SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: “It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge.” This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series:

Smithsonian Annals of Flight

Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology

Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics

Smithsonian Contributions to Botany

Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences

Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology

Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology

In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other interested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available.

S. DILLON RIPLEY
Secretary
Smithsonian Institution

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 166

A Checklist of the North and Middle American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae)

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS

City of Washington

1974

A B S T R A C T

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr. A Checklist of the North and Middle American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 166, 161 pages, 294 figures, 1974.—Included in this alphabetical list are all of the North and Middle American crayfishes, including two fossil species, that were described prior to 1 January 1973. Within the treatment of each specific or subspecific taxon is a synonymy in which are cited alterations in generic and subgeneric assignments, erroneous spellings, and synonyms. References also are given to recent descriptions, discussions, and keys. The composition and locations of type-series are cited, as are the type-locality, range, and habitat of each species and subspecies. Nomina nuda that have been neither validated nor synonymized with other crayfish taxa, together with one name suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, are listed separately. Illustrations, which are arranged in related species groups, are provided for each of the 294 recognized extant species and subspecies.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SI PRESS NUMBER 4984. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus).

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data.

Hobbs, Horton Holcombe, Jr., 1914–

A checklist of the North and Middle American crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae). (Smithsonian contributions to zoology no. 166)

1. Astacidae. 2. Cambaridae. 3. Crustacea—North America. 4. Crustacea—Central America.

I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology, no. 166. QL1.S54 no. 166 [QL444.M33] 591′.08s [595′.3841] 73–16027

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 • Price $2.50 (paper cover)

A Checklist of the North and Middle American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae)

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

____________

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr., Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.

Introduction

Preparation of this checklist of the crayfishes of North and Middle America began late in the 1940's but its presentation for publication has been repeatedly postponed because of the almost continuous appearance of descriptions of new taxa. The most recent checklist appeared more than half a century ago (Faxon, 1914); since then the number of described species and subspecies has nearly tripled. As a result of this and because most descriptions subsequent to Faxon's checklist have been published in short papers scattered among many journals, a revised compilation is needed. This list is being published despite the fact that there remain many undescribed species; indeed, descriptions of at least a dozen species are now in preparation or in press.

To the best of my knowledge, all of the North and Middle American crayfishes (including two fossil species) that were described prior to 1 January 1973 are accounted for in this summary (most also are incorporated in a recent key to the crayfish fauna of the same area, Hobbs, 1972b). While those few species that have been described since that date are not treated, combinations involving older names have been updated to June 1973.

Preceding the alphabetical list of species is a list of nomina nuda that have not been validated, together with one name that has been suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Included in the treatment of each specific or subspecific taxon is a synonymy in which are cited alterations in generic and subgeneric assignments, erroneous spellings, and synonyms; in only rare instances are references to misidentifications listed. References also are given to recent descriptions, discussions, and keys. The composition and locations of the type-series are cited and, where possible, the sexes of the syntypes and primary-types are indicated. In instances in which the type designations included a holotypic male, form I, and a “paratypic male, form II” (the latter clearly separated from the remainder of the paratypic-series), the paratypic male has been referred to here as “morphotype,” the name enclosed in quotation marks. In citing the types of those taxa for which a morphotype was designated by the describer, the quotation marks are omitted.

The type-locality, range, and habitats are given for each taxon. The designations “primary, secondary, and tertiary burrowers” follow Hobbs (1942b:20): primary burrowers are those largely restricted to burrows; secondary burrowers are those that generally occupy burrows but often wander into open water during times when the mouths of the burrows are flooded; and tertiary burrowers are those that burrow “only in periods of drought or occasionally, but not necessarily, during the breeding season.”

Insofar as possible the illustrations, which are arranged in related species groups, are based upon types of the species; and in the comparatively few instances in which types were not available, specimens were chosen from, or as close to, the type-locality as possible (see Explanation of Illustrations).

LOCATIONS OF TYPES.—The following abbreviations are used for museums or collections in which specimens of one or more type-series have been deposited:

Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist.: Alabama Museum of Natural History, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

AMNH: American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York.

AMS: Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia.

ANSP: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

BMNH: British Museum, Natural History, London, England.

BSNH: Boston Society of Natural History, Boston, Massachusetts.

Chas. M.: Charleston Museum, South Carolina.

CM: Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

GM: Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland.

IBM: Instituto de Biologdía de la Universidad Nacional Autdónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Ill. St. Lab. Nat. Hist.: Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana, Illinois.

La. Polytechnic Inst.: Louisiana Polytechnic Institute, Ruston, Louisiana.

MCZ: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

MHNP: Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.

Mus. Washburn Coll.: Museum of Washburn College, now Department of Biology, Washburn University, Topeka, Kansas.

Mus. Zool. Torino: Instituto e Museo di Zoologdia, Delia Università di Torino, Italy.

NMV: National Museum of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.

OSM: Ohio State Museum, Columbus, Ohio.

PM: Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

RR: Collection of Rendell Rhoades, Ashland College, Ashland, Ohio.

TU: Department of Zoology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.

UF: Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

USNM: National Museum of Natural History (formerly under United States National Museum), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

UZM: Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Krystalgade, København K., Denmark.

Würzburg Mus.: Würzburg Museum, Würzburg, Germany.

ZBM: Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, East Germany.

ZIAS: Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

In addition, type-specimens of a few species are in the collections of the following: Troy C. Dorris, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; Max R. Matteson, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois; Leslie Hubricht, Meridian, Mississippi; Hugo L. James, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut; Rollin D. Reimer, Texas A & M, College Station, Texas; Joe B. Black, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, Louisiana; Joseph F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., Randolph-Macon Woman's College, Lynchburg, Virginia; Jerry G. Walls, Hightstown, New Jersey; Raymond W. Bouchard, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Rudolph Prins, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green; H. H. Hobbs III, Christopher Newport College, Newport News, Virginia; and Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

Three large and important crayfish collections—those of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, and the personal collection of the author—have been transferred to the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and the type-specimens cited by many previous authors as having been deposited in those collections are now in the Smithsonian crayfish collection.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF NORTH AMERICAN CRAYFISHES.—Prior to the publication of Girard's (1852) revision of the North American Astaci, which treated 20 species, all of the North American crayfishes were assigned to the genus Astacus. Girard was the first to employ Erichson's (1846) subgeneric designation Cambarus as a generic name, and with its adoption by Hagen (1870) in his Monograph of the North American Astacidae and the clear delineation drawn between Cambarus, in the Atlantic watershed, and Astacus, largely restricted to the Pacific slope, a generic stability was established that remained unchanged until 1933. The first checklist of holarctic crayfishes was that of Faxon (1884), in which 60 North American species were recognized. Faxon revised the Astacidae in 1885 but made few changes in the “species groups” originally proposed by Hagen. With some reshuffling of species, Ortmann (1905c, 1905d, 1906a) proposed the recognition of six subgenera of Cambarus: Cambarus, Bartonius, Faxonius, Cambarellus, Procambarus, and Paracambarus. Fowler (1912), in reviewing the Crustacea of New Jersey, pointed out that Ortmann (1905c) overlooked Faxon's (1898) selection of Astacus Bartonii Fabricius as the type-species of Cambarus. Ortmann had chosen that crayfish as the type-species of the subgenus Bartonius, and Astacus Blandingii Harlan as that of his subgenus Cambarus. Thus the name Bartonius was shown to be a junior objective synonym of Erichson's Cambarus, and Ortmannicus was proposed to replace Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus.

In his checklist of the crayfishes Faxon (1914) included 110 species and subspecies from North America but recognized no subgenera. An alteration in the generic assignment of the North American crayfishes had its inception with Creaser (1933a) who elevated Ortmann's subgenus Faxonius to generic rank. Not until 1942, however, was there a major departure from the generic structure that had been established by Girard (1852) and Hagen (1870).

Creaser (1933b) erected the monotypic subgenus Faxonella to receive Cambarus clypeatus Hay. This subgenus was questionably accorded generic status by Creaser (1962) and was clearly so treated by Fitzpatrick (1963).

Lyle (1938) designated the subgenus Girardiella to encompass Faxon's (1914) Group II.

Hobbs (1942a) proposed the elevation of Ortmann's subgeneric groupings of Cambarus to generic rank, recognizing the subfamilies Astacinae and Cambarinae, the latter comprising the following genera: Cambarus, Procambarus (including Fowler's Ortmannicus and Lyle's Girardiella), Orconectes (=Ortmann's Faxonius), Cambarellus, Paracambarus, and Troglocambarus, the latter described as new. Orconectes Cope (1872) was considered to be a subjective senior synonym of Ortmann's Faxonius.

Villalobos (1955) recognized the Cambaroidinae as a subfamily of the Astacidae, and Laguarda (1961) designated a fourth subfamily, the Cambarellinae. Fitzpatrick and Payne (1968) added the genus Hobbseus, and Hobbs (1969b), in revising the genus Cambarus, proposed the genus Fallicambarus. In the latter revision, 10 subgenera (see below) of Cambarus were recognized. One of them, Barbicambarus, was elevated to generic rank by Bouchard (1972).

In 1972, Hobbs (1972a) recognized 16 subgenera of Procambarus, resurrecting the subgenera Ortmannicus (Fowler, 1912) and Girardiella (Lyle, 1938) and returning Paracambarus to subgeneric status in Procambarus. Later in the same year, Hobbs' (1972b) key to most of the crayfishes, included herein, was made available.

Finally, in a synopsis of the families and genera of crayfishes, Hobbs (1974) proposed a restructuring of the Astacuran infraorder Astacidea as follows:

INFRAORDER ASTACIDEA

Superfamily Nephropoidea Dana, 1852 (lobsters and marine allies)

Superfamily Parastacoidea Huxley, 1879 (crayfishes of the Southern Hemisphere)

Superfamily Astacoidea Latreille, 1802–1803

Family Astacidae Latreille, 1802–1803

Genus Astacus Fabricius, 1775 (Europe and western Asia)

Subgenus Astacus Fabricius, 1775

Subgenus Pontastacus Bott, 1950

Genus Austropotamobius Skorikov, 1908 (Europe)

Subgenus Austropotamobius Skorikov, 1908

Subgenus Atlantoastacus Bott, 1950

Genus Pacifastacus Bott, 1950

Family Cambaridae Hobbs, 1942a

Subfamily Cambarinae Hobbs, 1942a

Genus Barbicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Cambarus Erichson, 1846

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Vcticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Faxonella Creaser, 1933b

Genus Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968

Genus Orconectes Cope, 1872

Genus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle, 1938

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Villalobosus Hobbs, 1972a

Genus Troglocambarus Hobbs, 1942a

Subfamily Cambarellinae Laguarda, 1961

Genus Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c

Subfamily Cambaroidinae Villalobos, 1955 (eastern Asia and Japan)

Genus Cambaroides Faxon, 1884

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—Among the many persons to whom I am indebted for assistance in compiling this checklist are Dr. J. Forest, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris; the late Dr. H. Gisin, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva; Dr. H.-E. Gruner, Zoologisches Museum, Berlin; Dr. H. W. Levi, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Dr. Paul W. Parmalee, Illinois State Museum, Springfield; Dr. J. J. Parodiz, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Dr. N. E. Pearson, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana; Dr. Philip W. Smith, Illinois State Natural History Survey, Urbana; Dr. David H. Stansbery, Ohio State Museum, Columbus; Dr. Y. Starobogatov, Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R., Leningrad; Dr. J. Taubucci, Instituto e Museo di Zoologdia, Torino, Italy; Dr. S. L. Tuxen, Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Copenhagen; Dr. Alejandro Villalobos, Universidad Nacional Autdónoma de México, Mexico City; and Dr. J. C. Yaldwyn, formerly of the Australian Museum, Sydney. I am also grateful to the following persons who have read or assisted in checking certain parts of the manuscript: Thomas E. Bowman, Fenner A. Chace, Jr., Martha R. Cooper, Margaret A. Daniel, Joseph F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., Georgia B. Hobbs, Richard L. Hoffman, and Mary H. Moulton.

Nomina Nuda neither Validated nor Synonymized with Other Crayfish Taxa

Cambarus (Cambarus) lobdelli Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambaras (Faxonius) creaseri Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus carri Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus evansi Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus jorestae Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) cookae Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evictus Lyle, 1938:76.

Cambarus schmittii Penn, 1941:8 [questionably synonymized with Cambarellus puer Hobbs].

Cambarus lucifugus Packard, 1888:82 [lapsus for Crangonyx lucifugus Hay].

Suppressed Name

Astacus oreganus Randall, 1840:138. [Suppressed by Opinion 855 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1968:84.]

Species Inquirenda

Cambarus primaevus Packard

Cambarus primaevus Packard, 1880:222; 1881a:832; 1881b:391.

Cambarus primoevus.—Villalobos, 1955:14 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Not known to be extant.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lower Tertiary beds in the Bear River Valley, “75 to 100 miles a little west of north of Evanston, Wyo., and near the Utah line” (Packard, 1881b:391).

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

REMARKS.—It is highly doubtful that this crayfish is a member of the genus Cambarus as presently defined; and, on the basis of available information, it cannot be assigned to any of the subgenera. Possibly, it is not even a member of the Cambaridae! The original combination of Packard is retained because, until the type specimens or additional material of the species become available, no assessment of its relationships to other crayfishes can be made.

Procambarus wiegmanni (Erichson)

Astacus (Cambarus) Wiegmanni Erichson, 1846:99.

Cambarus Wiegmanni.—Hagen, 1870:54.

Cambarus wiegmanni.—Faxon, 1890:621.

Procambarus wiegmanni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus weigmanni.—Villalobos, 1949:338 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus Weigmanni.—Villalobos, 1950:381–383 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Type lost from BMNH.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mexico.

RANGE.—Unknown.

HABITAT.—Unknown.

REMARKS.—The identity of this crayfish has not been recognized with certainty since it was described. Villalobos (1950) reviewed its history and designated Erichson's name a nomen nudum. Inasmuch as Erichson diagnosed and described the species and stated that it occurs in Mexico, it cannot be considered a nomen nudum.

The species was referred to the genus Procambarus on the basis of Erichson's (1846:99) statement, “Des zweite Glied am dritten und am vierten Beinpaar beim Männchen mit einem hakenförmigen Fortsatz.” Only two crayfish genera are known to occur in Mexico, and, of the two, this statement could apply only to a member of the genus Procambarus.

The Checklist

Family ASTACIDAE Latreffle, 1802–1803

Genus Pacifastacus Bott

Astacus.—Dana, 1852:522.

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:90.

Cambrus Girard, 1852:90 [erroneous spelling].

Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Pacifastacus Bott, 1950:24. [Type-species by original designation, Astacus klamathensis Stimpson, 1857a:87. Gender: masculine.]

Pasifastacus Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus chenoderma (Cope), new combination

Astacus chenoderma Cope, 1871:606.—Rathbun, 1926:130, pl. 29: fig. 7; pls. 31–34.

?Astacus subgrundialis Cope, 1871:605. [Types not extant. Type-locality, “fresh water deposit in the Territory of Idaho, near Hot Springs Mountain.”]

?Astacus breviforceps Cope, 1871:606. [Types not extant. Type-locality, same as that for Astacus chenoderma, see below.]

TYPES.—Syntype, USNM 353343; other syntypes probably lost.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Catherine's creek, Idaho.” According to an annotation in a reprint, this is “a local name for the upper part of Castle Creek, Owyhee County.” A Pliocene deposit.

RANGE.—Miocene and Pliocene deposits in Idaho and Oregon.

REMARKS.—Rathbun (1926) redescribed and figured Cope's A. chenoderma, suggesting that both A. breviforceps and A. subgrundialis are probable synonyms. Since the types are lost and accounts of specimens assignable to either have not appeared since Miss Rathbun's review of the species, I have followed her in including these species as probable synonyms of Pacifastacus chenoderma. The species is transferred to the genus Pacifastacus because the rostrum with as many as seven pairs of marginal spines is a feature foreign to members of the Eurasian Astacidae but strongly resembles that of four members of the American astacid genus Pacifastacus: P. connectens, P. fortis, P. gambelii, and P. nigrescens.

Pacifastacus connectens (Faxon)

FIGURE 1

Astacus gambelii connectens Faxon, 1914:360, pl. 7: figs. 6, 10; pl. 10.

Pacifastacus gambelii connectens.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus gambeli connectens.—Riegel, 1959:43.

Pacifastacus gambelii connectons.—Holt, 1960:61 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus connectens.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 12d, 14a.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 230% (3art, art), MCZ 73285 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Snake River, Upper Salmon Falls, Logan County, Idaho.

RANGE.—Idaho and Oregon.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Pacifastacus fortis (Faxon)

FIGURE 3

Astacus nigrescens fortis Faxon, 1914:360, pl. 7: figs. 5, 9; pl. 9: fig. 2.

Pacifastacus nigrescens fortis.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus fortis.—Hobbs, 1972b:23, figs. 13c, 14c.

TYPES Syntypes, USNM 44404 (art, 2 art), MCZ 7383 (art, 9).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Fall River, Fall City Mills, Shasta County, California.

RANGE.—Known only from Shasta County, California.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Pacifastacus gambelii (Girard)

FIGURE 2

Cambrus Gambelii Girard, 1852:90 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Cambarus Gambeli.—Hagen, 1870:31.

Astacus Gambeli.—Hagen, 1870:28.

Astacus Gambelii.—Hagen, 1870:90, pl. 1: figs. 97, 98; pl. 3: fig. 170; pl. 11.

Astacus (Astacus) Gambelii.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Astacus (Astacus) gambelii.—Faxon, 1898:666 by [implication].

Potamobius (Potamobius) gambeli.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Astacus gambelii gambelii.—Faxon, 1914:360 [by implication].

Astacus gambelii.—Rathbun, 1926:133.

Pacifastacus gambelii gambelii.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Astacus gambeli.—Pennak, 1953:461.

Pacifastacus gambelii.—Kozloff, 1955:156.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 13a, 14b.

Pacifastacus gambeli.—Riegel, 1959:29, 43–44, figs. 3c, 8.

TYPES.—Syntypes, ANSP 1531 (10+, mostly fragments), 1532 (5 specimens).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“California.”

RANGE.—Pacific slope and in the Missouri River drainage in California (?), Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis (Stimpson)

FIGURE 6

Astacus Klamathensis Stimpson, 1857a:87.—Hagen, 1870:93, pl. 3: fig. 169—Faxon, 1885a:131, pl. 6: figs. 1, 2.

Astacus (Astacus) Klamathensis.—Faxon, 1884:151 [by implication].

Astacus klamathensis.—Faxon, 1890:634.

Potamobius (Potamobius) klamathensis.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Pacifastacus klamathensis.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:41, figs. 3B, 7, 10.

TYPES.—Not extant; “probably destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:409).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lake Klamath, Klamath County, Oregon.

RANGE.—Washington south to central California.

HABITAT.—Lakes and cold, swift streams.

Pacifastacus leniusculus leniusculus (Dana)

FIGURE 5

Astacus leniusculus Dana, 1852:522, 524; 1855, pl. 33: fig. 1a,b.—Hagen, 1870:94.

Astacus laeviusculus.—Lockington, 1878:304 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) leniusculus.—Faxon, 1884:151 [by implication]; 1885a: 132, pl. 6: fig. 4.

Potamobius (Potamobius) leniusculus.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Potamobius leniusculus.—Roberts, 1944:363.

Pacifastacus leniusculus.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:39, figs. 1D–H, 3A, 6, 10.

“Astacus” (Pacifastacus) leniusculus.—Brinck, 1968:85.

Pacifastacus leniusculus leniusculus.—Hobbs, 1972b:21, figs. 12a, 14e.

Pacifastaculus leniuscus.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spellings].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 2019 (art), 2161 (art), 44408 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Columbia River and Puget Sound, Washington.

RANGE.—British Columbia, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. Introduced into Sweden (Svärdson, 1965:92) and Japan (Kamita, 1970:140).

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

REMARKS.—Astacus leniusculus was placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology, name number 2244, in Opinion 855 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1968:84).

Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii (Stimpson)

FIGURE 7

Astacus Trowbridgii Stimpson, 1857a:87; 1857b:493.—Hagen, 1870:93, pl. 3: fig. 171; pl. 10.

Astacus (Astacus) Trowbridgii.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Astacus (Astacus) trowbridgii.—Faxon, 1898:666 [by implication].

Astacus trowbridgii.—Hay, 1899b:958.

Potamobius (Potamobius) trowbridgei.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Pacifastacus trowbridgii.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:30, fig. 1C–F.—Mason, 1970a:37, figs. 1—16; 1970b:969, figs. 1–7.

Astacus trowbridgi.—Pennak, 1953:461.

Astacus trowbridgei.—Pilgrim, 1960:249 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus trowbridgeii.—Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pasifastacus trowbridgeii.—Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 5a, 12b.

Pacifastacus trowbridgi.—Coldman, 1973:106 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus trowbridgii.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 2080 (2 art, art 9), MCZ 3510 (art), BSNH, PM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Columbia River above Astoria, Oregon.

RANGE.—British Columbia, California, Idaho, Oregon and Washington. Introduced into Japan (Kamita, 1970:148).

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

Pacifastacus nigrescens (Stimpson)

FIGURE 4

Astacus nigrescens Stimpson, 1857a:87; 1857b:492.—Hagen, 1870:92, pl. 3: fig. 168.

Astacus (Astacus) nigrescens.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Astacus nigrescens nigrescens.—Faxon, 1914:360 [by implication].

Potamobius (Potamobius) nigrescens,—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Pacifastacus nigrescens nigrescens.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus nigrescens.—Riegel, 1959:44, figs. 3D, 9, 10.—Hobbs, 1972b:23, figs. 13b, 14d.

Pacifastacus nigresens.—Goldman, 1973:107 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Not extant; “probably destroyed in Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:408).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Vicinity of San Francisco, California.

RANGE.—Vicinity of San Francisco, California.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—This species is almost, if not already. extinct.

Family CAMBARIDAE Hobbs, 1942

Subfamily CAMBARELLINAE Laguarda, 1961

Genus Cambarettus Ortmann

Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c: 106. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus Montezumae Saussure, 1857a: 102. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarelia Carlisle and Knowles, 1959:50 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus alvarezi Villalobos

FIGURE 14

Cambarellus alvarezi Villalobos, 1952:525, pl. 1: figs. 1–7; pl. 2: figs. 1–5—Hobbs, 1972b:27, fig. 15f.

TYPES.—Holotype and morphotype, IBM 1–1952 (artl, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Potosí, Nuevo León, 23 km northwest of Galeana, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—“Colecta realizada en un deposito de agua de una cuenca cerrada, situada en la parte Norte de Valle Salado” (Villalobos, 1952:531).

Cambarellus areolatus (Faxon)

FIGURE 16

Cambarus Montezumae var. areolata Faxon, 1885a: 123.

Cambarus montezumae areolatus.—Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 66: fig. 2.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae areolatus.—Ortmann, 1906a:23.

Cambarellus montezumae areolatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1955:276.

Cambarellus areolatus.—Hobbs, 1972b:27, figs. 16b, 17b.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3650 (art1, 3art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Near Parras, Coahuila, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Unknown.

Cambarellus chapalanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 15

Cambarus chapalanus Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 67: figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) chapalanus.—Ortmann, 1905c:106.

Cambarus montezumae chapalanus.—Faxon, 1914:371.

Cambarus chapalamus.—Van Straelen, 1942:5 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus montezumae chapalanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].

Cambarellus chapalanus.—Villalobos, 1955:277.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16c, 17c.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 17698 (artl); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lake Chapala, State of Jalisco, Mexico.

RANGE.—Jalisco and Michoacán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Cambarellus diminutus Hobbs

FIGURE 12

Cambarellus diminutus Hobbs, 1945b:467, figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 17, 18. 20, 25. 26; 1972b:26, fig. 15b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81554 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, CM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Sand-bottomed stream, 3.5 miles south of Irvington, Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Mobile County, Alabama, and George and Jackson counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Pools, sluggish portions of streams and ditches. Burrows when water disappears from habitat.

Cambarellus montezutnae (Saussure)

FIGURE 17

Cambarus Montezumae Saussure, 1857a: 102; 1858:459, fig. 22.

Cambarus Montezumae var. tridens von Martens, 1872:130. [Syntypes, ZBM. Type-locality, Puebla, Mexico.]

Cambarus Montezumae Montezumae.—von Martens, 1872:130 [by implication].

Cambarus montezumae.—Faxon, 1890:633.

Cambarus montezumae montezumae.—Faxon, 1898:660 [by implication].

Cambarus montezumae dugesii Faxon, 1898:660, pl. 66: fig. 1. [Syntypes, USNM 16087 (4artII, 12art), MCZ. Type-locality, State of Guanajuato, Mexico.]

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae.—Ortmann, 1905c: 106.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae dugesi.—Ortmann, 1906a:20.

Cambarellus montezumae.—Hobbs, 1942a:340; 1972b:28, figs. 16f, 18b,d.

Cambarellus montezumae montezumae—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1943:588, pl. 1; 1955:256.

Cambarellus montezumae dugesii.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].

Cambarellus montezumae forma lermensis Villalobos, 1943: 603, pl. 2: figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 20. [Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 50043(009) (artl, art (art II); paratypes, IBM. Type-locality, Lerma, Estado de México, Mexico.]

Cambarellus Montezumae.—Villalobos, 1943:587 [error in title].

Cambarellus montezumae lermensis.—Villalobos, 1953:345, 359; 1955:262, pl. 59: figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 20.

Cambarellus montezumae var. tridens—Villalobos, 1953:345.

Cambarellus montezumae dugesi.—Villalobos, 1953:345, 358.

TYPES—Syntypes, USNM 20583 (artl), GM (uncataloged, dry, 13 specimens), BMNH 3587.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Swamps of the Valley of Mexico; ponds in Chapultepec Park, Mexico.

RANGE.—Pacific slope and Valley of Mexico.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Cambarellus ninae Hobbs

FIGURE 11

Cambarellus ninae Hobbs, 1950a:89, figs. 1–17; 1972b:26, fig. 15d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 89768, 89770, 89769 (art I, art, artll); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Borrow ditches in the Aransas Refuge (along East Shore Road), Aransas County, Texas.

RANGE.—From Aransas to Matagorda and Wharton counties, Texas.

HABITAT.—Lentic habitats.

Cambarellus occidentalis (Faxon)

FIGURE 13

Cambarus montezumae occidentalis Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 66: figs. 3, 4.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae occidentalis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 106 [by implication].

Cambarellus montezumae occidentalis—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication]—Villalobos, 1953:358; 1955:276.

Cambarellus occidentalis.—Hobbs, 1972b:27, figs. 16a, 17a.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3652 (2 art I, 2 art II, art dry).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mazatlán, State of Sinaloa, Mexico.

RANGE.—Michoacán and Sinaloa, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic habitats.

Cambarellus patzcuarensis Villalobos

FIGURE 18

Cambarellus montezumae patzcuarensis Villalobos, 1943:607, pl. 2: figs. 1, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23; 1953:345, 359; 1955:265, pl. 59: figs. 1, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23.

Cambarellus patzcuarensis.—Villalobos, 1955:280.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16d, 17d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 90040 (005) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lago de Patzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Lake.

Cambarellus puer Hobbs

FIGURE 10

?Cambarus schmittii Penn, 1941:8 [nomen nudum].

Cambarellus puer Hobbs, 1945b:469, figs. 7–9. 11, 14–16, 19, 21–24; 1972b:27, figs. 5c, 15e.—Penn, 1950b:423.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81556 (artl, art, artll); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, ANSP, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 7 miles west of Dayton, Liberty County, Texas, on U.S. Highway 90.

RANGE.—From Brazos and Matagorda counties, Texas, to Green and Howard counties, Arkansas, and eastward to Ascension Parish, Louisiana, Holmes County, Mississippi, and western Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Swamps, ditches, sloughs, ponds, and sluggish streams.

Cambarellus schmitti Hobbs

FIGURE 9

Cambarellus schmitti Hobbs, 1942b: 149, figs. 176–180, 286–295; 1972b:26, fig. 15c

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81291 (artL art, artH); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, Chas. M., TU, UF (now in USNM).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small spring flowing into the Suwannee River at Brandford, Suwannee County, Florida.

RANGE.—From Mobile County, Alabama, eastward to the Suwannee River drainage system in Florida.

HABITAT.—Clear streams and springs.

Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon)

FIGURE 8

Cambarus Shufeldtii Faxon, 1884:134; 1885a:124, pl. 7: fig. 1; pl. 10: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus shufeldtii.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) shufeldti.—Ortmann, 1905c: 106.

Cambarellus shufeldtii.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication]; 1972b:25, fig. 15a.—Penn, 1942:644; 1959:14, figs. 24, 45, 63, 77, 86—Hobbs and Marchand, 1943:17, figs. 1, 11, 15, 21.

Cambarellus shufeldti.—Pcnnak, 1953:462.

Cambarella shufeldti.—Carlisle and Knowles, 1959:50 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES—Syntypes, USNM 4860 (3 art I, 7 art), MCZ 3684 (artl, artll, 2 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Near New Orleans, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Mississippi River drainage system in southern Illinois, Tennessee, Arkansas, and in Louisiana east of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers; Red River system in Louisiana and Texas; and Pascagoula and Pearl river systems in Mississippi. Introduced into Rapides, St. Bernard, and St. Tammany parishes, Louisiana (Penn, 1950b: 422), and into Harris County, Georgia (Penn, personal communication).

HABITAT.—Swamps, ditches, sloughs, lakes, ponds, and sluggish streams. Burrows when water disappears from habitat.

Cambarellus zempoalensis Villalobos

FIGURE 19

Cambarellus montezumae forma zempoalensis Villalobos, 1943:601, pl. 2: figs. 2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 17, 22.

Cambarellus montezumae zempoalensis.—Villalobos, 1953:345, 359; 1955:257, pl. 59: figs. 2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 17, 22.

Cambarellus zempoalensis.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16e, 18a,c.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 100042 (00FA) (artl, art, artII); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lagunas de Zempoala, Morelos, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Crater lakes.

Subfamily CAMBARINAE Hobbs, 1942

Genus Barbicambarus Hobbs

Barbicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:98. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus cornutus Faxon, 1884:120. Gender: masculine.]

Barbicambarus cornutus (Faxon)

FIGURE 20

Cambarus cornutus Faxon, 1884:120; 1885a:80, pl. 5: figs. 1, 2; pl. 9: figs. 3, 3′.—Cooper and Cooper, 1968:19–20, illustrated.

Cambarus (Bartonius) cornutus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) cornutus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication]. 2d, 5, 13k, 14j. 17b.

Cambarus (Barbicambarus) cornutus—Hobbs, 1969b:98, figs.

Barbicambarus cornutus.—Bouchard, 1972:56.

TYPES.—MCZ 3566 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Green River, near Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Barren and upper Green river systems in Kentucky and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Cambarus Erichson

Astacus.—Fabricius, 1798:407.

Cambarus Erichson, 1846:97. [Type-species by subsequent designation (Faxon, 1898:644), Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407. Proposed as subgenus of Astacus; elevated to generic rank by Girard, 1852:88. Gender: masculine.]

Camburus Faxon, 1885c:358 [erroneous spelling].

Comparus Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

S[ambarus] Steele, 1902:11 [erroneous spelling].

Bartontus Ortmann, 1905c:97. [Type-species by original designation, “C. bartoni” Fabricius, 1798:407. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, treated unintentionally as generic name by Williamson, 1907:749, and declared a synonym of Cambarus by Fowler, 1912:341.]

Canbarus Thompson, 1967:47 [erroneous spelling].

cambarus Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Cambaras Bouchard, 1973:106 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs

Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99. [Type-species by original designation, Orconectes hamulatus Cope, 1881:881. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus (Cope)

FIGURE 21

Orconectes hamulatus Cope, 1881:881, pl. 7: fig. 1a,b.

Cambarus hamulatus.—Faxon, 1884:145—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:17, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Bartontus) hamulatus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hamulatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Ortmann, 1931:96.

Cambarus hamueatus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:99, figs. 5, 13f, I4f, 17j.

TYPES.—Syn types, MCZ 3678 (art II, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Nickajack Cave, Marion County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—From the upper Sequatchie Valley, Tennessee, southward to Blount County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi Hobbs and Barr

FIGURE 22

Cambarus jonesi Hobbs and Barr, 1960:19, figs. 11–20.

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi.—Hobbs, 1969b:99, figs. 5, 17k.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 104407, 104408, 104799 (artl, art, artll); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cave Spring Cave, 12.1 miles northwest of Valhermosa, Morgan County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River basin between Florence and environs of Guntersville, Alabama.

HABITAT.—-Subterranean waters.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson

Cambarus Erichson, 1846:88. [Type-species by subsequent designation (Faxon, 1898:644), Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii (Fabricius)

FIGURE 23

Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407.

Astacus ciliaris Rafinesque, 1817:42. [Types not extant. Type-locality, brooks near Fishkill, Dutchess County, and Newburgh, Orange County, New York.]

Astacus pusillus Rafinesque, 1817:42. [Types not extant. Type-locality, brooks in New York, near “Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain, Utica, Oswego, &c.”]

Astacus bartonii—De Kay, 1844:22.

Astacus Bartoni—Tellkampf, 1845:85.

Astacus (Cambarus) Bartonii—Erichson, 1846:97.

Cambarus Bartonii—Girard, 1852:88.

Cambarus montanus Girard, 1852:88. [Types destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871; paratype (?) ANSP 322 (artII), from James River, Virginia. Type-locality, restricted by Ortmann, 1931:114, “Tributary of James River, Rockbridge County, Virginia.”]

Cambarus Bartoni.—Hagen, 1870:30.

Cambarus bartonii.—Packard, 1880:222.

Cambarus Bartonii Bartonii.—Faxon, 1885a:61 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni.—Shufeldt, 1898:227.

Cambarus bartonii bartonii.—Hay, 1899b:959 [by implication].

Comparus bartonii—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus bartoni bartoni.—Hay, 1902b:435.—Crocker, 1957: 42, pl. 1: figs. 2, 3, 6; pl. 2: figs. 5–7.

Cambarus (Bartontus) bartoni—Ortmann, 1905c: 117, 120 [in part].

Cambarus bartoni typicus—Ortmann, 1906b:450.

Astacus bartoni.—Ortmann, 1906b:348.

Cambarus bartonius bartoni.—Chidester, 1908:710.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Cambarus bartonii monlanus.—Faxon, 1914:385.

Cambarus monlanus monlanus.—Ortmann, 1931:106

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni bartoni—Ortmann, 1931:130.

Cambarus bartoni monlanus.—Ortmann, 1931:114.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii.—Fleming, 1938: 303.—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, figs. 5, 13, 14, 19l.

Cambarus bartonius.—Roberts, 1944:370 [erroneous spelling].

Canbarus bartoni.—Thompson, 1967:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus bartonni—Coleman, 1972:21 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaras bartoni—Bouchard, 1973:106 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Type, UZM (art II).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—North America; “probably neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pa.” (Faxon, 1914:423).

RANGE.—New Brunswick, Canada, to northern Georgia, Ohio, and Tennessee to the Atlantic Ocean; restricted to the mountains and foothills in South Carolina and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Mostly lotie habitats, but occasionally frequenting ponds and often burrowing along streams and seepage areas.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris Hay

FIGURE 24

Cambarus bartonii carinirostris Hay, 1914:384.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni carinirostris—Ortmann, 1931: 107.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris.—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, fig. 19m.

TYPES.—“Type” and paratypes, USNM 23962 (art I, 7 art II, 15 art); paratypes, MCZ 7399 (artl, artU, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Gandy Creek at Osceola, Randolph County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Cheat, Greenbrier, and Tygart rivers in West Virginia. Exact range not known.

HABITAT.—Streams of small to moderate size.

REMARKS.—Both Ortmann (1931) and Hobbs (1972b) have remarked on the advisability of recognizing this species, and the latter indicated that “it is questionable that this subspecies should be recognized.”

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii cavatus Hay

FIGURE 25

Cambarus bartoni cavatus Hay, 1902b:435.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:120 [in part].

Cambarus {Cambarus) bartonii cavatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, figs. 5, 19n.

Cambarus bartonii cavatus.—Faxon, 1914:425.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni cavatus.—Ortmann, 1931:104.

Cambarus (Cambarus) species L.—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, fig. 5.

Cambarus species K.—Hobbs, 1969b: 145 [not p. 109 and fig. 5].

TYPES—Syntypes, USNM 25017 (art II, art, 2 art juv.).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Powell River, Tazewell, Claiborne County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tennessee River in eastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia, and southwestern Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 26

Cambarus (Cambarus) species K Hobbs, 1969b: 109, fig. 5.

Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi Hobbs and Hall, 1969:281, figs. 1–12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129866, 129867, 129868 (artl, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Sope Creek, tributary to the Chattahoochee River at Paper Mill Road, 1.5 miles above mouth, Cobb County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Chattahoochee drainage system from Hall to Douglas counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Riffle areas of streams.

Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni Williamson

FIGURE 28

Bartonius ortmanni Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as a subgeneric name].

Cambarus (Bartonius) ortmanni Williamson, 1907:754, pl. 35: figs. 1–3.

Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, figs. 5, 19o.

Cambarus ortmanni.—Creaser, 1932:336.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.826 (art I, art), MCZ 7587 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Six-Mile Creek and Craven Ditch, tributary to Wabash River, above Bluffton, Wells County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Indiana and Ohio, and adjacent northern Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Cambaras) sciotensis Rhoades

FIGURE 27

Cambarus bartoni sciotensis Rhoades, 1944b:96.

Cambarus sciotensis.—Holt, 1954:170.—Hobbs, Holt, and Walton, 1967:27, fig. 5.

Cambarus bartonii sciotensis.—Hobbs, 1955b:330.

Cambarus (Cambarus) sciotensis—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, figs. 5, 19p.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81533 (artl, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, RR, OSM.

TYPE-LOCALITY. —Limestone Cliffs below O'Shaughnessy Dam, Scioto River, Sec. 3, Liberty Township, Delaware County, Ohio.

RANGE.—Scioto River drainage, Ohio, and Kanawha drainage in southwestern Virginia and West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Riffle areas in small to large streams.

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs

Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969b: 102. [Type-species by original designation, Astacus latimanus LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Depressicambarus:) catagius Hobbs and Perkins

FIGURE 36

Cambarus catagius Hobbs and Perkins, 1967:141, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) catagius.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 8, 18c.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117779, 117780, 117781 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lawn at East Whittington Street in southeastern section of Greensboro, Guilford County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis Hobbs

FIGURE 37

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis Hobbs, 1970b:251, figs. 3, 4.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129860, 129861, 129862 (art1, art, artll); para types, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Western city limits of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia, in lawn and rose garden of Mr. Charles S. Dunn, off Chestnut Street.

RANGE.—Known from only three localities in the immediate vicinity of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 30

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi Hobbs and Hall, 1972: 151, fig. 1a–n.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131700, 131701, 132519 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tallapoosa River, in riffle area 1 mile north of Tallapoosa, Haralson County, Georgia, a few hundred yards east of bridge on State Route 100.

RANGE.—Known only from the Tallapoosa River in Haralson County, Georgia, and Clay County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Stream.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) floridanus Hobbs

FIGURE 34

Cambarus (Cambarus) floridanus Hobbs, 1941b: 114, figs. 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 16, 19, 22, 25, 31, 32.

Cambarus floridanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:356; 1942b:161, pl. 11: figs. 191–195.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) floridanus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 8, 18d.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 79341 (artl, art), and “morphotype,” USNM 79344 (art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—12 miles west of Tallahassee on State Route 19, Leon County, Florida.

RANGE.—Gadsden, Jackson, and Leon counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambaras (Depressicambarus) halli Hobbs

FIGURE 29

Cambarus halli Hobbs, 1968a:269, figs. 12–22.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) halli.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18e.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129288, 129289, 129290 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary of the Tallapoosa River, 1.3 miles south of the river on U.S. Highway 27, Haralson County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tallapoosa drainage system in Alabama and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) jordani Faxon

FIGURE 32

Cambarus Jordani Faxon, 1884:119; 1885a:83, pl. 3: fig. 3.

Cambarus jordani.—Hay, 1899b:959.

Cambarus (Bartonius) jordani.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) jordani.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) jordani.—Hobbs, 1969b:104 [by implication]; 1972b:114, figs. 97d, 99d.

TYPES.—“Holotype,” MCZ 3561 (artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Etowah River, near Rome, Floyd County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Coosa River system in Alabama and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus (LeConte)

FIGURE 33

Astacus latimanus LeConte, 1856:402.

Cambarus latimanus.—Hagen, 1870:83, pl. 1: figs. 43–46; pl. 3: fig. 162.—Faxon, 1885a:69, pl. 2: 014;Hobbs, 1942b: 158, figs. 186–190.

Cambarus obesus var. latimanus.—Packard, 1880:222.

Cambarus (Bartonius) latimanus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) latimanus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 1f, 8, 13g, 14g, 18f.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3378 (artI dry), MCZ, ANSP 329 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Athens, Clarke County, Georgia.

RANGE.—North Carolina to Alabama, chiefly in the piedmont but extending into western Florida along the Apalachicola River.

HABITAT.—Small streams and burrows (secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus Hall

FIGURE 31

Cambarus obstipus Hall, 1959:221, figs. 1–9.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 8, 18g.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 102123, 102124 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Black Warrior River at Underwood's Ferry, 8 miles downstream from Cordova, Walker County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known only from the Black Warrior River system in Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus Hobbs

FIGURE 39

Cambarus reduncus Hobbs, 1956b:61, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 8, 18h.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99183, 99184, 99185 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Flood plain pools of Little River, 10.3 miles west of Winnsboro, Fairfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Piedmont province from Orange County, North Carolina, to Richland County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams, ponds, and burrows (primary or secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) sphenoides Hobbs

FIGURE 35

Cambarus sphenoides Hobbs, 1968a:262, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) sphenoides.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104. figs. 8, 18i.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129325, 129326, 129327 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary to Clear Creek (Emory River drainage), 11.2 miles north of Crossville, Cumberland County, Tennessee, on U.S. Highway 127.

RANGE.—Stream tributaries of the Cumberland, Emory, Sequatchie, and Tennessee river systems on the Cumberland Plateau in Kentucky and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus Hay

FIGURE 38

Camburus sp. (Ashland City, Tennessee) Faxon, 1885c:358 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Cambarus latimanus striatus Hay, 1902b:437.

Cambarus graysoni Faxon, 1914:393. [Types, MCZ 3593 (artII, 3art). Type-locality, Bear Creek, a tributary of Green River, Grayson Springs, Grayson County, Kentucky.]

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni striatus.—Ortmann, 1931:140.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii striatus.—Fleming, 1938:303.

Cambarus latimanus.—Fleming, 1939:311 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus latimus.—Fleming, 1939:319 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus bartonii striatus.—Hobbs, 1942a: 354 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni striatus.—Rhoades, 1944a: 114.

Cambarus striatus.—Hobbs, 1956b:61.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 104, figs. 8, 18j.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 25019 (artI, 3 art II, 4 art), MCZ 7348 (artI, artII, 3 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Southern Kentucky and central Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Small streams, springs, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs

Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus Hay, 1902a:232. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) cahni Rhoades

FIGURE 44

Cambarus (Cambarus) cahni Rhoades, 1941b:146, ig. 36a–D.

Cambarus cahni.—Hobbs, 1942a:354.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960: 25, figs. 31—37.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) cahni.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, figs. 6, 17c.

TYPES—Holotype and allotype, USNM 80031, 80032 (artI, art); paratypes, MCZ, Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., ANSP, Leslie Hubricht, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Belgreen Cave, NW ¼ SW ¼ sec. 12, T. 7 S., R. 13 W., Franklin County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

REMARKS.—It is probable that this species is either identical to C. (E.) tenebrosus Hay or should be accorded subspecific rank.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi Creaser

FIGURE 40

Cambarus (Bartonius) hubbsi Creaser, 1931a:4, figs. 7–12.

Cambarus hubbsi.—Hobbs, 1942a:356.—Williams, 1954:904, figs. 233, 235–245.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, fig. 17D.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98332, 98333 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Little Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, 1 mile northeast of Chloride, Iron County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Southeastern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti Hobbs

FIGURE 42

Cambarus hubrichti Hobbs, 1952c:689, figs. 1–8.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:23, figs. 21–30.

Cambarus hubricht.—Hobbs, 1952c:693 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Hubrichti.—Cooper and Poulson, 1968:130, fig. 8.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, fig. 17e.

TYPES—Holotype and allotype, USNM 92295, 92296 (artII, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stream in Lewis Cave, 15 miles northwest of Doniphan, Ripley County, Missouri.

RANGE.—White River basin in Carter, Ripley, and Oregon counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis Faxon

FIGURE 46

Cambarus bartonii laevis Faxon, 1914:391.

Cambarus (Cambaras) bartoni laevis.—Ortmann, 1931:143.

Cambarus bartont laevis.—Fleming, 1939:311.

Cambarus (Erebicambaras) laevis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, figs. 6, 17f.

Cambarus laevis.—Hobbs III, 1971:140.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3812 (artII, art). The male should be considered the holotype and the female a paratype (see Faxon, 1914:392).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Bloomington, Monroe County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Illinois and Indiana, southwestern Ohio, and northern Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams, springs, and caves.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) ornatus Rhoades

FIGURE 45

Cambarus bartoni ornatus Rhoades, 1944a: 144, fig. 10A–F.

Cambarus bartonii ornatus.—Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:145.

Cambarus ornatus.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:15.

Cambarus (Erebicambaras) ornatus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, figs. 6, 17g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81330, 81331, 81332 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, RR.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ellis Branch, 4 miles west of Carrollton, Carroll County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Ohio Basin from the lower Kentucky River system to the Salt River, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Intermittent streams.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) rusticiformis Rhoades

FIGURE 41

Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades, 1944a: 133, fig. 8A–F.

Cambarus (Erebicambaras) rusticiformis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, figs. 2a, 6, 13h, 17h.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81324, 81325, 81326 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, RR.

TYPELOCALITY.—Little River, 0.5 mile west of Cadiz, Trigg County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Cumberland drainage system in Kentucky and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Swift streams.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus Hay

FIGURE 43

Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus Hay, 1902a:232.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120 [in part].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni tenebrosus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus bartonii tenebrosus.—Faxon, 1914:424.

Cambarus tenebrosus.—Garman, 1920:42.—Hobbs, 1959:898.

Cambarus Bartoni tenebrosus.—Chappuis, 1927:92.

Cambarus (Bartonius) Bartoni tenebrosus.—Fage, 1931:373.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni tenebrosus.—Ortmann, 1931: 145.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni tenebrosus.—Hart, 1962:121.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 100, figs. 6, 14h, 17i.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 22346 (artII, 2art).

TYPELOCALITY.—Echo River, Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Mammoth Cave southward to northern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams and subterranean waters (troglophilic).

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs

Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969b: 105. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852:90. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus James

FIGURE 50

Cambarus longulus chasmodactylus James, 1966:14, fig. 1, pl. lb,d,e,q,u–z,zz.

Cambarus chasmodactylus.—Hobbs, 1968b:K–17.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 106, figs. 10, 18k.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115513, 115514, 115516 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, TU, IBM, USNM, Hugo L. James.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—East Fork of the Greenbrier River, 9.7 miles west of Virginia State line on U.S. Highway 250, Pocahontas County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—New River drainage system in northwestern North Carolina, Virginia, and eastern West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus Faxon

FIGURE 47

Cambarus Girardianus Faxon, 1884:117; 1885a:78, pl. 4: fig. 1; pl. 9: figs. 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus girardianus.—Faxon, 1898:650.

Cambarus extraneus girardianus.—Faxon, 1898:650.

Cambarus (Bartonius) extraneus girardianus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus girardianus.—Fowler, 1912: 341 [by implication].

Cambarus extraneus Girardianus.—Fleming, 1938:299.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 106, figs. 10, 18l.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3560 (art II, art), USNM 4882 (artII, 2 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANCE.—Tennessee River drainage system in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris Faxon

FIGURE 48

Cambarus Bartonii var. longirostris Faxon, 1885a:64.

Cambarus bartonii longirostris.—Faxon, 1890:623.

Cambarus bartonii spinirostris.—Faxon, 1890:623 [lapsus for C. b. longirostris].

Cambarus longulus longirostris.—Hay, 1899b: 959.—James, 1966:9, fig. 2a,b, pl. 1c,f,g,n,o,r,s.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni longirostris.—Ortmann, 1905c: 135 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii longirostris.—Fowler, 1912: 341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longirostris.—Ortmann, 1931: 121.

Cambarus longerosilis.—Brimley, 1938:503 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris.—Hobbs, 1969b: 106, figs. 10, 18m.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3629 (art II).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Eastern Tennessee and West Virginia” (Faxon, 1885a). Doe River, Elizabethton, Carter County, Tennessee, designated by Ortmann, 1931.

RANGE.—Tennessee River drainage in eastern Tennessee, southwestern Virginia, and western North Carolina, in the Coosa drainage in northeastern Alabama and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus Girard

FIGURE 49

Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852:90.

Cambarus Bartonii longulus.—Faxon, 1885a:66 [by implication].

Cambarus longulus longulus.—Hay, 1899b:959 [by implication].—James, 1966:4, fig. 2c, pl. 1a,h–m,p,t,mm.

Cambarus (Bartonius) longulus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longulus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Ortmann, 1931:106.

Cambarus bartonii longulus.—Faxon, 1914:387.

Cambarus bartoni longulus.—Ortmann, 1931:118.

[Cambarus longulus] longulous.—James, 1966:22 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaroides longulus.—Unestam, 1969:204 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 106, figs. 1a, 10, 13c, 14c, 18n.

TYPES.—Destroyed in the Chicago fire, 1871.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Middle States” (Girard, 1852). South River, Waynesboro, Augusta County, Virginia, designated by Ortmann, 1931. Emended by Hobbs (1967a: 129) to Rockfish River, south of Afton, Nelson County, Virginia.

RANGE.—Atlantic watershed from the James drainage in Virginia south to the Yadkin drainage in North Carolina, in mountains and piedmont.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs

Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969b: 106. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus bartonii asperimanus Faxon, 1914: 391. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus Faxon

FIGURE 57

Cambarus bartonii asperimanus Faxon, 1914:391.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni asperimanus.—Ortmann, 1931: 137.

Cambarus asperimanus.—Brimley, 1938:503.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 1d, 9, 13d, 14d, 18o.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 47375 (2 art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Flat Creek, Montreat, Buncombe County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the French Broad, Little Tennessee, Catawba, Broad, Savannah, and Saluda rivers in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Small mountain streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi Hobbs

FIGURE 51

Cambarus (Veticambarus) bouchardi Hobbs, 1970b:245, figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi.—Bouchard, 1973:105.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130295, 130296, 130297 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, Raymond W. Bouchard.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Perkins Creek, 6.9 miles north of Oneida, Scott County, Tennessee, on U.S. Highway 27.

RANGE.—Known from only three localities in the Big South Fork of the Cumberland River in Scott County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus Hobbs

FIGURE 58

Cambarus brachydactylus Hobbs, 1953c:20, pl. 1: figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 18p.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 93155 (artI. art); morphotype, USNM 93156 (art II): paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Louise Creek, 13.9 miles south of Clarksville, Montgomery County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Cumberland River on the western Highland Rim in Montgomery and Dickson counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Riffle areas of streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus (Erichson)

FIGURE 62

Astacus Carolinus Erichson, 1846:87.

Astacus (Cambarus) Carolinus Erichson, 1846:96.

Astacus (Cambarus) carolinus.—Dana, 1852:522 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus.—Girard, 1852:88.

Cambarus Carolinus.—Hagen, 1870:8.

Cambarus (Bartonius) carolinus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus carolinensis.—Adams, 1907:899 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) carolinus—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus carolinus.—Faxon, 1914:399.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107 [in part], figs. 9, 19a.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:51, figs. 3, 4.

TYPES.—Not extant. Topotypes, USNM 144164 (2 art I, art, art with young), R. W. Bouchard.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Greenville, Greenville County, South Carolina. Restricted by Hobbs and Bouchard (1973:55) to “Along Wildcat Creek, 8.8 miles north of the junction of U.S. Highway 29 and State Route 101, on latter….”

RANCE.—Known with certainty only in the upper Enoree and Saluda drainage basins in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi Reimer

FIGURE 65

Cambarus causeyi Reimer, 1966:9, figs. 1–8.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, fig. 19b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 116678, 116679 (artI, art); paratype, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Spring and natural pond, 4 miles west of Sandgap, Pope County, Arkansas, on State Route 124.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Complex burrows on hillside and near spring and pond.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis Hobbs and Hobbs

FIGURE 56

Cambarus conasaugaensis Hobbs and Hobbs, 1962:41, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107. figs. 9, 19c.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 107156, 107157, 107158 (artI. art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small tributary of the Conasauga River 2 miles east of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia, on U.S. Highway 76.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Coosawattee and Conasauga rivers in Gilmer and Murray counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes Hobbs

FIGURE 64

Cambarus cryptodytes Hobbs, 1941b:110, figs. 2, 3, 7, 11, 13, 15, 18, 21, 24, 28, 29; 1942b:162, pl. 11: figs. 196–200.— Hobbs and Barr, 1960:31, figs. 48–57.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19d.

cambarus cryptodytes.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79339, 79340, 79343 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—R. W. Williams farm, 2 miles south of Graceville, Jackson County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from several caves in Jackson County, Florida, and Climax Cave, 3 miles north of Climax, Decatur County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) distans Rhoades

FIGURE 53

Cambarus distans Rhoades, 1944a: 136, fig. 9a–f.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) distans.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19e.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81327, 81329, 81328 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, CM, USNM, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Cumberland River and small tributary, just above Cumberland Falls, McCreary County, Kentucky” (Rhoades, 1944a: 139).

RANGE.—Cumberland drainage in southeastern Kentucky and tributaries on Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius Faxon

FIGURE 60

Cambarus dubius Faxon, 1884:114; 1885a: 70, pl. 4: fig. 3; pl. 8: figs. 7, 7′.

Cambarus Carolinas dubius.—Faxon, 1914:396, 425.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:62.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3631 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Terra Alta (Cranberry Summit), Preston County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Poorly known, but extending southward through the Allegheny Mountains from southwestern Pennsylvania into Virginia. The same, or a closely allied, species also occurs in southeastern Kentucky, eastern Tennessee, and northwestern North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi Hobbs

FIGURE 59

Cambarus friaufi Hobbs, 1953c:24, figs. 11–18.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19f.

TYPES.—Holotype, and allotype, USNM 93157 (art I, art); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small stream tributary of Cumberland River at Elmwood, Smith County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Eastern Highland Rim in Smith and De Kalb counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Swift reaches of small streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi Hobbs

FIGURE 63

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi Hobbs, 1970a: 163, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130283, 130284, 130285 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Boggy area below seepage along small tributary to Turnbull Creek (Harpeth-Cumberland drainage system), 1 mile west of Kingston Springs, Cheatham County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Portions of the Cumberland (Stones River, Harpeth River, and Yellow Creek) and Duck rivers in middle Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis Ortmann

FIGURE 61

Cambarus monongalensis Ortmann, 1905a:395.

Cambarus (Bartonius) monongalensis.—Ortmann, 1905c:120; 1906b:398, pl. A: fig. 4; pl. 39: figs. 4, 10; pl. 40: fig. 5; pl. 41: figs. 2–4.

Cambarus (Cambarus) monongalensis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus monongalensis.—Faxon, 1914:596, 399, 425.

Cambarus carolinus monongalenses.—Hand, 1954:437 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 109, figs. 9, 19g.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.316, USNM 30613 (artI, 2 art), MCZ 6953 (artI, art), ZIAS 1/44968 (4 specimens), ANSP 1601 (artI, 3 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Edgewood Park, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

RANGE.—Western Pennsylvania and adjacent northern West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) obeyensis Hobbs and Shoup

FIGURE 52

Cambarus obeyensis Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:138, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) obeyensis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19h.—Bouchard, 1973:105.

Cambarus (Veticambarus) obeyensis.—Hobbs, 1970b:243.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82260 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Big Hurricane Creek on the Monterey-Clarkrange road, Putnam-Cumberland county line, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Headwaters of East Fork of Obey River in Cumberland, Fentress, Putnam, and Overton counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) parvoculus Hobbs and Shoup

FIGURE 55

Cambarus parvoculus Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:142, figs. 12–22.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) parvoculus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19i.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82259 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary to Big Hurricane Creek, Fentress County (southwestern part), Tennessee.

RANGE.—Cumberland River drainage in Overton, Fentress, and Putnam counties, Tennessee, and Bell County, Kentucky, and Tennessee River drainage in Lee County, Virginia.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus Faxon

FIGURE 66

Cambarus setosus Faxon, 1889:237, pl. 1: figs. 1–3, 7; pl. 2: fig. 1.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:26, figs. 38–47.

Cambarus ayersii Steele, 1902:18, pl. 5: fig. A; pl. 6: fig. 14. [Types, USNM 62316 (artII). Type-locality, Fisher's Cave (Sequiota Cave in Galloway, T. 28 N.. R. 21 W., sec. 9), near Springfield, Green County, Missouri.]

Cambarus (Bartonius) setosus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) setosus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, fig. 19j.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 4200 (4 art II, art), MCZ 4201 (3 art I, artII, 4art, 4 art juv., 2 artjuv.), MCZ 4202 (2 artII, 3art, 3 art juv., 4 art juv.), USNM 25828 (artII, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Wilson's Cave [Whisner Cave, 2 miles northwest of Sarcoxie, T. 27 N.. R. 29 W., sec. 6], near Springfield, Jasper County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Southwestern Missouri and northeastern Oklahoma (?).

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus Hobbs and Cooper

FIGURE 68

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus Hobbs and Cooper, 1972: 51, figs. 1–12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131951, 131411, 132754 (artI, art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stansberry-January Cave System, 4 miles north of Colcord (T. 21 N., R. 22 E., sec. 11), Delaware County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) unestami Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 54

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) unestami Hobbs and Hall. 1969:287, figs. 13–24.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) unestami.—Bouchard, 1973:105.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129863, 129864, 129865 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Daniel Creek, 2.5 miles west of the Walker County line on State Route 143, Dade County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tennessee River in Dade County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Swift portions of small streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes Hobbs and Bedinger

FIGURE 67

Cambarus zophonastes Hobbs and Bedinger, 1964:11, figs. 1, 2, 4–11.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, fig. 19k.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 108356, 108357 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Hell Creek Cave, Stone County, Arkansas (NE¼NE¼, sec. 30, T. 15 N.. R. 10 W.).

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs

Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969b: 110. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus diogenes Girard, 1852:88. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes diogenes Girard

FIGURE 69

Astacus fossor Rafinesque, 1817:42. [Name suppressed by International Commission, Opinion 522, 1958.]

Cambarus diogenes Girard, 1852:88.

Cambarus nebrascensis Girard, 1852:91. [Location of types (if extant) unknown. Type-locality, Fort Pierre, Nebraska (now in Stanley County, South Dakota).]

Cambarus Diogenes.—Hagen, 1870:6.

Cambarus obesus Hagen, 1870:81, pl. 1: figs. 39–42; pl. 3: fig. 163; pl. 9. [Syntypes: MCZ 195 (2artI. art). 165 (art), 3361 (artl). 229 (artl), 5363 (art); MHNP (2 dry); St. Petersburg Mus., U.S.S.R. (art), lost. Type-locality, Lawn Ridge, Illinois.]

Cambarus Diogenenes.—Abbott, 1873:83 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Diogenes Diogenes.—Faxon, 1884:144 [by implication].

Cambarus diogenes diogenes.—Hay, 1899b:959 [by implication].—Marlow, 1960:229.

S[ambarus] diogenes.—Steele, 1902:11 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Bartonius) diogenes.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120; 1906b: 402, pl. a: fig. 3; pl. 39: fig. 11; pl. 40: figs. 6, 7.

Bartonius diogenes.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as a subgeneric name].

Cambarus (Cambarus) diogenes.—Fowler, 1912:341, 348.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes diogenes.—Hobbs, 1969b: 110, figs. 2c, 11, 13i, 14i, 20a.

TYPES.—Not known to be extant except for a questionable paratype (art), ANSP.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Vicinity of Washington, D. C.

RANGE.—Very widespread east of the Rockies and south of the Great Lakes, except peninsular Florida and the Alleghenies; not reported northeast of New Jersey in the East and east of western Pennsylvania in the Mississippi drainage system.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower); occasionally found in ponds or streams.

REMARKS.—This is a species complex and needs considerable attention.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes ludovicianus Faxon

FIGURE 70

Cambarus Diogenes var. Ludoviciana Faxon, 1885:144.

Cambarus diogenes ludovicianus.—Hay, 1899b:959.—Marlow, 1960:229.

Cambarus diogenes, ludoviciana.—Steele, 1902:21.

Cambarus diogenes ludoviciana.—Penn, 1941:8.

Cambarus ludovicianus.—Roberts, 1944:363.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes ludovicianus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 110, fig. 20b.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 5504 (artI, artII, 4art), 5625 (artII, art), MCZ 3617 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Lower Mississippi drainage in Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Primary burrower.

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs

Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:101. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870:73. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus Faxon

FIGURE 74

Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884:113; 1885a:67, pl. 3: fig. 5; pl. 8: figs. 6a, 6a′.—Hobbs and Walton, 1966:136.

Cambarus (Barionius) acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) acuminatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus bartonii acuminatus.—Faxon, 1914:424.

Cambarus montanus acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:106.

Cambarus bartoni acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:108.

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:108.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs. 7, 14a, 71l.

TYPES.—Syntype, MCZ 3624 (art). “Cotypes” formerly said to have been at Butler University (Faxon, 1914:424) are no longer there.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Saluda River, at Farr';s Mills, west of Greenville, Greenville County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Atlantic watershed from Maryland to Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaugaensis Prins and Hobbs

FIGURE 75

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp. E Hobbs, 1969b: 102, 134, 135.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaugaensis Prins and Hobbs, 1972:413, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131926, 131927, 131928 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Chauga River at Cassidy Bridge (off County Road 290), Oconee County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Savannah River in Oconee County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus Hagen

FIGURE 71

Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870:73, pl. 1: figs. 88, 89; pl. 3: fig. 156.

Cambarus extranus.—Steele, 1902:7 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Bartonius) extraneus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus extranius.—Unestam, 1969:203 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs, lb, 7, 13b. 14b, 17m.

TYPES.—MCZ 175 (3 art II, art), USNM (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Tennessee River, Georgia” (Hagen). The emendation by Ortmann (1931) to Etowah River, Rome, Floyd County, Georgia, must be rejected because this crayfish does not occur in the Coosa (Etowah) basin.

RANGE.—Known only from the Chickamauga Creek basin in northwestern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius Hobbs

FIGURE 73

Cambarus nerterius Hobbs, 1964:189, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius.—Hobbs, 1969b: 101, figs. 7, 17n.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 111295, 111296, 111297 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Matt's Black Cave, 2 miles south of Renick, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Greenbrier River drainage system, West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus Prins

FIGURE 76

Cambarus reburrus Prins, 1968:458, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus.—Prins and Hobbs, 1972:412.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129501, 129502, 129503 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, Rudolph Prins.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small tributary to Horsepasture River from Sapphire Lake off U.S. Highway 64, 5.5 miles east of Cashiers, Jackson County, North Carolina (Savannah Drainage).

RANGE.—Type-locality and tributaries of the French Broad River in Buncombe, Madison, and Transylvania counties, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus Girard

FIGURE 77

Cambarus robustus Girard, 1852:90.—Hagen, 1870:80, pl. 3: fig. 167.—Crocker and Barr, 1968:118, figs. 30, 39, 48, 55, 65, 67, 81.

Cambarus Bartonii robustus.—Faxon, 1885a:9.

Cambaras Bartonii var. robusta.—Faxon, 1885a:61.

Cambarus bartonii robustus.—Faxon, 1890:622.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni robustus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 122 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni robustus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 135.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii robustus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni robustus.—Ortmann, 1931:126.

Cambarus (Bartonius) robustus.—Creaser, 1931b:260.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 101, figs, lc, 13a, 17o.

TYPES.—Syntype, ANSP 328 (art II); others probably destroyed in the Chicago fire, 1871.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Humber River, near Toronto, Canada.

RANGE.—Ontario and New York, to Illinois, and southward to Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus Hobbs

FIGURE 72

Cambarus spicatus Hobbs, 1956c:116, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 102, figs. 7, 18a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99323, 99324, 99325 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Little River, 10.3 miles west of Winnsboro, Fairfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Little River in Fairfield and Richland counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus Faxon

FIGURE 78

Cambarus bartonii veteranus Faxon, 1914:389, pl. 13: fig. 2.

Cambarus bartoni veteranus.—Ortmann, 1931:112.

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus veteranus.—Ortmann, 1931: 112 [in part].

Cambarus veteranus.—Hobbs, 1955b:330.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 102, figs. 7, 18b.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 44712 (artI); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Indian Creek, Baileysville, Wyoming County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Guyandot drainage in southern West Virginia. Limits of range very indefinite and poorly known.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs

Veticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:96. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965:268. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus Hobbs

FIGURE 79

Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965:268, figs. 1–12.

Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus.—Hobbs, 1969b:98, figs. le, 5, 13l, 14k, 17a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 115528, 115529, 115530 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—White Oak Creek, a tributary to the Caney Fork of the Cumberland River, 3.9 miles east of the White-Cumberland county line and 0.1 mile south of U.S. Highway 70S, Cumberland County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Three localities in the Caney Fork drainage in Cumberland County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Lotie habitats, under stones.

Genus Fallicambarus Hobbs

Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:111. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus slrawni Reimer, 1966:11. Gender: masculine.]

Fallicambarus byersi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 87

Cambarus byersi Hobbs, 1941:118, figs. 6, 10, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26. 27, 30; 1942b: 167, pl. 12: figs. 206–210.

Procambarus byersi.—Hobbs, 1942b: 14 [erroneous combination].

Fallicambarus byersi.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20c; 1972b:101, figs. 8le, 83e.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 79342 (art I, art), and “morphotype,” USNM 87969 (artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Phifer Creek, 5.5 miles northwest of Pensacola, near U.S. Highway 90, Escambia County, Florida.

RANGE.—Okaloosa County, Florida, west to Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Primary burrower.

Fallicambarus dissitus (Penn)

FIGURE 88

Cambarus dissitus Penn, 1955:73, figs. 1—13.

Fallicambarus dissitus.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20d; 1972b:99, figs. 81c, 82d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 98125, 98126, 98127 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, ANSP, AMNH, CM, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Three miles east of Choudrant, Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Caldwell and Lincoln parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus fodiens (Cottle)

FIGURE 82

Astacus fodiens Cottle, 1863:217.

Cambarus argillicola Faxon, 1884:115. [Types, MCZ 3459 (art I 4 art. 3 juv.). Type-locality, Detroit, Michigan.]

Cambarus (Bartonius) argillicola.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Bartonius argillicola.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as subgeneric name].

Cambarus fodiens.—Huntsman, 1915:158, figs. 8f, 9d, 10e, 11a, 12e.—Crocker and Barr, 1968:129–135, figs. 28, 37, 46, 57, 62, 85.

Cambarus (Bartonius) fodiens.—Creaser, 1931b:260, fig. 37.

Fallicambarus fodiens.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20e; 1972b:102, figs. 83c, 84b, 85b.

TYPES.—If extant, location unknown.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Upper Canada.” Probably Ontario.

RANGE.—Lower Ontario, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois southward to Arkansas and southwestern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotie habitats and burrows (primary or secondary burrower).

Fallicambarus hedgpethi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 83

Cambarus hedgpethi Hobbs, 1948d:224, fig. 17a–f,h–j,l.—Penn, 1959:14, figs. 9, 27, 46, 64, 86.—Reimer, 1969:53, figs. 2, 39.

Fallicambarus hedgpethi.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20f; 1972b: 102, figs. 82c, 83d.

TYPES.—Holotype, morphotype, USNM 85146 (artI art II), and allotype, USNM 85147 (art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lower middle part of the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Aransas County, Texas.

RANGE.—Texas and Oklahoma eastward to Louisiana and western Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water and burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus hortoni Hobbs and Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 85

Fallicambarus hortoni Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1970:829, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b: 100, fig. 81d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129895, 129897, 129896 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Low area along roadside ditch leading to tributary of Cypress Creek, 7.5 miles east of the Hardeman County line on State Route 57 (Hatchie River drainage), McNairy County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus macneesei (Black)

FIGURE 80

Cambarus macneesei Black, 1967:173, figs. 1–12.

Fallicambarus macneesei.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20g; 1972b: 99, figs. 4c, 81a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117681, 117683, 117682 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, TU, MCZ, Joe B. Black, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditches along East McNeese Road, 1.8 miles west of intersection with State Route 14, Lake Charles, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Calcasieu River system in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Pools, roadside ditches, and burrows (?secondary burrower).

Fallicambarus oryktes (Penn and Marlow)

FIGURE 86

Cambarus oryktes Penn and Marlow, 1959:197, figs. 1–14.

Fallicambarus oryktes.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20h; 1972b:101, figs. 81f, 83a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101735, 101736, 101737 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at Alton, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and southern Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus strawni (Reimer)

FIGURE 81

Cambarus strawni Reimer, 1966:11, figs. 9–18.

Fallicambarus strawni.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, figs. 2f, 13j, 20i; 1972b:99, figs. 4a, 81b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 116675, 116676, 116677 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, R. D. Reimer.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small marshy area in the Saline River drainage, 2.7 miles north of Dierks, Howard County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Sevier, Howard, and Pike counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows, both simple and complex.

Fallicambarus uhleri (Faxon)

FIGURE 84

Cambarus Uhleri Faxon, 1884:116; 1885a:77, pl. 8: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus uhleri.—Hay, 1899b:959.—Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28, figs. 11, 16.

Cambarus (Bartonius) uhleri.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) uhleri.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Fallicambarus uhleri.—Hobbs, 1969b:111. fig. 20j; 1972b:102, figs. 82a, 83b, 84a. 85a.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3634 (artI); paratypes, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Swamp on Eastern Road near Felsbury, Somerset County, Maryland” (restricted by Faxon, 1914:426).

RANGE.—Atlantic coastal plain, from Maryland to South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lotie and lentic habitats and burrows (secondary burrower).

Genus Faxonella Creaser

Faxonella Creaser, 1933b:21. [Type-species by monotypy, Cambarus clypeatus Hay, 1899a: 122. Gender: feminine.]

Faxonella beyeri (Penn)

FIGURE 91

Orconectes (Faxonella) beyeri Penn, 1950a: 166, figs. 1–9.

Faxonella beyeri.—Creaser, 1962:3 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61.—Hobbs, 1972b:29, fig. 19b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90361, 90362, 90363 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch on U.S. Highway 84, 2 miles northeast of Naborton, De Soto Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known only from De Soto and Natchitoches parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Roadside ditches.

Faxonell clypeata (Hay)

FIGURE 89

Cambarus clypeatus Hay, 1899a: 122, fig. 2.

Faxonius (Faxonella) clypeatus.—Creaser, 1933b:19, pl. 1: figs. 7, 8; pl. 2: figs. 1, 2.

Orconectes clypeatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Faxonella) clypeata.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154, pl. 11: figs. 181–185.

Orconectes (Faxonella) clypeatus.—Hobbs, 1959:890.

Faxonella clypeata.—Creaser, 1962:3 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61.—Hobbs, 1972b:29, fig. 19c.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 17277 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Le Flore County, Oklahoma, and Marion County, Texas, east to Gadsden County, Florida, and Richland County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Faxonella creasen Walls

FIGURE 90

Faxonella creaseri Walls. 1968:413, figs. 1–9.—Hobbs. 1972b: 29, figs. 5w, 19a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129215, 129216, 129214 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, TU, MCZ, IBM, AMS, Joe B. Black, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., and Jerry G. Walls.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 3.0 miles north of Grayson on U.S. Highway 165, Caldwell Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known only from several localities in Caldwell Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Temporary pools in roadside ditches.

Genus Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne

Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus cristatus Hobbs, 1955a:95. Gender: masculine.]

Hobbseus attenuatus Black

FIGURE 95

Hobbseus attenuatus Black, 1969:193, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b: 75, fig. 58c.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129535, 129536, 129537 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, Joe B. Black, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Roadside ditch adjacent to Noxapater Creek, on gravel road two miles north of State Route 395, six miles west of Noxapater, Winston County, Mississippi (R. 11 E, T. 14 N).”

RANGE.—Pearl River drainage in Winston and Neshoba counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Hobbseus cristatus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 93

Cambarus cristatus Hobbs, 1955a:95, figs. 1–11.

Hobbseus cristatus.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:75, figs. 50, 58b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 96985, 96986, 96987 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 11.3 miles south of Macon on U.S. Highway 45, Noxubee County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Kemper, Lauderdale, Lowndes, and Noxubee counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotie habitats and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus orconectoides Fitzpatrick and Payne

FIGURE 92

Hobbseus orconectoides Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:17, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b:75, fig. 58a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129191, 129193, 129194 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, OSM, USNM, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Woodland pond near Rock Hill community, about 4.25 miles north of Starkville, Oktibbeha County, Mississippi (T. 19 N., R. 14 E., sec. 1).

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus prominens (Hobbs)

FIGURE 94

Cambarus prominens Hobbs, 1966a: 110, figs. 1–10.

Hobbseus prominens.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:76, figs. 58e, 59b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115603, 115604, 115605 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 3 miles west of Demopolis, on U.S. Highway 80, Sumter County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Mobile River drainage in Choctaw, Clarke, Dallas, Hale, Marengo, Perry, and Sumter counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotie habitats and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus valleculus (Fitzpatrick)

FIGURE 96

Cambarus valleculus Fitzpatrick. 1967b: 163–167, figs. 1–12.

Hobbseus valleculas.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:76, figs. 58d, 59a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117963, 117964, 117965 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, TU, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Small creek, 6.8 miles south of junction of State Routes 15 and 12 on State Route 15, Choctaw County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality, tributaries to Pearl River.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Orconectes Cope

Astacus.—Rafinesque, 1817:42.

Orconectes Cope, 1872:419. [Type-species by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:339), Orconectes inermis Cope, 1872: 419. Gender: masculine.]

Camtarus Packard, 1888:156 [erroneous spelling].

Camborus Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambrus Price, 1900:155 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis Harris, 1903:113 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:97. [Type-species by original designation, Astacus limosus Rafinesque, 1817:42. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, elevated to generic rank by Creaser, 1933a: 1.]

G[ambarus] Ortmann, 1905c: 112 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarrus Fleming, 1939:305 [erroneous spelling].

Orconecctes Williams, 1952:330 [erroneous spelling].

Gambarus Croizat, 1958:908 [erroneous spelling].

Orconnectes Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus Bacescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orchonectes Dimond et al., 1968:760 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectus Ray and Stevens, 1970:58 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes Avault, 1973:242 [erroneous spelling].

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1942a: 350) erroneously indicated that Orconectes inermis Cope was the type-species by monotypy. Cope (1872:419) stated that “The present genus embraces two species, O. inermis of the Wyandotte and the O. pellucidus of the Mammoth Cave.”

Orconectes acares Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 132

Orconectes leptogonopodus acares Fitzpatrick, 1965:87, figs. A–J.

Orconectes acares.—Hobbs, 1972b:94, fig. 74f.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115517, 115518, 115519 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stream tributary to Ouachita River, 6 miles northwest of Mount Ida, Montgomery County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ouachita River in Garland, Hot Springs, Montgomery, Perry, Pike, Polk, and Saline counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes alabamensis (Faxon)

FIGURE 166

Cambarus Alabamensis Faxon, 1884:125; 1885a:104, pl. 4: fig. 4; pl. 10: figs. 3, 3′, 3a, 3a′.

Cambarus alabamensis.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Faxonius) alabamensis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius alabamensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) alabamensis.—Creaser, 1933b: 16 [by implication].

Orconectes alabamensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) alabamensis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4876 (14 art I, 16 art, 4 artII), MCZ 3565 (2 artI, 2art, 2 art II).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Second Creek, Waterloo, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known only from tributaries of the Tennessee River along the Alabama-Tennessee-Mississippi border.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes australis australis (Rhoades)

FIGURE 97

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus australis Rhoades, 1941b: 142, fig. 35A–F.

Orconectes pellucidus australis.—Hobbs, 1942a:353; 1948a:20, figs. 6, 13.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus australis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes Pellucidus.—Cooper and Poulson, 1968:130, fig. 8.

Orconectes australis australis.ȄHobbs and Barr, 1972:3, 11, figs. 2, 3, 5o–v, 6, 7, 8i–cc.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79363, 79364, 79365 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, RR, ANSP, Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., L. Hubricht.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Shelta Cavern (SE¼NE¼ sec. 27, T. 3 S., R. 1 W.), north of Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Madison and Jackson counties, Alabama, north to middle Tennessee where it intergrades with O. australis packardi.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams and pools.

Orconectes australis packardi Rhoades

FIGURE 98

Orconectes pellucidus packardi Rhoades, 1944a:121, fig. 3a–f.—Hobbs, 1948a:20, figs. 8, 11.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus packardi.—Hobbs, 1959: 890 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus packardii.—Nicholas, 1960:133.

Orconectes australis packardi.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:4, 22, figs. 2, 4, 5a–n, 8a–h.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81310, 81312, 81311 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cumberland Crystal Cave (Sloans Valley Cave), Alpine, Pulaski County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Pulaski and McCreary counties, Kentucky, and south to Tennessee where it intergrades with O. australis australis.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

Orconectes barrenensis Rhoades

FIGURE 139

Orconectes rusticus barrenensis Rhoades, 1944a: 125, fig. 6A–F.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus barrenensis.—Hobbs, 1959: 893 [by implication].

Faxonius rusticus barrenensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus barrensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143 (erroneous spelling].

Orconectes barrenensis.—Hobbs, 1972b:97, figs. 74h, 76b.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81319, 81321,81320 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, CM, MCZ, USNM, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Barren River, Beech Bend, 2 miles north of Bowling Green, Warren County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Barren River drainage in Kentucky and Tennessee, and in the Green River system in Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Swift streams.

Orconectes bisectus Rhoades

FIGURE 125

Orconectes bisectus Rhoades, 1944a: 129, fig. 7a–d.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Prins and Fitzpatrick, 1965:141, figs. 1–12.

Orconectes (Orconectes) bisectus.—Hobbs, 1959:890 [by implication].

Faxonius bisectus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81322, 81323 (artII, art); paratypes, MCZ, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Brushy Fork, 1 mile west of Repton, Crittenden County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Crooked Creek drainage in Crittenden County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Medium-sized streams.

Orconectes causeyi Jester

FIGURE 163

Orconectes causeyi Jester, 1967:518, figs. 1–12.—Reimer, 1969: 52, figs. 4, 10, 24, 37.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115698, 115699, 115700 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Conchas Reservoir, 32 miles northwest of Tucumcari on State Route 104, San Miguel County, New Mexico.

RANGE.—“New Mexico, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Kansas” (Reimer, 1969).

HABITAT.—Streams and impounded lakes.

REMARKS.—This crayfish, insofar as I am able to determine, is indistinguishable from Orconectes virilis (Hagen). Until the relationships of these two species and O. nais (Faxon) become more adequately understood, the conservative recognition of the three seems advisable.

Orconectes compressus (Faxon)

FIGURE 169

Cambarus compressus Faxon, 1884:127; 1885a:105, pl. 5: fig. 6; pl. 10: figs 2, 2′, 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) compressus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius compressus.—Creaser, 19S3a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) compressus.—Creaser, 1933b: 16 [by implication].

Orconectes compressus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1949a: 17.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) compressus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4878 (11artI, 13 art), USNM 4879 (5 art I, 3art, artII), MCZ 3583 (3 art I, 2 art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Second Creek, Waterloo, Lauderdale County, Alabama. Restricted by Faxon (1914:419).

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tennessee River in Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee; tributaries of the Cumberland River in Tennessee and Kentucky; and tributaries of the Barren River in Tennessee and Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Clear, rock- or gravel-bedded streams.

Orconectes difficilis blacki Walls

FIGURE 107

Orconectes difficilis blacki Walls, 1972:454, figs. 3A–E, 4A.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131255 (artI); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, J. B. Black, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., and J. G. Walls.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Bearhead Creek, 4 miles southwest of Juanita on State Route 109, Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known only from six localities in Beauregard and Calcasieu parishes, Louisiana, and intergrading with O. d. hathawayi “in the Calcasieu River drainage of Allen, Beauregard, Calcasieu, and Vernon Parishes, Louisiana” (Walls, 1972: 455).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes difficilis difficilis (Faxon)

FIGURE 106

Cambarus difficilis Faxon, 1898:656, pl. 65: figs. 1–4.

Cambarus (Faxonius) difficilis.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius difficilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) difficilis.—Creaser, 1933b: 16 [by implication].

Cambarus difficulis.—Fleming, 1938:300 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes difficilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].— Williams, 1954:898, figs. 217–224, 233.—Fiupatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) difficilis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication]; 1959:892.

Orconectes difficilis difficilis.—Walk, 1972:456.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 19687 (9 art I, 10 art, 5 art II), MCZ 4359 (artI, art, art II), Mus. Zool. Torino.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—McAlester, Pittsburg County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Known from Pittsburg and Latimer counties, Oklahoma, Upshur County, Texas, to Washington County, Arkansas, southeastward to Louisiana (see Walls, 1972).

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes difficilis hathawayi Penn

FIGURE 109

Orconectes (Orconectes) hathawayi Penn, 1952b: 1, figs. 1–14.

Faxonius hathawayi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes hathawayi.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes difficilis hathawayi.—Walls, 1972:453.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 92998, 92999, 93000, (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, CM, ANSP, USNM, AMNH, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Spring Creek, 5.1 miles east of Hineston on State Route 85, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Jackson and Rapides parishes south to Vermilion Parish, Louisiana; intergrading with O. d. blacki in the Calcasieu River system in Allen, Beauregard, Calcasieu, and Vernon parishes.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes difficilis maletae Walls

FIGURE 108

Orconectes difficilis maletae Walls, 1972:456, figs. 2A–E, 4B.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131254 (artI); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, J. B. Black, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., and J. G. Walls.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Bayou Santabarb “ (third branch north of Kisatchie)” on State Route 117, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known from only seven localities in Natchitoches and Sabine parishes, Louisiana, and Upshur County, Texas. Specimens from Coal County, Oklahoma, are interpreted as intergrades between this and the nominate subspecies.

HABITAT.—Streams (?).

Orconectes erichsonianus (Faxon)

FIGURE 123

Cambarus erichsonianus Faxon, 1898:659, pl. 64: figs. 7–12.

Cambarus erichsoni.—Ortmann, 1905c: 109 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) erichsonianus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Cambarus spinosus gulielmi Faxon, 1914:375. [Syntypes, USNM 26379 (6artII, 6art, 4artjuv.), MCZ 7448 (artII, art). Type-locality, stream from John Ross Spring, near Rossville, Walker County, Georgia.]

Faxonius erichsonianus.—Creaser, 1933a: 3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) erichsonianus.—Creaser, 1933b:7 [by implication].

Cambarus erichsonionus.—Fleming, 1938:299 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes erichsonianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:131, 147, figs. 2–18, 20.

Orconectes (Orconectes) erichsonianus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 20787 (3artI, 4 art), MCZ 4347 (artI, art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rip Roaring Fork, 5 miles northwest of Greeneville, Greene County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Tennessee, Elk, and Coosa river systems in eastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia, and northern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes eupunctus Williams

FIGURE 116

Orconecctes eupunctus Williams, 1952:330 [erroneous spelling of generic name].

Orconectes eupunctus Williams, 1952:334, 335, pl. 1: figs. 1–8; 1954:840, figs. 41–49.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) eupunctus.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius eupunctus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 129200 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Eleven Point River at Riverton, Oregon County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Spring River and Eleven Point drainage systems in Arkansas and Missouri.

HABITAT.—Clear, cold, rapid streams.

Orconectes forceps (Faxon)

FIGURE 137

Cambarus forceps Faxon, 1884:133; 1885a:119, pl. 5: fig. 4; pl. 9: figs. 5, 5′, 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) forceps.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus forceps.—Ortmann, 1931:72.

Faxonius forceps.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) forceps.—Creaser, 1933b: 10 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus forceps.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus forceps.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes forceps.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143.—Hobbs, 1972b: 98, figs. 77i, 80d.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4880 (3 art I, 4 art), MCZ 3582 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River drainage, chiefly above Walden Gorge, from northern Alabama to southwestern Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes harrisonii (Faxon)

FIGURE 111

Cambarus Harrisonii Faxon, 1884:130; 1885a:94, pl. 3: fig. 1; pl. 9: figs. 9, 9′.

Cambarus harrisonii.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus harrisoni.—Ortmann, 1902:278.

Cambarus (Faxonius) harrisoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:111.

Faxonius harrisoni.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962: 2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) harrisoni.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Faxonius harrisonii.—Creaser, 1934a:1.

Orconectes harrisoni.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) harrisoni.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes harrisonii.—Williams, 1954:839, figs. 55–41.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3586 (11 art I 5 art), USNM 25826 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Irondale, Washington County, Missouri.

RANGE.—St. Genevieve and Washington counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes hobbsi Penn

FIGURE 160

Orconectes hobbsi Penn. 1950c:381, figs. 1–10; 1959:18, figs. 32, 52, 68, 82.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) hobbsi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius hobbsi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90952, 90953, 90954 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, TU, AMNH.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Headwater creek of Bayou Lacombe at St. Tammany, 6 miles north of Lacombe on State Route 187, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Lake Pontchartrain watershed in Louisiana and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Rapidly flowing streams.

Orconectes hylas (Faxon)

FIGURE 134

Cambarus hylas Faxon, 1890:632.

Cambaras (Faxonius) hylas.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius hylas.—Creaser, 19S3a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) hylas.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes hylas.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:847, figs. 74–82.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) hylas.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3858 (3 art II, art), USNM 25827 (artII, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—West Fork of Black River, Reynolds County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Big and Black rivers in southeastern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes illinoiensis Brown

FIGURE 128

Orconectes illinoiensis Brown, 1956:163, figs. 1–9.

Faxonius illinoiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes illinoisensis.—Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1962:207 [erroneous spelling].—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:131, 149, figs. 2–18, 21.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 97997, 97998, 97999 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, Max R. Matteson, Troy C. Dorris, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, 3.25 miles south of Mount Pleasant, Union County, Illinois.

RANGE.—Alexander, Gallatin, Hardin, Pope, and Union counties, Illinois.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes immunis (Hagen)

FIGURE 164

Cambarus immunis Hagen, 1870:71, pl. 1: figs. 101, 102; pl. 3: fig. 160; pl. 8: fig. b.

Cambarus signifer Herrick, 1882:253, fig. 7. [Types, MCZ 3515 (2 art I. art). Type-locality, Grass Lake, Richfield, Hennepin County, Minnesota.]

Cambarus immunis spinirostris Faxon, 1884:146. [Types, USNM 4655 (6artII, 8 art), MCZ 3562 (2artII, 2 art). Type-locality, Reelfoot Lake, Obion County, Tennessee.]

Cambarus immunis immunis.—Faxon, 1884:146 [by implication].

Cambarus immunis var. spinosiris.—Harris, 1901b: 115 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus rinmunis.—Steele, 1902:3 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) immunis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius immunis.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Faxonius intended as subgeneric name].—Creaser, 1933a:4; 1962:2.

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis immunis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis pedianus Creaser, 1933b:14. [Subgenus by implication. Holotype and allotype, USNM 98334, 98335 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM. Type-locality, reservoir at Englcwood, Denver, Colorado.]

Cambarus immunis Hagenianus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [lapsus for C. immunis Hagen].

Orconectes immunis immunis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:890, figs. 200–208.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes immunis pedianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis immunis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes immunis.—Penn, 1950d:645.

Orconnectes immunis.—Threincn, 1958:2 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Orchonectes immunis.—Dimond et al., 1968:760 [erroneous spelling of generic name].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 188 (2 art I, 2 art). The “paratypes” of Faxon (1914:421), MCZ 3355, are dubious “types” because this number was not listed by Hagen (1870:73). The “paratype” said to be in MHNP could not be located.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lawn Ridge, Marshall County, Illinois.

RANGE.—Massachusetts to Wyoming and Alabama to Ontario.

HABITAT.—Ponds, roadside ditches, and sluggish streams.

Orconectes incomptus Hobbs and Barr

FIGURE 99

Orconectes incomptus Hobbs and Barr, 1972:32, fig. 9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130299, 130300, 130301 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, H. H. Hobbs III.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cherry Cave, lat. 36°28′09″ N.. long. 85°36′28″ W., Jackson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from three localities in Jackson County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes indianensis (Hay)

FIGURE 105

Cambarus indianensis Hay, 1896:494, fig. 9.

Cambarus (Faxonius) indianensis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius indianensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) indianensis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes indianensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) indianensis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 14624 (2artI, 2 art). MCZ 3859 (2artI,2art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Patoka River, Patoka, Gibson County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Illinois and Indiana.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes inermis inermis Cope

FIGURE 100

Orconectes inermis Cope, 1872:419.—Hobbs, 1948a:20, figs. 10, 14.

Cambarus pellucidus inermis.—Faxon, 1885a:83.—Packard, 1888:41.

Cambarus pellucidus variety inermis.—Hay, 1893:284.

Cambarus inermis.—Faxon, 1898:647.

Orconectis inermis.—Harris, 1903:113 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus inermis.—Rhoades, 1959:401 [in part].

Orconectes inermis inermis.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:4, 36, figs. 1, 10, 12C–Z, 13.

TYPES.—Not extant. Topotypes, USNM 131405 (artI, art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Wyandotte Cave, Indiana. Actually Sibert's Well Cave, just below Wyandotte Cave, Crawford County, Indiana, according to Hobbs (1942a:335).

RANGE.—From Hart County, Kentucky, northwest ward to Crawford and Harrison counties, Indiana, where it intergrades with O. inermis testii.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes inermis testii (Hay)

FIGURE 101

Cambarus pellucidus var. testii Hay, 1891:148.

Cambarus pellucidus testii.—Hay, 1893:285.

Cambarus pellucidus testi.—Hay, 1902a:233.

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus testi.—Ortmann, 1931:64 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus testii.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus testii.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus inermis.—Rhoades, 1959:401 [in part].

Orconectes inermis testii.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:4, 49, figs. 1, 11, 12a,b.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 17702 (2art II, art), MCZ 7431 (artII, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mayfield's Cave, SW¼NE¼ SW¼ sec. 26, T. 9 N.. R. 2 W., Monroe County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Monroe County, Indiana, intergrading immediately to the south with the typical subspecies.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes iowaensis Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 127

Orconectes species a Fitzpatrick, 1967a:150–151, 167, 168, 169, figs. 2–18, 27.

Orconectes iowaensis Fitzpatrick, 1968:507, figs. 1–10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117963, 117964, 117965 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, Coe College, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Turkey River, 2.5 miles south of Cresco, Howard County, Iowa.

RANGE.—Mississippi drainage system in eastern Iowa.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes jeffersoni Rhoades

FIGURE 119

Orconectes propinquus jeffersoni Rhoades, 1944a: 123, fig. 5a–f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus jeffersoni.—Hobbs, 1959: 894 [by implication].

Faxonius propinquus jeffersoni.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes jeffersoni.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:131, 152, figs. 2–18, 22.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated by Rhoades as allotype), USNM 81316, 81318,81317 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, CM, USNM, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary of Muddy Fork of Beargrass Creek, 2 miles east of Louisville corporation line on U.S. Highway 42, Jefferson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Tributaries to Beargrass Creek, Ohio River, Jefferson County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes juvenilis (Hagen)

FIGURE 147

Cambarus juvenilis Hagen, 1870:66, pl. 1: figs. 29–33; pl. 3: fig. 157.

Cambarus juvenalis.—Harris, 1900:271 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Ortmann, 1931:84 [in part].

Faxonius juvenilis.—Creaser, 19S3a:3 [by implication]; 1962: 2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes juvenilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) juvenilis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes Juvenils.—Hobbs and Walton, 1966:136 [erroneous spelling in title].

Orconectes juvenalis.—Merkle, 1969:228 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3347 (26 artII, art, 8art juv.), USNM 4967 (artI), USNM 25830 (artI, art), MHNP (2art, 2 art). Other types cited by Faxon (1914:418) apparently no longer extant.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Kentucky River, Little Hickman, Jessamine County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Streams in the Ohio drainage system in northern Kentucky and in Indiana (?). The limits of the ranges of O. juvenilis and the closely related O. putnami and O. spinosus have not been determined.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Following Ortmann (1931), O. putnami and O. spinosus were considered synonyms of O. juvenilis. Ortmann considered O. spinosus Bundy (not Faxon) to be a “doubtful form” but indicated that “it may be different from juvenilis.”

Orconectes kentuckiensis Rhoades

FIGURE 113

Orconectes kentuckiensis Rhoades, 1944a: 122, fig. 4a–f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) kentuckiensis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius kentuckiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81313, 81315, 81314 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Piney Creek, 3 miles west of Shady Grove, Crittenden County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Crittenden and Union counties, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Mud-bottomed streams.

Orconectes lancifer (Hagen)

FIGURE 114

Cambarus lancifer Hagen, 1870:59, pl. 1: figs. 86, 87; pl. 3: fig. 159.

Cambarus faxonii Meek, 1894:1042, figs. 1–4. [Syntypes, MCZ 4220 (4artII, 3 art), USNM 19331 (63 art art), USNM 22425 (art II, art). Type-locality, St. Francis River at Greenway and Big Bay, Clay County, Arkansas.]

Cambarus (Faxonius) lancifer.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius lancifer.—Penn, 1939:215.

Orconectes lancifer.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) lancifer.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 306 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Root Pond, Miss.” Rocky Ford near Etta, Union County, Mississippi, fide Penn (1939:215).

RANGE.—Known from Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Tennessee, and extreme southern Illinois.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Orconectes leptogonopodus Hobbs

FIGURE 131

Orconectes leptogonopodus Hobbs, 1948b:146, figs. 24–32; 1972b:87, figs. 68a,e, 69b.—Williams, 1954:854, figs. 18, 99–106.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) leptogonopodus.—Hobbs, 1959:892.

Faxonius leptogonopodus leptogonopodus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes leptogonopodus leptogonopodus.—Fitzpatrick, 1965:87.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82262 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—McKinney's Creek, 4.7 miles northeast of Hatfield, Polk County, Arkansas, on U.S. Highway 71.

RANGE.—Red River drainage in Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma.

HABITAT.—Small, clear, rocky streams.

Orconectes limosus, (Rafinesque)

FIGURE 103

Astacus litnosus Rafinesque, 1817:42.

Astacus affinis Say, 1817:168. [Type unknown. Type-locality, Delaware River.]

Astacus (Cambarus) affinis.—Erichson, 1846:96.

Cambarus Pealei Girard, 1852:87. [Syntypes, USNM 2081 (2 artI, 2 art). Type-locality, Potomac River at Washington, D.C.]

Cambarus affinis.—Girard, 1852:87.

Cambarus (Faxonius) limosus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 107.—Fowler, 1912:353, pls. 104, 105.

Cambarus limosus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 107.

Faxonius limosus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) limosus.—Creaser, 193Sb:21 [by implication].

Orconectes limosus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1948a:20, fig. 22.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) limosus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius affinis.—Hobbs, 1942c:55.

Orconectes limosa.—Mobberly, 1963:80 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus affinis.—Bacescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes limosus.—Avault, 1973:242 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Not known to exist.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Delaware River near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

RANGE.—The Atlantic watershed from Maine to the lower James River in Virginia. Introduced into western Europe.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes longidigitus (Faxon)

FIGURE 142

Cambarus longidigitus Faxon, 1898:653, pl. 62: figs. 6–9.

Cambarus whitmani Steele, 1902:24, pl. 3: figs, c1, c2; pl. 5: fig. B. [Location of types unknown. Type-locality, James River, Missouri.]

Cambarus (Faxonius) longidigitus.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius longidigitus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) longidigitus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes longidigitus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:884, figs. 149, 183–190.

Orconectes (Orconectes) longidigitus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 4364 (2 art II, art, 2art juv.), USNM 19683 (artII, 3art, art juv., 2 art juv.).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Oxford Bend, White River (Izard County?), Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the White and Little Red rivers in Missouri and Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes luteus (Creaser)

FIGURE 150

Faxonius (Faxonius) luteus Creaser, 1933b:7, pl. 1: figs. 3, 4 [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius luteus.—Creaser, 19S4a:l; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes luteus.—Hobbs, 1942a:353.—Williams, 1954:872, figs. 149–157.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) luteus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes luetus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98344, 98345 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Niangua River at mouth of Greasy Creek, 5 miles southeast of Buffalo, Dallas County, Missouri.

RANGE.—From the Marais des Cygnes River, Kansas, eastward through southern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Clear, swiftly flowing streams.

Orconectes macrus Williams

FIGURE 145

Orconectes nana macrus Williams, 1952:337, figs. 17–24; 1954: 851, figs. 82, 91–98.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana macrus.—Hobbs, 1959:892 [by implication].

Faxonius nana macrus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes macrus.—Hobbs, 1972b:9S, fig. 74e.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118847 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Spring River, 2 miles southwest of Mount Vernon, Lawrence County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Upper Arkansas River system in southwestern Missouri and northwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams and in shallow burrows along them.

Orconectes marchandi Hobbs

FIGURE 115

Orconectes marchandi Hobbs, 1948b: 140, figs, 1–4, 10–14, 17.—Williams. 1954:843, figs. 1, 50–57.—Fitzpatrick, 1963: 61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) marchandi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius marchandi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype and “morphotype,” USNM 82072, 82073, 82074 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stream 3.2 miles southeast of Hardy, Sharp County, Arkansas, on U.S. Highway 63.

RANGE.—Spring River drainage system in Lawrence and Sharp counties, Arkansas, and Oregon County, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Clear, rocky streams.

Orconectes medius (Faxon)

FIGURE 149

Cambaras medius Faxon, 1884:121; 1885a:107, pl. 3: fig. 4; pl. 9: figs. 4, 4′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) medius.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius medius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) medius.—Creaser, 193Sb:21 [by implication].

Orconectes medius.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:876, figs. 158–166.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) medius.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3585 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Irondale, Washington County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the Big and Meramec rivers in eastern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes meeki brevis Williams

FIGURE 156

Orconectes meeki brevis Williams, 1952:348, figs. 41–48; 1954: 881, figs. 166, 175–182.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki brevis.—Hobbs, 1959:895 [by implication].

Faxonius meeki brevis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118848 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stream, approximately 5 miles north of Stilwell on U.S. Highway 59, Adair County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Arkansas River in eastern Oklahoma and extreme northwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes meeki meeki (Faxon)

FIGURE 155

Cambarus meeki Faxon, 1898:657, pl. 65: figs. 5–9.

Cambarus meekii.—Hay, 1899b:960 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) meeki.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

G[ambarus] (Faxonius) meeki.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius meeki.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]

Faxonius (Faxonius) meeki.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes meeki.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki meeki.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes meeki meeki.—Williams, 1952:350; 1954:878, figs. 166–174.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Faxonius meeki meeki.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 4363 (2artII, 3 art), USNM 19680 (10 artII,13 art), Mus. Zool. Torino 433.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Walnut Fork of Big Piney Creek, Swain, Newton County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Arkansas, Red, and White river systems in Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes menae (Creaser)

FIGURE 151

Faxonius (Faxonius) menae Creaser, 193Sb:5, pl. 1: figs. 9, 10 [subgenus by implication].

Orconectes menae.—Hobbs, 1942a:353.—Williams, 1954:863, figs. 123–131.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) menae.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius menae.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98330, 98331 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stream tributary to Irons Fork of the Ouachita River, Mena, Polk County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ouachita River in Polk and Montgomery counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Rocky creeks.

Orconectes mirus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 143

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus mirus Ortmann, 1931:81.

Faxonius (Faxonius) mirus.—Creaser, 1933b: 10 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus mirus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus mirus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius mirus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes mirus.—Hobbs, 1972b:97, figs. 74i, 76c,e.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.1378 (art I, 3 art II, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Hurricane Creek, Cumberland Springs, Moore County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Elk and Duck river drainages in Alabama and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Small creeks.

Orconectes mississippiensis (Faxon)

FIGURE 161

Cambarus mississippiensis Faxon, 1884:123; 1885a: 101, pl. 3: fig. 2; pl. 10: figs. 4, 4′, 4a, 4a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) mississippiensis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius mississippiensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) mississippiensis.—Creaser, 1933b: 19 [by implication].

Orconectes mississippiensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) mississippiensis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 19760 (artI, art), USNM 19759 (artII, art), MCZ 3563 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Eastern Mississippi. Restricted to Macon, Noxubee County, Mississippi, by Faxon (1914:422).

RANGE.—Eastern Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams and roadside ditches.

Orconectes nais (Faxon)

FIGURE 165

Cambarus Nais Faxon, 1885b:140.

Cambarus nais.—Underwood, 1886:371.

Cambarus naïs.—Faxon, 1890:631.

Cambarus pilosus Hay, 1899a: 121, fig. 1 [Types, USNM 19761 (6artII), MCZ 7389 (artII). Type-locality, Beloit, Mitchell County, Kansas.]

Cambarus pelosus.—Harris, 1901:115 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) nais.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.—Creaser and Ortenberger, 1933:37, figs. 10, 14, 24.

Faxonius nais.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) nais.—Creaser, 1933b:5.

Orconectes nais.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:886, figs. 191–199.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) nais.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectus nais.—Ray and Stevens, 1970:58 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3755 (2 art I, artII, art), USNM 129213 (3 art I, 3 art II); Mus. Washburn Coll. (no longer there).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Labette County, Kansas.

RANGE.—Great Plains and Ozark region.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—The syntypes in the United States National Museum are specimens collected by W. S. Newlon from the type-locality and were received from the Kansas Museum of Natural History; presumably they represent a part of the lot that was said by Faxon (1914) to have been at Washburn College. See remarks under O. causeyi.

Orconectes nana Williams

FIGURE 144

Orconectes nana nana Williams, 1952:333, figs. 9–16; 1954:849, figs. 82–90.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana nana.—Hobbs, 1959:892 [by implication].

Faxonius nana nana.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes nana.—Hobbs, 1972b: 96, figs. 74g, 76a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 129824, 129825, 129826 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Flint Creek, 5 miles east of Kansas, Delaware County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Spring River drainage in Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma.

HABITAT.—Swift, cold streams.

Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams

FIGURE 140

Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams, 1952:344, figs. 33–40; 1954:869, figs. 140–148.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus chaenodactylus.—Hobbs, 1959:893 [by implication].

Faxonius neglectus chaenodactylus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118840 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Whites Creek, 8.6 miles southeast of Ava, Douglas County, Missouri.

RANGE.—North Fork of the White River in Arkansas and Missouri, intergrading in the headwaters with the nominate subspecies.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes neglectus neglectus (Faxon)

FIGURE 141

Cambaras neglectus Faxon, 1885b: 142.

Cambarus (Faxonius) neglectus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.—Creaser and Ortenburger, 1933:17, figs. 9, 15, 23.

Faxonius neglectus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) neglectus.—Creaser, 193Sb:9 [by implication].

Cambarus neglecta.—Parks, Smith, and Garrett, 1939:2 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes neglectus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 by implication].

Orconectes neglectus neglectus.—Williams, 1952:344 [by implication]; 1954:866, figs. 132–139, 148.—Fitzpatrick, 1963: 61 [by implication].

Faxonius neglectus neglectus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3757 (artI, art); MCZ 3590 (art II) [questionable type]; Mus. Washburn Coll. [no longer there].

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mill Creek, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.

RANGE.—Streams in the White (except North Fork) and Arkansas river systems in Missouri, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, and in tributaries of the Kansas River in Colorado, Nebraska, and east-central Kansas.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes obscurus (Hagen)

FIGURE 117

Cambarus obscurus Hagen, 1870:69, pl. I: figs. 72–75; pl. 3: fig. 154.

Astacus obscurus.—Hagen, 1870:5 [lapsus].

Cambarus propinquus var. obscura.—Faxon, 1885a:92.

Cambarus propinquus obscurus.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Faxonius) obscurus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112; 1906b: 369, pl. A: figs. 1, 2; pl. 39: fig. 7; pl. 40: fig. 1; pl. 42: figs. 2, 3.

Faxonius obscurus.—Creaser, 1933a:5; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) obscurus.—Creaser, 19SSa:5 [by implication].

Orconectes obscurus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Crocker, 1957:36, 53, 75, pl. 3: figs. 5, 6; pl. 5: fig. 2.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:131, 160, figs. 3, 11–15, 25.

Orconectes (Orconectes) obscurus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Cambarus obscura.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 161 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Lectotype, MCZ 181 (artI); paralectotypes, MCZ 181 (9 art I, 6 art), MCZ 3353 (7 art I, art). MCZ 3354 (3art II), USNM 4971 (artI), MHNP (art, art), Würzburg Mus.; “cotypes” previously reported to be in the Australian Museum are not there. The lectotype (artI) was selected by Fitzpatrick (1967a: 162) from MCZ 181, and all other “types” were designated paralectotypes.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Genesee River, Rochester, Monroe County, New York.

RANGE.—Southeastern Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, West Virginia, northern Virginia, and western Maryland.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes ozarkae Williams

FIGURE 153

Orconectes ozarkae Williams, 1952:339, figs. 25–32; 1954:860, figs. 115–123.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) ozarkae.—Hobbs, 1959:892.

Faxonius ozarkae.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 118846 (artI, art) and “morphotype,” USNM 118844 (artII); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Hackney Creek, 4.6 miles west-southwest of Stuart, Sharp County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—White River system in southern Missouri and northern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes palmeri creolanus (Creaser)

FIGURE 159

Faxonius (Faxonius) creolanus Creaser, 1933b: 16, pl. 1: figs. 1, 2 [subgenus by implication].

Cambarus creolanus.—Penn, 1941:8.

Orconectes creolanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Orconectes (Orconectes) creolanus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri creolanus.—Penn, 1952a:744.

Orconectes palmeri creolanus.—Penn, 1953e:6; 1957:231, figs. 24, 27, 30.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Faxonius palmeri creolanus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 101972 and 98341 (artI, art); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary to Amite River, 0.5 mile north of Ethel, East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Mississippi and Louisiana in ”the Lake Pontchartrain drainage area plus the Pearl and Pascagoula rivers” (Penn, 1957:258).

HABITAT.—Rapid and sluggish streams.

Orconectes palmeri longimanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 158

Cambarus palmeri longimanus Faxon, 1898:655, pl. 64: figs. 1–6.

Cambarus longimanus.—Creaser and Ortenburger, 1933:16, 38, figs. 4, 16, 26.

Faxonius longimanus—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) longimanus.—Creaser, 1933b: 19 [by implication].

Orconectes palmeri longimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:894, figs. 200, 209–216.—Penn. 1957:231, figs. 25, 28.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri longimanus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius palmeri longimanus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 7390 (artI); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, Mus. Zool. Torino.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Red River, Arthur City, Lamar County, Texas.

RANGE.—Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas, and Louisiana, “all western tributaries of the Mississippi River from the Arkansas River to the Gulf, and Gulf drainage streams from the Mississippi River to the Guadalupe River in Texas” (Penn, 1957:258).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes palmeri palmeri (Faxon)

FIGURE 157

Cambarus palmeri Faxon, 1884:124; 1885a: 103, pl. 3: fig. 6; pl. 10: figs. 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus palmeri palmeri.—Faxon, 1898:655 [by implication].

Cambarus (Faxonius) palmeri.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius palmeri.—Creaser. 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) palmeri.—Creaser, 1933b: 19 [by implication].

Orconectes palmeri palmeri—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Hobbs and Marchand, 1943:28, figs. 7, 13, 19, 26.—Penn, 1957:231, figs. 26, 29.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius palmeri palmeri.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4872 (8 art II, 7 art), MCZ 3564 (2 art II, 2 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Creek at eastern side of Reelfoot Lake, Obion County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Lower Mississippi Valley, occurring in western Tennessee and Mississippi and in eastern Missouri and Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes pellucidus (Tellkampf)

FIGURE 102

Astacus pellucidus Tellkampf, 1844a:684; 1844b:383; 1845:85.

Astacus (Cambarus) pellucidus.—Erichson, 1846:95.

Cambarus pellucidus.—Girard, 1852:87.—Hagen, 1870:55, pl. I: figs. 68–71; pl. 3: fig. 148; pl. 6.

Cambarus pelulcidus.—Hagen, 1870:106 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes pellucidus.—Cope, 1872:409.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:58, figs. 1, 14–16.

Cambarus typhlobius Joseph, 1880:202 [see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus coecus Joseph, 1881:237 [nomen nudum; see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus stygius Joseph, 1881:241 [nomen nudum]; 1882:12 [validation of nomen nudum of 1881, becoming homonym of Cambarus stygius Bundy=Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard); see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus (Orconectes) pellucidus.—Hovey, 1882:222 [in part].

Cambarus Stygius.—Faxon, 1884:139.

Cambarus pellucidus pellucidus.—Packard, 1888:41 [by implication].

Camtarus (Orconectes) pellucidus, form inermis.—Packard, 1888:156 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus Cambarus Stigius.—Rabé, 1890:9 [erroneous spelling].

Cambrus pellucidus.—Price, 1900:155 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 107.

Cambarus caecus.—Bouvier, 1940:68 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus pelludicus.—Dearolf, 1942:50 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Pellucidus.—Jackson, 1942:4.

Orconectes pellucidus pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) pellucidus.—Balss, 1944:402.

Orconectes pellucidus pelluicdus.—Hobbs, 1948a: 16 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Coecus.—Bott, 1950:25.

Gambarus typhlobius.—Croizat, 1958:908 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, ZBM 1562 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Area extending “southwestward from Hart County to Trigg County, Kentucky, and Montgomery County, Tennessee” (Hobbs and Barr, 1972).

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters and springs.

Orconectes perfectus Walls

FIGURE 110

Orconectes perfectus Walls, 1972:451, figs. 1A–E, 4C.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131256 (artI); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Satilpa Creek, 8.7 miles northwest (not “east”) of Grove Hill on Chilton Road, Clarke County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known from five localities in Clarke and Choctaw counties, Alabama, and Clay and Lowndes counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes peruncus (Creaser)

FIGURE 135

Cambarus (Faxonius) peruncus Creaser, 1931a:7, figs. 13–17.

Faxonius (Faxonius) peruncus.—Creaser, 1933b: 12 [by implication].

Faxonius peruncus.—Creaser, 1934a: 1; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes peruncus.—Hobbs, 1942a:353.—Williams, 1954: 845, figs. 18, 66–73.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) peruncus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98339, 98340 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Little Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, 1 mile northeast of Chloride, Iron County, Missouri.

RANCE.—Headwaters of the St. Francis River in central Missouri.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes placidus (Hagen)

FIGURE 138

Cambarus placidus Hagen, 1870:65, pl. 1: figs. 76–79; pl. 3: fig. 158.

Cambarus rusticus, var. placida.—Faxon, 1885a:65.

Cambarus rusticus, var. placidus.—Faxon, 1885b: 142.

Cambarus rusticus placidus—Faxon, 1890:630.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus placidus.—Ortmann, 1931:76.

Faxonius placidus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) placidus.—Creaser, 1933b: 10 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus placidus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus placidus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes placidus.—Hobbs, 1966b:69; 1967a: 125.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 289 (4 art II, 3 art), USNM 4966 (artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Lebanon, Wilson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Cumberland, Duck, and Tennessee drainage systems in southern Kentucky, Tennessee, and northern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes propinquus (Girard)

FIGURE 118

Cambarus propinquus Girard, 1852:88.

Astacus propinquus.—Hagen, 1870:61.

Cambarus propinquus propinquus.—Faxon, 1885a:91 [by implication].

Camborus propinquus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinquus typicus.—Ortmann, 1905c:133.

Cambarus (Faxonius) propinquus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112; 1906b:358, pl. 39: fig. 6a,b.

Faxonius propinquus.—Williamson, 1907:754.—Creaser, 1933a:1.

Faxonius (Faxonius) propinquus propinquus.—Creaser, 1933a: 3 [by implication].

Cambarus propinguus.—Fleming, 1939:304 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinkuus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [in part; erroneous spelling].

Cambarrus propinquus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes propinquus propinquus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Crocker, 1957:35, 48, 75; frontispiece; pl. 3: figs. 1, 2; pl. 5: fig. 1.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus propinquus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes propinquus.—Hoff, 1943:281.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143, figs. 2–19.

Orconnectes propinquus.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius propinquus propinquus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Three localities were originally given by Girard. From these, Faxon designated Garrison Creek, Sackett's Harbor, Jefferson County, New York, as the type-locality. Ortmann cited Oswego, Oswego County, New York. Crocker (1957:35) and Fitzpatrick (1967a:146) accepted Ortmann's designation.

RANGE.—Ontario and New York west to Illinois and Wisconsin.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes punctimanus (Creaser)

FIGURE 133

Faxonius (Faxonius) punctimanus Creaser, 1933b: 1, pl. 1: figs. 5, 6 [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius punctimanus.—Creaser, 1934a: 1; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes punctimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:353.—Williams, 1954:856, figs. 107–114, 200.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) punctimanus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98342, 98343 (artl, art); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rubidoux Creek at Waynesville, Pulaski County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Between the White, St. Francis, and Missouri rivers in Arkansas and Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes putnami (Faxon)

FIGURE 148

Cambarus Putnami Faxon, 1884:131; 1885a:118, pl. 5: fig. 5; pl. 9: figs. 6, 6′, 6a, 6a′.

Cambarus putnami.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus (Faxonius) putnami.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Ortmann, 1931:84 [in part].

Orconectes putnami.—Rhoades, 1944a: 129.—Hobbs, 1972b:86, figs. 68d, 69a.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3568 (4 art I, 7 art, 8 art juv., 5 artjuv.), USNM 10130 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Bear Creek, Grayson Springs, Grayson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Ohio drainage system in western Kentucky, southern Indiana (?), and Tennessee (?). The limits of the range of O. putnami and the closely related O. juvenilis and O. spinosus have not been determined.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Following Ortmann (1931) this species has been largely relegated to synonymy with O. juvenilis (Hagen). Even Rhoades, in using the combination Orconectes putnami for the first time, considered it a synonym of O. juvenilis. Not until 1972 was it proposed that it again be accorded specific status.

Orconectes quadruncus (Creaser)

FIGURE 130

Faxonius (Faxonius) quadruncus Creaser, 1933b:10, pl. 1: figs. 11, 12 [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius quadruncus.—Creaser, 1934a:l; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes quadruncus.—Hobbs, 1942a:553.—Williams, 1954: 844, figs. 1, 58–65.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) quadruncus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98346, 98347 (artI, art); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Stout's Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, between Ironton and Arcadia, Iron County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Restricted to the headwaters of the St. Francis River system in Iron, St. Genevieve, and Madison counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Rapidly flowing, rocky streams.

Orconectes rafinesquei Rhoades

FIGURE 124

Orconectes rafinesquei Rhoades, 1944a: 116, fig. 1A–F.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rafinesquei,—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius rafinesquei.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 81304, 81306, 81305 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, ANSP, MCZ, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rough River, at Falls-of-Rough, Grayson-Breckenridge counties, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Breckenridge, Grayson, and Ohio counties in central Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes rhoadesi Hobbs

FIGURE 167

Cambarus validus Faxonianus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [error for “C. validus Faxon”].

Orconectes rhoadesi Hobbs, 1949a: 19, pl. 3: figs. 1–10.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rhoadesi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius rhoadesi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, morphotype, USNM 87953 (artI, art II), and allotype, USNM 87954 (art); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Otter Creek, between Granny White Pike and Hillsboro Pike, about 7 miles south of Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Cumberland, Duck, and Tennessee basins in central Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes rusticus (Girard)

FIGURE 136

Cambarus rusticas Girard, 1852:88.—Faxon, 1885a: 108, pl. 9: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius rusticus.—Williamson, 1907:753 [Faxonius intended as a subgeneric name].—Creaser, I933a:5.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus rusticus.—Ortmann, 1931:82.

Faxonius (Faxonius) rusticus rusticus.—Creaser, 1933b21 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus rusticus—Hobbs, 1942a: 352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus rusticus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus.—Spoor, 1955:78.—Hobbs, 1972b:92, figs. 74c, 75b,d.

Orconnectes rusticus.—Threinen, 1958:3 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius rusticus rusticus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—“Types probably destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:418). A questionable type (in very poor condition) is USNM 4968 (art II); also questionable is a dry female, ANSP 195.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Ohio River at Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio.

RANGE.—Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, and southern Ontario; introduced in Massachusetts.

HABITAT.—Streams, ponds, and lakes.

Orconectes sanbornii erismophorous Hobbs and Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 122

Orconectes propinquus erismophorous Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1962:208, figs. 1–15.

Orconectes sanborni erismophorus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:131, figs. 2–18, 24 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes sanborni erismophorous.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:160.

Orconectes sanbornii erismophorous [original genitive of species].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 107597, 107598, 107599 (artI, art,art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Crane Nest Creek at Pee Wee, Wirt County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Little Kanawha River system, West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes sanbornii sanbornii (Faxon)

FIGURE 121

Cambarus Sanbornii Faxon, 1884:128.

Cambarus propinquus Sanbornii.—Faxon, 1885a:91, pl. 5: fig. 3; pl. 9: figs. 10, 10′, 10a, 10a′.

Cambarus propinquus var. sanborni.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus propinquus var. sanbornii.—Osborn and Williamson, 1898:21.

Cambarus propinquus sanbornii.—Faxon, 1898:660.

Cambarus propinquus sanborni.—Ortmann, 1905c: 128.

Cambarus obscurus sanborni.—Ortmann, 1906b:437.

Faxonius sanborni—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) sanborni.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes propinquus sanborni.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus sanborni.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Faxonius sanborni sanborni.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes sanborni sanborni.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 131, 157, figs. 2–18, 23.

Orconectes sanborni.—Stevenson, 1967:208.

Orconectes sanbornii sanbornii [original genitive].

TYPES.—Lectotype, MCZ 3692 (artI); paralectotypes, MCZ 3587 (lost), MCZ 3692 (artII, art) [see Fitzpatrick (1967a: 157)].

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Oberlin, Lorain County, Ohio. Restricted by Faxon (1914:418).

RANGE.—Southern Ohio and adjacent West Virginia and Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes shoupi Hobbs

FIGURE 129

Cambarus propinkuus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [in part; erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinquus sanborni.—Fleming [not Faxon], 1939: 305 [in part], pl. 14.

Orconectes shoupi Hobbs, 1948a: 14, figs. 1–5, 9, 15, 16, 19, 20.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) shoupi.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius shoupi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 84072 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mill Creek, tributary of Cumberland River, east of Oglesby near Antioch Pike, 10 miles south of Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes sloanii (Bundy)

FIGURE 112

Cambarus sloanii Bundy, 1876:24.

Cambarus Sloanii.—Faxon, 1885a:89, pl. 4: fig. 5; pl. 10: figs. 1, 1′, 1a, 1a′.

Cambarus sloanei.—Ortmann, 1902:278 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) sloanei.—Ortmann, 1905c: 107 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius sloanii.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) sloanii.—Creaser, 1933b: 21 [by implication].

Cambarus sloani.—Rhoades, 1941a:93.

Orconectes sloani.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1948a: 20.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) sloani.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication]; 1959:894.

Orconectes sloanii.—Eberly, 1955:281.

Orconectes sloanei.—Eberly, 1958:2 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3806 (art I, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—New Albany, Floyd County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Indiana and southwestern Ohio.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes spinosus (Bundy)

FIGURE 146

Cambarus spinosus Bundy, 1877:173.—Faxon, 1885a: 115, pl. 9: figs. 7, 7′, 7a, 7a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) spinosus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Ortmann, 1931:84 [in part].

Orconectes spinosus.—Hobbs, 1944:340; 1972b:87, figs. 68b,g, 69d.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3540 (2 art II, 2 art), MCZ 3541 (artII, art), USNM 19779 (3 art II, 2 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Etowah, Oostanaula, and Coosa rivers, in the vicinity of Rome, Floyd County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Stream tributaries of the Coosa, Kanawha (?), and Tennessee rivers in Alabama, Georgia, eastern Tennessee, Virginia (?), and West Virginia (?). The limits of the ranges of O. spinosus and the closely related O. juvenilis and O. putnami have not been determined.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Following Ortmann (1931) this species has been largely relegated to synonomy with O. juvenilis (Hagen). Not until 1972 was it proposed that it again be accorded specific status.

Orconectes transfuga Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 152

Orconectes transfuga Fitzpatrick, 1966b: 178, figs. A–T.

Orconectes transfugus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 114763 (art I. art), and morphotype, USNM 114762 (artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rogue River, 6 miles upstream from Grants Pass, Jackson County, Oregon.

RANGE.—Only two localities known, both in Rogue River drainage in Jackson County, Oregon.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes tricuspis Rhoades

FIGURE 126

Orconectes tricuspis Rhoades, 1944a: 117, fig. 2A–F.—Hobbs, 1948a:20.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) tricuspis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius tricuspis—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (latter designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81307, 81309, 81308 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, ANSP, MCZ, RR.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Pete Lights' spring, 3 miles east of Canton, Trigg County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Cumberland drainage in Lyon, Trigg, and Christian counties, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Small streams.

Orconectes validus (Faxon)

FIGURE 168

Cambarus validus Faxon, 1914:382, pl. 7: figs. 3, 4, 8; pl. 13: fig. 1.

Faxonius validus—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) validus.—Creascr, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Cambarus validus Faxonianus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [not validus Faxon; see O. rhoadesi].

Orconectes validus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) validus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 301 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee drainage below Walden Gorge in Alabama and southern Tennessee, and upper Black Warrior and Tombigbee drainages in Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes virginiensis Hobbs

FIGURE 120

Orconectes virginiensis Hobbs, 1951a:122, figs. 1–10.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:131, 164, figs. 2–18, 26.

Orconectes (Orconectes) virginiensis.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius virginiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes virginianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:133 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 91659, 91660, 91661 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rowanty Creek, tributary of the Nottoway River, 3.3 miles south of Reams Station on U.S. Highway 301, Dinwiddie County, Virginia.

RANGE.—Chowan drainage system in North Carolina and Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes virilis (Hagen)

FIGURE 162

Cambarus virilis Hagen, 1870:63, pl. 1: figs. 23–28; pl. 2: figs. 128–132; pl. 3: fig. 155; pl. 8.

Cambarus debilis Bundy, 1876:24. [Type, MCZ 3449 (artII). Type-locality, Barraboo River, Ironton, Sauk County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus wisconsinensis Bundy, 1876:4. [Type, MCZ 3448 (artII). Type-locality, Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus couesi Streets, 1877:803. [Syntypes, USNM 3154 (7 art I. 3artjuv., 5 artjuv.), MCZ 3545 (artI, art, artII). Type-locality, Red River of the North, near Pembina, Pembina County, North Dakota.]

Cambarus viriles.—Bundy, 1882:180 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus viridis.—Moenkhaus, 1904:17 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) virilis.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.—Creaser, 1932:326, figs. 1, 2, 8.

Faxonius virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) virilis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Hobbs, 1942a: 352 [by implication]; 1972b: 91, figs. 72h, 73e.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) virilis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconnectes virilis.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus virilus.—Hama, 1961:329 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus viridis.—Bacescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Cambarus) virilis.—Mason, 1970b:975.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 194 (art I, artII, 4 art, 2 art ovig.), MCZ 196 (7 art I 3 art II, 3 art, art juv., artjuv.), MCZ 203 (artII, 3art), MCZ 1151 (artI), MCZ 3342 (artI, 5 art II, art, 2artjuv., artjuv.), MCZ 3343 (4 artI, art), MCZ 3344 (art II, 2art, art juv., 3 artjuv.), MHNP, Würzburg Mus., AMS.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Lake Superior,” restricted by Faxon (1914:420).

RANGE.—From Saskatchewan to Ontario, Canada, and from Montana and Wyoming to New York and southwestern Maine. Introduced into California (Riegel, 1959:29, 37), Maryland (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28), parts of New England, and Tennessee (R. W. Bouchard, personal communication).

HABITAT.—Lakes and streams.

Orconectes williamsi Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 154

Orconectes williamsi Fitzpatrick, 1966a: 145, figs. 1–10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115520, 115521, 115522 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, OSM, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—White River, 2.8 miles east of Pettigrew, Madison County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Three localities in headwaters of the White River in Madison County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Pools in small streams.

Orconectes wrighti Hobbs

FIGURE 104

Orconectes wrighti Hobbs, 1948c:85, pl. 3: figs. 1–9.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) wrighti.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius wrighti.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 85144 (artI); allotype and morphotype, USNM 85145 (art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Robinson Creek on State Route 57, Hardin County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from Hardin County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Procambarus Ortmann

Astacus.—Harlan, 1830:464.

Camborus Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905c:96. [Proposed as typical subgenus of Cambarus for which Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464, was designated type-species.]

Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d:437. [Type-species by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:340), Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus and elevated to generic rank by Hobbs, 1942a:34I.]

Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a:1. [Type-species by monotypy, Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, elevated to generic rank by Hobbs, 1942a:344, and reduced to subgenus of Procambarus by Hobbs, 1972a: 10.]

Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341. [Replacement name for Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus. Utilized as generic name by Rhoades, 1944a: 114.]

Cambarellus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [lapsus calami].

procambarus.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs

Acucauda Hobbs, 1972a:5. [Type-species by original designation, Procambarus fitzpatricki Hobbs, 1971a:461. Gender: feminine.]

Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki Hobbs

FIGURE 170

Cambarus (Paracambarus) harnedi Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus fitzpatricki Hobbs, 1971a:46I, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki.—Hobbs, 1972a:5, figs. 1l, 2a, 4a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131205, 131206, 131207 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at junction of State Route 67 and Woolmarket Road, just north of D'Iberville, Harrison County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Southern Mississippi between the Wolf and Pascagoula rivers.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary or secondary burrower).

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs

Austrocambarus Hobbs, 1972a:5. [Type-species by original designation, Procambarus vazquezae Villalobos, 1954b:328. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorus Villalobos

FIGURE 180

Procambarus acanthophorus Villalobos, 1948:175, pl. 1: figs. 1–10; pl. 2: figs. 1–9.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 90847(035) (artI, art, artII); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Four km east of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, Mexico.

RANGE.—Atlantic drainage in southern Veracruz and Oaxaca, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams and canals.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni (Ortmann)

FIGURE 183

Cambarus (Procambarus) atkinsoni Ortmann, 1913:414.

Procambarus atkinsoni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:346, figs. 40–50.

Procambarus Atkinsoni.—Creaser, 1962:7 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Lectoholotype, lectoallotype, and lectomorphotype, CM 74.924 (art I, art, art II); paralectotypes, CM 74.924, 74.925. Designated by Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:347, 349, 350.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributaries of Río de los Indios, Isla de Pinos, Cuba.

RANCE.—Isla de Pinos, Cuba.

HABITAT.—Streams (?).

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) aztecus (Saussure)

FIGURE 172

Cambarus aztecus Saussure, 1857b:503; 1858:460, figs. 23, 23a, 23b.

Cambarus mexicanus.—[not Erichson.] Most authors from Faxon, 1884, to present [in part].

Procambarus aztecus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) aztecus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 20682 (art I), GM (uncataloged, dry).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Pris à Tomatlán, Dans les Terres Chaudes.” (Veracruz, Mexico.)

RANGE.—Vicinity of Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Specimens described as Procambarus aztecus by Villalobos (1954b:314) are not members of this species and must receive a new name.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis (Erichson)

FIGURE 185

Astacus (Cambarus) Cubensis Erichson, 1846:100.

Cambarus Cubensis.—Girard, 1852:87 [by implication].—Faxon, 1885a:51, pl. 2: fig. 1; pl. 8: figs. 5, 5′, 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus consobrinus Saussure, 1857a: 101. [Syntypes, GM (uncataloged, dry. 2art), specimens formerly in MHNP no longer there, BMNH 1163 (2 art), USNM 20684 (artII). Type-locality, ponds in the central part of Cuba.]

Cambarus (Cambarus) cubensis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) cubensis.—Ortmann, 1905d:438.

Cambarus cubensis cubensis.—Faxon, 1912:458 [by implication].

Cambarus cubensis consobrinus.—Faxon, 1912:458.

Cambarellus cubensis.—Creaser, 1933b):21 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus cubensis cubensis.—Hobbs. 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:319, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus cubensis consobrinus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus consobrinus.—Villalobos, 1954b:303; 1955:160.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—BMNH 4140.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cuba.

RANGE.—Scattered localities throughout Cuba. except in the southwestern mountains.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis (Faxon)

FIGURE 184

Cambarus cubensis rivalis Faxon, 1912:459.

Procambarus cubensis rivalis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:335, figs. 14–24.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 7406 (2 art II, 3 art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—San Diego de los Baños, Province of Pinar del Río, Cuba.

RANGE.—Known only from a few localities in the province of Pinar del Río, Cuba.

HABITAT.—Mountain streams.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi Villalobos

FIGURE 181

Procambarus llamasi Villalobos, 1954b:364, pls. 16, 17.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, artII); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Santa Rita, 47 km east of Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico.

RANGE.—Veracruz to Yucatán, Mexico, and northern Guatemala.

HABITAT.—Small streams and drainage ditches.

Procambarua (Austrocambarus) mexicanas (Erichson)

FIGURE 173

Astacus (Cambarus) mexicanus Erichson, 1846:99.

Astacus mexicanus.—Dana, 1852:522.

Cambarus mexicanus.—Saussure, 1858:461.

Cambarus (Cambarus) mexicanus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) mexicanus.—Ortmann, 1905d:438.

Procambarus mexicanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1954b:307, pls. 1, 2.

Procambarus Mexicanus.—Creaser, 1962:7 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mexicanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Lost, formerly in ZBM. Neoholotype, ANSP 421 (artI); neoallotype and neoparatypes, IBM (Villalobos, 1954b:312).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mexico. Restricted by Villalobos (1954b:312) to “El Mirador de Zacuapan,” 8 km northeast of Huatusco, Veracruz.

RANGE.—Known from a single locality.

HABITAT.—ot reported.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mirandai Villalobos

FIGURE 176

Procambarus mirandai Villalobos, 1954b:355, pls. 13–15.

Procambarus mirandae.—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:313 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mirandai.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cerro Hueco, 4 km southeast of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—“Los ejemplares fueron colectados dentro de una gruta, que es la salida de un río subterráneo.”

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveas Hobbs and Villalobos

FIGURE 186

Procambarus niveus Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:342, figs. 26–39.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES—Holotype and allotype, USNM 109076, 109077 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Cuevas de Santo Tomás, Sierra de los Organos, cerca de Ponce, Pinar del Río, Cuba.”

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 182

Cambarus (Procambarus) pilosimanus Ortmann, 1906a:6, fig. 2.

Procambarus pilosimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1954b:371, pls. 18, 19.

Procambarus pelosimanus.—Creaser, 1962:7 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MHNP (8 art, 6 art), CM 74.678.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Coche, prés de la rivére de Coban, Guatemala.” Probably Río Cahabón at Cobán, Province of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

RANGE.—Guatemala, British Honduras, and Chiapas and Quintana Roo, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic habitats.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriguezi Hobbs

FIGURE 174

Procambarus rodriguezi Hobbs, 1943b:203, pl. 2.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriguezi.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81302 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, IBM, MCZ.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cueva de Ojo de Agua, west-northwest of Hacienda Potrero Viejo, Paraje Nuevo, Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Procanibarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni ruthveni (Pearse)

FIGURE 177

Cambarus ruthveni Pearse, 1911:110, fig. 3.

Procambarus ruthveni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus ruthveni ruthveni.—Villalobos, 1954b:336, pls. 9, 10.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni ruthveni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98348, 98349 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cuatotolapan, Cantón de Acayucan, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from only one additional locality: “San Juan Díaz Covarrubias, 10 Km. SO. de Cuatotolapan, Ver.” (Villalobos, 1954b:344).

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni zapoapensis Villalobos

FIGURE 178

Procambarus ruthveni zapoapensis Villalobos, 1954b:347, pls. 11, 12.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni zapoapensis.—Hobbs, I972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, artII); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Zapoapan de Cabaña, 11 km southeast of Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Small, rocky streams.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae Villalobos

FIGURE 171

Procambarus vazquezae Villalobos, 1954b:328, pls. 7, 8.

Procambarus vasquezae.—Hobbs, 1966b:71 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae.—Hobbs, 1972a:6, figs. 2b, 5a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, artII); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Playa Norte de la Laguna de Catemaco,” Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Under rocks along the shore of Laguna de Catemaco.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus Villalobos

FIGURE 175

Procambarus veracruzanus Villalobos, 1954b:323, pls. 5, 6.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, artII); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Presidio, 30 km southeast of Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico. “Cuenca del río Papaloapan.”

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Stream.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni (Ortmann)

FIGURE 179

Cambarus (Procambarus) williamsoni Ortmann, 1905d:439, figs. 1–3.

Procambarus williamsoni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.560 (artI,art, art II). CM 74.561 (artI, art, artII).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Los Amates, Province of Izabal, four to five miles south of Río Motagua, Guatemala. (Not “Malagua” as recorded by Ortmann.)

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality and from Lago Yojoa, Honduras.

HABITAT.—Unknown.

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs

Capillicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:6. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei Ortmann, 1905b: 401. Gender: masculine].

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei (Ortmann)

FIGURE 187

Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei Ortmann, 1905b:401, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hinei.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus hinei.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Penn, 1955b:63, figs. 1–15.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei.—Hobbs, 1972a:6, figs. 1n, 2c, 6a–g.

TYPES.—Syntypes, OSM 443.1 (artI), 443.2 (art), 444.1 (art), and 444.2 (art), USNM 98355 (artI, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—One-fourth mile from Gulf Beach, near Cameron, Cameron Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Southern Louisiana and southeastern Texas.

HABITAT.—Pools and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis Penn

FIGURE 188

Procambarus incilis Penn, 1962:222, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 106794, 106795, 106796 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—7.5 miles east of Edna, Jackson County, Texas.

RANGE.—Southeastern Texas in Jackson, Matagorda, and Wharton counties.

HABITAT.—Roadside ditches.

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle

Girardiella Lyle, 1938:76. [Type-species by monotypy, Cambarus Hagenianus Faxon, 1884:141. Gender: feminine.]

Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis (Bundy)

FIGURE 193

Cambarus gracilis Bundy, 1876:5.

Cambarus gracillis.—Bundy, 1882:182 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) gracilis.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) gracilis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Girardiella) gracilis.—Lyle, 1938:76 [by implication].

Procambarus gracilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:826, figs. 10–18.

Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis.—Hobbs, 1972a:7, fig. 1k.

TYPES.—Syntypes, Ill. St. Lab. Nat. Hist. (lost), MCZ 3794 (artI, art), MCZ 3454 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Normal, McLean County, Illinois. Here restricted.

RANGE.—Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus (Faxon)

FIGURE 192

Cambarus advena.—Hagen, 1870:86–87 [in part], figs. 90–92, 164. [The description is of hagenianus. The Georgia specimens mentioned are P. pygmaeus and P. advena.]

Cambarus Carolinus.—Hagen [not Erichson], 1870:31.

Cambarus Hagenianus Faxon, 1884:141.

Cambarus hagenianus.—Hay, 1902c:38.—Faxon, 1914:366, pl. 1; pl. 7: figs. 1a–c, 7.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hagenianus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hagenianus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus.—Lyle, 1938: 76.

Procambarus hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7, figs. 2d, 7a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 232 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Given as Charleston, South Carolina, but definitely based on mislabeled specimens.

RANGE.—Central and eastern Mississippi and western Alabama.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans regiomontanus Villalobos

FIGURE 191

Procambarus simulans regiomontanus Villalobos, 1954a:289, pls. 1. 2.

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans regiomontanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Five km north of Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Not recorded.

Procambarus (Girardiella.) simulans simulans (Faxon)

FIGURE 190

Cambarus simulans Faxon, 1884:112.

Cambarus similans.—Ortmann, 1892:12 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus gallinus Cockerell and Porter, 1900:434, fig. 1. [Syntypes, MCZ 7342 (3artII). USNM 23915 (artII, 2 art), 23916 (artI, art), 129197 (2artII, 2art), ANSP 1456 (artI). 1455 (2 art). Type-locality, Gallinas River at Las Vegas, New Mexico.]

Cambarus baumgartneri Harris, 1901b: 115 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus (Cambarus) simulans.—Ortmann, 1905c: 101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) simulans.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus simulans.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus simulans simulans.—Villalobos, 1954a:296.

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans simulans.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3646 (artI, 4 art), MCZ 3647 (23 artII, 30 art, 4artjuv., 5artjuv.), USNM 4150 (artI, 3artII, 5artjuv.), ZIAS 1/44975 (2 art, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Dallas, Texas.

RANGE.—New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas, and Colorado.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (secondary burrower).

REMARKS.—The 3artII syntypes, MCZ 7342, could not be located.

Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei Penn

FIGURE 189

Procambarus tulanei Penn, 1953a: 163, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93655, 93656, 79928 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, TU, La. Polytechnic Inst.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Tributary of Bayou D'Arbonne, 4 miles west of Dubach on State Route 288, Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Ouachita and Red drainage systems in Louisiana and Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs

Hagenides Hobbs, 1972a:7. [Type-species by original designation, Astacus advena LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena (LeConte)

FIGURE 194

Astacus advena LeConte, 1856:402.

Cambarus advena.—Hagen, 1870:87, pl. 3: fig. 164; pl. 7.—Faxon, 1884:140.

Cambarus Carolinus.—Hagen, 1870:87–88 [latter in part], pl. 1: figs. 51–54; pl. 3: fig. 165.

Cambarus (Cambarus) advena.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) advena.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus advena.—Hobbs, 1942a:340.

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3379 (art), ANSP 321 (art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Georgia inferiore.” Here restricted to 2.5 miles west of Riceboro, Liberty County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Lower coastal plain of Georgia, between Savannah and Altamaha rivers.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

REMARKS.—As pointed out by Faxon (1884:140), the descriptions of P. advena and C. Carolinus were transposed in Hagen's monograph, and figures 51–54 and 165 are actually of P. advena.

Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes Hobbs

FIGURE 195

Cambarus advena geodytes Hobbs, 1937:154 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus geodytes.—Hobbs, 1942b:80, figs. 61–65, 276–285.

Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81279 (artI, art); “morphotype,” USNM 81280 (artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, UF (now in USNM).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Orange Springs in the northeastern part of Marion County, Florida.

RANGE.—Along the St. Johns River and its tributaries from Putnam County south to Orange County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus Hobbs

FIGURE 196

Procambarus pygmaeus Hobbs, 1942b:83, figs. 66–70, 296–304.

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81285 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—About 16 miles north of Fargo on State Route 89, Clinch County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Georgia south of the Savannah River and in Gulf, Liberty, Leon, and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotie situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campestris Hobbs

FIGURE 198

Procambarus rogersi campestris Hobbs, 1942b:90, figs. 81–85; 1945a:255, figs. 3, 4, 7, 16, 18, 21, 24.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campesiris.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79384 (artI, art artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—About 12 miles south of Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida (Sec. 16–17, T. 2 S., R. 2 W.).

RANGE.—Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus Hobbs and Hart

FIGURE 199

Procambarus rogersi expletus Hobbs and Hart, 1959:179, figs. 27–39.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 102125, 102127, 102126 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Seepage slope, 0.9 mile north of Clarksville, Calhoun County, Florida, on State Route 73.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis Hobbs

FIGURE 197

Procambarus rogersi ochlocknensis Hobbs, 1942b:89, figs. 76–80; 1945a:252, figs. 1, 10, 11, 13, 15, 19, 20, 26.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79383 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—7.3 miles west of Quincy, on U.S. Highway 90, Gadsden County, Florida.

RANGE.—Gadsden and Liberty counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 200

Cambarus rogersi Hobbs, 1938a:62, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus rogersi.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Procambarus rogersi rogersi.—Hobbs, 1942b:89, figs. 71–75.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 75120, 75121, 75589 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Flatwoods, 4 miles north of Blountstown on State Route 71, Calhoun County, Florida.

RANGE.—Eastern Calhoun County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus Hobbs

FIGURE 201

Procambarus truculentus Hobbs, 1954:111, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus Truculentus.—Hobbs, 1954:111.

Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95670, 95671, 95672 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—SSeepage area 11 miles north of Lyons, Emanuel County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Between the Altamaha and Savannah rivers in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs

Leconticambarus Hobbs, 1972a:7. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni (Faxon)

FIGURE 202

Cambarus Alleni Faxon, 1884:110; 1885a:35, pl. 1: fig. 1; pl. 8: figs. 2, 2′

Cambarus alleni.—Faxon, 1890:619.

Cambarus (Cambarus) alleni.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) alleni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus alleni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:69, figs. 51–55.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3531 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—St. Johns River, Hawkinsville (1 mile upstream from bridge at Crow's Bluff, between Eustis and Deland), Lake County, Florida.

RANGE.—East of St. Johns River and all of peninsular Florida south of Levy and Marion counties.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae Hobbs

FIGURE 206

Procambarus apalachicolae Hobbs, 1942b:55, figs. 26–30, 256–265.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81272 (art I, art); “morphotype,” USNM 81273 (art11); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 11.1 miles west of Beacon Hill on U.S. Highway 98, Bay County, Florida.

RANGE.—Coastal flatwoods in Bay and Gulf counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus (Faxon)

FIGURE 204

Astacus penicillatus LeConte (not Astacus penicillatus Olivier, 1791), 1856:401.

Cambarus penicillatus.—Hagen, 1870:16, 53, figs. 93, 94 (not 95 and 96, which are P. ancylus), 149.

Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621 [in part].

Cambarus (Cambarus) barbatus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) barbatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus barbatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:39, figs. 1–5.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:8, figs. 1m, 2f, 9a–g.

TYPE.—Neotype of A. penicillatus LeConte, MCZ 279 (art I), here designated. Specimens from the Escambia River at Flomaton cited by Faxon (1890) and listed as paratypes by him (1914:414) are paratypes of Procambarus escambiensis Hobbs.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Habitat in fossis Georgiae inferioris” (LeConte, 1856:401). Here restricted to 2.5 miles west of Riceboro, Liberty County, Georgia, in pine flatwoods.

RANGE.—In the coastal plain, from north of the Altamaha River in Georgia to the Edisto River in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

REMARKS.—The type of LeConte's Astacus penicillatus is no longer extant. Inasmuch as Hagen (1870) and Faxon (1884, 1885a, 1890, and 1914) confused other species with it, and, in the latter work, Faxon included members of two species in his type-series of C. barbatus (= A. penicillatus), his “Type” is here designated the neotype of LeConte's A. penicillatus to establish the identity of the la latter's species.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus Hobbs

FIGURE 211

Procambarus capillatus Hobbs, 1971b:83, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131454, 131455, 131456 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Drainage ditch adjacent to Burnt Corn Creek (Escambia River drainage) on State Route 41 northwest of Brewton, Escambia County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Escambia River basin in Conecuh and Escambia counties, Alabama, and perhaps Escambia County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae Hobbs

FIGURE 207

Procambarus econfinae Hobbs, 1942b:49, figs. 16–20, 236–245.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae.—Hobbs. 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81276 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Flatwoods in the northern part of Panama City, Bay County, Florida.

RANGE.—Environs of Panama City, Bay County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Flatwoods, in ditches and temporary ponds (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis Hobbs

FIGURE 208

Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621 [in part].—Faxon, 1914: 414 [in part].

Procambarus escambiensis Hobbs, 1942b:46, figs. 11–15, 226–235.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis.—Hobbs, 1972a: 8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 81278 (art I, art), and “morphotype,” USNM 81277 (art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—About 100 yards east of Perdido River on U.S. Highway 90, Escambia County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from the type-locality and from the Escambia River floodplain at Flomaton, Escambia County, Alabama; reported from the latter locality as Cambarus barbatus by Faxon (1890) and listed as paratypes of C. barbatus [=Procambarus barbatus] by him (1914).

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water in flatwoods and floodplains (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) hubbelli (Hobbs)

FIGURE 213

Cambarus hubbelli Hobbs, 1938b:90 [nomen nudum; validated by Hobbs, 1940a:406, fig. 19.]

Procambarut hubbelli.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) hubbelli.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 76593 (art I, art); “morphotype,” USNM 79351 (art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, Chas. M.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—One mile east of Bonifay on U.S. Highway 90, Holmes County, Florida.

RANGE.—Choctawhatchee River drainage in Alabama and Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 212

Cambarus kilbyi Hobbs, 1940a:410, fig. 20.

Procambarus kilbyi.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76594 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Seven miles northwest of Blountstown on State Route 71, Calhoun County, Florida.

RANGE.—Coastal flatwoods from Calhoun and Gulf counties east and south to Levy County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum Hobbs

FIGURE 205

Procambarus latipleurum Hobbs, 942b:52, figs. 21–255.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81281 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, UF (now in USNM).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—5.8 miles west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22, Gulf County, Florida.

RANGE.—Gulf County, Florida, north of the Wetappo Canal.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri Hobbs

FIGURE 203

Procambarus milleri Hobbs, 1971c: 115, figs. 1—11, 16.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype and morphotype, USNM 131257, 131258 (art I, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Well at Little Bird Nursery and Garden Store at 8427 Bird Road, Miami, Dade County, Florida (Sec. 15, T. 54 S., R. 40 E.).

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae Hebte

FIGURE 209

Procambarus pubischelae Hobbs, 1942b:41, figs. 6–10, 216–225.

Procambarus pubischaelae.—Villalobos, 1955:38 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81284 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cypress ponds and roadside ditch 9.4 miles north of Lake City on U.S. Highway 441, Columbia County, Florida.

RANGE.—From the Altamaha River in Georgia south to Alachua County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae (Hobbs)

FIGURE 210

Cambarus rathbunae Hobbs, 1940a:414, fig. 21.

Procambarus rathbunae.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76595 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Near the Yellow River at Milligan, Okaloosa County, Florida, at the intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and State Route 4.

RANGE.—Okaloosa and Holmes counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani Hobbs

FIGURE 214

Procambarus shermani Hobbs, 1942b:61, figs. 36–40, 266–275.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani.—Hobbs, 1972a:8.

TYPES.—Holotype and “morphotype,” USNM 81287 (art I, art II); allotype, USNM 81288 (art): paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—About 12 miles southwest of Jay, Santa Rosa County, Florida, in the Escambia River swamp along McCaskill’s Mill Creek.

RANGE.—Escambia River drainage in Florida, Pearl River County, Mississippi, and St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams and sloughs.

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs

Lonnbergius Hobbs, 1972a:8. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus acherontis Lönnberg, 1895:6. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis (Lönnberg)

FIGURE 215

Cambarus acherontis Lönnberg, 1895:6, figs. 1–5b.—Hobbs, 1940a:390, fig. 15a–k.

Cambarus (Cambarus) acherontis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) acherontis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus acherontis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis.—Hobbs, 1972a:8, figs. 2g, 10a–g.

TYPE.—Holotype, ZIAS 1/4412 (1 specimen).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Subterranean rivulet about 42 feet from surface, Lake Brantley, Seminole County, Florida.

RANGE.—Only one additional locality known: Palm Springs, near Sanlando Springs, Seminole County, Florida.

HABITAT.–Springs and underground streams.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1940a:393), endeavoring to clarify the confusion engendered by Faxon as to the identity of the species (see P. lucifugus lucifugas) and believing that both of Lönnberg's types were lost, designated neotypes from the Palm Springs locality. Dr. Y. Starobogatov kindly has informed me that one of these specimens is still extant (see above); thus, the neotype designation should be rejected.

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs

Mexicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:8. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri Ortmann, 1909: 159. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri (Ortmann)

FIGURE 216

Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri Ortmann, 1909:159, figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) bouvieri.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus bouvieri.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1946:224, pl. 2: figs. 1–12

Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri.—Hobbs, 1972a:9, figs. 2h, 11a–g.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MHNP (2 art I, art), CM 74.864 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico.

RANGE.—Two localities in the vicinity of Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler

Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341. [Type-species by original designation, Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464. Gender: masculine. Ortmannicus is a replacement name for Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus, 1905c:97.]

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus (Girard)

FIGURE 246

Cambarus acutissimus Girard, 1852:91.

Cambarus acutus [in part].—Many authors prior to 1942.

Cambarus blandingii acutus [in part].—Most authors prior to 1942.

Procambarus blandingii acutus [in part].—Most authors from 1942 to 1955.

Procambarus acutissimus.—Hobbs, 1942a:S42 [by implication]; 1955a:98; 1962a:286, fig. 51.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—ANSP 309 (2 art II).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Affluent of Mobile River, Kemper County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Tombigbee, Alabama, and Choctawhatchee drainages in east-central Mississippi and west-central Alabama.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams, ponds, and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus (Girard)

FIGURE 240

Cambarus blandingii [in part].—Most authors from 1852 to Cambarus acutus Girard, 1852:91. 1962.

Cambarus blandingii blandingii [in part].—Most authors from 1852 to 1942.

Cambarus acutus var. A.—Hagen, 1870:36.

Cambarus acutus var. b.—Hagen, 1870:36.

Cambarus stygius Bundy, 1876:3. [Type not extant. Type-locality, Lake Michigan at Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus Blandingii var. acula.—Faxon, 1884:136; 1885a:20, pl. 7: figs. 2, 2′, 2″, 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus blandingii acutus.—Faxon, 1890:619.

Camborus blandingii acutus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus blandingi acutus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 105.

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi acutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:126 [by implication].

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii acutus.—Fowler, 1912: 341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingii acutus.—Fleming, 1938:301.

Procambarus blandingii acutus.—Hobbs, 1942a:34S [by implication].

Procambarus blandingii blandingii [in part]—Most authors from 1942 to 1962.

Ortmannicus blandingii acutus.—Rhoades, 1944a: 114.

Cambarus blandingi acutis.—Roberts, 1944:364 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus acutus acutus.—Hobbs, 1967a: 130.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Lost in Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:413).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—From an affluent of Mobile River in Kemper County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Coastal plain and piedmont from Maine to Georgia, from Florida panhandle to Texas, and from Minnesota to Ohio; intergrades with cuevachicae in southwestern Texas and northern Mexico.

HABITAT.—Sluggish to moderately flowing streams and most lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae (Hobbs)

FIGURE 241

Cambarus blandingii cuevachicae Hobbs, 1941a:l, fig. 1.

Procambarus blandingii cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.—Villalobos, 1955:70, pl. 13: figs. 1–7; pl. 14: figs. 1–6.

Procambarus acutus cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1966b:70.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 80030 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, PM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—La Cueva Chica, a limestone cave about 1 mile northeast of Pujal, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Four localities in the states of San Luis Potosí and Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Subterranean and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus Hobbs

FIGURE 233

Cambarus penicillatus.—Hagen, 1870:54 [in part], figs. 95, 96.

Procambarus ancylus Hobbs, 1958a: 164, figs. 13–24.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115050 (artI, 2. artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Summerville, Dorchester County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Bladen, Brunswick, and Columbus counties, North Carolina, south to Lexington, Richland, and Colleton counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus (LeConte)

FIGURE 226

Astacus angustatus LeConte, 1856:401.

Cambarus angustatus.—Hagen, 1870:50, figs. 65–67, 146.

Cambarus (Cambarus) angustatus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication.]

Procambarus angustatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPE.—Holotype, ANSP 444 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Georgia inferiore, in aquae purae rivulos qui inter colliculos arenosos (Sandhills) currunt.”

RANGE.—Known from the type-specimens only. Repeated searches for this species in Georgia have been unsuccessful.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) bivittatus Hobbs

FIGURE 255

Procambarus bivittatus Hobbs, 1942b:96, figs. 96–100, 305–314.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) bivittatus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 81274 (art I); allotype and “morphotype,” USNM 81275 (art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Sloughs along Escambia River on State Route 62, Escambia County, Florida.

RANGE.—Escambia River drainage in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, Florida, to the Pearl River drainage in St. Tammany and Washington parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams and sloughs.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii (Harlan)

FIGURE 239

Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464.

Astacus (Cambarus) Blandingii.—Erichson, 1846:98.

Cambarus Blandingii.—Girard, 1852:91.

Cambarus Blandingii var. Blandingii.—Faxon, 1884:136 [by implication].

Cambarus blandingii blandingii.—Faxon, 1890:619 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi blandingi.—Ortmann, 1905c: 126 [by implication].

Cambarus blandingi-typicus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 105.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Procambarus blandingii blandingii.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus blandingii.—Hobbs, 1967a: 130.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii.—Hobbs, 1972a:9, figs. 2i, 12a–g.

TYPE.—Holotype, ANSP 4177 (artI).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Camden, Kershaw County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—From the Santee River to the Pee Dee River system in South Carolina and southern North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi Villalobos

FIGURE 257

Procambarus caballeroi Villalobos, 1944b: 175, pls. 1, 2.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 50040 (004) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Riachuelos del Sur de Villa Juárez,” Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) chacei Hobbs

FIGURE 219

Procambarus chacei Hobbs, 1958b:5, pl. 2: figs. 14–26.

Procambarus sp. A.—Hobbs, 1958c:72, 76, 77, 79, 83–86, 90.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) chacei.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101289, 101290, 101291 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, IBM, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cedar Creek, 3 miles east of Lykes, Richland County, South Carolina, on U.S. Highway 76.

RANGE.—From the Wateree River in South Carolina south to the Canoochee River in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum Hobbs

FIGURE 218

Procambarus enoplosternum Hobbs, 1947a:5, figs. 2, 5, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 25–25, 32.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82263 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Rocky Creek, 6 miles south of Lyons on U.S. Highway 1, Toombs County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Lower Oconee and Ohoopee drainages in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1947a: 14) erred in his explanation of the illustrations of this species: figure 14 (not 13) represents the basipodites and ischiopodites of the fourth and third pereiopods of P. enoplosternum.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus Hobbs

FIGURE 220

Procambarus epicyrtus Hobbs, 1958b:l, pl. 1: figs. 1–13.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101286, 101287, 101288 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, IBM, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—South Ogeechee Creek, 6.8 miles south of Sylvania on U.S. Highway 306, Screven County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ogeechee and Oconee rivers in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni (Faxon)

FIGURE 237

Cambarus evermanni Faxon, 1890:620.

Cambarus (Cambarus) evermanni.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus evermanni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b: 107, figs. 111–115.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3834 (art I).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Escambia River at Flomaton, Escambia County, Alabama.

RANGE.—In addition to the type-locality, known from Santa Rosa and Escambia counties, Florida, to Jackson County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams. Specimen from Mississippi dug from simple burrows in drying creek bed.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax (Hagen)

FIGURE 235

Cambarus fallax Hagen, 1870:45, figs. 103–105.

Cambarus (Cambarus) fallax.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus fallax.—Hobbs, I942a:S42 [by implication]; 1942b:111, figs. 116–120.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3526 (art I, art II), BSNH (artII, art), USNM 63294 (art II, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Florida. Here restricted to St. Johns River at Welaka, Putnam County, Florida.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Satilla River, Georgia, southward through peninsular Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus Villalobos

FIGURE 260

Procambarus gonopodocristatus Villalobos, 1958:279, pls. 1–3.

Procambarus (Ortmatmicus) gonopodocristatus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, AMNH.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Paso Largo, 16 km northeast of Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Only one other locality known— “María de la Torre, km. 406 de la carretera Martínez de la Torre, Nautla,” Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmatmicus) hayi (Faxon)

FIGURE 244

Cambarus hayi Faxon, 1884:108.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hayi.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus hayi.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3533 ( art I, 2 art II, art, artjuv.), USNM 19751 (art II), 19752 (artII, art), 21850 (2 art I, art).

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Macon, Noxubee County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tombigbee and Tallahatchie rivers in Alabama and Mississippi, and Hatchie drainage in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus Hobbs

FIGURE 224

Procambarus hirsutus Hobbs, 1958a: 160, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus sp. B.—Hobbs, 1958c: 72, 76, 77, 79, 84, 86, 90.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101148, 101150, 101149 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, TU, Chas. M., USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Salkehatchie River, 1.9 miles south of Barnwell, Barnwell County, South Carolina, on State Route 3.

RANGE.—Edisto, Salkehatchie, and Savannah drainage systems in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) horsti Hobbs and Means

FIGURE 230

Procambarus horsti Hobbs and Means, 1972:301, fig. 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132043, 132044, 132045 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Big Blue Springs (tributary to the Wacissa River), 2.2 miles south of the crossroads in the town of Wacissa, Jefferson County, Florida (SE¼NW¼ sec. 12, T. 2 S., R. 3 E.).

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 249

Procambarus hybus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:39, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99581, 99582, 99583 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 1.7 miles north of Boligee, Greene County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tombigbee drainage in Alabama and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) jaculus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 248

Procambarus jaculus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:48, figs. 24–34—Walls and Black, 1967:60.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) jaculus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99584, 99585, 99586 (artI, art, art II); paratype, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 1 mile west of Scott-Rankin county line on U.S. Highway 80, Rankin County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Hinds, Rankin, and Scott counties, Mississippi, and Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Temporary lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei (Hagen)

FIGURE 243

Cambarus LeContei Hagen, 1870:47, figs. 15–18, 145.

Cambarus Lecontei.—Faxon, 1884:110.

Cambarus lecontei.—Hay, 1899b:959.

Cambarus (Cambarus) lecontei.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus lecontei.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1952a:210, fig. 81.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 217 ( art I, 7 art, 2 art II), USNM 4958 (art I), AMS (lost), MHNP ( art I, art), Wiirzburg Mus.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Mobile County, Alabama, and Stone County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis Hobbs

FIGURE 236

Procambarus leonensis Hobbs, 1942b: 114, figs. 121–125; 1943a:49, figs. 1, 6, 7, 10, 12–14, 16, 17, 22, 26, 29, 31.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81091 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, ANSP.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Sinkhole pond, 3 miles southwest of Tallahassee on State Route 20, Leon County, Florida. (Now beneath runway at airport.)

RANGE.—Between the Apalachicola and Suwannee rivers, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus Hobbs

FIGURE 222

Procambarus lepidodactylus Hobbs, 1947b:25, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 84198 (artI, art); morphotype, USNM 84199 (artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Juniper Creek, 1 mile southwest of Patrick on U.S. Highway I, Chesterfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Santee and Pee Dee drainage systems in eastern South Carolina and Columbus County, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 254

Procambarus lewisi Hobbs and Walton, 1959:39, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 102467, 102468, 102469 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 18.8 miles east of Montgomery on U.S. Highway 80, Macon County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Barbour, Lowndes, Macon, and Montgomery counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum Hobbs

FIGURE 221

Procambarus litosternum Hobbs, 1947a:9, figs. 3, 4, 9, 11, 13, 16, 19, 21, 26, 29, 30.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82261 (art I. art. art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Stream 5 miles northeast of Swainsboro on U.S. Highway 25, Emanuel County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Canoochee, Ogeechee, and Newport rivers in Bulloch, Jenkins, Emanuel, and Liberty counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1947a: 14) erred in his explanation of the illustrations of this species: figure 13 (not 15) represents the lateral view of the first pleopod of male, form I, of P. litosternum.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 245

Procambarus lophotus Hobbs and Walton, 1960:123, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 104404, 104405, 104406, (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 3.4 miles northeast of Haynesville on State Route 111, Lowndes County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Alabama drainage system from Clarke County, Alabama, to Gordon and Catoosa counties, Georgia, and in the Tennessee drainage in Polk County, Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua (Hobbs)

FIGURE 227

Cambarus lucifugus alachua Hobbs, 1940a:402, fig. 18a–l.

Procambarus lucifugus alachua.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76592 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—A small cave, Hog Sink, about 10 miles west of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 24, T. 10 S., R. 18 E.).

RANGE.—Southwestern Alachua and western Gilchrist counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 228

Cambarus acherontis Faxon [not Lönnberg], 1898:645, pl. 62: figs. 1–5.

Cambarus lucifugus lucifugus Hobbs, 1940a:398, figs. 17, 18m,n.

Procambarus lucifugus lucifugus.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 77916, 77917, 77918 ( art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Gum Cave, about 7 miles southwest of Floral City, Citrus County, Florida.

RANGE.—Citrus and Hernando counties northward to Marion County, Florida, where it intergrades with P. lucifugus alachua.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 234

Cambarus lunzi Hobbs, 1940b:3, figs. 1–10.

Procambarus lunzi.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 79301 (artI, ♀).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—1.4 miles southwest of Early Branch on State Route 28, Hampton County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Hampton and Beaufort counties, South Carolina, southward to McIntosh County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary or tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 251

Procambarus mancus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:44, figs. 13–23.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99578, 99579, 99580 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 5 miles south of Meridian, Lauderdale County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known only from Lauderdale and Newton counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) orcinus Hobbs and Means

FIGURE 231

Procambarus orcinus Hobbs and Means, 1972:394, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132031, 132032, 132033 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Gopher Sink, 3.1 miles southwest of Florida Road 61 and 0.2 mile east of Florida Road 369 (SW¼NW¼NE14, sec. 16, T. 2 S., R. 1 W.), Leon County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from four localities in Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidas (Hobbs)

FIGURE 229

Cambarus acherontis.—Hobbs [not Lönnberg], 1937:154.

Cambarus acherontis pallidus Hobbs, 1938b:90 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus pallidus Hobbs, 1940a:394, fig. 16.

Procambarus pallidus.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

procambarus pallidus.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 76591 (artI, art); “morphotype,” USNM 79350 (art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Warren's Cave, 11 miles northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (sec. 13, T. 9 S., R. 18 E.).

RANGE.—Subterranean waters in the northwestern part of Alachua County to Suwannee County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei pearsei (Creaser)

FIGURE 253

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei Creaser, 1934b: 1, figs. 1–3.

Procambarus pearsei.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus pearsei pearsei.—Hobbs and Walton, 1958:7.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei pearsei.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 98336 (artI); allotype, USNM 98337 ( art ); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Pond and ditch on State Route 22, south of Fayetteville, Cumberland County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Cumberland County, North Carolina, south to Horry County, South Carolina, intergrading with P. pearsei plumimanus in Johnston and Pitt counties, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei plumimanus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 252

Procambarus pearsei plumimanus Hobbs and Walton, 1958:8, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei plumimanus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 100940, 100941, 100942 (art I, art, artII): paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 2.2 miles southeast of Havelock on U.S. Highway 70, Craven County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Carteret, Craven, and Duplin counties, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 217

Cambarus pictus Hobbs, 1940a:419, fig. 22.

Procambarus pictus.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76596 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—A small, swift swamp stream, about 2 miles southwest of Green Cove Springs, Clay County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from several small tributaries of Black Creek in Clay County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris Penn

FIGURE 250

Procambarus planirostris Penn, 1953c:71, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95674, 95675, 95676 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, ANSP, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Flatwoods, 1 mile south of Walker on State Route 336, Livingston Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—“Florida” parishes of southeastern Louisiana, and Perry, Pearl River, and Winston counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens (Faxon)

FIGURE 223

Cambarus pubescens Faxon, 1884:109.

Cambarus (Cambarus) pubescens.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus pubescens.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1947a:l, figs. 1, 6–8, 15, 17, 22, 27, 28, 31.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 3181 (— II, art).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—McBean Creek, south of Augusta, Richmond County, Georgia.

RANGE.—In the Oconee, Ogeechee, and Savannah drainage systems in Georgia and South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1947a: 14) erred in his explanations of the illustrations of this species: figure 15 (not figure 14) represents the basipodites and ischiopodites of the fourth and third pereiopods of P. pubescens.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus Hobbs

FIGURE 238

Procambarus pycnogonopodus Hobbs, 1942b: 117, figs. 126–130; 1943a:53, figs. 3, 4, 8, 9, 11, 15, 19–21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81092 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—A roadside excavation and adjoining intermittent stream in flatwoods 5.8 miles west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22, Gulf County, Florida.

RANGE.—From the Apalachicola River westward to the Choctawhatchee River, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae Hobbs

FIGURE 232

Procambarus seminolae Hobbs, 1942b: 142, figs. 166–170, 335–346.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae,—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81286 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, UF (now in USNM).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside excavation about 9 miles northeast of Gainesville on State Route 24, Alachua County, Florida.

RANGE.—From the Altamaha River drainage in Georgia to Marion County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (secondary or tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus Hobbs

FIGURE 242

Procambarus texanus Hobbs, 1971b:87, fig. 2.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131457, 131458, 131459 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Fish hatchery near Smithville, Bastrop County, Texas.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Ponds.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae Hobbs

FIGURE 259

Procambarus toltecae Hobbs, 1943b: 198, figs. 1–14.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81301 ( art I, art ); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Puente de Xilitla (not Palitla as previously recorded), small stream 8 km north of Tomazunchale, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Southern Tamaulipas and southeastern San Luis Potosí.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) verrucosus Hobbs

FIGURE 247

Procambarus verrucosus Hobbs, 1952a:212, fig. 82.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) verrucosus—Fobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90743 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary of Calebea Creek, 3.9 miles south of Tuskegee, Macon County, Alabama, on U.S. Highway 29.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tallapoosa and Chattahoochee rivers in southeastern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis (Faxon)

FIGURE 256

Cambarus viaeviridis Faxon, 1914:370, pl. 5.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) viae viridis.—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus viaeviridis.—Ghobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus viaeviridis.—Penn, 1959:5.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 7336 n(2 art I, 2 art II, 6art).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—St. Francis River, Greenway, Clay County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Green and Clay counties, Arkansas, to Tuscaloosa County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi Hobbs

FIGURE 258

Procambarus villalobosi Hobbs, 1969a:41, pl. 1: figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Hoiotype and allotype, USNM 118644 and 118645 (art I, art).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Cueva del Agua, 75 km east of Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi Hobbs

FIGURE 225

Procambarus youngi Hobbs, 1942b:131, figs. 146–150, 325–334.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81289 (artI, art); “morphotype,” USNM 81290 (artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Guard House Branch, about 1 mile west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22, Gulf County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from the type-locality; Wetappo Creek, 6.4 miles east of Bay County line on State Route 22; and St. Marks River in Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann

Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a: 1. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii (Villalobos)

FIGURE 261

Paracambarus ortmannii Villalobos, 1949:331, pl. I: figs. 1–7; pl. 2: figs. 1–7.

Paracambarus ortmanni.—Villalobos, 1953:346.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmanni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii [original genitive].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 2–1149-1a(OF6) (art I, art, artII); paratype, IBM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—“Los Estajos, 6 km NE de Zihuateutla, Pue. en un pequeño arroyito que corre por el lado derecho del camino que va al rancho El Mirador,” Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—stream.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 262

Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3, fig. 1.

Paracambarus paradoxus.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.—Villalobos, 1947a:233, pl. 1: pl. 3: figs. 1–4.

Procambarus Paradoxus.—Creaser, 1962:7 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10, figs. 2j, 13a–g.

TYPES.—Syntypes, ANSP 5358 (3 specimens), MHNP (25+ specimens), CM 74.677, MCZ 6955 (artI artII art).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tetela de Ocampo y La Canada, 35 km northeast of Zacapoaxtla, Estado de Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the area of the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs

Pennides Hobbs, 1972a: 10. [Type-species by original designation, Procambarus natchitochae Penn, 1953d:5. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus Penn

FIGURE 265

Procambarus ablusus Penn, 1963:121, figs. 1–10.

Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 108200, 108202, 108201 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, TU.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Hatchie River, 12.1 miles east of Ripley on State Route 4, Tippah County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Hatchie River system in Hardeman County, Tennessee, and Alcorn and Tippah counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi Penn

FIGURE 270

Procambarus dupratzi Penn, 1953d:1, figs. 1–7, 10–14.

Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93652, 93653, 93654 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, AMNH, ANSP, MCZ, CM, TU.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Attoyac Bayou, 5.6 miles southwest of Timpson on U.S. Highway 59, Shelby County, Texas.

RANGE.—Drainage systems of the Trinity, Red, Neches, Sabine, and Calcasieu rivers in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus Hobbs

FIGURE 269

Procambarus echinatus Hobbs, 1956a: 117, figs. 1–17.

Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99180, 99181, 99182 (art I, art, art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Salkehatchie River, 1.9 miles south of Barnwell on State Route 3, Barnwell County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Salkehatchie and Edisto drainage systems in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) elegans Hobbs

FIGURE 266

Procambarus elegans Hobbs, 1969c:329, figs. 1–11, 24, 25.

Procambarus (Pennides) elegans.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129892, 129893, 115838 (art I, art, artII); paratype, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Spillway from Corney Lake, an impounded tributary of the Ouachita River, Claiborne Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Ouachita drainage system in Claiborne and Union parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus Hobbs

FIGURE 275

Procambarus gibbus Hobbs, 1969c:337, figs. 12–23.

Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129804, 129803, 129805 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary to Muckalee Creek (Flint River drainage), 3.2 miles north of Americus on U.S. Highway 19, Sumter County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Flint River drainage system in Crawford, Lee, Schley, and Sumter counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe Black

FIGURE 273

Procambarus lagniappe Black, 1968:5, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 119088, 119089, 119090 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, TU, J. B. Black.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Pawticfaw Creek (tributary to Sucarnoochee Creek, tributary to Tombigbee River), 6.0 miles south of De Kalb, Kemper County, Mississippi, on State Route 39.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tombigbee River in Kemper County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) lylei Fitzpatrick and Hobbs

FIGURE 268

Procambarus lylei Fitzpatrick and Hobbs, 1971:95, figs. 1–14.

Procambarus (Pennides) lylei.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131533, 131534, 131535 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Shutispear Creek, 2.7 miles south of State Route 8 on State Route 9, Calhoun County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known from only two localities in the Yalobusha River drainage in Calhoun County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae Penn

FIGURE 264

Procambarus natchitochae Penn, 1953d:5, figs. 8, 9, 15–19.

Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10, figs. 2k, 14a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93649, 93650, 93651, (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, AMNH, ANSP, TU.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary of Spring Creek at Melder, on State Route 85, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Tributaries of Bayou Teche, Red, and Calcasieu rivers in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae Penn

FIGURE 276

Procambarus ouachitae Penn, 1956:109, figs. 1–17.

Procambarus quachitae.—Penn, 1956:113 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus ouichitae.—Hobbs, 1968b:K26 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99222, 99223, 99224 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM, ANSP, AMNH, CM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary of the South Fork of the Saline River, 2.4 miles north of U.S. Highway 70 on a local road 6.5 miles northeast of Hot Spring (7.7 miles south-southwest of Owensville), Garland County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Ouachita and Arkansas river systems in southwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) penni Hobbs

FIGURE 272

Procambarus penni Hobbs, 1951b:27S, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Pennides) penni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 91662, 91663, 91664 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Talisheek Creek, at Talisheek, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Pearl and Pascagoula drainage systems in eastern Louisiana and south-central Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi Hobbs

FIGURE 277

Procambarus raneyi Hobbs, 1953b:412, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95124, 95125, 95126 (artI, art, artII); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—South fork of the Broad River, 1 mile south of Carlton on the Oglethorpe-Madison county line, Georgia.

RANGE.—Savannah River drainage in Georgia and South Carolina and headwaters of the Ocmulgee River in De Kalb County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer (LeConte)

FIGURE 274

Astacus spiculifer LeConte, 1856:401.

Cambarus spiculifer.—Hagen, 1870:48, figs. 59–62, 147.

Cambarus (Cambarus) spiculifer.—Ortmann, 1905c: 101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) spiculifer.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus spiculifer.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b: 119, figs. 131–135.

Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Syntypes, ANSP 316 (art II), MCZ 172 (2 art I, 4art, 2artjuv., 3 artjuv.), MCZ 3376 (art I), USNM 4962 (specimens decayed), MHNP (art I, art).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Athens, Clarke County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Western Alabama eastward to the Altamaha River, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Lotic situations.

Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi Hobbs

FIGURE 263

Procambarus suttkusi Hobbs, 1953a: 173, pl. 9.

Procambarus suttkuzi.—Hobbs, 1968b:Kll [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93730, 93731, 93732 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary of Claybank Creek, 2 miles west of Ozark, Dale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Choctawhatchee drainage system in Alabama and northern Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) versutus (Hagen)

FIGURE 267

Cambarus versutus Hagen, 1870:51, figs. 55–58, 150.

Cambarus (Cambarus) versutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) versutus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus versutus—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]: 1942b:126, figs. 136–140.

Procambarus (Pennides) versutus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES—Syntypes, MCZ 190 (3,art II, art), USNM 4963 (art I), MHNP (2 specimens), AMS (lost).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Spring Hill, Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—From western Alabama to the Apalachicola River in Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai Penn

FIGURE 271

Procambarus vioscai Penn, 1946:27, fig. 1.

Procambarus vioscae.—Williams, 1954:819 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai.—Hobbs, 1972a: 10.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 79925 (art I); allotype, USNM 79931 (art); paratypes, USNM, Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., TU.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Big Creek at Fishville, about 3 miles east of Pollock, Grant Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Red River in Arkansas and Louisiana eastward to the Pascagoula River in Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann

Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d:437. [Type-species by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:340), Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225. Gender: masculine.]

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1942a:341; 1972a: 11) erred in citing himself as having designated the type-species of Procambarus. See above.

Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti (Bouvier)

FIGURE 278

Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225.

Cambarus carinatus Faxon, 1898:648, pl. 63. [Type, USNM 17699 (artI). Type-locality, Guadalajara, Mexico.]

Cambarus (Cambarus) digueti.—Ortmann, 1905c:98, 101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) digueti.—Ortmann, 1905d:438.

Cambarus digniti.—Metcalf, 1929:11 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus digueti.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].— Villalobos, 1946:220, pl. 1.

Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti.—Hobbs, 1972a: 11, figs. 2l, 3a, 15a–g.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 30579 (2 artI, art), MHNP (8art, 68art), CM 74.483.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Affluents of Río Santiago, Jalisco, Mexico.

RANGE.—Pacific slope in states of Jalisco and Michoacán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs

Remoticambarus Hobbs, 1972a: 11. [Type-species by original designation, Procambarus pecki Hobbs, 1967b:2. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki Hobbs

FIGURE 279

Procambarus pecki Hobbs, 1967b:2, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki.—Hobbs, 1972a:11, figs. 2m, 16a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117684, 117685, 117686 (artI, art, art II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—McKinney Pit Cave, about 2.5 miles west of Tuscumbia, Colbert County, Alabama (Sec. 10, T. 4 S., R. 12 W.).

RANGE.—Tennessee drainage system in Colbert, Lauderdale, and Morgan counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams and pools.

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs

Scapulicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:ll. [Type-species by original designation, Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus Faxon, 1914: S69. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii (Girard)

FIGURE 283

Cambarus Clarkii Girard, 1852:91.—Hagen, 1870:59, figs. 7–10, 99, 100, 133, 134, 142, pl. 4.

Cambarus clarkii.—Faxon, 1898:644.

Cambarus (Cambarus) clarki.—Ortmann, 1905c: 102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) clarkii.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus clarkii clarkii.—Faxon, 1914:369 [by implication].

Procambarus clarkii.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1962b:273, figs. 1–9.

Procambarus clarki.—Penn and Hobbs, 1958:466, figs. 2, 21, 36, 49, 65.

Procambarus clarcii.—Unestam, 1969:203 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii.—Hobbs, 1972a:12.

TYPES.—Destroyed in Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:414).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Between San Antonio and El Paso del Norte, Texas.

RANGE.—Northern Mexico to Escambia County, Florida, and north to southern Illinois.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae Hobbs

FIGURE 281

Procambarus howellae Hobbs, 1952b:167, figs. 1, 4, 5, 8–14.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 93158 (art I, art); morphotype, USNM 93159 (art II); paratypes. MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Drainage ditch on campus of Wesleyan College, Rivoli, Bibb County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Lower piedmont and upper coastal plain of Georgia between the Ocmulgee and Ogeechee rivers.

HABITAT.—Lotic and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae Hobbs

FIGURE 282

Procambarus okaloosae Hobbs, 1942b: 100, figs. 101–105, 315–324.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae.—Hobbs, 1972a;12.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 81282 (art I); allotype and “morphotype,“ USNM 81283 (art. artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and State Route 4, Milligan, Okaloosa County, Florida.

RANGE.—Perdido, Escambia, and Yellow drainage systems in Alabama and Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 280

Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus Faxon, 1914:369.

Cambarus clarkipaenensulanus.—Hobbs, 1937:154 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus clarkii paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 104, figs. 106—110.

Cambarus paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12 [erroneous combination].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12, figs. 1e,f, 2n, 3b, 17a–g.

TYPES—Holotype, MCZ 3530 (art II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Three miles below Horse Landing, St. Johns River, Putnam County, Florida.

RANGE.—South Georgia, and Florida east of the Choctawhatchee drainage south to Hillsborough County.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (tertiary).

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes (LeConte)

FIGURE 284

Aslacus troglodytes LeConte, 1856:400.

Aslacus fossarum LeConte, 1856:401. [Syntypes, MCZ 3377 (artI dry), ANSP 314 (art). Type-locality, ditches, lower Georgia.]

Aslacus maniculatus LeConte, 1856:401. [TYPES not extant. Type-locality, ditches, lower Georgia.]

Cambarus troglodytes.—Hagen, 1870:41, figs. 11–14, 141.

Cambarus troglodytus.—Hagen, 1870:33 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) troglodytes.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) troglodytes.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus troglodytes.—Hobbs, 1942a:S42 [by implication].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3375 (art I dry), ANSP 4175 (fragments).

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Rice fields in Georgia.

RANGE.—Between the Altamaha and Pee Dee rivers, in Georgia and South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs

Tenuicambarus Hobbs, 1972a: 12. [Type-species by original designation, Procambarus tenuis Hobbs, 1950b: 194. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis Hobbs

FIGURE 285

Procambarus tenuis Hobbs, 1950b:194, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis.—Hobbs, 1972a:12, figs. 2o, 3d, 18a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90390 (art I, art, artII); paratypes, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Six miles east of Page and just west of Oklahoma state line, Le Flore County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Le Flore, Pushmataha, and Pittsburg counties, Oklahoma, and Montgomery and Polk counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Springs and clear, cold streams.

Subgenus Villalobosus Hobbs

Villalobosus Hobbs, 1972a: 12. [Type-species by original designation, Paracambarus riojae [sic] Villalobos, 1944a: 161. Gender: masculine.]

Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi (Creaser)

FIGURE 289

Cambarus (Cambarus) contrerasi Creaser, 1931a:l, figs. 1–6.

Cambarus contrerasi.—Creaser, 1931a: 1.

Procambarus contrerasi.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.—Villalobos, 1950:373, pls. 2, 3.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi.—Hobbs, 1972a:12.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 98353 (art I); paratype, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—Tributary of the Río Cazones near Agua Fría, 12 miles south of Miahuapan, State of Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Cazones and the Río Tecolutla in the vicinity of Zihuateutla and Agua Fría, Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni Villalobos

FIGURE 288

Procambarus erichsoni Villalobos, 1950:384, pls. 5–7.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 52048 (048) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPES-LOCALITY.—“Arroyos Puendo, Mamay y Bojoy, Tenango de Doria, Hidalgo,” Mexico.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Pantepec (to Río Tuxpan) in the vicinity of Tenango de Doria, Hidalgo, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni (Villalobos)

FIGURE 287

Paracambarus hoffmanni Villalobos, 1944a: 169, pl. 2.

Procambarus hoffmanni.—Villalobos, 1950:411.

Procambarus Hoffmanni.—Hobbs, 1962a:279 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 100043(013) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Vertedor de Demasía de la Presa de Necaxa, Necaxa,” Puebla, Mexico. (Villalobos, 1955:107.)

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Tecolutla and Río Nautla in Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi Villalobos

FIGURE 290

Procambarus hortonhobbsi Villalobos, 1950:402, pis. 10, 11.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 21249(085) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—El Coyular, 7 km northeast of La Unión, Municipio de Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type-locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai (Villalobos)

FIGURE 286

Paracambarus riojae Villalobos, 1944a:161, pl. 1.

Procambarus riojae.—Villalobos, 1950:401.

Procambarus riojai.—Hobbs, 1971d:3.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12, figs. 2p, 3c, 19a–g.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 50045(027) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Huauchinango, Estado de Puebla, riachuelos tributarios del río Necaxa,” Mexico.

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Cazones and Río Tecolutla in Hidalgo and Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis (Villalobos)

FIGURE 292

Paracambarus teziutlanensis Villalobos, 1947a:240, pl. 2: pl. 3: figs. 5–9.

Procambarus teziutlanensis.—Villalobos, 1950:372.

Procambarus tziutlanensis.—Hobbs, 1971d:12 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 121245(029) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—“Chignautla, 5 km al Oriente de Teziutlán, Estado de Puebla,” Mexico.

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Nautla in Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis (Villalobos)

FIGURE 293

Paracambarus tlapacoyanensis Villalobos, 1947b:5S7, pls. 1, 2.

Procambarus tlapacoyanensis.—Villalobos, 1950:372.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 51947(031) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Cañada de Tomata, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Nautla in the vicinity of Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis Villalobos

FIGURE 291

Procambarus zihuateutlensis Villalobos, 1950:394, pls. 8, 9.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 21149(080) (art I, art, art II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Arroyo de Tlatentiloyan, Los Estajos, Municipio de Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Tecolutla in the vicinity of Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Troglocambarus Hobbs

Troglocambarus Hobbs, 1942a:345. [Type-species by original designation, Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs, 1942a:345. Gender: masculine.]

Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs

FIGURE 294

Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs, 1942a:345, pls. 1, 2; 1971c: 122, figs. 17a–g, 19a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79385, 79386, 79387 (áI, 2, artII); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE-LOCALITY.—Squirrel Chimney, a small cave about 11 miles northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 21, T. 9 S., R. 18 E.).

RANGE.—Citrus and Hernando to Alachua counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Literature Cited

Abbott, Charles C.

1873. Notes on the Habits of Certain Crawfish. American Naturalist, 7:80–84.

Adams, Charles C.

1907. The Crawfishes of the Sute of Pennsylvania. [Review.] Science, 25(649):897–901.

Avault, James W., Jr.

1973. Crayfish Farming in the United States. Pages 240–250 in Sture Abrahamsson, editor, Freshwater Crayfish, Papers from the First International Symposium on Freshwater Crayfish, Austria 1972. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Bacescu, Mihai C.

1967. Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Crustacea, Decapoda. Academia Republicii Socialiste Romania, 4(9): 1–353, 141 figures.

Balss, Heinrich

1944. Decapoda, III Morphologischer Teil. Pages 321–480, Textabb. 361–516 in H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs, Band V, Abteilung I, Buch 7, Lieferung 3.

Black, Joe B.

1967. A New Crawfish of the Genus Cambarus from Southwest Louisiana (Decapoda; Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80:173–178, 12 figures.

1968. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 15(1):5–9, 12 figures.

1969. A New Crawfish of the Genus Hobbseus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82(14):193–199, 12 figures.

Bott, Richard

1950. Die Flusskrebse Europas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 483: 36 pages, 25 figures, 6 plates.

Bouchard, Raymond W.

1972. A New Genus of Crayfish from Kentucky and Tennessee (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae). [Abstract.] The ASB Bulletin, 19(2):56.

1973. A New Crayfish of the Subgenus Jugicambarus from Tennessee with an Emended Definition of the Subgenus (Astacidae, Decapoda). American Midland Naturalist, 89(1): 103–111, 1 figure.

Bouvier, E. L.

1897. Sur les Cambarus recueillis au Mexique par M. Diguet. Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, 3(6):224–228.

1940. Faune de France, 37, Décapodes marcheurs. 404 pages, 222 figures, 14 plates. Paris: Paul LeChevalier et Fils.

Brimley, C. S.

1938. The Insects of North Carolina, Being a List of the Insects of North Carolina and Their Close Relatives. 560 pages. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Agriculture.

Brinck, P.

1968. In Opinion 855 of the International Committee on Zoological Nomenclature, Astacus oreganus Randall, 1840 (Crustacea, Decapoda): Suppressed under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 25(2/3):84–85.

Brown, Paul L.

1956. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Illinois (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 56(1): 163–167, 9 figures.

Bundy, W. F.

1876. In S. A. Forbes, List of Illinois Crustacea, with Descriptions of New Species. Bulletin of the Illinois Museum of Natural History, 1:3, 4, 5, 24–25.

1877. On the Cambari of Northern Indiana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 29:171–174.

1882. A List of the Crustacea of Wisconsin, with Notes on Some New or Little Known Species. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 5(1877–1881): 177–184.

Carlisle, David B., and Francis Knowles

1959. Endocrine Control in Crustaceans. Cambridge Monographs in Experimental Biology, 10: vii + 120 pages, 18 figures, 5 plates.

Chappuis, P. A.

1927. Die Tierwelt der unterirdischen Gewässer. Volume III in August Thienemann, Die Binnengewässer. 175 pages, 62 figures, 4 plates. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.

Chidester, F. E.

1908. Notes on the Daily Life and Food of Cambarus bartonius bartoni. American Naturalist, 42:710–716.

Cockerell, T. D. A., and Wilmatte Porter

1900. A New Crayfish from New Mexico. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 52:434–435, 1 figure.

Coleman, Marilyn A.

1972. A New Method for Monitoring Respiration in Crayfish. Revista de Biologia, 8(1–4):21–26, 2 figures.

Cooper, John E., and Martha R. Cooper

1968. America's Most Spectacular Crayfish. Kentucky Happy Hunting Ground, 24(1): 19–20, illustrated.

Cooper, John E., and Thomas L. Poulson

1968. A Guide for Biological Collecting in Caves. NSS News, 26(9): 127–138, 25 figures.

Cope, Edward D.

1871. On Three Extinct Astaci from the Fresh-Water Territory of Idaho. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 11:605–607.

1872. On the Wyandotte Cave and Its Fauna. American Naturalist, 6(7):406–422.

1881. Orconectes hamulatus. In E. D. Cope and A. S. Packard, Jr., The Fauna of the Nickajack Cave. American Naturalist, 15:881–882, plate 7: figure 1.

Cottle, T. J.

1863. On the Two Species of Astacus Found in Upper Canada. Canadian Journal of Industry, Science, and Arts, new series, 45:216–219.

Creaser, Edwin P.

1931a. Three New Crayfishes (Cambarus) from Puebla and Missouri. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 224: 10 pages, 17 figures.

1931b. The Michigan Decapod Crustaceans. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, 13:257–276, figures 31–40.

1932. The Decapod Crustaceans of Wisconsin. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 27:321–338, 13 figures.

1933a. Seasonal Changes in the Male Population of Faxonius propinquus (Girard). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 253: 9 pages.

1933b. Descriptions of Some New and Poorly Known Species of North American Crayfishes. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 275: 21 pages, 2 plates.

1934a. A Faunistic Area of Five Isolated Species of Crayfish in Southeastern Missouri. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 278: 8 pages, 1 figure.

1934b. A New Crayfish from North Carolina. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 285: 4 pages, 3 figures.

1962. Notes on Homologies and Genetic Relationships in the Cambarinae Crayfishes. 7 pages, 22 figures. [Privately printed.]

Creaser, Edwin P., and A. I. Ortenburger

1933. The Decapod Crustaceans of Oklahoma. Publications of the University of Oklahoma Biological Survey, 5(2): 14–47, 19 figures.

Crocker, Denton W.

1957. The Crayfishes of New York State (Decapoda, Astacidae). New York State Museum and Science Service Bulletin, 355: 97 pages, frontispiece, 7 figures, 5 plates.

Crocker, Denton W., and David W. Barr

1968. Handbook of the Crayfishes of Ontario, xiii+158 pages, 87 figures. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, by University of Toronto Press.

Croizat, Leon

1958. Panbiogeography, or an Introductory Synthesis of Zoogeography, Phytogeography and Geology with Notes on Evolution, Systematics, Ecology, Anthropology, etc. Volume I (The New World), xxxi+ 1018 pages, 119 figures. Distributed by Wheldon and Wesley, Ltd., Nr. Hitchin, Herts, England.

Cukerzis, J.

1973. Biologische Grundlagen der Methode der Kunstlichen afuzucht der Brut des Astacus astacus. Pages 188–201, 10 figures, in Sture Abrahamsson, editor, Freshwater Crayfish, Papers from the First International Symposium on Freshwater Crayfish, Austria 1972. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Dana, James D.

1852 (1855). Crustacea, Part I. Volume 13 of United States Exploring Expedition, During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1811, 1842, under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. viii+685 pages [with a folio atlas of 96 plates, 1855].

Dearolf, Kenneth

1942. Report of a Biological Reconnaissance of the New Discovery in Mammoth Cave, Kentucy, January 7–11, 1941. National Speleological Society Bulletin, 4:48–52.

De Kay, J. E.

1844. Zoology of New York or the New York Fauna, Part 6: Crustacea (70 pages, 13 plates). Part 1 of Natural History of New York. Albany: Carroll and Cook.

Dimond, John B., and others

1968. Persistence of DDT in Crayfish in a Natural Environment. Ecology, 49(4):759–762.

Eberly, William R.

1955. Summary of the Distribution of Indiana Crayfishes, Including New State and County Records. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 64: 281–283.

1958. Competition and Evolution in Cave Crayfishes of Southern Indiana. 7 pages. [Mimeographed.]

Erichson, W. F.

1846. Uebersicht der Arten der Gattung Astacus. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 12(1):86–103.

Fabricius, Johann C.

1775. Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorum. Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus Observationibus. 832 pages. Flens burgi et Lipsiae: Officina Libraria Kortii.

1798. Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. 572 pages. Hafniae: Proft et Storch.

Fage, L.

1931. Crustaces Amphipodes et Decapodes. In Biospeologica, LVI. Campagne spéologique de C. Bolívar et R. Jeannel dans l'Amerique du Nord (1928). Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale, 71: 361–374, 21 figures.

Faxon, Walter

1884. Descriptions of New Species of Cambarus, to which Is Added a Synonymicai List of the Known Species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20:107–158.

1885a. A Revision of the Astacidae, Part I. The Genera Cambarus and Astacus. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 10(4): vi+186 pages, 10 plates.

1885b. Preliminary Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. Bulletin of the Washburn College Laboratory of Natural History, 1(4):140–142.

1885c. A List of the Astacidae in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 8(23):356–361.

1889. Cambarus setosus Faxon. In Samuel Carman, Cave Animals from Southwestern Missouri. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 17(6):237, plate 1: figures 1–3, 7; plate 2: figure 1.

1890. Notes on North American Crayfishes, Family Astacidae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 12(785):619–634.

1898. Observations on the Astacidae in the United States National Museum and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, with Descriptions of New Species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 20(1136):643–694, plates 62–70.

1912. Astacidae. In Mary J. Rathbun, Some Cuban Crustacea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 54(15):458–459.

1914. Notes on the Crayfishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology with Descriptions of New Species and Subspecies to which Is Applied a Catalogue of the Known Species and Subspecies. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 40(8):351–427, IS plates.

Fitzpatrick, J. F., Jr.

1963. Geographic Variation in the Crawfish Faxonella clypeata (Hay) with the Definition and Defense of the Genus Faxonella Creaser (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 10(l):57–79, 20 figures.

1965. A New Subspecies of the Crawfish Orconectes leptogonopodus from the Ouachita River Drainage in Arkansas. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 12(3):87–91, figures A–J.

1966a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from the Headwaters of the White River in Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 79:145–150, 10 figures.

1966b. A New Crawfish of the Subfamily Cambarinae from Oregon, U.S.A. (Decapoda, Astacidae.) Crustaceana, 11(2):178–184, 17 figures.

1967a. The Propinquus Group of the Crawfish Genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Astacidae). Ohio Journal of Science, 67(3): 129–172, 27 figures.

1967b. A New Crawfish of the Cristatus Section of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80(25): 163–168, 12 figures.

1968. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Iowa. American Midland Naturalist, 79 (2):507–512, 10 figures.

Fitzpatrick, J. F., Jr., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1971. A New Crawfish of the Spiculifer Group of the Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Central Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(12):95–102, 14 figures.

Fitzpatrick, J. F., Jr., and James F. Payne

1968. A New Genus and Species of Crawfish from the Southeastern United States (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81(2):11–21, 12 figures.

Fleming, Robert S.

1938–1939. The Larger Crustacea of the Nashville Region. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 13(4): 296–314, 7 plates (1938); 14(2):261–264, 2 plates (1939); 14(3):299–324, 12 plates (1939).

Fowler, Henry W.

1912. The Crustacea of New Jersey. Pages 29–650, 150 plates, in Annual Report of the New Jersey State Museum for 1911.

Garman, H.

1920. A Little Known Subterranean Crayfish. Science, 52:42–13.

Girard, Charles

1852. A Revision of the North American Astaci, with Observations on Their Habits and Geographical Distribution. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6:87–91.

Goldman, Charles R.

1973. Ecology and Physiology of the California Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) in Relation to Its Suitability for Introduction into European Waters. Pages 106–120, 5 figures, in Sture Abrahamsson, editor, Freshwater Crayfish, Papers from the First International Symposium on Freshwater Crayfish, Austria 1972. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Hagen, Hermann A.

1870. Monograph of the North American Astacidae. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3: viii + 109 pages, 11 plates.

Hall, Edward Taylor, Jr.

1959. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Alabama (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 34(4):221–225, 9 figures.

Hama, Kiyoshi

1961. A Photoreceptor-Like Structure in the Ventral Nerve Cord of the Crayfish, Cambarus virilus. Anatomical Record, 140(4):329–336, 3 plates.

Hand, Cadet

1954. A Blue Crayfish from California. California Fish and Game, 40(4):437–438.

Harlan, R.

1830. Description of a New Species of the Genus Astacus. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 3(15):464–465.

Harris, J. Arthur

1900. Annotated Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. Kansas University Quarterly, 9(4):263–274.

1901. Annotated Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. [Abstract.] Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 17:115.

1903. An Ecological Catalogue of the Crayfishes Belonging to the Genus Cambarus. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 2(3):51–187, 5 plates.

Hart, C. W., Jr.

1962. A Revision of the Ostracods of the Family Entocytheridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 114(3):121–147, 18 figures.

Hay, William Perry

1891. The Crustacea of Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 1891:147–150.

1893. Observations on the Blind Crayfishes of Indiana, with a Description of a New Subspecies; Cambarus pellucidus testii. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 16(935):283–286, plates, 44, 45.

1896. The Crawfishes of the State of Indiana. Pages 475–507, 15 figures, in 20th Annual Report of the Department of Geology and Natural Resources of Indiana.

1899a. Description of Two New Species of Crayfish. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 22(1187):121–123, 2 figures.

1899b. Synopses of North American Invertebrates, VI. The Astacidae of North America. American Naturalist, 33(396):957–966, 1 figure.

1902a. Observations on the Crustacean Fauna of the Region about Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 25(1285): 223–236, 1 figure.

1902b. Observations on the Crustacean Fauna of Nickajack Cave, Tennessee, and Vicinity. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 25(1292):417–439, 8 figures.

1902c. On the Proper Application of the Name Cambarus carolinus Erichson. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 15:38.

1914. Cambarus bartonii carinirostris Hay. In Walter Faxon, Notes on the Crayfishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology.… Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 40(8):384–385.

Herrick, C. L.

1882. Papers on the Crustacea of the Freshwaters of Minnesota, III. On Noladromas and Cambarus. Pages 252–254, figure 7, in 10th Annual Report of the Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr.

1937. Some Florida Crawfishes and Their Habitat Distribution. [Abstract.] Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 1:154.

1938a. A New Crayfish from Florida. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 28(2):61–65, 11 figures.

1938b. Two New Crawfishes from Florida, Cambarus hubbelli and Cambarus acherontis pallidas. [Abstract.] Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 2:90–91.

1940a. Seven New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Florida, with Notes on Other Species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 89(3097): 387–423, figures 14–22.

1940b. A New Crayfish from South Carolina. Charleston Museum Leaflet, 14:3–7, 10 figures.

1941a. A New Crayfish from San Luis Potosi;, Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). Zoologica, 26(1): 1–4, 1 figure.

1941b. Three New Florida Crayfishes of the Subgenus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 26(1): 110–121, 2 plates.

1942a. A Generic Revision of the Crayfishes of the Subfamily Cambarinae (Decapoda, Astacidae) with the Description of a New Genus and Species. American Midland Naturalist, 28(2):334–357, 3 plates.

1942b. The Crayfishes of Florida. University of Florida Publications, Biological Science Series, 3(2): v + 179 pages, 24 plates.

1942c. On the First Pleopod of the Male Cambari (Decapoda, Astacidac). Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 1940, 5:55–61, 2 plates.

1943a. Two New Crayfishes from the Panhandle of Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 6(1):49–58, 32 figures.

1943b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). Lloydia, 6: 198–206, 2 plates.

1944. [Identification of crayfishes.] In C. Clayton Hoff, New American Species of the Ostracod Genus Entocythere. American Midland Naturalist, 32(2): 327–357, 31 figures.

1945a. The Subspecies and Intergrades of the Florida Burrowing Crayfish, Procambarus rogersi (Hobbs). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, S5(8):247–260, 34 figures.

1945b. Two New Species of Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarellus from the Gulf Coastal States, with a Key to the Species of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 34 (2):466–474, 26 figures.

1947a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Georgia, with Notes on Procambarus pubescens (Faxon) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science, 9(1):1–18, 32 figures.

1947b. A Key to the Crayfishes of the Pictus Subgroup of the Genus Procambarus, with the Description of a New Species from South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Florida Entomologist, 30(3):25–31, 12 figures.

1948a. On the Crayfishes of the Limosus Section of the Genus Orconectes (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 38(1): 14–21, 28 figures.

1948b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Orconectes from Arkansas, with a Key to the Species of the Hylas Group (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 39(1): 139–150, 30 figures.

1948c. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Southern Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 61(15):85–91, 9 figures.

1948d. A New Crayfish of the Genus Carnbarus from Texas, with Notes on the Distribution of Cambarus fodiens (Cottle). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 98(3230):223–231, figure 17.

1949a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from the Nashville Basin in Tennessee, with Notes on the Range of Orconectes compressus (Faxon) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 62 (7): 17–24, 10 figures.

1949b. [Identifications of crayfishes.] In Perry C. Holt, A Comparative Study of the Reproductive Systems of Xironogiton instabilius instabilius Moore and Cambarincola philadelphica Leidy (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellidae). Journal of Morphology, 84(3):535–571, 27 figures.

1950a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarellus from Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 63(18):89–96, 17 figures.

1950b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Oklahoma and Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidac). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(6):194–198, 12 figures.

1951a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Southeastern Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Virginia Journal of Science, 2 (2): 122–128, 10 figures.

1951b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana with a Key to the Species of the Spiculifer Group. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 41(8): 272–276, 11 figures.

1952a. A New Crayfish from Alabama, with Notes on Procambarus lecontei (Hagen). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 102(3297):209–219, figures 81, 82.

1952b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Georgia with a Key to the Species of the Clarkii Subgroup (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 15(3): 165–174, 14 figures.

1952c. A New Albinistic Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Southern Missouri with a Key to the Albinistic Species of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 48 (3):689–693, 8 figures.

1953a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama and Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 66(22):173–178, plate 9.

1953b. On the Ranges of Certain Crayfishes of the Spiculifer Group of the Genus Procambarus, with the Description of a New Species (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43(12):412–17, 13 figures.

1953c. Two New Crayfishes from the Highland Rim in Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 28(1):20–27, 18 figures.

1954. A New Crayfish from the Upper Coastal Plain of Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 17(2): 110–118, 13 figures.

1955a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 68(15):95–100, 11 figures.

1955b. Ostracods of the Genus Entocythere from the New River System in North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74(4):325–333, 10 figures.

1956a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 46(4): 117–121, 17 figures.

1956b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from North Carolina and South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 72(1):61–67, 11 figures.

1956c. A New Crayfish of the Extraneus Section of the Genus Cambarus with a Key to the Species of the Section (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 69(18): 115–121, 11 figures.

1958a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 48(5):160–168, 24 figures.

1958b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina and Georgia. Notulae Naturae, 307: 10 pages, 26 figures.

1958c. The Evolutionary History of the Pictus Group of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 21(1):71–91, 20 figures.

1959. Pages 883–901, figures 31.18–31.41, in W. T. Edmondson, Fresh-Water Biology. Second edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

1962a. Notes on the Affinities of the Members of the Blandingii Section of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidac). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 9(5):273–293, 72 figures.

1962b. La Presencia de Procambarus clarkii (Girard) en los Estados de Chihuahua y Sonora, México (Decapoda, Astacidae). Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 33(1, 2): 273–276, 9 figures.

1964. A New Cave-Dwelling Crayfish from the Greenbrier Drainage System, West Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 77(21):189–194, 10 figures.

1965. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Tennessee with an Emended Definition of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 78(33):265–273, 12 figures.

1966a. A New Crayfish from Alabama with Observations on the Cristatus Section of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 79(15):109–116, 10 figures.

1966b. An Illustrated Key to the Species of the Genus Ankylocythere with a Description of a New Species from Louisiana (Ostracoda, Entocytheridae). Proceedings of the Louisiana Academy of Sciences, 29: 67–75, 18 figures.

1967a. The Current Status of the Crayfishes Listed by Girard (1852) in His “A Revision of the North American Astaci. …” Crustaceana, (12)2:124–132.

1967b. A New Crayfish from Alabama Caves with Notes on the Origin of the Genera Orconectes and Cambarus (Decapoda: Astacidac). Proceedings of the United Slates National Museum, 123(3621):1–17, 21 figures.

1968a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81(31):261–274, 22 figures.

1968b. Crustacea: Malacostraca. Pages K1–K36, 32 figures, in Fred K. Parrish, Keys to Water Quality Indicative Organisms (Southeastern United Stales). Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, Department of the Interior.

1969a. Procambarus villalobosi, un Nuevo Cambarino de San Luis Potosi, México (Decapoda, Astacidae). Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, 38(1):41–46, 11 figures.

1969b. On the Distribution and Phylogeny of the Crayfish Genus Cambarus. In Perry C. Holt, Richard L. Hoffman, and C. Willard Hart, Jr., The Distributional History of the Biota of the Southern Appalachians, Part I: Invertebrates. Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Research Division Monograph, 1:93–178, 20 figures.

1969c. Two New Species of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) with Keys to the Members of the Spiculifer Group. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(24):329–348, 38 figures.

1970a. A New Crayfish from the Nashville Basin, Tennessee. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(14):161–169, 1 figure.

1970b. New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Tennessee and Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(23):241–259, 4 figures.

1971a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(40):459– 468, 1 figure.

1971b. New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama and Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(11):81–94, 2 figures.

1971c. A New Troglobitic Crayfish from Florida. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 34(2):114–124, 19 figures.

1971d. The Entocytherid Ostracods of Mexico and Cuba. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 81: 55 pages, 31 figures.

1972a. The Subgenera of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda: Astacidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 117: 22 pages, 20 figures.

1972b. Crayfishes (Astacidae) of North and Middle America. Identification Manual 9, x+ 173 pages, 115 figures. In Biota of Freshwater Ecosystems. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Water Pollution Research Control Series.

1974. Synopsis of the Families and Genera of Crayfishes (Crustacea, Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 164: 32 pages, 27 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Thomas C. Barr, Jr.

1960. The Origins and Affinities of the Troglobitic Crayfishes of North America (Decapoda, Astacidae). I. The Genus Cambarus. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1):12–33, 57 figures.

1972. Origins and Affinities of the Troglobitic Crayfishes of North America (Decapoda: Astacidae), II. Genus Orconectes. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 105: 84 pages, 16 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and M. S. Bedinger

1964. A New Troglobitic Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Arkansas with a Note on the Range of Cambarus cryptodytes Hobbs. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 77(3):9–15, 11 figures.

Hobbs. Horton H., Jr., and Raymond W. Bouchard

1973. A New Crayfish from the Cumberland River System with Notes on Cambarus carotinas (Erichsen). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 86(5):41–68, 4 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Martha R. Cooper

1972. A New Troglobitic Crayfish from Oklahoma (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 85(3):49–56, 1 figure.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and J. F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

1962. A New Crayfish of the Propinquus Group of the Genus Orconectes from the Ohio Drainage System in West Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75 (30): 207–214, 15 figures.

1970. A New Crayfish of the Genus Fallicambarus from Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82(64):829– 836, 12 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Edward T. Hall, Jr.

1969. New Crayfishes from Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82(21):281–294, 24 figures.

1972. A New Crayfish from the Tallapoosa River in Georgia (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 85(12):151–161, 1 figure.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and R. W. Hart, Jr.

1959. The Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans of the Apalachicola Drainage System in Florida, Southern Alabama, and Georgia. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, 4(5):145–191, 39 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and H. H. Hobbs III

1962. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75(5):41–45, 10 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., Perry C. Holt, and Margaret Walton

1967. The Crayfishes and Their Epizoötic Ostracod and Branchiobdellid Associates of the Mountain Lake, Virginia, Region. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 123(3602):1–84. 22 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Lewis J. Marchand

1943. A Contribution toward a Knowledge of the Crayfishes of the Reelfoot Lake Area. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 18(1):6–35, 27 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and D. Bruce Means

1972. Two New Troglobitic Crayfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84 (46):393–409, 2 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Frank O. Perkins

1967. A New Burrowing Crayfish from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80(21):141–146, 11 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Charles S. Shoup

1947. Two New Crayfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) from the Obey River Drainage in Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 22(2):138–145, 22 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Alejandro Villalobos

1964. Los Cambarinos de Cuba. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 34(1, 2):307–366, 50 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Margaret Walton

1957. Three New Crayfishes from Alabama and Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 5(3):39–52, 34 figures.

1958. Procambarus pearsei plumimanus, a New Crayfish from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 74(1):7–12, 13 figures.

1959. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 72(10):39–44, 12 figures.

1960. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Southern Alabama (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 73(20): 125–129, 11 figures.

1966. Orconectes Juvenils (Hagen) in Mountain Lake, Virginia: an Unplanned Experiment in Interspecific Competition (Decapoda, Astacidae). Virginia Journal of Science, 17(3):136–140.

Hobbs III, H. H.

1971. New Entocytherid Ostracods of the Genera Ankylocythere and Dactylocythere. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(17):137–146, 2 figures.

Hoff, C. Clayton

1943. Two New Ostracods of the Genus Entocythere and Records of Previously Described Species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 33(9):276– 286, 2 figures.

Holt, Perry C.

1954. A New Branchiobdellid of the Genus Cambarincola (Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellidae) from Virginia. Virginia Journal of Science, 5(3):168–172, 5 figures.

1960. The Genus Ceratodrilus Hall (Branchiobdellidae, Oligochaeta), with the Description of a New Species. Virginia Journal of Science, 11(2):53–77, 16 figures.

Holthuis, L. B.

1964. On the Status of the Two Allegedly European Crayfishes, Cambarus typhlobius Joseph, 1880, and Austropotamobius pallipes bispinosus Karaman, 1961 (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 7(1):42–48, plate 3.

Hovey, Horace C.

1882. Celebrated American Caverns, Especially Mammoth, Wyandot, and Luray, together with Historical, Scientific and Descriptive Notices of Caves and Grottoes in other Lands; with Maps and Illustrations. xii+288 pages, illustrated. Cincinnati: Robert Clarke and Company.

Huntsman, A. G.

1915. The Fresh-Water Malacostraca of Ontario. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1911–1914:145–163, 13 figures.

Huxley, Thomas H.

1879. On the Classification and the Distribution of the Crayfishes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878:751–788, 7 figures.

Jackson, George F.

1942. Animal Life of Caverns. Bulletin of the National Speleological Society, 4:3–7.

James, Hugo A.

1966. Range and Variations of Subspecies of Cambarus longulus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 119(3544):1–24, 2 figures, 1 plate.

Jester, Douglas B.

1967. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from New Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 77(2):518–524, 12 figures.

Joseph, Gustav

1880. Demonstration eines neuen zur Familie der Astaciden gehörenden blinden Grottenkrebses aus Krain. Schlesische gesellschaft für vaterländische kultur, Breslau. Jahresbericht, 57:202.

1881. Erfahrungen im wissenschaftlichen Sammeln und Beobachten der den Krainer Trofsteingrotten eigenen Arthropoden. Berliner entomologische zeitschrift, 25:233–282.

1882. Systematisches Verzeichniss der in der Tropfsteigrotten von Krain einheimischen Arthropoden nebst Diagnosen der vom Verfasser entdeckten und bisher noch nicht beschriebenen Arten. Schluss der Abhandl.; Erfahrungen im wissenschaftlichen Sammeln und Beobachten der den Krainer Trofsteingrotten eigenen Arthropoden. Berliner entomologische zeitschrift, 26:1–50.

Kamita, Tsuneichi

1970. Studies on the Fresh Water Shrimps, Prawns and Crawfishes of Japan. 213 pages. Matsue.

1973. Crayfishes Brought to Japan from Mexico. Zoological Magazine (Dobutsugaku Zasshi), 83(2):123–126, 4 figures.

Kozloff, Eugene N.

1955. Two New Species of Entocythere (Ostracoda: Cythcridae) Commensal on Pacifastacus Cambelii (Girard). American Midland Naturalist, 53(1): 156–161, 24 figures.

Laguarda, Alfredo

1961. Contribución al Estudio Comparativo de la Formula Branquial en la Familia Astacidae (Crustacea: Decapoda). 74 pages, 22 plates. Facultad de Ciencias, Departmento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

Latreille, P. A.

1802–1803. Histoire Naturelle, Général et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. 387 pages, plates 16–37. Paris: F. Dufart.

LeConte, John

1856. Descriptions of New Species of Astacus from Georgia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 7:400–402.

Lockington, W. N.

1878. Remarks upon the Thalassinidea and Astacidae of the Pacific Coast of North America, with Description of a New Species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 5, 2(10):299–304.

Lönnberg, Einar

1895. Cambarids from Florida. Bihang Till Koniglische Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 20(4): 3–14, figures 1–5b.

Lyle, Clay

1938. The Crawfishes of Mississippi, with Special Reference to the Biology and Control of Destructive Species. [Abstract.] Iowa State College Journal of Science, 13:75–77.

Marlow, Guy

1960. The Subspecies of Cambarus diogenes. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1):229–250, 8 figures.

Martens, Eduard von

1872. Ueber Cubanesche Crustacean—nach den Sammlungen Dr. J. Grundlach's. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 38:77–147, plates 4, 5.

Mason, John C.

1970a. Egg-Laying in the Western North American Crayfish, Pacifastacus trowbridgii (Stimpson) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 19(1):37–44, 16 figures.

1970b. Copulatory Behavior of the Crayfish, Pacifastacus trowbridgii (Stimpson). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 48(5):969–976, 7 figures.

Meek, S. E.

1894. A New Cambarus from Arkansas. American Naturalist, 28(336):1042–1043, 4 figures.

Meredith, W. G., and F. J. Schwartz

1960. Maryland Crayfishes. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Educational Series, 46: 32 pages, 17 figures.

Merkle, E. Lynn

1969. Home Range of Crayfish Orconectes juvenalis. American Midland Naturalist, 81(1):228–235, 5 figures.

Metcalf, Maynard M.

1929. Parasites and the Aid They Give in Problems of Taxonomy, Geographical Distribution, and Paleogeography. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 81(8):1–36, 3 figures.

Mobberly, William C., Jr.

1963. Hormonal and Environmental Regulation of the Molting Cycle in the Crayfish Faxonella clypeata. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 11(3):79–96, 9 figures.

Moenkhaus, W. J.

1904. An Extra Pair of Appendages Modified for Copulatory Purposes in Cambarus viridis. Indiana University Science Bulletin, 1:17–18, 2 figures.

Nicholas, Brother G.

1960. Checklist of Macroscopic Troglobitic Organisms of the United States. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1):123–160.

Olivier, G. A.

1791. Écrevisse. Astacus. Pages 327–349 in Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Encyclopédie Méthodique …, Zoology, volume 6. Paris and Liège.

Ortmann, A. E.

1892. Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museum…. Zoologischen Jahrbüchern, 6:1–58, 1 plate.

1902. The Geographical Distribution of Fresh-Water Decapods and Its Bearing upon Ancient Geography. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 41 (171):267–400, 8 figures.

1905a. The Crawfishes of Western Pennsylvania. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 3(2):387–406.

1905b. A New Species of Cambarus from Louisiana. Ohio Naturalist, 6(2):401–403, 1 figure.

1905c. The Mutual Affinities of the Species of the Genus Cambarus, and Their Dispersal over the United States. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 44(180):91–136, plate 3.

1905d. Procambarus, a New Subgenus of the Genus Cambarus. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 3(3):435–442, 3 figures.

1906a. Mexican, Central American and Cuban Cambari. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 8:1–24, 4 figures.

1906b. The Crawfishes of the State of Pennsylvania. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 2(10):iv + 343–523, plates a, b, 39–43.

1909. Une écrevisse nouvelle du Mexique, Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri nov. sp. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, new series, 7:159–166, 4 figures.

1913. A New Species of the Genus Cambarus from the Isle of Pines. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 8(3–4):414–417.

1931. Crawfishes of the Southern Appalachians and the Cumberland Plateau. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 20(2):61–160.

Osborn, R. C., and E. B. Williamson

1898. The Crayfish of Ohio. Sixth Annual Report of the Ohio State Academy of Science, page 21.

Packard, A. S., Jr.

1880. Fossil Crawfish from the Tertiaries of Wyoming. American Naturalist, 14(3):222–223.

1881a. A Fossil Tertiary Crayfish. American Naturalist, 15(10):832–834, 2 figures.

1881b. On a Crayfish from the Lower Tertiary Beds of Western Wyoming. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey, 6(2):391–397, 2 figures.

1888. The Cave Fauna of North America, with Remarks on the Anatomy of the Brain and Origin of the Blind Species. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, 4:3–156, 21 figures, 27 plates.

Padgett, Allen

1970. Georgia Cave Fauna. Georgia Speleological Society Bulletin, 1970:19–20.

Parks, Hal B., Clay Smith, and Jack Garrett

1939. The East Texas Crayfish and Lepidopterous Insects. Technical Bulletin of Stephen F. Austin State Teachers College, 1(5):2.

Pearse, A. S.

1911. Report on the Crustacea Collected by the University of Michigan-Walker Expedition in the State of Vera Cruz, Mexico. 13th Report of the Michigan Academy of Science, pages 108–113, 4 figures.

Penn, George Henry, Jr.

1939. The Type Locality of the Crawfish (Faxonius lancifer). American Midland Naturalist, 22(1):215.

1941. Preliminary Report of a Survey of the Crawfishes of Louisiana. Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Eighty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the New Orleans Academy of Sciences, page 8.

1942. Observations on the Biology of the Dwarf Crawfish, Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon). American Midland Naturalist, 28(3):644–647, 1 figure.

1946. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 36(1):27–29, 1 figure.

1950a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Louisiana (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(5):166–169, 9 figures.

1950b. The Genus Cambarellus in Louisiana (Decapoda. Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 44(2): 421–426, 1 figure.

1950c. A New Orconectes from the Pontchartrain Watershed in Louisiana and Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(11):381–384, 10 figures.

1950d. Utilization of Crawfishes by Cold-Blooded Vertebrates in the Eastern United States. American Midland Naturalist, 44(3):643–658, 3 figures.

1952a. The Genus Orconectes in Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 47(3): 743–748.

1952b. A New Crawfish of the Virilis Section of the Genus Orconectes (Decapoda, Astacidae). Natural History Miscellanea, 109: 7 pages, 14 figures.

1953a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana and Arkansas (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43(5):163–166, 12 figures.

1953b. A Redescription of the Crawfish Procambarus hinei (Ortmann) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 1(5):63–68, 15 figures.

1953c. A New Burrowing Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana and Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 1 (6):71–76, 12 figures.

1953d. Two New Crawfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Museum Novitates, 1636: 10 pages, 19 figures.

1953e. Classification. In Mel Washburn, Percy Viosca, Jr., and George Henry Penn, All About Crawfish. Louisiana Conservationist, 5(6):2–7, illustrated.

1955. A New Cambarus of the Diogenes Section from North Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 3(4):73–81, 13 figures.

1956. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Arkansas (Crustacea, Astacidae). Lloydia, 19(2): 109–119, 17 figures.

1957. Variation and Subspecies of the Crawfish Orconectes palmen. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 5(10):231–262, 30 figures.

1959. An Illustrated Key to the Crawfishes of Louisiana, with a Summary of Their Distribution within the State (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 7 (1):3–20, 86 figures.

1962. A New Crawfish of the Hinei Section of the Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 3(3):222–226, 11 figures.

1963. A New Crawfish from the Hatchie River in Mississippi and Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 76(15):121–125, 10 figures.

Penn, George Henry, Jr., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1958. A Contribution toward a Knowledge of the Crayfishes of Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Texas Journal of Science, 10 (4):452–483, 68 figures.

Penn, George Henry, Jr., and Guy Marlow

1959. The Genus Cambarus in Louisiana. American Midland Naturalist, 61(1):191–203, 14 figures.

Pennak, Robert W.

1953. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United States. ix+769 pages, 470 figures. New York: The Ronald Press Company.

Pilgrim, R. L. C.

1960. Muscle Receptor Organs in Some Decapod Crustacea. Comparative Biochemical Physiology, 1: 248–257, 3 figures.

Price, F. M.

1900. The Eyes of Cambarus pellucidus [title, without text, of a paper presented to the Academy]. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 1899: 155.

Prins, Rudolph

1968. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 84(4):458–461, 11 figures.

Prins, Rudolph, and Joseph F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

1965. The First-Form Male of Orconectes bisectus Rhoades, a Poorly Known Kentucky Crawfish. American Midland Naturalist, 74(1):141–147, 12 figures.

Prins, Rudolph, and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1972. A New Crayfish of the Subgenus Puncticambarus from the Savannah River Drainage with Notes on Cambarus (P.) reburrus Prins (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(47):411–420, 1 figure.

Rabé, Felix

1890. La question de l'écrevisse. 86 pages, 11 figures. Sezanne: H. Patoux.

Rafinesque, C. S.

1817. Synopsis of Four New Genera and Ten New Species of Crustacea, Found in the United States. American Monthly Magazine and Critical Revue, 2:40–43.

Randall, J. W.

1840. Catalogue of the Crustacea Brought by Thomas Nuttall and J. K. Townsend, from the West Coast of North America and the Sandwich Islands…. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 3(1): 106–147, 5 plates.

Rathbun, Mary J.

1926. The Fossil Stalk-Eyed Crustacea of the Pacific Slope of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 138: vii + 155 pages, 6 figures, 39 plates.

Ray, Johnny, and Verl Stevens

1970. Using Baytex to Control Crayfish in Ponds. Progressive Fish-Cutturist, 33:58–69.

Reimer, Rollin DeWayne

1966. Two New Species of the Genus Cambarus from Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 13(1):9–15, 18 figures.

1969. A Report on the Crawfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) of Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences, 48:49–65, 46 figures.

Rhoades, Rendell

1941a. The Distribution of Cambarus sloani Bundy, in Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science, 41(2):93–98, 6 figures.

1941b. Notes on Some Crayfishes from Alabama Caves, with the Description of a New Species and a New Subspecies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91(3129):141–148, figures 35, 36.

1944a. The Crayfishes of Kentucky, with Notes on Variation, Distribution and Descriptions of New Species and Subspecies. American Midland Naturalist, 31(1):111–149, 10 figures.

1944b. Further Studies on Distribution and Taxonomy of Ohio Crayfishes and the Description of a New Subspecies. Ohio Journal of Science, 44 (2):95–99.

1959. A Review of the Status of Orconectes inermis Cope and a Suggested Nomenclatural Change. American Midland Naturalist, 61(2):399–402.

Riegel, J. A.

1959. The Systematics and Distribution of Crayfishes in California. California Fish and Game, 45(1):29–50, 10 figures.

Roberts, Tilden W.

1944. Light, Eyestalk Chemical, and Certain Other Factors as Regulators of Community Activity for the Crayfish Cambarus virilis Hagen. Ecological Monographs, 14(4):350–392, 21 figures.

Sanders, Robert R.

1967. Alphabetical Synopsis of the Crayfish Pasifastacus trowbridgeii (Stimpson). Carolina Tips, 30(9):33, 1 figure.

Saussure, Henri de

1857a. Note carcinologique sur la famille des Thalassides et sur celle des Astacides. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, series 2, 9:99–102.

1857b. Diagnoses de quelques crustacés nouveaux de l'Amérique tropicale. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, series 2, 9:501–505.

1858. Mémoire sur divers crustacés nouveaux des Antilles et du Mexique. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève, 14:417–496, 6 plates.

Say, Thomas

1817. An Account of the Crustacea of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1(6):165–169.

Shufeldt, R. W.

1898. Some Observations on Crayfish, Shooting and Fishing (December 29), 25(11):227.

Skorikov, A. S.

1908. Contributions á la classification des Potamobiidae d'Europe et d'Asie. Annuaire de Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg, 12:115–118. [1907, in Russian.]

Spoor, W. A.

1955. Loss and Gain of Heat-Tolerance by the Crayfish. Biological Bulletin, 108(1):77–87, 2 figures.

Steele, Mary

1902. The Crayfish of Missouri. University of Cincinnati Bulletin, series 2, 2(10):1–54, 6 plates.

Stevenson, J. Ross

1967. Lack of Correlation of Some Growth and Developmental Processes in the Crayfish. [Abstract.] American Zoologist, 7(2):208.

Stimpson, William

1857a. Notices of New Species of Crustacea of Western North America; Being an Abstract from a Paper to be Published in the Journal of the Society. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6(6):84–89.

1857b. On the Crustacea and Echinodermata of the Pacific Shores of North America, Part I. Crustacea. Boston Journal of Natural History, 6(4):444–532.

Streets, Thomas H.

1877. Description of Cambarus couesi, New Species of Crawfish from Dakota. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey, 3:805–804.

Svärdson, Gunnar

1965. The American Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) Introduced into Sweden. Institute of Freshwater Research, Drottningholm, report 46:90–94, 1 figure.

Tellkampf, Theodor A.

1844a. Ausflug nach der Mammuthhöhle in Kentucky. Das Ausland, 168:671–672; 169:675–676; 170:679–680; 171:683–684; 172:687–688; 173:691–692; 174:695–696; 175:699–700.

1844b. Ueber den blinden Fisch der Mammuthhöhle in Kentucky, mit Bemerkungen über einige andere in dieser Höhle lebende Thiere. Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie und wissenschaftliche Medicin, Heft IV, pages 381–394, plate 9.

1845. Memoirs on the Blind Fishes and Some Other Animals Living in the Mammoth Cave in Kentucky. New York Journal of Medicine and Collateral Science, July 1845:84–93, 1 plate.

Thompson, David H.

1967. A Comparison of Visual Acuity between Cave and Epigeal Crayfish. The Wisconsin Speleologist, 6(3–4):46–54.

Threinen, C. W.

1958. Wisconsin Crayfish. Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin, 23(7):1–3.

Underwood, Lucien M.

1886. List of the Described Species of Fresh Water Crustacea from America, North of Mexico. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 2(5):323–386.

Unestam, Torgny

1969. Resistance to the Crayfish Plague in Some American, Japanese and European Crayfishes. Institute of Freshwater Research, Drottningholm, report 49: 202–209.

Van Straelen, Victor

1942. A propos de la distribution des écrevisses, des homards et des crabes d'eau douce. Bulletin du Musée Royal d'Histoire des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 18(56):1–11.

Villalobos, Alejandro

1943. Estudios de los Cambarines Mexicanos, I. Observaciones sobre Cambarellus Montezumae (Saussure) y Algunas de sus Formas con Descripción de una Subspecie Nueva. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 14(2): 587–611, 2 plates.

1944a. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, II. Dos Especies Nuevas del Género Paracambarus. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autònoma de México, 15(1):161–174, 2 plates.

1944b. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, III. Una Especie Nueva de Procambarus, Procambarus caballeroi n. sp. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 15 (1): 175–184, 2 plates.

1946. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, IV. Consideraciones Acerca de la Posición Sistemática y Redescripción de Procambarus digueti (Bouvier) y Procambarus bouvieri (Ortmann). Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 17(1, 2):215–230, 2 plates.

1947a. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, V. Redescripción de Paracambarus paradoxus (Ort.) y Descripción de una Especie Nueva del Mismo Género. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 18(1):233–247, 3 plates.

1947b. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, VI. Descripción de una Nueva Especie del Género Paracambarus. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 18(2):537–546, 2 plates.

1948. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, VIL Descripción de una Nueva Especie del Género Procambarus, Procambarus acanthophorus n. sp. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 19(1):175–182, 2 plates.

1949. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, VIH. Descripción de una Nueva Especie del Género Paracambarus. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 20(1, 2): 331–339, 2 plates.

1950. Contribución al Estudio de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, IX. Estudio Taxonómico de un Grupo de Especies del Género Procambarus. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 21 (2):307–413, 11 plates.

1952. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, X. Una Nueva Especie del Género Cambarellus del Estado de Nuevo León. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 22(2): 525–532, 2 plates.

1953. Distribución Geográfica y Notas Ecológicas de los Cambarinos Mexicanos. Memoria del Congreso Cientifico Mexicano, VII. Ciencias Biológicas, IV Centenario de la Universidad de México, 7:343– 374, 5 figures.

1954a. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, XI, Una Nueva Subspecie de Procambarus simulons del Estado de Nuevo León. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 25(1, 2):289–298, 2 plates.

1954b. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, XII, Parte 1. Revisión de la Especie Afines a Procambarus mexicanus (Erichson), con Descripción de Nuevas Formas. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 25(1, 2):299– 379, 19 plates.

1955. Cambarinos de la Fauna Mexicana. (Crustacea Decapada). xvi + 290 pages, 62 plates. Tesis, Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

1958. Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, XIII. Descripción de una Nueva Especie de Cambarino del Estado de Veracruz (Crustacea, Decapoda). Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 28(1, 2):279–288, 3 plates.

Walls, Jerry G.

1968. A New Faxonella from Northeast Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81(41):413–418, 9 figures.

1972. Three New Crawfishes Related to Orconectes difficilis (Faxon) (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(53):449– 458, 4 figures.

Walls, Jerry G., and Joe B. Black

1967. New Variations and Records of the Crawfish Procambarus jaculus Hobbs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Louisiana Academy of Sciences, 30:60–62.

Williams, Austin B.

1952. Six New Crayfishes of the Genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Astacidae) from Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 55(2):330–351, 48 figures.

1954. Speciation and Distribution of the Crayfishes of the Ozark Plateaus and Ouachita Provinces. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 36(12):803–918, 253 figures.

Williamson, E. B.

1899. Notes on Ohio Astacidae. Pages 47–48 in Seventh Annual Report of the Ohio State Academy of Science.

1907. Notes on the Crayfish of Wells County, Indiana, with Description of New Species. 31st Annual Report of the Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Indiana, 1906:749–763, plate 35.

FIGURES 1-294

EXPLANATION OF ILLUSTRATIONS

All of the illustrations except Figure 14d, which was redrawn from Villalobos (1952:527), were made from camera lucida drawings sketched during the preparation of this manuscript. The lettering utilized in Figure 1 also applies to Figures 2 through 7; that in Figure 8, to Figures 9 through 169; and that in Figure 170, to Figures 171 through 294.

FIGURES 1–7.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male; b, mesial view of first pleopod of male; c, lateral view of same; d, dorsal view of chela of male.

FIGURES 8–88 and 92–169.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male, form I; b, mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, lateral view; of same; d, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II; e, annulus ventralis; f, dorsal view of chela of male, form I.

FIGURES 89–91.—Same as in Figure 8 except c and d are caudal views of first pleopods of first- and second-form males, respectively.

FIGURES 170–196 and 200–294.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male, form I; b, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, lateral view of tip of same; d, mesial view of tip of same; e, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II; f, annulus ventralis; g, dorsal view of chela of male, form I.

FIGURES 197–199.—Same as in Figure 170 except c is caudal view of tip of first pleopod of male, form I.

FIGURES 1–7

FIGURES 8–11

FIGURES 12–15

FIGURES 16–19

FIGURES 20–23

FIGURES 24–27

FIGURES 28–31

FIGURES 32–35

FIGURES 36–39

FIGURES 40–43

FIGURES 44–47

FIGURES 48–51

FIGURES 52–55

FIGURES 56–59

FIGURES 60–63

FIGURES 64–67

FIGURES 68–71

FIGURES 72–75

FIGURES 76–79

FIGURES 80–83

FIGURES 84–87

FIGURES 88–91

FIGURES 92–95

FIGURES 96–99

FIGURES 100–103

FIGURES 104–107

FIGURES 108–111

FIGURES 112–115

FIGURES 116–119

FIGURES 120–123

FIGURES 124–127

FIGURES 128–131

FIGURES 132–135

FIGURES 136–139

FIGURES 140–143

FIGURES 144–147

FIGURES 148–151

FIGURES 152–155

FIGURES 156–159

FIGURES 160–163

FIGURES 164–167

FIGURES 168–171

FIGURES 172–175

FIGURES 176–179

FIGURES 180–183

FIGURES 184–187

FIGURES 188–191

FIGURES 192–195

FIGURES 196–199

FIGURES 200–203

FIGURES 204–207

FIGURES 208–211

FIGURES 212–215

FIGURES 216–219

FIGURES 220–223

FIGURES 224–227

FIGURES 228–231

FIGURES 232–235

FIGURES 236–239

FIGURES 240–243

FIGURES 244–247

FIGURES 248–251

FIGURES 252–255

FIGURES 256–259

FIGURES 260–263

FIGURES 264–267

FIGURES 268–271

FIGURES 272–275

FIGURES 276–279

FIGURES 280–283

FIGURES 284–287

FIGURES 288–291

FIGURES 292–294

Index

(This index covers current valid names, nomina nuda, and synonyms; misspellings and combinations not presently in use are excluded)

ablusus, Procambarus (Pennides), 62, 146 (fig. 265)

acanthophorus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 43–44, 125 (fig. 180)

acares, Orconectes, 26, 113 (fig. 132)

acherontis, Procambarus, 52

Procambarus (Lonnbergius), 52, 133 (fig. 215)

Acucauda, subgenus, 3, 43

acuminatus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 20–21, 98 (fig. 74)

acutissimus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 53, 141 (fig. 246)

acutus acutus, Procambarus, 37

Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 53, 140 (fig. 240)

acutus cuevachicae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 53–54, 140 (fig. 241)

acutus, Procambarus acutus, 37

advena, Astacus, 48

Procambarus (Hagenides), 48, 128 (fig. 194)

affinis, Astacus, 33

alabamensis, Orconectes, 26, 121 (fig. 166)

alachua, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus, 58, 136 (fig. 227)

alleni, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 49–50, 130 (fig. 202)

alvarezi, Cambarellus, 7, 83 (fig. 14)

ancylus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 54, 138 (fig. 233)

angustatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 54, 136 (fig. 226)

apalachicolae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 50, 131 (fig. 206)

areolatus, Cambarellus, 7, 84 (fig. 16)

argillicola, Cambarus, 23

asperimanus, Cambarus bartonii, 16

Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 16, 94 (fig. 57)

Astaci, 2

Astacidae, 2, 3, 5

Astacidea, 3

Astacoidea, 3

Astacus, 2, 3

advena, 48

affinis, 33

Bartonii, 3, 10

Blandingii, 3, 53, 54

breviforceps, 5

ciliaris, 10

fossarum, 66

fossor, 20

klamathensis, 5, 6

latimanus, 12, 13

limosus, 26, 33

maniculatus, 66

oreganus, 4

penicillatus, 50

pusillus, 10

subgrundialis, 5

Astacus, subgenus, 3

atkinsoni, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 44, 125 (fig. 183)

Atlantoastacus, subgenus, 3

attenuatus, Hobbseus, 25, 103 (fig. 95)

australis australis, Orconectes, 26–27, 104 (fig. 97)

australis packardi, Orconectes, 27, 104 (fig. 98)

Austrocambarus, subgenus, 3, 43

Austropotamobius, 3

Austropotamobius, subgenus, 3

Aviticambarus, subgenus, 3, 10

ayersii, Cambarus, 19

aztecus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 44, 123 (fig. 172)

barbatus, Cambarus, 49, 50

Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 50, 131 (fig. 204)

Barbicambarus, 3, 9

cornutus, 9, 85 (fig. 20)

Barbicambarus, subgenus, 3

barrenensis, Orconectes, 27, 114 (fig. 139)

bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus, 14, 15

bartonii asperimanus, Cambarus, 16

Bartonii, Astacus, 3, 10

bartonii, Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii, 10–11, 85 (fig. 23)

carinirostris, Cambarus (Cambarus), 11, 86 (fig. 24)

cavatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 11, 86 (fig. 25)

spinirostris, Cambarus, 16

Bartonius, subgenus, 3

baumgartneri, Cambarus, 48

beyeri, Faxonella, 24, 102 (fig. 91)

bisectus, Orconectes, 27, 111 (fig. 125)

bivittatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 54, 143 (fig. 255)

blacki, Orconectes difficilis, 28, 106 (fig. 107)

Blandingii, Astacus, 3, 53, 54

blandingii, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 54, 139 (fig. 239)

bouchardi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 17, 92 (fig. 51)

bouvieri, Cambarus (Cambarus), 52, 53

Procambarus (Mexicambarus), 53, 134 (fig. 216)

brachydactylus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 17, 94 (fig. 58)

breviforceps, Astacus, 5

brevis, Orconectes meeki, 34, 119 (fig. 156)

byersi, Fallicambarus, 22–23, 101 (fig. 87)

caballeroi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 54–55, 144 (fig. 257)

cahni, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 14, 91 (fig. 44)

Cambarellinae, 4, 7

Cambarellus, 3, 4, 7

alvarezi, 7, 83 (fig. 14)

areolatus, 7, 84 (fig. 16)

chapalanus, 7, 83 (fig. 15)

diminutus, 7–8, 83 (fig. 12)

montezumae, 8, 84 (fig. 17)

montezumae lermensis, 8

ninae, 8, 82 (fig. 11)

occidentalis, 8, 83 (fig. 13)

patzcuarensis, 8, 84 (fig. 18)

puer, 4, 8–9, 82 (fig. 10)

schmitti, 9, 82 (fig. 9)

shufeldtii, 9, 82 (fig. 8)

zempoalensis, 9, 84 (fig. 19)

Cambarellus, subgenus, 3

Cambaridae, 3, 4, 7

Cambarinae, 3, 9

Cambaroides, 4

Cambaroidinae, 4

Cambarus, 2, 3, 4, 10

argillicola, 23

(Aviticambarus) hamulatus, 10, 85 (fig. 21)

(Aviticambarus) jonesi, 10, 85 (fig. 22)

ayersii, 19

barbatus, 49, 50

bartoni tenebrosus, 14, 15

bartonii asperimanus, 16

bartonii spinirostris, 16

baumgartneri, 48

(Cambarus) bartonii bartonii, 10–11, 85 (fig. 23)

(Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris, 11, 86 (fig. 24)

(Cambarus) bartonii cavatus, 11, 86 (fig. 25)

(Cambarus) bouvieri, 52, 53

(Cambarus) hinei, 46

(Cambarus) howardi, 11, 86 (fig. 26)

(Cambarus) lobdelli, 4

(Cambarus) ortmanni, 11–12, 87 (fig. 28)

(Cambarus) sciotensis, 12, 86 (fig. 27)

carinatus, 64

clarkii paeninsulanus, 65

clypeatus, 3, 24

coecus, 37, 38

consobrinus, 44

couesi, 42

cristatus, 25

debilis, 42

(Depressicambarus) catagius, 12, 89 (fig. 36)

(Depressicambarus) cymatilis, 12, 89 (fig. 37)

(Depressicambarus) englishi, 12, 87 (fig. 30)

(Depressicambarus) floridanus, 12, 88 (fig. 34)

(Depressicambarus) halli, 13, 87 (fig. 29)

(Depressicambarus) jordani, 13, 88 (fig. 32)

(Depressicambarus) latimanus, 13, 88 (fig. 33)

(Depressicambarus) obstipus, 13. 87 (fig. 31)

(Depressicambarus) reduncus, 13, 89 (fig. 39)

(Depressicambarus) sphenoides, 13–14, 88 (fig. 35)

(Depressicambarus) striatus, 14, 89 (fig. 38)

digueti, 64

diogenes, 20

(Erebicambarus) cahni, 14, 91 (fig. 44)

(Erebicambarus) hubbsi, 14, 90 (fig. 40)

(Erebicambarus) hubrichti, 14, 90 (fig. 42)

(Erebicambarus) laevis, 15, 91 (fig. 46)

(Erebicambarus) ornatus, 15, 91 (fig. 45)

(Erebicambarus) rusticiformis, 15, 90 (fig. 41)

(Erebicambarus) tenebrosus, 15, 90 (fig. 43)

erichsoni, 29

extraneus, 20, 21

faxonii, 32

(Faxonius) creaseri, 4

gallinus, 47

(Girardiella) hagenianus carri, 4

(Girardiella) hagenianus evansi, 4

(Girardiella) hagenianus forestae, 4

gracilis, 47

graysoni, 14

(Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus, 15, 92 (fig. 50)

(Hiaticambarus) girardianus, 16, 91 (fig. 47)

(Hiaticambarus) longirostris, 16, 92 (fig. 48)

(Hiaticambarus) longulus, 16, 92 (fig. 49)

immunis spinirostris, 30

(Jugicambarus) asperimanus, 16, 94 (fig. 57)

(Jugicambarus) bouchardi, 17, 92 (fig. 51)

(Jugicambarus) brachydactylus, 17, 94 (fig. 58)

(Jugicambarus) carolinus, 17, 95 (fig. 62)

(Jugicambarus) causeyi, 17, 96 (fig. 65)

(Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis, 17, 94 (fig. 56)

(Jugicambarus) cryptodytes, 18, 96 (fig. 64)

(Jugicambarus) distans, 18, 93 (fig. 53)

(Jugicambarus) dubius, 18, 95 (fig. 60)

(Jugicambarus) friaufi, 18, 94 (fig. 59)

(Jugicambarus) gentryi, 18, 95 (fig. 63)

(Jugicambarus) monongalensis, 18–19, 95 (fig. 61)

(Jugicambarus) obeyensis, 19, 93 (fig. 52)

(Jugicambarus) parvoculus, 19, 93 (fig. 55)

(Jugicambarus) setosus, 19, 96 (fig. 66)

(Jugicambarus) tartarus, 19, 97 (fig. 68)

(Jugicambarus) unestami, 19–20, 93 (fig. 54)

(Jugicambarus) zophonastes, 20, 96 (fig. 67)

(Lacunicambarus) diogenes diogenes, 20, 97 (fig. 69)

(Lacunicambarus) diogenes ludovicianus, 20, 97 (fig. 70)

longulus, 15, 16

lucifugus, 4

montanus, 10

Montezumae, 7, 8

montezumae dugesii, 8

Montezumae var. tridens, 8

nebrascensis, 20

obesus, 20

(Ortmannicus) cookae, 4

(Ortmannicus) evictus, 4

(Paracambarus) harnedi, 43

(Paracambarus) paradoxus, 61

Pealei, 33

penicillatus, 50, 54

pilosus, 35

primaevus, 4

pristinus, 22

(Puncticambarus) acuminatus, 20–21, 98 (fig. 74)

(Puncticambarus) chaugaensis, 21, 98 (fig. 75)

(Puncticambarus) extraneus, 21, 97 (fig. 71)

(Puncticambarus) nerterius, 21, 98 (fig. 73)

(Puncticambarus) reburrus, 21, 99 (fig. 76)

(Puncticambarus) robustus, 21–22, 99 (fig. 77)

(Puncticambarus) spicatus, 22, 98 (fig. 72)

(Puncticambarus) veteranus, 22, 99 (fig. 78)

schmittii, 4, 8

signifer, 30

spinosus gulielmi, 29

strawni, 22, 24

stygius, 37, 38, 53

typhlobius, 37

(Veticambarus) pristinus, 22, 99 (fig. 79)

whitmani, 33

wisconsinensis, 42

Cambarus, subgenus, 3, 10

campestris, Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi, 49, 129 (fig. 198)

capillatus, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 50, 132 (fig. 211)

Capillicambarus, subgenus, 3, 46

carinatus, Cambarus, 64

carinirostris, Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii, 11, 86 (fig. 24)

carolinus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 17, 95 (fig. 62)

carri, Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus, 4

catagius, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 12, 89 (fig. 36)

causeyi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 17, 96 (fig. 65)

Orconectes, 27, 120 (fig. 163)

cavatus, Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii, 11, 86 (fig. 25)

chacei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 55, 134 (fig. 219)

chaenodactylus, Orconectes neglectus, 36, 115 (fig. 140)

chapalanus, Cambarellus, 7, 83 (fig. 15)

chasmodactylus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 15, 92 (fig. 50)

chaugaensis, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 21, 98 (fig. 75)

chenoderma, Pacifastacus, 5

ciliaris, Astacus, 10

clarkii paeninsulanus, Cambarus, 65

clarkii, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 65, 150 (fig. 283)

clypeata, Faxonella, 24, 102 (fig. 89)

clypeatus, Cambarus, 3, 24

coecus, Cambarus, 37, 38

compressus, Orconectes, 27–28, 122 (fig. 169)

conasaugaensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 17, 94 (fig. 56)

connectens, Pacifastacus, 5. 81 (fig. 1)

consobrinus, Cambarus, 44

contrerasi, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 66, 152 (fig. 289)

cookae, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 4

cornutus, Barbicambarus, 9, 85 (fig. 20)

couesi, Cambarus, 42

Crangonyx lucifugus, 4

creaseri, Cambarus (Faxonius), 4

Faxonella, 25, 102 (fig. 90)

creolanus, Orconectes palmeri. 37. 119 (fig. 159)

cristatus, Cambarus, 25

Hobbseus, 25, 103 (fig. 93)

cryptodytes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18, 96 (fig. 64)

cubensis cubensis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 44, 126 (fig. 185)

cubensis rivalis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 44, 126 (fig. 184)

cuevachicae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus, 53–54, 140 (fig. 241)

cymatilis, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 12, 89 (fig. 37)

debilis, Cambarus, 42

Depressicambarus, subgenus, 3, 12

difficilis blacki, Orconectes, 28, 106 (fig. 107)

difficilis difficilis, Orconectes, 28, 106 (fig. 106)

difficilis hathawayi, Orconectes, 28, 107 (fig. 109)

difficilis maletae, Orconectes, 28, 107 (fig. 108)

digueti, Cambarus, 64

Procambarus (Procambarus), 64–65, 149 (fig. 278)

diminutus, Cambarellus, 7–8, 83 (fig. 12)

diogenes, Cambarus, 20

diogenes, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 20, 97 (fig. 69)

ludovicianus, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 20, 97 (fig. 70)

dissitus, Fallicambarus, 23, 102 (fig. 88)

distans, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18, 93 (fig. 53)

dubius, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18, 95 (fig. 60)

dugesii, Cambarus montezumae, 8

dupratzi, Procambarus (Pennides), 62, 147 (fig. 270)

echinatus, Procambarus (Pennides), 62, 147 (fig. 269)

econfinae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 50–51, 131 (fig. 207)

elegans, Procambarus (Pennides), 62, 146 (fig. 266)

englishi, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 12, 87 (fig. 30)

enoplosternum, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 55, 134 (fig. 218)

epicyrtus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 55, 135 (fig. 220)

Erebicambarus, subgenus, 3, 14

erichsoni, Cambarus, 29

Procambarus (Villalobosus), 66–67, 152 (fig. 288)

erichsonianus, Orconectes, 29, 110 (fig. 123)

erismophorous, Orconectes sanbornii, 40, 110 (fig. 122)

escambiensis, Procambarus, 50

Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 51, 132 (fig. 208)

eupunctus, Orconectes, 29, 109 (fig. 116)

evansi, Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus, 4

evermanni, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 55, 139 (fig. 237)

evictus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 4

expletus, Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi, 49, 129 (fig. 199)

extraneus, Cambarus, 20, 21

Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 21, 97 (fig. 71)

fallax, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 55, 138 (fig. 235)

Fallicambarus, 3, 22

byersi, 22–23, 101 (fig. 87)

dissitus, 23, 102 (fig. 88)

fodiens, 23, 100 (fig. 82)

hedgpethi, 23, 100 (fig. 83)

hortoni, 23, 101 (fig. 85)

macneesei, 23–24, 100 (fig. 80)

oryktes, 24, 101 (fig. 86)

strawni, 24, 100 (fig. 81)

uhleri, 24, 101 (fig. 84)

Faxonella, 3, 24

beyeri, 24, 102 (fig. 91)

clypeata, 24, 102 (fig. 89)

creaseri, 25, 102 (fig. 90)

Faxonella, subgenus, 3

faxonii, Cambarus, 32

Faxonius, 3, 26

(Faxonius) immunis pedianus, 30

Faxonius, subgenus, 3, 26

fitzpatricki, Procambarus, 43

Procambarus (Acucauda), 43, 122 (fig. 170)

floridanus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 12, 88 (fig. 34)

fodiens, Fallicambarus, 23, 100 (fig. 82)

forceps, Orconectes, 29, 114 (fig. 137)

forestae, Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus, 4

fortis, Pacifastacus, 5, 81 (fig. 3)

fossarum, Astacus, 66

fossor, Astacus, 20

friaufi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18, 94 (fig. 59)

gallinus, Cambarus, 47

gambelii, Pacifastacus, 5–6, 81 (fig. 2)

gentryi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18, 95 (fig. 63)

geodytes, Procambarus (Hagenides), 48, 128 (fig. 195)

gibbus, Procambarus (Pennides), 62, 148 (fig. 275)

girardianus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 16, 91 (fig. 47)

Girardiella, subgenus, 3, 47

gonopodocristatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56, 145 (fig. 260)

gracilis, Cambarus, 47

Procambarus (Girardiella), 47, 128 (fig. 193)

graysoni, Cambarus, 14

gulielmi, Cambarus spinosus, 29

hagenianus carri, Cambarus (Girardiella), 4

hagenianus evansi, Cambarus (Girardiella), 4

hagenianus forestae, Cambarus (Girardiella), 4

hagenianus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 47, 128 (fig. 192)

Hagenides, subgenus, 3, 48

halli, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13, 87 (fig. 29)

hamulatus, Cambarus (Aviticambarus), 10, 85 (fig. 21)

Orconectes, 10

harnedi, Cambarus (Paracambarus), 43

harrisonii, Orconectes, 29, 107 (fig. 111)

hathawayi, Orconectes difficilis, 28, 107 (fig. 109)

hayi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56, 141 (fig. 244)

hedgpethi, Fallicambarus, 23, 100 (fig. 83)

Hiaticambarus, subgenus, 3, 15

hinei, Cambarus (Cambarus), 46

Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 46–47, 126 (fig. 187)

hirsutus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56, 136 (fig. 224)

Hobbseus, 3, 25

attenuatus, 25, 103 (fig. 95)

cristatus, 25, 103 (fig. 93)

orconectoides, 25, 103 (fig. 92)

prominens, 25, 103 (fig. 94)

valleculus, 25–26, 104 (fig. 96)

hobbsi, Orconectes, 29–30, 120 (fig. 160)

hoffmanni, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67, 151 (fig. 287)

horsti, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56, 137 (fig. 230)

hortonhobbsi, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67, 152 (fig. 290)

hortoni, Fallicambarus, 23, 101 (fig. 85)

howardi, Cambarus (Cambarus), 11, 86 (fig. 26)

howellae, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 65, 150 (fig. 281)

hubbelli, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 51, 133 (fig. 213)

hubbsi, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 14, 90 (fig. 40)

hubrichti, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 14, 90 (fig. 42)

hybus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56, 142 (fig. 249)

hylas, Orconectes, 30, 113 (fig. 134)

illinoiensis, Orconectes, 30, 112 (fig. 128)

immunis, Orconectes, 30, 121 (fig. 164)

pedianus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 30

spinirostris, Cambarus, 30

incilis, Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 47, 127 (fig. 188)

incomptus, Orconectes, 30–31, 104 (fig. 99)

indianensis, Orconectes, 31, 106 (fig. 105)

inermis inermis, Orconectes, 31, 105 (fig. 100)

inermis, Orconectes, 26, 31

testii, Orconectes, 31, 105 (fig. 101)

iowaensis, Orconectes, 31, 111 (fig. 127)

jaculus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 56–57, 142 (fig. 248)

jeffersoni, Orconectes, 31–32, 109 (fig. 119)

jonesi, Cambarus (Aviticambarus), 10, 85 (fig. 22)

jordani, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13, 88 (fig. 32)

Jugicambarus, subgenus, 3, 16

juvenilis, Orconectes, 32, 116 (fig. 147)

kentuckiensis, Orconectes, 32, 108 (fig. 113)

kilbyi, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 51, 133 (fig. 212)

klamathensis, Astacus, 5, 6

Pacifastacus leniusculus, 6, 81 (fig. 6)

Lacunicambarus, subgenus, 3, 20

laevis, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 15, 91 (fig. 46)

lagniappe, Procambarus (Pennides), 62–63, 148 (fig. 273)

lancifer, Orconectes, 32, 108 (fig. 114)

latimanus, Astacus, 12, 13

Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13, 88 (fig. 33)

latipleurum, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 51, 131 (fig. 205)

lecontei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 57, 140 (fig. 243)

Leconticambarus, subgenus, 3, 49

leniusculus klamathensis, Pacifastacus, 6, 81 (fig. 6)

leniusculus leniusculus, Pacifastacus, 6, 81 (fig. 5)

leniusculus trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 6–7, 81 (fig. 7)

leonensis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 57, 139 (fig. 236)

lepidodactylus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 57, 135 (fig. 222)

leptogonopodus, Orconectes, 32–33, 112 (fig. 131)

lermensis, Cambarellus montezumae, 8

lewisi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 57, 143 (fig. 254)

limosus, Astacus, 26, 33

Orconectes, 33, 105 (fig. 103)

litosternum, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 57, 135 (fig. 221)

llamasi, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 44–45, 125 (fig. 181)

lobdelli, Cambarus (Cambarus), 4

longidigitus, Orconectes, 33, 115 (fig. 142)

longimanus, Orconectes palmeri, 37, 119 (fig. 158)

longirostris, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 16, 92 (fig. 48)

longulus, Cambarus, 15, 16

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 16, 92 (fig. 49)

Lonnbergius, subgenus, 3, 52

lophotus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58, 141 (fig. 245)

lucifugus alachua, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58, 136 (fig. 227)

lucifugus, Cambarus, 4

Crangonyx, 4

lucifugus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58, 137 (fig. 228)

ludovicianus, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes, 20, 97 (fig. 70)

lunzi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58, 138 (fig. 234)

luteus, Orconectes, 33, 117 (fig. 150)

lylei, Orconectes, 63, 147 (fig. 268)

maclanei, Troglocambarus, 68, 153 (fig. 294)

macneesei, Fallicambarus, 23–24, 100 (fig. 80)

macrus, Orconectes, 33–34, 116 (fig. 145)

maletae, Orconectes difficilis, 28, 107 (fig. 108)

mancus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58, 142 (fig. 251)

maniculatus, Astacus, 66

marchandi, Orconectes, 34, 108 (fig. 115)

medius, Orconectes, 34, 117 (fig. 149)

meeki brevis, Orconectes, 34, 119 (fig. 156)

meeki meeki, Orconectes, 34, 118 (fig. 155)

menae, Orconectes, 34–35, 117 (fig. 151)

Mexicambarus, subgenus, 3, 52

mexicanus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 45, 123 (fig. 173)

milleri, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 51–52, 130 (fig. 203)

mirandai, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 45, 124 (fig. 176)

mirus, Orconectes, 35, 115 (fig. 143)

mississippiensis, Orconectes, 35, 120 (fig. 161)

monongalensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 18–19, 95 (fig. 61)

montanus, Cambarus, 10

montezumae, Cambarellus, 8, 84 (fig. 17)

dugesii, Cambarus, 8

lermensis, Carbarellus, 8

var. tridens, Cambarus, 8

Montezumae, Cambarus, 7, 8

nais, Orconectes, 35, 121 (fig. 165)

nana, Orconectes, 35–36, 116 (fig. 144)

natchitochae, Procambarus, 62, 63

Procambarus (Pennides), 63, 146 (fig. 264)

nebrascensis, Cambarus, 20

neglectus chaenodactylus, Orconectes, 36, 115 (fig. 140)

neglectus neglectus, Orconectes, 36, 115 (fig. 141)

Nephropoidea, 3

nerterius, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 21, 98 (fig. 73)

nigrescens, Pacifastacus, 5, 7, 81 (fig. 4)

ninae, Cambarellus, 8, 82 (fig. 11)

niveus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 45, 126 (fig. 186)

obesus, Cambarus, 20

obeyensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 19, 93 (fig. 52)

obscurus, Orconectes, 36, 109 (fig. 117)

obstipus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13, 87 (fig. 31)

occidentalis, Cambarellus, 8, 83 (fig. 13)

ochlocknensis, Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi, 49, 129 (fig. 197)

okaloosae, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 65, 150 (fig. 282)

orcinus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 58–59, 137 (fig. 231)

Orconectes, 3, 26

acares, 26, 113 (fig. 132)

alabamensis, 26, 121 (fig. 166)

australis australis, 26–27, 104 (fig. 97)

australis packardi, 27, 104 (fig. 98)

barrenensis, 27, 114 (fig. 139)

bisectus, 27, 111 (fig. 125)

causeyi, 27, 120 (fig. 163)

compressus, 27–28, 122 (fig. 169)

difficilis blacki, 28, 106 (fig. 107)

difficilis difficilis, 28, 106 (fig. 106)

difficilis hathawayi, 28, 107 (fig. 109)

difficilis maletae, 28, 107 (fig. 108)

erichsonianus, 29, 110 (fig. 123)

eupunctus, 29, 109 (fig. 116)

forceps, 29, 114 (fig. 137)

hamulatus, 10

harrisonii, 29, 107 (fig. 111)

hobbsi, 29–30, 120 (fig. 160)

hylas, 30, 113 (fig. 134)

illinoiensis, 30, 112 (fig. 128)

immunis, 30, 121 (fig. 164)

incomptus, 30–31, 104 (fig. 99)

indianensis, 31, 106 (fig. 105)

inermis, 26, 31

inermis inermis, 31, 105 (fig. 100)

inermis testii, 31, 105 (fig. 101)

iowaensis, 31, 111 (fig. 127)

jeffersoni, 31–32, 109 (fig. 119)

juvenilis, 32, 116 (fig. 147)

kentuckiensis, 32, 108 (fig. 113)

lancifer, 32, 108 (fig. 114)

leptogonopodus, 32–33, 112 (fig. 131)

limosus, 33, 105 (fig. 103)

longidigitus, 33, 115 (fig. 142)

luteus, 33, 117 (fig. 150)

macrus, 33–34, 116 (fig. 145)

marchandi, 34, 108 (fig. 115)

medius, 34, 117 (fig. 149)

meeki brevis, 34, 119 (fig. 156)

meeki meeki, 34, 118 (fig. 155)

menae, 34–35, 117 (fig. 151)

minis, 35, 115 (fig. 143)

mississippiensis, 35, 120 (fig. 161)

nais, 35, 121 (fig. 165)

nana, 35–36, 116 (fig. 144)

neglectus chaenodactylus, 36, 115 (fig. 140)

neglectus neglectus, 36, 115 (fig. 141)

obscurus. 36, 109 (fig. 117)

ozarkae, 36–37, 118 (fig. 153)

palmeri creolanus, 37, 119 (fig. 159)

palmeri longimanus, 37, 119 (fig. 158)

palmeri palmeri. 37, 119 (fig. 157)

pellucidus, 26, 37–38, 105 (fig. 102)

perfectus, 38, 107 (fig. 110)

peruncus, 38, 113 (fig. 135)

placidus, 38, 114 (fig. 138)

propinquus, 38, 39, 109 (fig. 118)

punctimanus, 39, 113 (fig. 133)

putnami, 32, 39, 117 (fig. 148)

quadruncus, 39, 112 (fig. 130)

rafinesquei, 40, 111 (fig. 124)

rhoadesi, 40, 121 (fig. 167)

rusticus, 40, 114 (fig. 136)

sanbornii erismophorous, 40, 110 (fig. 122)

sanbornii sanbornii, 40–41, 110 (fig. 121)

shoupi, 41, 112 (fig. 129)

sloanii, 41, 108 (fig. 112)

spinosus, 32, 41, 116 (fig. 146)

transfuga, 41–12, 118 (fig. 152)

tricuspis, 42, 111 (fig. 126)

validus, 42, 122 (fig. 168)

virginiensis, 42, 110 (fig. 120)

virilis, 42–13, 120 (fig. 162)

williamsi, 43, 118 (fig. 154)

wrighti, 43, 106 (fig. 104)

orconectoides, Hobbseus, 25, 103 (fig. 92)

oreganus, Astacus, 4

ornatus, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 15, 91 (fig. 45)

ortmanni, Cambarus (Cambarus), 11–12, 87 (fig. 28)

Ortmannicus, subgenus, 3, 43, 53

ortmannii, Procambarus (Paracambarus), 61, 145 (fig. 261)

oryktes, Fallicambarus, 24, 101 (fig. 86)

ouachitae, Procambarus (Pennides), 63, 149 (fig. 276)

ozarkae, Orconectes, 36–37, 118 (fig. 153)

Pacifastacus, 3, 5

chenoderma, 5

connectens, 5, 81 (fig. 1)

fortis, 5, 81 (fig. 3)

gambelii, 5–6, 81 (fig. 2)

leniusculus klamathensis, 6, 81 (fig. 6)

leniusculus leniusculus, 6, 81 (fig. 5)

leniusculus trowbridgii, 6–7, 81 (fig. 7)

nigrescens, 5, 7, 81 (fig. 4)

packardi, Orconectes australis, 27, 104 (fig. 98)

paeninsulanus, Cambarus clarkii, 65

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 65–66, 150 (fig. 280)

pallidus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 59, 137 (fig. 229)

palmeri creolanus, Orconectes, 37, 119 (fig. 159)

palmeri longimanus, Orconectes, 37, 119 (fig. 158)

palmeri palmeri, Orconectes, 37, 119 (fig. 157)

Paracambarus, 3, 43

riojae, 66, 67

Paracambarus, subgenus, 4, 43, 61

paradoxus, Cambarus (Paracambarus), 61

Procambarus (Paracambarus), 61–62, 145 (fig. 262)

Parastacoidea, 3

parvoculus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 19, 93 (fig. 55)

patzcuarensis, Cambarellus, 8, 84 (fig. 18)

Pealei, Cambarus, 33

pearsei pearsei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 59, 143 (fig. 253)

pearsei plumimanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 59, 143 (fig. 252)

pecki, Procambarus, 65

Procambarus (Remoticambarus), 65, 149 (fig. 279)

pedianus, Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis, 30

pellucidus, Orconectes, 26, 37–38, 105 (fig. 102)

penicillatus, Astacus, 50

Cambarus, 50, 54

penni, Procambarus (Pennides), 63, 148 (fig. 272)

Pennides, subgenus, 4, 62

perfectus, Orconectes, 38, 107 (fig. 110)

peruncus, Orconectes, 38, 113 (fig. 135)

pictus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 59, 134 (fig. 217)

pilosimanus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 45, 125 (fig. 182)

pilosus, Cambarus, 35

placidus, Orconectes, 38, 114 (fig. 138)

planirostris, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 59–60, 142 (fig. 250)

plumimanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei, 59, 143 (fig. 252)

Pontastacus, subgenus, 3

Potamobius, 5

primaevus, Cambarus, 4

pristinus, Cambarus, 22

Cambarus (Veticambarus), 22, 99 (fig. 79)

Procambarus, 3, 5, 43

acherontis, 52

(Acucauda) fitzpatricki, 43, 122 (fig. 170)

acutus acutus, 37

(Austrocambarus) acanthophorus, 43–44, 125 (fig. 180)

(Austrocambarus) atkinsoni, 44, 125 (fig. 183)

(Austrocambarus) aztecus, 44, 123 (fig. 172)

(Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis, 44, 126 (fig. 185)

(Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis, 44, 126 (fig. 184)

(Austrocambarus) llamasi, 44–45, 125 (fig. 181)

(Austrocambarus) mexicanus, 45, 123 (fig. 173)

(Austrocambarus) mirandai, 45, 124 (fig. 176)

(Austrocambarus) niveus, 45, 126 (fig. 186)

(Austrocambarus) pilosimanus, 45, 125 (fig. 182)

(Austrocambarus) rodriguezi, 45, 123 (fig. 174)

(Austrocambarus) ruthveni ruthveni, 46, 124 (fig. 177)

(Austrocambarus) ruthveni zapoapensis, 46, 124 (fig. 178)

(Austrocambarus) vazquezae, 46, 122 (fig. 171)

(Austrocambarus) veracruzanus, 46, 123 (fig. 175)

(Austrocambarus) williamsoni, 46, 124 (fig. 179)

(Capillicambarus) hinei, 46–47, 126 (fig. 187)

(Capillicambarus) incilis, 47, 127 (fig. 188)

escambiensis, 50

fitzpatricki, 43

(Girardiella) gracilis, 47, 128 (fig. 193)

(Girardiella) hagenianus, 47, 128 (fig. 192)

(Girardiella) simulans regiomontanus, 47, 127 (fig. 191)

(Girardiella) simulans simulans. 47–48, 127 (fig. 190)

(Girardiella) tulanei, 48, 127 (fig. 189)

(Hagenides) advena, 48, 128 (fig. 194)

(Hagenides) geodytes, 48, 128 (fig. 195)

(Hagcnides) pygmaeus, 48–49, 129 (fig. 196)

(Hagenides) rogersi campestris, 49, 129 (fig. 198)

(Hagenides) rogersi expletus. 49, 129 (fig. 199)

(Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis, 49, 129 (fig. 197)

(Hagenides) rogersi rogersi, 49, 130 (fig. 200)

(Hagenides) truculentus, 49, 130 (fig. 201)

(Leconticambarus) alleni, 49–50, 130 (fig. 202)

(Leconticambarus) apalachicolae, 50, 131 (fig. 206)

(Leconticambarus) barbatus, 50, 131 (fig. 204)

(Leconticambarus) capillatus, 50, 132 (fig. 211)

(Leconticambarus) econfinae, 50–51, 131 (fig. 207)

(Leconticambarus) escambiensis, 51, 132 (fig. 208)

(Leconticambarus) hubbelli, 51, 133 (fig. 213)

(Leconticambarus) kilbyi, 51, 133 (fig. 212)

(Leconticambarus) latipleurum, 51, 131 (fig. 205)

(Leconticambarus) milleri, 51–52, 130 (fig. 203)

(Leconticambarus) pubischelae, 52, 132 (fig. 209)

(Leconticambarus) rathbunae, 52, 132 (fig. 210)

(Leconticambarus) shermani, 52, 133 (fig. 214)

(Lonnbergius) acherontis, 52, 133 (fig. 215)

(Mexicambarus) bouvieri, 53, 134 (fig. 216)

natchitochae, 62, 63

(Ortmannicus) acutissimus, 53, 141 (fig. 246)

(Ortmannicus) acutus acutus, 53, 140 (fig. 240)

(Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae, 53–54, 140 (fig. 241)

(Ortmannicus) ancylus, 54, 138 (fig. 233)

(Ortmannicus) angustatus, 54, 136 (fig. 226)

(Ortmannicus) bivittatus, 54, 143 (fig. 255)

(Ortmannicus) blandingii, 54, 139 (fig. 239)

(Ortmannicus) caballeroi, 54–55, 144 (fig. 257)

(Ortmannicus) chacei, 55, 134 (fig. 219)

(Ortmannicus) enoplosternum, 55, 134 (fig. 218)

(Ortmannicus) epicyrtus, 55, 135 (fig. 220)

(Ortmannicus) evermanni, 55, 139 (fig. 237)

(Ortmannicus) fallax, 55, 138 (fig. 235)

(Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus, 56, 145 (fig. 260)

(Ortmannicus) hayi, 56, 141 (fig. 244)

(Ortmannicus) hirsutus, 56, 136 (fig. 224)

(Ortmannicus) horsti, 56, 137 (fig. 230)

(Ortmannicus) hybus, 56, 142 (fig. 249)

(Ortmannicus) jaculus, 56–57, 142 (fig. 248)

(Ortmannicus) lecontei, 57, 140 (fig. 243)

(Ortmannicus) leonensis, 57, 139 (fig. 236)

(Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus, 57, 135 (fig. 222)

(Ortmannicus) lewisi, 57, 143 (fig. 254)

(Ortmannicus) litosternum, 57, 135 (fig. 221)

(Ortmannicus) lophotus, 58, 141 (fig. 245)

(Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua, 58, 136 (fig. 227)

(Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus, 58, 137 (fig. 228)

(Ortmannicus) lunzi, 58, 138 (fig. 234)

(Ortmannicus) mancus, 58, 142 (fig. 251)

(Ortmannicus) orcinus, 58–59, 137 (fig. 231)

(Ortmannicus) pallidus, 59, 137 (fig. 229)

(Ortmannicus) pearsei pearsei, 59, 143 (fig. 253)

(Ortmannicus) pearsei plumimanus, 59, 143 (fig. 252)

(Ortmannicus) pictus, 59, 134 (fig. 217)

(Ortmannicus) planirostris, 59–60, 142 (fig. 250)

(Ortmannicus) pubescens, 60, 135 (fig. 223)

(Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus, 60, 139 (fig. 238)

(Ortmannicus) seminolae, 60, 138 (fig. 232)

(Ortmannicus) texanus, 60, 140 (fig. 242)

(Ortmannicus) toltecae, 60, 144 (fig. 259)

(Ortmannicus) verrucosus, 61, 141 (fig. 247)

(Ortmannicus) viaeviridis, 61, 144 (fig. 256)

(Ortmannicus) villalobosi, 61, 144 (fig. 258)

(Ortmannicus) youngi, 61, 136 (fig. 225)

(Paracambarus) ortmannii, 61, 145 (fig. 261)

(Paracambarus) paradoxus, 61–62, 145 (fig. 262)

pecki, 65

(Pennides) ablusus, 62, 146 (fig. 265)

(Pennides) dupratzi, 62, 147 (fig. 270)

(Pennides) echinatus, 62, 147 (fig. 269)

(Pennides) elegans, 62, 146 (fig. 266)

(Pennides) gibbus, 62, 148 (fig. 275)

(Pennides) lagniappe, 62–63, 148 (fig. 273)

(Pennides) lylei, 63, 147 (fig. 268)

(Pennides) natchitochae, 63, 146 (fig. 264)

(Pennides) ouachitae, 63, 149 (fig. 276)

(Pennides) penni, 63, 148 (fig. 272)

(Pennides) raneyi, 63, 149 (fig. 277)

(Pennides) spiculifer, 64, 148 (fig. 274)

(Pennides) suttkusi, 64, 145 (fig. 263)

(Pennides) versutus, 64, 146 (fig. 267)

(Pennides) vioscai, 64, 147 (fig. 271)

(Procambarus) digueti, 64–65, 149 (fig. 278)

(Remoticambarus) pecki, 65, 149 (fig. 279)

(Scapulicambarus) clarkii, 65, 150 (fig. 283)

(Scapulicambarus) howellae, 65, 150 (fig. 281)

(Scapulicambarus) okaloosac, 65, 150 (fig. 282)

(Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus, 65–66, 150 (fig. 280)

(Scapulicambarus) troglodytes, 66, 151 (fig. 284)

(Tenuicambarus) tenuis, 66, 151 (fig. 285)

tenuis, 66

vazquezae, 43, 46

(Villalobosus) contrerasi, 66, 152 (fig. 289)

(Villalobosus) erichsoni, 66–67, 152 (fig. 288)

(Villalobosus) hoffmanni, 67, 151 (fig. 287)

(Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi, 67, 152 (fig. 290)

(Villalobosus) riojai, 67, 151 (fig. 286)

(Villalobosus) teziutlanensis, 67, 153 (fig. 292)

(Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis, 67, 153 (fig. 293)

(Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis, 67–68, 152 (fig. 291)

wiegmanni, 4

Procambarus, subgenus, 3, 64

prominens, Hobbseus, 25, 103 (fig. 94)

propinquus, Orconectes, 38–39, 109 (fig. 118)

pubescens, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 60, 135 (fig. 223)

pubischelae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 52, 132 (fig. 209)

puer, Cambarellus, 4, 8–9, 82 (fig. 10)

Puncticambarus, subgenus, 3, 20

punctimanus, Orconectes, 39, 113 (fig. 133)

pusillus, Astacus, 10

putnami, Orconectes, 32, 39, 117 (fig. 148)

pycnogonopodus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 60, 139 (fig. 238)

pygmaeus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 48–49, 129 (fig. 196)

quadruncus, Orconectes, 39, 112 (fig. 130)

rafinesquei, Orconectes, 40, 111 (fig. 124)

raneyi, Procambarus (Pennides), 63, 149 (fig. 277)

rathbunae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 52, 132 (fig. 210)

reburrus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 21, 99 (fig. 76)

reduncus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13, 89 (fig. 39)

regiomontanus, Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans, 47, 127 (fig. 191)

Remoticambarus, subgenus, 4, 65

rhoadesi, Orconectes, 40, 121 (fig. 167)

riojae, Paracambarus, 66, 67

riojai, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67, 151 (fig. 286)

rivalis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis, 44, 126 (fig. 184)

robustus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 21–22, 99 (fig. 77)

rodriguezi, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 45, 123 (fig. 174)

rogersi campestris, Procambarus (Hagenides), 49, 129 (fig. 198)

rogersi expletus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 49, 129 (fig. 199)

rogersi ochlocknensis, Procambarus (Hagenides), 49, 129 (fig. 197)

rogersi rogersi, Procambarus (Hagenides), 49, 130 (fig. 200)

rusticiformis, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 15, 90 (fig. 41)

rusticus, Orconectes, 40, 114 (fig. 136)

ruthveni ruthveni, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 46, 124 (fig. 177)

ruthveni zapoapensis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 46, 124 (fig. 178)

sanbornii erismophorous, Orconectes, 40, 110 (fig. 122)

sanbornii sanbornii, Orconectes, 40–41, 110 (fig. 121)

Scapulicambarus, subgenus, 4, 65

schmitti, Cambarellus, 9, 82 (fig. 9)

schmittii, Cambarus, 4, 8

sciotensis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 12, 86 (fig. 27)

seminolae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 60, 138 (fig. 232)

setosus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 19, 96 (fig. 66)

shermani, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 52, 133 (fig. 214)

shoupi, Orconectes, 41, 112 (fig. 129)

shufeldtii, Cambarellus, 9, 82 (fig. 8)

signifer, Cambarus, 30

simulans regiomontanus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 47, 127 (fig. 191)

simulans simulans, Procambarus (Girardiella), 47–48, 127 (fig. 190)

sloanii, Orconectes, 41, 108 (fig. 112)

sphenoides, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 13–14, 88 (fig. 35)

spicatus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 22, 98 (fig. 72)

spiculifer, Procambarus (Pennides), 64, 148 (fig. 274)

spinirostris, Cambarus bartonii, 16

Cambarus immunis, 30

spinosus gulielmi, Cambarus, 29

spinosus, Orconectes, 32, 41, 116 (fig. 146)

strawni, Cambarus, 22, 24

Fallicambarus, 24, 100 (fig. 81)

striatus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 14, 89 (fig. 38)

stygius, Cambarus, 37, 38, 53

subgrundialis, Astacus, 5

suttkusi, Procambarus (Pennides), 64, 145 (fig. 263)

tartarus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 19, 97 (fig. 68)

tenebrosus, Cambarus bartoni, 14, 15

Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 15, 90 (fig. 43)

Tenuicambarus, subgenus, 4, 66

tenuis, Procambarus, 66

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus), 66, 151 (fig. 285)

testii, Orconectes inermis, 31, 105 (fig. 101)

texanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 60, 140 (fig. 242)

teziutlanensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67, 153 (fig. 292)

tlapacoyanensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67–68, 152 (fig. 293)

toltecae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 60, 144 (fig. 259)

transfuga, Orconectes, 41–12, 118 (fig. 152)

tricuspis, Orconectes, 42, 111 (fig. 126)

tridens, Cambarus Montezumae, 8

Troglocambarus, 3, 4, 68

maclanci, 68, 153 (fig. 294)

troglodytes, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 66, 151 (fig. 284)

trowbridgii, Pacifastacus leniusculus, 6–7, 81 (fig. 7)

truculentus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 49, 130 (fig. 201)

tulanei, Procambarus (Girardiella), 48, 127 (fig. 189)

typhlobius, Cambarus, 37

uhleri, Fallicambarus, 24, 101 (fig. 84)

unestami, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 19–20, 93 (fig. 54)

validus, Orconectes, 42, 122 (fig. 168)

valleculus, Hobbseus, 25–26, 104 (fig. 96)

vazquezae, Procambarus, 43, 46

Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 46, 122 (fig. 171)

veracruzanus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 46, 123 (fig. 175)

verrucosus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 61, 141 (fig. 247)

versutus, Procambarus (Pennides), 64, 146 (fig. 267)

veteranus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 22, 99 (fig. 78)

Veticambarus, subgenus, 3, 22

viaeviridis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 61, 144 (fig. 256)

villalobosi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 61, 144 (fig. 258)

Villalobosus, subgenus, 4, 66

vioscai, Procambarus (Pennides), 64, 147 (fig. 271)

virginiensis, Orconectes, 42, 110 (fig. 120)

virilis, Orconectes, 42–43, 120 (fig. 162)

whitmani, Cambarus, 33

wiegmanni, Procambarus, 4

williamsi, Orconectes, 43, 118 (fig. 154)

williamsoni, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 46, 124 (fig. 179)

wisconsinensis, Cambarus, 42

wrighti, Orconectes, 43, 106 (fig. 104)

youngi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 61, 136 (fig. 225)

zapoapensis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni, 46, 124 (fig. 178)

zempoalensis, Cambarellus, 9, 84 (fig. 19)

zihuateutlensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 67–68, 152 (fig. 291)

zophonastes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 20, 96 (fig. 67)

Publication in Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology

Manuscripts for serial publications are accepted by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to substantive review, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums. Non-Smithsonian authors should address inquiries to the appropriate department. If submission is invited, the following format requirements of the Press will govern the preparation of copy.

Copy must be typewritten, double-spaced, on one side of standard white bond paper, with 1½″ top and left margins, submitted in ribbon copy with a carbon or duplicate, and accompanied by the original artwork. Duplicate copies of all material, including illustrations, should be retained by the author. There may be several paragraphs to a page, but each page should begin with a new paragraph. Number consecutively all pages, including title page, abstract, text, literature cited, legends, and tables. The minimum length is 30 pages, including typescript and illustrations.

The title should be complete and clear for easy indexing by abstracting services. Taxonomic titles will carry a final line indicating the higher categories to which the taxon is referable: “(Hymenoptera: Sphecidae).” Include an abstract as an introductory part of the text. Identify the author on the first page of text with an unnumbered footnote that includes his professional mailing address. A table of contents is optional. An index, if required, may be supplied by the author when he returns page proof.

Two headings are used: (1) text heads (boldface in print) for major sections and chapters and (2) paragraph sideheads (caps and small caps in print) for subdivisions. Further headings may be worked out with the editor.

In taxonomic keys, number only the first item of each couplet; if there is only one couplet, omit the number. For easy reference, number also the taxa and their corresponding headings throughout the text; do not incorporate page references in the key.

In synonymy, use the short form (taxon, author, date:page) with a full reference at the end of the paper under “Literature Cited.” Begin each taxon at the left margin with subsequent lines indented about three spaces. Within an entry, use a period-dash (.—) to separate each reference. Enclose with square brackets any annotation in, or at the end of, the entry. For references within the text, use the author-date system: “(Jones, 1910)” and “Jones (1910).” If the reference is expanded, abbreviate the data: “Jones (1910:122, pl. 20: fig. 1).”

Simple tabulations in the text (e.g., columns of data) may carry headings or not, but they should not contain rules. Formal tables must be submitted as pages separate from the text, and each table, no matter how large, should be pasted up as a single sheet of copy.

Use the metric system instead of. or in addition to, the English system.

Illustrations (line drawings, maps, photographs, shaded drawings) can be intermixed throughout the printed text. They will be termed Figures and should be numbered consecutively; however, if a group of figures is treated as a single figure, the components should be indicated by lowercase italic letters on the illustration, in the legend, and in text references: “Figure 9b.” If illustrations (usually tone photographs) are printed separately from the text as full pages on a different stock of paper, they will be termed Plates, and individual components should be lettered (Plate 9b) but may be numbered (Plate 9: figure 2). Never combine the numbering system of text illustrations with that of plate illustrations. Submit all legends on pages separate from the text and not attached to the artwork. An instruction booklet for the preparation of illustrations is available from the Press on request.

In the bibliography (usually called “Literature Cited”), spell out book, journal, and article titles, using initial raps with all words except minor terms such as “and, of, the.” For capitalization of titles in foreign languages, follow the national practice of each language. Underscore (for italics) book and journal titles. Use the colon-parentheses system for volume, number, and page citations: “10(2): 5–9.” Spell out such words as “figures,” “plates,” “pages.”

For free copies of his own paper, a Smithsonian author should indicate his requirements on “Form 36” (submitted to the Press with the manuscript). A non-Smithsonian author will receive 50 free copies: order forms for quantities above this amount with instructions for payment will be supplied when page proof is forwarded.