of this nature could never succeed.

In addition to receiving regular budgetary support on an increasing scale from the Smithsonian Institution, the Type Register project has been funded in part by the National Science Foundation through grants made to the American Institute of Biological Sciences (GB–8441, GN–812, GB–26173) and to the Smithsonian Institution (GB–31715 and contract C–720) for the FNA program, the Smithsonian Research Foundation (grants Sg0621054, Sg0621054/Cl and Sg0621054/C2), and the Smithsonian Office of Systematics.

Concept and Purpose of Type Register

Perhaps 200 million specimens are on deposit in the more than one thousand public herbaria in the world, and scattered among these vast collections may be as many as 4 million type specimens (Shetler, 1969; Shetler et al., 1971). North American herbaria alone probably contain more than a halfmillion types. Likewise the original publications describing new plant taxa and establishing their types are myriad and scattered through the world’s literature. The taxonomist who wishes to make a scholarly study of a group of species, including an investigation of their typification, faces the formidable task of locating the relevant original descriptions and type specimens. Fortunately for him, two standard indices, Index Kewensis (Rouleau, 1970; Meikle, 1971) and the Gray Herbarium (Card) Index (Shaw, 1971), and various standard library catalogs and union listings are readily available to guide him to the pertinent literature. No similar indices exist, however, to guide the taxonomist to the pertinent type specimens. To find types he first must search the original literature case by case for indications or clues and then, through travel or correspondence, continue his search in herbaria among the specimens themselves. Even with the original descriptions in hand the specialist often faces great difficulties in trying to determine where the types are deposited. The modern literature still shows an astonishing lack of standardization in the way types are designated and their herbarium deposition indicated.

What the taxonomist needs, therefore, is a finder’s guide to the type holdings of at least the world’s major herbaria. This guide should be indexed primarily by taxon but also cross-indexed several ways, and it should include citations of the original publications and basic collection data as provided by the specimen label and/or published description. Such an index ultimately would incorporate and enhance the functions of Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index. This type of registry could become effective at once for newly published taxa if taxonomists would agree to require registration of all new taxa and type depositions at the time of publication as a condition for effective publication. Furthermore, the registry, if computerized, would be the logical central repository for specialists’ annotations on typification, especially with respect to lectotypification and neotypification. Plant taxonomy desperately needs an effective central place and straight-forward procedure for registering lectotypes, neotypes, and specialists’ conclusions about other kinds of types.

The Botanical Type Specimen Register, as conceived, therefore, is to serve primarily as a finder’s guide for locating type specimens. The secondary function, however, is to serve as a guide to the original descriptions of the registered taxa and to provide collection data for the registered specimens. The specimen information necessarily is organized by taxonomic name. Thus the file is not purely a specimen register; the data are organized so as to constitute a three-level hierarchy: taxon, collection, specimen. A full entry (record) in the Register is, therefore, a synthesis of data from the herbarium and the library which cannot be completed without examining the original specimen and the original publication, as well as other specimens and publications as necessary. A record can be initiated with data from either the herbarium or the library and supplemented later by data from the other. To a degree this happens naturally as other institutions contribute to the initial record, but in any event years may elapse before all records of a given taxonomic group can be brought to relative completeness.

The development of the Type Register ultimately involves three stages: registration, verification, and validation.

The immediate objective is to initiate the computerized working file without getting bogged down in time-consuming researches to resolve challenges of the validity of the data. Such scholarly research is the province of specialists who may need years to resolve particularly difficult nomenclatural and typification questions, and the preparation of the kind of index envisaged here could never be accomplished if all questions had to be answered first and the compiled data had to be “perfect.” In the first stage, therefore, the primary goal is to record or register the facts more or less at face value as they are given by the available primary and/or secondary sources. Research and editing are kept to a minimum except where obvious discrepancies can be resolved without extensive investigation. The editing is restricted largely to formatting the data according to the technical standards of the processing system, and to standardizing the use of names, titles, and terms in key fields.

The second stage is to verify all data by firsthand examination of the pertinent specimens and original publications. When the data are compiled in the first place from the original sources expressly for the Type Register, vérification is accomplished in the process of preparing the data for registration, and the two steps merge into a single operation. When a secondary source such as an existing card file or published index is used, however, there is a need to verify the information subsequently by checking the specimens and original descriptions. Two examples will illustrate. (1) Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index constitute indispensable secondary sources of references to original publications, but the original publications themselves must be examined in order to verify both the existence of the descriptions and the accuracy of the citations. (2) Present-day revisions and monographs customarily indicate where the key type specimens are deposited, but this information is not considered verified, for purposes of the Register, until the specimens have been seen in the process of compiling the data for the Register, because the data must be verified in the context of the specific requirements of the Register. This is a critical point.

It should be emphasized here that a taxonomic revision or monograph, no matter how carefully and authoritatively executed, constitutes a secondary source of information for all taxa treated except those being described to science for the first time. In fact, as synthetic w’orks, these treatises often present only the barest details on type specimens, especially for previously described but even for newly described taxa, and the author’s own nomenclatural interpretations frequently are not clearly distinguished from the original data. It is not unusual, for example, to discover in the process of verifying a record in the Type Register that the author of a revision or monograph, in identifying what he believed to be the holotype, unwittingly designated a lectotype or even a neotype by strict application of the international rules of botanical nomenclature. Therefore, except as a reference to the original sources, for which it is of course invaluable, the monographic treatise has proved to be a disappointing starting point for compiling the Type Register; it seldom provides all necessary data and often presents summaries of the original facts which are telegraphic to the point of being imprecise or even inaccurate. On the other hand, the monographic treatise is indispensable in the third or validation stage, because it deals in a systematic way with the typification of the taxa covered and establishes authoritative precedents that must be considered in the interpretation of the information in the Type Register. Furthermore, short of having all the original references and specimens in hand, the monograph, which brings together all the data for a taxonomic group into one place, is by far the best single source of data for the given group.

Verification is not a simple procedure that can be accomplished once for all time but an involved, virtually never-ending process, which seems to expand in direct proportion to the number of specimens and publications examined. Comparison of the original description with data from one or more specimens rarely can be made without uncovering at least minor discrepancies that must be reconciled. As types from additional herbaria are registered it often becomes necessary to reexamine the original publication and secondary references again and again to resolve new discrepancies, and such discrepancies frequently multiply faster than they can be resolved as publication after publication is consulted. Gazetteers, atlases, biographies and biographical dictionaries, persona] fieldnotes and letters, and even new correspondence with current specialists, in addition to the obvious taxonomic treatises and reference w^orks, may be employed eventually in the course of trying to verify the data of an entry in the Register.

Apart from the facts themselves is the matter of interpretation and judgment. The compilation of any highly condensed, formatted, and standardized file of data such as the Type Register is bound to involve much interpretation of fact and judgment of what to include and what to exclude. The computer imposes the additional problem of judging how best to format and standardize the data for search and retrieval. As new data are provided or brought to light, there is a constant need to reevaluate prior interpretations and judgments, and this in turn may require reexamination of previously consulted literature and specimens. The problem is one not only of accuracy and completeness within a given record but also of consistency among records. How the geographic information is standardized in the record for Taxon A, for example, has a direct bearing on how the geographic information is standardized for Taxon B, and decisions made for the first case without knowledge of special problems to be faced in the second case may have to be reevaluated and changed when the two records are considered together. In short, there is no a priori way to set standards for all time.

The long-term goal of the third and ultimate stage in the development of the Type Register is to validate the data according to the rules of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN; Stafleu et al., 1972) and thereby to establish the Register as a wholly reliable, authoritative index of types of plant species and infraspecific taxa. Validation involves typification, specifically the designation of kind or status of type, and such matters as rank, priority, synonymy and homonymy, authorship, and orthography. Up to a point, the records can be validated by any botanist or technical person skilled in the strict application of the provisions of the ICBN, because many of the problems are purely technical or legal. Indeed, experience with the Type Register has proved that a trained technical editor frequently makes decisions more consistent with the ICBN than the specialist, at least insofar as the objectives of the Register are concerned. Such technical validation, while it greatly increases the reliability of the data, nevertheless is without the force of authority that can be gained only through the sanction of the taxonomic authorities themselves. As in all taxonomic research, many of the questions that arise regarding typification have no absolute answer but require good judgment by an experienced specialist on the basis of all available evidence, and no amount of technical expertise could suffice. This type of authoritative validation is needed in the long run if the Type Register is ever to take its place as an indispensable and thoroughly accepted tool of plant systematists, and it is hoped that the specialists will cooperate in validating the information in the Register as it becomes available group by group in preliminary form. In the short run, however, the most that can be achieved is some degree of technical validation. The important point to stress here is the dynamic state of the file which can be updated at any time to accord with current knowledge and understanding.

Like verification, validation is a continuous process that never really ends, because the light of new information often requires important reevaluations and appropriate changing of the computer file. At the same time, a basic threshold can be achieved. A record is considered verified at least on an initial basis once the original description and all registered specimens have been seen in person by someone compiling and editing data expressly for the TRegister. Likewise a record is considered validated at least initially once the designation of types has been worked out in accordance with the ICBN expressly within the framework of Type Register specifications and format. These thresholds must be attained before the second and third stages of development can be said to have been achieved on a minimal basis. Authoritative validation as described above, on the other hand, will require the input of many specialists in the years to come and is a very long-term proposition.

The three stages of development may be summarized as follows:

Stage 1. Registration.—Creation of the initial file, which involves basic standardization of citation and geographical fields.

Stage 2. Verification.—Editing file against primary sources in the light of the accumulated data.

Stage 3. Validation.—Shaping the Register as an authoritative tool on typification, fully in accordance with the ICBN, by getting input from specialists and by incorporating information on lectotypification and neotypification, as well as other critical annotations.

In practice, registration, verification, and validation certainly are not sharply delimited phases and often merge into each other as a single process. Once the original description and specimens are in hand one attempts to accomplish as much of the entire three-stage process as possible. Verification and validation, in particular, tend to overlap; it is in fact impossible to accomplish the one without to a degree accomplishing the other. From the point of view of the daily operation, however, registration, verification, and validation represent distinct working stages in the creation of the computer data base, involving different procedures and personnel. Editorially, each stage results in a more refined, reliable, and authoritative data base. In the first stage, the data can be compiled and registered entirely from secondary sources, if necessary, although this is not recommended, but neither verification nor validation can be accomplished without consulting the original sources. Regarding the operational distinction between verification and validation, it should be realized that a technical person may be quite competent to verify the accuracy of the data but not to validate the type designations even with the original sources in hand. Ordinarily, technical editors are responsible for verification, and only when professional botanists or other specialists skilled in the application of the ICBN perform this function is it possible to perform the validation function at the same time.

The present computer file of some 13,000 specimen entries, constituting the entire Type Register, is a registry of largely unverified and unvalidated records of apparent or presumptive types, and for the next several years, at least, effort will continue to be concentrated on the rapid compilation and input of similar preliminary data from many other taxonomic groups and institutions, starting with the Smithsonian’s own type collection. The strategy is to register the greatest number of taxa and specimens in the shortest possible time so as to achieve quickly a critical mass of data for producing catalogs and answering queries. Clearly the usefulness of such a data base will be directly proportional to its taxonomic and institutional comprehensiveness. Unless efforts to verify and validate the data are kept to an essential minimum as new records are being processed, there is little chance that a comprehensive data base can be created in the foreseeable future. The manpower and resources simply are not available at present for the massive searches in the herbarium and library that would be required to bring every new record to the Stage 2 or Stage 3 level of refinement as it is being entered into the file. To a large extent, therefore, the Stage 1 Type Register will have to be verified and validated through use, through feedback from the specialists who discover its shortcomings in the course of their research.

Under no circumstances is the Type Register being used or is it intended to be used as a place to designate lectotypes and neotypes and thereby to set nomenclatural precedents. If the Register is ever to be used in this manner, which as indicated earlier may prove desirable eventually, the taxonomic fraternity will have to make a conscious decision to do so.

When the scope of the task is considered, it is not surprising that no one has attempted to compile a union catalog of type specimens before now. The task can be cut down to size, however, because relatively few of the world’s public herbaria are large enough to have a significant concentration of type specimens. Only about a score of the world’s herbaria, for example, contain over two million specimens each, and a published index, including literature citations, to any one of these collections would be enormously useful in itself. Each new institution to be added to such a base would enhance the catalog greatly and move it one step closer to the goal of a worldwide union registry.

The U. S. National Herbarium is one of the score of major herbaria with more than two million specimens, and its type collection of 65,000 or more specimens certainly constitutes a significant initial data base. Furthermore, not only is this type collection separate from the main herbarium and easily accessible, but it also has an associated file of cards on which are recorded pertinent data from the original publication (see “Source of Data”). Without this large, ready-made card file and without computer technology, which permits the creation of a union register on a much more flexible and dynamic basis than would otherwise be possible, the Type Register doubtlessly would never have been conceived or started. The Botanical Type Specimen Register is in the first instance, therefore, an index (catalog, register) of the U. S. National Herbarium’s own type collections. The thousands of man-hours that have gone into the creation and maintenance of the National Herbarium’s type collection and card file have paid off, of course, to the many who through the years have used the type herbarium on the Smithsonian premises. By computerizing this information the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany now makes it possible for taxonomists at large to benefit from the accumulated data and enormous manpower investment.

Scope of Register

The Register is designed to handle taxa typified by specimens, namely, taxa of the rank of species or below, and it encompasses all infraspecific taxonomic levels recognized by the ICBN. In the future, modifications in design may be desirable if not essential to accommodate cases in which the type is not a specimen but a description or a figure. For the present, however, the object is to register specimens, and for this reason data collection usually begins with the specimens and proceeds to the literature rather than the other way around. There are good reasons for arguing on the one hand that registration should proceed from the specimen to the taxon and on the other hand that the process should be reversed, proceeding from the taxon to the specimen. No doubt this publication will stimulate debate on these alternatives; meanwhile, it should be made clear that primarily the first approach is being taken.

With one exception, only the original names of newly described taxa, i.e., taxa being described to science for the first time, are included. The one exception is a wholly new name for a previously described taxon necessitated because all other possible names and combinations would violate the international rules. New combinations involving previously published epithets are excluded rigorously insofar as they are known to be combinations; in such cases, only the basionym is entered into the Register. In one sense, therefore, the Type Register is a basionym file. This approach has been taken because it is the only feasible way in the foreseeable future to create a stable file with fixed points of reference. Eventually, viewed in the longest terms, it will be necessary to link the Type Register to a much vaster name list that shows all possible synonymy connections among basionyms and combinations and thus makes it possible to trace the nomenclatural history of a particular species, for example, from modern usage back to original usage. This is far too much to expect of the Type Register in itself, however, and for this reason the design of the Register allows for no synonymy except for orthographic variants. If a taxon originally was published under a generic or specific name with a spelling that later was corrected, then the original spelling is indicated in a special field, while the accepted spelling is shown in the main taxon field; for example, many species have been published in the genus Penstemon under the spelling “Pentstemon,” and this spelling is indicated in the orthographic synonym field, as necessary. Without this approach, the same genus would alphabetize in different parts of the file (e.g., Aplopappus vs. Haplopappus).

Only validly published names are included, but the names need not be legitimate, as defined by the ICBN (see also McVaugh et al., 1968).

Taxonomically and geographically, the Register is limited only by the availability of data and operational resources. The present machine file includes only vascular plants and primarily flowering plants, but it could be expanded at any time to include cryptogamic groups if the data and the resources to input the data, especially personnel, were available. The geographic scope already is worldwide because the initial source of most records, the U.S. National Herbarium’s type collecion, is worldwide in scope although particularly strong in New World areas. The input is further biased geographically at present by the fact that the other herbaria which have cooperated thus far on the Register also are North American institutions with principally New World collections (except Arnold Arboretum).

Inclusion of type photographs has been suggested several times, but so far this has not been done because they present special problems requiring careful study before the system can be modified to accommodate them. Whereas type specimens are unique and, even in the case of isotypes and syntypes, are distributed to a relatively limited set of herbaria among the total, type photographs are not unique, and in theory every herbarium can have a photograph of any type. The Register soon could be overloaded with references to photographs, and no purpose would be served. While there is a clear need, especially on the part of floristic workers who may be able to satisfy their requirements with photographs and thus avoid a massive borrowing of type specimens, for a central index of negatives on deposit at major centers from which type photographs could then be purchased, this problem calls for separate attention.

To an extent, the same reasoning applies to type fragments because many institutions potentially can have fragments of the same specimen. A type fragment has no standing in the ICBN unless it can be interpreted as a formal type of some kind (e.g., isotype), and most fragments cannot be dignified by such interpretation. In the modern era when travel and communication are easy, making the remotest corners of the earth accessible, the informational value of the type fragment in one’s own herbarium has diminished greatly because the type specimen itself can be borrowed or examined by personal visit. Thus only in the case of types that have been destroyed or of types that for political or other reasons are still inaccessible can importance be attached to a register of information on the whereabouts of type fragments. In other words, the taxonomist wants to know, “Where can I find a type specimen?” not “Where can I find a type fragment?” The latter question will interest him only if all efforts to see a type specimen fail or prove impractical. For these reasons, type fragments have been registered sparingly in the present file and only when the circumstances seem to warrant doing so.

Lectotypes and neotypes present a special problem that cannot be handled properly with the current system design. The system allows for only a single bibliographic citation, namely, the citation of the original publication where the taxon was first described and the name proposed. In cases of lectotypification or neotypification, however, it is necessary to cite also the second, later reference where the lectotype or neotype was designated. The problem has been largely ignored in this initial phase because lectotypification and neotypification cannot be documented properly without the direct participation of specialists. Identification of lectotypes and neotypes is part of the Stage 3 validation process described earlier, and by the time this level of documentation is possible the system will be modified to include a separate file, linked to the basic file, for recording lectotypes, neotypes, and other pertinent taxonomic or nomenclatural annotations. Such a file for “remarks” will provide a way of recording the names of authorities who have validated the data.

A word is necessary about the relationship of the Type Register project to the Index Nominum Genericorum (ING) project (Cowan, 1970). The object of ING is authoritative typification of all generic plant names. Thus it deals with genera, not species, except for type species, and it is not concerned with type specimens or collection data of any kind. Emphasis is placed on achieving at once, before input, the level of validation that the Type Register is expected to achieve only in the long run. The Register, which is not concerned with the typification of genera, and ING are complementary, therefore, and do not duplicate each other in any way (see also p. 16).

With respect to Flora North America, the closest links are maintained between it and the Type Register project on the one hand and ING on the other hand, to ensure that the work of each project will complement rather than duplicate the others.

Procedures and Standards

SOURCE OF DATA

The principal source of data at this stage is the permanent card file associated with the type collection of the U.S. National Herbarium (US). The card, records are converted into machine-readable form genus by genus in alphabetical order. During the pilot phase cards were pulled from the file by family (e.g., Scrophulariaceae), but this approach is impractical for the file as a whole, which is arranged alphabetically by genus. While that approach was being taken, the cards were being compared with the specimens in the type collection, which are arranged systematically (modified Englerian sequence), prior to input. Now that an alphabetical rather than systematic approach to the file is being taken the specimen-comparison step is being postponed until the whole file is in the computer and can be sorted systematically by family.

Curators of the U.S. National Herbarium have followed the practice of segregating type specimens from the general collection since the early part of the present century. The practice was first established about 1918 by then-curator Paul C. Standley. At the same time an associated card file was started to supplement the specimen data with information from the literature. The file includes a card for every taxon (species, subspecies, variety, form) represented in the type collection, and generally the responsible curator has had the original publication in hand while preparing the card and the standard folder for filing the type specimen (s). Each card includes the original taxonomic name (basionym in cases of later transfer), author, original reference, basic collecting data, and designation of kind of type. To re-create this file today from the specimens and the literature would require at least 10 and more likely 20–30 professional manyears, and there is no reason to suppose that the file could be re-created with any higher professional standards or greater degree of accuracy on the average than the first time. In short, it is scientifically sound as well as eminently practical to create the preliminary edition of the Type Register from the Smithsonian file as it stands.

Of the 65,000 specimens in the US type collection, about 55,000 are types of phanerogamic species and infraspecific taxa, and the other approximately 10,000 are types of cryptogamic taxa—ferns, mosses, and lichens.

Other institutions can contribute to the Type Register in any of a number of ways, as explained in the next section. Basically, there are two ways: (1) annotation of a printout listing records already registered in the machine file, and (2) submission of completed data forms or some equivalent procedure for new records not presently registered in the machine file. These are complementary procedures which must both be used. Institutions with ready-made card files like the Smithsonian’s are in the best position to contribute in a significant way quickly, and their contributions will spare the smaller herbaria from repeating costly bibliographic research that already has been done somewhere else. The cumulative Register provides a basis for checking rapidly for isotypes and other “duplicate” type material, leaving bibliographic research to be performed only for those cases where new taxa are to be added to the Register. In other words, to conserve effort maximum advantage should be taken of the existing file in the process of adding new data, especially bibliographic data, and of course the larger the machine file becomes the greater can be the economy of scholarship on the part of newly collaborating herbaria.

Monographs and the personal manuscripts or files of monographers are obvious sources of authoritative data for the Register and have been used in a few instances, although there are some distinct disadvantages in using the monograph as the starting point (see p. 7). Future monographers should register data routinely for type specimens of new taxa prior to, or simultaneously with, publication. Likewise, it is hoped that graduate students in plant taxonomy will be advised to submit data on type specimens examined by them in the course of their research.

For every specimen registered in the file, a code is appended at the end of the record which indicates the source of the data according to a broad classification of source categories, summarized later under “Data Source Code.”

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Any herbarium interested in contributing to the Register is advised to consult with the staff at the

FIGURE 2.—Standard Data Collection Form of Botanical Type Specimen Register.

Smithsonian well in advance of initiating a project so that a compatible way of compiling data can be devised before the first record is collected. At present the Type Register staff has its hands full with the internal Smithsonian file but will do its best to cooperate with other potential contributors to set up procedures for submitting data. The most efficient way of collaborating under present circumstances is to submit the records on the standard data form (Figure 2) to the Smithsonian for processing, but with adequate planning it will be possible for another institution to convert its own data into machine-readable form in-house before submitting the data to the Smithsonian and thereby to save time and effort in the overall process, at least where large herbaria are concerned. Complete records, i.e., with all essential data present, submitted by other institutions are placed in the queue and processed in due course as time permits. Incomplete records, particularly those without proper bibliographic citations, are set aside in an inactive file where, for lack of staff to complete them, they may remain indefinitely. Potential contributors should keep in mind, therefore, that any effort that falls short of providing complete records risks becoming a wasted effort.

A collaborating institution should always work from the current catalog in the Type Register, if one exists, of the genus or other taxonomic group concerned. The Carex Catalog, for example, provides a checklist of taxa already registered which can be used as a tool by any herbarium wishing to search its own collections for type specimens of this genus. Working catalogs for other registered groups can be provided at cost by the Smithsonian as they are needed. The purpose of this procedure is to reduce unnecessary effort on the part of both the compiler and the editor. In the system, all specimens pertaining to a given taxon are registered under a single entry, and thus there is one unit record per taxon. It is the editor’s responsibility to prevent duplications of the same taxa in the first place and in the second place to discover and delete the occasional duplication that inevitably creeps into a file of the size and complexity of the Type Register. Individual compilers can do much to assist the editor in preventing duplications, however, by keeping themselves informed, through working catalogs, of the current status of the file, and by using procedures that minimize the chances of submitting duplicate information for taxa already recorded.

The procedural details will differ from institution to institution, but these general guidelines should be followed, unless other special arrangements have been made beforehand:

(1) All new records—taxa new to the file—should be submitted on the standard data collection form (Figure 1) and according to the technical data specifications used by the Smithsonian. Be sure that the original name and not a later combination is being used.

(2) All additions to existing records—supplementary publication or collection data, and collections or specimens new to the file—should be submitted as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it belongs. Care should be taken to distinguish between specimens that belong to a collection already registered in the file and specimens that introduce a new collection but to an already registered taxon. Both constitute additions but on different levels. The latter situation arises frequently when syntypes are involved, but slight discrepancies in collection data can easily be overlooked by the compiler, leading him to the conclusion that the former situation obtains. If the collection data recorded in the Register are not identical or at least reconcilable with the collection data of the specimen in hand, then the discrepancy should be resolved appropriately or the specimen excluded. In annotating the catalog, it is important to be sure that the additions are clearly associated with the proper collection where two or more collections are registered.

(3) All proposed changes to existing information in the file should be submitted with documentation as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it pertains. Without documentation, proposed changes raise more questions than they answer and complicate the work of the editor.

The most common errors, experience has shown, are mistaking (1) a later combination for an originnal name, (2) the type specimen of a variety or form for the type of the species itself, and (3) a syntype (or isosyntype) for an isotype. The second of these mistakes often turns out to be the explanation for the situation in which the specimen appears to have been collected after the species was described, i.e., the collection date is later than the publication date. An undetected name transfer may lead to puzzling discrepancies or to unnoticed duplication. Frequently, for example, a type collection passing under an undetected later combination becomes the basis for introducing a new taxon to the file, while at the same time the collection already is properly registered under its basionym.

A final note should be added about the use of the Carex Catalog or any similar working catalog in herbaria where type specimens have never been identified and segregated into separate folders or a separate collection. By means of the collector index, it is possible for curators who wish to begin segregating types to use such a catalog as a means of identifying type specimens within their herbaria which belong to collections recorded in the Type Register.

RECORD FORMAT AND CONTENT

The data content of a unit record in the Register was established largely according to the conventions long used for the US card file. With the US card format as a standard, the data form shown in Figure 2 was devised for use by contributors at other institutions. This form shows what fields of data should be included, distinguishing between essential and nonessential fields and indicating certain of the basic standards. The fields tagged as “essential” constitute the minimum number of data elements which the processing system is designed either to require or expect. From the botanical-content point of view, however, none of the fields should be regarded as optional. Every effort should be made by the contributor to provide data for all fields. Contributors can obtain blank forms at cost from the Smithsonian or use facsimiles.

Before input to the system, all records are edited to conform with the field-by-field technical specifications that have been established to standardize content and format in the system. A copy of these specifications can be made available to collaborators on request, but most contributors will not want to be bothered with all of the technical details of the system. For purposes of contributing records, it is essential to know only the main conventions and standards that govern the content and format of the data fields. These basic standards are explained below by field, and contributors are strongly urged to follow them closely so that the work of the editor will be simplified. The rules of standardization have been applied more rigorously and consistently to the Carex Catalog than to any other part of the Register, and potential contributors are asked to study this Catalog carefully for specific examples of how standards have been applied to govern content, form, and style. Implicit in this Catalog are the answers to many specific questions about standardization which cannot be answered here. It should be kept in mind, however, that the typical edit format is different from the format of this published Catalog. In the typical format, the information is not strung together (concatenated) in paragraph form, but each field is labeled and printed by itself with room for annotations. Furthermore, certain fields of data (e.g., source code) have not been printed out in the Carex Catalog.

The reference works used most frequently in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register are cited in the bibliography. Some of these works have been adopted for editorial purposes as the standard references and authorities for verifying and standardizing new data during initial input. An “authority” (authority file) is an index, thesaurus, or dictionary of terms, names, or titles which is used to standardize some category of data, e.g., B-P-H (Lawrence et al., 1968) for titles of botanical periodicals. Published standards have been adopted as authorities whenever possible, but in some instances it has been necessary to begin creating authority files expressly for use in the Type Register project. A “standard reference” is an authoritative and reliable secondary source that provides the editor with a practical means of quickly verifying some category or categories of incoming data, e.g., a name index such as Index Kewensis or Willis’ Dictionary of Flowering Plants and Ferns (7th edition, revised by Airy Shaw, 1966). Verification in this editorial sense of double-checking in secondary sources is not to be confused with verification in the primary scholarly sense discussed earlier in connection with Stage 2 development of the Type Register (p. 7).

The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature is, of course, the final authority on all matters of typification and nomenclature. (The 1966 edition, prepared under the chief editorship of Lanjouw and Stafleu, has been used thus far, but the newer 1972 edition of Stafleu et al. is now available.) Of the essential desk-top references, the one most frequently consulted, perhaps, is the seventh edition of Willis’ Dictionary. Also invaluable as general reference works are Steam’s Botanical Latin (1966) and Stafleu’s Taxonomic Literature (1967). Though hardly desk-top references, Index Kewensis and the Gray Herbarium Index are indispensable, and the Type Register editorial staff is fortunate in having available to it an integrated version of the former and both the card and book forms of the latter. Insofar as possible, the same procedures and standards are being applied in both the Type Register project and the Flora North America program, so that the data bases will be compatible. Authority files developed especially for the one project are being used also for the other as appropriate.

The main editorial procedures that have been adopted to verify and standardize the ingoing data are summarized below field by field. Collaborators can do much to increase the reliability and standardization of their own data by using these same procedures in the process of compilation. The editorial burden is eased greatly when the editor knows in advance that the essential standards have been upheld consistently by the contributor.

Level 1—Taxon Data

The following fields of data are recorded only once each for every species or infraspecific taxon registered in the machine file because these data are unique for each taxon. Furthermore, the taxon is the unit record, and every taxon is entered into the file only once.

FAMILY.—The latest edition of Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (vol. 1: Melchior and Werder-mann, 1954; vol. 2: Melchior, 1964) is the authority for the system of families with the exception that the accepted family name with a regular ending is used in all cases, including the eight cases where the Syllabus, following the traditional practice sanctioned by the ICBN (see list of Nomina Familiarum Con servanda), uses irregular names. These irregular names with their adopted regular equivalents are: Compositae/ASTERACEAE, Cruciferae/BRASSICACEAE, Graminae/POACEAE, Guttife-rae/CLUSIACEAE, Labiatae/LAMIACEAE, Legu-minosae/FABACEAE, Palmae/ARECACEAE, Urn-belliferae/APIACEAE. The use of regular family names conforms with practice in the FNA program. Willis’ Dictionary is used in conjunction with the Syllabus to determine the family to which a genus belongs.

GENUS AND GENUS SYNONYM.—Index Nominum Gcnericorum, insofar as it is completed, is the final authority for generic names, to determine their accepted spelling and whether they are validly published. Willis’ Dictionary, which in any case is an indispensable authoritative handbook on these matters, is consulted for genera not yet covered by ING. Whenever the data are being compiled directly from the primary sources, the generic name is entered on the data form exactly as it was spelled in the original description of the particular species or other taxon in question. If for some reason this spelling is a variant of the currently accepted orthography of the name, then both spellings are entered into the machine file, the accepted spelling in the “Genus” field and the orthographic variant in the “Genus Synonym” field. In no case is more than one spelling permitted in the “Genus” field for the species and infraspecific taxa of any particular genus of plants.

SPECIES.—Attempt is made to record the specific epithet exactly as it was spelled originally, except where a minor change is required by the provisions of the ICBN governing orthography. (A two-word epithet, for example, is hyphenated to form a single word.) To verify the spelling given on the data form, the editor relies upon the Gray Herbarium Index and/or Index Kewensis insofar as possible, because to check the primary publications in all cases is impractical at this stage. These two indices, which overlap considerably in coverage, frequently provide a check on each other. Unless the taxon in question is by definition outside the limits of one of the two indices, the second index is checked routinely whenever the first does not confirm the spelling given on the data form. With respect to species regarded as being of hybrid origin, the standard practice of placing an “X” followed by a blank space before the epithet is followed.

INFRASPECIFIC TAXON.—An infraspecific taxon of any rank recognized by the ICBN can be accommodated in the Type Register by entering the infraspecific epithet and the appropriate rank designator in this field, e.g., VAR GRACILIS or SFM CRASSA. Infraspecific names are entered in the Register in the form of trinomial combinations with the appropriate rank designator, because this form is adequate for nomenclatural purposes; and quadrinomials create problems in the system. The Gray Herbarium Index is used to verify infraspecific epithets as to rank and spelling, but it covers only infraspecific taxa of the New World published during the past 100 years. For this reason, many of the infraspecific names must go unverified at this stage when extensive literature research is impractical. Following is a list of the infraspecific ranks and their standard abbreviations used in the Register:

Subspecies | SSP
Variety | VAR
Subvariety | SVR
form | FOR
subform | SFM
nothomorph | NM.

AUTHOR.—This field carries the full last name and all initials of each author of the binomial or trinomial name under which type specimens are being registered. Whether single or multiple authors, the last name is always placed before the initials. When the use of initials only is certain to lead to confusion, the full first name also is included, e.g., MACOUN, JOHN vs. MACOUN, JAMES M., not MACOUN, J. vs. MACOUN, J. M. The publishing author or the author of the work, if different from the author of the name, is always included in this field and separated from the author of the name by “IN” or “EX” in accordance with the rules and recommendations of the ICBN. No authority exists for author names, but an author authority file has been started for the Type Register on the basis of the Carex Catalog. Further, the FNA Author File is well underway, and it is planned that the two be compatible and that ultimately they be merged. Meanwhile, the standard references are Barnhart’s Biographical Notes Upon Botanists (1965) and Stafleu’s Taxonomic Literature (1967), but all available biographical references are consulted as necessary. (See also under “Collector[s].” Many specific problems are encountered in dealing with author names, but the details are beyond the scope of this introduction. Examples of specific solutions can be found in the Carex Catalog.

TITLE.—The title of the periodical, monograph, or book in which the name of the taxon in question was first validly published is recorded in this field. The title of the article in the periodical or of the chapter in the monograph or book is never included or given in lieu of the title of the periodical or work. In cases where a name was introduced into the literature before it was validly published, reference is made only to the place of valid publication. A name published first without description (nomen nudum), for example, often is later published validly with description. Nomina nuda are not included in the Type Register. All titles are abbreviated consistently. B-P-H is the authority for abbreviating titles of periodicals. For titles of monographs and books, the Type Register project is developing it own authority file, using the principles of abbreviation set forth in B-P-H, and, insofar as possible, taking advantage of the title abbreviation file developed by the ING project. An author’s or editor’s name is not included in this field unless it actually is part of the title; otherwise, it is included in the previous field as the publishing author or editor.

Level 2—Collection Data

Because there may be multiple type collections (e.g., syntypes) for any taxon, the collection data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. The following set of fields is recorded for each collection, insofar as the data exist and are available.

COLLECTOR(S).—The names of all collectors of the type collection being registered are recorded in this field exactly as author names are formatted in the “Author (s)” field. The name of a collecting expedition may be recorded here when individual collectors cannot be determined. The Type Register project is developing its own authority file for collectors, but meanwhile the following biographical indices, in addition to those already mentioned under the “Author (s)” field, are being used as standard references: “Index Herbariorum, Part II: Collectors” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1954, 1957; Chaudhri et al., 1972—completed for letters A to L); “Index to Principal Collections Represented in the U. S. National Herbarium” (compiled by U. S. National Herbarium staff for internal use, 1965).

COLLECTION NUMBER.—Ordinarily this will be the collector’s own number, but when there is no trustworthy means of determining his number, or if he had none, a serial collecting number assigned by an institution or expedition may be recorded instead. The field is regarded pragmatically as the place for a number, any number, that has been associated with the collection and which, when combined with the name (s) entered in the “ (Collector (s)” field, normally will form a unique reference to the collection. If a distinction can be made between the number of the collector and the number of his expedition or institution, then the name of the expedition or institution assigning the serial number should be placed in the “Collector (s)” field unless one or more collectors’ names already have been entered there; otherwise, this name should be prefixed to the collection number to make clear that the number is not the collector’s own. When there is absolute evidence that the collection never has been numbered in any series, then the abbreviation S.N. (sine numero), meaning “without number,” should be entered in this field. If on the other hand the number is merely unknown or there is doubt about the existence of a number, then dashes (- - -) should be entered in the field.

COLLECTION DATE(S).—Collection date is recorded just as accurately as it is known, and if necessary two dates or a range of dates are given. All dates, whether single or in ranges, take the form: 28 Sep 1928. On the data form, dashes should be entered to indicate that the collection date is unknown, and the abbreviation S.D. (sine dato) should be used to indicate that the collection is known to be without a collection date. In using the latter designation, the compiler should be absolutely certain that the collection is undatable; otherwise, he should use dashes (- - -).

GEOGRAPHIC DATA FIELDS.—Four geographic fields are used to pinpoint hierarchically the collecting locality: (1) country; (2) state, province, department, or equivalent; (3) county or equivalent; (4) locality. The specific place is recorded in the fourth or lowest field more or less in the terms of local reference given by the collector himself and should include a town, post office, or other place name that can be found in an atlas. The locality terms in the fourth field are ordered from the largest to the smallest units, and unimportant words are omitted; latitude and longitude, if given, are placed last in this field; and ecological terms, except where required to clarify the geographic location, are omitted. Because locality data from the specimen and the original description often are merged into a single telegraphic statement, the reference given in this fourth field cannot be assumed to be a direct quotation. Every effort is made, however, to stay close to the words of the original collector and/or author of the description, and substantive additions or interpolations by the compiler or editor are indicated appropriately. It is important to the editor, therefore, that compilers set apart clearly their own comments from the original information. Quotation marks are used only when the context requires that the exact original words be identified, as, for example, when some part of the locality statement is so archaic, confusing, or general as to appear to contradict the rest of the geographic information.

The three, higher level geographic data fields are used to place the locality in its proper geopolitical hierarchy. Whereas the vocabulary used in the “Locality” field is standardized for sorting purposes but not controlled, the vocabulary used in these three fields is controlled as well as standardized for purposes of search and retrieval. Insofar as possible, current official political units are used in all three fields so as to avoid overlapping and inconsistent terminology. As the term “geopolitical” implies, concessions to age-old geographic designations, as in the case of certain islands, are made in a few instances, and “country” is not always an independent political unit in the strictest or most modern sense. Such changes are made only within the structure of the controlled vocabulary, however, as explained below. Island names present a particular problem, because often they have long been used in the biogeographic literature but do not fit into a consistent geopolitical hierarchy (e.g., Borneo, Madagascar). Various stratagems, mostly involving comments in the “Locality” field, have been devised to cope with the problem of identifying well-known bio-geographic areas within the file structure of the Type Register. If the name used in any of the three higher level fields is not obviously equivalent to the name used originally by the collector, then his original designation is included parenthetically with appropriate annotation at the end of the “Locality” field.

All available atlases and gazetteers are used as standard references, the most valuable being The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (Seltzer, 1962) and the desk-top Webster’s New Geographical Dictionary (1972). The latter, to the extent that it covers the geographic units and problems encountered, has taken on the force virtually of an authority for geographic standardization. The authority adopted for the system of classification and names of the world’s countries and equivalent political units is the National Bureau of Standards’ Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS Pub) 10: Countries, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty (1970). With slight modifications for the purposes of Type Register, this publication is used to control the vocabulary used in the first or “Country” field. Any new name must be fitted into this system before it can be used.

From the data-processing point of view, the purpose of the geographic information is to make search and retrieval possible at least by country and state or province. Thus if the first two fields are left blank or if the names are not carefully controlled and standardized the retrieval aim is clearly thwarted. Collaborators should make every effort to provide data in all four geographic fields, but the most important ones are the first, second, and fourth.

Level 3—Specimen Data

Because there may be multiple type specimens (e.g., isotypes) in any type collection, the specimen data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. Ordinarily, an institution will be represented by a single type specimen under a given collection, but there is no limit to the number of specimens that may be registered per collection as long as each specimen is uniquely identified. In practice, this means that two or more specimens will be cited for the same institution only if they have different herbarium sheet numbers or represent different kinds of types. The data fields in the specimen citation are: Herbarium Abbreviation/Herbarium Sheet Number/Kind of Type/Data Source Code. The typical specimen citation takes this form: US 1727345 HOLOTYPE CF.

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION.—The standard international abbreviations established in the fifth edition of “Index Herbariorum, Part I: The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1964) are used to designate the herbaria.

HERBARIUM SHEET NUMBER.—Many herbaria stamp a serial number on every sheet to which an herbarium specimen is attached, and that number is entered into this field. The field may be left blank when the sheet in question lacks a serial number. Because a sheet number represents the single most effective and reliable means of uniquely identifying a specimen, any collaborating herbarium which presently does not number its sheets is strongly urged to number the sheets of type specimens as the data are compiled for the Type Register. From the standpoint of the Register, the serial number is a completely arbitrary datum and need not belong to any general numbering system within the collaborating institution provided that it is part of a unique series. Whenever there is any choice on the matter, a totally numerical series, not a mixed alphabetical/numerical (alphanumeric) series, should be used, to facilitate proper numerical sorting by machine.

KIND OF TYPE.—This small field represents the purpose of the Type Register and is certain to evoke more discussion and controversy than any other data field in the unit record. For this reason it is vital that every user of the Carex Catalog or any other part of the Register understand from the outset the limitations of the data recorded in the “Kind of Type” field.

As emphasized repeatedly, the initial aim of the Type Register project is to record the facts just as they exist in the presently available sources so as to put before the taxonomic user community the greatest amount of information in the shortest possible time, leaving until later stages the objective of methodical, authoritative verification and validation. Once comparative data on type specimens are available group by taxonomic group on a large scale, the specialists themselves, who alone are truly qualified to render authoritative decisions on matters of nomenclature and typification, can help enormously to refine the Type Register data base through feedback arising from actual use of the file. The consequence of this register-now-validate-later approach is seen most often in the imprecise if not incorrect terms by which the different kinds of types are designated. Because the nomenclatural rules have changed through the years and the well-developed modern terminology is of relatively recent origin, it is natural that types have not been designated according to any consistent standards through the years.

When a type specimen is first registered, its typification is designated by whatever term is indicated in the data source, which usually is a secondary source (card file, specimen file, monograph), unless there is firm evidence to indicate otherwise. Thus any type designation, whether legal or illegal by present nomenclatural rules, may appear in the Type Register.

At the United States National Herbarium, it was customary for many years to designate two basic categories in the segregated collection of type specimens: “type” and “type collection.” Usually, “type” has meant what would now be called “holotype,” while “type collection” has embraced syn-types, isotypes, and even paratypes according to present terminology. “Types” often prove not to be holotypes, however, and it would be very wrong to draw simple equations between the older and newer terms. The collection of type specimens at the New York Botanical Garden provides another example of the problems with archaic terminology. Here the categories “type” and “cotype” were used for many years, and now “type” often but certainly not always translates to “holotype,” while “cotype” may designate any of the kinds of types masquerading under “type collection” at the US.

The authority for designation of kind of type is the ICBN. An auxiliary, highly authoritative standard reference is “An Annotated Glossary of Botanical Nomenclature,” by McVaugh et al. (1968). Whenever the original specimens and literature can be examined and the kind of type validated in accordance with the rules, proper terminology is used. By this terminology, the Register is designed to include primarily holotypes, isotypes, syntypes, and isosyntypes. As explained earlier, the present file structure is not designed to handle lectotypes and neotypes (or isolectotypes and isoneotypes), although these are entered sometimes by using the fourth geographic field (“Locality”) as a remarks field for the second bibliographic citation. Paratypes are excluded unless other, higher order types cannot be located and there is reason to believe that the paratypes will become important later for purposes of lectotypification. Fragments of holotypes, isotypes, or syntypes may be included at the discretion of the editor (see under “Scope of Register”).

When a holotype has not been designated, as in all the older literature, one usually is faced with a “syntype situation,” which often is difficult to resolve precisely on the basis of the ICBN’s terminology. A syntype, according to the ICBN (Article 7, Note 3), is “any one of two or more specimens cited by the author when no holotype was designated, or any one of two or more specimens simultaneously designated as types,” and an isosyntype is a duplicate of a syntype (see “Guide for the Determination of Types” in the ICBN). “Duplicate” in this context is defined as “part of a single gathering made by a collector at one time.” In other words, a “duplicate” is one of two or more specimens constituting a single “collection,” as this term ordinarily is used by plant taxonomists and is being used in the context of the Type Register.

The distinction between syntype and isosyntype hinges on such relatively subjective criteria as “specimen citation” and whether or not the original author had the specimens in hand (cf. definitions of McVaugh et al., 1968), which are matters for specialists to determine. The older literature, where the problem of syntypes arises, is well known to be less than precise in the manner of citing specimens. The editorial staff of the Type Register must restrict its interpretations to the letter of the ICBN, and for the most part such fine distinctions as between syntype and isosyntype necessarily are deferred for the proper specialists to make at a later time. To do otherwise would be to assume the specialist’s role and responsibility and to introduce false precision at this stage. Accordingly, the term syntype is used for both syntypes and isosyntypes except in the rare cases where the evidence for the isosyntype designation is clear and convincing.

A final point on the use of the term syntype concerns the distinction between single collections and multiple collections. Throughout the older literature there are numerous cases where a single collection has been designated as the type collection, either explicitly or implicitly by virtue of being the only collection cited, even though a holotype has not been set apart. Many specialists would single out a presumptive holotype in these cases on the basis of the specimen (s) which the original author is presumed to have examined firsthand, but the Type Register editors cannot and should not make authoritative selections in such cases and must regard them all as syntypes. The ICBN does not seem to provide terms for distinguishing this common syntype situation from the other common syntype situations in which two or more type collections are designated simultaneously. Because it is useful to know whether one or more than one type collection is cited, in the Type Register project the term “type collection” has been given a proper meaning for the purpose of distinguishing these two syntype situations. Type collection, in this proper sense, designates a specimen from a single type collection, while “syntype” is reserved for designating a specimen from any one of two or more simultaneously designated type collections.

The catchall term type material is used to designate any specimen presumed for some reason to be a type but for which there is no basis at the time of data input to assign a more precise classification.

Many situations arise in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register in which it would be useful to have a collective term for designating a collection as a counterpart to the singular term given in the ICBN for the specimen. In fact, the terms “holotype collection” and “syntype collection” often are used informally within the project as collective counterparts to the singular terms holotype/isotype and syntype/isosyntype.

DATA SOURCE CODE.—Source of data is indicated according to a classification of source categories, by appending the appropriate code at the end of the specimen citation. It is impossible to document in detail the source of every datum, and any categorization of sources is certain to have many imperfections. The present classification is only a rough first approximation of the kind of documentation needed, but presumably it is a strike in the right direction. It is drawn up largely from the point of view of the central staff and their internal Smithsonian operation, and other categories will have to be added as other institutions join in the effort. Probably codes or numbers will be assigned to individual contributors in the future in the manner of Index Nominum Genericorum. It should be noted that this is more than a classification of sources; up to a point it also is a classification of degree of verification/validation. Obviously, a record based on examination of the original publication and the original specimen is likely to be more reliable than a record based solely on secondary sources. Following is the classification of data source codes:

OS
Original publication and type Specimen examined by person compiling data for Register.

OP
Original Publication examined by person compiling data tor Register, but type specimen not seen; supplementary information about the specimen, if any, derived from secondary source (s).

TS
Type Specimen examined by person compiling data for Register, but original publication not seen; citation and other publication data, if any, derived from secondary source (s), including standard indices (Index Kewensis, Gray Herbarium Index), monographs and revisions, annotations on specimen sheet, card files, original descriptions removed from context of publication without exact citation and necessary prefatory matter, and the Type Register catalog itself.

MG
Data derived from most recent MonoGraph of taxo-nomic group in question without reference to any other source (s) of information.

SS
Data derived entirely from Secondary Sources.

CF
Data transcribed directly from a card in the Card File of the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium without verification against the original publication or type specimen.

CO
Data from US Card file verified by examination of Original publication.

CS
Data from US Card file verified by examination of type Specimen (s).

CM
Data from US Card file verified or supplemented by consulting latest Monograph of taxonomic group in question.

UK
Source of data UnKnown.

PROCESSING SYSTEM

The first step is to convert the data to machine-readable form, i.e., to “automate” or “capture” the data, so that they can be processed by computer. No data conversion (automation, capture) system is perfect, and none is capable of handling all applications equally well (Shetler, 1972). Several methods and media have been tried thus far in the Type Register project in an effort to find the data conversion system best suited to this data-processing application. In general, the aim is to use the system that will get the data into the computer with the least amount of error and effort. Because the development of data conversion devices and procedures continues to evolve rapidly, a flexible approach has been taken; the data conversion system is kept as independent as possible from the rest of the processing system so that a new conversion system can be adopted at any time with minimal impact on the overall Type Register operation.

The following data conversion systems have been used in the chronological order given:

PAPER TAPE SYSTEM.—Data were mechanically encoded on paper tape with a tape-punching typewriter. The tapes then were read by the computer which converted the holes in the paper tape (i.e., mechanical codes) to electronic codes on magnetic tape and thus transferred the machine-readable data from the medium of capture to the medium of computer processing. This system was used for the duration of the pilot project, and several thousand records, a third of the present file, were captured with it. During the pilot phase, while paper tape was being used, corrections to the machine file were made by means of the standard 80-column punch card.

ON-LINE SYSTEM.—With a typewriter terminal, data were entered via telephone directly on disk storage of a remote time-sharing computer under the on-line control of a sophisticated text-editing program package. This text-editing software permitted the terminal operator to direct the computer in making any of a whole series of deletions, changes, and additions during the input process so that maximum editorial accuracy could be achieved in the machine-readable data base immediately, before it was output onto magnetic tape for subsequent processing by the information retrieval system.

OPTICAL SCANNING SYSTEM.—Data were typed on standard forms with an ordinary 10-pitch IBM Selectric Typewriter equipped with a head having a special optical scanning font. Completed forms were scanned by an optical character reader (OCR) which encoded the data directly on magnetic tape for further computer processing.

MAGNETIC TAPE SYSTEM.—In the system currently being used, a typewriter encodes data electronically on a magnetic cartridge which is compatible with computer tape. The typewriter unit also serves as a communication terminal to transmit the data captured via telephone directly to the computer, where the data are transferred to disk or tape for further processing. Processing programs can be controlled from this same remote terminal. Of the several data conversion systems used, this one seems to offer the best compromise of advantages and disadvantages in the context of the operation as a whole.

COMPUTER PROCESSING SYSTEM.—During the pilot phase of the Type Register project, this system consisted of a set of specially written COBOL programs, designed to run on the Smithsonian’s Honeywell 1250 machine, to create and maintain a machine file, and to account for collaborating institutions to which data-collection cards were sent or from which data were received. It was not designed as an information retrieval system in the strict sense, and in terms of output the system was capable chiefly of producing catalogs, either in book or card form. The pilot system proved with use to be highly specialized with too few capabilities and serious weaknesses in file structure such as inability to handle syntypes. It served the purpose of a pilot system, however, to get a file started and thereby define through experience the problems to be solved in the operational system.

After the pilot phase, the specialized COBOL programs were abandoned, and the processing system was completely redesigned around the commercially available, IBM-supported program package known as the “Generalized Information System” (GIS), which runs on the larger models of IBM’s System/360 and System/370. This generalized software performs all the normal functions of creating, maintaining, and querying files and of generating reports. It is an information retrieval system, in the proper sense, with the full capability to search, select, and print answers to specific queries on demand in addition to the capability for producing various types of tabulations, tallies, and catalogs. A COBOL preprocessing program (“preprocessor”) and a COBOL concatenating program, by which, respectively, the data are prepared for processing by GIS and the data are joined field by field into publishable paragraph output after processing by GIS, form a part of the total operational system. GIS runs only on IBM equipment and is offered by several computer service bureaus in the Washington, D.C., area with IBM machines. Type Register processing with this system so far has been carried out successfully at several different service bureaus, and the project basically is independent of the computing center.

One of the most important initial tasks in developing the Type Register is to build a file of sufficient size to make reliable studies concerning such matters as record comprehensiveness, record format, field format, need for authority files, and

FIGURE 3.—Two oversimplified schematic representations of the three-level record structure in the Botanical Type Specimen Register (from Meadow, 1973a,b).

report types and formats. This requires a flexible information processing system that allows for data to be restructured, reports to be reformatted, tallies to be made, and edits and mass updates to be made without reprogramming. From the output standpoint, it must be possible to select records according to the content of any data field, to relate records to each other on the basis of selected fields, and to sort and format selected fields as desired. GIS affords all these capabilities.

The FNA program is using GIS, and it was for this reason particularly that the decision was made to use GIS in the Type Register project so that these botanical data bases would remain fully compatible. The rationale for using a generalized information processing system and a description of the use of GIS in the FNA program have been set forth in separate papers recently by Harriet R. Meadow (1973a, b), who is responsible for the basic design of the Type Register processing system. The two most important features of GIS, from the point of view of biological data retrieval, are its capability of handling hierarchical data structures and its capability of querying two or more files simultaneously for correlated data. With respect to Type Register, for example, the hierarchical feature permits subordination of two or more specimen collections to a single taxon or, in turn, two or more specimens to a single collection within a taxon. The three-level hierarchy of the Type Register is outlined in Figure 3.

The second-generation processing system for the Type Register by no means represents the ultimate system, but it does handle the vast majority of cases very well and solves the most bothersome problems encountered during the pilot phase with the specialized first-generation system. New problems have arisen, however, and with the experience gained by using the present system it will be possible to design a third-generation system in due course that will accommodate all of the special cases that continue to be troublesome, e.g., the case of a lectotype or neotype that requires a second bibliographic citation.

Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents

Following is a statistical summary of the records on the machine file as of 30 September, 1972:

No. Families | 135
No. Genera | 950
No. Taxa* | 10,525
No. Collections | 10,625
No. Specimens | 13,535

*Species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and nothomorphs.

The figures show that the number of collections averages just slightly more than 1/taxon, while the number of specimens averages about 1.3/taxon. The number of specimens will grow rapidly relative to the number of taxa as additional herbaria register their type holdings of taxa already in the file.

This is a tally largely of records input from the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium (US); i.e., the vast majority of the families and genera are represented only by taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection. None of the 135 families is present solely on the basis of types registered from another herbarium, which is to say that at least one taxon in the US collection is registered under every family. The inclusion of a family does not mean, however, that all US types belonging to that family have been recorded. Quite the contrary, the project has only begun, and, as indicated earlier, it now is proceeding alphabetically by genus and is still in the letter “C.” This means that for the vast majority of families only genera starting with “A” or “B” are recorded thus far. If a genus is present, however, then all type material in the US collection belonging to that genus is registered. In other words, the file is complete to the genus level with respect to taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection.

Before the alphabetical approach was started, registration of US types was essentially completed for several families, and in each case the types of one or more other herbaria also had been recorded. Following is a list of these completed families, showing for each the number of genera, taxa, and specimens registered and the abbreviations of the herbaria for which the file is relatively complete:

Chrysobalanaceae (12 genera, 216 taxa, 1,110 specimens), many herbaria

Dichapetalaceae (7 genera, 43 taxa, 153 specimens), many herbaria

Lamiaceae (84 genera, 1,234 taxa, 1,851 specimens), LA, MO, NY, US

Scrophulariaceae (85 genera, 943 taxa, 1,075 specimens), US

Violaceae (17 genera, 232 taxa, 321 specimens), NY, US

The data for the Chrysobalanaceae and Dichapetalaceae were provided by Ghillean T. Prance of the New York Botanical Garden from his manuscripts of family monographs for the Flora Neotropica series. All type specimens seen by him in the course of his research on these families as of June 1970 are recorded, which means that many herbaria are represented. With respect to these two families, the Type Register is relatively “complete” in the comprehensive, monographic sense in that the file cites the significant types, regardless of where they are on deposit, as they will be cited in the published monograph. (The monographs of these families have since appeared—see Prance 1972a, b.) At the same time the coverage may not be as thorough for any individual herbarium as in the case of the other three families—Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Violaceae—for which the data were compiled directly from type collections or card files in the herbaria indicated. Within the Scrophulariaceae, contributions to the genus Mimulus have been registered by more than a dozen herbaria (CAN, COLO, DAO, F, GH, JEPS, MICH, NY, OSC, PH, UC, LA, LIS, WIS) as a result of Hale’s experiment (see “Introduction”), and there are miscellaneous other contributions to this family recorded from MO, NY, and a few other herbaria.

Apart from the families listed and the genus Carex, for which the catalog is appended, several other groups have been completed in some sense. Nearly half of the US types of Asteraceae (Compositae) had been recorded when the switch from a systematic to an alphabetical approach was made, and the file for this family contained as of 30 September 1972 the following: 255 genera, 2,600 taxa, and 2,650 specimens. Several important genera of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) have been completed at least for the US, and the tallies for these genera as of 30 September 1972 were:

Arabis (97 taxa, 106 specimens), US

Draba (119 taxa, 195 specimens), NY, US

Lepidium (29 taxa, 32 specimens), US

Lesquerella (38 taxa, 43 specimens), US

Thlaspi (15 taxa, 59 specimens), F, GH, MO, NY, RM, S, UC, US, WTU

The data for Thlaspi were provided by Patricia Kern Holmgren (1971) of the New York Botanical Garden from her revision of the genus, during which she saw types from the above-indicated ten herbaria. She also provided the data from NY for the genus Draba.

Finally, John T. Mickel of the New York Botanical Garden provided significant type data on the genus Anemia subgenus Coptophyllum (Schizaeaceae) and its three segregate genera Aneimiaebotrys, Coptophyllum, and Trochopteris from his monograph of the Anemia (Mickel, 1962), and the statistics are: 4 genera, 35 taxa, 81 specimens.

Use of Type Register

Some of the main uses of the Type Register will be obvious from the discussion in the foregoing sections if not from the concept of the Register itself, and other uses will become apparent through study of the Carex Catalog and its indices. It should be emphasized that a catalog of this type with the same or other types of indices can be produced for any taxonomic group, large or small, presently registered, although the data have not been edited to the same high degree in any other group thus far. The Carex Catalog and each of its indices represent outputs to particular queries. Many other types of queries are possible, and the amount of output depends on the scope of the query and the depth and comprehensiveness of the data base at the time of querying. For example, the request “Print all records of ferns,” would yield a relatively small printout at this stage, because only a few fern types are registered, but eventually such a request could yield an overwhelming printout. In querying the file, the user always must exercise discretion in framing his requests, and to do this he must have a reasonable knowledge of the limits of the machine file beforehand or be guided by someone who is familiar with the file. Otherwise he will make meaningless or impractical requests.

By request the file will be queried at cost for anyone. Any kind of query is welcome, and guidance can be provided in framing queries. It is important at this stage to have feedback from potential users in the form of requests for file queries so that all needs are taken into consideration as the Type Register system undergoes further test and refinement, particularly with respect to report formats. Persons wishing to make extensive use of the Register should plan to spend time in Washington, D.C., working with the project staff at the Smithsonian. The costs and other requirements of such an undertaking should be worked out in advance by consultation with the staff.

The Type Register can be queried or sorted by taxonomic name, author, book or journal title, year of publication, collector, collector’s number, date of collection, country, state or province, county, herbarium, and kind of type or any combination of these. With a query or sort on any of these fields can be printed other selected fields from the same records, as illustrated by the Carex Catalog, which is sorted by taxonomic name, and its five indices, which are sorted in the lead field by author, collector, country, publication date, and herbarium, respectively.

With the cooperation of specialists willing to devote time to editing of groups of interest to themselves, other catalogs can be published. Anyone is invited to propose collaborations in publishing from the Type Register.

A Catalog of the Genus Carex (Cyperaceae)

STANWYN G. SHETLER (Editor); MARY JANE PETRINI, CONSTANCE GRAHAM CARLEY, M. J. HARVEY, LARRY E. MORSE (Assistant Editors); THOMAS E. KOPFLER(Programmer);AND COLLABORATORS

Contributing Institutions

The ten American herbaria that have collaborated in the Carex project to provide data on their re-sective collections of types in this genus are listed here in descending order of number of specimens registered. The name of each herbarium is preceded by its standard international abbreviation as established in the fifth edition of “Index Herbariorum, Part I, The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu 1964).

NY | Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York
GH | Gray Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
US | United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.
CAS | Herbarium, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California
F | John G. Searle Herbarium, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois
MO | Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri
DS | Dudley Herbarium, Stanford University, Stanford, California
UC | Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California
A | Herbarium, Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
JEPS | Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California

Each institution has contributed to the Carex Catalog voluntarily and with little or no outside financial support for work on the Type Register. The FNA program has made use of the Type Register as a pilot project to evaluate various ways of collecting, editing, capturing, and processing hierarchically structured taxon/collection/specimen data. In the course of this work, therefore, small sums of “seed” money were allocated from FNA funds to support data-gathering for the Carex project at several of the above institutions. The Carex project was undertaken in the first place at the suggestion of the FNA Editorial Committee. The Committee saw in Carex a good model of a large genus with a preponderance of North American species which presents a full gamut of nomenclatural and taxonomic problems to cope with in an information system. (The Carex project, insofar as FNA was concerned, went beyond the Type Register. While the data were being gathered for the Register, other morphological data were also being assembled by FNA—unpublished Carex data on Sections Montanae and Ovales collected by A. J. Gilmartin and M. B. Moore—to test the matrix techniques of Morse, 1971, for computer-assisted identification and key construction.) Once the Carex Catalog was established on the basis of several large herbaria, other major herbaria were able to add their data with a surprisingly low investment of man-hours. The Field Museum, for example, reported just under 35 man-hours—less than a man-week—to compile its data on Carex types, at a cost of under $175 for technical labor, but by the time the Museum came into the picture it had the benefit of a basic catalog already including the contributions of A, GH, MO, NY, and US.

Each institution determined its own extent of coverage, and without exception each tried to include all types in the general herbarium which already had been segregated or otherwise identified or which could be identified quickly on the basis of the available computer printout. At the same time, none of the herbaria makes any claim to absolute completeness or thoroughness relative to the number of types in the herbarium, including those still buried in the general collection. A pragmatic philosophy prevailed, with each herbarium doing the best it could under the constraints of its own local circumstances. It might be assumed in general that the coverage is more complete for the herbaria like NY and US which had separate type collections in the first place and had long-established traditions of segregating type specimens from the main herbarium as they are recognized, than for the herbaria without segregated types, but even this assumption can be questioned. At CAS, a folder-by-folder search of Carex specimens in the herbarium with printout in hand turned up as many unrecognized type specimens as had previously been recognized and segregated into the type collection. A similar search of North American folders at F resulted likewise in doubling the number of recognized types. If one pass through the herbarium can double the number of types, it certainly cannot be concluded that all types have now been found. From a purely curatorial point of view, therefore, the Carex project was very useful in these instances because, as a result, the collection of recognized types was increased by 100 percent.

Clearly it would be unfair to judge the relative size or value of the type collection or even just the Carex type collection of any of these ten herbaria on the basis of the present catalog. Much more extensive development of the Type Register is required before such judgment will be warranted. At the same time, the present ranking is almost predictable. An herbarium that is the major depository for the types of a monographer naturally is expected to have a disproportionate number of types in the group (s) on which the monographer worked. The extensive work of monographer K. K. Mackenzie (1931–35, “Cyperaceae-Cariceae,” in North American Flora) clearly might be expected, therefore, to have put NY in the first position, and no one will be surprised to find GH and US close behind. Comparison of the NY and US type collections of Carex provides a good example of the influence of a monographer on a type collection. Together, NY and US have type specimens for over 400 taxa. Of these taxa, half are represented by type specimens only at NY, while about 40 are represented only at US. Thus, NY has five times more “unique” Carex taxa in the Type Register than US. By contrast comparisons in some other groups show NY and US to have about an equal number of “unique” representatives in the Register. CAS is expected to be strong in types of western taxa. In addition, John Thomas has pointed out (personal correspondence) that CAS has a complete set of H. P. Sartwell’s Carices Americanae Septentrionalis, Part 1 (nos. 1–70, 1848) and Part 2 (nos. 71–143, 1850), and a “rather good set, but not complete,” of S. T. Olney’s Carices Boreali Americanae, distributed in 1870 and 1871. According to Thomas, many CAS specimens bear the annotations of J. W. Stacey, who was connected with CAS and published on western sedges.

Thomas points out these additional interesting facts about the other herbaria in the San Francisco Bay area. Mackenzie, in the course of doing the treatment of Carex for Abrams’ An Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States (Mackenzie, 1923), determined all the Carex specimens at DS from the Pacific States and a number from other regions sometime prior to 1920. The Parish Herbarium, one of the best early collections of southern California plants, is housed at DS. The I. W. Clokey Herbarium, including his sedge types, are at UC, and of course W. L. Jepson’s material is at JEPS.

In general, every curator who collaborated in the Carex project felt that his effort had beneficial consequences in the herbarium, and there was a nearly unanimous opinion that the results were well worth the effort from the curatorial standpoint alone.

Data-Collection Procedure

The Carex Catalog was initiated with data from the US and MO type collections. For the US, records were converted from the existing card file (see “Source of Data”), while the MO records were captured from data forms filled out at MO in the course of a special search of all the Carex type folders, which are distributed through the herbarium in association with the main collections. The special search was undertaken specifically as part of the Carex project of FNA.

After a common catalog of the US and MO collections was compiled, members of the Type Register staff moved their data-conversion operation to the New York Botanical Garden for two weeks, where, with the assistance of NY personnel, the NY Carex data were compiled and input to the system in a matter of days. The data were compiled from the specimens in the separate type collection, which by and large does not include the literature citations, and supplemented with bibliographic data from reference works, primarily Mackenzie’s (1931–35) monograph of Carex.

It should be pointed out that the type collection at NY was first segregated for security reasons during World War II, and the selection had to be done in haste under less than ideal conditions. Consequently, many nontype but historically important specimens, constituting perhaps as much as 25 percent of the total type collection, deliberately were pulled along with the known or presumptive type specimens in the process of going through the main herbarium. The person who compiled Carex data attempted to sort out the nontype material, and further culling was done during the editorial process. Undoubtedly some nontype material still remains in the present Catalog, although it seems unlikely that the percentage of such specimens is much if any higher for NY at this stage than for any of the other nine herbaria. In any event, it will be a simple matter to delete nontypes from the file as they are discovered and brought to the attention of the Type Register editors in the future.

Once the NY data were merged fully with the US and MO data, a union catalog was delivered to Harvard University for additions from A and GH. At Harvard, data on types of taxa already registered were annotated in the catalog, and data for taxa new to the catalog were compiled on standard forms. In general, Harvard provided only specimen data, and the bibliographic data were looked up and supplied later by the Type Register staff at the. Smithsonian before annotations and new records where captured and merged with the US + MO + NY machine file.

When the annotated catalog was returned from Harvard, the A and GH annotations were transcribed to the main working catalog at the Smithsonian, and then the Harvard catalog, as annotated, was sent to the Field Museum of Natural History. Sent with the annotated catalog were photocopies of the data forms for the new taxa added by A and GH. In this way it was possible to give the collaborators at F the benefit of the new data supplied by A and GH immediately, while the capture of these new data was still in progress at the Smithsonian. As a further aid to their work, the collaborators at F were provided with an index by collector and collector’s number to the US + MO + NY catalog.

The collaborators in the San Francisco Bay area were provided with a new catalog incorporating the A and GH data along with the US, MO, and NY data, and this catalog also included an index by collector and collector’s number. This catalog was annotated by them with new data from CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC on taxa already registered, and data for taxa new to the file were compiled on standard forms. The annotated catalog and completed forms then were returned to the Smithsonian Institution for input to the system.

At CAS, DS, F, JEPS, and UC the data were compiled in the first instance from the specimens in the herbarium, but in most cases the original publications also were checked when taxa new to the file were involved. Otherwise the bibliographic data were obtained from secondary sources. The original literature was checked for taxon additions without exception at F.

In summary, a round-robin procedure of sorts was used to collect the data. To the extent possible, each new collaborating institution was given the benefit of the latest cumulative catalog incorporating the contributions of previous collaborating herbaria. In this way, maximum advantage could be taken of previous herbarium and library research, and duplication of effort was kept to a minimum. Once the combined data of CAS, DS, TEPS, and UC were returned to the Smithsonian, the data-collection phase was closed out and final editing began.

Editorial Process

All entries were edited in accordance with the principles and procedures set forth in the first part, and the editors take final responsibility for the form and style and all other editorial matters of the present Catalog. To integrate new contributions into the accumulating data base, differences between supposedly identical records from different institutions constantly had to be reconciled by turning to standard references and the original literature. Whenever possible, record content was verified by checking the original publication. In the end, nearly every original description cited in the Catalog was seen at least once by the editors and in many cases several times. In many cases, furthermore, the designation of kind of type was validated according to the ICBN; however, because much of the checking of original literature was done by a technical editor, untrained in the application of the type method and terminology, many of the records were verified without being validated, to use the distinction defined in an earlier section (p. 00). According to this distinction, the development of the Carex file of the Type Register can be said to have attained the Stage 2 “verification” level overall, with some records still at the Stage 1 “registration” level and with a substantial number of others having been “validated” more or less according to Stage 3 standards. Of course the careful scrutiny of specialists, with appropriate feedback from them, is needed over a period of years before the present Carex file can be said to have truly attained Stage 3 development.

While the bibliographic data could be double-checked or supplied (if not provided in the first place) by examining the original publication, the specimen data could be verified in this way only to the extent that the publications gave corroborating details. Ultimately, therefore, each contributing institution is responsible for the reliability of its own specimen data. In the case of NY, however, the editors, who assisted in the data collection itself, share responsibility for the reliability of the specimen data. In any event, citations always were checked against Index Kewensis and/or the Gray Herbarium Index if the original publications could not be examined.

Editing of this type of open-ended file, in which considerable subjective judgment is required, is a never-ending process, and a reasonable degree of thoroughness is achieved only after many editorial “passes” through the file. The editing proceeded in a series of phases and cycles in which all records were examined a field at a time, by means of inverted listings or indices, for consistency and accuracy, and updated printouts were obtained for another editorial round. Thus, for example, title citations were standardized in one editorial phase, while names of authors were standardized in another phase. The editorial corrections for all fields then were merged into a common working hard-copy of the file before the process of updating the machine file was begun. After one cycle of such editing was finished and the file was thought to be “clean,” a new catalog and set of indices were printed out. Then a whole new cycle of editing was begun. This iterative process continued until the editing began to yield diminishing returns and it became necessary to bring the never-ending process to a reasonable stopping point, which the present Catalog is believed to represent. In such a dynamic system, editorial perfection is relative at best, and at this stage the editors certainly make no claim to perfection in any sense of the word, although every effort has been made to be thorough and consistent.

Milestone Events

Computerized data banks are a new development in biology, and there is still much to be learned about the mechanics of creating and maintaining them. The process is all too easily underestimated, especially with respect to manpower requirements, and overly optimistic timetables are the rule. An enormous effort on the part of many individuals went into the creation of the Carex Catalog over a period of more than two years. During this time the tedious editorial work seemed to go on endlessly, while technical problems with the systems development and processing also came in a steady stream. The following chronology of milestones in the more than two-year process has a two-fold purpose—first, to provide a practical example of the laborious steps involved in creating a data bank, and, second, to caution against overenthusiasm and oversimplification on the part of others contemplating similar efforts. It must be stressed, however, that all during the two and one-half years other taxonomic groups were being input to the Type Register along with Carex, and it never was possible to work exclusively on Carex.

1970

January | Decision made to begin work on genus as part of FNA Carex project. Editing of data in US card file begun.
February | Collection of data begun at MO and first records returned to US for input. Photocopies of all Carex records in US card file sent to MO.
March | New data-capture procedure organized using online, text-editing system.
April | All US and MO records input, totaling just over 200 taxa and about 250 specimens.
May | First printout of US + MO records produced and edited, and machine file updated. Second printout produced, and copy sent to NY.
June | Second printout of US + MO records edited, and machine file updated.
| Members of Type Register staff worked at NY for last two weeks during which time all NY Carex records (200+ taxa, 300 specimens), along with records of other groups, were input to the system on-line via telephone to computer in Washington, D.C.
| First printout of new taxa added to file by NY produced.
July | Report on NY work prepared.
August | Printout of NY additions edited, and machine file updated.
| First printout of US + MO + NY records produced.
September | US + MO + NY printout edited, and machine file updated.
| Second printout of joint records produced, totaling 415 taxa and 544 specimens.
| Decision made to publish a Carex catalog as the sample installment of Type Register.
November | Preliminary report formats defined for catalog and indices.
December | Use of on-line system discontinued, and paper tape system reorganized and used again.

1971

January–May | Intensive editing and updating of preliminary Carex Catalog (US + MO + NY) continued.
| OCR data-capture system inaugurated, and paper tape system phased out.
| Sample catalog of 100 Carex records with 4 cross-indices produced and distributed to a limited cross-section of taxonomists.
June | Preliminary catalog of Carex displayed at botanical meetings in Edmonton, Alberta, and copies of sample of 100 records handed out.
| Decision made to hold off publication of Catalog at least until GH could be included.
July | Final printout of US + MO + NY catalog generated for GH.
August | Copy of latest catalog delivered in person to Harvard University for use in compiling data from A and GH; specimen data compiled and returned to US.
| Copy delivered also to NY for final prepublication check; check made and printout returned.
| Copy sent to MO for final prepublication check.
| Copy displayed at annual meeting of American Institute of Biological Sciences, Ft. Collins, Colorado.
| Contributions solicited by letter from F, San Francisco Bay area herbaria.
September | F indicated willingness to contribute Carex records.
October | Arrangements made for F to contribute records, and necessary materials supplied, including index by collector to preliminary catalog.
| Data collection begun at F.
| Editing of A and GH data begun.
| Report on progress to meeting of FNA Program Council in Miami, Florida.
November | Arrangements made for CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC to contribute, and necessary materials supplied.
| Copy of collector index sent to MO.
| Critique of sample catalog of 100 Carex received from F. J. Hermann.
| Editing of A and GH data completed, and records input to system.
December | Data collection at F completed.
| New cumulative catalog incorporating A, GH, MO, NY, and US produced, with 537 taxa, 542 collections, and 776 specimens.
| Four indices in preliminary format generated.
| COBOL paragraphing (concatenating) program designed, written, and debugged; GIS/COBOL interface programmed and tested.

1972

January | All data returned from F to US for input.
| All data returned by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC.
| Limited input with magnetic cartridge system begun.
| Computer program for listing and tallying taxa in Type Register tested.
| Data collection phase essentially brought to close.
| Sample catalog produced using COBOL concatenation program.
February | Annotations from catalog used by F and from catalog used by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC transferred to working copy.
| Editing and final data capture continued apace.
| COBOL concatenating program, including GIS interface, tested satisfactorily.
March–April | New cumulative catalog printed, including 600 taxa, 607 collections, and 854 specimens.
| Nine indices printed for final field-by-field editing.
| Writing of introductory sections of this paper begun.
May | New catalog printed, including 609 taxa, 615 collections, and 1,050 specimens.
| New set of nine indices also produced.
| Editing and updating of file continued.
| Final prepublication edition of Catalog printed, along with indices, which included 606 taxa, 612 collections, and 1,059 specimens.
| Final format of Catalog established after various tests with COBOL program.
| Several types of computer paper tested.
June | Camera-ready copy of present Catalog and indices produced for Smithsonian Institution Press, including same data base as final catalog in May.
August | Manuscript and camera-ready copy of Catalogand indices sent to press.

The decision to use Carex for the trial publication was made in September 1970, exactly two years before the manuscript finally went to press. What is obvious from this chronology is that for every additional collaborating institution the preparation of a final catalog is delayed at least a few months. Under the best of circumstances, turnaround time between cycles of data-collecting, editing, and processing quickly add up to days, weeks, and months. Clearly, the task of creating a data base of this type is limitless ultimately, and definite bounds must be established if the dynamic process is ever to stand still long enough to yield meaningful products. Desirable as it would have been, therefore, to include many more herbaria in this Catalog, the line had to be drawn finally. If the Catalog had been closed off after the MO, NY, and US contributions, as originally planned, it would have gone to press a year earlier, in mid-1971. The addition of seven more herbaria, including several key ones, surely justifies the year’s delay, but it is doubtful that further delays could be justified at this time for any other herbaria. We believe that it is vitally important now to get the concept of the Type Register across to the botanical community through the medium of the Carex Catalog without further delay.

Use of Carex Catalog

The Carex Catalog consists of the “Catalog of Specimens” and cross-indices to the “Catalog of Specimens” by five different fields (descriptors): (1) “Author Index,” (2) “Publication-Date Index,” (3) “Collector Index,” (4) “Geographic Index,” and (5) “Herbarium Index.” (Hereafter the term “Catalog” is used for the “Catalog of Specimens” proper.) The Catalog is arranged alphabetically by taxon and includes the full unit-record for each taxon, as it is stored in the computer, except for the family and genus names, the data source codes, and several file-control dates and numbers. The family name and genus name, Cyperaceae and Carex, respectively, have been omitted because they are the same for all taxa and, printed at the top of each entry, would constitute unnecesary words that would tend only to hide the key words for alphabetization, the epithets. The Catalog is alphabetized, therefore, by the specific and infra-specific epithets.

The indices, in addition to providing access to the Catalog by other criteria than the taxonomic name, represent data files in their own right which may serve a user’s purpose without his ever taking recourse to the main Catalog. They are independent data files because they all include the name of the taxon and one or more other fields that place the key indexing field in the context of related data. The data source code has not been included record by record because it is usually OS; furthermore, the classification of sources has been in use for only a short time and was not used throughout the development of the Carex Catalog (see “Data Source Code”).

The Catalog provides citations of original athors and publications, data on type collections, and a list of type specimens known to exist in the ten herbaria surveyed—all subordinated to the taxonomic name. No taxa are included that are not represented by at least one specimen in at least one of the ten herbaria. The organization of the data in the paragraphed unit-entry is as follows:

SPECIFIC EPITHET/RANK/INFRASPECIFIC EPITHET/AUTHOR OF NAME, CITATION OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATION. DATE OF PUBLICATION.

COUNTRY: STATE OR PROVINCE: COUNTY: LOCALITY (COMMENT IF ANY) (COLLECTOR, COLLECTOR’S NUMBER. DATE OF COLLECTION)

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION/SHEET NUMBER/KIND OF TYPE

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc., for additional specimen]

COUNTRY [etc., for additional collection]

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc.]

The five indices are all cross-referenced to the Catalog by means of the specific epithet instead of a page or record number because the unit records in the Catalog are alphabetical by epithet, allowing for fast look-up. Space did not permit printing in-fraspecific epithets in four of the indices; therefore, the specific epithet is prefixed by an asterisk (*) if the record being cross-referenced is not the species itself but one of its infraspecific taxa. This device should permit the user to get to the desired entry almost as quickly as if the infraspecific epithet had been printed, as in the “Herbarium Index.” Content and format are more or less self-evident in each of the indices. It should be emphasized that these are only five of an almost infinite number of possible indices. Furthermore, they all were generated directly from the exact same data base from which the Catalog itself was produced and have identical data wherever content overlaps.

The purpose of the “Author Index” is to point to all taxa in the Catalog described by a particular author or combination of authors, and, therefore, the Index is alphabetized primarily by author and secondarily by specific epithet. Combinations of authors are alphabetized as combinations, not as individual authors, owing to present system limitations, A person interested in a particular taxon described by a particular author or author combination can learn quickly from the Index whether there is an entry in the Catalog for this taxon and then go to it. Persons wishing to study an author’s descriptions chronologically, by year of publication, would want to have this Index resequenced with the date rather than the epithet being the secondary sort-key.

The primary sort-key of the “Publication-Date Index” is the year of publication, from the oldest to the youngest, the actual range being from 1803 to 1971. Within each year the secondary sort-key is the specific epithet, which references an entry in the Catalog. This Index should be useful to those who are interested in nomenclatural priority in the genus or in tracing the historical development of knowledge about Carex. By itself, the Index, which includes the name of the author or author combination, is a chronological summary of the botanists who have described species in the genus as registered in the Catalog.

The “Collector Index” is in effect a list by collector of collections cited in the Catalog and provides a convenient means of checking any herbarium for type material of taxa recorded thus far in the Carex file of the Type Register. Under the name of each collector or combination of collectors are listed the numbers and dates of all collections in the Catalog, cross-referenced by the specific epithets. The name is the primary sort-key, and the specific epithet is the secondary sort-key. A variation of this Index would include a list of all herbaria in which the collector’s type specimens are deposited. In other words, the kind of guide to the location of types that A. S. Hitchcock and his colleagues were trying to compile directly in the 1930s (see “Introduction”) can be produced as a by-product of the Type Register data base. Some interesting observations can be made by comparing the “Collector Index” with the “Author Index.” It becomes clear at once, for example, that while some authors collected almost as many new taxa as they described, others described many more than they collected. Further examination indicates that this difference may reflect the difference between a floristic taxonomist like M. L. Fernald, who tended to describe his own species, and a monographic worker like K. K. Mackenzie, who described taxa from among specimens of many collectors amassed for a study of the genus.

The “Geographic Index” provides access to the collections of the Catalog primarily by country of origin and secondarily by state, province, or equivalent. The specific epithet, which is the cross-reference to the Catalog, is the tertiary sort-key. The value of this Index will be obvious at once to floristic workers who wish to know which taxa in their region are typified by specimens collected within the region, e.g., within the State of California.

The “Herbarium Index,” alphabetized in the first instance by institution, lists alphabetically by specific and infraspecific epithets under each of the ten institutions the taxa in the Catalog for which they hold type specimens. The herbarium sheet number, if there is one, and the kind of type are listed also. The sheet number is the tertiary sort-key. Many of the type designations have not been validated, and the problems of validating kind of type have been discussed at length earlier in this paper (pp. 8 and 19–21). For this reason many of the type specimens registered still carry the original designation of the herbarium submitting the data.

The following informal or archaic terms, which appear in the Catalog and in the “Herbarium Index” but which are not sanctioned by the ICBN, require brief definition of their meaning or apparent meaning in the Catalog. It should be pointed out, however, that the presence of a correct term (e.g., holotype, isotype) is no guarantee that it has been used correctly. A large number of the designations have been validated, and where the terminology seems to be used consistently within a collection, e.g., where one holotype and one or more isotypes are indicated, it can be assumed that the designations were validated.

rotype | Presumptive syntype or isosyntype, but may be isotype or paratype, if a type at all.
type | Presumptive holotype, but may be isotype, syntype, isosyntype, or paratype, if a type at all.
type collection | Term used in a proper sense tor a specimen of a single collection cited by original author without designating a holotype—in this sense, a syntype or isosyntype according to ICBN (see pp. 19–21) ; otherwise term flags a presumptive syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or even isotype, if a type at all.
type fragmen | Presumably fragment of the holotype, but may be fragment of isotype, syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or other kind of type, if of type at all.
type material | Presumptive type specimen of some kind—catchall term.

The Catalog and Indices were printed by computer directly from the data base, and not a single change has been made. What is presented here is exactly what was stored on the machine file as of 16 June 1972, with the exception of punctuation between fields which may have been added in the process of concatenation. Because the system provided only for printing in upper case letters, possibilities for variation of typography were limited. Boldfacing by overprinting the same words two or more times was used for the specific and infraspecific epithets, and in the process it was necessary also to boldface rank designators connecting epithets. Thus the taxon names stand out from the rest of the text and facilitate searching the Catalog. Insofar as practical, the standard conventions of punctuation in nomenclatural literature were used.

Errata

Several errors were detected in the Catalog after the camera-ready copy had been produced. By record number in the Catalog, these are:

No. 2. ABLATA BAILEY, L. H. The citation following the author’s name is to the place where the neotype is designated, because the original publication did not designate a type specimen, and the citation of Bailey’s original publication is cited as a parenthetic remark at the end of the geographic locality. To be consistent with the rest of the Catalog, however, where the citation after the author is always the citation of the original publication, the editors should have reversed the two citations in this record. As a result of this editorial error, Bailey in the “Author Index” and “Publication-Date Index” appears to have described C. ablata in 1935, when Mackenzie designated the neotype, rather than in 1888. This error does point up the problem of dealing with neotypes, however, and a certain logic can be advanced for either way of handling the two citations.

No. 99. CHIHUAHUAENSIS. Spell CHIHUAHUENSIS, omitting second “A.”

No. 418. PIRCHINCHENSIS. Spell PICHENCHENSIS, omitting “R.”

No. 424. PLUVICA. Spell PLUVIA, omitting “C.”

No. 446. PURPUREOVAGINATA. Spell PURPUREO-VAGINATA, inserting hyphen.

No. 448. PYCNOTHYSOS. Spell PYCNOTHYRSOS, inserting “R.”

No. 544. TENERA VAR. RICHII FERNALD, M. L. At the end of the geographic locality, MIDDLESEX FALLS should read MIDDLESEX FELLS.

No. 549. TERRAE-NOVAE FERNALD, M. L. The hyphen should be removed from the collector’s name GIL-BERT-JR., F.A. The practice of joining Jr. to the end of the collector’s or author’s last name by a hyphen in this manner was required by the specifications of the pilot processing system, but this requirement no longer obtains.

Note: Changes in spelling of specific epithets also apply wherever these epithets have appeared in the indices.

Statistical Summary of Catalog

606 | taxa (species, subspecies — SSP, varieties — VAR, forms—FOR, nothomorphs—NM.)
612 | collections
1,059 | specimens (sheets)

CATALOG OF SPECIMENS

-A-

1. ABDITA BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:492. 1908.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND HILL (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 11 MAY 1904)

NY

TYPE

2. ABLATA BAILEY,L.H., N. AMER. FL. 18:314. 1935.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, MOUNT MARK; ALT. 2500 FT.; (ORIG. PUB.: BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.) (MACOUN,JOHN, 13401. 26 JUL 1887)

GH |  | ISONEOTYPE
NY |  | ISONEOTYPE

3. ABORIGINUM JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:69.1910.

USA: IDAHO: ADAMS CO.: INDIAN VALLEY; ALT. 2300 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 12 JUL 1899)

CAS | 242617 | ISOTYPE
DS | 149709 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

4. ABRAMSII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:482. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY (ABRAMS,L., 2816. 31 JUL 1902)

DS | 55317 | ISOTYPE
F | 186491 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

5. ABRUPTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:618. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: STIRLING CITY; ALT. 3000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 10820. 07 JUN 1913)

DS | 64125 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

6. ABSCONDITA VAR. ROSTELLATA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA, 44:386. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: ISLE OF WIGHT CO.: LEE’S MILL (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12012. 08 JUN 1940)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 2003161 | TYPE COLLECTION

7. X ABSCONDITIFORMIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:387. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: NOTTOWAY RIVER, HUSKE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12969. 13 JUN 1941)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO | 1306480 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2003299 | ISOTYPE

8. ACCEDENS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:457. 1903.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---. --- MAY 1880)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE

9. ACROPHILA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:114. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9515. -- AUG 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

10. ACUTA VAR. PALLIDA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:166, PL.554.1867

USA: OREGON: “FORT COLVILLE TO ROCKY MOUNTAINS, WEST KOOTENAY” (LYALL,DAVID,---. -- ---1861)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

11. ACUTINA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:52. 1889.

USA: OREGON: DESCHUTES RIVER (HOWELL,T.J., 935. 09 MAY 1885)

F | 206585 | TYPE MATERIAL
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 25164 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 817087 | TYPE COLLECTION

12. ACUTIMELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:407. 1935.

USA: OREGON: -- (HENDERSON,L.F., 13. -- --- 1883)

US
27286
HOLOTYPE

13. ADUSTA VAR. GLOMERATA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:139. 1884.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: SALMON RIVER (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1872)

GH

SYNTYPE

14. AENEA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:480. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, FOREST HILLS HOUSE (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,C.E.,---. 23 JUN 1888)

GH

SYNTYPE

15. AEQUA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:86. 1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN MATEO CO.: SAN MATEO, CRYSTAL SPRINGS LAKE (BAKER,C.F., 811. 10 MAY 1902)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

16. AESTIVALIFORHIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:238. 1910.

USA: NEW JERSEY: PASSAIC CO.: GREENWOOD LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2676. 23 JUN 1907)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL

17. AESTIVALIS CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 42:28. 1841.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: -- (CURTIS,M.A., ---. -- JUL 1841)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL

18. AGGLOMERATA MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:442. 1906.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)

MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 440179 | TYPE COLLECTION

19. AGGREGATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)

NY

TYPE

20. AGROSTOIDES MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:607. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SOCORRO CO.: LUNA; ALT. 6500 FT. (WOOTON,E.O.,-- ---. 28 JUL 1900)

US | 617798 | TYPE
US | 694342 | TYPE

21. ALATA TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:396. 1836.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: CRAVEN CO.: NEW BERN (CROOM,H.B., ---.-- --- 1834)

NY

SYNTYPE

22. ALATA VAR. FERRUGINEA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:477, PL.2. 1902.

USA: OHIO: -- (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. --)

GH

HOLOTYPE

23. ALBIDA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SANTA ROSA CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- --- 1853-1854)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

24. ALBO-NIGRA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: PARK CO.: NEEDLE MOUNTAIN (CARY,M., 613. 11 JUL 1910)

US
858947
TYPE COLLECTION

25. ALMA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:50. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: - (PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G., 396. -- --- 1876)

CAS | 497554 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | SOTYPE

26. ALOPECOIDEA TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 18. 1843.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., -- -. --)

F | 32699 | ISOTYPE
F | 32700 | ISOTYPE
F | 56916 | ISOTYPE
F | 349624 | ISOTYPE
F | 373673 | ISOTYPE
F | 373679 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

27. ALOPECOIDEA VAR. SPARSI-SPICATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:350. 1849.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., 74. ---)

CAS | 553879 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

28. AMPHIBOLA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND, T., 437. -- -)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

29. AMPHIBOLA VAR. TURGIDA FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 44:311. 1942.

USA: NEW YORK: TOMPKINS CO.: ITHACA (WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C., 1915. 15 JUN 1914)

GH

HOLOTYPE

30. AMPLISQUAMA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:158. 1955.

USA: GEORGIA: GILMER CO.: CHATSWORTH (PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R., 2951. 15 MAY 1938)

US
2231424
TYPE

31. ANGUSTIOR MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: - (STEELE,E.S., ---. -- --- 1896)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

32. ANGUSTIOR VAR. GRACILENTA CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., RHODORA 41:30. 1939.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: INGLEBY (CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., 2532. 06 JUN 1937)

GH

TYPE

33. ANTHOXANTHERA PRESL,K.B., REL. HAENK. 3:203. 1828.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)

US
865058
TYPE

34. APERTA BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: WASHINGTON: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

35. APERTA VAR. UMBROSA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12347. ---)

CAS
242962
ISOTYPE

36. APERTA VAR. VIRIDANS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12348. 15 SEP-23 OCT 1927)

CAS
242961
SYNTYPE

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12359. 23 OCT 1927)

CAS
242960
SYNTYPE

37. APODA CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:88, PL.2. 1922.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: MACKAY (NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F., 1533. 01 AUG 1911)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 905439 | HOLOTYPE

38. APOOOSTACHYA OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:188. 1934.

TAIWAN: -: MOUNT NANKO-TAISAN (OHWI,J., 4182. -- JUL 1933)

F
1464064
TYPE MATERIAL

39. AQUATILIS WAHLENBERG,G., KONGL. VETENSK. ACAD. NYA HANDL. 24:165. 1803.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

40. AQUATILIS VAR. SUBSTRICTA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:309. 1909.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)

CAS | 554019 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION

41. ARAPAHOENSIS CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:83. 1919.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: MOUNT ARAPAHOE; ALT. 11700 FT. (CLOKEY,I.W., 3227. 29 JUL 1918)

CAS | 102030 | ISOTYPE
DS | 109019 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 905436 | HOLOTYPE

42. ARCTAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:97. 1931.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: ELGIN (HENRY,J.K., 9152. C4 JUN 1915)

NY

TYPE

43. ARCTICA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

44. ARGYRANTHA TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 29:346. 1860.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: AMHERST (TUCKERMAN,E., -----)-

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE

45. ARISTATA VAR. LONGO-LANCEOLATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: BAD LANDS (“MAUVAIS TERRES”) (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. -- --- 1853)

GH

HOLOTYPE

46. ARSENII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

MEXICO: MICHOACAN: MORELIA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 3054. 16 JUL 1909)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1030011 | TYPE COLLECTION

47. ARTITECTA VAR. SUBTILIROSTRIS HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:79. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: VERMILLION CO.: CLINTON (DEAM,C.C., 54764. 05 MAY 1934)

GH

HOLOTYPE

48. ASSINIBOINENSIS BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:91. 1884.

CANADA: MANITOBA: ASSINIBOINE RAPIDS (MACOUN,JOHN, 52. 14 JUN 1879)

GH

SYNTYPE

49. ATHABASCENSIS HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:111. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, ATHABASCA RIVER, ATHABASCA FALLS (HERMANN,F.J., 13498. 28 AUG 1956)

US
2265958
HOLOTYPE

50. ATHROSTACHYA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:393. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6213. 17 JUN 1863)

NY |  | SYNTYPE
US | 319165 | SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1650. 17 JUN 1863)

MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

51. ATRACTODES HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:283. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: COMITAN (SHARP,A.J., 45450. 29 APR 1945)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2133192 | TYPE

52. ATROFUSCA VAR. OECOLORATA PORSILD,A. E., SARGENTIA 4:20. 1943.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE, CAPE MCDONNELL (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 5120. 02 AUG 1928)

US
2096188
ISOTYPE

53. ATROSQUAMA MACKENZIE,K.K., PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 25:51. 1912.

CANADA: ALBERTA: SMOKY RIVER (HOLLISTER,N., 14. 05 AUG 1911)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 622651 | HOLOTYPE

54. AUREA VAR. ANDROGYNA OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 371. 1871.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)

NY

ISOTYPE

55. AUROLENSIS STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 431. -- ---1832)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

56. AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. --)

MO
1834152
HOLOTYPE

57. AUSTROMONTANA PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:108, PL.15. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: MILL CREEK FALLS; ALT. 6000 FT. (PARISH,S.B., 2485. 03 JUL 1892)

DS
489410
HOLOTYPE

58. AUTUMNALIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:66. 1931.

MEXICO: MEXICO: FLOR DE MARIA (PRINGLE,C.G., 4275. 03 OCT 1892)

F | 264169 | ISOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
US | 817295 | HOLOTYPE

59. AZTECICA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:229. 1935.

MEXICO: OAXACAi SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 2300 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION

60. AZUAYAE STEYERMARK,J.A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:337. 1964.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53105. 15 JUN 1943)

F | 1266184 | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1933437 | ISOTYPE

-B-

61. BACKANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:250. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51'N., 106 13'W.) (RICHARDSON,J., 417. ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

62. BACKII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:210. 1839 (“1840”).

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

63. BALTZELLII CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:335. 1847.

USA: FLORIDA: BEAR CREEK (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)

NY

COTYPE

64. BAMBUSETORUM MERRILL,E.D., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 13:132. 1918.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (MERRILL,E.D., 10985. 12 AUG 1917)

US
2333748
ISOTYPE

65. BANKSII BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:119. 1846.

ARGENTINA: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TERRITORY): TIERRA DEL FUEGO (BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER,D.C., ---. -- --- 1769)

MO | 1611724 | SYNTYPE
US | 1232938 | SYNTYPE

66. BARBARAE DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):231. 1859.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SANTA BARBARA (PARRY,C.C., ---. -- --- 1850)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

67. BARRATTII SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY.J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:361. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAPE MAY CO.: CAPE MAY (COLLINS,Z., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

68. BARTLETTII O’NEILL,H.T., PUBL. CARNEGIE INST. WASH. 522:255. 1940.

BRITISH HONDURAS: CAYO: MOUNT PINE RIDGE (BARTLETT,H.H., 11718A. 24 FEB 1931)

F | 999642 | TYPE MATERIAL
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

69. BAYARDI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:71. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22 JUN 1936)

GH

HOLOTYPE

70. BILTMOREANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:234. 1910.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: SATULA MOUNTAIN (---, 268B. 25 MAY 1897)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

71. BIPARTITA VAR. AUSTRONONTANA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:16. 963.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: NEDERLAND, NOWIT RIDGE; ALT. 11500 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 17059. 15 AUG 1961)

CAS
430881
ISOTYPE

72. BONANZENSIS BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:160. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 8 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

73. BONPLANOII VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., PROC. ACAD. NAT. SCI. PHILADELPHIA 1863:77. 1863.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 591. -- ---1862)

F | 314869 | ISOTYPE
F | 456934 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE

74. BRACHYPODA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1455. 11 SEP 1902)

US
415269
TYPE COLLECTION

75. BRAINEROII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:534. 1913.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SLIPPERY FORD (BRAINERD,E., 121. 19 JUL 1897)

US
964504
TYPE COLLECTION

76. BREVICAULIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:547. 1913.

USA: OREGON: LINCOLN CO.: YAQUINA BAY (HOWELL,T.J., 2994. --- MAY 1886)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

77. BREVIS BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:111. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): OWEN STANLEY RANGE, MOUNT ALBERT EDWARD; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 4418. -- MAY-JUL 1933)

A

ISOTYPE

78. BREVISQUAMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:152. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: SWEETWATER CO.: RED DESERT, ORENDO BUTTE (NELSON,A., 7124. 11 JUN 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

79. BREWER BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:142, PL.455. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (BREWER,W.H., 1422. -- ---1863)

GH

ISOTYPE

80. BRONGNIARTII VAR. DENSA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:137. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARK WEST CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- -. -- 1853-1854)

NY

SYNTYPE

81. BRUNNEA VAR. SUBTEIOGYNA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8 1910

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), MOUNT PULOG (MERRILL,E.D., 6505. -- MAY 1909)

US
711129
TYPE

82. BUCKLEYI DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:143. 1845.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---.--- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

83. BULBOSTYLIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:617. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: FORT WORTH (RUTH,A., 360. 12 APR 1913)

MO | 710112 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 587668 | TYPE COLLECTION

84. BURCHELLIAMA BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:234. 1877.

SOUTH AFRICA: --: -- (BURCHELL,W.J., 1911. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

85. BUSHII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:241. 1910.

USA: ARKANSAS: HEMPSTEAD CO.: FULTON (BUSH,B.F., 2514. 30 APR 1905)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-C-

86. CAESARIENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:440. 1935.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAMDEN CO.: LAUREL SPRINGS (LONG,B., F23212. 15 JUN 1920)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

87. CALIFORNICA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4741. 01 MAY 1866)

CAS | 383776 | TYPE COLLECTION
DS | 49734 | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 29741 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 319268 | TYPE COLLECTION

88. CAMPLYOCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:304. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1457. 11 SEP 1902)

US
690937
TYPE COLLECTION

89. CAMPYLOCARPA SSP. AFFINIS MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., LEAFL. W. BOT. 4:262. 1946.

USA: UTAH: JUAB CO.: DEEP CREEK RANGE, INDIAN FARM CREEK (MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., 21947. 16 JUL 1943)

CAS | 334353 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 1885701 | ISOTYPE

90. CANESCENS VAR. OISJUNCTA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:488, PL.5. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: VICTORIA CO.: SERPENTINE RIVER (HAY,G.U., 84. 24 JUL 1900)

GH

PARATYPE

91. CANESCENS VAR. DUBIA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:119. 1884.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER CANYON; ALT. 10000 FT. (WATSON,S., 1231A. -- AUG 1869)

NY

ISOTYPE

92. CANESCENS VAR. SPHAEROSTACHYA TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 19. 1843.

USA: --: NEW ENGLAND (---, --. -- ---1843)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

93. CAREYANA TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:60. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: CAYUGA CO.: AUBURN (CAREY,J., ---. -- MAY 1832)

NY

HOLOTYPE

94. CAROLINIANA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

95. CEPHALOPHORA VAR. MAXIMA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 3:92.1842.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE

96. CHALCIOLEPIS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:21,28. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 226. -- AUG 1899)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE
US | 368814 | SYNTYPE

97. CHAPMANI SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 19:254. 1855.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., 113. ---)

CAS | 553918 | ISOTYPE
US | 28433 | ISOTYPE

98. CHIAPENSIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 19:68. 1967.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: CHAMULA (BREEDLOVE,D.E., 6714. 30 JUL 1964)

F | 1620435 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2460272 | HOLOTYPE

99. CHIHUAHUAENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:265 1908.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: PUERTA DE ST. DIEGO; ALT. 6500 FT. (HARTMAN,C.V., 620. 12 APR 1891)

F | 49642 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 306281 | ISOTYPE

100. CHIKUNGANA BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: HUPEH AND HONAN: CHIKUNGSHAN (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 13 JUN 1917)

NY

TYPE

101. CILIARIS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: LENA STATION (PRINGLE,C.G., 10039. 26 AUG 1905)

CAS | 232050 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 445943 | ISOTYPE
F | 202021 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 462090 | ISOTYPE

102. CINNAMOMEA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: RED MOUNTAIN (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. --- ---1866)

CAS | 553874 | TYPE FRAGMENT
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 28457 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 319228 | TYPE COLLECTION

103. CIRCINNATA MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:209, PL.6. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDSt UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. --- )

GH

ISOTYPE

104. CLADOSTACHYA VAR. MAXIMA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:268. 1909.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2210. ---)

US
350077
TYPE COLLECTION

105. CLIVICOLA FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A., RHODORA 33:233. 1931.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: MOUNT SAINT PIERRE (FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L., 2411. 05 JUL 1931)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 1839933 | ISOTYPE

106. COLLECTA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:314. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: WORTHINGTON (DEWEY,C.,---. -- )

GH

HOLOTYPE

107. COLUMBIANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:62. 1836.

USA: --: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. --- )

NY

HOLOTYPE

108. COMANS VAR. STRICTA CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 24:415. 1892.

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, LAKE TEKAPO; ALT. 250P FT. (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)

US
2038822
TYPE COLLECTION

109. COMMUNIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:41. 1889.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 108. -- --- 1848)

CAS
553913
SYNTYPE

110. CONCINNOIOES MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:440. 1906.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: COLUMBIA FALLS (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 07 JUN 1893)

NY

TYPE

111. CONFERTIFLORA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. -- JUN 1855)

US
27235
TYPE MATERIAL

112. CONJUNCTA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:122, PL.392. 1862.

USA: OHIO: FRANKLIN CO.: COLUMBUS (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. ---)

CAS | 383550 | SYNTYPE
GH |  | SYNTYPE

113. CONSPECTA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:294. 1935.

MEXICO: PUEBLA: PUEBLA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 1359. 01 AUG 1907)

US
1032323
HOLOTYPE

114. COMSTANCEANA STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:123. 1938.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADOO”), WODEN VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 6864. 16 AUG 1909)

CAS | 242987 | HOLOTYPE
DS | 269649 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

115. CONVOLUTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:428. 1916.

USA: NEW JERSEY: MORRIS CO.: BUDD’S LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2088., 10 JUN 1906)

NY

TYPE

116. COOLEYI DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:144. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

117. COSTATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: NORTHAMPTON CO.: EASTON (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---, ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

118. CRANDALLII GANDOGER,M., BULL. SOC. BOT. FRANCE 66:295. 1920.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: GRAYS PEAK (JONES,M.E., 834. 28 AUG 1878)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

119. CRAWFORDII FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:469, PL.l. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: COOS CO.: MOUNT WASHINGTON, BETWEEN MARSHFIELD AND CRAWFORDS (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 06 JUL 1878)

GH

SYNTYPE

120. CRAWFORDII VAR. VIGENS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:470, PL.l. 1902.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: EAST GASPE (MACOUN,JOHN, 6. 01 AUG 1882)

GH

SYNTYPE

121. CREBRIFLORA WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 24:197. 1922.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: APPALACHICOLA RIVER, CHATTAHOOCHEE (CURTISS,A.H., 3267. -- SEP 1882)

F | 26304 | TYPE MATERIAL
GH |  | TYPE
NY |  | TYPE

122. CRINITA VAR. BREVICRINIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 48:54. 1946.

USA: VIRGINIA: DINWIDDIE CO.: ROWANTA (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 8143. 08 JUN 1938)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 278555 | ISOTYPE

123. CRINITA VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 1:18. 1858.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 78. ---)

CAS
553883
TYPE COLLECTION

124. CRINITA VAR. SIMULANS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. PORTLAND SOC. NAT. HIST. 2:135. 1897.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: GREENVILLE (FERNALD,M.L., 264. 04 JUL 1894)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
US | 278555 | SYNTYPE

125. CRISTATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: -- (---, ---. --- )

GH

ISOTYPE

126. CRUS-CORVI SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G., SUPPL. SCHKUHR’S RIEDGR. 128, PL.32. 1844.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 432. -- --- 1832)

GH

ISOTYPE

127. CRUS-CORVI VAR. VIRGINIANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 39:393, PL.476. 1937.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22-23 JUN 1936)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO | 1108572 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1682487 | ISOTYPE

128. CRYPTOLEPIS MACKENZIE,K.K., TORREYA 14:157. 1914.

USA: NEW JERSEY: SUSSEX CO.: WHITE POND (MACKENZIE,K.K., 4645. 26 JUN 1910)

NY

TYPE

129. CUBENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:220. 1926.

CUBA: ORIENTE: PICO TURGUINO (EKMAN,E.L., 14506. 21 JUL 1922)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1302602 | TYPE COLLECTION

130. CUBENSIS VAR. FLACCIDA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926.

HAITI: --: -- (EKMAN,E.L., ---. 08 AUG 1925)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

131. CUCHUMATANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:62. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA; ALT. 3400-3500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48347. 07 JUL 1942)

F
1128952
HOLOTYPE

132. CULMENICOLA STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:65, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, EASTERN PEAK; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62605. 06 MAY 1945)

F
1266170
HOLOTYPE

133. CUMULATA FOR. SOLUTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:285. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: QUEENS CO.: BROAD RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H., 20311. 16 AUG 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

134. CUNEATA OHWI,J., MEM. COLL. SCI. KYOTO IMP. UNIV., SER.B, BIOL. 6:256. 1931.

JAPAN: AOMORI (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), AOMORI (KINASHI,N., ---. -- JUL 1909)

F
1406416
TYPE MATERIAL

135. CURATORIUM STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:13. 1937.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK, KAIBAB TRAIL TO ROARING SPRINGS (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 1101. 23 JUN 1933)

CAS | 204973 | SYNTYPE
CAS | 204974 | SYNTYPE

136. CUSICKII MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 72. 1915.

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)

NY

SYNTYPE

-D-

137. OANAENSIS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:166. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14546. 11 AUG 1938)

CAS | 259874 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 259875 | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1765700 | ISOTYPE

138. DAVYI MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:606. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: TRUCKEE RIVER (BURT-DAVY,J., 3266. 25-30 JUN 1897)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
JEPS | 2511 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 50814 | HOLOTYPE

139. X DEANII HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:81. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: PIKE CO.: OTWELL (HERMANN,F.J., 6147. 05 JUL 1934)

F
751055
ISOTYPE

140. DEBILIFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:244. 1910.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: -- (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. -- - -- 1866)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

141. OEBILIS VAR. INTERCURSA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:307, PL.713. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: ORION (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12016. 13 JUN 1940)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 2003164 | ISOTYPE

142. DEBILIS VAR. PUBERA GRAY,A., MAN. BOT. ED.5, 593. 1867.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: BEAR MEADOWS (PORTER,T.C., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

143. OEVIA CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 15:301. 1883.

NEW ZEALAND: NELSON (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, NELSON (CHEESEMAN,T.F., 83. -- JAN 1882)

GH

ISOTYPE

144. DEWEYANA VAR. COLLECTANEA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 15:93. 1913.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: CASCAPEDIA RIVER, GRAND CASCAPEDIA (WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.,---. 12-15 JUL 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

145. OEWEYANA VAR. SPARSIFLORA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: OREGON: MARION CO.: SALEM (HALL,E., 580. -- --- 1871)

F | 455703 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 1429766 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

146. DIGITALIS VAR. ASYMMETRICA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:544. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: APPLEWHITE CHURCH (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 11791. 08 MAY 1940)

CAS | 336835 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO | 1306423 | ISOTYPE
US | 2003133 | ISOTYPE

147. DIGITALIS VAR. GLAUCA CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 541. 1860.

USA: FLORIDA: MIDDLE FLORIDA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. -- --- 1842)

NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 969118 | TYPE COLLECTION

148. DIGITALIS VAR. MACROPODA FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 40:400, PL.511. 1938.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: -- (FERNALD,M.L. ANO LONG,B., 7767. 08 APR 1938)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO | 1129747 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1761151 | ISOTYPE

149. OIVERSISTYLIS ROACH,A.W., MADRONO 11:277. 1952.

USA: OREGON: LINN CO.: CLEAR LAKE JUNCTION (ROACH,A.W., 202. 10 JUN 1949)

CAS
372834
ISOTYPE

150. DONNELL-SMITHII BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

GUATEMALA: ALTA VERAPAZ: PANSAMALA; ALT. 3800 FT. (SMITH,J.D. ANO TURCKHEIM,H., 659. -- JUN 1885)

US
817314
TYPE COLLECTION

151. OOUGLASII VAR. DENSISPICATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:41. 1861.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., 580. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

152. DUDLEYI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:30. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: TASSAJARA HOT SPRINGS (ELMER,A.D.E., 3132. --- JUN 1901)

DS | 145619 | HOLOTYPE
DS | 629609 | ISOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

153. X DUMANII LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:143, FIG.4. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: VIEUX-COMPTOIR (LEPAGE,E., 32078. 30 JUL 1954)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2176489 | ISOTYPE

154. DURANDII BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:189. 1896.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3376. 19 JAN 1891)

CAS | 351155 | ISOTYPE
US | 579795 | TYPE MATERIAL

155. DUR IFOLIA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

156. DUTILLYI O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M., RHODORA 43:413, PL.669. 1941.

CANADA: MANITOBA: CHURCHILL RIVER, CHURCHILL (DUMAN,M., 1506. 08 AUG 1938)

GH

ISOTYPE

-E-

157. EASTWOOOIANA STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:121. 1938.

USA: OREGON: GRANT CO.: DIXIE MOUNTAIN ( HENDERSON,L. F., 5583. 25 JUL 1925)

CAS | 130386 | HOLOTYPE
DS | 144009 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE

158. EBENEA RYDBERG,P.A., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 28:266. 1901.

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: PIKES PEAK (CLEMENTS,F.,---. -- --- 1900)

NY

TYPE

159. ECHINATA VAR. ORMANTHA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:483, PL.4. 1902.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, STRAWBERRY CREEK (BRAINERD,E., 160. 18 JUL 1897)

GH

HOLOTYPE

160. EGGERTII BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:6. 1896.

USA: MISSOURI: BUTLER CO.: - - (EGGERT,H., ---. 08 AUG 1893)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

161. EGGLESTONII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:614. 1915.

USA: COLORADO: GUNNISON CO.: MOUNT CARBON, KEBLER PASS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6181. 22 AUG 191C)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 857864 | TYPE

162. EGGLESTONII VAR. FESTIVELLIFORNIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 12:78. 1960.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (SCHNEIDER,R.A., 954. 25 JUL 1938)

US
2466328
HOLOTYPE

163. EGREGIA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:414. 1915.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5181. 15 JUL 1905)

DS | 284598 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

164. EKHANII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926. HAITI: OUEST: PETIONVILLE (EKMAN,E.L., H1453. 12 AUG 1924)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 1411790 | COTYPE

165. EKHANII VAR. HOTTENSIS KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L., ARK. BOT. 22A(17):9. 1929.

HAITI:. --: MORNE CALUMETTE; ALT. 1200-1300 M. (EKMAN,E.L., H10662. 14 SEP 1928)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1414090 | TYPE COLLECTION

166. ELBERTANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 31:3. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: LAKE CO.: MOUNT ELBERT (KELSO,L., 4967. CI AUG 1945)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

167. ELEOCHARIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: SASKATCHEWAN PLAINS (MACOUN,JOHN, 1665. 12 AUG 1872)

GH

ISOTYPE

168. ELMERI KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), BAGUIO (ELMER,A.D.E., 8444. -- MAR 1907)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 854950 | TYPE MATERIAL

169. ELRODI JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:70. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: BEAVERHEAD CO.: MONIDA (JONES,M.E., -- ---. 08 JUL 1909)

DS | 149706 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1531248 | TYPE MATERIAL

170. ELYNOIDES HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 9:356. 1900.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK; ALT. 12000 FT. (BAKER,C.F., 230. -- AUG 1899)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 368818 | TYPE COLLECTION

171. ENGELMANNI BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:132. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: MOUNT FLORA, “PROBABLY NEAR COLORADO SPRINGS” (ENGELMANN,G., ---. -- --- 1874)

GH

HOLOTYPE

172. EPAPILLOSA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 138, 1060. 1917.

USA: UTAH: PIUTE CO.: MARYSVALE (JONES,M.E., 5345. 01 JUN 1874)

MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 270933 | ISOTYPE

173. EREMOSTACHYA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:99. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 10255. -- OCT 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

174. ERXLEBENIANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 51:1. 1950.

USA: COLORADO: GILPIN CO.: ROLLINSVILLE (KELSO,L., 6362. 24 JUL 1948)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

175. EURYCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1284. 26 JUN 1886)

CAS
242957
SYNTYPE

176. EURYCARPA VAR. ATTENUATA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 11551. 21 AUG 1924)

CAS
246772
TYPE COLLECTION

177. EURYSTACHYA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:109. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, MOUNT EDITH CAVELL, CAVELL LAKE (HERMANN,F.J., 13529. 28 AUG 1956)

CAS | 401490 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2265959 | HOLOTYPE

178. EXPLORATORUM NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 108. 1938.

MALAYSIA: SABAH (TERRITORY): MOUNT KINABALU; ALT. 4000 FT.; (COUNTRY AS “BORNEO”) (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 34297. 28 JUL 1933)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

179. X EXSALINA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:133. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PIAGOCHIWI RIVER (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32793. 29 AUG 1954)

US
2176495
ISOTYPE

-F-

180. FARGESII FRANCHET,A., BULL. SOC. PHILOM. PARIS SER.8, 7:34. 1895.

CHINA: SZECHWAN: TCHEN-KEOU-TIN (FARGES,R.P., ---. ---)

NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 1123660 | ISOTYPE

181. FELIPENSIS CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:84. 1908.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4838. 25 AUG 1894)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

182. FENOLERIANA BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 39:135. 1875.

USA: NEW MEXICO: -- (FENDLER,A., 878. -- --- 1847)

MO | 1816497 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE

183. FESTIVA OEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE (“BEAR LAKE”) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

184. FESTIVA VAR. DECUHBENS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:20,26. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. --- AUG 1899)

F | 122779 | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

185. FESTIVA VAR, STRICTA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:51. 1889

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073. -- --- 1868-1869)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

186. FESTIVELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:609. 1915.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: --- (NELSON,A., 3275. 02 JUL 1897)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

187. FETA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:417. 1893.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE SPRING (BOLANDER,H.N., 50. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

188. FILIFOLIA VAR. EROSTRATA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENF 4, FAM.20:86. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: ECHO LAKE (BRAINERD,E., 111. 11 JUL 1897)

GH

ISOTYPE

189. FISSA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:64. 1931.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CREEK CO.: SAPULPA (BUSH,B.F., 1043. 18 MAY 1895)

MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

190. FISSA VAR. ARISTATA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 67:198. 1965.

USA: FLORIDA: SEMINOLE CO.: OVIEDO (RAY,J.D.; WOOD,CE.; SMITH,A.C AND EATON,R.J., 10750. 26 APR 1961)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2449506 | ISOTYPE

191. FISSURICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:53. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: RUBY MOUNTAINS, HUMBOLDT RIVER (HELLER,A.A., 9429. 11 AUG 1908)

CAS
234898
ISOTYPE

192. FLACCIOULA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:199. 1855.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., 55. -- ---1835)

NY

TYPE

193. FLACCIFOLIA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SOUTHWEST (PART) (GRANT,G.B., ---. 01 MAY 1902)

US
468192
TYPE

194. FLACCOSPERMA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:245. 1846.

USA: FLORIDA: CAMP SABINE (LEAVENWORTH,M.C., ---. -- --- 1846)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

195. FLAVA VAR. GASPENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:200. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: BONAVENTURE RIVER, BETWEEN BALDE AND BAIE DES CHALEURS (COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S., ---. 05-08 AUG 1904)

GH

HOLOTYPE

196. FLAVA VAR. RECTIROSTRA GAUDIN,J.F.G.P., FL. HELV. 6:97. 1830.

SWITZERLAND: VALAIS (CANTON): ZERMATT (---, ---. -- AUG 1827)

GH

ISOTYPE

197. FOENEA VAR. PERPLEXA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:27. 1889

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1871)

GH

ISOTYPE

198. FORMOSA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER. 1, 8:98. 1824.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)

CAS | 102307 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 383156 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE

199. FRACTA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:38. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 23 AUG 1881)

US
817810
HOLOTYPE

200. FRANKLINII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:217, PL.218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. ---)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

201. FULVESCENS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:239. 1910.

ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON: --: MIQUELON (ISLAND), LANGLADE (ARSENE,L.(FRERE),---. 28 JUL 1902)

NY

TYPE

202. FUSCOLUTEA BOECKELER,J.O., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 7:278. 1886.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: --- (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 221. -- --- 1877)

NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 397187 | TYPE COLLECTION

203. FUSCOTINCTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:478. 1909. MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)

NY |  | TYPE
US | 251773 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 817237 | TYPE COLLECTION

-G-

204. GARBERI FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 37:253. 1935.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 63525 | TYPE MATERIAL

205. GARBERI VAR. BIFARIA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 37:253. 1935.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: WEST GASPE, SAINTE ANNE DES MONTS (COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03-17 AUG 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

206. GAYANA VAR. HYALINA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:135. 1886 (“1887”).

MEXICO: SONORA: SONORA (THURBER,G., 652. ---)

NY

TYPE

207. GEOPHILA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:546. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6584. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911)

US
660800
TYPE

208. GEYERI BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:118. 1846.

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (GEYER,C.A., 332. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

209. GLAREOSA VAR. AHPHIGENA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:47. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: ESCUMINAC BAY,ESCUMINAC FERNALD,M.L., ---. 28 JUN 1904)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

210. GLAUCODEA TUCKERMAN.E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395. 1868.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: MOUNT HOLYOKE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. -- JUN 1864)

GH

ISOTYPE

211. GRACILIOR MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:614. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE (BOLANDER,H.N., 3822. -- APR 1864)

CAS | 103033 | ISOTYPE
DS | 145620 | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
US | 319177 | ISOTYPE

212. GRACILLIMA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: -- (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

213. GRIFFITHII BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:138. 1846. AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITH,W., 78(KEW 6074). ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

214. GRISEA VAR. RIGIDA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: BUCKS CO.: SELLERSVILLE (FRETZ,C.O., ---. -- --- 1884)

GH

HOLOTYPE

215. GUATEMALENSIS HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 23:145. 1971.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJIAH ANO CHEMAL; ALT. 3380 M. (BEAMAN,J.H., 3880. 31 JUL 1960)

GH

HOLOTYPE

216. GYMNOCLADA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:424. 1902.

USA: OREGON: HURRICANE CREEK; BOGS AT 6000 FT. (CUSICK,W.C., 2487. 28 AUG 1900)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | ISOTYPE

217. GYNODYNAMA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4700. -- ---1866)

CAS | 383986 | ISOTYPE
DS | 49500 | ISOTYPE
DS | 490408 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

-H-

218. HAGIANA KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 30:2. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: HAGUES PEAKS (KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H., 525. 08 AUG 1936)

CAS
328017
ISOTYPE

219. HALEI DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: MISSISSIPPI RIVER (LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D., 683. ---)

NY

SYNTYPE

220. HALLIANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:117. 1884.

USA: OREGON: --- (HALL,E., 606. ----------- 1871)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

221. HALLII OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V., ANN. REP. U.S. GEOL. SURV. TERR. 5:496. 1872.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 617. -- --- 1862)

F | 314892 | SYNTYPE
F | 456958 | SYNTYPE
GH |  | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE
US | 29651 | SYNTYPE

USA: IDAHO: PLEASANT VALLEY (PORTER,T.C., ---. 26-29 JUN 1871)

NY

SYNTYPE

222. HALSEYANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:313. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E.,---.---)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

223. HARFORDII MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:615. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073.-- --- 1868-869)

NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 28685 | ISOTYPE

224. HARPERI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:181. 1906.

USA: GEORGIA: JEFFERSON CO.: LOUISVILLE, ROCKY COMFORT CREEK (HARPER,R.M., 2109. 09 APR 1904)

F | 176870 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

225. HASSEI BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, SAN ANTONIO CANYON; ALT. 4500 FT. (HASSE,H.E., ---. -- JUL 1894)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

226. HATUSIMANA OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:196. 1934.

TAIWAN: FUKIEN: KAOHSIUNG (“TAKAO”), DAIJURIN (OHWI,J., 329. -- MAR 1933)

F
1411493
TYPE MATERIAL

227. HAYDENIANA OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 366. 1871.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (BOLANDER,H.N., 5074. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

228. HAYDENII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:103. 1854.

USA: SOUTH DAKOTA: STANLEY CO.: FORT PIERRE (HAYDEN,F.V., 21.-- --- 1853-1854)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

229. HEBETATA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:172, PL.583. 1867.

PERU: LIMA: OBRAGILIA, NEAR LIMA (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED.,---.-- --- 1838-1842)

GH

HOLOTYPE

230. HELLERI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:80. 1922.

USA: NEVADA: WASHOE CO.: MOUNT ROSE (HELLER,A.A., 9975. 23 JUL 1910)

F | 283119 | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE
US | 509004 | ISOTYPE

231. HEPBURNII BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:209, PL.207.1839 (“1840”).

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS, SOUTH PARK (DRUMMOND,T., 256.---)

GH

SYNTYPE

232. HETERONEURA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:239. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.03 AUG--- )

GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 28206 | TYPE COLLECTION

233. HETEROSTACHYA TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: MICHIGAN: CHIPPEWA CO.: DRUMMOND ISLAND (TORREY,J., 03 AUG 1839)

NY

TYPE

234. HINDSII VAR. BREVIGLUMA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:307. 1909.

USA: IDAHO: BONNER CO.: HOPE (SANDBERG,J.H., 933. 20 AUG 1892)

NY

ISOTYPE

235. HIRSUTA VAR. CUSPIDATA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 758.1861.

USA: ILLINOIS: -- (VASEY,G.,---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

236. HITCHCOCKIANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:274. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DAVIS,E.,---. -- --- 1823)

GH

HOLOTYPE

237. HOLMIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:481.1909.

USA: MONTANA: JOHN’S LAKE (VREELAND,F.K., 1121. 19 AUG 1901)

NY

TYPE

238. HOODII VAR. NERVOSA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:14. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)

CAS | 103098 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

239. HOODII VAR. NEUROCARPA PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:167.1906.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)

CAS | 103098 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

240. HOOKERANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:248. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

241. HORMATHODES FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:165. 1906.

USA: RHODE ISLAND: PROVIDENCE CO.: PROVIDENCE (OLNEY,S.T., ---. 01 JUL 1867)

GH

SYNTYPE

242. HORNSCHUCHIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.,RHODORA 13:130. 1911.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

243. HOSTIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K,M., RHODORA 26:122. 1924.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

244. HOUGHTONIANA TORREY, J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MINNESOTA: CLEARWATER CO.: LAKE ITASCA (“LAKE LA BICHE, NEAR SOURCES OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER”) (HOUGHTON,D., ---. 13 JUL 1832)

NY

HOLOTYPE

245. HUEHUETECA STANOLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER. 23:195. 1947.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CANANA; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 49055. 18 JUL 1942)

F
1128957
HOLOTYPE

246. HYMENODON OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:298. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), OSAWAMURA IN SHIMOTSUKE (SEKIMOTO,H., ---. 15 JUL 1932)

F
1463659
TYPE MATERIAL

-I-

247. ICHANGENSIS CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:290. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 7860. -- --- 1885-1888)

US
802160
TYPE MATERIAL

248. IDAHOA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: IDAHO: BEAVER CANYON (RYDBERG,P.A., 2339. 07 AUG 1895)

US | 235568 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 235569 | TYPE COLLECTION

249. IGNOTA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:348. 1849.

USA: LOUISIANA: RAPIDES PARISH: ALEXANDRIA (HALE,D., 97. ---)

CAS | 553902 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

250. ILLINOEMSIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:245. 1847.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

251. ILLOTA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:15. 1889.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 591. --- ---1862)

F | 314869 | ISOTYPE
F | 456934 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE

252. INCISO-DENTATA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:189. 1855.

CHILE: --: --.( LECHLER, W., 1136. -- OCT 1852)

GH

ISOTYPE

253. INCOMPERTA BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:494. 1908.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: NANTUCKET CO.: NANTUCKET ISLAND (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 20 JUN 1908)

NY

TYPE

254. INCONDITA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:112. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: RAM RIVER, NORDEGG (HERMANN,F.J., 13347. 15 AUG 1956)

CAS | 404489 | ISOTYPE
US | 2265956 | HOLOTYPE

255. INCURVIFORHIS MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT.120, 1060. 1917.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF; ALT. 8000 FT. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 JUL 1891)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

256. INFLATA VAR. ANTICOSTENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:329, PL.715.1942.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ANTICOSTI ISLAND, PETITES-RIVIERES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FRERE), 25767. 20 JUL 1926)

GH

HOLOTYPE

257. INOPS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:126. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HENDERSON,L.F., --- --. --- JUL 1884)

CAS | 203910 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

258. INTEGRA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:608. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: SUMMIT; ALT. 7000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 9841. 16 JUL 1909)

NY

HOLOTYPE

259. INTERIMUS MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:200. 1944.

USA: UTAH: CACHE CO.: TONY GROVE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B., 16098. 05 AUG 1938)

CAS | 348506 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 1872574 | ISOTYPE

260. INTERIOR BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:426. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 36. --- --)

CAS | 553999 | ISOTYPE
MO | 1816496 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | ISOTYPE

261. INTERIOR VAR. CHARLESTONENSIS CLOKEY,I.W.,BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 38:1. 1939.

USA: NEVADA: CLARK CO.: CHARLESTON PARK (CLOKEY,I.W., 7468. 19 JUN 1937)

CAS | 272528 | ISOTYPE
CA | 272529 | ISOTYPE
OS | 27819 | ISOTYPE
F | 1076930 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
JEPS | 4013 | ISOTYPE
MO | 1148381 | ISOTYPE
MO | 1190731 | ISOTYPE
MO | 1201697 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 910020 | HOLOTYPE
US | 1733722 | ISOTYPE

262. INTERIOR VAR. JOSSELYNII FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:115. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: SAINT JOHN RIVER, FORT KENT (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 06 JUL 1904)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 605797 | ISOTYPE

263. INTERIOR VAR. KEHEENAWENSIS HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 25:19. 1941.

USA: MICHIGAN: KEWEENAW CO.: EAGLE HARBOR (HERMANN,F.J., 7985. 13 JUL 1936)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1697057 | ISOTYPE

264. INTERRUPTA VAR. DISTENTA KUKENTHAL, G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12333. 22 AUG-05 SEP 1927)

CAS
242959
TYPE COLLECTION

265. INTUHESCENS FOR. VENTRIOSA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:321, PL.713.1942.

USA: VERMONT: ADDISON CO.: RIPTON (BRAINERD,E., ---.19 JUL 1898)

GH

HOLOTYPE

266. INVOLUCRATELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:50. 1931.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: LAS CANOAS (PRINGLE,C.G., 3126. 08 JUL 1890)

F | 263394 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 30661 | TYPE COLLECTION

-J-

267. JACINTOENSIS PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:100, PL.16.1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: SAN JACINTO MOUNTAINS,TAMARACK VALLEY; ALT. 9000 FT. (HALL,H.M., 2483.--- JUL-AUG 1901)

DS
78003
HOLOTYPE

268. JACOBI-PETERI HULTEN,O.E.G., ACTA UNIV. LUND. N.S., 38:300, FIG.4.1942.

USA: ALASKA: TIN CITY (ANDERSON,J.P., 4871. 19 AUG 1938)

CAS
477664
ISOTYPE

269. JAMESII TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:398. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (JAMES,EDWIN,---. ---)

NY

HOLOTYPE

270. JAMESONI VAR. SUBFULVA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.8:7. 1910.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2376. ---)

US
825890
TYPE MATERIAL

271. JEPSONII HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:223. 1958.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS; ALT. 8800 FT. (JEPSON,W.L., 4477. 20 JUL 1911)

JEPS | 20008 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

272. JONESII BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:16. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 7000 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 22 JUL 1881)

NY

SYNTYPE

-K-

273. KALOIDES PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 13:332. 1881.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, CARRICK RANGE; ALT. 4000 FT. (PETRIE,D., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

274. KATAHOINENSIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:171, PL.32. 1901.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KATAHDIN, DEPOT POND (WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 16 JUL 1900)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1325047 | ISOTYPE

275. KAUAIENSIS KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:279. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KAUAI CO.: KAULUWEHI (ROCK,J.F., 9017. -- OCT 1909)

US
2074700
TYPE MATERIAL

276. KELLOGGII BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:240. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, “LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY” (KELLOGG,A., ---. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

277. KOKRNENSIS PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:206, PL.551. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 711. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926)

GH

ISOTYPE

278. KULINGANA BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: KIANGSI: KULING; ALT. 2500-3500 FT. (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 18 JUL 1917)

NY

TYPE

279. KURILENSIS OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 2:27. 1933.

USSR: RUSSIAN SFSR: SAKHALIN OBLAST: KURIL ISLANDS, SHIKOTAN (ISLAND), NOTORO; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (OHWI,J., 813. 11 AUG 1931)

F
1406403
TYPE MATERIAL

-L-

280. LACINIATA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:175, PL.594. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (RICH,WILLIAM, WILKES EXPED. 1241. -- --- 1838-1842)

NY

TYPE

281. LACUNARUM HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:316. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL (HELLER,A.A., 5797. 01 JUL 1902)

F | 129242 | SYNTYPE
F | 1566419 | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE
US | 430229 | SYNTYPE

282. LAEVI-CONICA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:47. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: BIG SIOUX RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

283. LAMPROCHLAMYS BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:104. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): MAFULU; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 5323. -- SEP-NOV 1933)

A

ISOTYPE

284. LANCIFOLIA CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:292. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: --(HENRY,A., 5467. ---)

US
801132
SYNTYPE

285. LANCIFRUCTUS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:607. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TULARE CO.: UPPER KERN RIVER, VOLCANO CREEK (HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D., 5472. -- JUL 1904)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 127723 | HOLOTYPE

286. LANGEANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:217. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GARGAMELLE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1374. 20 JUL 1929)

F | 1481645 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE

287. LARENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:66, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: LARA: BETWEEN BUENOS AIRES AND PARAMO DE LAS ROSAS (STEYERMARK,J.A., 55470. 11 FEB 1944)

F | 55470 | HOLOTYPE
US | 1932015 | ISOTYPE

288. LARICINA MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J., TRILLIA 9:4,19. 1930.

USA: INDIANA: KOSCIUSKO CO.: LEESBURG (DEAM,C.C., 10927. 05 JUN 1912)

NY

TYPE

289. LASIOCARPA VAR. AMERICANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:304. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: ARGYLE (PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B., 20519. 09 JUL 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

290. LATEBRACTEATA WATERFALL,U.T., RHODORA 56:23. 1954.

USA: OKLAHOMA: MCCURTAIN CO.: BROKEN BOW (WATERFALL,U.T., 11380. 19 APR 1953)

CAS | 384438 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO | 1692174 | ISOTYPE

291. LAXIFLORA VAR. LEPTONERVIA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:184. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (FERNALD,M.L., 146. 06 JUL 1893)

F | 267758 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

292. LAXIFLORA VAR. SERRULATA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:80. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: CLARK CO.: -- (DEAM,C.C., 6458. 25 MAY 1910)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

293. LEAVENWORTHII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:246. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: -- (LEAVENWORTH,M.C.,--- ----- 1845)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

294. LEIOCARPA MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:208, PL.5. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: SITKA (MERTENS,C.H.,---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

295. LEIOPHYLLA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:365. 1935.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: CARCROSS (EASTWOOD,A., 725A. 16 JUL 1914)

CAS | 102481 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 538796 | HOLOTYPE

296. LEMANNIANA VAR. SIMPLEX KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:405. 1909.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3381. 19 JAN 1891)

CAS
264341
SYNTYPE

297. LEMMONI BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:93. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE (LEMMON,J.G., ---. --- --- 1875)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 29211 | TYPE COLLECTION

298. LENTICULARIS VAR. PAULLIFRUCTUS KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGIER,H.G. A.,PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:308. 1909.

USA: WASHINGTON: WHITMAN CO.: PALOUSE CREEK (ELMER,A.D.E., 881. -- JUN 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

299. LEPORINA VAR. AMERICANA OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:152. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)

F | 455706 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

300. LEPORINELLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:605. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: PYRAMID PEAK (HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A., 4716. 01-02 AUG 1903)

DS | 490443 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 55234 | HOLOTYPE

301. LEPTOPODA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: OSWEGO, ELK ROCK (HELLER,A.A., 10052. 20 MAY 1910)

CAS | 186427 | ISOTYPE
DS | 13923 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

302. LIMNOPHILA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:28. 1956.

USA: WYOMING: SUBLETTE CO.: PINEDALE (HERMANN,F.J., 12252. 21 AUG 1955)

US
2231577
HOLOTYPE

303. LIVIOA VAR. RUFINAEFORNIS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 28:8. 1926.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: STRAIT OF BELLE ISLE, FOUR-MILE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B., 27673. 20 JUL 1925)

GH

HOLOTYPE

304. LONGICRURIS VAR. HENRYI CLARKE, C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:295. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 4266. ---)

US
800846
SYNTYPE

305. LONGICULNIS PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 14:363.1882.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTHLAND SUBDIVISION: STEWART ISLAND, PATTERSONS INLET (PETRIE,D., ---. -- JAN 1880)

GH

ISOTYPE

306. LONGIROSTRIS VAR. MICROCYSTIS BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:241.1877.

CANADA: MANITOBA: WINNIPEG (BOURGEAU,E.,---.-- --- 1857-1859)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

307. LUNELLIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:615. 1915.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: OAK GROVE (BUSH,B.F., 7020. 02 JUN 1913)

NY

TYPE

308. LUZULAEFOLIA VAR. STROBILANTHA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:305. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: DONNER PASS; ALT. 7500 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903)

CAS | 136 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 231121 | ISOTYPE

309. LUZULINA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4740. --- -- 1866)

CAS | 384084 | ISOTYPE
DS | 76794 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 964880 | TYPE COLLECTION

-M-

310. MACKENZIANA WEATHERBY,C.A., CONTR. GRAY HERB. 114:36. 1936.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T., 892. 28 JUN 1934)

CAS | 264346 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 1746479 | ISOTYPE

311. MACROGLOSSA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:148, 576. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1414. --- -- 1866-1874)

US
27238
TYPE MATERIAL

312. MACROKOLEA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 420.--- -- 1832)

NY

COTYPE

313. MACROSPERMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 6000-7000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4840. 27 AUG 1894)

NY

TYPE

314. MADRENSIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: DURANGO: SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL (ROSE,J.N., 2357. 16 AUG 1897)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 301267 | TYPE

315. MAGNIFOLIA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K., FL. SE. U.S. ED.2, 1325.1913.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W.,---. ---)

US
969118
TYPE MATERIAL

316. MANDONIANA BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:174. 1896.

BOLIVIA: ---: -- (MANDON,G., 1429. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

317. MARCIDA VAR. DEBRIS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:136. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: HARNEY VALLEY (HOWELL,T.J., 937. 27 MAY 1885)

F | 206587 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE

318. MARIPOSANA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:619. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS (JEPSON,W.L., 4476. 20 JUL 1911)

JEPS | 19722 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

319. MEADII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

CAS | 553885 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

320. MEDITERRANIA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:441. 1906.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.23 MAY 1898)

NY

TYPE

321. MEEKII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:48. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: WHITE RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

322. MELANOPHORA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:106. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: ORANGE RANGE, MOUNT WILHELMINA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E., 9828. -- SEP 1938)

A

ISOTYPE

323. MELOZITNENSIS PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:209. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS, MELOZITNA RIVER (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 713. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1789621 | ISOTYPE

324. MENOOCINENSIS OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:249. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4701. --- --1866)

CAS | 553875 | TYPE FRAGMENT
DS | 54832 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 1098 | ISOTYPE
US | 29453 | ISOTYPE

325. MERCARENSIS HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 194.1855.

INDIA: --: NILAGIRI (HOHENACKER,R.F., 943. --- -- 1851)

A

ISOTYPE

326. MERRILLII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:7. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 6623. -- MAY 1909)

NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 711171 | TYPE MATERIAL

327. MERRITT-FERNALDII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 49:370.1923.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03 JUL 1897)

GH

HOLOTYPE

328. MESOCHOREA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.-- --- 1900)

GH

ISOTYPE

329. MICANS BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:419.1859.

JAPAN: --: SINODA (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)

US
27281
TYPE MATERIAL

330. MICRANTHA KUKENTHAL,G., BULL. HERB. BOISSIER SER.2, 2:1018. 1902.

KOREA: --: KAM-OUEN (FAURIE,U., 919. 28 JUN 1901)

US
2501314
ISOTYPE

331. MICROCHAETA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:305. 1904.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: KLONDIKE, INDIAN DIVIDE (MACOUN,JOHN, 53877. 14 AUG 1902)

GH

ISOTYPE

332. MICROGLOCHIN SSP. FUEGINA KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 27:546.1899.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

US
30695
ISOTYPE

333. MICROPTERA MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:56. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: DEETH (HELLER,A.A., 9067. 21 JUL 1908)

CAS | 234896 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

334. MICROPTERA VAR. CRASSINERVIA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 70:420. 1968.

USA: COLORADO: OURAY CO.: ENGINEER PASS (JOHNSON,W.M., 594. 14 AUG 1967)

US
2543807
HOLOTYPE

335. MILIARIS VAR. AUREA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:37. 1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KING’S CO.: KENNEBECASIS RIVER (FOWLER,J.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

336. MIRABILIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: FRANKLIN CO.: DEERFIELD (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

337. MIRABILIS VAR. PERLONGA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473, PL.2. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: HILLSBORO CO.: NEW IPSWICH (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 05 JUN 1896)

GH

SYNTYPE

338. MIRABILIS VAR. TINCTA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: SAINT JOHN RIVER (MACOUN,JOHN, 22. 04 JUL 1899)

GH

SYNTYPE

339. MISANDROIDES FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 17:158. 1915.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L., 10801. 16-17 JUL 1914)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

340. MISERA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

341. MISERABILIS MACKENZ IE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:385. 1935.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CHIWAUKUM LAKE (EGGLESTON,W.W., 13567. 19-20 AUG 1916)

US
886422
HOLOTYPE

342. MOHRIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:106. 1931.

USA: FLORIDA: HARDEE CO.: WAUCHULA (CURT ISS,A.H., 6761. 15 APR 1901)

NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 2133195 | ISOTYPE

343. MOLESTA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:151. 1931.

USA: KANSAS: WYANDOTTE CO.: QUINDARO (MACKENZIE,K.K., ---.30 MAY 1897)

NY

HOLOTYPE

344. MONTANENSIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:152. 1892.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: UPPER MARAIS PASS (CANBY,W.M., 350. 03 AUG 1883)

NY |  | SYNTYPE
US | 23257 | SYNTYPE

345. MONTEREYENSIS MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: PACIFIC GROVE (SMITH,C.P., 1055. 24 JUL 1905)

GH

HOLOTYPE

346. MORRISSEYI PORSILD,A.E., SARGENTIA 4:21. 1943.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: LABRADOR, CAPE MUGFORD (PORSILD,A.E., 173. 26 AUG 1937)

US
2095886
ISOTYPE

347. MULTICOSTATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:604. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY DAM (PARISH,S.B., 3609. -- JUN 1895)

DS
489409
HOLOTYPE

348. MURICULATA HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R., FIELD & LAB. 17:132. 1949.

USA: TEXAS: CULBERSON CO.: GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS, MCKITTRICK CANYON (MOORE,J.A. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., 3625. 25 JUL 1931)

CAS
194659
ISOTYPE

-N-

349. NANA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,--- --.--- 1853-1856)

NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 27280 | TYPE MATERIAL

350. NEBRASKENSIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. --- )

NY

ISOTYPE

351. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ERUCAEFORMS SUKSDORF,W.N., WERDENDA 1:5. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 10249. 22 JUN 1919)

OS | 171453 | ISOTYPE
MO | 952735 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1438017 | TYPE COLLECTION

352. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ULTRIFORMIS BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:8. 1896.

USA: WASHINGTON: ADAMS CO.: RITZVILLE (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 194. 09 JUN 1893)

NY

ISOTYPE

353. NELSONII MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: LA PLATA MINES (NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E., 5264. 30 AUG 1898)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

354. X NEOBIGELOMII LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:166. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305A. 12 AUG 1963)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2433719 | ISOTYPE

355. X NEOFILIPENDULA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:123. 1956.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BONNE BAY, MAIN RIVER, MAIN ARM (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1449. 19 AUG 1929)

GH

HOLOTYPE

356. NEOHEXICANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:153. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SANTA RITA DEL COBRA IBIGELOW,J.M., 1547. --- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

357. X NEOPALEACEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:137. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PAINT HILLS (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32975. 03 SEP 1954)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2176496 | ISOTYPE

358. NERVINA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 10:203. 1885.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SUMMIT CAMP (KELLOGG,A., ---. 10 JUL 1870)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 286861 | ISOTYPE

359. NEUROPHORA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:298, FIG.706. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CASCADE MOUNTAINS, STEVENS PASS (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 773. 18 AUG 1893)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

360. NIGRICANS MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS l:210, PL.7. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

361. NIGRO-MARGINATA SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:68. 1824.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: FORSYTH CO.: WINSTON-SALEM (“SALEM”) (DOS,L.,---. -- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

362. NOVAE-ANGLIAE SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C., ---. -- --- 1822)

GH

ISOTYPE

363. X NUBENS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 84:40. 1957.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, EASTMAIN (LEPAGE,E., 33131. 27 JUL 1955)

GH

ISOTYPE

364. NUBICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:480. 1909.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. -- AUG 1899)

GH

ISOTYPE

365. NUOATA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:241. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARISS (BOLANDER,H.N., 2299.-- --- 1860-1867)

MO

TYPE MATERIAL

366. NUDATA VAR. FIRMIOR KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:337. 1909.

USA: ARIZONA: WILLOW SPRINGS (PALMER,E., 546. -- JUN 1890)

DS

ISOTYPE

367. NUTANS VAR. JAPONICA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER.L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:154. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1404. --- -- 1866-1874)

US
31277
TYPE MATERIAL

368. NUTTALLII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:92. 1842.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (NUTTALL,T., 17. ---)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

-O-

369. OAXACANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:271. 1898.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4842. 29 AUG 1894)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 251772 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 817656 | TYPE COLLECTION

370. OBISPOENSIS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 1:240. 1936.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN LUIS OBISPO CO.: SAN LUIS OBISPO, STEINER CREEK (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 2271. 07 MAY 1936)

CAS | 235733 | HOLOTYPE
CAS | 237824 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 237908 | ISOTYPE
DS | 270930 | ISOTYPE
F | 866418 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1678188 | ISOTYPE

371. OBLANCEOLATA KOYAMA,T., WILLDENOWIA 5(3):489. 1969.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: CHUNG TUNG, TAI TSANG, YING TAK (TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K., 3202. 20 NOV 1926)

UC
319673
HOLOTYPE

372. OBOVOIDEA CRONQUIST,A., MADRONO 7:78. 1943.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: STANLEY (CRONQUIST,A., 2872. 03 JUL 1941)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO | 1220830 | TYPE MATERIAL

373. OEOERI VAR. ROUSSEAUIANA MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), PROC. & TRANS. ROY. SOC. CANADA SER.3, 23(2), SECT.5:262. 1929.

CANADA: QUEBEC: MONTMAGNY CO.: L’ESTUAIRE DU ST. LAURENT, BERTHIER-EN-BAS (ROUSSEAU,J., 24989. 27 JUL 1926)

NY

TYPE

374. OKLAHOMENSIS MACKENZI E,K.K., TORREYA 14:126. 1914.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CATALE (BUSH,B.F., 993. 22 MAY 1895)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE

375. OLIGANTHA BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:174, PL.589. 1867.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

US
30695
ISOTYPE

376. OLIGOCARPA VAR. LATIFOLIA GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:415. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CRAWE,J.B., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

377. OLYMPICA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:610. 1916.

USA: WASHINGTON: CLALLAM CO.: OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS (ELMER,A.D.E., 2700. --- JUN 1900)

NY

SYNTYPE

378. ONUSTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: --(RUTH,A., 458. 24 APR 1914)

CAS | 351152 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 504456 | ISOTYPE

379. OREGONENSIS OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:73. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E., 605. --- --1871)

F | 455736 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

380. ORMOSTACHYA WI EGAND,K. M., RHODORA 24:196. 1922.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, LITTLETON HILL (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 27 MAY 1896)

GH

HOLOTYPE

381. ORONENSIS FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:471, PL.l, FIG.15,16. 1902.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---.30 JUN 1891)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

382. OXYCARPA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: COLUMBIA (SUKSDORF,W.N., 816. 02 JUN 1885)

F | 96129 | TYPE MATERIAL
F | 211365 | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 27292 | TYPE MATERIAL

383. OXYLEPIS VAR. PUBESCENS UNDERWOOD,J.K., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 33:635. 1945.

USA: TENNESSEE: CHEATHAM CO.: PEGRAM (SVENSON,H.K., 10469. 12 JUL 1939)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-P-

384. PACHYCARPA MACKENZIE,K.K.,BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:616. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY, BIG TREE ROAD; ALT. 8000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1977. 31 JUL 1863)

UC
1060
HOLOTYPE

385. PACHYSTACHYA CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:197.1855.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

386. PACHYSTOMA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, ANNA CREEK CANYON (COVILLE,F.V., 1362. 03 SEP 1902)

US
415172
TYPE

387. PAODOENSIS SUKSDORF,W.N., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 12:43. 1906.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1296. 13 AUG 1897)

F | 223512 | TYPEMATERIAL
F | 1471489 | TYPE MATERIAL
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 529528 | TYPE MATERIAL

388. PALAWANENSIS KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E., LEAFL. PHILIPP. BOT.4:1169. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: PALAWAN: PUERTO PRINCESA, MOUNT PULGAR (ELMER,A.D.E., 13146. -- MAY 1911)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 872800 | TYPE MATERIAL

389. PALLESCENS VAR. NEOGAEA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:306, PL.712.1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GANDER RIVER VALLEY, GLENWOOD (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4918. 12-13 JUL 1911)

GH

HOLOTYPE

390. PANSA BAILEY,l.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.

USA: OREGON: CLATSOP CO.: CLATSOP (HENDERSON,L.F., 1482.31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887)

OS | 490462 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

391. PAPULOSA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---.--- -- 1853-1856)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 31344 | ISOTYPE

392. PARCIFLORA BOOTT,F., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S.,6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. ---)

US
27275
TYPE MATERIAL

393. PARRYANA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: --: HUDSON BAY (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

394. X PATUENSIS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:113, FIG.1. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, LAKE PATU (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39329; 19 AUG 1961)

GH

ISOTYPE

395. PAUCICOSTATA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:74. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. --- JUL 1866)

OS | 49738 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 309086 | TYPE MATERIAL
MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

396. PAUPERCULA VAR. BREVISQUAMA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 20:152. 1918.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ILE AUX COUDRES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), 4021. --- JUN 1917)

GH

HOLOTYPE

397. PAUPERCULA VAR. PALLENS FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:77. 1906.

USA: MAINE: OXFORD CO.: BUCKFIELD (ALLEN,J.A., 21A. 01 JUL 1878)

GH

HOLOTYPE

398. PAYSONIS CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:90, PL.2. 1922.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B., 2224. 06 AUG 1920)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 905434 | HOLOTYPE

399. PELOCARPA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 39:492. 1937.

USA: UTAH: SUMMIT CO.: LAMOTTE PEAK (HERMANN,F.J., 5983. 15 AUG 1933)

CAS | 239452 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

400. PERCOSTATA HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:282. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: MADERA (MULLER,C.H., 3520. 27 SEP 1939)

CAS | 369422 | ISOTYPE
US | 2133207 | TYPE

401. PERGLOBOSA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:606. 1907.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: MOUNT BALDY, BRECKENRIDGE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 167. -- AUG 1901)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

402. PERILEIA BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:102. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9583. -- AUG 1938)

A

SOTYPE

403. PERLONGA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TRINIDAD IRON WORKS; ALT. 1585 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 8863. 02 JUN 1904)

CAS | 155657 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 193005 | ISOTYPE
F | 178542 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 461358 | ISOTYPE

404. PERSTRICTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:479. 1909.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: MONTERREY (PRINGLE,C.G., 2630. 05 JUN 1889)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

405. PETASATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )

NY

TYPE

406. PETRICOSA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )

NY

TYPE

407. PETRIEI CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 16:413.1884

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, BROKEN RIVER (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)

GH

ISOTYPE

408. PHAEOCEPHALA PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:172. 1906.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)

F | 455706 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

409. PHAEOLEPIS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: OREGON: CROOK CO.: BEAR BUTTES (LEIBERG,J.B., 335. 26 JUN 1894)

NY

ISOTYPE

410. PHALAROIDES VAR. PARVULA GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: JUJUY: TILCARA OEPT.: TILCARA (VENTURIS., 6491. 15 FEB 1927)

US
1545831
TYPE

411. PHILOCRENA KRECZETOWICZ,V.I., TRUOY SREDNE-AZIATSK. GOSUD. UNIV., SER. 8B, BOT. 17:75. 1934.

USSR: TAOZHIKISTAN: PAMIRS; ALT. 8200 FT. (LIPSKY,V. I., 2732. 19 JUL 1899)

NY

TYPE MATERIAL

412. PHYLLOMANICA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:233 1880

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4746. -- --- 1866)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

413. PHYSOCHLAENA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:317. 1904.

USA: ALASKA: YUKON VALLEY, COAL CREEK HILL (FUNSTON,F., 139. 30 JUL 1893)

F | 755322 | TYPE MATERIAL
MO | 920815 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

414. PICTA BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)

US
31374
TYPE MATERIAL

415. PICTA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:184. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

416. PINETORUM VAR. ELATIOR KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:195. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10,000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4685. 08 JUN 1894)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

417. PIPERI MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 75. 1915.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)

GH

ISOTYPE

418. PIRCHINCHENSIS VAR. SIMPLEX GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

COLOMBIA: --: -- (MUTIS,J.C., KILLIP NO.5715.-- --- 1760-1808)

US
1563811
TYPE

419. PITYOPHILA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:545. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6605. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911)

CAS | 383889 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 660821 | TYPE

420. PLANATA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:126, 555.1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 2059. -- --- 1866-1874)

US
27269
TYPE MATERIAL

421. PLATYLEPIS MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:142. 1931.

USA: WYOMING: BIG HORN CO.: BIG HORN MOUNTAINS, TEN SLEEP LAKES (WILLIAMS,T.A., 2951. 19 AUG 1897)

NY

HOLOTYPE

422. PLATYPHYLLA CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:23. 1847.

USA: NEW YORK: (“NOV. EBOR.”) (CAREY,J., ---. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

423. PLECTOCARPA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:66. 1964.

USA: MONTANA: GLACIER CO.: GLACIER NATIONAL PARK,LOGAN PASS, HIDDEN LAKE; ALT. 7300 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 18120. 21 AUG 1962)

CAS | 416360 | ISOTYPE
US | 2420276 | HOLOTYPE

424. PLUVICA VAR. KOOLAUENSIS KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:274. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: HONOLULU CO.: OAHU (ISLAND), KOOLAU MOUNTAINS (HOSAKA,E.Y., 594. 04 JUL 1932)

US
2074725
TYPE MATERIAL

425. PODOCARPA BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J., ---. --- )

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

426. POOOGYNA FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:131, 557.1879.

JAPAN: TOKYO (PREFECTURE): TOKYO (SAVATIER,L., 1413.-- --- 1866-1874)

US
27270
TYPE MATERIAL

427. PORTERI OLNEY,S.T., CARIC. BOR.-AMER. 12. 1871.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KINEO, MOOSEHEAD LAKE (PORTER,T.C., ---. 28 AUG 1871)

GH

HOLOTYPE

428. POTOSINA HEMSLEY,W.B., BIOL. CENTR.-AMER. 3:474. 1885.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546. -- --- 1877)

GH

ISOTYPE

429. PRAECEPTORIUM MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:95. 1931.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: SIMCOE MOUNTAINS, GOLDENDALE (PECK,M.E., 13. 13 AUG 1917)

NY

HOLOTYPE

430. PRAEGRACILIS BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:87. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN DIEGO CO.: SAN DIEGO (SCOTT,(MISS), ---. -- --- 1880)

GH

HOLOTYPE

431. PRAINII CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:305. 1904.

CHINA: YUNNAN: RED RIVER (HENRY,A., 10839. ---)

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 458108 | TYPE MATERIAL

432. PRAIREA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 414. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: -- (---, ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

433. PRATENSIS DREJER,S.T.N., NATURHIST. TIDSSKR. 3:442. 1841.

GREENLAND: --: -- (VAHL,J.,---. ---)

CAS
105004
TYPE COLLECTION

434. PRATENSIS VAR. FURVA BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN, CAT. CANADIAN PL.5:377. 1890.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)

GH

ISOTYPE

435. PRATICOLA VAR. SUBCORIACEA HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:113.1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: MOUNTAIN PARK, MCCLEOD RIVER (HERMANN,F.J., 13453. 26 AUG 1956)

CAS | 404488 | ISOTYPE
US | 2265957 | HOLOTYPE

436. PREISSII ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J., PL. PREISS. 2:94. 1846.

AUSTRALIA: --: -- (PREISS,L., 1825. ---)

GH

SYNTYPE

AUSTRALIA: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: PERTH (PREISS,L., 1861. --- JUL 1839)

MO
2002968
SYNTYPE

437. PRESLII STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:242. 1855.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)

US
865056
TYPE MATERIAL

438. PRINGLEI BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: HACIENDA DE ANGUSTURA, 100 MILES EAST OF SAN LUIS POTOSI (PRINGLE,C.G., 3801. 04 AUG 1891)

F | 105551 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 1607711 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 817724 | TYPE COLLECTION

439. PRIONPHYLLA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:423. 1902.

USA: IDAHO: DIVIDE BETWEEN SAINT JOE AND CLEARWATER RIVERS (LEIBERG,J.B., 125. 10 JUL 1895)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

440. PROJECTA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:264. 1908.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: KOUCHIBOUGUAC (FOWLER,J., ---.-- --- 1872)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

441. PROPOSITA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:126. 1931.

USA: IDAHO: BLAINE CO.: SMOKY MOUNTAINS; ALT. 2700 M. (MACBRIDE,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B., 3778. 13 AUG 1916)

CAS | 102638 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE

442. X PSEUDO-FULVA FERNALD,M.L., RHODOR 35:231. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4258. 16 AUG 1910)

GH

HOLOTYPE

443. PSEUDOJAPONICA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:81.1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, DONNER LAKE; ALT. 2750 M. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903)

F | 215918 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

444. PTEROLEPTA FRANCHET,A., NOUV. ARCH. MUS. HIST. NAT. SER.3, 8:215.1896.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (DELAVAY,R.P., 4829. 15 JUL 1889)

US
1123683
ISOTYPE

445. PTYCHOCARPA STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 424. -- --- 1832)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

446. PURPUREOVAGINATA VAR. ITATIAIAE GROSS,R.,REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:212. 1941.

BRAZIL: RIO DE JANEIRO: ITATIAIA (CHASE,A., 8283. 17 JAN 1925)

US
1282178
TYPE

447. PURPURIFERA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:253. 1935.

USA: TENNESSEE: CAMPBELL CO.: CHASKA (BRIGHT,J., ---.18 MAY 1923)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

448. PYCNOTHYSOS KUKENTHAL,G., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 6:60. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: NEGROS OCCIDENTAL: MOUNT CANLAON (VOLCANO) (MERRILL,E.D., 543. -- APR 1910)

US
1398830
TYPE MATERIAL

-Q-

449. QUADRIFIDA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:104.1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. ----- 1866)

DS | 55002 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

450. QUADRIFIDA VAR. LENIS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:105. 1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. -- --- 1866)

NY

SYNTYPE

451. X QUEBECENSIS LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:168. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305. 12 AUG 1963)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2433718 | ISOTYPE

452. QUICHENSIS HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:284. 1950.

GUATEMALA: QUICHE: NEBAJ (SHARP,A.J., 45144. 07 FEB 1945)

US
2133193
TYPE

-R-

453. RACHILLIS MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: GILBERT PEAK (MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.,14668. 16 AUG 1936)

CAS | 325253 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 1872576 | TYPE MATERIAL

454. RAMOSII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: RIZAL: LUZON (ISLAND), MORONG (RAMOS,M., BUR. SCI. 1434. -- AUG 1906)

US
626608
TYPE MATERIAL

455. RAYNOLOSII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:39. 1861.

USA: IDAHO: FREMONT CO.: PIERRE’S HOLE AND HENRY'S FORK (HAYDEN,F.V., --. 20 JUN 1860)

GH

SYNTYPE

456. RETROCURVA DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 423. 1845.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: -- (WOOD,W.A., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

457. RETROCURVA VAR. COPULATA BAILEY,L.H., HERB. DISTR. NO.161. 1886.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (BAILEY,L.H., 161. 01 JUN 1886)

GH

ISOTYPE

458. RETROFLEXA MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L., SP. PL. ED.4, 4:235.1805.

USA: TEXAS: -- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE

459. RHYNCHACHAENIUM CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D., PUBL. BUR. SCI. GOV. LAB. 35:5. 1906 (“1905”).

PHILIPPINES: BATAAN: MOUNT MARIVELES; ALT. 1100 M. (ELMER,A.D.E., 6983. -- NOV 1904)

NY

COTYPE

460. RICHARDSONII BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)

GH

TYPE MATERIAL

461. RICHARDSONII FOR. EXSERTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290. 1942.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

462. ROANENSIS HERMANN,F.J., CASTANEA 12:113. 1948 (“1947”).

USA: TENNESSEE: CARTER CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN; ALT.4700 FT. (BROWN,D.M., 255. 02 AUG 1936)

JS
2133190
HOLOTYPE

463. RORAIMENSIS STEYERMARK, J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:67, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: BOLIVAR: MOUNT RORAIMA; ALT. 2700-2740 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 5887C. 28 SEP 1944)

F | 1263854 | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

464. ROSAEOIDES HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER, H.C. AND HOWE,E.C., FL. RENSSELAER CO. 33. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: LANSINGBURGH (HOWE,E.C.,---. 30 MAY 1887)

NY

ISOTYPE

465. ROSEA VAR. ARKANSANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: ARKANSAS: PULASKI CO.: LITTLE ROCK, LA FOURCHE CREEK (HASSE,H.E., ---. 01 MAY 1886)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

466. ROSEA VAR. PUSILLA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:132. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: LIVINGSTONE CO.: PORTAGE (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1894)

NY

TYPE

467. ROSEA VAR. STAMINATA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.47:164. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: OTSEGO CO.: COOPERSTOWN JUNCTION (PECK,C.H., 5. -- JUN 1893)

NY

TYPE

468. RUBRO-BRUNNEA VAR. ELINEOLATA MERRILL,E.O., LINGNAN SCI. J. 13:18.1934.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN), POK-LO (TSUI,T.M., 74. -- MAR-APR 1932)

A |  | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO | 1260436 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 1754487 | ISOTYPE

469. RUGATA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:545, PL.671. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: HOMEVILLE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.,11787. 07 MAY 1940)

CAS | 336836 | ISOTYPE
F | 1489429 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
MO | 1306478 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2003132 | ISOTYPE

470. RUGATA OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:76. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), MOUNT DAIMONJI IN YAMASHIRO (OHWI,J., 29. 04 MAY 1931)

F
1463953
TYPE MATERIAL

471. RUGOSPERMA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:621. 1915.

USA: NEW JERSEY: OCEAN CO.: TUCKERTON (MACKENZIE,K.K., 9871. -- MAY 1911)

NY

TYPE

472. RUSBYI MACKENZIE,K.K., SMITHSONIAN MISC. COLLECT. 65(71:2. 1915.

USA: ARIZONA: YAVAPAI CO.: --- (RUSBY,H.H., 859. -- --- 1883)

NY |  | TYPE
US | 30267 | TYPE COLLECTION

473. RUTHII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:112. 1931.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: CRAGGY MOUNTAIN (RUTH,A.,---. -- JUL 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

-S-

474. SALINAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N.,4702. -- ---1866)

CAS | 383801 | TYPE COLLECTION
DS | 293480 | TYPE COLLECTION
F | 30885 | TYPE MATERIAL
MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 29888 | TYPE COLLECTION
US | 319226 | TYPE COLLECTION

475. SALTAENSIS GROSSER., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: SALTA: ROSARIO DEPT.: CAMPO QUIJANO (VENTURIS., 8650. -- ---1929)

US
1545752
TYPE

476. SANGUINEA BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:137. 1846.

AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITHS., 96(KEW 6094). ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

477. SARAHAKETENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 69:262. 1938.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA (TERRITORY): MOROBE DISTRICT: FINISTERRE RANGE, MOUNT SARAWAKET (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 5546. -- MAR 1937)

A

ISOTYPE

478. SARTWELLIANA OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1636. -- --- 1863)

GH

HOLOTYPE

479. SARTWELLII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 12. ---)

CAS | 383407 | TYPE COLLECTION
CAS | 553975 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

480. SAVAIIENSIS KUKENTHAL,G., BERNICE P. BISHOP MUS. BULL. 128:24.1935.

WESTERN SAMOA: ---: SAVAII ISLAND (CHRISTOPHERSEN,E., 800. 24 SEP 1929)

NY

ISOTYPE

481. X SAXENII NM. FERRUGINEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:142. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, FORT GEORGE (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32357. 14 AUG 1954)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2176493 | ISOTYPE

482. SAXIMONTANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:439. 1906.

USA: COLORADO: LARIMER CO.: FORT COLLINS (BAKER,C.F.,---.--- )

MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL

483. SCABRIOR SARTWELL,H. P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:349. 1849.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 72. --- )

CAS
553877
ISOTYPE

484. SCABRIUSCULA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:268. 1908.

USA: WASHINGTON: CASCADE MOUNTAINS (CUSICK,W.C., 2849. 30 JUN 1902)

DS | 490735 | ISOTYPE
MO |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 528631 | ISOTYPE

485. SCAPOSA HOOKER,J.D., BOT. MAG. PL.6940. 1887.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (FORD,C.,--- -- -.-- 1883?)

MO
2002967
TYPE COLLECTION

486. SCHAFFNERI BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 18:172.1883.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546.-- --- 1877)

GH

ISOTYPE

487. SCHNEIDERI NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 201. 1939.

CHINA: YUNNAN: LIKIANG (SCHNEIDER,C., 2738. 06 AUG 1914)

GH

HOLOTYPE

488. SCHWEINITZII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:68. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN (DEWEY,C.,---.--)

GH

HOLOTYPE

489. SCIRPIFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:270. 1908.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF (MCCALLA,W.C., 2348. 28 JUL 1899)

NY

TYPE

490. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. GIGAS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT EDDY (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 19 AUG 1881)

F | 210109 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

491. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. STENOCHLAENA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20.1904.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: CHILLIWACK VALLEY (MACOUN,J.M., 33728. 12 JUL 1901)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

492. SCOPARIA VAR. CONDENSA FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:468, PL.l. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MEDFORD (BOOTT,W., ---.26 JUL 1865)

GH

HOLOTYPE

493. SCOPARIA VAR. FULVA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:237. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)

GH

SYNTYPE

494. SCOPARIA VAR. MINOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:116, PL.369.1862.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: WHITE MOUNTAINS (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

495. SCOPARIA VAR. MONILIFORMIS TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 17. 1843.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: CAMBRIDGE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. --- )

GH

HOLOTYPE

496. SCOPARIA FOR. PERACUTA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 23:234. 1921.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: SAND BEACH (FERNALD,M. L. AND LONG,B., 20296. 14 JUL 1920)

GH

HOLOTYPE

497. SCOPARIA VAR. SUBTURBINATA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 14:116. 1912.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: EXPLOITS RIVER VALLEY, GRAND FALLS AREA, RUSHY POND (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4796.28 AUG 1911)

F | 464432 | SYNTYPE
GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

498. SCOPARIA VAR. TESSELLATA FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 12:135. 1910.

USA: MAINE: WASHINGTON CO.: PEMBROKE (FERNALD,M.L., 1464. C8 JUL 1909)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE

499. SCOULERI TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:399. 1836.

USA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: “WESTERN SHORE OF AMERICA, OBSERVATORY INLET” (ARM OF PORTLAND INLET) (SCOULER,J., 296. ---)

NY

HOLOTYPE

500. SEATONIANA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TULA (PRINGLE,C.G., 7452. 24 JUN 1897)

CAS | 445940 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
US | 305734 | TYPE COLLECTION

501. SHELOONII MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: OREGON: UNION CO.: CLARK’S CREEK (SHELDON,E.P., 8854. 09 SEP 1897)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE
US | 528495 | TYPE COLLECTION

502. SICCATA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:278. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E., ---. ---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

503. SIMULATA MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:604. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: CHUG CREEK (NELSON,A., 7316. 29 JUN 1900)

NY

HOLOTYPE

504. SMALLIANA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:484. 1909.

USA: GEORGIA: TATTNALL CO.: REIDSVILLE (HARPER,R.M., 2159. 26 APR 1904)

US
511177
TYPE COLLECTION

505. SONOMENSIS STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:63. 1937.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL, PITKIN MARSH (HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W., 13042. 06 JUN 1937)

CAS | 246086 | HOLOTYPE
CAS | 246636 | ISOTYPE
OS | 258275 | ISOTYPE
DS | 374718 | ISOTYPE
F | 907841 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
UC | 835699 | ISOTYPE
US | 1736782 | ISOTYPE

506. SOPERI RAUP,H.M., SARGENTIA 6:129, FIG.12. 1947.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: BRINTELL LAKE (RAUP.H.M. AND SOPER,J.H., 9534. 18 JUL 1939)

GH

HOLOTYPE

507. SPECIFICA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:21. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)

CAS | 232289 | SYNTYPE
US | 30329 | SYNTYPE

508. SPECUICOLA HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 5:148. 1949.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: INSCRIPTION HOUSE (HOWELL,J.T., 24609. 23 JUN 1948)

CAS | 342552 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 342553 | HOLOTYPE
DS | 337970 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2006386 | ISOTYPE

509. SPRETA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---.-- MAY 1880)

GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION

510. STANDLEYANA STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 3:23. 1952.

GUATEMALA: JALAPA: AGUACATE (WILLIAMS,L.O., 13178. 06 JUL 1947)

F
1252385
HOLOTYPE

511. STANTONENSIS JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER.15:2C., PL.3. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: STANTON LAKE (WILLIAMS,R.S.,-- ---. 11 AUG 1894)

NY

TYPE

512. STELLATA MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:226. 1935.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: IXMIQUILPAN (ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S., 9019. ------ 1905)

NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 452499 | HOLOTYPE

513. STELLULATA VAR. CONFERTA CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 534.1860.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. --- )

NY

TYPE

514. STENOPHYLLA VAR. DESERTORUM LITVINOV,D.I., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST.5(BEIH.1):56. 1899.

USSR: TURKESTAN: -- (LITVINOV,D.I., 153. -- --- 1897)

US
616142
TYPE MATERIAL

515. STENOPTERA MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:28. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SAN ANTONIO MOUNTAINSt ICE HOUSE CANYON (JOHNSTON,I.M., 1505. 31 JUL 1917)

DS | 83850 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | TYPE

516. STERILIS VAR. EXCELSIOR BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:424.1893.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 35. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

517. STEUDELII KUNTH,C.S., ENUM. PL. 2:480. 1837.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., ---. -- --- 1835)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

518. STEYERMARKII STANDLEY,P.C., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER.23:196. 1947.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: CERRO HUITZ (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48542. 14 JUL 1942)

F
1129096
HOLOTYPE

519. STIPATA VAR. LAEVIVAGINATA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:172. 1909.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: BILTMORE (NEAR ASHEVILLE) (BILTMORE HERBARIUM, 262A. 28 MAY 1897)

F | 813737 | TYPE COLLECTION
GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION
MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

520. STIPATA VAR. MAXIMA CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:121, PL.391. 1862.

USA: FLORIDA: APPALACHICOLA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)

US
969091
TYPE COLLECTION

521. STIPATA VAR. SUBSECUTA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:128. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: BERLIN (PECK,C.H., ---.-- JUN 1894)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

522. STIPATA VAR. UBERIOR MOHR,C., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 6:417. 1910.

USA: ALABAMA: MOBILE RIVER (MOHR,C.,---. 26 APR 1897)

NY

ISOTYPE

523. STRAMINEA VAR. CUMULATA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:23.1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- JUL 1870)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

524. STRAMINEA VAR. ECHINOOES FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:474, PL.2. 1902.

CANADA: ONTARIO: LAMBTONCO.: WYOMING (MACOUN,JOHN, 26624. 24 JUN 1901)

GH

SYNTYPE

525. STRAMINEA VAR. RENIFORMIS BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:73.1889.

USA: MISSISSIPPI: OKTIBBEHA CO.: STARKVILLE (TRACY,S.M., 17. 23 MAY 1888)

NY

SYNTYPE

526. STRICTA VAR. XEROCARPA BRITTON,N.L., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 22:222.1895.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.---)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

527. STYLOFLEXA BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:174. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MACON CO.: MOUNTAINS (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. ---)

MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION

528. STYLOSA VAR. VIRENS BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:79.1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., --- -- MAY 1880)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE

529. SUB-BRACTEATA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:612. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: OAKLAND (BOLANDER,H.N., ---. --.--- 1860 CA.)

GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 28683 | ISOTYPE

530. SUBFUSCA BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:234.1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.---)

GH

ISOTYPE

531. SUBIMPRESSA CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: -- (CLOKEY,I.W., 2338. 06 AUG 1915)

CAS | 162423 | ISOTYPE
UC | 905433 | HOLOTYPE

532. SUBNIGRICANS STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:167. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14519. 11 AUG 1938)

CAS | 259816 | HOLOTYPE
US | 1765699 | ISOTYPE

533. SUBORBICULATA MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:338. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: --(SUKSOORF,W.N., 1315. --JUL 1883)

NY

TYPE

534. SUBTRANSVERSA CLARKE,C.B., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 2:108. 1907.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 473C. --OCT-NOV 1905)

NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL
US | 710428 | TYPE MATERIAL

535. SUKSDORFII KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 7383. 27 AUG 1912)

CAS | 152864 | ISOTYPE
CAS | 243333 | ISOTYPE
DS | 171455 | ISOTYPE
DS | 269641 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
MO | 95212 | TYPE COLLECTION
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1437926 | TYPE COLLECTION

536. SUKSDORFII VAR. OVALIS KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5259. 21 AUG-20 SEP 1905)

DS | 269625 | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

537. SURCULOSA RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 52:22. 1959.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: SIN-FUNG DISTRICT: SAI-LIN-SHAN VILLAGE, NGOK SHING SHAN (TAAM,Y.W., 502. 1-16 APR 1938)

A

HOLOTYPE

538. SYCHNOCEPHALA CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:24.1847.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CAREY,J., ---. ---)

GH

ISOTYPE

-T-

539. TACHIRENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:68, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUELAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57367. 15 JUL 1944)

F | 1263858 | HOLOTYPE
US | 1932033 | ISOTYPE

540. TAHITENSIS BROWN,F.B.H., OCCAS. PAP. BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUS.9(4):8. 1930.

FRENCH POLYNESIA: --: SOCIETY ISLANDS, TAHITI, MOUNT OROHENA (MACDANIELS,L.H., 1542. 15 MAY 1927)

A

ISOTYPE

541. TAMAKII KOYAMA,T., BULL. ARTS SCI. DIV. RYUKYU UNIV. 3:75. 1959.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA EXPERIMENTAL FOREST OF RYUKYU UNIVERSITY; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (KOYAMA,T., ---.23 NOV 1958)

NY

HOLOTYPE

542. TAMANA STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUALAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57401. 15 JUL 1944)

F
1263857
HOLOTYPE

543. TENERA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 8:97. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C.,---. 20 JUN---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

544. TENERA VAR. RICHII FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:475, PL.2. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MIDDLESEX FALLS (RICH,W.P.,---. 05 JUN 1894)

GH

HOLOTYPE

545. TENERAEFORMIS MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:609. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: JONESVILLE; ALT. 5100 FT. (HALL,H.M., 9781. 25 JUL 1914)

NY

HOLOTYPE

546. TENTACULATA VAR. ALTIOR BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 2:94, PL.278.1860.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 138. --- )

CAS
553943
TYPE COLLECTION

547. TENUIFLORA VAR. SETACEA KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:224. 1909.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (WHEELER,C.F., ---.28 JUN 1890)

GH

ISOTYPE

548. TERETIUSCULA VAR. ANPLA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:53.1889

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)

NY

SYNTYPE

549. TERRAE-NOVAE FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290, PL.711. 1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN BAY, SAINT JOHN ISLAND (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N., 27657. 31 JUL 1925)

GH

HOLOTYPE

550. TETSUOI OHWI,J., MISC. REP. NATL. SCI. MUS. 5:2, PL.2. 1952.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND); (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (AMANO,T., 6358. -- MAY 1951)

US
2092356
TYPE MATERIAL

551. THURBERI DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

MEXICO: SONORA: MABIBI (THURBER,G., ---. --- JUN 1850)

GH

HOLOTYPE

552. TOJQUIANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:64. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJQUIA AND CAXIN (STEYERMARK,J.A., 50150. 06 AUG 1942)

F | 1129085 | TYPE MATERIAL
F | 1129086 | TYPE MATERIAL

553. TOMPKINSI HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 9:185. 1961.

USA: CALIFORNIA: FRESNO CO.: KINGS RIVER CANYON, COPPER CREEK TRAIL (HOWELL,J.T., 35333. 06 JUN 1960)

CAS | 428953 | HOLOTYPE
CAS | 429306 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 2604281 | ISOTYPE

554. TOREAOORA STEYERMARK, J. A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:338. 1954.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR; ALT. 3810-3930 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53095. 15 JUN 1943)

F | 1266183 | TYPE MATERIAL
NY |  | ISOTYPE

555. TORTA VAR. STAMINATA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.46:131. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: ONEIDA CO.: TABERG (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1892)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

556. TOWNSENDII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:111. 1931.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: COLONIA GARCIA; ALT. 2250 M. (TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,CM., 157. 21 JUL 1899)

CAS | 351161 | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 568126 | HOLOTYPE

557. TRACYI MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:41. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: BALD MOUNTAIN (TRACY,J.P., 4547. 04 JUL 1914)

NY

TYPE

558. TRIANGULARIS BOECKELER,J.O., FLORA 39:226. 1856.

USA: TEXAS: --- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

559. TRIBULOIDES VAR. SANGAMONENSIS CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: --(CLOKEY,I.W., 2364. 07 AUG 1915)

UC
903441
HOLOTYPE

560. X TRICHINA FERNALD,m.L., RHODORA 35:219. 1933.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (WILL IAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., 11C. 19 JUL 1902)

GH

HOLOTYPE

561. TRICHOPHYLLA NELMES,E., MEM. MUS. NATL. HIST. NAT., SER. B, BOT.4:106. 1955.

VIET-NAM, NORTH: TONKIN: CHAPU: (COUNTRY AS “TNDOCHINA”) (RETELOT,P.A., 5325. -- JUL 1930)

GH

HOLOTYPE

562. TRISPERNA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:63. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: --(DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

NY

ISOTYPE

563. TRISPERHA VAR. BILLINGSII KNIGHT,O.W., RHODORA 8:185. 1906.

USA: MAINE: SOMERSET CO.: PLEASANT RIDGE, JEWETT BROOK BOG (WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W., 5066. 05 JUL 1906)

GH

ISOTYPE

564. TSOI MERRILL,F.D. AND CHUN,N.K., SUNYATSENIA 2:207. 1935.

CHINA: KWANGTIJNG: HAINAN (ISLAND), DUNG KA TO WEN FA SHI (CHUN,N.K. AND TSO.C.L., 43680. -- --- 1932-1933)

GH |  | ISPTYPE
NY |  | TYPF
US | 1675120 | TYPE MATERIAL

565. TUMULICOLA MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:154. 1907.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: LAKE TEMESCAL (BIOLETTI,F.T., 1. 25 JUN 1893)

NY

HOLOTYPE

566. TUNIMANENSIS STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:65. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48334. 07 JUL 1942)

F
1128966
TYPE

567. TURGESCENS TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:419. 1836.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (INGALLS,T., ---, ---)

NY

TYPE

568. TURUMIQUIRENSIS STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70, FIG.7.1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, RIDGE DIVIDING HEADWATERS OF RIO MANZANARES AND RIO DE AMANA; ALT. 1900-2000 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62705. 10 MAY 1945)

F | 1266150 | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | ISOTYPE
US | 1933688 | ISOTYPE

-U-

569. ULTRA BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:83. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: ARIZONA: COCHISE CO.: HUACHUCA (LEMMON,J.G., 2. 21 JUN 1882)

DS | 63991 | ISOTYPE
DS | 64032 | ISOTYPE

570. UMBELLATA VAR. VICINA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:317.1826.

USA: --: -- (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

571. UNCOMPAHGRE KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 38:1. 1947.

USA: COLORADO: LA PLATA CO.: LA PLATA MOUNTAINS, MOUNT HESPERUS, GOLD KING MINE (KELSO,L., 6058. 03 JUL 1947)

GH

ISOTYPE

572. UNDERWOODII BRITTON,N.L., TORREYA 5:10. 1905.

JAMAICA: --: SALT HILL MARSH (UNDERWOOD,L.M., 158. 29 JAN 1903)

NY

TYPE

573. UNILATERALIS MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:43. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: ALTON (TRACY,J.P., 3783. 21 JUL 1912)

NY

TYPE

-V-

574. VAGANS HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:301. 1904.

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: STEEN MOUNTAIN, ANDREWS (LEIBERG,J.B., 2558. 10 JUL 1896)

NY

ISOTYPE

575. VAGINATA VAR. ALTO-CAULIS DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 41:227. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: GENESEE CO.: BERGEN (PAINE,J.A.,---. ---)

GH

HOLOTYPE

576. VALLICOLA DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:40. 1861.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: SNAKE RIVER, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (DEWEY,C., 10. 18 JUN 1860)

GH

HOLOTYPE

577. VENOSIVAGINATA STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:67.1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CERRO HUTTZ, BETWEEN MIMANHUITZ AND YULHUITZ; ALT. 2600 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48554. 14 JUL 1942)

F | 1129094 | HOLOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE

578. VERNACULA VAR. HOBSONII MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER RANGE, WHITE PINE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R., 14013. 16 JUL 1936)

CAS | 348507 | ISOTYPE
GH |  | ISOTYPE
NY |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 1872573 | ISOTYPE

579. VESICARIA VAR. JEJUNA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:53. 1901.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: MADAWASKA LAKE (WILLIAMS,E.F., ---. -- AUG 1900)

GH

HOLOTYPE

580. VESICARIA VAR. LAURENTIANA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:232. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN’S (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1474. 31 JUL 1929)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 2050647 | ISOTYPE

581. VESTITA VAR. KENNEDYI FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 2:170. 1900.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: WILMINGTON, SILVER LAKE (KENNEDY,G.G., ---. 11 JUN 1899)

GH

HOLOTYPE

582. VEXANS HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:156. 1955.

USA: FLORIDA: HENDRY CO.: CLEWISTON (DEAM,C.C., 61177. 19 MAR 1941)

US
2231425
HOLOTYPE

583. VICARIA BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:49. 1889.

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E.,---. -- --- 1871)

GH

HOLOTYPE

584. VIOLACEA CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:87. 1908.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 587. -- --- 1862)

MO

TYPE COLLECTION

585. VIRIDIOR MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:331. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: OKANOGAN CO.: SHEEP MOUNTAINS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 3329. 30 JUL-01 AUG 1916)

US
886234
TYPE

586. VIRIDULA FOR. PYGNAEA LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:115. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, SWAMPY BAY (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39274. 16 AUG 1961)

GH

ISOTYPE

587. VITIENSIS ST.JOHN,H., PACIFIC SCI. 1:116, FIG.1. 1947.

FIJI: - -: VITI LEVU (ISLAND) (ST.JOHN,H., 18330. 18 AUG 1937)

US
1967819
ISOTYPE

588. VITREA HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: PALM SPRINGS (PARISH,S.B., 4144. 04-13 APR 1896)

F | 89120 | TYPE MATERIAL
MO |  | ISOTYPE
US | 279151 | ISOTYPE

589. VULPINOIDEA VAR. PYCNOCEPHALA HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 38:363. 1936.

USA: MICHIGAN: EMMET CO.: BIG STONE BAY (HERMANN,F.J., 6408. 14 AUG 1934)

GH

HOLOTYPE

-W-

590. MAHUENSIS VAR. RUBIGINOSA KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:257, FIG.2,3A-D. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KILAUEA IKI (BEAN,R.S.: HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H., 11228. 21 DEC 1931)

US
2074653
TYPE COLLECTION

591. WATSONI OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR.370. 1871.

USA: NEVADA: ORMSBY CO.: CARSON CITY (WATSON,S., 1246. - - MAY 1868)

GH

HOLOTYPE

592. WERDERNANNII GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E., NOTIZBL. BOT. GART. BERLIN-DAHLEM 10:763. 1929.

CHILE: LLANQUIHUE: ALT. 700 M. (WERDERMANN,E., 1687.-- MAR 1925)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

593. WHITNEYI OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA; ALT. 12000 FT. (BOLANOER,H.N., 5086. - - --- 1866)

MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. -- --- 1866)

F | 309085 | SYNTYPE
F | 309086 | SYNTYPE
MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 9000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1778. 04 JUL 1863)

MO |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

594. WIEGANDII MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:108. 1931.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BAY OF ISLANDS, HUMBER ARM, CURLING (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2776. 21 JUL 1910)

GH

ISOTYPE

595. WILKESII TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C., U.S. EXPLOR. EXPED. 17:477, PL.17.1854.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

596. WILLDENOVII VAR. PAUCIFLORA OLNEY.S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 2:482. 1894.

USA: TEXAS: HARRIS CO.: HOUSTON (HALL,E., ---. -- --- 1872)

GH

TYPE COLLECTION

597. WILLDENOWII VAR. MEGARRHYNCHA HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 51:277. 1954.

USA: GEORGIA: JASPER CO.: OCMULGEE (SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H., 4872. 06 APR 1949)

US
2133191
TYPE COLLECTION

598. WILLIAMSII BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: DAWSON (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---.12 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

599. HOODII DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:249. 1846.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: PERCH LAKE, PERCH RIVER (CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.,---: - --)

GH

HOLOTYPE

600. WRIGHT11 DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

USA: TEXAS: -- (WRIGHT,C., 1561. -- --- 1850)

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-X-

601. X XANTHINA FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:230. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: MAIN RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 1455. 27 AUG 1929)

GH |  | HOLOTYPE
US | 2050636 | ISOTYPE

602. XANTHOCARPA VAR. ANNECTANS BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 23:23. 1896.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND VALLEY (BRITTON,N.L., ---. 06 JUL 1895)

NY

TYPE

603. XERANTICA BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: FILE HILLS; 50.5N., 104W. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 04 JUL 1879)

GH |  | SYNTYPE
NY |  | SYNTYPE

604. XEROCARPA WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 42:334. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.-- )

NY

TYPE COLLECTION

-Y-

605. YUKONENSIS BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 18 JUN 1899)

NY

TYPE

-Z-

606. ZIZANIAEFOLIA RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 53:36. 1959.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (TSAI,H.T., 62809. -- --- 1934)

A

HOLOTYPE

AUTHOR INDEX

AUTHOR | DATE | SPECIES
BAILEY,L.H. | 1935 | ABLATA
| 1889 | ACUTINA
| 1889 | ALBIDA
| 1889 | ALMA
| 1893 | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA
| 1886 | *BRONGNIARTII
| 1889 | CALIFORNICA
| 1884 | *CANESCENS
| 1920 | CHIKUNGANA
| 1889 | COMMUNIS
| 1889 | DONNELL-SMITHII
| 1893 | DURIFOLIA
| 1896 | EGGERTII
| 1889 | ELEOCHARIS
| 1886 | ENGELMANNI
| 1889 | *FESTIVA
| 1893 | FETA
| 1889 | *FOENEA
| 1886 | *GAYANA
| 1889 | *GRISEA
| 1884 | HALLIANA
| 1896 | HASSEI
| 1889 | *HOODII
| 1896 | IDAHOA
| 1889 | ILLOTA
| 1886 | INOPS
| 1893 | INTERIOR
| 1889 | JONESII
| 1920 | KULINGANA
| 1898 | MADRENSIS
| 1886 | *MARCIDA
| 1916 | MARIPOSANA
| 1889 | *MILIARIS
| 1892 | MONTANENSIS
| 1896 | *NEBRASKENSIS
| 1885 | NERVINA
| 1898 | OAXACANA
| 1888 | PANSA
| 1892 | PRINGLEI
| 1891 | QUADRIFIDA
| 1891 | *QUADRIFIDA
| 1886 | *RETROCURVA
| 1888 | *ROSEA
| 1898 | SEATONIANA
| 1889 | SPECIFICA
| 1889 | SPRETA
| 1893 | *STERILIS
| 1889 | *STRAMINEA
| 1889 | *STRAMINEA
BAILEY,L.H. | 1886 | *STYLOSA
| 1889 | *TERETIUSCULA
| 1886 | ULTRA
| 1889 | VICARIA
| 1892 | XERANTICA
BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN | 1890 | *PRATENSIS
BICKNELL,E.P. | 1908 | ABDITA
| 1908 | INCOMPERTA
| 1896 | *XANTHOCARPA
BLAKE,S.T. | 1947 | ACROPHILA
| 1947 | BREVIS
| 1947 | EREMOSTACHYA
| 1947 | LAMPROCHLAMYS
| 1947 | MELANOPHORA
| 1947 | PERILEIA
BOECKELER,J.O. | 1877 | BURCHELLIANA
| 1896 | DURANDII
| 1875 | FENOLERIANA
| 1886 | FUSCOLUTEA
| 1877 | *LONGIROSTRIS
| 1896 | MANDONIANA
| 1856 | TRIANGULARIS
BOOTT,F. | 1867 | *ACUTA
| 1846 | BANKSII
| 1867 | BREWERI
| 1862 | CONJUNCTA
| 1858 | *CRINITA
| 1846 | GEYERI
| 1846 | GRIFFITHII
| 1867 | HEBETATA
| 1867 | LACINIATA
| 1867 | OLIGANTHA
| 1859 | PARCIFLORA
| 1846 | SANGUINEA
| 1862 | *SCOPARIA
| 1860 | *TENTACULATA
BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A. | 1863 | *BONPLANDII
| 1859 | CONFERTIFLORA
| 1859 | MICANS
| 1859 | NANA
| 1859 | PAPULOSA
| 1859 | PICTA
BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J. | 1839 | APERTA
| 1839 | BACKII
| 1839 | FRANKLINII
| 1839 | HEPBURNII
BOOTT,W. | 1884 | ASSINIBOINENSIS
| 1884 | LEMMONI
| 1884 | PRAEGRACILIS
BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S. | 1880 | HETERONEURA
| 1880 | KELLOGGII
| 1880 | NUDATA
| 1880 | PHYLLOMANICA
| 1883 | SCHAFFNERI
| 1880 | *SCOPARIA
| 1880 | SUBFUSCA
BRITTON,N.L. | 1901 | BONANZENSIS
| 1895 | *STRICTA
| 1905 | UNDERWOODII
| 1901 | WILLIAMSII
| 1901 | YUKONENSIS
BROWN,F.B.H. | 1930 | TAHITENSIS
BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J. | 1819 | PODOCARPA
| 1819 | RICHARDSONII
BUCKLEY,S.B. | 1843 | CAROLINIANA
| 1843 | MISERA
| 1843 | STYLOFLEXA
CAREY,J. | 1847 | PLATYPHYLLA
| 1847 | SYCHNOCEPHALA
CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUOEL,E.G. | 1855 | PACHYSTACHYA
CHAPMAN,A.W. | 1860 | *DIGITALIS
| 1860 | *STELLULATA
CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F. | 1862 | *STIPATA
CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C. | 1847 | BALTZELLII
CHEESEMAN,T.F. | 1892 | *COMANS
| 1883 | DEVIA
| 1884 | PETRIEI
CLARKE,C.B. | 1908 | AEQUA
| 1908 | FELIPENSIS
| 1903 | ICHANGENSIS
| 1903 | LANCIFOLIA
| 1903 | *LONGICRURIS
| 1904 | PRAINII
| 1908 | PSEUDOJAPONICA
| 1907 | SUBTRANSVERSA
| 1908 | VIOLACEA
CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D. | 1906 | RHYNCHACHAENIUM
CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A. | 1939 | *ANGUSTIOR
CLOKEY,I.W. | 1922 | APODA
| 1919 | ARAPAHOENSIS
| 1939 | *INTERIOR
| 1922 | PAYSONIS
| 1919 | SUBIMPRESSA
| 1919 | *TRIBULOIDES
CRONQUIST,A. | 1943 | OBOVOIDEA
CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A. | 1841 | AESTIVALIS
DEWEY,C. | 1849 | *ALOPECOIDEA
| 1835 | ARCTICA
DEWEY,C. | 1854 | *ARISTATA
| 1836 | BACKANA
| 1845 | BUCKLEYI
| 1842 | *CEPHALOPHORA
| 1826 | COLLECTA
| 1836 | COLUMBIANA
| 1861 | *DOUGLASII
| 1836 | FESTIVA
| 1846 | FLACCOSPERMA
| 1824 | FORMOSA
| 1846 | HALEI
| 1826 | HALSEYANA
| 1854 | HAYDENII
| 1826 | HITCHCOCKIANA
| 1836 | HOOKERANA
| 1849 | IGNOTA
| 1847 | ILLINOENSIS
| 1857 | LAEVI-CONICA
| 1846 | LEAVENWORTHII
| 1842 | MEADII
| 1857 | MEEKII
| 1836 | MIRABILIS
| 1854 | NEBRASKENSIS
| 1842 | NUTTALLII
| 1835 | PARRYANA
| 1836 | PETASATA
| 1836 | PETRICOSA
| 1861 | RAYNOLDSII
| 1842 | SARTWELLII
| 1825 | SCHWEINITZII
| 1826 | SICCATA
| 1824 | TENERA
| 1825 | TRISPERMA
| 1826 | *UMBELLATA
| 1866 | *VAGINATA
| 1861 | VALLICOLA
| 1846 | WOODII
DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H. | 1859 | BARBARAE
| 1859 | THURBERI
| 1859 | WRIGHTII
DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A. | 1845 | COOLEYI
| 1861 | *HIRSUTA
| 1845 | PRAIREA
| 1845 | RETROCURVA
DREJER,S.T.N. | 1841 | PRATENSIS
ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J. | 1846 | PREISSII
FERNALD,M.L. | 1942 | *ABSCONDITA
| 1942 | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS
| 1902 | AENEA
FERNALD,M.L. | 1902 | *ALATA
| 1942 | *AMPHIBOLA
| 1942 | BAYAROI
| 1902 | *CANESCENS
| 1907 | CILIARIS
| 1902 | CRAWFORDII
| 1902 | *CRAWFORDII
| 1946 | *CRINITA
| 1897 | *CRINITA
| 1937 | *CRUS-CORVI
| 1942 | *CUMULATA
| 1942 | *DEBILIS
| 1913 | *DEWEYANA
| 1941 | *DIGITALIS
| 1938 | *DIGITALIS
| 1902 | *ECHINATA
| 1906 | *FLAVA
| 1935 | GARBERI
| 1935 | *GARBERI
| 1906 | *GLAREOSA
| 1906 | HARPERI
| 1906 | HORMATHODES
| 1942 | *INFLATA
| 1906 | *INTERIOR
| 1942 | *INTUMESCENS
| 1901 | KATAHDINENSIS
| 1933 | LANGEANA
| 1942 | *LASIOCARPA
| 1906 | *LAXIFLORA
| 1926 | *LIVIDA
| 1902 | *MIRABILIS
| 1902 | *MIRABILIS
| 1915 | MISANDROIDES
| 1902 | ORONENSIS
| 1942 | *PALLESCENS
| 1918 | *PAUPERCULA
| 1906 | *PAUPERCULA
| 1907 | PERLONGA
| 1933 | X PSEUDO-FULVA
| 1942 | *RICHARDSONII
| 1941 | RUGATA
| 1902 | *SCOPARIA
| 1921 | *SCOPARIA
| 1902 | *STRAMINEA
| 1902 | *TENERA
| 1942 | TERRAE-NOVAE
| 1933 | X TRICHINA
| 1901 | *VESICARIA
| 1933 | *VESICARIA
FERNALD,M.L. | 1900 | *VESTITA
| 1933 | X XANTHINA
FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A. | 1931 | CLIVICOLA
FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M. | 1911 | *HORNSCHUCHIANA
| 1924 | *HOSTIANA
| 1912 | *SCOPARIA
| 1910 | *SCOPARIA
FRANCHET,A. | 1895 | FARGESII
| 1896 | PTEROLEPTA
FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L. | 1879 | MACROGLOSSA
| 1879 | *NUTANS
| 1879 | PLANATA
| 1879 | PODOGYNA
GANDOGER,M. | 1920 | CRANDALLII
GAUDIN,J.F.G.P. | 1830 | *FLAVA
GRAY,A. | 1867 | *DEBILIS
GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J. | 1836 | *OLIGOCARPA
GROSS,R. | 1941 | *PHALAROIDES
| 1941 | *PIRCHINCHENSIS
| 1941 | *PURPUREOVAGINATA
| 1941 | SALTAENSIS
GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E. | 1929 | WERDERMANNII
HEMSLEY,W.B. | 1885 | POTOSINA
HERMANN,F.J. | 1955 | AMPLISQUAMA
| 1938 | *ARTITECTA
| 1957 | ATHABASCENSIS
| 1950 | ATRACTODES
| 1963 | *BIPARTITA
| 1967 | CHIAPENSIS
| 1938 | X DEAMII
| 1960 | *EGGLESTONII
| 1957 | EURYSTACHYA
| 1965 | *FISSA
| 1971 | GUATEMALENSIS
| 1957 | INCONDITA
| 1941 | *INTERIOR
| 1938 | *LAXIFLORA
| 1956 | LIMNOPHILA
| 1968 | *MICROPTERA
| 1937 | PELOCARPA
| 1950 | PERCOSTATA
| 1964 | PLECTOCARPA
| 1957 | *PRATICOLA
| 1950 | QUICHENSIS
| 1948 | ROANENSIS
| 1955 | VEXANS
| 1936 | *VULPINOIDEA
| 1954 | *WILLDENOWII
HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R. | 1949 | MURICULATA
HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G. HOLM,H.T. | 1855 | MERCARENSIS
| 1903 | ACCEDENS
| 1905 | BRACHYPODA
| 1905 | CAMPLYOCARPA
| 1903 | CHALCIOLEPIS
| 1900 | ELYNOIDES
| 1905 | EURYCARPA
| 1903 | *FESTIVA
| 1902 | GYMNOCLADA
| 1904 | LACUNARUM
| 1905 | *LUZULAEFOLIA
| 1904 | MICROCHAETA
| 1905 | OXYCARPA
| 1905 | PACHYSTOMA
| 1904 | PHAEOLEPIS
| 1904 | PHYSOCHLAENA
| 1902 | PRIONPHYLLA
| 1904 | *SCIRPOIDEA
| 1904 | *SCIRPOIDEA
| 1904 | VAGANS
| 1904 | VITREA
HOOKER,J.D. | 1887 | SCAPOSA
HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C. | 1894 | ROSAEOIDES
HOWELL,J.T. | 1958 | JEPSONII
| 1949 | SPECUICOLA
| 1961 | TOMPKINSI
HULTEN,O.E.G. | 1942 | JACOBI-PETERI
JONES,M.E. | 1910 | ABORIGINUM
| 1910 | ELRODI
| 1910 | STANTONENSIS
KELSO,L. | 1945 | ELBERTANA
| 1950 | ERXLEBENIANA
| 1945 | HAGIANA
| 1947 | UNCOMPAHGRE
KNIGHT,O.W. | 1906 | *TRISPERMA
KOYAMA,T. | 1969 | OBLANCEOLATA
| 1959 | TAMAKII
KRAUSS,R. | 1950 | KAUAIENSIS
| 1950 | *PLUVICA
| 1950 | *WAHUENSIS
KRECZETOWICZ,V.I. | 1934 | PHILOCRENA
KUKENTHAL,G. | 1929 | *APERTA
| 1929 | *APERTA
| 1910 | ARSENII
| 1910 | *BRUNNEA
| 1926 | CUBENSIS
| 1926 | *CUBENSIS
| 1926 | EKMANII
| 1910 | ELMERI
KUKENTHAL,G. | 1929 | *EURYCARPA
| 1929 | *INTERRUPTA
| 1910 | *JAMESONI
| 1910 | MERRILLII
| 1902 | MICRANTHA
| 1899 | *MICROGLOCHIN
| 1911 | PYCNOTHYSOS
| 1910 | RAMOSII
| 1938 | SARAWAKETENSIS
| 1935 | SAVAIIENSIS
| 1920 | SUKSDORFII
| 1920 | *SUKSDORFII
KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L. | 1929 | *EKMANII
KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E. | 1911 | PALAWANENSIS
KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A. | 1909 | *AQUATILIS
| 1909 | *CLADOSTACHYA
| 1909 | *FILIFOLIA
| 1909 | *HINDSII
| 1909 | *LEMANNIANA
| 1909 | *LENTICULARIS
| 1909 | *NUDATA
| 1909 | *PINETORUM
| 1909 | *STIPATA
| 1909 | *TENUIFLORA
KUNTH,C.S. | 1837 | STEUDELII
LEPAGE,E. | 1956 | X DUMANII
| 1956 | X EXSALINA
| 1964 | X NEOBIGELOWII
| 1956 | X NEOFILIPENDULA
| 1956 | X NEOPALEACEA
| 1957 | X NUBENS
| 1962 | X PATUENSIS
| 1964 | X QUEBECENSIS
| 1956 | *X SAXENII
| 1962 | *VIRIDULA
LITVINOV,D.I, | 1899 | *STENOPHYLLA
MACHENZIE | 1909 | ABRAMSII
| 1916 | ABRUPTA
| 1935 | ACUTINELLA
| 1910 | AESTIVALIFORMIS
| 1906 | AGGLOMERATA
| 1910 | AGGREGATA
| 1907 | AGROSTOIDES
| 1931 | ARCTAEFORMIS
| 1912 | ATROSOUAMA
| 1931 | AUTUMNALIS
| 1935 | AZTECICA
| 1910 | BILTMOREANA
| 1913 | BRAINERDII
MACKENZIE,K.K. | 1913 | BREVICAULIS
| 1907 | BREVISQUAMA
| 1915 | BULBOSTYLIS
| 1910 | BUSHII
| 1935 | CAESARIENSIS
| 1908 | CHIHUAHUAENSIS
| 1906 | CONCINNOIDES
| 1935 | CONSPECTA
| 1916 | CONVOLUTA
| 1914 | CRYPTOLEPIS
| 1916 | DAVYI
| 1910 | DEBILIFORMIS
| 1922 | DUDLEYI
| 1915 | EGGLESTONII
| 1915 | EGREGIA
| 1915 | FESTIVELLA
| 1931 | FISSA
| 1909 | FISSURICOLA
| 1922 | FLACCIFOLIA
| 1922 | FRACTA
| 1910 | FULVESCENS
| 1909 | FUSCOTINCTA
| 1913 | GEOPHILA
| 1916 | GRACILIOR
| 1916 | HARFORDII
| 1922 | HELLERI
| 1909 | HOLMIANA
| 1916 | INTEGRA
| 1931 | INVOLUCRATELLA
| 1916 | LANCIFRUCTUS
| 1935 | LEIOPHYLLA
| 1916 | LEPORINELLA
| 1915 | LUNELLIANA
| 1909 | MACROSPERMA
| 1906 | MEDITERRANIA
| 1923 | MERRITT-FERNALDII
| 1910 | MESOCHOREA
| 1909 | MICROPTERA
| 1935 | MISERABILIS
| 1931 | MOHRIANA
| 1931 | MOLESTA
| 1922 | MONTEREYENSIS
| 1916 | MULTICOSTATA
| 1907 | NEOMEXICANA
| 1909 | NUBICOLA
| 1914 | OKLAHOMENSIS
| 1916 | OLYMPICA
| 1915 | ONUSTA
| 1916 | PACHYCARPA
MACKENZIE,K.K. | 1922 | PAUCICOSTATA
| 1907 | PERGLOBOSA
| 1909 | PERSTRICTA
| 1913 | PITYOPHILA
| 1931 | PLATYLEPIS
| 1931 | PRAECEPTORIUM
| 1908 | PROJECTA
| 1931 | PROPOSITA
| 1935 | PURPURIFERA
| 1915 | RUGOSPERMA
| 1915 | RUSBYI
| 1931 | RUTHII
| 1909 | SALINAEFORMIS
| 1906 | SAXIMONTANA
| 1908 | SCABRIUSCULA
| 1908 | SCIRPIFORMIS
| 1915 | SHELDONII
| 1907 | SIMULATA
| 1909 | SMALLIANA
| 1935 | STELLATA
| 1922 | STENOPTERA
| 1916 | SUB-BRACTEATA
| 1916 | TENERAEFORMIS
| 1931 | TOWNSENDII
| 1922 | TRACYI
| 1907 | TUMULICOLA
| 1922 | UNILATERALIS
| 1931 | WIEGANDII
MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J. | 1930 | LARICINA
MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L. | 1923 | NEUROPHORA
| 1923 | SUBORBICULATA
| 1923 | VIRIDIOR
MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE, | 1915 | CUSICKII
| 1915 | PIPERI
IN RYDBERG,P.A. | 1917 | ALBO-NIGRA
| 1917 | ANGUSTIOR
| 1917 | EPAPILLOSA
| 1917 | INCURVIFORMIS
| 1917 | LEPTOPODA
| 1917 | NELSONII
MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K. | 1913 | MAGNIFOLIA
MAGUIRE,B. | 1944 | INTERIMUS
| 1944 | RACHILLIS
| 1944 | *VERNACULA
HOLMGREN,A.H. | 1946 | *CAMPYLOCARPA
MARIE-VICTORIN, (FRERE) | 1929 | *OEDERI
MERRILL,E.D. | 1918 | BAMBUSETORUM
| 1934 | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA
MERRILL,E.O. AND CHUN,N.K. | 1935 | TSOI
MEYER,C.A. | 1831 | CIRCINNATA
| 1831 | LEIOCARPA
| 1831 | NIGRICANS
MOHR,C. | 1910 | *STIPATA
MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW I,C.,L. | 1805 | RETROFLEXA
NELMES,E. | 1938 | EXPLORATORUM
| 1939 | SCHNEIDERI
| 1955 | TRICHOPHYLLA
O’NEILL,H.T. | 1940 | BARTLETTII
O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M. | 1941 | DUTILLYI
OHWI,J. | 1934 | APODOSTACHYA
| 1931 | CUNEATA
| 1934 | HATUSIMANA
| 1932 | HYMENODON
| 1933 | KURILENSIS
| 1932 | RUGATA
| 1952 | TETSUOI
OLNEY,S.T. | 1871 | PORTERI
OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. | 1884 | *ADUSTA
| 1888 | *DEWEYANA
| 1886 | *LEPORINA
| 1886 | DREGONENSIS
OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M. | 1894 | *WILLDENOVII
OLNEY.S.T. EX BOOTT.W. IN WATSON,S. | 1880 | MENDOCINENSIS
OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A. | 1868 | ATHROSTACHYA
| 1868 | CINNAMOMEA
| 1868 | GYNODYNAMA
| 1868 | LUZULINA
| 1868 | SARTWELLIANA
| 1868 | WHITNEYI
OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V. | 1872 | HALLII
OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S. | 1871 | *AUREA
| 1871 | HAYDENIANA
| 1871 | WATSONI
PARISH,S.B. | 1905 | AUSTROMONTANA
| 1905 | JACINTOENSIS
PECK,C.H. | 1895 | *ROSEA
| 1894 | *ROSEA
| 1895 | *STIPATA
| 1893 | *TORTA
PETRIE,D. | 1881 | KALOIDES S
| 1882 | LONGICULMI
PIPER,C.V. | 1906 | *HOODII
| 1906 | PHAEOCEPHALA
PORSILD,A.E. | 1943 | *ATROFUSCA
| 1939 | KOKRINENSIS
| 1939 | MELOZITNENSIS
| 1943 | MORRISSEYI
PRESL,K.B. | 1828 | ANTHOXANTHERA
RAUP,H.M. | 1947 | SOPERI
RAYMOND,M. | 1959 | SURCULOSA
| 1959 | ZIZANIAEFOLIA
ROACH,A.W. | 1952 | DIVERSISTYLIS
RYDBERG,P.A. | 1901 | EBENEA
SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C. | 1855 | CHAPMANI
| 1849 | SCABRIOR
SCHWEINITZ,L.D. | 1824 | COSTATA
| 1824 | CRISTATA
| 1824 | GRACILLIMA
| 1824 | NIGRO-MARGINATA
| 1824 | NOVAE-ANGLIAE
SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J. | 1824 | BARRATTII
SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G. | 1844 | CRUS-CORVI
ST.JOHN,H. | 1947 | VITIENSIS
STACEY,J.W. | 1938 | CONSTANCEANA
| 1937 | CURATORIUM
| 1939 | DANAENSIS
| 1938 | EASTWOODIANA
| 1936 | OBISPOENSIS
| 1937 | SONOMENSIS
| 1939 | SUBNIGRICANS
STANDLEY,P.C. | 1947 | STEYERMARKII
STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A. | 1953 | CUCHUMATANENSIS
| 1947 | HUEHUETECA
| 1953 | TOJQUIANENSIS
| 1953 | TUNIMANENSIS
| 1953 | VENOSIVAGINATA
STEUDECE.G. | 1855 | AMPHIBOLA
| 1855 | AUROLENSIS
| 1855 | FLACCIDULA
| 1855 | INCISO-DENTATA
| 1855 | MACROKOLEA
| 1855 | PICTA
| 1855 | PRESLII
| 1855 | PTYCHOCARPA
STEYERMARK,J.A. | 1964 | AZUAYAE
| 1951 | CULMENICOLA
| 1951 | LARENSIS
| 1951 | RORAIMENSIS
| 1952 | STANDLEYANA
| 1951 | TACHIRENSIS
| 1951 | TAMANA
| 1954 | TOREADORA
| 1951 | TURUMIQUIRENSIS
SUKSDORF,W.N. | 1923 | *NEBRASKENSIS
| 1906 | PADDOENSIS
TORREY.J. | 1836 | ALATA
| 1836 | JAMESII
TORREY,J. | 1836 | SCOULERI
| 1836 | TURGESCENS
TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C. | 1836 | CAREYANA
| 1846 | HETEROSTACHYA
| 1836 | HOUGHTONIANA
TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C. | 1854 | WILKESII
TUCKERMAN,E. | 1843 | ALOPECOIDEA
| 1843 | *CANESCENS
| 1843 | *SCOPARIA
TUCKERMAN.E. EX DEWEY,C. | 1860 | ARGYRANTHA
TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY.S.T. IN GRAY,A. | 1868 | GLAUCODEA
UNDERWOOD,J.K. | 1945 | *OXYLEPIS
WAHLENBERG,G. | 1803 | AQUATILIS
WATERFALL,U.T. | 1954 | LATEBRACTEATA
WEATHERBY,C.A. | 1936 | MACKENZIANA
WIEGAND,K.M. | 1922 | CREBRIFLORA
| 1922 | ORMOSTACHYA
WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C. | 1866 |

PUBLICATION-DATE INDEX

DATE | TAXON | AUTHOR
1803 | AQUATILIS | WAHL ENTBERG,G.
1805 | RETROFLEXA | MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L.
1819 | PODOCARPA | BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J.
| RICHARDSONII | BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,.
1824 | BARRATTII | SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J.
| COSTATA | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
| CRISTATA | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
| FORMOSA | DEWEY,C.
| GRACILLIMA | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
| NIGPO-MARGINATA | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
| NOVAE-ANGLIAE | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
| TENERA | DEWEY,C.
1825 | SCHWEINITZII | DEWEY,C.
| TRISPEPMA | DEWEY,C.
1826 | COLLECTA | DEWEY,C.
| HALSEYANA | DEWEY,C.
| HITCHCOCKIANA | DEWEY,C.
| SICCATA | DEWEY,C.
| *UMBELLATA | DEWEY,C.
1828 | ANTHOXANTHERA | PRESL,K.B.
1830 | *FLAVA | GAUDIN,J.F.G.P.
1831 | CIRCINNATA | MEYER,C.A.
| LEIOCARPA | MEYER,C.A.
| NIGRICANS | MEYER,C.A.
1835 | ARCTICA | DEWEY,C.
| PARRYANA | DEWEY,C.
1836 | ALATA | TORREY,J.
| BACKANA | DEWEY,C.
| CAREYANA | TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.
| COLUMBIANA | DEWEY,C.
| FESTIVA | DEWEY,C.
| HOOKERANA | DEWEY,C.
| HOUGHTONIANA | TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.
| JAMESII | TORREY,J.
| MIRABILIS | DEWEY,C.
| *OLIGOCARPA | GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J.
| PETASATA | DEWEY,C.
| PETRICOSA | DEWEY,C.
| SCOULERI | TORREY,J.
| TURGESCENS | TORREY,J.
1837 | STEUDELII | KUNTH,C.S.
1839 | APERTA | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.
| BACKII | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.
| FRANKLINII | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.
| HEPBURNII | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.
1841 | AESTIVALIS | CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A.
| PRATENSIS | OREJER,S.T.N.
1842 | *CEPHALOPHORA | DEWEY,C.
| MEAOII | DEWEY,C.
1842 | NUTTALLII | DEWEY,C.
| SARTWELLII | DEWEY,C.
1843 | ALOPECOIDEA | TUCKERMAN,E.
| *CANESCENS | TUCKERMAN,E.
| CAROLINIANA | BUCKLEY,S.B.
| MISERA | BUCKLEY,S.B.
| *SCOPARIA | TUCKERMAN.E.
| STYLOFLEXA | BUCKLEY,S.B.
1844 | CRUS-CORVI | SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G.
1845 | BUCKLEYI | DEWEY,C.
| COOLEYI | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.
| PRAIREA | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.
| RETROCURVA | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.
1846 | BANKSII | BOOTT,F.
| FLACCOSPERMA | OEWEY,C.
| GEYERT | BOOTT,F.
| GRIFFITHII | BOOTT,F.
| HALE1 | DEWEY,C.
| HETEROSTACHYA | TORREY,J. EX OEWEY,C.
| LEAVENWORTHII | DEWEY,C.
| PREISSII | ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J.
| SANGUINEA | BOOTT,F.
| WOODII | DEWEY,C.
1847 | BALTZELLII | CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C.
| ILLINOENSIS | DEWEY,C.
| PLATYPHYLLA | CAREY,J.
| SYCHNOCEPHAIA | CAREY,J.
1849 | *ALOPECOIDEA | DEWEY,C.
| IGNOTA | DEWEY,C.
| SCABRIOR | SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.
1854 | *ARISTATA | DEWEY,C.
| HAYDENII | DEWEY,C.
| NEBRASKENSIS | DEWEY,C.
| WILKESII | TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C.
1855 | AMPHIBOLA | STEUDEL,E.G.
| AUROLENSIS | STEUDEL,E.G.
| CHAPMAN I | SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.
| FLACCIDULA | STEUDEL,E.G.
| INCISO-DENTATA | STEUDEL,E.G.
| MACROKOLEA | STEUDEL,E.G.
| MERCARENSIS | HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUOEL,E.G.
| PACHYSTACHYA | CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G.
| PICTA | STEUDEL,E.G.
| PRESLII | STEUDEL,E.G.
| PTYCHOCARPA | STEUOEL,E.G.
1856 | TRIANGULARIS | BOECKELER,J.O.
1857 | LAEVI-CONICA | DEWEY,C.
| MEEKII | DEWEY,C.
1858 | *CRINTTA | BOOTT,F.
1859 | BARBARAE | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.
| CONFERTIFLORA | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
| MICANS | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
| NANA | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
| PAPULOSA | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
| PARCIFLORA | BOOTT,F.
| PICTA | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
| THURBERI | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.
| WRIGHTII | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN
1860 | ARGYRANTHA | TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C. EMORY,W.H.
| *DIGITALIS | CHAPMAN,A.W.
| *STELLULATA | CHAPMAN,A.W.
| *TENTACULATA | BOOTT,F.
1861 | *DOUGLASII | DEWEY,C.
| *HIRSUTA | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.
| RAYNOLOSII | DEWEY,C.
| VALLICOLA | DEWEY,C.
1862 | CONJUNCTA | BOOTT,F.
| *SCOPARIA | BOOTT,F.
| *STIPATA | CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F.
1863 | *BONPLANDII | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.
1866 | *VAGINATA | DEWEY,C.
| XEROCARPA | WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C.
1867 | *ACUTA | BOOTT,F.
| BREWERI | BOOTT,F.
| *DEBILIS | GRAY,A.
| HEBETATA | BOOTT,F.
| LACINIATA | BOOTT,F.
| OLIGANTHA | BOOTT,F.
1868 | ATHROSTACHYA | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| CINNAMOMEA | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| GLAUCODEA | TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| GYNOOYNAMA | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| LUZULINA | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| SARTWELLIANA | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
| WHITNEYI | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.
1871 | *AUREA | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.
| HAYDENIANA | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.
| PORTERI | OLNEY,S.T.
| WATSONI | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.
1872 | HALLII | OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V.
1875 | FENDLERIANA | BOECKELER,J.O.
1877 | BURCHELLIANA | BOECKELER,J.O.
| *LONGIROSTRIS | BOECKELER,J.O.
1879 | MACROGLOSSA | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.
| *NUTANS | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.
| PLANATA | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.
| PODOGYNA | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.
1880 | HETEPONEURA | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
1880 | KELLOGGII | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
| MENOOCINENSIS | OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S
| NUDATA | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
| PHYLLOMANICA | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
| *SCOPARIA | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
| SUBFUSCA | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
1881 | KALOIDES | PETRIE,D.
1882 | LONGICULMIS | PETRIE,D.
1883 | DEVIA | CHEESEMAN,T.F.
| SCHAFFNERI | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.
1884 | *ADUSTA | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.
| ASSINIBOINENSIS | BOOTT,W.
| *CANESCENS | BAILEY,L.H.
| HALLIANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| LEMMONI | BOOTT,W.
| PETRIEI | CHEESEMAN,T.F.
| PRAEGRACILIS | BOOTT,W.
1885 | NERVINA POTOSINA | BAILEY,L.H. HEMSLEY,W.B.
1886 | *BRONGNIARTII | BAILEY,L.H.
| ENGELMANNI | BAILEY,L.H.
| FUSCOLUTEA | BOECKELER,J.O.
| *GAYANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| I NOP S | BAILEY,L.H.
| *LEPORINA | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.
| *MARCIDA | BAILEY,L.H.
| OREGONENSIS | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.
| *RETROCURVA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *STYLOSA | BAILEY,L.H.
| ULTRA | BAILEY,L.H.
1887 | SCAPOSA | HOOKER,J.D.
1888 | *DEWEYANA | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.
| PANSA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *ROSEA | BAILEY,L.H.
1889 | ACUTINA ALBIDA | BAILEY,L.H. BAILEY,L.H.
| ALMA | BAILEY,L.H.
| CALIFORNICA | BAILEY,L.H.
| COMMUNIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| DONNELL-SMITHII | BAILEY,L.H.
| ELEOCHARIS | BAILEY,L.H.
*FESTIVA |  | BAILEY,L.H.
| *FOENEA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *GRISEA | BAILEY,L.H.
| * HOOD 11 | BAILEY,L.H.
| ILLOTA | BAILEY,L.H.
| JONESII | BAILEY,L.H.
| *MILIARIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| SPECIFICA | BAILEY,L.H.
1889 | SPRETA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *STRAMINEA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *STRAMINEA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *TERETTUSCULA | BAILEY,L.H.
| VICARIA | BAILEY,L.H.
1890 | *PRATENSIS | BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN
1891 | QUADRIFIDA | BAILEY,L.H.
| *QUAORIFIDA | BAILEY,L.H.
1892 | *COMANS | CHEESEMAN,T.F.
| MONTANENSIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| PRINGLEI | BAILEY,L.H.
| XERANTICA | BAILEY,L.H.
1893 | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| OURIFOLIA | BAILEY,L.H.
| FETA | BAILEY,L.H.
| INTERIOR | BAILEY,L.H.
| *STERILIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| *TORTA | PECK,C.H.
1894 | ROSAEOIDES | HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C.
| *ROSEA | PECK,C.H.
| *WILLDENOVII | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M.
1895 | FARGESII | FRANCHET,A.
| *ROSEA | PECK,C.H.
| *STIPATA | PECK,C.H.
| *STRICTA | BRITTON,N.L.
1896 | DURANOII | BOECKELER,J.O.
| EGGERTII | BAILEY,L.H.
| HASSEI | BAILEY,L.H.
| IDAHOA | BAILEY,L.H.
| MANDONIANA | BOECKELER,J.O.
| *NEBRASKENSIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| PTEROLEPTA | FRANCHET,A.
| *XANTHOCARPA | BICKNELL,E.P.
1897 | *CRINITA | FERNALD,M.L.
1898 | MADRENSIS | BAILEY,L.H.
| OAXACANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| SEATONIANA | BAILEY,L.H.
1899 | *MICROGLOCHIN | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *STENOPHYLLA | LITVINOV,D.I.
1900 | ELYNOIOES | HOLM,H.T.
| *VESTITA | FERNALD,M.L.
1901 | BONANZENSIS | BRITTON,N.L.
| EBENEA | RYDBERG,P.A.
| KATAHDINENSIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| *VESICARIA | PERNALD,M.L.
| WILLIAMSII | BRITTON,N.L.
| YUKONENSIS | BRITTON,N.L.
1902 | AENEA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *AUTA | FERNALD,M.L.
1902 | *CANESCENS | FERNALD,M.L.
| CRAWFORDII | FERNALD,M.L.
| *CRAWFORDII | FERNALD,M.L.
| *ECHINATA | FERNALD,M.L.
| GYMNOCLAOA | HOLM,H.T.
| MICRANTHA | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *MIRABILIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| *MIRABILIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| ORONENSIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| PRIONPHYLLA | HOLM,H.T.
| *SCOPARIA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *STRAMINEA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *TENERA | FERNALD,M.L.
1903 | ACCEDENS | HOLM,H.T.
| CHALCIOLEPIS | HOLM.H.T.
| *FESTIVA | HOLM,H.T.
| ICHANGENSIS | CLARKE,C.B.
| LANCIFOLIA | CLARKE,C.B.
| *LONGICRURIS | CLARKE,C.B.
1904 | LACUNARUM | HOLM,H.T.
| MICROCHAETA | HOLM,H.T.
| PHAEOLEPIS | HOLM,H.T.
| PHYSOCHLAENA | HOLM,H.T.
| PRAINII | CLARKE.C.B.
| *SCIRPOIOEA | HOLM,H.T.
| *SCIRPOIOEA | HOLM,H.T.
| VAGANS | HOLM,H.T.
| VITREA | HOLM,H.T.
1905 | AUSTROMONTANA | PARISH,S.B.
| BRACHYPODA | HOLM,H.T.
| CAMPLYOCARPA | HOLM,H.T.
| EURYCARPA | HOLM,H.T.
| JACINTOENSIS | PARISH,S.B.
| *LUZULAEFOLIA | HOLM,H.T.
| OXYCARPA | HOLM,H.T.
| PACHYSTOMA | HQLM,H.T.
| UNDERWOODII | BRITTON,N.L.
1906 | AGGLOMERATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CONCINNOIDES | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *FLAVA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *GLAREOSA | FERNALD,M.L.
| HARPERI | FERNALD,M.L.
| *HOODII | PIPER,C.V.
| HORMATHOOES | FERNALD,M.L.
| *INTERIOR | FERNALD,M.L.
| *LAXTFLORA | FERNALD,M.L.
| MEDITERRANIA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PAOOOENSIS | SUKSOORF,W.N.
| *PAUPERCULA | FERNALD,M.L.
1906 | PHAEOCEPHALA | PIPER,C.V.
| RHYNCHACHAENIUM | CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D.
| SAXIMONTANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *TRISPERMA | KNIGHT,O.W.
1907 | AGROSTOIDES | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| BREVISQUAMA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CILIARIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| NEOMEXICANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PERGLOBOSA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PERLONGA | FERNALD,M.L.
| SIMULATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| SUBTRANSVERSA | CLARKE,C.B.
| TUMULICOLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1908 | ABDITA | BICKNELL,E.P.
| AEQUA | CLARKE,C.B.
| CHIHUAHUAENSIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| FELIPENSIS | CLARKE,C.B.
| INCOMPERTA | BICKNELL,E.P.
| PROJECTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PSEUDOJAPONICA | CLARKE,C.B.
| SCABRIUSCULA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| SCIRPIFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| VIOLACEA | CLARKE,C.B.
1909 | ABRAMSII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *AQUATILIS | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| *CLADOSTACHYA | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| *FILIFOLIA | KUKFNTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| FISSURICOLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| FUSCOTINCTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *HINDSII | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| HOLMIANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *LEMANNIANA | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| *LENTICULARIS | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| MACROSPERMA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MICROPTERA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| NUBICOLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *NUDATA | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| PERSTRICTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *PINETORUM | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| SALINAEFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| SMALLIANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *STIPATA | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
| *TENUIFLORA | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.
1910 | ABORIGINUM | JONES,M.E.
| AESTIVALIFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| AGGREGATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| ARSENII | KUKENTHAL,G.
| BILTMOREANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *BRUNNEA | KUKENTHAL,G.
1910 | BUSHII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| DEBILIFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| ELMERI | KUKENTHAL,G.
| ELRODI | JONES,M.E.
| FULVESCENS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *JAMESONI | KUKENTHAL,G.
| MERRILLII | KUKENTHAL,G.
| MESOCHOREA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| RAMOSII | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *SCOPARIA | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.
| STANTONENSIS | JONES,M.E.
| *STIPATA | MOHR,C.
1911 | *HORNSCHUCHIANA | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.
| PALAWANENSIS | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E.
| PYCNOTHYSOS | KUKENTHAL,G.
1912 | ATROSQUAMA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *SCOPARIA | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.
1913 | BRAINERDII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| BREVICAULIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *DEWEYANA | FERNALD.M.L.
| GEOPHILA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MAGNIFOLIA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K.
| PITYOPHILA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1914 | CRYPTOLEPIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| OKLAHOMENSIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1915 | BULBOSTYLIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CUSICKII | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K.
| EGGLESTONII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| EGREGIA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| FESTIVELLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| LUNELLIANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MISANDROIDES | FERNALD,M.L.
| ONUSTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PIPERI | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K.
| RUGOSPERMA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| RUSBYI | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| SHELDONII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1916 | ABRUPTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CONVOLUTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| DAVYI | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| GRACILIOR | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| HARFORDII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| INTEGRA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| LANCIFRUCTUS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| LEPORINELLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MARIPOSANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| MULTICOSTATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| OLYMPICA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PACHYCARPA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1916 | SUB-BRACTEATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| TENERAEFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1917 | ALBO-NIGRA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.
| ANGUSTIOR | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.
| EPAPILLOSA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.
| INCURVIFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.
| LEPTOPODA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.
| NELSONII | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PYDBERG,P.A.
1918 | BAMBUSETORUM | MERRILL,E.D.
| *PAUPERCULA | FERNALD,M.L.
1919 | ARAPAHOENSIS | CLOKEY,I.W.
| SUBIMPRESSA | CLOKEY,I.W.
| *TRIBULOIDES | CLOKEY,I.W.
1920 | CHIKUNGANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| CRANDALLII | GANOOGER,M.
| KULINGANA | BAILEY,L.H.
| SUKSDORFII | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *SUKSDORFII | KUKENTHAL,G.
1921 | *SCOPARIA | FERNALD,M.L.
1922 | APODA | CLOKEY,I.W.
| CREBRIFLORA | WIEGAND,K.M.
| DUDLEYI | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| FLACCIFOLIA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| FRACTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| HELLERI | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MONTEREYENSIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| ORMOSTACHYA | WIEGAND,K.M.
| PAUCTCOSTATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PAYSONIS | CLOKEY,I.W.
| STENOPTERA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| TRACYI | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| UNILATERALIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1923 | MERRITT-FERNALDII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| *NEBRASKENSIS | SUKSDORF,W.N.
| NEUROPHORA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.
| SUBORBICULATA | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.
| VIRIOIOR | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.
1924 | *HOSTIANA | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.
1926 | CUBENSIS | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *CUBENSIS | KUKENTHAL,G.
| EKMANII | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *LIVIDA | FERNALD,M.L.
1929 | *APERTA | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *APEPTA | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *EKMANII | KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L.
| *EURYCARPA | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *INTERRUPTA | KUKENTHAL,G.
| *OEDERI | MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE)
| WEROERMANNII | GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E.
1930 | LARICINA | MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J.
| TAHITENSIS | BROWN,F.B.H.
1931 | ARCTAEFORMIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| AUTUMNAL IS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CLIVICOLA | FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A.
| CUNEATA | OHWI,J.
| FISSA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| INVOLUCRATELLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MOHRIANA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MOLESTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PLATYLEPIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PRAECEPTORIUM | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PROPOSITA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| RUTHII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| TOWNSENDII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| WIEGANDII | MACKENZIE,K.K.
1932 | HYMENODON | OHWI,J.
| RUGATA | OHW, J.
1933 | KURILENSIS | OHWI,J.
| LANGEANA | FERNALD,M.L.
| X PSEUDO-FULVA | FERNALD,M.L.
| X TRICHINA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *VESICARIA | FERNALD,M.L.
| X XANTHINA | FERNALD,M.L.
1934 | APODOSTACHYA | OHWI,J.
| HATUSIMANA | OHWI,J.
| PHILOCRENA | KRECZETOWICZ,V.I.
| *RUBRO-BRUNNEA | MERRILL,E.D.
1935 | ABLATA | BAILEY,L.H.
| ACUTINELLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| AZTECICA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CAESARIENSIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| CONSPECTA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| GARBERI | FERNALD,M.L.
| *GARBERI | FERNALD,M.L.
| LEIOPHYLLA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| MISERABILIS | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| PURPURIFERA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| SAVAIIENSIS | KUKENTHAL,G.
| STELLATA | MACKENZIE,K.K.
| TSOI | MERRILL,E.D. AND CHUN,N.K.
1936 | MACKENZIANA | WEATHERBY,C.A.
| OBISPOENSIS | STACEY,J.W.
| *VULPINOIDEA | HERMANN,F.J.
1937 | *CRUS-CORVI | FERNALD,M.L.
| CURATORIUM | STACEY,J.W.
| PELOCARPA | HERMANN,F.J.
| SONOMENSIS | STACEY,J.W.
1938 | *ARTITECTA | HERMANN,F.J.
1938 | CONSTANCEANA | STACEY,J.W.
| X DEAMII | HERMANN,F.J.
| *DIGITALIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| EASTWOODIANA | STACEY,J.W.
| EX-PLORATORUM | NELMES,E.
| *LAXIFLORA | HERMANN,F.J.
| SARAWAKETENSIS | KUKENTHAL,G.
1939 | *ANGUSTIOR | CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.
| DANAENSIS | STACEY,J.W.
| *INTERIOR | CLOKEY,I.W.
| KOKRINENSIS | PORSILD,A.E.
| MELOZITNENSIS | PORSILD,A.E.
| SCHNEIDERI | NELMES,E.
| SUBNIGRICANS | STACEY,J.W.
1940 | BARTLETTII | O’NEILL,H.T.
1941 | *IGITALIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| DUTILLYI | O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M.
| *INTERIOR | HERMANN,F.J.
| *PHALAROIDES | GROSS,R.
| *PIRCHINCHENSIS | GROSS,R.
| *PURPUREOVAGINATA | GROSS,R.
| RUGATA | FERNALD,M.L.
| SALTAENSIS | GROSS,R.
1942 | *ABSCONDITA | FERNALD,M.L.
| X ABSCONDITIFORMIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| *AMPHIBOLA | FERNALD,M.L.
| BAYARDI | FERNALD,M.L.
| *CUMULATA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *DEBILIS | FERNALD,M.L.
| *INFLATA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *INTUMESCENS | FERNALD,M.L.
| JACOBI-PETERI | HULTEN,O.E.G.
| *LASIOCARPA | FERNALD,M.L.
| *PALLESCENS | FERNALD,M.L.
| *RIGHARDSONII | FERNALD,M.L.
| TERRAE-NOVAE | FERNALD,M.L.
1943 | *ATROFUSCA | PORSILD,A.E.
| MORRISSEYI | PORSILD,A.E.
| OBOVOIDEA | CRONQUIST,A.
1944 | INTERIMUS | MAGUIRE,B.
| RACHILLIS | MAGUIRE,B.
| *VERNACULA | MAGUIRE,B.
1945 | ELBERTANA | KELSO,L.
| HAGIANA | KELSO,L.
| *OXYLEPIS | UNDERWOOD,J.K.
1946 | *CAMPYLOCARPA | MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.
| *CRINITA | FERNALD,M.L.
1947 | ACROPHILA | BLAKE,S.T.
| BREVIS | BLAKE,S.T.
1947 | EREMOSTACHYA | BLAKE,S.T.
| HUEKUETECA | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.
| LAMPROCHLAMYS | BLAKE,S.T.
| MELANOPHORA | BLAKE,S.T.
| PERILEIA | BLAKE,S.T.
| SOPERI | RAUP,H.M.
| STEYERMARKII | STANDLEY,P.C.
| UNCOMPAHGRE | KELSO,L.
| VITIENSIS | ST.JOHN,H.
1948 | ROANENSIS | HERMANN,F.J.
1949 | MURICULATA | HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R.
| SPECUICOLA | HOWELL,J.T.
1950 | ATRACTODES | HERMANN,F.J.
| ERXLEBENIANA | KELSO,L.
| KAUAIENSIS | KRAUSS,R.
| PERCOSTATA | HERMANN,F.J.
| *PLUVICA | KRAUSS,R.
| QUICHENSIS | HERMANN,F.J.
| *WAHUENSIS | KRAUSS,R.
1951 | CULMENICOLA | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| LARENSIS | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| RORAIMENSIS | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TACHIRENSIS | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TAMANA | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TURUMIQUIRENSIS | STEYERMARK,J.A.
1952 | DIVERSISTYLIS | ROACH,A.W.
| STANDLEYANA | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TETSUOI | OHWI,J.
1953 | CUCHUMATANENSIS | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TOJQUIANENSIS | STANDLEY,P.C AND STEYERMARK,J.A.
| TUNIMANENSIS | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.
| VENOSIVAGINATA | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.
1954 | LATEBRACTEATA | WATERFALL,U.T.
| TOREADORA | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| *WILLDENOWII | HERMANN,F.J.
1955 | AMPLISQUAMA | HERMANN,F.J.
| TRICHOPHYLLA | NELMES,E.
| VEXANS | HERMANN,F.J.
1956 | X DUMANII | LEPAGE,E.
| X EXSALINA | LEPAGE,E.
| LIMNOPHILA | HERMANN,F.J.
| X NEOFILIPENDULA | LEPAGE,E.
| X NEOPALEACEA | LEPAGE,E.
| *X SAXENII | LEPAGE,E.
1957 | ATHABASCENSIS | HERMANN,F.J.
| EURYSTACHYA | HERMANN,F.J.
| INCONDITA | HERMANN,F.J.
| X NUBENS | LEPAGE,E.
| *PRATICOLA | HERMANN,F.J.
1958 | JEPSONII | HOWELL,J.T.
1959 | SURCULOSA | RAYMOND,M.
| TAMAKII | KOYAMA,T.
| ZIZANIAEFOLIA | RAYMOND,M.
1960 | *EGGLESTONII | HERMANN,F.J.
1961 | *TOMPKINSI | HOWELL,J.T.
1962 | X PATUENSIS | LEPAGE,E.
| *VIRIDULA | LEPAGE,E.
1963 | *BIPARTITA | HERMANN,F.J.
1964 | AZUAYAE | STEYERMARK,J.A.
| X NEOBIGELOWII | LEPAGE,E.
| PLECTOCARPA | HERMANN,F.J.
| X QUEBECENSIS | LEPAGE,E.
1965 | *FISSA | HERMANN,F.J.
1967 | CHIAPENSIS | HERMANN,F.J.
1968 | *MICROPTERA | HERMANN,F.J.
1969 | OBLANCEOLATA | KOYAMA,T.
1971 | GUATEMALENSIS | HERMANN

COLLECTOR INDEX

NUMBER | DATE COLLECTED | TAXON
--- |  |
2688 | 25 MAY 1897 | BILTMOREANA
--- | -- --- 1843 | *CANESCENS
--- | --- | CRISTATA
--- | -- AUG 1827 | *FLAVA
--- | --- | PRAIREA
ABRAMS,L.
2816 | 31 JUL 1902 | ABRAMSII
ALLEN,J.A.
21A | 01 JUL 1878 | *PAUPERCULA
AMANO,T.
6358 | -- MAY 1951 | TETSUOI
ANDERSON,J.P.
4871 | 19 AUG 1938 | JACOBI-PETERI
ARSENE,G.(FRERE)
3054 | 16 JUL 1909 | ARSENII
1359 | 01 AUG 1907 | CONSPECTA
ARSENE,L.(FRERE)
- -- | 28 JUL 1902 | FULVESCENS
BAILEY,L.H.
--- | 13 JUN 1917 | CHIKUNGANA
--- | 18 JUL 1917 | KULINGANA
161 | 01 JUN 1886 | *RETROCURVA
BAKER,C.F.
811 | 10 MAY 1902 | AEQUA
226 | -- AUG 1899 | CHALCIOLEPIS
230 | -- AUG 1899 | ELYNOIDES
232 | -- AUG 1899 | *FESTIVA
232 | -- AUG 1899 | NUBICOLA
--- | --- | SAXIMONTANA
BANG,M.
2210 | --- | *CLADOSTACHYA
2376 | --- | *JAMESONI
BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER, D.C.
--- | -- --- 1769 | BANKSII
BARTLETT,H.H.
11718A | 24 FEB 1931 | BARTLETTII
BEAMAN,J.H.
3880 | 31 JUL 1960 | GUATEMALENSIS
BEAN,R.S.; HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H.
11228 | 21 DEC 1931 | *WAHUENSIS
BICKNELL,E.P.
--- | 11 MAY 1904 | ABDITA
--- | 20 JUN 1908 | INCOMPERTA
BIGELOW,J.M.
--- | -- --- 1853-1854 | ALBIDA
--- | -- --- 1853-1854 | *BRONGNIARTII
1547 | --- | NEOMEXICANA
BILTMORE HERBARIUM
BILTMORE HERBARIUM
262A | 28 MAY 1897 | *STIPATA
BIOLETTI,F.T. |  |
1 | 25 JUN 1893 | TUMULICOLA
BOLANDER,H.N. |  |
6213 | 17 JUN 1863 | ATHROSTACHYA
4741 | 01 MAY 1866 | CALIFORNICA
6477 | -- --- 1866 | CINNAMOMEA
6477 | -- --- 1866 | DEBILIFORMIS
50 | ---- | FETA
3822 | --- APR 1864 | GRACILIOR
4700 | -- --- 1866 | GYNODYNAMA
5074 | --- | HAYDENIANA
4740 | -- --- 1866 | LUZULINA
4701 | -- --- 1866 | MENDOCINENSIS
2299 | -- ---- 1860-1867 | NUDATA
6198 | -- JUL 1866 | PAUCICOSTATA
4746 | -- --- 1866 | PHYLLOMANICA
5046 | -- --- 1866 | QUADRIFIDA
5046 | -- --- 1866 | *QUADRIFIDA
4702 | -- --- 1866 | SALINAEFORMIS
--- | -- --- 1860 CA. | SUB-BRACTEATA
5086 | -- --- 1866 | WHITNEYI
6198 | -- --- 1866 | WHITNEYI
BOOTT,W. |  |
--- | 26 JUL 1865 | *SCOPARIA
BOURGEAU,E. |  |
--- | -- --- 1857-1859 | *LONGIROSTRIS
BRAINERD,E. |  |
121 | 19 JUL 1897 | BRAINERDII
160 | 18 JUL 1897 | *ECHINATA
111 | 11 JUL 1897 | *FILIFOLIA
--- | 19 JUL 1898 | *INTUMESCENS
BRASS,L.J. |  |
9515 | -- AUG 1938 | ACROPHILA
4418 | -- MAY-JUL 1933 | BREVIS
10255 | -- OCT 1938 | EREMOSTACHYA
5323 | -- SEP-NOV 1933 | LAMPROCHLAMYS
9583 | -- AUG 1938 | PERILEIA
BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E. |  |
9828 | -- SEP 1938 | MELANOPHORA
BREEDLOVE,D.E. |  |
6714 | 30 JUL 1964 | CHIAPENSIS
BREWER,W.H. |  |
1650 | 17 JUN 1863 | ATHROSTACHYA
1422 | -- --- 1863 | BREWERI
1977 | 31 JUL 1863 | PACHYCARPA
1636 | -- --- 1863 | SARTWELLIANA
1969 | 31 JUL 1863 | *SCOPARIA
1969 | 31 JUL 1863 | SPECIFICA
BREWER,W.H.
1778 | 04 JUL 1863 | WHITNEYI
BRIGHT,J.
--- | 18 MAY 1923 | PURPURIFERA
BRITTQN,N.L.
--- | 06 JUL 1895 | *XANTHOCARPA
BROWN,D.M.
255 | 02 AUG 1936 | ROANENSIS
BUCKLEY,S.B.
--- | --- | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA
--- | --- | BUCKLEYI
--- | --- | CAROLINIANA
--- | --- | MISERA
--- | --- | STYLOFLEXA
BURCHELUW. J.
1911 | --- | BURCHELLIANA
BURT-DAVY,J.
3266 | 25-30 JUN 1897 | DAVYI
BUSH,B.F.
1718 | 25 MAY 1902 | AGGLOMERATA
1718 | 25 MAY 1902 | AGGREGATA
2514 | 30 APR 1905 | BUSHII
1043 | 18 MAY 1895 | FISSA
7020 | 02 JUN 1913 | LUNELLIANA
993 | 22 MAY 1895 | OKLAHOMENSIS
CANBY,W.M.
350 | 03 AUG 1883 | MONTANENSIS
CAREY,J.
--- | -- MAY 1832 | CAREYANA
--- | --- | PLATYPHYLLA
--- | --- | SYCHNOCEPHALA
CARY,M.
613 | 11 JUL 1910 | ALBO-NIGRA
CHAMISSO,L.A.
--- | --- | CIRCINNATA -
--- | --- | NIGRICANS
--- | --- | PACHYSTACHYA
CHAPMAN,A.W.
--- | --- | BALTZELLII
113 | --- | CHAPMANI
--- | -- --- 1842 | *DIGITALIS
--- | --- | MAGNIFOLIA
--- | --- | *STELLULATA
--- | --- | *STIPATA
CHASE,A.
8283 | 17 JAN 1925 | *PURPUREOVAGINATA
CHEESEMAN,T.F.
--- | -- JAN 1883 | *COMANS
83 | -- JAN 1882 | DEVIA
--- | -- JAN 1883 | PETRIEI
CHRISTOPHERSEN,E.
800 | 24 SEP 1929 | SAVAIIENSIS
CHUN,N.K. AND TSO,C.L.
43680 | -- --- 1932-1933 | TSOI
CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.
2532 | 06 JUN 1937 | *ANGUSTIOR
CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S.
34297 | 28 JUL 1933 | EXPLORATORUM
5546 | -- MAR 1937 | SARAWAKETENSIS
CLEMENTS,F.
--- | -- --- 1900 | EBENEA
CLOKEY,I.W.
3227 | 29 JUL 1918 | ARAPAHOENSIS
7468 | 19 JUN 1937 | *INTERIOR
2338 | 06 AUG 1915 | SUBIMPRESSA
2364 | 07 AUG 1915 | *TRIBULOIDES
COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.
--- | 03-17 AUG 1905 | *GARBERI
COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S.
--- | 05-08 AUG 1904 | *FLAVA
COLLINS,Z.
--- | --- | BARRATTII
COOLEY,D.
74 | --- | *ALOPECOIDEA
--- | --- | COOLEYI
COVILLE,F.V.
1455 | 11 SEP 1902 | BRACHYPODA
1457 | 11 SEP 1902 | CAMPLYOCARPA
1362 | 03 SEP 1902 | PACHYSTOMA
CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.
--- | --- | WOODII
CRAWE,J.B.
--- | --- | *OLIGOCARPA
CRONQUIST,A.
2872 | 03 JUL 1941 | OBOVOIDEA
CROOM,H.B.
--- | -- --- 1834 | ALATA
CURTIS,M.A.
--- | -- JUL 1841 | AESTIVALIS
CURTISS,A.H.
3267 | -- SEP 1882 | CREBRIFLORA
6761 | 15 APR 1901 | MOHRIANA
CUSICK,W.C.
1331 | -- JUL 1886 | CUSICKII
2487 | 28 AUG 1900 | GYMNOCLADA
2849 | 30 JUN 1902 | SCABRIUSCULA
1331 | -- JUL 1886 | *TERETIUSCULA
DAVIS,E.
--- | -- | HALSEYANA
DAVIS,E.
--- | -- --- 1823 | HITCHCOCKIANA
--- | --- | SICCATA
DEAM,C.C.
54764 | 05 MAY 1934 | *ARTITECTA
10927 | 05 JUN 1912 | LARICINA
6458 | 25 MAY 1910 | *LAXIFLORA
61177 | 19 MAR 1941 | VEXANS
DELAVAY,R.P.
4829 | 15 JUL 1889 | PTEROLEPTA
DEWEY,C.
--- | --- | COLLECTA
--- | --- | MIRABILIS
--- | -- --- 1822 | NOVAE-ANGLIAE
--- | --- | SCHWEINITZII
--- | 20 JUN ---- | TENERA
--- | --- | TRISPERMA
--- | --- | *UMBELLATA
10 | 18 JUN 1860 | VALLICOLA
DOS,L.
--- | --- | NIGRO-MARGINATA
DRUMMOND,T.
437 | --- | AMPHIBOLA
431 | -- --- 1832 | AUROLENSIS
432 | -- --- 1832 | CRUS-CORVI
--- | --- | FRANKLINII
256 | --- | HEPBURNII
420 | -- --- 1832 | MACROKOLEA
--- | --- | PETASATA
--- | --- | PETRICOSA
--- | --- | PICTA
424 | -- --- 1832 | PTYCHOCARPA
--- | --- | RETROFLEXA
--- | --- | TRIANGULARIS
DUMAN,M.
1506 | 08 AUG 1938 | DUTILLYI
DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E.
41,305A | 12 AUG 1963 | X NEOBIGELOWII
39329 | 19 AUG 1961 | X PATUENSIS
41,305 | 12 AUG 1963 | X QUEBECENSIS
39274 | 16 AUG 1961 | *VIRIDULA
DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M.
32793 | 29 AUG 1954 | X EXSALINA
32975 | 03 SEP 1954 | X NEOPALEACEA
32357 | 14 AUG 1954 | *X SAXENII
EASTWOOD,A. |  |
725A | 16 JUL 1914 | LEIOPHYLLA
EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T.
1101 | 23 JUN 1933 | CURATORIUM
2271 | 07 MAY 1936 | OBISPOENSIS
EGGERT,H.
--- | 08 AUG 1893 | EGGERTII
EGGLESTON,W.W.
6181 | 22 AUG 1910 | EGGLESTONII
6584 | 18 APR-25 MAY 1911 | GEOPHILA
13567 | 19-20 AUG 1916 | MISERABILIS
6605 | 18 APR-25 MAY 1911 | PITYOPHILA
3329 | 30 JUL-01 AUG 1916 | VIRIDIOR
EKMAN,E.L.
14506 | 21 JUL 1922 | CUBENSIS
--- | 08 AUG 1925 | *CUBENSIS
H1453 | 12 AUG 1924 | EKMANII
H10662 | 14 SEP 1928 | *EKMANII
ELMER,A.D.E.
3132 | -- JUN 1901 | DUDLEYI
8444 | -- MAR 1907 | ELMERI
881 | -- JUN 1897 | *LENTICULARIS
2700 | -- JUN 1900 | OLYMPICA
13146 | -- MAY 1911 | PALAWANENSIS
6983 | -- NOV 1904 | RHYNCHACHAENIUM
ENGELMANN.G.
--- | -- --- 1874 | ENGELMANNI
FARGES,R.P.
--- | --- | FARGESII
FAURIE,U.
919 | 28 JUN 1901 | MICRANTHA
FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.
--- | 23 JUN 1888 | AENEA
--- | 06 JUL 1878 | CRAWFORDII
--- | 27 MAY 1896 | ORMOSTACHYA
FENDLER,A.
878 | -- --- 1847 | FENDLERIANA
FERNALD,M.L.
264 | 04 JUL 1894 | *CRINITA
--- | 28 JUN 1904 | *GLAREOSA
--- | 06 JUL 1904 | *INTERIOR
146 | 06 JUL 1893 | *LAXIFLORA
--- | 03 JUL 1897 | MERRITT-FERNALDII
--- | 05 JUN 1896 | *MIRABILIS
--- | 30 JUN 1891 | ORONENSIS
1464 | 08 JUL 1909 | *SCOPARIA
FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H.
20311 | 16 AUG 1920 | *CUMULATA
FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.
12012 | 08 JUN 1940 | *ABSCONDITA
12969 | 13 JUN 1941 | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS
8143 | 08 JUN 1938 | *CRINITA
12016 | 13 JUN 1940 | *DEBILIS
11791 | 08 MAY 1940 | *DIGITALIS
FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.
7767 | 08 APR 1938 | *DIGITALIS
11787 | 07 MAY 1940 | RUGATA
20296 | 14 JUL 1920 | *SCOPARIA
1455 | 27 AUG 1929 | X XANTHINA
FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.
2897 | 16 AUG 1910 | *HORNSCHUCHIANA
2897 | 16 AUG 1910 | *HOSTIANA
4918 | 12-13 JUL 1911 | *PALLESCENS
4258 | 16 AUG 1910 | X PSEUDO-FULVA
4796 | 28 AUG 1911 | *SCOPARIA
2776 | 21 JUL 1910 | WIEGANDII
FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M.
1374 | 20 JUL 1929 | LANGEANA
1449 | 19 AUG 1929 | X NEOFILIPENDULA
1474 | 31 JUL 1929 | *VESICARIA
FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F.
5677 | 22 JUN 1936 | BAYARDI
5677 | 22-23 JUN 1936 | *CRUS-CORVI
FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L. |  |
2411 | 05 JUL 1931 | CLIVICOLA
FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B.
27673 | 20 JUL 1925 | *LIVIDA
FERNALD.M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N.
27657 | 31 JUL 1925 | TERRAE-NOVAE
FORD,C.
--- | -- --- 1883? | SCAPOSA
FOWLER,J.
--- | -- --- 1872 | *ADUSTA
--- | -- --- 1871 | *FOENEA
--- | --- | *MILIARIS
--- | -- --- 1872 | PROJECTA
--- | -- JUL 1870 | *STRAMINEA
FRANK,J.C.
55 | -- --- 1835 | FLACCIDULA
--- | -- --- 1835 | STEUDELII
FRETZ,C.D.
--- | -- --- 1884 | *GRISEA
FUNSTON,F.
139 | 30 JUL 1893 | PHYSOCHLAENA
GARBER,A.P. |  |
--- | 09 JUN 1869 | *AUREA
| 09 JUN 1869 | GARBERI
GEYER,C.A.
332 |  | GEYERI
GRANT,G.B.
--- | 01 MAY 1902 | FLACCIFOLIA
GRIFFITH,W.
78(KEW 6074) | --- | GRIFFITHII
96(KEW 6094) |  | SANGUINEA
HAENKE,T.
--- | --- | ANTHOXANTHERA
--- | --- | PRESLII
HALE,D.
97 | --- | IGNOTA
HALL,E.
580 | -- --- 1871 | *DEWEYANA
606 | -- --- 1871 | HALLIANA
583 | 01 AUG 1871 | *LEPORINA
605 | -- --- 1871 | OREGONENSIS
583 | 01 AUG 1871 | PHAEOCEPHALA
--- | -- --- 1871 | VICARIA
--- | -- --- 1872 | *WILLDENOVII
HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P.
591 | -- --- 1862 | *BONPLANDII
617 | -- --- 1862 | HALLII
591 | -- --- 1862 | ILLOTA
587 | -- --- 1862 | VIOLACEA
HALL,H.M.
2483 | -- JUL-AUG 1901 | JACINTOENSIS
9781 | 25 JUL 1914 | TENERAEFORMIS
HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D.
5472 | -- JUL 1904 | LANCIFRUCTUS
HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A.
4716 | 01-02 AUG 1903 | LEPORINELLA
HARPER,R.M.
2109 | 09 APR 1904 | HARPERI
2159 | 26 APR 1904 | SMALLIANA
HARTMAN,C.V.
620 | 12 APR 1891 | CHIHUAHUAENSIS
HASSE,H.E.
--- | -- JUL 1894 | HASSEI
--- | 01 MAY 1886 | *ROSEA
HAY,G.U.
84 | 24 JUL 1900 | *CANESCENS
HAYDEN,F.V.
--- | -- --- 1853 | *ARISTATA
580 | -- - | *DOUGLASII
21 | -- --- 1853-1854 | HAYDENII
--- | --- | LAEVI-CONICA
--- | --- | MEEKII
--- | --- | NEBRASKENSIS
--- | 20 JUN 1860 | RAYNOLDSII
HELLER,A.A.
10820 | 07 JUN 1913 | ABRUPT A
9429 | 11 AUG 1908 | FISSURICOLA
9975 | 23 JUL 1910 | HELLERI
9841 | 16 JUL 1909 | INTEGRA
5797 | 01 JUL 1902 | LACUNARUM
HELLER,A.A.
10052 | 20 MAY 1910 | LEPTOPODA
7187 | 17 AUG 1903 | *LUZULAEFOLIA
9067 | 21 JUL 1908 | MICROPTERA
7187 | 17 AUG 1903 | PSEUDOJAPONCA
HENDERSON,L.F.
13 | -- --- 1883 | ACUTINELLA
5583 | 25 JUL 1925 | EASTWOODIANA
--- | -- JUL 1884 | INOPS
1482 | 31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887 | PANSA
HENRY,A.
7860 | -- --- 1885-1888 | ICHANGENSIS
5467 | --- | LANCIFOLIA
4266 | --- | *LONGICRURIS
10839 | --- | PRAINII
HENRY,J.K.
9152 | 04 JUN 1915 | ARCTAEFORMIS
HERMANN,F.J.
13498 | 28 AUG 1956 | ATHABASCENSIS:
17059 | 15 AUG 1961 | *BIPARTITA
6147 | 05 JUL 1934 | X DEAMII
13529 | 28 AUG 1956 | EURYSTACHYA
13347 | 15 AUG 1956 | INCONDITA
7985 | 13 JUL 1936 | *INTERIOR
12252 | 21 AUG 1955 | LIMNOPHILA
5983 | 15 AUG 1933 | PELOCARPA
18120 | 21 AUG 1962 | PLECTOCARPA
13453 | 26 AUG 1956 | *PRATICOLA
6408 | 14 AUG 1934 | *VULPINOIOEA
HOHENACKER,R.F.
943 | -- --- 1851 | MERCARENSIS
HOLLISTER,N.
14 | 05 AUG 1911 | ATROSQUAMA
HOSAKA,E.Y.
594 | 04 JUL 1932 | *PLUVICA
HOUGHTON,D.
--- | 13 JUL 1832 | HOUGHTONIANA
HOWE,E.C.
--- | 30 MAY 1887 | ROSAEOIDES
HOWELL,J.T.
14546 | 11 AUG 1938 | DANAENS IS
24609 | 23 JUN 1948 | SPECUICOLA
14519 | 11 AUG 1938 | SUBNIGRICANS
35333 | 06 JUN 1960 | TOMPKINSI
HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W.
13042 | 06 JUN 1937 | SONOMENSIS
HOWELL,T.J.
--- | -- MAY 1880 | ACCEDENS
935 | 09 MAY 1885 | ACUTINA
2994 | -- MAY 1886 | BREVICAULIS
HOWELL,T.J.
937 | 27 MAY 1885 | *MARCIDA
--- | -- MAY 1880 | SPRETA
--- | -- MAY 1880 | *STYLOSA
INGALLS,T.
--- | --- | TURGESCENS
JAMES,EDWIN
--- | --- | JAMESII
JEPSON,W.L.
4477 | 20 JUL 1911 | JEPSONII
4476 | 20 JUL 1911 | MARIPOSANA
JOHNSON,W.M.
594 | 14 AUG 1967 | *MICROPTERA
JOHNSTON,I.M. |  |
1505 | 31 JUL 1917 | STENOPTERA
JONES,M.E. |  |
--- | 12 JUL 1899 | ABORIGINUM
834 | 28 AUG 1878 | CRANDALLII
--- | 08 JUL 1909 | ELRODI
5345 | 01 JUN 1874 | EPAPILLOSA
--- | 22 JUL 1881 | JONESII
KELLOGG,A.
--- | 03 AUG ---- | HETERONEURA
--- | --- | KELLOGGII
--- | 10 JUL 1870 | NERVINA
--- | --- | SUBFUSCA
KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W.
1073 | -- --- 1868-1869 | *FESTIVA
1073 | -- --- 1868-1869 | HARFORDII
1069 | -- --- 1868-1869 | *HOODII
1069 | -- --- 1868-1869 | *HOODII
KELSO,L.
4967 | 01 AUG 1945 | ELBERTANA
6362 | 24 JUL 1948 | ERXLEBENIANA
6058 | 03 JUL 1947 | UNCOMPAHGRE
KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H.
525 | 08 AUG 1936 | HAGIANA
KENNEDY,G.G.
--- | 11 JUN 1899 | *VESTITA
KINASH, N.
--- | -- JUL 1909 | CUNEATA
KOYAMA,T.
--- | 23 NOV 1958 | TAMAKII
LEAVENWORTH,M.C.
--- | -- --- 1846 | FLACCOSPERMA
--- | -- --- 1845 | LEAVENWORTHII
LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D.
683 | --- | HALEI
LECHLER,W.
1136 | -- OCT 1852 | INCISO-DENTATA
LEIBERG,J.B.
335 | 26 JUN 1894 | PHAEOLEPIS
125 | 10 JUL 1895 | PRIONPHYLLA
2558 | 10 JUL 1896 | VAGANS
LEMMON,J.G.
--- | -- --- 1875 | LEMMONI
2 | 21 JUN 1882 | ULTRA
LEPAGE,E.
32078 | 30 JUL 1954 | X DUMANII
33131 | 27 JUL 1955 | X NUBENS
LIPSKY, V.I.
2732 | 19 JUL 1899 | PHILOCRENA
LITVINOV,D.I.
153 | -- --- 1897 | *STENOPHYLLA
LONG,B.
F23212 | 15 JUN 1920 | CAESARIENSIS
LYALL,DAVID
--- | -- --- 1861 | *ACUTA
MACBRIDF.,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B.
3778 | 13 AUG 1916 | PROPOSITA
MACDANIELS,L.H.
1542 | 15 MAY 1927 | TAHITENSIS
MACKENZIE,K.K.
2676 | 23 JUN 1907 | AESTIVALIFORMIS
2088 | 10 JUN 1906 | CONVOLUTA
4645 | 26 JUN 1910 | CRYPTOLEPIS
--- | 30 MAY 1897 | MOLESTA
167 | -- AUG 1901 | PERGLOBOSA
9871 | -- MAY 1911 | RUGOSPERMA
MACOUN,J.M.
33728 | 12 JUL 1901 | *SCIRPOIDEA
MACOUN,JOHN
13401 | 26 JUL 1887 | ABLATA
52 | 14 JUN 1879 | ASSINIBOINENSIS
6 | 01 AUG 1882 | *CRAWFORDII
1665 | 12 AUG 1872 | ELEOCHARIS
--- | 31 JUL 1891 | INCURVIFORMIS
53877 | 14 AUG 1902 | MICROCHAETA
22 | 04 JUL 1899 | *MIRABILIS
--- | 31 MAY 1887 | PIPERI
--- | 31 MAY 1887 | *PRATENSIS
26624 | 24 JUN 1901 | *STRAMINEA
--- | 04 JUL 1879 | XERANTICA
MAGUIRE,B.
16098 | 05 AUG 1938 | INTERIMUS
MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.
21947 | 16 JUL 1943 | *CAMPYLOCARPA
MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.
14668 | 16 AUG 1936 | RACHILLIS
MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.
14013 | 16 JUL 1936 | *VERNACULA
MANDON,G.
1429 | --- | MANDONIANA
MAR IE-VICTOR IN,(FRERE) |  |
4021 | -- JUN 1917 | *PAUPERCULA
MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FREE )
25767 | 20 JUL 1926 | *INFLATA
MCCALLA,W.C.
2348 | 28 JUL 1899 | SCIRPIFORMIS
MEAD,S.B.
--- | --- | ILLINOENSIS
--- | --- | MEADII
--- | --- | *RICHARDSONII
MERRILL,E.D.
10985 | 12 AUG 1917 | BAMBUSETORUM
6505 | -- MAY 1909 | *BRUNNEA
6623 | -- MAY 1909 | MERRILLII
543 | --APR 1910 | PYCNOTHYSOS
4730 | -- OCT-NOV 1905 | SUBTRANSVERSA
MERTENS,C.H.
--- | --- | LEIOCARPA
MOHR,C.
--- | 26 APR 1897 | *STIPATA
MOORE, J.A. AND STEYERMARK, J.A.
3625 | 25 JUL 1931 | MURICULATA
MULLER,C.H.
3520 | 27 SEP 1939 | PERCOSTATA
MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T.
892 | 28 JUN 1934 | MACKENZIANA
MUTIS,J.C.
KILLIP NO.5715 | -- --- 1760-1808 | *PIRCHINCHENSIS
NELSON,A.
7124 | 11 JUN 1900 | BREVISQUAMA
3275 | 02 JUL 1897 | FESTIVELLA
7316 | 29 JUN 1900 | SIMULATA
NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F.
1533 | 01 AUG 1911 | APODA
NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E.
5264 | 30 AUG 1898 | NELSONII
NUTTALL,T.
17 | --- | NUTTALLII
OHWI,J.
4182 | -- JUL 1933 | APODOSTACHYA
329 | -- MAR 1933 | HATUSIMANA
813 | 11 AUG 1931 | KURILENSIS
29 | 04 MAY 1931 | RUGATA
OLNEY,S.T.
--- | 01 JUL 1867 | HORMATHODES
PAINE,J,A.
--- | --- | *VAGINATA
PALMER,E.
546 | -- JUN 1890 | *NUDATA
PARISH,S.B.
2485 | 03 JUL 1892 | AUSTROMONTANA
3609 | -- JUN 1895 | MULTICOSTATA
4144 | 04-13 APR 1896 | VITREA
PARRY,C.C.
--- | -- --- 1850 | BARBARAE
PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G.
396 | -- --- 1876 | ALMA
PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B.
2224 | 06 AUG 1920 | PAYSONIS
PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B.
20519 | 09 JUL 1920 | *LASIOCARPA
PECK,C.H.
--- | -- JUN 1894 | *ROSEA
5 | -- JUN 1893 | *ROSEA
--- | -- JUN 1894 | *STIPATA
--- | -- JUN 1892 | *TORTA
PECK,M.E.
13 | 13 AUG 1917 | PRAECEPTORIUM
PETELOT,P.A.
5325 | -- JUL 1930 | TRICHOPHYLLA
PETRIE,D.
--- | --- | KALOIDES
--- | -- JAN 1880 | LONGICULMIS
PITTIER,H. AND TOPNDUZ,A.
3376 | 19 JAN 1891 | DURANDII
3381 | 19 JAN 1891 | *LEMANNIANA
PORSILD,A.E.
173 | 26 AUG 1937 | MORRISSEYI
PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T.
5120 | 02 AUG 1928 | *ATROFUSCA
711 | 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926 | KOKRINENSIS
713 | 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926 | MELOZITNENSIS
PORTER,T.C.
--- | --- | *DEBILIS
--- | 26-29 JUN 1871 | HALLII
--- | 28 AUG 1871 | PORTERI
PREISS,L.
1825 | --- | PREISSII
1861 | -- JUL 1839 | PREISSII
PRINGLE,C.G.
4275 | 03 OCT 1892 | AUTUMNALIS
4839 | 19 AUG 1894 | AZTECICA
10039 | 26 AUG 1905 | CILIARIS
4838 | 25 AUG 1894 | FELIPENSIS
PRINGLE,C.G.
--- | 23 AUG 1881 | FRACTA
4839 | 19 AUG 1894 | FUSCOTINCTA
3126 | 08 JUL 1890 | INVOLUCRATELLA
4840 | 27 AUG 1894 | MACROSPERMA
4842 | 29 AUG 1894 | OAXACANA
8863 | 02 JUN 1904 | PERLONGA
2630 | 05 JUN 1889 | PERSTRICTA
4685 | 08 JUN 1894 | * PINETORUM
3801 | 04 AUG 1891 | PRINGLEI
--- | 19 AUG 1881 | *SCIRPOIDEA
7452 | 24 JUN 1897 | SEATONIANA
PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R.
2951 | 15 MAY 1938 | AMPLISQUAMA
RAMOS,M.
BUR. SCI. 1434 | -- AUG 1906 | RAMOSII
RAUP,H.M. AND SOPER,J.H.
9534 | 18 JUL 1939 | SOPERI
RAY,J.D.; WOOD,C.E.; SMITH,A.C. AND EATON,R.J.
10750 | 26 APR 1961 | *FISSA
RICH,W.P.
--- | 05 JUN 1894 | *TENERA
RICH,WILLIAM
WILKES EXPED. 1241 | -- --- 1838-1842 | LACINIATA
RICHARDSON,J.
--- | --- | ARCTICA
417 | --- | BACKANA
--- | --- | BACKII
--- | --- | DURIFOLIA
--- | --- | FESTIVA
--- | --- | HOOKERANA
--- | --- | PARRYANA
--- | --- | PODOCARPA
--- | --- | RICHARDSONII
ROACH,A.W.
202 | 10 JUN 1949 | DIVERSISTYLIS
ROCK,J.F.
9017 | -- OCT 1909 | KAUAIENSIS
ROSE,J.N.
2357 | 16 AUG 1897 | MADRENSIS
ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S.
9019 | -- --- 1905 | STELLATA
ROUSSEAU,J.
24989 | 27 JUL 1926 | *OEDERI
RUSBY,H.H.
859 | -- --- 1883 | RUSBYI
RUTH,A.
360 | 12 APR 1913 | BULBOSTYLIS
458 | 24 APR 1914 | ONUSTA
--- | -- JUL 1900 | RUTHII
RYDBERG,P.A.
2339 | 07 AUG 1895 | IDAHOA
SANDBERG,J.H.
933 | 20 AUG 1892 | *HINDSII
SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B.
194 | 09 JUN 1893 | *NEBRASKENSIS
773 | 18 AUG 1893 | NEUROPHORA
SARTWELL,H.P.
--- | --- | ALOPECOIDEA
56 | --- | AQUATILIS
56 | --- | *AQUATILIS
--- | --- | *CEPHALOPHORA
108 | -- --- 1848 | COMMUNIS
78 | --- | *CRINITA
--- | --- | FORMOSA
36 | --- | INTERIOR
12 | --- | SARTWELLII
72 | --- | SCABRIOR
35 | --- | *STERILIS
138 | --- | *TENTACULATA
SAVATIER,L.
1414 | -- --- 1866-1874 | MACROGLOSSA
1404 | -- --- 1866-1874 | *NUTANS
2059 | -- --- 1866-1874 | PLANATA
1413 | -- --- 1866-1874 | PODOGYNA
SCHAFFNER.J.G.
221 | -- --- 1877 | FUSCOLUTEA
546 | -- --- 1877 | POTOSINA
546 | -- --- 1877 | SCHAFFNERI
SCHNEIDER,C.
2738 | 06 AUG 1914 | SCHNEIDERI
SCHNEIDER,R.A.
954 | 25 JUL 1938 | *EGGLESTONII
SCHWEINITZ,L.D.
--- | --- | COSTATA
--- | --- | GRACILLIMA
SCOTT,(MISS)
--- | -- --- 1880 | PRAEGRACILIS
SCOULER,J.
--- | --- | APERTA
--- | --- | COLUMBIANA
296 | --- | SCOULERI
SEKIMOTO,H.
--- | 15 JUL 1932 | HYMENODON
SHARP,A.J.
45450 | 29 APR 1945 | ATRACTODES
45144 | 07 FEB 1945 | QUICHENSIS
SHELDON,E.P.
8854 | 09 SEP 1897 | SHELDONII
SMITH,C.P.
1055 | 24 JUL 1905 | MONTEREYENSIS
SMITH,J.D. AND TURCKHEIM,H.
659 | -- JUN 1885 | DONNELL-SMITHII
SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H.
4872 | 06 APR 1949 | *WILLDENOWII
ST.JOHN,H.
18330 | 18 AUG 1937 | VITIENSIS
ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L.
10801 | 16-17 JUL 1914 | MISANDROIDES
STEELE,E.S.
--- | -- --- 1896 | ANGUSTIOR
--- | 23 MAY 1898 | MEDITERRANIA
--- | -- --- 1900 | MESOCHOREA
STEYERMARK,J.A.
53105 | 15 JUN 1943 | AZUAYAE
48347 | 07 JUL 1942 | CUCHUMATANENSIS
62605 | 06 MAY 1945 | CULMENICOLA
49055 | 18 JUL 1942 | HUEHUETECA
55470 | 11 FEB 1944 | LARENSIS
58870 | 28 SEP 1944 | RORAIMENSIS
48542 | 14 JUL 1942 | STEYERMARKII
57367 | 15 JUL 1944 | TACHIRENSIS
57401 | 15 JUL 1944 | TAMANA
50150 | 06 AUG 1942 | TOJQUIANENSIS
53095 | 15 JUN 1943 | TOREADORA
48334 | 07 JUL 1942 | TUNIMANENSIS
62705 | 10 MAY 1945 | TURUMIQUIRENSIS
48554 | 14 JUL 1942 | VENOSIVAGINATA
SUKSDORF,W.N.
12347 | --- | *APERTA
12348 | 15 SEP-23 OCT 1927 | *APERTA
12359 | 23 OCT 1927 | *APERTA
6864 | 16 AUG 1909 | CTJNSTANCEANA
5181 | 15 JUL 1905 | EGREGIA
1284 | 26 JUN 1886 | EURYCARPA
11551 | 21 AUG 1924 | *EURYCARPA
12333 | 22 AUG-05 SEP 1927 | *INTERRUPTA
10249 | 22 JUN 1919 | *NEBRASKENSIS
816 | 02 JUN 1885 | OXYCARPA
1296 | 13 AUG 1897 | PADDOENSIS
1315 | -- JUL 1883 | SUBORBICULATA
7383 | 27 AUG 1912 | SUKSDORFII
5259 | 21 AUG-20 SEP 1905 | *SUKSDORFII
SULLIVANT,W.S.
--- | --- | *ALATA
--- | --- | CONJUNCTA
SVENSON,H.K.
10469 | 12 JUL 1939 | *OXYLEPIS
TAAM,Y.W. |  |
502 | 1-16 APR 1938 | SURCULOSA
TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K. |  |
3202 | 20 NOV 1926 | OBLANCEOLATA
THURBER,G. |  |
652 | --- | *GAYANA
--- | -- JUN 1850 | THURBERI
TORREY,J. |  |
--- | 03 AUG 1839 | HETEROSTACHYA
TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,C.M. |  |
157 | 21 JUL 1899 | TOWNSENDII
TRACY,J.P. |  |
4547 | 04 JUL 1914 | TRACYI
3783 | 21 JUL 1912 | UNILATERALIS
TRACY,S.M. |  |
17 | 23 MAY 1888 | *STRAMINEA
TSAI,H.T. |  |
62809 | -- --- 1934 | ZIZANIAEFOLIA
TSUI,T.M. |  |
74 | -- MAR-APR 1932 | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA
TUCKERMAN,E. |  |
--- | --- | ARGYRANTHA
--- | -- JUN 1864 | GLAUCODEA
--- | --- | *SCOPARIA
---- | ---- | *SCOPARIA
UNDERWOOD,L.M. |  |
158 | 29 JAN 1903 | UNDERWOODII
VAHL,J. |  |
--- | --- | PRATENSIS
VASEY,G. |  |
--- | --- | *HIRSUTA
VENTURI,S. |  |
6491 | 15 FEB 1927 | *PHALAROIDES
8650 | -- --- 1929 | SALTAENSIS
VREELAND,F.K. |  |
1121 | 19 AUG 1901 | HOLMIANA
WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W. |  |
5066 | 05 JUL 1906 | *TRISPERMA
WATERFALL,U.T. |  |
11380 | 19 APR 1953 | LATEBRACTEATA
WATSON,S. |  |
1231A | -- AUG 1869 | *CANESCENS
1246 | -- MAY 1868 | WATSONI
WERDERMANN,E. |  |
1687 | -- MAR 1925 | WERDERMANNII
WHEELER,C.F. |  |
--- | 28 JUN 1890 | *TENUIFLORA
WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C. |  |
1915 | 15 JUN 1914 | *AMPHIBOLA
WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED. |  |
--- | -- --- 1838-1842 | HEBETATA
--- | -- --- 1838-1842 | *MICROGLOCHIN
--- | -- --- 1838-1842 | OLIGANTHA
--- | -- --- 1838-1842 | WILKESII
WILLIAMS,E.F. |  |
--- | -- AUG 1900 | *VESICARIA
WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L. |  |
--- | 16 JUL 1900 | KATAHDINENSIS
WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L. |  |
--- | 12-15 JUL 1905 | *DEWEYANA
110 | 19 JUL 1902 | X TRICHINA
WILLIAMS,L.O. |  |
13178 | 06 JUL 1947 | STANDLEYANA
WILLIAMS,R.S. |  |
--- | 18 JUN 1899 | BONANZENSIS
--- | 07 JUN 1893 | CONCINNOIDES
--- | 11 AUG 1894 | STANTONENSIS
--- | 12 JUN 1899 | WILLIAMSII
--- | 18 JUN 1899 | YUKONENSIS
WILLIAMS,T.A. |  |
2951 | 19 AUG 1897 | PLATYLEPIS
WOOD,W.A. |  |
--- | --- | RETROCURVA
WOOTON,E.O. |  |
--- | 28 JUL 1900 | AGROSTOIDES
WRIGHT,C. |  |
--- | -- JUN 1855 | CONFERTIFLORA
--- | --- | MICANS
--- | -- --- 1853-1856 | NANA
--- | -- --- 1853-1856 | PAPULOSA
--- | --- | PARCIFLORA
--- | --- | PICTA
1561 | -- --- 1850 | WRIGHTII
WRIGHT,S.H. |  |
--- | --- | *STRICTA
--- |  | ---

GEOGRAPHIC INDEX

COUNTRY
STATE
TAXON

AFGHANISTAN

GRIFFITHII

SANGUINEA

ARGENTINA
JUJUY
*PHALAROIDES

SALTA
SALTAENSIS

TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TER
BANKSII

AUSTRALIA

PREISSII

WESTERN AUSTRALIA
PREISSII

BOLIVIA

*CLADOSTACHYA

*JAMESONI

MANDONIANA

BRAZIL
RIO DE JANEIRO
*PURPUREOVAGINATA

BRITISH HONDURAS
CAYO
BARTLETTII

CANADA

PARRYANA

PODOCARPA

RICHARDSONII

ALBERTA
ATHABASCENSIS

ALBERTA
ATROSQUAMA

ALBERTA
EURYSTACHYA

ALBERTA
INCONDITA

ALBERTA
INCURVIFORMIS

ALBERTA
*PRATICOLA

ALBERTA
SCIRPIFORMIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA
ABLATA

BRITISH COLUMBIA
ARCTAEFORMIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA
PIPERI

BRITISH COLUMBIA
*PRATENSIS

BRITISH COLUMBIA
*SCIRPOIDEA

MANITOBA
ASSINIBOINENSIS

MANITOBA
DUTILLYI

MANITOBA
*LONGIROSTRIS

NEW BRUNSWICK
*ADUSTA

NEW BRUNSWICK
*CANESCENS

NEW BRUNSWICK
*FOENEA

NEW BRUNSWICK
*MILIARIS

NEW BRUNSWICK
*MIRABILIS

NEW BRUNSWICK
PROJECTA

NEW BRUNSWICK
*STRAMINEA

NEWFOUNDLAND
*HORNSCHUCHIANA

NEWFOUNDLAND
*HOSTIANA

NEWFOUNDLAND
LANGEANA

NEWFOUNDLAND
*LIVIDA

NEWFOUNDLAND
MISANDROIDES

NEWFOUNDLAND
MORRISSEYI

NEWFOUNDLAND
X NEOFILIPENDULA

NEWFOUNDLAND
*PALLESCENS

NEWFOUNDLAND
X PSEUDO-FULVA

NEWFOUNDLAND
*SCOPARIA

NEWFOUNDLAND
TERRAE-NOVAE

NEWFOUNDLAND
*VESICARIA

CANADA
NEWFOUNDLAND
WIEGANDII

NEWFOUNDLAND
X XANTHINA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES
*ATROFUSCA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES
SOPERI

NOVA SCOTIA
*CUMULATA

NOVA SCOTIA
*LASIOCARPA

NOVA SCOTIA
*SCOPARIA

ONTARIO
*STRAMINEA

QUEBEC
CLIVICOLA

QUEBEC
*CRAWFORDII

QUEBEC
*DEWEYANA

QUEBEC
X DUMANII

QUEBEC
X EXSALINA

QUEBEC
*FLAVA

QUEBEC
*GARBERI

QUEBEC
*GLAREOSA

QUEBEC
*INFLATA

QUEBEC
X NEOBIGELOWII

QUEBEC
X NEOPALEACEA

QUEBEC
X NUBENS

QUEBEC
*DEDERI

QUEBEC
X PATUENSIS

QUEBEC
*PAUPERCULA

QUEBEC
X QUEBECENSIS

QUEBEC
*X SAXENII

QUEBEC
*VIRIDULA

SASKATCHEWAN
ARCTICA

SASKATCHEWAN
BACKANA

SASKATCHEWAN
BACKII

SASKATCHEWAN
DURIFOLIA

SASKATCHEWAN
ELEOCHARIS

SASKATCHEWAN
HOOKERANA

SASKATCHEWAN
XERANTICA

YUKON TERRITORY
BONANZENSIS

YUKON TERRITORY
LEIOPHYLLA

YUKON TERRITORY
MICROCHAETA

YUKON TERRITORY
WILLIAMSII

YUKON TERRITORY
YUKONENSIS

CHILE

INCISO-DENTATA

LLANQUIHUE
WERDERMANNII

MAGALLANES
*MICROGLOCHIN

MAGALLANES
OLIGANTHA

CHINA
HUPEH
ICHANGENSIS

HUPEH
LANCIFOLIA

HUPEH
*LONGICRURIS

HUPEH AND HONAN
CHIKUNGANA

KIANGSI
KULINGANA

KWANGTUNG
BAMBUSETORUM

KWANGTUNG
OBLANCEOLATA

CHINA
KWANGTUNG
*RUBRO-BRUNNEA

KWANGTUNG
SCAPOSA

KWANGTUNG
SURCULOSA

KWANGTUNG
TSOI

SZECHWAN
FARGESII

YUNNAN
PRAINII

YUNNAN
PTEROLEPTA

YUNNAN
SCHNEIDERI

YUNNAN
ZIZANIAEFOLIA

COLOMBIA

*PIRCHINCHENSIS

COSTA RICA

DURANDII
*LEMANNIANA

CUBA
ORIENTE
CUBENSIS

ECUADOR
AZUAY
AZUAYAE

AZUAY
TOREADORA

FIJI

VITIENSIS

FRENCH POLYNESIA

TAHITENSIS

GREENLAND

PRATENSIS

GUATEMALA
ALTA VERAPAZ
DONNELL-SMITHII

HUEHUETENANGO
CUCHUMATANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO
GUATEMALENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO
HUEHUETECA

HUEHUETENANGO
STEYERMARKII

HUEHUETENANGO
TOJQUIANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO
TUNIMANENSIS

HUEHUETENANGO
VENOSIVAGINATA

JALAPA
STANDLEYANA

QUICHE
QUICHENSIS

HAITI

*CUBENSIS
*EKMANII

OUEST
EKMANII

INDIA

MERCARENSIS

INDONESIA
WEST NEW GUINEA
ACROPHILA

WEST NEW GUINEA
EREMOSTACHYA

WEST NEW GUINEA
MELANOPHORA

WEST NEW GUINEA
PERILEIA

JAMAICA

UNDERWOODII

JAPAN

HYMENODON MICANS RUGATA

AOMORI (PREFECTURE)
CUNEATA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)
CONFERTIFLORA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)
NANA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)
PAPULOSA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)
PARCIFLORA

HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE)
PICTA

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)
MACROGLOSSA

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)
*NUTANS

KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE)
PLANATA

JAPAN
TOKYO (PREFECTURE)
PODOGYNA

KOREA

MICRANTHA

MALAYSIA
SABAH (TERRITORY)
EXPLORATORUM

MEXICO
CHIAPAS
ATRACTODES

CHIAPAS
CHIAPENSIS

CHIHUAHUA
CHIHUAHUAENSIS

CHIHUAHUA
PERCOSTATA

CHIHUAHUA
TOWNSENDII

DURANGO
MADRENSIS

HIDALGO
CILIARIS

HIDALGO
PERLONGA

HIDALGO
SEATONIANA

HIDALGO
STELLATA

MEXICO
AUTUMNALIS

MICHOACAN
ARSENII

NUEVO LEON
*EGGLESTONII

NUEVO LEON
MACKENZIANA

NUEVO LEON
PERSTRICTA

OAXACA
AZTECICA

OAXACA
FELIPENSIS

OAXACA
FUSCOTINCTA

OAXACA
MACROSPERMA

OAXACA
OAXACANA

OAXACA
*PINETORUM

PUEBLA
CONSPECTA

SAN LUIS POTOSI
FUSCOLUTEA

SAN LUIS POTOSI
INVOLUCRATELLA

SAN LUIS POTOSI
POTOSINA

SAN LUIS POTQSI
PRINGLEI

SAN LUIS POTOSI
SCHAFFNERI

SONORA
*GAYANA

SONORA
THURBERI

NEW ZEALAND
CANTERBURY (DISTRICT)
*COMANS

CANTERBURY (DISTRICT)
PETRIEI

NELSON (DISTRICT)
DEVIA

OTAGO (DISTRICT)
KALOIDES

OTAGO (DISTRICT)
LONGICULMIS

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA
NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA
SARAWAKETENSIS

PAPUA (TERRITORY)
BREVIS

PAPUA (TERRITORY)
LAMPROCHLAMYS

PERU
LIMA
HEBETATA

PHILIPPINES
BATAAN
RHYNCHACHAENIUM

BENGUET
*BRUNNEA

BENGUET
ELMERI

BENGUET
MERRILLII

BENGUET
SUBTRANSVERSA

NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
PYCNOTHYSOS

PALAWAN
PALAWANENSIS

RIZAL
RAMOSII

RYUKYU ISLANDS
OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)
TAMAKII

OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)
TETSUOI

SOUTH AFRICA

BURCHELLIANA

ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON

FULVESCENS

SWITZERLAND
VALAIS (CANTON)
*FLAVA

TAIWAN

APODOSTACHYA

FUKIEN
HATUSIMANA

USA

*CANESCENS

COLUMBIANA

FRANKLINII

GEYERI

JAMESII

NUTTALLII

PETASATA

PETRICOSA

*UMBELLATA

ALABAMA
*STIPATA

ALASKA
ANTHOXANTHERA

ALASKA
CIRCINNATA

ALASKA
JACOBI-PETERI

ALASKA
KOKRINENSIS

ALASKA
LEIOCARPA

ALASKA
MELOZITNENSIS

ALASKA
NIGRICANS

ALASKA
PACHYSTACHYA

ALASKA
PHYSOCHLAENA

ALASKA
PRESLII

ARIZONA
CURATORIUM

ARIZONA
*NUDATA

ARIZONA
RUSBYI

ARIZONA
SPECUICOLA

ARIZONA
ULTRA

ARKANSAS
BUSHII

ARKANSAS
*ROSEA

BRITISH COLUMBIA
SCOULERI

CALIFORNIA
ABRAMSII

CALIFORNIA
ABRUPTA

CALIFORNIA
AEQUA

CALIFORNIA
ALBIDA

CALIFORNIA
ALMA

CALIFORNIA
ATHROSTACHYA

CALIFORNIA
ATHROSTACHYA

CALIFORNIA
AUSTROMONTANA

CALIFORNIA
BARBARAE

CALIFORNIA
BRAINERDII

CALIFORNIA
BREWERI

CALIFORNIA
*BRONGNIARTII

CALIFORNIA
CALIFORNICA

CALIFORNIA
CINNAMOMEA

USA
CALIFORNIA
DANAENSIS

CALIFORNIA
DAVYI

CALIFORNIA
DEBILIFORMIS

CALIFORNIA
CUOLEYI

CALIFORNIA
*ECHINATA

CALIFORNIA
*FESTIVA

CALIFORNIA
FETA

CALIFORNIA
*FILIFOLIA

CALIFORNIA
FLACCIFOLIA

CALIFORNIA
FRACTA

CALIFORNIA
GRACILIOR

CALIFORNIA
GYNODYNAMA

CALIFORNIA
HARFORDII

CALIFORNIA
HASSEI

CALIFORNIA
HAYDENIANA

CALIFORNIA
HETERONEURA

CALIFORNIA
*HOODII

CALIFORNIA
*HOODII

CALIFORNIA
INTEGRA

CALIFORNIA
JACINTOENSIS

CALIFORNIA
JEPSONII

CALIFORNIA
JONESII

CALIFORNIA
KELLOGGII

CALIFORNIA
LACINIATA

CALIFORNIA
LACUNARUM

CALIFORNIA
LANCIFRUCTUS

CALIFORNIA
LEMMONI

CALIFORNIA
LEPORINELLA

CALIFORNIA
*LUZULAEFOLIA

CALIFORNIA
LUZULINA

CALIFORNIA
MARIPOSANA

CALIFORNIA
MENDOCINENSIS

CALIFORNIA
MONTEREYENSIS

CALIFORNIA
MULTICOSTATA

CALIFORNIA
NERVINA

CALIFORNIA
NUDATA

CALIFORNIA
OBISPOENSIS

CALIFORNIA
PACHYCARPA

CALIFORNIA
PAUCICOSTATA

CALIFORNIA
PHYLLOMANICA

CALIFORNIA
PRAEGRACILIS

CALIFORNIA
PSEUDOJAPONICA

CALIFORNIA
QUADRIFIDA

CALIFORNIA
*QUAORIFIDA

CALIFORNIA
SALINAEFORMIS

CALIFORNIA
SARTWELLIANA

CALIFORNIA
*SCIRPOIDEA

CALIFORNIA
*SCOPARIA

CALIFORNIA
SONOMENSIS

USA
CALIFORNIA
SPECIFICA

CALIFORNIA
STENOPTERA

CALIFORNIA
SUB-BRACTEATA

CALIFORNIA
SUBFUSCA

CALIFORNIA
SUBNIGRICANS

CALIFORNIA
TENERAEFORMIS

CALIFORNIA
TOMPKINSI

CALIFORNIA
TRACYI

CALIFORNIA
TUMULICOLA

CALIFORNIA
UNILATERALIS

CALIFORNIA
VITREA

CALIFORNIA
WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA
WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA
WHITNEYI

CALIFORNIA
WILKESII

COLORADO
ARAPAHOENSIS

COLORADO
*BIPARTITA

COLORADO
*BONPLANDII

COLORADO
CHALCIOLEPIS

COLORADO
CRANDALLII

COLORADO
EBENEA

COLORADO
EGGLESTONII

COLORADO
ELBERTANA

COLORADO
ELYNOIDES

COLORADO
ENGELMANNI

COLORADO
ERXLEBENIANA

COLORADO
*FESTIVA

COLORADO
HAGIANA

COLORADO
HALLII

COLORADO
HEPBURNII

COLORADO
ILLOTA

COLORADO
*MICROPTERA

COLORADO
NUBICOLA

COLORADO
PERGLOBOSA

COLORADO
SAXIMONTANA

COLORADO
UNCOMPAHGRE

COLORADO
VIOLACEA

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
ANGUSTIOR

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
MEDITERRANIA

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
MESOCHOREA

FLORIDA
BALTZELLII

FLORIDA
CHAPMANI

FLORIDA
CREBRIFLORA

FLORIDA
*DIGITALIS

FLORIDA
*FISSA

FLORIDA
FLACCOSPERMA

FLORIDA
MAGNIFOLIA

FLORIDA
MOHRIANA

FLORIDA
*STELLULATA

USA
FLORIDA
*STIPATA

FLORIDA
VEXANS

GEORGIA
AMPLISQUAMA

GEORGIA
HARPERI

GEORGIA
SMALLIANA

GEORGIA
*WILLDENOWII

HAWAII
KAUAIENSIS

HAWAII
*PLUVICA

HAWAII
*WAHUENSIS

IDAHO
ABORIGINUM

IDAHO
APODA

IDAHO
HALLII

IDAHO
*HINDSII

IDAHO
IDAHOA

IDAHO
OBOVOIDEA

IDAHO
PRIONPHYLLA

IDAHO
PROPOSITA

IDAHO
RAYNOLDSII

ILLINOIS
*HIRSUTA

ILLINOIS
ILLINOENSIS

ILLINCIS
MEADII

ILLINOIS
*RICHARDSONII

ILLINOIS
SUBIMPRESSA

ILLINOIS
*TRIBULOIDES

INDIANA
*ARTITECTA

INDIANA
X DEAMII

INDIANA
LARICINA

INDIANA
*LAXIFLORA

KANSAS
MOLESTA

LOUISIANA
AMPHIBOLA

LOUISIANA
AUROLENSIS

LOUISIANA
CRUS-CORVI

LOUISIANA
HALEI

LOUISIANA
IGNOTA

LOUISIANA
LEAVENWORTHII

LOUISIANA
MACROKOLEA

LOUISIANA
PICTA

LOUISIANA
PTYCHOCARPA

LOUISIANA
TURGESCENS

MAINE
*CRINITA

MAINE
*INTERIOR

MAINE
KATAHDINENSIS

MAINE
*LAXIFLORA

MAINE
MERRITT-FERNALDII

MAINE
ORONENSIS

MAINE
*PAUPERCULA

MAINE
PORTERI

MAINE
*SCOPARIA

MAINE
X TRICHINA

USA
MAINE
*TRISPERMA

MAINE
*VESICARIA

MASSACHUSETTS
ARGYRANTHA

MASSACHUSETTS
COLLECTA

MASSACHUSETTS
GLAUCODEA

MASSACHUSETTS
HALSEYANA

MASSACHUSETTS
HITCHCOCKIANA

MASSACHUSETTS
INCOMPERTA

MASSACHUSETTS
MIRABILIS

MASSACHUSETTS
NOVAE-ANGLIAE

MASSACHUSETTS
SCHWEINITZII

MASSACHUSETTS
*SCOPARIA

MASSACHUSETTS
*SCOPARIA

MASSACHUSETTS
SICCATA

MASSACHUSETTS
TENERA

MASSACHUSETTS
*TENERA

MASSACHUSETTS
TRISPERMA

MASSACHUSETTS
*VESTITA

MICHIGAN
*ALOPECOIDEA

MICHIGAN
COOLEYI

MICHIGAN
HETEROSTACHYA

MICHIGAN
*INTERIOR

MICHIGAN
PRAIREA

MICHIGAN
*RETROCURVA

MICHIGAN
*TENUIFLORA

MICHIGAN
*VULPINOIDEA

MINNESOTA
HOUGHTONIANA

MISSISSIPPI
*STRAMINEA

MISSOURI
AGGLOMERATA

MISSOURI
AGGREGATA

MISSOURI
EGGERTII

MISSOURI
LUNELLIANA

MONTANA
CONCINNOIDES

MONTANA
ELRODI

MONTANA
HOLMIANA

MONTANA
MONTANENSIS

MONTANA
PLECTOCARPA

MONTANA
STANTONENSIS

NEBRASKA
*ARISTATA

NEBRASKA
*DQUGLASII

NEBRASKA
LAEVI-CONICA

NEBRASKA
MEEKII

NEBRASKA
NEBRASKENSIS

NEVADA
FISSURICOLA

NEVADA
HELLERI

NEVADA
*INTERIOR

NEVAOA
MICROPTERA

NEVADA
WATSONI

NEW HAMPSHIRE
AENEA

USA
NEW HAMPSHIRE
CRAWFORDII

NEW HAMPSHIRE
*MIRABILIS

NEW HAMPSHIRE
ORMOSTACHYA

NEW HAMPSHIRE
*SCOPARIA

NEW JERSEY
AESTIVALIFORMIS

NEW JERSEY
BARRATTII

NEW JERSEY
CAESARIENSIS

NEW JERSEY
CONVOLUTA

NEW JERSEY
CRISTATA

NEW JERSEY
CRYPTOLEPIS

NEW JERSEY
RUGOSPERMA

NEW MEXICO
AGROSTOIDES

NEW MEXICO
FENDLERIANA

NEW MEXICO
GEOPHILA

NEW MEXICO
NEOMEXICANA

NEW MEXICO
PITYOPHILA

NEW YORK
ABDITA

NEW YORK
ALOP-ECOIDEA

NEW YORK
*AMPHIBOLA

NEW YORK
AQUATILIS

NEW YORK
*AQUATILIS

NEW YORK
CAREYANA

NEW YORK
*CEPHALOPHORA

NEW YORK
COMMUNIS

NEW YORK
*CRINITA

NEW YORK
FORMOSA

NEW YORK
INTERIOR

NEW YORK
*OLIGOCARPA

NEW YORK
PLATYPHYLLA

NEW YORK
RETROCURVA

NEW YORK
ROSAEOIDES

NEW YORK
*ROSEA

NEW YORK
*ROSEA

NEW YORK
SARTWELLII

NEW YORK
SCABRIOR

NEW YORK
*STERILIS

NEW YORK
*STIPATA

NEW YORK
*STRICTA

NEW YORK
SYCHNOCEPHALA

NEW YORK
*TENTACULATA

NEW YORK
*TORTA

NEW YORK
*VAGINATA

NEW YORK
WOODII

NEW YORK
*XANTHOCARPA

NEW YORK
XEROCARPA

NORTH CAROLINA
AESTIVALIS

NORTH CAROLINA
ALATA

NORTH CAROLINA
BILTMOREANA

NORTH CAROLINA
BUCKLEYI

USA
NORTH CAROLINA
MISERA

NORTH CAROLINA
NIGRO-MARGINATA

NORTH CAROLINA
RUTHII

NORTH CAROLINA
*STIPATA

NORTH CAROLINA
STYLOFLEXA

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES
FESTIVA

OHIO
*ALATA

OHIO
CONJUNCTA

OHIO
FLACCIDULA

OHIO
STEUDELII

OKLAHOMA
FISSA

OKLAHOMA
LATEBRACTEATA

OKLAHOMA
OKLAHOMENSIS

OREGON
ACCEDENS

OREGON
*ACUTA

OREGON
ACUTINA

OREGON
ACUTINELLA

OREGON
BRACHYPODA

OREGON
BREVICAULIS

OREGON
CAMPLYOCARPA

OREGON
CUSICKII

OREGON
*DEWEYANA

OREGON
DIVERSISTYLIS

OREGON
EASTWOODIANA

OREGON
GYMNOCLADA

OREGON
HALLIANA

OREGON
INOPS

OREGON
*LEPORINA

OREGON
LEPTOPODA

OREGON
*MARCIDA

OREGON
OREGONENSIS

OREGON
PACHYSTOMA

OREGON
PANSA

OREGON
PHAEOCEPHALA

OREGON
PHAEOLEPIS

OREGON
SHELDONII

OREGON
SPRETA

OREGON
*STYLOSA

OREGON
*TERETIUSCULA

OREGON
VAGANS

OREGON
VICARIA

PENNSYLVANIA
*ANGUSTIOR

PENNSYLVANIA
*AUREA

PENNSYLVANIA
COSTATA

PENNSYLVANIA
*DEBILIS

PENNSYLVANIA
GARBERI

PENNSYLVANIA
GRACILLIMA

PENNSYLVANIA
*GRISEA

RHODE ISLAND
HORMATHODES

USA
SOUTH CAROLINA
AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA

SOUTH CAROLINA
CAROLINIANA

SOUTH DAKOTA
HAYOENII

TENNESSEE
*OXYLEPIS

TENNESSEE
PURPURIFERA

TENNESSEE
ROANENSIS

TEXAS
BULBOSTYLIS

TEXAS
MURICULATA

TEXAS
ONUSTA

TEXAS
RETROFLEXA

TEXAS
TRIANGULARIS

TEXAS
*WILLDENOVII

TEXAS
WRIGHTII

UTAH
*CAMPYLOCARPA

UTAH
*CANESCENS

UTAH
EPAPILLOSA

UTAH
INTERIMUS

UTAH
PELOCARPA

UTAH
RACHILLIS

UTAH
*VERNACULA

VERMONT
*INTUMESCENS

VIRGINIA
*ABSCONOITA

VIRGINIA
X ABSCONOITIFORMIS

VIRGINIA
BAYARDI

VIRGINIA
*CRINITA

VIRGINIA
*CRUS-CORVI

VIRGINIA
*DEBILIS

VIRGINIA
*DIGITALIS

VIRGINIA
*DIGITALIS

VIRGINIA
RUGATA

WASHINGTON
APERTA

WASHINGTON
*APERTA

WASHINGTON
*APERTA

WASHINGTON
*APERTA

WASHINGTON
CONSTANCEANA

WASHINGTON
EGREGIA

WASHINGTON
EURYCARPA

WASHINGTON
*EURYCARPA

WASHINGTON
*INTERRUPTA

WASHINGTON
*LENTICULARIS

WASHINGTON
MISERABILIS

WASHINGTON
*NEBRASKENSIS

WASHINGTON
*NEBRASKENSIS

WASHINGTON
NEUROPHORA

WASHINGTON
OLYMPICA

WASHINGTON
OXYCARPA

WASHINGTON
PADDOENSIS

WASHINGTON
PRAECEPTORIUM

WASHINGTON
SCABRIUSCULA

USA
WASHINGTON
SUBORBICULATA

WASHINGTON
SUKSDORFII

WASHINGTON
*SUKSDORFII

WASHINGTON
VIRIDIOR

WYOMING
ALBO-NIGRA

WYOMING
BREVISQUAMA

WYOMING
FESTIVELLA

WYOMING
LIMNOPHILA

WYOMING
NELSONII

WYOMING
PAYSONIS

WYOMING
PLATYLEPIS

WYOMING
SIMULATA

WYOMING
VALLICOLA

USSR
RUSSIAN SFSR
KURILENSIS

TADZHIKISTAN
PHILOCRENA

TURKE STAN
*STENOPHYLLA

VENEZUELA
BOLIVAR
RORAIMENSIS

LARA
LARENSIS

SUCRE
CULMENICOLA

SUCRE
TURUMIQUIRENSIS

TACHIRA
TACHIRENSIS

TACHIRA
TAMANA

VIET-NAM, NORTH
TONKIN
TRICHOPHYLLA

WESTERN SAMOA

SAVAIIENSIS

HERBARIUM INDEX

SHEET NO. | KIND OF TYPE | TAXON |
A (ARNOLD ARBORETUM, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)
| ISOTYPE | ACROPHILA |
| ISOTYPE | BREVIS |
| ISOTYPE | EREMOSTACHYA |
| ISOTYPE | LAMPROCHLAMYS |
| ISOTYPE | MELANOPHORA |
| ISOTYPE | MERCARENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | PERILEIA |
| ISOTYPE | RUBRO-BRUNNEA | VAR ELINEOLATA
| ISOTYPE | SARAWAKETENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | SURCULOSA |
| ISOTYPE | TAHITENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | ZIZANIAEFOLIA |
CAS (CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, SAN FRANCISCO)
242617 | ISOTYPE | ABORIGINUM |
497554 | ISOTYPE | ALMA |
553879 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA
242962 | ISOTYPE | APERTA | VAR UMBROSA
242960 | SYNTYPE | APERTA | VAR VIRIDANS
242961 | SYNTYPE | APERTA | VAR VIRIDANS
554019 | ISOTYPE | AQUATILIS | VAR SUBSTRICTA
102030 | ISOTYPE | ARAPAHOENSIS |
430881 | ISOTYPE | BIPARTITA | VAR AUSTROMONTANA
383776 | TYPE COLLECTION | CALIFORNICA |
334353 | ISOTYPE | CAMPYLOCARPA | SSP AFFINIS
553918 | ISOTYPE | CHAPMANI |
232050 | ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
445943 | ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
553874 | TYPE FRAGMENT | CINNAMOMEA |
553913 | SYNTYPE | COMMUNIS |
383550 | SYNTYPE | CONJUNCTA |
242987 | HOLOTYPE | CONSTANCEANA |
553883 | TYPE COLLECTION | CRINITA | VAR MINOR
204973 | SYNTYPE | CURATORIUM |
204974 | SYNTYPE | CURATORIUM |
259875 | HOLOTYPE | DANAENSIS |
259874 | ISOTYPE | DANAENSIS |
336835 | ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR ASYMMETRICA
372834 | ISOTYPE | DIVERSISTYLIS |
351155 | ISOTYPE | DURANDII |
130386 | HOLOTYPE | EASTWOODIANA |
242957 | SYNTYPE | EURYCARPA |
246772 | TYPE COLLECTION | EURYCARPA | VAR ATTENUATA
401490 | ISOTYPE | EURYSTACHYA |
234898 | ISOTYPE | FISSURICOLA |
102307 | ISOTYPE | FORMOSA |
383156 | ISOTYPE | FORMOSA |
103033 | ISOTYPE | GRACILIOR |
383986 | ISOTYPE | GYNODYNAMA |
328017 | ISOTYPE | HAGIANA |
103098 | SYNTYPE | HOODII | VAR NERVOSA
103098 | SYNTYPE | HOODII | VAR NEUROCARPA
553902 | TYPE COLLECTION | IGNOTA |
404489 | ISOTYPE | INCONOITA |
203910 | ISOTYPE | INOPS |
348506 | ISOTYPE | INTERIMUS |
553999 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR |
272528 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
272529 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
242959 | TYPE COLLECTION | INTFRRUPTA | VAR DISTENTA
477664 | ISOTYPE | JACOBI-PETERI |
384438 | ISOTYPE | LATEBRACTEATA |
102481 | ISOTYPE | LEIOPHYLLA |
264341 | SYNTYPE | LEMANNIANA | VAR SIMPLEX
186427 | ISOTYPE | LEPTOPODA |
136 | ISOTYPE | LUZULAEFOLIA | VAR STROBILANTHA
231121 | ISOTYPE | LUZULAEFOLIA | VAR STROBILANTHA
384084 | ISOTYPE | LUZULINA |
264346 | ISOTYPE | MACKENZIANA |
553885 | ISOTYPE | MEADII |
553875 | TYPE FRAGMENT | MENDOCINENSIS |
234896 | ISOTYPE | MICROPTERA |
194659 | ISOTYPE | MURICULATA |
235733 | HOLOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
237824 | ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
237908 | ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
351152 | ISOTYPE | ONUSTA |
239452 | ISOTYPE | PELOCARPA |
369422 | ISOTYPE | PERCOSTATA |
155657 | ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
193005 | ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
383889 | ISO TYPE | PITYOPHILA |
416360 | ISOTYPE | PLECTOCARPA |
105004 | TYPE COLLECTION | PRATENSIS |
404488 | ISOTYPE | PRATICOLA | VAR SUBCORIACEA
102638 | ISOTYPE | PROPOSITA |
325253 | ISOTYPE | RACHILLIS |
336836 | ISOTYPE | RUGATA |
383801 | TYPE COLLECTION | SALINAEFORMIS |
383407 | TYPE COLLECTION | SARTWELLII |
553975 | TYPE COLLECTION | SARTWELLII |
553877 | ISOTYPE | SCABRIOR |
445940 | ISOTYPE | SEATONIANA |
246086 | HOLOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
246636 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
232289 | SYNTYPE | SPECIFICA |
342553 | HOLOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
342552 | ISOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
162423 | ISOTYPE | SUBIMPRESSA |
259816 | HOLOTYPE | SUBNIGRICANS |
152864 | ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFII |
243333 | ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFII |
553943 | TYPE COLLECTION | TENTACULATA | VAR ALTIOR
428953 | HOLOTYPE | TOMPKINSI |
429306 | ISOTYPE | TOMPKINSI |
351161 | ISOTYPE | TOWNSENDII |
348507 | ISOTYPE | VERNACULA | VAR HOBSONII
DS (DUDLEY HERBARIUM, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, STANFORD, CALIFORNIA)
149709 | ISOTYPE | ABORIGINUM |
55317 | ISOTYPE | ABRAMSII |
64125 | ISOTYPE | ABRUPTA |
109019 | ISOTYPE | ARAPAHOENSIS |
489410 | HOLOTYPE | AUSTROMONTANA |
49734 | TYPE COLLECTION | CALIFORNICA |
269649 | ISOTYPE | CONSTANCEANA |
145619 | HOLOTYPE | DUDLEYI |
629609 | ISOTYPE | DUDLEY I |
144009 | ISOTYPE | EASTWOODIANA |
284598 | ISOTYPE | EGREGIA |
149706 | ISOTYPE | ELRODI |
145620 | HOLOTYPE | GRACILIOR |
49500 | ISOTYPE | GYNODYNAMA |
490408 | ISOTYPE | GYNODYNAMA |
278190 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
78003 | HOLOTYPE | JACINTOENSIS |
490443 | ISOTYPE | LEPORINELLA |
13923 | ISOTYPE | LEPTOPODA |
76794 | ISOTYPE | LUZULINA |
54832 | ISOTYPE | MENDOCINENSIS |
489409 | HOLOTYPE | MULTICOSTATA |
171453 | ISOTYPE | NEBRASKENSIS | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS
| ISOTYPE | NUDATA | VAR FIRMIOR
270930 | ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
490462 | SYNTYPE | PANSA |
49738 | TYPE COLLECTION | PAUCICOSTATA |
55002 | SYNTYPE | QUADRIFIDA |
293480 | TYPE COLLECTION | SALINAEFORMIS |
490735 | ISOTYPE | SCABRIUSCULA |
258275 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
374718 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
337970 | ISOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
83850 | ISOTYPE | STENOPTERA |
171455 | ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFIJ |
269641 | ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFII |
269625 | SYNTYPE | SUKSDORFII | VAR OVALIS
63991 | ISOTYPE | ULTRA |
64032 | ISOTYPE | ULTRA |
F (FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS)
186491 | ISOTYPE | ABRAMSII |
206585 | TYPE MATERIAL | ACUTINA |
32699 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
32700 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
56916 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
349624 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
373673 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
373679 | ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
1464064 | TYPE MATERIAL | APODOSTACHYA |
264169 | ISOTYPE | AUTUMNALIS |
1266184 | TYPE MATERIAL | AZUAYAE |
999642 | TYPE MATERIAL | BARTLETTII |
314869 | ISOTYPE | BONPLANDII | VAR MINOR
456934 | ISOTYPE | BONPLANDII | VAR MINOR
1620435 | ISOTYPE | CHIAPENSIS |
49642 | ISOTYPE | CHIHUAHUAENSIS |
202021 | ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
26304 | TYPE MATERIAL | CREBRIFLORA |
1128952 | HOLOTYPE | CUCHUMATANENSIS |
1266170 | HOLOTYPE | CULMENICOLA |
1406416 | TYPE MATERIAL | CUNEATA |
751055 | ISOTYPE | X DEAMII |
455703 | TYPE COLLECTION | DEWEYANA | VAR SPARSIFLORA
1429766 | TYPE COLLECTION | DEWEYANA | VAR SPARSIFLORA
122779 | TYPE MATERIAL | FESTIVA | VAR DECUMBENS
314892 | SYNTYPE | HALLII |
456958 | SYNTYPE | HALLII |
176870 | ISOTYPE | HARPERI |
1411493 | TYPE MATERIAL | HATUSIMANA |
283119 | TYPE MATERIAL | HELLERI |
1128957 | HOLOTYPE | HUEHUETECA |
1463659 | TYPE MATERIAL | HYMENODON |
314869 | ISOTYPE | ILLOTA |
456934 | ISOTYPE | ILLOTA |
1076930 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
263394 | TYPE COLLECTION | INVOLUCRATELLA |
1406403 | TYPE MATERIAL | KURILENSIS |
129242 | SYNTYPE | LACUNARUM |
1566419 | SYNTYPE | LACUNARUM |
1481645 | ISOTYPE | LANGEANA |
55470 | HOLOTYPE | LARENSIS |
267758 | ISOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR LEPTONERVIA
455706 | TYPE COLLECTION | LEPORINA | VAR AMERICANA
1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION | LEPORINA | VAR AMERICANA
206587 | TYPE COLLECTION | MARCIDA | VAR DEBILIS
866418 | ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
455736 | SYNTYPE | OREGONENSIS |
96129 | TYPE MATERIAL | OXYCARPA |
211365 | TYPE MATERIAL | OXYCARPA |
223512 | TYPE MATERIAL | PADOOENSIS |
1471489 | TYPE MATERIAL | PADDOENSIS |
309086 | TYPE MATERIAL | PAUCICOSTATA |
178542 | ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
455706 | TYPE COLLECTION | PHAEOCEPHALA |
1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION | PHAEOCEPHALA |
755322 | TYPE MATERIAL | PHYSOCHLAENA |
105551 | TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
1607711 | TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
215918 | TYPE COLLECTION | PSEUDOJAPONICA |
1263854 | HOLOTYPE | RORAIMENSIS |
1489429 | ISOTYPE | RUGATA |
1463953 | TYPE MATERIAL | RUGATA |
30885 | TYPE MATERIAL | SALINAEFORMIS |
210109 | TYPE COLLECTION | SCIRPOIOEA | VAR GIGAS
464432 | SYNTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR SUBTURBINATA
907841 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
1252385 | HOLOTYPE | STANDLEYANA |
1129096 | HOLOTYPE | STEYERMARKII |
813737 | TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA
1263858 | HOLOTYPE | TACHIRENSIS |
1263857 | HOLOTYPE | TAMANA |
1129085 | TYPE MATERIAL | TOJQUIANENSIS |
1129086 | TYPE MATERIAL | TOJQUIANENSIS |
1266183 | TYPE MATERIAL | TOREAOORA |
1128966 | TYPE | TUNIMANENSIS |
1266150 | HOLOTYPE | TURUMIQUIRENSIS |
1129094 | HOLOTYPE | VENOSIVAGINATA |
89120 | TYPE MATERIAL | VITREA |
309085 | SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
309086 | SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
GH (GRAY HERBARIUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)
| ISONEOTYPE | ABLATA |
| ISOTYPE | ABSCONDITA | VAR ROSTELLATA
| HOLOTYPE | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
| ISOTYPE | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
| SYNTYPE | ACCEDENS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ACUTA | VAR PALLIDA
| ISOTYPE | ACUTINA |
| SYNTYPE | ADUSTA | VAR GLOMERATA
| SYNTYPE | AENEA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AEQUA |
| ISOTYPE | AESTIVALIFORMIS |
| HOLOTYPE | ALATA | VAR FERRUGINEA
| ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
| ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA
| HOLOTYPE | AMPHIBOLA | VAR TURGIDA
| TYPE | ANGUSTIOR | VAR GRACILENTA
| SYNTYPE | APERTA |
| ISOTYPE | AQUATILIS | VAR SUBSTRICTA
| ISOTYPE | ARAPAHOENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | ARGYRANTHA |
| ISOTYPE | ARGYRANTHA |
| HOLOTYPE | ARISTATA | VAR LONGO-LANCEOLA
| ISOTYPE | ARSENII |
| HOLOTYPE | ARTITECTA | VAR SUBTILIROSTRIS
| SYNTYPE | ASSINIBOINENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AZTECICA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | BACKANA |
| SYNTYPE | BACKII |
| HOLOTYPE | BARBARAE |
| ISOTYPE | BARTLETTII |
| HOLOTYPE | BAYARDI |
| ISOTYPE | BILTMOREANA |
| HOLOTYPE | BONPLANDII | VAR MINOR
| ISOTYPE | BREWERI |
| ISOTYPE | BURCHELLIANA |
| ISOTYPE | CAESARIENSIS |
| PARATYPE | CANESCENS | VAR DISJUNCTA
| ISOTYPE | CANESCENS | VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA
| TYPE COLLECTION | CAROLINIANA |
| TYPE | CEPHALOPHORA | VAR MAXIMA
| SYNTYPE | CHALCIOLEPIS |
| HOLOTYPE | CILIARIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CINNAMOMEA |
| ISOTYPE | CIRCINNATA |
| HOLOTYPE | CLIVICOLA |
| HOLOTYPE | COLLECTA |
| SYNTYPE | CONJUNCTA |
| HOLOTYPE | COOLEYI |
| SYNTYPE | CRAWFORDII |
| SYNTYPE | CRAWFORDII | VAR VIGENS
| TYPE | CREBRIFLORA |
| HOLGTYPE | CRINITA | VAR BREVICRINIS
| SYNTYPE | CRINITA | VAR SIMULANS
| ISOTYPE | CRISTATA |
| ISOTYPE | CRUS-CORVI |
| HOLOTYPE | CRU5-CORVI | VAR VIRGINIANA
| HOLOTYPE | CUMULATA | FOR SOLUTA
| ISOTYPE | DANAENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | DAVYI |
| HOLOTYPE | DEBILIS | VAR INTERCURSA
| HOLOTYPE | DEBILIS | VAR PUBERA
| ISOTYPE | DEVIA |
| HOLOTYPE | DEWEYANA | VAR COLLECTANEA
| TYPE COLLECTION | DEWEYANA | VAR SPARSIFLORA
| HOLOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR ASYMMETRICA
| HOLOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR MACROPODA
| TYPE MATERIAL | DOUGLASII | VAR DENSISPICATA
| ISOTYPE | X DUMANII |
| ISOTYPE | DUTILLYI |
| ISOTYPE | EASTWOODIANA |
| HOLOTYPE | ECHINATA | VAR ORMANTHA
| ISOTYPE | EKMANII |
| ISOTYPE | EKMANII | VAR HOTTENSIS
| TYPE MATERIAL | ELBERTANA |
| ISOTYPE | ELEOCHARIS |
| ISOTYPE | ELYNOIDES |
| HOLOTYPE | ENGELMANNI |
| TYPE MATERIAL | ERXLEBENIANA |
| ISOTYPE | EURYSTACHYA |
| HOLOTYPE | EXPLORATORUM |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PELIPENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | FESTIVELLA |
| HOLOTYPE | FETA |
| ISOTYPE | FILIFOLIA | VAR EROSTRATA
| HOLOTYPE | FISSA | VAR ARISTATA
| HOLOTYPE | FLACCOSPERMA |
| HOLOTYPE | FLAVA | VAR GASPENSIS
| ISOTYPE | FLAVA | VAR RECTIROSTRA
| ISOTYPE | FOENEA | VAR PERPLEXA
| ISOTYPE | FORMOSA |
| ISOTYPE | FRANKLINII |
| ISOTYPE | GARBERI |
| HOLOTYPE | GARBERI | VAR BIFARIA
| HOLOTYPE | GLAREOSA | VAR AMPHIGENA
| ISOTYPE | GLAUCODEA |
| ISOTYPE | GRACILIOR |
| ISOTYPE | GRACILLIMA |
| HOLOTYPE | GRISEA | VAR RIGIDA
| HOLOTYPE | GUATEMALENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | HALLIANA |
| SYNTYPE | HALLII |
| HOLOTYPE | HALSEYANA |
| HOLOTYPE | HARPERI |
| SYNTYPE | HAYDENIANA |
| HOLOTYPE | HEBETATA |
| SYNTYPE | HEPBURNII |
| TYPE MATERIAL | HETERONEURA |
| HOLOTYPE | HITCHCOCKIANA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | HOOKERANA |
| SYNTYPE | HORMATHODES |
| HOLOTYPE | HORNSCHUCHIANA | VAR LAURENTIANA
| HOLOTYPE | HOSTIANA | VAR LAURENTIANA
| HOLOTYPE | TLLOTA |
| ISOTYPE | INCISO-DENTATA |
| ISOTYPE | INCURVIFORMIS |
| HOLOTYPE | INFLATA | VAR ANTICOSTENSIS
| HOLOTYPE | INOPS |
| ISOTYPE | INTERIMUS |
| ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
| HOLOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR JOSSELYNII
| HOLOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS
| HOLOTYPE | INTUMESCENS | FOR VENTRIOSA
| ISOTYPE | INVOLUCRATELLA |
| ISOTYPE | KALOIDES |
| HOLOTYPE | KATAHDINENSIS |
| SYNTYPE | KELLOGGII |
| ISOTYPE | KOKRINENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | LAEVI-CONICA |
| HOLOTYPE | LANGEANA |
| HOLOTYPE | LASIOCARPA | VAR AMERICANA
| ISOTYPE | LATEBRACTEATA |
| HOLOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR LEPTONERVIA
| HOLOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR SERRULATA
| ISOTYPE | LEIOCARPA |
| ISOTYPE | LEIOPHYLLA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | LEMMONI |
| TYPE COLLECTION ISOTYPE | LEPORINA LEPORINELLA | VAR AMERICANA
| HOLOTYPE | LIVIDA | VAR RUFINAEFORMIS
| ISOTYPE | LONGICULMIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | LUZULINA |
| HOLOTYPE | MACKENZIANA |
| HOLOTYPE | MEADII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | MEEKII |
| ISOTYPE | MELOZITNENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | MENDOCINENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | MERRITT-FERNALDII |
| ISOTYPE | MESOCHOREA |
| ISOTYPE | MICROCHAETA |
| HOLOTYPE | MILIARIS | VAR AUREA
| HOLOTYPE | MIRABILIS |
| SYNTYPE | MIRABILIS | VAR PERLONGA
| SYNTYPE | MIRABILIS | VAR TINCTA
| HOLOTYPE | MISANDROIDES |
| HOLOTYPE | MONTEREYENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | NELSONII |
| ISOTYPE | X NEOBIGELOWII |
| HOLOTYPE | X NEOFILIPENDULA |
| ISOTYPE | X NEOPALEACEA |
| HOLOTYPE | NERVINA |
| ISOTYPE | NEUROPHORA |
| ISOTYPE | NIGRICANS |
| ISOTYPE | NOVAE-ANGLIAE |
| ISOTYPE | X NUBENS |
| ISOTYPE | NUBICOLA |
| HOLOTYPE | NUTTALLII |
| ISOTYPE | OAXACANA |
| ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | OBOVOIDEA |
| HOLOTYPE | OLIGOCARPA | VAR LATIFOLIA
| HOLOTYPE | ORMOSTACHYA |
| HOLOTYPE | ORONENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | PACHYSTACHYA |
| ISOTYPE | PADDOENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | PALAWANENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | PALLESCENS | VAR NEOGAEA
| HOLOTYPE | PAPULOSA |
| ISOTYPE | X PATUENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | PAUPERCULA | VAR BREVISQUAMA
| HOLOTYPE | PAUPERCULA | VAR PALLENS
| ISOTYPE | PAYSONIS |
| HOLOTYPE | PERLONGA |
| ISOTYPE | PERSTRICTA |
| ISOTYPE | PETRIEI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PHAEOCEPHALA |
| HOLOTYPE | PHYLLOMANICA |
| ISOTYPE | PINETORUM | VAR ELATIOR
| ISOTYPE | PIPERI |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PLATYPHYLLA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PODOCARPA |
| HOLOTYPE | PORTERI |
| ISOTYPE | POTOSINA |
| HOLOTYPE | PRAEGRACILIS |
| HOLOTYPE | PRAIREA |
| ISOTYPE | PRATENSIS | VAR FURVA
| SYNTYPE | PREISSII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
| ISOTYPE | PROJECTA |
| ISOTYPE | PROPOSITA |
| HOLOTYPE | X PSEUDO-FULVA |
| ISOTYPE | X QUEBECENSIS |
| SYNTYPE | RAYNOLOSII |
| HOLOTYPE | RETROCURVA |
| ISOTYPE | RETROCURVA | VAR COPULATA
| TYPE MATERIAL | RICHARDSONII |
| HOLOTYPE | RICHARDSONII | FOR EXSERTA
| HOLOTYPE | ROSEA | VAR ARKANSANA
| ISOTYPE | RUBRO-BRUNNEA | VAR ELINEOLATA
| HOLOTYPE | RUGATA |
| HOLOTYPE | SARTWELLIANA |
| ISOTYPE | X SAXENII | NM. FERRUGINEA
| ISOTYPE | SCHAFFNERI |
| HOLOTYPE | SCHNEIDERI |
| HOLOTYPE | SCHWEINITZII |
| HOLOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR CONDENSA
| SYNTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR FULVA
| HOLOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR MONILIFORMIS
| HOLOTYPE | SCOPARIA | FOR PERACUTA
| HOLOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR SUBTURBINATA
| HOLOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR TESSELLATA
| ISOTYPE | SEATONIANA |
| ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | SOPERI |
| ISOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SPRETA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA
| SYNTYPE | STRAMINEA | VAR CUMULATA
| SYNTYPE | STRAMINEA | VAR ECHINODES
| SYNTYPE | STYLOSA | VAR VIRENS
| ISOTYPE | SUB-BRACTEATA |
| ISOTYPE | SUBFUSCA |
| ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFII |
| ISOTYPE | SYCHNOCEPHALA |
| HOLOTYPE | TENERA |
| HOLOTYPE | TENERA | VAR RICHII
| ISOTYPE | TENUIFLORA | VAR SETACEA
| HOLOTYPE | TERRAE-NOVAE |
| HOLOTYPE | THURBERI |
| HOLOTYPE | X TRICHINA |
| HOLOTYPE | TRICHOPHYLLA |
| ISOTYPE | TRISPERMA | VAR BILLINGSII
| ISOTYPE | TSOI |
| ISOTYPE | TURUMIQUIRENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | UMBELLATA | VAR VICINA
| ISOTYPE | UNCOMPAHGRE |
| HOLOTYPE | VAGINATA | VAR ALTO-CAULIS
| HOLOTYPE | VALLICOLA |
| ISOTYPE | VENOSIVAGINATA |
| ISOTYPE | VERNACULA | VAR HOBSONII
| HOLOTYPE | VESICARIA | VAR JEJUNA
| HOLOTYPE | VESICARIA | VAR LAURENTIANA
| HOLOTYPE | VESTITA | VAR KENNEDYI
| HOLOTYPE | VICARIA |
| ISOTYPE | VIRIDULA | FOR PYGMAEA
| HOLOTYPE | VULPINOIDEA | VAR PYCNOCEPHALA
| HOLOTYPE | WATSONI |
| ISOTYPE | WIEGANDII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | WILLDENOVII | VAR PAUCIFLORA
| HOLOTYPE | WOOD II |
| HOLOTYPE | X XANTHINA |
| SYNTYPE | XERANTICA |
JEPS (JEPSON HERBARIUM, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)
2511 | ISOTYPE | DAVYI |
4013 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
20008 | ISOTYPE | JE PSONII |
19722 | ISOTYPE | MARIPOSANA |
MO (MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, ST. LOUIS)
| TYPE COLLECTION | ABSCONDITA | VAR ROSTELLATA
1306480 | ISOTYPE | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
| SYNTYPE | ACCEDENS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | AESTIVALIFORMIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | AESTIVALIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AGGLOMERATA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AQUATILIS | VAR SUBSTRICTA
| SYNTYPE | ATHROSTACHYA |
1834152 | HOLOTYPE | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA |
| ISOTYPE | AUTUMNALIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AZTECICA |
1611724 | SYNTYPE | BANKSII |
| ISOTYPE | BONPLANDII | VAR MINOR
710112 | TYPE COLLECTION | BULBOSTYLIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CALIFORNICA |
| SYNTYPE | CHALCIOLEPIS |
| ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
1108572 | ISOTYPE | CRUS-CORVI | VAR VIRGINIANA
| TYPE MATERIAL | DEBILIFORMIS |
1306423 | ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR ASYMMETRICA
1129747 | ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR MACROPODA
| ISOTYPE | DUDLEYI |
| TYPE MATERIAL | ELMERI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ELYNOIDES |
| ISOTYPE | EPAPILLOSA |
1816497 | TYPE COLLECTION | FENDLERIANA |
| ISOTYPE | FISSA |
| ISOTYPE | GRACILIOR |
| TYPE MATERIAL | GYMNOCLADA |
| SYNTYPE | HALLII |
| TYPE MATERIAL | HAYDENII |
| ISOTYPE | ILLOTA |
1816496 | TYPE COLLECTION | INTERIOR |
1148381 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
1190731 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
1201697 | ISOTYPE TYPE MATERIAL SYNTYPE | INTERIOR INVOLUCRATELLA LACUNARUM | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
1692174 | ISOTYPE | LATEBRACTEATA |
| ISOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR LEPTONERVIA
| TYPE COLLECTION | LEPORINA | VAR AMERICANA
| TYPE MATERIAL | LUZULINA |
| ISOTYPE | MEADII |
| ISOTYPE | MENDOCINENSIS |
952735 | TYPE COLLECTION | NEBRASKENSIS | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS
| TYPE MATERIAL | NUDATA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | OAXACANA |
1220830 | TYPE MATERIAL | OBOVOIDEA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | OKLAHOMENSIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PAUCICOSTATA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PERGLOBOSA |
| ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PHAEOCEPHALA |
| ISOTYPE | PHYLLOMANICA |
920815 | TYPE COLLECTION | PHYSOCHLAENA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PRAINII |
2002968 | SYNTYPE | PREISSII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
1260436 | ISOTYPE | RUBRO-BRUNNEA | VAR ELINEOLATA
1306478 | ISOTYPE | RUGATA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | SALINAEFORMIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | SAXIMONTANA |
| ISOTYPE | SCABRIUSCULA |
2002967 | TYPE COLLECTION | SCAPOSA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SPRETA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA
| SYMTYPE | STRAMINEA | VAR CUMULATA
| TYPE COLLECTION | STYLOFLEXA |
| SYNTYPE | STYLOSA | VAR VIRENS
95212 | TYPE COLLECTION | SUKSDORFII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | VIOLACEA |
| ISOTYPE | VITREA |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
NY (NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY)
| TYPE | ABDITA |
| ISONEOTYPE | ABLATA |
| ISOTYPE | ABORIGINUM |
| HOLOTYPE | ABRAMSII |
| HOLOTYPE | ABRUPTA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ABSCONDITA | VAR ROSTELLATA
| ISOTYPE | X ABSCONOITIFORMIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ACUTINA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AEQUA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | AESTIVALIS |
| TYPE | AGGREGATA |
| SYNTYPE | ALATA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ALBIDA |
| ISOTYPE | ALMA |
| ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA |
| ISOTYPE | ALOPECOIDEA | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA
| TYPE COLLECTION | AMPHIBOLA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ANGUSTIOR |
| ISOTYPE | APODA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | AQUATILIS |
| ISOTYPE | ARAPAHOENSIS |
| TYPE | ARCTAEFORMIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ARCTICA |
| ISOTYPE | ARSENII |
| SYNTYPE | ATHROSTACHYA |
| SYNTYPE | ATHROSTACHYA |
| ISOTYPE | ATRACTODES |
| ISOTYPE | ATROSQUAMA |
| ISOTYPE | AUREA | VAR ANDROGYNA
| TYPE COLLECTION | AUROLENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | AZUAYAE |
| SYNTYPE | BACKII |
| COTYPE | BALTZELLII |
| ISOTYPE | BARBARAE |
| TYPE COLLECTION | BARRATTII |
| TYPE | BARTLETTI1 |
| TYPE | BILTMOREANA |
| TYPE | BONANZENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | BREVICAULIS |
| HOLOTYPE | BREVISQUAMA |
| SYNTYPE | BRONGNIARTII | VAR DENSA
| TYPE COLLECTION | BUCKLEYI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | BUSHII |
| TYPE | CABSARIENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CALIFORNICA |
| HOLOTYPE | CAMPYLOCARPA | SSP AFFINIS
| ISOTYPE | CANESCENS | VAR DUBIA
| TYPE COLLECTION | CANESCENS | VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA
| HOLOTYPE | CAREYANA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CAROLINIANA |
| SYNTYPE | CHALCIOLEPIS |
| ISOTYPE | CHIAPENSIS |
| HOLOTYPE | CHIHUAHUAENSIS |
| TYPE | CHIKUNGANA |
| ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
| HOLOTYPE | COLUMBIANA |
| TYPE | CONCINNOIDES |
| ISOTYPE | CONSTANCEANA |
| TYPE | CONVOLUTA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | COSTATA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CRANDALLII |
| TYPE | CREBRIFLORA |
| ISOTYPE | CRUS-CORVI | VAR VIRGINIANA
| TYPE | CRYPTOLEPIS |
| ISOTYPE | CUBENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | CUBENSIS | VAR FLACCIDA
| SYNTYPE | CUSICKII |
| ISOTYPE | DAVY I |
| TYPE COLLECTION | DEWEYANA | VAR SPARSIFLORA
| TYPE COLLECTION | DIGITALIS | VAR GLAUCA
| ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR MACROPODA
| ISOTYPE | DLJDLEYI |
| SYNTYPE | DURIFOLIA |
| TYPE | EBENEA |
| TYPP COLLECTION | EGGERTII |
| ISOTYPE | EGGLESTONII |
| TYPE | EGREGIA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | EKMANII |
| ISOTYPE | ELRODI |
| HOLOTYPE | EPAPILLOSA |
| ISOTYPE | EPAPILLOSA |
| ISOTYPE | EXPLORATORUM |
| TYPE MATERIAL | FARGESII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | FELIPENSIS |
| TYPE | FENDLERIANA |
| SYNTYPE | FESTIVA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | FESTIVA | VAR DECUMBENS
| TYPE MATERIAL | FESTIVA | VAR STRICTA
| TYPE | FESTIVELLA |
| HOLOTYPE | FISSA |
| ISOTYPE | FISSA | VAR ARISTATA
| TYPE | FLACCIDULA |
| ISOTYPE | FLACCOSPERMA |
| TYPE | FRANKLINII |
| TYPE | FULVESCENS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | FUSCOLUTEA |
| TYPE | FUSCOTINCTA |
| TYPE | GAYANA | VAR HYALINA
| TYPE COLLECTION | GEYERI |
| ISOTYPE | GLAREOSA | VAR AMPHIGENA
| TYPE COLLECTION | GRIFFITHII |
| ISOTYPE | GYMNOCLADA |
| ISOTYPE | GYNODYNAMA |
| SYNTYPE | HALEI |
| SYNTYPE | HALLII |
| SYNTYPE | HALLII |
| ISOTYPE | HALSEYANA |
| HOLOTYPE | HARFOROII |
| ISOTYPE | HARPERI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | HASSEI |
| TYPE | HELLERI |
| TYPE | HETEROSTACHYA |
| ISOTYPE | HINDSII | VAR BREVIGLUMA
| TYPE COLLECTION | HIRSUTA | VAR CUSPIDATA
| TYPE | HOLMIANA |
| SYNTYPE | HOODII | VAR NERVOSA
| SYNTYPE | HOODII | VAR NEUROCARPA
| TYPE COLLECTION | HOOKERANA |
| ISOTYPE | HORNSCHUCHIANA | VAR LAURENTIANA
| HOLOTYPE | HOUGHTONIANA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | IGNOTA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | ILLINOENSIS |
| TYPE | INCOMPERTA |
| HOLOTYPE | INCURVIFORMIS |
| ISOTYPE | INOPS |
| HOLOTYPE | INTEGRA |
| TYPE | INTERIMUS |
| ISOTYPE | INTERIOR |
| ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
| ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR JOSSELYNII
| ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS
| TYPE COLLECTION | INVOLUCRATELLA |
| HOLOTYPE | JAMESII |
| HOLOTYPE | JEPSONII |
| SYNTYPE | JONESII |
| ISOTYPE | KATAHDINENSIS |
| TYPE | KULINGANA |
| TYPE | LACINIATA |
| SYNTYPE | LACUNARUM |
| ISOTYPE | LANCIFRUCTUS |
| TYPE | LARICINA |
| ISOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR LEPTONERVIA
| ISOTYPE | LAXIFLORA | VAR SERRULATA
| TYPE COLLECTION | LEAVENWORTHII |
| ISOTYPE | LENTICULARIS | VAR PAULLIFRUCTUS
| TYPE COLLECTION | LEPORINA | VAR AMERICANA
| TYPE | LEPTOPODA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | LONGIROSTRIS | VAR MICROCYSTIS
| TYPE | LUNELLIANA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | LUZULINA |
| COTYPE | MACROKOLEA |
| TYPE | MACROSPERMA |
| ISOTYPE | MADRENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | MANOONIANA |
| TYPE | MARCIDA | VAR DEBILIS
| HOLOTYPE | MARIPOSANA |
| ISOTYPE | MEADIl |
| TYPE | MEDITERRANIA |
| ISOTYPE | MENDOCINENSIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | MERRILLII |
| TYPE | MICROPTERA |
| ISOTYPE | MISANDROIDES |
| ISOTYPE | MISERA |
| HOLOTYPE | MOHRIANA |
| HOLOTYPE | MOLESTA |
| SYNTYPE | MONTANENSIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | NANA |
| ISOTYPE | NEBRASKENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | NEBRASKENSIS | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS
| ISOTYPE | NEBRASKENSIS | VAR ULTRIFORMIS
| HOLOTYPE | NELSONII |
| ISOTYPE | X NEOBIGELOWII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | NEOMEXICANA |
| ISOTYPE | NEUROPHORA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | NIORO-MARGINATA |
| ISOTYPE | NUTTALLII |
| ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
| TYPE | OEDERI | VAR ROUSSEAUIANA
| TYPE | OKLAHOMENSIS |
| SYNTYPE | OLYMPICA |
| TYPE | ONUSTA |
| SYNTYPE | OREGONENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | ORONENSIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | OXYLEPIS | VAR PUBESCENS
| ISOTYPE | PADDOENSIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PALAWANENSIS |
| SYNTYPE | PANSA |
| ISOTYPE | PAPULOSA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PARRYANA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PAUCICOSTATA |
| HOLOTYPE | PELOCARPA |
| HOLOTYPE | PERGLOBOSA |
| ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
| TYPE | PERSTRICTA |
| TYPE | PETASATA |
| TYPE | PETRICOSA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PHAEOCEPHALA |
| ISOTYPE | PHAEOLEPIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | PHILOCRENA |
| ISOTYPE | PHYLLOMANJCA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PHYSOCHLAENA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PICTA |
| ISOTYPE | PINETORUM | VAR ELATIOR
| TYPE MATERIAL | PITYOPHILA |
| HOLOTYPE | PLATYLEPIS |
| HOLOTYPE | PRAECEPTORIUM |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PRIONPHYLLA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PROJECTA |
| HOLOTYPE | PROPOSITA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PSEUDOJAPONICA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PTYCHOCARPA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | PURPURIFERA |
| SYNTYPE | QUADRIFIDA |
| SYNTYPE | QUADRIFIDA | VAR LENIS
| ISOTYPE | X QUEBECENSIS |
| TYPE | RACHILLIS |
| TYPE | RETROFLEXA |
| COTYPE | RHYNCHACHAENIUM |
| ISOTYPE | RORAIMENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | ROSAEOIDES |
| ISOTYPE | ROSEA | VAR ARKANSANA
| TYPE | ROSEA | VAR PUSILLA
| TYPE | ROSEA | VAR STAMINATA
| TYPE | RUBRO-BRUNNEA | VAR ELINEOLATA
| ISOTYPE | RUGATA |
| TYPE | RUGOSPERMA |
| TYPE | RUSBYI |
| HOLOTYPE | RUTHII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SALINAEFORMIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SANGUINEA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SARTWELLII |
| ISOTYPE | SAVAIIENSIS |
| TYPE MATERIAL | SAXIMONTANA |
| TYPE | SCABRIUSCULA |
| TYPE | SCIRPIFORMIS |
| TYPE COLLECTION | SCIRPOIDEA | VAR GIGAS
| TYPE COLLECTION | SCIRPOIDEA | VAR STENOCHLAENA
| TYPE COLLECTION | SCOPARIA | VAR MINOR
| ISOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR SUBTURBINATA
| ISOTYPE | SCOPARIA | VAR TESSELLATA
| HOLOTYPE | SCOULERI |
| ISOTYPE | SHELDONII |
| TYPE | SHELDONII |
| TYPE COLL ECT ION | SICCATA |
| HOLOTYPE | SIMULATA |
| ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
| TYPE | STANTONENSIS |
| ISOTYPE | STELLATA |
| TYPE | STELLULATA | VAR CONFERTA
| TYPE | STENOPTERA |
| ISOTYPE | STERILIS | VAR EXCELSIOR
| TYPE COLLECTION | STEUDELII |
| TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA
| TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR SUBSECUTA
| ISOTYPE | STIPATA | VAR UBERIOR
| SYNTYPE | STRAMINEA | VAR CUMULATA
| SYNTYPE | STRAMINEA | VAR RENIFORMIS
| TYPE COLLECTION | STRICTA | VAR XEROCARPA
| TYPE COLLECTION | STYLOFLEXA |
| HOLOTYPE | SUB-BRACTEATA |
| TYPE | SUBORBICULATA |
| TYPE MATERIAL | SUBTRANSVERSA |
| ISOTYPE | SUKSDORFII |
| SYNTYPE | SUKSDORFII | VAR OVALIS
| HOLOTYPE | TAMAKII |
| HOLOTYPE | TENERAEFORMIS |
| SYNTYPE | TERETIUSCULA | VAR AMPLA
| ISOTYPE | TOMPKINSI |
| ISOTYPE | TOREADORA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | TORTA | VAR STAMINATA
| ISOTYPE | TOWNSENDII |
| TYPE | TRACYI |
| ISOTYPE | TRIANGULARIS |
| ISOTYPE | TRISPERMA |
| TYPE | TSOI |
| HOLOTYPE | TUMULICOLA |
| TYPE | TURGESCENS |
| ISOTYPE | TURUMIQUIRENSIS |
| TYPE | UNDERWOODII |
| TYPE | UNILATERALIS |
| ISOTYPE | VAGANS |
| HOLOTYPE | VERNACULA | VAR HOBSONII
| TYPE COLLECTION | WERDERMANNII |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
| SYNTYPE | WHITNEYI |
| TYPE COLLECTION | WILKESII |
| TYPE TYPE COLLECTION | WILLIAMSII WRIGHTII |
| TYPE | XANTHOCARPA | VAR ANNECTANS
| SYNTYPE | XERANTICA |
| TYPE COLLECTION | XEROCARPA |
| TYPE | YUKONENSIS |
UC (UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)
905439 | HOLOTYPF | APODA |
905436 | HOLOTYPE | ARAPAHOENSIS |
50814 | HOLOTYPE | DAVY I |
910020 | HOLOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
127723 | HOLOTYPE | LANCIFRUCTUS |
55234 | HOLOTYPE | LEPORINELLA |
1098 | ISOTYPE | MENDXINENSIS |
319673 | HOLOTYPE | OBLANCEOLATA |
1060 | HOLOTYPE | PACHYCARPA |
905434 | HOLOTYPE | PAYSONIS |
835699 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
905433 | HOLOTYPE | SUBIMPRESSA |
905441 | HOLOTYPE | TRIBULOIDES | VAR SANGAMONENSIS
US (U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON)
2003161 | TYPE COLLECTION | ABSCONDITA | VAR ROSTELLATA
2003299 | ISOTYPE X | ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
25164 | TYPE COLLECTION | ACUTINA |
817087 | TYPE COLLECTION | ACUTINA |
27286 | HOLOTYPE | ACUTINELLA |
440179 | TYPE COLLECTION | AGGLOMERATA |
617798 | TYPE | AGROSTOIDES |
694342 | TYPE | AGROSTOIDES |
858947 | TYPE COLLECTION | ALBO-NIGRA |
2231424 | TYPE | AMPLISQUAMA |
865058 | TYPE | ANTHOXANTHERA |
1030011 | TYPE COLLECTION | ARSENII |
2265958 | HOLOTYPE | ATHABASCENSIS |
319165 | SYNTYPE | ATHROSTACHYA |
2133192 | TYPE | ATRACTODES |
2096188 | ISOTYPE | ATROFUSCA | VAR DECOLORATA
622651 | HOLOTYPE | ATROSQUAMA |
817295 | HOLOTYPE | AUTUMNAL IS |
1933437 | ISOTYPE | AZUAYAE |
2333748 | ISOTYPE | BAMBUSETORUM |
1232938 | SYNTYPE | BANKSII |
415269 | TYPE COLLECTION | BRACHYPODA |
964504 | TYPE COLLECTION | BRAINERDII |
711129 | TYPE | BRUNNEA | VAR SUBTEIOGYNA
587668 | TYPE COLLECTION | BULBOSTYLIS |
29741 | TYPE COLLECTION | CALIFORNICA |
319268 | TYPE COLLECTION | CAJLIFORNICA |
690937 | TYPE COLLECTION | CAMPLYOCARPA |
1885701 | ISOTYPE | CAMPYLOCARPA | SSP AFFINIS
368814 | SYNTYPE | CHALCIOLEPIS |
28433 | ISOTYPE | CHAPMANI |
2460272 | HOLOTYPE | CHIAPENSIS |
306281 | ISOTYPE | CHIHUAHUAENSIS |
462090 | ISOTYPE | CILIARIS |
28457 | TYPE COLLECTION | CINNAMOMEA |
319228 | TYPE COLLECTION | CINNAMOMEA |
350077 | TYPE COLLECTION | CLADOSTACHYA | VAR MAXIMA
1839933 | ISOTYPE | CLIVICOLA |
2038822 | TYPE COLLECTION | COMANS | VAR STRICTA
27235 | TYPE MATERIAL | CONFERTIFLORA |
1032323 | HOLOTYPE | CONSPECTA |
278555 | ISOTYPE | CRINITA | VAR BREVICRINIS
278555 | SYNTYPE | CRINITA | VAR SIMULANS
1682487 | ISOTYPE | CRUS-CORVI | VAR VIRGINIANA
1302602 | TYPE COLLECTION | CUBENSIS |
1765700 | ISOTYPE | DANAENSIS |
2003164 | ISOTYPE | DEBRIS | VAR INTERCURSA
2003133 | ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR ASYMMETRICA
969118 | TYPE COLLECTION | DIGITALIS | VAR GLAUCA
1761151 | ISOTYPE | DIGITALIS | VAR MACROPODA
817314 | TYPE COLLECTION | DONNELL-SMITHII |
2176489 | ISOTYPE X | DUMANII |
579795 | TYPE MATERIAL | DURANDII |
857864 | TYPE | EGGLESTONII |
2466328 | HOLOTYPE | EGGLESTONII | VAR FESTIVELLIFORMIS
1411790 | COTYPE | EKMANII |
1414090 | TYPE COLLECTION | EKMANII | VAR HOTTENSIS
854950 | TYPE MATERIAL | ELMERI |
1531248 | TYPE MATERIAL | ELRODI |
368818 | TYPE COLLECTION | ELYNOIDES |
270933 | ISOTYPE | EPAPILLOSA |
2265959 | HOLOTYPE | EURYSTACHYA |
2176495 | ISOTYPE X | EXSALINA |
1123660 | ISOTYPE | FARGESII |
2449506 | ISOTYPE | FISSA | VAR ARISTATA
468192 | TYPE | FLACCIFOLIA |
817810 | HOLOTYPE | FRACTA |
397187 | TYPE COLLECTION | FUSCOLUTEA |
251773 | TYPE COLLECTION | FUSCOTINCTA |
817237 | TYPE COLLECTION | FUSCOTINCTA |
63525 | TYPE MATERIAL | GARBERI |
660800 | TYPE | GEOPHILA |
319177 | ISOTYPE | GRACILIOR |
29651 | SYNTYPE | HALLII |
28685 | ISOTYPE | HARFORDII |
509004 | ISOTYPE | HELLERI |
28206 | TYPE COLLECTION | HETERONEURA |
802160 | TYPE MATERIAL | ICHANGENSIS |
235568 | TYPE COLLECTION | IOAHOA |
235569 | TYPE COLLECTION | IOAHOA |
2265956 | HOLOTYPE | INCONDITA |
1872574 | ISOTYPE | INTERIMUS |
1733722 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS
605797 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR JOSSELYNII
1697057 | ISOTYPE | INTERIOR | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS
30661 | TYPE COLLECTION | INVOLUCRATELLA |
825890 | TYPE MATERIAL | JAMESONI | VAR SUBFULVA
1325047 | ISOTYPE | KATAHOINENSIS |
2074700 | TYPE MATERIAL | KAUAIENSIS |
430229 | SYNTYPE | LACUNARUM |
801132 | SYNTYPE | LANCIFOLIA |
1932015 | ISOTYPE | LARENSIS |
538796 | HOLOTYPE | LEIOPHYLLA |
29211 | TYPE COLLECTION | LEMMONI |
2231577 | HOLOTYPE | LIMNOPHILA |
800846 | SYNTYPE | LONGICRURIS | VAR HENRYI
964880 | TYPE COLLECTION | LUZULINA |
1746479 | ISOTYPE | MACKENZIANA |
27238 | TYPE MATERIAL- | MACROGLOSSA |
301267 | TYPE | MADRENSIS |
969118 | TYPE MATERIAL | MAGNIFOLIA |
1789621 | ISOTYPE | MELOZITNENSIS |
29453 | ISOTYPE | MENDOCINENSIS |
711171 | TYPE MATERIAL | MERRILLII |
27281 | TYPE MATERIAL | MICANS |
2501314 | ISOTYPE | MICRANTHA |
30695 | ISOTYPE | MICROGLOCHIN | SSP FUEGINA
2543807 | HOLOTYPE | MICROPTERA | VAR CRASSINERVIA
886422 | HOLOTYPE | MISERABILIS |
2133195 | ISOTYPE | MOHRIANA |
23257 | SYNTYPE | MONTANENSIS |
2095886 | ISOTYPE | MORRISSEYI |
27280 | TYPE MATERIAL | NANA |
1438017 | TYPE COLLECTION | NEBRASKENSIS | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS
2433719 | ISOTYPE | X NEOBIGELOWII |
2176496 | ISOTYPE | X NEOPALEACEA |
286861 | ISOTYPE | NERVINA |
31277 | TYPE MATERIAL | NUTANS | VAR JAPONICA
251772 | TYPE COLLECTION | OAXACANA |
817656 | TYPE COLLECTION | OAXACANA |
1678188 | ISOTYPE | OBISPOENSIS |
30695 | ISOTYPE | OLIGANTHA |
504456 | ISOTYPE | ONUSTA |
27292 | TYPE MATERIAL | OXYCARPA |
415172 | TYPE | PACHYSTOMA |
529528 | TYPE MATERIAL | PAODOENSIS |
872800 | TYPE MATERIAL | PALAWANENSIS |
31344 | ISOTYPE | PAPULOSA |
27275 | TYPE MATERIAL | PARCIFLORA |
2133207 | TYPE | PERCOSTATA |
461358 | ISOTYPE | PERLONGA |
1545831 | TYPE | PHALAROIOES | VAR PARVULA
31374 | TYPE MATERIAL | PICTA |
1563811 | TYPE | PIRCHINCHENSIS | VAR SIMPLEX
660821 | TYPE | PITYOPHILA |
27269 | TYPE MATERIAL | PLANATA |
2420276 | HOLOTYPE | PLECTOCARPA |
2074725 | TYPE MATERIAL | PLUVICA | VAR KOOLAUENSIS
27270 | TYPE MATERIAL | PODOGYNA |
458108 | TYPE MATERIAL | PRAINII |
2265957 | HOLOTYPE | PRATICOLA | VAR SUBCORIACEA
865056 | TYPE MATERIAL | PRESLII |
817724 | TYPE COLLECTION | PRINGLEI |
1123683 | ISOTYPE | PTEROLEPTA |
1282178 | TYPE | PURPUREOVAGINATA | VAR ITATIAIAE
1398830 | TYPE MATERIAL | PYCNOTHYSOS |
2433718 | ISOTYPE | X QUEBECENSIS |
2133193 | TYPE | QUICHENSIS |
1872576 | TYPE MATERIAL | RACHILLIS |
626608 | TYPE MATERIAL | RAMOSII |
2133190 | HOLOTYPE | ROANENSIS |
1754487 | ISOTYPE | RUBRO-BRUNNEA | VAR ELINEOLATA
2003132 | ISOTYPE | RUGATA |
30267 | TYPE COLLECTION | RUSBYI |
29888 | TYPE COLLECTION | SALINAEFORMIS |
319226 | TYPE COLLECTION | SALINAEFORMIS |
1545752 | TYPE | SALTAENSIS |
2176493 | ISOTYPE X | SAXENII | NM. FERRUGINEA
528631 | ISOTYPE | SCABRIUSCULA |
305734 | TYPE COLLECTION | SEATONIANA |
528495 | TYPE COLLECTION | SHELDONII |
511177 | TYPE COLLECTION | SMALLIANA |
1736782 | ISOTYPE | SONOMENSIS |
30329 | SYNTYPE | SPECIFICA |
2006386 | ISOTYPE | SPECUICOLA |
452499 | HOLOTYPE | STELLATA |
616142 | TYPE MATERIAL | STENOPHYLLA | VAR DESERTORUM
969091 | TYPE COLLECTION | STIPATA | VAR MAXIMA
28683 | ISOTYPE | SUB-BRACTEATA |
1765699 | ISOTYPE | SUBNIGRICANS |
710428 | TYPE MATERIAL | SUB TRANSVERSA |
1437926 | TYPE COLLECTION | SUKSDORFII |
1932033 | ISOTYPE | TACHIRENSIS |
2092356 | TYPE MATERIAL | TETSUOI |
2604281 | ISOTYPE | TOMPKINSI |
568126 | HOLOTYPE | TOWNSENOII |
1675120 | TYPE MATERIAL | TSOI |
1933688 | ISOTYPE | TURUMIQUIRENSIS |
1872573 | ISOTYPE | VERNACULA | VAR HOBSONII
2050647 | ISOTYPE | VESICARIA | VAR LAURENTIANA
2231425 | HOLOTYPE | VEX ANS |
886234 | TYPE | VIRIDIOR |
1967819 | ISOTYPE | VITIENSIS |
279151 | ISOTYPE | VITREA |
2074653 | TYPE COLLECTION | WAHUENSIS | VAR RUBIGINOSA
2133191 | TYPE COLLECTION | WILLDENOWI I | VAR MEGARRHYNCHA
2050636 | ISOTYPE X | XANTHINA |

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¹ This is No. 70 in the Flora North America Report series.