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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 480

An Illustrated Checklist of the American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae)

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

ISSUED

DCE 23 1989

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS

Washington, D.C.

1989

ABSTRACT

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr. An Illustrated Checklist of the American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 480, 236 pages, 379 figures, 1989.—This alphabetical list consists of the names of all of the American crayfishes, including two fossil species, that were described prior to 1 January 1988. In the treatment accorded each specific or subspecific taxon there is a synonymy citing alterations in generic and subgeneric assignments, erroneous spellings, and synonyms. References are also made to recent descriptions, discussions, and keys. The composition and locations of type series are cited, as are the type locality, range, and habitat of each. Nomina nuda that have been neither validated nor synonymized with other crayfish taxa, together with two names suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, are listed separately. Comparable illustrations, which are arranged in related species groups, are presented for each of the 379 recognized extant species and subspecies. Appendix 1 provides an alphabetical list of American crayfishes and the countries, states, and/or provinces in which they live. Appendix 2 consists of an alphabetical list of American countries and states, or provinces, and their crayfish faunas; also cited are references to studies that pertain either directly to them or which should be helpful in studies of them. Appendix 3 includes information comparable to that in the main body of the checklist on crayfishes described during 1988 and 1989.

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus).

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Hobbs, Horton Holcom be, 1914–

An illustrated checklist of the American crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae).

(Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 480)

Bibliography: p.

Includes index.

Supt. of Docs, no.: SI 1.27:480

1. Crayfish—United States. 2. Crustacea—United States. I. Title. II. Series

Q11.S54 no. 480 591 s [595.3′841] 88-600418

[QL444.M33]

An Illustrated Checklist of the American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae)

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

____________

Horton H. Hobbs, Jr., Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.

Introduction

With the realization that some seventy-odd species had been described since the appearance of the most recent checklist of the North and Middle American crayfishes (Hobbs, 1974b), that a revision of the genus Cambarellus had been completed by Fitzpatrick (1983a), and that a similar undertaking by him treating the genus Orconectes was in progress, it seemed appropriate that preparation begin on updating the 1974 checklist. Soon after the project was initiated, it became obvious that numerous modifications in the synonymies would be essential; to the best of my knowledge, aided by the assistance of those recognized in the “Acknowledgments” section, such emendations and additions have been included.

Although Bahamonde (1951, 1958) and Holthuis (1956) helped immeasurably in elucidating the nature of the parastacid fauna of Chile, and Buckup and Rossi (1980) ably reviewed the parastacids of Brazil and Uruguay, the only comprehensive summary of the crayfishes of South America since Faxon's (1914) compilation was that of Riek (1971). This work constituted an important contribution, particularly in pointing out the distinct nature of the two Chilean stocks, but it lacked the benefit of the information provided in the study of Buckup and Rossi in which species that had been declared synonyms by Riek were resurrected and a previously unknown one was described. With these additions to our knowledge of the South American crayfish fauna, it seemed appropriate that the revised checklist be expanded to encompass the American parastacids. Unfortunately, unavailable at this time is a review of the Chilean crayfish fauna by Dr. Ludwig Buckup, which is in press.

All of the American crayfishes (including two fossil species) that were described prior to 1 January 1987 are believed to be accounted for in the following list. While those few species that have been described since that date do not appear in the list, combinations involving older names have been updated to 1 October 1987, and all new taxa that have come to my attention as of 1 January 1989 are included in Appendix 3.

The format of the 1974 checklist has been followed to the extent possible. Thus a list of collections containing type specimens of American crayfishes is followed by a brief historical summary of nomenclatural changes affecting the supraspecific taxa embracing these American crayfishes, and appended to it is a list of those taxa adopted herein. Preceding the alphabetical list of species the nomina nuda that have been neither validated nor associated with an established crayfish taxon are cited as are those names that have been suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. For each of the specific or subspecific taxa listed, a synonomy is provided in which are included alterations in generic and subgeneric assignments, erroneous spellings, and synonyms; in only rare instances are references to misidentifications listed. Citations are also made to recent descriptions, discussions, illustrations, and keys. The locations of the type series are pointed out, and, where possible, the sexes of the syntypes and primary types (holotype, allotype, and morphotype) are noted. In instances in which the type designations included a holotypic male, form I, and a “paratypic male, form II” (the latter clearly separated from the remainder of the paratypic series), the paratypic male has been referred to here as “morphotype,” the name enclosed in quotation marks. In citing the types of those taxa for which a morphotype was designated by the describer, the quotation marks are omitted.

The type locality, range, and habitats are cited for each species and subspecies. The designations “primary, secondary, and tertiary burrowers” follow Hobbs (1942b:20): primary burrowers are those largely restricted to burrows; secondary burrowers are those that generally occupy burrows but often wander into open water during times when the mouths of the burrows are flooded; and tertiary burrowers are those that burrow “only in periods of drought or occasionally [or usually], but not necessarily, during the breeding season.”

To the extent possible, the illustrations, which are arranged in related species groups, are made from types of the species, and the rather few instances in which types were not available, specimens were chosen from, or as close to, the type locality as possible (see “Explanation of Illustrations”).

Appendix 1 consists of an alphabetical list of the families, subfamilies, genera, species, and subspecies of the crayfishes occurring in the Americas and the countries and states or provinces in which each occurs. Appendix 2 contains a list of the countries and states or provinces with references to the crayfishes (listed in Appendix 1) that are known or have been reported to occur within their boundaries. Appendix 3 consists of an alphabetical list of American crayfishes described during 1987 and 1988, after this manuscript had been completed.

LOCATION OF TYPES.—The following abbreviations are used for institutional collections and most personal collections in which specimens of one or more type series have been deposited.

Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist.

Alabama Museum of Natural History, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York.

AMS

Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia.

ANSP

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

BCPM

British Columbia Provincial Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

BMNH

British Museum (Natural History), London, England. (paratypes not listed in Hobbs (1974b) subsequently received in exchange from USNM.)

BSNH

Boston Society of Natural History, Boston, Massachusetts.

Chas. Mus.

Charleston Museum, South Carolina.

CM

Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.

GM

Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland.

FSM

Florida State Museum, Gainesville, Florida.

FSBC

Bureau of Marine Research, St. Petersburg, FLorida.

IBM

Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

INHS

Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana, Illinois.

La. Polytechnic Inst.

Louisiana Polytechnic Institute, Ruston, Louisiana.

MCZ

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

MHNP

Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.

MMNH

Mississippi Museum of Natural History, Jackson, Mississippi.

MMZ

Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

MN.UFRJ

Museu Nacional da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Mus. Washburn Coll.

Museum of Washburn College, now Department of Biology, Washburn University, Topeka, Kansas.

Mus. Zool. Torino

Instituto e Museo de Zoologia, Della Universita di Torino, Italy.

NCSM

North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina

NMV

National Museum of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.

OSM

Ohio State Museum, Columbus, Ohio.

PM

Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

RNHL

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands

RR

Collection of Rendell Rhoades, Ashland College, Ashland, Ohio (insofar as is known, all of collection has now been deposited in OSM or USNM).

TMM

Texas Memorial Museum, Austin, Texas.

TU

Department of Zoology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.

UF

Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (most, if not all of the crayfish types in this collection were transferred to FSBC).

USNM

Collections of former United States National Museum, now in National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

UTM

University of Tennessee Museum, Knoxville, Tennessee

UZM

Universitets Zoologiske Museum, Krystalgade, København ∅, Denmark.

Würzburg Mus.

WØrzburg Museum, Würzburg, Germany.

ZBM

Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt–Universität, Berlin, East Germany.

ZIAS

Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.

In addition, paratypic specimens of a few species have been reported to be in the collections of the following: D.W. Albaugh, address uncertain; Donald Batch, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky; Joe B. Black, Louisiana College, Pineville, Louisiana; Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Troy C. Dorris, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; H.H. Hobbs III, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio; Leslie Hubricht, Meridian, Mississippi; Hugo L. James, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut; Max R. Matteson, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois; Ronald D. Oesch, Glendale, Missouri; Joseph F. Pickett, Sr., Jacksonville, Florida; Rudolph Prins, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky; Rollin D. Reimer, address uncertain; H.W. Robison, Southern Arkansas University, Magnolia, Arkansas; Jerry G. Walls, Hightstown, New Jersey.

Five large crayfish collections—those of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, personal collections of Raymond W. Bouchard, Joseph F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., and the author—have been transferred to the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and most, if not all, of the paratypic specimens cited by previous authors as having been deposited in those collections are now in the Smithsonian crayfish collection.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF AMERICAN CRAYFISHES.—North America and Middle America: Prior to the publication of the first summary treatment of North American crayfishes by Girard (1852), the eight recognized species were assigned to the genus Astacus. Erichson (1846) had proposed the subgenus Cambarus to receive the North American species included in his study, and this taxon was elevated to generic rank by Girard (1852) in his revision of the nearctic crayfishes in which 20 species were recognized. With the adoption of the genus Cambarus by Hagen (1870) in his “Monograph of the North American Astacidae,” in which a clear delineation was made between Cambarus (occurring east of the continental divide) and Astacus (largely restricted to the western versant) a generic stability became established that remained unchanged until 1933. Faxon (1884) presented the first checklist of holarctic crayfishes and listed 60 North American species. In the following year, his revision of the family Astacidae appeared, but in it he made few changes in the “species groups” that had been proposed by Hagen.

As recounted in my previous checklist (Hobbs, 1974:2–3),

with some reshuffling of species, Ortmann (1905c, 1905d, 1906a) proposed the recognition of six subgenera of Cambarus: Cambarus, Bartonius, Faxonius, Cambarellus, Procambarus, and Paracambarus. Fowler (1912), in reviewing the Crustacea of New Jersey, pointed out that Ortmann (1905c) overlooked Faxon's (1898) selection of Astacus Bartonii Fabricius as the type species of Cambarus. Ortmann had chosen that crayfish as the type species of the subgenus Bartonius, and Astacus Blandingii Harlan as that of his subgenus Cambarus. Thus the name Bartonius was shown to be a junior objective synonym of Erichson's Cambarus, and Ortmannicus was proposed to replace Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus.

In his checklist of the crayfishes[,] Faxon (1914) included 110 species and subspecies from North America but recognized no subgenera. An alteration in the generic assignment of the North American crayfishes had its inception with Creaser (1933a) who elevated Ortmann's subgenus Faxonius to generic rank. Not until 1942, however, was there a major departure from the generic structure that had been established by Girard (1852) and Hagen (1870).

Creaser (1933b) erected the monotypic subgenus Faxonella to recieve Cambarus clypeatus Hay. This subgenus was questionably accorded generic status by Creaser (1962) and was clearly so treated by Fitzpatrick (1963).

Lyle (1938) designated the subgenus Girardiella to encompass Faxon's (1914) Group II.

Hobbs (1942a) proposed the elevation of Ortmann's subgeneric groupings of Cambarus to generic rank, recognizing the subfamilies Astacinae and Cambarinae, the latter comprising the following genera: Cambarus, Procambarus (including Fowler's Ortmannicus and Lyle's Girardiella), Orconectes (= Ortmann's Faxonius), Cambarellus, Paracambarus, and Troglocambarus, the latter described as new. Orconectes Cope (1872) was considered to be a subjective senior synonym of Ortmann's Faxonius.

[Bott (1950), in revising the European crayfishes, proposed the genus Pacifastacus to receive the American astacids largely restricted to the Pacific versant of North America, a group that had been assigned previously to the genus Astacus].

Villalobos (1955) recognized the Cambaroidinae [comprising the eastern Asiatic crayfishes] as a subfamily of the Astacidae, and Laguarda (1961) designated a fourth subfamily, the Cambarellinae. Fitzpatrick and Payne (1968) added the genus Hobbseus, and Hobbs (1969b), in revising the genus Cambarus, proposed the genus Fallicambarus. In the latter revision, 10 subgenera of Cambarus were recognized. One of them, Barbicambarus, was elevated to generic rank by Bouchard (1972a).

In 1972, Hobbs (1972a) recognized 16 subgenera of Procambarus, resurrecting the subgenus Ortmannicus (Fowler, 1912) and Girardiella (Lyle, 1938) and returning Paracambarus to subgeneric status in Procambarus. Later in the same year, Hobbs’ (1972b) key to most of the crayfishes included [t]herein was made available.

In a synopsis of the families and genera of crayfishes of the world, Hobbs (1974a) proposed a revised structure of the Astacuran infraorder Astacidea in which three superfamilies, Nephropoidea, Parastacoidea, and Astacoidea were recognized and diagnosed. Synonymies and diagnoses were included for the families and genera of the last two. In that study, the subfamily Cambarinae was elevated to familial rank, and the proposal made that, in addition to the nominate subfamily, the Cambaroidinae and Cambarellinae be included within it. The most recent checklist of the North (and Middle) American crayfishes was that of Hobbs (1974b) in which 294 species and subspecies were recognized.

Bouchard and Hobbs (1976) added the monotypic subgenus Exilicambarus to the genus Cambarus, and Hobbs (1977c) proposed the monotypic genus Bouchardina for a disjunct crayfish occurring in southwestern Arkansas. Bouchard (1978b) erected the subgenus Hobbsastacus in the genus Pacifastacus, and Hobbs (1981) recognized the then monotypic subgenus Distocambarus of the genus Procambarus. The latter subgenus was elevated to generic rank by Hobbs and Carlson (1983). Hobbs (1983) proposed the subgenus Fitzcambarus to receive an apparently disjunct member of the genus.

The genus Cambarellus was revised by Fitzpatrick (1983a) who recognized within it three subgenera: Dirigicambarus and Pandicambarus in addition to the nominate subgenus. The most recent major revision was that of Fitzpatrick (1987a) who proposed the recognition of 10 subgenera in the genus Orconectes: Billecambarus, Buannulifictus, Crockerinus, Faxonius, Gremicambarus, Hespericambarus, Orconectes, Procericambarus, Rhoadesius, and Tragulicambarus.

South America: Of those who described crayfishes occurring in South America, the first five authors (Poeppig, 1835; H. Milne Edwards, 1837; Nicolet, 1849; Martens 1869; and Philippi, 1882, 1894) who described crayfishes occurring on this continent employed the generic name Astacus. In a revision of the genus, Erichson (1846) proposed that five subgenera of Astacus be recognized, and assigned all of the American crayfishes (including Astacus (C.) Chilensis H. Milne Edwards, 1837) to the subgenus Cambarus; presumably, he was unaware of Poeppig's (1835) description of A. pugnax. Herklots (1861), in abstracting the taxa treated by De Haan in his Fauna Japonica, placed the same species in the subgenus Astacus. The generic name Parastacus Huxley (1879) was not generally applied to the South American crayfishes until Faxon (1898:683) expanded the definition of the genus and presented descriptions of five new species, two of which had been previously described. The only supraspecific change that has been suggested subsequent to the adoption of the generic name Parastacus was the proposal of Riek (1971) that two of the species that had been assigned to Parastacus be reassigned to a new genus Samastacus, establishing the new combinations S. araucanius (Faxon, 1914) and S. spinifrons (Philippi, 1882). The most recent study adding or ressurecting taxa was that of Buckup and Rossi (1980).

SYNOPSIS OF AMERICAN ASTACIDEA.—The following structuring of the American Astacidea is modified from the classification of the Astacidea presented by Hobbs (1974a, 1974b).

Infraorder ASTACIDEA

Superfamily NEPHROPOIDEA Dana, 1852 (lobsters and marine allies)

Superfamily ASTACOIDEA Latreille, 1802–1803

Family ASTACIDAE Latreille, 1802–1803

Genus Pacifastacus Bott, 1950

Subgenus Hobbsastacus Bouchard, 1978b

Subgenus Pacifastacus Bott, 1950

Family CAMBARIDAE Hobbs, 1942a

Subfamily CAMBARELLINAE Laguarda, 1961

Genus Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c

Subgenus Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c

Subgenus Dirigicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a

Subgenus Pandicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a

Subfamily CAMBARINAE Hobbs, 1942a

Genus Barbicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Bouchardina Hobbs, 1977c

Genus Cambarus Erichson, 1846

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Cambarus, Erichson, 1846

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Exilicambarus Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Distocambarus Hobbs, 1981

Subgenus Distocambarus Hobbs, 1981

Subgenus Fitzcambarus Hobbs, 1983

Genus Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Subgenus Creaserinus Hobbs, 1973a

Subgenus Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b

Genus Faxonella Creaser, 1933b

Genus Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968

Genus Orconectes Cope, 1872

Subgenus Billecambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Buannulifictus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Crockerinus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c

Subgenus Gremicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Hespericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Orconectes Cope, 1872

Subgenus Procericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Rhoadesius Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Subgenus Tragulicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a

Genus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle, 1938

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs, 1972a

Subgenus Villalobosus Hobbs, 1972a

Genus Troglocambarus Hobbs, 1942a

Superfamily PARASTACOIDEA Huxley, 1879

Family PARASTACIDAE Huxley, 1879

Genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879

Genus Samastacus Riek, 1971

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—Again, I extend my thanks to all of those persons listed under “Acknowledgments” in Hobbs (1974b:4) for their assistance in obtaining information concerning crayfish types and/or for their criticisms and suggestions pertaining to one or more drafts of that manuscript, and for corrections and improvements resulting from their assistance in the preparation of the 1974 checklist that have been incorporated in this revision. In subsequent queries concerning a number of items in the 1974 checklist, J.F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., has been most helpful, and his careful reading, suggestions, and corrections of the manuscript have resulted in a much more reliable and complete final version. Invaluable also was the assistance of Douglas G. Smith, of the University of Massachusetts, who provided me with meticulous responses to questions related to type material housed in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Jacques Forest, of the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, generously furnished me not only with photographs of H. Milne Edwards’ type of Astacus chilensis, but lent me the other South American parastacids in the Paris museum. Gustavo Augusto S. de Melo of the Museu de Zoologia da São Paulo kindly lent me a specimen of Parastacus laevigatus, which could not be obtained elsewhere.

A number of persons have assisted in checking the numerous references cited herein or have read parts or the entire manuscript, offering advice and criticisms; those assisting with the present manuscript are Margaret A. Andolshek, formerly of the Smithsonian Institution; three other Smithsonian colleagues, Thomas E. Bowman, Fenner A. Chace, Jr., and C.W. Hart, Jr.; H.H. Hobbs III of Wittenberg University; Douglas G. Smith, and Monica Ter-Minasian, of the Madeira School; and my wife, Georgia B. Hobbs. Janice Clark and C.W. Hart, Jr., have been both patient and helpful in assisting me in organizing the manuscript in the word processor, as has Molly Ryan in offering advice involving the preparation of the figures. Through the expertise of Carolyn S. Hahn of the Smithsonian Library, many incomplete and/or difficult-to-find references became available. To all of those persons mentioned above I extend my thanks for their interest and help; unquestionably, the compilation is much improved by their contributions. Finally, I am indeed grateful to Barbara Spann and Don Fisher for the skillful editing of this work.

Nomina Nuda neither Validated nor Synonymized with Other Crayfish Taxa

Through the efforts of J.F. Fitzpatrick, Jr., the nomina nuda created by Clay Lyle (1938), and listed by Hobbs (1974b:4) in his checklist as not having been validated or synonymized with other species, now have been associated with previously or subsequently described taxa. The synonymies involved were kindly furnished to me by Dr. Fitzpatrick (in litt., 3 March 1983). During his tenure on the faculty of Mississippi State University, Dr. Fitzpatrick received from Dr. Lyle the collection on which the latter had based his unpublished dissertation and the abstract (1938) creating the nomina nuda. Much of the collection was in rather poor condition, but retrievable parts of it are now housed in the Smithsonian Institution. The synonymies involved may be traced through the index herein.

To my knowledge, only two nomina nuda applied to American crayfishes, one inadvertently, have not been unquestionably synonymized with currently recognized crayfish taxa:

Cambarus schmittii Penn, 1941:8 [questionably synonymized with Cambarellus puer Hobbs (Hobbs, 1974b:4)].

Cambarus lucifugus Packard, 1888:82 [lapsus for Crangonyx lucifugus Hay, an amphipod (Hobbs, 1974b:4)].

Suppressed Names

Astacus fossor Rafinesque, 1817:42 [Suppressed by Opinion 522 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. (See Hemming, 1958:212.)]

Astacus oreganus Randall, 1840:138 [Suppressed by Opinion 855 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. (See Melville and China, 1968:84.)]

Species Inquirenda

With the discovery of additional fossils conspecific with Cambarus primaevus Packard (1880:222) (= Procambarus (Austrocambarus) primaevus (Feldmann et al., 1981:794)), only the lack of an association of one taxon with a crayfish seems to remain:

Procambarus wiegmanni (Erichson)

Astacus (Cambarus) Wiegmanni Erichson, 1846:99.

Cambarus Wiegmanni.—Hagen, 1870:54.

Cambarus wiegmanni.—Faxon, 1890:621.

Procambarus wiegmanni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1974b:4.

Procambarus weigmanni.—Villalobos, 1949:338 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus Weigmanni.—Villalobos, 1950:381 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Type lost from BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mexico.

RANGE.—Unknown.

HABITAT.—Unknown.

REMARKS.—Nothing further is known than was reported in my previous checklist (Hobbs: 1974b:4–5):

The identity of this crayfish has not been recognized with certainty since it was described. Villalobos (1950) reviewed its history and designated Erichson's name a nomen nudum. Inasmuch as Erichson diagnosed and described the species and stated that it occurs in Mexico, it cannot be considered a nomen nudum.

The species was referred to the genus Procambarus on the basis of Erichson's (1846:99) statement, “Des zweite Glied am dritten und am vierten Beinpaar beim Männchen mit einem hakenförmigen Fortsatz).” Only [three] crayfish genera are known to occur in Mexico [Orconectes (G.) virilis has been reported to have been introduced (Campos and Contreras, 1985:218)], and, of the [three], this statement could apply only to a member of the genus Procambarus.

The Checklist

Family ASTACIDAE Latreille, 1802–1803

Genus Pacifastacus Bott

Astacus.—Dana, 1852:522.

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:90.

Cambrus.—Girard, 1852:90 [erroneous spelling].

Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Cambaras.—Anonymous, 1927, explanation of figure [erroneous spelling].

Cambals.—Anonymous, 1927:258 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus Bott, 1950:24. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus Klamathensis Stimpson, 1857a:87. Gender: masculine.]

Pasifastacus.—Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pacificastacus.—LaCaze, 1970:2 [erroneous spelling].

Pasifasticus.—Anonymous, 1972, cover page [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spelling].

Gambelly.—Cabantous, 1976:50 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Hobbsastacus Bouchard, 1977b:38 [nomen nudum]; 1978b:431. [Type species, by original designation, Cambrus [sic] Gambelii Girard, 1852:90 (= “Astacus Gambelii Girard, 1852:90”). Gender: masculine.]

Pacifiastacus.—Mason, 1976:473 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifasticus.—Crenshaw, Lemons, and Russo, 1980:243 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Hobbsastacus Bouchard

Cambrus.—Girard, 1852:90 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Astacus.—Stimpson, 1857a:87.

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:31.

Subgenus Astacus.—Faxon, 1898:666.

Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Subgenus Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Pacifastacus Bott, 1950:24.

Gambelly.—Cabantous, 1976:50 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Hobbsastacus Bouchard, 1977b:38 [nomen nudum];1978b:431. [Type species, by original designation, Cambrus [sic] Gambelii Girard, 1852:90 (= “Astacus Gambellii Girard, 1852:90.” Gender: masculine.]

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) chenoderma (Cope)

Astacus chenoderma Cope, 1871:606.—Rathbun, 1926:130, pl. 29: fig. 7; pls. 31–34.

?Astacus subgrundialis Cope, 1871:605. [Types not extant. Type locality, “fresh water deposit in the Territory of Idaho, near Hot Springs Mountain.”]

?Astacus breviforceps Cope, 1871:606. [Types not extant. Type locality, same as that for Astacus chenoderma, see below.]

Astacus chinoderma.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus chenoderma.—Hobbs, 1974b:5.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) chenoderma.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

TYPES.—Syntype, USNM 353343; other syntypes probably lost.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Catherine's creek, Idaho.” According to an annotation in a reprint, this is “a local name for the upper part of Castle Creek, Owyhee County.” Previously reported to be a Pliocene deposit, Feldmann et al. (1981:788) stated that this fossil was “described from the Miocene Payette Formation in Idaho and Oregon.”

RANGE.—Miocene and Pliocene(?) deposits in Idaho and Oregon.

REMARKS.—Rathbun (1926) redescribed and figured Cope's A. chenoderma, suggesting that both A. breviforceps and A. subgrundialis are probable synonyms. Since the types are lost and accounts of specimens assignable to either have not appeared since Miss Rathbun's review of the species, I have followed her in including these species as probable synonyms of Pacifastacus chenoderma. The species was transferred to the genus Pacifastacus and referred to the subgenus Hobbsastacus because the rostrum with as many as seven pairs of marginal spines is a feature foreign to members of the Eurasian Astacidae but strongly resembles that of four members of the American astacid genus Pacifastacus: P. connectens, P. fortis, P. gambelii, and P. nigrescens.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) connectens (Faxon)

FIGURE 1

Astacus gambelii connectens Faxon, 1914:360, pl. 7: figs. 6, 10, pl. 10.

Pacifastacus gambelii connectens.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus gambeli connectens.—Riegel, 1959:43.

Pacifastacus gambelii connectans.—Holt, 1960:61 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus connectens.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 12d, 14a; 1974b:5, fig. 1.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) connectens.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

Pacifastacus conectens.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:155 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 23096 (2 males, 1 female), USNM 44410 (1 female), MCZ 7385 (1 male) transferred from USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Snake River, Upper Salmon Falls, Twin Falls County (not Logan County as cited by Hobbs, 1974b), Idaho.

RANGE.—Idaho and Oregon.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) fortis (Faxon)

FIGURE 3

Astacus nigrescens fortis Faxon, 1914:360, pl. 7: figs. 5, 9, pl. 9: fig. 2.

Pacifastacus nigrescens fortis.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus fortis.—Hobbs, 1972b:23, figs. 13c, 14c; 1974b:5, fig. 3.—Eng and Daniels, 1982:197, figs. 1–6.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) fortis.—Bouchard, 1978b:431; 1980a:416.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 44404 (1 male, 2 females), USNM 44405 (3 females), MCZ 7383 (1 male, 1 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Fall River, Fall City Mills, Shasta County, California.

RANGE.—Known only from Shasta County, California.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) gambelii (Girard)

FIGURE 2

Cambrus Gambelii Girard, 1852:90 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Astacus Gambelii.—Stimpson, 1857b:492.—Hagen, 1870:90, pl. 1: figs. 97, 98, pl. 3: fig. 170, pl. 11.

Astacus Gambeli.—Hagen, 1870:28 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Gambeli.—Hagen, 1870:31 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) Gambelii.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Astacus Gambellii.—Underwood 1886:364 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) gambelii.—Faxon, 1898:666 [by implication].

Astacus gambeli.—Kingsley, 1899:822 [erroneous spelling].

Potamobius (Potamobius) gambeli.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication; erroneous spelling].

Astacus gambelii gambelii.—Faxon, 1914:360 [by implication].

Astacus gambelii.—Rathbun, 1926:133.

Pacifastacus gambelii gambelii.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus gambelii.—Kozloff, 1955:156.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 13a, 14b; 1974b:5, fig. 2.

Pacifastacus gambeli.—Riegel, 1959:29, 43–44, figs. 3c, 8.

Astacus gambelii.—Laguarda, 1962:284 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus gambelii gambelii.—Laguarda, 1962:280 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus gambelii.—Hobbs, 1967a:130 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus gambelli gambelli.—Hobbs, 1967a:130 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) gambelii.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

TYPES.—Syntypes, ANSP 1531 (10+, mostly fragments), ANSP 1532 (5 specimens).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“California.”

RANGE.—Pacific slope and in the Missouri River drainage in California(?), Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) nigrescens (Stimpson)

FIGURE 4

Astacus nigrescens Stimpson, 1857a:87; 1857b:492.—Hagen, 1870:92, pl. 3: fig. 168.

Astacus (Astacus) nigrescens.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Potamobius (Potamobius) nigrescens.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Astacus nigrescens nigrescens.—Faxon, 1914:360 [by implication].

Pacifastacus nigrescens nigrescens.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].

Pacifastacus nigrescens.—Riegel, 1959:44, figs. 3d, 9, 10.—Hobbs, 1972b:23, figs. 13b, 14d; 1974b:7, fig, 4.—Bouchard, 1978c:419.

Pacifastacus nigresens.—Goldman, 1973:107 [erroneous spelling].

Gambelly nigrescens.—Cabantous, 1976:50 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) nigrescens.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

TYPES.—Not extant; “probably destroyed in Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:408).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Vicinity of San Francisco, California.

RANGE.—Vicinity of San Francisco, California.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—This crayfish is probably extinct.

Subgenus Pacifastacus Bott

Astacus.—Dana, 1852:522.

Subgenus Astacus.—Faxon, 1884:151 [by implication].

Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Subgenus Potamobius.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Cambaras.—Anonymous, 1927, unnumbered figure [erroneous spelling].

Cambals.—Anonymous, 1927:258 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus Bott, 1950:24. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus Klamathensis Stimpson, 1857a:87. Gender:masculine.]

Subgenus Pacifastacus.—Brinck, 1968:85.

Pasifasticus.—Anonymous, 1972, cover page [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifiastacus.—Mason, 1976:473 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus klamathensis (Stimpson)

FIGURE 6

Astacus Klamathensis Stimpson, 1857a:87.—Hagen, 1870:93, pl. 3: fig.169.—Faxon, 1885a:131, pl. 6: figs. 1, 2.

C[ambarus] Klamathensis.—Hagen, 1870:102 [erroneous combination].

Astacus klaymathensis.—Huxley, 1880b:223 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) Klamathensis.—Faxon, 1884:151 [by implication].

Astacus klamathensis.—Faxon, 1890:634.

Astacus (Astacus) klamathensis.—Faxon, 1898:665.

Potamobius (Potamobius) klamathensis.—Ortmann, 1902:286.

Pacifastacus klamathensis.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:41, figs. 3b, 7, 10.

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis.—Miller and Van Hyning, 1970:77.—

Hobbs, 1974b:6, fig. 6 [not 5 as noted].

Pacifastacus leniusculus leniusculus.—Hobbs, 1974b:81 [figs. 5 and 6 are interchanged].

Pacifastacus klamathenis.—Upson, 1977:43 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus klamathensis.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

Pacifastacus leniuscilus klamathensis.—Huner and Barr, 1980:145 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis.—Brodsky, 1981:188 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus lenisculus klamathensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:155 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Not extant; “probably destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:409).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lake Klamath, Klamath County, Oregon.

RANGE.—British Columbia and Idaho south to central California.

HABITAT.—Lakes and cold, swift streams.

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus leniusculus (Dana)

FIGURE 5

Astacus leniusculus Dana, 1852:522, 524; 1855, pl. 33: fig. 1a,b.—Hagen, 1870:94.

Astacus laeviusculus.—Lockington, 1878:304 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus leenisculus.—Huxley, 1880a:305 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) leniusculus.—Faxon, 1884:151 [by implication]; 1885a:132, pl. 6: fig. 4.

Potamobius (Potamobius) leniusculus.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication].

Potamobius leniusculus.—Bowkiewicz, 1926:1.

Cambaras americanus Anonymous, 1927, unnumbered figures [nomen nudum].

Cambals americunus Anonymous, 1927:258 [nomen nudum].

Pacifastacus leniusculus.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:39, figs. 1d–h, 3a, 6, 10.

Pacifastacus lenuisculus.—Hopkins, 1967:53 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus trowbridgeii.—Sanders, 1967:33 [figure: misidentification and erroneous spelling].

“Astacus” (Pacifastacus) leniusculus.—Brinck, 1968:85.

Pacifastacus leniusculus leniusculus.—Miller and Van Hyning, 1970:77.—Hobbs, 1972b:21, figs. 12a, 14e; 1974b:6, fig. 6 (not 5 as noted).

Pasifasticus leniusculus.—Anonymous, 1972, cover page [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus leniuscus.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spellings].

Pacifastacus lenisculus.—Brodsky, 1973:52 [erroneous spelling].

P[acifastacus] I. lenusculus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:132 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis.—Hobbs, 1974b:fig. 6 [figs. 5 and 6 are interchanged].

Pacifastacus lenuisculus.—Schapiro, 1975:15 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus leniusculus.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

Pacifasticus leniusculus.—Crenshaw, Lemons, and Russo, 1980:243 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus liniusculus.—Crenshaw, Lemons, and Russo, 1980:254 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniuskulus.—Brodsky, 1981:109 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus I. leniuaculus.—Brodsky, 1981:189 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus I. lenisculus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:155 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus lenisuculus.—McGriff, 1983:238 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniusculas.—Avault and Huner, 1985:43 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 2019 (1 male), USNM 2161 (1 male), USNM 44408 (1 male).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Columbia River and Puget Sound, Washington.

RANGE.—British Columbia, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Introduced into Sweden (Svardson, 1965:92) and Japan (Kamita, 1970:140).

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

REMARKS.—Astacus leniusculus was placed on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology, name number 2244, in Opinion 855 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. (See Melville, 1968:84).

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus trowbridgii (Stimpson)

FIGURE 7

Astacus Trowbridgii Stimpson, 1857a:87; 1857b:493.—Hagen, 1870:93, pl.3: fig. 171, pl. 10.

Astacus Trownbridgi.—Huxley, 1883:271 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Astacus) Trowbridgii.—Faxon, 1884:152 [by implication].

Astacus (Astacus) trowbridgii.—Faxon, 1898:666 [by implication].

Astacus trowbridgii.—Hay 1899b:958.

Potamobius (Potamobius) trowbridgei.—Ortmann, 1902:286 [by implication; erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus trowbridgii.—Bott, 1950:24 [by implication].—Riegel, 1959:30, fig. 1c–e.—Mason, 1970a:37, figs. 1–16; 1970b:969, figs. 1–7.

Astacus trowbridgi.—Pennak, 1953:461.

Astacus trowbridgei.—Pilgrim, 1960:249 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus Trowbridgii.—Haertel and Osterberg, 1967:464.

Pacifastacus trowbridgeii.—Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pasifastacus trowbridgeii.—Sanders, 1967:33 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii.—Miller and Van Hyning, 1970:77.—Hobbs, 1972b:22, figs. 5a, 12b; 1974b:6, fig. 7.

Pacifastacus trowbridgi.—Goldman, 1973:106 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastaculus trowbridgii.—Kamita, 1973:123 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus trawbridgii.—Miyake, 1973:7 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus leniuslus trowbridgii.—Mason, 1976:450 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus trowbridgei.—Lake and Newcombe, 1975:211 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifiastacus leniusculus trowbridgii.—Mason, 1976:473 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifasticus leniusculus trowbridgii.—Momot and Gowing, 1977:2043 [erroneous spelling].

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus trowbridgii.—Bouchard, 1978b:431.

Pacifastacus lenisculus trowbridgii.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:155 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 2080 (2 males, 2 females), MCZ 3510 (1 male), BSNH, PM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Columbia River above Astoria, Oregon.

RANGE.—British Columbia, California, Idaho, Oregon, Nevada and Washington. Introduced into Japan (Kamita, 1970:148).

HABITAT.—Streams and lakes.

Family CAMBARIDAE Hobbs, 1942a

Subfamily CAMBARELLINAE Laguarda, 1961

Genus Cambarellus Ortmann

Cambarus.—Saussure, 1857a:102.

Subgenus Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c:106. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Montezumae Saussure, 1857a:102. Gender: masculine.].—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267.

Cambarellus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350.

Camberellus.—Villalobos, 1953:357 [erroneous spelling].

Caambarus.—Villalobos, 1955:276 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarella.—Carlisle and Knowles, 1959:50 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Dirigicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Shufeldtii Faxon, 1884:134. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Pandicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarellus schmitti Hobbs, 1942b:149. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Cambarellus Ortmann

Cambarus.—Saussure, 1857a:102.

Subgenus Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905c:106. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Montezumae Saussure, 1857a:102. Gender:masculine.].—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267.

Cambarellus.—Hobbs, 1942a:340.

Caambarus.—Villalobos, 1955:276 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) alvarezi Villalobos

FIGURE 9

Cambarellus alvarezi Villalobos, 1952:525, pl. 1: figs. 1–7, pl. 2: figs. 1–5.—Hobbs, 1972b:27, fig. 15f; 1974b:7, fig. 14.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) alvarezi.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3L.

TYPES.—Holotype and morphotype, IBM 1-1952 (male I, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Potosí, Nuevo León, 23 km (14.4 mi) northwest of Galena, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—“Colecta realizada en un deposito de agua de una cuenca cerrada, situada en la parte Norte de Valle Salado” (Villalobos, 1952:531).

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) areolatus (Faxon)

FIGURE 12

Cambarus Montezumae var. areolata Faxon, 1885a:123.

Cambarus montezumae areolatus.—Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 66: fig. 2.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae areolatus.—Ortmann, 1906a:23.

Cambarellus montezumae areolatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1955:276.

Cambarellus montezumae var. areolata.—Villalobos, 1953:358.

Caambarus montezumae areolatus.—Villalobos, 1955:276 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus areolatus.—Hobbs, 1972b:27, figs. 16b, 17b; 1974b:7, fig. 16.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) areolatus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3s.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3650 (male I, 3 females, male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Near Parras, Coahuila, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from vicinity of type locality.

HABITAT.—Unknown.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chapalanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 10

Cambarus chapalanus Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 67: figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus chaplanus.—Harris, 1903:82 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarellus) chapalanus.—Ortmann, 1905c:106.

Cambarus montezumae chapalanus.—Faxon, 1914:371.

Cambarus chapalamus.—Van Straelen, 1942:5 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus montezumae chapalanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].

Cambarellus chapalanus.—Villalobos, 1955:277.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16c, 17c; 1974b:7, fig. 15.

Cambarellus campalanus.—Villalobos, 1983:263 [erroneous spelling in Hobbs’ translation].

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chapalanus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3P.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 17698 (male I); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lake Chapala, State of Jalisco, Mexico.

RANGE.—Jalisco and Michoacán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chihuahuae Hobbs

FIGURE 11

Cambarellus chihuahuae Hobbs, 1980:194, fig. 1.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chihuahuae.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:267, fig. 3K.

Cambarellus chihauhuae.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:160 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148895, 148896, 148897; paratypes, USNM, BMNH, RNHL.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ojo de Carbonera, 4.3 kilometers (2.7 mi) south of Ejido Rancho Nuevo, approximately 57.6 kilometers (36 air miles) west of Villa Ahumada (30°35′N, 106°51′W), Chihuahua, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) montezumae (Saussure)

FIGURE 14

Cambarus Montezumae Saussure, 1857a:102; 1858:459, fig. 22.

Cambarus Montezumae var. tridens von Martens, 1872:130. [Syntypes, ZBM. Type locality: Puebla, Mexico.]

Cambarus Montezumae Montezumae.—von Martens, 1872:130 [by implication].

Cambarus montezumae.—Faxon, 1890:633.

Cambarus montezumae montezumae.—Faxon, 1898:660 [by implication].

Cambarus montezumae dugesii Faxon, 1898:660, pl. 66: fig. 1. [Syntypes, USNM 16087 (4 male II, 12 female), MCZ. Type locality: State of Guanajuato, Mexico.]

Cambarus montezumae dugesi.—Hay, 1899b:960.—Villalobos, 1953:345.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae.—Ortmann, 1905c:106.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae dugesi.—Ortmann, 1906a:20.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) Montezumae.—Andrews, 1910:83 [by implication].

Cambarellus montezumae.—Hobbs, 1942a:340; 1972b:28, figs. 16f, 18b,d; 1974b:8, fig. 17.

Cambarellus montezumae montezumae.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1943:588, pl. 1; 1955:256; 1983:243.

Cambarellus montezumae dugesii.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].

Cambarellus montezumae forma lermensis Villalobos, 1943:603, pl. 2: figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 20. [Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 50043(009) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM. Type locality: Lerma, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.]

Cambarellus Montezumae.—Villalobos, 1943:587.

Cambarellus montezumae lermensis.—Villalobos, 1953:345, 359; 1955:38, 262, pl. 59: figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 20; 1983:40, 248, pl. 59: figs. 3, 5, 8, 11, 14, 18, 20.

Cambarellus montezumae var. tridens.—Villalobos, 1953:345.

Cambarellus montezumae dugesi.—Villalobos, 1953:345.

Cambarus montezumae var. tridens.—Villalobos, 1953:353.

Cambarellus montazumae.—Huner and Barr, 1980:140 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) montazumae.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 30.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 20583 (male I), GM (uncatalogued, dry, 13 specimens), BMNH 3587.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Swamps of the Valley of Mexico; ponds in Chapultepec Park, Mexico.

RANGE.—Pacific slope and Valley of Mexico.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) occidentalis (Faxon)

FIGURE 8

Cambarus montezumae occidentalis Faxon, 1898:661, pl. 66: figs. 3, 4.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae occidentalis.—Ortmann, 1905c:106 [by implication].

Cambarellus montezumae occidentalis.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1953:358; 1955:276.

Cambarellus occidentalis.—Hobbs, 1972b:27, figs. 16a, 17a; 1974b:8, fig. 13.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) occidentalis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3M.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3652 (2 male I, 2 male II, female dry).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mazatlán, State of Sinaloa, Mexico.

RANGE.—Michoacán and Sinaloa, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzcuarensis Villalobos

FIGURE 15

Cambarellus montezumae patzcuarensis Villalobos, 1943:607, pl. 2: figs. 1, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23; 1953:345; 1955:265, pl. 59: figs. 1, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23; 1983:252, pl. 59: figs. 1, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23.—Miyake, 1973, fig. 9.—Kamita, 1973:123, figs. 1–4.

Cambarellus patzacuarensis.—Villalobos, 1953:345 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus patzcuarensis.—Villalobos, 1955:280.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16d, 17d; 1974b:8, fig. 18.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzquarensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzcuarensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:274, fig. 3R.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 90040(005) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lago de Patzcuaro, State of Michoacán, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Lake.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) prolixus Villalobos and Hobbs

FIGURE 13

Cambarellus prolixus Villalobos and Hobbs, 1981:490, figs. 1–3.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) prolixus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3N.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 177206, 177207, 177208 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, RNHL, TMM, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lago de Chapala, 500 meters offshore from north levee at Ajijic, Jalisco, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from Lago de Chapala.

HABITAT—Lentic situations.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) zempoalensis Villalobos

FIGURE 16

Cambarellus montezumae forma zempoalensis Villalobos, 1943:601, pl. 2: figs. 2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 17, 22.

Cambarellus montezumae zempoalensis.—Villalobos, 1953:345; 1955:257, pl. 59: figs. 2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 17, 22; 1983:244, pl. 59: figs. 2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 17, 22.

Cambarellus zempoalensis.—Hobbs, 1972b:28, figs. 16e, 18a, c; 1974b:9, fig. 19.

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) zempoalensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267, fig. 3Q.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 100042(00FA) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lagunas de Zempoala, State of Morelos, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Crater lakes.

Subgenus Dirigicambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:134.

Subgenus Cambarellus.—Ortmann, 1905c:106.

Cambarellus.—Hobbs, 1942a:350.

Cambarella.—Carlisle and Knowles, 1959:50 [erroneous spelling]. Subgenus Dirigicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a:267. [Type species, by original designation,

Cambarus Shufeldtii Faxon, 1884:134. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarellus (Dirigicambarus) shufeldtii (Faxon)

FIGURE 17

Cambarus Shufeldtii Faxon, 1884:134; 1885a:124, pl. 7: fig. 1; pl. 10: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus shufeldtii.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus shufeldti.—Ortmann, 1902:278.

Cambarus (Cambarellus) shufeldti.—Ortmann, 1905c:106.

Cambarellus shufeldtii.—Hobbs, 1942a:350 [by implication]; 1972b:25, fig. 15a; 1974b:9, fig. 8.—Penn, 1942:644; 1959:14, figs. 24, 45, 63, 77, 86.—Hobbs and Marchand, 1943:17, figs. 1, 11, 15, 21.—Albaugh and Black, 1973, fig. 2.—Huner, 1977:10.—Bouchard, 1978d, cover photograph.—Page, 1985b:363, figs. 90–93.—Pflieger, 1987a:29; 1987b:13.

Cambarellus shufeltdii.—Bick, Homuff, and Lambremont, 1953:227 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus shufeltdii.—Pennak, 1953:462.

Cambarella shufeldti.—Carlisle and Knowles, 1959:50 [erroneous spelling.]

Cambarellus schufeldi.—Sprague and Couch, 1971:530 [erroneous spelling.]

Cambarellus shufeldtii.—Anonymous, 1976, caption for illustration on unnumbered page [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus shulfeldtii.—Jordan and Dunham, 1981:385 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus (Dirigicambarus) shufeldtii.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3c.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4860 (3 male I, 7 female), MCZ 3684 (male I, male II, 2 females).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Near New Orleans, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Mississippi River drainage system in southern Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, and in Louisiana east of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers; Red River system in Louisiana and Texas; Brazos and Colorado rivers in Texas; Pascagoula, Pearl, upper Tombigbee, and Escatawpa river systems in Mississippi; and southwestern Alabama. Introduced into Rapides, St. Bernard, and St. Tammany parishes, Louisiana (Penn, 1950b:422), and into Harris County, Georgia (Penn, personal communication). It has not been collected subsequently in the last-mentioned area.

HABITAT.—Swamps, ditches, sloughs, lakes, ponds, and sluggish streams. Burrows as water disappears from habitat.

Subgenus Pandicambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Penn, 1941:8.

Cambarellus.—Hobbs, 1942b:149.

Subgenus Pandicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarellus schmitti Hobbs, 1942b:149. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) blacki Hobbs

FIGURE 18

Cambarellus blacki Hobbs, 1980:201, fig. 2.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) blacki.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3E.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148901, 148902, and 148903; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small cypress pond at Oak Grove, Escambia County, FLorida.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Cypress pond.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) diminutus Hobbs

FIGURE 24

Cambarellus diminutus Hobbs, 1945b:467, figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 17, 18, 20, 25, 26; 1972b:26, fig. 15b; 1974b:7, fig. 12.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) diminutus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3H.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81554 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, CM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Sand-bottomed stream, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south of Irvington, Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Mobile County, Alabama, and George and Jackson counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Pools, sluggish portions of streams and ditches. Burrows as water disappears from habitat.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) lesliei Fitzpatrick and Laning

FIGURE 20

Cambarellus schmitti.—Hobbs, 1942b:151 [in part].

Cambarellus lesliei Fitzpatrick, 1976b:55 [nomen nudum].—Fitzpatrick and Laning, 1976:138, fig. 1.

Cambarellus leslei.—Bouchard, 1978b:451 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) lesliei.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3F.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146616, 146617, 146618 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—0.5 mile (0.8 km) south of Alabama Port, Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Baldwin, Mobile, and Washington counties, Alabama, and George County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams and pools.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) ninae Hobbs

FIGURE 23

Cambarellus ninae Hobbs, 1950a:89, figs. 1–17; 1972b:26, fig. 15d; 1974b:8, fig. 4.—Albaugh and Black, 1973:177, fig. 2.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) ninae.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3J.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 89768, 89770, 89769 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Borrow ditches in the Aransas Refuge (along East Short Road), Aransas County, Texas.

RANGE.—Aransas, Calhoun, Refugio, and Victoria counties, Texas.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer Hobbs

FIGURE 21

?Cambarus schmittii Penn, 1941:8 [nomen nudum].

Cambarellus puer Hobbs, 1945b:469, figs. 7–9, 11, 14–16, 19, 21–24; 1972b:27, figs. 5c, 15e; 1974b:8, fig. 10.—Penn, 1950b:423.—Albaugh and Black, 1973:177, fig. 2.—Chambers, Payne, and Kennedy, 1979:39, figs. 1–5; 1980:169, figs. 1–4.—Page, 1985b:366, figs. 94–97.—Pflieger, 1987a:29; 1987b:13.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3G.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81556 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 7 miles (11.2 km) west of Dayton, Liberty County, Texas, on U.S. Highway 90.

RANGE.—From Brazos and Brazoria counties, Texas, eastward through the coastal plain to and in the Mississippi basin from the lower part of the delta to Johnson County, Illinois.

HABITAT.—Swamps, ditches, sloughs, ponds, and sluggish streams.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) schmitti Hobbs

FIGURE 19

Cambarellus schmitti Hobbs, 1942b:149-153 [in part, not specimens from Alabama], figs. 176-180, 286-295; 1972b:26, fig. 15c; 1974b:9, fig. 9.—Fitzpatrick and Laning, 1976:137.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) schmitti.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, fig. 3D.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81291 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, Chas. Mus., TU, UF (now in USNM and FSBC).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small spring flowing into the Suwannee River at Branford, Suwannee County, Florida (Sec. 16, T. 6S, R. 14E).

RANGE.—From Santa Rosa County, eastward to the Suwannee River drainage system in Florida.

HABITAT.—Clear streams and springs.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) texanus Albaugh and Black

FIGURE 22

Cambarellus texanus Albaugh and Black, 1973:177, fig. 1.

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) texanus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983a:268, 3I.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144191, 144192, 144193 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, Texas A&M University, and Joe B. Black.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ditch beside Farm Road 521, 1.5 mile (2.4 km) south, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Wadsworth, 12 miles (19.2 km) south of Bay City, Matagorda County, Texas.

RANGE.—East of the Lavaca River and Bay to the Brazos River drainage system, Texas.

HABITAT.—Roadside ditches.

Subfamily CAMBARINAE Hobbs, 1942a

CAMBARINAE Hobbs, 1942a:338.

CARBARINAE Eberly, 1955:283 [erroneous spelling].

Genus Barbicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:120.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Subgenus Barbicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:98. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus cornutus Faxon, 1884:120. Gender: masculine.]

Barbicambarus.—Bouchard, 1972a:56.

Barbicambarus cornutus (Faxon)

FIGURE 25

Cambarus cornutus Faxon, 1884:120; 1885a:80, pl. 5: figs. 1, 2; pl. 9: figs. 3, 3′.—Cooper and Cooper, 1968:19, illustrated.

Cambarus (Bartonius) cornutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) cornutus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Barbicambarus) cornutus.—Hobbs, 1969b:98, figs. 2d, 5, 13k, 14j, 17b; 1974b:9, fig. 20.

Barbicambarus cornutus.—Bouchard, 1972a:56.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3566 (1 male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Green River, near Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Barren and Green river systems in Kentucky and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Bouchardina Hobbs

Bouchardina Hobbs, 1977c:734. [Type species, by original designation, Bouchardina robisoni Hobbs, 1977c:734. Gender: feminine.]

Bourchardina.—Anonymous, 1987:4 [erroneous spelling].

Bouchardina robisoni Hobbs

FIGURE 26

Bouchardina robisoni Hobbs, 1977c:734, fig. 1.

Bourchardina robinsoni.—Anonymous, 1987:4 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147146, 147147, 145743 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Backwaters of Bayou Bodcaw (Red River Basin) in borrow ditch along Sunray Road, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Lewisville off State Route 29, Lafayette County, Arkansas (Sec. 14, T. 15S, R. 2W).

RANGE.—Bodcaw and Dorcheat bayou basins in southwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Lentic to sluggish lotic situations.

Genus Cambarus Erichson

Astacus.—Fabricius, 1798:407.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:97. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Faxon, 1898:644), Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407. Proposed as subgenus of Astacus. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:88.

Cambrarus.—Anonymous, 1861:27 [erroneous spelling].

Gambarus.—Huxley, 1880b:81 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes Cope, 1881:881 [in part].

Camburus.—Faxon, 1885c:358 [erroneous spelling].

Camberus.—W.S. Miller, 1895:336 [erroneous spelling].

Camparus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

S[ambarus].—Steele, 1902:11 [erroneous spelling].

Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97. [Type species, by original designation, “C. bartoni” Fabricius, 1798:407. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, treated unintentionally as generic name by Williamson, 1907:749, and declared a synonym of Cambarus by Fowler, 1912:341. Gender: masculine.]

?Cambaraus.—Turner, 1926:43 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarug.—Bierstein and Vinogradov, 1934:62 [erroneous spelling].

Bartontius.—Rioja, 1941:193 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaus.—Okada, 1948:133 [erroneous spelling].

Canbarus.—McKeever, 1958:324 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:96. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965:268. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99. [Type species, by original designation, Orconectes hamulatus Cope, 1881:881. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus Hay, 1902a:232. Gender:masculine.]

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:101. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870:73. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:102. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus latimanus LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:105. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852:90. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:106. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus bartonii asperimanus Faxon, 1914:391. Gender:masculine.]

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:110. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus diogenes Girard, 1852:88. Gender: masculine.]

Cambaroides.—Unestam, 1969:204 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Cambaras.—Bouchard, 1973a:106 [erroneous spelling].

Cambraus.—Peters, 1975:iii [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Exilicambarus Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:2. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Exilicambarus) cracens Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:2. Gender: masculine.]

Carbarus.—Bouchard, 1976c:17 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarinus.—Spitzy, 1976:445 [erroneous spelling].

Camabarus.—Huner, 1977:12 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus.—Wharton, 1978:46 [lapsus calami].

cabarus.—Root, 1979:K-2 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaurs.—Brodsky, 1983:465 [erroneous spelling].

Cabmarus.—Thome, 1987:421 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs

Orconectes Cope, 1881:881 [in part].

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:145 [in part].

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Subgenus Aviticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99. [Type species, by original designation, Orconectes hamulatus Cope, 1881:881. Gender: masculine.]

Carbarus.—Bouchard, 1976c:17 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus (Cope)

FIGURE 27

Orconectes hamulatus Cope, 1881:881, pl. 7: fig. 1a, b.

Cambarus hamulatus.—Faxon, 1884:145.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:17, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Bartonius) hamulatus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hamulatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Ortmann, 1931:96.

Cambarus hamueatus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:99, figs. 5, 13f, 14f, 17j; 1974b:10, fig. 21.

Cambarus hamuetus.—Bouchard, 1976a:573 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes haninlatus.—Brodsky, 1981:199 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3678 (male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Nickajack Cave, Marion County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—From the upper Sequatchie Valley, Tennessee, southward to Blount County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi Hobbs and Barr

FIGURE 28

Cambarus jonesi Hobbs and Barr, 1960:19, figs. 11–20.

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi.—Hobbs, 1969b:99, figs. 5, 17k; 1974b:10, fig. 22.

Aviticambarus jonesi.—Cooper, 1975:54.—Culver, 1982:65.

Carbarus jonesi.—Bouchard, 1976c:17 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 104407, 104408, 104799 (male I, female, male II); paratypes: TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cave Spring Cave, 12.1 miles (19.4 km) northwest of Valhermosa, Morgan County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River basin between Florence and environs of Guntersville, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson

Astacus.—Fabricius, 1798:407.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:97 [in part].—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].—Hobbs, 1969b:109. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Faxon 1898:644), Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:88.

Subgenus Astacus.—Herklots, 1861:144.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Bartonius.—Williamson, 1907:749 [intended as subgeneric name].

Procambarus.—Estrada, 1972:73 [lapsus].

Cambaras.—Bouchard, 1973a:106 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii (Fabricius)

FIGURE 29

Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407.

Astacus ciliaris Rafinesque, 1817:42 [Types not extant. Type locality: brooks near Fishkill, Dutchess County, and Newburgh, Orange County, New York.]

Astacus pusillus Rafinesque, 1817:42. [Types not extant. Type locality: brooks in New York, near “Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain, Utica, Oswego, &c”]

Astacus bartonii.—Harlan, 1835:230.

Astacus Bartoni.—Tellkampf, 1845:85.

Astacus (Cambarus) Bartonii.—Erichson, 1846:97.

Cambarus Bartonii.—Girard, 1852:88.

Cambarus montanus Girard, 1852:88. [Types destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871; paratype(?) ANSP 322 (male II), from James River, Virginia. Type locality, restricted by Ortmann, 1931:114, “Tributary of James River, Rockbridge County, Virginia.”]

Cambarus pusillus.—Girard, 1852:90.

Astacus (Astacus) Bartonii.—Herklots, 1861:144.

Cambarus Bartoni.—Hagen, 1870:30.

Cambarus bartonii.—Packard, 1880:222.

Cambarus Bartonii Bartonii.—Faxon, 1885a:61 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni.—Shufeldt, 1898:227.

Cambarus bartonii bartonii.—Hay, 1899b:959 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni bartoni.—Hay, 1902b:435.—Crocker, 1957:42, pl. 1: figs. 2, 3, 6, pl. 2: figs. 5–7.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:117, 120.

Astacus bartoni.—Ortmann, 1906b:348.

Cambarus bartoni typicus.—Ortmann, 1906b:450.

Cambarus bartonius bartoni.—Chidester, 1908:710.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Cambarus bartonii montanus.—Faxon, 1914:385.

Cambarus montanus montanus.—Ortmann, 1931:106.

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus montanus.—Ortmann, 1931:114.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni bartoni.—Ortmann, 1931:130.

Cambarus bartoni montanus.—Ortmann, 1931:114.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii.—Fleming, 1938:303.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, figs. 5, 13, 14, 191; 1974b:10, fig. 23.

Cambarus bartonius.—Roberts, 1944:370 [erroneous spelling].

Canbarus bartoni.—Thompson, 1967:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus bartonni.—Coleman, 1972:21 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus bartoni.—Estrada, 1972:73 [lapsus calami].

Cambaras bartoni.—Bouchard, 1973a:106 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni bartonii.—Hobbs III, 1975:298 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (cambarus) bartonii bartonii.—Seaman, 1979:24 [lapsus].

Cambarus boutoni.—Blewett and Eble, 1979:39 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Type, UZM (male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—North America; “probably neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pa.” (Faxon, 1914:423).

RANGE.—New Brunswick, Canada, to northern Georgia, and eastern parts of Kentucky and Tennessee to the Atlantic Ocean; restricted to the mountains and foothills in South Carolina and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Mostly lotic habitats, but occasionally frequenting ponds and often burrowing along streams and in seepage areas.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris Hay

FIGURE 30

Cambarus bartonii carinirostris Hay, 1914:384.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni carinirostris.—Ortmann, 1931:107.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, fig. 19m; 1974b:11, fig. 24.—Thoma, 1982:875.—Thoma and Jezerinac 1982:136.—Jezerinac, 1983:4.

TYPES.—“Type” and paratypes, USNM 23962 (male I, 7 male II, 15 female); paratypes, MCZ 7399 (male I, male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Gandy Creek at Osceola, Randolph County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Cheat, Greenbrier, and Tygart rivers in West Virginia and widespread in eastern Ohio. Exact range not known.

HABITAT.—Small to moderate sized streams.

REMARKS.—Both Ortmann (1931) and Hobbs (1972b) have remarked on the advisability of recognizing this subspecies, and the latter indicated that “it is questionable that this subspecies should be recognized.” Bouchard (1976b:587) recognized no subspecies of Cambarus (C.) bartonii and placed Hay's C. (C.) bartonii carinirostris and C. (C.) bartonii cavatus in synonomy with this species. Inasmuch as Jezerinac (1983) and Thoma (1982), who are currently investigating the subspecies of Cambarus bartonii, continue to recognize the two non-nominate subspecies, the two taxa are provisionally retained herein.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii cavatus Hay

FIGURE 31

Camparus bartonii.—Williamson, 1899:47.

Cambarus bartoni cavatus Hay, 1902b:435.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni.—Ortmann 1905c:120 [in part].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii cavatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1969b:109, figs. 5, 19n; 1974b:11, fig. 25.

Cambarus bartonii cavatus.—Faxon, 1914:425.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni cavatus.—Ortmann, 1931:127.

Cambarus (Cambarus) species L.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, fig. 5.

Cambarus species K.—Hobbs, 1969b:145 [not p. 109 and fig. 5].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 25017 (male II, female, 2 juv. male).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Powell River, Tazewell, Claiborne County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—From Tennessee and northwestern Georgia to southwestern Virginia and Ohio.

HABITAT.—Streams and springs.

REMARKS.—See “Remarks” under Cambarus (C.) bartonii carinirostris.

Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 32

Cambarus (Cambarus) species K.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, fig. 5.

Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi Hobbs and Hall, 1969:281, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1974b:11, fig. 26.

Cambarus howardi.—Anonymous, 1971:158.

Procambarus howardi.—Wharton, 1978:46 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129866, 129867, 129868 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Sope Creek, tributary to the Chattahoochee River at Paper Mill Road, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) above mouth, Cobb County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Chattahoochee drainage system from Lumpkin and Hall counties, Georgia, to Lee County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams, usually in riffle areas.

Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni Williamson

FIGURE 34

Bartonius ortmanni Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as a subgeneric name].

Cambarus (Bartonius) ortmanni Williamson, 1907:754, pl. 35: figs. 1–3.

Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1969b:109, figs. 5, 19o; 1974b:11, fig. 28.

Cambarus ortmanni.—Faxon, 1914:394.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.826 (male I, female), MCZ 7587 (female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Six-Mile Creek and Craven Ditch, tributary to Wabash River, above Bluffton, Wells County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Indiana and Ohio, and adjacent northern Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Cambarus) sciotensis Rhoades

FIGURE 33

Cambarus bartoni sciotensis Rhoades, 1944b:96.

Cambarus sciotensis.—Holt, 1954:170.—Hobbs, Holt, and Walton, 1967:27, fig. 5.

Cambarus bartonii sciotensis.—Hobbs, 1955b:330.

Cambarus (Cambarus) sciotensis.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, figs. 5, 19p; 1974b:12, fig. 27.—Jezerinac and Thoma, 1984:120, figs. 6, 7.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81533 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Limestone cliffs below O'Shaughnessy Dam, Scioto River, Sec. 3, Liberty Township, Delaware County, Ohio.

RANGE.—Scioto and Little Scioto river drainages in Ohio, and Kanawha drainage in southwestern Virginia and West Virginia. Jezerinac and Thoma (1984:123) stated that this crayfish seems to be restricted to the Scioto and Little Scioto rivers and to tributaries of the Ohio River in Scioto and Lawrence counties, Ohio. They did not mention the populations in the Kanawha Basin of Virginia and West Virginia that formerly have been assigned to this species.

HABITAT.—Riffle areas in small to large streams.

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—LeConte, 1856:402.

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:83.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Subgenus Depressicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:102. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus latimanus LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) catagius Hobbs and Perkins

FIGURE 42

Cambarus catagius Hobbs and Perkins, 1967:141, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) catagius.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18c; 1974b:12, fig. 36.—Bouchard, 1978a:30, figs. 1d, 2a.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117779, 117780, 117781 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lawn at East Whittington Street in southeastern section of Greensboro, Guilford County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis Hobbs

FIGURE 44

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis Hobbs, 1970b:251, figs. 3, 4; 1974b: 12, fig. 37; 1981:100, figs. 23h, 37e, 39a, 43, 44, 198.—Bouchard, 1978a:30, figs. 1c, j, m, 2b.

Cambarus cymatilis.—Hobbs, 1970b:241.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129860, 129861, 129862 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Western city limits of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia, in lawn and rose garden of Mr. Charles S. Dunn, off Chestnut Street

RANGE.—Vicinity of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia, and along Mill Creek, upstream from State Route 74, Bradley County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) deweesae Bouchard and Etnier

FIGURE 46

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) deweesae Bouchard and Etnier, 1979:589, fig. 1.

Cambarus deweesae.—Bouchard and Etnier, 1979:596.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 148363, 148364 (male I, female), and morphotype, CM 74.1092; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage area near east bank of Poplar Creek at State Highway 61 (south side of highway), Anderson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known from only four localities in the Clinch (Anderson County) and Emory (Roane County) river basins in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 36

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi Hobbs and Hall, 1972:151, fig. 1a–n.—Hobbs, 1974b:12, fig. 30; 1981:92, figs. 23j, 37a, 39b, 40, 41, 199.—Bouchard, 1978a:31, figs. 1b, h, 3c.

Cambarus englishi.—Wharton, 1978:46.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131700, 131701, 132519 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tallapoosa River, in riffle area 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Tallapoosa, Haralson County, Georgia, a few hundred yards east of bridge on State Route 100.

RANGE.—Endemic in the Tallapoosa Basin, where known from two subjacent localities in Georgia and from Clay, Cleburne, and Tallapoosa counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) graysoni Faxon

FIGURE 49

Cambarus graysoni Faxon, 1914:393.—Hobbs, 1974b:14.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus)striatus.—Hobbs, 1969b, fig. 8; 1974b, fig. 38.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) graysoni.—Bouchard, 1976b:589; 1978a:31, figs. 1k, 2c, 3d, e, 4a-1.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3593 (male II, 3 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bear Creek, a tributary of Green River, Grayson Springs, Grayson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Nashville Basin, Highland Rim, and western edge of the Cumberland Plateau in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) halli Hobbs

FIGURE 35

Cambarus halli Hobbs, 1968a:269, figs. 12–22.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) halli.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18e; 1974b:13, fig. 29; 1981:96, figs. 23i, 37b, 39c, 42, 43, 200.—Bouchard, 1978a:33, figs. 1a, e, 3f.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129288, 129289, 129290 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of the Tallapoosa River, 1.3 miles (2.1 km) south of the river on U.S. Highway 27, Haralson County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tallapoosa drainage system in Alabama and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) harti Hobbs

FIGURE 47

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) harti Hobbs, 1981:104, figs. 23e, 38b, 39d, 41, 45, 201.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148348, 148349, 148350 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage and wooded area adjacent to the National Fish Hatchery at Warm Springs, Meriwether County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Known from only two localities in the piedmont section of the Chattahoochee and Flint river basins in Meriwether County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus (Le Conte)

FIGURE 38

Astacus latimanus LeConte, 1856:402.

Cambarus latimanus.—Hagen, 1870:83, pl. 1: figs. 43–46; pl. 3: fig. 162.—Faxon, 1885a:69, pl. 2: fig. 3.—Hobbs, 1942b:158, figs. 186–190.

Cambarus obesus var. latimanus.—Packard, 1880:222.

Cambarus Jordani Faxon, 1884:119; 1885a:83, pl. 3: fig. 3. [Type: MCZ 3561 (male II). Type locality: Etowah River, near Rome, Floyd County, Georgia]

Cambarus jordani.—Hay, 1899b:959.

Cambarus latimus.—Steele, 1902:7 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Bartonius) latimanus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120.

Cambarus (Bartonius)jordani.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) latimanus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) jordani.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. If, 8, 13g, 14g, 18f; 1974b:13, fig. 33; 1981:109, figs. 23f, 37c, d, 39e-g, 46–51, 202.—Bouchard 1978a:34, figs. 11, 2a, b, 5–8.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) jordani.—Hobbs, 1969b:104 [by implication]

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3378 (male I, dry), MCZ 236 (listed by Faxon, 1914:425, as paratypes), ANSP 329 (female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Athens, Clarke County, Georgia (by subsequent designation, Faxon 1914:395).

RANGE.—Piedmont and coastal plain from the Tar and Cape Fear basins in North Carolina southward to the Altamaha and Apalachicola basins in Georgia and Florida, westward to the Coosa Basin in Alabama.

HABITAT.—Small to moderately large streams and burrows (secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus Hall

FIGURE 37

Cambarus obstipus Hall, 1959:221, figs. 1–9.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18g; 1974b:13, fig. 31.—Bouchard, 1978a:37, figs. li, 2f, 3g.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 102123, 102124 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Black Warrior River at Underwood's Ferry, 8 miles (12.8 km) downstream from Cordova, Walker County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known only from the Black Warrior River system in Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) pyronotus Bouchard

FIGURE 40

Cambarus latimanus.—Hobbs, 1942b:159 [in part]

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) pyronotus Bouchard, 1978a:37, fig.9.

Cambarus pyronotus.—Bouchard, 1978a:27.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146761, 146762, 146763 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Burrows along tributary of the Apalachicola River south of Indian Ridge, Torreya State Park, Liberty County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus Hobbs

FIGURE 50

Cambarus reduncus Hobbs, 1956b:61, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18h; 1974b: 13, fig. 39.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99183, 99184, 99185 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Floodplain pools of Little River, 10.3 miles (16.3 km) west of Winnsboro on State Route 22, Fairfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Piedmont Province from Orange County, North Carolina to Richland County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams, ponds, and burrows (primary or secondary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reflexus Hobbs

FIGURE 39

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reflexus Hobbs, 1981:120, figs.23c, 38a, 39h, 52, 53, 203.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148116, 148117, 148118 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Savannah River floodplain at U.S. Highway 301, Allendale County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Coastal plain of the Savannah through the Santee basins in Georgia and South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) sphenoides Hobbs

FIGURE 41

Cambarus bartonii bartonii.—Hobbs and Shoup, 1942:636, figs. 5, 8.

Cambarus sphenoides Hobbs, 1968a:262, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Depessicambarus) sphenoides–.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18i; 1974b:13, fig. 35.—Bouchard, 1978a:40, figs. 1g, 3j.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129325, 129326, 129327 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to Clear Creek (Emory River drainage), 11.2 miles (17.9 km) north of Crossville, Cumberland County, Tennessee, on U.S. Highway 127.

RANGE.—Stream tributaries of the Cumberland, Emory, Sequatchie, and Tennessee river systems on the Cumberland Plateau in Kentucky and Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus Hay

FIGURE 48

Camburus sp. [Ashland City, Tennessee].—Faxon, 1885c:358 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Cambarus latimanus striatus Hay, 1902b:437.

Cambarus (Bartonius) latimanus var. striatus.—Ortmann, 1905c:119 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) latimanus striatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni striatus.—Ortmann, 1931:140.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni striatus.—Fleming, 1938:303.

Cambarus latimanus.—Fleming, 1939:311 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus latimus.—Fleming, 1939:319 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) floridanus Hobbs, 1941b:114, figs. 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 16, 19, 22, 25, 31. 32. [Holotype and allotype: USNM 79341. “Morphotype”: USNM 79344. Paratypes: USNM, MCZ, FSBC. Type locality: 12 miles (19.2 km) west of Tallahassee on State Route 19, Leon County, Florida]

Cambarus bartonii striatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:354 [by implication].

Cambarus floridanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:356; 1942b:161, pl. 11: figs. 191–195.

Cambarus bartoni striatus.—Rhoades, 1944a:114.

Cambarus striatus.—Hobbs, 1956b:61.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, fig. 18j; 1974b:14 [not fig. 38, see C. (D.) graysoni herein]; 1981:127, figs. 23g, 38c, d, 39i, 53–55, 204.—Bouchard, 1978a:40, figs. 2d, e, 10–14.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) floridanus.—Hobbs, 1969b:104, figs. 8, 18d.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 20519 (male I, 3 male II, 4 female), MCZ 7348 (male I, male II, 3 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—From the Savannah and Ochlockonee basins in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida westward into Mississippi and northward through Tennessee into the Green watershed in Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams and burrows (primary burrower in the southern part of the range).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) strigosus Hobbs

FIGURE 45

Cambarus sp.—Wharton, 1978:46.

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) strigosus Hobbs, 1981:134, figs. 23d, 38e, 39j, l, 41, 56, 205.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148284, 148574, 148575 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch within 30 meters of Susan Smith Branch (tributary to Long Creek and Broad River) west of State Route 17 on unnumbered county road, Wilkes County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Known from only five localities in the Broad and Little river basins in Elbert, Oglethorpe, and Wilkes counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) truncatus Hobbs

FIGURE 43

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) truncatus Hobbs, 1981:140, figs. 23b, 38f, 39k, m, 41, 57, 206.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, 116966, 146649, 146650; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 15.4 miles (24.6 km) east of Irwinton, Wilkinson County, Georgia, on State Route 57.

RANGE.—Known from only four localities on the Fall Line Hills District in the Oconee Basin of Laurens and Wilkinson counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Hay, 1902a:232.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Subgenus Bartontius.—Rioja, 1941:193 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Erebicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:99 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus Hay, 1902a:232. Gender: masculline.]

Subgenus Erebicambaruss.—Hobbs III, 1975:291 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Eribicambarus.—Hobbs III, 1980:148 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi Creaser

FIGURE 51

Cambarus (Bartonius) hubbsi Creaser, 1931a:4, figs. 7–12.

Cambarus hubbsi.—Hobbs, 1942a:356.—Williams, 1954:904, figs. 233, 235–245.—Pflieger, 1987a:23; 1987b:7.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, fig. 17d; 1974b:14, fig. 40.—Gardner, 1986:19.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98332, 98333 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, 1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of Chloride, Iron County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Southeastern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams, burrows, and caves.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti Hobbs

FIGURE 53

Cambarus hubrichti Hobbs, 1952c:689, figs. 1–8.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:23, figs. 21–30.—Pflieger, 1987a:24; 1987b:8.

Cambarus hubricht.—Hobbs, 1952c:693 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Hubrichti.—Cooper and Poulson, 1968:130, fig. 8.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, fig. 17e; 1974b:14, fig. 42.—Gardner, 1986:19, 20 [fig.].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 92295, 92296 (male II, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stream in Lewis Cave, 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Doniphan, Ripley County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Current, Eleven Point, and Meramec river basins in Carter, Oregon, Phelps, Pulaski, Ripley, Shannon, and Texas counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters and springs.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis Faxon

FIGURE 56

?Cambarus barioni brevis Rietz, 1912 [nomen nudum; see Page, 1985b:335].

Cambarus bartonii laevis Faxon, 1914:391.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni laevis.—Ortmann, 1931:143.

Cambarus bartoni laevis.—Fleming, 1939:311.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, figs. 6, 17f; 1974b:15, fig. 46.

Cambarus laevis.—Hobbs III, 1971:140.

Cambarus (erebicambarus) laevis.—Hobbs III, 1973:58 [lapsus].

Cambarus laevi.—Holt, 1973:250 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) Laevis.—Hobbs III, 1975:280.

Cambarus (Erebicambaruss) laevis.—Hobbs III, 1975:291 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Eribicambarus) laevis.—Hobbs III, 1980:148 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype and paratype, MCZ 3812 (holotypic male II, female); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bloomington, Monroe County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern parts of Illinois(?) and Indiana, and northern Kentucky(?).

HABITAT.—Streams, springs, and caves.

REMARKS.—Page (1985b:428) tentatively referred the Illinois populations possibly assignable to this taxon to Cambarus (E.) tenebrosus, and as pointed out by him, it is probable that when a careful study of the subgenus Erebicambarus is made, C.(E.) laevis will be declared a synonym of C. (E.) tenebrosus. Until such a study is conducted, I deem it advisable to maintain specific status for it. Jezerinac and Thoma (1984:121) omitted this crayfish in their key to the genera Cambarus and Fallicambarus in Ohio because all of the material that they examined from the state that had been assigned to C. (E.) laevis was “assignable to either C. (C.) ortmanni or C. (C.) bartoniicavatus.”

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) ornatus Rhoades

FIGURE 55

Cambarus bartoni ornatus Rhoades, 1944a:144, fig. 10a—f.

Cambarus bartonii ornatus.—Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:145.

Cambarus ornatus.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:15.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) ornatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, figs. 6, 17g; 1974b:15, fig. 45.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81330, 81331, 81332 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ellis Branch, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Carrollton, Carroll County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Ohio Basin from the lower Kentucky River system to the Salt River, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Intermittent streams.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) rusticiformis Rhoades

FIGURE 52

Cambarus rusticiformis Rhoades, 1944a:133, fig. 8a—f.—Page, 1985b:432, figs. 164–166.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) rusticiformis.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, figs. 2a, 6, 13h, 17h; 1974b:15, fig. 41.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81324, 81325, 81326 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little River, 0.5 mile (0.8 km) west of Cadiz, Trigg County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Cumberland and Green drainage systems in Kentucky and Tennessee, and Ohio River in southern Illinois.

HABITAT.—Swift streams.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus Hay

FIGURE 54

Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus Hay, 1902a:232.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:120 [in part].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni tenebrosus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus bartonii tenebrosus.—Faxon, 1914:424.

Cambarus tenebrosus.—Garman, 1920:42.—Hobbs, 1959:898.—Page, 1985b:428, figs. 160–163.

Cambarus Bartoni tenebrosus.—Chappuis, 1927:92.

Cambarus (Bartonius) Bartoni tenebrosus.—Fage, 1931:373.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni tenebrosus.—Ortmann, 1931:145.

Cambarus (Bartontius) Bartoni tenebrosus.—Rioja, 1941:193 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) cahni Rhoades, 1941b:146, fig. 36a—d. [Holotype and allotype: USNM 80031, 80032 (male II, female). paratypes: MCZ, Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., ANSP, Leslie Hubricht, OSM. Type locality: Belgreen Cave, NW art, SW art, Sec. 12, T. 7S, R. 13W, Franklin County, Alabama.]

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii tenebrosus.—Hobbs, 1941b:114.

Cambarus cahni.—Hobbs, 1942a:354.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:25, figs. 31–37.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni tenebrosus.—Hart, 1962:121.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, figs. 6, 14h, 17i; 1974b:15, fig. 43.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) cahni.—Hobbs, 1969b:100, figs. 6, 17c.

Cambarus tenebrorus.—Brodsky, 1981:49 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 22346 (male II, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Echo River, Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Mammoth Cave southward to northern Alabama. Illinois records based on assumption of C. (E) laevis being a synonym.

HABITAT.—Streams and subterranean waters (troglophilic).

REMARKS.—See “Remarks” under Cambarus (E.) laevis.

Subgenus Exilicambarus Bouchard and Hobbs

Subgenus Exilicambarus Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:2. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Exilicambarus) cracens Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:2. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Exilicambarus) cracens Bouchard and Hobbs

FIGURE 57

Cambarus (Exilicambarus) cracens Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:2, figs. 1, 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146082, 146083, 146084 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Short Creek at State Route 75, 1.1 mile (1.8 km) southwest of the junction with State Route 68 (Sec. 36, T. 8S, R. 4E), Marshall County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Southeastern tributaries of Guntersville Lake (impounded Tennessee River) in DeKalb and Marshall counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:90.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Subgenus Hiaticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:105; 1981:145. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852:90. Gender: masculine.]

Cambaroides.—Unestam, 1969:204 [lapsus].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus James

FIGURE 64

Cambarus longulus chasmodactylus James, 1966:14, fig. 1, pl. 1b, d, e, q, u–z, zz.

Cambarus chasmodactylus.—Hobbs, 1968b:K17.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus.—Hobbs, 1969b:106, figs. 10, 18k; 1974b:15, fig. 50.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115513, 115514, 115516 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, IBM, USNM, Hugo L. James.

TYPE LOCALITY.—East Fork of the Greenbrier River, 9.7 miles (15.5 km) west of Virginia state line on U.S. Highway 250, Pocahontas County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—New River drainage system in northwestern North Carolina and Virginia, and the Blue Stone and Greenbrier basins in eastern West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosawattae Hobbs

FIGURE 58

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosawattae Hobbs, 1981:150, figs. 22b, 58a, 59, 60, 207.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148112, 148113, 148114 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cartecay River, 6 miles (9.6 km) east southeast of Ellijay, just off Route S1010, near Flint Hill Church, Gilmer County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Known only from the Coosawattee watershed (Coosa River basin) in Gilmer County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams (primarily riffle areas).

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) fasciatus Hobbs

FIGURE 59

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) fasciatus Hobbs, 1981:156, figs. 22e, 58b, 60, 61, 208.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147917, 147918, 147919 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Etowah River, 0.2 mile (0.32 km) west of State Route 52 on unpaved road near Davis Chapel, Lumpkin County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Etowah River basin in northwestern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus Faxon

FIGURE 60

Cambarus Girardianus Faxon 1884:117; 1885a:78, pl. 4: fig. 1, pl. 9: fig. 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus girardianus.—Faxon 1898:650.

Cambarus extraneus girardianus.—Faxon 1898:650.

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus girardianus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Bartonius) girardianus.—Ortmann, 1931:97.

Cambarus extraneus Girardanius.—Fleming, 1938:299 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus.—Hobbs, 1969b:106, figs. 10, 181; 1974b:16, fig. 47; 1981:162, figs. 22f, 58c, 60, 62, 63, 209.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3560 (male II, female), USNM 4882 (male II, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River drainage system from northeastern Mississippi to Georgia and northward to the vicinity of Knoxville, Tennessee. Possibly the dominant Hiaticambarus in the upper Coosa Basin in Alabama is referable to this species.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris Faxon

FIGURE 61

Cambarus Bartonii, var. longirostris Faxon, 1885a:64.

Cambarus bartonii longirostris.—Faxon, 1890:623.

Cambarus bartonii spinirostris.—Faxon 1890:623 [lapsus for C. b. longirostris].

Cambarus longulus longirostris.—Hay, 1899b:959.—James, 1966:9, fig. 2a, b, pl. 1c, f, g, n, o, r, s.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni longirostris.—Ortmann, 1905c:135 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii longirostris.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longirostris.—Ortmann, 1931:121.

Cambarus longerosilis.—Brimley, 1938:503 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus longulus longerostris.—Schurr and Stamper, 1962:474 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus bartonii var. longirostris.—James, 1966:2.

Cambarus spinirostris.—James, 1966:2.

Cambarus longirostris.—James, 1966:2.

Cambarus longulus longirosilis.—James, 1966:8 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris.—Hobbs, 1969b:106, figs. 10, 18m; 1974b:16, fig. 48.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus.—Bouchard, 1976a:572 [in part]; 1976b:588 [in part].

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3629 (male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Eastern Tennessee and West Virginia” (Faxon, 1885a). Restricted to Doe River, Elizabethton, Carter County, Tennessee, designated by Ortmann, 1931:121.

RANGE.—Tennessee River Basin upstream from below the mouth of the Sequatchie River: in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia. Introduced into headwaters of the Savannah River in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Rocky segments of streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus Girard

FIGURE 62

Cambarus longulus Girard, 1852:90.

Cambarus Bartonii longulus.—Faxon, 1885a:66 [by implication].

Cambarus longulus longulus.—Hay 1899b:959 [by implication].—James, 1966:4, fig. 2c, pl. 1a, h–m, p, t, mm.

Cambarus (Bartonius) longulus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longulus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Ortmann, 1931:106.

Cambarus bartonii longulus.—Faxon, 1914:387.

Cambarus bartoni longulus.—Ortmann, 1931:118.

[Cambarus longulus] longulous.—James, 1966:22 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaroides longulus.—Unestam, 1969:204 [lapsus for Cambarus].

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus.—Hobbs, 1969b:106, figs. 1a, 10, 13c, 14c, 18n; 1974b:16, fig. 49.

TYPES.—Probably destroyed in the Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:124).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Middle States” (Girard, 1852). South River, Waynesboro, Augusta County, Virginia, designated by Ortmann, 1931. Emended by Hobbs (1967a:129) to Rockfish River, south of Afton, Nelson County, Virginia.

RANGE.—Atlantic watershed from the James drainage in Virginia and West Virginia south to the Yadkin Basin in North Carolina, in mountains and piedmont.

HABITAT.—Rocky areas of streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) manningi Hobbs

FIGURE 63

Untitled color photograph.—Bouchard in Anonymous, 1978:175.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) manningi Hobbs, 1981:175, figs. 22c, 58e, 65, 67, 68, 211.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147911, 147912, 147913 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little Cedar Creek (Coosa River basin) near school for deaf on outskirts of Cave Spring, Floyd County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Coosa River basin in northwestern Georgia, southeastern Tennessee, and northeastern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Rocky areas of streams.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) speciosus Hobbs

FIGURE 65

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) species H.—Hobbs, 1969b:106, 141, fig. 10.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) speciosus Hobbs, 1981:181, figs. 22g, 58f, 65, 69, 212.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146023, 146024, 146025 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Talking Rock Creek at State Route 5, Pickens County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Coosawattee River basin in Pickens, Gilmer, and Murray counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Moderately to swiftly flowing streams.

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—Erichson, 1846:87.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:96.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:88 [in part].

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Jugicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:106. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus bartonii asperimanus Faxon, 1914:391. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Depressicambarus.—Hobbs and Hall, 1969:287.

Subgenus Veticambarus.—Hobbs, 1970b:243.

Subgenus Jugocambarus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:74 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus Faxon

FIGURE 72

Cambarus bartonii asperimanus Faxon, 1914:391.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni asperimanus.—Ortmann, 1931:137.

Cambarus asperimanus.—Brimley, 1938:503.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 1d, 9, 13d, 14d, 18o; 1974b:16, fig. 57; 1981:189, figs. 24b, 70a, 71, 72, 213.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 47375 (2 male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Flat Creek, Montreat, Buncombe County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Mountains of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, in the headwaters of the French Broad, Little Tennessee, Catawba, Broad, Saluda, and Savannah rivers and in the Watauga Basin in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Seepage areas and mountain streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) batchi Schuster

FIGURE 80

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) batchi Schuster, 1973:24, fig. 3; 1976:227, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144390, 144391, 144392 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MMZ, UTM, Donald Batch.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Burrows around ponds in the Central Kentucky Wildlife Management Area, off U.S. Highway 421 approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southeast of Kingston, Madison County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi Hobbs

FIGURE 66

Cambarus (Veticambarus) bouchardi Hobbs, 1970b:245, figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus bouchardi.—Hobbs, 1970b:241.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi.—Bouchard, 1973a:105.—Hobbs, 1974b:17, fig. 51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130295, 130296, 130297 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Perkins Creek, 6.9 miles (11 km) north of Oneida, Scott County, Tennessee, on U.S. Highway 27.

RANGE.—Known only from the Big South Fork of the Cumberland basin in Scott County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus Hobbs

FIGURE 74

Cambarus brachydactylus Hobbs, 1953c:20, pl. 1: figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 9, 18p; 1974b:17, fig. 58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 93155 (male I, female); morphotype, USNM 93156 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Louise Creek, 13.9 miles (22.2 km) south of Clarksville, Montgomery County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Cumberland River on the western Highland Rim in Montgomery and Dickson counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Riffle areas of streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus (Erichson)

FIGURE 77

Astacus Carolinus Erichson, 1846:87.

Astacus (Cambarus) Carolinus Erichson, 1846:96.

Astacus (Cambarus) carolinus.—Dana, 1852:522 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus.—Girard, 1852:88.—Dewees, 1972:1, figs. 1, 2, 5.

Cambarus Carolinus.—Hagen, 1870:8.

Cambarus (Bartonius) carolinus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus carolinensis.—Adams, 1907:899 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) carolinus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus carolinus.—Faxon, 1914:339.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus.—Hobbs, 1969b:107 [in part], figs. 9, 19a; 1974b:17, fig. 62.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:51, figs. 3, 4.

TYPES.—Not extant. Topotypes, USNM 144164 (2 male I, female, female with young), and others.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Greenville, Greenville County, South Carolina. Restricted by Hobbs and Bouchard (1973:55) to “along Wildcat Creek, 8.8 miles (14.1 km) north of the junction of U.S. Highway 29 and State Route 101 on latter….”

RANGE.—From the upper Broad River basin in the northern part of South Carolina westward into North Carolina and Tennessee (south of the French Broad River) almost to the Tennessee River (see Dewees, 1972).

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi Reimer

FIGURE 83

Cambarus causeyi Reimer, 1966:9, figs. 1–8.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, fig. 19b; 1974b:17, fig. 65.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 116678, 116679 (male I, female); paratype (juvenile female), USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring and natural pond, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Sandgap, Pope County, Arkansas, on State Route 124.

RANGE.—Known only from the Arkansas River basin in Pope County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams and complex burrows.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis Hobbs and Hobbs

FIGURE 71

Cambarus conasaugaensis Hobbs and Hobbs, 1962:41, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 9, 19c; 1974b:17, fig. 56; 1981:192, figs. 24c, 70b, 72, 73–76, 214.

Cambarus conasougaensis.—Schuster, 1973:9 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 107156, 107157, 107158 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small cascading, but sluggish, tributary of Holly Creek (to Conasauga River), 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia, on U.S. Highway 76.

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Conasauga, Coosawattee, and Etowah rivers in Dawson, Fannin, Gilmer, Murray, Lumpkin, and Pickens counties, Georgia, and in the Hiwassee Basin in Bledsoe and Polk counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crinipes Bouchard

FIGURE 73

Cambarus bartonii bartonii.—Hobbs and Shoup, 1942:636, fig. 6, 7.

Cambarus crinipes Bouchard, 1973a:106, fig. 1.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crinipes Bouchard, 1973a:109.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132342, 132343, 132344 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, UTM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—White Oak Creek, a tributary of Clear Fork Creek (Big South Fork of the Cumberland River system) at U.S. Highway 27 in Sunbright, Morgan County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the East Fork of the Obey River, Clear Creek (Emory River system) and Clear Fork Creek (Big South Fork of the Cumberland River in Cumberland, Fentress, Morgan, Overton, Pickett, Putnam, and Scott counties, Tennessee, and Rockcastle County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams, mostly small.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes Hobbs

FIGURE 82

Cambarus (Cambarus) cryptodytes Hobbs, 1941b:110, figs. 2, 3, 7, 11, 13, 15, 18, 21, 24, 28, 29; 1942b:162, pl. 11: figs. 196–200; 1974b:18, fig. 64; 1981:197, figs. 24e, 77, 87, 215.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:31, figs. 48–57.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:83, fig. 40.

Cambarus cryptodytes Hobbs, 1941b:113.—Caine, 1974:12, 43, 62.—Franz and Lee, 1982:56, 69.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19d; 1981:197, figs. 24e, 77, 87, 215.

Cambarus cryptodytes.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crytodytes.—Hobbs, 1974b, fig. 64 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79339, 79340, 79343 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—R.W. Williams farm, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Graceville, Jackson County, Florida (NW art, SW art, NE art, Sec. 15, T. 6W, R. 13W), 0.2 mi (320 m) W of St. Rte. 77 on St. Rte. 277.

RANGE.—Known from several caves in Jackson and Washington counties, Florida, and Climax Cave, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Climax, Decatur County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) distans Rhoades

FIGURE 68

Cambarus distans Rhoades, 1944a:136, fig. 9a–f.—Bouchard, 1976a:573; 1976b:585.—Hobbs, 1981:200, fig. 78.

Cambarus diistans.—Rhoades, 1944a:139 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) distans.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 9, 19e; 1974b:18, fig. 53.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81327, 81329, 81328 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, CM, USNM, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Cumberland River and small tributary, just above Cumberland Falls, McCreary County, Kentucky” (Rhoades, 1944a: 139).

RANGE.—Kentucky, Cumberland, and Tennessee river drainages in Kentucky and Tennessee southward to Sand Mountain in Alabama and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius Faxon

FIGURE 78

Cambarus dubius Faxon, 1884:114; 1885a:70, pl. 4: fig. 3; pl. 8: figs. 7′.—Dewees, 1972:1, figs. 1b–1, 2c–h, 3, 4, 5b–h, 6–16.

Cambarus carolinus dubius.—Faxon, 1914:396, 425.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:62.—Hobbs, 1974b:18, fig. 60.

Cambraus dubius.—Peters, 1975:iii [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3631 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Terra Alta (Cranberry Summit), Preston County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Poorly understood, but extending southward through the Allegheny Mountains from southwestern Pennsylvania and Kentucky into southwestern Virginia, northwestern North Carolina and as far south in Tennessee as the junction of the Clinch and Holston rivers, and westward on the Cumberland Plateau to headwaters of the South Fork of the Cumberland and Caney Fork rivers in Fentress and Cumberland counties, Tennessee. (See Dewees, 1972.)

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi Hobbs

FIGURE 75

Cambarus friaufi Hobbs, 1953c:24, figs. 11–18.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 9, 19f; 1974b:18, fig. 59.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 93157 (male I, female); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small stream tributary of Cumberland River at Elmwood, Smith County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Highland Rim in Smith, De Kalb, Cannon, Humphreys, and Stewart counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Swift, pebbly reaches of small streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi Hobbs

FIGURE 81

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi Hobbs, 1970a:163, fig. 1; 1972b:125, fig. 109b; 1974b: 18, fig. 63.

Cambarus gentryi.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130283, 130284, 130285 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Boggy area below seepage along small tributary to Turnbull Creek (Harpeth-Cumberland drainage system), 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Kingston Springs, Cheatham County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Portions of the Cumberland (Stones River, Harpeth River, and Yellow Creek) and Duck river basins in the Nashville Basin and Western Highland Rim of Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis Ortmann

FIGURE 79

Cambarus monongalensis Ortmann, 1905a:395.

Cambarus (Bartonius) monongalensis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 120; 1906b:398, pl. B: fig. 4, pl. 39: figs. 4, 10, pl. 40: fig. 5, pl. 41: figs. 2–4.

Cambarus (Cambarus) monongalensis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus carolinus monongalensis.—Faxon 1914:396.

Cambarus carolinus monongalenses.—Hand, 1954:437 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus mongalensis.—Meredith and Schwartz, 1959:1 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis.—Hobbs, 1969b:109, figs. 9, 19g; 1974b: 18, fig. 61.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.316, USNM 30613 (male I, 2 female), MCZ 6953 (male I, female), ZIAS 1/44968 (4 specimens), ANSP 1601 (male I, 3 females).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Edgewood Park, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

RANGE.—Southwestern Pennsylvania and adjacent northern West Virginia southward to Pocahontas County, West Virginia, and Highland County, Virginia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) nodosus Bouchard and Hobbs

FIGURE 76

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) nodosus Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:8, fig. 3.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146756, 146757, 146758 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small unnamed tributary of North Potato Creek (Hiwassee River system via Ocoee River) between 0.7 and 0.9 miles (1.1 and 1.4 km) west of Tennessee–North Carolina border on U.S. Highway 64, Polk County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Headwater areas of the Hiwassee (Ocoee, Nottely, and Toccoa river basins), Savannah (Chattooga, Tugaloo, and Koewee river basins), and Chattahoochee river systems in Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows and occasionally in streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) obeyensis Hobbs and Shoup

FIGURE 67

Cambarus obeyensis Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:138, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) obeyensis.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, figs. 9, 19h; 1974b: 19, fig. 52.—Bouchard, 1973a: 105.

Cambarus (Veticambarus) obeyensis.—Hobbs, 1970b:243.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82260 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Big Hurricane Creek on Monterey-Clarkrange road, Putnam-Cumberland county line, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Headwaters of East Fork of Obey River in Cumberland, Fentress, Overton, and Putnam counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) parvoculus Hobbs and Shoup

FIGURE 70

Cambarus parvoculus Hobbs and Shoup, 1947:142, figs. 12–22.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) parvoculus.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, figs. 9, 19i; 1974b:19, fig. 55; 1981:208, figs. 24g, 70e, 79, 82, 218.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82259 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to Big Hurricane Creek, Fentress County (southwestern part), Tennessee.

RANGE.—Largely restricted to the Cumberland Plateau section of the Appalachian Plateau Province, ranging through the Cumberland River basin from Fentress, Overton, and Putnam counties, Tennessee, and Bell County, Kentucky, to headwaters of the Kentucky River in Letcher County, Kentucky; and in the Tennessee Basin in Lee County, Virginia, southward along the plateau to the northwestern part of Dade County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus Faxon

FIGURE 84

Cambarus setosus Faxon, 1889:237, pl. 1: figs. 1–3, 7, pl. 2: fig. 1.—Hobbs and Barr, 1960:26, figs. 38–47.—Pflieger, 1987a:24; 1987b:8.

Cambarus ayersii Steele, 1902:18, pl. 5: fig. A, pl. 6: fig. 14. [Types: USNM 62316 (male II). Type locality: Fisher's Cave (= Sequiota Cave in Galloway), near Springfield, Green County, Missouri (Sec. 9, T. 28N, R. 21W).]

Cambarus (Bartonius) setosus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) setosus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus ayersi.—Ortmann, 1918:838.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus.—Hobbs, 1969b: 107, fig. 19j; 1974b: 19, fig. 66.—Marquart, 1979:17.—Gardner, 1986:20.

TYPES.—Syntypes: MCZ 4200 (4 male II, 1 female), 4201 (3 male II male II, 4 female, 4 juv. male, 2 juv. female), 4202 (2 male II, 3 female, 3 juv. male, 4 juv. female); USNM 25828 (male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Wilson's Cave (= Whisner Cave), 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Sarcoxie, near Springfield, Jasper County, Missouri (Sec. 6, T. 27N.R. 29W).

RANGE.—Southwestern Missouri (Christian, Dade, Greene, Jasper, Lawrence, Newton, and Stone counties) and (?) northeastern Oklahoma (Delaware and Mayes counties).

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus Hobbs and Cooper

FIGURE 86

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus Hobbs and Cooper, 1972:51, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1974b: 19, fig. 68.

Cambarus tartarus.—Looney, 1975:13, fig. 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131951, 131411, 132754 (male I, female, male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stansberry-January Cave System, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Colcord, Delaware County, Oklahoma (Sec. 11, T. 21N, R. 22E).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) unestami Hobbs and Hall

FIGURE 69

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) unestami Hobbs and Hall, 1969:287, figs. 13–24.—Hobbs, 1974b:19, fig. 54.—1981:210, figs. 24f, 70f, 81, 83, 219.

Cambarus unestami.—Bouchard, 1972b:92.—1976b:585.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) unestami.—Bouchard, 1973a: 105.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129863, 129864, 129865 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Daniel Creek, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west of the Walker County line on State Route 143, Dade County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of Chattanooga, Cole City, Lookout, and Long Island creeks (Tennessee River basin) in Walker and Dade counties, Georgia, and Jackson County, Alabama. This crayfish has also been collected from tributaries of the Little River (Chattooga—Coosa Basin) in the northwestern part of Chattooga County, Georgia. All localities are on Sand or Lookout mountains.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes Hobbs and Bedinger

FIGURE 85

Cambarus zophonastes Hobbs and Bedinger, 1964:11, figs. 1, 2, 4–11.—K.L. Smith, 1984:1.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes.—Hobbs, 1969b:107, fig. 19k; 1974b:20, fig. 67.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:88, fig. 43.

Cabmarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes.—Thome, 1987:421 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 108356, 108357 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hell Creek Cave, Stone County, Arkansas (NE art, NE art, Sec. 30, T. 15N, R. 10W).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—Rafinesque, 1817:42.

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:88 [in part].

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Subgenus Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:110. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus diogenes Girard, 1852:88. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) acanthura Hobbs

FIGURE 87

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) acanthura Hobbs, 1981:215, figs. 25g, 84a, 85–87, 220.

Cambarus acanthura.—Bouchard, 1982:90.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129758, 146601, 146602 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Field on west side of Holly Creek (farm of Homer Robinson) about one mile northeast of Chatsworth, Murray County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tennessee Basin in Alabama, southwestern Tennessee, and northwestern Georgia; Coosa Basin from its headwaters in Georgia to Chilton County, Alabama, and in headwaters of the Black Warrior River in Blount and Tuscaloosa counties, Alabama; Chattahoochee Basin from Walton and De Kalb counties, Georgia, to Russell County, Alabama; and in the upper Ocmulgee Basin in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows and streams.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes Girard

FIGURE 88

Astacus fossor Rafinesque, 1817:42. [Name suppressed by International Commission, Opinion 522. (See Hemming, 1958.)].

Cambarus diogenes Girard, 1852:88.—Huner, 1977:11.—Page, 1985b:434, figs. 167–170.—Pflieger, 1987a:23; 1987b:7.

Cambarus nebrascensis Girard, 1852:91. [Location of types (if extant) unknown. Type locality: Fort Pierre, Nebraska (now in Stanley County, South Dakota).]

Cambarus Nebrascensis.—Hagen, 1870:8.

Cambarus Diogenes.—Hagen, 1870:6.

Cambarus fossor.—Hagen, 1870:8.

Cambarus obesus Hagen, 1870:81, pl. 1: figs. 39–42, pl. 3: fig. 163, pl. 9 [Syntypes: MCZ 195 (2 male I, 1 female), 165 (female), 3361 (male I), 229 (male I), 3363 (male); MHNP (2 dry); St. Petersburg Mus. (= ZIAS), (female) not extant. Type locality: Lawn Ridge, Illinois.]

Cambarus Diogenenes.—Abbott, 1873:83 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Diogenes Diogenes.—Faxon, 1884:144 [by implication].

Cambarus diogenes diogenes.—Hay, 1899b:959 [by implication].—Marlow, 1960:229.

S[ambarus] diogenes.—Steele, 1902:11 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Bartonius) diogenes.—Ortmann, 1905c:120; 1906b:402, pl. A: fig. 3, pl. 39: fig. 11, pl. 40: figs. 6, 7.

Bartonius diogenes.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as a subgeneric name].

Cambarus (Cambarus) diogenes.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes diogenes.—Hobbs, 1969b:110, figs. 2c, 11, 13i, 14i, 20a; 1974b:20, fig. 69.

Cambarus (Lacunacambarus) diogenes diogenes.—Bouchard, 1972b: 103 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes Diogenes.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:5 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus Diogenes diogenes.—Phillips, 1981:17 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) diogenes.—Hobbs, 1986:16 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Not known to be extant except for a questionable paratype (female), ANSP.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Vicinity of Washington, D.C.

RANGE.—Very widespread east of the Rockies and south of the Great Lakes, except peninsular Florida and the Alleghenies; not reported northeast of New Jersey in the East and east of western Pennsylvania in the Mississippi drainage system.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower); often found in ponds or streams in the spring season.

REMARKS.—This is a species complex and needs considerable attention.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) ludovicianus Faxon, new status

FIGURE 89

Cambarus Diogenes var. Ludoviciana Faxon, 1884:144.

Cambarus diogenes ludovicianus.—Hay, 1899b:959.—Marlow, 1960:229.

Cambarus diogenes, ludoviciana.—Steele, 1902:21.

Cambarus diogenes ludoviciana.—Penn, 1941:8.

Cambarus ludovicianus.—Roberts, 1944:363.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes ludovicianus.—Hobbs, 1969b:110, fig. 20b; 1974b:20, fig. 70.

Cambarus l. ludovicianus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:107 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 5504 (male I, male II, 4 female), USNM 5625 (male II, female), MCZ 3617 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Lower Mississippi drainage in Arkansas, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, and in eastern Texas (probably more extensive).

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

REMARKS.—With a range that overlaps that of C. (L.) diogenes, recognition of it as a subspecies of that crayfish is rejected, and specific rank is accorded it herein.

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) miltus Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 90

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) miltus Fitzpatrick, 1978a:749, figs. 1–13.

Cambarus miltus.—Bouchard, 1982:90.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148556, 148557, 148558 (male I, male II, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“In burrows along d’Olide Creek under old highway 98 bridge, 0.1 mi (161 m) S of the junction of U.S. highways 90, 98, and I-10 at Spanish Fort, Baldwin County, Alabama” (Fitzpatrick, 1978a:752).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:90 [in part].

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Subgenus Puncticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:101. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870:73. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus Faxon

FIGURE 99

Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884:113; 1885a:67, pl. 3: fig. 5, pl. 8: figs. 6a, 6a′.—Hobbs and Walton, 1966:136.

Cambarus (Bartonius) acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) acuminatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus bartonii acuminatus.—Faxon, 1914:424.

Cambarus montanus acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:106.

Cambarus bartoni acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:108.

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus acuminatus.—Ortmann, 1931:108.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs. 7, 14a, 171; 1974b:20, fig. 74.

P[rocambarus] acuminatus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:28 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3624 (female). “Cotypes” formerly said to have been at Butler University (Faxon, 1914:424) are no longer there.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Saluda River, at Farr's Mills, west of Greenville, Greenville County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Patapsco Basin in Maryland southward to the Saluda drainage system in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—This highly variable species is also in need of attention. Even in the Santee Cooper Basin (of which the Saluda River is a tributary), South Carolina, more than one rather distinct “variant” is recognizable.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) buntingi Bouchard

FIGURE 98

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp. D.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, fig. 7.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) ms. sp.—Bouchard, 1972b:103.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) buntingi Bouchard, 1973b:407, fig. 1.

Cambarus buntingi.—Bouchard, 1976b:585.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 133057, 133058, 133059 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, UTM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Elk Creek, a tributary of Clear Fork Creek (Cumberland River system) at Co. Rd. 2345, approximately 1 mile [1.6 km] S of Newcomb, Campbell Co., Tennessee” (Bouchard, 1973b:410).

RANGE.—Cumberland and Tennessee drainage systems in Anderson, Campbell, Claiborne, and Scott counties, Tennessee and in Bell County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Small to large streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaugaensis Prins and Hobbs

FIGURE 101

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp. E.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, 134, 135.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaugaensis Prins and Hobbs, 1972:413, fig. 1.—Hobbs, 1974b:21, fig. 75; 1981:245, figs. 21h, 87, 89c, 94, 222.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131926, 131927, 131928 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Chauga River at Cassidy Bridge (off County Road 290), Oconee County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Savannah River in Oconee County, South Carolina, and Rabun County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) coosae Hobbs

FIGURE 91

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus.—Ortmann, 1931:99 [in part].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) species B.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, fig. 7.

Cambarus sp. nov. A.—Anonymous, 1969:C–23; 1970:162.

Cambarus species A.—Hobbs and Hall, 1974:204.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Hart and Hart, 1974:58.

Cambarus nov. sp. A.—Wharton, 1978:220.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) coosae Hobbs, 1981:230, figs. 21c, 89a, 90, 91, 223.

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosae.—Hobbs and Peters, 1982:312 [lapsus calami].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 145603, 145604, 145605 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring Creek, 8 miles (12.8 km) east-southeast of Rome, Floyd County, Georgia, on U.S. Highway 411.

RANGE.—The Coosa River basin from Polk and Bradley counties, Tennessee, Murray, Pickens, and Paulding counties, Georgia, to Bibb, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clay, Coosa, Shelby, and Talladega counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) cumberlandensis Hobbs and Bouchard

FIGURE 95

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) species A.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, fig. 7.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Bouchard, 1972b:91.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp. nov.—Bouchard, 1973b:411.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) cumberlandensis Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:41, figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus cumberlandensis.—Hobbs and Bouchard, 1973:41.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132989, 132990, 132991 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Poplar Cove Creek (a tributary to the East Fork of the Obey River), 5.8 miles (9.3 km) west of Jamestown, Fentress County, Tennessee, off State Route 52, just east of Helena.

RANGE.—Cumberland River system from Jellico Creek (Scott County, Tennessee) downstream to and including Roaring River in Jackson County, Tennessee; and Green River system in Adair and Metcalf counties, Kentucky. Introduced into Caney Fork River system in DeKalb County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus Hagen

FIGURE 92

Cambarus extraneus Hagen, 1870:73, pl. 1: figs. 88, 89, pl. 3: fig. 156.

Cambarus extraneous.—Adams, 1901:849 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus extranus.—Steele, 1902:7 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Bartonius) extraneus.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus extranius.—Unestam, 1969:203 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs. 1b, 7, 13b, 14b, 17m; 1974b:21, fig. 71; 1981:247, figs. 21f, 89g, 93, 95, 224.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 175 (3 male II, 1 female), USNM 4957 (female). Hagen (1870:74) indicated that among the 6 specimens available there were “Male Form I, and II. Fem.” The first form male is no longer among the types and was missing from them when I examined the series in the early 1940s.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Tennessee River, (near the borders of?) Georgia” (Hagen, 1870:74). The emendation offered by Ortmann (1931:97) must be rejected because Cambarus (P.) extraneus does not occur in the Coosa (Etowah) Basin. Ortmann confused C. (P.) coosae with Hagen's species.

RANGE.—Known only from the South Chickamauga Creek basin (Tennessee River drainage) in Catoosa, Walker, and Whitfield counties, Georgia, and in the same basin in Hamilton County, Tennessee (Bouchard, 1972b:58).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) georgiae Hobbs

FIGURE 93

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Anonymous, 1973b:2.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) georgiae Hobbs, 1981:251, figs. 21g, 87, 89d, 96, 225.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 118944, 144954, 144955 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little Tennessee River at U.S. Highway 441, south of Dillard, Rabun County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Known only from the Little Tennessee River in Rabun County, Georgia, and Macon County, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hiwasseensis Hobbs

FIGURE 102

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) species C.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, 135, fig. 7.

Cambarus hiwasseensis Anonymous, 1973a:66 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:13 [in part].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) species D.—Hobbs and Peters, 1977:6.

Cambarus hiawasseensis Wharton, 1978:220 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hiwasseensis Hobbs, 1981:256, figs. 21e, 89f, 97, 98, 226, frontispiece.

Cambarus Hiwasseenis.—Harney, 1983:B4 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129366, 129365, 129364 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to Peachtree Creek, 0.8 mile (1.3 km) north of Peachtree School on U.S. Alternate Highway 64, Cherokee County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—The upper Hiwassee River basin in Georgia and North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius Hobbs

FIGURE 97

Cambarus nerterius Hobbs, 1964:189, figs. 1–10.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs. 7, 17n; 1974b:21, fig. 73.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:91, fig. 44.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 111295, 111296, 111297 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Matt's Black Cave, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Renick, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Greenbrier River drainage system in Greenbrier and Pocahontas counties, West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) parrishi Hobbs

FIGURE 96

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Bouchard and Hobbs, 1976:13 [in part].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) parrishi Hobbs, 1981:263, figs. 21d, 89e, 98, 99, 227.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144957, 144958, 144959 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hiwassee River, 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the junction of Georgia routes 17 and 66 on Route 17, approximately 7 miles (11.2 km) southeast of Hiawassee, Towns County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the Hiwassee River in Towns County, Georgia, and Clay County, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus Prins

FIGURE 103

Cambarus reburrus Prins, 1968:458, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus.—Prins and Hobbs, 1972:412.—Hobbs 1974b:21, fig. 76.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129501, 129502, 129503 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, Rudolph Prins.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small tributary to Horsepasture River from Sapphire Lake off U.S. Highway 64, 5.5 miles (8.8 km) east of Cashiers, Jackson County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Type locality and tributaries of the French Broad River in Buncombe, Henderson, Jackson, Madison, and Transylvania counties, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus Girard

FIGURE 104

Cambarus robustus Girard, 1852:90.—Hagen, 1870:80, pl. 3: fig. 167.—Crocker and Barr, 1968:118, figs. 30, 39, 48, 55, 65, 67, 81.—Page, 1985b:439–440, figs. 171–173.

Cambarus Bartonii robustus.—Faxon, 1885a:9.

Cambarus Bartonii var. robusta.—Faxon, 1885a:61.

Cambarus bartonii robustus.—Faxon 1890:622.

Cambarus bartonii robusta.—Shufeldt, 1897:55.

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni var. robustus.—Ortmann, 1905c:122 [by implication].

Cambarus bartoni robustus.—Ortmann, 1905c:135.

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii robustus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni robustus.—Ortmann, 1931:126.

Cambarus (Bartonius) robustus.—Creaser, 1931b:260.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus.—Hobbs, 1969b:101, figs. 1c, 13a, 17o; 1974b:21, fig. 77.

Cambarus robustis.—Espinet and Golding, 1976:B18 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntype, ANSP 328 (male II); others probably destroyed in the Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:423).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Humber River, near Toronto, Canada.

RANGE.—Ontario and New York, to Illinois, and southward to Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia. Its presence in New England east of the Hudson River basin is believed to have resulted from introductions (Douglas G. Smith, in litt.).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) scotti Hobbs

FIGURE 100

Cambarus aspinosus.—Anonymous, 1970:211 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) sp.—Hart and Hart, 1974:58.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) scotti Hobbs, 1981:238, figs. 21b, 89b, 92, 93, 228.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146479, 146480, 146481 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Clarks Creek, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Holland, Chattooga County, Georgia, on State Route 100.

RANGE.—Chattooga River basin in Chattooga and Walker counties, Georgia, and Calhoun, Cherokee, and St. Clair counties, Alabama.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus Hobbs

FIGURE 94

Cambarus spicatus Hobbs, 1956c:116, figs. 1–11.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, figs. 7, 18a; 1974b:22, fig. 72.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99323, 99324, 99325 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little River, 10.3 miles (16.5 km) west of Winnsboro, Fairfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Little River in Fairfield and Richland counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus Faxon

FIGURE 105

Cambarus bartonii veteranus Faxon 1914:389, pl. 13: fig. 2.

Cambarus bartoni veteranus.—Ortmann, 1931:112.

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus veteranus.—Ortmann, 1931:112 [in part].

Cambarus veteranus.—Hobbs, 1955b:330.

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus.—Hobbs, 1969b:102, figs. 7, 18b; 1974b:22, fig. 78.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 44712 (male I); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Indian Creek, Baileysville, Wyoming County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Guyandot and Big Sandy rivers drainage in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky. Limits of range very indefinite and poorly known.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs

Subgenus Veticambarus Hobbs, 1969b:96. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965:268. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus Hobbs

FIGURE 106

Cambarus pristinus Hobbs, 1965:268, figs. 1–12.

Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus.—Hobbs, 1969b:98, figs. 1e, 5, 131, 14k, 17a; 1974b:22, fig. 79.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115528, 115529, 115530 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—White Oak Creek, a tributary to the Caney Fork of the Cumberland River, 3.9 miles (6.2 1m) east of the White-Cumberland county line and 0.1 mile (160 m) south of U.S. Highway 70S, Cumberland County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Upper Caney Fork drainage in Cumberland and Bledsoe counties, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams, under rocks.

Genus Distocambarus Hobbs

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1981:12, 301 [in part].

Subgenus Distocambarus Hobbs, 1981:301. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus (Distocambarus) devexus Hobbs, 1981:302. Gender: masculine.]

Distocambarus.—Hobbs and Carlson, 1983:420.—Hobbs, 1984:18, fig. 7.

Subgenus Fitzcambarus Hobbs, 1983:430. [Type species, by original designation, Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni Hobbs, 1983:430. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Distocambarus Hobbs

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1981:301.

Subgenus Distocambarus Hobbs, 1981:301; 1983:429. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus (Distocambarus) devexus Hobbs, 1981:302. Gender: masculine.]

Distocambarus.—Hobbs and Carlson, 1983:420.

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) crockeri Hobbs and Carlson

FIGURE 107

Distocambarus crockeri Hobbs and Carlson, 1983:421, fig. 1.

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) crockeri.—Hobbs, 1983:430.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 178582, 178583, 178584 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 0.7 mile (1.1 km) south of Parksville, McCormick County, South Carolina, on U.S. Highway 221.

RANGE.—Savannah and Saluda river basins in Abbeville, Edgefield, Greenwood, McCormick, and Saluda counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows and occasionally flooded roadside ditches and pools (primary burrower).

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) devexus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 108

Procambarus (Distocambarus) devexus Hobbs, 1981:302, figs. 11j, 105, 115–117, 234.

Distocambarus devexus.—Hobbs and Carlson, 1983:420.

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) devexus.—Hobbs, 1983:430.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148569, 148570, 148571 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Marshy area under bridge within 200 m south of and in the flood plain of the Broad River on State Route 17, Wilkes County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Savannah River Basin in Elbert, Oglethorpe, and Wilkes counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows, juveniles occasionally in flooded roadside ditches (primary burrower).

Subgenus Fitzcambarus Hobbs

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1983:430.

Subgenus Fitzcambarus Hobbs, 1983:430. [Type species, by original designation, Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni Hobbs, 1983:430. Gender: masculine.]

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni Hobbs

FIGURE 109

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni Hobbs, 1983:430, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 178599, 178600, 178601 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Swampy area bordering unnamed tributary of Saluda River about 1 mile (1.6 km) north of State Route 81 on Route 106, Anderson County, South Carolina, about 4.5 airmiles (7.2 km) east-northeast of Belton.

RANGE.—Saluda and Savannah river basins from Greenville to Abbeville and Saluda counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) youngineri Hobbs and Carlson

FIGURE 110

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) youngineri Hobbs and Carlson, 1985:82, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 208413, 208414, 208415 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—About 50 m southwest of State Route 58 on Route 22 (11 airmiles, 17.6 km) west of Newberry, Newberry County, South Carolina (34°18′N, 81°48′W).

RANGE.—Known from the type locality and another nine airmiles (14.4 km) away on State Route 121, 0.15 mile (0.24 km) northeast of Route 34.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Genus Fallicambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—Cottle, 1863:217.

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:115 [in part].

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:120 [in part].

Bartonius.—Williamson, 1907:749 [intended as subgeneric name].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:111. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus strawni Reimer, 1966:11. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Creaserinus Hobbs, 1973a:463. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus fodiens Cottle, 1863:217. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Creaserinus Hobbs

Astacus.—Cottle, 1863:217.

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:115.

Subgenus Bartonius Ortmann, 1905c:120 [in part].

Bartonius.—Williamson, 1907:749 [intended as subgeneric name].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Fallicambarus.—Hobbs, 1969b:111 [in part].

Subgenus Creaserinus Hobbs, 1973a:463. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus fodiens Cottle, 1863:217. Gender: masculine.]

P[rocambarus].—Hart and Hart, 1974:88 [lapsus; in part].

Subgenus Creserineus.—Jezerinac, 1983:5 [erroneous spelling].

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) byersi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 123

Cambarus byersi Hobbs, 1941b:118, figs. 6, 10, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 27, 30; 1942b: 167, pl. 12: figs. 206–210.

Procambarus byersi.—Hobbs, 1942b:14 [lapsus calami].

Fallicambarus byersi.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20c; 1972b:101, figs. 81e, 83e; 1947b:22, fig. 87.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) byersi.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 79342 (male I, female), and “morphotype,” USNM 87969 (male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Burrows along Phifer Creek, 5.5 miles (8.8 km) northwest of Pensacola, near U.S. Highway 90, Escambia County, Florida.

RANGE.—Okaloosa County, Florida, west to Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) caesius Hobbs

FIGURE 118

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) caesius Hobbs, 1975:24, fig. 7.

Fallicambarus caesius.—Hobbs, 1975:28.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144921, 144922, 144923 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at Hot Spring-Saline county line, Arkansas, on State Route 67.

RANGE.—Basins of Ouachita River and Dorcheat Bayou in southern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) danielae Hobbs

FIGURE 121

Cambarus lobdelli Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) danielae Hobbs, 1975:28, fig. 8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 145997, 145998 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Burrows in a roadside ditch 9.0 miles (14.4 km) east of Ocean Springs, Jackson County, Mississippi, on U.S. Highway 90.

RANGE.—Known only from Jackson County, Mississippi, and Mobile County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Burrows.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens (Cottle)

FIGURE 116

Astacus fodiens Cottle, 1863:217.

Cambarus argillicola Faxon, 1884:115. [Types: MCZ 3459 (male I, 4 female, 3 juvenile).Type locality: Detroit, Michigan.]

Cambarus (Bartonius) argillicola.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Bartonius argillicola.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Bartonius intended as subgeneric name].

Cambarus (Cambarus) fodiens.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus fodiens.—Huntsman, 1915:158, figs. 8f, 9d, 10e, 11a, 12e.—Crocker and Barr, 1968:129–135, figs. 28, 37, 46, 57, 62, 85.

Cambarus (Bartonius) fodiens.—Creaser, 1931b:260, fig. 37.

Fallicambarus fodiens.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20e; 1972b:102, figs. 83c, 84b. 85b: 1974b:23, fig. 82.—Page, 1985b:422, figs. 155–158.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

P[rocambarus] Fallicambarus fodiens.—Hart and Hart, 1974:88 [lapsus calami].

Fallicambarus (Creaserineus) fodiens.—Jezerinac, 1983:5 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—If extant, location unknown.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Upper Canada,” probably Ontario.

RANGE.—Southern Ontario, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois southward to Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic habitats and burrows.

REMARKS.—The range of this crayfish and that of the closely allied, if not conspecific, F. (C.) hedgpethi abut or overlap in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hedgpethi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 117

Cambarus hedgpethi Hobbs, 1948d:224, fig. 17a–f, h–j, l.—Penn, 1959:14, figs. 9, 27, 46, 64, 86.—Reimer, 1969:53, figs. 2, 39.

Cambarus hedgepethi.—Walls and Black, 1967:60 [erroneous spelling].

Fallicambarus hedgpethi.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20f; 1972b:102, figs. 82c, 83d; 1974b:23, fig.83.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hedgpethi.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

Fallicambarus hedgepethi.—Huner, 1977:11 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, morphotype, USNM 85146 (male I, male II), and allotype, USNM 85147 (female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lower middle part of the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Aransas County, Texas.

RANGE.—Texas and Oklahoma eastward to western Tennessee, (?)panhandle of Florida, and (?)southwestern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water and burrows.

REMARKS.—See “Remarks” under F. (C.) fodiens.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hortoni Hobbs and Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 120

Fallicambarus hortoni Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1970:829, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b:100, fig. 81d; 1974b:23, fig. 85.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hortoni.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129895, 129897, 129896 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Low area along roadside ditch leading to tributary of Cypress Creek, 7.5 miles (12 km) east of the Hardeman County line on State Route 57 (Hatchie River drainage), McNairy County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known from only two localities in McNairy County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) oryktes (Penn and Marlow)

FIGURE 122

Cambarus oryktes Penn and Marlow, 1959:197, figs, 1–14.

Fallicambarus oryktes.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20h; 1972b:101, figs. 81f, 83a; 1974b:24, fig. 86.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) oryktes.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101735, 101736, 101737 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at Alton, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and Forest, Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, and Pearl River counties in southern Mississippi eastward to Baldwin County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) uhleri (Faxon)

FIGURE 119

Cambarus Uhleri Faxon, 1884:116; 1885a:77, pl. 8: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus uhleri.—Hay, 1899b:959.—Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28, figs. 11, 16

Cambarus (Bartonius) uhleri.—Ortmann, 1905c:120.

Cambarus (Cambarus) uhleri.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Fallicambarus uhleri.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20j: 1972b: 102, figs. 82a, 83b, 84a, 85a; 1974b:24, fig. 84.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) uhleri.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3634 (male I); paratypes, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Swamp on Eastern Road near Felsbury, Somerset County, Maryland” (restricted by Faxon, 1914:426).

RANGE.—Atlantic coastal plain, from Maryland to South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lotic and lentic habitats and burrows.

Subgenus Fallicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Penn, 1955:73.

Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969b:111 [in part].

Subgenus Fallicambarus.—Hobbs, 1973a:462. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus strawni Reimer, 1966:11. Gender masculine.]

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) dissitut (Penn)

FIGURE 115

Cambarus dissitus Penn, 1955:73, figs. 1–13.

Fallicambarus dissitus.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, fig. 20d: 1972b:99, figs. 81c, 82d; 1974b:23, fig. 88.

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) dissitus.—Hobbs 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 98125, 98126, 98127 (male I, female, male II): paratypes, ANSP, AMNH, CM, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Three miles (4.8 km) east of Choudrant, Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Red and Ouachita watersheds in Caldwell. Grant, and Lincoln parishes, Louisiana, and Columbia and Union counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) harpi Hobbs and Robison

FIGURE 112

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) harpi Hobbs and Robison, 1985:1035, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 217946, 217947, 217948 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MHNP, RNHL, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage area 0.2 mile (0.32 km) east of Glenwood, Pike County, Arkansas (Sec. 1, T. 5S, R. 24W).

RANGE.—Known from only two localities, both in the Ouachita River basin in Pike County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) jeanae Hobbs

FIGURE 113

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) jeanae Hobbs, 1973a:463, fig. 1.

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) spectrum Hobbs, 1973a:469, fig. 2. [Types: holotype and allotype, USNM 144674, 144675 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM. Type locality: two miles (3.2 km) east of Daisy, Pike County, Arkansas., on U.S. Hwy. 70.]

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 144672, 144673 male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage area 1.8 miles (2.9 KM) east of the Clark County line, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, on St. Rte. 84.

RANGE.—Ouachita River basin in Clark, Hot Spring, Montgomery, and Pike counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

REMARKS.—Fallicambarus (F.) spectrum appears to represent only a distinctive color morph of F. (F.) jeanae and is therefore placed herein in the synonomy of that species.

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) macneesel (Black)

FIGURE 111

Camberus macneesei Black, 1967:173, figs. 1–12.

Fallicambarus macnettti.—Hobbs. 1969b:lll. fig. 20g; 1972b:99, figs. 4c, 81a; 1974b:23, fig. 80.

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) macneesei.—Hobbs. 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117681, 117683, 117682 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU, MCZ, Joe B. Black.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditches along East McNeese Road, 1.8 miles (2.9 km) west of intersection with State Route 14, Lake Charles, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known only from Calcasieu, and Lafayette parishes, Louisiana, and Brazoria County, Texas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) strawni (Reimer)

FIGURE 114

Cambarus strawni Reimer, 1966:11. figs. 9–18.

Fallicambarus strawni.—Hobbs, 1969b:111, figs. 2f, 13j, 20i; 1972b:99, figs. 4a, 81b; 1974b:24, fig. 81.

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) strawni.—Hobbs, 1973a:463.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 116675, 116676, 116677 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, Rollin D. Reimer.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small marshy area in the Saline River drainage, 2.7 miles (4.3 km) north of Dierks, Howard County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Saline River basin in Sevier, Howard, and Pike counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows, both simple and complex (primary burrower).

Genus Faxonella Creaser

Cambarus.—Hay, 1899a:122 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonella Creaser, 1933b:21. [Type species, by monotypy, Cambarus clyptalus Hay, 1899a:122. Gender: feminine.]

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933b:19 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Procambarus—Hoff, 1944:349 [laptus].

Faxonella.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61.

Faxonella beyeri (Penn)

FIGURE 127

Orconectes (Faxonella) beyeri Penn, 1950a:166, figs. 1–9.

Faxonella beyeri.—Creaser, 1962:3 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61.—Hobbs, 1972b:29, fig. 19b; 1974b:24, fig. 91.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90361, 90362, 90363 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch on U.S. Highway 84, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Naborton, De Soto Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known only from De Soto and Natchitoches parishes, Louisiana, and Angelina, Jasper, and San Augustine counties, Texas.

HABITAT.—Lentic habitats.

Faxonella blairi Hayes and Reimer

FIGURE 125

FaxonElla blairi Hayes and Reimer, 1977:1, figs. 1–7.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 145705, 145706.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Woodland swamp approximately 100 yards (35 m) west of U.S. Highway 259 on north side of Little River, 7 miles (11.2 km) south of Broken Bow [not “Box”], McCurtain County. Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Southeastern Oklahoma and southwestern Arkansas in the Little and Red river basins. (See “Remarks” under Faxonella clypeata.)

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Faxonella clypeata (Hay)

FIGURE 124

Cambarus clyptatus Hay, 1899a:122, fig. 2.

Faxonius clypeatus.—Creaser, 1933b:19, pl. 1: figs. 7, 8, pl.2: figs. 1, 2.

Faxonius (Faxonella) clypeatus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes clyptalus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes clypeata.—Hobbs, 1942b:14.

Orconectes (Faxontlla) clyptala.—Hobbs, 1942b:154, pl. 11: figs. 181–185.

Procambarus clypeata.—Hoff, 1944:349 [lapsus calami].

Orconectes (Faxonella) clypeatus.—Penn, 1952a:746.

Faxonella clypeata.—Creaser, 1962:3 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61.—Hobbs, 1972b:29, fig. 19c; 1974b:24, fig. 89.—Huner, 1977:10.—Pflieger, 1987a:29; 1987b:13.

Faxonella clypeta.—Unestam, 1969:203 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonella clyptea.—Spitzy, 1976:445 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonella cylpeata.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:13 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonella clypeatus.—Rao and Fingerman, 1983:518.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 17277 (female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Le Flore County, Oklahoma(?), and Marion County, Texas, east to Gadsden County, Florida, and Richland County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams, lentic situations, and burrows (tertiary burrower).

REMARKS.—The ranges of F. clypeata, F. creaseri, and F. blairi have not been clearly defined. A study is needed to ascertain whether or not current records for Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma are based on correct identifications.

Faxonella creaseri Walls

FIGURE 126

Faxonella creaseri Walls, 1968:413, figs. 1–9.—Hobbs, 1972b:29, figs. 5w, 19a; 1974b:25, fig. 90.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129215, 129216, 129214 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, MCZ, IBM, AMS, Joe B. Black, and Jerry G. Walls.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 3.0 miles (4.8 km) north of Grayson on U.S. Highway 165, Caldwell Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known with certainty from only several localities in Caldwell Parish, Louisiana. Tentatively reported here from Arkansas and Missouri.

HABITAT.—Temporary pools in roadside ditches.

REMARKS.—Specimens of the genus from eastern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri may be assignable to F. creaseri or perhaps this taxon represents only a local variant of F. clypeata. (See “Range” and “Remarks” under F. clypeata.) Studies of populations in eastern Arkansas and southern Missouri are badly needed.

Genus Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne

Cambarus—Hobbs, 1955a:95 [in part].

Hobbseus Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus cristatus Hobbs, 1955a:95. Gender: masculine.]

Hobbseus attenuatus Black

FIGURE 132

Hobbseus attenuatus Black, 1969:193, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b:75, fig. 58c; 1974b:25, fig. 95.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129535, 129536, 129537 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, Joe B. Black.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Roadside ditch adjacent to Noxapater Creek, on gravel road two miles [3.2 km] north of State Route 395, six miles [9.6 km] west of Noxapater, Winston County, Mississippi (R. 11E, T. 14N).”

RANGE.—Pearl River drainage in Winston and Neshoba counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentie situations.

Hobbseus cristatus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 129

Cambarus cristatus Hobbs, 1955a:95, figs. 1–11.

Hobbseus cristatus.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:75, figs. 5o, 58b; 1974b:25, fig. 93.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 96985, 96986, 96987 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 11.3 miles (18.1 km) south of Macon on U.S. Highway 45, Noxubee County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Tombigbee River basin in Kemper, Lauderdale, Lowndes, and Noxubee counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic habitats and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus orconectoides Fitzpatrick and Payne

FIGURE 128

Hobbseus orconectoides Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:17, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1972b:75, fig. 58a; 1974b:25, fig. 92.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129191, 129193, 129194 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, OSM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Woodland pond near Rock Hill community, about 4.25 miles (6.8 km) north of Starkville, Oktibbeha County, Mississippi (Sec. 1, T. 19N, R. 14E).

RANGE.—Known only from Lowndes, Oktibbeha, and Webster counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus petilus Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 133

Hobbseus petilus Fitzpatrick, 1977:367, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147673, 147674, 147675 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, Joe B. Black.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Patch Creek (Tombigbee River drainage), 7.4 miles (11.8 km) E of U.S. Highway 45 in Saltillo, on State Route 363, Lee County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Itawamba, Lee, and Monroe counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Hobbseus prominens (Hobbs)

FIGURE 130

Cambarus prominens Hobbs, 1966a:110, figs. 1–10.

Hobbseus prominens.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:76, figs. 58e, 59b; 1974b:25, fig. 94.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115603, 115604, 115605 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Demopolis, on U.S. Highway 80, Marengo (not Sumter) County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Mobile River drainage in Choctaw, Clarke, Dallas, Hale, Marengo, Perry, Sumter, and Webster counties, Alabama. Also present in northern Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows (probably secondary burrower).

Hobbseus valleculus (Fitzpatrick)

FIGURE 131

Cambarus valleculus Fitzpatrick, 1967b:163, figs. 1–12.

Hobbseus valleculus.—Fitzpatrick and Payne, 1968:15.—Hobbs, 1972b:76, figs. 58d, 59a; 1974b:25, fig. 96.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117963, 117964, 117965 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small creek, 6.8 miles (10.9 km) south of junction of State Routes 15 and 12 on State Route 15, Choctaw County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known only from a few localities in Attala, Choctaw, and Kemper counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Orconectes Cope

Astacus.—Rafinesque, 1817:42.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:95 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852: 87 [in part].

Orconectes Cope, 1872:419. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:339), Orconectes inermis Cope, 1872:419. Gender: masculine.].—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Camtarus.—Packard, 1888:156 [erroneous spelling].

Oreonectes.—Lönnberg, 1894:126 [erroneous spelling].

Camborus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambrus.—Price, 1900:155 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis.—Harris, 1903:113 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:97. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus limosus Rafinesque, 1817:42. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus.].—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

G[ambarus].—Ortmann, 1905c:112 [erroneous spelling].

Fraxonius.—Turner, 1926:43 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:l.

Orconetes.—Wolf, 1934–1938:104.—Avault, 1973:242. [Erroneous spelling.]

Faxonicus.—Fleming, 1938:302 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarrus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [erroneous spelling].

Cityphobius.—Joleaud, 1939:14 [error for C. typhlobius].

Fexonius.—Rioja, 1941:193 [erroneous spelling].

Orconecctes.—Williams, 1952:330 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectas.—Villalobos, 1953:351 [erroneous spelling].

Orconects.—Lewis, 1955:146 [erroneous spelling].

Gambarus.—Croizat, 1958:908 [erroneous spelling].

Orconnectes.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus.—Bartcescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Oronectes.—Bartcescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orchonectes.—Dimond et al., 1968:760 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectus.—Ray and Stevens, 1970:58 [erroneous spelling].

Orconcectes.—Fielder, 1972:133 [erroneous spelling].

Orconeotes.—Unestam, 1973:4 [erroneous spelling].

Oroncestes.—Wielgus, 1973:119 [erroneous spelling].

Orcenectes.—Hart and Hart, 1974:45 [erroneous spelling].

Oroconectes.—Hobbs III, 1975:273 [erroneous spelling].

Orcnoectes.—O'Brien, 1976:84 [erroneous spelling].

Oreconectes.—Yassini, 1977:201 [erroneous spelling].

Onconectes.—Price and Payne, 1977:79 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus.—Huner, 1978:4 [lapsus for Orconectes].

Orconelctes.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconcetes.—Huner and Naqvi, 1984:405 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Billecambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:47. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Harrisonii Faxon, 1884:130. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Buannulifictus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Palmeri Faxon, 1884:124. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Crockerinus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Sanbornii Faxon, 1884:128. Gender masculine.]

Subgenus Gremicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:53. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus virilis Hagen, 1870:63. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Hespericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus difficilis Faxon, 1898:656. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Procericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus forceps Faxon, 1884:133. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Rhoadesius Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus sloanii Bundy, 1876:24. Gender masculine.]

Subgenus Tragulicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:60. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus lancifer Hagen, 1870:59. Gender masculine.)

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1942a:350) erroneously indicated that Orconectes inermis Cope was the type-species by monotypy. Cope (1872:419) stated: “The present genus embraces two species, O. inermis of the Wyandotte and the O. pellucidus of the Mammoth Cave.”

Subgenus Billecambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:130 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:111 [in part].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Billecambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:47. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Harrisonii Faxon, 1884:130. Gender masculine.]

Orconectes (Billecambarus) harrisonii (Faxon)

FIGURE 149

Cambarus Harrisonii Faxon, 1884:130; 1885a:94, pl. 3: fig. l, pl. 9: figs. 9, 9′.

Cambarus harrisonii.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus harrisoni.—Ortmann, 1902:278.

Cambarus (Faxonius) harrisoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:111.

Faxonius harrisonii.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1934a:l; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) harrisonii.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes harrisonii.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) harrisonii.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes harrisoni.—Rhoades, 1944a:117.—Pflieger, 1987a:28; 1987:12.

Orconectes harrisonii.—Williams, 1954:839, figs. 35–41.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:29, fig. 111.

Orconectes (Billecambarus) harrisonii.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3586 (11 male I, 5 female), USNM 25826 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Irondale, Washington County, Missouri.

RANGE.—St. Francis, St. Genevieve, and Washington counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Buannulifictus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1884:124 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:103 [in part].

G[ambarus].—Ortmann, 1905c:112 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [in part].

Subgenus Buannulifictus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus Palmeri Faxon, 1884:124. Gender masculine.]

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) hobbsi Penn

FIGURE 197

Orconectes hobbsi Penn, 1950c:381, figs. 1–10; 1959:18, figs. 32, 52, 68, 82.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:29, fig. 160.

Orconectes (Orconectes) hobbsi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius hobbsi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) hobbsi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90952, 90953, 90954 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, TU, AMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Headwater creek of Bayou Lacombe at St. Tammany, 6 miles (9.6 km) north of Lacombe on State Route 187, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Lake Pontchartrain watershed in Louisiana and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Rapidly flowing streams.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki brevis Williams

FIGURE 193

Orconectes meeki brevis Williams, 1952:348, figs. 41–48; 1954:881, figs. 166, 175–182.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:34, fig. 156.

Orconectes (Orconectes)meeki brevis.—Hobbs. 1959:895 [by implication].

Faxonius meeki brevis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki brevis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118848 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Streams, approximately 5 miles (8 km) north of Stilwell on U.S. Highway 59, Adair County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Red River in eastern Oklahoma and extreme northwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki meeki (Faxon)

FIGURE 192

Cambarus meeki Faxon, 1898:657, pl. 65: figs. 5–9.

Cambarus meekii.—Hay, 1899b:960 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) meeki.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

G[ambarus] (Faxonius) meeki.—Ortmann, 1905c:112 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius meeki.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) meeki.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes meeki.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:28; 1987b:12.

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes meeki meeki.—Williams, 1952:350; 1954:878, figs. 166–174.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:34, fig. 155.

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki meeki.—Hobbs, 1959:895 [by implication].

Faxonius meeki meeki.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki meeki.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 4363 (2 male II, 3 female), USNM 19680 (10 male II, 13 female), Mus. Zool. Torino 433.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Walnut Fork of Big Piney Creek, Swain, Newton County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Arkansas and White river systems north of the 35th parallel in Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri creolanus (Creaser)

FIGURE 196

Faxonius (Faxonius) creolanus, Creaser, 1933b:16, pl. 1: figs. 1, 2 [subgenus by implication].

Cambarus creolanus.—Penn, 1941:8.

Faxonius creolanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Orconectes creolanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Orconectes (Orconectes) creolanus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri creolanus.—Penn, 1952a:744.

Orconectes palmeri creolanus.—Penn, 1953e:6; 1957:231, figs. 24, 27, 30.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:37, fig. 159.

Faxonius palmeri creolanus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes palmeri croelanus.—Godley, McDiarmid, and Rojas, 1984:83 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri creolanus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 101972 and 98341 (male I, female); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to Amite River, 0.5 mile (0.8 km) north of Ethel, East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Mississippi and Louisiana in “the Lake Pontchartrain drainage area plus the Pearl and Pascagoula rivers” (Penn, 1957:258).

HABITAT.—Rapid and sluggish streams.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri longimanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 195

Cambarus palmeri longimanus Faxon, 1898:655, pl. 64: figs. 1–6.

Cambarus longimanus.—Creaser and Ortenburger, 1933:16, 38, figs. 4, 16, 26.

Faxonius longimanus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) longimanus.—Creaser, 1933b:19 [by implication].

Cambarus longimanus.—Goodnight, 1940:41 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes palmeri longimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:37, fig. 158.—Williams, 1954:894, figs. 200, 209–216.—Penn, 1957:231, figs. 25, 28.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri longimanus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes longimanus.—Hoff, 1943:282.

Faxonius palmeri longimanus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri longimanus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 7390 (male I); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, Mus. Zool. Torino.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Red River, Arthur City, Lamar County, Texas.

RANGE.—Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas, and Louisiana, “all western tributaries of the Mississippi River from the Arkansas River to the Gulf, and Gulf drainage streams from the Mississippi River to the Guadalupe River in Texas” (Penn, 1957:258).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri palmeri (Faxon)

FIGURE 194

Cambarus Palmeri Faxon, 1884:124; 1885a:103, pl. 3: fig. 6, pl. 10: figs. 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus palmeri.—Underwood, 1886:371.

Cambarus palmeri palmeri.—Faxon, 1898:655 [by implication].

Cambarus (Faxonius) palmeri.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius palmeri.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) palmeri.—Creaser, 1933b:19 [by implication].

Cambarus (Faxonius) creaseri Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum, fide J.F. Fitzpatrick, in litt.].

Orconectes palmeri palmeri.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:37, fig. 157.—Hobbs and Marchard, 1943:28, figs. 7, 13. 19, 26—Penn, 1957:231, figs. 26.29.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes)palmeri.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Faxonius palmeri palmeri.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes palmeri.—Huner, 1977:11.—Pflieger, 1987a:30; 1987b:14.

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri palmeri.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49, fig. 2.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4872 (8 male II, 7 female), MCZ 3564 (2 male II, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Creek at eastern side of Reelfoot Lake, Obion County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Lower Mississippi Valley, occurring in western Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Mississippi, and in eastern Missouri and Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Crockerinus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:88 [in part].

Astacus.—Hagen, 1870:61 [lapsus].

Camborus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:112 [in part].

Faxonius.—Williamson, 1907:754 [intended as subgeneric name].—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Camarus.—Fleming, 1939:304 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarrus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [in part].

Orconecctes.—Williams, 1952:330 [erroneous spelling].

Orconnectes.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Orconcectes.—Fielder, 1972:132 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Crockerinus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50. [Type species, by orgininal designation, Cambarus Sanbornii Faxon, 1884:128. Gender masculine.]

Orconectes (Crockerinus) bisectus Rhoades

FIGURE 164

Orconectes bisectus Rhoades, 1944a:129, fig. 7a–d.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Prins and Fitzpatrick, 1965:141, figs. 1–12.—Hobbs, 1974b:27, fig. 125.

Orconectes (Orconectes) bisectus.—Hobbs, 1959:890 [by implication].

Faxonius bisectus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) bisectus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81322, 81323 (male II, female); paratypes, MCZ, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Brushy Fork, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Repton, Crittenden County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Ohio River drainage in eastern part of Crittenden County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Medium-sized streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) erichsonianus (Faxon)

FIGURE 162

Cambarus erichsonianus Faxon, 1898:659, pl. 64: figs. 7–12.

Cambarus erichsoni.—Ortmann, 1905c:109 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) erichsonianus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Cambarus spinosus gulielmi Faxon, 1914:375. [Syntypes, USNM 26379 (6 male II, 6 female, 4 juvenile male), MCZ 7448 (male II, female). Type locality, streams from John Ross Spring, near Rossville, Walker County, Georgia.]

Cambarus gulielmi.—Ortmann, 1931:68.

Faxonius erichsonianus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) erichsonianus.—Creaser, 1933b:7 [by implication].

Cambarus erichsonionus.—Fleming, 1938:299 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes erichsonianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:29, fig. 123; 1981:284, figs. 19d, 108a, b, 109–111, 231.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:147, figs. 2–18.20.

Orconectes (Orconectes) erichsonianus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) erichsonianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 20787 (3 male I, 4 female), MCZ 4347 (male I, female, male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rip Roaring Fork, 5 miles (8.0 km) northwest of Greeneville, Greene County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Tennessee, Elk, and Coosa river systems in southwestern Virginia, eastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia, and northern Alabama

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) eupunctus Williams

FIGURE 154

Orcontecctes eupunclus Williams, 1952:330 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes eupunctus Williams, 1952:334, pl. 1: figs. 1–8; 1954:840, figs. 41–49.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:19, fig. 116—Pflieger, 1987a:24; 1987b:8.

Orconectes (Orconectes) eupunctus.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius eupunctus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) eupunctus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” USNM 129200 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Eleven Point River at Riverton, Oregon County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Spring River and Eleven Point drainage systems in Arkansas and Missouri.

HABITAT.—Clear, cold, rapid streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) illinoiensis Brown

FIGURE 166

Orconectes illinoiensis Brown, 1956:163, figs. 1–9.—Hobbs, 1974b:30, fig. 128.—Page, 1985b:386, figs. 116–119, frontispiece.

Faxonius illinoiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes illinoisensis.—Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1962:207.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:149, figs. 2–18, 21. [Erroneous spelling.]

Orconectes (Crockerinus) illinoiensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 97997, 97998, 97999 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, Max R. Matteson, Troy C. Dorris, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, 3.2 miles (5.1 km) south of Mount Pleasant, Union County, Illinois.

RANGE.—Ohio and Big Muddy basins in Alexander, Hardin, Jackson, Johnson, Massac, Pope, Pulaski, Union, and Williamson counties, Illinois (see Page, 1985b:386).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) jeffersoni Rhoades

FIGURE 157

Orconectes propinquus jeffersoni Rhoades, 1944a:123, fig. 5a-f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus jeffersoni.—Hobbs, 1959:894 [by implication].

Faxonius propinquus jeffersoni.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes jeffersoni.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:152, figs. 2–18, 22.—Hobbs, 1974b:31, fig. 119.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) jeffersoni.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated by Rhoades as allotype), USNM 81316, 81318, 81317 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, CM, USNM, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Muddy Fork of Beargrass Creek, 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Louisville corporation line on U.S. Highway 42, Jefferson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Tributaries to Beargrass Creek, Ohio River, Jefferson County, Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) marchandi Hobbs

FIGURE 153

Orconectes marchandi Hobbs, 1948b:140, figs. 1–4, 10–14, 17; 1974b:34, fig. 115.—Williams, 1954:843, figs. 1, 50–57.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:24; 1987b:8.

Orconectes (Orconectes) marchandi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius marchandi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) marchandi Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82072, 82073, 82074 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stream 3.2 miles (5.1 km) southeast of Hardy, Sharp County, Arkansas, on U.S. Highway 63.

RANGE.—Spring River drainage system in Lawrence and Sharp counties, Arkansas, and Oregon County, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Clear, rocky streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) obscurus (Hagen)

FIGURE 155

Cambarus obscurus Hagen, 1870:69, pl. 1: figs. 72–75, pl. 3: fig. 154.

Astacus obscurus.—Hagen, 1870:5 [lapsus].

Cambarus propinquus var. obscura.—Faxon, 1885a:92.

Cambarus propinquus obscurus.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Faxonius) obscurus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112; 1906b:369, pl. A: figs. 1, 2, pl. 39: fig. 7, pl. 40: fig. 1, pl. 42: figs. 2, 3.

Cambarus propinquus obscura.—Fowler, 1912:564.

Faxonius obscurus.—Creaser, 1933a:5; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) obscurus.—Creaser, 1933a:5 [by implication].

Orconectes obscurus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:36, fig. 117.—Crocker, 1957:36, 53, 75, pl. 3: figs. 5, 6, pl. 5: fig. 2—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:160, figs. 3.11–15, 25. Orconectes (Orconectes) obscurus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Cambarus obscura.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:161 [erroneous spelling].

Orconcectes obscurus.—Fielder, 1972:133 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) obscurus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Lectotype, MCZ 181 (male I); paralectotypes, MCZ 181 (9 male I, 6 female), MCZ 3353 (7 male I, female), MCZ 3354 (3 male II), USNM 4971 (male I), MHNP (male, female), Würzburg Mus.; “cotypes” previously reported to be in the Australian Museum are not there. The lectotype (male I) was selected by Fitzpatrick (1967a:162) from MCZ 181, and all other “types” were designated paralectotypes by him.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Genesee River, Rochester, Monroe County, New York.

RANGE.—Southeastern Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, West Virginia, northern Virginia, and western Maryland.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) propinquus (Girard)

FIGURE 156

Cambarus propinquus Girard, 1852:88.

Astacus propinquus.—Hagen, 1870:61.

Cambarus propinquus propinquus.—Faxon, 1885a:91 [by implication].

Camborus propinquus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinquus typicus.—Ortmann, 1905c:133.

Cambarus (Faxonius) propinquus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112; 1906b:358, pl. 39: fig. 6a, b.

Faxonius propinquus.—Williamson, 1907:754.—Creaser, 1933a:1.

Cambarus (Fraxonius) propinquus.—Turner, 1926:43 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius (Faxonius) propinquus propinquus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Camarus propinguus.—Fleming, 1939:304 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinkuus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [in part; erroneous spelling].

Cambarrus propinquus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Propinquus.—Goodnight, 1940:40.

Orconectes propinquus propinquus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Crocker, 1957:35, 48, 75, frontispiece, pl. 3: figs. 1, 2, pl. 5: fig. 1.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus propinquus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes propinquus.—Hoff, 1943:281.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:145, figs. 2–19.—Hobbs, 1974b:39, fig. 118.—Page, 1985a:569; 1985b:406, figs. 141–144.

Orconnectes propinquus.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius propinquus propinquus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes sp. A.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:150–151, 167–169, figs.2–18, 27.

Orconectes iowaensis Fitzpatrick, 1968a:507, figs. 1–10 [Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117963, 117964, 117965 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, Coe College, MCZ. Type locality: Turkey River, 2.5 miles (4 km) south of Cresco, Howard County, Iowa].—Hobbs, 1974b:31, fig. 127.—Phillips, 1980:87, figs. 2c, 6c; 1982:27.

Orconectes propoinquus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:120 [erroneous spelling.]

Orconectes propinques.—Nolfi, 1978:186 [erroneous spelling).

Orconectes propinques.—Buikema and Benfield, 1979:1711 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes iowaenis.—Phillips and Reiss, 1979:19 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes kinderhookensis Fitzpatrick and Pickett, 1980:375, figs. 1–11. [Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 148883, 148884, 148885; paratypes, USNM, Joseph F. Pickett, Sr. Type locality, Kinderhook Creek 0.4 mi (0.6 km) south of the Rensselaer County line on St. Rte. 66, Columbia County, New York].—D.G. Smith, 1981b:389.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) propinquus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Probably destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871 (Faxon, 1914:417).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Three localities were originally given by Girard. From these, Faxon (1914:417) designated Garrison Creek, Sackett's Harbor, Jefferson County, New York, as the type locality. Ortmann (1906b:363) cited Oswego, Oswego County, New York. Crocker (1957:35) and Fitzpatrick (1967a:146) accepted Ortmann's designation.

RANGE.—Ontario, Quebec, and New York westward to Iowa and southeastern Minnesota, and southward to Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts.

HABITAT.—Streams and rocky shores of lakes.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) rafinesquei Rhoades

FIGURE 163

Orconectes rafniesquei Rhoades, 1944a:116, fig. la–f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:40, fig. 124.

Orconectes (Orconectes) rafinesquei.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius rafinesquei.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) rafinesquei.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 81304, 81306, 81305 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, ANSP, MCZ, OSM, BCPM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rough River, at Falls-of-Rough, Gray-son-Breckenridge counties, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Green River basin of western Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii erismophorous Hobbs and Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 160

Orconectes propinquus erismophorous Hobbs and Fitzpatrick, 1962:208, figs. 1–15.

Orconectes sanborni erismophorus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:131, figs. 2–18, 24 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes sanborni erismophorous.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 160, fig. 24.

Orconectes sanbornii erismophorous.—Hobbs, 1974b:40, fig. 122.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii erismophorous.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 107597, 107598, 107599 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Crane Nest Creek at Pee Wee, Wirt County, West Virginia.

RANGE.—Little Kanawha River system, West Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii sanbornii (Faxon)

FIGURE 159

Cambarus Sanbornii Faxon, 1884:128.

Cambarus propinquus Sanbornii.—Faxon, 1885a:91, pl. 5: fig. 3, pl. 9: figs. 10, 10′, 10a, 10a′.

Cambarus propinquus var. sanborni.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus propinquus var. sanbornii.—Osborn and Williamson, 1898:21.

Cambarus propinquus sanbornii.—Faxon, 1898:660.

Cambarus propinquus sanborni.—Ortmann, 1905c:128.

Cambarus (Faxonius) propinquus sanborni.—Ortmann, 1906b:365,

Cambarus obscurus sanborni.—Ortmann, 1906b:437.

Faxonius sanborni.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) sanborni.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes propinquus sanborni.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus sanborni.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Faxonius sanborni sanborni.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes sanborni sanborni.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:157, figs. 2–18, 23.

Orconectes sanborni.—Stevenson, 1967:208.

Orconectes sanbornii sanbornii.—Hobbs, 1974b:40, fig. 121.

Orconectes senborni.—Campos, 1982:18 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii sanbornii.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50, fig. 3.

TYPES.—Lectotype, MCZ 3692 (male I); paralectotypes, MCZ 3587 (lost), MCZ 3692 (male II, female). (See Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 157.)

TYPE LOCALITY.—Oberlin, Lorain County, Ohio. Restricted by Faxon, 1914:418.

RANGE.—Southern Ohio and adjacent West Virginia and Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) shoupi Hobbs

FIGURE 167

Cambarus propinkuus.—Fleming, 1939:305 [in part; erroneous spelling].

Cambarus propinquus sanborni.—Fleming, 1939:305 [in part], pl. 14.

Orconectes shoupi Hobbs, 1948a:14, figs. 1–5, 9, 15, 16, 19, 20; 1974b:41, fig. 129.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) shoupi.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius shoupi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Cambarus shoupi.—Bouchard, 1972b:18 [lapsus calami].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) shoupi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 84072 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mill Creek, tributary of Cumberland River, east of Oglesby near Antioch Pike, 10 miles (16 km) south of Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) stannardi Page

FIGURE 161

Orconectes stannardi Page, 1985a:564, fig. 1.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) stannardi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, INHS (male I, female, male II); paratypes, INHS, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little Wabash River at secondary road 719, 3.75 miles (6 km) NNW of Louisville (Sec. 33SW, T. 5N, R. 6E), Clay County, Illinois.

RANGE.—Little Wabash River system in southeastern Illinois.

HABITAT.—Streams, principally riffle areas.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) tricuspis Rhoades

FIGURE 165

Orconectes tricuspis Rhoades, 1944a:117, fig. 2a–f.—Hobbs, 1948a:20; 1974b:41, fig. 126.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) tricuspis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius tricuspis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) tricuspis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (latter designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81307, 81309, 81308 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, ANSP, MCZ, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Pete Lights’ spring, 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Canton, Trigg County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Lower Green, Tradewater, and Cumberland drainages in western Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Small streams.

Orconectes (Crockerinus) virginiensis Hobbs

FIGURE 158

Orconectes virginiensis Hobbs, 1951a:122, figs. 1–10; 1974b:42. fig, 120.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication]; 1967a:164, figs. 2–18, 26. Orconectes (Orconectes) virginiensis.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius virginiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes virginianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:133 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Crockerinus) virginiensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:50.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 91659, 91660, 91661 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rowanty Creek, tributary of the Nottoway River, 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of Reams Station on U.S. Highway 301, Dinwiddie County, Virginia.

RANGE.—Chowan drainage system in North Carolina and Virginia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann

Astacus.—Rafinesque, 1817:42 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:87 [in part].

Subgenus Astacus.—Herklots, 1861:144 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part]. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus limosus Rafinesque, 1817:42. Gender: masculine.].—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:51.

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [in part].

Orconetes.—Avault, 1973:242 [erroneous spelling].

Orconeotes.—Unestam, 1973:4 [erroneous spelling].

Orconelctes.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Faxonius) indianensis (Hay)

FIGURE 142

Cambarus indianensis Hay, 1896:494, fig. 9.

Cambarus (Faxonius) indianensis.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Faxonius indianensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) indianensis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes indianensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:31, fig. 105.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication).—Page, 1985b:394, figs. 124–126.

Orconecters (Orconectes) indianensis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Faxonius) indianensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:53.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 14624 (2 male I, 2 female), MCZ 3859 (2 male I, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Patoka River, Patoka, Gibson County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Wabash Basin in southern Indiana and Sabine River and Honey Creek watersheds in southern Illinois. (See Page, 1985b:394.)

Orconectes (Faxonius) limosus (Rafinesque)

FIGURE 140

Astacus limosus Rafinesque, 1817:42.

Astacus affinis Say, 1817:168. [Types, not extant. Type locality, Delaware River.]

Astacus (Cambarus) affinis.—Erichson, 1846:96.

Cambarus Pealei Girard, 1852:87. [Syntypes, USNM 2081 (2 male I, 2 female). Type locality, Potomac River at Washington, D.C.]

Cambarus affinis.—Girard, 1852:87.

Astacus (Astacus) affinis.—Herklots, 1861:144.

Cambarus (Faxonius) limosus.—Ortmann, 1905c:107.—Fowler, 1912:353, pls. 104, 105.

Cambarus limosus.—Ortmann, 1905c:107.

Cambarus pealei.—Ortmann, 1906b:352.

Faxonius limosus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) limosus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes limosus.—Hobbs 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1948a:20, fig. 22; 1974b:33, fig. 103.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) limosus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Faxonius affinis.—Hobbs, 1942c:55.

Orconects limosus.—Lewis, 1955:146 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes affinis.—Holthuis, 1956:228.

Orconectes limosa.—Mobberly, 1963:80 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus affinis.—Bartcescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes limosus.—Avault, 1973:242 [erroneous spelling].

Orconeotes limosus.—Unestam, 1973:4 [erroneous spelling].

Oroncestes limosus.—Wielgus, 1973:119 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes limnosus.—Ingle and Thomas, 1974:525 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes limusus.—Reynolds, 1979:57 [erroneous spelling].

Orconelctes limosus.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes Limosus.—D.G. Smith, 1981a:169 [lapsus].

Orconectes (Faxonius) limosus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:53, fig. 4.

TYPES.—Not known to exist.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Delaware River near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

RANGE.—The Atlantic watershed from Maine to the lower James River in Virginia. Introduced into western Europe.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Faxonius) wrighti Hobbs

FIGURE 141

Orconectes wrighti Hobbs, 1948c:85, pl. 3: figs. 1–9; 1974b:43, fig. 104.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) wrighti.—Hobbs, 1959:893.

Faxonius wrighti.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Faxonius) wrighti.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:53.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 85144 (male I); allotype and morphotype, USNM 85145 (female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Robinson Creek on State Route 57, Hardin County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known only from Hardin County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Gremicambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:63 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:113 [in part].

Faxonius.—Williamson, 1907:749 [in part; intended as subgeneric name].—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [in part].

Orconnectes.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis.—Dudel, 1965:324 [erroneous spelling].

Camburus.—Bartcescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling].

Orchonectes.—Dimond et al., 1968:760 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectus.—Ray and Stevens, 1970:58 [erroneous spelling].

Oronectes.—Durliat and Vranckx, 1976:474 [erroneous spelling].

Orcnelctes.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes.—Huner, 1981:47 [erroneous spelling].

Orconcetes.—Huner and Naqui, 1984:405 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Gremicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:53. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus virilis Hagen, 1870:63. Gender: masculine.]

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) alabamensis (Faxon)

FIGURE 206

Cambarus Alabamensis Faxon 1884:125; 1885a:104, pl. 4: fig. 4, pl. 10: figs. 3, 3′, 3a, 3a′.

Cambarus alabamensis.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Faxonius) alabamensis.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Faxonius alabamensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) alabamensis.—Creaser, 1933b:16 [by implication].

Orconectes alabamensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:26, fig. 166.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:2, figs. 1, 2a.

Orconectes (Orconectes) alabamensis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) alabamensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4876 (14 male I, 16 female, 4 male II), MCZ 3565 (2 male I, 2 female, 2 male II.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Second Creek, Waterloo, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River basin from Shoal Creek in Lawrence County, Tennessee, and Lauderdale County, Alabama, to Hardin County, Tennessee.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) causeyi Jester

FIGURE 200

Orconectes causeyi Jester, 1967:518, figs. 1–12.—Reimer, 1969:52, figs. 4, 10, 24, 37.—Hobbs, 1974b:17, fig. 163.

Orconectes acuseyi.—Loring and Hill, 1976:219 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes nais form causeyi.—Unger, 1978:14.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) causeyi.—Fitzpatrick, 1978a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115698, 115699, 1156700 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Conchas Reservoir, 32 miles (51.2 km) northwest of Tucumcari on State Route 104, San Miguel County, New Mexico.

RANGE.—“New Mexico, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Kansas” (Reimer, 1969:55). To this may be added southwestern Colorado.

HABITAT.—Streams and impoundments.

REMARKS.—As stated in my earlier checklist (Hobbs, 1974b) and elsewhere, this crayfish appears to me to be indistinguishable from Orconectes (G.) virilis (Hagen). Until the relationships of these two species and O. (G.) nais (Faxon) become more adequately understood, the conservative recognition of the three seems advisable. Particularly does this seem prudent in light of Unger's (1978) having presented evidence that the three taxa are perhaps distinct and that O. (G.) causeyi is more similar to O. (G.) nais than to O. (G.) virilis. Unfortunately, his samples were quite limited both in quantity and in representing the range of the complex.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) chickasawae Cooper and Hobbs

FIGURE 209

Orconectes chickasawae Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:29, fig. 10.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) chickasawae.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144924, 144925, 144926); paratypes, USNM, NCSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Town Creek, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of Muldon, 3 miles (4.8 km) east of State Route 45W (CS:T. 16S, R. 7E, Sec. 7 and 18), Monroe County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—“Known from western tributaries of the Tombigbee River in Chickasaw, Clay, Lowndes, and Monroe counties, Mississippi” (Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:34).

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) compressus (Faxon)

FIGURE 210

Cambarus compressus Faxon, 1884:127; 1885a:105, pl. 5:fig.6, pl. 10: figs. 2, 2′, 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) compressus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Faxonius compressus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) compressus.—Creaser, 1933b:16 [by implication].

Orconectes compressus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1949:17; 1974b:27, fig. 169.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) compressus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) compressus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4878 (11 male I, 13 female), USNM 4879 (5 male I, 3 female, 1 male II), MCZ 3583 (3 male I, 2 female, 1 male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Second Creek, Waterloo, Lauderdale County, Alabama. Restricted by Faxon (1914:419).

RANGE.—Tennessee River basin, below Walden Ridge, in Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee; Cumberland River basin in Tennessee and Kentucky; and the Barren River watershed in Tennessee and Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Clear, rock- or gravel-bedded streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) cooperi Cooper and Hobbs

FIGURE 204

Orconectes cooperi Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:17, fig. 7.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) cooperi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147722, 147723, 147724; paratypes, USNM, NCSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Brier Fork of the Flint River at U.S. Highway 231–431, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Meridianville (Sec. 7, T. 2S, R. 1E), Madison County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Known only from the Flint River watershed in Madison County, Alabama, and Lincoln County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) etnieri Bouchard and Bouchard

FIGURE 205

Orconectes etnieri Bouchard and Bouchard, 1976b:459, fig. 1.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) etnieri.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146583, 146584, 146585 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Robinson Creek at Tennessee State Highway 57, Hardin County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Western tributaries of the Tennessee River from Robinson Creek northward to Snake Creek in Hardin County, and in the Forked Deer, Hatchie, and Loosahatchie drainage systems in Tennessee and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) holti Cooper and Hobbs

FIGURE 202

Orconectes holti Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:23, figs. 8, 9.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) holti.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147149, 147150, 147151 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bogue Chitto Creek, 2.3 miles (3.7 km) west of Marion on State Route 14 (Sec. 11, T. 19N, R. 7E), Perry County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Alabama River basin in Dallas, Lowndes, Montgomery, Perry, and Wilcox counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) immunis (Hagen)

FIGURE 201

Cambarus immunis Hagen, 1870:71, pl. 1: figs. 101, 102, pl. 3: fig. 160; pl. 8: fig. b.

Cambarus signifer Herrick, 1882:253, fig. 7. [Types, MCZ 3515 (2 male I, 1 female). Type locality, Grass Lake, Richfield, Hennepin County, Minnesota.]

Cambarus immunis spinirostris Faxon, 1884:146. [Types, USNM 4655 (6 male II, 8 female), MCZ 3562 (2 male II, 2 female). Type locality. Reelfoot Lake, Obion County, Tennessee.]

Cambarus immunis immunis.—Faxon, 1884:146 [by implication].

Cambarus immunis var. spinostris.—Harris, 1901:115 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus rinmunis.—Steele, 1902:3 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) immunis.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius immunis.—Williamson, 1907:749 [Faxonius intended as subgenericname].—Creaser, 1933a:4; 1962:2.

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis immunis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis pedianus Creaser, 1933b: 14 [Subgenus by implication. Holotype and allotype, USNM 98334, 98335 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM. Type locality, reservoir at Englewood, Denver, Colorado].

Cambarus immunis Hagenianus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [(?) lapsus for C. immunis Hagen].

Orconectes immunis immunis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:890, figs. 200–208.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes immunis pedianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352.

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis immunis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes immunis.—Penn, 1950d:645.—Hobbs, 1974b:30, fig. 164.—Page, 1985b:388, figs. 120–123.—Pflieger, 1987a:20; 1987b:6.

Orconnectes immunis.—Threinen, 1958:2 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Orchonectes immunis.—Dimond et al., 1968:760 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes imunis.—Ono and Nakajima, 1979:1681 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes immunis.—Huner and Naqvi, 1984:405 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) immunis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 188 (2 male I, 2 ovigerous female.) The “paratypes” of Faxon (1914), MCZ 3355 (1 male I), are dubious “types” because this number was not listed by Hagen (1870:73). Douglas G. Smith has examined MCZ lots 3355, listed as paratypes by Faxon (1914:421), and 1841, listed as such by Hagen 1870:73, and found the former to contain a first form male of O. immunis from Belleville, Illinois, the latter, a marine crustacean from Society Island. Probably Hagen erred in recording the specimen from Belleville as having been catalogued under number 1841. The “paratype” said to be in MHNP could not be located.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lawn Ridge, Marshall County, Illinois.

RANGE.—Maine and Connecticut to eastern Colorado and Wyoming, and from Alabama to southern Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec. Its presence in New England probably resulted from introductions (Douglas G. Smith, in litt.).

HABITAT.—Ponds, roadside ditches, and sluggish streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) mississippiensis (Faxon)

FIGURE 198

Cambarus Mississippiensis Faxon, 1884:123; 1885a:101, pl. 3: fig. 2, pl. 10: figs. 4, 4′, 4a, 4a′.

Cambarus mississippiensis.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Faxonius) mississippiensis.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius mississippiensis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) mississippiensis.—Creaser, 1933b:19 [by implication].

Orconectes mississippiensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:35, fig. 161.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication],—Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:35, figs. 11–13.

Orconectes (Orconectes) mississippiensis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) mississippiensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 19760 (male I, female), USNM 19759 (male II, female), MCZ 3563 (female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Eastern Mississippi. Restricted to Macon, Noxubee County, Mississippi, by Faxon (1914:422).

RANGE.—“Limited to the Prairie Section of the Noxubee River basin and in other tributary systems of the Tombigbee River northward to the Catalpa Creek basin in Kemper, Noxubee, Lowndes, and Oktibbeha counties, Mississippi” (Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:40).

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) nais (Faxon)

FIGURE 203

Cambarus Nais Faxon, 1885b: 140.

Cambarus nais.—Underwood, 1886:371.

Cambarus naïs.—Faxon, 1890:631.

Cambarus pilosus Hay, 1899a:121, fig. 1. [Types, USNM 19761 (6 male II), MCZ 7389 (male II). Type locality, Beloit, Mitchell County, Kansas.]

Cambarus pelosus.—Harris, 1901:115 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) nais.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.—Creaser and Ortenberger, 1933:37, figs. 10, 14, 24.

Cambarus (Faxonius) pilosus.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius nais.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) nais.—Creaser, 1933b:5.

Orconectes nais.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:35, fig. 165.—Williams, 1954:886, figs. 191–199.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) nais.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectus nais.—Ray and Stevens, 1970:58 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes mais.—Craelius, 1976:406 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) nais.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3755 (2 male I, male II, female), USNM 129213 (3 male I, 3 male II); Mus. Washburn Coll. (no longer there).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Labette County, Kansas.

RANGE.—Great Plains: Oklahoma and Texas; the limits not known. (See Bouchard and Robison, 1981:28.)

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—The syntypes in the National Museum of Natural History are specimens collected by W.S. Newlon from the type locality and were received from the Kansas Museum of Natural History; presumably they represent a part of the lot that was said by Faxon (1914:420) to have been at Washburn College. See “Remarks” under Orconectes (G.) causeyi.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) rhoadesi Hobbs

FIGURE 207

Cambarus validus Faxonianus.—Fleming, 1938:303 [error for “C. validus Faxon”].

Orconectes rhoadesi Hobbs, 1949:19, pl. 3: figs. 1–10; 1974b:40, fig. 167.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rhoadesi.—Hobbs, 1959:895.

Faxonius rhoadesi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) rhoadesi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPES.—Holotype, morphotype, USNM 87953 (male I, male II), and allotype, USNM 87954 (female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Otter Creek, between Granny White Pike and Hillsboro Pike, about 7 miles (11.2 km) south of Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Cumberland, Duck, and Tennessee basins in central Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) validus (Faxon)

FIGURE 208

Cambarus validus Faxon, 1914:382, pl. 7: figs. 3, 4, 8, pl. 13: fig. 1.

Faxonius validus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) validus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes validus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:42, fig. 168.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Cooper and Hobbs, 1980:8, figs. 2b, 3–6.

Orconectes (Orconectes) validus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Cambarus (Faxonius) validus.—Bouchard, 1972b:103.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) validus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 301 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee and Black Warrior river systems in northern Alabama and southern Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis Hagen

FIGURE 199

Cambarus virilis Hagen. 1870:63, pl. 1: figs. 23–28, pl. 2: figs. 128–132, pl. 3: fig. 155, pl.8.

Cambarus wisconsinensis Bundy, 1876:4. [Type. MCZ 3448 (male II). Type locality, Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus debilis Bundy, 1876:24. [Type, MCZ 3448 (male II). Type Locality. Bamboo River, Ironton, Sauk County, Wisconsin.]

Cambarus couesi Streets, 1877:803. [Syntypes, USNM 3154 (7 male I. 3 juvenile male, 5 juvenile female), MCZ 3545 (male I, female, male II). Type locality, Red River of the North, near Pembina, Pembina County, North Dakota.]

Cambarus viriles.—Bundy, 1882:180 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus cousii.—Bundy, 1883:402 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Couesi.—Faxon, 1885a:97.

Cambarus wisconsiensis.—Harris, 1900:271 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus cousei.—Harris, 1903:134 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus viridis.—Moenkhaus, 1904:111 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) virilism—Ortmann, 1905c:113.—Creaser, 1932:326, figs. 1, 2, 8.

cambarus virilis.—Harmon, 1910: fig. 1 [lapsus].

Cambarus virile.—Léger, 1924:1206 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) Virilis.—Creaser, 1933a:21 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1972b:91, figs. 72h, 73e; 1974b:42, fig 162.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Page, 1985b:417, figs. 151–154.—Pflieger, 1987a:22; 1987b:6.

Orconectes (Orcorneclts) virilis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes virilis.—Threinen, 1958:1 [erroneous spelling],

Cambarus virilus.—Hama, 1961:329 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis virilus.—Dudel, 1965:324 [erroneous spelling).

Camburus viridis.—Bicescu, 1967:218 [erroneous spelling],

Orconectes (Cambarus) virilis.—Mason, 1970b:975.

Oronectes virilis.—Durliat and Vranckx, 1976:474 [erroneous spelling].

Orconelctes virilis.—Brodsky, 1981:122 [erroneous spelling].

Orconetes virilis.—Huner, 1981:47 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54, fig. 5.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 194 (male I, male II, 4 female, 2 ovigerous female), MCZ 196 (7 male 1, 3 male II, 3 female, juv. male, juv. female), MCZ 203 (male II, 3 female), MCZ 1151 (male I), MCZ 3342 (male I, 5 male II, female, 2 juv. male, juv. female), MCZ 3343 (4 male I, female), MCZ 3344 (male II, 2 female, juv. male, 3 juv. female), MHNP, Würzburg Mus., AMS.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Lake Superior,” restricted by Faxon, (1914:420).

RANGE.—From Saskatchewan to Ontario, Canada, and from Montana and Utah to Arkansas, New York, and Maine. Introduced into California (Riegel, 1959:29, 37); Maryland (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960:28); parts of New England (Crocker, 1979:247; D.G. Smith, 1979:388); Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi, and West Viginia (Bouchard, 1976a:583); Utah (Johnson, 1986:630); New York (Crocker, 1979:247); Chihuahua, Mexico (Campos and Contreras, 1985:218); and Pennsylvania (specimen in National Museum of Natural History from Adams County). See “Remarks” under O. (G.) causeyi.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Subgenus Hespericambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Faxon, 1898:656 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c: 113 [in part].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication, in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [in part].

Subgenus Hespericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:54. [Type species by original designation, Cambarus difficilis Faxon, 1898:656. Gender: masculine.]

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) blacki Walls

FIGURE 144

Orconectes difficilis blacki Walls, 1972:454, figs. 3a—e, 4a.—Hobbs, 1974b:28, fig. 107.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) blacki.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131255 (male I); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, Joe B. Black, and Jerry G. Walls.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bearhead Creek, 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Juanita on State Route 109, Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known from only six localities in Beauregard and Calcasieu parishes, Louisiana, and, according to Walls, 1972:455, intergrading with O. d. hathawayi “in Calcasieu River drainage of Allen, Beauregard, Calcasieu, and Vernon Parishes, Louisiana.” In his recent revision of the genus Orconectes, however, Fitzpatrick (1987a), as noted above, recognized no geographic races of Orconectes (H.) difficilis, according Walls’ subspecies specific rank.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) deanae Reimer and Jester, new combination

FIGURE 148

Orconectes deanae Reimer and Jester, 1975:17, fig. 1–7.—Bouchard, 1978c:415.

Orconectes denae.—Bouchard, 1978b:451 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) denae.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:49 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 133759, 133760; paratypes, USNM, Rollin D. Reimer.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Conchas Lake, located at junction of Conchas and South Canadian rivers in San Miguel County, on State Road 104, approximately 32 miles (51.2 km) northwest of Tucumcari, New Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from Canadian River basin in San Miguel and Quay counties, New Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic habitats.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) difficilis (Faxon)

FIGURE 143

Cambarus difficilis Faxon, 1898:656, pl. 65: figs. 1–4.

Cambarus (Faxonius) difficilis.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius difficilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) difficilis.—Creaser, 1933b: 16 [by implication],

Cambarus (Faxonius) difficilis.—Fleming, 1938:300 [erroneous spelling],

Orconectes difficilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication],—Williams, 1954:898, figs. 217–224, 233.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) difficilis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication]; 1959:892.

Orconectes difficilis difficilis.—Walls, 1972:456.—Hobbs, 1974b:28, fig. 106.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) difficilis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55, fig. 6.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 19687 (9 male I, 10 female, 5 male II), USNM 19688 (male I), MCZ 4359 (male I, female, male II), Mus. Zool. Torino.

TYPE LOCALITY.—McAlester, Pittsburg County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Pittsburg and Latimer counties, Oklahoma, Upshur County, Texas, to Washington County, Arkansas, southeastward into Louisiana (see Walls, 1972).

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

REMARKS.—See “Range” under O. (H.) blacki.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) hathawayi Penn

FIGURE 146

Orconectes (Orconectes) hathawayi Penn, 1952b: 1, figs. 1–14.

Orconectes hathawayi.—Penn, 1953d:7.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Faxonius hathawayi.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes difficilis hathawayi.—Walls, 1972:453.—Hobbs, 1974b:28, fig. 109.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) hathawayi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 92998, 92999, 93000 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, CM, ANSP, USNM, AMNH, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring Creek, 5.1 miles (8.2 km) east of Hineston on State Route 85, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Jackson and Rapides parishes south to Vermilion Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—See “Range” under O. (H.) blacki.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) maletae Walls

FIGURE 145

Orconectes difficilis maletae Walls, 1972:456, figs. 2a—e, 4b.—Hobbs. 1974b:28, fig. 108.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) maletae.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131254 (male I); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU, Joe B. Black, and Jerry G. Walls.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bayou Santabarb “(third branch north of Kisatchie)” on State Route 117, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Known from only seven localities in Natchitoches and Sabine parishes, Louisiana, and Upshur County, Texas. Specimens from Coal County, Oklahoma, were interpreted by Walls (1972) as intergrades between this crayfish and O. (H.) difficilis.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—See “Range” under O. (H.) blacki.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) perfectus Walls

FIGURE 147

Orconectes perfectus Walls. 1972:451, figs. 1a—e, 4c.—Hobbs, 1974b:38, fig. 110.

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) perfectus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 131256 (male I); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Satilpa Creek, 8.7 miles (13.9) km northwest (not “east”) of Grove Hill on Chilton Road, Clarke County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Widespread in the Tombigbee and lower Alabama river basins in Alabama and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Orconectes Cope

Astacus.—Tellkampf, 1844a:684 [in part].

astacus.—Tellkampf, 1845:93 [lapsus].

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:95 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:87 [in part].

Orconectes Cope, 1872:419 [in part]. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:339), Orconectes inermis Cope, 1872:419. Gender: masculine.

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hovey, 1882:222 [in part].—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:55.

Camtarus.—Packard, 1888:156 [erroneous spelling],

Oreonectes.—Lönnberg, 1894:126 [erroneous spelling],

Cambrus.—Price, 1900:155 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectis.—Harris, 1903:113 [erroneous spelling].

Cityphobius.—Joleaud, 1939:14 [lapsus for C. typhlobius].

Subgenus Faxonius.—Rhoades, 1941b:142 [in part].

G[ambarus],—Croizat, 1958:908 [erroneous spelling].

Oreonectes.—Hobbs III and Welch, 1972:66 [erroneous spelling],

Oronectes.—Hobbs III and Wells, 1972:125 [erroneous spelling],

Orconectes (Orconectes) australis australis (Rhoades)

FIGURE 134

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus australis Rhoades, 1941b: 142, fig. 35a—f.

Orconectes pellucidus australis.—Hobbs, 1942a:353; 1948a:20, fig. 6, 13.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus australis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Cambarus pellucidus australis.—Jeannel and Henrot, 1949:84.

Orconectes australis australis.—Barr, 1967:161.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:3, 11, figs. 2, 3, 5o—v, 6, 7, 8i—cc.—Hobbs, 1974b:26, fig. 97.

Orconectes Pellucidus.—Cooper and Poulson, 1968:130, fig. 8.

Orconectes australis.—Barr and Holsinger, 1971:115 [in part].

Orconectes (Orconectes) australis australis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79363, 79364, 79365 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, ANSP, OSM, Alabama Mus. Nat Hist., Leslie Hubricht.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Shelta Cavern (SE art, NE art, Sec. 27, T. 3S, R. 1W), north of Huntsville, Madison County, Alabama.

RANGE.—“Jackson and Madison counties, Alabari, northward on the western edge of the Cumberland Plateau to Fentress County, Tennessee, and Wayne County, Kentucky, where it intergrades with Orconectes australis packardi” (Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:95).

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams and pools.

Orconectes (Orconectes) australis packardi Rhoades

FIGURE 135

Orconectes pellucidus packardi Rhoades, 1944a:121, fig. 3a—f.—Hobbs, 1948a:20, figs. 8, 11.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1959:890 [in part].

Orconectes pellucidus packardii.—Nicholas, 1960:133.

Orconectes australis packardi.—Barr, 1967:161.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:4, 22, figs. 2, 4, 5a—n, 8a—h.—Hobbs, 1974b:27, fig. 98.

Orconectes (Orconectes) australis packardi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81310, 81312, 81311 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cumberland Crystal Cave (Sloans Valley Cave), Alpine, Pulaski County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Subterranean waters of the Cumberland River basin in southeastern Kentucky, intergrading with the nominate subspecies in Wayne County, Kentucky, and Fentress County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams and pools.

Orconectes (Orconectes) incomptus Hobbs and Barr

FIGURE 136

Orconectes incomptus Hobbs and Barr, 1972:32, fig. 9.—Hobbs, 1974b:31, fig. 99.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:98, fig. 47.

Orconectes (Orconectes) incomptus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130299, 130300, 130301 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, H.H. Hobbs III.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cherry Cave, 36°28′ 09″N, 85°36′28″W, Jackson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Known from only three localities, all in Jackson County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis inermis Cope

FIGURE 137

Orconectes inermis Cope, 1872:419.—Hobbs, 1948a:20, figs. 10, 14.

Cambarus pellucidus inermis.—Faxon, 1885a:83.—Packard, 1888:41.

Cambarus pellucidus variety inermis.—Hay, 1893:284.

Oreonectes inermis.—Lönnberg, 1894:126 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus inermis.—Faxon, 1898:647.

Orconectis inermis.—Harris, 1903:113 [erroneous spelling],

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus inermis.—Rhoades, 1959:401 [in part].

Orconectes pellacious.—Anonymous, 1965:7360.

Orconectes inermis inermis.—Barr, 1967:161.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:4, 36, figs. 1, 10, 12c–z, 13.—Hobbs, 1974b:31, fig. 100.

Oreonectes inermis inermis.—Hobbs III and Welch, 1972:66 [erroneous spelling].

Oronectes inermis inermis.—Hobbs III and Wells, 1972:125 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes i. inernis.—Hobbs III and Wells, 1972:125 [erroneous spelling].

Oroconectes inermis inermis.—Hobbs III, 1975:278 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis inermis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57, fig. 7, 8.

TYPES.—Not extant. Topotypes, USNM 131405 (male I, female, male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Wyandotte Cave, Indiana. Actually Si—bert's Well Cave, just below Wyandotte Cave, Crawford County, Indiana, according to Hobbs (1942a:335).

RANGE.—From Hart County, Kentucky, northwestward to Crawford and Harrison counties, Indiana, where it intergrades with O. (O.) inermis testii.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis testii (Hay)

FIGURE 138

Cambarus pellucidus var. testii Hay, 1891:148.

Cambarus pellucidus testii.—Hay, 1893:285.

Cambarus pellucidus testii.—Hay, 1902a:233.

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus testii.—Ortmann, 1931:64 [by implication].

Orconectes pellucidus testii.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus testii.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication],

Orconectes pellucidus inermis.—Rhoades, 1959:401 [in part].

Orconectes inermis testii.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:2, 49, figs. 1, 11, 12a, b.—Hobbs, 1972b:79, 148, fig. 60f, 61e; 1974b:31, fig. 101.

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis testii.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 17702 (2 male II, female), MCZ 7431 (male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mayfield's Cave, SW art, NE art, SW art, Sec. 26, T. 9N, R. 2W, Monroe County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Monroe County, Indiana, intergrading immediately to the south with the typical subspecies.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus (Tellkampf)

FIGURE 139

Astacus pellucidus Tellkampf, 1844a:684; 1844b:383; 1845:85.

astacus pellucidus.—Tellkampf, 1845:93.

Astacus (Cambarus) pellucidus.—Erichson, 1846:95.

Cambarus pellucidus.—Girard, 1852:87.—Hagen, 1870:55, pl. 1: figs. 68–71, pl. 3: fig. 148, pl. 6.

Cambarus pelulcidus.—Hagen, 1870:106 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes pellucidus—Cope, 1872:409.—Hobbs and Barr, 1972:58, figs. 1, 14–16.—Hobbs, 1974b:37, fig. 102.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:108, fig. 50.

Cambarus typhlobius Joseph, 1880:202 [see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus coecus Joseph, 1881:237 [nomen nudum; see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus stygius Joseph, 1881:241 [nomen nudum]; 1882:12 [validation of nomen nudum of 1881, becoming homonym of Cambarus stygius Bundy (= Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard)); see Holthuis, 1964].

Cambarus (Orconectes) pellucidus.—Hovey, 1882:222 [in part].

Cambarus Stygius.—Faxon, 1884:139.

Cambarus pellucidus pellucidus.—Packard, 1888:41 [by implication].

Camtarus (Orconectes) pellucidus, form inermis.—Packard, 1888:156 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus Cambarus Stigius.—Rabé, 1890:9 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus Cambarus pellucidus.—Rabé, 1890:9.

Cambrus pellucidus.—Price, 1900:155 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus pelucidus.—Eigenmann, 1900:228 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus.—Ortmann, 1905c:97.

Cityphlobius.—Joleaud, 1939:14 [lapsus for C. typhlobius].

Cambarus caecus.—Bouvier, 1940:68 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus pellucidus pellucidus.—Rhoades, 1941b:144.

Cambarus (Fexonius) pellucidus.—Rioja, 1941:194 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus pelludicus.—Dearolf, 1942:50 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus Pellucidus.—Jackson, 1942:4.

Orconectes pellucidus pellucidus Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) pellucidus.—Balss, 1944:402.

Orconectes pellucidus pelluicdus.—Hobbs, 1948a:16 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes pellucidus pellucidus pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1948a:19 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus Coecus.—Bott, 1950:25.

Gambarus typhlobius.—Croizat, 1958:908 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus.—Hobbs, 1959:890.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57.

Orconectes pallucidus.—Elliott, 1986:5 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, ZBM 1562 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Area extending “southwestward from Hart County to Trigg County, Kentucky, and Montgomery County, Tennessee” (Hobbs and Barr, 1972:69).

Subgenus Procericambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:65 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1931:76 [in part].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 (in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [in part].

Subgenus Procericambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:57 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus forceps Faxon, 1884:133. Gender: masculine.]

Orconectes (Procericambarus) acares Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 170

Orconectes leptogonopodus acares Fitzpatrick, 1965:87, figs. A–J.

Orconectes acares.—Hobbs, 1972b:94, fig. 74f; 1974b:26, fig. 132.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) acares.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115517, 115518, 115519 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stream tributary to Ouachita River, 6 miles (9.6 km) northwest of Mount Ida, Montgomery County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ouachita River in Garland, Hot Spring, Montgomery, Perry, Pike, Polk, and Saline counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) barrenensis Rhoades

FIGURE 178

Orconectes rusticus barrenensis Rhoades, 1944a: 125, fig. 6a–f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus.—Hobbs, 1959:893 [in part].

Faxonius rusticus barrenensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus barrensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:143 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes barrenensis.—Hobbs, 1972b:97, figs. 74h, 76b; 1974b:27, fig. 139.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) barrenensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81319, 81321, 81320 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, CM, MCZ, USNM, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Barren River, Beech Bend, 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Bowling Green, Warren County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Barren River drainage in Kentucky and Tennessee, and Green River system in Kentucky.

HABITAT.—Swift streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) forceps (Faxon)

FIGURE 176

Cambarus forceps Faxon, 1884:133; 1885a:119, pl. 5: fig. 4, pl. 9: figs. 5, 5′, 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) forceps.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Cambarus rusticus forceps.—Ortmann, 1931:66.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus forceps.—Ortmann, 1931:72.

Faxonius forceps.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) forceps.—Creaser, 1933b:10 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus forceps.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus forceps.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes forceps.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a: 143.—Hobbs, 1972b:98. figs. 77i, 80d; 1974b:29, fig. 137; 1981:289, figs. 19c, 107b, 108c, 112, 113, 232.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) forceps.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58, fig. 9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 4880 (3 male I, 4 female), MCZ 3582 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cypress Creek, Lauderdale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Tennessee River drainage, chiefly above Walden Ridge, from southwestern Virginia to Wayne County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) hylas (Faxon)

FIGURE 172

Cambaras hylas Faxon, 1890:632.

Cambarus (Faxonius) hylas.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Faxonius hylas.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) hylas.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes hylas.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:30, fig. 134.—Williams, 1954:847, figs. 74–82.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—1987a:25.

Orconectes (Orconectes) hylas.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) hylas.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3858 (3 male II, 1 female), USNM 25827 (male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—West Fork of Black River, Reynolds County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Big and Black rivers in southeastern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) leptogonopodus Hobbs

FIGURE 169

Orconectes leptogonopodus Hobbs, 1948b:146, figs. 24–32; 1972b:87. figs. 68a, e, 69b; 1974b:32, fig. 131.—Williams, 1954:854, figs. 18, 99–106.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) leptogonopodus.—Hobbs, 1959:892.

Faxonius leptogonopodus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes leptogonopodus leptogonopodus.—Fitzpatrick, 1965:87.—Reimer, 1969:55, fig. 27.

Orconectes leptogonopodus.—Mayden, 1985:198 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) leptogonopodus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82262 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—McKinney's Creek, 4.7 miles (7.5 km) northeast of Hatfield, Polk County, Arkansas, on U.S. Highway 71.

RANGE.—Red River drainage in Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma, Ouachita Mountain Province.

HABITAT.—Small, clear, rocky streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) longidigitus (Faxon)

FIGURE 181

Cambarus longidigitus Faxon, 1898:653. pl. 62: figs. 6–9.

Cambarus whitmanii Steele, 1902:24, pl. 3: figs, c1, c2. pl. 5: fig. b [Location of types unknown. Type locality, James River, Missouri.]

Cambarus (Faxonius) longidigitus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 113.

Faxonius longidigitus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) longidigitus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes longidigitus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]. 1974b:33, fig. 142.—Williams, 1954:884, figs. 149. 183–190.—Pflieger. 1987a26; 1987b: 10.

Orconectes (Orconectes) longidigitus.—Hobbs. 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) longidigitus—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 4364 (2 male II, female, 2 juv. female), USNM 19683 (male II, 3 female, juv. male, 2 juv. female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Oxford Bend, White River (Izard County?), Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the White and Little Red rivers in Missouri and Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) luteus (Creaser)

FIGURE 188

Faxonius (Faxonius) luteus Creaser, 1933b:7, pl 1: figs 3, 4, [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius luteus—Creases, 1934a:1; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes luteus.—Hobbs, 1942a:333; 1974b:33. fig. 150—Williams. 1954:872.figs. 149–157—Fitzpatrick, 1963 61 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:27; 1987b:11.

Orconectes (Orconectes) luteus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes luetus.—Fitzpatrick. 1967a:143 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) luteus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype. USNM 98344. 98345 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Niangua River at mouth of Greasy Creek, 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Buffalo, Dallas County, Missouri.

RANGE.—From the Marais des Cygnes River, Kansas, eastward through southern Missouri and into Lawrence County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Clear, swiftly flowing streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) macrus Williams

FIGURE 184

Orconectes nana macrus Williams, 1952:337. figs. 17–24; 1954:851, figs. 2, 91–98—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hayes. 1973:111.

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana macrus.—Hobbs. 1959:892 [by implication].

Faxonius nana macrus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes macros.—Hobbs, 1972b:93. fig. 74e; 1974b:33. fig. 145.—Pflieger, 1987a:28; 1987b:12.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) macrus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118847 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring River, 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Mount Vernon, Lawrence County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Upper Arkansas River system in southwestern Missouri and northwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams and shallow burrows along them.

REMARKS.—Hayes (1973:111) reported what he interpreted to be intergrade populations between O. (P.) nana and O. (P.) macrus in Delaware and Ottawa counties, Oklahoma, but in his recent revision of the genus, Fitzpatrick (1987a:58) maintained specific status for these crayfishes.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) medius (Faxon)

FIGURE 187

Cambarus medius Faxon, 1884:121; 1885a:107, pl. 3: fig. 4, pl. 9: figs. 4, 4′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) medius.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Faxonius medius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) medius.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes medius.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:34, fig. 149.—Williams. 1954:876, figs. 158–166.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Pflieger. 1987a:27; 1987b:ll.

Orconectes (Orconectes) medius.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) medius.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3585 (male 1, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Irondale, Washington County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the Big and Meramec rivers in eastern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) menae (Creaser)

FIGURE 189

Faxonius (Faxonius) menae Creaser, 1933b:5, pl. 1: figs. 9, 10 [subgenus by implication].

Orconectes menae.—Hobbs, 1942a:353; Hobbs, 1974b:24, fig. 151.—Williams, 1954:863, figs. 123–131—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) menae.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Faxonius menae.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) menae.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98330, 98331 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM, MCZ, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stream tributary to Irons Fork of the Ouachita River, Mena, Polk County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ouachita River in Polk and Montgomery counties, Arkansas, and of the Red River in LeFlore and McCurtain counties, Oklahoma.

HABITAT.—Rocky creeks.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) mirus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 182

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus mirus Ortmann, 1931:81.

Faxonius (Faxonius) mirus.—Creaser, 1933b:10 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus mirus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus mirus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Faxonius mirus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes mirus.—Hobbs, 1972b:97, figs. 74i, 76c, e; 1974b:35. fig. 143.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) mirus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.1378 (male I, 3 male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hurricane Creek, Cumberland Springs, Moore County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Northern tributaries of the westward flowing segment of the Tennessee River in Alabama and Tennessee, and the Duck and Harpeth rivers in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) nana Williams

FIGURE 183

Orconectes nana nana Williams, 1952:333, figs. 9–16; 1954:849, figs. 82–90.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana nana.—Hobbs, 1959:892 [by implication].

Faxonius nana nana.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes nana.—Hobbs, 1972b:96, figs. 74g, 76a; 1974b:35, fig. 144.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) nana.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 129824, 129825, 129826 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Flint Creek, 5 miles (8 km) east of Kansas, Delaware County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Neosho River basin in Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

REMARKS.—See “Remarks” under O. (P.) macrus.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus chaenodactylus Williams

FIGURE 179

Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams. 1952:344, figs. 33–40; 1954:869, figs. 140–148.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:36, fig. 140.

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus chaenodactylus.—Hobbs, 1959:893 [by implication].

Faxonius neglectus chaenodactylus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Onconectes neglectus chaenodactylus.—Price and Payne, 1977:79 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes neglectus chaenodaytylus.—Morales, Bozada, and Casanova, 1987:175 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus chaenodactylus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 118840 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Whites Creek, 8.6 miles (13.7 km) southeast of Ava, Douglas County, Missouri.

RANGE.—North Fork of the White River in Arkansas and Missouri, and as far south as Sylamore Creek in Stone County, Arkansas; intergrading in the headwaters with the nominate subspecies.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus neglectus (Faxon)

FIGURE 180

Cambarus neglectus Faxon, 1885b: 142.

Cambarus (Faxonius) neglectus.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.—Creaser and Ortenburger, 1933:17, figs. 9, 15, 23.

Faxonius neglectus.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) neglectus.—Creaser, 1933b:9 [by implication].

Cambarus neglecta.—Parks, Smith, and Garrett, 1939:2 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes neglectus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:25; 1987b:9.

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes neglectus neglectus.—Williams, 1952:344 [by implication]; 1954:866, figs. 132–139, 148.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:36, fig. 141.—Unger, 1978:7, figs. 9–13, 29.

Faxonius neglectus neglectus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes transfuga Fitzpatrick, 1966b:178, figs. A—T. [Types: holotype and allotype, USNM 114763 (male I, female); morphotype, USNM 114762 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM. Type Locality: Rogue River, 6 miles (9.6 km) upstream from Grants Pass, Jackson County, Oregon. (See Bouchard, 1977a:38 and 1978c:412, or 1980a:412).]

Orconectes transfugus.—Fitzpatrick, 1967a:143 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus neglectus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) transfuga.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3757 (male I, female), MCZ 3590 (male II, questionable type), Mus. Washburn Coll., no longer there.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mill Creek, Wabaunsee County, Kansas.

RANGE.—Streams in the White (except North Fork) and Arkansas river systems in Missouri, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, and in tributaries of the Kansas River in Colorado, Nebraska, and east central Kansas. Introduced into the Rogue River basin in Oregon (Bouchard, 1978c:412).

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) ozarkae Williams

FIGURE 190

Orconectes ozarkae Williams, 1952:339, figs. 25–32; 1954:860, figs. 115–123.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:36, fig. 153.—Pflieger. 1987a:25; 1987b:9.

Orconectes (Orconectes) ozarkae.—Hobbs, 1959:892.

Faxonius ozarkae.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) ozarkae.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 118846 (male I, female) and “morphotype,” USNM 118844 (male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hackney Creek, 4.6 miles (7.3 km) west—southwest of Stuart, Sharp County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—White and Black river systems in southern Missouri and northern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) peruncus (Creaser)

FIGURE 173

Cambarus (Faxonius) peruncus Creaser, 1931a:7, figs. 13–17.

Faxonius (Faxonius) peruncus.—Creaser, 1933b:12 [by implication].

Faxonius peruncus—Creaser. 1934a:1; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes peruncus.—Hobbs, 1942a:353; 1974b:38, fig. 135.—Williams, 1954:845, figs. 18, 66–73.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:26; 1987b:10.

Orconectes (Orconectes) peruncus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) peruncus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98339, 98340 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Little Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, 1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of Chloride, Iron County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the St. Francis River in central Missouri.

HABITAT.—Rocky streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) placidus (Hagen)

FIGURE 177

Cambarus placidus Hagen, 1870:65, pl. 1:figs. 76–79, pl. 3: fig. 158.

Cambarus rusticus, var. placida.—Faxon, 1885a:65.

Cambarus rusticus, var. placidus.—Faxon, 1885b: 142.

Cambarus rusticus placidus.—Faxon, 1890:630.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus placidus.—Ortmann, 1931:76.

Faxonius placidus.—Creaser, 1933a:3, [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) placidus.—Creaser, 1933b:10 [by implication].

Cambarus rustics placidus.—Fleming, 1938:302 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes rusticus placidus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication],—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication],

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus placidus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes placidus.—Hobbs. 1966b:69; 1974b:38, fig. 138.—Page, 1985b:404, figs. 136–140.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) placidus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 170 (3 male I, I male II), MCZ 289 (4 male II, 3 female), MCZ 296 (male I), USNM4966 (male II), MHNP (male II, 3 female), Würzburg Museum (?, see Faxon, 1914:418), AMS.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Lebanon, Wilson County, Tennessee.

RANGE.—Lower Ohio, Cumberland, Duck, and Tennessee drainage systems in southern Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and northern Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) punctimanus (Creaser)

FIGURE 171

Faxonius (Faxonius) punctimanus Creaser, 1933b:1, pl. 1: figs. 5, 6 [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius punctimanus.—Creaser, 1934a:l; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes punctimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:353; 1974b:39, fig. 133.—Williams, 1954:856, figs. 107–114, 200.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:27; 1987b:ll.

Orconectes (Orconectes) punctimanus.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) punctimanus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98342, 98343 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rubidoux Creek at Waynesville, Pulaski County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Between the White, St. Francis, and Missouri rivers in Arkansas and Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) putnami (Faxon)

FIGURE 186

Cambarus Putnami Faxon, 1884:131; 1885a: 118, pl. 5: fig. 5, pl. 9: figs. 6, 6′, 6a, 6a′.

Cambarus putnami.—Underwood, 1886:372.

Cambarus (Faxonius) putnami.—Ortmann, 1905c:112.

Orconectes putnami.—Rhoades, 1944a:129.—Hobbs, 1972b:86, figs. 68d, 69a; 1974b:39, fig. 148.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) putnami.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3568 (4 male I, 7 female, 8 juv. male, 5 juv. female), MCZ 3569 (13 male I), MCZ 3570 (3 male I), USNM 10130 (male I), ZIAS 1/44971 (male, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Bear Creek, Grayson Springs, Grayson County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Ohio drainage system in western Kentucky, southern Indiana(?), and Tennessee(?).

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Following Ortmann (1931), this species has been largely relegated to synonymy with O. juvenilis (Hagen) (= O. (P.) rusticus). Even Rhoades, in using the combination Orconectes putnami for the first time, considered it a synonym of O. juvenilis. Not until 1972 was it proposed that it again be accorded specific status, but its range and that of the closely allied O. (P.) spinosus have not been adequately investigated.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) quadruncus (Creaser)

FIGURE 168

Faxonius (Faxonius) quadruncus Creaser, 1933b:10, pl. 1: figs. 11, 12 [subgenus by implication].

Faxonius quadruncus.—Creaser, 1934a:l; 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes quadruncus.—Hobbs. 1942a:353; 1974b:39, fig. 130.—Williams, 1954:844, figs. 1, 58–65.—Fitzpartick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Pflieger, 1987a:26; 1987b: 10.

Orconectes (Orconectes) quadruncus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) quadruncus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98346, 98347 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stout's Creek, tributary to St. Francis River, between Ironton and Arcadia, Iron County, Missouri.

RANGE.—Restricted to the headwaters of the SL Francis River system in Iron, Genevieve, and Madison counties, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Rapidly flowing, rocky streams.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) rusticus (Girard)

FIGURE 174

Cambarus rusticus Girard, 1852:88.—Faxon, 1885a:108, pl. 9: figs. 8, 8′, 8a, 8a′.

Cambarus juvenilis Hagen, 1870:66, pl. 1: figs. 29–33, pl 3: fig. 157. [Syntypes, MCZ 3347 (26 male II, female, 8 juv. male), USNM 4967 (male I), USNM 25830 (male I, female), MHNP (2 male, 2 female). Other types cited by Faxon (1914:418) apparently no longer extant. Type Locality, Kentucky River, Little Hickman, Jessamine County, Kentucky.]

Cambarus juvenalis.—Harris, 1900:271 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus.—Ortmann, 1905c:l12.

Faxonius rusticus.—Williamson, 1907:753 [Faxonius intended as a subgeneric name].—Creaser, 1933a:5.

Cambarus (Faxonius) rusticus rusticus.—Ortmann, 1931:82.

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Ortmann, 1931:84 [in part].

Faxonius juvenilis.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) rusticus rusticus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus rusticus.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication].—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes juvenilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:32, fig. 147.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus rusticus.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes (Orconectes) juvenilis.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes rusticus.—Pennak, 1953:465.—Hobbs, 1972b:92, figs. 74c, 75b, d; 1974b:40, fig. 136.—Page, 1985b:412, figs. 145–147.

Orconnectes rusticus.—Threinen, 1958:3 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius rusticus rusticus.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes Juvenils.—Hobbs and Walton, 1966:136 [erroneous spelling in title].

Orconectes juvenalis.—Merkle, 1969:228 [erroneous spelling].

Orcenectes juvenilis.—Hart and Hart, 1974:45 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus vusticus.—Lake and Newcombe, 1975:212 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectus rusticus.—DuBois and Sharma, 1977:27 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus rusticus.—Huner, 1978:4 [lapsus calami].

Cambarus rustrineus rustrineus.—Brodsky, 1981:49 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) rusticus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—“Types probably destroyed in the Chicago fire in 1871” (Faxon, 1914:418). Questionable types: USNM 4968 (male II), in very poor condition; ANSP 195 (dry female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ohio River at Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio.

RANGE.—Southern Ontario and Michigan to Kentucky and Tennessee; presumably introduced in one or more of the following: New England, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, New Mexico, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. (See Page, 1985b:412; Lawton, 1979:90.)

HABITAT.—Streams, ponds, and lakes.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) saxatilis Bouchard and Bouchard

FIGURE 175

Orconectes saxatilis Bouchard and Bouchard, 1976a:439, fig. 1.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) saxatilis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146577, 146578, 146579 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, Raymond W. Bouchard.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Pigeon Creek at Oklahoma State Highway 63, LaFlore County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality, Red River Basin.

HABITAT.—Stream.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) spinosus (Bundy)

FIGURE 185

Cambarus spinosus Bundy, 1877:173.—Faxon, 1885a:115, pl. 9: figs. 7, 7′, 7a, 7a′.

Cambarus (Faxonius) spinosus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 112.

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis.—Ortmann, 1931:84 [in part].

Orconectes spinosus.—Hobbs, 1944:340; 1972b:87, figs. 68b, g, 69d; 1974b:41, fig. 146; 1981:293, figs. 19b, 107a, 108d, 113, 114, 233.

Orconectes spinous.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:190 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Procericambarus) spinosus.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3540 (2 male II, 2 female), MCZ 3541, (male II, female), USNM 19779 (3 male II, 2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Etowah, Oostanaula, and Coosa Rivers, in the vicinity of Rome, Georgia” (Bundy, 1877:174).

RANGE.—Coosa, Tennessee, and Kanawha(?) river systems in Alabama, Georgia, eastern Tennessee, Virginia(?), and West Virginia(?). The limits of the range of O. (P.) spinosus and the closely related O. (P.) putnami have not been determined.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Following Ortmann (1931), this species has been largely relegated to synonomy with O. juvenilis (Hagen) (= O. (P.) rusticus (Girard)). Not until 1972 was it again accorded specific status.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) williamsi Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 191

Orconectes williamsi Fitzpatrick, 1966a:145, figs. 1–10.—Hobbs, 1974b:43, fig. 154.

Orconectes (Procericambarus) williamsi.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115520, 115521, 115522 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—White River, 2.8 miles (4.5 km) east of Pettigrew, Madison County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Headwaters of the White River from Madison and Washington counties, Arkansas, to Barry County, Missouri.

HABITAT.—Pools in small streams.

Subgenus Rhoadesius Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Bundy, 1876:24 [in part].

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:107 [in part].

Faxonius.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication; in part].

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication; in part].

Subgenus Rhoadesius Fitzpatrick, 1987a:58. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus sloanii Bundy, 1876:24. Gender: masculine.]

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) kentuckiensis Rhoades

FIGURE 151

Orconectes kentuckiensis Rhoades, 1944a:122. fig. 4a–f.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Hobbs, 1974b:32, fig. 113.—Page 1985b 396 figs. 128–131.

Orconectes (Orconectes) kentuckiensis.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Faxonius kentuckiensis.—Creaser, 1962:2 [by implication].

Orconectes kentuckiens.—Magnuson et al., 1975:71 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) kentuckiensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:60.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype” (designated as allotype by Rhoades), USNM 81313, 81315, 81314 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Piney Creek, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Shady Grove, Crittenden County, Kentucky.

RANGE.—Caldwell, Crittenden, Livingston, and Union counties, Kentucky, and Hardin County, Illinois.

HABITAT.—Mud-bottomed streams.

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) sloanii (Bundy)

FIGURE 150

Cambarus sloanii Bundy, 1876:24.

Cambarus Sloanii.—Faxon, 1885a:89, pl. 4: fig. 5, pl. 10: figs. 1, 1′, la, la′.

Cambarus sloanei.—Ortmann, 1902:278 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Faxonius) sloanei.—Ortmann, 1905c:107 [erroneous spelling].

Faxonius sloanii.—Creaser, 1933a:3 [by implication]; 1962:2 [by implication].

Faxonius (Faxonius) sloanii.—Creaser, 1933b:21 (by implication].

Cambarus sloani.—Rhoades, 1941a:93.

Orconectes sloanii.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication]; 1974b:41, fig. 112.—Eberly, 1955:281.

Orconectes (Orconectes) sloanii.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication].

Orconectes sloani—Hobbs, 1948a:20.

Orconectes sloanei.—Eberly, 1958:2 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Orconectes) sloani.—Hobbs, 1959:894.

Orconectes sloanni.—Hobbs III, 1975:284 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) sloanii.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:60, fig. 10.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3806 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—New Albany, Floyd County, Indiana.

RANGE.—Southern Indiana and southwestern Ohio.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Tragulicambarus Fitzpatrick

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:59.

Subgenus Faxonius Ortmann, 1905c:113 [in part].

Faxonius.—Penn, 1939:215.

Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 [by implication; in part].

Subgenus Orconectes.—Hobbs, 1942b:154 [by implication; in part].

Subgenus Tragulicambarus Fitzpatrick, 1987a:60. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus lancifer Hagen, 1870:59. Gender: masculine].

Orconectes (Tragulicambarus) lancifer (Hagen)

FIGURE 152

Cambarus lancifer Hagen, 1870:59, pl. 1: figs. 86, 87, pl. 3: fig. 159.

Cambarus faxonii Meek, 1894:1042, figs. 1–4, [Syntypes, MCZ 4220 (4 male II, 3 female), USNM 19331 (40 male II and 25 female), USNM 22425 (male II, female). type locality, St. Francis River at Greenway and Big Bay, Clay County, Atkansas.]

Cambarus (Faxonius) lancifer.—Ortmann, 1905c:113.

Faxonius lancifer.—Penn, 1939:215.

Orconectes lancifer.—Hobbs, 1942a:352 (by implication]; 1974b:32, fig. 114.—Fitzpatrick, 1963:61 [by implication].—Page, 1985b:400, figs. 131–135.—Pflieger, 1987a:29; 1987b:13.

Orconectes (Orconectes) lancifer.—Hobbs, 1942b: 154 [by implication].

Orcnoectes lancifer.—O'Brien, 1976:84 [erroneous spelling].

Orconectes (Tragulicambarus) lancifer.—Fitzpatrick, 1987a:60.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 306 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Root Pond, Miss.” Rocky Ford near Etta, Union County, Mississippi, Fide Penn (1939:215).

RANGE.—Known from the coastal plain and Mississippi River floodplain of eastern Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, Kentucky, and extreme southern Illinois.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Genus Procambarus Ortmann

Astacus.—Harlan, 1830:464 [not Fabricius, 1775].

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:95 [in part]. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Faxon, 1898:644), Astacus Bartonii Fabricius, 1798:407. Gender: masculine.]

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:91 [in part].

Camborus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Cambarus Ortmann, 1905c:96 [in part]. [Type species, by invalid designation, Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d:435, 437. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:340), Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225. Gender masculine.]

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a: 1. [Type species, by monotypy, Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, elevated to generic rank by Hobbs, 1942a:344, and reduced to subgenus of Procambarus by Hobbs, 1972a: 10.]

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464. Gender: masculine. Replacement name for Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus. Utilized as generic name by Rhoades, 1944a: 114, and as a subgenus of Procambarus by Hobbs, 1972a:9.)

Cambarellus.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [lapsus calami].

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle, 1938:76. [Type species, by monotypy, Cambarus Hagenianus Faxon, 1884:141. Gender: feminine.]

Cambaru.—Goodnight, 1941:72 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:341 [Ortmann's (1905d) subgenus elevated to generic rank]; 1984: fig. 1.

Ortmanmanicus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [erroneous spelling].

Cambaus.—Okada, 1948:133 [erroneous spelling).

Pracambarus.—Villalobos, 1953:352 [erroneous spelling].

Paracamburus.—Villalobos, 1953:354 [erroneous spelling].

Procambrus.—Sukô, 1961:37 [erroneous spelling].

procambarus.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami).

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs, 1972a:5. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus fitzpatricki Hobbs, 1971a:461. Gender feminine.)

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs, 1972a:5. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus vazquezae Villalobos, 1954b:328. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:6. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei Ortmann, 1905b:401. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs, 1972a:7. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus advena LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.)

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs, 1972a:7. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621. Gender: masculine.)

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs, 1972a:8. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus acherontis Lönnberg, 1894:125. Gender masculine.]

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs, 1972a: 8. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri Ortmann, 1909:159. Gender: masculine].

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs, 1972a:10. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus natchitochae Penn, 1953d:5. Gender: masculine].

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs, 1972a:ll. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus pecki Hobbs, 1967b:2. Gender: masculine].

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs, 1972a: 11. [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus Faxon, 1914:369. Gender: masculine].

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:12. [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus tenuis Hobbs, 1950b:194. Gender: masculine.]

Subgenus Villatobosus Hobbs, 1972a:12. [Type species, by original designation, Paracambarus riojae [sic] Villalobos, 1944a:161. Gender: masculine.].

Procamborus.—Franzini-Armstrong, 1976:218 [erroneous spelling].

Procambararus.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:12 [erroneous spelling].

Procambasrus.—Huner, 1977:10 [erroneous spelling].

Procambaris.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

Procamburus.—Brown and Bowler, 1978:34 [erroneous spelling].

Combarus.—Shinozaki and Ishida, 1981:50 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarius.—Mauro, Thompson, and Melacha, 1983:938 [erroneous spelling].

Procambambarus.—Appelberg, 1983:67 [erroneous spelling].

Procamberus.—Welcome, 1985:91 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs

Cambarus.—Lyle, 1938:76 [in part].

Subgenus Paracambarus.—Lyle, 1938:76.

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1972a:5 [in part].

Subgenus Acucauda Hobbs, 1972a:5 [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus fitzpatricki Hobbs, 1971a:461. Gender: feminine.]; 1984, fig. 7.

Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki Hobbs

FIGURE 211

Cambarus (Paracambarus) harnedi Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus fitzpatricki Hobbs, 1971a:461, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki.—Hobbs, 1972a:5, figs. 11, 2a, 4a–g; 1974b:43, fig. 170.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131205, 131206, 131207 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at junction of State Route 67 and Woolmarket Road, just north of D'Iberville, Harrison County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Southern Mississippi between the Wolf and Pascagoula rivers.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary or secondary burrower).

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—Erichson, 1846:87 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:87 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus Ortmann, 1905c:101 [in part].

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d:438 [in part].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Subgenus Austrocambarus Hobbs, 1972a:5 [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus vazquezae Villalobos, 1954b:328. Gender masculine.]; 1984, fig. 6.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorus Villalobos

FIGURE 223

Procambarus acanthophorus Villalobos, 1948:175, pl. 1:figs. 1–10, pl. 2: figs. 1–9; 1955:218, pls. 49, 50; 1983:209, pls. 49, 50.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:43, fig. 180.

Procambarus acantophorus.—Spitzy, 1976:443 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 90847(035) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Four kilometers (2.5 mi) east of Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, Mexico.

RANGE.—Atlantic drainage in southern Veracruz, Chiapas, and Oaxaca, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams and canals.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni (Ortmann)

FIGURE 226

Cambarus (Procambarus) atkinsoni Ortmann, 1913:414.

Procambarus atkinsoni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:346, figs. 40–50.

Procambarus Atkinsoni.—Creaser, 1962:7.

Cambarus atkinsoni.—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:323.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:44, fig. 183.

TYPES.—Lectoholotype, lectoallotype, and lectomorphotype, CM 74.924 (male I, female, male II); paralectotypes, CM 74.924, 74.925. Designated by Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:347, 349, 350.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributaries of Río de los Indios, Isla de Pinos, Cuba.

RANGE.—Isla de Pinos, Cuba.

HABITAT.—Streams (?).

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis (Erichson)

FIGURE 228

Astacus Cubensis Erichson, 1846:87.

Astacus (Cambarus) Cubensis Erichson, 1846:100.

Cambarus Cubensis.—Girard, 1852:87 [by implication].—Faxon, 1885a:51, pl. 2: fig. 1, pl. 8: figs. 5, 5′, 5a, 5a′.

Cambarus consobrinus Saussure, 1857a:101. [Syntypes, GM (uncatalogued, dry, 2 male), specimens formerly in MHNP no longer there, BMNH 1163 (2 female), USNM 20684 (male II). Type locality, ponds in the central part of Cuba.]

Cambarus cubensis.—Huxley, 1880a:305.

Cambarus (Cambarus) cubensis.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) cubensis.—Ortmann, 1905d:438.

Astacus Cubensis.—Vaidés Ragués, 1909:180.

Cambarus cubensis cubensis.—Faxon, 1912:458 [by implication].

Cambarus cubensis consobrinus.—Faxon, 1912:458.

Cambarellus cubensis.—Creaser, 1933b:21 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus cubensis cubensis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:319, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus cubensis consobrinus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus consobrinus.—Villalobos, 1954b:303.

Procambarus C. cubensis.—Straskraba, 1969:18.

Astacus cubensis.—Hobbs, 1972a: 1.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:44, fig. 185.

TYPES.—BMNH 4140.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cuba.

RANGE.—Scattered localities throughout Cuba except in the southwestern mountains.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis (Faxon)

FIGURE 227

Cambarus cubensis rivalis Faxon, 1912:459.

Procambarus cubensis rivalis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:335, figs. 14–24.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:44, fig. 184.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 7406 (2 male II, 3 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—San Diego de los Baños, Province of Pinar del Río, Cuba.

RANGE.—Known only from a few localities in the province of Pinar del Río, Cuba.

HABITAT.—Mountain streams.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi Villalobos

FIGURE 224

Procambarus llamasi Villalobos, 1954b:364, pls. 16, 17; 1955:214, pls. 51, 52; 1983:213, pls. 51, 52.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:44, fig. 181.—Valenzuela, 1986:1, figs. 1–18.

Procambarus llamesi.—Covich, 1976:5 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Santa Rita, 47 kilometers (29.5 mi) east of Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico.

RANGE.—Southern Veracruz to Yucatán, Mexico, and northern Guatemala.

HABITAT.—Small streams and drainage ditches.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mexicanus (Erichson)

FIGURE 214

Astacus (Cambarus) mexicanus Erichson, 1846:99.

Astacus Mexicanus.—Erichson, 1846:87.

Astacus mexicanus.—Dana, 1852:522.

Cambarus aztecus Saussure, 1857b:503, fig. 23. [Type locality: “Pris à Tomatlán, dans les Terres—Chaudes,” Veracruz, Mexico. Syntypes: GM, 13 dry specimens; USNM 20682 (male I, dry).].—Hobbs, 1987:206, fig. 2.

Cambarus Mexicanus.—Saussure, 1858:460.

Cambarus mexicanus.—Saussure, 1858:461.

Cambarus Aztecus.—Hagen, 1870:11.

Astacus Aztecus.—von Martens, 1872:131.

Cambarus (Cambarus) mexicanus.—Ortmann, 1905c: 101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) mexicanus.—Ortmann, 1905d:437.

Astacus Astecus.—Valdés Ragués, 1909:180 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus aztecus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus mexicanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1954b:307, pls. 1, 2; 1955:162, pls. 34, 35; 1983:156, pls. 34, 35.

Procambarus mexiacnus.—Villalobos, 1954b:304 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus Mexicanus.—Creaser, 1962:7.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mexicanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:45, fig. 173; 1987:200, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) aztecus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1972b [1976]:43, figs. 30e, 34c, 36b; 1974b:44, fig. 172; 1987:201.

TYPES.—Lost, formerly in ZBM. Neoholotype, ANSP 421 (male I); neoallotype and neoparatypes, IBM (Villalobos, 1954b:312).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mexico. Restricted by Villalobos (1954b:312) to “El Mirador de Zacuapan,” 8 kilometers (5 mi) northeast of Huatusco, Veracruz.

RANGE.—Veracruz, Mexico, south of the Cordillera Volcánica Transversal.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

REMARKS.—A review of what is known about this crayfish is reported by Hobbs (1987), but its range and limits of variation are still poorly understood.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mirandai Villalobos

FIGURE 219

Procambarus mirandai Villalobos, 1954b:355, pls. 13–15; 1955:210, pls. 46–48; 1983:200, pls. 46–48.

Procambarus mirandae.—Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:313 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mirandai.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:45, fig. 176; 1977b:198, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cerro Hueco, 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) southeast of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from only four localities in Chiapas.

HABITAT.—“Los ejemplares fueron colectados dentro de una gruta, que es la salida de un Río subteiráneo” (Villalobos, 1954b:361).

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveus Hobbs and Villalobos

FIGURE 229

Procambarus niveus Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:342, figs. 26–39.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:45, fig. 186.—Hobbs, Hobbs. and Daniel, 1977:114, fig. 51.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 109076, 109077 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Cuevas de Santo Tomás, Sierra de los Organos, cerca de Ponce, Pinar del Río, Cuba” (Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964:346).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae oaxacae Hobbs

FIGURE 216

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae oaxacae Hobbs, 1973b:29, figs. 3–5.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:116, fig. 52.—Reddell, 1981:111, fig. 16.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144341, 144342, and 144343 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, IBM, TTM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva del Guano, 10 kilometers (6.3 mi) northeast of Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae reddelli Hobbs

FIGURE 217

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae reddelli Hobbs, 1973b:33, figs. 6–8.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:118, fig. 53.—Reddell, 1981:112, fig. 16.

Procambarus oaxacae reddelli.—Hobbs, 1973c:73.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144346, 144347, 144348 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, IBM, TTM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva del Nacimiento del Río San Antonio, 10 kilometers (6.3 mi) south-southwest of Acatl´n, Oaxaca, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from five caves in Oaxaca and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 225

Cambarus (Procambarus) pilosimanus Ortmann, 1906a:6, fig. 2.

Cambarus pilosimanus.—Pearse, 1911:110.

Procambarus pilosimanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1955:231, pls. 53, 54; 1983:220, pls. 53, 54.

Procambarus pelosimanus.—Creaser, 1962:7 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:45, fig. 182.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MHNP (8 male, 6 female), CM 74.678 (2 specimens).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Coche, prés de la rivère de Coban [Province of Alta Verapaz], Guatemala” (Ortmann, 1906a:9). Probably Río Cahabón at Cob´n.

RANGE.—Guatemala, Belize, and Chiapas and Quintana Roo, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic, lotic(?), and subterranean habitats.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) primaevus (Packard)

Cambarus primaevus Packard, 1880:222; 1881a:832; 1881b:391.

Cambarus primoevus.—Villalobos, 1955:14 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) primaevus.—Feldmann et al., 1981:794, pls. 2, 3.

TYPES.—Neotype, AMNH 42675 (male).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Green River beds (Eocene) of western Wyoming in “the fish beds of the Bear River Valley, situated from 75 to 100 miles [120 to 160 km] a little west of north of Evanston, Wyo., and near the Utah line” (Packard, 1881b:391).

RANGE.—Known only from the Green River beds (Eocene) of Wyoming.

HABITAT.—Fossil lake.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriguezi Hobbs

FIGURE 215

Procambarus rodriguezi Hobbs, 1943b:203, pl. 2.

Paracambarus rodriguezi.—Rioja, 1953:293 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodiguezi.—Hobbs, 1972a:6 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriguezi.—Hobbs, 1974b:45, fig. 174.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:118, fig. 54.—Reddell, 1981:112, fig. 16.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81302 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MCZ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva de Ojo de Agua, west-northwest of Hacienda Potrero Viejo, Paraje Nuevo, Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

REMARKS.—Reddell (1981:112) noted that

the type-locality of this species has been stated to be “Cueva del Agua” and “Cueva del Ojo de Agua Grande,” but the brief description of the type-locality as given by Hobbs (1943[b]) does not fit Cueva del Ojo de Agua Grande. Furthermore, Cueva del Ojo de Agua Grande has no habitat suitable for crayfish. It contains only a single passage and this contains a rapid rock-floored stream. A single juvenile crayfish was seen trapped in a tiny drip pool in the latter cave where flood water apparently isolated it. It must be assumed that the type-locality has not been rediscovered.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni Pearse

FIGURE 220

Cambarus ruthveni Pearse, 1911:110, fig. 3.

Procambarus ruthveni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1954b: 1, fig. 1.

Procambarus ruthveni ruthveni.—Villalobos, 1954b:336, pls. 9, 10; 1955:191, pls. 42, 43; 1983:183, pls. 42, 43 [by implication].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni ruthveni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:46, fig. 177.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98348, 98349 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cuatotolapan, Cantón de Acayucan, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from only one additional locality: San Juan Díaz Covarrubias, 10 kilometers (6.3 mi) southwest of Cuatotolapan, Veracruz (Villalobos, 1954b:344).

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

REMARKS.—See “Remarks” under P. (A.) zapoapensis.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) sbordonii Hobbs

FIGURE 213

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) sbordonii Hobbs, 1977b:201, fig. 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 146588 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva del Nacimiento de Río S. Domingo, near the village of Bochil, Chiapas, Mexico, at an altitude of 1250 m.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae Villalobos

FIGURE 212

Procambarus vazquezae Villalobos, 1954b:328, pls. 7, 8; 1955:184, pls. 40, 41; 1983:176, pls. 40, 41.

Procambarus vasquezae.—Hobbs, 1966b:71 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae.—Hobbs, 1972a:6, figs. 2b, 5a–g; 1974b:46, fig. 171.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Playa Norte de la Laguna de Catemaco” (Villalobos, 1954b:355), Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Under rocks along the shore of Laguna de Catemaco.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus Villalobos

FIGURE 218

Procambarus veracruzanus Villalobos, 1954b:323, pls. 5, 6; 1955:178, pls. 38, 39; 1983:171, pls. 38, 39.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:46, fig. 175.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Presidio, 30 kilometers (18.8 mi) southeast of Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico. “Cuenca del Río Papa-loapan” (Villalobos, 1954b:328).

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of Córdoba, Veracruz.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni (Ortmann)

FIGURE 222

Cambarus (Procambarus) williamsoni Ortmann, 1905d:439, figs. 1–3.

Procambarus williamsoni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:46, fig. 179.

TYPES.—Syntypes, CM 74.560 (male I, female, male II), CM 74.561 (male I, female, male II).

TYPE LOCALITY.—LOS Amates, Province of Izabal, 6 to 8 kilometers (4 to 5 mi) south of Río Molagua, Guatemala. (Not “Malagua” as recorded by Ortmann, 1905d:440.)

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality and from Lago Yojoa, Honduras.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) zapoapensis Villalobos, new status

FIGURE 221

Procambarus ruthveni zapoapensis Villalobos, 1954b:347, pls. 11, 12; 1955:202, pls. 44, 45; 1983:192, pls. 44, 45.

Procambarus ruthveni zapaopensis Villalobos, 1955:203 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni zapoapensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:46, fig. 178.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Zapoapan de Cabaña, 11 kilometers (6.9 mi) southeast of Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Small, rocky streams.

REMARKS.—In the absence of evidence of intergradation between this crayfish and P. (A.) ruthveni, it is accorded specific rank herein.

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905b:401 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus Ortmann, 1905b:401 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part, by implication].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Subgenus Capillicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:6 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei Ortmann, 1905b:401. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 7.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) brazoriensis Albaugh

FIGURE 231

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) brazoriensis Albaugh, 1975:1, figs. 1, 2.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) brazorensis.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:203 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 133916, 133917, 133918 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, D.W. Albaugh.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Ditch along County Road 400, 0.1 mile (160 m) southeast of Missouri Pacific railroad and 0.25 mile (0.4 km) southwest of Brazos River at south edge of Brazoria, Brazoria County, Texas.

RANGE.—Brazoria County, Texas between the San Bernard River and Oyster Creek, extending inland from the Gulf of Mexico only about 20 miles (32 km).

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei (Ortmann)

FIGURE 230

Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei Ortmann, 1905b:401, fig. 1.

Cambarus heini.—Cary and Spaulding, 1909:11 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hinei.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus hinei.—Faxon, 1914:370.

Procambarus hinei.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Penn, 1953b:63, figs. 1–15.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei.—Hobbs, 1972a:6, figs. In, 2c, 6a–g; 1974b:46, fig. 187—Albaugh, 1973:102, figs. 1, 23–28.

Procambarus hineyi.—Huner, Meyers, and Avault, 1976:150 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, OSM 443.1 (male I), OSM 443.2 (female), OSM 444.1 (female), OSM 444.2 (female), USNM 98355 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—One-fourth mile (0.3 km) from Gulf Beach, near Cameron, Cameron Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Southern Louisiana and east of the Brazos River in southeastern Texas.

HABITAT.—Pools and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis Penn

FIGURE 232

Procambarus incilis Penn, 1962:222, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis.—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1974b:47, fig. 188.

Procambarus incillis.—Albaugh, 1975:7 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 106794, 106795, 106796 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—7.5 miles (12 km) east of Edna, Jackson County, Texas.

RANGE.—Southeastern Texas in Jackson, Matagorda, and Wharton counties.

HABITAT.—Roadside ditches.

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle

Cambarus.—Bundy, 1876:5 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication, in part].

Subgenus Girardiella Lyle, 1938:76 [Type species, by monotypy, Cambarus Hagenianus Faxon, 1884:141. Gender: feminine.].—Hobbs, 1972a:6; 1984, fig. 6.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:57. figs. 1–121.

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication, in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) barbiger Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 246

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus forestae Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus hagenianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1968b:37 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972b:47 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) sp. B.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, figs, 1b, 2b [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) barbiger Fitzpatrick, 1978b:69, figs. 37–52, 109–121.

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus forrestae.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:69 [erroneous spelling].

P[rocambarus] h[agenianus] forrestae.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:73 [erroneous spelling].

P[rocambarus] barbiger.—Stewart, 1986:15, unnumbered fig.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 146258, 146259 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Forest, Scott County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known only from the Jackson Prairie area, chiefly in Newton and Scott counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) cometes Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 244

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972b:47 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) sp. E.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, fig. 1e, 2e [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) cometes Fitzpatrick, 1978b:74, figs. 53–71, 109–121.

P[rocambarus] cometes.—Stewart, 1986:15.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 130227, 146260, 131280 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Field behind Luxury Mobile Homes (SW art Sec. 3, T. 18N, R. 14E), Starkville, Oktibbeha County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Lowndes and Oktibbeha counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) connus Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 243

Procambarus hagenianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1968b:37 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972b:47 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) sp. C.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, figs, 1c, 2c [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) connus Fitzpatrick, 1978b:76, figs. 72–90, 109–121.

Procambarus (Girardiella) connos.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:57 [erroneous spelling].

P[rocambarus] connus.—Stewart, 1986:15.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146261, 146262, 146263; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Carrollton, Carroll County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) curdi Reimer

FIGURE 235

Procambarus A.—Reimer and Clark, 1974:172, figs. 20–23.

Procambarus (Girardiella) curdi Reimer, 1975:22, figs. 1–9.—Hobbs and Robison, 1988:405, figs. 10, 16.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 144250, 144251 (male I, female); paratypes, Rollin D. Reimer.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Navasota River, northeast of Bryan on U.S. Highway 190, Brazos County, Texas.

RANGE.—Navasota and Trinity river watersheds in Texas, and the Red River basin in southwestern Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis (Bundy)

FIGURE 239

Cambarus gracilis Bundy, 1876:5.

Cambarus gracillis.—Bundy, 1882:182 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) gracilis.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) gracilis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Girardiella) gracilis.—Lyle, 1938:76 [by implication].

Procambarus gracilis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Williams, 1954:826, figs. 10–18.—Page, 1985b:370, figs. 98–102.—Pflieger, 1987a:22; 1987b:6.

Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis.—Hobbs, 1972a:7, fig. 1k; 1974b:47, fig. 193.—Hobbs III and Rewolinski, 1985:26, figs. 1.2.

TYPES.—Syntypes, INHS (no longer there), MCZ 3794 (male I, female), MCZ 3454 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Normal, McLean County, Illinois, (Restricted by Hobbs, 1974b:47).

RANGE.—Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, and perhaps Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

REMARKS.—As is true of most of the wide-ranging primary burrowers, it is possible, if not probable, that many of the reported localities (particularly those from which first form males are not known) are based on misidentifications.

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus (Faxon)

FIGURE 242

Cambarus advena.—Hagen, 1870:86–87 [in part: figs. 90–92, 164. The description is of hagenianus. The Georgia specimens mentioned are members of P. (H.) pygmaeus and P. (H.) advena.]

Cambarus Carolinus.—Hagen, 1870:31.

Cambarus carolinus.—Brocchi, 1875:27.

Cambarus Hagenianus Faxon, 1884:141.

Cambarus hagenianus.—Hay, 1902c:38.—Faxon, 1914:366, pl. 1, pl. 7: figs. 1a–c, 7.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hagenianus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hagenianus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus.—Lyle, 1938:76.

Procambarus hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7, figs. 2d, 7a–g; 1974b:47, fig. 192.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, figs. 1h, 2h [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:60, figs. 1–18, 109–121.

Procambarus hagenianus hagenianus.—Fitzpatrick, 1983b:198, fig. 193.

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 232 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Given as Charleston, South Carolina, but definitely based on mislabeled specimen.

RANGE.—Cited by Fitzpatrick (1978b:61) as “south and east of Tibbie Creek in the Tombigbee drainage of Lowndes, Noxubee and Oktibbeha counties, Mississippi, and Marengo, Pickens and Sumter counties Alabama….”

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus vesticeps Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 241

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus evansi Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus hagenianus.—Filzpatrick, 1968b:37 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972b:47 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) subsp. A.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, figs. 1a, 2a [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus vesticeps Fitzpatrick, 1977:372 [nomennudum]; 1978b:64, figs. 19–36, 109–121.

C[ambarus] h(agenianus] evansi.—Fitzpatrick, 1978b:69.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146265, 146266, 146267 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Egypt, Chickasaw County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Fitzpatrick (1978b:67) recorded the range as “north of Tibbie Creek in Tombigbee drainage of Chickasaw, Clay, Monroe and Pontotoc counties [Mississippi]” intergrading with the nominate subspecies in Monroe County.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) liberorum Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 240

Procambarus (Girardiella) liberorum Fitzpatrick, 1978c:533, figs. 1–14.—Hobbs and Robison, 1988:407, figs. 13, 15.

Procambarus liberorum.—Bouchard and Robison, 1981:28.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 148353, 148354 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Yard at 206 S.W. Seventh Street, Bentonville, Benton County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Known only from the Arkansas River basin from Benton and Washington to Pope and Yell counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) parasimulans Hobbs and Robison

FIGURE 237

Procambarus (Girardiella) parasimulans Hobbs and Robison, 1982:545, fig. 1; 1988:407, figs. 8, 16.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 177698, 177699, 177700 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Unnamed tributary to Prairie Bayou, 10.2 miles (16.3 km) east of Bismarck on State Route 84 (Sec. 35, T. 4S, R. 19W), Hot Spring County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Arkansas, Ouachita, and Red river basins in southwestern Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Girardiella) pogum Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 245

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus carri Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1968b:K25, fig. 19c.

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus.—Hobbs, 1972b:47 [in part].

Procambarus (Girardiella) sp. D.—Fitzpatrick, 1976a:385, figs. 1d, 2d [by implication].

Procambarus (Girardiella) pogum Fitzpatrick, 1978b:83, figs. 91–121.

Procambarus poqum.—Stewart, 1986:15 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146270, 146271, 146272 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Houston, Chickasaw County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known only from the Houlka-Tibbie Creek basin in Chickasaw County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Girardiella) regiomontanus Villalobos

FIGURE 238

Procambarus simulans regiomontanus Villalobos, 1954a:289, pls. 1, 2; 1955:47, pls. 9, 10; 1983:51, pls. 9, 10.—Campos, 1982:18, photographs 1–18.

Procambarus simulans regimontanus.—Hobbs, 1966b:70 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans regiomontanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:47, fig. 191.

Procambarus (Girardiella) regiomontanus.—Hobbs and Robison, 1988:398, fig. 6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Five kilometers (3.1 mi) north of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas provinces, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentie and lotic situations and burrows.

REMARKS.—This taxon was elevated by Hobbs and Robison (1988) to specific rank for, on the basis of present data, there is no evidence that it intergrades with P. (G.) simulans.

Procambarus (Girardiella) reimeri Hobbs

FIGURE 236

Procambarus (Girardiella) reimeri Hobbs, 1979:804, fig. 1.—Hobbs and Robison, 1988:409, figs. 11, 16.

Procambarus reimeri.—Bouchard and Robison, 1981:26.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 14880, 14881, 14882 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch about 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Mena on unnumbered road to Irons Fork River, Polk County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Known only from the Ouachita River basin in Polk county, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Burrows and temporary pools.

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans (Faxon)

FIGURE 234

Cambarus simulans Faxon, 1884:112; 1885a:48, pl. I: flgs. 2, pl. VIII: figs. 3, 3′, 3a, 3a′.

Cambarus similans.—Ortmann, 1892:12 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus gallinus Cockerell and Porter, 1900:434, fig. 1. [Syntypes, MCZ 7342 (3 male II), USNM 23915 (male II, 2 female), USNM 23916 (male I, female), USNM 129197 (2 male II, 2 female), ANSP 1455 (2 female), ANSP 1456 (male I). Type locality, Gallinas River at Las Vegas, New Mexico.]

Cambarus gallinas.—Harris, 1900:264 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus baumgartneri Harrs, 1901:115 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus (Cambarus) simulans.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) simulans.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus simulans.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Cambarus simulana.—Villalobos, 1953:368 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus simulans simulans.—Villalobos, 1954a:296.

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans simulans.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:47, fig. 190.

Procambarus stimulans.—Airaksinen, Calkama, and Lindqvist, 1978:354 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans simulans.—Hobbs, and Robison, 1988:409, figs. 9, 16.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3646 (male I, 4 female), MCZ 3647 (23 male II, 30female, 4juv. male, 5juv. female), USNM 4150 (male I, 3 male II, 5 juv. male), ZIAS 1/44975 (2 male, female). Three second form male syntypes (MCZ 7342) could not be located.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Dallas, Texas.

RANGE.—New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas(?), and Colorado.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrow (secondary burrower).

REMARKS.—The range of this crayfish is by no means clearly defined. Further study, particularly of first form males, throughout the recorded range is badly needed.

Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei Penn

FIGURE 233

Procambarus tulanei Penn, 1953a:163, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:48, fig, 189.—Hobbs and Robison, 1988:410, figs. 7, 15.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93655, 93656, 79928 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU, La. Polytechnic Inst.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Bayou D'Arbonne, 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Dubach on State Route 288, Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Drainage systems of Arkansas, Ouachita, and Red rivers in Louisiana and Arkansas, and the lower Arkansas River basin in Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs

Astacus—LeConte, 1856:402 [in part].

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:87 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Subgenus Hagenides Hobbs, 1972a:7 [Type species, by original designation, Astacus advena LeConte, 1856:402. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 8.

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena (LeConte)

FIGURE 247

Astacus advena LeConte, 1856:402.

Cambarus Carolinus—Hagen, 1870:31, 87–88 [latter in part], pl. 1: figs. 51–54, pl. 3: fig. 165.

Cambarus advena.—Hagen, 1870:87, pl. 3: fig. 164, pl. 7.—Faxon, 1884:140.

Cambarus (Cambarus) advena.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) advena.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication],

Procambarus advena.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena.—Hobbs, 1972a:7 [in part]; 1974b:48 [in part].fig. 194; 1981:311, figs. 17f, 118a, 119–121, 235.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3379 (female), ANSP 321 (female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Georgia inferiore.” Restricted to 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Riceboro, Liberty County, Georgia, by Hobbs, 1974b:48.

RANGE.—Lower coastal plain of Georgia, between Savannah and Altamaha rivers.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

REMARKS.—As pointed out by Faxon (1884:140), the descriptions of P. advena and C. carolinus were transposed in Hagen's monograph, and pl. 1: figs. 51–54 and pl 3: fig. 165 are actually of P. advena. (See Hobbs, 1981:311–312 for a detailed bibliography and explanation).

Procambarus (Hagenides) caritus Hobbs

FIGURE 249

Procambarus advena.—Hobbs, 1942b:77 [in part].

Procambarus (Hagenides) caritus Hobbs, 1981:319, figs. 118b, 122, 123.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117598, 133678, and 116952; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage area, 3.7 miles (5.9 km) west of Glenwood, Wheeler County, Georgia, on U.S. Highway 280.

RANGE.—Altamaha and Satilla watersheds in the coastal plain of Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes Hobbs

FIGURE 250

Cambarus advena geodytes Hobbs, 1937:154 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus geodytes Hobbs, 1942b:80, figs. 61–65, 276–285.

Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:48, figs. 195, 196b [latter labeled P. (H.) pygmaeus].

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus.—Hobbs, 1974b, fig. 196b.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81279 (male I, female); “morphotype,” USNM 81280 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, UF (now in USNM), FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Orange Springs in the northeastern part of Marion County, Florida (Sec. 2, T. 12S, R. 23E); found in burrows near the springs.

RANGE.—Along the St. Johns River and its tributaries from Putnam County south to Seminole County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods, seepage areas, and in vicinities of springs (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus Hobbs

FIGURE 251

Procambarus pygmaeus Hobbs, 1942b:83, figs. 66–70, 296–304.

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:48, fig. 196a, c–g [not b, which is P. (H.) geodytes]: 1981:324, figs. 17c, 102, 118c, 124, 237.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81285 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 15.7 miles (25.1 km) north of Fargo on State Route 89, Clinch County, Georgia.

RANGE.—From the Savannah River southward to Putnam County, Florida, and in the panhandle of the latter in Gulf, Liberty, Leon, and Wakulla counties.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campestris Hobbs

FIGURE 253

Procambarus rogersi campestris Hobbs, 1942b:90, figs. 81–85; 1945a:255, figs. 3, 4, 7, 16, 18, 21, 24.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campestris.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:49, fig. 198.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79384 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—About 12 miles (19.2 km) south of Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida (Sec. 16–17, T. 2S, R. 2W).

RANGE.—Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus Hobbs and Hart

FIGURE 254

Procambarus rogersi expletus Hobbs and Hart, 1959:179, figs. 27–39.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:49, fig. 199.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 102125, 102127, 102126 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage slope, 0.9 mile (1.4 km) north of Clarksville, Calhoun County, Florida, on State Route 73 (Sec. 25, T. IN, R. 10W).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis Hobbs

FIGURE 252

Procambarus rogersi ochlocknensis Hobbs, 1942b:89, figs. 76–80; 1945a:252, figs. 1, 10, 11, 13, 15, 19, 20, 26.

Procambarus rogersi ochlockensis.—Hobbs III, 1969:25 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:49, 197.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ocklocknensis.—Hobbs, 1974b, fig. 197 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79383 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—7.3 miles (11.7 km) west of Quincy, on U.S. Highway 90, Gadsden County, Florida (Sec. 1, T. 2N, R. 5W).

RANGE.—Ochlockonee River basin in Gadsden and Liberty counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 255

Cambarus rogersi Hobbs, 1938a:62, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus rogersi.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Procambarus rogersi rogersi.—Hobbs, 1942b:89, figs. 71–75.

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:49, fig. 200.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 75120, 75121, 75589 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Flatwoods, 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Blountstown on State Route 76 (71, old number), Calhoun County, Florida (Sec. 14, T. 1N, R. 9W).

RANGE.—Eastern Calhoun County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) talpoides Hobbs

FIGURE 248

Cambarus advena.—Hagen, 1870:87 [in part].

Procambarus advena.—Hobbs, 1942b:73–80 [in part], figs. 56–60.

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena.—Hobbs, 1972b:50, 150, 154 [in part]; 1974b:48 [in part].

Procambarus (Hagenides) talpoides Hobbs, 1981:329, figs. 17e, 118d, e, 120, 125–127, 238.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115002, 115018, and 133347; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Burrows along Hogtown Creek just southwest of the junction of 13th (U.S. Highway 441) and Boundary streets in Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida.

RANGE.—Coastal plain from the Satilla River system westward to Tift County, Georgia, and southward to Thomas County, Georgia, and Alachua and Putnam counties, Florida; also present on Cumberland Island, Camden County, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus Hobbs

FIGURE 256

Procambarus truculentus Hobbs, 1954a:111, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus Truculentus.—Hobbs, 1954a:111.

Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus.—Hobbs, 1972a:7; 1974b:49, fig. 201; 1981:337, figs. 17b, 118f, 120, 128, 129, 239.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95670, 95671, 95672 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seepage area 11 miles (17.6 km) north of Lyons on U.S. Highway 1, Emanuel County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Upper Coastal Plain between the Oconee and Ogeechee rivers in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Burrows in flatwoods and seepage areas (primary burrower).

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs

Astacus.—LeConte, 1856:401 [in part].

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:16 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Genus Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.

Subgenus Ortmanmanicus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part, erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Leconticambarus Hobbs, 1972a:7 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 6.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni (Faxon)

FIGURE 257

Cambarus Alleni Faxon, 1884:110; 1885a:35, pl. 1:fig. 1.pl. 8: figs. 2, 2′.

Cambarus alleni.—Faxon, 1890:619.

Cambarus (Cambarus) alleni.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) alleni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus alleni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:69, figs. 51–55.

Procambarus allenti.—Bovbjerg, 1956:612 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus allenii.—Gifford, 1962:209.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:49, fig. 202.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3531 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—St. Johns River, Hawkinsville, 1 mile (1.6 km) upstream from bridge at Crow's Bluff, between Eustis and Deland), Lake County, Florida.

RANGE.—East of St. Johns River and all of peninsular Florida in and south of Levy and Marion counties; also present on some of the Keys.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae Hobbs

FIGURE 261

Procambarus apalachicolae Hobbs, 1942b:55, figs. 26–30, 256–265.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:50, fig. 206.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81272 (male I, female); “morphotype,” USNM 81273 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 11.1 miles (17.8 km) west of Beacon Hill on U.S. Highway 98, Bay County, Florida (Sec. 27, T. 5S, R. 13W).

RANGE.—Coastal flatwoods in Bay and Gulf counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus (Faxon)

FIGURE 259

Astacus penicillatus LeConte, 1856:401 [not Astacus penicillatus Olivier, 1791].

Cambarus penicillatus.—Hagen, 1870:16, 53, figs. 93, 94, 149 [not 95 and 96, which are P. (O.) ancylus].

Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621 [substitute name; in part].

Cambarus (Cambarus) barbatus.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) barbatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus barbatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:340; 1942b:39, figs. 1–5.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:8, figs. 1m, 2f, 9a–g; 1974b:50, fig. 204; 1981:342, figs. 18b, 130a, b, 131, 132, 240.

TYPE.—MCZ 279 (male I), designated neotype of A. penicillatus LeConte by Hobbs, 1974b:50. Specimens from Flomaton, Alabama, cited by Faxon (1890) and listed as paratypes by him (1914:414) are paratypes of Procambarus (L.) escambiensis Hobbs.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Habitat in fossis Georgiae inferioris” (LeConte, 1856:401). Restricted by Hobbs (1974b:50) to 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Riceboro, Liberty County, Georgia, in pine flatwoods.

RANGE.—In the coastal plain from the Altamaha River in Georgia to the Edisto River in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

REMARKS.—The type of LeConte's Astacus penicillatus is no longer extant. Inasmuch as Hagen (1870) and Faxon (1884, 1885a, 1890, and 1914) confused other species with it, and, in the latter work, Faxon included members of two species in his type series of C. barbatus (= A. penicillatus), his “Type” was designated the neotype of LeConte's A. penicillatus to establish the identity of the latter's species.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus Hobbs

FIGURE 267

Procambarus capillatus Hobbs, 1971b:83, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:50, fig. 211.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131454, 131455, 131456 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Drainage ditch adjacent to Burnt Corn Creek (Escambia River drainage) on State Route 41 northwest of Brewton, Escambia County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Escambia River basin in Conecuh, Escambia, and Monroe counties, Alabama, and Escambia County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae Hobbs

FIGURE 262

Procambarus econfinae Hobbs, 1942b:49, figs. 16–20, 236–245.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:50, fig. 207.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81276 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, BMNH, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Flatwoods in the northern part of Panama City, Bay County, Florida, between railroad and U.S. Highway 231 (Sec. 33, T. 3S, R. 14W).

RANGE.—Environs of Panama City, Bay County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Flatwoods, in ditches and temporary ponds (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis Hobbs

FIGURE 263

Cambarus barbatus Faxon, 1890:621 [in part].—Faxon, 1914:414 [in part].

Procambarus escambiensis Hobbs, 1942b:46, figs. 11–15, 226–235.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:51, fig. 208.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 81278 (male I, female), and “morphotype,” USNM 81277 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—About 100 yards (90 m) east of Perdido River on U.S. Highway 90, Escambia County, Florida (Sec. 10, T. 1S, R. 32W).

RANGE.—Known from the type locality and from Flomaton, Escambia County, Alabama. Reported from the latter as Cambarus barbatus by Faxon (1890); specimens listed as paratypes of that species by him (1914), designated paratypes of P. (L.) escambiensis by Hobbs (1942:48).

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water in flatwoods and floodplains (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) hubbelli (Hobbs)

FIGURE 269

Cambarus hubbelli Hobbs, 1938b:90 [nomen nudum; validated by Hobbs, 1940a:406, fig. 19].

Procambarus hubbelli.—Hobbs, 1942a:342; 1942b:67, figs. 46–50.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) hubbelli.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:51, fig. 213.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 76593 (male I, female); “morphotype,” USNM 79351 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, Chas. Mus.

TYPE LOCALITY.—One mile (1.6 km) east of Bonifay on U.S. Highway 90, Holmes County, Florida (Sec. 5, T. 3N, R. 14W).

RANGE.—Choctawhatchee and Yellow river drainages in Alabama and Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 268

Cambarus kilbyi Hobbs, 1940a:410, fig. 20.

Procambarus kilbyi.—Hobbs, 1942a:343; 1942b:64, figs. 41–45.—Caine, 1974:10, figs. 1d, 4d, 5a.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:51, fig. 212.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76594 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Seven miles (11.2 km) northwest of Blountstown on State Route 71 (6, old number), Calhoun County, Florida (Sec. 3, T. 1N, R. 9W).

RANGE.—Coastal flatwoods from Calhoun and Gulf counties east and south to Levy County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum Hobbs

FIGURE 260

Procambarus latipleurum Hobbs, 1942b:52, figs. 21–25, 246–255.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:51, fig. 205.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81281 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, UF (now in USNM), FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—5.8 miles (9.3 km) west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22 (52, old number), Gulf County, Florida (Sec. 18, T. 4S, R. 10W).

RANGE.—Gulf County, Florida, north of the Wetappo Canal.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri Hobbs

FIGURE 258

Procambarus milleri Hobbs, 1971c:115, figs. 1–11, 16.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:51, fig. 203.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:121, fig. 5.

TYPES.—Holotype and morphotype, USNM 131257, 131258 (male I, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Well at Little Bird Nursery and Garden Store at 8427 Bird Road, Miami, Dade County, Florida (Sec. 15, T. 54S, R. 40E).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae deficiens Hobbs

FIGURE 265

Procambarus pubischelae Hobbs, 1942b:43 [in part].

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae.—Hobbs, 1974b:82 [in part].

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae deficiens Hobbs, 1981:356, figs. 18d, 132, 135, 241.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 133315, 133316, 133317 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Baxley, Appling County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Coastal plain of Georgia between the Ocmulgee-Altamaha and Satilla rivers (one locality situated immediately north of the Altamaha River in Montgomery County); intergrading with the nominate subspecies in the extreme upper and lower Satilla and in the upper Suwannee basins.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae pubischelae Hobbs

FIGURE 264

Procambarus pubischelae Hobbs, 1942b:41, figs. 6–10, 216–225 [in part].

Procambarus pubischaelae.—Villalobos, 1955:38 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8 [in part]; 1974b:52 [in part], fig. 209.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae pubischelae.—Hobbs, 1981:350, figs. 18c, 130c, d, 132–134, 242.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81284 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cypress ponds and roadside ditch 9.4 miles (15 km) north of Lake City on U.S. Highway 441, Columbia County, Florida (Sec. 17, T. 2S, R. 17E).

RANGE.—From the Satilla River in Georgia south to Alachua and Flagler counties, Florida; intergrading with Procambarus (L.) pubischelae deficiens in the extreme upper and lower Satilla and in the upper Suwannee basins.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae (Hobbs)

FIGURE 266

Cambarus rathbunae Hobbs, 1940a:414, fig. 21.

Procambarus rathbunae.—Hobbs, 1942a:344; 1942c:59, figs. 31–35.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:52, fig. 210.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76595 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Near the Yellow River at Milligan, Okaloosa County, Florida, at the intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and State Route 4 (Sec. 22, T. 3N, R. 24W).

RANGE.—Okaloosa and Holmes counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Temporary bodies of water and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani Hobbs

FIGURE 270

Procambarus shermani Hobbs, 1942b:61, figs. 36–40, 266–275.

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani.—Hobbs, 1972a:8; 1974b:52, 214.

TYPES.—Holotype and “morphotype,” USNM 81287 (male I, male II); allotype, USNM 81288 (female); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—About 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Jay, Santa Rosa County, Florida, in the Escambia River swamp along McCaskill's Mill Creek (Sec. 28, 31, T. 5N, R. 30W).

RANGE.—From the Escambia River drainage in Florida westward to the Pearl River basin in Mississippi and Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams, sloughs, and burrows.

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs

Cambarus.—Lönnberg, 1894:125 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Subgenus Lonnbergius Hobbs, 1972a:8 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus acherontis Lönnberg, 1894:125. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 7.

Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis (Lönnberg)

FIGURE 271

Cambarus acherontis Lönnberg, 1894:125; 1895:6, figs. 1–5b.—Hobbs, 1940a:390, fig. 15a–k.

Cambarus archerontis.—Hay, 1902b:437 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) acherontis.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) acherontis.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus acherontis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:91, figs. 86–90.

Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis.—Hobbs, 1972a:8, figs. 2g, 10a–g; 1974b:52, fig. 215.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:122, fig. 56.—Franz and Lee, 1982:58.

TYPE.—Holotype, ZIAS 1/4412 (1 specimen).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Subterranean rivulet about 42 feet (12.6 m) from surface, near Lake Brantley, Seminole County, Florida (probably Sec. 3, T. 21S, R. 29E); these co-ordinates were furnished by R. Franz who searched the tax records of the property of Mr. A.E. Sjoblom on which the well mentioned by Lönnberg was situated).

RANGE.—Known from only one locality in Orange County, Florida, and three in Seminole County, Florida (see Franz and Lee, 1982).

HABITAT.—Springs and underground streams.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1940a:393), endeavoring to clarify the confusion engendered by Faxon as to the identity of the species (see P. (O.) lucifugus lucifugus) and believing that both of Lönnberg's types were lost, designated neotypes from the Palm Springs locality. Dr. Y. Starobogatov kindly has informed me that one of Lönnberg's specimens is still extant (see above); thus, the neotype designation should be rejected.

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1909:159.

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1909:159.

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part, by implication].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part, by implication].

Subgenus Mexicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:8 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri Ortmann, 1909:159. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 8.

Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri (Ortmann)

FIGURE 272

Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri Ortmann, 1909:159, figs. 1, 2.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) bouvieri.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus bouvieri.—Van Straelen, 1942:5.

Procambarus bouvieri.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1946:224, pl. 2: figs. 1–12; 1955:61, pl. 12; 1983:66, pl. 12.

Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri.—Hobbs, 1972a:9, figs. 2h, 11a–g; 1974b:53, fig. 216.

Procambarus bouvieri.—Barrera-Mera, 1973:242 [lapsus].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MHNP (2 male I, female), CM 74.864 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico.

RANGE.—Several localities in the vicinity of Uruapan, Micán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—There are two lots of this crayfish in the Smithsonian collection which appear to me to bear erroneous data: one from Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, and the other from Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.

Subgenus Ortmanicus, Fowler

Astacus.—Harlan, 1830:464.

Subgenus Cambarus Erichson, 1846:95 [in part].—Ortmann, 1905c:97 [in part].

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:91 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus Fowler, 1912:341 [in part. Type species, by original designation, Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464. Gender: masculine. Ortmannicus is a replacement name for Ortmann's subgenus Cambarus.].—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1984: fig. 3.

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:341 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmanmanicus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part; erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Ortmanicus.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:58 [erroneous spelling].

Procambasrus.—Huner, 1977:10 [erroneous spelling].

Procambaris.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus (Girard)

FIGURE 308

Cambarus acutissimus Girard, 1852:91.

Cambarus acutus.—Most authors prior to 1942 [in part].

Procambarus blandingii acutus.—Most authors from 1942 to 1955 [in part].

Procambarus acutissimus.—Hobbs, 1955a:98; 1962a:286, fig. 51.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:53, fig. 246; 1981:366, figs. 15c, 136b, 138a, 139–142, 243.

Procambarus acutissumus.—Hart and Hart, 1974:31 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—ANSP 309 (2 male II). These specimens could not be located in 1980 or 1985.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Affluent (= tributary to Tombigbee River) of Mobile River, Kemper County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Tombigbee River basin in Mississippi eastward to the middle Chattahoochee River basin in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams, ponds, and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus (Girard)

FIGURE 301

Cambarus acutus Girard, 1852:91.

Astacus Blandingii—LeConte, 1856:400 [in part].

Cambarus acutus var. A.—Hagen, 1870:36.

Cambarus acutus var. B.—Hagen, 1870:36.

Cambarus blandingii.—Many authors from 1870 to 1962 [in part].

Cambarus stygius Bundy, 1876:3. [Type not extant. Type locality, Lake Michigan at Racine, Racine County, Wisconsin].

Cambarus Blandingii, var. acuta.—Faxon, 1884:113; 1885a:20, pl. 7: figs. 2, 2′, 2″, 2a, 2a′.

Cambarus Stygius.—Underwood, 1886:373.

Cambarus blandingii acutus.—Faxon, 1890:619.

Cambarus blandingii blandingii.—Many authors from 1890 to 1962 [in part].

Cambarus blandingii var. acuta.—Hay, 1891:147.

Camborus blandingii acutus.—Williamson, 1899:47 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus blandingi acutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:105.

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi acutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:126 [by implication].—Fleming, 1938:301.

Cambarus blandingiacutus.—Harmon, 1910, fig. 2 [lapsus].

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii acutus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingii acutus.—Fleming, 1938:301.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evictus Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus blandingii acutus.—Hobbs, 1942a:343 [by implication].

Procambarus blandingii blandingii.—Many authors from 1942 to 1962 [in part].—Villalobos, 1959:326 [in part].

Ortmannicus blandingi acutus.—Rhoades, 1942:1.

Cambarus blandingi acutis.—Roberts, 1944:364 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus acutus acutus.—Hobbs, 1967a:130; 1968b:K-8, figs. 210, 23d.

Procambarus acutus.—Walls and Black, 1967:60.—Pflieger, 1987a:30; 1987b: 14.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:53, fig. 240; 1981:372, figs. 15b, 136a, 138b, 140, 143–145, 244.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) actus actus.—Payne and Riley, 1974:127 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus actus.—Comeaux, 1976:614 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) acutus acutus.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:58 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus acutus acutus.—Huner, 1977:10 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus acutus acustus.—Chea, Avault, and Graves, 1979:349 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Lost in Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:413).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Affluent (= tributary to Tombigbee River) of Mobile River in Kemper County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Coastal plain and piedmont from Maine to Georgia, from Florida panhandle to Texas, and from Minnesota to Ohio; intergrading with P. (O.) a. cuevachicae in southwestern Texas and northern Mexico.

HABITAT.—Sluggish to moderately flowing streams and most lentic situations.

REMARKS.—With little doubt, the populations currently assigned to this subspecies constitute a species complex.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae (Hobbs)

FIGURE 302

Cambarus blandingii cuevachicae Hobbs, 1941a:1, fig. 1.

Procambarus blandingii cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.—Villalobos, 1955:70, pls. 13, 14; 1983:72, pls. 13, 14.

Procambarus acutus cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1966b:70.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:53, fig. 241.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 80030 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, PM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—La Cueva Chica, a limestone cave about 1.6 kilometers (1.0 mile) northeast of Pujal, San Luis Potosf, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from the states of Hidalgo, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Subterranean and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus Hobbs

FIGURE 293

Cambarus penicillatus.—Hagen, 1870:54 [in part], figs. 95, 96.

Procambarus ancylus Hobbs, 1958a:164, figs. 13–24.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:54, fig. 233.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 115050 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Summerville, Dorchester County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—In the coastal plain from the Cape Fear River basin in North Carolina southward to the Edisto and Ashepoo basins in Colleton County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus (LeConte)

FIGURE 282

Astacus angustatus LeConte, 1856:401.

Cambarus angustatus.—Hagen, 1870:50, figs. 65–67, 146.

Cambarus (Cambarus) angustatus.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus angustatus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:54, fig. 226; 1981:384, figs. 13c, 148, 149, 245.

TYPE.—Holotype, ANSP 444 (male I); could not be located in 1981.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Georgia inferiore, in aquae purae rivulos qui inter colliculos arenosos (sand-hills) currunt” (LeConte, 1856:402).

RANGE.—Known from the type specimen only. Repeated searches for this species in Georgia have been unsuccessful.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) bivittatus Hobbs

FIGURE 319

Procambarus bivittatus Hobbs, 1942b:96, figs. 96–100, 305–314.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) bivittatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:54, fig. 255.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 81274 (male I); allotype and “morphotype,” USNM 81275 (female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Sloughs along Escambia River on State Route 4 (old number 62), Escambia County, Florida (Sec. 9, T. 6N, R. 30W).

RANGE.—From the Escambia River drainage in Escambia and Santa Rosa counties, Florida, to the Pearl River drainage in Pearl River County, Mississippi, and St. Tammany and Washington parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams and sloughs.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii (Harlan)

FIGURE 300

Astacus Blandingii Harlan, 1830:464.

Astacus blandingii.—DeKay, 1844:23.

Astacus (Cambarus) Blandingii.—Erichson, 1846:98.

Cambarus Blandingii.—Girard, 1852:91.

Cambarus Blandingii var. Blandingii.—Faxon, 1884:136 [by implication].

Cambarus blandingii blandingii.—Faxon 1890:619 [by implication].

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus blandingi-typicus.—Ortmann, 1905c:105.

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi blandingi.—Ortmann, 1905c:126 [by implication].

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii.—Fowler, 1912:341.

Procambarus blandingii blandingii.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus blandingii.—Hobbs, 1967a: 130.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii.—Hobbs, 1972a:9, figs. 2i, 12a–g; 1974b:54, fig. 239.

Procambarus a. blandingii.—Page, 1985b:376 [lapsus calami].

TYPE.—Holotype, ANSP 4177 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Camden, Kershaw County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—In the coastal plain from the Pee Dee River system in South Carolina and southern North Carolina southward to the Santee River basin in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi Villalobos

FIGURE 321

Procambarus caballeroi Villalobos, 1944b:175, pls. 1, 2; 1955:87, pls. 15, 16; 1959:314, figs. 47–50; 1983:86, pls. 15, 16.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:54, fig. 257.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 50040(004) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Riachuelos del Sur de Villa Juárez,” Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) chacei Hobbs

FIGURE 275

Procambarus chacei Hobbs. 1958b:5, pl. 2: figs. 14–26.

Procambarus sp. A.—Hobbs, 1958c:72, 76, 77, 79, 83–86, 90.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) chacei.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:55, fig. 219.

?Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum.—Hobbs, 1981:388 [in part].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101289, 101290, 101291 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, IBM, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cedar Creek, 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Lykes, Richland County, South Carolina, on U.S. Highway 76.

RANGE.—“From the Wateree River in South Carolina south to the Canoochee River in Georgia” (Hobbs, 1974b:55). The range is in need of further investigation; see “Remarks” below.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Procambarus (O.) chacei was synonymized with P. (O.) enoplosternum Hobbs by Hobbs (1981:388); the reasons cited were presented on page 398. On the basis of additional materials from South Carolina, there is reason to question this action; therefore, P. (O.) chacei is retained herein tentatively.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) delicatus Hobbs and Franz

FIGURE 291

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) delicatus Hobbs and Franz, 1986:509, figs. l–3d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 218528, 144848 (male II, female); paratype, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Alexander Springs, about 5.5 miles (9 km) south of Astor Park, Lake County, Florida (Levy Grant 39, T. 16S, R. 27E; 19°04′50″N, 29°04′30″W).

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters and spring.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum Hobbs

FIGURE 274

Procambarus enoplosternum Hobbs, 1947a:5, figs. 2, 5, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, 23–25, 32.

?Procambarus sp. A.—Hobbs, 1958c:72, 76, 77, 79, 83–86, 90.

Procambarus enoplosterum.—Hobbs III, 1969:42 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum.—Hobbs, 1972a:9, 1974b:55, fig. 218; 1981:388, figs.13e, 137b–d, 138c, 150–154, 246.

Procambaris enoplosternum.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82263 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rocky Creek, 6 miles (9.6 km) south of Lyons on U.S. Highway 1, Toombs County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Lower Oconee and Ohoopee drainages in Georgia eastward to the Santee River basin in Richland County, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus Hobbs

FIGURE 276

Procambarus epicyrtus Hobbs, 1958b:l, pl. 1: figs. 1–13.

Procambarus sp. C.—Hobbs, 1958c:72, fig. 17.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:55, fig. 220; 1981:398, figs. 13f, 137a, 138d, 155–157, 247.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101286, 101287, 101288 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, IBM, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—South Ogeechee Creek, 6.8 miles (10.9 km) south of Sylvania on U.S. Highway 301 (not 306 as cited in Hobbs, 1974b:55), Screven County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Ogeechee and lower Savannah rivers in southeastern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) erythrops Relyea and Sutton

FIGURE 286

Procambarus (Ortmannicus,) erythrops Relyea and Sutton, 1975b:8, figs. 1, 2.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:124, fig. 57.—Franz and Lee, 1982:59, figs. 2, 6.

Procambarus erythrops.—Relyea and Sutton, 1975b:13.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 133471, 133472, 133473 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, RNHL, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Sim's Sink, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the junction of U.S. Highway 27 and 129, and 0.1 mile (160 m) south of Highway 27, Suwannee County, Florida (Sec. 24, T. 6S, R. 14E).

RANGE.—Known from only four localities, all situated north of the Santa Fe River, east of the Suwannee River, and west of Ichetucknee Springs, Suwannee County, Florida: the type locality and three other sinks.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni (Faxon)

FIGURE 297

Cambarus evermanni Faxon, 1890:620.

Cambarus (Cambarus) evermanni.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus evermanni.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:107, figs. 111–115.

Procambarus evermani.—Hobbs III, 1969:37 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:55, fig. 237.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 3834 (male I).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Escambia River at Flomaton, Escambia County, Alabama.

RANGE.—In addition to the type locality, known from the Yellow River basin in Santa Rosa County, Florida, to the Pearl River basin in Jackson County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams. Specimen from Mississippi dug from simple burrows in drying creek bed.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax (Hagen)

FIGURE 295

Cambarus fallax Hagen, 1870:45, figs. 103–105.

Cambarus Fallax.—Hagen, 1870:45.

Cambarus (Cambarus) fallax.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus fallax.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:111, figs. 116–120.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:55, fig. 235; 1981:416, fig. 14e, 136e, 138e, 156, 164, 248.

Procambaris fallax.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3526 (male I, male II); USNM 63294 (male II, female), formerly in the Boston Society of Natural History.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Florida. Restricted by Hobbs (1974b:55) to St. Johns River at Welaka, Putnam County, Florida.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Satilla River, Georgia, southward through peninsular Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) franzi Hobbs and Lee

FIGURE 287

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) franzi Hobbs and Lee, 1976:384, fig. 1.—Franz and Lee. 1982:59, figs. 2, 6.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 146992, 146993, 146994; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Orange Lake Cave, 0.4 mile (0.6 km) south of junction of U.S. Highway 441 and State Route 318 off Highway 411 (Sec. 33/34, T. 12S, R. 21E), Marion County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality and Hell Hole (Sec. 6, T. 12S, R. 21E), also in Marion County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) geminus Hobbs

FIGURE 305

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) geminus Hobbs, 1975:1, fig. 1.

Procambarus geminus.—Bouchard and Robison, 1981:26.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 145756, 145757, 145758 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, USNM, H.W. Robison.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Roadside pool (perhaps a streambed, but no flow was detected), 1.7 miles [2.7 km] south of Taylor, Columbia County, Arkansas, on State Route 132” (Hobbs, 1975:4–5).

RANGE.—Red River Basin in Columbia, Lafayette, and Miller counties, Arkansas, and Webster and Sabine parishes, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus Villalobos

FIGURE 324

Procambarus gonopodocristatus Villalobos, 1958:279, pls. 1–3; 1959:314, figs. 38–45.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:56, fig. 260.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, AMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Paso Largo, 16 kilometers (10 mi) northeast of Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Only one other locality known: “María de la Torre, km. 406 de la carretera Martínez de la Torre, Nautla,” Veracruz, Mexico (Villalobos, 1958:287).

HABITAT.—Lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi (Faxon)

FIGURE 306

Cambarus Hayi Faxon, 1884:108.

Cambarus hayi—Hay, 1899b:959.

Cambarus (Cambarus) hayi.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus hayi.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:56, fig. 244.

Procambarus layi—Hazlett, 1983:187 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3533 (male I, 2 male II, female, juv. male), USNM 19751 (male II), USNM 19752 (male II, female), USNM 21850 (2 male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Macon, Noxubee County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Tombigbee and Tallahatchie river basins in Alabama and Mississippi, and the Hatchie drainage in Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus Hobbs

FIGURE 280

Procambarus hirsutus Hobbs, 1958a: 160, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus sp. B.—Hobbs, 1958c:72, 76, 77, 79, 84, 86, 90.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:56, fig. 224; Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:35, figs. 15, 22.

Procambararus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:12 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) hirsutus.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:59 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 101148, 101150, 1001149 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, Chas. Mus., USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Salkehatchie River, 1.9 miles (3 km) south of Barnwell, Barnwell County, South Carolina, on State Route 3.

RANGE.—Santee, Edisto, Salkehatchie, and Savannah drainage systems in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) horsti Hobbs and Means

FIGURE 289

Procambarus horsti Hobbs and Means, 1972:401. fig. 2—Hobbs, 1974b:56, fig. 230.—Caine, 1974:11, figs. 2a. 4e, 5b.—Franz and Lee, 1982:61, fig. 4.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) horsti—Holt. 1973:246.—Hobbs, 1974b:56, fig. 230.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel. 1977:126, fig. 58.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132043, 132044, 132045 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Big Blue Springs (tributary to the Wacissa River); 2.2 miles (3.5 km) south of the crossroads in the town of Wacissa, Jefferson County, Florida (SE 1/4, NW 1/4, Sec. 12, T. 2S, R. 3E).

RANGE.—In addition to the type locality, known from Shepard Spring, St. Marks Wildlife Refuge, Wakulla County, and from one locality in Leon County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 311

Procambarus hybus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:39, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:56, fig. 249.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99581, 99582, 99583 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 1.7 miles (2.7 km) north of Boligee, Greene County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Lower Alabama and Tombigbee drainages in Alabama and Mississippi, and in the Yalobusha River basin in Calhoun and Lee counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) jaculus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 310

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) cookae Lyle, 1938:76 [nomen nudum].

Procambarus jaculus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:48, figs. 24–34.—Walls and Black, 1967:60.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) Jaculus.—Hobbs. 1972a:10; 1974b:56, fig. 248.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99584, 99585, 99586 (male I, female, male II); paratype, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Scott—Rankin county line on U.S. Highway 80, Rankin County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Black and Pearl river basins in Attala, Carroll, Hinds, Montgomery, Rankin, and Scott counties, Mississippi, and Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Temporary lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei (Hagen)

FIGURE 304

Cambarus LeContei Hagen, 1870:47, figs. 15–18, 145.

Cambarus Lecontei—Faxon, 1884:110.

Cambarus lecontei.—Hay, 1899b:959.

Cambarus (Cambarus) lecontei.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus lecontei.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1952a:210, fig. 81.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:57, fig. 243.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 217 (male 1, 7 female, 2 male II), USNM 4958 (male I), AMS (lost), MHNP (male I, female), Würzburg Mus., ZIAS 1/44966 (2 specimens).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Mobile County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Pascagoula and Mobile river basins in Mobile and Washington counties, Alabama, and George, Jackson, and Stone counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leitheuseri Franz and Hobbs

FIGURE 283

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leitheuseri Franz and Hobbs, 1983:323, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 178361, 178362, 178585 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, FSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Eagle's Nest” (= Lost Sink or Eagle Hole), 4.0 miles (5.4 km) northwest of the junction of U.S. Highway 19 and State Road 50 (NE 1/4, NE 1/4, SW 1/4, Sec. 21, T. 22S, R. 17E), Hernando County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from only six localities in Hernando and Pasco counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis Hobbs

FIGURE 296

Procambarus leonensis Hobbs, 1942b:114, figs. 121–125; 1943a:49, figs. 1, 6, 7, 10, 12–14, 16, 17, 22, 26, 29, 31.—Caine, 1974:9, figs, 1c, 4c, 5a.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:57, fig. 236.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81091 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, ANSP.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Sinkhole pond, 3 miles (4.8 km) southwest of Tallahassee on State Route 20, Leon County, Florida (now beneath runway at airport).

RANGE.—Between the Apalachicola and Suwannee rivers, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus Hobbs

FIGURE 278

Procambarus lepidodactylus Hobbs, 1947b:25, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:57, fig. 222.

TYPES.—Holotype, and allotype, USNM 84198 (male I, female); morphotype, USNM 84199 (male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Juniper Creek, 1 mile (1.6 km) southwest of Patrick on U.S. Highway 1, Chesterfield County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Santee and Pee Dee drainage systems in eastern South Carolina and Columbus County, North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 318

Procambarus lewisi Hobbs and Walton, 1959:39, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:57, fig. 254.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 102467, 102468, 102469 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 18.8 miles (30 km) east of Montgomery on U.S. Highway 80, Macon County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Barbour, Bulloch, Lowndes, Macon, Montgomery, and Russell counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and roadside ditches.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum Hobbs

FIGURE 277

Procambarus litosternum Hobbs, 1947a:9, figs. 3, 4, 9, 11, 13 [not 15], 16, 19, 21, 26, 29, 30.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:57, fig. 221; 1981:403, figs. 13d, 137e, 138g, 158–160, 250.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 82261 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Stream, 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Swainsboro on U.S. Highway 25, Emanuel County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Canoochee, Ogeechee, Newport, and Savannah river basins in southeastern Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 307

Procambarus lophotus Hobbs and Walton, 1960:123, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:58, fig. 245; 1981:379, figs. 2, 15d, 136c, 138h, 146, 147, 251.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 104404, 104405, 104406 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 3.4 miles (5.4 km) northeast of Haynesville on State Route 111, Lowndes County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Alabama drainage system from Clarke County, Alabama, to Chattooga and Whitfield counties, Georgia, and the Tennessee river basin in Walker and Catoosa counties, Georgia, and Polk County, Tennessee.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua (Hobbs)

FIGURE 284

Cambarus lucifugus alachua Hobbs, 1940a:402, fig. 18a–1.

Procambarus lucifugus alachua.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.—Franz and Lee, 1982:60, figs. 1, 6.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:58, fig. 227.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:130, figs. 4, 60.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76592 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small cave, Hog Sink, about 10 miles (16 km) west of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 24, T. 10S, R. 18E).

RANGE.—Southwestern Alachua, western Gilchrist, and northern and eastern Levy counties, Florida; intergrading with P. (O.) lucifugus lucifugus in Marion County.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 285

Cambarus acherontis.—Faxon, 1898:645, pl. 62: figs. 1–5.

Cambarus lucifugus lucifugus Hobbs, 1940a:398, figs. 17, 18m, n.

Procambarus lucifugus lucifugus.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.—Franz and Lee, 1982:60, figs. 1, 6.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:128, fig. 59.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 77916, 77917, 77918 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC, OSM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Gum Cave, about 7 miles (11.2 km) southwest of Floral City, Citrus County, Florida (NW art, NE art, Sec. 36, T. 20S, R. 19E).

RANGE.—Citrus and Hernando counties northward to Marion County Florida, where it intergrades with P. (O.) lucifugus alachua.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi (Hobbs)

FIGURE 294

Cambarus lunzi Hobbs, 1940b:3, figs. 1–10.

Procambarus lunzi.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:58, fig. 234; 1981:424, figs. 14c, 136d, 138i, 166–168, 252.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 79301 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—1.4 miles (2.2 km) southeast (not southwest) of Early Branch on State Route 68, Hampton County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Lower coastal plain from Aiken, Bamberg, and Colleton counties, South Carolina, southward to McIntosh County, Georgia (between the Edisto and Satilla rivers).

HABITAT.—Sluggish lotic and lentic situations and burrows (secondary or tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 313

Procambarus mancus Hobbs and Walton, 1957:44, figs. 13–23.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:58, fig. 251.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99578, 99579, 99580 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch, 5 miles (8 km) south of Meridian, Lauderdale County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Pascagoula and Tombigbee river basins of Mississippi between the 31st and 34th parallels.

HABITAT.—Burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) marthae Hobbs

FIGURE 317

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) marthae Hobbs, 1975:6, fig. 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 145994, 145995, 145996 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small, very sluggish stream, 2.3 miles (3.7 km) west of the Alabama River on U.S. Highway 84, Monroe County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Alabama River basin in Dallas, Hale, Monroe, and Perry counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) medialis Hobbs

FIGURE 315

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) medialis Hobbs, 1975:10, figs. 3, 4.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144942, 144943, 144944 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Pool in roadside ditch, 0.6 mile (1 km) south of Scotland Neck, Halifax County, North Carolina, on U.S. Highway 258.

RANGE.—Neuse and Pamlico river basins in the coastal plain of North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and sluggish lotic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) orcinus Hobbs and Means

FIGURE 290

Procambarus orcinus Hobbs and Means, 1972:394, fig. 1.—Caine, 1974:14, figs. 2b, 4f, 5b.—Franz and Lee, 1982:61, fig. 4.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) orcinus.—Hobbs, 1974b:58, fig. 231.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:132, fig. 61.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132031, 132032, 132033 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Gopher Sink, 3.1 miles (5 km) southwest of State Route 61 and 0.2 mile (0.3 km) east of State Route 369 (SW art, NW art, NE art, Sec. 16, T.2S, R. 1W), Leon County, Florida.

RANGE.—Known from four localities in Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 288

Cambarus acherontis.—Hobbs, 1937:154.

Cambarus acherontis pallidus Hobbs, 1938b:90 [nomen nudum].

Cambarus pallidus Hobbs, 1940a:394, fig. 16.

Procambarus pallidus.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

procambarus pallidus.—Padgett, 1970:19 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:59, fig. 229.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:132, figs. 4, 62.—Franz and Lee, 1982:61, fig. 4.

Procambrus pallidus.—Relyea and Sutton, 1975a:174, fig. 1 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 76591 (male I, female); “morphotype,” USNM 79350 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Warren's Cave, 11 miles (17.6 km) northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 13, T. 9S, R. 18E).

RANGE.—Subterranean waters from the northwestern part of Alachua and northeastern Levy counties to the Suwannee River basin in southern Suwannee County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei (Creaser)

FIGURE 316

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei Creaser, 1934b:1, figs. 1–3.—Hobbs, 1975:1 [by implication].

Procambarus pearsei.—Hobbs, 1942a:343.

Procambarus pearsei pearsei.—Hobbs and Walton, 1958:7.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei pearsei.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:59, fig. 253.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei.—Hobbs, 1975:15.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 98336, 98337 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Pond and ditch on State Route 22, south of Fayetteville, Cumberland County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Johnston and Samson counties, North Carolina, south to Horry and Marion counties, South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic situations and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus (Hobbs)

FIGURE 273

Cambarus pictus Hobbs, 1940a:419, fig. 22.

Procambarus pictus.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:59, fig. 217.—Franz and Franz, 1979:13, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 76596 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small, swift swamp stream, about 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Green Cove Springs, Clay County, Florida. This is probably Peters Creek at State Route 315, Sec. 30, T.6S, R. 26E. (See Franz and Franz, 1979:14.)

RANGE.—Known from several small tributaries of Black Creek in Clay County, and tributary to the St. Johns River in Duval County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris Penn

FIGURE 312

Procambarus planirostris Penn, 1953c:71, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:59, fig. 250.

Procambarus plantiuostrusg.—Huner, Meyers, and Avault, 1976:152 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus planirostrus.—Huner, Meyers, and Avault, 1976:156 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus plantirostrus.—Huner and Barr, 1980:146 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95674, 95675, 95676 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, ANSP, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Flatwoods, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Walker on State Route 336, Livingston Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—“Florida” parishes of southeastern Louisiana, and Harrison, Jones, Jackson, Perry, Pearl River, and Winston counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) plumimanus Hobbs and Walton

FIGURE 314

Procambarus pearsei plumimanus Hobbs and Walton, 1958:8, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei plumimanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:59, fig. 252.

Procambarus plumimanus.—Hobbs, 1975:1.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) plumimanus.—Hobbs and Peters, 1977:8.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 100940, 100941, 100942 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 2.2 miles (3.5 km) southeast of Havelock on U.S. Highway 70, Craven County, North Carolina.

RANGE.—Carteret, Craven, Duplin, and Jones counties. North Carolina.

HABITAT.—Temporary ponds, pools, and burrows (secondary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens (Faxon)

FIGURE 279

Cambarus pubescens Faxon, 1884:109.

Cambarus (Cambarus) pubescens.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Procambarus pubescens.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1947a:1, figs. 1, 6–8, 15 [not 14], 17, 22, 27, 28, 31.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:60, fig. 223; 1981:408, figs. 13b, 137f, 138j, 161–163, 253.

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) pubescens.—Hobbs III, Thorp, and Anderson, 1976:59 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 3181 (male II, female), MCZ 3551 (2 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—McBean Creek, south of Augusta, Burke-Richmond County line, Georgia.

RANGE.—The Oconee, Ogeechee, and Savannah river systems in eastern Georgia and South Carolina

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus Hobbs

FIGURE 299

Procambarus pycnogonopodus Hobbs, 1942b:117, figs. 126–130; 1943a:53, figs. 3, 4, 8, 9, 11, 15, 19–21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 32.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:60, fig. 238.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81092 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside excavation and adjoining intermittent stream in flatwoods, 5.8 miles (9.3 km) west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22, Gulf County, Florida.

RANGE.—From the Apalachicola River westward to the Choctawhatchee Bay drainage basin in Walton County, Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae Hobbs

FIGURE 292

Procambarus seminolae Hobbs, 1942b:142, figs. 166–170, 335–346.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:60, fig. 232; 1981:430, figs. 14b, 136f, 138k, 169–172, 254.

Procambaris seminolae.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 81286 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, ANSP, USNM, UF (now in USNM, FSBC).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside excavation about 9 miles (14.4 km) northeast of Gainesville on State Route 24 (old number 13), Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 32, T. 8S, R. 21E).

RANGE.—From the Altamaha River drainage in Georgia to Marion County, Florida. A few localities are known in Bryan, Montgomery, and Toombs counties, Georgia (see Hobbs, 1981:433).

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (secondary or tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus Hobbs

FIGURE 303

Procambarus texanus Hobbs, 1971b:87, fig. 2.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:60, fig. 242.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131457, 131458, 131459 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Fish hatchery near Smithville, Bastrop County, Texas.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Ponds.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae Hobbs

FIGURE 323

Procambarus toltecae Hobbs, 1943b:198, figs. 1–14.—Villalobos, 1959:315, figs. 53–57.

Procambarus toltecas.—Villalobos, 1953:356 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:60, fig. 259.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81301 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Puente de Xilitla (not Palitla as originally recorded), small stream 8 km (5 mi) north of Tomazunchale, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Southeastern San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, and Tamaulipas.

HABITAT.—Epigean and hypogean streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) verrucosus Hobbs

FIGURE 309

Procambarus verrucosus Hobbs, 1952a:212, fig. 82.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) verrucosus.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:61, fig. 247.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90743 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Calebea Creek, 3.9 miles (4.6 km) south of Tuskegee, Macon County, Alabama, on U.S. Highway 29.

RANGE.—Southeastern Alabama from Lee and Macon counties southward between the Alabama and Chattahoochee rivers.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis (Faxon)

FIGURE 320

Cambarus viae-viridis Faxon, 1914:370, pl. 5.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) viae viridis.—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus viae-viridis.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus viaeviridis.—Penn, 1959:5.—Pflieger, 1987a:31; 1987b:15.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis.—Hobbs, 1972a:9.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 7336 (2 male I, 2 male II, 6 female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—St. Francis River, Greenway, Clay County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—From southern Illinois, eastern Arkansas, and northeastern Louisiana eastward to the northward flowing segment of the Tennessee River in Kentucky and Tennessee, and through Mississippi to Tuscaloosa County, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Sluggish streams and lentic situations.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi Hobbs

FIGURE 322

Procambarus villalobosi Hobbs, 1969a:41, pl. 1: figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:61, fig. 258.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 118644 and 118645 (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva del Agua, 75 kilometers (46.9 mi) east of Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitlae Hobbs and Grubbs

FIGURE 298

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) xilitlae Hobbs and Grubbs, 1982:45, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitlae.—Hobbs and Grubbs, 1986:737, fig. 1.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) Xilitlae.—Anonymous, 1987b:22 [lapsus].

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitae.—Anonymous, 1987b:22 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and paratype, USNM 177140, 177141, 177142 (male II, female, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hoya de las Guaguas, 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) south-southwest of Aquismon, and very near the town of Xilitla, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi Hobbs

FIGURE 281

Procambarus youngi Hobbs, 1942b:131, figs. 146–150, 325–334.

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi.—Hobbs, 1972a:9; 1974b:61, fig. 225.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 81289 (male I, female); “morphotype,” USNM 81290 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Guard House Branch, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Wewahitchka on State Route 22, Gulf County, Florida (Sec. 23, T. 4S, R. 10W).

RANGE.—Known from the type locality; Wetappo Creek, 6.4 miles (10 km) east of Bay County line on State Route 22; and St. Marks River in Leon and Wakulla counties, Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann

Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1906a:3.

Subgenus Paracambarus Ortmann, 1906a:1 [Type species, by monotypy, Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3. Gender: masculine. Proposed as subgenus of Cambarus, elevated to generic rank by Hobbs, 1942a:344 and reduced to subgeneric status in the genus Procambarus by Hobbs, 1972a:3].—Hobbs, 1984: fig.2.

Paracambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:344.

Paracamburus.—Villalobos, 1953:354 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1972a:3 [in part].

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii (Villalobos)

FIGURE 325

Paracambarus ortmannii Villalobos, 1949:331, pl. 1: figs. 1–7, pl. 2: figs. 1–7.

Paracambarus ortmanni.—Villalobos, 1953:346.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmanni.—Hobbs, 1972a:10.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii.—Hobbs, 1974b:61, fig. 261.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmanii.—Bouchard, 1978b:452 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 2-1149-la (OF6) (male I, female, male II); paratype, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Los Estajos, 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) NE [sic] de Xihuateutla, Pue. en un pequeño arroyito que corre por el lado derecho del camino que va al rancho El Mirador” (Villalobos, 1949:338), Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Epigean and hypogean streams.

Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus (Ortmann)

FIGURE 326

Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus Ortmann, 1906a:3, fig. 1.

Paracambarus paradoxus.—Andrews, 1908a:123 [lapsus].—Hobbs, 1942a:344.—Villalobos, 1947a:233, pl. 1.pl. 3: figs. 1–4.

Cambarus paradoxus.—Andrews, 1908b:167.

Cambarus (Paracamburus) paradoxus.—Villalobos, 1953:354 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus Paradoxus.—Creaser, 1962:7 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10, figs. 2j, 13a–g; 1974b:61, fig. 262.

TYPES.—Syntypes, AMS P.5385 (3 specimens), ANSP 5358 (3 specimens), MHNP (25 plus specimens), CM 74.677 (5 specimens), MCZ 6955 (male I, male II, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tetela de Ocampo y La Cañada, 35 kilometers (21.9 mi) northeast of Zacapoaxtla, Estado de Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the area of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

REMARKS.—Ortmann (1906a:6) noted that there were “numerous specimens in the Mus. Paris.” Some of these were subsequently sent to the other museums listed (to the Australian Museum in September 1921).

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs

Astacus.—LeConte, 1856:401 [in part].

Cambarus.—Hagen, 1870:48 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Cambaru.—Goodnight, 1941:72 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Subgenus Pennides Hobbs, 1972a:10 [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus natchitochae Penn, 1953d:5. Gender masculine.]; 1984, fig. 2.

Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus Penn

FIGURE 329

Procambarus ablusus Penn, 1963:121, figs. 1–10.

Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 265.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 108200, 108202, 108201 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hatchie River, 12.1 miles (19.3 km) east of Ripley on State Route 4, Tippah County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Hatchie River system in Hardeman, Hardin, and McNairy counties, Tennessee, and Alcorn, Tippah, and Tishomingo counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) clemmeri Hobbs

FIGURE 335

Procambarus (Pennides) clemmeri Hobbs, 1975:19, fig. 6.

Procambarus clemmeri.—Hobbs, 1975:24.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 145607, 145608, 145609 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to the Jourdan River, 8.7 miles (13.9 km) southeast of the Pearl River-Hancock County line on State Route 43, 4.3 miles (6.9 km) northwest of the junction of State routes 43 and 603 north of kiln, Hancock County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—From the Pearl River to the Escatawpa River basin in southern Mississippi and Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi Penn

FIGURE 336

Procambarus dupratzi Penn, 1953d:1, figs. 1–7, 10–14.

Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 270.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93652, 93653, 93654 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, AMNH, ANSP, MCZ, CM, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Attoyac Bayou, 5.6 miles (8.9 km) southwest of Timpson on U.S. Highway 59, Shelby County, Texas.

RANGE.—Drainage systems of the Trinity, Red, Neches, Sabine, and Calcasieu rivers in Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus Hobbs

FIGURE 334

Procambarus echinatus Hobbs, 1956a:117, figs. 1–17.

Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 269.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99180, 99181, 99182 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Salkehatchie River, 1.9 miles (3 km) south of Barnwell on State Route 3, Barnwell County, South Carolina.

RANGE.—Salkehatchie and Edisto drainage systems in South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) elegans Hobbs

FIGURE 331

Procambarus elegans Hobbs, 1969c:329, figs. 1–11, 24, 25.

Procambarus (Pennides) elegans.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 266.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129892, 129893, 115838 (male I, female, male II); paratype, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spillway from Corney Lake, an impounded tributary of the Ouachita River, Claiborne Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Ouachita drainage system in southern Arkansas and Claiborne and Union parishes, Louisiana, and in the Pearl River basin in Montgomery and Simpson counties, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus Hobbs

FIGURE 342

Procambarus gibbus Hobbs, 1969c:337, figs. 12–23.

Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 275; 1981:440, figs. 12e, 173f, 174, 175, 183a, 255.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 129804, 129803, 129805 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary to Muckalee Creek (Flint River drainage), 3.2 miles (5.1 km) north of Americus on U.S. Highway 19, Sumter County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Flint River drainage system in Baker, Crawford, Lee, Marion, Schley, and Sumter counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe Black

FIGURE 339

Procambarus lagniappe Black, 1968:5, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:62, fig. 273.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 119088, 119089, 119090 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, Joe B. Black.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Pawticfaw Creek (tributary to Sucarnoochee Creek, tributary to Tombigbee River), 6.0 miles (9.6 km) south of De Kalb, Kemper County, Mississippi, on State Route 39.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Tombigbee River in Kemper County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) lylei Fitzpatrick and Hobbs

FIGURE 333

Procambarus lylei Fitzpatrick and Hobbs, 1971:95, figs. 1–14.

Procambarus (Pennides) lylei—Hobbs, 1972a: 10; 1974b:63, fig. 268.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 131533, 131534, 131535 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Shutispear Creek, 2.7 miles (4.3 km) south of State Route 8 on State Route 9, Calhoun County, Mississippi.

RANGE.—Known from only a few localities in the Yalobusha River drainage in Calhoun County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae Penn

FIGURE 328

Procambarus natchitochae Penn, 1953d:5, figs. 8, 9, 15–19.—Huner, 1977:11.

Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae.—Hobbs, 1972a:10, figs. 2k, 14a–g; 1974b:63, fig. 264.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93649, 93650, 93651 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, AMNH, ANSP, TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Spring Creek at Melder, on State Route 85, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Tributaries of Bayou Teche, Red, and Calcasieu rivers in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae Penn

FIGURE 343

Procambarus vioscae.—Williams, 1954:819 [erroneous spelling for Procambarus vioscai].

Procambarus ouachitae Penn, 1956a:109, figs. 1–17.

Procambarus quachitae.—Penn, 1956a:113 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus ouichitae.—Hobbs, 1968b:K26 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:63, fig. 276.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 99222, 99223, 99224 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, ANSP, AMNH, CM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of the South Fork of the Saline River, 2.4 miles (3.8 km) north of U.S. Highway 70 on a local road 6.5 miles (10.4 km) northeast of Hot Springs (7.7 miles (12.3 km) south-southwest of Owensville), Garland County, Arkansas.

RANGE.—Ouachita and Arkansas river systems in southwestern Arkansas, and the Yazoo Basin in Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) penni Hobbs

FIGURE 338

Procambarus penni Hobbs, 1951b:273, figs. 1–11.

Procambarus (Pennides) penni.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:63, fig. 272.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 91662, 91663, 91664 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Talisheek Creek, at Talisheek, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Pearl and Pascagoula drainage systems in eastern Louisiana and south-central Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) petersi Hobbs

FIGURE 340

Procambarus spiculifer.—Hart and Hart, 1974:21.

Procambarus (Pennides) petersi Hobbs, 1981:442, figs. 193d, 176.

Procambarus petersi.—Hobbs, 1981:449.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 144960, 144961, and 144962 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BMNH, RNHL, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rocky Comfort Creek, 1.7 miles (2.7 km) north of Gibson, Glascock County, Georgia, on Route S2126, and 0.4 mile (0.64 km) east on Chalker Smith Road.

RANGE.—Ogeechee River basin in Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi Hobbs

FIGURE 344

Procambarus raneyi Hobbs, 1953b:412, figs. 1–13.

Procambarus rayeni.—Anonymous, 1967a, table 3 in Appendix [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:63, fig. 277; 1981:449, figs. 12c, 173c, 175, 178, 183c, 257.

Procambarus ranei.—K. Brown, 1981:225 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 95124, 95125, 95126 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—South fork of the Broad River, 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Carlton on the Oglethorpe-Madison county line, Georgia.

RANGE.—Savannah River drainage in Georgia and South Carolina and headwaters of the Ocmulgee River in DeKalb, Gwinnett, Newton, and Walton counties, Georgia.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) roberti Villalobos and Hobbs

FIGURE 330

Procambarus (Pennides) roberti Villalobos and Hobbs, 1974:8, fig. 2.

Procambarus roberti.—Villalobos and Hobbs, 1974:2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 132345, 132346, 133826 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Ditch from La Media Luna, 4.8 miles (7.7 km) south of Río Verde (on highway to Pedro Montoya) and 2.5 miles (4 km) west on dirt road to Mina El Refugio, San Luis Potosí, Mexico” (Villalobos and Hobbs, 1974:6).

RANGE.—Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer (LeConte)

FIGURE 341

Astacus spiculifer LeConte, 1856:401.

Cambarus spiculifer.—Hagen, 1870:48, figs. 59–62, 147.

Cambarus (Cambarus) spiculifer.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) spiculifer.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Cambaru spiculifer.—Goodnight, 1941:72 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus spiculifer.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:119, figs. 131–135.

Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:64, fig. 274; 1981:453, figs. 12d, 173a, b, 177, 179, 180, 183d, 258.

Procambarus spiculifter.—Bouchard, 1978b:445 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, ANSP 316 (male II), MCZ 172 (2 male I, 4 female, 2 juv. male, 3 juv. female), MCZ 3376 (male I), USNM 4962 (specimens decayed), MHNP (male I, female).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Athens, Clarke County, Georgia.

RANGE.—From the upper Savannah Basin southward to the St. Marys and Suwannee river systems in Florida and westward to the Alabama-Mobile River basin.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi Hobbs

FIGURE 327

Procambarus suttkusi Hobbs, 1953a:173, pl. 9.

Procambarus suttkuzi.—Hobbs, 1968b:K11 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:64, fig. 263.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 93730, 93731, 93732 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, TU, BMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of Claybank Creek, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Ozark, Dale County, Alabama.

RANGE.—Choctawhatchee drainage system in Alabama and northern Florida.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) versutus (Hagen)

FIGURE 332

Cambarus versutus Hagen, 1870:51, figs. 55–58, 150.

Cambarus (Cambarus) versutus.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) versutus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus versutus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication]; 1942b:126, figs. 136–140; 1981:463, figs. 12f, 173e, 175, 181, 183e, 259.

Procambarus (Pennides) versutus.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:64, fig. 267.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 190 (3 male II, female), USNM 4963 (male I), MHNP (2 specimens), AMS (no longer there).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Spring Hill, Mobile County, Alabama (see Faxon, 1914:412).

RANGE.—“From the Mobile River drainage (as far north as Choctaw, Tuscaloosa, Blount, and Tallapoosa counties) in Alabama eastward to the Chattahoochee-Apalachicola drainage in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia” (Hobbs, 1981:465).

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai Penn

FIGURE 337

Procambarus vioscai Penn, 1946:27, fig. 1.

Procambarus vioscae.—Williams, 1954:819 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus viosci.—Hobbs, 1968b:K26 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai.—Hobbs, 1972a:10; 1974b:64, fig. 271.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 79925, 79931 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM, Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., TU.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Big Creek at Fishville, about 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Pollock, Grant Parish, Louisiana.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Red River in Arkansas and Louisiana eastward to the Pascagoula River in Mississippi and lower Tombigbee River in Alabama.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann

Cambarus.—Bouvier, 1897:225 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus Ortmann, 1905c:98, 101 [in part].

Subgenus Procambarus Ortmann, 1905d:437 [Type species, by subsequent designation (Fowler, 1912:340), Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225. Gender: masculine.].—Hobbs, 1972a:11; 1984, fig. 7.

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.

REMARKS.—Hobbs (1942a:341; 1972a:11) erred in citing himself as having designated the type species of Procambarus. See above.

Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti (Bouvier)

FIGURE 345

Cambarus Digueti Bouvier, 1897:225.

Cambarus carinatus Faxon, 1898:648, pl. 63. [Type, USNM 17699 (male I). Type locality, Guadalajara, Mexico.]

Cambarus digueti.—Hay, 1899b:960.

Cambarus (Cambarus) digueti.—Ortmann, 1905c:101.

Cambarus (Procambarus) digueti.—Ortmann, 1905d:438.

Cambarus digneti.—Harrison, 1926:380 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus digniti.—Metcalf, 1929:11 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus digueti.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].—Villalobos, 1946:220, pl. 1.

Procambarus Digueti.—Villalobos, 1953:352.

Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti.—Hobbs, 1972a:11, figs. 21, 3a, 15a–g; 1974b:64, fig. 278.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 30579 (2 male I, female); MHNP (8 male, 6 female), CM 74.483 (2 specimens).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Affluents of Río Santiago, Jalisco, Mexico.

RANGE.—Pacific slope in states of Jalisco and Michoacán, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1972a:11.

Subgenus Remoticambarus Hobbs, 1972a:11 [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus pecki Hobbs, 1967b:2. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 6.

Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki Hobbs

FIGURE 346

Procambarus pecki Hobbs, 1967b:2, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki.—Hobbs, 1972a:11, figs. 2m, 16a–g; 1974b:65, fig. 279.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:136, fig. 63.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 117684, 117685, 117686 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, TU, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—McKinney Pit Cave, about 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Tuscumbia, Colbert County, Alabama (Sec. 10, T. 4S, R. 12W).

RANGE.—Tennessee drainage system in Colbert, Lauderdale, and Morgan counties, Alabama.

HABITAT.—Subterranean streams and pools.

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Girard, 1852:91 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Ortmann, 1905b:401 [in part].

Subgenus Ortmannicus.—Fowler, 1912:341 [in part].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Cambaus.—Okada, 1948:133 [erroneous spelling].

Procambrus.—Sukô, 1961:37 [erroneous spelling].

Subgenus Scapulicambarus Hobbs, 1972a:11 [Type species, by original designation, Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus Faxon, 1914:369. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 5.

Procamborus.—Franzini-Armstrong, 1976:218 [erroneous spelling].

Procambaris.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling].

Combarus.—Shinozaki and Ishida, 1981:50 [erroneous spelling].

Procamburus.—Shinozaki and Ishida, 1981:50 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarius.—Mauro, Thompson, and Melacha, 1983:938 [error ous spelling].

Procambambarus.—Appelberg, 1983:67 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii (Girard)

FIGURE 351

Cambarus Clarkii Girard, 1852:91.—Hagen, 1870:39, figs. 7–10, 99, 100, 133, 134, 142, pl. 4.

Cambarus clarkii.—Faxon, 1898:645.

Cambarus clarki.—Hay, 1902b:437.

Cambarus (Cambarus) clarki.—Ortmann, 1905b:401.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) clarkii.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication].

Cambarus clarkii clarkii.—Faxon, 1914:369 [by implication].

Procambarus clarkii clarkii.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus clarkii.—Hobbs, 1942b:103; 1962b:273, figs. 1–9.—Huner, 1977:10.—Pflieger, 1987a:30; 1987b:14.

Cambaus clarkii.—Okada, 1948:133 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus clarki.—Fingermann and Lago, 1957:383.—Penn and Hobbs, 1958:466, figs. 2, 21, 36, 49, 65.

Procambrus clarkii.—Sukô, 1961:37 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Cambarus) clarkii.—Niiyama, 1962:232.

Procambarus clarcii.—Unestam, 1969:203 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:65, fig. 283.

P[rocambarus] (O[rtmannicus]) clarki.—Bouchard, 1972b:102 [lapsus].

Procamborus clarkii.—Franzini-Armstrong, 1976:218 [erroneous spelling].

Procamburus clarkii.—Brown and Bowler, 1978:34 [erroneous spelling].

Combarus clarkii.—Shinozaki and Ishida, 1981:50 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarius clarki.—Mauro, Thompson, and Melacha, 1983:938 [erroneous spelling].

Procambambarus clarkii.—Appelberg, 1983:67 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus calrkii.—Morales, Bozada, and Casanova, 1987:188 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Destroyed in Chicago fire, 1871 (Faxon, 1914:414).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Between San Antonio and El Paso del Norte, Texas.

RANGE.—Northern Mexico to Escambia County, Florida, and north to southern Illinois and Ohio. Widely introduced in the United States and elsewhere; Huner (1986) recorded the following introductions: Arizona, California, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Maryland, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Island of Cyprus, Japan, Kenya, People's Republic of China, Portugal, Spain, Taiwan, and Uganda. It has also been introduced into Oklahoma and into Utah (Johnson, 1986:630). Limited cultivation is in progress in Colombia, France, and Zambia, and introductions are planned or have been made in Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae Hobbs

FIGURE 349

Procambarus howellae Hobbs, 1952b:167, figs. 1, 4, 5, 8–14.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:65, fig. 281; 1981:469, figs. 16b, 182b, 183f, 184–188, 260.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 93158 (male I, female); morphotype, USNM 93159 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Drainage ditch on campus of Wesleyan College, Rivoli, Bibb County, Georgia.

RANGE.—Lower piedmont and upper coastal plain of Georgia in the middle Flint and Altamaha river basins.

HABITAT.—Lotic and lentic situations and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae Hobbs

FIGURE 350

Procambarus okaloosae Hobbs, 1942b:100, figs. 101–105, 315–324.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:65, fig. 282.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 81282 (male I); allotype and “morphotype,” USNM 81283 (female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM, FSBC.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch at intersection of U.S. Highway 90 and State Route 4, Milligan, Okaloosa County, Florida (Sec. 22, T. 3N, R. 24W).

RANGE.—Perdido, Escambia, and Yellow drainage systems in Alabama and Florida.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus (Faxon)

FIGURE 348

Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus Faxon, 1914:369.

Cambarus clarkipaenensulanus.—Hobbs, 1937:154 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus clarki paeninsulanus.—Goodnight, 1941:72.

Procambarus clarkii paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1942b:104, figs. 106–110.—Caine, 1974:7, 14, 36, 47, figs. 1b, 4b, 5a.

Procambarus paeninsulanis.—Anonymous, 1967b, table 3 in unnumbered Appendix [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:12 [lapsus].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus.—Hobbs, 1972a:12, figs. 1e, f, 2n, 3b, 17a–g; 1974b:65, fig. 280; 1981:475, figs. 16c, 182c, 183g, 185, 189–191, 261.

Procambarus paeninsulans.—Hart and Hart, 1974:128 [erroneous spelling].

Procambaris paeninsulanus.—Wharton, 1978:46 [erroneous spelling.]

TYPES.—Holotype, MCZ 3530 (male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Three miles (4.8 km) below Horse Landing, St. Johns River, Putnam County, Florida.

RANGE.—Southern Georgia, and Florida from the Choctawhatchee Basin east and south to Flagler, Marion, and Hillsboro counties.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (tertiary burrower); rarely in subterranean waters.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) strenthi Hobbs

FIGURE 347

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) strenthi Hobbs, 1977a:412, 2 figs.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 147725, 147726, 147727; paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Small stream 15 miles (24 km) west of Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Stream.

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes (LeConte)

FIGURE 352

Astacus troglodytes LeConte, 1856:400.

Astacus fossarum LeConte, 1856:401. [Syntypes, MCZ 3377 (male I, dry), ANSP 314 (female). Type locality, ditches, lower Georgia.]

Astacus maniculatus LeConte, 1856:401. [Types not extant. Type locality, ditches, lower Georgia.]

Cambarus troglodytes.—Hagen, 1870:41, figs. 11–14, 141.

Cambarus troglodytus.—Hagen, 1870:33 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus maniculatus.—Hagen, 1870:34.

Cambarus fossarum.—Hagen, 1870:53.

Cambarus troglodytes.—Herrick, 1882:254 [erroneous spelling].

Cambarus (Cambarus) troglodytes.—Ortmann, 1905c:102.

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) troglodytes.—Fowler, 1912:341 [by implication],—Creaser, 1934b:4 [by implication].

Procambarus troglodytes.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [by implication].

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:66, fig. 284; 1981:484, figs. 16d, 182a, 183h, 185, 192–194, 262.

TYPES.—Syntypes, MCZ 3375 (male I, dry), ANSP 4175 (fragments).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Rice fields in Georgia.

RANGE.—Between the Altamaha and Pee Dee rivers, in Georgia and South Carolina.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations, and burrows (tertiary burrower).

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1950b:194 [in part].

Subgenus Tenuicambarus Hobbs, 1972a: 12 [Type species, by original designation, Procambarus tenuis Hobbs, 1950b:194. Gender: masculine.]; 1984, fig. 8.

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis Hobbs

FIGURE 353

Procambaruus tenuis Hobbs, 1950b: 194, figs. 1–12.

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis Hobbs, 1972a:12, figs. 2o, 3d, 18a–g; 1974b:66, fig. 285.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 90390 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Six miles (9.6 km) east of Page and just west of Oklahoma state line, Le Flore County, Oklahoma.

RANGE.—Arkansas, Ouachita, and Red river basins in eastern Oklahoma and western Arkansas.

HABITAT.—In, and burrowing adjacent to, springs and clear, cool streams.

Subgenus Villalobosus Hobbs

Cambarus.—Creaser, 1931a:1 [in part].

Subgenus Cambarus.—Creaser, 1931a:1 [in part].

Procambarus.—Hobbs, 1942a:342 [in part].

Paracambarus.—Villalobos, 1944a:161 [in part].

Subgenus Procambarus.—Villalobos, 1953:354 [lapsus].

Subgenus Villalobosus Hobbs, 1972a:12 [Type species, by original designation, Paracambarus riojae [sic] Villalobos, 1944a:161. Gender:masculine.]; 1984, fig. 7.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi (Creaser)

FIGURE 358

Cambarus (Cambarus) contrerasi Creaser, 1931a:1, figs. 1–6.

Cambarus contrerasi.—Creaser, 1931a:1.

Procambarus contrerasi.—Hobbs, 1942a:342.—Villalobos. 1950:373, pls. 2, 3; 1955:142, pls. 29, 30; 1983:137, pls. 29, 30.

Cambarus (Procambarus) contrerasi.—Villalobos, 1953:354 [lapsus calami].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:66, fig. 289.

TYPES.—Holotype, USNM 98353 (male I); paratype, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Tributary of the Río Cazones near Agua Fría, 19.2 kilometers (12 mi) south of Miahuapan, State of Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Cazones and the Río Tecolutla in the vicinity of Zihuateutla and Agua Fría, Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) cuetzalanae Hobbs

FIGURE 355

Procambarus (Villalobosus) cuetzalanae Hobbs, 1982:39, fig. 1.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, 177202, 177203, and 177204 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, BM, RNHL, TMM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva de Tasalolpan, 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) southwest of Cuetzalan, Puebla, in the Río Tecuantepec (tributary to Río Tecolutla) watershed, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known from only five localities in the vicinity of Cuetzalan, Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters and springs.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni Villalobos

FIGURE 357

Procambarus erichsoni Villalobos, 1950:384, pls. 5–7; 1955:131, pls. 26, 27; 1983:127, pls. 26, 27.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:66, fig. 288.

Procambarus ercichsoni.—Bouchard, 1978b:445 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 52048(048) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Arroyos Puendo, Mamay y Bojoy, Tenango de Doria, Hidalgo [Mexico]” (Villalobos, 1950:390).

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Pantepec (to Río Tuxpan) in the vicinity of Tenango de Doria, Hidalgo, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni (Villalobos)

FIGURE 356

Paracambarus hoffmanni Villalobos, 1944a:169, pl. 2.

Procambarus hoffmanni.—Villalobos, 1950:411; 1955:102, pls. 18, 19; 1983:100, pls. 18, 19.

Procambarus Hoffmanni.—Villalobos, 1955:285.

Procambarus Hoffmani.—Hobbs, 1962a:279 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12; 1974b:67, fig. 287.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 100043(013) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Vertedor de Demasía de la Presa de Necaxa, Necaxa, [Puebla, Mexico]” (Villalobos, 1955:107).

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Tecolutla and Río Nautla in Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi Villalobos

FIGURE 359

Procambarus hortonhobbsi Villalobos, 1950:402, pls. 10, 11; 1955:107, pls. 19, 20; 1983:105, pls. 19, 20.

Procambarus hortonhobsi.—Villalobos, 1955:288 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:67, fig. 290.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 21249(085) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—El Coyular, 7 kilometers (4.4 mi) northeast of La Unión, Municipio de Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai (Villalobos)

FIGURE 354

Paracambarus riojae Villalobos, 1944a:161, pl. 1.

Procambarus riojae.—Villalobos, 1950:401; 1955:96.pl. 17; 1983:95, pl. 17.

Procambarus riojai.—Hobbs, 1971d:3.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai.—Hobbs, 1972a: 12, figs. 2p, 3c, 19a–g; 1974b:67, fig. 286.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” IBM 50045(027) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Huauchinango, Estado de Puebla, riachuelos tributarios del río Necaxa, [Mexico]” (Villalobos, 1944a:169).

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Cazones and Río Tecolutla in Hidalgo and Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis (Villalobos)

FIGURE 362

Paracambarus teziutlanensis Villalobos, 1947a:240, pl. 2, pl. 3: figs. 5–9.

Procambarus teziutlanensis.—Villalobos, 1950:372; 1955:115, pls. 21, 22; 1983:112, pls. 21, 22.

Paracambarus teziutlanensi.—Villalobos, 1953:357 [erroneous spelling],

Procambarus tziutlanensis.—Hobbs, 1971d:12 [erroneous spelling].

Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:67, fig. 292.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 121245(029) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Chignautla, 5 kilometers [3.1 mi] al Oriente de Teziutlán, Estado de Puebla, [Mexico]” (Villalobos, 1947a:247).

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Nautla in Puebla and Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis (Villalobos)

FIGURE 363

Paracambarus tlapacoyanensis Villalobos, 1947b:537, pls. 1, 2.

Procambarus tlapacoyanensis.—Villalobos, 1950:372; 1955:123, pls. 23, 24; 1983:119, pls. 23, 24.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:67, fig. 293.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 51947(031) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cañada de Tomata, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Tributaries of the Río Nautla in the vicinity of Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) xochitlanae Hobbs

FIGURE 361

Procambarus (Villalobosus) xochitlanae Hobbs, 1975:16, fig. 5.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 145610, 145611, 145612 (male I, female, male II); paratypes USNM, IBM, TTM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Cueva de Los Camarones (Río Tecolutla Basin), 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) northwest of Xochitlán, Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Subterranean stream.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis Villalobos

FIGURE 360

Procambarus zihuateutlensis Villalobos, 1950:394, pls. 8, 9; 1955:149, pls. 31, 32; 1983:144, pls. 31, 32.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis.—Hobbs, 1972a:12; 1974b:67, fig. 291.

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuatentlensis.—Villalobos, 1982:220 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, IBM 21149(080) (male I, female, male II); paratypes, IBM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Arroyo de Tlatentiloyan, Los Estajos, Municipio de Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

RANGE.—Headwater tributaries of the Río Tecolutla in the vicinity of Zihuateutla, Puebla, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Genus Troglocambarus Hobbs

Troglocambarus Hobbs, 1942a:345. [Type species, by original designation, Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs, 1942a:345. Gender: masculine.]

Trolocambarus.—Bouchard, 1978b:428 [erroneous spelling].

Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs

FIGURE 364

Troglocambarus maclanei Hobbs, 1942a:345, pis. 1, 2; 1971c:122, figs. 17a–g, 19a; 1974b:68, fig. 294.—Hobbs, Hobbs, and Daniel, 1977:138, figs. 4, 64, 65.—Hobbs and Franz, 1986:509, fig. 3e, f.

Troglocambarus maclanei.—Bouchard, 1978b:428; 1980b:428 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and “morphotype,” USNM 79385, 79386, 79387 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, MCZ, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Squirrel Chimney, a small cave about 11 miles (17.6 km) northwest of Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida (Sec. 21, T. 9S, R. 18E).

RANGE.—Florida: Hernando and Marion counties to Alachua and Suwannee counties.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Family PARASTACIDAE Huxley, 1879

Genus Parastacus Huxley

Astacus.—Poeppig, 1835:314.

Parastacus Huxley, 1879:771. [Type species, by subsequent designation (Faxon, 1898:683), Astacus pilimanus von Martens, 1869:15. Gender: masculine].

Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens)

FIGURE 365

Astacus Brasiliensis von Martens, 1869:16, pl. 2: fig. 2.

Astacus brasiliensis.—Huxley, 1879:771.

Parastacus brasiliensis.—Huxley, 1879:771 [by implication]; 1880a:250, fig. 64.—Riek, 1971:133.—Buckup and Rossi, 1980:667, figs. 5–7, 8, 21.

Parastacus braziliensis.—Moreira, 1901:80 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus braziliensis.—Moreira, 1901:80 [erroneous spelling].

Parastacus brasilensis.—Brodsky, 1981:120 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes, ZBM 3322, 3348.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

RANGE.—Known only from the east-central part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

HABITAT.—Lotic habitats (see Buckup and Rossi, 1980: 668–669).

REMARKS.—This taxon was considered to be a junior synonym of Parastacus pilimanus (von Martens) by Riek, 1971, but was recognized as being distinct by Buckup and Rossi, 1980.

Parastacus defossus Faxon

FIGURE 370

Parastacus defossus Faxon, 1898:686, pl. 67: figs. 3, 4.—Riek, 1971:134.—Buckup and Rossi, 1980:677, figs. 15–17, 21.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 19647 (3 specimens); MCZ 4776 (1 specimen).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Montevideo, Uruguay.

RANGE.—From Montevideo, Uruguay, to east central Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. (See Buckup and Rossi, 1980:677.)

HABITAT.—Burrows.

Parastacus laevigatus Buckup and Rossi

FIGURE 369

Parastacus laevigatus Buckup and Rossi, 1980:677, figs. 18–21.

TYPES.—Holotype, MN.UFRJ (male); paratypes, MN.UFRJ.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Joinville, (Estrada da Cidra, Chácara dos Ipes), Santa Catarina, Brasil” (Buckup and Rossi, 1980:680).

RANGE.—Known from only two localities, in the extreme northeastern part of Santa Catarina, Brazil.

HABITAT.—Not reported.

Parastacus nicoleti (Philippi)

FIGURE 372

Astacus chilensis.—Nicolet, 1849:211 [not H. Milne Edwards, 1837].

Astacus Nicoleti Philippi, 1882:624.

Astacus Ricoleti.—Philippi, 1882:626 [erroneous spelling].

Parastacus nicoletii Faxon, 1898:689 [as a new species].

Parastacus nicoleti.—Ortmann, 1902:293.—Porter, 1917:98, fig. 61.—Bahamonde, 1958:183, figs. 1–17.—Riek, 1971:133.

Parastacus Nicoleti.—Porter, 1904:255.

Astacus nicoleti.—Faxon, 1914:354.

Parastacus nicoletti.—Bahamonde, 1951:91 [erroneous spelling].

TYPE.—Not designated.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Valdivia, Chile.

RANGE.—Valdivia region of Chile.

HABITAT.—Burrows.

Parastacus pilimanus (von Martens)

FIGURE 366

Astacus pilimanus von Martens, 1869:15, pl. 2: fig. 1.

Parastacus pilimanus.—Huxley, 1879:771 [by implication].—Riek, 1971:133.—Buckup and Rossi, 1980:665, figs. 2–4, 8, 21.—Amestoy, 1983:2, fig. 3.

Astacus polmanus.—Brodsky, 1981:120 [erroneous spelling].

TYPES.—Syntypes: ZBM 3323, 3447.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

RANGE.—Eastern Uruguay and southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

HABITAT.—Burrows; in open water seasonally (associated with the liberation of young). (See Buckup and Rossi, 1980:665, and Amestoy and Pin, 1984:2).

Parastacus pugnax (Poeppig)

FIGURE 371

Astacus pugnax Poeppig, 1835:314.

Astacus chilensis H. Milne Edwards, 1837:333 [Type: MHNP. Type locality: “cotes du Chile”].

Astacus chiliensis.—Gray, 1845:411 [erroneous spelling].

Astacus (Cambarus) Chilensis.—Erichson, 1846:100.

Astacus (Astacus) Chilensis.—Herklots, 1861:144.

Parastacus Chilensis.—Von Ihéring, 1893:46.

Parastacus hassleri Faxon, 1898:687, pl. 70: figs. 1–3. [Types: holotype, MCZ 3401; paratypes, USNM 19689. Type locality: Talcahuano, Chile.]

Parastacus Hassleri.—Lönnberg, 1898:349, figs. 1–3.

Parastacus chilensis.—Rathbun, 1910:602.—Holthuis, 1952:81.

Astacus chilensis auct.—Bahamonde, 1951:92.

Parastacus pugnax.—Holthuis, 1952:84.—Riek, 1971:133, fig. 1b.

TYPES.—Not extant. Neotype, here designated: MCZ 3401, holotype of Parastacus hassleri Faxon, 1898.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Talcahuano, Chile.

RANGE.—Assuming the identity of H. Milne Edwards’ type to be conspecific with Poeppig's species (as believed by Riek, 1971), this Chilean crayfish ranges from Valparaíso southward to the Taitao Peninsula.

HABITAT.—Burrows.

REMARKS.—The synonomy and taxonomic problems involved with the identities of Astacus chilensis Poeppig and Astacus chilensis H. Milne Edwards are discussed by Holthuis (1952).

Parastacus saffordi Faxon

FIGURE 368

Parastacus saffordi Faxon, 1898:683, pl. 68.—Riek, 1971:134.—Buckup and Rossi, 1980:673, figs. 9–11, 21.

TYPES.—Syntypes, USNM 12581 (2 specimens), MCZ 4775 (1 specimen).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Montevideo, Uruguay.

RANGE.—Until the report of the occurrence of this crayfish in two widely separated localities in the eastern part of the state of Santa Catarina by Buckup and Rossi (1980:675), this crayfish was known only from the vicinity of Montevideo, Uruguay. It is surprising that it has not been found in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

HABITAT.—Faxon reported its occurrence in burrows, and Buckup and Rossi found it swimming in a “cacimba” (= small, perhaps temporary, pool).

Parastacus varicosus Faxon

FIGURE 367

Parastacus varicosus Faxon, 1898:685, pl. 69.—Riek, 1971:134, fig. la, d, e.—Buckup and Rossi, 1980:675, figs. 12–14, 21.—Amestoy, 1983:2, fig. 2.

TYPE.—Holotype, USNM 4133.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Colima, Mexico. As pointed out by others, these are obviously erroneous locality data.

RANGE.—Eastern parts of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and departments of Maldonado and Rocha, Uruguay.

HABITAT.—Lotic situations.

Genus Samastacus Riek

Astacus.—Philippi, 1882:627.

Parastacus.—Faxon, 1898:690.

Samastacus Riek, 1971:135. [Type species, by original designation, Astacus spinifrons Philippi, 1882:627. Gender: masculine.]

Samastacus araucanius (Faxon)

FIGURE 374

Parastacus araucanius Faxon, 1914:353, plate 4.

Samastacus araucanius.—Riek, 1971:135.

TYPE.—Holotype, MCZ 7355 (male).

TYPE LOCALITY.—Corral, Chile.

RANGE.—Known only from the type locality.

HABITAT.—Cascading stream, but according to Faxon, “it has a strongly compressed cephalothorax, indicating a burrow-dwelling species.”

Samastacus spinifrons (Philippi)

FIGURE 373

Astacus spinifrons Philippi, 1882:627, fig. B.

Actacus bimaculatus Philippi, 1894:378 [Types: unknown. Type locality: presumably Chile, but no locality cited. Erroneous spelling of generic name.]

Parastacus agassizii Faxon, 1898:690, pl. 70: figs. 4, 5. [Syntypes: MCZ 3400, USNM 12045. Type locality: Talcahuano, Chile.].—Doflein, 1900:132.

Parastacus agassizi.—Ortmann, 1902:293.

Parastacus Agassizi.—Porter, 1904:258, pl. 9.

Astacus bimaculatus.—Faxon, 1914:354.

Parastacus spinifrons.—Faxon, 1914:354, pl. 9: fig. 1.—Bahamonde, 1951:85, 6 figs.—Holthuis, 1952:81.

Parastacus bimaculatus.—Faxon, 1914:356.

?Parastacus nicoleti.—Porter, 1917:98, fig. 61.

Parastacus agassizzi.—Bahamonde, 1951:89 [erroneous spelling].

Parastacus efinifrons.—Castro, 1966:11 [erroneous spelling].

Samastacus spinifrons.—Riek, 1971:135, fig. 1c, f.g.—Hobbs, 1974a:26, fig. 26.

TYPES.—Unknown.

TYPE LOCALITY.—“Llico i de Valdivia,” Chile (Philippi, 1882:627).

RANGE.—Region of Talcahuano southward to the Taitao Peninsula and the Island of Chiloé, and questionably in the Pacific Basin of neighboring Argentina.

HABITAT.—Lotic (and possibly lentic?) situations.

Appendix 1

Alphabetical List of American Crayfishes with Their Distribution

Crayfishes in Astacidae, Cambaridae, and Parastacidae are listed along with the countries, states, and/or provinces in which they live. Parentheses enclosing political units denote known or suspected introductions; if the latter, a question mark follows the closing parenthesis. The number for each species/subspecies is referenced in Appendix 2 (it does not correspond to the figure number for that taxon). A dagger indicates the species is extinct.

Family ASTACIDAE

Pacifastacus

(Hobbsastacus)

†1.  chenoderma.—USA: Idaho, Oregon (Miocene and Pliocene deposits; extinct)

2.  connectens.—USA: Idaho, Oregon

3.  fortis.—USA: California

4.  gambelii.—USA: (California)?, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming

5.  nigrescens.—USA: California (probably extinct)

(Pacifastacus)

6.  leniusculus klamathensis.—CANADA: British Columbia.—USA: California, Idaho, Oregon, Washington

7.  leniusculus leniusculus.—CANADA: British Columbia.—(JAPAN).—(SWEDEN).—USA: (California)?, Idaho, (Nevada), Oregon, (Utah)?, Washington

8.  leniusculus trowbridgii.—CANADA: British Columbia.—(JAPAN).—USA: (California)?, Idaho, (Nevada), Oregon, Washington

Family CAMBARIDAE

Subfamily CAMBARELLINAE

Cambarellus

(Cambarellus)

9.  alvarezi.—MEXICO: Nuevo León

10.  areolatus.—MEXICO: Coahuila

11.  chapalanus.—MEXICO: Jalisco, Michoacán

12.  chihuahuae.—MEXICO: Chihuahua

13.  montezumae.—MEXICO: Distrito Federal, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacán

14.  occidentalis.—MEXICO: Michoacán, Sinaloa

15.  patzcuarensis.—MEXICO: Michoacán

16.  prolixus.—MEXICO: Jalisco

17.  zempoalensis.—MEXICO: Morelos (Dirigicambarus)

18.  shufeldtii.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, (Georgia?), Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, Texas

(Pandicambarus)

19.  blacki.—USA: Florida

20.  diminutus.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

21.  lesliei.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

22.  ninae—USA: Texas

23.  puer.—USA: Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississipppi, Tennessee, Texas

24.  schmitti.—USA: Florida

25.  texanus.—USA: Texas

Subfamily CAMBARINAE

Barbicambarus

26.  cornutus.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

Bouchardina

27.  robisoni.—USA: Arkansas

Cambarus

(Aviticambarus)

28.  hamulatus.—USA: Alabama, Tennessee

29.  jonesi.—USA: Alabama

(Cambarus)

30.  bartonii bartonii.—CANADA: New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec.—USA: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia.

31.  bartonii carinirostris.—USA: Ohio, West Virginia

32.  bartonii cavatus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

33.  howardi.—USA: Alabama, Georgia

34.  ortmanni.—USA: Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio

35.  sciotensis.—USA: Ohio, Virginia, West Virginia

(Depressicambarus)

36.  catagius.—USA: North Carolina

37.  cymatilis.—USA: Georgia, Tennessee

38.  deweesae.—USA: Tennessee

39.  englishi.—USA: Alabama, Georgia

40.  graysoni.—USA: Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee

41.  halli.—USA: Alabama, Georgia

42.  harti.—USA: Georgia

43.  latimanus.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee

44.  obstipus.—USA: Alabama

45.  pyronotus.—USA: Florida

46.  reduncus.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina

47.  reflexus.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

48.  sphenoides.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

49.  striatus.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee

50.  strigosus.—USA: Georgia

51.  truncatus.—USA: Georgia

(Erebicambarus)

52.  hubbsi.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

53.  hubrichti.—USA: Missouri

54.  laevis.—USA: Illinois?, Indiana, Kentucky?

55.  ornatus.—USA: Kentucky

56.  rusticiformis.—USA: Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee

57.  tenebrosus.—USA: Alabama, Illinois?, Kentucky, Tennessee

(Exilicambarus)

58.  cracens.—USA: Alabama

(Hiaticambarus)

59.  chasmodactylus.—USA: North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

60.  coosawattae.—USA: Georgia

61.  fasciatus.—USA: Georgia

62.  girardianus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Missis—sippi?, Tennessee

63.  longirostris.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina, (South Carolina), Tennessee, Virginia

64.  longulus.—USA: North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

65.  manningi.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee

66.  speciosus.—USA: Georgia

(Jugicambarus)

67.  asperimanus.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee

68.  batchi.—USA: Kentucky

69.  bouchardi.—USA: Tennessee

70.  brachydactylus.—USA: Tennessee

71.  carolinus.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee

72.  causeyi.—USA: Arkansas

73.  conasaugaensis.—USA: Georgia, Tennessee

74.  crinipes.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

75.  cryptodytes.—USA: Florida, Georgia

76.  distans.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee

77.  dubius.—USA: Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

78.  friaufi.—USA: Tennessee

79.  gentryi.—USA: Tennessee

80.  monongalensis.—USA: Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia

81.  nodosus.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee

82.  obeyensis.—USA: Tennessee

83.  parvoculus.—USA: Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia

84.  setosus.—USA: Missouri, Oklahoma?

85.  tartarus.—USA: Oklahoma

86.  unestami.—USA: Alabama, Georgia

87.  zophonastes.—USA: Arkansas

(Lacunicambarus)

88.  acanthura.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee

89.  diogenes.—CANADA: Ontario.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin

90.  ludovicianus.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas

91.  miltus.—USA: Alabama

(Puncticambarus)

92.  acuminatus.—USA: Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia

93.  buntingi.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

94.  chaugaensis.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

95.  coosae.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee

96.  cumberlandensis.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

97.  extraneus.—USA: Georgia, Tennessee

98.  georgiae.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina

99.  hiwasseensis.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina

100.  nerterius.—USA: West Virginia

101.  parrishi.—USA: Georgia, North Carolina

102.  reburrus.—USA: North Carolina

103.  robustus.—CANADA: Ontario.—USA: Con—necticut, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

104.  scotti.—USA: Alabama, Georgia

105.  spicatus.—USA: South Carolina

106.  veteranus.—USA: Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia

(Veticambarus)

107.  pristinus.—USA: Tennessee

Distocambarus

(Distocambarus)

108.  crockeri.—USA: South Carolina

109.  devexus.—USA: Georgia

(Fitzcambarus)

110.  carlsoni.—USA: South Carolina

111.  youngineri.—USA: South Carolina

Fallicambarus

(Creaserinus)

112.  byersi.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Mississippi

113.  caesius.—USA: Arkansas

114.  danielae.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

115.  fodiens.—CANADA: Ontario.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi?, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, Wisconsin?

116.  hedgpethi—USA: Alabama?, Arkansas, Florida?, Georgia?, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee?, Texas

117.  hortoni.—USA: Tennessee

118.  oryktes.—USA: Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi

119.  uhleri.—USA: Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia

(Fallicambarus)

120.  dissitus.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana

121.  harpi.—USA: Arkansas

122.  jeanae.—USA: Arkansas

123.  macneesei.—USA: Louisiana, Texas

124.  strawni.—USA: Arkansas

Faxonella

125.  beyeri.—USA: Louisiana, Texas

126.  blairi.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma

127.  clypeata.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas?, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma?, South Carolina, Texas

128.  creaseri.—USA: Arkansas? Louisiana, Missouri?

Hobbseus

129.  attenuatus.—USA: Mississippi

130.  cristatus.—USA: Mississippi

131.  orconectoides.—USA: Mississippi

132.  petilus.—USA: Mississippi

133.  prominens.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

134.  valleculus.—USA: Mississippi

Orconectes

(Billecambarus)

135.  harrisoni.—USA: Missouri

(Buannulifictus)

136.  hobbsi.—USA: Louisiana, Mississippi

137.  meeki brevis.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma

138.  meeki meeki.—USA: Arkansas

139.  palmeri creolanus.—USA: Louisiana, Mississippi

140.  palmeri longimanus.—USA: Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

141.  palmeri palmeri.—USA: Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee

(Crockerinus)

142.  bisectus.—USA: Kentucky

143.  erichsonianus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia

144.  eupunctus.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

145.  illinoiensis.—USA: Illinois

146.  jeffersoni.—USA: Kentucky

147.  marchandi.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

148.  obscurus.—CANADA: Ontario.—USA: Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia

149.  propinquus.—CANADA: Ontario, Quebec.—USA: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin

150.  rafinesquei.—USA: Kentucky

151.  sanbornii erismophorous.—USA: West Virginia

152.  sanbornii sanbornii.—USA: Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia

153.  shoupi.—USA: Tennessee

154.  stannardi.—USA: Illinois

155.  tricuspis.—USA: Kentucky

156.  virginiensis.—USA: North Carolina, Virginia

(Faxonius)

157.  indianensis.—USA: Illinois, Indiana

158.  limosus.—USA: Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia.—(EUROPE, widespread in western part)

159.  wrighti.—USA: Tennessee

(Gremicambarus)

160.  alabamensis.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee

160a. causeyi.—USA: Arkansas? Colorado, Kansas, Missouri? (New Mexico), Oklahoma, Texas

161.  chickasawae—USA: Mississippi

162.  compressus.—USA: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee

163.  cooperi.—USA: Alabama, Tennessee

164.  etnieri.—USA: Mississippi, Tennessee

165.  holti.—USA: Alabama

166.  immunis.—CANADA: Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, (Connecticut)?, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, (Maine)?, (Massachusetts)?, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, (New Hampshire)?, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, (Rhode Island)?, South Dakota, Tennessee, (Vermont)?, Wisconsin, Wyoming

167.  mississippiensis.—USA: Mississippi

168.  nais.—USA: Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas?

169.  rhoadesi.—USA: Tennessee

170.  validus.—USA: Alabama, Tennessee

171.  virilis.—CANADA: Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan.—(MEXICO: Baja California Norte, Chihuahua).—USA: (Alabama), (Arizona), Arkansas, (California), Colorado, (Connecticut)?, (District of Columbia), Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, (Maine)?, (Maryland), (Massachusetts)?, Michigan, Minnesota, (Mississippi), Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, (New Hampshire)?, (New Jersey), (New Mexico)?, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, (Pennsylvania), (Rhode Island)?, South Dakota, (Tennessee), Texas?, Utah, (Vermont)?, (Virginia), (West Virginia), Wisconsin, Wyoming

(Hespericambarus)

172.  blacki.—USA: Louisiana

173.  deanae.—USA: New Mexico

174.  difficilis.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

175.  hathawayi.—USA: Louisiana

176.  maletae.—USA: Louisiana, Texas

177.  perfectus.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

(Orconectes)

178.  australis australis.—USA: Alabama, Tennessee

179.  australis packardi.—USA: Kentucky

180.  incomptus.—USA: Tennessee

181.  inermis inermis.—USA: Indiana, Kentucky

182.  inermis testii.—USA: Indiana

183.  pellucidus.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

(Procericambarus)

184.  acares.—USA: Arkansas

185.  barrenensis.—USA: Kentucky, Tennessee

186.  forceps.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia

187.  hylas.—USA: Missouri

188.  leptogonopodus.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma

189.  longidigitus.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

190.  luteus.—USA: Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri

191.  macrus.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

192.  medius.—USA: Missouri

193.  menae.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma

194.  mirus.—USA: Alabama, Tennessee

195.  nana.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma

196.  neglectus chaenodactylus.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

197.  neglectus neglectus.—USA: Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, (Oregon)

198.  ozarkae.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

199.  peruncus.—USA: Missouri

200.  placidus.—USA: Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee

201.  punctimanus.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

202.  putnami.—USA: Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee

203.  quadruncus.—USA: Missouri

204.  rusticus.—CANADA: Ontario.—USA: (Con—necticut)?, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, (Maine)?, (Massachusetts)?, Michigan, Minnesota, (New Hampshire)?, (New Jersey), (New Mexico), (New York), Ohio, (Pennsylvania)?, (Tennessee)?, (Vermont)?, (West Virginia)?, Wisconsin

205.  saxatilis.—USA: Oklahoma

206.  spinosus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia?, West Virginia?

207.  williamsi.—USA: Arkansas, Missouri

(Rhoadesius)

208.  kentuckiensis.—USA: Kentucky, Illinois

209.  sloanii.—USA: Indiana, Ohio

(Tragulicambarus)

210.  lancifer.—USA: Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, Texas

Procambarus

(Acucauda)

211.  fitzpatricki.—USA: Mississippi

(Austrocambarus)

212.  acanthophorus.—MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz

213.  atkinsoni.—CUBA: Isla de Pinos

214.  cubensis cubensis.—CUBA: Camagüey, Isla de Pinos, La Habana, Las Villas, Matanzas, Oriente, Pinar del Río

215.  cubensis rivalis.—CUBA: Pinar del Rio

216.  llamasi.—GUATEMALA.—MEXICO: Cam—peche, Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatán

217.  mexicanus.—MEXICO: Veracruz

218.  mirandai.—MEXICO: Chiapas

219.  niveus.—CUBA: Pinar del Río

220.  oaxacae oaxacae.—MEXICO: Oaxaca

221.  oaxacae reddelli.—MEXICO: Oaxaca, Veracruz

222.  pilosimanus.—BELIZE.—GUATEMALA.—MEXICO: Chiapas, Quintana Roo

†223.  primaevus.—USA: Wyoming (Eocene fossils—extinct)

224.  rodriguezi.—MEXICO: Veracruz

225.  ruthveni.—MEXICO: Veracruz

226.  sbordonii.—MEXICO: Chiapas

227.  vazquezae.—MEXICO: Veracruz

228.  veracruzanus.—MEXICO: Veracruz

229.  williamsoni.—GUATEMALA.—HONDURAS

230.  zapoapensis.—MEXICO: Veracruz

(Capillicambarus)

231.  brazoriensis.—USA: Texas

232.  hinei.—USA: Louisiana, Texas

233.  incilis.—USA: Texas

(Girardiella)

234.  barbiger.—USA: Mississippi Dakota, Ohio, (Rhode Island)?, South Dakota, Tennessee, (Vermont)?, Wisconsin, Wyoming

235.  cometes.—USA: Mississippi

236.  connus.—USA: Mississippi

237.  curdi.—USA: Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas

238.  gracilis.—USA: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas?, Missouri, Oklahoma?, Texas?, Wisconsin

239.  hagenianus hagenianus.—USA: Alabama, Mis—sissippi

240.  hagenianus vesticeps.—USA: Mississippi

241.  liberorum.—USA: Arkansas

242.  parasimulans.—USA: Arkansas

243.  pogum.—USA: Mississippi

244.  regiomontanus.—MEXICO: Nuevo León, Tamaulipas

245.  reimeri.—USA: Arkansas

246.  simulans.—USA: Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas?, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas

247.  tulanei.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana

(Hagenides)

248.  advena.—USA: Georgia

249.  caritus.—USA: Georgia

250.  geodytes.—USA: Florida

251.  pygmaeus.—USA: Florida, Georgia

252.  rogersi campestris.—USA: Florida

253.  rogersi expletus.—USA: Florida

254.  rogersi ochlocknensis.—USA: Florida

255.  rogersi rogersi.—USA: Florida

256.  talpoides.—USA: Florida, Georgia

257.  truculentus.—USA: Georgia

(Leconticambarus)

258.  alleni.—USA: Florida

259.  apalachicolae.—USA: Florida

260.  barbatus.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

261.  capillatus.—USA: Alabama, Florida

262.  econfinae.—USA:Florida

263.  escambiensis.—USA: Alabama, Florida

264.  hubbelli.—USA: Alabama, Florida

265.  kilbyi.—USA: Florida

266.  latipleurum.—USA: Florida

267.  milleri.—USA: Florida

268.  pubischelae deficiens.—USA: Georgia

269.  pubischelae pubischelae.—USA: Florida, Georgia

270.  rathbunae.—USA: Florida

271.  shermani.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi

(Lonnbergius)

272.  acherontis.—USA: Florida

(Mexicambarus)

273.  bouvieri.—MEXICO: Michoacán

(Ortmannicus)

274.  acutissimus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi

275.  acutus acutus.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, (California), (Connecticut), Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, (Maine), Maryland, (Massachusetts), Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, (Rhode Island), South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin.

276.  acutus cuevachicae.—MEXICO: Hidalgo, Puebla, San Luis PotosíTamaulipas, Veracruz

277.  ancylus.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina

278.  angustatus.—USA: Georgia (probably extinct)

279.  bivittatus.—USA: Alabama?, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi

280.  blandingii.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina

281.  caballeroi.—MEXICO: Puebla chacei.—See enoplosternum

282.  delicatus.—USA: Florida

283.  enoplosternum (including P.(0.) chacei).—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

284.  epicyrtus.—USA: Georgia

285.  erythrops.—USA: Florida

286.evermanni.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Mississippi

287.  fallax.—USA: Florida, Georgia

288.  franzi.—USA: Florida

289.  geminus.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana

290.  gonopodocristatus.—MEXICO: Veracruz

291.  hayi.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee

292.  hirsutus.—USA: South Carolina

293.  horsti.—USA: Florida

294.  hybus.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

295.  jaculus.—USA: Louisiana, Mississippi

296.  lecontei.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

297.  leitheuseri.—USA: Florida

298.  leonensis.—USA: Florida

299.  lepidodactylus.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina

300.  lewisi.—USA: Alabama

301.  litosternum.—USA: Georgia

302.  lophotus.—USA: Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee

303.  lucifugus alachua.—USA: Florida

304.  lucifugus lucifugus.—USA: Florida

305.  lunzi.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

306.  mancus.—USA: Mississippi

307.  marthae.—USA: Alabama

308.  medialis.—USA: North Carolina

309.  orcinus.—USA: Florida

310.  pallidus.—USA: Florida

311.  pearsei.—USA: North Carolina, South Carolina

312.  pictus.—USA: Florida

313.  planirostris.—USA: Louisiana, Mississippi

314.  plumimanus.—USA: North Carolina

315.  pubescens.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

316.  pycnogonopodus.—USA: Florida

317.  seminolae.—USA: Florida, Georgia

318.  texanus.—USA: Texas

319.  toltecae.—MEXICO: Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas

320.  verrucosus.—USA: Alabama

321.  viaeviridis.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee

322.  villalobosi.—MEXICO: San Luis Potosí

323.  xilitlae.—MEXICO: San Luis Potosí

324.  youngi.—USA: Florida

(Paracambarus)

325.  ortmanni.—MEXICO: Puebla

326.  paradoxus.—MEXICO: Puebla

(Pennides)

327.  ablusus.—USA: Mississippi, Tennessee

328.  clemmeri.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

329.  dupratzi.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas

330.  echinatus.—USA: South Carolina

331.  elegans.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi

332.  gibbus.—USA: Georgia

333.  lagniappe.—USA: Mississippi

334.  lylei.—USA: Mississippi

335.  natchitochae.—USA: Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas

336.  ouachitae.—USA: Arkansas, Mississippi

337.  penni.—USA: Louisiana, Mississippi

338.  petersi.—USA: Georgia

339.  raneyi.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

340.  roberti.—MEXICO: San Luis Potosí

341.  spiculifer.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina

342.  suttkusi.—USA: Alabama, Florida

343.  versutus.—USA: Alabama, Florida, Georgia

344.  vioscai.—USA: Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi

(Procambarus)

345.  digueti.—MEXICO: Jalisco, Michoacán

(Remoticambarus)

346.  pecki.—USA: Alabama

(Scapulicambarus)

347.  clarkii.—(BELIZE).—(BRAZIL).—(COSTARICA).—(DOMINICAN REPUBLIC).—(ECUADOR).—(EL SALVADOR).—(GUATEMALA).—(HONDURAS).—(JAPAN).—MEXICO: (Baja California Norte), (Chihuahua), (Coahuila), Nuevo León, Sonora.—(NICARAGUA).—USA: Alabama, (Arizona)?. Arkansas, (California), Florida, (Georgia), (Hawaii), (Idaho), Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, (Maryland), Mississippi, Missouri, (Nevada), (New Mexico), (North Carolina), (Ohio), Oklahoma, (Oregon), (South Carolina), Tennessee, Texas, (Utah), (Virginia).—(VENEZUELA). (See also P. (S.) clarkii in checklist for introductions on other continents and islands.)

348.  howellae.—USA: Georgia

349.  okaloosae.—USA: Alabama, Florida

350.  paeninsulanus.—USA: Florida, Georgia

351.  strenthi.—MEXICO: San Luis Potosí

352.  troglodytes.—USA: Georgia, South Carolina

(Tenuicambarus)

353.  tenuis.—Arkansas, Oklahoma

(Villalobosus)

354.  contrerasi.—MEXICO: Puebla

355.  cuetzalanae.—MEXICO: Puebla

356.  erichsoni.—MEXICO: Hidalgo

357.  hoffmanni.—MEXICO: Puebla, Veracruz

358.  hortonhobbsi.—MEXICO: Puebla

359.  riojai.—MEXICO: Hidalgo, Puebla

360.  teziutlanensis—MEXICO: Puebla, Veracruz

361.  tlapacoyanensis.—MEXICO: Veracruz

362.  xochitlanae.—MEXICO: Puebla

363.  zihuateutlensis.—MEXICO: Puebla

Troglocambarus

364.  maclanei.—USA: Florida

Family PARASTACIDAE

Parastacus

365.  brasiliensis.—BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul

366.  defossus.—BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.—URUGUAY: Montevideo

367.  laevigatus.—BRAZIL: Santa Catarina

368.  nicoleti.—CHILE: Aysen, Valdivia

369.  pilimanus.—BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.—URUGUAY: Canelones

370.  pugnax.—CHILE: Aysen, Concepción, Malleco, Nuble

371.  saffordi.—URUGUAY: Montevideo

372.  varicosus.—BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.—URUGUAY: Maldonada, Rocha

Samastacus

373.  araucanius.—CHILE: Valdivia

374.  spinifrons.—CHILE: Arauco, Concepción, Llanquihue, Nuble, Valparaíso.—ARGENTINA?: Neuquen Additional Species Described in 1987 and 1988

375.  Cambarus (Jugicambarus) aculabrum.—USA: Arkansas

376.  Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi.—USA: Alabama, Mississippi

377.  Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) gordoni.—USA: Mississippi

378.  Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) devastator.—USA: Texas

379.  Procambarus (Austrocambarus) olmecorum.—MEXICO: Veracruz

380.  Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus.—USA: Missouri

381.  Procambarus (Girardiella) ferrugineus.—USA: Arkansas

382.  Procambarus (Girardiella) regalis.—USA: Arkansas

Appendix 2

Alphabetical List of American Countries and States, or Provinces, and Their Crayfish Faunas

Only those political units in which crayfishes are known to occur are included. The bibliographic citations are to regional summary works listed in the “Literature Cited” that should be helpful in studying the caryfishes of the various areas. The numbers refer to the list of species in Appendix 1 (not to those identifying the illustrations). A question mark immediately following a number signifies that the record is believed to be in need of confirmation. Areas occupied as a result of known, virtually certain, or suspected (if followed by a question mark) introductions are noted by parentheses. The total number of species reported or known to occur in each political unit is noted in brackets following the species list.

ARGENTINA (Riek, 1971).—374? [1]

BELIZE (Villalobos, 1955,1983).—222, (347) [2]

BRAZIL (Buckup and Rossi, 1980; Riek, 1971)

Rio Grande do Sul.—(347), 365, 366, 369, 372 [5]

Santa Catarina.—367 [1]

CANADA (Crocker and Barr, 1968; Riegel, 1959)

Alberta.—171 [1]

British Columbia.—6, 7, 8 [3]

Manitoba.—166, 171 [2]

New Brunswick.—30, [1]

Ontario.—30, 89, 103, 115, 148, 149, 166, 171, 204 [9]

Quebec.—30, 149, 166, 171 [4]

Saskatchewan.—171 [1]

CHILE (Bahamonde, 1951; Holthuis, 1952; Riek, 1971).—368, 370, 373, 374 [4]

COSTA RICA.—(347) [1]

CUBA (Hobbs and Villalobos, 1964)

Camagüey.—214 [1]

Isla de Pinos.—213, 214 [2]

La Habana.—214 [1]

Las Villas.—214 [1]

Matanzas.—214 [1]

Oriente.—214 [1]

Pinar del Río.—214, 215, 219 [3]

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC.—(347) [1]

ECUADOR.—(347) [1]

EL SALVADOR.—(347) [1]

GUATEMALA (Villalobos, 1955, 1983).—216, 222, 229, (347) [4]

HONDURAS (Villalobos, 1955, 1983).—229,(347) [2]

MEXICO (Villalobos, 1955, 1983)

Baja California Norte.—(171), (347) [2]

Campeche.—216 [1]

Chiapas.—212, 216, 218, 222, 226 [5]

Chihuahua.—12, (171), (347) [3]

Coahuila.—10, (347) [2]

Distrito Federal.—13 [1]

Guanojuato.—13 [1]

Hidalgo.—13, 276, 319, 356, 359 [5]

Jalisco.—11, 13, 16, 345 [4]

Mexico.—13 [1]

Michoacán.—11, 13, 14, 15, 273, 345 [6]

Morelos.—17 [1]

Nuevo León.—9, 244, 347 [3]

Oaxaca.—212, 220, 221 [3]

Puebla.—276, 281, 325, 326, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359, 360, 362, 363 [12]

Quintana Roo.—222 [1]

San Luis Potosí.—276, 319, 322, 323, 340, 351 [6]

Sinaloa.—14 [1]

Sonora.—(347) [1]

Tabasco.—216 [1]

Tamaulipas.—244, 276, 319 [3]

Veracruz.—212, 216, 217, 221, 224, 225, 227, 228, 230, 276, 290, 357, 360, 361, 379 [15]

Yucatán.—216 [1]

NICARAGUA.—(347) [1]

VENEZUELA.—(347) [1]

UNITED STATES

Alabama (Hobbs, 1942b, 1968b, 1969b, 1981).—18, 20, 21, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 49, 57, 58, 62, 65, 76, 86, 88, 89, 91, 95, 104, 112, 114, 115, 116?, 118, 127, 133, 143, 160, 162, 163, 165, 166, 170, (171), 177, 178, 186, 194, 200, 206, 239, 261, 263, 264, 271, 274, 275, 279?, 286, 291, 294, 296, 300, 302, 307, 320, 321, 328, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 347, 349, 376 [72]

Arizona (Penn and Hobbs, 1958; Reimer, 1969).—(160a), (171?), (347) [3]

Arkansas (Penn, 1959, Reimer, 1969; Williams, 1954; Bouchard and Robison, 1981).—18, 23, 27, 52, 72, 87, 89, 90, 113, 115, 116, 120, 121, 122, 124, 126, 127?, 128?, 137, 138, 140, 141, 144, 147, (160a?), 166, 171, 174, 184, 188, 189, 190, 191, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 201, 207, 210, 237, 241, 242, 245, 246, 247, 275, 289, 321, 329, 331, 335, 336, 344, 347, 353, 375, 381, 382 [60]

California (Bouchard, 1980a; Eng and Daniels, 1982; Riegel, 1959).—3, 4?, 5, 6, (7), (8)?, (171), (275), (347) [9]

Colorado (Engle, 1926; Unger, 1978).—89, 160a, 166, 171, 197, 246 [6]

Connecticut (Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979).—30, 103, 158, (166)?, (171)?, (204)?, (275) [7]

Delaware (Bouchard, 1982; Francois, 1959; Meredith and Schwartz, 1960).—30, 89, 158, 275 [4]

District of Columbia (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960).—30, 89, 158,(171) [4]

Florida (Hobbs, 1942b, 1981).—19, 24, 43, 45, 49, 75, 89, 112, 116?, 127, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 275, 279, 282, 285, 286, 287, 288, 293, 297, 298, 303, 304, 309, 310, 312, 316, 317, 324, 341, 342, 343, 347, 349, 350, 364 [55]

Georgia (Hobbs, 1981).—(18)?, 30, 32, 33, 37, 39, 41, 42, 43, 47, 49, 50, 51, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 73, 75, 76, 81, 83, 86, 88, 89, 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 101, 104, 109, 116?, 127, 143, 186, 206, 248, 249, 251, 256, 257, 260, 268, 269, 274, 275, 278, 283, 284, 287, 301, 302, 305, 315, 317, 332, 338, 339, 341, 343, (347), 348, 350, 352 [69]

Hawaii.—(347), [1]

Idaho (Riegel, 1959).—1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, (347) [8]

Illinois (Page, 1985b).—18, 23, 54?, 56, 57?, 89, 103, 115, 145, 149, 154, 157, 166, 171, 200, 204, 208, 210, 238, 275, 321, 347 [22]

Indiana (Page, 1985b; Hobbs III and Jass, 1988).—34, 54, 89, 103, 115, 149, 157, 166, 171, 181, 182, 202, 204, 209, 238, 275, 347 [17]

Iowa (Phillips, 1980, 1981).—89, 149, 166, 171, 204, 238, 275 [7]

Kansas (Williams and Leonard, 1952).—89, 140, 160a, 166, 168, 171, 190, 197, 238?, 246?, 275 [11]

Kentucky (Burr and Hobbs, 1984; Ortmann, 1931; Rhoades, 1944a).—18, 23, 26, 30, 32, 34, 40, 48, 49, 54?, 55, 56, 57, 68, 74, 76, 77, 83, 89, 93, 96, 103, 106, 115, 141, 142, 146, 150, 152, 155, 162, 166, 171, 179, 181, 183, 185, 200, 202, 204, 208, 210, 275, 321, 347 [45]

Louisiana (Penn, 1952a, 1956b, 1959; Penn and Marlow, 1959).—18, 23, 89, 90, 116, 118, 120, 123, 125, 127, 128, 136, 139, 140, 141, 172, 174, 175, 176, 210, 232, 246, 247, 271, 275, 279, 289, 295, 313, 321, 329, 331, 335, 337, 344, 347 [36]

Maine (Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979).—158, (166)?, (171)?, (204)?, (275) [5]

Maryland (Meredith and Schwartz, 1960).—30, 77, 89, 92, 119, 148, 158, (171), 275, (347) [10]

Massachusetts (Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979, 1988).—30, 149, 158, (166)?, (171)?, (204)?, (275) [7]

Michigan (Creaser, 1931b).—89, 103, 115, 149, 166, 171, 204, 275 [8]

Minnesota (Creaser, 1932, Page, 1985b; Hobbs III and Jass, 1988).—89, 149, 166, 171, 204, 275 [6]

Mississippi (Hobbs, 1942b, 1981; see also references for Louisiana).—18, 20, 21, 23, 49, 62?, 89, 90, 112, 114, 115?, 116, 118, 127, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 139, 141, 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 167, (171), 177, 210, 211, 234, 235, 236, 239, 240, 243, 271, 274, 275, 279, 286, 291, 294, 295, 296, 306, 313, 321, 327, 328, 331, 333, 334, 336, 337, 341, 344, 347, 376, 377 [63]

Missouri (Gardner, 1986; Page, 1985b; Pflieger, 1987a, b; Williams, 1954).—18, 52, 53, 84, 89, 115, 128?, 135, 141, 144, 147, 160a?, 166, 171, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 203, 207, 210, 238, 275, 321, 347, 380 [32]

Montana (Riegel, 1959).—4, 166, 171 [3]

Nebraska (Reimer, 1969; Unger, 1978; Williams, 1954).—89, 166, 171, 197 [4]

Nevada (Engle, 1926; Reimer, 1969; Riegel, 1959).—4, (7), (8), (347) [4]

New Hampshire (Aiken, 1965; Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979).—158, (166)?, (171)?, (204)? [4]

New Jersey (Bouchard, 1982; Francois, 1959).—30, 89, 158, (171), (204), 275 [6]

New Mexico (Penn and Hobbs, 1958; Reimer, 1969).—(160a), (171?), 173, (204), 246, (347) [6]

New York (Crocker, 1957).—30, 103, 148, 149, 158, 166, 171, (204), 275 [9]

North Carolina (Bouchard, 1976a, 1976b; Hobbs, 1968b, 1969b, 1981; Ortmann, 1931).—30, 32, 36, 43, 46, 59, 63, 64, 67, 71, 77, 81, 89, 92, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 119, 156, 275, 277, 280, 299, 308, 311, 314, (347) [29]

North Dakota (Phillips, 1980; Hobbs III and Jass, 1988).—89, 166, 171 [3]

Ohio (Jezerinac and Thoma, 1984; Rhoades, 1944a, 1944b; Turner, 1926).—31, 32, 34, 35, 89, 103, 115, 148, 149, 152, 166, 171, 204, 209, 275, (347) [16]

Oklahoma (Creaser and Ortenberger, 1933; Dunlap, 1951; Reimer, 1969).—84?, 85, 89, 116, 126, 127?, 137, 140, 160a, 168, 171, 174, 188, 193, 195, 197, 205, 237, 238?, 246, 275, 347, 353 [23]

Oregon (G.C. Miller, 1960; Riegel, 1959).—1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, (197), (347) [8]

Pennsylvania (Ortmann, 1906b).—30, 77, 80, 89, 103, 148, 149, 158, (171), (204)?, 275 [11]

Rhode Island (Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979).—30, 158, (166)?, (171)?, (275) [5]

South Carolina (Hobbs, 1968b, 1969b, 1981; Ortmann, 1931).—30, 43, 46, 47, 49, (63), 67, 71, 81, 89, 92, 94, 105, 108, 110, 111, 119, 127, 260, 275, 277, 280, 283, 292, 299, 305, 311, 315, 330, 339, 341, (347), 352 [33]

South Dakota (Phillips, 1980; Page, 1985b).—89, 166, 171 [3]

Tennessee (Bouchard, 1972b, 1976a, 1976b, 1978a; Hobbs, 1969b, 1981; Ortmann, 1931).—18, 23, 26, 28, 30, 32, 37, 38, 40, 43, 48, 49, 56, 57, 62, 63, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 88, 89, 90, 93, 95, 96, 97, 103, 107, 115, 116?, 117, 141, 143, 153, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 169, 170, (171), 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 194, 200, 202, (204)?, 206, 210, 275, 291, 302, 321, 327, 347 [71]

Texas (Penn and Hobbs, 1958).—18, 22, 23, 25, 89, 90, 116, 123, 125, 127, 140, 160a, 168?, 171?, 174, 176, 197, 210, 231, 232, 233, 237, 238?, 246, 275, 318, 329, 335, 347, 378 [30]

Utah (Riegel, 1959; Johnson, 1986).—4, (7)?, (171), (347) [4] Vermont (Crocker, 1979; D.G. Smith, 1979).—30, 149, 158, (166)?, (171)?, (204)? [6]

Virginia (Hobbs, 1968b, 1969b; Meredith and Schwartz, 1960; Ortmann, 1931).—30, 32, 35, 59, 63, 64, 77, 80, 83, 89, 92, 103, 106, 119, 143, 148, 156, 158, (171), 186, 206?, 275, (347) [23]

Washington (G.C. Miller, 1960; Riegel, 1959).—4, 6, 7, 8, (152) [5]

West Virginia (Lawton, 1979; Ortmann, 1931).—30, 31, 32, 35, 59, 64, 77, 88, 80, 89, 100, 103, 106, 115, 148, 151, 152, 158, (171), (204)?, 206? [20]

Wisconsin (Hobbs III and Jass, 1988; Creaser, 1932).—89, 115?, 149, 166, 171, 204, 238, 275 [8]

Wyoming (Creaser, 1932; Feldmann et al., 1981; Packard, 1880; Riegel, 1959).—4, 166, 171, 223 [4]

URUGUAY (Amestoy, 1983; Buckup and Rossi, 1980; Riek, 1971)

Canelones.—369 [1]

Maldonada.—372 [1]

Montevideo.—366 371 [2]

Appendix 3

Alphabetical List of American Crayfishes Described during 1987 and 1988

Descriptions of the species listed here appeared after the manuscript had been completed. Moreover, arrangements of the illustrations of the previously described crayfishes had already been accomplished, and new ones could not be properly inserted among them.

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) aculabrum Hobbs and Brown

FIGURE 375

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) aculabrum Hobbs and Brown, 1987:1040, figs. 1, 2a–c,e,j,n.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 219149, 219150, 219151 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Logan Cave, about 11 km east of Siloam Springs, Benton County, Arkansas (Gallatin Quadrangle, T. 18N, R. 32W, Sec. 33; 36°11′50″N, 94°22′50″W).

RANGE.—Known from only two localities in Benton County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Subterranean waters.

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 376

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi Fitzpatrick, 1987b:433, figs. 1, 2a–d.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 206881, 206882, 206883 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM, MMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hillside Sarracenia bog, Greene County, Mississippi (E art, Sec. 21, T. 4N, R. 5W).

RANGE.—Chickasawhay and Escatawpa river basins in Alabama and Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows in Sarracenia bogs (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) gordoni Fitzpatrick

FIGURE 377

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) gordoni Fitzpatrick, 1987b:439, figs. 2e–i, 3.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, USNM 206877, 206878 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM, MMNH.

TYPE LOCALITY.—DeSoto National Forest, Camp Shelby Military Reservation, Perry County, Mississippi (SE art, NE art, SE art, Sec. 5, T. 2N, R. 10W).

RANGE.—Known only from the Pascagoula River basin in the DeSoto National Forest, Perry County, Mississippi.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) devastator Hobbs and Whiteman

FIGURE 378

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) devastator Hobbs and Whiteman, 1987:403, figs. 1, 2.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 218546, 218547, 218548 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Angelina County Airport in Burke Community, about 5 miles (8 km) south of Lufkin, Angelina County, Texas.

RANGE.—Neches River basin in eastern Texas.

HABITAT.—Burrows (primary burrower).

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) olmecorum Hobbs

FIGURE 379

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) olmecorum Hobbs, 1987:208, fig. 3.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 217626, 217627, 217628 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Arroyo to Río Metlac near “edge” of Fortín de Las Flores, Veracruz, Mexico.

RANGE.—Basins of the Atoyac and Jamapa rivers at elevations of 800 to 1600 meters, Veracruz, Mexico.

HABITAT.—Lentic and lotic situations.

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs and Pflieger

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs and Pflieger, 1988:644, figs. 1–3.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, morphotype, USNM 219292, 219293, 219280 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, Ronald D. Oesch, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Hazel Creek at Route C, 8 miles (12.8 km) northeast of Courtois, Washington County, Missouri (T. 36N, R. 1W, SE art, Sec. 24).

RANGE.—Meramec River basin in eastern Missouri.

HABITAT.—Streams.

Procambarus (Girardiella) ferrugineus Hobbs and Robison

Procambarus (Girardiella) ferrugineus Hobbs and Robison, 1988:391, figs. 1, 2, 12, 15.

TYPES.—Holotype and allotype, USNM 218841, 218842 (male I, female); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—Roadside ditch 10 miles (16 km) south of Lonoke on State Route 31, Lonoke County, Arkansas (T. 1S, R. 8W, Sec. 6).

RANGE.—Known from only two localities in Lonoke County, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Has been taken only from simple burrows.

Procambarus (Girardiella) regalis Hobbs and Robison

Procambarus (Girardiella) regalis Hobbs and Robison, 1988:398, figs. 3, 4, 14, 15.

TYPES.—Holotype, allotype, and morphotype, USNM 219244, 219245, 219246 (male I, female, male II); paratypes, USNM.

TYPE LOCALITY.—DeAnn Cemetery, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the junction of State Routes 19 and 24, on latter, at western city limit of Prescott, Nevada County, Arkansas (T. 11S, R. 22W, Sec. 8).

RANGE.—Ouachita and Red River basins of Nevada, Howard, and Sevier counties, Arkansas.

HABITAT.—Simple burrows and temporary pools.

Literature Cited

Abbott, Charles C.

1873.   Notes on the Habits of Certain Crawfish. American Naturalist, 7:80–84.

Adams, Charles C.

1901.   Baseleveling and Its Faunal Significance, with Illustrations from Southeastern United States. American Naturalist, 35:839–852, figures 1–5.

1907.   The Crawfishes of the State of Pennsylvania. [Review.] Science, 25(649):897–901.

Aiken, David E.

1965.   Distribution and Ecology of Three Species of Crayfish from New Hampshire. American Midland Naturalist, 73(1):240–244.

Airaksinen, Mauno, Eeva-Liisa Valkama, and Ossi V. Lindqvist

1978.   Distribution of DDT in the Crayfish Astacus astacus L. in Acute Test. In Ossi V. Lindqvist, editor. Freshwater Crayfish 3, pages 349–356, 1 figure. Kuopio, Finland: University of Kuopio.

Albaugh, Douglas W.

1973.   Life Histories of the Crayfishes Procambarus acutus and Procambarus hinei in Texas, xiii + 135 pages, figures 1–28. Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University, College Station.

1975.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus, Subgenus Capillicambarus, from Texas, with Notes on the Distribution of the Subgenus. Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19(1, 2):1–7, figures 1, 2.

Albaugh, Douglas W., and Joe B. Black

1973.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Cambarellus from Texas, with New Texas Distributional Records for the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Southwestern Naturalist, 18(2):177–185, figures 1, 2.

Amestoy Rosso, Fernando J.

1983.   Reproducción de dos especies del género Parastacus (Crustacea, Decapoda), bajo condiciones controladas y su evaluación potencial para la acuicultura. Contribuciones (Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay), 1(1):1–11, figures 1–3.

Amestoy Rosso, Fernando J., and Oscar D. Pin Isasmendi

1984.   Datos preliminares sobre crecimiento y mortalidad de Parastacus varicosus y Parastacus pilimanus (Crustacea; Decapoda; Parastacidae) en laboratorio. Contribuciones (Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay), 1(5):1–12, figures 1–4.

Andrews, E.A.

1908a. The Annulus of a Mexican Crayfish. Biological Bulletin, 14(3): 121–133, figures 1–10.

1908b. The Sperm-Receptacle in the Crayfishes, Cambarus cubensis and C. paradoxus. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 10:167–185, figures 1–12.

1910.   The Anatomy of the Stylets of Cambarus and of Astacus. Biological Bulletin, 18:78–97, figures 1–28.

Anonymous

1861.   Catalogue of the Trowbridge Collection of Natural History in the Museum of the University of Michigan. iv + 32 pages. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

1927.   Report on Propagation of Fisheries. Fishery Agency, Agricultural Department of Japan, 4:258–269, 2 unnumbered figures. [Known only from translation of the original Japanese.]

1965.   Entry number 91537: Studies of the Eyestalk, Metabolism, and Molting and Reproductive Cycles in a Cave Crayfish [Orconectes pellacious], by Thomas Cyril Jegla. Biological Abstracts, 46(20):7360.

1967a. A Biological Survey of the Savannah River Sub-Basin February-March, 1967. 11 pages + appendix. Atlanta, Georgia: United States Department of the Interior, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, Southeast Region.

1967b. A Biological Survey of the Suwannee River Basin 1966–1967. 17 pages. Atlanta, Georgia: United States Department of the Interior, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, Southeast Region.

1969.   Dalton Water Quality Survey. 63 pages, 16 figures, appendices A–E. Atlanta: Georgia Water Quality Control Board.

1970.   Coosa River Basin Study. 226 pages, 11 figures. Atlanta: Georgia Water Quality Control Board.

1971.   Chattahoochee River Basin Study. 206 pages, 4 figures. Atlanta: Georgia Water Quality Control Board.

1972.   The Crayfish Pasifasticus [sic] leniusculus in Natural Aquatic Weed Control. 7 pages, 1 figure, 5 photographs. Walla Walla, Washington: United States Army Engineer District, Walla Walla, Washington.

1973a. Water Quality Investigation of Tennessee River Basin in Georgia. 76 pages, 10 figures. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection Division.

1973b. Rare and Endangered Animals of North Carolina. In Preliminary List of Endangered Plant and Animal Species in North Carolina, pages 2–3. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources.

1976.   Those on the Brink of Doom: A Study of Rare Fishes in the Shawnee National Forest. iv + 29 pages, illustrated. A Cooperative Project of the Illinois Natural History Survey and the Forest Service, Eastern Region.

1978.   The Magnificent Foragers. 223 pages, illustrated. Washington: Smithsonian Exposition Books.

1987a. Crayfish Taxonomist in Arkansas USA. international Association of Astacology Newsletter, 9(4):4.

1987b. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) Xilitlae. Notes on the Crayfish Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitae [sic] (Decapoda: Cambaridae). [Abstract]. Referativn’ii Zhurnal, Biologiya, 8(O4D):22.

Appelberg, Magnus P.A.

1983.   Response of Acid Stress upon the Oxygen Uptake in Eggs of the Crayfish Astacus astacus L. In Charles R. Goldman, editor, Freshwater Crayfish V, pages 59–70, 5 figures. Westport, Connecticut: AVI Publishing Company, Inc.

Avault, James W., Jr.

1973.   Crayfish Farming in the United States. In Sture Abrahamsson, editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 240–250. Lund: Studentlitteratur.

Avault, James W., Jr., and Jay V. Huner

1985.   Crawfish Culture in the United States. In J.V. Huner and E. Evan Brown, editors, Crustacean and Mollusk Aquaculture in the United States, pages 1–61, 20 figures. Westport, Connecticut: AVI Publishing Company, Inc.

Bartcescu, Mihai C.

1967.   Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Crustacea, Decapoda. Academia Republicii Socialiste Romania, 4(9):1–353, 141 figures.

Bahamonde N., Nibaldo

1951.   Nuevos datos sobre el Parastacus spinifrons (Philippi) 1882 (1). Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, 25:85–96, 7 unnumbered figures.

1958.   Sobre la validez taxonómica de Parastacus nicoleti (Philippi), 1882, y algunos aspectos de su biología. Investigaciones Zoológicas Chilenas, 4:183–198, figures 1–18.

Balss, Heinrich

1944.   Decapoda, III Morphologischer Teil, in H. G. Bronn, Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs, Band V, Abteilung I, Buch 7, Lieferang 3, pages 321–480, texubb. 361–516.

Barr, Thomas C., Jr.

1967.   Ecological Studies in the Mammoth Cave System of Kentucky, I: The Biota. International Journal of Speleology, 3:147–204, plates 37–64.

Ban, Thomas C. Jr., and John R. Holsinger

1971.   Biogeography of Troglobites. National Speleological Society Bulletin, 33(3):115–118.

Barrera-Mera, B.

1973.   Actividad de las interneuronas de respuesta sostenida del nervio óptico del acocil (procambarus bouvieri Ortmann) provocada por lesión del ganglio cerebroide. Boletín de Estudios Médicos y Biológicos, 28(1):42–243.

Bick, George H., Lothar E. Hornuff, and Edward N. Lambremont

1953.   An Ecological Reconnaissance of a Naturally Acid Stream in Southern Louisiana. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 28(3):221:231, 2 figures.

Birstein, J.A., and LG. Vinogradow

1934.   Die Süsswasserdecapoden der UdSSR und ihre geographische Vetbreituhng [sic] (Vorläufige Mitteilung). Zoologisheskii Zhurnal, Moscow, 13:39–70, figures 1–26. [Russian with German Summary.]

Black, Joe B.

1967.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Cambarus from Southwest Louisiana (Decapoda; Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80:173–178, 12 figures.

1968.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 15(1):5–9, 12 figures.

1969.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Hobbseus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82(14):193–199.12 figures.

Blewett, Charles, and Albert F. Eble

1979.   Cytology and Cytochemistry of Hemocytes from the Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. In D.H. Lewis and J.K. Leong, compilers. Proceedings of the Second Biennial Crustacean Health Workshop, pages 38–54, 7 figures. College Station, Texas: Texas A.&M. University.

Bott, Richard

1950.   Die Flusskrebse Europas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Abhandlungen der Bouchard, Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 483: 36 pages, 25 figures, 6 plates.

Bouchard, Raymond W.

1972a. A New Genus of Crayfish from Kentucky and Tennessee (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae). [Abstract.] ASB Bulletin, 19(2):56.

1972b. A Contribution to the Knowledge of Tennessee Crayfish, vi + 113 pages, figures 1, 2. Doctoral dissertation. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

1973a. A New Crayfish of the Subgenus Jugicambarus from Tennessee with an Emended Definition of the Subgenus (Astacidae, Decapoda). American Midland Naturalist, 89(1): 103–111. figure 1.

1973b. Cambarus buntingi, a New Species of Puncticambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Kentucky and Tennessee. American Midland Naturalist, 90(2):406–412, figure 1.

1976a Geography and Ecology of Crayfishes of the Cumberland Plateau and Cumberland Mountains, Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, Part I: The Genera Procambarus and Orconectes. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages Bouchard 563–584, 1 figure. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State 1981 University Division of Continuing Education.

1976b. Geography and Ecology of Crayfishes of the Cumberland Plateau and Cumberland Mountains, Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama, Part II: The Genera Fallicambarus and Cambarus. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor. Freshwater Crayfish, pages 585–605, 1 figure. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Division of Continuing Education.

1976c. Crayfishes and Shrimps. In Herbert Boschung, editor. Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals of Alabama. Bulletin of the Alabama Museum Natural History, 2:13–20, 2 figures.

1977a. Taxonomy and Biology of Orconectes transfuga in the Rogue River System, Oregon (Decapoda Cambaridae). [Abstract.] ASB Bulletin, 24(2):38.

1977b. Morphology of the Mandible in Holarclic Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae): Ecological and Phylogenetic implications. [Abstract.] ASB Bulletin, 24(2):38.

1978a. Taxonomy, Ecology and Phylogeny of the Subgenus Depressicambarus, with the Description of a New Species from Florida and Redescriptions of Cambarus graysoni, Cambarus latimanus and Cambarus striatus (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 3:27–60, figures 1–14.

1978b. Morphology of the Mandible in Holarctic Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae): Ecological and Phylogenetic Implications. In Ossi V. Lindqvist, editor, Freshwater Crayfish 3, pages 425–452, 5 figures. Kuopio, Finland: University of Kuopio.

1978c. Distribution, Systematic Status and Ecological Notes on Five Poorly Known Species of Crayfishes in Western North America (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae). In Ossi V. Lindqvist, editor, Freshwater Crayfish 3, pages 409–423, 2 figures. Kuopio, Finland: University of Kuopio.

1978d. Cover photograph in Fisheries [a bulletin of the American Fisheries Society], 3(6).

1980a. Distribution, Systematic Status and Ecological Notes on Five Poorly Known Species of Crayfishes in Western North America (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae). [Reprinted, with alterations but same pagination, from Bouchard, 1978c.]

1980b. Morphology of the Mandible in Holarctic Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae): Ecological and Phylogenetic implications. [Reprinted, with alterations but same pagination from Bouchard, 1978b.]

1982.   The Freshwater Malacostracan Crustaceans of New Jersey. In William J. Cromartie, editor. New Jersey's Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals, pages 83–100. Pomona, New Jersey: Stockton State College Center for Environmental Research.

Bouchard, Raymond W., and Judith W. Bouchard

1967a. Orconectes saxatilis, a New Species of Crayfish from Eastern Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 88(4):439–445, figure 1.

1967b. Orconectes etnieri, a New Species of Crayfish from Western Tennessee and Northern Mississippi with Notes on Procambarus ablusus and Orconectes wrighti. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 88(43):459–468, figures 1, 2.

Bouchard, Raymond W., and David A. Etnier

1979.   A New Species of Primary Burrowing Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from the Ridge and Valley Province in Tennessee. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 92(3):589–600, figures 1, 2.

Bouchard, Raymond W., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1976.   A New Subgenus and Two New Species of Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Southeastern United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 224:1–15, figures 1–3.

Bouchard, Raymond W., and Henry W. Robison

1981.   An Inventory of the Decapod Crastaceans (Crayfishes and Shrimps) of Arkansas with a Discussion of Their Habitats. Proceedings of the Arkansas Academy of Science, 34:22–30, figures 1, 2.

Bouvier, E.L.

1897.   Sur les Cambarus recueillis au Mexique par M. Diguet. Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, 3(6):224–228.

1940.   Faune de France, 37, Décapodes marcheurs. 404 pages, 222 figures, 14 plates. Paris: Paul Le Chevalier et Fils.

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1956.   A Laboratory Culture Method for Crayfish. Ecology, 37(3):613–614.

Bowkiewicz, Jan

1926.   Zjawisko heterochelji u Potamobius astacus (L.) heterochelie bei flusskrebsen, Prace towarzystwa przyjaciól nauk w wilnie, Wydzial nauk matematycznych i przyrodniczych. Travaux de la Société des Sciences et des Lettres de Vilno, Classe des Sciences Mathématiques et Naturelles, 3(9):1–13, 2 plates.

Brimley, C.S.

1938.   The Insects of North Carolina, Being a List of the Insects of North Carolina and Their Close Relatives. 560 pages. Raleigh: North Carolina Department of Agriculture.

Brinck, P.

1968.   In Opinion 855 of the International Committee on Zoological Nomenclature, Astacus oreganus Randall, 1840 (Crustacea, Decapoda): Suppressed under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 25(2/3):84–85.

Brodsky, S. Ya.

1973.   River Crayfish (Crustacea Astacidae) of the Soviet Union, I: Specific Composition and Intraspecific Division of the Family Astacidae. Vyestnik Zoologii, 4:49–53.

1981.   [Malacostraca: Crayfishes]. In Fauna Ukrainy [Fauna of the Ukraine], 26(3):210 pages, figures 1–92. Kiev: Academy of Science of the Ukrainian RSR, Institute of Zoology I.I. Shmlgauzena. [In Ukranian.]

1983.   On the Systematics of Palaearctic Crayfishes (Crustacea, Astacidae). In Charles R. Goldman, editor, Freshwater Crayfish V, pages 464–470. Westport, Connecticut: AVI Publishing Company.

Brown, D.J., and K. Bowler

1978.   A Population Study of the British Freshwater Crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet). In Ossi V. Lindqvist, editor, Freshwater Crayfish 3, pages 33–49, 5 figures. Kuopio, Finland: University of Kuopio.

Brown, Karen

1981.   Low Genetic Variability and High Similarities in the Crayfish Genera Cambarus and Procambarus. American Midland Naturalist, 105(2):225–232, figure 1.

Brown, Paul L.

1956.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Illinois (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 56(1):163–167, 9 figures.

Buckup, Ludwig, and Ana Rossi

1980.   O gênero Parastacus no Brasil (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae). Revista Brasilerira Biología, 40(4):663–681, figures 1–21.

Buikema, A.L., Jr., and E.F. Benfield

1979.   Effects of Pollution on Freshwater Invertebrates. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 51(6):1708–1717.

Bundy, W.F.

1876.   [Contribution.] In S.A. Forbes, List of Illinois Crustacea, with Descriptions of New Species. Bulletin of the Illinois Museum of Natural History, 1:3, 4, 5, 24–25.

1877.   On the Cambari of Northern Indiana. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 29:171–174.

1882.   A List of the Crustacea of Wisconsin, with Notes on Some New or Little Known Species. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 5(1877–1881):177–184.

1883.   The Crustacean Fauna of Wisconsin, with Descriptions of Little Known Species of Cambarus. Geology of Wisconsin, Survey of 1873–1879, 1:402–405.

Burr, Brooks M., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1984.   Additions to the Crayfish Fauna of Kentucky, with New Locality Records for Cambarellus shufeldtii. Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science, 45(1–2):14–18.

Cabantous, Marcel A.

1976.   Introduction and Rearing of Pacifastacus at the Research Center of Les Clouzioux 18450 Brinon S/Sauldre, France, in James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 49–53. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Division of Continuing Education.

Caine, Edsel A.

1974.   Adaptations to Species-specific Habitats by Epigean and Troglobitic Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae). iii + 85 pages, 7 figures. Doctoral dissertation, Florida State University, Tallahassee.

Campos Gonzalez, Ernesto

1982.   Distribución geográfica, ciclo de vida y habitos de Procambarus simulans regiomontanus Villalobos en el Estado de Nuevo León, México. 45 + 5 unnumbered pages, 8 photographs, 2 figures. Thesis, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas), Monterrey, Mexico.

Compos Gonzalez, Emesto, and Salvador Contreras Balderas

1985.   First Record of Orconectes virilis (Hagen) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) from México. Crustaceana, 49(2):218–219.

Carlisle, David B., and Francis Knowles

1959.   Endocrine Control in Crustaceans. Cambridge Monographs in Experimental Biology, 10: vii + 120 pages, 18 figures, 5 plates.

Cary, L.R., and M.H. Spaulding

1909.   Further Contributions to the Marine Fauna of the Louisiana Coast. 21 pages. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State Board of Agriculture and Immigration.

Castro, Celestino

1966.   El camarón de Río Norte Cryphiops caementarius (Molina). Estudios Oceanológicos (Universidad de Chile), 2:11–19, plates 1–3.

Chambers, Carlene L., James F. Payne, and Michael L. Kennedy

1979.   Geographic Variation in the Dwarf Crayfish Cambarellus puer Hobbs (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Crustaceana, 36(l):39–55, figures 1–8.

1980.   Geographic Variation in the First Pleopod of the Form I Male Dwarf Crayfish, Cambarellus puer Hobbs (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Crustaceana, 38(2):169–177, 4 figures.

Chappuis, P.A.

1927.   Die Tierwelt der unterirdischen Gewässer. In August Thienemann, Die Binnengewässer, 3: 175 pages, 62 figures, 4 plates. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.

Chea, Min-Long, James W. Avault, Jr., and Jerry B. Graves

1979.   Some Effects of Thirteen Rice Pesticides on Crawfish Procambarus clarkii and P. acutus acutus. In Pierre-J. Laurent, editor, Freshwater Crayfish IV, pages 349–361. Thonon-les-Bains, France: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.

Chidester, F.E.

1908.   Notes on the Daily Life and Food of Cambarus bartonius bartoni. American Naturalist, 42:710–716.

Cockerell, T.D.A., and Wilmatte Porter

1900.   A New Crayfish from New Mexico. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 52:434–435, 1 figure.

Coleman, Marilyn A.

1972.   A New Method for Monitoring Respiration in Crayfish. Revista de Biología, 8(1–4):21–26, 2 figures.

Comeaux, Malcolm L.

1976.   Historical Development of the Crayfish Industry in the United States. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 609–619. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Division of Continuing Education.

Cooper, John E.

1975.   Ecological and Behavioral Studies in Shelta Cave, Alabama, with Emphasis on Decapod Crustaceans. 364 pages, figures 1–33. Doctoral dissertation, University of Kentucky, Lexington.

Cooper, John E., and Martha R. Cooper

1968.   America's Most Spectacular Crayfish. Kentucky Happy Hunting Ground, 24(l):19–20, illustrated

Cooper, John E., and Thomas L Poulson

1968.   A Guide for Biological Collecting in Caves. NSS News, 26(9):127–138, figures 1–25.

Cooper, Martha R., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1980.   New and Little-known Crayfishes of the virilis Section of Genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Southeastern United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 320: iii + 44 pages, figures 1–13.

Cope, Edward D.

1871.   On Three Extinct Astaci from the Fresh-Water Territory of Idaho. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 11:605–607.

1872.   On the Wyandotte Cave and Its Fauna. American Naturalist, 6(7):406–422.

1881.   Orconectes hamulatus. In E.D. Cope and A.S. Packard, Jr., The Fauna of the Nickajack Cave American Naturalist, 15:881–882, plate 7: figure 1.

Cottle, T.J.

1863.   On the Two Species of Astacus Found in Upper Canada. Canadian Journal of Industry, Science, and Arts, new series, 45:216–219.

Covich, A.P.

1976.   Selective Predation by Crayfish on Gastropods. In Abstracts of Papers Presented at 24th Annual Meeting of the North American Benthological Society, page 5.

Craelius, William

1976.   The Distribution of Gaba Sensitivity on Crayfish Muscle Receptor Organs. Journal of Physiology, 263(3):405–516, figures 1–6.

Creaser. Edwin P.

1931a. Three New Crayfishes (Cambarus) from Puebla and Missouri. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 224: 10 pages, 17 figures.

1931b. The Michigan Decapod Crutaceans. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters, 13:257–276, figures 31–40.

1932.   The Decapod Crustaceans of Wisconsin. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 27:321–338, figures 1–13.

1933a. Seasonal Changes in the Male Population of Faxonius propinquus (Girard). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 253:1–9.

1933b. Descriptions of Some New and Poorly Known Species of North American Crayfishes. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 275: 21 pages, 2 plates.

1934a. A Faunistic Area of Five Isolated Species of Crayfish in Southeastern Missouri. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 278: 8 pages, figure 1.

1934b. A New Crayfish from North Carolina. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 285: 4 pages, figures 1–3.

1962.   Notes on Homologies and Genetic Relationships in the Cambarine Crayfishes. 7 pages, 22 figures. [Privately printed]

Creaser, Edwin P., and A.I. Ortenburger

1933.   The Decapod Crusuceans of Oklahoma. Publications of the University of Oklahoma Biological Survey, 5(2): 14–47, 33 figures.

Crenshaw, Larry I., Daniel E. Lemons, and Karen E. Russo

1980.   Crayfish Behavior in Relation to Power Plants. In Charles H. Hocutt, et al., Power Plants, Effects on Fish and Shellfish Behavior, pages 241–259, 3 figures. New York: Academic Press.

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1957.   The Crayfishes of New York State (Decapoda, Astacidae). New York State Museum and Science Service Bulletin, 355:97 pages, frontispiece, figures 1–7, 5 plates.

1979.   The Crayfishes of New England. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 92(2):225–253, figures 1–7.

Crocker, Denton W., and David W. Barr

1968.   Handbook of the Crayfishes of Ontario, xiii + 158 pages, 87 figures. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, by University of Toronto Press.

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1958.   Panbiogeography, or an Introductory Synthesis of Zoogeography, Phylogeography and Geology with Notes on Evolution, Systematics, Ecology, Anthropology, etc. Volume I (The New World), xxxi + 1018 pages, 119 figures. [Distributed by Wheldon and Wesley, Ltd., Nr. Hitchin, Herts, England.]

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1982.   Cave Life—Evolution and Ecology, ix + 189 pages. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

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1852–1855. Crustacea, Part I. In United States Exploring Expedition, During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N., 13: viii + 685 pages (1852), with a folio atlas of 96 plates (1855).

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1942.   Report of a Biological Reconnaissance of the New Discovery in Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, January 7–11, 1941. National Speleological Society Bulletin, 4:48–52.

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1844.   Zoology of New York or the New York Fauna, Part 6: Crustacea. In Natural History of New York, 1: 70 pages, 13 plates. Albany: Carroll and Cook.

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1972.   Geographic Variation in the Primary Burrowing Crayfish, Cambarus dubius Faxon and Cambarus carolinus (Erichson) (Decapoda: Astacidae) in Tennessee with Notes on Ecology and Life History, vii + 76 pages, 16 figures. Master's thesis. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Dimond, John B., Raymond E. Kadunce, A. Stanley Getchell, and John A. Blease

1968.   Persistence of DDT in Crayfish in a Natural Environment. Ecology, 49(4):759–762.

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1900.   Weitere Mitteilungen über dekapode Crusuceen der k. bayerischen Saatssammulungen. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Königlichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München, 30:125–143, figures 1–3.

DuBois, Jeffrey, and Moti L. Sharma

1977.   An Investigation of the Enzymes of Purine Degradation in the Fresh Water Crayfish Orconectes rusticus, on Acclimation to 50% Sea Water. Science Studies (St. Bonaventura University), 32:27–34.

Dudel, J.

1965.   Potential Changes in the Crayfish Motor Nerve Terminal During Repetitive Stimulation. Pflügers Archiv, 282:323–337, 5 figures.

Dunlap, Paul M., Jr.

1951.   Taxonomic Characteristics of the Decapod Crustaceans of the Subfamily Cambarinae in Oklahoma with Descriptions of Two New Species and Two Keys to Species. 47 pages, 5 plates. Master's thesis, Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, Stillwater.

Durliat, Michele, and Roger Vranckx

1976.   Coagulation in the Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus: Attempts to Identify a Fibrinogen—like Factor in the Hemolymph. Biological Bulletin, 151:467–477, 7 figures.

Eberly, William R.

1955.   Summary of the Distribution of Indiana Crayfishes, Including New State and County Records. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 64:281–283.

1958.   Competition and Evolution in Cave Crayfishes of Southern Indiana. 7 pages. [Mimeographed.]

Eigenmann, C.H.

1900.   A Contribution to the Fauna of the Caves of Texas. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 49:228–230.

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1986.   “Cave Life of North America,” Completed. North American Biospeleology Newsletter, 34:5–7.

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1982.   Life History, Distribution, and Status of Pacifastacus fortis (Decapoda: Astacidae). California Fish and Game, 68(4):197–212, figures 1–6.

Engle, Earl Theron

1926.   Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus in Nebraska and Eastern Colorado. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 42:87–104, figures 1–5.

Erichson, W.F.

1846.   Uebersicht der Arten der Gattung Astacus. Archiv für Naturgeschichte (Berlin), 12(1):86–103.

Espinet, Susan A., and G. Brian Golding

1976.   Field Studies—Twelve Mile Creek. In M.L. Tracey and others, Population Size, Growth Rate and Other Studies of Crayfish in Southern Ontario, pages B1–21. [A Report to the Ontario Ministry of the Environment on Research Supported by an “Experience ’76” Grant.]

Estrada Palma, Lucia Yolanda

1972.   Cambios en la dinamica retiniana por efecto de la privación prolongada de luz en el acocil Procambarus bouvieri (Ortmann). 78 + 9 unnumbered pages, 22 figures. Tesis profesional, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, D.F.

Fabricius, Johann C.

1775.   Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum: Classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus observationibus. 832 pages. Flensburgi et Lipsiae: Officina Libraria Kortii.

1798.   Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. 572 pages. Hafniae: Proft et Storch.

Fage, L.

1931.   Crustaces Amphipodes et Decapodes. In Biospeleologica, LVI: Campagne spéologique de C. Bolivar et Jeannel dans 1′Amerique du Nord (1928). Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale, 71:361–374, 21 figures.

Faxon, Walter

1884.   Descriptions of New Species of Cambarus, to Which Is Added a Synonymical List of the Known Species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20:107–158.

1885a. A Revision of the Astacidae, Part I: The Genera Cambarus and Astacus. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 10(4): vi + 186 pages, 10 plates.

1885b. Preliminary Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. Bulletin of the Washburn College Laboratory of Natural History, 1 (4): 140–142.

1885c. A List of the Astacidae in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 8(23):356–361.

1889.   Cambarus setosus Faxon. In Samuel Garman, Cave Animals from South western Missouri. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 17:237, plate 1: figures 1–3, 7, plate 2: figure 1.

1890.   Notes on North American Crayfishes, Family Astacidae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 12(785):619–634.

1898.   Observations on the Astacidae in the United States National Museum and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, with Descriptions of New Species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 20(1136):643–694, plates 62–70.

1912.   Astacidae. In Mary J. Rathbun, Some Cuban Crustacea. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 54(15):458–459.

1914.   Notes on the Crayfishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy with Descriptions of New Species and Subspecies to which Is Appended a Catalogue of the Known Species and Subspecies. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 40(8):351–427, 13 plates.

Feldmann, Rodney M., Lance Grande, Cheryl P. Birkhimer, Joseph T. Hannibal, and David L. McCoy

1981.   Decapod Fauna of the Green River Formation (Eocene) of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology, 55(4):788–799, 3 plates.

Fielder, Dorothy Davis

1972.   Some Aspects of the Life Histories of Three Closely Related Crayfish Species, Orconectes obscurus, O. sanborni, and O. propinquus. Ohio Journal of Science, 72(3): 129–145, 24 figures.

Fingermann, Milton, and Argimiro D. Lago

1957.   Endogenous Twenty–Four Hour Rhythms of Locomotor Activity and Oxygen Consumption in the Crawfish Orconectes clypeatus. American Midland Naturalist, 58(2):383–393, 12 figures.

Fitzpatrick, Joseph F., Jr.

1963.   Geographic Variation in the Crawfish Faxonella clypeata (Hay) with the Definition and Defense of the Genus Faxonella Creaser (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 10(1):57–79, 20 figures.

1965.   A New Subspecies of the Crawfish Orconectes leptogonopodus from the Ouachita River Drainage in Arkansas. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 12(3):87–91, figures A—J.

1966a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from the Headwaters of the White River in Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 79:145–150, 10 figures.

1966b. A New Crawfish of the Subfamily Cambarinae from Oregon, U.S.A. (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 11(2):178–184, 17 figures.

1967a. The Propinquus Group of the Crawfish Genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Astacidae). Ohio Journal of Science, 67(3):129–172, 27 figures.

1967b. A New Crawfish of the Cristatus Section of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80(25):163–168, 12 figures.

1968a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Iowa. American Midland Naturalist, 79(2):507–512, 10 figures.

1968b. The Subspecies of the Crawfish Procambarus hagenianus (Faxon) (Decapoda; Astacidae). ASB Bulletin, 15(2):37.

1976a. The Taxonomy and Biology of the Prairie Crawfishes, Procambarus hagenianus (Faxon) and its Allies. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 381–391, 2 figures. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Division of Continuing Education, Louisiana State University.

1976b. Crawfish Type—Localities within Alabama. Journal of the Alabama Academy of Science, 47(1):54–58.

1977.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Hobbseus from Northeast Mississippi, with Notes on the Origin of the Genus (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 90(2):367–374, 1 figure.

1978a. A New Burrowing Crawfish of the Genus Cambarus from Southwest Alabama (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91(3):748–755, 13 figures.

1978b. Systematics of the Crawfishes of the Hagenianus Group of the Genus Procambarus, Subgenus Girardiella (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 20(3–4):57–97, figures 1–121.

1978c. A New Crawfish of the Subgenus Girardiella, Genus Procambarus from Northwest Arkansas (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91(2):533–538, 1 figure.

1983a. A Revision of the Dwarf Crawfishes (Cambaridae, Cambarellinae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 3(2):266–277, 3 figures.

1983b. How to Know the Freshwater Crustacea. x + 227 pages, 216 figures. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Company.

1987a. The Subgenera of the Crawfish Genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100(1):44–74, figures 1–18.

1987b. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi and F. (C.) gordoni, Two New Burrowing Crawfishes Associated with Pitcher Plant Bogs in Mississippi and Alabama (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100(3):433–446, figures 1–3.

Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1971.   A New Crawfish of the Spiculifer Group of the Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Central Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(12):95–102, 14 figures.

Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr., and Barbara A. Laning

1976.   A New Dwarf Crawfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae: Cambarellinae) from Southwest Alabama and Adjacent Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89(9):137–145, 1 figure.

Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr., and James F. Payne

1968.   A New Genus and Species of Crawfish from the Southeastern United States (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81(2):11–21, 12 figures.

Fitzpatrick, J.F., Jr., and Joseph F. Pickett, Sr.

1980.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Eastern New York (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93(2):373–382, figures 1–11.

Fleming, Robert S.

1938–1939. The Larger Crustacea of the Nashville Region. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 13(4):296–314, 7 plates (1938); 14(2):261–264, 2 plates (1939); 14(3):299–324, 12 plates (1939).

Fowler, Henry W.

1912.   The Crustacea of New Jersey. In Annual Report of the New Jersey State Museum for 1911, pages 29–650, 150 plates.

Francois, Donald D.

1959.   The Crayfishes of New Jersey. Ohio Journal of Science, 59(2):108–127, 8 figures.

Franz, Richard, and Lea M. Franz

1979.   Distribution, Habitat Preference and Status of Populations of the Black Creek Crayfish, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Florida Scientist, 42(1):13–17, 1 figure.

Franz, Richard, and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1983.   Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leitheuseri, New Species, Another Troglobitic Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Peninsular Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96(2):323–332, 1 figure.

Franz, Richard, and David S. Lee

1982.   Distribution and Evolution of Florida's Troglobitic Crayfishes. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 28(3): 53–78, 9 figures.

Franzini-Armstrong, Clara

1976.   Freeze-Fracture of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses in Crayfish Neuromuscular Junctions. Journal de Microscopie et de Biologie Cellulaire, 25(3):217–222, 1 plate. Gardner, James E.

1986.   Invertebrate Fauna from Missouri Caves and Springs. Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri, Natural History Series, 3: vi + 72 pages, illustrated.

Garman, H.

1920.   A Little Known Subterranean Crayfish. Science, 52:42–43.

Gifford, Charles A.

1962.   Some Observations on the General Biology of the Land Crab, Cardisoma guanhumi (Latreille), in South Florida. Biological Bulletin, 123(1):207–233, figures 1–7.

Girard, Charles

1852.   A Revision of the North American Astaci, with Observations on Their Habits and Geographical Distribution. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6:87–91.

Godley, J.S., R.W. McDiarmid, and N.N. Rojas

1984.   Estimating Prey Size and Number in Crayfish—eating Snakes, Genus Regina. Herpetologica, 40(1):82–88, 4 figures.

Goldman, Charles R.

1973.   Ecology and Physiology of the California Crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana) in Relation to Its Suitability for Introduction into European Waters. In Sture Abrahamsson, editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 106–120, 5 figures. Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur.

Goodnight, Clarence James

1940.   The Branchiobdellidae (Oligochaeta) of North American Crayfishes. Illinois Biological Monographs, 17(3):1–75, plates 1–3.

1941.   The Branchiobdellidae (Oligochaeta) of Florida. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 60(1):69–74, 4 figures.

Gray, J.E.

1845.   Description of Some New Australian Animals. In E.J. Eyre, Journals of Expeditions of Discovery into Central Australia, and Overland from Adelaide to King George's Sound, in the Years 1840–1; Sent by the Colonists of South Australia, with the Sanction and Support of the Government: Including an Account of the Manners and Customs of the Aborigines and the State of Their Relations with Europeans, pages 405–411, plates 1–3. London: T. and W. Boone.

Haertel, Lois, and Charles Osterberg

1967.   Ecology of Zooplankton, Benthos and Fishes in the Columbia River Estuary. Ecology, 48(3):459–472, 4 figures.

Hagen, Hermann A.

1870.   Monograph of the North American Astacidae. In Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 3: viii + 109 pages, 11 plates.

Hall, Edward Taylor, Jr.

1959.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Alabama (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 34(4):221–225, 9 figures.

Hama, Kiyoshi

1961.   A Photoreceptor—Like Structure in the Ventral Nerve Cord of the Crayfish, Cambarus virilus. Anatomical Record, 140(4):329–336, 3 plates.

Hand, Cadet

1954.   A Blue Crayfish from California. California Fish and Game, 40(4):437–438.

Harlan, R.

1830.   Description of a New Species of the Genus Astacus. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 3(15):464–465.

1835.   Description of Three Species of Astacus, Inhabiting the United States. In Medical and Physical Researches: or Original Memoirs in Medicine, Surgery, Physiology, Geology, Zoology, and Comparative Anatomy, pages 229–231, 3 figures. Philadelphia: Lydia R. Bailey.

Harmon, Lucie

1910.   Two Abnormalities in the Crayfish. In Twelfth Report of the Michigan Academy of Science, pages 66–67, figures 1, 2.

Harney, Thomas

1983.   Crawdaddies: Fierce Fighters, Fine Food. Montgomery (Maryland) Journal, 13 January 1983, page B4.

Harris, J. Arthur

1900.   Annotated Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. Kansas University Quarterly, 9(4):263–274.

1901.   Annotated Catalogue of the Crayfishes of Kansas. [Abstract] Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 17:115.

1903.   An Ecological Catalogue of the Crayfishes Belonging to the Genus Cambarus. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 2(3):51–187, 5 plates.

Harrison, Launcelot

1926.   Crucial Evidence for Antarctic Radiation. American Naturalist, 60(669):374–383.

Hart, C.W., Jr.

1962.   A Revision of the Ostracods of the Family Entocytheridae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 114(3):121–147, 18 figures.

Hart, Dabney G., and C.W. Hart, Jr.

1974.   The Ostracod Family Entocytheridae. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Monograph, 18: ix + 238 pages, plates 1–62.

Hay, William P.

1891.   The Crustacea of Indiana. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 1891:147–150.

1893.   Observations on the Blind Crayfishes of Indiana, with a Description of a New Subspecies; Cambarus pellucidus testii. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 16(935):283–286, plates 44, 45.

1896.   The Crawfishes of the State of Indiana. In 20th Annual Report of the Department of Geology and Natural Resources of Indiana, Pages 475–507, 15 figures.

1899a. Description of Two New Species of Crayfish. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 22(1187):121–123, 2 figures.

1899b. Synopses of North American Invertebrates, VI: The Astacidae of North America. American Naturalist, 33(396):957–966, 1 figure.

1902a. Observations on the Crustacean Fauna of the Region about Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 25(1285):223–236, 1 figure.

1902b. Observations on the Crustacean Fauna of Nickajack Cave, Tennessee, and Vicinity. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 25(1292):417–439, 8 figures.

1902c. On the Proper Application of the Name Cambarus carolinus Erichson. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 15:38.

1914.   Cambarus bartonii carinirostris Hay. In Walter Faxon, Notes on the Crayfishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology…. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 40(8):384–385.

Hayes II, William A.

1973.   Occurrence of the Crawfish Orconectes nana macrus Williams (Decapoda, Astacidae) in Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, 53:111.

Hayes II, William A., and Rollin D. Reimer

1977.   Faxonella blairi, a New Crawfish from the Red River Drainage of Oklahoma and Arkansas. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 90(1):1–5, 7 figures.

Hazlett, Brian A.

1983.   Parental Behavior in Decapod Crustacea. In Steve Rebach and David W. Dunham, editors, Studies in Adaptation: The Behavior of Higher Crustacea, pages 171–193, 9 figures. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Hemming, Francis, editor

1958.   Opinion 522: Suppression Under the Plenary Powers (i) of Certain Names Published by C.S. Rafinesque for Genera and Species of the Orders Decapoda and Stomatopoda (Class Crustacea) in the Period 1814–1818 and (ii) of Certain Specific Names Currently Regarded as Senior Subjective Synonyms of the Names of the Type Species of “Homola” Leach, 1815, and “Lissa” Leach, 1815, Respectively, Both Being Genera Assigned to the First of the Foregoing Orders. Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 19:211–248.

Herklots, J.A.

1861.   I. Catalogue des crustacés qui ont servi de base au systeme carcinologique de M.W. De Haan, Rédigé d’apres collection du Musée des pays-bas les crustacés de la faune du Japon. In Symbolae Carcinologicae: Studies sur la classe de crustacés, pages 114–144. Leyde: E.J. Brill.

Herrick, C.L.

1882.   Papers on the Crustacea of the Freshwaters of Minnesota, III: On Notadromas and Cambarus. In 10th Annual Report of the Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota, pages 252–254, figure 7.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr.

1937.   Some Florida Crawfishes and Their Habitat Distribution. [Abstract.] Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 1:154.

1938a. A New Crayfish from Florida. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 28(2):61–65, 11 figures.

1938b. Two New Crawfishes from Florida, Cambarus hubbelli and Cambarus acherontis pallidus. [Abstract.] Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 2:90–91.

1940a. Seven New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Florida, with Notes on Other Species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 89(3097):387–423, figures 14–22.

1940b. A New Crayfish from South Carolina. Charleston Museum Leaflet, 14:3–7, figures 1–10.

1941a. A New Crayfish from San Luis Potosí, Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). Zoologica, 26(1): 1–4, figure 1.

1941b. Three New Florida Crayfishes of the Subgenus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 26(1):110–121, 2 plates.

1942a. A Generic Revision of the Crayfishes of the Subfamily Cambarinae (Decapoda, Astacidae) with the Description of a New Genus and Species. American Midland Naturalist, 28(2):334–357, 3 plates.

1942b. The Crayfishes of Florida. University of Florida Publications, Biological Science Series, 3(2): v + 179 pages, 24 plates.

[1942]c. On the First Pleopod of the Male Cambari (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 5(1940):55–61, 2 plates.

1943a. Two New Crayfishes from the Panhandle of Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 6(1):49–58, figures 1–32.

1943b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). Lloydia, 6:198–206, 2 plates.

1945a. The Subspecies and Intergrades of the Florida Burrowing Crayfish, Procambarus rogersi (Hobbs). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 35(8):247–260, figures 1–34.

1945b. Two New Species of Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarellus from the Gulf Coastal States, with a Key to the Species of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 34(2):466–474, figures 1–26.

1947a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Georgia, with Notes on Procambarus pubescens (Faxon) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 9(1):1–18, figures 1–32.

1947b. A Key to the Crayfishes of the Pictus Subgroup of the Genus Procambarus, with the Description of a New Species from South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Florida Entomologist, 30(3):25–31, figures 1–12.

1948a. On the Crayfishes of the Limosus Section of the Genus Orconectes (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 38(1):14–21, figures 1–28.

1948b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Orconectes from Arkansas, with a Key to the Species of the Hylas Group (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 39(1):139–150, figures 1–32.

1948c. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Southern Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 61(15):85–91, figures 1–9.

1948d. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Texas, with Notes on the Distribution of Cambarus fodiens (Coule). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 98(3230):223–231, figure 17.

1949.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from the Nashville Basin in Tennessee, with Notes on the Range of Orconectes compressus (Faxon) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 62(7): 17–24, figures 1–10.

1950a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarellus from Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 63(18):89–96, figures 1–17.

1950b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Oklahoma and Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(6):194–198, figures 1–12.

1951a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from Southeastern Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Virginia Journal of Science, 2(2):122–128, 10 figures.

1951b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana with a Key to the Species of the Spiculifer Group. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 41(8):272–276, 11 figures.

1952a. A New Crayfish from Alabama, with Notes on Procambarus lecontei (Hagen). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 102(3297):209–219, figures 81, 82.

1952b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Georgia with a Key to the Species of the Clarkii Subgroup (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 15(3): 165–174, figures 1–14.

1952c. A New Albinistic Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Southern Missouri with a Key to the Albinistic Species of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 48(3):689–693, figures 1–8.

1953a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama and Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 66(22):173–178, plate 9.

1953b. On the Ranges of Certain Crayfishes of the Spiculifer Group of the Genus Procambarus, with the Description of a New Species (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43(12):412–417, figures 1–13.

1953c. Two New Crayfishes from the Highland Rim in Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 28(1):20–27, figures 1–18.

1954a. A New Crayfish from the Upper Coastal Plain of Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 17(2):110–118, figures 1–13.

1954b. A Redescription of Procambarus ruthveni (Pearse) from La Laja Creek at Cuatotolapam [sic], Veracruz, Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 559:1–5, figures 1–9.

1955a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 68(15):95–100, figures 1–11.

1955b. Ostracods of the Genus Entocythere from the New River System in North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 74(4):325–333, figures 1–10.

1956a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 46(4):117–121, figures 1–17.

1956b. A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from North Carolina and South Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 72(1):61–67, figures 1–11.

1956c. A New Crayfish of the Extraneus Section of the Genus Cambarus with a Key to the Species of the Section (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 69(18):115–121, figures 1–11.

1958a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 48(5):160–168, figures 1–24.

1958b. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from South Carolina and Georgia. Notulae Naturae, 307: 10 pages, figures 1–26.

1958c. The Evolutionary History of the Pictus Group of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 21(1):71–91, figures 1–20.

1959.   [Crayfishes.] In W. T. Edmondson, Fresh-Water Biology, second edition, pages 883–901, figures 31.18–31.41. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

1962a. Notes on the Affinities of the Members of the Blandingii Section of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 9(5):273–293, figures 1–72.

1962b. La Presencia de Procambarus clarkii (Girard) en los Estados de Chihuahua y Sonora, México (Decapoda, Astacidae). Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 33(1, 2):273–276, 9 figures.

1964.   A New Cave-Dwelling Crayfish from the Greenbrier Drainage System, West Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 77(21): 189–194, figures 1–10.

1965.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Tennessee with an Emended Definition of the Genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 78(33):265–273, figures 1–12.

1966a. A New Crayfish from Alabama with Observations on the Cristatus Section of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 79(15):109–116, figures 1–10.

1966b. An Illustrated Key to the Species of the Genus Ankylocythere with a Description of a New Species from Louisiana (Ostracoda, Entocytheridae). Proceedings of the Louisiana Academy of Sciences, 29:67–75, figures 1–18.

1967a. The Current Status of the Crayfishes Listed by Girard (1852) in His “A Revision of the North American Astaci….” Crustaceana, 12(2): 124–132.

1967b. A New Crayfish from Alabama Caves with Notes on the Origin of the Genera Orconectes and Cambarus (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 123(3621): 1–17, figures 1–21.

1968a. Two New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 81 (31):261–274, figures 1–22.

1968b. Crustacea: Malacostraca. in Fred K. Parrish, Keys to Water Quality Indicative Organisms (Southeastern United States), pages K1–K36, 32 figures. Federal Water Pollution Control Administration, Department of the Interior.

1969a. Procambarus villalobosi, un Nuevo Cambarina de San Luis Potosí, México (Decapoda, Astacidae). Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Ciencias del Mary Limnología, 38(1):41–46, figures 1–11.

1969b. On the Distribution and Phylogeny of the Crayfish Genus Cambarus. In Perry C. Holt, Richard L. Hoffman, and C. Willard Hart, Jr., The Distributional History of the Biota of the Southern Appalachians, Part I: Invertebrates. Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Research Division Monograph, 1:93–178, figures 1–20.

1969c. Two New Species of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) with Keys to the Members of the Spiculifer Group. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(24):329–348, figures 1–38.

1970a. A New Crayfish from the Nashville Basin, Tennessee. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(14):161–169, figure 1.

1970b. New Crayfishes of the Genus Cambarus from Tennessee and Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(23):241–259, figures 1–4.

1971a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 83(40):459–468, figure 1.

1971b. New Crayfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama and Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(11):81–94, figures 1, 2.

1971c. A New Troglobitic Crayfish from Florida. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, 34(2): 114–124, figures 1–19.

1971d. The Entocytherid Ostracods of Mexico and Cuba. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 81: 55 pages, figures 1–31.

1972a. The Subgenera of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda: Astacidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 117: 22 pages, figures 1–20.

1972b. Crayfishes (Astacidae) of North and Middle America. In Biota of Freshwater Ecosystems, Identification Manual, 9: x + 173 pages, 115 figures. United States Environmental Protection Agency., (Water Pollution Research Control Series; reprinted 1976 with same pagination.]

1973a. New Species and Relationships of the Members of the Genus Fallicambarus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Waishington, 86(40):461–481, figures 1–4.

1973b. Three New Troglobitic Decapod Crustaceans from Oaxaca, Mexico. Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin, 5:25–38, figures 1–8.

1973c. Two New Troglobitic Shrimps (Decapoda: Alpheidae and Palaemonidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico. Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin, 5:73–80, figures 1–3.

1974a. Synopsis of the Families and Genera of Crayfishes (Crustacea, Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 164: 32 pages, figures 1–27.

1974b. A Checklist of the North and Middle American Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae and Cambaridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 166: iii + 161 pages, figures 1–294.

1975.   New Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Southern United Slates and Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 201:1–34, figures 1–8.

1977a. A New Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 90(2):412–419, figures 1, 2.

1977b. Cave-inhabiting Crayfishes of Chiapas, Mexico (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, 171:197–206, figures 1–2.

1977c. The Crayfish Bouchardina robisoni, a New Genus and Species (Decapoda, Cambaridae) from Southern Arkansas. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89(62):733–742, figure 1.

1979.   A New Crayfish from the Ouachita River Basin in Arkansas (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 92(4):804–811, figure 1.

1980.   New Dwarf Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Mexico and Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93(l):194–207, figures 1, 2.

1981.   The Crayfishes of Georgia. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 318: viii + 549 pages, figures 1–262.

1982.   A New Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the State of Puebla, Mexico, with New Locality Records for Procambarus (Villalobosus) xochitlanae and Entocytherid Ostracod Symbionls. Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin, 8:39–44, figure 1.

1983.   Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni, a New Subgenus and Species of Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from South Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96(3):429–439, figure 1.

1984.   On the Distribution of the Crayfish Genus Procambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 4(1):12–24, figures 1–11.

1986.   Highlights of a Half Century of Crayfishing. In Per Brinck, editor, Freshwater Crayfish 6, pages 12–23, 3 figures. Lund, Sweden: Btj Datafilm.

1987.   On the Identity of Astacus (Cambarus) mexicanus Erichson (1846) and Cambarus aztecus Saussure (1857) (Decapoda: Cambaridae) with the Description of Procambarus olmecorum, New Species from Veracruz, Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100(1):198–215, 3 figures.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Thomas C. Barr, Jr.

1960.   The Origins and Affinities of the Troglobitic Crayfishes of North America (Decapoda, Astacidae), I: The Genus Cambarus. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1): 12–33, figures 1–57.

1972.   Origins and Affinities of the Troglobitic Crayfishes of North America (Decapoda: Astacidae), II: Genus Orconectes. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 105: 84 pages, figures 1–16.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and M.S. Bedinger

1964.   A New Troglobitic Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Arkansas with a Note on the Range of Cambarus cryptodytes Hobbs. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 77(3):9–15, figures 1–11.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Raymond W. Bouchard

1973.   A New Crayfish from the Cumberland River System with Notes on Cambarus carolinus (Erichson). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 86(5):41–68, figures 1–4.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Arthur V. Brown

1987.   A New Troglobitic Crayfish from Northwestern Arkansas (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100(4):1040–1048, figures 1, 2.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Paul H. Carlson

1983.   Distocambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) Elevated to Generic Rank, with an Account of D. crockeri, New Species, from South Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96(3):420–428, figure 1.

1985.   A New Member of the Genus Distocambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Saluda Basin, South Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 98(1):81–89, figure 1.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Martha R. Cooper

1972.   A New Troglobitic Crayfish from Oklahoma (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings cf the Biological Society of Washington. 85(3):49–56, figure 1–12.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and J.F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

1962.   A New Crayfish of the Propinquus Group of the Genus Orconectes from the Ohio Drainage System in West Virginia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75(30):207–214, figures 1–15.

1970.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Fallicambarus from Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 82(64):829–836, figures 1–12.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Richard Franz

1986.   New Troglobitic Crayfish with Comments on Its Relationship to Epigean and Other Hypogean Crayfishes of Florida. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 6(3):509–519, figures 1–3.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Andrew G. Grubbs

1982.   Description of a New Troglobitic Crayfish from Mexico and a List of Mexican Crayfishes Reported Since the Publication of the Villalobos Monograph (1955) (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Association for Mexican Cave Studies, Bulletin, 8:45–50, figure 1.

1986.   Notes on the Crayfish Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitlae (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 99(4):735–738, figure 1.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Edward T. Hall, Jr.

1969.   New Crayfishes from Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society cf Washington, 82(21):281–294, figures 1–24.

1972.   A New Crayfish from the Tallapoosa River in Georgia (Decapoda: Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 85(12):151–161, figure 1.

1974.   Crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidae). In C.W. Hart, Jr., and S.L.H. Fuller, editors, Pollution Ecology of Freshwater Invertebrates, pages 195–214. New York: Academic Press.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and C.W. Hart, Jr.

1959.   The Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans of the Apalachicola Drainage System in Florida, Southem Alabama, and Georgia. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, 4(5):145–191, figures 1–39.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and H.H. Hobbs III

1962.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from Georgia (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75(5):41–45, figures 1–10.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., H.H. Hobbs III, and Margaret A. Daniel

1977.   A Review of the Troglobitic Crustaceans of the Americas. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 244: v + 183 pages, figures 1–70.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., Perry C. Holt, and Margaret Walton

1967.   The Crayfishes and Their Epizoötic Ostracod and Branchiobdellid Associates of the Mountain Lake, Virginia, Region. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 123(3602):1–84, figures 1–22.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and David S. Lee

1976.   A New Troglobitic Crayfish (Decapoda, Cambaridae) from Peninsular Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89(32):383–391, figure 1.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Lewis J. Marchand

1943.   A Contribution toward a Knowledge of the Crayfishes of the Reelfoot Lake Area. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 18(1):6–35, figures 1–27.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and D. Bruce Means

1972.   Two New Troglobitic Crayfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) from Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(46):393–409, figures 1, 2.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Frank O. Perkins

1967.   A New Burrowing Crayfish from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80(21):141–146, figures 1–11.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Daniel J. Peters

1977.   The Entocytherid Ostracods of North Carolina. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 247: iv + 73 pages, figures 1–33.

1982.   The Entocytherid Ostracod Fauna of Northern Georgia. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 95(2):297–318, figures 1–9.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and William L. Pflieger

1988.   Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus, a New Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Meramec River Basin of Missouri. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101(3):644–652, figures 1–3.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Henry W. Robison

1982.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Southwestern Arkansas. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 95(3):545–553, figure 1.

1985.   A New Burrowing Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Southwestern Arkansas. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 98(4):1035–1041, figure 1.

1988.   The Crayfish Subgenus Girardiella (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in Arkansas, with the Descriptions of Two New Species and a Key to the Members of the gracilia Group of the Genus Procambarus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 101(2):391–413, figures 1–16.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Charles S. Shoup

1942.   On the Crayfishes Collected from the Big South Fork of the Cumberland River in Tennessee during the Summer of 1938. American Midland Naturalist, 28(3):634–644, figures 1–8.

1947.   Two New Crayfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) from the Obey River Drainage in Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 22(2):138–145, figures 1–22.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Alejandro Villalobos

1964.   Los Cambarinos de Cuba. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 34(1, 2):307–366, figures 1–50.

Hobbs, Horton H., Jr., and Margaret Walton

1957.   Three New Crayfishes from Alabama and Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 5(3):39–52, figures 1–34.

1958.   Procambarus pearsei plumimanus, a New Crayfish from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 74(1):7–12, figures 1–13.

1959.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Alabama (Decapoda, Astracidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 72(10):39–44, figures 1–12.

1960.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Southern Alabama (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 73(20): 123–129, figures 1–11.

1966.   Orconectes Juvenils (Hagen) in Mountain Lake, Virginia: an Unplanned Experiment in Interspecific Competition (Decapoda, Astacidae). Virginia Journal of Science, 17(3): 136–140.

Hobbs, Horton H., and Mike Whiteman

1987.   A New, Economically Important Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Neches River Basin, Texas, with a Key to the Subgenus Fallicambarus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 100(2):403–411, figures 1, 2.

Hobbs III, H.H.

1969.   Studies in Ecological and Host Specificity in Entocytherid Ostracods (Ostracoda: Entocytheridae). vii + 93 pages, 8 figures. Master's thesis, Mississippi State University, Starkville.

1971.   New Entocytherid Ostracods of the Genera Ankylocythere and Dactylocythere. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(17):137–146, figures 1, 2.

1973.   The Population Dynamics of Cave Crayfishes and Their Commensal Ostracods from Southern Indiana. [Abstract.] Fifteenth Annual Report of the Cave Research Foundation, pages 58–59.

1975.   Distribution of Indiana Cavernicolous Crayfishes and Their Ecto-Commensal Ostracods. International Journal of Speleology, 7:273–302, figures 1–6.

1980.   Population Studies of Indiana Cavernicolous Ostracods (Ostracoda: Entocytheridae). Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 89:147–148.

Hobbs III, H.H., and Joan P. Jass

1988.   The Wisconsin Decapod Crustaceans (Cambaridae, Palaemonidae). viii + 177 pages, 78 figures. Milwaukee Public Museum.

Hobbs III, H.H., James H. Thorp, and Gilbert E. Anderson

1976.   The Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans (Palaemonidae, Cambaridae) of the Savannah River Plant, South Carolina. 63 pages, figures 1–24. Savannah River Plant, National Environment Research Park Program.

Hobbs III, H.H. and Norbert Welch

1972.   Will Lost River be Lost? NSS News, 30(3):66–67.

Hobbs III, H.H., and Steve G. Wells

1972.   The Lost River Karst—Problems in Conservation and Land Management. NSS News, 30(8):123–128, figure 1.

Hobbs III, H.H., and Stanley A. Rewolinski

1985.   Notes on the Burrowing Crayfish Procambarus (Giradiella) gracilis (Bundy) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) from Southeastern Wisconsin, U.S.A. Crustaceana, 48(1):26–33, figures 1–3.

Hoff, C. Clayton

1943.   Two New Ostracods of the Genus Entocythere and Records of Previously Described Species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 33(9):276–286, figures 1, 2.

1944.   New American Species of the Ostracod Genus Entocythere. American Midland Naturalist, 32(2):327–357, figures 1–33.

Holt, Perry C.

1954.   A New Branchiobdellid of the Genus Cambarincola (Oligochaeta, Branchiobdellidae) from Virginia. Virginia Journal of Science, 5(3):168–172, figures 1–5.

1960.   The Genus Ceratodrilus Hall (Branchiobdellidae, Oligochaeta), with the Description of a New Species. Virginia Journal of Science, 11(2):53–77, figures 1–16.

1973.   Branchiobdellids (Annelida: Clitellata) from Some Eastern North American Caves, with Descriptions of New Species of the Genus Cambarincola. International Journal of Speleology, 5:219–256, figures 1–7.

Holthuis, L.B.

1952.   The Crustacea Decapoda Macrura of Chile. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift, new series 2, 47(10):1–109, figures 1–19.

1956.   Proposed Suppression under the Plenary Powers (a) Certain Names Given by C.S. Rafinesque to Genera and Species of the Orders Decapoda and Stomatopoda (Class Crustacea) and (b) of Certain Specific Names Currently Regarded as Senior Subjective Synonyms of the Names of the Type Species of the Genera “Homola” and “Lissa,” Both of Leach, 1815, Belonging to the Foregoing Class. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 12(9):227–239.

1964.   On the Status of the Two Allegedly European Crayfishes, Cambarus typhlobius Joseph, 1880, and Austropotamobius pallipes bispinosus Karaman, 1961 (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 7(1):42–48, plate 3.

Hopkins, C.L.

1967.   Breeding in the Freshwater Crayfish Paranephrops planifrons White. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 1(1):51–58, figures 1–7.

Hovey, Horace C.

1882.   Celebrated American Caverns, Especially Mammoth, Wyandot, and Luray, together with Historical Scientific and Descriptive Notices of Caves and Grottoes in other Lands; with Maps and Illustrations. xii + 288 pages, illustrated. Cincinnati: Robert Clarke and Company.

Huner, Jay V.

1977.   Ditch Bugs, Good Bait…Good to Eat! Bayou State Sportsman, 2(2): 10–13, illustrated.

1978.   Exploitation of Freshwater Crayfishes in North America. Fisheries, 3(6):2–5, illustrated.

1981.   Information about the Biology and Culture of the Red Crawfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) for Fisheries Managers in Latin America. Anales del Instituto Ciencia del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 8(1):43–50.

1986.   Crawfish Introductions Affect Louisiana Industry. Crawfish Tales, 5(3):16–18.

Huner, J.V., and J.E. Barr

1980.   Red Swamp Crawfish: Biology and Exploitation. xi + 148 pages, 61 figures. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Center for Wetland Resources. [Sea Grant Publication Number LSU-T-80-001.]

Huner, J.V., Samuel P. Meyers, and James W. Avault, Jr.

1976.   Response and Growth of Freshwater Crawfish to an Extruded, Water-Stable Diet. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 149–157. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Division of Continuing Education, Louisiana State University.

Huner, J.V., and Syed Naqvi

1984.   Invertebrate Faunas and Crawfish Food Habits in Louisiana Crawfish Ponds. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, 38:395–406.

Huntsman, A.G.

1915.   The Fresh-Water Malacostraca of Ontario. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1911–1914:145–163, figures 1–13.

Huxley, Thomas H.

1879.   On the Classification and the Distribution of the Crayfishes. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878:751–788, figures 1–7.

1880a. The Crayfish: An Introduction to the Study of Zoology. International Scientific Series, 28: xiv + 371, 81 figures and frontispiece.

1880b. L’écrevisse: Introduction a l’étude de la zoologie. Bibliothèque Scientifique Internationale, 36: xi + 260 pages, frontispiece + 81 figures. Paris: Librairie Germer Bailliere et Cie.

1883.   Gambero: Introduzione allo studio della zoologia. Biblioteca Scientifica Internationale, 35: xv + 336 pages, 81 figures and frontispiece.

Ihéring, H. von

1893.   Parastacus. In Congres International de Zoologie à Moscou, part 2:43–49.

Ingle, R.W., and W. Thomas

1974.   Mating and Spawning of the Crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes (Crustacea, Astacidae). Journal of Zoology, London, 173:525–538, figures 1–6.

Jackson, George F.

1942.   Animal Life of Caverns. Bulletin of the National Speleological Society, 4:3–7.

James, Hugo A.

1966.   Range and Variations of Subspecies of Cambarus longulus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 119(3544):1–24, figures 1, 2, 1 plate.

Jeannel, R., and H. Henrot

1949.   Les coléoptères cavernicoles de la région des Appalaches. Notes Biospéoléogiques, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 4(12):7–116.

Jester, Douglas B.

1967.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from New Mexico (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 77(2):518–524, figures 1–12.

Jezerinac, Raymond F.

1983.   Possible Correlations of Present Distributions of Ohio Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) with Teays-Age Drainages. In Anonymous, Teays-Age Drainage Effects on Present Distributional Patterns of Ohio Biota-an Ohio Biogeography Conference. [Abstracts and supplements.] Ohio Biological Survey Informative Circular, 11:4–5.

Jezerinac, Raymond F., and Roger F. Thoma

1984.   An Illustrated Key to the Ohio Cambarus and Fallicambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae) with Comments and a New Subspecies Record. Ohio Journal of Science, 84(3):120–125, figures 1–14.

Johnson, James E.

1986.   Inventory of Utah Crayfish with Notes on Current Distribution. Great Basin Naturalist, 46(4):625–631, figure 1.

Joleaud, L.

1939.   Atlas de Paléobiogéographie. 39 pages, 99 plates. Paris: Paul Lechevalier.

Jordan, Stephen D., and D.W. Dunham

1981.   Two New Color Morphs of the Crayfish Orconectes propinquus (Girard) from Lake Simcoe, Ontario. American Midland Naturalist, 105(2):384–385, figure 1.

Joseph, Gustav

1880.   Demonstration eines neuen zur Familie der Astaciden gehörenden blinden Grottenkrebses aus Krain. Schlesische Gesellschaft für Vaterländische Kultur, Breslau, Jahresbericht, 57:202.

1881.   Erfahrungen im wissenschaftlichen Sammeln und Beobachten der den Krainer Trofsteingrotten eigenen Arthropoden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 25:233–282.

1882.   Systematisches Verzeichniss der in der Tropfstein-Grotten von Krain einheimischen Arthropoden nebst Diagnosen der vom Verfasser entdeckten und bisher noch nicht beschriebenen Arten, Schluss der Abhandl.; Erfahrungen im wissenschaftlichen Sammeln und Beobachten der den Krainer Tropfsteingrotten eigenen Arthropoden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 26:1–50.

Kamita, Tsuneichi

1970.   Studies on the Fresh-Water Shrimps, Prawns and Crawfishes of Japan. 213 pages. Matsue.

1973.   Crayfishes Brought to Japan from Mexico. Zoological Magazine (Dobutsugaku Zasshi), 83(2):123–126, figures 1–4.

Kingsley, J.S.

1899.   Synopses of North-American Invertebrates, IV: Astacoid and Thalassinoid Crustacea. American Naturalist, 33(394):819–824.

Kozloff, Eugene N.

1955.   Two New Species of Entocythere (Ostracoda: Cytheridae) Commensal on Pacifastacus Gambelii (Girard). American Midland Naturalist, 53(1):156–161, figures 1–24.

LaCaze, Cecil

1970.   Crawfish Farming. 27 pages. Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries Commission.

Laguarda, Alfredo

1961.   Contribución al estudio comparative de la formula branquial en la Familia Astacidae (Crustacea: Decapoda). 74 pages, 22 plates. Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

1962.   Estudio comparado de las pleurobranquias vestigiales del género Astacus. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Míxico, 33(1, 2):227–285, 4 plates.

Lake, P.S., and K.J. Newcombe

1975.   Observations on the Ecology of the Crayfish Parastacoides tasmanicus (Decapoda; Parastacidae) from South-western Tasmania. Australian Zoologist, 18(3):197–214, figures 1–7.

Latreille, P. A.

1802–1803. Histoire naturelle, général et particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes. 387 pages, plates 16–37. Paris: F. Dufart.

Lawton, Steven M.

1979.   A Taxonomic and Distributional Study of the Crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) of West Virginia with Diagnostic Keys to Species of the Genera Cambarus and Orconectes. 107 pages, 24 figures. Master's thesis, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia.

LeConte, John

1856.   Descriptions of New Species of Astacus from Georgia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 7:400–402.

Léger, L.

1924.   Une nouvelle écrevisse dans les eaux francaises. Académie des Sciences, Comptes Rendus, 179(21):1205–1207.

Lewis, W.H.

1955.   Monoecious Tendencies in the Crayfish, Cambarus longulus longulus Girard. Virginia Journal of Science, 6(3):146–148, figures 1–4.

Lockington, W.N.

1878.   Remarks upon the Thalassinidea and Astacidae of the Pacific Coast of North America, with Description of a New Species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 5, 2(10):299–304.

Lönnberg, Einar

1894.   Cambarids from Florida, a New Blind Species. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 17(444):125–127.

1895.   Cambarids from Florida. Bihang Till Koniglische Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 20(4):3–14, figures 1–5b.

1898.   Some Biological and Anatomical Facts Concerning Parastacus. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 21(560):345–352, figures 1–3.

Looney, Mary

1975.   Cambarus tartarus: January River's Blind Crayfish. Oklahoma Underground, 7(2):13–14, figures 1, 2.

Loring, Michael W., and Loren G. Hill

1976.   Temperature Selection and Shelter Utilization of the Crayfish, Orconectes causeyi. Southwestern Naturalist, 21(2):219–226, figure 1.

Lyle, Clay

1938.   The Crawfishes of Mississippi, with Special Reference to the Biology and Control of Destructive Species. [Abstract.] Iowa State College Journal of Science, 13:75–77.

Magnuson, J.J., G.N. Capelli, J.G. Lorman, and R.A. Stein.

1975.   Consideration of Crayfish for Macrophyte Control. In P.L. Brezonik and J.L. Fox, editors, Proceedings of a Symposium on Water Quality Management through Biological Control, pages 66–74. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida.

Marlow, Guy

1960.   The Subspecies of Cambarus diogenes. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1):229–250, 8 figures.

Marquart, Duane

1979.   The Troglobitic Crayfish of Missouri. v + 39 pages. Master's Thesis. Central Missouri State University, Warrensburg.

Martens, Eduard von

1869.   Süss brasilische Süss und Brackwasser-Crustaceen nach den Sammlungen des Dr. Reinh. Hensel. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 35(1): 1–35. plates 1, 2.

1872.   Ueber Cubanesche Crustacean—nach den Sammlungen Dr. J. Grundlach's. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 38:77–147, plates 4, 5.

Mason, John C.

1970a. Egg-laying in the Western North American Crayfish, Pacifastacus trowbridgii (Stimpson) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 19(1):37–44, figures 1–16.

1970b. Copulatory Behavior of the Crayfish, Pacifastacus trowbridgii (Stimpson). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 48(5):969–976, figures 1–7.

1976.   Crayfish Production in a Small Woodland Stream. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor, Freshwater Crayfish, pages 449–479. 9 figures. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Division of Continuing Education.

Mauro, N.A., C. Thompson, and S.A. Melacha

1983.   Comparative Effects of Hypoxia on Blood pH and Lactate Levels in Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Procambarius [sic] clarki. [Abstract] American Zoologist, 23(4):938.

Mayden, Richard L.

1985.   Biogeography of Ouachita Highland Fishes. Southwestern Naturalist, 30(2):195–211, figures 1–6.

McGriff, Darlene

1983.   Growth, Maturity, and Fecundity of the Crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. California Fish and Game, 69(4):227–242, figures 1–4.

McKeever, Sturgis

1958.   Observations on Paragonimus kellicotti Ward from Georgia. Journal of Parasitology, 44(3):324–327.

Meek, S.E.

1894.   A New Cambarus from Arkansas. American Naturalist, 28(336):1042–1043, figures 1–4.

Melville, R.V., and W.E. China, editors

1968.   Opinion 855. ASTACUS OREGANUS Randall, 1840 (Crustacea, Decapoda) Suppressed Under the Plenary Powers. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 25 (2, 3):84–85.

Meredith, W.G., and F.J. Schwartz

1959.   The Crayfishes of Maryland. Maryland Tidewater News, 15(1):1–2. figures 1–3.

1960.   Maryland Crayfishes. Maryland Department of Research and Education, Educational Series, 46: 32 pages, figures 1–17.

Merkle, E. Lynn

1969.   Home Range of Crayfish Orconectes juvenalis [sic]. American Midland Naturalist, 81(1):228–235, figures 1–5.

Metcalf, Maynard M.

1929.   Parasites and the Aid They Give in Problems of Taxonomy, Geographical Distribution, and Paleogeography. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 81(8):1–36, figures 1–3.

Miller, George C.

1960.   The Taxonomy and Certain Biological Aspects of the Crayfish of Oregon and Washington. 216 + 13 unnumbered pages, 63 figures. Master's Thesis, Oregon State College, Corvallis.

Miller, George C., and Jack M. Van Hyning

1970.   The Commercial Fishery for Fresh-Water Crawfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Astacidae), in Oregon, 1893–1956. Research Reports of the Fish Commission of Oregon, 2(1):77–89, figures 1–9.

Miller, W.S.

1895.   The Anatomy of the Heart of Cambarus. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters, 10:327–339, plates 5, 6.

Milne Edwards, H.

1837.   Histoire naturelle des crustacés comprenant l’anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux. Volume 2, 532 pages; atlas, 32 pages, plates 1–14, 14bis, 15–15, 25bis, 26–42. Paris: Libraire Encyclopédique de Roret.

Miyake, Sadayoshi

1973.   Five Species of Crayfishes That Occur in Japan. The Nature and Animals, 2(6):5–10, 1 plate. [In Japanese.]

Mobberly, William C., Jr.

1963.   Hormonal and Environmental Regulation of the Molting Cycle in the Crayfish Faxonella clypeata. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 11(3):79–96, figures 1–9.

Moenkhaus, W.J.

1904.   An Extra Pair of Appendages Modified for Copulatory Purposes in Cambarus viridis [sic]. Indiana University Science Bulletin, 1:111–112, figures 1, 2.

Momot, Walter T., and Howard Gowing

1977.   Production and Population Dynamics of the Crayfish Orconectes virilis in Three Michigan Lakes. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 34(11):2041–2055, figures 1–6.

Morales, Miguel, Lorenzo Bozada, and Amulfo Casanova

1987.   Prospección poblacional, distribución geográfica y aspectos ecológicos del acocil Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi del sureste de Veracruz. In Lorenzo Bozada, Otros recoursos alimenticios. Serie Medio Ambiente en Coatzacoalcos, 9:169–199, 9 figures. Altadena, Mexico: Centro de Ecodesarrollo, Universidad Veracruzana.

Moreira, Carlos

1901.   Crustaceos do Brazil. Archivos do Museo Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, 11:1–152, 5 plates.

Nicholas, Brother G.

1960.   Checklist of Macroscopic Troglobitic Organisms of the United States. American Midland Naturalist, 64(1):123–160.

Nicolet, H.

1849.   Crustaceos. In C. Gay, Historia fisica y politica de Chile segun documentos adquiridos en esta republica durante doce arios de residencia en ella y publicada bajo los auspicios del supremo gobierno, Zoologia, 3:115–318, plates 1–4.

Niiyama, Hidejiro

1962.   On the Unprecedentedly Large Number of Chromosomes of the Crayfish Astacus trowbridgii Stimpson. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 35(4):229–233, figures 1–8.

Nolfi, James R.

1978.   Preliminary Studies in Closed-System Crayfish Culture. In Ossi V. Lindqvist, editor, Freshwater Crayfish 3, pages 181–186, 2 figures. Kuopio, Finland: University of Kuopio.

O'Brien, Timothy

1976.   Crawfishes of the Atchafalaya Basin, Louisiana, with Emphasis on Those Species of Commercial Importance. [Abstract.] ASB Bulletin, 23(2):84.

Okada, Yaichiro

1948.   Notes on American Crayfish, Cambarus clarkii G. Zoological Magazine (Tokyo), 57(9):133–136, figure 1.

Olivier, G.A.

1791.   Écrevisse, Astacus. 327–349 In Histoire naturelle des Insectes, encyclopédie méthodique…, zoology, 6:327–349. Paris and Liege.

Ono, Toshiko, and Shigehiro Nakajima

1979.   Effects of Temperature and Deuterium Oxide on Crustacean Stretch Receptor. Journal of Neurophysiology, 42(6):1680–1691, figures 1–6.

Ortmann, A.E.

1892.   Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museum…. Zoologischen Jahrbüchern, 6:1–58, 1 plate.

1902.   The Geographical Distribution of Fresh-Water Decapods and Its Bearing upon Ancient Geography. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 41(171):267–400, figures 1–8.

1905a. The Crawfishes of Western Pennsylvania. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 3(2):387–406.

1905b. A New Species of Cambarus from Louisiana. Ohio Naturalist, 6(2):401–403, figure 1.

1905c. The Mutual Affinities of the Species of the Genus Cambarus, and Their Dispersal over the United States. Proceedings of the American Philosophicl Society, 44(180):91–136, plate 3.

1905d. Procambarus, a New Subgenus of the Genus Cambarus. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 3(3):435–442, figures 1–3.

1906a. Mexican, Central American and Cuban Cambari. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 8:1–24, figures 1–4.

1906b. The Crawfishes of the State of Pennsylvania. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum, 2(10):iv + 343–523, plates A,B, 39–43.

1909.   Une écrevisse nouvelle du Mexique, Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri nov. sp. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, new series, 7:159–166, figures 1–4.

1913.   A New Species of the Genus Cambarus from the Isle of Pines. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 8(3–4):414–417.

1918.   Higher Crustaceans (Malacostraca). In H.B. Ward and G.C. Whipple, Freshwater Biology, pages 828–850, figures 1303–1318. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

1931.   Crawfishes of the Southern Appalachians and the Cumberland Plateau. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 20(2):61–160.

Osborn, R.C., and E.B. Williamson

1898.   The Crayfish of Ohio. Sixth Annual Report of the Ohio State Academy of Science, page 21.

Packard, A.S., Jr.

1880.   Fossil Crawfish from the Tertiaries of Wyoming. American Naturalist, 14(3):222–223.

1881a. A Fossil Tertiary Crayfish. American Naturalist, 15(10):832–834, figures 1, 2.

1881b. On a Crayfish from the Lower Tertiary Beds of Western Wyoming. Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey, 6(2):391–397, figures 1, 2.

1888.   The Cave Fauna of North America, with Remarks on the Anatomy of the Brain and Origin of the Blind Species. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, 4:3–156, plates 1–27.

Padgett, Allen

1970.   Georgia Cave Fauna. Georgia Speleological Society Bulletin, 1970:19–20.

Page, Lawrence M.

1985a. A New Crayfish of the Genus Orconectes from the Little Wabash River System of Illinois (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 98(3):564–570, figure 1.

1985b. The Crayfishes and Shrimps (Decapoda) of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 33(4):vi + 335–448, figures 1–173.

Parks, Hal B., Clay Smith, and Jack Garrett

1939.   The East Texas Crayfish and Lepidopterous Insects. Technical Bulletin of Stephen F. Austin State Teachers College, 1(5):2.

Payne, J.F., and L.A. Riley

1974.   Notes on Crayfishes from the Chickasaw Basin. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 49(4):125–128, figure 1.

Pearse, A.S.

1911.   Report on the Crustacea Collected by the University of Michigan-Walker Expedition in the State of Vera Cruz, Mexico. In 13th Report of the Michigan Academy of Science, pages 108–113, figures 1–4.

Penn, George H., Jr.

1939.   The Type Locality of the Crawfish (Faxonius lancifer). American Midland Naturalist, 22(1):215.

1941.   Preliminary Report of a Survey of the Crawfishes of Louisiana. In Abstract of Papers Presented at the Eighty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the New Orleans Academy of Sciences, page 8.

1942.   Observations on the Biology of the Dwarf Crawfish, Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon). American Midland Naturalist, 28(3):644–647, figure 1.

1946.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 36(1):27–29, figure 1.

1950a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Louisiana (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(5):166–169, figures 1–9.

1950b. The Genus Cambarellus in Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 44(2):421–426, figure 1.

1950c. A New Orconectes from the Pontchartrain Watershed in Louisiana and Mississippi (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40(11):381–384, figures 1–10.

1950d. Utilization of Crawfishes by Cold-blooded Vertebrates in the Eastern United States. American Midland Naturalist, 44(3):643–658, figures 1–3.

1952a. The Genus Orconectes in Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Midland Naturalist, 47(3):743–748.

1952b. A New Crawfish of the Virilis Section of the Genus Orconectes (Decapoda, Astacidae). Natural History Miscellanea, 109: 7 pages, figures 1–14.

1953a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana and Arkansas (Decapoda: Astacidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43(5):163–166, figures 1–12.

1953b. A Redescription of the Crawfish Procambarus hinei (Ortmann) (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 1(5):63–68, figures 1–15.

1953c. A New Burrowing Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Louisiana and Mississippi (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 1(6):71–76, figures 1–12.

1953d. Two New Crawfishes of the Genus Procambarus from Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). American Museum Novitates, 1636:1–10, figures 1–19.

1953e. Classification. In Mel Washburn, Percy Viosca, Jr., and George Henry Penn, All About Crawfish. Louiaiana Conservationist, 5(6):2–7, illustrated.

1955.   A New Cambarus of the Diogenes Section from North Louisiana (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 3(4):73–81, figures 1–13.

1956a. A New Crawfish of the Genus Procambarus from Arkansas (Crustacea, Astacidae). Lloydia, 19(2):109–119, figures 1–17

1956b. The Genus Procambarus in Louisiana. American Midland Naturalist, 6(2):406–422.

1957.   Variation and Subspecies of the Crawfish Orconectes palmeri. Tulane Studies in Zoology, 5(10):231–262, figures 1–30.

1959.   An Illustrated Key to the Crawfishes of Louisiana, with a Summary of Their Distribution within the State (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 7(1):3–20, figures 1–86.

1962.   A New Crawfish of the Hinei Section of the Genus Procambarus (Decapoda, Astacidae). Crustaceana, 3(3):222–226, figures 1–11.

1963.   A New Crawfish from the Hatchie River in Mississippi and Tennessee (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 76(15):121–125, figures 1–10.

Penn, George Henry, Jr., and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1958.   A Contribution toward a Knowledge of the Crayfishes of Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Texas Journal of Science, 10(4):452–483, figures 1–68.

Penn, George Henry, Jr., and Guy Marlow

1959.   The Genus Cambarus in Louisiana. American Midland Naturalist, 61(1):191–203, figures 1–14.

Pennak, Robert W.

1953.   Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United States. ix + 769 pages, 470 figures. New York: The Ronald Press Company.

Peters, Daniel J.

1975.   The Entocytherid Ostracod Fauna of the James and York River Basins with a Description of a New Member of the Genus Entocythere. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Research Division Bulletin, 93:iii + 50 pages, figures 1–15.

Pflieger, William L.

1987a. An Introduction to the Crayfish of Missouri. Missouri Conservationist, 48(4):17–31, illustrated in color.

1987b. Reprint of 1987a with pagination 1–15.

Philippi, R.A.

1882.   Zoolojía chilena. Anales de la Universidad de Chile, 61:624–628, 1 plate.

1894.   Dos palabras sobre la sinonimia de los crustáceous, decápodos, braquiuros o Jaivas de Chile. Anales de La Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 87:369–379.

Phillips, Gary S.

1980.   The Decapod Crustaceans of Iowa. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 87(3):81–95, figures 1–6.

1981.   Decapods of Iowa (Part III). Iowa Science Teachers Journal, 18(2):13–19, figures 1–10.

1982.   A Study of the Taxonomic Validity of Orconectes iowaensis Fitzpatrick. [Abstract.] Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 89(1):27.

Phillips, Gary S., and Larry A. Reis

1979.   Distribution and Ecology of Orconectes iowaensis Fitzpatrick and Orconectes rusticus (Girard) in Minnesota. Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, 45(3):18–19, figure 1.

Pilgrim, R.L.C.

1960.   Muscle Receptor Organs in Some Decapod Crustacea. Comparative Biochemical Physiology, 1:248–257, figures 1–3.

Poeppig, E.

1835.   Reise in Chile, Peru und auf dem Amaxonenstrome, während der Jahre 1827–1832. Volume 1, xviii + 466 pages. [Reprinted 1960 in single volume with plates and atlas: xvii + 464 pages. Stuttgart: F.A. Brockhaus Komm.-Gesch.]

Porter, Cárlos E.

1904.   Materiales para la fauna carcinolójica de Chile, III: Algunos datos sobre dos parastácidos. Revista Chilena Historia Natural, 8:254–261, figures 24, 25; plate 9.

1917.   Los crustáceos de la expedición a Taitao. Boletín del Museo Nacional Chile, 10:94–101, figures 60, 61.

Price, F.M.

1900.   The Eyes of Cambarus pellucidus [title, without text, of a paper presented to the Academy]. Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, 1899:155.

Price, James O., and James F. Payne

1977.   The Life Cycle of Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus Williams (Crustacea; Decapoda; Cambaridae). [Abstract.] ASB Bulletin, 24(2):79.

Prins, Rudolph

1968.   A New Crayfish of the Genus Cambarus from North Carolina (Decapoda, Astacidae). Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 84(4):458–461, figures 1–11.

Prins, Rudolph, and Joseph F. Fitzpatrick, Jr.

1965.   The First-Form Male of Orconectes bisectus Rhoades, a Poorly Known Kentucky Crawfish. American Midland Naturalist, 74(1): 141–147, figures 1–12.

Prins, Rudolph, and Horton H. Hobbs, Jr.

1972.   A New Crayfish of the Subgenus Puncticambarus from the Savannah River Drainage with Notes on Cambarus (P.) reburrus Prins (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(47):411–420, figure 1.

Rabé, Felix

1890.   La question de l’écrevisse. 86 pages, figures 1–11. Sezanne: H. Patoux.

Rafinesque, C.S.

1817.   Synopsis of Four New Genera and Ten New Species of Crustacea, Found in the United States. American Monthly Magazine and Critical Revue, 2:40–43.

Randall, J. W.

1840.   Catalogue of the Crustacea Brought by Thomas Nuttall and J.K. Townsend, from the West Coast of North America and the Sandwich Islands…Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 3(1):106–147, 5 plates.

Rao, K. Ranga, and Milton Fingerman

1983.   Regulation of Release and Mode of Action of Crustacean Chromatophorotropins. American Zoologist, 23(3):517–527, figures 1–4.

Rathbun, Mary J.

1910.   The Stalk—eyed Crustacea of Peru and the Adjacent Coast Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 38:531–620, figures 1–3; plates 36–56.

1926.   The Fossil Stalk-eyed Crustacea of the Pacific Slope of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 138: vii + 155 pages, figures 1–6, 39 plates.

Ray, Johnny, and Verl Stevens

1970.   Using Baytex to Control Crayfish in Ponds. Progressive Fish-Culturist, 33:58–69.

Reddell, James R.

1981.   A Review of the Cavernicole Fauna of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize. Texas Memorial Museum, Bulletin, 27: 327 pages, figures 1–87.

Reimer, Rollin D.

1966.   Two New Species of the Genus Cambarus from Arkansas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology, 13(1):9–15, figures 1–18.

1969.   A Report on the Crawfishes (Decapoda, Astacidae) of Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences, 48:49–65, figures 1–46.

1975.   Procambarus (Girardiella) curdi, a New Crawfish from Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19(1, 2):22–25, figures 1–9.

Reimer, Rollin D., and William J. Clark

1974.   Decapod Crustaceans of the Navasota River System in Central Texas. Southwestern Naturalist, 19(2):167–178, figures 1–47.

Reimer, Rollin D., and Douglas B. Jester

1975.   A New Crawfish of the Genus Orconectes from Conchas Lake, New Mexico. Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19(1, 2): 17–21, figures 1–7.

Relyea, Kenneth, and Bruce Sutton

1975a. Egg-bearing in the Troglobitic Crayfish Procambarus pallidus (Hobbs). Florida Scientist, 36(2–4):173–175, 1 figure.

1975b. A New Troglobitic Crayfish of the Genus Procambarus from Florida (Decapoda, Astacidae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19(1, 2):8–16, figures 1–4.

Reynolds, J.D.

1979.   The Introduction of Freshwater Crayfish Species for Aquaculture in Ireland. In Proceedings of a Symposium, The Introduction of Exotic Species, Advantages and Problems, pages 57–64. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.

Rhoades, Rendell

1941a. The Distribution of Cambarus sloani Bundy, in Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science, 41(2):93–98, figures 1–6.

1941b. Notes on Some Crayfishes from Alabama Caves, with the Description of a New Species and a New Subspecies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91(3129):141–148, figures 35, 36.

1942.   A List of the Crawfishes of Ohio. Mimeographed “Leaflet” of the Division of Conservation and Natural Resources, Department of Agriculture, State of Ohio, pages 1–3.

1944a. The Crayfishes of Kentucky, with Notes on Variation, Distribution and Descriptions of New Species and Subspecies. American Midland Naturalist, 31(1):11l–149, figures 1–10.

1944b. Further Studies on Distribution and Taxonomy of Ohio Crayfishes and the Description of a New Subspecies. Ohio Journal of Science, 44(2):95–99.

1959.   A Review of the Status of Orconectes inermis Cope and a Suggested Nomenclatural Change. American Midland Naturalist, 61(2):399–402.

Riegel, J. A.

1959.   The Systematics and Distribution of Crayfishes in California. California Fish and Game, 45(l):29–50, figures 1–10.

Riek, Edgar F.

1971.   The Freshwater Crayfishes of South America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84(16):129–136, figure 1.

Rietz, N.M.

1912.   Ecological Relations of the Crawfishes of Illinois. B.S. Thesis, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. [Not seen. See Page, 1985b:335.]

Rioja, Enrique

1941.   Estudios Carcinologicos, VII: Las especias del género Entocythere (Crust. Ostrácodos). Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 12(1):193–198.

1953.   Los crustaceos cavernícolas de México. Memorio del Congreso Científico Mexicano, 7:285–298.

Roberts, Tilden W.

1944.   Light, Eyestalk Chemical, and Certain Other Factors as Regulators of Community Activity for the Crayfish Cambarus virilis Hagen. Ecological Monographs, 14(4):350–392, figures 1–21.

Root, Waverley

1979.   Take This Crab and Stuff It. Washington Post (Washington, D.C.), 25 November 1979, pages K1, 2.

Rudolph, Eric, and Hernan Rivas

1988.   Nuevo hallazgo de Samastacus araucanius (Faxon, 1914) (Decapoda: Parastacidae). Biota (Osomo, Chile), 4:73–78, figure 1.

Sanders, Robert R.

1967.   Alphabetical Synopsis of the Crayfish Pacifastacus trowbridgeii (Stimpson). Carolina Tips, 30(9):33, figure 1.

Saussure, Henri de

1857a. Note carcinologique sur la famille des Thalassides et sur celle des Astacides. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, series 2, 9:99–102.

1857b. Diagnoses de quelques crustacés nouveaux de l’Amérique tropicale. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, series 2, 9:501–505.

1858.   Mémoire sur divers crustacés nouveaux des Antilles et du Mexique. Mémoires de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Genève, 14:417–496, 6 plates.

Say, Thomas

1817.   An Account of the Crustacea of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1(6):165–169.

Schapiro, Harriette C.

1975.   Immunity in Decapod Crustaceans. American Zoologist, 15:13–19.

Schurr, J.M., and M.N. Stamper

1962.   Model for the Accumulation of Strontium and Calcium by Recently Molted Crayfish (Cambarus longulus longerostris [sic]). Limnology and Ocenography, 7:474–477, figure 1.

Schuster, Guenter Anton

1973.   A Description and Life History Notes of a New Species of Crayfish of the Subgenus Jugicambarus from Madison County, Kentucky, vi + 50 pages, 3 figures. Master's thesis. Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond.

1976.   A New Primary Burrowing Crayfish of the Subgenus Jugicambarus (Decapoda, Cambaridae) from Kentucky, with Notes on Its Life History. American Midland Naturalist, 95(l):225–230, figure 1.

Seaman, E.A.

1979.   Observations on Carassius auratus (Linnaeus) Harvesting Potamogeton foliosus Raf. in a Small Pond in Northern Virginia. Fisheries, 4(3):24–25.

Shinozaki, H., and Michiko Ishida

1981.   Effects of Muscimol on the Crayfish Neuromuscular Junction. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 70C:49–53, figures 1–6.

Shufeldt, R.W.

1897.   Crayfish and Crabs. In R.W. Shufeldt, Chapters on the Natural History of the United States, pages 54–63. New York: Studer Brothers.

1898.   Some Observations on Crayfish. Shooting and Fishing (December 29), 25(11):227.

Smith, Douglas G.

1979.   Variability of Crayfish of the Virilis Section (Cambaridae: Orconectes), Introduced into New England and Eastern New York. American Midland Naturalist, 102(2):388–391, figures 1, 2.

1981a. Life History Parameters of the Crayfish Orconectes limosus (Raf.) in Southern New England. Ohio Journal of Science, 81(4):169–172, figures 1, 2.

1981b. A Note on the Morphological Variability of Orconectes kinderhookensis (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Hudson River System in New York. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1(3):389–391.

1988.   Crustacea Malacostraca (Crayfish, Isopods, Amphipods). In Keys to the Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Massachusetts, 3: iii + 58 pages, figures 1–49. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Quality Engineering, Division of Water Pollution Control.

Smith, Kenneth L.

1984.   The Status of Cambarus zophonastes Hobbs and Bedinger, an Endemic Crayfish from Arkansas. 12 pages + title page, contents, and three attachments Report of the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission [Little Rock], December 1984.

Spitzy, Reinhard N.

1976.   The Use of Idioms in Astacology. In James W. Avault, Jr., editor. Freshwater Crayfish, pages 443–445 Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Division of Continuing Education, Louisiana Sute University.

Sprague, Victor, and John Couch

1971.   An Annotated List of Protozoan Parasites, Hyperparasites, and Commensals of Decapod Crustacea. Journal of Protozoology, 18(3)526–537

Steele, Mary

1902.   The Crayfish of Missouri. University of Cincinnati Bulletin, series 2, 2(10):l–54, 6 plates.

Stevenson, J. Ross

1967.   Lack of Correlation of Some Growth and Developmental Processes in the Crayfish. [Abstract.] American Zoologist, 7(2):208.

Stewart, James H.

1986.   Biologists Study Group of Prairie Crayfish. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin, l1(8, 9):15, figure 1.

Stimpson, William

1857a. Notices of New Species of Crustacea of Western North America; Being an Abstract from a Paper to be Published in the Journal of the Society. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6(6):84–89.

1857b. On the Crustacea and Echinodermata of the Pacific Shores of North America, Part I: Crustacea. Boston Journal of Natural History, 6(4):444–532.

Straskraba, M.

1969.   Lista de los crustaceos dulceacuicolas de Cuba y sus relaciones zoogeográficas. Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Instituto de Biología, Serie Biológica, 8:1–37.

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Explanation of Illustrations

All of the illustrations except Figure 14d, which was redrawn from Villalobos (1952:527), and Figures 365 and 369, which were modified from Buckup and Rossi (1980), were made from camera lucida drawings sketched during the preparation of this manuscript or its predecessor (Hobbs, 1974b). The lettering used in Figure 1 applies to Figures 2 through 7; that in Figure 8, to Figures 9 through 123, 128 through 210, and 375 through 378; that in Figure 124, to Figures 125 through 127; that in Figure 211, to Figures 212 through 364, and Figure 379; and that in Figure 365, to Figures 366–374.

FIGURES 1–7.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male; b, mesial view of first pleopod of male; c, lateral view of first pleopod of male; d, dorsal view of chela of male.

FIGURES 8–123, 128–210, 375–378.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male, form I; b, mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I; d, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II; e, annulus ventralis and postannular sclerite; f, dorsal view of right chela of male, form I. (Figure 14d after Villalobos, 1952.)

FIGURES 124–127.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male, form I; b, mesial view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, caudal view of first pleopod of male, form I; d, caudal view of first pleopod of male, form II; e, annulis ventralis and postannular sclerites; f, dorsal view of right chela of male, form I.

FIGURES 211–364, 379.—a, dorsal view of carapace of male, form I; b, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form I; c, lateral view of distal part of first pleopod of male, form I; d, mesial view of distal part of first pleopod of male, form I; e, lateral view of first pleopod of male, form II; f, annulus ventralis and postannular sclerite; g, dorsal view of right chela of male, form I.

FIGURES 365–374.—a, dorsal view of carapace; b, epistome and basal podomere of antennae; c, caudal view of basal podomeres of fifth pereiopods; d, dorsal view of carpus of right cheliped; e, lateral view of carpus of right cheliped; f, dorsal view of chela. (Figures 365 and 369 after Buckup and Rossi, 1980.)

Figures 1-379

1. Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) connectens

2. Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) gambelii

3. Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) fortis

4. Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) nigrescens

5. Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus leniusculus

6. Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus klamathensis

7. Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus trowbridgii

8. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) occidentalis

9. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) alvarezi

10. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chapalanus

11. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chihuahuae

12. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) areolatus

13. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) prolixus

14. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) montezumae

15. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzcuarensis

16. Cambarellus (Cambarellus) zempoalensis

17. Cambarellus (Dirigicambarus) shufeldtii

18. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) blacki

19. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) schmitti

20. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) lesliei

21. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer

22. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) texanus

23. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) ninae

24. Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) diminutus

25. Barbicambarus cornutus

26. Bouchardina robisoni

27. Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus

28. Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi

29. Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii

30. Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris

31. Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii cavatus

32. Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi

33. Cambarus (Cambarus) sciotensis

34. Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni

35. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) halli

36. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi

37. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus

38. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus

39. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reflexus

40. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) pyronotus

41. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) sphenoides

42. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) catagius

43. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) truncatus

44. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis

45. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) strigosus

46. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) deweesae

47. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) harti

48. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus

49. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) graysoni

50. Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus

51. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi

52. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) rusticiformis

53. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti

54. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus

55. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) ornatus

56. Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis

57. Cambarus (Exilicambarus) cracens

58. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosawattae

59. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) fasciatus

60. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus

61. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris

62. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus

63. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) manningi

64. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus

65. Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) speciosus

66. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi

67. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) obeyensis

68. Cambarus (Jueicambarus) distans

69. Cambarus (Jueicambarus) unestami

70. Cambarus (Jueicambarus) narvaculus

71. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis

72. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus

73. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crinipes

74. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus

75. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi

76. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) nodosus

77. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus

78. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius

79. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis

80. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) batchi

81. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi

82. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes

83. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi

84. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus

85. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes

86. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus

87. Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) acanthura

88. Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes

89. Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) ludovicianus

90. Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) miltus

91. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) coosae

92. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus

93. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) georgiae

94. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus

95. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) cumberlandensis

96. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) parrishi

97. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius

98. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) buntingi

99. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus

100. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) scotti

101. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaueaensis

102. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hiwasseensis

103. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus

104. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus

105. Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus

106. Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus

107. Distocambarus (Distocambarus) crockeri

108. Distocambarus (Distocambarus) devexus

109. Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) cartsoni

110. Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) youngineri

111. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) macneesei

112. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) harpi

113. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) jeanae

114. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) strawni

115. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) dissitus

116. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens

117. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hedgpethi

118. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) caesius

119. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) uhleri

120. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hortoni

121. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) danielae

122. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) oryktes

123. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) byersi

124. Faxonella clypeata

125. Faxonella blairi

126. Faxonella creaseri

127. Faxonella beyeri

128. Hobbseus orconectoides

129. Hobbseus cristatus

130. Hobbseus prominens

131. Hobbseus valleculus

132. Hobbseus attenuatus

133. Hobbseus petilus

134. Orconectes (Orconectes) australis australis

135. Orconectes (Orconectes) australis packardi

136. Orconectes (Orconectes) incomptus

137. Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis inermis

138. Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis testii

139. Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus

140. Orconectes (Faxonius) limosus

141. Orconectes (Faxonius) wrighti

142. Orconectes (Faxonius) indianensis

143. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) difficilis

144. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) blacki

145. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) maletae

146. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) hathawayi

147. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) perfectus

148. Orconectes (Hespericambarus) deanae

149. Orconectes (Billecambarus) harrisonii

150. Orconectes (Rhoadesius) sloanii

151. Orconectes (Rhoadesius) kentuckiensis

152. Orconectes (Tragulicambarus) lancifer

153. Orconectes (Crockerinus) marchandi

154. Orconectes (Crockerinus) eupunctus

155. Orconectes (Crockerinus) obscurus

156. Orconectes (Crockerinus) propinquus

157. Orconectes (Crockerinus) jeffersoni

158. Orconectes (Crockerinus) virginiensis

159. Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii sanbornii

160. Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii erismophorous

161. Orconectes (Crockerinus) stannardi

162. Orconectes (Crockerinus) erichsonianus

163. Orconectes (Crockerinus) rafinesquei

164. Orconectes (Crockerinus) bisectus

165. Orconectes (Crockerinus) tricuspis

166. Orconectes (Crockerinus) illinoiensis

167. Orconectes (Crockerinus) shoupi

168. Orconectes (Procericambarus) quadruncus

169. Orconectes (Procericambarus) leptogonopodus

170. Orconectes (Procericambarus) acares

171. Orconectes (Procericambarus) punctimanus

172. Orconectes (Procericambarus) hylas

173. Orconectes (Procericambarus) peruncus

174. Orconectes (Procericambarus) rusticus

175. Orconectes (Procericambarus) saxatilis

176. Orconectes (Procericambarus) forceps

177. Orconectes (Procericambarus) placidus

178. Orconectes (Procericambarus) barrenensi

179. Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus chaenodactylh

180. Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus neglectus

181. Orconectes (Procericambarus) longidigitus

182. Orconectes (Procericambarus) mirus

183. Orconectes (Procericambarus) nana

184. Orconectes (Procericambarus) macrus

185. Orconectes (Procericambarus) spinosus

186. Orconectes (Procericambarus) putnami

187. Orconectes (Procericambarus) medius

188. Orconectes (Procericambarus) luteus

189. Orconectes (Procericambarus) menae

190. Orconectes (Procericambarus) ozarkae

191. Orconectes (Procericambarus) williams

192. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki meeki

193. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki brevis

194. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri palmeri

195. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri longimanus

196. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri creolanus

197. Orconectes (Buannulifictus) hobbsi

198. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) mississippiensis

199. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis

200. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) causeyi

201. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) immunis

202. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) holti

203. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) nais

204. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) cooperi

205. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) etnier

206. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) alabamensis

207. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) rhoade

208. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) validus

209. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) chickasawae

210. Orconectes (Gremicambarus) compressus

211. Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki

212. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae

213. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) sbordonii

214. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mexicanus

215. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriguezi

216. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae oaxacae

217. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae reddelli

218. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus

219. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) miranda

220. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni

221. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) zapoapensis

222. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni

223. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorous

224. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi

225. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus

226. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni

227. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis

228. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis

229. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveus

230. Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei

231. Procambarus (Capillicambarus) brazoriensis

232. Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis

233. Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei

234. Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans

235. Procambarus (Girardiella) curdi

236. Procambarus (Girardiella) reimeri

237. Procambarus (Girardiella) parasimulans

238. Procambarus (Girardiella) regiomontanus

239. Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis

240. Procambarus (Girardiella) liberorum

241. Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus vesticeps

242. Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus

243. Procambarus (Girardiella) connus

244. Procambarus (Girardiella) cometes

245. Procambarus (Girardiella) pogum

246. Procambarus (Girardiella) barbiger

247. Procambarus (Hagenides) advena

248. Procambarus (Hagenides) talpoides

249. Procambarus (Hagenides) carilus

250. Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes

251. Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus

252. Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis

253. Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campestris

254. Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus

255. Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi

256. Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus

257. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni

258. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri

259. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus

260. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum

261. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae

262. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae

263. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis

264. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae pubischelae

265. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae deficiens

266. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae

267. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus

268. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi

269. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) hubbelli

270. Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani

271. Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis

272. Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri

273. Procambarus (Orimannicus) pictus

274. Procambarus (Orimannicus) enoplosternum

275. Procambarus (Orimannicus) chacei

276. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus

277. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum

278. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus

279. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens

280. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus

281. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi

282. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus

283. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leitheuseri

284. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua

285. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus

286. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) erythrops

287. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) franzi

288. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidus

289. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) horsti

290. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) orcinus

291. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) delicatus

292. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae

293. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus

294. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi

295. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax

296. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis

297. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni

298. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitlae

299. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus

300. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii

301. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus

302. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae

303. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus

304. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei

305. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) geminus

306. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi

307. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus

308. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus

309. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) verrucosus

310. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) jaculus

311. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus

312. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris

313. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus

314. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) plumimanus

315. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) medialis

316. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei

317. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) marthae

318. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi

319. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) bivittatus

320. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis

321. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi

322. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi

323. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae

324. Procambarus (Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus

325. Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii

326. Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus

327. Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi

328. Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae

329. Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus

330. Procambarus (Pennides) robeti

331. Procambarus (Pennides) elegans

332. Procambarus (Pennides) versutus

333. Procambarus (Pennides) lylei

334. Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus

335. Procambarus (Pennides) clemmeri

336. Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi

337. Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai

338. Procambarus (Pennides) penni

339. Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe

340. Procambarus (Pennides) petersi

341. Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer

342. Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus

343. Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae

344. Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi

345. Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti

346. Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki

347. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) strenthi

348. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus

349. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae

350. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae

351. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii

352. Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes

353. Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis

354. Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai

355. Procambarus (Villalobosus) cuetzalanae

356. Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni

357. Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni

358. Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi

359. Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi

360. Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis

361. Procambarus (Villalobosus) xochitlanae

362. Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis

363. Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis

364. Troglocambarus maclanei

365. Parastacus brasiliensis

366. Parastacus pilimanus

367. Parastacus varicosus

368. Parastacus saffordi

369. Parastacus laevigatus

370. Parastacus defossus

371. Parastacus pugnax

372. Parastacus nicoleti

373. Samastaus spinifrons

374. Samastacus araucanius

375. Cambarus (Jugicambarus) aculabrum

376. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi

377. Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) gordoni

378. Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) devastator

379. Procambarus (Austrocambarus) olmecorum

Index

(Each name is followed by page numbers and, where applicable, a figure number in parentheses.)

ablusus, Procambarus, 72

ablusus, Procambarus (Pennides), 72, 87 (329)

acanthophorus, Procambarus, 52

acanthophoras, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 85 (223)

acanthura, Cambarus, 24

acanthura, Cambarus (Lacumicambarus), 24, 83 (87)

acantophorus, Procambarus, 52

acares, Orconectes, 45

acares, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 45, 85 (170)

acherontis, Cambarus, 51, 62, 68, 69

acherontis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 62

acherontis, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 62

acherontis, Procambarus, 62

acherontis, Procambarus (Lonnbergius), 62, 86, (271)

acherontis pallidus, Cambarus, 69

Actacus bimaculatus, 81

actus, Procambarus, 64

actus actus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 63

Acucauda, subgenus, 4, 51

aculabrum, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 87, 91 (375)

acuminatus, Cambarus, 25

acuminatus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 25

acuminatus, Cambaras (Cambarus), 25

acuminatus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 25, 83 (99)

acuminatus, Procambarus, 25

acuseyi, Orconectes, 39

acutissimus, Cambarus, 63

acutissimus, Procambarus, 63

acutissimus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 63, 86 (308)

acutissumus, Procambarus, 63

acutus, Cambarus, 63

acutus, Procambarus, 63

acutus acustus, Procambarus, 64

acutus acutus, Procambarus, 63

acutus acutus, Procambarus (Ortmanicus), 63

acutus acutus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 63, 86 (301)

acutus acutus, Procambasrus, 64

acutus blandingii, Procambarus, 64

acutus cuevachicae, Procambarus, 64

acutus cuevachicae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 64, 86 (302)

acutus var. A, Cambarus, 63

acutus var. B, Cambarus, 63

advena, Astacus, 51, 58

advena, Cambarus, 56, 58, 59

advena, Cambarus (Cambarus), 58

advena, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 58

advena, Procambarus, 58, 59

advena, Procambarus (Hagenides), 58, 59, 86 (247)

advena geodytes, Cambarus, 58

affinis, Astacus, 38

affinis, Astacus (Astacus), 39

affinis, Astacus (Cambaras), 39

affinis, Cambarus, 39

affinis, Camburus, 39

affinis, Faxonius, 39

affinis, Orconectes, 39

Agassizi, Parastacus, 81

agassizi, Parastacus, 81

agassizii, Parastacus, 81

agassizzi, Parastacus, 81

Alabamensis, Cambarus, 39

alabamensis, Cambarus, 39

alabamensis, Cambaras (Faxonius), 39

alabamensis, Faxonius, 39

alabamensis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 39

alabamensis, Orconectes, 39

alabamensis, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 39, 84 (206)

alabamensis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 39

Alleni, Cambarus, 60

alleni, Cambarus, 60

alleni, Cambarus (Cambarus), 60

alleni, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 60

alleni, Procambarus, 60

alleni, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 60, 86 (257)

allenii, Procambarus, 60

allenti, Procambarus, 60

alvarezi, Cambarellus, 8

alvarezi, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 8, 82 (9)

americanus, Cambaras, 7

americunus, Cambals, 7

ancylus, Procambarus, 64

ancylus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 64, 86 (293)

angustatus, Astacus, 64

angustatus, Cambarus, 64

angustatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 64

angustatus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 64

angustatus, Procambarus, 64

angustatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 64, 86 (282)

apalachicolae, Procambarus, 60

apalachicolae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus) 60, 86 (261)

araucanius, Parastacus, 80

araucanius, Samastacus, 3, 80, 87 (374)

archerontis, Cambarus, 62

areolatus, Cambarellus, 9

areolatus, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 8, 9, 82 (12)

argillicola, Bartonius, 29

argillicola, Cambarus, 29

argillicola, Cambarus (Bartonius), 29

asperimanus, Cambarus, 20

asperimanus, Cambarus (Jugicambaras), 20, 83 (72)

aspinosus, Cambarus, 27

Astacidae, 3, 4, 6

Astacidea, 3, 4

Astacoidea, 3, 4

Astacus, 3, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 20, 24, 29, 33, 35, 38, 43, 51, 58, 60, 63, 72, 79, 80

Astacus, subgenus, 6, 7, 12, 13, 38

astacus, 43

Astacus advena, 51, 58

Astacus affinis, 38

Astacus angustatus, 64

Astacus Astecus, 53

Astacus Aztecus, 52

Astacus Bartoni, 13

Astacus bartoni, 13

Astacus Bartonii, 3, 12, 13, 51

Astacus bartonii, 13

Astacus bimaculatus, 81

Astacus Blandingii, 3, 51, 63, 64

Astacus blandingii, 64

Astacus Brasiliensis, 79

Astacus brasiliensis, 79

Astacus braziliensis, 79

Astacus breviforceps, 6

Astacus Cambarus pellucidus, 45

Astacus Cambarus Stigius, 45

Astacus Carolinus, 21

Astacus chenoderma, 6

Astacus chilensis, 4, 80

Astacus chilensis auct., 80

Astacus chiliensis, 80

Astacus chinoderma, 6

Astacus ciliaris, 13

Astacus Cubensis, 52

Astacus cubensis, 52

Astacus fodiens, 29

Astacus fossarum, 77

Astacus fossor, 5, 24

Astacus Gambeli, 6

Astacus gambeli, 7

Astacus Gambelii, 6

Astacus gambelii, 7

Astacus gambelii connectens, 6

Astacus gambelii gambelii, 7

Astacus gambelli, 6

Astacus gambelli gambelli, 7

Astacus Gambellii, 7

Astacus Klamathensis, 6, 7

Astacus klamathensis, 7

Astacus klaymathensis, 7

Astacus laeviusculus, 7

Astacus latimanus, 12, 14, 15

Astacus leenisculus, 7

Astacus leniusculus, 7

Astacus limosus, 33, 38

Astacus maniculatus, 77

Astacus Mexicanus, 52

Astacus mexicanus, 52

Astacus Nicoleti, 80

Astacus nicoleti, 80

Astacus nigrescens, 7

Astacus nigrescens fortis, 6

Astacus nigrescens nigrescens, 7

Astacus obscuras, 36

Astacus oreganus, 5

Astacus pellucidus, 45

astacus pellucidus, 45

Astacus penicillatus, 60

Astacus pilimanus, 79, 80

Astacus polmanus, 80

Astacus propinquus, 36

Astacus pugnax, 3, 80

Astacus pusillus, 13

Astacus Ricoleti, 80

Astacus spiculifer, 74

Astacus spinifrons, 80, 81

Astacus subgrandialis, 6

Astacus troglodytes, 77

Astacus trowbridgei, 8

Astacus trowbridgi, 8

Astacus Trowbridgii, 8

Astacus trowbridgii, 8

Astacus Trownbridgi, 8

Astacus (Astacus) affinis, 39

Astacus (Astacus) Bartonii, 13

Astacus (Astacus) Chilensis, 80

Astacus (Astacus) Gambelii, 6

Astacus (Astacus) gambelii, 7

Astacus (Astacus) Klamathensis, 7

Astacus (Astacus) klamathensis, 7

Astacus (Astacus) leniusculus, 7

Astacus (Astacus) nigrescens, 7

Astacus (Astacus) Trowbridgii, 8

Astacus (Astacus) trowbridgii, 8

Astacus (C.) Chilensis, 3

Astacus (Cambarus) affinis, 39

Astacus (Cambarus) Bartonii, 13

Astacus (Cambarus) Blandingii, 64

Astacus (Cambarus) Carolinus, 21

Astacus (Cambarus) carolinus, 21

Astacus (Cambarus) chilensis, 80

Astacus (Cambarus) Cubensis, 52

Astacus (Cambarus) mexicanus, 52

Astacus (Cambarus) pellucidus, 45

Astacus (Cambarus) Wiegmanni, 5

Astacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus, 7

Astecus, Astacus, 53

Atkinsoni, Cambaras, 52

atkinsoni, Cambaras (Procambarus), 52

Atkinsoni, Procambarus, 52

atkinsoni, Procambarus, 52

atkinsoni, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 85 (226)

attenuatus, Hobbseus, 32, 84

australis, Orconectes, 44

australis australis, Orconectes, 44

australis australis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 85 (134)

australis packardi, Orconectes 44

australis packardi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 85 (135)

Austrocambaius, subgenus, 4, 12, 51

Aviticambarus, subgenus, 4, 12

Aviticambarus jonesi, 13

Ayersi, Cambaras, 23

ayersii, Cambarus, 23

Aztecus, Astacus, 52

Aztecus, Cambarus, 52

Aztecus, Cambaras, 52

aztecus, Procambarus, 53

aztecus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53

barbatus, Cambarus, 51, 60

baibatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 60

barbatus, Cambaras (Ortmannicus), 60

barbatus, Procambarus, 60, 61

barbatus, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 60, 86 (259)

Barbicambarus, 3, 4, 11

Barbicambarus, subgenus, 3

Barbicambarus cornutus, 12, 82 (25)

barbiger, Procambarus, 55

barbiger, Procambarus (Girardiella), 55, 85 (242)

barrenensis, Orconectes, 45

barrenensis, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 45, 85 (178)

Bartoni, Astacus, 13

bartoni, Astacus, 13

bartoni, Cambaras, 13

Bartoni, Cambarus, 13

bartoni, Cambarus, 12, 13

bartoni, Cambarus (Bartonius), 13, 14, 18

bartoni, Canbarus, 13

bartoni, Procambarus, 13

bartoni acuminatus, Cambarus, 25

bartoni asperimanus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 20

bartoni bartoni, Cambarus, 13

bartoni bartoni, Cambarus (Cambarus), 13

bartoni bartonii, Cambaras (Cambarus), 13

bartoni brevis, Cambarus, 17

bartoni carinirostris, Cambaras (Cambarus), 13

bartoni cavatus, Cambarus, 14

bartoni cavatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 14

bartoni laevis, Cambarus, 17

bartoni laevis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 17

bartoni longirostris, Cambarus (Bartonius), 19

bartoni longulus, Cambarus, 20

bartoni montanus, Cambaras, 13

bartoni ornatus, Cambarus, 18

bartoni robustus, Cambarus, 27

bartoni robustus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 27

bartoni sciotensis, Cambarus, 14

bartoni striatus, Cambarus, 16, 17

bartoni striatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 16

Bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus, 18

bartoni tenebrosus, Cambaras, 12, 17, 18

Bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 18

bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus (Banonius), 18

Bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus (Bartontius), 18

bartoni tenebrosus, Cambarus (Cambaras), 18

bartoni typicus, Cambarus, 13

bartoni var. robustus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 27

bartoni veteranus, Cambarus, 27

Bartonii, Astacus, 12, 13, 51

bartonii, Astacus, 13

Bartonii, Astacus (Astacus), 13

Bartonii, Astacus (Cambarus), 13

Bartonii, Cambarus, 13

bartonii, Cambarus, 13

bartonii, Cambarus (Cambaras), 13

bartonii, Camparas, 14

bartonii acuminatus, Cambarus, 25

bartonii asperimanus, Cambaras, 12, 20, 82

Bartonii Bartonii, Cambarus, 13

bartonii bartonii, Cambaras, 13, 16, 21

bartonii bartonii, Cambarus (Cambarus), 13 (29)

bartonii bartonii, Cambarus (cambarus), 13

bartonii carinirostris, Cambarus, 13

bartonii carinirostris, Cambarus (Cambarus), 13, 82 (30)

bartonii cavatus, Cambarus, 14

bartonii cavatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 14, 82 (31)

bartonii laevis, Cambarus, 17

bartonii longirostris, Cambarus, 19

bartonii longirostris, Cambarus (Cambarus), 19

Bartonii longulus, Cambarus, 20

bartonii longulus, Cambarus, 20

bartonii montanus, Cambarus, 13

bartonii omatus, Cambarus, 18

bartonii robusta, Cambarus, 27

Bartonii robustus, Cambarus, 27

bartonii robustus, Cambarus, 27

bartonii robustus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 27

bartonii sciotensis, Cambarus, 14

bartonii spinirostris, Cambarus, 19

bartonii striatus, Cambarus, 17

bartonii striatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 16

bartonii tenebrosus, Cambarus, 18

bartonii tenebrosus, Cambarus (Cambaras), 18

Bartonii var. longirostris, Cambarus, 19

bartonii var. longirostris, Cambaras, 19

Bartonii var. robusta, Cambaras, 27

bartonii veteranus, Cambaras, 27

Bartonius, 3, 13, 29

Bartonius, subgenus, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 24, 25, 29

bartonius, Cambarus, 13

Bartonius argillicola, 29

bartonius bartoni, Cambarus, 13

Bartonius diogenes, 24

Bartonius ortmanni, 14

bartonni, Cambaras, 13

Bartontius, 12

Bartontius, subgenus, 17

batchi, Cambaras (Jugicambarus), 20, 83 (80)

baumgartneri, Cambarus, 58

beyeri, Faxonella, 31, 84 (127)

beyeri, Orconectes (Faxonella), 31

Billecambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33

bimaculatus, Astacus, 81

bimaculatus, Parastacus, 81

bisectus, Faxonius, 35

bisectus, Orconectes, 35

bisectus, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 35, 84 (164)

bisectus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 35

bivittatus, Procambarus, 64

bivittatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 64, 86 (319)

blacki, Cambarellus, 10

blacki, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 10, 82, (18)

blacki, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 42, 43, 85 (144)

blairi, Faxonella, 31, 84

blandingi, Cambaras (Cambaras), 64

blandingi acutis, Cambaras, 63

blandingi acutus, Cambarus, 63

blandingi acutus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 63

blandingi acutus, Ortmannicus, 63

blandingi blandingi, Cambaras (Cambaras), 64

blandingiacutus, Cambaras, 63

blandingi-typicus, Cambaras, 64

Blandingii, Astacus, 3, 51, 63, 64

blandingii, Astacus, 64

Blandingii, Astacus (Cambaras), 64

Blandingii, Cambarus, 63, 64

blandingii, Cambarus, 63

blandingii, Cambaras (Ortmannicus), 64

blandingii, Procambarus, 64

blandingii, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 64, 86 (300)

Blandingii, var. acuta, Cambarus, 63

blandingii acutus, Cambarus, 63

blandingii acutus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 63

blandingii acutus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 63

blandingii acutus, Camborus, 63

blandingii acutus, Procambarus, 63

blandingii blandingii, Cambaras, 63, 64

blandingii blandingii, Procambarus, 63, 64

blandingii cuevachicae, Cambarus, 64

blandingii cuevachicae, Procambarus, 64

blandingii var. acuta, Cambarus, 63

Blandingii var. Blandingii, Cambarus, 64

bouchardi, Cambarus, 20

bouchardi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 20, 83 (66)

bouchardi, Cambarus (Veticambarus), 20

Bouchardina, 3, 4, 12

Bouchardina robisoni, 12, 82 (26)

Bourchardina, 12

Bourchardina robinsoni, 12

boutoni, Cambarus, 13

bouvieri, Cambarus, 63

bouvieri, Cambarus (Cambarus), 51, 63

bouvieri, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 63

bouvieri, Procambarus, 63

bouvieri, procambarus, 63

bouvieri, Procambarus (Mexicambarus), 63, 86 (272)

brachydactylus, Cambarus, 20

brachydactylus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 83 (74)

brasilensis, Parastacus, 79

Brasiliensis, Astacus, 7

brasiliensis, Astacus, 79

brasiliensis, Parastacus, 79, 87 (365)

braziliensis, Astacus, 79

braziliensis, Parastacus, 79

brazorensis, Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 55

brazoriensis, Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 55, 85 (231)

breviforceps, Astacus, 6

Buannulifictus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 34

buntingi, Cambarus, 25

buntingi, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 25, 83 (98)

burrisi, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 87, 91 (376)

byersi, Cambarus, 29

byersi, Fallicambarus, 29

byersi, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 29, 84 (123)

byersi, Procambarus, 29

Caambarus, 8

Caambarus montezumae areolatus, 9

caballeroi, Pocambarus, 65

caballeroi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (321)

cabarus, 12

Cabmarus, 12

Cabmarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes, 24 (85)

caecus, Cambarus, 45

caesius, Fallicambarus, 29

caesius, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 29, 84 (118)

cahni, Cambarus, 18

cahni, Cambaras (Cambaras), 18

cahni, Cambarus (Erebicambaras), 18

calrkii, Cambarus, 76

Camabaras, 12

Camarus, 35

Camarus hamuetus, 12

Camarus propinquus, 37

Cambals, 6, 7

Cambals americunus, 7

Cambaras, 6, 7, 12, 13

Cambaras americanus, 7

Cambaras bartoni, 13

Cambaraus, 12

Cambarella, 8, 10

Cambarella shufeldti, 10

Cambarellinae, 3, 4, 8

Cambarellus, 1, 3, 4, 8, 10, 51

Cambarellus, subgenus, 4, 8, 10

Cambarellus alvarezi, 8

Cambarellus areolatus, 9

Cambarellus blacki, 10

Cambarellus campalanus, 9

Cambarellus chapalanus, 9

Cambarellus chihauhuae, 9

Cambarellus chihuahuae, 9

Cambarellus cubensis, 52

Cambarellus diminutus, 10

Cambarellus leslei, 11

Cambarellus lesliei, 11

Cambarellus montazumae, 9

Cambarellus Montezumae, 9

Cambarellus montezumae, 9

Cambarellus montezumae areolatus, 8

Cambarellus montezumae chapalanus, 9

Cambarellus montezumae dugesi, 9

Cambarellus montezumae dugesii, 9

Cambarellus montezumae forma lermensis, 9

Cambarellus montezumae forma zempoalensis, 10

Cambarellus montezumae lermensis, 9

Cambarellus montezumae montezumae, 9

Cambarellus montezumae Occidentalism, 9

Cambarellus montezumae patzcuarensis, 9

Cambarellus montezumae var. areolata, 9

Cambarellus montezumae var. tridens, 9

Cambarellus montezumae zempoalensis, 10

Cambarellus ninae, 11

Cambarellus occidentalis, 9

Cambarellus patzacuarensis, 9

Cambarellus patzcuarensis, 9

Cambarellus prolixus, 10

Cambarellus puer, 11

Cambarellus schmitti, 8, 10, 11

Cambarellus schufeldi, 10

Cambarellus shufeldti, 10

Cambarellus shufeldtii, 10

Cambarellus shufeldtli, 10

Cambarellus shufeltdii, 10

Cambarellus shulfeldtii, 10

Cambarellus texanus, 11

Cambarellus zempoalensis, 10

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) alvarezi, 8, 82 (9)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) areolatus, 9, 82 (12)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chapalanus, 9, 82 (10)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) chihuahuae, 9, 82 (11)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) montezumae, 9, 82 (14)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) occidentalis, 9, 82 (8)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzcuarensis, 9, 10, 82 (15)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) patzquarensis, 9

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) prolixus, 10, 82 (13)

Cambarellus (Cambarellus) zempoalensis, 10, 82 (16)

Cambarellus (Dirigicambarus) shufeldtii, 10, 82 (17)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) blacki, 10, 82 (18)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) diminutus, 10, 82 (24)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) lesliei, 11, 82 (20)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) ninae, 11, 82 (23)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) puer, 11, 82 (21)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) schmitti, 11, 82 (19)

Cambarellus (Pandicambarus) texanus, 11, 82 (22)

Cambaridae, 4, 8

Cambarinae, 3, 4, 11

Cambarinus, 12

Cambaroides, 12, 19

Cambaroides longulus, 20

Cambaroidinae, 3

Cambarrus, 33, 35

Cambarrus propinquus, 37

Cambaru, 51, 72

Cambaru spiculifer, 75

Cambarug, 12

Cambarus, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 19, 20, 24, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 42, 43, 45, 50, 51, 55, 58, 60, 62, 63, 72, 75, 76, 77

cambarus, 12

Cambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 24, 25, 29, 33, 43, 51, 55, 58, 60, 62, 63, 72, 75, 76, 77

Cambarus acanthura, 24

Cambarus acherontis, 51, 62, 68, 69

Cambarus acherontis pallidus, 69

Cambarus acuminatus, 25

Cambarus acutissimus, 63

Cambarus acutus, 63

Cambarus acutus var. A, 63

Cambarus acutus var. B, 63

Cambarus advena, 56, 58, 59

Cambarus advena geodytes, 58

Cambarus affinis, 39

Cambarus Alabamensis, 39

Cambarus alabamensis, 39

Cambarus Alleni, 60

Cambarus alleni, 60

Cambarus angustatus, 64

Cambarus archerontis, 62

Cambarus argillicola, 29

Cambarus asperimanus, 20

Cambarus aspinosus, 27

Cambarus atkinsoni, 52

Cambarus ayersi, 23

Cambarus ayersii, 23

Cambarus Aztecus, 52

Cambarus aztecus, 52

Cambarus barbatus, 51, 60, 61

Cambarus Bartoni, 13

Cambarus bartoni, 12, 13

Cambarus bartoni acuminatus, 25

Cambarus bartoni bartoni, 13

Cambarus bartoni brevis, 17

Cambarus bartoni cavatus, 14

Cambarus bartoni laevis, 17

Cambarus bartoni longulus, 20

Cambarus bartoni montanus, 13

Cambarus bartoni ornatus, 18

Cambarus bartoni robustus, 27

Cambarus bartoni sciotensis, 14

Cambarus bartoni striatus, 17

Cambarus Bartoni tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus bartoni tenebrosus, 12, 17

Cambarus bartoni typicus, 13

Cambarus bartoni veteranus, 27

Cambarus Bartonii, 13

Cambarus bartonii, 13

Cambarus bartonii acuminatus, 25

Cambarus bartonii asperimanus, 12, 20

Cambarus Bartonii Bartonii, 13

Cambarus bartonii bartonii, 13, 16, 21

Cambarus bartonii carinirostris, 13

Cambarus bartonii cavatus, 14

Cambarus bartonii laevis, 17

Cambarus bartonii longirostris, 19

Cambarus Bartonii longulus, 20

Cambarus bartonii longulus, 20

Cambarus bartonii montanus, 13

Cambarus bartonii ornatus, 18

Cambarus bartonii robusta, 27

Cambarus Bartonii robustus, 27

Cambarus bartonii robustus, 27

Cambarus bartonii sciotensis, 14

Cambarus bartonii spinirostris, 19

Cambarus bartonii striatus, 17

Cambarus bartonii tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus Bartonii var. longirostris, 19

Cambarus bartonii var. longirostris, 19

Cambarus Bartonii var. robusta, 27

Cambarus bartonii veteranus, 27

Cambarus bartonius, 13

Cambarus bartonius bartoni, 13

Cambarus banonni, 13

Cambarus baumgartneri, 58

Cambarus blandingi acutis, 63

Cambarus blandingi acutus, 63

Cambarus blandingiacutus, 63

Cambarus blandingi-typicus, 64

Cambarus Blandingii, 64

Cambarus blandingii, 63

Cambarus blandingii acutus, 63

Cambarus blandingii blandingii, 63, 64

Cambarus blandingii cuevachicae, 64

Cambarus Blandingii, var. acuta, 63

Cambarus blandingii var. acuta, 63

Cambarus Blandingii var. Blandingii, 64

Cambarus bouchardi, 20

Cambarus boutoni, 13

Cambarus bouvieri, 63

Cambarus brachydactylus, 21

Cambarus buntingi, 25

Cambarus byersi, 29

Cambarus caecus, 45

Cambarus cahni, 18

Cambarus calrkii, 76

Cambarus carinauis, 75

Cambarus carolinensis, 21

Cambarus Carolinus, 21, 56, 58

Cambarus carolinus, 21, 56

Cambarus carolinus carolinus, 21

Cambarus carolinus dubius, 22

Cambarus carolinus monongalenses, 22

Cambarus carolinus monongalensis, 22

Cambarus catagius, 14

Cambarus causeyi, 21

Cambarus chapalamus, 9

Cambarus chapalanus, 9

Cambarus chaplanus, 9

Cambarus chasmodactylus 19

Cambarus clarki, 76

Cambarus clarki paeninsulanus, 77

Cambarus Clarkii, 76

Cambarus clarkii, 76

Cambarus clarkii clarkii, 76

Cambarus clarkii paeninsulanus, 51, 77

Cambarus clarkipaenensulanus, 76

Cambarus clypeatus, 3, 31

Cambarus Coecus, 45

Cambarus coecus, 45

Cambarus compressus, 40

Cambarus conasaugaensis, 21

Cambarus conasougaensis, 21

Cambarus consobrinus, 52

Cambarus contrerasi, 77

Cambarus comutus, 12

Cambarus Couesi, 42

Cambarus couesi, 42

Cambarus cousei, 42

Cambarus cousii, 42

Cambarus creolanus, 34

Cambarus crinipes, 21

Cambarus cristatus, 32

Cambarus cryptodytes, 22

cambarus cryptodytes, 22

Cambarus Cubensis, 52

Cambarus cubensis consobrinus, 52

Cambarus cubensis cubensis, 52

Cambarus cubensis rivalis, 52

Cambarus cumberlandensis, 26

Cambarus cymatilis, 15

Cambarus debilis, 42

Cambarus deweesae, 15

Cambarus difficilis, 33, 42, 43

Cambarus digneti, 75

Cambarus digniti, 75

Cambarus Digueti, 51, 75

Cambarus digueti, 75

Cambarus diistans, 22

Cambarus Diogenenes, 24

Cambarus Diogenes, 24

Cambarus diogenes, 12, 24

Cambarus diogenes, ludoviciana, 24

Cambarus Diogenes Diogenes, 24

Cambarus Diogenes diogenes, 24

Cambarus diogenes diogenes, 24

Cambarus diogenes ludoviciana, 24

Cambarus diogenes ludovicianus, 24

Cambarus Diogenes var. Ludoviciana, 24

Cambarus dissitus, 30

Cambarus distans, 22

Cambarus dubius, 22

Cambarus englishi, 15

Cambarus erichsoni, 35

Cambarus erichsonianus, 35

Cambarus erichsonionus, 35

Cambarus evermanni, 66

Cambarus extraneous, 26

Cambarus extraneus, 12, 25, 26

Cambarus extraneus Girardanius, 19

Cambarus extraneus girardianus, 19

Cambarus extranius, 26

Cambarus extranus, 26

Cambarus Fallax, 66

Cambarus fallax, 66

Cambarus faxonii, 50

Cambarus floridanus, 17

Cambarus fodiens, 29

Cambarus forceps, 33, 45

Cambarus fossarum, 77

Cambarus fossor, 24

Cambarus friaufi, 22

Cambarus gallinas, 58

Cambarus gallinus, 58

Cambarus Gambeli, 7

Cambarus gambelli, 7

Cambarus gentryi, 22

Cambarus Girardianus, 19

Cambarus girardianus, 19

Cambarus gracilis, 56

Cambarus gracillis, 56

Cambarus graysoni, 15

Cambarus gulielmi, 35

Cambarus Hagenianus, 51, 55, 56

Cambarus hagenianus, 56

Cambarus hagenianus evansi, 57

Cambarus halli, 15

Cambarus hamueatus, 12

Cambarus hamuetus, 12

Cambarus hamulatus, 12

Cambarus harrisoni, 33

Cambarus Harrisonii, 33

Cambarus harrisonii, 33

Cambarus Hayi, 66

Cambarus hayi, 66

Cambarus hedgpethi, 29

Cambarus hedgepethi, 30

Cambarus heini, 55

Cambarus hiawasseensis, 26

Cambarus hinei, 55

Cambarus Hiwasseenis, 26

Cambarus hiwasseensis, 26

Cambarus howardi, 14

Cambarus hubbelli, 61

Cambarus hubbsi, 17

Cambarus hubricht, 17

Cambarus Hubrichti, 17

Cambarus hubrichti, 17

Cambarus hylas, 46

Cambarus Iatimanus, 17

Cambarus immunis, 40, 41

Cambarus immunis Hagenianus 41

Cambarus immunis immunis, 40

Cambarus immunis spinirostris, 40

Cambarus immunis var. spinostris, 40

Cambarus indianensis, 38

Cambarus inermis, 44

Cambarus jonesi, 13

Cambarus Jordani, 15

Cambarus jordani, 15

Cambarus juvenalis, 49

Cambarus juvenilis, 49

Cambarus kilbyi, 61

Cambarus Klamathensis, 7

Cambarus laevi, 18

Cambarus laevis, 17

Cambarus lancifer, 33, 50

Cambarus latimanus, 15, 16, 17

Cambarus latimanus striatus, 16

Cambarus latimus, 15, 17

Cambarus LeContei, 67

Cambarus Lecontei, 67

Cambarus lecontei, 67

Cambarus limosus, 39

Cambarus lobdelli, 29

Cambarus longerosilis, 19

Cambarus longidigitus, 46

Cambarus longimanus, 35

Cambarus longimonus, 35

Cambarus longirostris, 19

Cambarus longulus, 12, 19, 20

Cambarus longulus chasmodactylus, 19

Cambarus longulus longerostris, 19

Cambarus longulus longirosilis, 19

Cambarus longulus longirostris, 19

Cambarus longulus longulous, 20

Cambarus longulus longulus, 20

Cambarus lucifugus, 5

Cambarus lucifugus alachua, 68

Cambarus lucifugus lucifugus, 68

Cambarus ludovicianus, 24

Cambarus ludovicianus ludovicianus, 25

Cambarus lunzi, 69

Cambarus macneese, 31

Cambarus maniculatus, 77

Cambarus medius, 47

Cambarus meeki, 34

Cambarus meekii, 34

Cambarus Mexicanus, 52

Cambarus mexicanus, 52

Cambarus miltus, 25

Cambarus Mississippiensis, 41

Cambarus mississippiensis, 41

Cambarus mongalensis, 22

Cambarus monongalensis, 22

Cambarus montanus, 13

Cambarus montanus acuminatus, 25

Cambarus montanus montanus, 13

Cambarus Montezumae, 8, 9

Cambarus montezumae, 9

Cambarus montezumae areolatus, 8

Cambarus montezumae chapalanus, 9

Cambarus montezumae dugesi, 9

Cambarus montezumae dugesii, 9

Cambarus Montezumae Montezumae, 9

Cambarus montezumae montezumae, 9

Cambarus montezumae occidentalis, 9

Cambarus Montezumae var. areolata, 8

Cambarus Montezumae var. tridens, 9

Cambarus montezumae var. tridens, 9

Cambarus naïs, 41

Cambarus Nais, 41

Cambarus nais, 41

Cambarus Nebrascensis, 24

Cambarus nebrascensis, 24

Cambarus neglecta, 48

Cambarus neglectus, 47

Cambarus nerterius, 26

Cambarus obesus, 24

Cambarus obesus var. latimanus, 15

Cambarus obeyensis, 23

Cambarus obscura, 36

Cambarus obscurus, 36

Cambarus obscurus sanborni, 37

Cambarus obstipus, 16

Cambarus omatus, 18

Cambarus ortmanni, 14

Cambarus oryktes, 30

Cambarus paeninsulanus, 77

Cambarus pallidus, 69

Cambarus Palmeri, 33, 34, 35

Cambarus palmeri, 35

Cambarus palmeri longimanus, 35

Cambarus palmeri palmeri, 35

Cambarus paradoxus, 72

Cambarus parvoculus, 23

Cambarus Pealei, 39

Cambarus pealei, 39

Cambarus Pellucidus, 45

Cambarus pellucidus, 45

Cambarus pellucidus australis, 44

Cambarus pellucidus inermis, 44

Cambarus pellucidus pellucidus, 45

Cambarus pellucidus testi, 44

Cambarus pellucidus testii, 44

Cambarus pellucidus var. testii, 44

Cambarus pellucidus variety inermis, 44

Cambarus pelludicus, 45

Cambarus pelosus, 41

Cambarus pelucidus, 45

Cambarus pelulcidus, 45

Cambarus penicillatus, 60, 64

Cambarus pictus, 70

Cambarus pilosimanus, 53

Cambarus pilosus, 41

Cambarus placidus, 48

Cambarus primaevus, 5, 53

Cambarus primoevus, 53

Cambarus pristinus, 12, 28

Cambarus prominens, 33

Cambarus propinguus, 39

Cambarus propinkuus, 37, 38

Cambarus Propinquus, 37

Cambarus propinquus, 36

Cambarus propinquus obscura, 36

Cambarus propinquus obscurus, 36

Cambarus propinquus propinquus, 36

Cambarus propinquus sanborni, 37, 38

Cambarus propinquus Sanbornii, 37

Cambarus propinquus sanbornii, 37

Cambarus propinquus typicus, 37

Cambarus propinquus var. obscura, 36

Cambarus propinquus var. sanborni, 37

Cambarus propinquus var. sanbornii, 37

Cambarus pubescens, 70

Cambarus pusillus, 13

Cambarus Putnami, 49

Cambarus putnami, 49

Cambarus pyronotus, 16

Cambarus rathbunae, 62

Cambarus reburrus, 27

Cambarus reduncus, 16

Cambarus rinmunis, 40

Cambarus robustis, 27

Cambarus robustus, 27

Cambarus rogersi, 59

Cambarus rusticiformis, 18

Cambarus rustics placidus, 48

Cambarus rusticus, 49

Cambarus rusticus, var. placida, 48

Cambarus rusticus, var. placidus, 48

Cambarus rusticus forceps, 45

Cambarus rusticus placidus, 48

Cambarus rustrineus rustrineus, 49

Cambarus ruthveni, 54

Cambarus Sanbornii, 33, 35, 37

Cambarus schmittii, 5, 11

Cambarus sciotensis, 14

Cambarus setosus, 23

Cambarus shoupi, 38

Cambarus shufeldti, 10

Cambarus Shufeldtii, 8, 10

Cambarus shufeldtii, 10

Cambarus signifer, 40

Cambarus similans, 58

Cambarus simulana, 58

Cambarus simulans, 57

Cambarus sloanei, 50

Cambarus sloani, 50

Cambarus Sloanii, 50

Cambarus sloanii, 33, 50

Cambarus sphenoides, 16

Cambarus spicatus, 27

Cambarus spiculifer, 74

Cambarus spinirostris, 19

Cambarus spinosus, 50

Cambarus spinosus gulielmi, 35

Cambarus strawni, 29, 30, 31

Cambarus striatus, 17

Cambarus Stygius, 45, 63

Cambarus stygius, 45, 63

Cambarus tartarus, 23

Cambarus tenebrorus, 18

Cambarus tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus troglodyles, 77

Cambarus troglodytes, 77

Cambarus troglodytus, 77

Cambarus typhlobius. 44, 45

Cambarus Uhleri, 30

Cambarus uhleri, 30

Cambarus unestami, 23

Cambarus validus, 42

Cambarus validus Faxonius, 41

Cambarus valleculus, 33

Cambarus versutus, 75

Cambarus veteranus, 27

Cambarus viae-viridis, 71

Cambarus viridis, 42

Cambarus virile, 42

Cambarus viriles, 42

Cambarus virilis, 33, 39, 42

Cambarus virilis, 42

Cambarus virilus, 42

Cambarus vusticus, 49

Cambarus whitmani, 46

Cambarus Wiegmanni, 5

Cambarus wiegmanni, 5

Cambarus wisconsiensis, 42

Cambarus wisconsinensis, 42

Cambarus zophonastes, 24

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) hamulatus, 12, 82 (27)

Cambarus (Aviticambarus) jonesi, 13, 82 (28)

Cambarus (Barbicambaras) cornutus, 10

Cambarus (Bartonius) acuminatus, 25

Cambarus (Bartonius) argillicola, 29

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni, 13, 14, 18

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni longirostris, 19

Cambarus (Bartonius) Bartoni tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus (Bartonius) bartoni var. robustus, 27

Cambarus (Bartonius) carolinus, 21

Cambarus (Bartonius) cornutus, 12

Cambarus (Bartonius) diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Bartonius) extraneus, 26

Cambarus (Bartonius) fodiens, 29

Cambarus (Bartonius) girardianus, 19

Cambarus (Bartonius) hamulatus, 12

Cambarus (Bartonius) hubbsi, 17

Cambarus (Bartonius) jordani, 16

Cambarus (Bartonius) latimanus, 16

Cambarus (Bartonius) latimanus var. striatus, 16

Cambarus (Bartonius) longulus, 20

Cambarus (Bartonius) monongalensis, 22

Cambarus (Bartonius) ortmanni, 14

Cambarus (Bartonius) robustus, 27

Cambarus (Bartonius) setosus, 23

Cambarus (Bartonius) uhleri, 30

Cambarus (Bartontius) Bartoni tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus (Cambarellus) chapalanus, 9

Cambarus (Cambarellus) Montezumae, 9

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae, 9

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae areolatus, 8

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae dugesi, 9

Cambarus (Cambarellus) montezumae occidentalis, 9

Cambarus (Cambarellus) shufeldti, 10

Cambarus (Cambarus) acherontis, 62

Cambarus (Cambarus) acuminatus, 25

Cambarus (Cambarus) advena, 58

Cambarus (Cambarus) alleni, 60

Cambarus (Cambarus) angustatus, 64

Cambarus (Cambarus) barbatus, 60

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni asperimanus, 20

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni bartoni, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni bartonii. 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni carinirostris, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni cavatus, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni laevis, 17

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni robustus, 27

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni striatus, 16

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartoni tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii bartonii, 13, 82 (29)

Cambarus (cambarus) bartonii bartonii, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii carinirostris, 13, 82 (30)

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii cavatus, 14, 82 (31)

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii longirostris, 19

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii robustus, 27

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii striatus, 16

Cambarus (Cambarus) bartonii tenebrosus, 18

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi, 64

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi acutus, 63

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingi blandingi, 64

Cambarus (Cambarus) blandingii acutus, 63

Cambarus (Cambarus) bouvieri, 51, 63

Cambarus (Cambarus) cahni, 18

Cambarus (Cambarus) carolinus, 21

Cambarus (Cambarus) clarki, 76

Cambarus (Cambarus) contrerasi, 77

Cambarus (Cambarus) cornutus, 12

Cambarus (Cambarus) cryptodytes, 21

Cambarus (Cambarus) cubensis, 52

Cambarus (Cambarus) digueti, 75

Cambarus (Cambarus) diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Cambarus) evermanni, 66

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus, 25, 26

Cambarus (Cambarus) extraneus girardianus, 19

Cambarus (Cambarus) fallax, 66

Cambarus (Cambarus) floridanus, 17

Cambarus (Cambarus) fodiens, 29

Cambarus (Cambarus) gracilis, 56

Cambarus (Cambarus) hagenianus, 56

Cambarus (Cambarus) hamulatus, 12

Cambarus (Cambarus) hayi. 66

Cambarus (Cambarus) hinei, 51, 55

Cambarus (Cambarus) howardi, 14, 83

Cambarus (Cambarus) jordani, 16

Cambarus (Cambarus) latimanus, 16

Cambarus (Cambarus) latimanus striatus, 16

Cambarus (Cambarus) lecontei, 67

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longirostris, 19

Cambarus (Cambarus) longulus longulus, 20

Cambarus (Cambarus) mexicanus, 52

Cambarus (Cambarus) monongalensis, 22

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus acuminatus, 25

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus montanus, 13

Cambarus (Cambarus) montanus veteranus, 27

Cambarus (Cambarus) ortmanni, 14, 83 (34)

Cambarus (Cambarus) pellucidus, 45

Cambarus (Cambarus) pubescens, 70

Cambarus (Cambarus) sciotensis, 14, 83 (33)

Cambarus (Cambarus) setosus, 23

Cambarus (Cambarus) simulans, 58

Cambarus (Cambarus) spiculifer, 75

Cambarus (Cambarus) troglodytes, 77

Cambarus (Cambarus) uhleri, 30

Cambarus (Cambarus) versutus, 75

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) catagius, 14, 83 (42)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) cymatilis, 14, 83 (44)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) deweesae, 15, 83 (46)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) englishi, 15, 83 (36)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) floridanus, 17

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) graysoni, 15, 17, 83 (49)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) halli, 15, 83 (35)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) harti, 15, 83 (47)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) jordani, 16

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) latimanus, 15, 16, 83 (38)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) obstipus, 16, 83 (37)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) pyronotus, 16, 83 (40)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reduncus, 16, 83 (50)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) reflexus, 16, 83 (39)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) sphenoides, 16, 83 (41)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) striatus, 15, 16, 17, 83 (48)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) strigosus, 17, 83 (45)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) trancatus, 17, 83 (43)

Cambarus (Depressicambarus) unestami, 23

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) cahni, 18

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubbsi, 17, 83 (51)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) hubrichti, 17, 83 (53)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) Laevis, 18

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis, 17, 18, 83 (56)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis, 17

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus, 87, 91

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) omatus, 18, 83 (55)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) rusticiformis. 18, 83 (52)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) tenebrosus, 18, 83 (54)

Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis, 18

Cambarus (Eribicambarus) laevis, 18

Cambarus (Exllicambarus) cracens, 12, 18, 83 (57)

Cambarus (Faxonius) alabamensis, 39

Cambarus (Faxonius) compressus, 40

Cambarus (Faxonius) creaseri, 35

Cambarus (Faxonius) difficilis, 43

Cambarus (Faxonius) difficulis, 43

Cambarus (Faxonius) crichsonianus, 35

Cambarus (Faxonius) forceps, 45

Cambarus (Faxonius) harrisoni, 34

Cambarus (Faxonius) hylas, 46

Cambarus (Faxonius) immunis, 41

Cambarus (Faxonius) indianemis, 38

Cambarus (Faxonius) juvenilis, 49, 50

Cambarus (Faxonius) lancifer, 50

Cambarus (Faxonius) limosus, 39

Cambarus (Faxonius) longidigitus, 46

Cambarus (Faxonius) medius, 47

Cambarus (Faxonius) meeki, 34

Cambarus (Faxonius) mississippiensis, 41

Cambarus (Faxonius) nais, 41

Cambarus (Faxonius) neglectus, 47

Cambarus (Faxonius) obscuras, 36

Cambarus (Faxonius) palmeri, 35

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus, 45

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus australis, 44

Cambarus (Faxonius) pellucidus testi, 44

Cambarus (Faxonius) peruncus, 48

Cambarus (Faxonius) pilosus, 41

Cambarus (Faxonius) propinquus, 37

Cambarus (Faxonius) propinquus sanborni, 37

Cambarus (Faxonius) putnami, 49

Cambarus (Faxonius) ruslicus, 49

Cambarus (Faxonius) rasticus forceps, 45

Cambarus (Faxonius) rasticus miras, 47

Cambarus (Faxonius) rasticus placidus, 48

Cambarus (Faxonius) rasticus rasticus, 49

Cambarus (Faxonius) sloanei, 50

Cambarus (Faxonius) spinosus, 50

Cambarus (Faxonius) validus, 42

Cambarus (Faxonius) virilis, 42

Cambarus (Fexonius) pellucidus, 45

Cambarus (Fraxonius) propinquus, 36

Cambarus (Girardiella) gracilis, 56

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus carri, 57

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus evansi, 57

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus forestae, 55

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus forrestae, 55

Cambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus, 56

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) chasmodactylus, 19, 83 (64)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosae, 25

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) coosawattae, 19, 83 (58)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) fasciatus, 19, 83 (59)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) girardianus, 19, 83 (60)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longirostris, 19, 83 (61)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) longulus, 20, 83 (62)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) manningi, 20, 83 (63)

Cambarus (Hiaticambarus) speciosus, 20, 83 (65)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) aculabram, 87, 91 (375)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) asperimanus, 20, 83 (72)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) batchi, 20, 83 (80)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) bouchardi, 20, 83 (66)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) brachydactylus, 21, 83 (74)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) carolinus, 21, 83 (77)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) causeyi, 21, 83 (83)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) conasaugaensis, 21, 83 (71)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crinipes, 21, 83 (73)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) cryptodytes, 21, 22, 83 (82)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) crytodytes, 22

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) distans, 22, 83 (68)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) dubius, 22, 83 (78)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) friaufi, 22, 83 (75)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) gentryi, 22, 83 (81)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) monongalensis, 22, 83 (79)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) nodosus, 23, 83 (76)

Cambarus (Jugicambaras) obeyensis, 23, 83 (67)

Cambarus (Jugicambaras) parvoculus, 23. 83 (70)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) setosus, 23, 83 (84)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) tartarus, 23, 83 (86)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) unestami, 23, 83 (69)

Cambarus (Jugicambarus) zophonastes, 24, 83 (85)

Cambarus (Lacunacambarus) diogenes diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) acanthura, 24, 83 (87)

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes, 24, 83 (88)

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes Diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) diogenes diogenes, 24

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus)diogenes ludovicianus, 25

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) ludovicianus, 24, 83 (89)

Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) miltus, 25, 83 (90)

Cambarus (Orconectes) pellucidus, 45

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) acherontis, 62

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) advena, 58

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) alleni, 60

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus, 64

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) barbatus, 60

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii, 64

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii acutus, 63

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) bouvieri, 63

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) clarkii, 76

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) cookae, 67

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni, 66

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) evictus, 63

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax, 66

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) gracilis, 56

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hagenianus, 56

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi, 66

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) hinei, 55

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei, 67

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei, 70

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens, 70

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) simulans, 58

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) spiculifer, 75

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) troglodytes, 77

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) versutus, 75

Cambarus (Ortmannicus) viae viridis, 71

Cambarus (Paracambarus) harnedi, 51

Cambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus, 51, 72

Cambarus (Paracamburus) paradoxus, 72

Cambarus (Procambarus) atkinsoni, 52

Cambarus (Procambarus) contrerasi, 77

Cambarus (Procambarus) cubensis, 52

Cambarus (Procambarus) digueti, 75

Cambarus (Procambarus) mexicanus, 52

Cambarus (Procambarus) pilosimanus, 53

Cambarus (Procambarus) williamsoni, 54

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) acuminatus, 25, 83 (99)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) buntingi, 25, 83 (98)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) chaugaensis, 25, 83 (101)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) coosae, 25, 26, 83 (91)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) cumberlandensis, 26, 83 (95)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) extraneus, 26, 83 (92)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) georgiae, 26, 83 (93)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hiwasseensis, 26, 83 (102)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) nerterius, 26, 83 (97)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) parrishi, 27, 83 (96)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) reburrus, 27, 83 (103)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) robustus, 27, 83 (104)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) scotti, 27, 83 (100)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) spicatus, 27, 84 (94)

Cambarus (Puncticambarus) veteranus, 27, 84 (105)

Cambarus (Veticambarus) bouchardi, 20

Cambarus (Veticambarus) obeyensis, 23

Cambarus (Veticambarus) pristinus, 28, 84 (106)

Cambaurs, 12

Cambaus, 12, 51, 76

Cambaus clarkii, 76

Cambaus cubensis, 52

Camberellus, 8

Camberus, 12

Camborus, 33, 35, 51

Camborus blandingii acutus, 63

Camborus propinquus, 37

Cambrarus, 12

Cambraus, 12

Cambraus dubius, 22

Cambrus, 6, 33, 43

Cambrus Gambelii, 6

Cambrus pellucidus, 45

Camburus, 12, 16, 33, 39

Camburus affinis, 39

Camburus viridis, 42

campalanus, Cambarellus, 9

Camparus, 12

Camparus bartonii, 14

Camtarus, 33, 43

Camtaras (Orconectes) pellucidus, form inermis, 45

Canbarus, 12

Canbarus bartoni, 13

capillatus, Procambarus, 60

capillatus, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 60, 86 (267)

Capillicambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 55

Carbarinae, 11

Carbarus, 12

Carbarus jonesi, 13

carinatus, Cambarus, 75

caritus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 58, 86 (249)

carlsoni, Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus), 28, 84 (109)

carolinensis, Cambarus, 21

Carolinus, Astacus, 21

Carolinus, Astacus (Cambarus), 21

carolinus, Astacus (Cambarus), 21

carolinus, Cambarus, 21, 56

Carolinus, Cambarus, 21, 56

carolinus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 21

carolinus, Cambarus (Camharus), 21

carolinus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 83 (77)

Carolinus Cambarus, 21, 58

carolinus carolinus, Cambarus, 21

carolinus dubius, Cambarus, 22

carolinus monongalenses, Cambarus, 22

carolinus monongalensis, Cambarus, 22

catagius, Cambarus, 14

catagius, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 14, 83 (42)

causeyi, Cambarus, 21

causeyi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 83 (83)

causeyi, Orconectes, 39

causeyi, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 39, 40, 84 (200)

chacei, Procambarus, 65

chacei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (275)

chapalamus, Cambarus, 9

chapalanus, Cambarellus, 9

chapalanus, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9, 82 (10)

chapalanus, Cambarus, 9

chapalanus, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 9

chaplanus, Cambarus, 9

chasmodactylus, Cambarus, 19

chasmodactylus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 19, 83 (64)

chaugaensis, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 25, 83 (101)

chenoderma, Astacus, 6

chenoderma, Pacifastacus, 6

chenoderma, Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus), 6, 82

chickasawae, Orconectes, 40

chickasawae, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 40, 84 (209)

chihauhuae, Cambarellus, 9

chihuahuae, Cambarellus, 9

chihuahuae, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9, 82 (11)

chilensis, Astacus, 4, 80

Chilensis, Astacus (Astacus), 80

Chilensis, Astacus (C.), 3

chilensis, Astacus (Cambarus), 80

Chilensis, Parastacus, 80

chiliensis, Parastacus, 80

chilensis auct, Astacus, 80

chiliensis, Astacus, 80

chinoderma, Astacus, 6

ciliaris, Astacus, 13

Cityphlobius, 45

Citypbobius, 33, 44

clarcii, Procambarus, 76

clarki, Cambarus, 76

clarki, Cambarus (Cambarus), 76

clarki, Procambarius, 76

clarki, Procambarus, 76

clarki, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 76

clarki paeninsulanus, Cambarus, 77

Clarkii, Cambarus, 76

clarkii, Cambarus, 76

clarkii, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 76

clarkii, Cambaus, 76

clarkii, Combaras, 76

clarkii, Procambambarus, 76

clarkii, Procambarus, 76

clarkii, Procambarus (Cambarus), 76

clarkii, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 76, 87 (351)

clarkii, Procamborus, 76

clarkii, Procambrus, 76

clarkii, Procamburus, 76

clarkii clarkii, Cambarus, 76

clarkii clarkii, Procambarus, 76

clarkii paeninsulanus, Cambarus, 51, 76

clarkii paeninsulanus, Procambarus, 77

clarkipaenensulanus, Cambarus, 76

clemmeri, Procambarus, 73

clemmeri, Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (335)

clypeata, Faxonella, 32, 84 (124)

clypeata, Orconectes, 31

clypeata, Orconectes (Faxonella), 31

clypeata, Procambarus, 31

clypeatus, Cambarus, 3, 31

clypeatus, Faxonella, 32

clypcatus, Faxonius, 31

clypeatus, Faxonius (Faxonella), 31

clypeatus, Orconectes, 31

clypeatus, Orconectes (Faxonella), 32

clypeta, Faxonella, 32

clyptea, Faxonella, 32

Coecus, Cambarus, 45

coccus, Cambarus, 45

Combaras, 51, 76

Combarus clarkii, 76

cometes, Procambara, 56

cometes, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56, 86 (244)

compressus, Cambarus, 40

compressus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 40

compressus, Faxonius, 40

compressus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 40

compressus, Orconectes, 40

compressus, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 40, 84 (210)

compressus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 40

conasaugaensis, Cambarus, 21

conasaugaensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 83 (71)

conasougaensis, Cambarus, 21

conectens, Pacifastacus, 6

connectens, Pacifastacus, 6

connectens, Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus), 6, 82 (1)

connos, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56

connus, Procambarus, 56

connus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56, 86 (243)

consobrinus, Cambarus, 52

consobrinus, Procambarus, 52

contrerasi, Cambarus, 77

contrerasi, Cambarus (Cambarus), 77

contrerasi, Cambarus (Procambarus), 77

contrerasi, Procambarus, 77

contrerasi, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 77, 87 (358)

cookae, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 67

cooperi, Orconectes, 40

cooperi, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 40, 84 (204)

coosae, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 25

coosae, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 25, 26, 83 (91)

coosawattae, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 19, 83 (58)

cornutus, Barbicambarus, 12, 82 (Fig. 25)

cornutus, Cambarus, 11, 12

cornutus, Cambarus (Barbicambarus), 12

cornutus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 12

cornutus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 12

Couesi, Cambarus, 42

couesi, Cambarus, 42

cousei, Cambarus, 42

cousii, Cambarus, 42

cracens, Cambarus (Exilicambarus), 12, 18, 83 (57)

Crangonyx lucifugus, 5

creaseri, Cambarus (Faxonius), 35

creaseri, Faxonella, 32, 84 (126)

Creaserinus, subgenus, 29

creolanus, Cambarus, 34

creolanus, Faxonius, 34

creolanus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 34

creolanus, Orconectes, 34

creolanus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

Creserineus, subgenus, 29

crinipes, Cambarus, 21

crinipes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 83 (73)

crisiatus, Cambarus, 32

cristatus, Hobbseus, 32, 84

crockeri, Distocambarus, 28

crockeri, Distocambarus (Distocambarus), 28, 84 (107)

Crockerinus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 35

cryptodytes, Cambarus, 22

cryptodytes, camharus, 22

cryptodytes, Cambarus (Cambarus), 21

cryptodytes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 21, 22, 83 (82)

crytodytes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22

Cubensis, Astacus, 52

cubensis, Astacus, 52

Cubensis, Astacus (Cambarus), 52

cubensis, Cambarellus, 52

Cubensis, Cambarus, 52

cubensis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 52

cubensis, Cambarus (Procambarus), 52

cubensis, Cambaus, 52

cubensis, Procambarus C., 52

cubensis consobrinus, Cambarus, 52

cubensis consobrinus, Procambarus, 52

cubensis cubensis, Cambarus, 52

cubensis cubensis, Procambarus, 52

cubensis cubensis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 85 (228)

cubensis rivalis, Cambarus, 52

cubensis rivalis, Procambarus, 52

cubensis rivalis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 85 (227)

cuetzalanae, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 77, 87 (355)

cumberlandensis, Cambarus, 26

cumberlandensis, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 26, 83 (95)

curdi, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56, 86 (235)

cylpeata, Faxonella, 32

cymatilis, Cambarus, 15

cymatilis, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 14, 83 (44)

danielae, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 29, 84 (121)

deanae, Orconectes, 43

deanae, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 43, 85 (148)

debilis, Cambarus, 42

defossus, Parastacus, 79, 87

delicatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (291)

denae, Orconectes, 43

denae, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 43

Depressicambarus, subgenus, 4, 12, 14, 20

devastator, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus), 87, 91 (378)

devexus, Distocambarus, 28

devexus, Distocambarus (Distocambarus), 28, 84 (108)

devexus, Procambarus (Dislocambarus), 28

deweesae, Cambarus, 15

deweesae, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 83 (46)

difficilis, Cambarus, 33, 42, 43

difficilis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 43

difficilis, Faxonius 43

difficilis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 43

difficilis, Orconectes, 43

difficilis, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 42, 43, 85 (143)

difficilis, Orconectes (Orconectes) 43

difficilis blacki, Orconectes, 42

difficilis difficilis, Orconectes, 43

difficilis hathawayi, Orconectes, 42, 43

difficilis maletae, Orconectes, 43

difficulis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 43

digneti, Cambarus, 75

digniti, Cambarus, 75

Digueti, Cambarus, 51, 75

digueti, Cambarus, 75

digueti. Cambarus, (Cambarus) 75

digueti, Cambarus, (Procambarus) 75

Digueti, Procambarus, 75

digueti, Procambarus, 75

digueti, Procambarus (Procambarus), 75, 87 (345)

diistans, Cambarus, 22

diminutus, Cambarellus, 10

diminutus, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 10, 82 (24).

Diogenenes, Cambarus, 24

diogenes, Bartonius, 24

Diogenes, Cambarus, 24

diogenes, Cambarus, 12, 24

diogenes, Cambarus (Bartonius), 24

diogenes, Cambarus (Cambarus), 24

diogenes, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 24

diogenes, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 24, 83 (88)

diogenes. Sambarus, 24

Diogenes Diogenes, Cambarus, 24

Diogenes diogenes, Cambarus, 24

diogenes diogenes, Cambarus, 24

diogenes Diogenes, Cambarus (Lacunacambarus), 24

diogenes diogenes, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 24

diogenes ludoviciana, Cambarus, 24

diogenes ludovicianus. Cambarus, 24

diogenes ludovicianus, Cambarus (lacunicambarus), 25

Diogenes var. Ludoviciana, Cambarus, 24

Dirigicambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 8, 10

dissitus, Cambarus, 30

dissilus, Fallicambarus, 30

dissitus, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus), 30, 84 (115)

distans, Cambarus, 22

distans, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22, 83 (68)

Distocambarus, 4, 28

Distocambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 28

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) crockeri, 28, 84 (107)

Distocambarus (Distocambarus) devexus, 28, 84 (108)

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) carlsoni, 28, 84 (109)

Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus) youngineri, 28, 84 (110)

Distocambarus crockeri, 28

Distocambarus devexus, 28

dubius, Cambarus, 22

dubius, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22, 83 (78)

dubius, Cambraus, 22

dupratzi, Procambarus, 73

dupraizi, Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (336)

echinatus, Procambarus, 73

echinatus, Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (334)

econfinae, Procambarus, 61

econfinae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 61, 86 (262)

efinifrons, Parastacus, 81

elegans, Procambarus, 73

elegans, Procambaus (Pennides), 73, 87 (331)

englishi, Cambarus, 15

englishi, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 83 (36)

enoplosternum, Procambaris, 65

enoplosternum, Procambarus, 65

enoplosternum, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (274)

enoplosteram, Procambarus, 65

epicyrtus, Procambarus, 65

epicyrtus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (276)

ercichsoni, Procambarus, 78

Erebicambarus, subgenus, 4, 12, 17

Erebicambaruss, 17

Eribicambarus, 17

erichsoni, Cambarus, 35

erichsoni, Procambarus, 78

erichsoni, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (357)

erichsonianus, Cambarus, 35

erichsonianus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 35

erichsonianus, Faxonius, 35

erichsonianus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 35

erichsonianus, Orconectes, 35

erichsonianus, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 35, 84 (162)

erichsonianus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 35

erichsonionus, Cambarus, 35

ericichsoni, Procambarus, 78

erythrops, Procambarus, 65

erythrops, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 65, 86 (286)

escambiensis, Procambarus, 61

escambiensis, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 60, 61, 86 (263)

etnieri, Orconectes, 40

etnieri, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 40, 84, (205)

eupunctus, Faxonius, 36

eupunctus, Orconecctes, 36

eupunctus, Orconectes, 36

eupunctus, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 36, 84 (154)

eupunctus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 36

evansi, Cambarus hagenianus, 57

evermani, Procambarus, 66

evermanni, Cambarus, 66

evermanni, Cambarus (Cambarus), 66

evermanni, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 66

evermanni, Procambarus, 66

evermanni, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (297)

evictus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 63

Exilicambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 12, 18

extraneous, Cambarus, 26

extraneus, Cambarus, 12, 25, 26

extraneus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 26

extraneus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 25, 26

extraneus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 26, 83 (92)

extraneus Girardanius, Cambarus, 19

extraneus girardianus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 19

extranius, Cambarus, 26

extranus, Cambarus, 26

Fallax, Cambarus, 66

fallax, Cambarus, 66

fallax, Cambarus (Cambarus), 66

fallax, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 66

fallax, Procambaris, 66

fallax, Procambarus, 66

fallax, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (295)

Fallicambarus, 3, 4, 29, 30

Fallicambarus, subgenus, 4, 30

Fallicambarus byersi, 29

Fallicambarus caesius, 29

Fallicambarus dissitus, 30

Fallicambarus fodiens, 29

Fallicambarus hedgepethi, 30

Fallicambarus hedgpethi, 30

Fallicambarus hortoni, 30

Fallicambarus macneesei, 31

Fallicambarus orykles, 30

Fallicambarus strawni, 31

Fallicambarus uhleri, 30

Fallicambarus (Creaserineus), fodiens 29

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) burrisi, 87, 91 (376)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) byersi, 29, 84 (123)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) caesius, 29, 84 (118)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) danielae, 29, 84 (121)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) fodiens, 29, 84 (116)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) gordoni, 87, 91 (377)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hedgpethi, 29, 30, 84 (117)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) hortoni, 30, 84 (120)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) orykles, 30, 84 (122)

Fallicambarus (Creaserinus) uhleri, 30, 84 (119)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambams) devastator, 87, 91 (378)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) dissitus, 30, 84 (115)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) harpi, 30, 84 (112)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) jeanae, 31, 84 (113)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) macneesei, 31, 84 (111)

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) spectrum, 31

Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus) strawni, 31, 84 (114)

fasciatus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 19, 83 (59)

Faxonella, 3, 4, 31

Faxonella, subgenus, 3, 31

Faxonella beyeri, 31, 84 (127)

Faxonella blairi, 31, 84 (125)

Faxonella clypeata, 31, 32, 84 (124)

Faxonella clypeatus, 32

Faxonella clypeta, 32

Faxonella clyptea, 32

Faxonella creaseri, 32, 84 (126)

Faxonella cylpeata, 32

Faxonicus, 33

faxonii, Cambarus, 50

Faxonius, 3, 4, 31, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 50

Faxonius, subgenus, 3, 35, 38, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50

Faxonius affinis, 39

Faxonius alabamensis, 39

Faxonius bisectus, 35

Faxonius clypeatus, 31

Faxonius compressus, 40

Faxonius creolanus, 34

Faxonius difficilis, 43

Faxonius erichsonianus, 35

Faxonius eupunctus, 35

Faxonius forceps, 45

Faxonius harrisonii, 34

Faxonius hathawayi, 43

Faxonius hobbsi, 34

Faxonius hylas, 46

Faxonius illinoiensis, 36

Faxonius immunis, 41

Faxonius indianensis, 38

Faxonius juvenilis, 49

Faxonius kentuckiensis, 50

Faxonius lancifer, 50

Faxonius leptogonopodus, 46

Faxonius limosus, 39

Faxonius longidigitus, 46

Faxonius longimanus, 35

Faxonius luteus, 46

Faxonius marchandi, 36

Faxonius medius, 47

Faxonius meeki, 34

Faxonius meeki brevis, 34

Faxonius meeki meeki, 34

Faxonius menae, 47

Faxonius mirus, 47

Faxonius mississippiensis, 41

Faxonius nais, 41

Faxonius nana macrus, 46

Faxonius nana nana, 47

Faxonius neglectus, 48

Faxonius neglectus chaenodactylus, 47

Faxonius neglectus neglectus, 48

Faxonius obscurus, 36

Faxonius ozarkae, 48

Faxonius palmeri, 35

Faxonius palmeri creolanus, 34

Faxonius palmeri longimanus, 35

Faxonius palmeri palmeri, 35

Faxonius peruncus, 48

Faxonius placidus, 48

Faxonius propinquus, 37

Faxonius propinquus jeffersoni, 36

Faxonius propinquus propinquus, 37

Faxonius punctimanus, 48

Faxonius quadruncus, 49

Faxonius rafinesquei, 37

Faxonius rhoadesi, 41

Faxonius rusticus, 49

Faxonius rusticus barrenensis, 45

Faxonius rusticus rusticus, 49

Faxonius sanborni, 37

Faxonius sanborni sanborni, 37

Faxonius shoupi, 38

Faxonius sloanii, 50

Faxonius tricuspis, 38

Faxonius validus, 42

Faxonius virginiensis, 38

Faxonius virilis, 42

Faxonius wrighti, 39

Faxonius (Faxonella) clypeatus, 31

Faxonius (Faxonius) alabamensis, 39

Faxonius (Faxonius) compressus, 40

Faxonius (Faxonius) creolanus, 34

Faxonius (Faxonius) difficilis, 43

Faxonius (Faxonius) erichsonianus, 35

Faxonius (Faxonius) forceps, 45

Faxonius (Faxonius) harrisonii, 34

Faxonius (Faxonius) hylas, 46

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis immunis, 41

Faxonius (Faxonius) immunis pedianus, 41

Faxonius (Faxonius) indianensis, 38

Faxonius (Faxonius) limosus, 39

Faxonius (Faxonius) longidigitus, 46

Faxonius (Faxonius) longimanus, 35

Faxonius (Faxonius) luteus, 46

Faxonius (Faxonius) medius, 47

Faxonius (Faxonius) meeki, 34

Faxonius (Faxonius) menae, 47

Faxonius (Faxonius) mirus, 47

Faxonius (Faxonius) mississippiensis, 41

Faxonius (Faxonius) nais, 41

Faxonius (Faxonius) neglectus, 48

Faxonius (Faxonius) obscurus, 36

Faxonius (Faxonius) palmeri, 35

Faxonius (Faxonius) peruncus, 48

Faxonius (Faxonius) placidus, 48

Faxonius (Faxonius) propinquus propinquus, 37

Faxonius (Faxonius) punctimanus, 48

Faxonius (Faxonius) quadruncus, 49

Faxonius (Faxonius) rusticus rusticus, 49

Faxonius (Faxonius) sanborni, 37

Faxonius (Faxonius) sloanii, 50

Faxonius (Faxonius) validus, 42

Faxonius (Faxonius) virilis, 42

ferrugineus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 87, 91

Fexonius, 33

Fitzcambarus, subgenus, 4, 28

fitzpatricki, Procambarus, 51

fitzpatricki, Procambarus (Acucauda), 51, 85 (211)

floridanus, Cambarus, 17

floridanus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 17

floridanus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 17

fodiens, Astacus, 29

fodiens, Cambarus, 29

fodiens, Cambarus (Bartonius), 29

fodiens, Cambarus (Cambarus), 29

fodiens, Fallicambarus, 29

fodiens, Fallicambarus (Creaserineus), 29, 84 (116)

fodiens, Procambarus Fallicambarus, 29

forceps, Cambarus, 33, 45

forceps, Cambarus (Faxonius), 45

forceps, Faxonius, 45

forceps, Faxonius (Faxonius), 45

forceps, Orconectes, 46

forceps, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 45, 46, 85 (176)

fortis, Pacifastacus, 6

fortis, Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus), 6, 82 (3)

fossarum, Astacus, 77

fossarum, Cambarus, 77

fossor, Astacus, 5, 24

fossor, Cambarus, 24

franzi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (287)

Fraxonius, 33

friaufi, Cambarus, 22

friaufi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22, 83 (75)

gallinas, Cambarus, 58

gallinus, Cambarus, 58

Gambarus, 12, 33, 44

Gambarus typhlobius, 45

Gambarus (Faxonius) meeki, 12, 33, 44

Gambeli, Astacus, 7

gambeli, Astacus, 7

Gambeli, Cambarus, 7

gambeli, Pacifastacus, 7

gambeli, Potamobius (Potamobius), 7

gambeli connectens, Pacifastacus, 6

Gambelii, Astacus, 6, 7

gambelli, Astacus, 7

Gambelii, Astacus (Astacus), 7

gambelii, Astacus (Astacus), 7

Gambelii, Cambrus, 6

gambelii, gambelii, Pacifastacus, 7

gambelii, Pacifastacus, 6, 7

gambelii, Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus), 6, 7, 82 (2)

gambelii connectans, Pacifastacus, 6

gambelii connectens, Astacus, 6

gambelii connectens, Pacifastacus, 6

gambelli gambelli, Astacus, 7

gambelii, Astacus, 7

gambelli, Cambarus, 7

gambelli gambelli, Astacus, 7

gambelli gambelli, Pacifastacus, 7

Gambellii, Astacus, 7

Gambelly, 6

Gambelly nigrescens, 7

geminus, Procambarus, 66

geminus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (305)

gentryi, Cambarus, 22

gentryi, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22, 83 (81)

geodytes, Procambarus, 58

geodytes, Procambarus (Hagenides), 58, 86 (250)

georgiae, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 26, 83 (93)

gibbus, Procambarus, 73

gibbus. Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (342)

Girardianus, Cambarus, 19

girardianus. Cambarus, 19

girardianus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 19

girardianus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 19, 83 (60)

girardianus, Cambarus extraneus, 19

Girardiella, subgenus, 3, 4, 51, 55

gonopodocristatus, Procambarus, 66

gonopodocristatus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (324)

gordoni, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 87, 91 (377)

gracilis, Cambarus, 56

gracilis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 56

Gracilis, Cambarus (Girardiella), 56

gracilis, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 56

gracilis, Procambarus, 56

gracilis, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56, 86 (241)

gracillis, Cambarus, 56

graysoni, Cambarus, 15

graysoni, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 83 (49)

Gremicambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 39

gulielmi, Cambarus, 35

Hagenianus, Cambarus, 55, 56

hagenianus. Cambarus, 56

hagenianus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 56

hagenianus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 56

hagenianus, Procambarus, 55, 56, 57

hagenianus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 55, 56, 57

hagenianus carri, Cambarus (Girardiella), 57

hagenianus evansi, Cambarus (Girardiella), 57

hagenianus forestae, Cambarus (Girardiella), 55

hagenianus forrestae, Cambarus (Girardiella), 55

hagenianus forrestae, Procambarus, 55

hagenianus hagenianus, Cambarus (Girardiella), 56

hagenianus hagenianus, Procambarus, 56

hagenianus hagenianus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 56, 86 (239)

hagenianus vesticeps, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86 (240)

Hagenides, subgenus, 4, 51, 58

halli, Cambarus, 15

halli, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 83 (35)

hamueatus, Cambarus, 12

hamuetus, Cambarus, 12

hamulatus. Cambarus, 12

hamulatus, Cambarus (Aviticambarus), 12, 82 (27)

hamulatus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 12

hamulatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 12

hamulatus, Orconectes, 12

haninlatus. Orconectes, 12

harnedi, Cambarus (Paracambarus), 51

harpi, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus, 30, 84 (112)

harrisoni, Cambarus, 33

harrisoni, Cambarus (Faxonius), 34

harrisoni, Orconectes, 34

Harrisonii, Cambarus, 33

Harrisonii, Cambarus, 33

harrisonii, Faxonius, 34

harrisonii, Faxonius (Faxonius), 34

harrisonii, Orconectes, 34

harrisonii, Orconectes (Billecambarus), 34, 84 (149)

harrisonii, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

harti, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 83 (47)

Hassleri, Parastacus, 80

hassleri, Parastacus, 80

hathawayi, Faxonius, 43

hathawayi, Orconectes, 43

hathawayi, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 43, 85 (146)

hathawayi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 43

Hayi, Cambarus, 66

Hayi, Cambarus, 66

hayi, Cambarus (Cambarus), 66

hayi, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 66

hayi, Procambarus, 66

hayi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 66, 86 (306)

hedgepethi, Fallicambarus, 30

hedgpethi, Cambarus, 30

hedgpethi, Fallicambarus, 30

hedgpethi, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 29, 30, 84 (117)

heini, Cambarus, 55

Hespericambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 42

Hiaticambarus, subgenus, 4, 12, 19

hiawasseensis, Cambarus, 26

hinei, Cambarus, 55

hinei, Cambarus (Cambarus), 51, 55

hinei, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 55

hinei, Procambarus, 55

hinei, Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 55, 85 (230)

hineyi, Procambarus, 55

hirsutus, Procambararus (Ortmannicus), 67

hirsutus, Procambarus, 67

hirsutus, Procambarus (Ortmanicus), 67, 86 (280)

hirsutus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67

Hiwasseenis, Cambarus, 26

hiwasseensis, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 26, 83 (102)

Hobbsastacus, subgenus, 3, 4, 6

Hobbseus, 3, 4, 32

Hobbseus attenuatus, 32, 84 (132)

Hobbseus cristatus, 32, 84 (129)

Hobbseus orconectoides, 32, 84 (128)

Hobbseus petilus, 32, 84 (133)

Hobbseus prominens, 33, 84 (130)

Hobbseus valleculus, 33, 84 (131)

hobbsi, Faxonius, 34

hobbsi, Orconectes, 34

hobbsi, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 34, 84 (197)

hobbsi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

Hoffmani, Procambarus, 78

hoffmanni, Paracambarus, 78

Hoffmanni, Procambarus, 78

hoffmanni, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (356)

holti, Orconectes, 40

holti, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 40, 84 (202)

horsti, Procambarus, 67

horsti, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67, 86 (289)

hortonhobbsi, Procambarus, 78

hortonhobbsi, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (359)

hortonhobsi, Procambarus, 78

hortoni, Fallicambarus, 30

hortoni, Fallicambams (Creaserinus), 30, 84 (120)

howardi, Cambarus, 14

howardi, Cambarus (Cambaros), 14, 83 (32)

howardi, Procambarus, 14

howellae, Procambarus, 76

howellae, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 76, 87 (349)

hubbelli, Cambarus, 61

hubbelli, Procambarus, 61

hubbelli, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 61, 86 (269)

hubbsi, Cambarus, 17

hubbsi, Cambarus (Bartonius), 17

hubbsi, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 17, 83 (51)

hubricht, Cambarus, 17

Hubrichti, Cambarus, 17

hubrichti, Cambarus, 17

hubrichti, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 17, 83 (53)

hybus, Procambarus, 67

hybus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67, 86 (311)

hylas, Cambarus, 46

hylas, Cambarus (Faxonius), 46

hylas, Faxonius, 46

hylas, Faxonius (Faxonius), 46

hylas, Orconectes, 46

hylas, Orconectes (Orconecles), 46

hylas, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 46, 85 (172)

i. inemis, Orconectes, 44

Iatimanus, Cambarus, 17

Ieniusculus klamathensis, Pacifastacus, 7

illinoiensis, Faxonius, 36

illinoiensis, Orconectes, 36

illinoiensis, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 36, 84 (166)

illinoisensis, Orconectes, 36

immunis, Cambarus, 40, 41

immunis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 41

immunis, Faxonius, 41

immunis, Orchonectes, 41

immunis, Orconcetes, 41

immunis, Orconectes, 41

immunis, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 41, 84 (201)

immunis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 41

immunis, Orconnectes, 41

immunis Hagenianus, Cambarus, 41

immunis immunis, Cambarus, 40

immunis immunis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 41

immunis immunis, Orconectes, 41

immunis immunis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 41

immunis pedianus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 41

immunis pedianus, Orconectes, 41

immunis spinirostris, Cambarus, 40

immunis var. spinostris, Cambarus, 40

imunis, Orconectes, 41

incilis, Procambarus, 55

incilis, Procambarus (Capillicambarus), 55, 85 (232)

incillis, Procambarus, 55

incomptus, Orconectes, 44

incomptus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 85 (136)

indianensis, Cambarus, 38

indianensis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 38

indianensis, Faxonius, 38

indianensis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 38

indianensis, Orconectes, 38

indianensis, Orconectes (Faxonius), 38, 84 (142)

indianensis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 38

inermis, Cambarus, 44

inermis, Orconectes, 33, 44

inermis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44

inermis, Orconeatis, 44

inermis, Oreonectes, 44

inermis inermis, Orconectes, 44

inermis inermis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 85 (137)

inermis inermis, Oreonectes, 44

inermis inermis, Oroconectes, 44

inermis inermis, Oronectes, 44

inermis testii, Orconectes, 44

inermis testii, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 85 (138)

inemis inemis, Orconectes, 44

iowaenis, Orconectes, 37

iowaensis, Orconectes, 37

jaculus, Procambarus, 67

jaculus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67, 86 (310)

jeanae, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus), 31, 84 (113)

jeffersoni, Orconectes, 36

jeffersoni, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 36, 84 (157)

jonesi, Aviticambarus, 13

jonesi, Cambarus, 13

jonesi, Cambarus (Aviticambarus), 13, 82 (28)

jonesi, Carbarus, 13

Jordani, Cambarus, 15

jordani, Cambarus, 15

jordani, Cambarus (Bartonius), 16

jordani, Cambarus (Cambarus), 16

jordani, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16

Jugicambarus, subgenus, 4, 12, 20

Jugocambarus, 20

juvenalis, Cambarus, 49

juvenalis, Orconectes, 49

juvenalis, Cambarus, 49

juvenilis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 50

juvenilis, Faxonius, 49

juvenilis, Orcenectes, 49

juvenilis, Orconectes, 49

juvenilis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 49

Juvenils, Orconectes, 49

kentuckiens, Orconectes, 50

kentuckiensis, Faxonius, 50

kentuckiensis, Orconectes, 50

kentuckiensis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 50

kentuckiensis, Orconectes (Rhoadesius), 50, 85 (151)

kilbyi, Cambarus, 61

kilbyi, Procambarus, 61

kilbyi, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 61, 86 (268)

kinderhookensis, Orconectes, 37

klamathenis, Pacifastacus, 7

Klamathensis, Astacus, 6, 7

klamathensis, Astacus, 7

Klamathensis, Astacus (Astacus), 7

klamathensis, Astacus (Astacus), 7

Klamathensis, Cambarus, 7

klamathensis, Pacifasucus, 7

klamathensis, Pacifasucus leniusculus, 7

klamathensis, Potamobius (Potamobius), 7

klaymathensis, Astacus, 7

Lacunicambarai, subgenus, 4, 12, 24

laevi, Cambarus, 18

laevigatus, Parastacus, 4, 79, 87 (369)

laevis, Cambarus, 17

laevis, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 17, 18, 83 (56)

Laevis, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 18

laevis, Cambarus (erebicambarus), 17

laevis, Cambarus (Erebicambaruss), 18

laevis, Cambarus (Eribicambarus), 18

laeviusculus, Astacus, 7

lagniappe, Procambarus, 73

lagniappe, Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (339)

lancifer, Cambarus, 33, 50

lancifer, Cambarus (Faxonius), 50

lancifer, Faxonius, 50

lancifer, Orcnoectes, 51

lancifer, Orconectes, 50

lancifer, Orconectes (Orconectes), 51

lancifer, Orconectes (Tragulicambarus), 50, 51, 85

latimanus, Astacus, 12, 14, 15

latimanus, Cambarus, 15, 17

latimanus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 16

latimanus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 16

latimanus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 16, 83 (38)

latimanus striatus, Cambarus, 16

latimanus striatus, Cambarus (Cambaras), 16

latimanus var. striatus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 16

latimus, Cambarus, 15, 17

latipleurum, Procambarus, 61

latipleurum, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 61, 86 (260)

layi, Procambarus, 66

LeContei, Cambarus, 67

Lecontei, Cambarus, 67

lecontei, Cambarus, 67

lecontei, Cambarus (Cambarus), 67

lecontei, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 67

lecontei, Procambarus, 67

lecontei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67, 86 (304)

Leconticambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 60

leenisculus, Astacus, 7

leitheuseri, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 67, 86 (283)

lenisculus, Pacifastacus, 7

lenisculus klamathensis, Pacifastacus, 7

lenisculus lenisculus, Pacifastacus, 8

leniuscilus klamathensis, Pacifastacus, 7

lenisculus trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

lenisuculus, Pacifastacus, 8

leniuaculus leniuaculus, Pacifastacus, 8

leniusculas, Pacifastacus, 8

leniusculus, Astacus, 7

leniusculus, Astacus (Astacus), 7

leniusculus, Astacus (Pacifastacus), 7

leniusculus, Pacifastacus, 7

leniusculus, Pacifasticus, 8

leniusculus, Pasifasticus, 7

leniusculus, Potamobius, 7

leniusculus, Potamobius (Potamobius), 7

leniusculus klamathensis, Pacifastacus, 7, 8

leniusculus klamathensis, Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus), 7, 82 (6)

leniusculus leniusculus, Pacifastacus, 7

leniusculus leniusculus, Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus), 7, 8, 82 (5)

leniusculus trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

leniusculus trowbridgii, Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus), 8, 82 (7)

leniusculus trowbridgii, Pacifasticus, 8

leniusculus trowbridgii, Pacifiastacus, 8

leniuscus, Pacifastaculus, 7

leniuskulus, Pacifastacus, 8

leniuslus trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

lenuisculus, Pacifastacus, 7, 8

lenusculus lenusculus, Pacifastacus, 7

leonensis, Procambarus, 68

leonensis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (296)

lepidodactylus, Procambarus, 68

lepidodactylus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (278)

leptogonapodus, Orconectes, 46

leptogonopodus, Faxonius, 46

leptogonopodus, Orconectes, 46

leptogonopodus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 46

leptogonopodus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 46, 85 (169)

leptogonopodus acares, Orconectes, 45

leptogonopodus leptogonopodus, Orconectes, 46

leslei, Cambarellus, 11

lesliei, Cambarellus, 11

lesliei, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 11, 82 (20)

lewisi, Procambarus, 68

lewisi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (318)

liberorum, Procambarus, 57

liberorum, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86 (246)

limnosus, Orconectes, 39

limosa, Orconectes, 39

limosus, Astacus, 33, 38

limosus, Cambarus, 39

limosus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 39

limosus, Faxonius, 39

limosus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 39

Limosus, Orconectes, 39

limosus, Orconectes, 39

limosus, Orconectes (Faxonius), 38, 84 (140)

limosus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 39

limosus, Orconects, 39

limosus, Orconelctes, 39

limosus, Orconeotes, 39

limosus, Orconetes, 39

limosus, Oroncestes, 39

limusus, Orconectes, 39

liniusculus, Pacifastacus, 8

litosternum, Procambarus, 68

litosternum, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (277)

llamasi, Procambarus, 52

llamasi, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 85 (224)

llamesi, Procambarus, 52

lobdelli, Cambarus, 29

longerosilis, Cambarus, 19

longerostris, Cambarus longulus, 19

longidigitus, Cambarus, 46

longidigitus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 46

longidigitus, Faxonius, 46

longidigitus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 46

longidigitus, Orconectes, 46

longidigitus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 46

longidigitus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 46, 85 (181)

longimanus, Cambarus, 35

longimanus, Faxonius, 35

longimanus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 35

longimanus, Orconectes, 35

longimonus, Cambarus, 35

longirostris, Cambarus, 19

longirostris, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 19, 83 (61)

longulus, Cambaroides, 20

longulus, Cambarus, 12, 19, 20

longulus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 20

longulus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 20, 83 (62)

longulus chasmodactylus, Cambarus, 19

longulus longirosilis, Cambarus, 19

longulus longirostris, Cambarus, 19

longulus longirostris, Cambarus (Cambarus), 19

longulus longulous, Cambarus, 20

longulus longulus, Cambarus, 20

longulus longulus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 20

Lonnbergius, subgenus, 4, 51, 62

lophotus, Procambarus, 68

lophotus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (307)

lucifugus, Cambarus, 5

lucifugus, Crangonyx, 5

lucifugus alachua, Cambarus, 68

lucifugus alachua, Procambarus, 68

lucifugus alachua, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (284)

lucifugus lucifugus, Cambarus, 68

lucifugus lucifugus, Procambarus, 68

lucifugus lucifugus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 68, 86 (285)

ludoviciana, Cambarus diogenes, 24

ludovicianus, Cambarus, 24

ludovicianus, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 24, 83 (89)

ludovicianus ludovicianus, Cambarus, 25

luetus, Orconectes, 46

lunzi, Cambarus, 69

lunzi, Procambarus, 69

lunzi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (294)

luteus, Faxonius, 46

luteus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 46

lutecus, Orconectes, 46

luteus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 46

luteus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 46, 85 (188)

lylei, Procambarus, 73

lylei, Procambarus (Pennides), 73, 87 (333)

maclanei, Troglocambarus, 79, 87 (364)

maclanei, Trolocambarus, 79

macneesei, Cambarus, 31

macneesei, Fallicambarus, 31

macneesei, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus), 31, 84 (111)

macrus Orconectes, 46

macrus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 46, 85 (184)

maculatus, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 87, 91

mais, Orconectes, 41

maletae, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 43, 85 (145)

mancus, Procambarus, 69

mancus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (313)

maniculatus, Astacus, 77

maniculatus, Cambarus, 77

manningi, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 20, 83 (63)

marchandi, Faxonius, 36

marchandi, Orconectes, 36

marchandi, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 36, 84 (153)

marchandi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 36

marthae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (317)

medialis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (315)

medius, Cambarus, 47

medius, Cambarus (Faxonius), 47

medius, Faxonius, 47

medius, Faxonius (Faxonius), 47

medius, Orconectes, 47

medius, Orconectes (Orconectes), 47

medius, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 47, 85 (187)

meeki, Cambarus, 34

meeki, Cambarus (Faxonius), 34

meeki, Faxonius, 34

meeki, Faxonius (Faxonius), 34

meeki, Gambarus (Faxonius), 34

meeki, Orconectes, 34

meeki, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

meeki brevis, Faxonius, 34

meeki brevis, Orconectes, 34

meeki brevis, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 34, 84 (193)

meeki brevis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

meeki meeki, Faxonius, 34

meeki meeki, Orconectes, 34

meeki meeki, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 34, 84 (192)

meeki meeki, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

meekii, Cambarus, 34

menae, Faxonius, 47

menae, Faxonius (Faxonius), 47

menae, Orconectes, 47

menae, Orconectes (Orconectes), 47

menae, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 47, 85 (189)

mexiacnus, Procambarus, 53

Mexicambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 63

Mexicanus, Astacus, 52

mexicanus, Astacus, 52

mexicanus, Astacus, (Cambarus) 52

Mexicanus, Cambarus, 52

mexicanus, Cambarus, 52

mexicanus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 52

mexicanus, Cambarus (Procambarus), 52

mexicanus, Procambarus, 53

Mexicanus, Procambarus, 53

mexicanus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 52, 53, 85 (214)

milleri, Procambarus, 61

milleri, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 61, 86 (258)

miltus, Cambarus, 25

miltus, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus), 25, 83 (90)

mirandae, Procambarus, 53

mirandai, Procambarus, 53

mirandai, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53, 85 (219)

mirus, Faxonius, 47

mirus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 47

mirus, Orconectes, 47

mirus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 47, 85 (182)

Mississippiensis, Cambarus, 41

mississippiensis, Cambarus, 41

mississippiensis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 41

mississippiensis, Faxonius, 41

mississippiensis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 41

mississippiensis, Orconectes, 41

mississippiensis, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 41, 85 (198)

mississippiensis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 41

mongalensis, Cambarus, 22

monongalensis, Cambarus, 22

monongalensis, Cambarus (Bartonius), 23

monongalensis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 22

monongalensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 22, 83 (79)

montanus, Cambarus, 13

montanus acuminatus, Cambarus, 25

montanus acuminatus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 25

montanus montanus, Cambarus, 13

montanus montanus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 13

montanus veteranus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 27

montazumnae, Cambarellus, 9

Montezumae, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9, 82 (14)

Montezumae, Cambarus, 8, 9

montezumae, Cambarus, 9

Montezumae, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 9

montezumae, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 9

montezumae areolatus, Caambarus, 9

montezumae areolatus, Cambarellus, 8

montezumae areolatus, Cambarus, 8

montezumae areolatus, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 8

montezumae chapalanus, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae chapalanus, Cambarus, 9

montezumae dugesi, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae dugesi, Cambarus, 9

montezumae dugesi, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 9

montezumae dugesii, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae dugesii, Cambarus, 9

montezumae forma lermensis, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae forma zempoalensis, Cambarellus, 10

montezumae lermensis, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae montezumae, Cambarellus, 9

Montezumae Montezumae, Cambarus, 9

montezumae montezumae, Cambarus, 9

montezumae occidentalis, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae occidenntalis, Cambarus, 9

montezumae occidentalis, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 9

montezumae patzcuarensis, Cambarellus, 9

Montezumae var. areolata, Cambarus, 8

montezumae var. areolata, Cambarellus, 9

montezumae var. tridens, Cambarellus, 9

Montezumae var. tridens, Cambarus, 9

montezumae var. tridens, Cambarus, 9

montezumae zempoalensis, Cambarellus, 10

nais, Cambarus, 41

Nais, Cambarus, 41

nais, Cambarus, 41

nais, Cambarus (Faxonius), 41

nais, Faxonius, 41

nais, Faxonius (Faxonius), 41

nais, Orconectes, 41

nais, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 39, 40, 41, 85 (203)

nais, Orconectes (Orconectes), 41

nais, Orconectus, 41

nais form causeyi, Orconectes, 39

nana, Orconectes, 47

nana, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 47, 85 (183)

nana macrus, Faxonius, 46

nana macrus, Orconectes, 46

nana macrus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 46

nana nana, Faxonius, 47

nana nana, Orconectes, 47

nana nana, Orconectes (Orconectes), 47

natchitochae, Procambarus, 72, 74

natchitochae, Procambarus (Pennides), 74, 87 (328)

Nebrascensis, Cambarus, 24

nebrascensis, Cambarus, 24

neglecta, Cambarus, 48

neglectus, Cambarus, 47

neglectus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 47

neglectus, Faxonius, 48

neglectus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 48

neglectus, Orconectes, 48

neglectus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 48

neglectus chaenodactylus, Faxonius, 47

neglectus chaenodactylus, Onconectes, 47

neglectus chaenodactylus, Orconectes, 47

neglectus chaenodactylus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 47

neglectus chaenodactylus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 47, 85 (179)

neglectus chaenodaytylus, Orconectes, 47

neglectus neglectus, Faxonius, 48

neglectus neglectus, Orconectes, 48

neglectus neglectus, Orconectes (ProceriCambarus), 48, 85 (180)

Nephropoidea, 3, 4

nerterius, Cambarus, 26

nerterius, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 26, 83 (97)

Nicoleti, Astacus, 80

nicoleti, Astacus, 80

Nicoleti, Parastacus, 80

nicoleti, Parastacus, 80, 81, 87 (372)

nicoletii, Parastacus, 80

nicoletti, Parastacus, 80

nigrescens, Astacus, 7

nigrescens, Astacus (Astacus), 7

nigrescens, Gambelly, 7

nigrescens, Pacifastacus, 6, 7

nigrescens, Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus), 7, 82 (4)

nigrescens, Potamobius (Potamobius), 7

nigrescens fortis, Astacus, 6

nigrescens fortis, Pacifastacus, 6

nigrescens nigrescens, Astacus, 7

nigrescens nigrescens, Pacifastacus, 7

nigresens, Pacifastacus, 7

ninae, Cambarellus 11

ninae, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 11, 82 (23)

niveus, Procambarus, 53

niveus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53, 85 (229)

nodosus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23, 83 (76)

oaxacae oaxacae, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53, 85 (216)

oaxacae reddelli, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53, 85 (217)

obesus, Cambarus, 24

obeyensis, Cambarus, 23

obeyensis, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23, 83 (67)

obeyensis, Cambarus (Veticambarus), 23

obscura, Cambarus, 36

obscurus, Astacus, 36

obscurus, Cambarus, 36

obscurus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 36

obscurus, Faxonius, 36

obscurus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 36

obscurus, Orconcectes, 36

obscurus, Orconectes, 36

obscurus, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 36, 84 (155)

obscurus sanborni, Cambarus, 37

obstipus, Cambarus, 16

obstipus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16, 83 (37)

occidentalis, Cambarellus, 9

occidentalis, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9, 82 (8)

okaloosae, Procambarus, 76

okaloosae, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 76, 87 (350)

olmecorum, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 87, 91 (379)

Onconectes, 33

Onconectes neglectus chaenodactylus, 47

Orcenectes, 33

Orcenectes juvenilis, 49

Orchonectes, 33, 39

Orchonectes immunis, 41

orcinus, Procambarus, 69

orcinus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (290)

Orcnoectes, 33

Orcnoectes lancifer, 51

Orconcectes, 33, 35

Orconcectes obscurus, 36

Orconcetes, 33, 39

Orconcetes immunis, 41

Orconecctes, 33, 35

Orconecctes eupunctus, 36

Orconectas, 33

Oreonectes, 1, 3, 4, 12, 31, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 42, 43, 45, 50

Orconectes, subgenus, 3, 4, 34, 35, 38, 39, 42, 43, 50

Orconectes acares, 45

Orconectes acuseyi, 39

Orconectes affinis, 39

Orconectes alabamensis, 39

Orconectes australis, 44

Orconectes australis australis, 44

Orconectes australis packardi, 44

Orconectes barrenensis, 45

Orconectes bisectus, 35

Orconectes causeyi, 39

Orconectes chickasawae, 40

Orconectes clypeata, 31

Orconectes clypeatus, 31

Orconectes compressus, 40

Orconectes cooperi, 40

Orconectes creolanus, 34

Orconectes deanae, 43

Orconectes denae, 43

Oroonedes difficilis, 43

Orconectes difficilis blacki, 42

Orconectes difficilis difficilis, 43

Orconectes difficilis hathawayi, 42, 43

Orconectes difficilis maletae, 43

Orconectes erichsonianus, 35

Orconectes etnieri, 40

Orconectes eupunctus, 36

Orconectes forceps, 46

Orconectes hamulatus, 12

Orconectes haninlatus, 12

Orconectes harrisoni, 34

Orconectes harrisonii, 34

Orconectes hathawayi, 43

Orconectes hobbsi, 34

Orconectes holti, 40

Orconectes hylas 46

Orconectes illinoiensis, 36

Orconectes illinoisensis, 36

Orconectes immunis, 41

Orconectes immunis immunis, 41

Orconectes immunis pedianus, 41

Orconectes imunis, 41

Orconectes incomptus, 44

Orconectes indianensis, 38

Orconectes inermis, 33, 44

Orconectes inermis inermis, 44

Orconectes inermis testii, 44

Orconectes inernis inernis 44

Orconectes iowaenis, 37

Orconectes iowaensis, 37

Orconectes jeffersoni, 36

Orconectes juvenalis, 49

Orconectes juvenilis, 49

Orconectes Juvenils, 49

Orconectes kentuckiens, 50

Orconectes kentuckiensis, 50

Orconectes kinderhookensis, 37

Orconectes lancifer, 50

Orconectes leptogonapodus, 46

Orconectes leptogonopodus, 46

Orconectes leptogonopodus acares, 45

Orconectes leptogonopodus leptogonopodus, 46

Orconectes limnosus, 39

Orconectes limosa, 39

Orconectes Limosus, 39

Orconectes limosus, 39

Orconectes limusus, 39

Orconectes longidigitus, 46

Orconectes longimanus, 35

Orconectes luetus, 46

Orconectes luteus, 46

Orconectes macrus, 46

Orconectes mais, 41

Orconectes marchandi, 36

Orconectes medius, 47

Orconectes meeki, 34

Orconectes meeki brevis, 34

Orconectes meeki meeki, 34

Orconectes menae, 47

Orconectes mirus, 47

Orconectes mississippiensis, 41

Orconectes nais, 41

Orconectes nais form causeyi, 39

Orconectes nana, 47

Orconectes nana macrus, 46

Orconectes nana nana, 47

Orconectes neglectus, 48

Orconectes neglectus chaenodactylus, 47

Orconectes neglectus chaenodaytylus, 47

Orconectes neglectus neglectus, 48

Orconectes obscurus, 36

Orconectes ozarkae, 48

Orconectes pallucidus, 45

Orconectes palmeri, 35

Orconectes palmeri creolanus, 34

Orconectes palmeri croelanus, 34

Orconectes palmeri longimanus, 35

Orconectes palmeri palmeri, 35

Orconectes pellacious, 44

Orconectes Pellucidus, 44

Orconectes pellucidus, 33, 45

Orconectes pellucidus australis, 44

Orconectes pellucidus inermis, 44

Orconectes pellucidus packardi, 44

Orconectes pellucidus packardii, 44

Orconectes pellucidus pellucidus, 45

Orconectes pellucidus pellucidus pellucidus, 45

Orconectes pellucidus pelluicdus, 45

Orconectes pellucidus testii, 44

Orconectes perfectus, 43

Orconectes peruncus, 48

Orconectes placidus, 48

Orconectes propinguis, 37

Orconectes propinques, 37

Orconectes propinquus, 37

Orconectes propinquus erismophorous, 37

Orconectes propinquus jeffersoni, 36

Orconectes propinquus propinquus, 37

Orconectes propinquus sanborni, 37

Orconectes propoinquus, 37

Orconectes punctimanus, 48

Orconectes putnami, 49

Orconectes quadruncus, 49

Orconectes rafinesquei, 37

Orconectes rhoadesi, 41

Orconectes rusticus, 49

Orconectes rusticus barrenensis, 45

Orconectes rusticus barrensis, 45

Orconectes rusticus forceps, 45

Orconectes rusticus mirus, 47

Orconectes rusticus placidus, 48

Orconectes rusticus rusticus, 49

Orconectes sanborni, 37

Orconectes sanborni erismophorous, 37

Orconectes sanborni erismophorus, 37

Orconectes sanborni sanborni, 37

Orconectes sanbornii erismophorous, 37

Orconectes sanbornii sanbornii, 37

Orconectes saxatilis, 49

Orconectes senborni, 37

Orconectes shoupi, 38

Orconectes sloanei, 50

Orconectes sloani, 50

Orconectes sloanii, 50

Orconectes sloanni, 50

Orconectes spinosus, 50

Orconectes spinous, 50

Orconectes stannardi, 38

Orconectes transfuga, 48

Orconectes transfugus, 48

Orconectes tricuspis, 38

Orconectes validus, 42

Orconectes virginianus, 38

Orconectes virginiensis, 38

Orconectes virilis, 42

Orconectes williamsi, 50

Orconectes wrighti, 39

Orconectes (Billecambarus) harrisonii, 34, 84 (149)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) denae, 43

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) hobbsi, 34, 84 (197)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki brevis, 34, 84 (193)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) meeki meeki, 34, 84 (192)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri creolanus, 34, 84 (196)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri longimanus, 35, 84, (195)

Orconectes (Buannulifictus) palmeri palmeri, 45, 84 (194)

Orconectes (Cambarus) virilis, 42

Orconectes (Crockerinus) bisectus, 35, 84 (164)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) erichsonianus, 35, 84 (162)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) eupunctus, 36, 84 (154)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) illinoiensis, 36, 84 (166)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) jeffersoni, 36, 84 (157)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) marchandi, 36, 84 (153)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) obscurus, 36, 84 (155)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) propinquus, 36, 84 (156)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) rafinesquei, 37, 84 (164)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii erismophorous, 37, 84 (160)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) sanbornii sanbornii, 37, 84 (159)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) shoupi, 38, 84 (167)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) stannardi, 38, 84 (161)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) tricuspis, 38, 84 (165)

Orconectes (Crockerinus) virginiensis, 38, 84 (158)

Orconectes (Faxonella) beyeri, 31

Orconectes (Faxonella) clypeata, 31

Orconectes (Faxonella) clypeatus, 32

Orconectes (Faxonius) indianensis, 38, 84 (142)

Orconectes (Faxonius) limosus, 38, 84 (140)

Orconectes (Faxonius) wrighti, 39, 84 (141)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) alabamensis, 39, 84 (206)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) causeyi, 39, 40, (200)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) chickasawae, 40, 84 (209)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) compressus, 40, 84 (210)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) cooperi, 40, 84 (204)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) etnieri, 40, 84 (f05)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) holti, 40, 84 (202)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) immunis, 40, 84 (201)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) mississippiensis, 41, 85 (198)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) nais, 39, 40, 85 (203)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) rhoadesi, 41, 85 (207)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) validus, 42, 85 (fi8)

Orconectes (Gremicambarus) virilis, 5, 39, 40, 42, 85 (199)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) blacki, 42, 43, 85 (144)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) deanae, 43, 85 (148)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) difficilis, 42, 43, 85 (143)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) hathawayi, 43, 85, (146)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) maletae, 43, 85 (145)

Orconectes (Hespericambarus) perfectus, 43, 85 (147)

Orconectes (Orconectes) alabamensis, 39

Orconectes (Orconectes) australis australis, 44, 85, (134)

Orconectes (Orconectes) ausstralis packardi, 44, 85 (135)

Orconectes (Orconectes) bisectus, 35

Orconectes (Orconectes) compressus, 40

Orconectes (Orconectes) creolanus, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) difficilis, 43

Orconectes (Orconectes) erichsonianus, 35

Orconectes (Orconectes) eupunctus, 36

Orconectes (Orconectes) harrisonii, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) hathawayi, 43

Orconectes (Orconectes) hobbsi, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) hylas, 46

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis, 41

Orconectes (Orconectes) immunis immunis, 41

Orconectes (Orconectes) incomptus, 44, 85 (136)

Orconectes (Orconectes) indianensis, 38

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis, 44

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis inermis, 44, 85 (137)

Orconectes (Orconectes) inermis testii, 44, 85 (138)

Orconectes (Orconectes) juvenilis, 49

Orconectes (Orconectes) kentuckiensis, 50

Orconectes (Orconectes) lancifer, 51

Orconectes (Orconectes) leptogonopodus, 46

Orconectes (Orconectes) limosus, 39

Orconectes (Orconectes) longidigitus, 46

Orconectes (Orconectes) luteus, 46

Orconectes (Orconectes) marchandi, 36

Orconectes (Orconectes) medius, 47

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki brevis, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) meeki meeki, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) menae, 47

Orconectes (Orconectes) mississippiensis, 41

Orconectes (Orconectes) nais, 41

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana macrus, 46

Orconectes (Orconectes) nana nana, 47

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus, 48

Orconectes (Orconectes) neglectus chaenodactylus, 47

Orconectes (Orconectes) obscurus, 36

Orconectes (Orconectes) ozarkae, 48

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri, 35

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri creolanus, 34

Orconectes (Orconectes) palmeri longimanus, 35

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus, 44, 45, 85 (139)

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus australis, 44

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus pellucidus, 45

Orconectes (Orconectes) pellucidus testii, 44

Orconectes (Orconectes) peruncus, 48

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus jeffersoni, 36

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus propinquus, 37

Orconectes (Orconectes) propinquus sanbomi, 37

Orconectes (Orconectes) punctimanus, 48

Orconectes (Orconectes) quadruncus, 49

Orconectes (Orconectes) rafinesquei, 37

Orconectes (Orconectes) rhoadesi, 41

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus, 45

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus forceps, 45

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus mirus, 47

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus placidus, 48

Orconectes (Orconectes) rusticus rusticus, 49

Orconectes (Orconectes) shoupi, 38

Orconectes (Orconectes) sloani, 50

Orconectes (Orconectes) sloanii, 50

Orconectes (Orconectes) tricuspis, 38

Orconectes (Orconectes) validus, 42

Orconectes (Orconectes) virginiensis, 38

Orconectes (Orconectes) virilis, 42

Orconectes (Orconectes) wrighti, 39

Orconectes (Procericambarus) acares, 45, 85 (170)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) barrenensis, 45, 85 (178)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) forceps, 46, 85 (176)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) hylas, 46, 85 (172)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) leptogonopodus, 46, 85 (169)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) longidigitus, 46, 85 (181)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) luteus, 46, 85 (188)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) macrus, 46, 85 (184)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) medius, 47, 85 (187)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) menae, 47, 85 (189)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) mirus, 47, 85 (182)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) nana, 47, 85, (183)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus chaenodactylus, 47, 85 (179)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) neglectus neglectus, 47, 48, 85 (180)

Orconectes (Procericambatus) ozarkae, 48, 85 (190)

Orconectes (Procericambaius) peruncus, 48, 85 (173)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) placidus, 48, 85 (177)

Orconectes (Procericambaius) punctimanus, 48, 85 (171)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) putnami, 49, 85 (186)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) quadruncus, 49, 85, (168)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) rusticus, 49, 85 (174)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) saxatilis, 49, 85 (175)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) spinosus, 50, 85 (185)

Orconectes (Procericambarus) transfuga, 48

Orconectes (Procericambarus) williamsi, 50, 85 (191)

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) kentuckiensis, 50, 85 (151)

Orconectes (Rhoadesius) sloanii, 50, 85 (150)

Orconectes (Tragulicambarus) lancifer, 50, 51, 85 (152)

Orconectis, 33, 39, 44

Orconectis inermis, 44

Orconectis virilis, 42

orconectoides, Hobbseus, 32, 84 (128)

Orconects, 33

Orconects limosus, 39

Orconectus, 33, 39

Orconectus nais, 41

Orconectus rusticus, 49

Orconelctes, 33, 38

Orconelctes limosus, 39

Orconelctes virilis, 42

Orccneotes, 33, 38

Orconeotes limosus, 39

Orconetes, 33, 38, 39

Orconetes limosus, 39

Orconetes virilis 42

Orconnectes, 33, 35, 39

Orconnectes immunis, 41

Orconnectes propinquus, 37

Orconnectes rusticus, 49

Orconnectes virilis, 42

Oreconectes, 33

oreganus, Astacus, 5

Oreonectes, 33, 43, 44

Oreonectes inermis, 44

Oreonectes inermis inermis, 44

ornatus, Cambarus, 18

ornatus, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 18, 83 (55)

Oroncestes, 33

Oroncestes limosus, 39

Oroconectes, 33

Oroconectes inermis inermis, 44

Oronectes, 33, 39, 44

Oronectes inermis inermis, 44

Oronectes virilis, 42

Ortmanicus, subgenus, 3, 63

ortmanii, Procambarus (Paracambarus), 72, 87 (325)

Ortmanmanicus, 51, 60, 63

ortmanni, Bartonius, 14

ortmanni, Cambarus, 14

ortmanni, Cambarus (Bartonius), 14

ortmanni, Cambarus (Cambarus), 14, 83 (34)

ortmanni, Paracambarus, 72, 87

ortmanni, Procambarus (Paracambarus), 72

Ortmannicus, 63

Ortmannicus, subgenus, 3, 4, 51, 55, 58, 60, 62, 63, 72, 76

Ortmannicus blandingi acutus, 63

ortmannii, Paracambarus, 72

ortmannii, Procambarus (Paracambarus), 72, 87 (325)

oryktes, Cambarus, 30

oryktes, Fallicambarus, 30

oryktes, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 30, 84 (122)

ouachitae, Procambarus, 74

ouachitae, Procambarus (Pennides), 74, 87 (343)

ouichitae, Procambarus, 74

ozarkae, Faxonius, 48

ozarkae, Orconectes, 48

ozatkae, Orconectes (orconectes), 48

ozatkae, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 48, 85 (190)

Pacifastaculus, 6, 7

Pacifastaculus leniuscus, 7

Pacifastaculus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus, 3, 4, 6, 7

Pacifastacus, subgenus, 4, 7

Pacifastacus chenoderma, 6

Pacifastacus conectens, 6

Pacifastacus connectens, 6

Pacifastacus fortis, 6

Pacifastacus gambeli, 7

Pacifastacus gambeli connectens, 6

Pacifastacus gambelii, 6, 7

Pacifastacus gambelii connectans, 6

Pacifastacus gambelii connectens, 6

Pacifastacus gambelii gambelii, 7

Pacifastacus gambelli gambelli, 7

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis, 7

Pacifastacus klamathenis, 7

Pacifastacus klamathensis, 7

Pacifastacus lenisculus, 7

Pacifastacus lenisculus klamathensis, 7, 8

Pacifastacus lenisculus lenisculus, 8

Pacifastacus lenisculus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus lenisuculus, 8

Pacifastacus leniuaculus leniuaculus, 8

Pacifastacus leniuscilus klamathensis, 7

Pacifastacus leniusculas, 8

Pacifastacus leniusculus, 7

Pacifastacus leniusculus klamathensis, 7, 8

Pacifastacus leniusculus leniusculus, 8

Pacifastacus leniusculus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus leniuskulus, 8

Pacifastacus leniuslus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus lenuisculus, 7

Pacifastacus lenusculus lenusculus, 7

Pacifastacus liniusculus, 8

Pacifastacus nigrescens, 6, 7

Pacifastacus nigrescens fortis, 6

Pacifastacus nigrescens nigrescens, 7

Pacifastacus nigresens, 7

Pacifastacus trawbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus trowbridgei, 8

Pacifastacus trowbridgeii, 7, 8

Pacifastacus trowbridgi, 8

Pacifastacus Trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) chenoderma, 6, 82

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) connectens, 6, 82 (1)

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) fortis, 6, 82 (3)

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) gambelii, 6, 82 (2)

Pacifastacus (Hobbsastacus) nigrescens, 7, 82 (4)

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus klamathensis, 7, 82 (6)

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus leniusculus, 7, 82 (5)

Pacifastacus (Pacifastacus) leniusculus trowbridgii, 8, 82

Pacifasticus, 6, 7, 8

Pacifasticus leniusculus, 7, 8

Pacifasticus leniusculus trowbridgii, 8

Pacifiastacus, 6, 7

Pacifiastacus leniusculus trowbridgii, 8

Pacificastacus, 6

paeninsulanis, Procambarus, 77

paeninsulans, Procambarus, 77

paeninsulanus, Cambarus, 77

paeninsulanus, Procambaris, 77

paeninsulanus, Procambarus, 77

paeninsulanus, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 77, 87 (348)

pallidus, Cambarus, 69

pallidus, Procambarus, 69

pallidus, procambarus, 69

pallidus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 69, 86 (288)

pallidus, Procambrus, 69

pallucidus, Orconectes, 45

Palmeri, Cambarus, 33, 34, 35

Palmeri, Cambarus, 35

palmeri, Cambarus (Faxonius), 35

palmeri, Faxonius, 35

palmeri, Faxonius (Faxonius), 35

palmeri, Orconectes, 35

palmeri, Orconectes (Orconectes), 35

palmeri creolanus, Faxonius, 34

palmeri creolanus, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 34, 38 (196)

palmeri creolanus, Orconectes, 34

palmeri creolanus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 34

palmeri croelanus, Orconectes, 34

palmeri longimanus, Cambarus, 35

palmeri longimanus, Faxonius, 35

palmeri longimanus, Orconectes, 35

palmeri longimanus, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 35, 84 (195)

palmeri longimanus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 35

palmeri palmeri, Cambarus, 35

palmeri palmeri, Faxonius, 35

palmeri palmeri, Orconectes, 35

palmeri palmeri, Orconectes (Buannulifictus), 35, 84 (194)

Pandicambarus, 3, 4, 8, 10

Paracambarus, 3, 72, 77

Paracambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 51, 72

Paracambarus hoffmanni, 78

Paracambarus ortmanni, 72

Paracambarus ortmannii, 72

Paracambarus paradoxus, 72

Paracambarus riojae, 51, 77, 78

Paracambarus rodriguezi, 54

Paracambarus teziutlanensi, 78

Paracambarus teziutlanensis, 78

Paracambarus tlapacoyanensis, 78

Paracamburas, 51, 72

Paradoxus, Cambarus, 72

Paradoxus, Cambarus (Paracambarus), 51, 72, 87 (326)

paradoxus, Cambarus (Paracambarus), 72

paradoxus, Paracambarus, 72

Paradoxus, Procambarus, 72

Paradoxus, Procambarus (Paracambarus), 72

Parasimulans, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86

Parastacidae, 4, 79, 87

Parastacoidea, 3, 4

Parastacus, 3, 4, 79, 80

Parastacus Agassizi, 81

Parastacus agassizi, 81

Parastacus agassizii, 81

Parastacus agassizzi, 81

Parastacus araucanius, 80

Parastacus bimaculatus, 81

Parastacus brasilensis, 79

Parastacus brasiliensis, 79, 87 (365)

Parastacus braziliensis, 79

Parastacus Chilensis, 80

Parastacus chilensis, 80

Parastacus defossus, 79, 87 (370)

Parastacus efinifrons, 81

Parastacus Hassleri, 80

Parastacus hassleri, 80

Parastacus laevigatus, 4, 79, 87 (369)

Parastacus Nicoleti, 80

Parastacus nicoleti, 80, 81, 87

Parastacus nicoletti, 80

Parastacus pilimanus, 80, 87

Parastacus pugnax, 80, 87

Parastacus saffordi, 80, 87

Parastacus spinifrons, 81

Parastacus varicosus, 80, 87

parrishi, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 27, 83 (96)

parvoculus, Cambarus, 23

parvoculus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23, 83 (70)

Pasifastacus, 6

Pasifastacus trowbridgeii, 8

Pasifasticus, 6

Pasifasticus leniusculus, 7

patzacuarensis, Cambarellus, 9

patzcuarensis, Cambarellus, 9

patzcuarensis, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9, 82 (15)

patzquarensis, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 9

Pealei, Cambarus, 39

pealei, Cambarus, 39

pearsei, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 70

pearsei, Procambarus, 70

pearsei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (316)

pearsei pearsei, Procambarus, 70

pearsei pearsei, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70

pearsei plumimanus, Procambarus, 70

pearsei plumimanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70

pecki, Procambarus, 75

pecki, Procambarus (Remoticambarus), 75, 87

pellacious, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus, Astacus, 45

pellucidus, astacus, 45

pellucidus, Astacus Cambarus, 45

pellucidus, Astacus (Cambarus), 45

Pellucidus, Cambarus, 45

pellucidus, Cambarus, 45

pellucidus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 45

pellucidus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 45

pellucidus, Cambarus (Fexonius), 45

pellucidus, Cambarus (Orconectes), 45

pellucidus, Cambrus, 45

pellucidus, form inermis, Camtarus (Orconectes), 45

Pellucidus, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus, Orconectes, 33, 45

pellucidus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44, 45, 85 (139)

pellucidus australis, Cambarus, 44

pellucidus australis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 44

pellucidus australis, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus australis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44

pellucidus inermis, Cambarus, 44

pellucidus inermis, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus packardi, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus packardii, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus pellucidus, Cambarus, 45

pellucidus pellucidus, Orconectes, 45

pellucidus pellucidus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 45

pellucidus pellucidus pellucidus, Orconectes, 45

pellucidus pelluicdus, Orconectes, 45

pellucidus testi, Cambarus, 44

pellucidus testi, Cambarus (Faxonius), 44

pellucidus testii, Cambarus, 44

pellucidus testii, Orconectes, 44

pellucidus testii, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44

pellucidus var. testii, Cambarus, 44

pellucidus variety inermis, Cambarus, 44

pelludicus australis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 44

pelludicus, Cambarus, 45

pelosimanus, Procambarus, 53

pelosus, Cambarus, 41

pelucidus, Cambarus, 45

pelulcidus, Cambarus, 45

penicillatus, Astacus, 60

penicillatus, Cambarus, 60, 64

penni, Procambarus, 74

penni, Procambarus (Pennides), 74, 87

Pennides, subgenus, 4, 51, 72

perfectus, Orconectes, 43

perfectus, Orconectes (Hespericambarus), 43, 85 (147)

peroneus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 48

peruncus, Faxonius, 48

peruncus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 48

peruncus, Orconectes, 48

peruncus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 48

peruncus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 48, 85 (173)

petersi, Procambarus (Pennides), 87

petilus, Hobbseus, 32, 84 (133)

pictus, Cambarus, 70

pictus, Procambarus, 70

pictus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (273)

pilimanus, Astacus, 79, 80

pilimanus, Parastacus, 80, 87 (366)

pilosimanus, Cambarus, 53

pilosimanus, Cambarus (Procambarus), 53

pilosimanus, Procambarus, 53

pilosimanus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 53, 85 (225)

pilosus, Cambarus, 41

pilosus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 41

placidus, Cambarus, 48

placidus, Faxonius, 48

placidus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 48

placidus, Orconectes, 48

placidus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 48, 85 (177)

planirostris, Procambarus, 70

planirostris, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (312)

planirostrus, Procambarus, 70

plantirostrus, Procambarus, 70

plantiuostrusg, Procambarus, 70

plumimanus, Procambarus, 70

plumimanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (314)

pogum, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86 (245)

polmanus, Astacus, 80

poqum, Procambarus, 57

Potamobius, 6

Potamobius, subgenus, 6

Potamobius leniusculus, 7

Potamobius (Potamobius) gambeli, 7

Potamobius (Potamobius) klamathensis, 7

Potamobius (Potamobius) leniusculus, 7

Potamobius (Potamobius) nigrescens, 7

Potamobius (Potamobius) trowbridgei, 8

Pracambarus, 51

primaevus, Cambarus, 5, 53

primaevus, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 5, 53, 85

primoevus, Cambarus, 53

pristinus, Cambarus, 12, 28

pristinus, Cambarus (Veticambarus), 28, 84 (106)

Procambambarus, 51, 76

Procambambarus clarkii, 76

Procambararus, 51

Procambararus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus, 67

Procambaris, 51, 63, 76

Procambaris enoplosternum, 65

Procambaris fallax, 66

Procambaris paeninsulanus, 77

Procambaris seminolae, 71

Procambarius, 51, 76

Procambarius clarki, 76

Procambarus, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 28, 29, 31, 33, 51, 55, 58, 60, 62, 63, 72, 75, 76, 77

Procambarus, 51

Procambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 51, 72, 77

Procambarus a. blandingii, 64

Procambarus ablusus, 72

Procambarus acanthophorus, 52

Procambarus acantophorus, 52

Procambarus acherontis, 62

Procambarus actus, 63

Procambarus acuminatus, 25

Procambarus acutissimus, 63

Procambarus acutissumus, 63

Procambarus acutus, 63

Procambarus acutus acustus, 64

Procambarus acutus acutus, 45, 63

Procambarus acutus cuevachicae, 64

Procambarus advena, 58, 59

Procambarus alleni, 60

Procambarus allenii, 60

Procambarus allenti, 60

Procambarus ancylus, 64

Procambarus angustatus, 64

Procambarus apalachioolae, 60

Procambarus Atkinsoni, 52

Procambarus atkinsoni, 52

Procambarus aztecus, 53

Procambarus barbatus, 60

Procambarus barbiger, 55

Procambarus bartoni, 13

Procambarus bivittatus, 64

Procambarus blandingii, 64

Procambarus blandingii acutus, 63

Procambarus blandingii blandingii, 63, 64

Procambarus blandingii cuevachicae, 64

Procambarus bouvieri, 63

Procambarus bouvieri, 63

Procambarus byersi, 29

Procambarus C. cubensis, 52

Procambarus caballeroi, 65

Procambarus capillatus, 60

Procambarus chacei, 65

Procambarus clarcii, 76

Procambarus clarki, 76

Procambarus clarkii, 76

Procambarus clarkii clarkii, 76

Procambarus clarkii paeninsulanus, 76

Procambarus clemmeri, 73

Procambarus clypeata, 31

Procambarus cometes, 56

Procambarus connus, 56

Procambarus consobrinus, 52

Procambarus contrerasi, 77

Procambarus cubensis consobrinus, 52

Procambarus cubensis cubensis, 52

Procambarus cubensis rivalis, 52

Procambarus Digueti, 75

Procambarus digueti, 75

Procambarus dupratzi, 73

Procambarus echinatus, 73

Procambarus econfinae, 61

Procambarus elegans, 73

Procambarus enoplostemum, 65

Procambarus enoplosterum, 65

Procambarus epicyrtus, 65

Procambarus ercichsoni, 78

Procambarus erichsoni, 78

Procambarus erythrops, 65

Procambarus escambiensis, 61

Procambarus evermani, 66

Procambarus evermanni, 66

Procambarus fallax, 66

Procambarus Fallicambarus fodiens, 29

Procambarus fitzpatricki, 51

Procambarus geminus, 66

Procambarus geodytes, 58

Procambarus gibbus, 73

Procambarus gonopodocristatus, 66

Procambarus gracilis, 56

Procambarus hagenianus, 55, 56, 57

Procambarus hagenianus forrestae, 55

Procambarus hagenianus hagenianus, 56

Procambarus hayi, 66

Procambarus hinei, 55

Procambarus hineyi, 55

Procambarus hirsutus, 67

Procambarus Hoffmani, 78

Procambarus Hoffmanni, 78

Procambarus hoffmanni, 78

Procambarus horsti, 67

Procambarus hortonhobbsi, 78

Procambarus hortonhobsi, 78

Procambarus howardi, 14

Procambarus howellae, 76

Procambarus hubbelli, 61

Procambarus hybus, 67

Procambarus incilis, 55

Procambarus incillis, 55

Procambarus jaculus, 67

Procambarus kilbyi, 61

Procambarus lagniappe, 73

Procambarus latipleurum, 61

Procambarus layi, 66

Procambarus lecontei, 67

Procambarus leonensis, 68

Procambarus lepidodactylus, 68

Procambarus lewisi, 68

Procambarus liberorum, 57

Procambarus litosternum, 68

Procambarus llamasi, 52

Procambarus llamesi, 52

Procambarus lophotus, 68

Procambarus lucifugus alachua, 68

Procambarus lucifugus lucifugus, 68

Procambarus lunzi, 69

Procambarus lylei, 73

Procambarus mancus, 69

Procambarus mexiacnus, 52

Procambarus Mexicanus, 53

Procambarus mexicanus, 52

Procambarus milleri, 61

Procambarus mirandae, 53

Procambarus mirandai, 53

Procambarus natchitochae, 51, 72, 74

Procambarus niveus, 53

Procambarus oaxacae reddelli, 53

Procambarus okaloosae, 76

Procambarus orcinus, 69

Procambarus ouachitae, 74

Procambarus ouichitae, 74

Procambarus paeninsulanis, 77

Procambarus paeninsulans, 77

Procambarus paeninsulanus, 77

Procambarus pallidus, 69

Procambarus pallidus, 69

Procambarus Paradoxus, 72

Procambarus pearsei, 70

Procambarus pearsei pearsei, 70

Procambarus pearsei plumimanus, 70

Procambarus pecki, 51, 75

Procambarus pelosimanus, 53

Procambarus penni, 74

Procambarus petersi, 74

Procambarus pictus, 70

Procambarus pilosimanus, 53

Procambarus planirostris, 70

Procambarus planirostrus, 70

Procambarus plantirostrus, 70

Procambarus plantiuostrusg, 70

Procambarus plumimanus, 70

Procambarus poqum, 57

Procambarus pubescens, 70

Procambarus pubischaelae, 62

Procambarus pubischelae, 62

Procambarus pycnogonopodus, 70

Procambarus pygmaeus, 59

Procambarus quachitae, 74

Procambarus ranei, 74

Procambarus raneyi, 74

Procambarus rathbunae, 62

Procambarus rayeni, 74

Procambarus reimeri, 57

Procambarus riojae, 78

Procambarus riojai, 78

Procambarus roberti, 74

Procambarus rodriguezi, 54

Procambarus rogersi, 59

Procambarus rogersi campestris, 59

Procambarus rogersi expletus, 59

Procambarus rogersi ochlockensis, 59

Procambarus rogersi ochlocknensis, 59

Procambarus rogersi rogersi, 59

Procambarus rusticus, 49

Procambarus ruthveni, 54

Procambarus ruthveni ruthveni, 54

Procambarus ruthveni zapaopensis, 55

Procambarus ruthveni zapoapensis, 55

Procambarus seminolae, 71

Procambarus shermani, 62

Procambarus simulans, 58

Procambarus simulans regimontanus, 57

Procambarus simulans regiomontanus, 57

Procambarus simulans simulans, 58

Procambarus spiculifer, 74, 75

Procambarus spiculifter, 75

Procambarus stimulans, 58

Procambarus suttkusi, 75

Procambarus suttkuzi, 75

Procambarus tenuis, 51, 77

Procambarus texanus, 71

Procambarus teziutlanensis, 78

Procambarus tlapacoyanensis, 78

Procambarus toltecae, 71

Procambarus toltecas, 71

Procambarus troglodytes, 77

Procambarus Truculentus, 60

Procambarus truculentus, 60

Procambarus tulanei, 58

Procambarus tziutlanensis, 78

Procambarus vasquezae, 54

Procambarus vazquezae, 51, 54

Procambarus veracruzanus, 54

Procambarus verrucosus, 71

Procambarus versutus, 75

Procambarus viae-viridis, 71

Procambarus viaeviridis, 71

Procambarus villalobosi, 71

Procambarus vioscae, 74, 75

Procambarus vioscai, 75

Procambarus viosci, 75

Procambarus Weigmanni, 5

Procambarus weigmanni, 5

Procambarus wiegmanni, 5

Procambarus williamsoni, 54

Procambarus youngi, 72

Procambarus zihuateutlensis, 79

Procambarus (Acucauda) fitzpatricki, 51, 85 (211)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) acanthophorus, 52, 85 (223)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) atkinsoni, 52, 85 (226)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) aztecus, 53

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis cubensis, 52, 85, (228)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) cubensis rivalis, 52, 85 (227)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) llamasi, 52, 85 (224)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mexicanus, 52, 53, 85 (214)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) mirandai, 53, 85 (219)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) niveus, 53, 85 (229)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae oaxacae, 53, 85 (216)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) oaxacae reddelli, 53, 85 (217)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) olmecorum, 87, 91 (379)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) pilosimanus, 53, 85 (225)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) primaevus, 5, 53, 85

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodiguezi, 54

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) rodriquezi, 54, 85 (215)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni, 54, 85 (220)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) ruthveni ruthveni, 54

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) sbordonii, 54, 85 (213)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) vazquezae, 54, 85 (212)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) veracruzanus, 54, 85 (218)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) williamsoni, 54, 85 (222)

Procambarus (Austrocambarus) zapoapensis, 55, 85 (221)

Procambarus (Cambarus) clarkii, 76

Procambarus (Capillícambarus) brazorensis, 55

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) brazoriensis, 55, 85 (231)

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) hinei, 55, 85 (230)

Procambarus (Capillicambarus) incilis, 55, 85 (232)

Procambarus (Distocambarus) devexus, 28

Procambarus (Girardiella) barbiger, 55, 85 (246)

Procambarus (Girardiella) cometes, 55, 86 (244)

Procambarus (Girardiella) connos, 56

Procambarus (Girardiella) connus, 56, 86 (243)

Procambarus (Girardiella) curdi, 56, 86 (235)

Procambarus (Girardiella) ferrugineus, 87, 92

Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis, 56, 86 (239)

Procambarus (Giraidiella) hagenianus, 55, 56, 57

Procambarus (Girardiella) hagenianus hagenianus, 56, 57, 86 (242)

Procambarus (Giraidiella) hagenianus vesticeps, 57, 86 (241)

Procambarus (Girardiella) liberorum, 57, 86 (240)

Procambarus (Giraidiella) parasimulans, 57, 86 (237)

Procambarus (Girardiella) pogum, 57, 86 (245)

Procambarus (Giraidiella) regalis, 87, 92

Procambarus (Giraidiella) regiomontanus, 57, 86 (238)

Procambarus (Giraidiella) reimeri, 57, 86 (236)

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans, 57, 58, 86 (234)

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans regiomontanus, 57

Procambarus (Girardiella) simulans simulans, 58

Procambarus (Girardiella) tulanei, 58, 86 (233)

Procambarus (Hagenides) advena, 58, 59, 86 (247)

Procambarus (Hagenides) caritus, 58, 86 (249)

Procambarus (Hagenides) geodytes, 58, 86 (250)

Procambarus (Hagenides) pygmaeus, 58, 59, 86 (251)

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi campestris, 59, 86 (253)

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi expletus, 59, 86 (254)

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ochlocknensis, 59, 86 (252)

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi ocklocknensis, 59

Procambarus (Hagenides) rogersi rogersi, 59, 86 (255)

Procambarus (Hagenides) talpoides, 59, 86 (248)

Procambarus (Hagenides) truculentus, 60, 86 (256)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) alleni, 60, 86 (257)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) apalachicolae, 60, 86 (261)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) barbatus, 60, 86 (259)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) capillatus, 60, 86 (267)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) econfinae, 61, 86 (262)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) escambiensis, 60, 61, 86 (263)

Procambarus (Leconlicambarus) hubbelli, 61, 86 (269)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) kilbyi, 61, 86 (268)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) latipleurum, 61, 86 (260)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) milleri, 61, 86 (258)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae, 62

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae deficiens, 62, 86 (265)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) pubischelae pubischelae, 62, 86 (264)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) rathbunae, 62, 86 (266)

Procambarus (Leconticambarus) shermani, 62, 86 (f70)

Procambarus (Lonnbergius) acherontis, 62, 86 (271)

Procambarus (Mexicambarus) bouvieri, 62, 86 (272)

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) acutus acutus, 64

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) hirsutus, 67

Procambarus (Ortmanicus) pubescens, 70

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) actus actus, 63

Procanbarus (Ortmannicus) acutissimus, 63, 86 (308)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus acutus, 63, 86 (301)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus cuevachicae, 64, 86 (302)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) ancylus, 64, 86 (293)

Procanbarus (Ortmannicus) angustatus, 64, 86 (282)

Procanbaros (Ortmannicus) bivittatus, 64, 86 (319)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) blandingii, 64, 86 (300)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) caballeroi, 65, 86 (321)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) chacei, 65, 86 (275)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) clarki, 76

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) delicatus, 65, 86 (291)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) enoplosternum, 65, 86 (274)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) epicyrtus, 65. 86 (276)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) erythrops, 65, 86 (286)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) evermanni, 66, 86 (297)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) fallax, 66, 86 (295)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) franzi, 66, 86 (287)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) geminus, 66, 86 (305)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) gonopodocristatus, 66, 86 (324)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hayi, 66, 86 (306)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hirsutus, 67, 86 (280)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) horsti, 67, 86 (289)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) hybus, 67, 86 (311)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) jaculus, 67, 86 (310)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lecontei, 67, 86 (304)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leitheuseri, 67, 86 (283)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) leonensis, 68, 86 (296)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lepidodactylus, 68, 86 (278)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lewisi, 68, 86 (318)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) litosternum, 68, 86 (277)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lophotus, 68, 86 (307)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus alachua, 68, 86 (284)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lucifugus lucifugus, 63, 68, 86 (285)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) lunzi, 69, 86 (294)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) mancus, 69, 86 (313)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) marthae, 69, 86 (317)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) medialis, 69. 86 (315)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) orcinus, 69. 86 (290)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pallidus, 69. 86 (288)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei, 70, 86 (316)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei pearsei, 70

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pearsei plumimanus, 70

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pictus, 70, 86 (273)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) planirostris, 70, 86 (312)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) plumimanus, 70, 86 (314)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pubescens, 70, 86 (279)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) pycnogonopodus, 70, 86 (299)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) seminolae, 71, 86 (292)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) simulans, 58

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) texanus, 71, 86 (303)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) toltecae, 71, 86 (323)

Procambarus (Ortmanrucus) verraooius, 71, 86 (309)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) viaeviridis, 71, 87 (320)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) villalobosi, 71, 87 (322

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitae, 72

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) Xilitlae, 72

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) xilitlae, 72, 87 (298)

Procambarus (Ortmannicus) youngi, 72, 87 (281)

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmanii, 72

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmanni, 72

Procambarus (Paracambarus) ortmannii, 72, 87 (325)

Procambarus (Paracambarus) paradoxus, 72, 87 (326)

Procambarus (Pennides) ablusus, 72, 87 (329)

Procambarus (Pennides) clanmeri, 73, 87 (335)

Procambarus (Pennides) dupratzi, 73, 87 (336)

Procambarus (Pennides) echinatus, 73, 87 (334)

Procambarus (Pennides) elegans, 73, 87 (331)

Procambarus (Pennides) gibbus, 73, 87 (342)

Procambarus (Pennides) lagniappe, 73, 87 (339)

Procambarus (Pennides) lylei, 73, 87 (333)

Procambarus (Pennides) natchitochae, 74, 87 (328)

Procambarus (Pennides) ouachitae, 74, 87 (343)

Procambarus (Pennides) penni, 74, 87 (338)

Procambarus (Pennides) petersi, 74, 87 (340)

Procambarus (Pennides) raneyi, 74, 87 (344)

Procambarus (Pennides) roberti, 74, 87 (330)

Procambarus (Pennides) spiculifer, 74, 75, 87 (341)

Procambarus (Pennides) suttkusi, 75, 87 (327)

Procambarus (Pennides) versutus, 75, 87 (332)

Procambarus (Pennides) vioscai, 75, 87 (337)

Procambarus (Procambarus) digueti, 75, 87 (345)

Procambarus (Remoticambarus) pecki, 75, 87 (346)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) clarkii, 76, 87 (351)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) howellae, 76, 87 (349)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) okaloosae, 76, 87 (350)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) paeninsulanus, 76, 77, 87 (348)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) strenthi, 77, 87 (347)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) troglodytes, 77, 87 (352)

Procambarus (Scapulicambarus) xilitlae, 72

Procambarus (Tenuicambarus) tenuis, 77, 87 (353)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) contrerasi, 77, 87 (358)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) cuetzalanae, 77, 87 (355)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) erichsoni, 78, 87 (357)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hoffmanni, 78, 87 (356)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) hortonhobbsi, 78, 87 (359)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) riojai, 78, 87 (354)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) teziutlanensis, 78, 87 (362)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) tlapacoyanensis, 78, 87 (363)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) xochitlanae, 79, 87 (361)

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuatentlensis, 79

Procambarus (Villalobosus) zihuateutlensis, 79, 87 (360) , 51, 63

Procambasrus acutus acutus, 64

Procamberus, 51

Procamborus, 51, 76

Procamborus clarkii, 76

Procambrus, 51, 76

Procambrus clarkii, 76

Procambrus pallidus, 69

Procamburus, 51, 76

Procamburus clarkii, 76

Procericambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 45

prolixus, Cambarellus, 10

prolixus, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 10, 82 (13)

prominens, Cambarus, 33, 84

prominens, Hobbseus, 33

propinguis, Orconectes, 37

propinkuus, Cambarus, 37, 38

propinques, Orconectes, 37

propinquus, Astacus, 36

propinquus, Camarus, 37

propinquus, Cambarrus, 37

Propinquus, Cambarus, 37

propinquus, Cambarus, 36

propinquus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 37

propinquus, Cambarus (Fraxonius), 37

propinquus, Camboros, 37

propinquus, Faxonius, 37

propinquus, Orconectes, 37

propinquus, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 37, 84 (156)

propinquus, Orconnectes, 37

propinquus erismophorous, Orconectes, 37

propinquus jeffersoni, Faxonius, 36

propinquus jeffersoni, Orconectes, 36

propinquus jeffersoni, Orconectes (Orconectes), 36

propinquus obscura, Cambarus, 36

propinquus obscurus, Cambarus, 36

propinquus propinquus, Cambarus 36

propinquus propinquus, Faxonius, 37

propinquus propinquus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 37

propinquus propinquus, Orconectes, 37

propinquus propinquus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 37

propinquus sanborni, Cambarus, 37, 38

propinquus sanborni, Cambarus (Faxonius), 37

propinquus sanborni, Orconectes, 37

propinquus sanborni, Orconectes (Orconectes), 37

propinquus Sanbornii, Cambarus, 37

propinquus sanbornii, Cambarus, 37

propinquus typicus, Cambarus, 37

propinquus var. obscura, Cambarus, 36

propinquus var. sanborni, Cambarus, 37

propinquus var. sanbornii, Cambarus, 37

propinquus, Orconectes, 37

pubescens, Cambarus, 70

pubescens, Cambarus (Cambarus), 70

pubescens, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 70

pubescens, Procambarus, 70

pubescens, Procambarus (Ortmanicus), 70

pubescens, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (279)

pubischaelae, Procambarus, 62

pubischelae, Procambarus, 62

pubischelae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 62

pubischelae deficiens, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 62, 86 (265)

pubischelae pubischelae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 62, 86 (264)

puer, Cambarellus, 11

puer, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 11, 82 (21)

pugnax, Astacus, 3, 80

pugnax, Parastacus, 80, 87 (371)

Puncticambarus, subgenus, 4, 25

punctimanus, Faxonius, 48

punctimanus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 48

punctimanus, Orconectes, 48

punctimanus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 48

punctimanus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 48, 85 (171)

pusillus, Astacus, 13

pusillus, Cambarus, 13

Putnami, Cambarus, 49

putnami, Cambarus, 49

putnami, Cambarus (Faxonius), 49

putnami, Orconectes, 49

putnami, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 49, 85 (186)

pycnogonopodus, Procambarus, 70

pycnogonopodus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 70, 86 (299)

pygmaeus, Procambarus, 59

pygmaeus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 58, 59, 86 (251)

pyronotus, Cambarus, 16

pyronotus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16, 83 (40)

quachitae, Procambarus, 74

quadruncus, Faxonius, 49

quadruncus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 49

quadruncus, Orconectes, 49

quadruncus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 49

quadruncus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 49, 85 (168)

rafinesquei, Faxonius, 37

rafinesquei, Orconectes, 37

rafinesquei, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 37, 84 (163)

rafinesquei, Orconectes (Orconectes), 37

ranei, Procambarus, 74

raneyi, Procambarus, 74

raneyi, Procambarus (Pennides), 74, 87 (344)

rathbunae, Cambarus, 62

rathbunae, Procambarus, 62

rathbunae, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 62, 86 (266)

rayeni, Procambarus, 74

reburrus, Cambarus, 27

reburrus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 27, 83 (103)

reduncus, Cambarus, 16

reduncus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16, 83 (50)

reflexus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16, 83 (39)

regalis, Procambarus (Girardiella), 87, 91

regiomontanus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86 (238)

reimeri, Procambarus, 57

reimeri, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 86 (236)

Remoticambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 75

rhoadesi, Faxonius, 41

rhoadesi, Orconectes, 41

rhoadesi, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 41, 85 (207)

rhoadesi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 41

Rhoadesius, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 50

Ricoleti, Astacus, 80

rinmunis, Cambarus, 40

riojae, Paracambarus, 51, 77, 78

riojae, Procambarus, 78

riojai, Procambarus, 78

riojai, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (354)

roberti, Procambarus, 74

roberti, Procambarus (Pennides), 74, 87 (330)

robinsoni, Bourchardina, 12

robisoni, Bouchardina, 12, 82 (26)

robustis, Cambarus, 27

robustus, Cambarus, 27

robustus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 27

robustus, Cambarus (Puncticambarus), 27, 83 (104)

rodiguezi, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 54

rodriguezi, Paracambarus, 54

rodriguezi, Procambarus, 54

rodriguezi, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 54, 85 (215)

rogersi, Cambarus, 59

rogersi, Procambarus, 59

rogersi campestris, Procambarus, 59

rogersi campestris, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59, 86 (253)

rogersi expletus, Procambarus, 59

rogersi expletus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59, 86 (254)

rogersi ochlockensis, Procambarus, 59

rogersi ochlocknensis, Procambarus, 59

rogersi ochlocknensis, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59, 86 (252)

rogersi ocklocknensis, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59

rogersi rogersi, Procambarus, 59

rogersi rogersi, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59, 86 (255)

rusticiformis, Cambarus, 18

rusticiformis, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 18, 83 (52)

rustics placidus, Cambarus, 48

rusticus, Cambarus 49

rusticus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 49

rusticus, Faxonius, 49

rusticus, Orconectes, 49

rusticus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 45

rusticus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 49, 85 (174)

rusticus, Orconectus, 49

rusticus, Orconnectes, 49

rusticus, Procambarus, 49

rusticus, var. placida, Cambarus, 48

rusticus, var. placidus, Cambarus, 48

rusticus barrenensis, Faxonius, 45

rusticus barrenensis, Orconectes, 45

rusticus barrensis, Orconectes, 45

rusticus forceps, Cambarus, 45

rusticus forceps, Cambarus (Faxonius), 45

rusticus forceps, Orconectes, 45

rusticus forceps, Orconectes (Orconectes), 45

rusticus mirus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 47

rusticus miras, Orconectes, 47

rusticus mirus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 47

rusticus placidus, Cambarus, 48

rusticus placidus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 48

rusticus placidus, Orconectes, 48

rusticus placidus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 48

rusticus rusticus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 49

rusticus rusticus, Faxonius, 49

rusticus rusticus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 49

rusticus rusticus, Orconectes, 49

rusticus rusticus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 49

rustrineus rustrineus, Cambarus, 49

ruthveni, Cambarus, 54

ruthveni, Procambarus, 54

ruthveni, Procambarus (AustroCambarus), 55, 85 (220)

ruthveni ruthveni, Procambarus, 54

ruthveni ruthveni, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 55

ruthveni zapaopensis, Procambarus, 55

rathveni zapoapensis, Procambarus, 55

ruthveni zapoapensis, Procambarus (AustroCambarus), 55

saffordi, Parastacus, 80, 87 (368)

Samastacus, 3, 4, 80

Samastacus araucanius, 3, 80, 87 (374)

Samastacus spinifrons, 3, 81, 87 (373)

Sambarus, 12

Sambarus diogenes, 24

sanborni, Faxonius, 37

sanborni, Faxonius (Faxonius), 37

sanborni, Orconectes, 37

sanborni erismophorous, Orconectes, 37

sanborni erismophorus, Orconectes, 37

sanborni sanborni, Faxonius, 37

sanborni sanborni, Orconectes, 37

Sanbornii, Cambarus, 33, 35, 37

sanbornii erismophorous, Orconectes, 37

sanbornii erismophorous, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 37, 84 (160)

sanbornii sanbornii, Orconectes, 37

sanbornii sanbornii, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 37, 84 (159)

saxatilis, Orconectes, 49

saxatilis, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 49, 85 (175)

sbordonii, Procambarus (AustroCambarus), 54, 85 (213)

Scapulicambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 76

schmitti, Cambarellus, 8, 10, 11

schmitti, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 11, 82 (19)

schmittii, Cambarus, 5, 11

schufeldi, Cambarellus, 10

sciotensis, Cambarus, 14

sciotensis, Cambarus (Cambarus), 14, 83 (33)

scotti, Cambarus (PunctiCambarus), 27, 83 (100)

seminolae, Procambaris, 71

seminolae, Procambarus, 71

seminolae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 86 (292)

sen borni, Orconectes, 37

setosus, Cambarus, 23

setosus, Cambarus (Bartonius), 23

setosus, Cambarus (Cambarus) 23

setosus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23, 83 (84)

shermani, Procambarus, 62

shermani, Procambarus (Leconticambarus), 62, 86 (270)

shoupi, Cambarus, 38

shoupi, Faxonius, 38

shoupi, Orconectes, 38

shoupi, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 38, 84 (167)

shoupi, Orconectes (Orconectes), 38

shufeldti, Cambarella, 10

shufeldti, Cambarellus, 10

shufeldti, Cambarus, 10

shufeldti, Cambarus (Cambarellus), 10

shufeldtii, Cambarellus, 10

shufeldtii, Cambarellus (Dirigicambarus), 10, 82 (17)

Shufeldtii, Cambarus, 8, 10

shufeldtii, Cambarus, 10

shufeldtii, Cambarellus, 10

shufeltdii, Cambarellus, 10

shulfeldtii, Cambarellus, 10

signifer, Cambarus, 40

similans, Cambarus, 58

simulana, Cambarus, 58

simulans, Cambarus, 57

simulans, Cambarus (Cambarus), 58

simulans, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 58

simulans, Procambarus, 58

simulans, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57, 58, 86 (234)

simulans regiomontanus, Procambarus, 57

simulans regiomontanus, Procambarus (Girardiella), 57

simulans simulans, Procambarus, 58

simulans simulans, Procambarus (Girardiella), 58

sloanei, Cambarus, 50

sloanei, Cambarus (Faxonius), 50

sloanei, Orconectes, 50

sloani, Cambarus, 50

sloani, Orconectes, 50

sloani, Orconectes (Orconectes), 50

Sloanii, Cambarus, 50

sloanii, Cambarus, 33, 50

sloanii, Faxonius, 50

sloanii, Faxonius, (Faxonius) 50

sloanii, Orconectes, 50

sloanii, Orconectes (Orconectes), 50

sloanii, Orconectes (Rhoadesius), 50, 85 (150)

sloanni, Orconectes, 50

speciosus, Cambarus (Hiaticambarus), 20, 83 (65)

spectrum, Fallicambarus (Fallicambarus), 31

sphenoides, Cambarus, 16

sphenoides, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 16, 83 (41)

spicatus, Cambarus, 27

spicatus, Cambarus (PunctiCambarus), 27, 84 (94)

spiculifer, Astacus, 74

spiculifer, Cambaru, 75

spiculifer, Cambarus, 74

spiculifer, Cambarus (Cambarus), 75

spiculifer, Cambarus (Ortrnannicus), 75

spiculifer, Procambarus, 75

spiculifer, Procambarus (Pennides), 75, 87 (341)

spiculifter, Procambarus, 75

spinifrons, Astacus, 80, 81

spinifrons, Parastacus, 81

spinifrons, Samastacus, 3, 81, 87 (373)

spinirostris, Cambarus, 19

spinosus, Cambarus, 50

spinosus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 50

spinosus, Orconectes, 50

spinosus, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 50, 85 (185)

spinosus gulielmi, Cambarus, 35

spinous, Orconectes, 50

stannardi, Orconectes, 38

stannardi, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 38, 84 (161)

Stigius, Astacus Cambarus, 45

stimulans, Procambarus, 58

strawni, Cambarus, 29, 30, 31

strawni, Fallicambarus, 31

strawni, FalliCambarus (Fallicambarus), 31, 84 (114)

strenthi, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 77, 87 (347)

striatus, Cambarus, 17

striatus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 15, 16, 17, 83 (48)

strigosus, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 17, 83 (45)

Stygius, Cambarus, 45, 63

stygius, Cambarus, 45, 63

subgrundialis, Astacus, 6

suttkusi, Procambarus, 75

suttkusi, Procambarus (Pennides), 75, 87

suttkuzi, Procambarus, 75

talpoides, Procambarus (Hagenides), 59, 86 (248)

tartarus, Cambarus, 23

tartarus, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23, 83 (86)

tenebrorus, Cambarus, 18

tenebrosus, Cambarus, 18

tenebrosus, Cambarus (Erebicambarus), 18, 83 (54)

Tenuicambarus, subgenus, 4, 51, 77

tenuis, Procambarus, 51, 77

tenuis, Procambarus (Tenuicambarus), 77, 87 (353)

texanus, Cambarellus, 11

texanus, Cambarellus (Pandicambarus), 11, 82 (22)

texanus, Procambarus, 71

texanus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 86 (303)

teziutlanensi, Paracambarus, 78

teziutlanensis, Paracambarus, 78

teziutlanensis, Procambarus, 78

teziutlanensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (362)

tlapacoyanensis, Paracambarus, 78

tlapacoyanensis, Procambarus, 78

tlapacoyanensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 78, 87 (363)

toltecae, Procambarus, 71

toltecae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 86 (323)

toltecas, Procambarus, 71

Tragulicambarus, subgenus, 3, 4, 33, 50

transfuga, Orconectes, 48

transfuga, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 48

transfugus, Orconectes, 48

trawbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

tricuspis, Faxonius, 38

tricuspis, Orconectes, 38

tricuspis, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 38, 84 (165)

tricuspis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 38

Troglocambarus, 3, 4, 79

Troglocambarus maclanei, 79, 87 (364)

troglodyles, Cambarus, 77

troglodytes, Astacus, 77

troglodytes, Cambarus, 77

troglodytes, Cambarus (Cambarus), 77

troglodytes, Cambarus (Ortrnannicus), 77

troglodytes, Procambarus, 77

troglodytes, Procambarus, (Scapulicambarus) 77, 87 (352)

troglodytus, Cambarus, 77

Trolocambarus, 79

Trolocambarus maclanei, 79

trowbridgei, Astacus, 8

trowbridgei, Pacifastacus, 8

trowbridgei, Potamobius (Potamobius), 8

trowbridgeii, Pacifasucus, 7, 8

trowbridgeii, Pasifastacus, 8

trowbridgi, Astacus, 8

trowbridgi, Pacifastacus, 8

Trowbridgii, Astacus, 8

trowbridgii, Astacus, 8

trowbridgii, Astacus (Astacus), 8

Trowbridgii, Astaus (Astacus), 8

trowbridgii, Pacifastaculus, 8

Trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

trowbridgii, Pacifastacus, 8

Trownbridgi, Astacus, 8

Truculentus, Procambarus, 60

truculentus, Procambarus, 60

truculentus, Procambarus (Hagenides), 60, 86 (256)

truncatus, Cambarus (DepressiCambarus), 17, 83 (43)

tulanei, Procambarus, 58

tulanei, Procambarus (Girardiella), 58, 86 (233)

typhlobius, Cambarus, 45

typhlobius, Gambarus, 45

tziutlanensis, Procambarus, 78

Uhleri, Cambarus, 30

uhleri, Cambarus, 30

uhleri, Cambarus (Bartonius), 30

uhleri, Cambarus (Cambarus), 30

uhleri, Fallicambarus, 30

uhleri, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus), 30, 84 (119)

unestami, Cambarus, 23

unestami, Cambarus (Depressicambarus), 23, 83 (69)

unestami, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 23

validus, Cambarus, 41, 42

validus, Cambarus (Faxonius), 42

validus, Faxonius, 42

validus, Faxonius (Faxonius), 42

validus, Orconectes, 42

validus, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 42, 85 (208)

validus, Orconectes (Orconectes), 42

validus Faxonianus, Cambarus, 41

valleculus, Cambarus, 33

valleculus, Hobbseus, 33, 84 (131)

varicosus, Parasucus, 80, 87 (367)

vasquezae, Procambarus, 54

vazquezae, Procambarus, 50, 54

vazquezae, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 54, 85 (212)

veracruzanus, Procambarus, 54

veracruzanus, Procambarus (AustroCambarus), 54, 85 (218)

verrucosus, Procambarus, 71

verrucosus, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 86 (309)

versutus, Cambarus, 75

versutus, Cambarus (Cambarus), 75

versutus, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 75

versutus, Procambarus, 75

versutus, Procambarus (Pennides), 75, 87 (332)

veteranus, Cambarus, 27

veteranus, Cambarus (PunctiCambarus), 27, 84 (105)

Velicambarus, subgenus, 4, 12, 20, 28

viae viridis, Cambarus (Ortmannicus), 71

viae-viridis, Cambarus, 71

viae-viridis, Procambarus, 71

viaeviridis, Procambarus, 71

viaeviridis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 87 (320)

villalobosi, Procambarus, 71

villalobosi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 71, 87 (322)

Villalobosus, subgenus, 4, 51, 77

vioscae, Procambarus, 74, 75

vioscai, Procambarus, 75

vioscai, Procambarus (Pennides), 75, 87 (337)

viosci, Procambarus, 75

virginianus, Orconectes, 38

virginiensis, Faxonius, 38

virginiensis, Orconectes, 38

virginiensis, Orconectes (Crockerinus), 38, 84 (158)

virginiensis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 38

viridis, Cambarus, 42

viridis, Camburus, 42

virile, Cambarus, 42

viriles, Cambarus, 42

virilis, Cambarus, 33, 39, 42

virilis, Cambarus, 42

virilis, Cambarus (Faxonius), 42

virilis, Faxonius, 42

virilis, Faxonius (Faxonius), 42

virilis, Orconectes, 42

virilis, Orconectes (Cambarus), 42

virilis, Orconectes (Gremicambarus), 5, 39, 40, 42, 85 (199)

virilis, Orconectes (Orconectes), 42

virilis, Orconectis, 42

virilis, Orconelctes, 42

virilis, Orconetes, 42

virilis, Orconnectes, 42

virilis, Oronectes, 42

virilus, Cambarus, 42

vusticus, Cambarus, 49

Weigmanni, Procambarus, 5

weigmanni, Procambarus, 5

whitmani, Cambarus, 46

Wiegmanni, Astacus (Cambarus), 5

Wiegmanni, Cambarus, 5

wiegmanni, Cambarus, 5

wiegmanni, Procambarus, 5

williamsi, Orconectes, 50

williamsi, Orconectes (Procericambarus), 50, 85 (191)

williamsoni, Cambarus (Procambarus), 54

williamsoni, Procambarus, 54

williamsoni, Procambarus (AustroCambarus), 54, 85 (222)

wisconsinensis, Cambarus, 42

wrighti, Faxonius, 39

wrighti, Orconectes, 39

wrighti, Orconectes (Faxonius), 39, 84 (141)

wrighti, Orconectes (Orconectes), 39

Xilitlae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 72

xilitae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 72

xilitlae, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 72, 87 (298)

xilitlae, Procambarus (Scapulicambarus), 72

xochitlanae, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 79, 87

youngi, Procambarus, 72

youngi, Procambarus (Ortmannicus), 72, 87 (281)

youngineri, Distocambarus (Fitzcambarus), 28, 84 (110)

zapoapensis, Procambarus (Austrocambarus), 54, 55, 85 (221)

zempoalensis, Cambarellus, 10

zempoalensis, Cambarellus (Cambarellus), 10, 82 (16)

zihuatentlensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 79

zihuateutlensis, Procambarus, 79

zihuateutlensis, Procambarus (Villalobosus), 79, 87 (360)

zophonastes, Cabmarus (Jugicambarus), 24

zophonastes, Cambarus, 24

zophonastes, Cambarus (Jugicambarus), 24, 83 (85)

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